CHAPTER 3

BASE YEAR AND FUTURE EMISSIONS

Introduction

Emissions Inventories

Base Year Emissions

Future Emissions
Chapter 3 Base Year and Future Emissions

3 - 1

INTRODUCTION

This chapter summarizes emissions occurring in the Basin during the base years 1987, 

1990, and 1993, and projected emissions in the years 2000, 2006, 2010. More detailed 

emission data analyses are presented in Appendix III of the 1997 AQMP. Additional 

emission inventories for other interim years (i.e., 1997, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 

2008) are also developed. These inventory years are selected to comply with federal and 

state Clean Air Act requirements. Under the federal and state Clean Air Acts, the 

District is required to report the Basin’s emission reduction progress for nonattainment 

pollutants. The base year to measure the Basin’s progress is 1990 for both the federal 

and state Clean Air Acts. A 1987 and a 1990 emission inventory were reconstructed to 

reflect the most recent inventory methodologies. Adopted air quality rules and 

regulations have current and future compliance dates. The 1993 base year emissions 

inventory reflects adopted air regulations with current compliance dates; whereas future 

baseline emissions inventories are based on adopted air regulations with both current and 

future compliance dates. A list of District rules and regulations that are part of the base 

year and future-year baseline emissions inventories is presented in Appendix III. Some 

of these rules have not been approved by U.S. EPA, however the District is committed to 

implement these rules that are incorporated in the 1997 AQMP baseline emissions 

inventories.

The emissions inventory is divided into four major classifications: point, area, off-road, 

and on-road sources. The 1993 base year point source emissions are based principally on 

reported data from facilities. The area source and off-road emissions are estimated 

jointly by ARB and the District. The on-road emissions are calculated using the ARB 

EMFAC7G emission factors and the transportation activity data provided by SCAG. The 

1987 and 1990 inventories were reconstructed/backcasted based on the same general 

methodology as the 1993 inventory so as to reflect current knowledge. For example, 

EMFAC7G was applied to the 1987 and 1990 vehicle activity data to backcast 1987 and 

1990 on-road mobile emissions. This approach provides a more consistent basis for 

evaluation of emission reduction progress.

The future emission forecasts are based on demographic and economic growth 

projections provided by the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG). 

The California Energy Commission (CEC) energy forecasts for the petroleum industry 

and gas appliance-related categories incorporating energy efficiency standards are also 

used to refine emission projections. In addition, emission reductions resulting from ARB 

and District regulations adopted by September 30, 1996 are included in the emission 

forecasts. The rules and regulations adopted beginning in 1996 are treated as baseline 

adjustment measures to account for their emissions impacts.
FINAL 1997 AQMP

3 - 2

EMISSIONS INVENTORIES

Baseline emissions data presented in this chapter are based on average annual day 

emissions (i.e., total annual emissions divided by 365 days) and seasonally adjusted 

planning inventory emissions. The 1997 AQMP uses annual average day emissions to 

estimate the cost-effectiveness of a control measure, to rank control measure 

implementation, and to perform PM10 modeling and analysis. The planning inventory 

emissions developed to capture the emission levels during the poor air quality season are 

used to report emission reduction progress as required by the federal and state Clean Air 

Acts. Three planning inventories are prepared for the 1997 AQMP: an ozone inventory 

for summer volatile organic compounds (VOC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions; 

a carbon monoxide (CO) inventory for winter CO emissions; and a nitrogen dioxide 

(NO2) inventory for winter NOx emissions. In addition, the most recent U.S. EPA VOC 

definition (i.e., exclusion of acetone, ethane, and PERC) is applied for the purpose of 

AQMP inventory development.

Detailed descriptions of the base year and future baseline emission inventories are 

presented in Appendix III - Base Year and Future Year Emission Inventories. 

Stationary Sources

Stationary sources can be divided into two major subcategories: point and area sources. 

Point sources are generally large emitters with one or more emission sources at a 

permitted facility with an identified location (e.g., power plants, refinery boilers). Area 

sources generally consist of many small emission sources (e.g., residential water heaters, 

architectural coatings) which are distributed across the region. Their emissions over a 

given area may be calculated using socioeconomic data. For 1987, reported data is used 

for point sources emitting more than 8 tons/year of any one of the criteria air 

contaminants and the District's permit system data base is relied upon to estimate 

emissions for smaller sources; for 1990 and 1993, reported data is used for facilities with 

emissions greater than or equal to 2 tons/year.

Area source emissions were jointly developed by the ARB and the District for a total of 

more than 200 categories. Several special studies were conducted to improve the area 

source inventory. ARB has recently completed a statewide inventory for degreasing 

operations identifying solvent cleaning emissions not previously inventoried. In 

addition, the most recent source test data for restaurant operations (e.g., charbroiler and 

deep fryers) was used for the 1997 Plan.

Finally, significant progress has been made since the adoption of the 1994 AQMP to 

improve PM10 fugitive dust and ammonia emission inventories. The following sections 
Chapter 3 Base Year and Future Emissions

3 - 3

summarize the progress and the results for a variety of projects related to emission 

inventory improvement.

Fugitive Dust and Ammonia Inventory Updates

As part of the 1994 AQMP process, it was recognized that the fugitive dust and ammonia 

inventories should be reviewed and revised, if necessary, prior to the development of the 

1997 AQMP. Since that time, the District has participated in a number of fugitive dust 

and ammonia emission projects, as well as following projects by other sponsors. Based 

on the results of these studies and more recent activity level information, the District has 

prepared updated 1993 fugitive dust and ammonia emission inventories.

Best Available Control Measure (BACM) Working Group

The District, through the cooperative efforts of the BACM Working Group, embarked on 

an accelerated program to correct previously identified fugitive dust inventory 

deficiencies. The BACM Working Group is an ongoing task force comprised of 

representatives from U.S. EPA Region IX, ARB, South Coast AQMD, San Joaquin 

Valley APCD, Great Basin APCD, Mojave Desert AQMD, Clark County Nevada, 

Washoe County Nevada, Maricopa County Arizona, Arizona Department of 

Environmental Quality, USDA Soil Conservation Service, Coachella Valley Association 

of Governments, and WESTAR (Western States Air Resource Council). The emission 

inventory projects included studies aimed at improving emission factors for such fugitive 

dust sources as paved roads and construction, as well as quantifying previously 

uninventoried sources. Emission factors for entrained paved road dust and construction 

were significantly lower than previous estimates based on these studies. Previously 

uninventoried sources, such as entrained leaf blower and unpaved shoulder dust, were 

generally found to be small contributors to the overall inventory.

PM10 Technical Enhancement Program (PTEP)

The results from three emission inventory projects from the District’s PM10 Technical 

Enhancement Program (PTEP) have been used to revise the fugitive dust and ammonia 

inventories. The Fugitive Dust Integration project summarized previous inventory 

development and current and past emission factor studies. It also provided 

recommendations for the best available emission methodology, emission factors, and 

activity estimates for each fugitive dust category. These recommendations were used by 

District staff in the development of the fugitive dust inventory. A second PTEP project 

was the development of a Geographic Information System (GIS) to prepare spatiallyresolved fugitive dust inventories. Spatially-resolved 1993 construction dust emissions 

have been prepared for the 1997 AQMP. 

A separate PTEP project measured emissions from livestock waste at local dairies, since 

it was believed that current local dairy operations were significantly different than those 

used to derive previous emission estimates. Results from this study indicated that the 
FINAL 1997 AQMP

3 - 4

emission factor for local dairy waste was approximately 70% less than the factor used in 

previous emission inventory estimates, since earlier studies were not based on local area 

conditions.

Updated 1993 Fugitive Dust and Ammonia Inventories

Activity levels for all sources were updated to the 1993 base year, which reflects the 

impact of the local economic activities as well as Rule 403 on construction emissions. 

Overall, updated emission factors and activity levels for several categories led to a 54% 

reduction in fugitive dust emission estimates. Figure 3-1 compares the changes in 

fugitive dust inventories between 1994 and the 1997 Plans.

1994 AQMP (732 tpd)

Farming 

Operations

4%

Paved Road 

Dust

61%

Unpaved 

Road Dust

18%

Construction

14%

Windblown 

Dust

3%

1997 AQMP (340 tpd)

Paved Road 

Dust

50%

Landfills

1%

Farming 

Operations

5%

Windblown 

Dust

16%

Construction

13%

Unpaved 

Road Dust

15%

FIGURE 3-1

1993 Fugitive Dust Inventory for the 1994 AQMP and the 1997 AQMP

The 1993 livestock waste ammonia inventory is approximately 50% less than the 1987 

emission estimate used in previous plans. The reduction results from the reduced 

emission factor for dairy livestock waste and the 1993 animal population statistics, which 

showed a decrease in poultry from the 1987 levels. It should also be noted that previous 

ammonia emission estimates for wastewater treatment plants were overstated compared 

to the ammonia emissions reported in the AB 2588-required Air Toxics Inventory Report 

and from source testing. Based on this and other information, 1993 ammonia emission 

estimates for wastewater treatment plants are now calculated to be 100 times smaller than

previous estimates.

Mobile Sources

Mobile sources consist of two subcategories: on-road and off-road sources. On-road 

vehicle emissions are calculated using socioeconomic data and transportation models 
Chapter 3 Base Year and Future Emissions

3 - 5

provided by SCAG, spatial distribution data from Caltrans' Direct Travel Impact Model 

(DTIM), and emission factors (EMFAC7G) obtained from the ARB. The 1990 Census 

data is reflected in the SCAG socioeconomic data, and the 1991 origin and designation 

survey data is used in the SCAG transportation model. Major improvements made to 

EMFAC7G include:

 Redefining starts and redistributing starts by vehicle age;

 New start emissions methodology;

 Fuel corrections for diesel;

 High emitter adjustments;

 Driving cycle adjustments; and

 Implementation of adopted rules (e.g., enhanced inspection and maintenance 

program, 4.0 gram NOx standards for heavy-duty diesel trucks and urban diesel 

buses, and 2.5 gram NOx standard for heavy-duty gas trucks).

Based on the vehicle activity data and EMFAC, an upgraded DTIM model (i.e., DTIM2) 

is used to estimate on-road mobile emissions. Figure 3-2 compares the on-road 

emissions between EMFAC7F and EMFAC7G. 

Emissions from off-road vehicle categories (e.g., trains, ships, utility engines) were 

developed primarily based on the estimated activity levels and emission factors. A 

special study was conducted by ARB to improve the emission estimates for pleasure 

craft. A separate study to inventory ship emissions was recently completed and the 

emission estimates from that study have been incorporated into the 1997 AQMP

Gridded Emissions

For air quality modeling purposes, the region is composed of the South Coast Air Basin, 

Coachella Valley, Antelope Valley, Ventura County (upwind area), and Mojave Desert. 

The modeling area is divided into a grid system composed of 5 km by 5 km grid cells 

defined by Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates. Both stationary and 

mobile emissions are allocated to individual grid cells within this system. In general, the 

modeling emission data features episodic-day emissions. Seasonal variations in activity 

levels are taken into account in developing gridded stationary point and area source 

emissions. Variations in temperature, hours of operation, speed of motor vehicles, or 

other factors are considered in developing gridded motor vehicle emissions. Hence, 

“gridded” emissions data used for ozone modeling applications (Chapter 5) differ from 

the average annual day or planning inventory emission data in two respects: 1) the 
FINAL 1997 AQMP

3 - 6

modeling region covers larger geographic areas than the Basin; and 2) emissions 

represent day-specific instead of average or seasonal conditions. In the 1997 AQMP, 

gridded inventories associated with four ozone and two PM10 episodes have been 

prepared for air quality modeling analyses. In addition, gridded emissions for 1995 were 

developed to calculate annual average PM10 concentrations.

0

150

300

450

600

750

900

1990 2010

VOC

Tons/Day

7 F

7 G

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1990 2010

NOx Tons/Day

7 F

7 G

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

1990 2010

C O

Tons/Day

7 F

7 G

0

3 0

6 0

9 0

120

150

1990 2010

PM

Tons/Day

7 F

7 G

FIGURE 3-2

Comparison of Emissions Between EMFAC7F and EMFAC7G

(From information provided by the California Air Resources Board - December 1995 Release)
Chapter 3 Base Year and Future Emissions

3 - 7

BASE YEAR EMISSIONS

Reconstructed 1987 and 1990 Emission Inventories

The federal and state Clean Air Acts have specified the 1987 and 1990 emission 

inventories, respectively, as the baseline for measuring emission reduction progress. 

Therefore, inventories for both years have been revised since the adoption of the 1994 

AQMP to reflect improvements in emissions estimates and inventory methodology; this 

provides a consistent basis for emission trend analysis. Most noticeably, a significant 

change in methodology has been made to on-road and PM10 categories. Tables 3-1 and 

3-2 present the reconstructed 1987 and 1990 emissions by major source category for the 

criteria pollutants VOC, NOx, SOx, CO, and PM10.

1993 Emission Inventory

Table 3-3 shows the 1993 emission inventory. Figure 3-3 characterizes relative 

contributions by stationary and mobile source categories. Stationary sources are 

subdivided into point (e.g., chemical manufacturing, petroleum production, and electric 

utilities) and area sources (e.g., architectural coatings, residential water heaters, and 

consumer products). Mobile sources consist of on-road (e.g., light-duty passenger cars) 

and off-road sources (e.g., trains and ships). 

Overall, total mobile source emissions account for 61 percent of the VOC and 88 percent 

of the NOx emissions for these two ozone-forming pollutants. The on-road mobile 

category alone contributes about 51 and 63 percent of the VOC and NOx emissions, 

respectively and approximately 78 percent of the CO.

Within stationary sources, point sources contribute more NOx and SOx emissions than 

area sources. However, area sources play a major role in VOC emissions, emitting about 

two to three times more than point sources. Furthermore, area sources are the 

predominant source (87 percent) of PM10 emissions due to inclusion of travel-related 

activity.
FINAL 1997 AQMP

3 - 8

TABLE 3-1A

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 1987 Base Year

Average Annual Day (tons/day1)

Source Category VOC NOx CO SOx PM10

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 12 210 72 14 12

Waste Burning 2 2 17 1 3

Solvent Use 520 1 0 0 2

Petroleum Process, 

Storage, & Transfer

105 8 6 19 3

Industrial Processes 27 8 3 6 29

Misc. Processes* 40 8 13 1 408

Total Stationary Sources 706 237 111 41 457

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 988 772 6,931 35 26

Off-Road Vehicles 124 294 1,363 49 19

Total Mobile Sources 1,112 1,066 8,294 84 45

TOTAL 1,818 1,303 8,405 125 502

TABLE 3-1B

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 1987 Base Year

Planning Inventory** (tons/day1)

SUMMER

OZONE PRECURSORS

WINTER

PRECURSORS

Source Category VOC NOx NOx CO

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 12 211 226 86

Waste Burning 1 2 3 33

Solvent Use 611 1 1 0

Petroleum Process, Storage, & Transfer 105 8 8 6

Industrial Processes 39 9 8 3

Misc. Processes 46 10 10 14

Total Stationary Sources 814 241 256 142

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 944 750 801 7,616

Off-Road Vehicles 151 361 358 1,651

Total Mobile Sources 1,095 1,111 1,159 9,267

TOTAL 1,909 1,351 1,415 9,409

* Travel related road dust included **Planning inventories are not used for PM10 analysis

1 Values are rounded to nearest integer
Chapter 3 Base Year and Future Emissions

3 - 9

TABLE 3-2A

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 1990 Base Year

Average Annual Day (tons/day1)

Source Category VOC NOx CO SOx PM10

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 12 193 97 19 15

Waste Burning 2 2 19 0 2

Solvent Use 474 1 0 0 1

Petroleum Process, Storage, 

& Transfer

109 5 4 12 3

Industrial Processes 30 7 3 5 29

Misc. Processes* 31 1 8 0 397

Total Stationary Sources 658 209 131 36 447

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 863 891 6,679 34 39

Off-Road Vehicles 127 313 1,413 34 20

Total Mobile Sources 990 1,204 8,092 68 59

TOTAL 1,648 1,413 8,223 104 506

TABLE 3-2B

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 1990 Base Year

Planning Inventory** (tons/day1)

SUMMER

OZONE PRECURSORS

WINTER

PRECURSORS*

Source Category VOC NOx NOx CO

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 14 202 215 120

Waste Burning 1 2 3 35

Solvent Use 547 1 1 1

Petroleum Process, Storage, & Transfer 110 5 5 5

Industrial Processes 40 8 8 3

Misc. Processes 33 2 2 9

Total Stationary Sources 745 220 234 173

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 833 868 921 7,381

Off-Road Vehicles 155 384 382 1,723

Total Mobile Sources 988 1,252 1,303 9,104

TOTAL 1,733 1,472 1,537 9,277

* Travel related road dust included **Planning inventories are not used for PM10 analysis

1 Values are rounded to nearest integer
FINAL 1997 AQMP

3 - 10

TABLE 3-3A

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 1993 Base Year

Average Annual Day (tons/day1)

Source Category VOC NOx CO SOx PM10

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 11 136 65 8 10

Waste Burning 1 3 17 2 2

Solvent Use 331 0 0 0 1

Petroleum Process, Storage, 

& Transfer

58 8 5 11 2

Industrial Processes 17 6 1 2 20

Misc. Processes* 32 1 11 0 344

Total Stationary Sources 450 154 99 23 379

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 676 794 5,682 25 27

Off-Road Vehicles 114 246 1,264 31 15

Total Mobile Sources 790 1,040 6,946 56 42

TOTAL 1,240 1,194 7,045 79 421

TABLE 3-3B

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 1993 Base Year

Planning Inventory** (tons/day1)

SUMMER

OZONE PRECURSORS

WINTER

PRECURSORS*

Source Category VOC NOx NOx CO

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 11 135 149 76

Waste Burning 1 2 4 34

Solvent Use 364 0 0 0

Petroleum Process, Storage, & Transfer 59 8 8 5

Industrial Processes 22 6 6 1

Misc. Processes 34 1 1 11

Total Stationary Sources 491 152 168 127

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 648 775 822 5,908

Off-Road Vehicles 138 296 294 1,538

Total Mobile Sources 786 1,071 1,116 7,446

TOTAL 1,277 1,223 1,284 7,573

* Travel related road dust included **Planning inventories are not used for PM10 analysis

1 Values are rounded to nearest integer
Chapter 3 Base Year and Future Emissions

3 - 11

PM1 0 Emissions: 421 Tons/Day

52.7%

3.3%

3.4%

34.1%

6.5%

Point Area On-Road Off-Road Entrained Road Dust

S Ox Emissions: 79 Tons/Day

39.2%

31.4%

1.8%

27.6%

VOC Emissions: 1,277 Tons/Day

29.6%

50.7%

10.8% 8.9%

NOx Emissions: 1,223 Tons/Day

63.3%

24.2%

8.2%

4.3%

Summer

NOx Emissions: 1,284 Tons/Day

64.0% 5.3%

7.8%

22.9%

CO Emissions: 7,573 Tons/Day

0.9%

20.3%

0.8%

78.0%

Winter

Average Annual

FIGURE 3-3

Relative Contribution By Source Category to the 1993 Inventory
FINAL 1997 AQMP

3 - 12

In the mobile source category, emissions from on-road vehicles are much higher than 

those from off-road sources for all criteria pollutants except SOx. This can be explained 

by the fact that the sulfur content in fuels used for off-road vehicles is relatively higher 

than those for on-road vehicles. 

Figure 3-4 compares the 1993 inventory with the reconstructed 1987 and 1990 

inventories. As can be seen, slight emission reductions are shown for all stationary 

source pollutants due to adopted air regulations. Existing ARB vehicle regulations result 

in reductions in VOC and CO. The noticeable increase in NOx emissions between 1987 

and 1990 is due to the shift to 1990 census data as well as the estimated increase in 

heavy-duty vehicle VMTs.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

1987 1990 1993 1987 1990 1993 1987 1990 1993 1987 1990 1993 1987 1990 1993 1987 1990 1993

Off-Road On-Road Area Point

Summer Winter Average Annual

VOC NOx CO* NOx SOx PM1 0

*CO Emission values were divided by 10.

FIGURE 3-4

Comparison of Reconstructed 1987, 1990 Inventories and 1993 Inventory

FUTURE EMISSIONS

Data Development

The milestone years 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, and 

2010 are the target years for emissions rate-of-progress estimates under the federal Clean 

Air Act and the state Clean Air Act. In addition, an emissions inventory for the year 

2020 is also prepared for the first time to form the basis for a first look at the air quality 

once the region attains the federal clean air standards. Due to the adoption of the NOx
Chapter 3 Base Year and Future Emissions

3 - 13

and SOx RECLAIM program in October 1993, future emissions are divided into 

RECLAIM and non-RECLAIM emissions. Future NOx and SOx emissions from 

RECLAIM sources are estimated based on their initial allocations as specified by District 

Rule 2002. The revised allocations for the six source categories as part of District Rule 

2015 technology review are incorporated in the RECLAIM emission forecast. The 

forecasts for non-RECLAIM emissions were derived using: 1) emissions from the 1993 

base year; 2) expected controls after implementation of District and ARB rules adopted 

by September 30, 1996; and 3) emissions growth in various source categories between 

the base and future years. Rules adopted after September 30, 1996 are treated as baseline 

adjustment measures for emissions reduction accounting purposes. A detailed 

description of the forecasting methodology is provided in Appendix III of the 1997 

AQMP. 

Demographic growth forecasts for various socioeconomic categories (e.g., population, 

housing, employment by industries), developed by SCAG, were used to estimate future 

emissions. The 1990 Census data were used to validate the 1990 socioeconomic data 

and future growth. Industry growth factors for 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 were 

provided by SCAG. Growth factors for other interim years were interpolated between 

key forecast years. CEC-adopted energy efficiency standards and energy-based forecasts 

for the petroleum industry are also used to improve emission forecasts for certain gas 

appliance and refinery operation related categories. Table 3-4 summarizes key 

socioeconomic parameters used in the 1997 AQMP for emissions inventory 

development.

TABLE 3-4

Baseline Socioeconomic Forecasts Used in 1997 AQMP*

Category 1993 2000 (% Growth) 2010 (% Growth)

Population

(Millions)

13.8 14.8 (+7) 16.7 (+21)

Housing Units

(Millions)

4.8 5.1 (+6) 5.7 (+19)

Total Employment

(Millions)

6.0 6.7 (+12) 8.0 (+33)

Daily VMT 293.3 317.9 (+8) 377.9 (+29)

Daily Vehicle Trips

(Millions)

31.2 33.2 (+6) 37.9 (+21)

* No AQMP measures included.

Current forecasts indicate that this region will experience a population growth of 21 

percent by the year 2010 with a 29 percent increase in vehicle miles traveled (VMT). 
FINAL 1997 AQMP

3 - 14

The current projection for the year 2010 shows about half a million decrease in 

population and a 36-million mile decrease in VMT forecast as compared to the 

projection from the 1994 AQMP. The differences in the forecasts are primarily due to 

the change in base year from 1990 to 1993.

Summary of Baseline Emissions

Emission data by source categories (point, area, on-road mobile and off-road mobile 

sources) and by pollutants are presented in Tables 3-5 through 3-7 for the years 2000, 

2006, and 2010.

Without any additional controls, VOC, NOx, and CO emissions are expected to decrease 

due to existing regulations, such as the LEV and oxygenated fuel programs, and the 

RECLAIM program. Figure 3-5 illustrates the relative contribution to the 2010 

inventory by source category. A comparison between Figures 3-3 and 3-5 indicates that 

the on-road mobile category continues to be a major contributor to CO and NOx

emissions. However, due to the adopted LEV regulation, by 2010 on-road mobile 

accounts for about 19 percent of total VOC emissions compared to 51 percent in 1993. 

Meanwhile, area sources become the major contributor to VOC emissions from 30 

percent in 1993 to 48 percent in 2010.
Chapter 3 Base Year and Future Emissions

3 - 15

TABLE 3-5A

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 2000 Base Year

Average Annual Day (tons/day1)

Source Category VOC NOx CO SOx PM10

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 10 64 64 2 9

Waste Burning 6 5 91 0 11

Solvent Use 316 0 0 0 1

Petroleum Process, Storage, & 

Transfer

45 0 5 0 2

Industrial Processes 20 0 1 0 23

Misc. Processes* 32 1 11 0 364

RECLAIM Source NA 43 NA 16 NA

Total Stationary Sources 429 113 172 18 410

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 350 521 2,963 14 16

Off-Road Vehicles 112 248 1,270 34 15

Total Mobile Sources 462 769 4,233 48 31

TOTAL 891 882 4,405 66 441

TABLE 3-5B

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 2000 Base Year

Planning Inventory** (tons/day1)

SUMMER

OZONE PRECURSORS

WINTER

PRECURSORS*

Source Category VOC NOx NOx CO

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 10 60 72 77

Waste Burning 3 3 12 200

Solvent Use 348 0 0 0

Petroleum Process, Storage, & 

Transfer

46 0 0 5

Industrial Processes 27 0 0 1

Misc. Processes 34 1 1 12

RECLAIM Source NA 45 45 NA

Total Stationary Sources 468 109 130 295

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 334 509 535 3,298

Off-Road Vehicles 135 298 295 1,549

Total Mobile Sources 469 807 830 4,847

TOTAL 937 916 960 5,142

* Travel related road dust included **Planning inventories are not used for PM10 analysis

1 Values are rounded to nearest integer
FINAL 1997 AQMP

3 - 16

TABLE 3-6A

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 2006 Base Year

Average Annual Day (tons/day1)

Source Category VOC NOx CO SOx PM10

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 10 65 71 2 10

Waste Burning 7 6 102 0 12

Solvent Use 340 0 0 0 1

Petroleum Process, Storage, 

& Transfer

46 0 5 0 2

Industrial Processes 23 0 1 0 23

Misc. Processes* 33 1 12 0 376

RECLAIM Source NA 32 NA 11 NA

Total Stationary Sources 459 104 191 13 424

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 222 403 2,103 16 14

Off-Road Vehicles 120 231 1,363 37 16

Total Mobile Sources 342 634 3,466 53 30

TOTAL 801 738 3,657 66 454

TABLE 3-6B

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 2006 Base Year

Planning Inventory** (tons/day1)

SUMMER

OZONE PRECURSORS

WINTER

PRECURSORS*

Source Category VOC NOx NOx CO

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 11 60 73 85

Waste Burning 4 4 13 227

Solvent Use 374 0 0 0

Petroleum Process, Storage, & 

Transfer

46 0 0 5

Industrial Processes 31 0 0 1

Misc. Processes 35 1 1 13

RECLAIM Source NA 33 33 NA

Total Stationary Sources 501 98 120 331

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 217 396 413 2,274

Off-Road Vehicles 145 274 271 1,655

Total Mobile Sources 362 670 684 3,929

TOTAL 863 768 804 4,260

* Travel related road dust included **Planning inventories are not used for PM10 analysis

1 Values are rounded to nearest integer
Chapter 3 Base Year and Future Emissions

3 - 17

TABLE 3-7A

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 2010 Base Year

Average Annual Day (tons/day1)

Source Category VOC NOx CO SOx PM10

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 11 65 75 2 10

Waste Burning 7 6 102 0 12

Solvent Use 362 0 0 0 1

Petroleum Process, Storage, 

& Transfer

46 0 5 0 3

Industrial Processes 26 0 1 0 24

Misc. Processes* 34 1 13 0 383

RECLAIM Source NA 32 NA 11 NA

Total Stationary Sources 486 104 196 13 433

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 165 365 1,810 17 14

Off-Road Vehicles 119 228 1,335 40 16

Total Mobile Sources 284 593 3,145 57 30

TOTAL 770 697 3,341 70 463

TABLE 3-7B

Summary of Emissions By Major Source Category: 2010 Base Year

Planning Inventory** (tons/day1)

SUMMER

OZONE PRECURSORS

WINTER

PRECURSORS*

Source Category VOC NOx NOx CO

Stationary Sources

Fuel Combustion 11 60 72 91

Waste Burning 4 4 13 227

Solvent Use 400 0 1 0

Petroleum Process, Storage, & 

Transfer

47 0 0 5

Industrial Processes 33 0 0 1

Misc. Processes 36 1 1 13

RECLAIM Source NA 33 33 NA

Total Stationary Sources 531 98 120 337

Mobile Sources

On-Road Vehicles 163 360 373 1,913

Off-Road Vehicles 145 269 266 1,643

Total Mobile Sources 308 629 639 3,556

TOTAL 839 727 759 3,893

* Travel related road dust included **Planning inventories are not used for PM10 analysis

1 Values are rounded to nearest integer
FINAL 1997 AQMP

3 - 18

VOC Emissions: 839 Tons/Day

19.4%

48.3%

17.2% 15.1%

NOx Emissions: 727 Tons/Day

49.1%

37.1%

7.7%

5.8%

CO Emissions: 3,893 Tons/Day

42.2%

49.1%

1.8%6.9%

NOx Emissions: 759 Tons/Day

49.2%

35.0%

10.2%

5.6%

PM1 0 Emissions: 463 Tons/Day

3.0%

37.1%

53.1%

3.5%

3.3%

Point Area On-Road Off-Road Entrained Road Dust

S Ox Emissions: 70 Tons/Day

24.0%

1.8%

57.0%

17.2%

Summer

Winter

Average Annual

FIGURE 3-5

Relative Contribution By Source Category to the 2010 Inventory