If this opinion indicates that it is “FOR PUBLICATION,” it is subject to 

revision until final publication in the Michigan Appeals Reports.

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S T A T E O F M I C H I G A N

C O U R T O F A P P E A L S

AUTO CLUB GROUP INSURANCE 

COMPANY,

Plaintiff/Counterdefendant/Appellee

/Cross-Appellee,

UNPUBLISHED

July 2, 2019

v No. 340446

Macomb Circuit Court

DANTE LOUIS, also known as JUSTICE DANTE 

LOUIS EL, 

Defendant/CrossDefendant/Appellant/CrossAppellee,

and 

ALVIA LOUIS EL,

LC No. 2017-000443-CK

Defendant-Appellant,

and

LAKE PARK MANAGEMENT, LLC,

Defendant/Counterplaintiff/CrossPlaintiff/Appellee/Cross-Appellant.

Before: SAWYER, P.J., and O’BRIEN and LETICA, JJ.

PER CURIAM.

In this interpleader action involving the distribution of case evaluation proceeds awarded 

in a related matter, Dante Louis and Alvia Louis El appeal as of right from an order granting 

partial summary disposition in favor of Lake Park Management, LLC. Lake Park cross-appeals 
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an order denying payment of its attorney fees from the interpleaded funds. We affirm in part, 

reverse in part, and remand for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

I. BACKGROUND

In 2007, Dante purchased a home located in Warren, Michigan for $175,000, subject to a 

$50,000 mortgage held by Metro Finance. Dante obtained a homeowner’s policy from Auto 

Club Group Insurance Company around the same time. The mortgage was later assigned by 

Metro Finance to Lake Park.

A fire subsequently occurred at the property in September 2014, at which time both 

Dante and Alvia, Dante’s father, were living in the home.1 After the fire, Dante submitted a 

claim for the dwelling damage, at replacement cost, for $287,719.33, a personal property claim 

of $29,724.21,

2 and various other coverage claims for a total claim of $321,927.25. On or about 

July 21, 2015, Auto Club denied the claim for several reasons. The Louises were later contacted 

by Randy Lesson, a Lake Park representative, seeking a report on the status of the claim. Lesson 

was informed that, despite Auto Club’s denial of the Louises’ claim, Lake Park could make a

separate claim for the amount of the mortgage debt at the time of the fire. According to Auto 

Club’s claim log, Lesson contacted Auto Club in October 2015 to make a claim for Lake Park. 

In the meantime, the Louises filed suit against Auto Club for wrongful denial of their claims in 

Macomb Circuit Court, Docket No. 2015-004248-CK (the underlying litigation). Lake Park was 

not a party to that lawsuit.

On February 12, 2016, Auto Club’s adjuster requested the issuance of a check payable to 

Lake Park for the purpose of satisfying the mortgage debt. The check was delayed because of a

dispute about the amount due at the time of the fire. The Louises contend that all parties were 

aware that Lake Park’s separate mortgage claim was being adjusted for eventual payment during 

the spring and summer of 2016.

On September 13, 2016, the underlying litigation was submitted to case evaluation, 

resulting in a $90,000 award that was mutually accepted by the Louises and Auto Club. Shortly 

thereafter, Auto Club issued a $90,000 check made payable to the Louises, their attorney, and 

Lake Park. When the Louises requested Auto Club issue a new check without Lake Park as a 

payee, Auto Club asserted that it was contractually obligated to include Lake Park. Auto Club 

contended, for the first time, that the case evaluation award included payment of Lake Park’s 

mortgage payoff claim. When the Louises’ counsel refused to accept the check because of Lake 

Park’s inclusion as a payee, Auto Club filed the instant interpleader action, naming the Louises 

and Lake Park as defendants. The trial court entered an order requiring Auto Club to deposit the 

$90,000 case evaluation award with the court and ordering Lake Park to file all cross-claims and 

counterclaims against any party within seven days.

 1 The insurance policy defined “Insured Persons” to include individuals named on the declaration 

certificate and any resident relative. Thus, both Dante, as the named insured, and Alvia, as a 

resident relative, were considered “Insured Persons” under the policy.

2 The Louises later claimed personal property loss in the amount of $113,054.43.
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Lake Park filed a cross-claim against Dante, alleging that Dante was in default under the 

mortgage and related note and had breached his contractual obligations in other respects. Lake 

Park sought a judgment against Dante in the amount of the mortgage indebtedness—then 

exceeding $52,600—and requested that the interpleaded funds be held in constructive trust for 

Lake Park’s benefit. Lake Park also filed a counterclaim against Auto Club for breach of 

contract on the basis of Auto Club’s failure to make payment to Lake Park in the amount of the 

mortgage balance at the time of the fire.

The parties eventually filed competing dispositive motions concerning their respective 

rights and the distribution of the interpleaded funds. At the hearing on the motions, the Louises 

argued that Lake Park had a separate claim for the mortgage debt, which remained pending 

throughout the underlying litigation and that, at the time of the case evaluation, “everybody 

understood” that the mortgage claim would be paid. The Louises maintained that if Lake Park’s 

mortgage claim had been considered in case evaluation, the evaluation recommendation would 

have been $50,000 higher. The trial court rejected the Louises’ argument, reasoning that Lake 

Park’s separate claim had not been paid and only existed contingent upon Auto Club not paying 

the Louises’ principal claim. The court further reasoned that once Auto Club paid the Louises, 

Lake Park’s separate claim disappeared so as to ensure that it could not recover twice. The 

Louises noted that their claim had not been limited to dwelling damages, but the trial court stated 

that whatever had been compromised through case evaluation, Auto Club was paying pursuant to 

the policy. The Louises requested an additional hearing to determine the allocation of the case 

evaluation award between the dwelling loss, personal property loss, alternative living expenses, 

attorneys, and public adjusters, but the trial court denied the request, stating,

No, of the—that’s between the Louis’s [sic] and how they divide their 

personal property loss versus their real property loss, . . . that’s up to them.

As far as the case evaluation award, the lien from the mortgage company 

is priority on the property and they are to be paid the principal, interest, late fee 

from the proceeds of the case evaluation, and they are discharged from this 

litigation, as is Auto Club.

The trial court entered three orders on August 7, 2017. The first order granted Lake 

Park’s motion for summary disposition in part, awarding Lake Park $54,450.30 and denying its 

request for attorney fees from the interpleaded funds. The second order granted Auto Club’s 

motion for summary disposition and dismissed it from the case. The third order denied the 

Louises’ motion for distribution of the case evaluation proceeds. The trial court also denied the 

Louises’ subsequent motion for reconsideration. The Louises filed their appeal and Lake Park 

filed their cross-appeal. The trial court subsequently held a hearing, after which it granted Lake 

Park $20,000 in attorney fees and $222.08 in costs, but reiterated that the attorney fees and costs 

were not payable from the interpleaded funds.
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II. STANDARDS OF REVIEW

This Court reviews de novo a trial court’s grant of summary disposition. Moraccini v 

Sterling Heights, 296 Mich App 387, 391; 822 NW2d 799 (2012). When a motion is granted 

under MCR 2.116(C)(10), this Court reviews the entire record in the light most favorable to the 

nonmoving party to determine if a genuine issue of material fact precluding judgment exists. 

Royal Prop Group, LLC v Prime Ins Syndicate, Inc, 267 Mich App 708, 713; 706 NW2d 426 

(2005). “A genuine issue of material fact exists when the record, giving the benefit of reasonable 

doubt to the opposing party, leaves open an issue upon which reasonable minds might differ.” 

Id. (quotation marks and citation omitted).

This Court also reviews de novo questions involving the proper interpretation or legal 

effect of a contractual clause, Rory v Continental Ins Co, 473 Mich 457, 464; 703 NW2d 23 

(2005), and the interpretation of an insurance policy. Royal Prop Group, 267 Mich App at 713. 

To ascertain the meaning of a contract, courts give the words in the contract “their plain and 

ordinary meaning that would be apparent to a reader of the instrument.” Rory, 473 Mich at 464. 

“[I]nsurance policies are subject to the same contract construction principles that apply to any 

other species of contract.” Id. at 461. 

III. DISTRIBUTION OF THE INTERPLEADED FUNDS

As an initial matter, we note that both Auto Club and Lake Park take issue with the fact 

that the Louises did not appeal the underlying litigation and, therefore, assert that the Louises are 

precluded from seeking most, if not all, of their requested relief in this case. “It is well

established in Michigan that, assuming competent jurisdiction, a party cannot use a second 

proceeding to attack a tribunal’s decision in a previous proceeding.” Workers’ Compensation 

Agency Dir v MacDonald’s Indus Prods, Inc (On Reconsideration), 305 Mich App 460, 474; 853 

NW2d 467 (2014). The underlying litigation was a separate action from which no appeal was 

taken. Consequently, we cannot consider the propriety of the case evaluation award or whether 

the award should have been set aside. 

Instead, although framed somewhat differently by the parties, the primary issue we are 

confronted with is whether the case evaluation award in the underlying litigation constituted a 

complete settlement of all claims for loss arising from the September 2014 fire—including Lake 

Park’s mortgage payoff claim—or whether the award was limited to insurance proceeds to which 

the Louises would be entitled. In CAM Constr v Lake Edgewood Condo Ass’n, 465 Mich 549,

555; 640 NW2d 256 (2002), our Supreme Court construed the court rules governing case 

evaluation and held that a litigant may not submit less than all of his or her claims to the case 

evaluation panel. Mutual acceptance of case evaluation resolves all of the litigants’ claims in the 

action and concludes the case as to those parties. Id. at 555-557. Thus, the respective 

entitlement of Lake Park and the Louises to the case evaluation proceeds turns on a 

determination of the party to whom the mortgage payoff claim belonged. To the extent that the 

mortgage payoff fell within the scope of claims the Louises could properly assert, their 

acceptance of the case evaluation recommendation effectively settled Lake Park’s right to 

recover from Auto Club directly. Lake Park would, therefore, be entitled to any portion of the 

award attributable to dwelling damage up to the balance of the mortgage debt. On the other 

hand, if Lake Park’s rights under the insurance policy belonged to it alone, the Louises 
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acceptance of the case evaluation award could not have settled a claim rightfully belonging to 

another party, and Lake Park would not be entitled to any portion of the case evaluation award.

The Louises assert that they are the sole beneficiaries of the interpleaded funds and that 

the trial court erred by permitting Dante’s outstanding mortgage balance to be paid to Lake Park 

from the interpleaded funds. Auto Club has asserted from the time it first issued the settlement 

check pursuant to the case evaluation award that, under the terms of the insurance policy, it was 

required to include Lake Park as a payee. Lake Park argues that it is entitled to the interpleaded 

funds because they constitute insurance proceeds or miscellaneous proceeds under the mortgage. 

The Louises contend that MCR 2.403 controls the outcome of this interpleader action, rather than 

either the insurance policy or the mortgage.

The Louises’ argument concerning MCR 2.403, the court rule governing case evaluation 

proceedings, is misplaced in light of the procedural posture of this appeal. As already noted, no 

appeal was taken from the underlying litigation. Thus, whether Auto Club could lawfully 

include Lake Park as a payee on the settlement check in that case is not an issue properly before 

this Court. Instead, we must accept that the Louises settled their insurance claim for $90,000 and 

focus on the proper distribution of the settlement proceeds in the interpleader action.

Under the terms of the mortgage, Dante agreed to keep the improvements on the property 

insured against loss by fire by procuring an insurance policy that included a standard mortgage 

clause. The mortgage further provided that, in the event of loss, “[i]f the restoration or repair is 

not economically feasible or Lender’s security would be lessened, the insurance proceeds shall 

be applied to the sums secured by this Security Instrument, whether or not then due, with the 

excess, if any, paid to Borrower.”3 As required by the mortgage, Dante secured an insurance 

policy from Auto Club containing the following clause:

Loss shall be payable to any mortgagee named on the Declaration 

Certificate to the extent of their interests and in the order of precedence. 

Mortgagee includes a trustee under a trust deed or a contract seller under a land 

contract.

 3 The mortgage calls for similar treatment of “Miscellaneous Proceeds,” meaning “any 

compensation, settlement, award of damages, or proceeds paid by any third party (other than 

insurance proceeds paid under the coverages described in Section 5) for: (i) damage to, or 

destruction of, the Property . . . .” Under § 11 of the mortgage, miscellaneous proceeds are 

assigned to the lender and, to the extent that the restoration or repair of the property is not 

economically feasible or the loss involved total destruction of the property, the miscellaneous 

proceeds are “applied to the sums secured by this Security Instrument, whether or not then due, 

with the excess, if any, paid to Borrower.” Given the common treatment of insurance proceeds 

and miscellaneous proceeds under the mortgage, we find the Louises’ attempt to distinguish the 

case evaluation award from “insurance proceeds” unpersuasive.
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We will:

a. protect the mortgagee’s interests in the insured building. This 

protection will not be invalided by any act or neglect of any

insured person, breach of warranty, increase in hazard, change of 

ownership, or foreclosure if the mortgagee has no knowledge of 

these conditions . . . .

The parties agree that the above-quoted provision constitutes what is commonly known 

as a standard mortgage clause. When a standard mortgage clause is included in an insurance 

commitment, courts treat the policy as involving two contracts of insurance, “one with the 

lienholder and the insurer and the other with the insured and the insurer.” Foremost Ins Co v 

Allstate Ins Co, 439 Mich 378, 384; 486 NW2d 600 (1992). The insurer agrees to insure a single 

property against specified losses and, through the standard mortgage clause, undertakes separate 

contractual duties governing to whom the proceeds of the policy are payable in the event of loss. 

Better Valu Homes, Inc v Preferred Mut Ins Co, 60 Mich App 315, 319; 230 NW2d 412 (1975). 

The standard mortgage clause “gives the proceeds to the mortgagee to the extent that they equal 

or are less than the mortgage indebtedness of the property, and it gives the mortgagee’s claims to 

the proceeds priority over the competing claims to them of the mortgagor . . . .” Id. “[I]n other 

words, the clause gives priority to insuring the mortgage debt.” Id. Furthermore, because the 

lienholder has separate and distinct contractual rights, “a lienholder is not subject to the 

exclusions available to the insurer against the insured,” and “the lienholder’s interest in the 

insured’s property will not be avoided by any acts, representations, or omissions of the insured.” 

Wells Fargo Bank, NA v Null, 304 Mich App 508, 524; 847 NW2d 657 (2014) (quotation marks 

and citations omitted).

In granting summary disposition in favor of Lake Park, the trial court reasoned that Lake 

Park’s claim under the standard mortgage clause was contingent upon Auto Club’s denial of 

benefits to the Louises. We disagree. Caselaw makes clear that the respective rights of the 

insured and the lienholder under an insurance policy containing a standard mortgage clause are 

distinct and separate. Foremost, 439 Mich at 384, 389; Wells Fargo Bank, 304 Mich App at 524; 

Better Valu Homes, 60 Mich App at 319. Accordingly, the Louises’ acceptance of case 

evaluation could not have settled Lake Park’s independent right to payment under the insurance 

policy. Indeed, “[t]he insurer’s payment of the existing mortgage balance satisfies its obligation 

to the mortgagee, while having no effect upon the insured’s claim.” Brown v Frankenmuth Mut 

Ins Co, 187 Mich App 375, 384; 468 NW2d 243 (1991), quoting Ramon v Farm Bureau Ins Co, 

184 Mich App 54, 67; 457 NW2d 90 (1990) (quotation marks omitted). Likewise, “the insured 

property owner has no claim to the portion of the insurance proceeds attributable to the unpaid 

balance of the mortgage . . . .” Ramon, 184 Mich App at 67. For that reason, when an insurer 

issues payment to a mortgagee while denying the claim of the insured, the insurer is entitled to 

set off the amount paid to the mortgagee in the event it is subsequently determined that the 

insured is entitled to recover for damage to the property. Brown, 187 Mich App at 384.

Notwithstanding an insurer’s general setoff rights, Auto Club is not entitled to a setoff 

under the unique circumstances of this case. In Ramon, 184 Mich App at 57, the plaintiffs 

obtained an insurance policy from the defendant insurer protecting their residence, personal 

property, farm personal property, and barn against loss by fire. The policy also afforded 
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protection under a standard mortgage clause to an entity that held liens against the barn and farm 

personal property. Id. at 57, 66-67. The defendant issued a second policy insuring the plaintiffs’ 

motor vehicle, which similarly protected the interest of a lienholder. Id. at 57. After a fire 

caused damage to the plaintiffs’ barn, personal property, and vehicle, the defendant denied the 

plaintiffs’ claims on the basis of suspected arson and fraud, but made payments to the lienholders 

in satisfaction of their respective interests in the damaged property. Id. at 57-58. This Court 

later determined that the plaintiff wife was not barred from receiving insurance proceeds under 

the fire policy on the basis of her husband’s alleged wrongdoing. Id. at 62-66. We further held 

that the defendant could not set off amounts paid to a lienholder under the automobile insurance 

policy against the amounts owed to the innocent plaintiff under the fire policy. Id. 67-68. The 

vehicle was specifically excluded from the fire policy, such that the automobile lienholder was 

not entitled to insurance proceeds under that policy. Id. The defendant could, however, set off 

the amount paid to the automobile lienholder against any excess proceeds due to the innocent 

plaintiff under the separate motor vehicle policy. Id. We gather from this result that the 

insurer’s setoff rights are limited to payments compensating for the same insured loss.

In pertinent part, § 5 of Dante’s mortgage agreement with Lake Park provided:

Property Insurance. Borrower shall keep the improvements now existing 

or hereafter erected on the Property insured against loss by fire . . . and any other 

hazards including, but not limited to, earthquakes and floods, for which Lender 

requires insurance. This insurance shall be maintained in the amounts (including 

deductible levels) and for the periods that Lender requires. . . .

* * *

All insurance policies required by Lender and renewals of such 

policies . . . shall include a standard mortgage clause, and shall name Lender as 

mortgagee and/or as an additional loss payee. . . . If Borrower obtains any form 

of insurance coverage, not otherwise required by Lender, for damage to, or 

destruction of, the Property, such policy shall include a standard mortgage clause 

and shall name Lender as mortgagee and/or as an additional loss payee.

In the event of loss, Borrower shall give prompt notice to the insurance 

carrier and Lender. . . . If the restoration or repair is not economically feasible or 

Lender’s security would be lessened, the insurance proceeds shall be applied to 

the sums secured by this Security Instrument, whether or not then due, with the 

excess, if any, paid to Borrower. Such insurance proceeds shall be applied in the 

order provided for in Section 2. [Emphasis added.]

The mortgage also defined the term “Property” by reference to a legal description for Dante’s 

Warren property, together with “all the improvements now or hereafter erected on the 

property . . . .” Under the plain language of these provisions, Dante was only obligated to obtain 

insurance covering damage to the real property and its improvements. Similarly, under the 

insurance policy, loss was payable to Lake Park as the mortgagee only “to the extent of [its] 

interests,” and the mortgage only granted Lake Park a security interest in the real property and 

improvements. Thus, Lake Park’s entitlement to insurance proceeds did not extend to money 
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paid by Auto Club for the Louises’ other types of losses, namely, loss of personal property and 

alternative living expenses. To the extent that the case evaluation award included amounts for 

anything other than loss of the real property and improvements, i.e., dwelling loss, Lake Park 

could not claim priority over those funds.

The case evaluation award, however, makes no distinction as to the losses for which 

payment would be made. Moreover, “[t]he work product and case files of a mediator or center 

and communications relating to the subject matter of the dispute made during the dispute 

resolution process by a party, mediator, or other person are confidential,” MCL 691.1557(1), and 

the court rules provide that case evaluation briefs and summaries, as well as statements of the 

attorneys in the context of case evaluation, are inadmissible in any court or evidentiary 

proceeding, MCR 2.403(J)(4). See also Kitchen v Kitchen, 231 Mich App 15, 19-20; 585 NW2d 

47 (1998) (discussing limited exceptions to general inadmissibility of case evaluation 

summaries). Given the general inadmissibility of evidence regarding case evaluation 

proceedings and the parties’ failure to waive the confidentiality of those proceedings, see MCL 

691.1557(1)(a), Kitchen, 231 Mich App at 20, there is little, if any, evidence from which it can 

be determined whether any, all, or none of the case evaluation award was intended as 

compensation for the dwelling loss. Because it is impossible to determine on the basis of 

anything more than speculation what portion of the award was attributable to dwelling loss, Auto 

Club is not entitled to set off any payment it may be obligated to make to Lake Park against the 

mutually accepted case evaluation award.

We disagree with the notion that Dante, as the insured, bore the burden to make certain 

any award indicated whether it included money for the dwelling loss. Admittedly, as the 

mortgagor, Dante was ultimately responsible for payment of the promissory note secured by the 

mortgage. But it does not follow from that reality that Dante was required to ensure Lake Park’s 

rights under the separate contract between Lake Park and Auto Club were protected, though such 

action would have been prudent in order to avoid the risk of remaining liable for the mortgage 

debt should Auto Club lawfully refuse payment to Lake Park. Auto Club, on the other hand, 

undertook a contractual obligation to make loss payable to Dante’s mortgagee, Lake Park, to the 

extent of its interest. And for the reasons already explained, Auto Club could not satisfy this 

obligation by simply adding Lake Park as a payee on a settlement check issued to the Louises 

where there is no indication regarding the allocation of the award between dwelling loss, 

personal property loss, and alternative living expenses. 

Furthermore, it is noteworthy that Auto Club had been in the process of adjusting and 

issuing payment on Lake Park’s claim for months preceding the submission of the Louises’ 

claim to case evaluation. Although the Louises’ counsel communicated with a representative of 

Lake Park regarding the status of Lake Park’s claim throughout the underlying litigation, the 

Louises were not directly involved in the adjustment process, leaving Auto Club in a far superior 

position to know if and when the claim would be processed and to advise the case evaluation 

panel of any associated setoff right Auto Club might have had. If Auto Club was concerned 
-9-

about the risk of exposure to duplicative liability for dwelling loss,

4 it should have moved for 

leave to make Lake Park a party to the underlying litigation or made certain that the case 

evaluation panel took Auto Club’s setoff right into account in reaching the recommended award.

Because we conclude that the mutually accepted case evaluation award did not include 

Lake Park’s separate mortgage payoff claim and that Auto Club is not entitled to set off any 

payment it may be required to make to Lake Park pursuant to the standard mortgage clause, the 

trial court erred by granting summary disposition in favor of Auto Club and Lake Park and 

ordering that the mortgage balance be paid from the interpleaded funds. We therefore reverse 

the trial court’s orders granting such relief and remand for further proceedings consistent with 

this opinion with respect to Lake Park’s cross-claim against Dante and counterclaim against 

Auto Club. Having determined for the foregoing reasons that the Louises are entitled to the 

entirety of the interpleaded funds, subject to the charging lien of their counsel, we need not 

address the Louises’ remaining claims of error.

IV. LAKE PARK’S CROSS APPEAL

On cross-appeal, Lake Park argues that the trial court erred by refusing to direct payment 

of Lake Park’s attorney fees and costs from the interpleaded funds because, under the terms of 

the mortgage, the costs incurred by Lake Park to protect its interest in the secured property 

became part of the secured debt and, therefore, payable from insurance or miscellaneous 

proceeds. We disagree.

“Under the ‘American rule,’ attorney fees are not recoverable as an element of costs or 

damages unless expressly allowed by statute, court rule, common-law exception, or contract.” 

Reed v Reed, 265 Mich App 131, 164; 693 NW2d 825 (2005). Lake Park moved for payment of 

its attorney fees by the Louises in reliance on § 9 of the mortgage, which provides, in pertinent 

part, as follows:

Protection of Lender’s Interest in the Property and Rights Under this 

Security Instrument. If (a) Borrower fails to perform the covenants and 

agreements contained in this Security Instrument, (b) there is a legal proceeding 

that might significantly affect Lender’s interest in the Property and/or rights under 

this Security Instrument . . ., or (c) Borrower has abandoned the Property, then 

Lender may do and pay for whatever is reasonable or appropriate to protect 

Lender’s interest in the Property and rights under this Security Instrument, 

including protecting and/or assessing the value of the Property, and securing 

and/or repairing the Property. Lender’s actions can include, but are not limited 

to: . . . (b) appearing in court; and (c) paying reasonable attorneys’ fees to protect 

its interest in the Property and/or rights under this Security Instrument . . . .

 4 We further note that even if we were to assume that the entire $90,000 case evaluation award 

was attributable to dwelling loss and that Auto Club remained obligated to pay the approximately 

$50,000 balance of the mortgage as of the date of loss, Auto Club’s total payment for dwelling 

loss would still be well below the $199,200 policy limit applicable to dwelling loss.
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Any amounts disbursed by Lender under this Section 9 shall become 

additional debt of Borrower secured by this Security Instrument. These amounts 

shall bear interest at the Note rate and from the date of disbursement and shall be 

payable, with such interest, upon notice from Lender to Borrower requesting 

payment.

As Lake Park observed in its briefing before this Court, the Louises have not appealed the trial 

court’s award of $20,000 in attorney fees and $222.08 in costs in favor of Lake Park. 

Accordingly, we will not review the trial court’s award of attorney fees and costs or 

determination as to the reasonableness of the amount awarded, and our conclusion regarding the 

proper distribution of the interpleaded funds does not affect the trial court’s order concerning 

attorney fees.

However, our disposition of the primary appeal demonstrates that Lake Park is not 

entitled to relief in connection with its cross-appeal. As explained earlier in this opinion, Lake 

Park’s claim to insurance proceeds is superior to that of the Louises to the extent of its interest in 

the secured property, but only as it relates to insurance proceeds attributable to loss to the 

“property,” i.e., the real property and improvements. Because the case evaluation award is 

ambiguous regarding what, if any, portion of the award is attributable to the Louises’ dwelling 

loss claim, Lake Park has no direct right to receive the case evaluation award in satisfaction of 

the secured debt, including any amounts that became payable under § 9.

The mortgage also provides that “[a]ll Miscellaneous Proceeds are hereby assigned to and 

shall be paid to Lender.” Like its treatment of insurance proceeds, the mortgage further states 

that “[i]f the restoration or repair [of the damaged property] is not economically feasible or 

Lender’s security would be lessened, the Miscellaneous Proceeds shall be applied to the sums 

secured by this Security Instrument, whether or not then due, with the excess, if any, paid to 

Borrower.” But again, the manner in which the mortgage defines the relevant term belies Lake 

Park’s position. According to the mortgage, 

‘Miscellaneous Proceeds” means any compensation, settlement, award of 

damages, or proceeds paid by any third party (other than the insurance proceeds 

paid under the coverages described in Section 5) for: (i) damage to, or destruction 

of the Property; (ii) condemnation or other taking of all or any part of the

Property; (iii) conveyance in lieu of condemnation; or (iv) misrepresentations of, 

or omissions as to, the value and/or condition of the Property.

If not considered insurance proceeds, the only form of compensation, settlement, award, or 

proceeds that could arguably be involved in this case would be payment for “damage to, or 

destruction of the Property[.]” But for the reasons already explained, the ambiguous case 

evaluation award is not clearly attributable to the Louises’ dwelling loss. As such, it does not 

fall within the scope of miscellaneous proceeds as defined by the mortgage. We therefore affirm 

the trial court’s ruling that Lake Park could not recover the awarded attorney fees and costs from 

the interpleaded funds.
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IV. CONCLUSION

In sum, the case evaluation award mutually accepted by the Louises and Auto Club did 

not include Lake Park’s separate mortgage payoff claim, and Auto Club is not entitled to set off 

any payment it may be required to make to Lake Park pursuant to the standard mortgage clause. 

We reverse the trial court’s orders granting summary disposition in favor of Auto Club and Lake 

Park and ordering payment of the mortgage balance from the interpleaded funds. We affirm the 

trial court’s order granting Lake Park attorney fees and costs.

Affirmed in part, reversed in part, and remanded for further proceedings consistent with 

this opinion. We do not retain jurisdiction.

/s/ David H. Sawyer

/s/ Colleen A. O’Brien 

/s/ Anica Letica