This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER

contains regulatory documents having general

applicability and legal effect, most of which

are keyed to and codified in the Code of

Federal Regulations, which is published under

50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510.

The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by

the Superintendent of Documents.

Rules and Regulations Federal Register

84457 

Vol. 89, No. 205 

Wednesday, October 23, 2024 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 39 

[Docket No. FAA–2024–2412; Project 

Identifier AD–2024–00535–T; Amendment 

39–22868; AD 2024–21–01] 

RIN 2120–AA64 

Airworthiness Directives; The Boeing 

Company Airplanes 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Final rule; request for 

comments. 

SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new 

airworthiness directive (AD) for all The 

Boeing Company Model 717–200 

airplanes. This AD was prompted by a 

report of cracks found in the rear spar 

lower cap forward leg and lower aft skin 

of the right wing, during investigation of 

a fuel leak. This AD requires repetitive 

inspections for any fuel leak or crack of 

the lower aft skins, external doublers, 

and rear spar lower caps of the left and 

right wings, and corrective actions and 

inspection reports if necessary. The 

FAA is issuing this AD to address the 

unsafe condition on these products. 

DATES: This AD is effective November 7, 

2024. 

The Director of the Federal Register 

approved the incorporation by reference 

of a certain publication listed in this AD 

as of November 7, 2024. 

The FAA must receive comments on 

this AD by December 9, 2024. 

ADDRESSES: You may send comments, 

using the procedures found in 14 CFR 

11.43 and 11.45, by any of the following 

methods: 

• Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to 

regulations.gov. Follow the instructions 

for submitting comments. 

• Fax: 202–493–2251. 

• Mail: U.S. Department of 

Transportation, Docket Operations, M– 

30, West Building Ground Floor, Room 

W12–140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, 

Washington, DC 20590. 

• Hand Delivery: Deliver to Mail 

address above between 9 a.m. and 5 

p.m., Monday through Friday, except 

Federal holidays. 

AD Docket: You may examine the AD 

docket at regulations.gov under Docket 

No. FAA–2024–2412; or in person at 

Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 

5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except 

Federal holidays. The AD docket 

contains this final rule, any comments 

received, and other information. The 

street address for Docket Operations is 

listed above. 

Material Incorporated by Reference: 

• For Boeing material identified in 

this AD, contact Boeing Commercial 

Airplanes, Attention: Contractual & Data 

Services (C&DS), 2600 Westminster 

Blvd., MC 110–SK57, Seal Beach, CA 

90740–5600; telephone 562–797–1717; 

website myboeingfleet.com. 

• You may view this material at the 

FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, 

Operational Safety Branch, 2200 South 

216th St., Des Moines, WA. For 

information on the availability of this 

material at the FAA, call 206–231–3195. 

It is also available at regulations.gov 

under Docket No. FAA–2024–2412. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Wayne Ha, Aviation Safety Engineer, 

FAA, 2200 South 216th St., Des Moines, 

WA 98198; phone: 562–627–5238; 

email: Wayne.Ha@faa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Comments Invited 

The FAA invites you to send any 

written data, views, or arguments about 

this final rule. Send your comments to 

an address listed under the ADDRESSES

section. Include Docket No. FAA–2024– 

2412 and Project Identifier AD–2024– 

00535–T at the beginning of your 

comments. The most helpful comments 

reference a specific portion of the final 

rule, explain the reason for any 

recommended change, and include 

supporting data. The FAA will consider 

all comments received by the closing 

date and may amend this final rule 

because of those comments. 

Except for Confidential Business 

Information (CBI) as described in the 

following paragraph, and other 

information as described in 14 CFR 

11.35, the FAA will post all comments 

received, without change, to 

regulations.gov, including any personal 

information you provide. The agency 

will also post a report summarizing each 

substantive verbal contact received 

about this final rule. 

Confidential Business Information 

CBI is commercial or financial 

information that is both customarily and 

actually treated as private by its owner. 

Under the Freedom of Information Act 

(FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552), CBI is exempt 

from public disclosure. If your 

comments responsive to this AD contain 

commercial or financial information 

that is customarily treated as private, 

that you actually treat as private, and 

that is relevant or responsive to this AD, 

it is important that you clearly designate 

the submitted comments as CBI. Please 

mark each page of your submission 

containing CBI as ‘‘PROPIN.’’ The FAA 

will treat such marked submissions as 

confidential under the FOIA, and they 

will not be placed in the public docket 

of this AD. Submissions containing CBI 

should be sent to Wayne Ha, Aviation 

Safety Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th 

St., Des Moines, WA 98198; phone: 

562–627–5238; email: Wayne.Ha@

faa.gov. Any commentary that the FAA 

receives that is not specifically 

designated as CBI will be placed in the 

public docket for this rulemaking. 

Background 

The FAA has received a report 

indicating that, during investigation of a 

fuel leak, a crack was found in the rear 

spar lower cap forward leg of the right 

wing. Subsequent inspections revealed 

multiple cracks in the wing lower aft 

skin in the same general area as the 

cracks found in the spar cap, including 

one approximately 7 inches in length 

that is not capable of sustaining a limit 

load event. This condition, if not 

addressed, could lead to reduced 

structural integrity of the airplane and 

loss of control of the airplane, which 

could result in a catastrophic event. The 

FAA is issuing this AD to address the 

unsafe condition on these products. 

FAA’s Determination 

The FAA is issuing this AD because 

the agency has determined the unsafe 

condition described previously is likely 

to exist or develop in other products of 

the same type design. 


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84458 Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 205 / Wednesday, October 23, 2024 / Rules and Regulations 

Material Incorporated by Reference 

Under 1 CFR Part 51 

The FAA reviewed Boeing Multi 

Operator Message MOM–MOM–24– 

0482–01B, dated September 13, 2024. 

This material specifies procedures for 

repetitive general visual inspections of 

the lower aft skins and external 

doublers of the left and right wings for 

any fuel leak; repetitive general visual 

inspections of the rear spar lower caps 

of the left and right wings for any fuel 

leak; repetitive surface eddy current 

high frequency inspections of the rear 

spar lower caps of the left and right 

wings for any crack; repetitive surface 

eddy current high frequency inspections 

of the lower aft skins of the left and right 

wings for any crack; and obtaining and 

following approved repair instructions 

if any fuel leak or crack is detected 

during any inspection. This material is 

reasonably available because the 

interested parties have access to it 

through their normal course of business 

or by the means identified in the 

ADDRESSES section. 

AD Requirements 

This AD requires accomplishing the 

actions specified in the material already 

described. This AD also requires 

sending the inspection results to the 

airplane manufacturer if any crack or 

fuel leak is found during any inspection. 

Interim Action 

The FAA considers this AD to be an 

interim action. If final action is later 

identified, the FAA might consider 

further rulemaking then. 

Justification for Immediate Adoption 

and Determination of the Effective Date 

Section 553(b) of the Administrative 

Procedure Act (APA) (5 U.S.C. 551 et 

seq.) authorizes agencies to dispense 

with notice and comment procedures 

for rules when the agency, for ‘‘good 

cause,’’ finds that those procedures are 

‘‘impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary 

to the public interest.’’ Under this 

section, an agency, upon finding good 

cause, may issue a final rule without 

providing notice and seeking comment 

prior to issuance. Further, section 

553(d) of the APA authorizes agencies to 

make rules effective in less than thirty 

days, upon a finding of good cause. 

An unsafe condition exists that 

requires the immediate adoption of this 

AD without providing an opportunity 

for public comments prior to adoption. 

The FAA has found that the risk to the 

flying public justifies forgoing notice 

and comment prior to adoption of this 

rule because the existing maintenance 

program may not be sufficient to detect 

a crack before it reaches a critical length 

since it could occur in an area covered 

by the external doubler. Such cracks in 

the wing rear spar lower caps and lower 

aft skin are not capable of sustaining a 

limit load event. This unsafe condition, 

if not addressed, could lead to reduced 

structural integrity of the airplane and 

loss of control of the airplane, which 

could result in a catastrophic event. 

Accordingly, notice and opportunity for 

prior public comment are impracticable 

and contrary to the public interest 

pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553(b). 

The compliance time in this AD is 

shorter than the time necessary for the 

public to comment and for publication 

of the final rule. In addition, the FAA 

finds that good cause exists pursuant to 

5 U.S.C. 553(d) for making this 

amendment effective in less than 30 

days, for the same reasons the FAA 

found good cause to forgo notice and 

comment. 

Regulatory Flexibility Act 

The requirements of the Regulatory 

Flexibility Act (RFA) do not apply when 

an agency finds good cause pursuant to 

5 U.S.C. 553 to adopt a rule without 

prior notice and comment. Because the 

FAA has determined that it has good 

cause to adopt this rule without notice 

and comment, RFA analysis is not 

required. 

Costs of Compliance 

The FAA estimates that this AD 

affects 118 airplanes of U.S. registry. 

The FAA estimates the following costs 

to comply with this AD: 

ESTIMATED COSTS

Action Labor cost Parts cost Cost per product Cost on U.S. operators 

Repetitive Inspections .... 27 work-hours × $85 per hour = $2,295 per 

inspection cycle.

$0 $2,295 per inspection 

cycle.

$270,810 per inspection 

cycle. 

The FAA estimates the following 

costs to do any necessary reporting that 

would be required based on the results 

of the inspections. The FAA has no way 

of determining the number of aircraft 

that might need this reporting: 

ON-CONDITION COSTS

Action Labor cost Parts cost Cost per product 

Reporting .......... 1 work-hour × $85 per hour = $85 per inspection cycle ................................ $0 $85 per inspection cycle. 

The FAA has received no definitive 

data on which to base the cost estimates 

for the on-condition repairs specified in 

this AD. 

Paperwork Reduction Act 

A federal agency may not conduct or 

sponsor, and a person is not required to 

respond to, nor shall a person be subject 

to a penalty for failure to comply with 

a collection of information subject to the 

requirements of the Paperwork 

Reduction Act unless that collection of 

information displays a currently valid 

OMB Control Number. The OMB 

Control Number for this information 

collection is 2120–0056. Public 

reporting for this collection of 

information is estimated to take 

approximately 1 hour per response, 

including the time for reviewing 

instructions, searching existing data 

sources, gathering and maintaining the 

data needed, and completing and 

reviewing the collection of information. 

All responses to this collection of 

information are mandatory. Send 

comments regarding this burden 

estimate or any other aspect of this 

collection of information, including 

suggestions for reducing this burden, to: 

Information Collection Clearance 

Officer, Federal Aviation 

Administration, 10101 Hillwood 

Parkway, Fort Worth, TX 76177–1524. 

Authority for This Rulemaking 

Title 49 of the United States Code 

specifies the FAA’s authority to issue 


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Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 205 / Wednesday, October 23, 2024 / Rules and Regulations 84459 

rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, 

section 106, describes the authority of 

the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: 

Aviation Programs describes in more 

detail the scope of the Agency’s 

authority. 

The FAA is issuing this rulemaking 

under the authority described in 

Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 

44701: General requirements. Under 

that section, Congress charges the FAA 

with promoting safe flight of civil 

aircraft in air commerce by prescribing 

regulations for practices, methods, and 

procedures the Administrator finds 

necessary for safety in air commerce. 

This regulation is within the scope of 

that authority because it addresses an 

unsafe condition that is likely to exist or 

develop on products identified in this 

rulemaking action. 

Regulatory Findings 

This AD will not have federalism 

implications under Executive Order 

13132. This AD will not have a 

substantial direct effect on the States, on 

the relationship between the national 

government and the States, or on the 

distribution of power and 

responsibilities among the various 

levels of government. 

For the reasons discussed above, I 

certify that this AD: 

(1) Is not a ‘‘significant regulatory 

action’’ under Executive Order 12866, 

and 

(2) Will not affect intrastate aviation 

in Alaska. 

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 

Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation 

safety, Incorporation by reference, 

Safety. 

The Amendment 

Accordingly, under the authority 

delegated to me by the Administrator, 

the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as 

follows: 

PART 39—AIRWORTHINESS 

DIRECTIVES 

■ 1. The authority citation for part 39 

continues to read as follows: 

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. 

§ 39.13 [Amended] 

■ 2. The FAA amends § 39.13 by adding 

the following new airworthiness 

directive: 

2024–21–01 The Boeing Company: 

Amendment 39–22868; Docket No. 

FAA–2024–2412; Project Identifier AD– 

2024–00535–T. 

(a) Effective Date 

This airworthiness directive (AD) is 

effective November 7, 2024. 

(b) Affected ADs 

None. 

(c) Applicability 

This AD applies to all The Boeing 

Company Model 717–200 airplanes, 

certificated in any category. 

(d) Subject 

Air Transport Association (ATA) of 

America Code 57, Wings. 

(e) Unsafe Condition 

This AD was prompted by cracks found in 

the rear spar lower cap forward leg and lower 

aft skin of the right wing, during 

investigation of a fuel leak. The FAA is 

issuing this AD to address cracks in the wing 

rear spar lower caps and lower aft skins that 

are not capable of sustaining a limit load 

event. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, 

could lead to reduced structural integrity of 

the airplane and loss of control of the 

airplane, which could result in a catastrophic 

event. 

(f) Compliance 

Comply with this AD within the 

compliance times specified, unless already 

done. 

(g) Required Actions 

Except as specified by paragraph (h) of this 

AD: At the applicable times specified in table 

1 or table 2 of Boeing Multi Operator Message 

MOM–MOM–24–0482–01B, dated September 

13, 2024, do all applicable actions identified 

in, and in accordance with, table 1 or table 

2 of Boeing Multi Operator Message MOM– 

MOM–24–0482–01B, dated September 13, 

2024. 

Note 1 to paragraph (g): Additional 

guidance for accomplishing the actions 

required by paragraph (g) of this AD can be 

found in Boeing Multi Operator Message 

MOM–MOM–24–0484–01B, dated September 

16, 2024. 

(h) Exceptions to Boeing Multi Operator 

Message Specifications 

(1) Where table 1 and table 2 of Boeing 

Multi Operator Message MOM–MOM–24– 

0482–01B, dated September 13, 2024, refer to 

the ‘‘issue date of this Alert MOM,’’ this AD 

requires using the effective date of this AD. 

(2) Where table 1 and table 2 of Boeing 

Multi Operator Message MOM–MOM–24– 

0482–01B, dated September 13, 2024, specify 

contacting Boeing for repair instructions, this 

AD requires repair using a method approved 

in accordance with the procedures specified 

in paragraph (j) of this AD. 

(3) Where table 1 and table 2 of Boeing 

Multi Operator Message MOM–MOM–24– 

0482–01B, dated September 13, 2024, specify 

inspecting the ‘‘wing lower aft skins for any 

fuel leak,’’ this AD requires replacing that 

text with ‘‘wing lower aft skins and doublers 

for any fuel leak.’’ 

(i) On-Condition Report 

If any crack or fuel leak is found during 

any inspection required by paragraph (g) of 

this AD, at the applicable time specified in 

paragraph (i)(1) or (2) of this AD, submit a 

report of positive findings to The Boeing 

Company via the Boeing Communication 

System (BCS). The report must include the 

crack size, crack location, and fuel leak 

location, as applicable. 

(1) If the inspection was done on or after 

the effective date of this AD: Submit the 

report within 10 days after the inspection. 

(2) If the inspection was done before the 

effective date of this AD: Submit the report 

within 10 days after the effective date of this 

AD. 

(j) Alternative Methods of Compliance 

(AMOCs) 

(1) The Manager, AIR–520, Continued 

Operational Safety Branch, FAA, has the 

authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if 

requested using the procedures found in 14 

CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, 

send your request to your principal inspector 

or responsible Flight Standards Office, as 

appropriate. If sending information directly 

to the manager of the certification office, 

send it to the attention of the person 

identified in paragraph (k)(1) of this AD. 

Information may be emailed to: AMOC@

faa.gov. 

(2) Before using any approved AMOC, 

notify your appropriate principal inspector, 

or lacking a principal inspector, the manager 

of the responsible Flight Standards Office. 

(3) An AMOC that provides an acceptable 

level of safety may be used for any repair, 

modification, or alteration required by this 

AD if it is approved by The Boeing Company 

Organization Designation Authorization 

(ODA) that has been authorized by the 

Manager, AIR–520, Continued Operational 

Safety Branch, FAA, to make those findings. 

To be approved, the repair method, 

modification deviation, or alteration 

deviation must meet the certification basis of 

the airplane, and the approval must 

specifically refer to this AD. 

(k) Related Information 

(1) For more information about this AD, 

contact Wayne Ha, Aviation Safety Engineer, 

FAA, 2200 South 216th St., Des Moines, WA 

98198; phone: 562–627–5238; email: 

Wayne.Ha@faa.gov. 

(2) Material identified in this AD that is not 

incorporated by reference is available at the 

address specified in paragraph (l)(3) of this 

AD. 

(l) Material Incorporated by Reference 

(1) The Director of the Federal Register 

approved the incorporation by reference of 

the material listed in this paragraph under 5 

U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. 

(2) You must use this material as 

applicable to do the actions required by this 

AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise. 

(i) Boeing Multi Operator Message MOM– 

MOM–24–0482–01B, dated September 13, 

2024. 

(ii) [Reserved] 

(3) For Boeing material identified in this 

AD, contact Boeing Commercial Airplanes, 

Attention: Contractual & Data Services 

(C&DS), 2600 Westminster Blvd., MC 110– 

SK57, Seal Beach, CA 90740–5600; telephone 

562–797–1717; website myboeingfleet.com. 

(4) You may view this material at the FAA, 

Airworthiness Products Section, Operational 

Safety Branch, 2200 South 216th St., Des 

Moines, WA. For information on the 


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84460 Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 205 / Wednesday, October 23, 2024 / Rules and Regulations 

availability of this material at the FAA, call 

206–231–3195. 

(5) You may view this material at the 

National Archives and Records 

Administration (NARA). For information on 

the availability of this material at NARA, 

visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ 

ibr-locations or email fr.inspection@nara.gov. 

Issued on October 9, 2024. 

Peter A. White, 

Deputy Director, Integrated Certificate 

Management Division, Aircraft Certification 

Service. 

[FR Doc. 2024–24443 Filed 10–21–24; 11:15 am] 

BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Bureau of Industry and Security 

15 CFR Part 744 

[Docket No. 241010–0270] 

RIN 0694–AJ80 

Addition of Entities, Revision of an 

Entry, and Removal of Entries on the 

Entity List 

AGENCY: Bureau of Industry and 

Security, Department of Commerce. 

ACTION: Final rule. 

SUMMARY: In this final rule, the Bureau 

of Industry and Security (BIS) amends 

the Export Administration Regulations 

(EAR) by adding 26 entries to the Entity 

List, under the destinations of the 

People’s Republic of China (China), 

Egypt, Pakistan, and the United Arab 

Emirates (UAE) and modifies one 

existing entry under the destination of 

China. This rule also removes two 

entities from the entity list: one entity 

listed under the destination of China, 

and a second entity listed under the 

destinations of Canada, India, Japan, 

Malaysia, Sweden and the UAE. 

DATES: This rule is effective October 23, 

2024. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Chair, End-User Review Committee, 

Office of the Assistant Secretary for 

Export Administration, Bureau of 

Industry and Security, Department of 

Commerce, Phone: (202) 482–5991, 

Email: ERC@bis.doc.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Background 

The Entity List (supplement no. 4 to 

part 744 of the EAR (15 CFR parts 730– 

774)) identifies entities for which there 

is reasonable cause to believe, based on 

specific and articulable facts, that the 

entities have been involved, are 

involved, or pose a significant risk of 

being or becoming involved in activities 

contrary to the national security or 

foreign policy interests of the United 

States, pursuant to § 744.11(b). The EAR 

impose additional license requirements 

on, and limit the availability of, most 

license exceptions for exports, 

reexports, and transfers (in-country) 

when a listed entity is a party to the 

transaction. The license review policy 

for each listed entity is identified in the 

‘‘License Review Policy’’ column on the 

Entity List, and the impact on the 

availability of license exceptions, if 

applicable, is described in the relevant 

Federal Register document that added 

the entity to the Entity List. BIS places 

entities on the Entity List pursuant to 

parts 744 (Control Policy: End-User and 

End-Use Based) and 746 (Embargoes 

and Other Special Controls) of the EAR. 

The End-User Review Committee 

(ERC), composed of representatives of 

the Departments of Commerce (Chair), 

State, Defense, Energy and, where 

appropriate, the Treasury, makes all 

decisions regarding additions to, 

removals from, or other modifications to 

the Entity List. The ERC makes all 

decisions to add an entry to the Entity 

List by majority vote and makes all 

decisions to remove or modify an entry 

by unanimous vote. 

The Export Control Reform Act 

(ECRA) (codified, as amended, at 50 

U.S.C. 4801–4852) provides the legal 

basis for BIS’s principal authorities and 

serves as the authority under which BIS 

issues this rule. Section 1753(a) of 

ECRA (50 U.S.C. 4812) authorizes the 

regulation of ‘‘(1) the export, reexport, 

and in-country transfer of items subject 

to the jurisdiction of the United States, 

whether by United States persons or by 

foreign persons.’’ Section 1754(a) of 

ECRA (50 U.S.C. 4813) authorizes, inter 

alia, establishing and maintaining a list 

of foreign persons and end-uses that are 

determined to be a threat to the national 

security and foreign policy of the United 

States pursuant to the policy set forth in 

Section 1752(2)(A) of ECRA, and 

restricting exports, reexports, and incountry transfers of any controlled items 

to any foreign person or end-use so 

listed. The changes being made in this 

final rule are needed for the regulation 

of exports, reexports, and transfers (incountry) of items subject to U.S. 

jurisdiction to foreign persons that have 

been determined to be involved in 

activities that are contrary to the 

national security and foreign policy 

interests of the United States. 

Entity List Decisions 

Additions to the Entity List 

The ERC determined to add Beijing 

Moreget Creative Technology Co., Ltd., 

under the destination of China, to the 

Entity List. This entity is being added 

for acquiring and attempting to acquire 

U.S.-origin items related to aviation 

simulation technology in support of 

China’s military modernization. In 

addition, the ERC determined to add 

Shenzhen Dragonfly Supply Chain Co., 

Ltd. (Shenzhen Dragonfly) and Small 

Leopard Electronics Co., Limited (Small 

Leopard), under the destination of 

China, to the Entity List. Small Leopard 

Electronics was party to a transaction 

with an end user now understood to be 

a supplier of goods to an Iranian 

procurement network. Small Leopard, 

along with the closely connected 

company Shenzhen Dragonfly, is being 

added because Small Leopard 

repeatedly engaged in dilatory and 

evasive conduct in providing 

information to the U.S. Department of 

Commerce during end-use checks, 

including after being added to the 

Unverified List. These activities are 

contrary to U.S. national security and 

foreign policy interests under § 744.11 

of the EAR. 

The ERC also determined to add 

Detail Technology (HK) Limited, L-Tong 

Electronic Technology Company, and 

Shenzhen Jiachuang Weiye Technology 

Company, Ltd., all under the destination 

of China, to the Entity List. These 

additions are being made on the basis of 

actions and activities that are contrary 

to the national security and foreign 

policy interests of the United States. 

Specifically, these companies have 

procured and/or attempted to procure 

U.S-origin items for Iran’s weapons of 

mass destruction (WMD) and unmanned 

aerial vehicle (UAV) programs. This 

activity is contrary to the national 

security and foreign policy interests of 

the United States under § 744.11 of the 

EAR. 

The ERC determined to add Ansar 

Mahmood, Combine Communications, 

Engineering Aura, Haris M. Fazal, 

Mansoor Ahmed Malik, Rehman Feroze, 

Technologic Enterprises, United 

Institute of Technical Professional 

Education, and Usman Feroze, all under 

the destination of Pakistan, to the Entity 

List. These entities are added pursuant 

to § 744.11 of the EAR for engaging in 

activities contrary to the national 

security and foreign policy interests of 

the United States. Specifically, these 

entities are acting as front companies 

and procurement agents for Advanced 

Engineering Research Organization 

(AERO), a Pakistan-based company first 

added to the BIS Entity List in 2014 (79 

FR 56003, September 18, 2014). Since 

2010, AERO has utilized intermediaries 

and front companies to procure U.S.- 

origin items by disguising the end uses 


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