EPA-SwRI Update (12-3-15)

• Testing Plan for Alternative Approach at SwRI

– Cummins ISB 300hp rating (24 points) - completed

– Cummins ISB 200hp rating (24 points) - completed

– Navistar N13 455hp rating (27 points) - completed

– N13 engine with 365hp rating (27 points) - not started yet

– Ford 6.8 liter gasoline engine - not started yet

• Numerical Method Update

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 1
Global Regression – 24 models

# Without intercept # With intercept

With interaction

1 ~ 0 + HXX.NV * HXX.W 5 ~ 1 + HXX.NV * HXX.W

2 ~ 0 + HXX.N * HXX.T 6 ~ 1 + HXX.N * HXX.T

9 ~ 0 + HXX.N * HXX.W 11 ~ 1 + HXX.N * HXX.W

Without interaction

3 ~ 0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W 7 ~ 1 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

4 ~ 0 + HXX.N + HXX.T 8 ~ 1 + HXX.N + HXX.T

10 ~ 0 + HXX.N + HXX.W 12 ~ 1 + HXX.N + HXX.W

• Dependent quantity on the left could be BSFC [g/kWh] or fuel mass [g]

• Expression such as “N*T” in the above means linear terms in N, T, and the 

product N*T. No other second-order dependence such as N^2 is included

• HHX is just a symbol used to represent testing data

2
Regression Model – Underlying Quantities

• Only HXX data used (except for HXX.NV=HXX.N/GEM.V)

• Previously used eclectic mix of GEM and HXX data

• GEM.V = 

(result.phase_distance_mi/result.phase_time_sec)*3600 

• HXX.NV = HXX.N/GEM.V

• HXX.T = (HXX.W*1000*3600/HXX.t)/(HXX.N*pi/30) 

• HXX.fuel = HXX.BSFC*HXX.W

• Model 2 (BSFC) and model 8 (fuel) appear to be good overall 

choices for MD and HD engines with respect to test cycles and 

ratings considered for this study.

3
ISB Mapping Points for ARB Cycle

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 4

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

60.0 65.0 70.0 75.0 80.0 85.0

kW-hr

SN/SV

Interp/Extrap Points (Test Cell Data) Map Points (Test Cell Data)
ISB BSFC for ARB

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 5

220

240

260

280

300

320

340

220 240 260 280 300 320 340

Predicted BSFC [g/kWh]

Measured BSFC [g/kWh]

MD - 300 hp - ARB

0 + HXX.NV*HXX.W

0 + HXX.N*HXX.T

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N * HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
ISB Fuel Mass for ARB

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 6

900

950

1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

1300

1350

1400

900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400

Predicted Fuel Mass [g]

Measured Fuel Mass [g]

MD - 300 hp - ARB

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.T

1 + HXX.N + HXX.T

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
ISB Mapping Points for 55mph Cycle

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 7

14.50

15.00

15.50

16.00

16.50

17.00

17.50

18.00

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0

kW-hr

SN/SV

Interp/Extrap Points (Test Cell Data) Map Points (Test Cell Data)
ISB BSFC for 55 mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 8

170

190

210

230

250

270

290

170 190 210 230 250 270 290

Predicted BSFC [g/kWh]

Measured BSFC [g/kWh]

MD - 300 hp - 55 mph

0 + HXX.NV*HXX.W

0 + HXX.N*HXX.T

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N * HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
ISB Fuel Mass for 55mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 9

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Predicted Fuel Mass [g]

Measured Fuel Mass [g]

MD - 300 hp - 55 mph

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.T

1 + HXX.N + HXX.T

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
ISB Mapping Points for 65mph Cycle

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 10

18.50

19.00

19.50

20.00

20.50

21.00

21.50

22.00

22.50

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0

kW-hr

SN/SV

Interp/Extrap Points (Test Cell Data) Map Points (Test Cell Data)
ISB BSFC for 65mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 11

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

160 180 200 220 240 260 280

Predicted BSFC [g/kWh]

Measured BSFC [g/kWh]

MD - 300 hp - 65 mph

0 + HXX.NV*HXX.W

0 + HXX.N*HXX.T

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N * HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
ISB Fuel Mass for 65mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 12

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Predicted Fuel Mass [g]

Measured Fuel Mass [g]

MD - 300 hp - 55 mph

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.T

1 + HXX.N + HXX.T

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
ISB Child Rating Points for ARB Cycle 

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 13

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85

kW-hr

SN/SV

Interp/Extrap Points (Test Cell Data) Map Points (Test Cell Data)

• Use 300hp rating map to predict 200hp rating

• Green Points – 300hp rating

• Red points – 200hp rating
Child ISB BSFC for ARB

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 14

220

240

260

280

300

320

340

220 240 260 280 300 320 340

Predicted BSFC [g/kWh]

Measured BSFC [g/kWh]

MD - 200 hp - ARB

0 + HXX.NV*HXX.W

0 + HXX.N*HXX.T

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N * HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
Child ISB Fuel Mass for ARB

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 15

900

950

1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

1300

1350

1400

900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400

Predicted Fuel Mass [g]

Measured Fuel Mass [g]

MD - 200 hp - ARB

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.T

1 + HXX.N + HXX.T

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
Child ISB BSFC for 55mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 16

170

190

210

230

250

270

290

170 190 210 230 250 270 290

Predicted BSFC [g/kWh]

Measured BSFC [g/kWh]

MD - 200 hp - 55 mph

0 + HXX.NV*HXX.W

0 + HXX.N*HXX.T

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N * HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
Child ISB Fuel Mass for 55mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 17

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000

Predicted Fuel Mass [g]

Measured Fuel Mass [g]

MD - 200 hp - 55 mph

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.T

1 + HXX.N + HXX.T

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
Child ISB BSFC for 65mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 18

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

160 180 200 220 240 260 280

Predicted BSFC [g/kWh]

Measured BSFC [g/kWh]

MD - 200 hp - 65 mph

0 + HXX.NV*HXX.W

0 + HXX.N*HXX.T

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N * HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
Child ISB Fuel Mass for 65mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 19

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000

Predicted Fuel Mass [g]

Measured Fuel Mass [g]

MD - 200 hp - 65 mph

0 + HXX.NV + HXX.W

0 + HXX.N + HXX.T

1 + HXX.N + HXX.T

0 + HXX.N + HXX.W

1 + HXX.N*HXX.T

Dashed lines are ±5%
HD N13 Mapping Points for ARB Cycle

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 20

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

10.00

11.00

12.00

13.00

60.0 62.0 64.0 66.0 68.0 70.0 72.0 74.0

kW-hr

SN/SV

Interp/Extrap Points (Test Cell Data) Map Points (Test Cell Data)
N13 BSFC for ARB

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 21

200

205

210

215

220

225

230

235

240

245

250

200 210 220 230 240 250

Predicted BSFC [g/kWh]

Measured BSFC [g/kWh]

HD - ARB

HXX.BSFC.predict.2

HXX.BSFC.predict.6

Dashed lines are ±5%
N13 Fuel Mass for ARB

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 22

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

3000

1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000

Predicted Fuel Mass [g]

Measured Fuel Mass [g]

HD - ARB

HXX.fuel.predict.3

HXX.fuel.predict.4

HXX.fuel.predict.7

HXX.fuel.predict.8

HXX.fuel.predict.10

HXX.fuel.predict.12

HXX.fuel.predict.6

Dashed lines are ±5%
HD N13 Mapping Points for 55mph Cycle

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 23

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0

kW-hr

SN/SV

Interp/Extrap Points (Test Cell Data) Map Points (Test Cell Data)
N13 BSFC for 55mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 24

150

170

190

210

230

250

270

150 170 190 210 230 250 270

Predicted BSFC [g/kWh]

Measured BSFC [g/kWh]

HD - 55 mph

HXX.BSFC.predict.2

HXX.BSFC.predict.6

Dashed lines are ±5%
N13 Fuel Mass for 55mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 25

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500

Predicted Fuel Mass [g]

Measured Fuel Mass [g]

HD - 55 mph

HXX.fuel.predict.3

HXX.fuel.predict.4

HXX.fuel.predict.7

HXX.fuel.predict.8

HXX.fuel.predict.10

HXX.fuel.predict.12

HXX.fuel.predict.6

Dashed lines are ±5%
HD N13 Mapping Points for 65mph Cycle

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 26

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0

kW-hr

SN/SV

Interp/Extrap Points (Test Cell Data) Map Points (Test Cell Data)
N13 BSFC for 65mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 27

150

170

190

210

230

250

270

150 170 190 210 230 250 270

Predicted BSFC [g/kWh]

Measured BSFC [g/kWh]

HD - 65 mph

HXX.BSFC.predict.2

HXX.BSFC.predict.6

Dashed lines are ±5%
N13 Fuel Mass for 65mph

DRAFT & DELIBERATIVE 28

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500

Predicted Fuel Mass [g]

Measured Fuel Mass [g]

HD - 65 mph

HXX.fuel.predict.3

HXX.fuel.predict.4

HXX.fuel.predict.7

HXX.fuel.predict.8

HXX.fuel.predict.10

HXX.fuel.predict.12

HXX.fuel.predict.6

Dashed lines are ±5%