ANM-13-138-E

Exemption No. 10739

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION

RENTON, WASHINGTON 98057-3356

In the matter of the petition of

KALITTA CHARTERS II, LLC

for an exemption from §§ 25.855(a), 

25.857(e), and 25.1447(c)(1) of Title 14, 

Code of Federal Regulations

Regulatory Docket No. FAA-2012-1291

PARTIAL GRANT OF EXEMPTION

By letter dated December 4, 2012, Mr. Bob Koski, Director of Quality Control, Kalitta 

Charters II, LLC, 843 Willow Run Airport, Ypsilanti, MI 48198, petitioned the Federal 

Aviation Administration (FAA) for an exemption from §§ 25.855(a), 25.857(e), and 

25.1447(c)(1) of Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) for Boeing Model 727-200 

series airplanes converted to freighter airplanes. The proposed exemption, if granted, would 

allow carriage of 16 non-crewmembers (commonly referred to as supernumeraries) in the rear 

portion of the main deck Class E cargo compartment on these freighter airplanes. The 

maximum occupancy for these freighter airplanes is 19 persons, including the flightcrew.

The petitioner requests relief from the following regulations:

Section 25.855(a) requires, in part, that cargo compartments must meet one of the class 

requirements of § 25.857.

Section 25.857(e) requires, in part, that when a Class E cargo compartment is installed on 

the airplane, the airplane be used for carriage of cargo only.

Section 25.1447(c)(1) requires, in part, that oxygen dispensing units must be automatically 

presented to the occupants before the cabin altitude exceeds 15,000 feet. The total number 

of dispensing units and outlets must exceed the number of seats by at least 10 percent. The 

extra units must be uniformly distributed throughout the cabin as practicable, and there 

must be two oxygen masks in each lavatory.
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Related 14 CFR sections:

Section 25.812(e), Amendment 25-116, requires, in part, that floor proximity emergency 

escape path markings must provide emergency evacuation guidance for passengers.

Section 121.583(a) contains, in pertinent part, a listing of categories of persons who may 

be carried aboard an airplane in part 121 service without complying with all of the 

requirements of part 121 pertaining to carriage of passengers.

Section 121.547 contains, in pertinent part, a listing of categories of persons who may be 

admitted to the flight deck during operation.

The petitioner supports its request with the following information:

This section quotes the relevant information from the petitioner’s request with editorial 

changes for clarity. The complete petition is available in the Department of Transportation’s 

Federal Docket Management System on the Internet at http://regulations.gov in Docket 

No. FAA-2012-1291.

Kalitta Charters II is an airline company specializing in providing nationwide cargo 

services including the transportation of bloodstock—racehorses, show horses, etc. The 

company uses Boeing Model 727 freighter airplanes.

These animals are very valuable, many worth over one million dollars. The animals cannot 

be properly insured for air transport unless there are a sufficient number of qualified 

handlers on board. The interest of the petitioner is in providing a level of safety for the 

animals and airplane that will allow an expansion of this service to include international 

events such as the Olympics and other world events, which involve a large number of race 

or show horses.

The Model 727-200 freighter airplanes presently have no provisions for a sufficient 

number of supernumerary seats to help in the care of the horses for long haul flights.

This request for exemption generally follows those granted to Custom Air Transport and 

another partial grant of exemption to Aeronautical Engineers, Inc. (AEI).

Exemptions Being Petitioned

Kalitta Charters II requests an exemption from § 25.857(e) to allow the carriage of up to 

16 livestock handlers or grooms (supernumeraries) on the main deck of a Boeing Model 

727-200 freighter airplane, and an exemption from § 25.1447(c)(1) to allow portable 

oxygen units to be worn/carried by the animal attendants while they are away from the seat 

installed oxygen. Furthermore, it is requested that § 25.1447(c)(1) be allowed for an 

equivalent level of safety that would consider 16 portable oxygen units with masks that

can be stowed under the seats and 2 portable oxygen units with masks stowed on the wall 
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as meeting the requirement that the number of oxygen masks exceed the number of seats 

by ten percent.

By extension, exemption from § 25.855(a) is also requested, as this section requires any 

cargo compartment to comply with a designated classification of § 25.857.

Justification for Request

1. Rationale

Horses are usually transported in shipping containers that can carry as many as four

horses each. The containers are designed to fit into the existing pallet positions of 

the Model 727-200 freighter airplanes, and depending on the configuration, could 

have up to 12 pallets. For this petition, the aft two pallets are removed to 

accommodate the groom seating leaving 10 pallets remaining. A typical load could 

be up to 40 horses on the main deck of a Model 727-200 airplane, and the number 

of qualified grooms is commensurate with the value and safety of the horses on 

board.

For safety reasons, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) 

recommends that for up to four pallets, one experienced groom be provided for 

each pallet of horses. For more than four pallets of horses, it is at the discretion of 

the carrier and the shipper to determine the optimum requirement.

The safe transport of large numbers of horses by air, therefore, requires the 

carriage of a commensurate number of qualified handlers on the main deck.

The Custom Air Transport exemption already grants the relief sought here.

2. Public Interest

The carriage of an appropriate number of animal handlers (supernumeraries)

aboard an airplane to monitor and to attend to the special requirements of live 

animal cargo, especially race horses and show horses, serves the public interest in 

raising the level of safety of livestock, the airplane, the flightcrew, and 

consequently, the public in general.

Designing the animal handlers’ station to meet the certification basis requirements 

as well as the some of the more recent safety requirements of part 25 raises the 

safety level of the animal handlers to that intended for passengers.

This exemption, therefore, serves the public interest for safety reasons and also for 

increased airfreight deliveries of these animals internationally.

3. Safety
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Safety is the primary concern of the modification. As stated earlier, all safety 

requirements of the original type certification of the airplane will be complied with 

as defined by Type Certification Data Sheet (TCDS) A3WE. Any adverse effects 

that the exemption and the equivalent level of safety of the modification will cause 

are discussed below.

4. Adverse Effects

The exemption is to allow for the carriage of livestock attendants on the main deck 

of a Model 727-200 freighter airplane. Because of the level of safety provided by 

part 25, and the restrictions placed on the carriage of attendants as specified in the 

FAA approved AFM supplement, there are no apparent adverse effects.

5. Equivalent Level of Safety

The modification will be designed to incorporate certain features that will ensure 

the animal attendants enjoy a level of safety equivalent to that enjoyed by 

passengers, as provided by the original certifications basis of the airplane, and 

some of the updated part 25 regulations.

5.1 Animal Attendant Seats

The animal attendant seats will be fully certified to support the weight of 

the attendants, as well as any equipment, such as oxygen bottles, that will 

be installed to the seats, to the maximum load factors of the airplane at 

the Fuselage Station (FS) position of the seats, and for the emergency 

landing provisions of the original certification basis for the airplane, 

CAR 4B and 14 CFR Amendment 25-15.

5.2 Emergency Equipment

In providing for a compensating level of safety for the main deck 

occupants, a fire extinguisher, Crewmember Portable Breathing 

Equipment (CPBE), first aid kit, Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT),

and any other required equipment would be provided. For emergency 

egress assistance, an axe will be provided to assist in the case of a 

jammed or stuck exit door.

5.3 Emergency Egress, § 25.810

1. Doors 2R and 2L will be reactivated to serve as emergency exits.

2. Approved and certified slides will be installed at the doors to provide 

emergency egress from the airplane.
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3. Flotation for the occupants will be provided by life vests and slide 

rafts, or rafts.

5.4 Supplemental Oxygen, § 25.1447

Section 25.1447(c)(1) states that oxygen must be automatically presented 

and immediately available to the occupants, and that the quantity of 

masks must exceed the number of seats by ten percent. We are seeking an 

exemption from the requirement for the oxygen to be automatically 

presented. However, we would like it to be considered an equivalent level 

of safety due to required training and familiarization of the handlers.

5.4.1 Seated Occupants

It is the plan of the modification to provide the seated occupants 

with self-contained oxygen bottles with protective breathing 

masks under each seat. The attendants will be trained in the use 

of these oxygen units.

5.4.2 Working Grooms

Each groom will be able to carry the portable oxygen source 

with protective breathing masks that is stowed under their seat 

with them whenever the groom is not in the vicinity of the seats.

Note: It is considered that the portable oxygen units stowed 

under the seats, plus the 2 portable oxygen bottles stowed on the 

wall, will meet the requirement of § 25.1447(c)(1) that the 

quantity of masks exceed the number of seats by at least ten 

percent.

5.4.3 Decompression Signal

An automatically activated decompression signal immediately 

recognizable throughout the cabin area will be provided to 

automatically notify supernumeraries when to don oxygen.

5.5 Emergency Lighting System, § 25.812

An emergency lighting system will be provided to meet Amendment 

25-15 including the following items:

1. Emergency lighting illumination of the seating area, 

passageways, door signs, instructions, etc.
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2. Exit identifier signs

3. Exterior lighting at the base of the slide

Due to the proximity of the seats to the intended exits, and that the 

occupants have a direct view of those exit doors, it is believed that EPL 

(escape path lighting) installation will not add to the safety level and,

therefore, will not be installed.

5.6 Lighted Fasten Seat Belt Signs, § CFR 25.791

Flightcrew-activated lighted “Fasten Seat Belt” signs will be provided 

that are visible while seated.

5.7 Lighted Return to Seat Signs

Flightcrew-activated ‘Return to Seat’ signs will be provided along the 

length of the airplane.

5.8 Flight Deck Communications, § CFR 25.1423

A standard airplane intercom/public address (PA) system will be 

installed, and the PA system will be audible from anywhere within the 

airplane. The PA system will be activated either from the flight deck, or 

the supernumerary seating area.

5.9 Flight Phone

Two-way communication from the supernumerary seating area to the 

flight deck will be provided by means of a flight phone installed within 

reach of at least one of the handlers at their seats.

5.10 Placards

The following placards will be provided:

1. No Smoking Signs

2. Door Operating Instructions

3. Slide Operating Instructions

4. Raft Operating Instructions

5. External Door Exit Marking
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6. AFM Supplement

The FAA-approved Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) will be supplemented to contain 

operating limitations restricting the carriage of occupants to animal handlers under 

specified conditions, as well as the training required for animal handlers.

1. The AFM supplement will limit the seats to being occupied by animal 

handlers only. They may be similarly occupied during operations in 

which cargo is not being carried, but not during operations in which 

cargo, other than live animals, is being carried.

2. The AFM supplement will have a prorated scale for the number of 

handlers based on less than full utilization of the airplane to carry 

livestock.

7. FAA-Approved Training Plan

An FAA-Approved Training Plan to instruct handlers in the prohibition against 

smoking, procedures, and equipment use relating to ditching and emergency 

evacuation.

Request for Waiver of Public Comment

Kalitta Charters II requests waiver of the normal public comment process since this 

request is substantially similar to that already granted to Custom Air Transport and 

because other similar petitions have already been granted to accomplish the same 

objectives with very similar conditions.

Federal Register publication:

The FAA has determined that good cause exists for waiving the requirement for Federal 

Register publication because the exemption, if granted, would not set a precedent, and any 

delay in acting on this petition would be detrimental to Kalitta Charters II, LLC.

The FAA’s analysis:

The FAA considers the petitioner’s proposal to be in the public interest for the following 

reasons:

 These supernumeraries are seen as a benefit to airplane safety and efficient operations 

of air cargo.

 A significant disruption of air commerce could occur if the petition was not granted.

 The FAA has granted several exemptions for the carriage of supernumeraries in the 

Class E cargo compartment freighter airplanes.
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The certification regulations for transport category airplanes address airplane occupants as 

being either “crew” or “passengers.” Due to differences in training, physical capabilities, and 

other factors (such as familiarity with the airplane), the means required by part 25 to address 

emergency evacuation and emergency equipment differ. Because supernumeraries are not 

crewmembers, they must be considered “passengers” by default, with respect to part 25. 

However, supernumeraries do hold a special status because of their training and other factors. 

The FAA, therefore, has granted certain exemptions to allow the carriage of supernumeraries 

on freighter airplanes without compliance with all of the part 25 standards for passengers, 

provided that certain other conditions are met. Those conditions have varied, depending on the 

airplane design, the nature of the proposals under consideration, and the number and location 

of persons to be carried.

The petitioner has requested relief primarily from the requirements of § 25.857(e), which 

permit carriage of cargo only when a Class E cargo compartment is installed on the airplane. 

Class E cargo compartments are usually remote from the flight deck and encompass the entire 

interior of the airplane. The means of controlling fires that might occur in the cargo 

compartment is to starve the fire of oxygen. This is accomplished by depressurizing the 

airplane and maintaining an altitude that will not support combustion. For this reason, only 

crewmembers are permitted on board such airplanes.

The petitioner has indicated the intention to retain all required attributes of a Class E cargo 

compartment, as addressed in §§ 25.855 and 25.857(e), with the single exception of allowing 

occupants to be accommodated in this cargo compartment. Hence, the FAA interprets this 

petition as indicating that the operator will retain the means required by § 25.857(e)(3) to 

control a Class E cargo compartment fire, in other words, decompression of the airplane. 

Accordingly, this grant is conditioned on the retention of these procedures.

Due to the way that fire in the cargo compartment is to be controlled, it is necessary to limit 

supernumeraries on the airplane to those who have been found physically fit by the operator 

and have been briefed on the use of emergency equipment. This limitation on the 

supernumeraries is consistent with previous approvals and will be included in this approval.

The petitioner has stated that the “modification will be designed to incorporate certain features 

that will ensure the animal attendants enjoy a level of safety equivalent to that enjoyed by 

passengers....” However, based on our general analysis above, we find the proposed 

modification and operation does not provide an equivalent safety to an average passenger 

carrying configuration. An exemption is required for this modification and operation. If the 

limitations and conditions of this exemption are followed, the FAA finds that an adequate 

level of safety results for this unique animal handling operation.

The petitioner mentions that the request for relief is substantially similar to Exemption 

No. 8164. In that exemption, that petitioner proposed the reactivation of doors 2L and 2R with 

escape slides. In this case, the escape slides are proposed. We find that the escape slide 

installation is required to provide an adequate level of safety.
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The petitioner discusses § 25.812(e), Amendment 25-116, which requires floor proximity 

emergency escape path marking in the passenger areas of the airplane. During the evaluation 

of this petition, the FAA determined the original certification basis for the Boeing Model 

727-200 series airplane did not include Amendment 25-116, which codified the requirements 

for the floor proximity emergency escape path marking requirements. We have determined, 

therefore, that compliance to this paragraph is not required. We find that the proposed 

emergency lighting discussed in the petitioner’s letter provides an adequate level of safety.

The petitioner requested relief to allow remotely located supernumerary seating at the aft 

portion of the main deck Class E cargo compartment, without benefit of immediately available

flightcrew or flight attendants. The petition also addressed the carriage of supernumeraries to 

attend to live animals. Any operations that include the main deck carriage of any cargo other 

than live animals, either exclusively or in combination with live animals, is beyond the scope 

of this evaluation, and must be considered separately. However, cargo necessary for care of 

the animals may be carried. Additionally, supernumeraries may be on board the return flight to 

their initial departure location without live animals being carried. Limiting the cargo to live 

animals and the cargo needed for their care will minimize the risk of a fire in the Class E 

cargo compartment and provide an adequate level of safety, in conjunction with the other 

limitations, for the carriage of supernumeraries on the airplane.

The FAA also considers that smoking should be prohibited within the cargo compartment and 

that a placard indicating this prohibition, as specified in § 25.853(c) at Amendment 25-15, 

must be displayed in a conspicuous location.

The petitioner indicated that flightcrew-activated and -lighted “Fasten Seat Belt” signs that are 

visible to persons sitting in the supernumerary seats will be provided. A requirement for these 

signs is not included in the certification basis of the Model 727-200 series airplane; however, 

these signs are required by § 121.317. Since type certification of the Model 727-200 series 

airplane, part 25 has been amended to include a requirement for installation of these signs. 

The FAA considers these signs a required condition of this exemption.

The petitioner has proposed to install a standard aircraft two-way intercom/public address 

(PA) system that will be installed within reach of at least one of the supernumeraries at their 

seats, and the PA system will be audible from anywhere in the aircraft. Also the PA system 

will be activated from either the flight deck, or from the supernumerary seating area. A 

functioning two-way interphone/PA (intercom) system is considered essential as the 

supernumerary seats are remotely located from the flight deck. A functioning PA system is 

considered essential for initiating and directing emergency evacuations and for providing preand post-landing instructions. This system is a required condition of this exemption.

The FAA considers that a flightcrew-operated aural or visual annunciation, which would be 

recognized in the cargo compartment, must be installed to indicate during turbulence that 

persons must return to their seats. The petitioner proposed installing “Return to Seat” signs 
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along the length of the cargo compartment to address this issue. These signs will be required 

as a condition to this exemption.

The FAA considers that supernumeraries should have a supplemental oxygen system that is 

comparable to that required for passengers by part 25. However, taking into account the extra 

knowledge and training that supernumeraries will have, the FAA does not find that an 

equivalent system needs to be provided. The petitioner proposed that each of the 16 

supernumeraries carry a portable PBE meeting the requirements of § 25.1447(c)(1), excluding 

the requirement that the number of units exceed the number of seats by 10%. The intent of 

these additional masks are for use by lap children or flight attendants. Since neither will be 

on-board the airplane, the installation of 10% extra oxygen masks is not required.

Additionally, the petitioner proposed installing an automatically activated decompression alert 

that would be immediately recognizable throughout the main deck Class E cargo 

compartment. This automatic alert must provide aural and visual warning to the 

supernumeraries to don and activate their portable oxygen systems. This design is intended to 

address the “immediately available,” “automatically presented,” and “uniformly distributed” 

requirements of § 25.1447(c)(1). The FAA considers that a manual backup for operation of 

the decompression alert must be provided, that the oxygen units must be sized adequately for 

continuous and uninterrupted use during worst-case flight duration following a 

decompression, and that supernumeraries must be trained about the location and use of these 

oxygen units. The supernumeraries must be trained to re-secure the portable units to their 

seats upon returning to their seats.

The portable oxygen device(s) must meet the requirements for flightcrew oxygen masks 

(§ 25.1443(a) or (b)) or the equipment must be shown to protect the supernumerary from 

hypoxia at an activity level required to return to his or her seat following a rapid 

decompression to 25,000 feet cabin altitude. One acceptable means of compliance is the use 

of a continuous flow passenger oxygen mask that meets FAA technical standard order 

TSO-C64a, or later, and is approved for use up to at least 40,000 feet cabin altitude, connected 

to an oxygen bottle that supplies a flow rate of at least 4 liters per minute NTPD (Normal 

Temperature and Pressure Dry) at a cabin altitude of 23,000 feet. If the oxygen bottle regulator 

has more than one flow rate it must be set to 4 liters per minute NTPD. The oxygen units must 

still meet the intent of § 25.1449, which states that there must be a means for the crew to 

determine whether oxygen is being delivered to the dispensing units. The FAA has determined 

that it would be an acceptable means of compliance to train the supernumeraries in making 

this determination and to provide oxygen flow indication in the oxygen equipment.

Section 25.1447(c)(1) requires at least two oxygen dispensing units connected to oxygen 

terminals in each lavatory and that the oxygen masks be automatically presented. Two oxygen 

masks are intended for situations where an individual needs assistance in the lavatory. No 

relief was requested from this section for the lavatory and, therefore, none is granted. Note 

that this exemption does not provide relief, beyond that explicitly stated, from applicable 
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airworthiness requirements. This exemption discusses specific regulations that must be met 

for approval of the proposed design but does not discuss all the applicable regulations.

The FAA’s decision:

In consideration of the foregoing, I find that a partial grant of exemption is in the public 

interest. Therefore, pursuant to the authority contained in 49 U.S.C. §§ 40113 and 44701, 

delegated to me by the Acting Administrator, Kalitta Charters II, LLC is hereby granted an

exemption from 14 CFR 25.855(a), 25.857(e), and 25.1447(c)(1) to the extent necessary to 

allow type certification of Boeing Model 727-200 series airplanes with provisions for the 

carriage of supernumeraries. The following limitations apply and limitations number 1, 3.d. (if 

applicable), 4-7, and 12 must be documented in the Limitations Section of the Airplane Flight 

Manual:

1. Supernumeraries:

a. A maximum of 16 supernumeraries may occupy the aft portion of the main 

deck Class E cargo compartment. The total maximum occupancy of the 

airplane is limited to 19 persons, including the flightcrew (3 on-duty 

flightcrew members, and up to 16 supernumeraries).

b. The supernumeraries are limited to the categories specified in 

§§ 121.583(a)(4)(ii) and 121.583(a)(5), applicable only to persons referenced 

in § 121.583(a)(4)(ii).

c. Prior to each flight, a flightcrew member must brief each supernumerary on 

the use of exits, including instructions to inspect the ground to determine 

whether a safe landing can be achieved before using an assist means, and 

emergency equipment.

d. The operator must determine that each supernumerary is physically able and 

trained to accomplish the necessary emergency procedures.

2. Supernumeraries Supplemental Oxygen:

Locations and Use: A supplemental oxygen equipment unit with a mask 

connected to it must be located so each occupant can put on the mask and 

activate oxygen flow while seated and while moving about the main deck

Class E cargo compartment.

3. Design Requirements for Supernumeraries Supplemental Oxygen:

a. The oxygen units must provide an indication to the user when oxygen is 

flowing.
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b. The oxygen units must be sized adequately for continuous and uninterrupted 

use during worst-case flight duration following decompression, or must be of 

sufficient duration to allow the supernumerary to return to his or her seat 

where oxygen for the remainder of the decompression is readily accessible.

c. The portable oxygen units must meet the performance requirements of 

§ 25.1443(a) or (b), or the equipment must be shown to protect the 

supernumerary from hypoxia at an activity level required to return to his or 

her seat following a rapid decompression to 25,000 feet cabin altitude.

d. One acceptable means of compliance is the use of a continuous flow 

passenger oxygen mask that meets FAA TSO-C64a, or later, and is approved 

for use up to at least 40,000 feet cabin altitude, and is connected to an oxygen 

bottle that supplies a flow rate of at least 4 liters per minute NTPD (Normal 

Temperature and Pressure Dry) at a cabin altitude of 23,000 feet. If the 

petitioner uses this means of compliance and the bottles have more than one 

setting for flow rate, the supernumeraries must be trained to use the 4 liters 

per minute NTPD setting.

4. Training Requirements for Supernumeraries Supplemental Oxygen:

The supernumeraries must be trained in the use of the oxygen units and to 

secure them when they occupy their seats. The supernumeraries must also be 

trained in making the determination whether oxygen is being delivered to the 

dispensing units. The training must identify that the units must be carried 

whenever the supernumerary leaves his or her seat (e.g., tending to the live 

animals, using the lavatory, etc.)

5. Decompression Alert:

An automatically activated aural and visual decompression alert must be 

provided and immediately recognizable throughout the main deck Class E 

cargo compartment to notify supernumeraries when to don oxygen masks. As 

a backup to the automated alert system, the flightcrew must be able to 

manually activate the alert. The pre-flight briefing must include training in the 

sound of the alert, the meaning of the alert, and the response to the alert (i.e.,

procedures for donning the mask and activating the flow of oxygen).

6. Turbulence Alert:

A flightcrew member-operated aural or visual alert, which is recognized in the 

main deck Class E cargo compartment must be installed to indicate, during 

turbulence/ predicted turbulence, that persons must return to their seats. 

Appropriate procedures and limitations must be established to ensure that, at 

the onset of turbulence, the flightcrew member alerts the supernumeraries to 
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return to their seats. These procedures must include occupants in the lavatory. 

The pre-flight briefing must explain these alerts to the supernumeraries.

7. Placards:

Placard(s) are to be located inside and outside of the cargo compartment in a 

conspicuous location, either on or adjacent to both sides of the smoke barrier 

door. The placard(s) must indicate the following: 

 The smoke barrier must be secured (i.e., the door must be closed).

 Smoking is not allowed within the cargo compartment.

The pre-flight briefing must inform supernumeraries of these requirements.

8. Alerting Requirements:

a. Alerts must be distinctive and effective. Alerts must distinguish between 

decompression and turbulence.

b. Visual alerts must be visible from all occupant locations and orientations, 

during all expected operational conditions including a rapid decompression 

where moisture in the air may condense.

c. Aural alerts must be loud enough to be heard during all expected operational 

conditions including a rapid decompression where the ambient noise level will 

increase.

d. Flightcrew activated and lighted “Fasten Seat Belt” signs are required and 

must be visible to persons sitting in the supernumerary seats.

e. Flightcrew activated and lighted “Return to Seat” signs along the length of the 

cargo compartment are required and must be visible throughout the accessible 

areas of the Class E cargo compartment.

9. A public address (PA) system must be installed. It must be audible throughout the 

occupiable compartments of the airplane, and activated from either the flight deck 

or from the supernumerary seating area. The PA system must comply with 

§ 25.1423 at Amendment 25-79.

10. An interphone system must be installed that provides two-way communication 

between the supernumerary seating area and the flight deck and is within reach of 

at least one of the supernumeraries at his/her seat. This system must be 

independent of the PA system except for handsets, headsets, microphones, 

selector switches, and signaling devices. When supernumeraries are carried, this 

seat position must be occupied for taxi, takeoff, and landing.