# Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Price Report

J

uly 200 9

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

WELCOME!

Welcome to the J uly 200 9 issue of the Clean Cities Alternative Fuel Price Report, a quarterly report designed to keep you up to date on the prices of alternative fuels and conventional fuels in the U.S. This issue summarizes prices

that were collected between July 20 , 2009 and J uly 31 , 2009 from Clean Cities Coordinators, fuel providers, and

other Clean Cities stakeholders.

METHODOLOGY

In order to collect price information for

both alternative fuels and conventional fuels from areas across the country, Clean Cities Coordinators, fuel providers, and other key stakeholders wer e contacted to request that they provide prices for fuels in their area on a voluntary basis. Prices were collected on all major alternative fuels currently in widespread use (natural gas, propane, biodiesel, and ethanol), as well as prices for convention al fuels at stations that also sell alternative fuels (or stations nearby). Prices were collected from public and private refueling stations throughout the country

, and were collected between July 20 , 2009 and J uly 31 , 2009

. Prices were then averaged in order to determine regional price trends by fuel and variability in fuel price within regions (and among regions). Prices in this report are grouped by U.S. areas as defined by the Petroleum

Administration for Defense Districts (PADD) : the districts are illustrated in the map to the right.

The prices collected for this report represent retail, at

- the

- pump sales prices for each fuel, including Federal and state motor fuel taxes. In some cases, prices were collected from government or utility refueling facilities and these taxes were not included in the reported price. In these instances, although these users are not required to pay these taxes, the taxes were added to the reported price to provide a more representative basis for comparison of fuel
prices for the purpose of this report. In some cases, states may charge a flat annual fee for motor fuel taxes (especially for gaseous fuels like CNG): these fees are not considered in the prices reported in these pages.

Page 2

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

SUMMARY OF CURRENT REPORT INFORMATION

Overall nationwide average prices for Table 1

. Overall Average Fuel Prices 

### conventional and alternative fuels are

shown in T able 1. 1 

### As this table
illustrates, alternative fuel prices relative to conventional fuels vary, Gasoline (Regular) $2.44 $2.02 $0.42 per gallon 

### with some (biodiesel , propane ) higher Nationwide Average Nationwide Average Change in Price Units of

Price for Fuel This Price for Fuel Last This Report vs. Measurement Report Report Last Report

Diesel $2.54 $2.27 $0.27 per gallon 

### and some (E85 and CNG) lower

. CNG
CNG $1.73 $1.64 $0.09 per GGE 

### is about 71 cents less than gasoline on

a n energy

- equivalent basis, while E85 Ethanol (E85) $2.13 $1.88 $0.25 per gallon



### is about 31 cents less per gallon than Propane $2.48 $2.58 ($0.10) per gallon 

### gasoline. Propane is about 4 cent s per Biodiesel (B20) $2.69 $2.49 $0.20 per gallon 

### gallon more than gasoline. B20 prices Biodiesel (B2

- B5) $2.55 $2.28 $0.27 per gallon 

### are higher than regular diesel by

about 15 cent s. B99/B100 blends Biodiesel (B99

- B100) $3.08 $3.27 ($0.19) per gallon



### have a cost of about 5 0 cents per gallon more than regular diesel, while B2/B5 blends are about the same price as diesel

.

Relative to the last report from A pril 200 9

, the average prices for most of the fuels included in this price report have

i ncreased by a s much as 42 cents . It should be noted that the price increase s or decreases could be attributed both

to an actual increase in price and to a slightly differing sample of prices (both location and quantity).

Prices in this report were collected and are reported in Table 2. J uly 2009 Overall Average Fuel Prices on Energy



### the units in which they are typically sold (dollars per Equivalent Basis 

### gallon or dollars per gasoline

- gallon equivalent). Because of differing energy contents per gallon for these fuels, the price paid per unit of energy content can differ somewhat from the price paid per gallon. Nationwide Nationwide Nationwide Average Price in Average Price in Average Price in

Gasoline Gallon Diesel Gallon Dollars per Million

Equivalents Equivalents Btu

Gasoline $2.44 $2.72 $21.16 

### Table 2 illustrates the fuel prices from Table 1 for the current reporting period normalized to a price per Diesel $2.27 $2.54 $19.70 

### gasoline

- gallon equivalent

, per dies el gallon CNG $1.73 $1.93 $14.98 

### equivalent

, or per million Btu of energy . This Ethanol (E85) $3.01 $3.36 $26.12 

### calculation involves the use of nominal lower heating

Propane $3.43 $3.82 $29.69 

### values in Btu per gallon of fuel which can be found in the Transportation Energy Data Book 2 

### . Note that Biodiesel (B20) $2.45 $2.74 $21.26 

### prices for the alternative fuels in terms of cost per Biodiesel (B2

- B5) $2.29 $2.56 $19.88 

### gallon equivalent are generally higher than their cost Biodiesel (B99

- B100) $3.03 $3.38 $26.26 

### per gallon because of their lower energy content per gallon 3 

### . It has been seen, however, that consumer interest in alternative fuels increases as the price differential per gallon increases, even if that differential does not directly translate to savings on an energy

- equivalent basis.

1 A very small sample (5 points) of hydrogen information was received: average price for hydrogen was $1 4.74 per gge in this report.

2 A listing of the conversion factors used appears as an appendix at the end of this report.

3 For ethanol flexible

- fuel vehicles, the actual difference in energy cost per mile is somewhat less than would be calculated simply on the differen ce in energy content of the fuels, as some sources have noted many FFVs can achieve bett er energy efficiency (miles per unit of energy) on E85 than on gasoline. This effect is not currently included in these calculations as the magnitude of the effect varies by vehicle.



### Page 3

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

GASOLINE AND DIESEL PRICES

Average prices for gasoline Table 3. Average Gasoline and Diesel Prices by Region from Clean Citi es Sources 

### and diesel as collected by

Clean Cities coordinators

and other stakeholders ( supplemented where necessary with other Regular Gasoline Information Diesel Information Reported by Clean Cities ($/gal) Reported by Clean Cities ($/gal)

Average Price Number of Data Average Price Number of Data Points

/ Standard Deviation Points / Standard Deviation

of Price of Price



### reference sources for conventional fuels) are illustrated in T able 3. These prices were collected from refueling stations selling both conventional fuels and alternative fuels,

and from conventional fuel refueling stations near

alternative fuel stations. New England $2.56 / 0.28 44 $2.64 / 0.27 31

Central Atlantic $2.54 / 0.1 0 28 $2.62 / 0.12 13

Lower Atlantic $2.32 / 0.07 37 $2.45 / 0.09 36

Midwest $2.33 / 0.12 124 $2.5 0 / 0.22 62

Gulf Coast $2.32 / 0.05 19 $2.41 / 0.11 17

Rocky Mountain $2.41 / 0.1 0 57 $2.49 / 0.19 22

West Coast $2.75 / 0.21 47 $2.66 / 0.29 29

NATIONAL AVERAGE $2.44 / 0.24 356 $2.54 / 0.19 210


### Just over 350 price points were collected for gasoline and 200 for diesel , with average prices for gasoline ranging from a low of $ 2.32 per gallon in the Gulf Coast to a high of $ 2.75 per gallon on the West Coast. Diesel prices ranged from $ 2.41 on the

Gulf Coast to $ 2. 66 o n the W e st Co ast

. Because prices for conventional fuels were collected from stations and regions providing alternative fuel price information, data collection was not uniform across the regions of the country. The information is, however, representative of refueling stations selling both alternative fuels and

conventional fuels.

T able 4 illustrates average prices as provided by the DOE Table 4. EIA Gasoline and Diesel Price Averages 

### Energy Information Administration (EIA) on the petroleum

information section of its website ( http://www.eia.doe.gov/oil_gas/petroleum/info_glance/pet Gasoline Average Diesel Average Price
Price from EIA, Week from EIA, Week of

of 7/20 /0

9 7/20 /0

9



### roleum.html ). These prices are averages of prices from a selection of 800 retail fuel stations across the country. Note that the average nationwide price from EIA generally matches relatively clo sely with the averages from the

station information collected from Clean Cities

stakeholders. C omparisons in this document between conventional fuel prices and alternative fuel prices will be made using prices collected from Clean Cities representatives wherever possible, as these prices are most representative of stations selling both conventional and

alternative fuels. New England $2.5 2 $2.60

Central Atlantic $2.52 $2.63

Lower Atlantic $2.41 $2.46

Midwest $2.36 $2.47

Gulf Coast $2.32 $2.44

Rocky Mountain $2.52 $2.56

West Coast $2.77 $2.60

NATIONAL AVERAGE $2.46 $2.50



### Page 4

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (RELATIVE TO GASOLINE)

Average prices for Table 5. Compressed Natural Gas Average Prices by Region from Clean Cities Sources 

### compressed natural gas for

vehicle use are illustrated

in Table 5

, grouped by
region

. Information on
prices for regular gasoline as provided by Clean New England $1.95 / 0.47 13 $2.56 / 0.28 Regular Gasoline Information Reported by Clean Cities ($/gal) Natural Gas (CNG) Information Reported by Clean Cities ($/gge)

Average Price

/ Standard Deviation

of Price Number of Data

Points Average Price

/ Standard Deviation

of Price Number of Data Points

44 

### Cities representatives is Central Atlantic $1.95 / 0.31 56 $2.54 / 0.1 0 28 

### also shown. These prices

Lower Atlantic $1.66 / 0.34 6 $2.32 / 0.07 37 

### were collected from across the country from Clean Midwest $1.63 / 0.44 27 $2.33 / 0.12 124 

### Cities Coordinators, fuel Gulf Coast $1.92 / 0.18 19 $2.32 / 0.05 19 

### providers, and other Rocky Mountain $1.27 / 0.31 102 $2.41 / 0.1 0 57 

### stakeholders on a

West Coast $2.01 / 0.23 109 $2.75 / 0.21 47 

### voluntary basis. Just over
300 CNG prices were NATIONAL AVERAGE $1.73 / 0.51 332 $2.44 / 0.24 356 

### collected in this report 4



### .

As Table 5 illustrates by region , CNG has a lower price than gasoline for most regions of the country for which prices were obtained , with the largest difference ($ 1.14 per gge) being in the Rocky Mountain region . On average,

CNG costs about $0.71 less than gasoline on a per gasoline gallon equivalent basis. Variability of CNG prices was higher (based on a standard deviation analysis) than variability of gasoline prices.

The map to the right illustrates some cost differentials by state for natural gas relative to gasoline, based on differentials between natural gas prices and gasoline prices for each state (versus the regional averages illustrated in Table 5) . In this map, negative numbers represent costs for natural gas lower than costs for gasoline. States not highlighted with a color did not have any natural gas data points in the

current report. As the map illustrates, CNG prices were favorable relative to gasoline for a number of states across

the count ry, especially in the West

.

4 Prices for CNG were provided by the individual stakeholders in gasoli ne

- gallon equivalents from the “price at the pump.” It should be noted that the internal conversion factor between the physical quantities of gas delivered and gge was not collected from each of the refueling stati ons. Regional differences in gas heat

co ntent relative to the internal pump conversion factor may change the price per gge: these differences were not determined for this report, however.



### Page 5

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009 COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS (RELATIVE TO DIESEL)

Average prices for Table 6. Compressed Natural Gas Average Prices by Region from Clean Cities Sources 

### compressed natural gas for

vehicle use are illustrated

in Table 6 , grouped by
region. Information on prices for conventional diesel fuel as provided by New England $2.17 / 0.52 13 $2.64 / 0.27 Diesel Information Reported by Clean Cities ($/gal) Natural Gas (CNG) Information Reported by Clean Cities ($/dge)

Average Price

/ Standard Deviation

of Price Number of Data

Points Average Price

/ Standard Deviation

of Price Number of Data Points

31 

### representatives from Clean Central Atlantic $2.17 / 0.34 56 $2.62 / 0.12 13 

### Cities and supplemental

Lower Atlantic $1.85 / 0.38 6 $2.45 / 0.09 36 

### sources is also shown. These prices were collected Midwest $1.81 / 0.5 0 27 $2.5 0 / 0.22 62 

### from across the country Gulf Coast $2.14 / 0.21 19 $2.41 / 0.11 17 

### from Clean Cities Rocky Mountain $1.42 / 0.35 102 $2.49 / 0.19 22 

### Coordinators, fuel

West Coast $2.25 / 0.26 109 $2.66 / 0.29 29 

### providers, and other

stakeholders on a NATIONAL AVERAGE $1.93 / 0.56 332 $2.54 / 0.19 210 

### voluntary basis. Note that

the CNG prices in Table 6 are the same group of prices as for Table 5, but converted to a cost per diesel gallon equivalent basis, in order to compare directly with diesel prices.

As Table 6 illustrates by region , CNG has a lower price than diesel for most regions of the country

, with the largest difference ($ 1.07 per d ge) being in the Rocky Mountain region . On average, CNG costs about $ 0.61 less than diesel

on a per diesel gallon equivalent basis. Based on standard deviation calculations, CNG appears to have had more variability in price during this time period relative to diesel fuel

.

The map to the right illustrates some cost differentials by state for natural gas

relative to diesel , based on differentials between natural gas prices and diesel prices for each state (versus the regional averages illustrated in Table 6) . In this

map , negative numbers represent costs for natural gas lower than costs for

diesel

. States not highlighted with a color did not have any natural gas data points in the current report. As with the comparison to gasoline, natural gas prices relative to diesel w ere also favorable, as the map shows.

Page 6

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009 ETHANOL (E85)

Average prices for

ethanol in an 85% blend with 15% gasoline (E85)

are illustrated in T able 7

, grouped by region

. Information on prices for regular gasoline as provided by Clean Cities
representatives i s also shown. These pr i ces were collected from across the country from

Clean Cities Table 7. Ethanol (E85) Average Prices by Region from Clean Cities Sources

Ethanol (E85) Information Regular Gasoline Information Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal) Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal)

Average Price Number of Data Average Price Number of Data Points

/ Standard Deviation Points / Standard Deviation

of Price of Price

New England $3.08 / 1.5 0 2 $2.56 / 0.28 44

Central Atlantic $2.18 / 0.27 50 $2.54 / 0.1 0 28

Lower Atlantic $2.23 / 0.17 48 $2.32 / 0.07 37

Midwest $2.05 / 0.2 0 105 $2.33 / 0.12 124

Gulf Coast $2.01 / 0.28 15 $2.32 / 0.05 19

Rocky Mountain $2.05 / 0.16 66 $2.41 / 0.1 0 57 

### Coordinators, fuel West Coast $2.31 / 0.47 38 $2.75 / 0.21 47 

### providers, and other

stakeholders on a voluntary basis. Just

over 300 prices for ethanol were collected in this data collection effort. NATIONAL AVERAGE $2.13 / 0.29 324 $2.44 / 0.24 356



### Note that E85 has a lower average price per gallon than regular gasoline for most regions, and higher in others (see

Table 7) . On average, E85 is about 31 cents lower in price than regular gasoline on a per

- gallon basis, with the largest average differential ( 44 cents) being found on the W est Coast

. Based on the calculated standard deviations in this set of E85 price information, it can be seen that price variability for E85 was somewhat larger than the price variability for gasoline for the period

.

The map to the right illustrates some cost

differential s between E85 and regular gasoline by state, based on differentials between E85 prices and gasoline prices for each state (versus the regional averages illustrated in Table 7) . In this

map , negative numbers represent costs for E85 lower than for gasoline, and positive numbers represent costs for E85 higher than gasoline. States not highlighted with a color did not have any E85 data points in the current report. In the time period for this report, E85 cost less per gallon than gasoline for

many area s for which prices were available: the best pricing was across the

upper Midwest.

Page 7

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

PROPANE

Table 8. Propane Average Prices by Region from Clean Cities Sources 

### Average prices for propane are illustrated

in Table 8 , grouped by
region. Information on prices for regular gasoline as provided by Propane Information Regular Gasoline Information Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal) Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal)

Average Price Number of Data Average Price Number of Data Points

/ Standard Deviation Points / Standard Deviation

of Price of Price

New England $2.51 / 0.42 8 $2.56 / 0.28 44 

### representatives from

Clean Cities is also Central Atlantic $3.00 / 0.97 25 $2.54 / 0.1 0 28 

### shown. These prices Lower Atlantic $2.8 0 / 0.81 15 $2.32 / 0.07 37 

### were collected from Midwest $2.7 0 / 0.7 0 36 $2.33 / 0.12 124 

### across the country from

Gulf Coast $1.92 / 0.61 43 $2.32 / 0.05 19 

### Clean Cities

$2.18 / 0.49 29 $2.41 / 0.1 0 57 

### Coordinators, fuel Rocky Mountain 

### providers, and other West Coast $2.69 / 1.14 34 $2.75 / 0.21 47 

### stakeholders on a voluntary basis. About

19 0 propane prices were collected in this reporting period

. NATIONAL AVERAGE $2.48 / 0.87 190 $2.44 / 0.24 356



### As Table 8 illustrates regionally , propane prices are somewhat higher than gasoline in s ome regions a nd lower in

others

. Overall, propane was about 4 cents per gallon more than gasoline. Based on calculations of standard deviation in prices, it can be seen that pro pane prices for vehicle use seems to have varied more than gasoline
prices during this sampling period

. 5



### T he map to the right illustrates some cost differentials between propane and regular gasoline on a per

- gallon basis

, based on differentials between propane prices and gasoline prices for each state (versus the regional averages ill ustrated in Table 8) . In this map, negative numbers represent costs for propane lower than costs for gasoline, and positive numbers represent propane prices higher than gasoline. States not highlighted with a color did not have

any propane data points in the current

report. Propane prices were favorable

in T exas and the Southwest

.

5 Prices for propane in this report are from both private fleet refueling stations and public refueling sites that can provide propane for vehicles

and for other uses. The prices at private stations are generally lower, and may be more representative of the prices the majorit y of propane vehicle users pay.



### Page 8

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

BIODIESEL BLENDS: B20

Table 9. Biodiesel (B20) Average Prices by Region from Clean Cities Sources 

### Average prices for

biodiesel in a 20% blend with 80% diesel (B20)

are illustrated in Table 9

, grouped by region

. Information on prices Biodiesel (B20) Information Diesel Information Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal) Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal)

Average Price Approximate Number Average Price Approximate Number of

/ Standard Deviation of Stations / Standard Deviation Stations

of Price of Price

New England $2.53 / 0.57 18 $2.64 / 0.27 31 

### for regular diesel as provided by Clean Cities Central Atlantic $3.16 / 0.72 15 $2.62 / 0.12 13 

### representatives is also Lower Atlantic $2.52 / 0.28 21 $2.45 / 0.09 36 

### shown. These prices Midwest $2.46 / 0.13 29 $2.5 0 / 0.22 62 

### were collected from

Gulf Coast $2.42 / 0.29 7 $2.41 / 0.11 17 

### across the country from

Clean Cities Rocky Mountain $2.6 0 / 0.18 18 $2.49 / 0.19 22 

### Coordinators, fuel West Coast $2.99 / 0.69 31 $2.66 / 0.29 29 

### providers, and other

stakeholders on a voluntary basis. Just

u nder 140 p rices wer e obtained for B20 across the country. NATIONAL AVERAGE $2.69 / 0.5 0 139 $2.54 / 0.19 210



### As Table 9 illustrates, biodiesel in a B20 blend has a n average price per gallon that is somewhat more than conventional diesel fuel in most regions (ranging from 11 c ents below to 53 cents more per gallon) . Based on

calculations of standard de viation on B20 prices, variability in B20 prices was larger than the variability in price of conventional diesel by region. On average in the U.S., biodiesel in a B20 blend costs about 15 cents more per gallon than conventional diesel fuel based on current information

.

The map to the right illustrates some

cost differentials between B20 and diesel on a per

- gallon basis, based on

differentials between biodiesel prices and gasoline prices for each state (versus the regional averages illustr ated in Table 9) . In this map, negative numbers represent costs for B20 lower than costs for diesel, and positive numbers represent B20 prices higher than diesel. States not highlighted with a color did not have any B20 data points in the current report. B20 ha d favorable pricing in M issouri and in the Rocky Mountains

.

Page 9- 

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

BIODIESEL BLENDS : LOW

- LEVEL (B2

- B5)

Average prices for

biodiesel in lower

- level blends (2

- 5% biodiesel in diesel fuel) are

illustrated in Table 10

, grouped by region

. Information on prices for regular diesel as provided by Clean Cities representatives is also shown. These prices

were collected from Table 10. Biodiesel (B2

- B5) Average Prices by Region from Clean Cities Sources

Biodiesel (B2 B5) Information Diesel Information Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal) Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal)

Average Price Number of Data Average Price Number of Data Points

/ Standard Deviation Points / Standard Deviation

of Price of Price

New England $2.5 0 / 0.16 4 $2.64 / 0.27 31

Central Atlantic $2.59 / 0.26 20 $2.62 / 0.12 13

Lower Atlantic $2.47 / 0.15 16 $2.45 / 0.09 36

Midwest $2.48 / 0.16 26 $2.5 0 / 0.22 62

Gulf Coast $2.46 / 0.14 6 $2.41 / 0.11 17

$2.48 / 0.21 4 $2.49 / 0.19 22 

### across the country from Rocky Mountain



### Clean Cities West Coast $2.74 / 0.31 19 $2.66 / 0.29 29 

### Coordinators, fuel providers, and other

stakeholders on a voluntary basis. Almost 100 p rices were obtained from areas offering low

- level biodiesel blends. NATIONAL AVERAGE $2.55 / 0.22 95 $2.54 / 0.19 210



### As Table 10 illustrates regionally

, average prices for low

- level blends of biodiesel are relatively close to average diesel
prices (from 9 cents more to 15 cents less than diesel per gallon)

. Differences in price between low

- level biodiesel blends and regular diesel could be attributed to the relatively small sample size. New England had the most favorable price structure for low

- level biodiesel blends during this time period (based on a small sample)

.

The map to the right illustrates some

cost differentials between low

- level biodiesel blends and regular diesel on a

per

- gallon basis, based on differentials between biodiesel prices and gasoline prices for each state (versus the regional averages illustrated in Table 10 ) . In this map, negative numbers represent costs

for these blends that are lower than costs for diesel, and positive numbers represent prices for these blends that are higher than diesel. States not highlighted with a color did not have

any low

- level biodiesel blend data points in the current report. Favorable

low

- level biodiesel blend pricing may be found in Illinois and Maryland

.

Page 10- 

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

BIODIESEL BLENDS: B100/B99

Average prices for high

level blends of biodiesel (99% or 100% biodiesel with diesel fuel) are illustrated in Table 11

, grouped by region

. Information on prices for regular diesel as provided by Clean Cities representatives is also shown. These prices

were collected from Table 11. Biodiesel (B99

- B100) Average Prices by Region from Clean Cities Sources

Biodiesel (B99 B100) Information Diesel Information Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal) Reported by Clean Cities ($ per gal)

Average Price Number of Data Average Price Number of Data Points

/ Standard Deviation Points / Standard Deviation

of Price of Price

New England $3.25 / 2.05 2 $2.64 / 0.27 31

Central Atlantic $3.06 / 1.22 11 $2.62 / 0.12 13

Lower Atlantic $2.91 / 1.09 5 $2.45 / 0.09 36

Midwest $2.76 / 0.54 3 $2.5 0 / 0.22 62

Gulf Coast $2.19 /
-. -­ 1 $2.41 / 0.11 17

$3.1 0 / 1.4 0 5 $2.49 / 0.19 22 

### across the country from Rocky Mountain



### Clean Cities West Coast $3.17 / 0.52 25 $2.66 / 0.29 29 

### Coordinators, fuel providers, and other

stakeholders on a voluntary basis. J ust over 50 p rice points were collected from stations offering B99/B100 for sale across the

country. NATIONAL AVERAGE $3.08 / 0.62 52 $2.54 / 0.19 210



### As Table 1 1 illustrates regionally, the cost of B99/B100 is generally more than the cost of diesel fuel per gallon in

the regions for which data were collect ed

, up to $0 .61 more than diesel . On average across the nation, B99/B100 is

about 5 4 cents per gallon higher than regular diesel. Based on standard deviation calculations on these price points, it appears that prices for B99/B100 varied more widely in th is time period than regular diesel.

The map to the right illustrates some cost differentials between high

- level biodiesel blends and regular diesel on a

per

- gallon basis, based on differentials between biodiesel prices and gasoline prices for each state (versus the regional averages illustrated in Table 1 1) . In this map, negative numbers represent costs

for these blends that are lower than costs for diesel, and positive numbers represent prices for these blends that are higher than diesel. States not

h ighlighted with a color did not have any high

- level biodiesel blend data points in the current report. Prices for

B100 were favorable in several states for this report

.

Page 11

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

COMPARISON OF PRICES OF THIS REPORT VERSUS LAST REPORT

Table 12 below summarizes the average prices collected for this report by region, and compares them to prices collected in the Price Report from A pril 200 9

. It should be noted that a portion of the price changes could be attributed to differing sample sizes and compo s ition between the two reports.

Table 12. Comparison of Prices, Last Price Report versus Current Price Report

Price for J uly 200 9 Period Price for A

pril 200 9 Period Price Differential J uly vs. April

Gasoline ($ per gallon) National Average

New England

Central Atlantic

Lower Atlantic

Midwest

Gulf Coast

Rocky Mountain

West Coast $2.44

$2.56

$2.54

$2.32

$2.33

$2.32

$2.41

$2.75 $2.02

$2.09

$2.11

$1.99

$1.96

$1.96

$1.99

$2.14 $0.42 / 21%

$0.47 / 22%

$0.43 / 20%

$0.33 / 16%

$0.37 / 19%

$0.35 / 18%

$0.43 / 21%

$0.62 / 29%

Diesel ($ per gallon) National Average

New England

Central Atlantic

Lower Atlantic

Midwest

Gulf Coast

Rocky Mountain

West Coast $2.54

$2.64

$2.62

$2.45

$2.50

$2.41

$2.49

$2.66 $2.27

$2.46

$2.47

$2.19

$2.19

$2.18

$2.21

$2.35 $0.27 / 12%

$0.18 / 7%

$0.15 / 6%

$0.26 / 12%

$0.32 / 14%

$0.23 / 10%

$0.28 / 13%

$0.31 / 13%

Compressed Natural Gas ($ per GGE) National Average

New England

Central Atlantic

Lower Atlantic

Midwest

Gulf Coast

Rocky Mountain

West Coast $1.73

$1.95

$1.95

$1.66

$1.63

$1.92

$1.27

$2.01 $1.64

$2.30

$2.02

$1.61

$1.72

$1.57

$1.15

$1.75 $0.09 / 6%

($0.35) / (15%)

($0.07) / (4%)

$0.06 / 3%

($0.1) / (6%)

$0.35 / 22%

$0.12 / 11%

$0.26 / 15%

Ethanol (E85) ($ per gallon) National Average $2.13 $1.88 $0.25 / 13%

New England $3.08 $2.55 $0.52 / 20%

Central Atlantic $2.18 $1.98 $0.2 0 / 10%

Lower Atlantic $2.23 $1.86 $0.38 / 20%

Midwest $2.05 $1.83 $0.21 / 12%

Gulf Coast $2.01 $1.73 $0.29 / 17%

Rocky Mountain $2.05 $1.78 $0.27 / 15%

West Coast $2.31 $2.14 $0.17 / 8%



### Page 12

## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

Table 12. Comparison of Prices, Last Price Report versus Current Price Report

Price for J uly 200 9 Period Price for A

pril 200 9 Period Price Differential J uly vs. April

Propane ($ per gallon) National Average $2.48 $2.58 ($0.1 0 ) / (4%)

New England $2.51 $2.87 ($0.37) / (13%)

Central Atlantic $3.00 $2.96 $0.05 / 2%

Lower Atlantic $2.80 $2.83 ($0.04) / (1%)

Midwest $2.70 $2.63 $0.07 / 3%

Gulf Coast $1.92 $2.21 ($0.29) / (13%)

Rocky Mountain $2.18 $2.23 ($0.06) / (3%)

West Coast $2.69 $2.48 $0.21 / 9%

Biodiesel (B20) ($ per gallon) National Average

New England

Central Atlantic

Lower Atlantic

Midwest

Gulf Coast

Rocky Mountain

West Coast $2.69

$2.53

$3.16

$2.52

$2.46

$2.42

$2.60

$2.99 $2.49

$2.51

$3.03

$2.30

$2.20

$2.14

$2.40

$2.77 $0.2 0 / 8%

$0.02 / 1%

$0.12 / 4%

$0.22 / 9%

$0.26 / 12%

$0.29 / 13%

$0.2 0 / 8%

$0.22 / 8%

Biodiesel (B2

- B5) ($ per gallon) National Average

New England

Central Atlantic

Lower Atlantic

Midwest

Gulf Coast

Rocky Mountain

West Coast $2.55

$2.50

$2.59

$2.47

$2.48

$2.46

$2.48

$2.74 $2.28

$2.37

$2.33

$2.19

$2.20

$2.20

$2.37

$2.35 $0.27 / 12%

$0.13 / 5%

$0.27 / 11%

$0.28 / 13%

$0.28 / 13%

$0.26 / 12%

$0.11 / 5%

$0.39 / 17%

Biodiesel (B99

- B100) ($ per gallon) National Average

New England

Central Atlantic

Lower Atlantic

Midwest

Gulf Coast

Rocky Mountain

West Coast $3.08

$3.25

$3.06

$2.91

$2.76

$2.19

$3.10

$3.17 $3.27

$4.14

$3.73

$2.90

$2.65

$1.99

$3.86

$3.21 ($0.19) / (6%)

($0.9 0 ) / (22%)

($0.67) / (18%)

$0.01 / 1%

$0.12 / 4%

$0.2 0 / 10%

($0.76) / (20%)

($0.04) / (1%)



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## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

HISTORICAL ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICES FROM PREVIOUS REPORTS

The graphs on this page illustrate the historical
price s for the alternative fuels included in these reports (specifically natural gas, propane, ethanol, and biodiesel) relative to gasoline and diesel. These graphs include prices collected as part of the current Price Report activity, which be gan in September 2005. Natural gas (in GGE), propane, and ethanol have been graphed against gasoline prices, while natural gas (in DGE) and biodiesel have been graphed against diesel prices.

$1.50 $2.00 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00 $4.50Price per Gallon

Gaso ine

Natura Gas (GGE)

Propane

Ethano (E85)

Alternative

Fue Prices

versus

Gasoline

$1.50 $2.00 $2.50 $3.00 $3.50 $4.00 $4.50 $5.00 $5.50Sep05Nov05Jan06Mar06May06Ju06Sep06Nov06Jan07Mar07May07Ju07Sep07Nov07Jan08Mar08May08Ju08Sep08Nov08Jan09Mar09May09Ju09Price per Gallon

Diesel

Natura Gas (DGE)

B od ese (B20)

B od ese (B2/B5)

B od ese (B99/B100)

Alternative

Fue Prices

versus

Diesel



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## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

ILLUSTRATION OF CONVERSION FACTORS FOR FUELS

The standard lower heating values for fuels from the Transportation Energy Databook 2 6 are listed below.

Lower Heating Value

Gasoline 115,400 BTU/gal

Diesel 128,700 BTU/gal

Compressed Natural Gas 960 BTU/cubic foot

Ethanol 75,670 BTU/gal

Propane 83,500 BTU/gal

Biodiesel 117,093 BTU/gal



### Conversion factors to establish prices in dollars per gasoline equivalent gallon are illustrated below, and were developed using the low er heating values outlined above. The conversion

factors are derived in the manner shown in the graphic to the right.

In the case of CNG, prices are provided to us in GGE, so no conversion is necessary (the representative heating value of CNG is provided above as a reference). To convert a price from dollars per gallon to do llars per gasoline equivalent gallon, multiply the price per gallon by the conversion factor.

Conversion factor to

GGE

CNG 1.00

Ethanol (E85) 1.41

Propane 1.38

Biodiesel (B20) 0.91

Biodiesel (B2) 0.90

Biodiesel (B100) 0.99



### Conversion factors to establish prices in dollars per diesel equivalent gallon are illustrated below, and were developed using the lower heating values outlined above. To convert a price from dollars per gallon to dollars per diesel equivalent gallon, multiply the price per ga llon by the conversion factor.

Conversion factor to

DGE

Ethanol (E85) 1.58

Propane 1.54

CNG (in GGE) 1.12

Biodiesel (B20) 1.02

Biodiesel (B2) 1.00

Biodiesel (B100) 1.10



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## CLEAN CITIES ALTERNATIVE FUEL PRICE REPORT J ULY 2009

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors would like to acknowledge all of the contributors from the Clean Cities community who have provided prices for this report: we sincerely appreciate your continued dedication to the success of this report. The authors would also like to acknowledge the continued support of DOE for developing this report.

WOULD YOU LIKE TO PARTICIPATE?

If you would like to provide prices for alternative fuels in your region and be part of the data collection effort for this report, please contact:

Michael D. Laughlin New West Technologies, LLC

4351 Garden City Drive, Suite 600 Landover, MD 20785 (301) 429

- 1180 (phone) (301) 429

- 1185 (FAX) mlaughlin@nwttech.com

DISCLAIMER

This document highlights work sponsored by agencies of the U.S. Government. Neither the U .S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy , completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process dis closed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorse ment, recommendation, or favoring by the U.S. Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the U.S. Government or any agency thereof.



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