EX-10.4



 Exhibit 10.4 
  

					
		  		  	 Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch
 Winchester
house
 1 Great Winchester St,
 London EC2N 2DB

Telephone: 44 20 7545 8000
  

c/o Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.
 60 Wall Street

New York, NY 10005
 Telephone: 212-250-2500


  

			
	August 12, 2014
		
	To:	  	Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
		  	11119 North Torrey Pines Rd
		  	Suite 200
		  	La Jolla, CA 92037
		  	Attn: Charles S. Berkman
		  	Telephone: 858-550-7835
		  	Facsimile: 858-550-7272
		
	From:	  	 Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch
 c/o Deutsche
Bank Securities Inc.

		
	Re:	  	Base Issuer Warrant Transaction
		  	(Transaction Reference Number: 594776)

 Ladies and Gentlemen: 

The purpose of this communication (this “Confirmation”) is to set forth the terms and conditions of the above-referenced
transaction entered into on the Trade Date specified below (the “Transaction”) between Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch (“Dealer”) and Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (“Issuer”). This
communication constitutes a “Confirmation” as referred to in the ISDA Master Agreement specified below. 
 DEUTSCHE BANK AG,
LONDON BRANCH IS NOT REGISTERED AS A BROKER OR DEALER UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED. DEUTSCHE BANK SECURITIES INC. (“AGENT”) HAS ACTED SOLELY AS AGENT IN CONNECTION WITH THE TRANSACTION AND HAS NO OBLIGATION,
BY WAY OF ISSUANCE, ENDORSEMENT, GUARANTEE OR OTHERWISE WITH RESPECT TO THE PERFORMANCE OF EITHER PARTY UNDER THE TRANSACTION. AS SUCH, ALL DELIVERY OF FUNDS, ASSETS, NOTICES, DEMANDS AND COMMUNICATIONS OF ANY KIND RELATING TO THE TRANSACTION
BETWEEN DEALER AND ISSUER SHALL BE TRANSMITTED EXCLUSIVELY THROUGH AGENT. DEUTSCHE BANK AG, LONDON BRANCH IS NOT A MEMBER OF THE SECURITIES INVESTOR PROTECTION CORPORATION (SIPC). 

 

			
	 Chairman of the Supervisory Board: Dr. Paul Achleitner.
  

Management Board: Jürgen Fitschen (Co-Chairman), Anshu Jain (Co-Chairman), Stefan Krause, Stephan Leithner, Stuart Lewis, Rainer Neske and Henry
Ritchotte.
	  	Deutsche Bank AG is authorised under German Banking Law (competent authority: BaFin – Federal Financial Supervising Authority) and by the Prudential Regulation Authority and subject to limited regulation by the Prudential
Regulation Authority and Financial Conduct Authority. Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch is a member of the London Stock Exchange. Deutsche Bank AG is a joint stock corporation with limited liability incorporated in the Federal Republic of Germany HRB
No. 30 000 District Court of Frankfurt am Main; Branch Registration in England and Wales BR000005; Registered address: Winchester House, 1 Great Winchester Street, London EC2N 2DB. Details about the extent of our authorisation and regulation by the
Prudential Regulation Authority, and regulation by the Financial Conduct Authority are available on request or from https://www.db.com/en/content/eu_disclosures_uk.htm.








 1. This Confirmation is subject to, and incorporates, the definitions and provisions of the 2006
ISDA Definitions (the “2006 Definitions”) and the definitions and provisions of the 2002 ISDA Equity Derivatives Definitions (the “Equity Definitions” and, together with the 2006 Definitions, the
“Definitions”), in each case as published by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. (“ISDA”). In the event of any inconsistency between the 2006 Definitions and the Equity Definitions, the Equity
Definitions will govern. For purposes of the Equity Definitions, each reference herein to a Warrant shall be deemed to be a reference to a Call Option or an Option, as context requires. 

This Confirmation evidences a complete and binding agreement between Dealer and Issuer as to the terms of the Transaction to which this
Confirmation relates. This Confirmation shall be subject to an agreement (the “Agreement”) in the form of the ISDA 2002 Master Agreement as if Dealer and Issuer had executed an agreement in such form (without any Schedule but with
the elections set forth in this Confirmation and the election that the “Cross Default” provisions of Section 5(a)(vi) of the Agreement shall apply to Issuer with a “Threshold Amount” of USD 15 million and to Dealer with
a Threshold Amount of 3% of the stockholders’ equity of Deutsche Bank AG, in each case, as if (x) the phrase “, or becoming capable at such time of being declared,” were deleted from Section 5(a)(vi)(1) of the Agreement,
(y) the term “Specified Indebtedness” had the meaning specified in Section 14 of the Agreement, except that such term did not include obligations in respect of deposits received in the ordinary course of a party’s banking
business and (z) the following language shall be added to the end of such Section 5(a)(vi): “Notwithstanding the foregoing, a default under subsection (2) hereof shall not constitute an Event of Default if (i) the default
was caused solely by error or omission of an administrative or operational nature; (ii) funds were available to enable the party to make the payment when due; and (iii) the payment is made within two Local Business Days of such
party’s receipt of written notice of its failure to pay.”). For the avoidance of doubt, the Transaction shall be the only transaction under the Agreement. 

All provisions contained in, or incorporated by reference to, the Agreement will govern this Confirmation except as expressly modified herein.
In the event of any inconsistency between this Confirmation and either the Definitions or the Agreement, this Confirmation shall govern. For the avoidance of doubt, except to the extent of an express conflict, the application of any provision of
this Confirmation, the Agreement or the Equity Definitions shall not be construed to exclude or limit the application of any other provision of this Confirmation, the Agreement or the Equity Definitions. 

2. The Transaction is a Warrant Transaction, which shall be considered a Share Option Transaction for purposes of the Equity Definitions. The
terms of the particular Transaction to which this Confirmation relates are as follows: 
 General Terms: 

 

							
	 Trade Date:
	  	August 12, 2014
		
	 Effective Date:
	  	August 18, 2014, or such other date as agreed between the parties, subject to Section 8(n) below
		
	 Components:
	  	The Transaction will be divided into individual Components, each with the terms set forth in this Confirmation, and, in particular, with the Number of Warrants and Expiration Date set forth in this Confirmation. The payments and
deliveries to be made upon settlement of the Transaction will be determined separately for each Component as if each Component were a separate Transaction under the Agreement.
		
	 Warrant Style:
	  	European
		
	 Warrant Type:
	  	Call
		
	 Seller:
	  	Issuer
		
	 Buyer:
	  	Dealer
		
	 Shares:
	  	The common stock of Issuer, par value USD 0.001 per share (Ticker Symbol: “LGND”).


  
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	 Number of Warrants:
	  	For each Component, as provided in Annex A to this Confirmation.
		
	 Warrant Entitlement:
	  	One Share per Warrant
		
	 Strike Price:
	  	As provided in Annex A to this Confirmation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Agreement, this Confirmation or the Equity Definitions, in no event shall the Strike Price be subject to adjustment to the extent
that, after giving effect to such adjustment, the Strike Price would be less than USD 55.59, except for any adjustment pursuant to the terms of this Confirmation and the Equity Definitions in connection with stock splits or similar changes to
Issuer’s capitalization.
		
	 Premium:
	  	As provided in Annex A to this Confirmation.
		
	 Premium Payment Date:
	  	The Effective Date
		
	 Exchange:
	  	NASDAQ Global Market
		
	 Related Exchange:
	  	All Exchanges
		
	Procedures for Exercise:	  	
		
	 In respect of any Component:
	  	
		
	 Expiration Time:
	  	Valuation Time
		
	 Expiration Date:
	  	As provided in Annex A to this Confirmation (or, if such date is not a Scheduled Trading Day, the next following Scheduled Trading Day that is not already an Expiration Date for another Component); provided that if
that date is a Disrupted Day, the Expiration Date for such Component shall be the first succeeding Scheduled Trading Day that is not a Disrupted Day and is not or is not already deemed to be an Expiration Date in respect of any other Component of
the Transaction hereunder; and provided further that if the Expiration Date has not occurred pursuant to the preceding proviso as of the Final Disruption Date, Dealer may elect in its reasonable discretion that the Final Disruption Date shall
be the Expiration Date (irrespective of whether such date is an Expiration Date in respect of any other Component for the Transaction) and, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Confirmation or the Definitions, the VWAP Price for such
Expiration Date shall be the prevailing market value per Share determined by the Calculation Agent in a commercially reasonable manner. “Final Disruption Date” has the meaning provided in Annex A to this Confirmation.
Notwithstanding the foregoing and anything to the contrary in the Equity Definitions, if a Market Disruption Event occurs on any Expiration Date, the Calculation Agent, acting commercially reasonably, may determine that such Expiration Date is a
Disrupted Day only in part, in which case (i) the Calculation Agent shall make commercially reasonable adjustments to the Number of Warrants for the relevant Component for which such day shall be the Expiration Date and shall designate the Scheduled
Trading Day determined in the manner described in the second preceding sentence as the Expiration Date for the remaining Warrants for such Component, and (ii) the VWAP Price for such Disrupted Day shall be determined by the Calculation Agent based
on transactions in the Shares on such Disrupted Day taking into account the nature and duration of such Market Disruption Event on such day. Any


  
 3 









							
		  	Scheduled Trading Day on which, as of the date hereof, the Exchange is scheduled to close prior to its normal close of trading shall be deemed not to be a Scheduled Trading Day; if a closure of the Exchange prior to its normal close
of trading on any Scheduled Trading Day is scheduled following the date hereof, but prior to the open of the regular trading session of the Exchange on such day, then such Scheduled Trading Day shall be deemed to be a Disrupted Day in full. Section
6.6 of the Equity Definitions shall not apply to any Valuation Date occurring in respect of an Expiration Date.
		
	 Market Disruption Event:
	  	Section 6.3(a) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended (A) by deleting the words “during the one hour period that ends at the relevant Valuation Time, Latest Exercise Time, Knock-in Valuation Time or Knock-out Valuation
Time, as the case may be,” in clause (ii) thereof and (B) by replacing the words “or (iii) an Early Closure.” therein with “(iii) an Early Closure, or (iv) a Regulatory Disruption.”
		
		  	Section 6.3(d) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended by deleting the remainder of the provision following the term “Scheduled Closing Time” in the fourth line thereof.
		
	 Regulatory Disruption:
	  	Any event that Dealer, in its reasonable discretion, based on advice of counsel, determines makes it appropriate with regard to any legal, regulatory or self-regulatory requirements or related policies and procedures (whether or not
such requirements, policies or procedures are imposed by law or have been voluntarily adopted by Dealer in good faith in relation to such requirements), for Dealer to refrain from or decrease any market activity in connection with the Transaction.
Dealer shall notify Issuer as soon as reasonably practicable that a Regulatory Disruption has occurred and the Expiration Dates affected by it.
		
	 Automatic Exercise:
	  	Applicable; and means that the Number of Warrants for each Component will be deemed to be automatically exercised at the Expiration Time on the Expiration Date for such Component unless Dealer notifies Seller (by telephone or in
writing) prior to the Expiration Time on the Expiration Date that it does not wish Automatic Exercise to occur, in which case Automatic Exercise will not apply.
		
	 Issuer’s Telephone Number and Telex and/or Facsimile Number and Contact Details for purpose of Giving Notice:
	  	To be provided by Issuer.
		
	Settlement Terms:	  	
		
	 In respect of any Component:
	  	
		
	 Settlement Currency:
	  	USD
		
	 Net Share Settlement:
	  	On each Settlement Date, Issuer shall deliver to Dealer a number of Shares equal to the Number of Shares to be Delivered for such Settlement Date to the account specified by Dealer and cash in lieu of any fractional shares valued at
the VWAP Price on the Valuation Date corresponding to such Settlement Date.


  
 4 









							
	 Number of Shares to be Delivered:
	  	In respect of any Exercise Date, the product of (i) the number of Warrants exercised or deemed exercised on such Exercise Date, (ii) the Warrant Entitlement and (iii) (A) the excess, if any, of the VWAP Price on the Valuation Date
occurring in respect of such Exercise Date over the Strike Price divided by (B) such VWAP Price.
		
		  	The Number of Shares to be Delivered shall be delivered by Issuer to Dealer no later than noon (local time in New York City) on the relevant Settlement Date.
		
	 VWAP Price:
	  	For any Valuation Date, the dollar volume weighted average price per Share for such Valuation Date based on transactions executed during such Valuation Date, as reported on Bloomberg Page “LGND <Equity> AQR” (or any
successor thereto) or, in the event such price is not so reported on such Valuation Date for any reason or is manifestly incorrect, as reasonably determined by the Calculation Agent using a volume weighted method.
		
	 Other Applicable Provisions:
	  	The provisions of Sections 1.27, 9.1(c), 9.8, 9.9, 9.11 (except that the Representation and Agreement contained in Section 9.11 of the Equity Definitions shall be modified by excluding any representations therein relating to
restrictions, obligations, limitations or requirements under applicable securities laws arising as a result of the fact that Seller is the Issuer of the Shares), 9.12 and 10.5 of the Equity Definitions will be applicable as if “Physical
Settlement” applied to the Transaction.
		
	Adjustments:	  	
		
	 In respect of any Component:
	  	
		
	 Method of Adjustment:
	  	Calculation Agent Adjustment
		
	 Extraordinary Dividend:
	  	Any Dividend that has an ex-dividend date occurring on or after the Trade Date and on or prior to the date on which Issuer satisfies all of its delivery obligations hereunder.
		
	 Dividend:
	  	Any dividend or distribution on the Shares (other than any dividend or distribution of the type described in Sections 11.2(e)(i), 11.2(e)(ii)(A) or 11.2(e)(ii)(B) of the Equity Definitions).
		
	Extraordinary Events:	  	
		
	 Consequences of Merger Events:
	  	
				
		 	(a)	 	Share-for-Share:	  	Modified Calculation Agent Adjustment
				
		 	(b)	 	Share-for-Other:	  	Cancellation and Payment (Calculation Agent Determination)
				
		 	(c)	 	Share-for-Combined:	  	Modified Calculation Agent Adjustment; provided that, in its commercially reasonable discretion, the Calculation Agent may elect Cancellation and Payment (Calculation Agent Determination) for all or any part of the
Transaction.
		
	 Tender Offer:
	  	Applicable
		
	 Consequences of Tender Offers:
	  	
				
		 	(a)	 	Share-for-Share:	  	Modified Calculation Agent Adjustment
				
		 	(b)	 	Share-for-Other:	  	Modified Calculation Agent Adjustment
				
		 	(c)	 	Share-for-Combined:	  	Modified Calculation Agent Adjustment.


  
 5 









							
		
	 Composition of Combined Consideration:
	  	Not Applicable; provided that, notwithstanding Sections 12.1(f) and 12.5(b) of the Equity Definitions, to the extent that the composition of the consideration for the relevant Shares pursuant to a Tender Offer or Merger Event
could be elected by a holder of the Shares, the Calculation Agent will determine such composition.
		
	 Modified Calculation Agent Adjustment:
	  	If, in respect of any Merger Event to which Modified Calculation Agent Adjustment applies, the adjustments to be made in accordance with Section 12.2(e)(i) of the Equity Definitions would result in “Issuer” hereunder being
different from the issuer of the Shares, then with respect to such Merger Event, as a condition precedent to the adjustments contemplated in Section 12.2(e)(i) of the Equity Definitions, Dealer, the Issuer of the Affected Shares and the entity that
will be the Issuer of the New Shares shall, prior to the Merger Date, have entered into such documentation containing representations, warranties and agreements relating to securities law and other issues as requested by Dealer that Dealer has
determined, in its reasonable discretion, to be reasonably necessary or appropriate to allow Dealer to continue as a party to the Transaction, as adjusted under Section 12.2(e)(i) of the Equity Definitions, and to preserve its hedging or hedge
unwind activities in connection with the Transaction in a manner compliant with applicable legal, regulatory or self-regulatory requirements, or with related policies and procedures applicable to Dealer (whether or not such requirements, policies or
procedures are imposed by law or have been voluntarily adopted by Dealer in good faith in relation to such requirements), and if such conditions are not met or if the Calculation Agent determines that no adjustment that it could make under Section
12.2(e)(i) of the Equity Definitions will produce a commercially reasonable result, then the consequences set forth in Section 12.2(e)(ii) of the Equity Definitions shall apply.
		
	 Consequences of Announcement Events:
	  	If an Announcement Event occurs, then on a date occurring a commercially reasonable period of time after the date of the relevant Announcement Event (the “Announcement Event Adjustment Date”), in respect of each
Option, the Calculation Agent will determine the cumulative economic effect on such Option of the Announcement Event, if any (without duplication in respect of any other adjustment or cancellation valuation made pursuant to the Equity Definitions,
hereunder or under the Agreement, regardless of whether the Announcement Event actually results in a Merger Event, Tender Offer or Acquisition Transaction, and taking into account such factors as the Calculation Agent shall determine appropriate,
including, without limitation, changes in volatility, expected dividends or liquidity relevant to the Shares or the Transaction for the period from the time immediately prior to such Announcement Event to the relevant Announcement Event Adjustment
Date, and taking into account a commercially reasonable Hedge Position with respect to the Transaction). If the Calculation Agent determines that such cumulative economic effect on any Option is material, then on
the


  
 6 









							
		  	Announcement Event Adjustment Date for such Option, the Calculation Agent shall make such adjustment to the terms of the Transaction as the Calculation Agent determines appropriate to account for such cumulative economic effect and
determine the effective date of such adjustment. An Announcement Event shall be an “Extraordinary Event” for purposes of the Equity Definitions, to which Article 12 of the Equity Definitions is applicable.
		
	 Announcement Event:
	  	(i) The public announcement by any entity of (x) any transaction or event that, if completed, would constitute a Merger Event or Tender Offer, (y) any acquisition by Issuer or any of its subsidiaries where the aggregate
consideration exceeds 60% of the market capitalization of Issuer as of the date of such announcement (an “Acquisition Transaction”) or (z) the intention to enter into a Merger Event or Tender Offer or an Acquisition Transaction,
(ii) the public announcement by Issuer of an intention to solicit or enter into, or to explore strategic alternatives or other similar undertaking that may include, a Merger Event or Tender Offer or an Acquisition Transaction or (iii) any subsequent
public announcement by any entity of a withdrawal, discontinuation, termination or other change to a transaction or intention that is the subject of an announcement of the type described in clause (i) or (ii) of this sentence, as determined, in each
case, by the Calculation Agent. For purposes of this definition of “Announcement Event,” the remainder of the definition of “Merger Event” in Section 12.1(b) of the Equity Definitions following the definition of
“Reverse Merger” therein shall be disregarded.
		
	 New Shares:
	  	In the definition of New Shares in Section 12.1(i) of the Equity Definitions, (a) the text in clause (i) thereof shall be deleted in its entirety (including the word “and” following such clause (i)) and replaced with
“publicly quoted, traded or listed on any of the New York Stock Exchange, The NASDAQ Global Select Market or The NASDAQ Global Market (or their respective successors),” and (b) the phrase “and (iii) issued by a corporation organized
under the laws of the United States, any State thereof or the District of Columbia” shall be inserted immediately prior to the period.
		
	 Nationalization, Insolvency or Delisting:
	  	Cancellation and Payment (Calculation Agent Determination); provided that, in addition to the provisions of Section 12.6(a)(iii) of the Equity Definitions, it shall also constitute a Delisting if the Exchange is located in
the United States and the Shares are not immediately re-listed, re-traded or re-quoted on any of the New York Stock Exchange, The NASDAQ Global Select Market or The NASDAQ Global Market (or their respective successors); if the Shares are immediately
re-listed, re-traded or re-quoted on any such exchange or quotation system, such exchange or quotation system shall thereafter be deemed to be the Exchange.
		
	 Additional Disruption Events:
	  	
				
		 	(a)	 	Change in Law:	  	Applicable; provided that Section 12.9(a)(ii) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended by (x) adding the words “(including, for the avoidance of doubt and without limitation, adoption or promulgation of new
regulations authorized or


  
 7 









							
		 		 		  	mandated by existing statute)” after the word “regulation” in the second line thereof, (y) adding the words “or any Hedge Positions” after the word “Shares” in the clause (X) thereof and (z) adding
the words “, or holding, acquiring or disposing of Shares or any Hedge Positions relating to,” after the words “obligations under” in clause (Y) thereof.
				
		 	(b)	 	Failure to Deliver:	  	Applicable
				
		 	(c)	 	Insolvency Filing:	  	Applicable
				
		 	(d)	 	Hedging Disruption:	  	Applicable; provided that:
				
		 		 		  	(i) Section 12.9(a)(v) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended by (a) inserting the following words at the end of clause (A) thereof: “in the manner contemplated by the Hedging Party on the Trade Date” and (b)
inserting the following two phrases at the end of such Section:
				
		 		 		  	“For the avoidance of doubt, the term “equity price risk” shall be deemed to include, but shall not be limited to, stock price and volatility risk. And, for the further avoidance of doubt, any such transactions or
assets referred to in phrases (A) or (B) above must be available on commercially reasonable pricing terms.”; and
				
		 		 		  	(ii) Section 12.9(b)(iii) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended by inserting in the third line thereof, after the words “to terminate the Transaction”, the words “or a portion of the Transaction affected by such
Hedging Disruption”.
				
		 	(e)	 	Increased Cost of Hedging:	  	Not Applicable
				
		 	(f)	 	Loss of Stock Borrow:	  	Applicable
				
		 		 	Maximum Stock Loan Rate:	  	As provided in Annex A to this Confirmation.
				
		 	(g)	 	Increased Cost of Stock Borrow:	  	Applicable
				
		 		 	Initial Stock Loan Rate:	  	As provided in Annex A to this Confirmation.
		
	 Hedging Party:
	  	Dealer for all applicable Potential Adjustment Events and Extraordinary Events
		
	 Determining Party:
	  	Dealer for all applicable Extraordinary Events
		
	 Non-Reliance:
	  	Applicable
		
	 Agreements and Acknowledgments Regarding Hedging Activities:
	  	Applicable
		
	 Additional Acknowledgments:
	  	Applicable


  
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	 3. Calculation Agent:
	  	Dealer, whose judgments, determinations and calculations shall be made in good faith and in a commercially reasonable manner. Following any determination or calculation by the Calculation Agent hereunder, upon a written request by
Issuer, the Calculation Agent shall promptly (but in any event within five Scheduled Trading Days) provide to Issuer by email to the email address provided by Issuer in such request a report (in a commonly used file format for the storage and
manipulation of financial data) displaying in reasonable detail the basis for such determination or calculation (including any assumptions used in making such determination or calculation), it being understood that the Calculation Agent shall not be
obligated to disclose any proprietary or confidential data or information or any proprietary or confidential models used by it for such determination or calculation.
		
	 4. Account Details:
	  	
			
		 	Dealer Payment Instructions:	  	Bank of New York
		  	ABA#: 021-000-018
		  	Account Name: Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.
		  	Account No.: 8900327634
			
		 	Issuer Payment Instructions:	  	To be provided by Issuer.
		
	 5. Offices:
	  	
		
		 	The Office of Dealer for the Transaction is: London
		
		 	The Office of Issuer for the Transaction is: Not applicable
	
	 6. Notices: For purposes of this Confirmation:

	
	 (a)    Address for notices or communications to
Issuer:


  

			
	To:	  	Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
		  	11119 North Torrey Pines Rd
		  	Suite 200
		  	La Jolla, CA 92037
	Attn:	  	Charles S. Berkman
	Telephone:	  	858-550-7835
	Facsimile:	  	858-550-7272


							
	
	 (b)    Address for notices or communications to
Dealer:


  

			
	To:	  	Deutsche Bank AG, London Branch
		  	c/o Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.
		  	60 Wall Street
		  	New York, NY 10005
	Attention:	  	Andrew Yaeger
		  	Faiz Khan
	Telephone:	  	(212) 250-2717
		  	(212) 250-0668
	Email:	  	Andrew.Yaeger@db.com
		  	Faiz.Khan@db.com


  
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 7. Representations, Warranties and Agreements: 

(a) In addition to the representations and warranties in the Agreement and those contained elsewhere herein, Issuer represents and warrants to
and for the benefit of, and agrees with, Dealer as follows: 
 (i) On the Trade Date and any date on which Issuer makes an
election hereunder, (A) Issuer is not aware of any material nonpublic information regarding Issuer or the Shares and (B) all reports and other documents filed by Issuer with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), when considered as a whole (with the more recent such reports and documents deemed to amend inconsistent statements contained in any earlier such reports and documents), do not
contain any untrue statement of a material fact or any omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading. 

(ii) Without limiting the generality of Section 13.1 of the Equity Definitions, Issuer acknowledges that Dealer is not
making any representations or warranties or taking any position or expressing any view with respect to the treatment of the Transaction under any accounting standards including ASC Topic 260, Earnings Per Share, ASC Topic 815, Derivatives
and Hedging, or ASC Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity and ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (or any successor issue statements) or under FASB’s
Liabilities & Equity Project. 
 (iii) On or reasonably promptly following the Trade Date, Issuer shall deliver to
Dealer a resolution of Issuer’s board of directors or any committee thereof (together with a resolution of Issuer’s board of directors authorizing such committee to take such actions) authorizing the Transaction and such other certificate
or certificates as Dealer shall, prior to the Trade Date, reasonably request. 
 (iv) Issuer is not entering into this
Confirmation nor making any election hereunder to create actual or apparent trading activity in the Shares (or any security convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) or to raise or depress or otherwise manipulate the price of the Shares (or any
security convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) or otherwise in violation of the Exchange Act. 
 (v) Issuer is not,
and after giving effect to the transactions contemplated hereby will not be, required to register as an “investment company” as such term is defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. 

(vi) On the Trade Date, (A) the assets of Issuer at their fair valuation exceed the liabilities of Issuer, including
contingent liabilities, (B) the capital of Issuer is adequate to conduct the business of Issuer and (C) Issuer has the ability to pay its debts and obligations as such debts mature and does not intend to, or does not believe that it will,
incur debt beyond its ability to pay as such debts mature. 
 (vii) Issuer shall not take any action to decrease the number
of Available Shares below the Capped Number (each as defined below). 
 (viii) The representations and warranties of Issuer
set forth in Section 3 of the Agreement and Section 1 of the Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) dated as of the Trade Date between Issuer and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., as representatives of the several Initial Purchasers party thereto are true and correct and are hereby deemed to be repeated to Dealer as if set forth herein. 

(ix) Issuer understands no obligations of Dealer to it hereunder will be entitled to the benefit of deposit insurance and that
such obligations will not be guaranteed by any Affiliate of Dealer or any governmental agency. 
 (x) During the period
starting on the first Expiration Date and ending on the last Expiration Date (the “Settlement Period”), the Shares and any securities that are convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, Shares will not be subject to a
“restricted period,” as such term is defined in Regulation M under the Exchange Act, unless Issuer has provided written notice (which notice shall be deemed to contain representations and warranties that, as of the time such notice is
given, (i) Issuer is not in possession of material nonpublic information with respect to Issuer or the Shares and (ii) Issuer is not engaging in the related activity to create actual or apparent trading activity in the Shares (or any
security convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) or to raise or depress or otherwise manipulate the price of the Shares (or any security convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) or otherwise in violation of the Exchange Act) to Dealer of
the relevant “restricted period” not later than the Scheduled Trading Day immediately preceding the first day of such “restricted period”; provided that (I) Issuer shall provide written notice (which notice shall be
deemed to contain representations and warranties that, as of the time such notice is given, (i) Issuer is not in possession of material 

  
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nonpublic information with respect to Issuer or the Shares and (ii) Issuer is not engaging in the related activity to create actual or apparent trading activity in the Shares (or any
security convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) or to raise or depress or otherwise manipulate the price of the Shares (or any security convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) or otherwise in violation of the Exchange Act) to Dealer of
the end of the relevant “restricted period” not later than the last day of such “restricted period”, (II) Issuer acknowledges and agrees that any notice under this clause (x) may result in a Regulatory Disruption or other
adjustments in accordance with the terms of this Confirmation, (III) the Calculation Agent shall make an adjustment in respect of any one or more of the terms relevant to the exercise, settlement, payment or other terms of the relevant Options to
preserve the fair value of the Options to Dealer after taking into account such Regulatory Disruption, (IV) the aggregate number of Scheduled Trading Days that occur during any such “restricted period” (in the aggregate across all such
“restricted periods” to which this clause (x) applies) will not exceed 15 Scheduled Trading Days and (V) the aggregate number of “restricted periods” to which this clause (x) applies will not exceed three
“restricted periods”. 
 (xi) On each day during the Settlement Period, neither Issuer nor any “affiliated
purchaser” (each as defined in Rule 10b-18 under the Exchange Act (“Rule 10b-18”)) shall, without the consent of Dealer, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, directly or indirectly (including,
without limitation, by means of any cash-settled or other derivative instrument) purchase, offer to purchase, place any bid or limit order that would effect a purchase of, or commence any tender offer relating to, any Shares (or an equivalent
interest, including a unit of beneficial interest in a trust or limited partnership or a depository share) or any security convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Shares; provided that such restrictions will not apply to the
following: (A) privately negotiated, off-market purchases of Shares (or any security convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) at or below the then-prevailing fair market price thereof; (B) purchases of Shares pursuant to exercises of
stock options granted to former or current employees, officers, directors, independent contractors or other affiliates of Issuer, including the withholding and/or purchase of Shares from holders of such options to satisfy payment of the option
exercise price and/or to satisfy tax withholding requirements in connection with the exercise of such options; (C) purchases of Shares from holders of performance shares or units or restricted shares or units to satisfy tax withholding
requirements in connection with vesting; (D) the conversion or exchange by holders of any convertible or exchangeable securities of Issuer pursuant to the terms of such securities; or (E) purchases of Shares effected by or for a plan by an
agent that satisfy the requirements of Rule 10b-18(a)(13)(ii). 
 (xii) On the Trade Date, (or, with respect to clause
(C)(ii), the Effective Date) and at all times until termination or earlier expiration of the Transaction, (A) a number of Shares equal to the Capped Number have been reserved for issuance by all required corporate action of Issuer, (B) the
Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (the “Warrant Shares”) have been duly authorized and, when delivered against payment therefor (which may include Net Share Settlement in lieu of cash) and otherwise as contemplated by
the terms of the Warrant following the exercise of the Warrant in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Warrant, will be validly issued, fully-paid and non-assessable and (C)(i) the issuance of the Warrant Shares will not be subject to any
preemptive or similar rights and (ii) the Warrant Shares shall upon issuance be accepted for listing or quotation on the Exchange. 

(xiii) To Issuer’s actual knowledge, no state or local (including non-U.S. jurisdictions) or non-U.S. federal law, rule,
regulation or regulatory order applicable to the Shares would give rise to any reporting, consent, registration or other requirement (including without limitation a requirement to obtain prior approval from any person or entity) as a result of
Dealer or its affiliates owning or holding (however defined) Shares. 
 (b) Each of Dealer and Issuer agrees and represents that it is an
“eligible contract participant” as defined in Section 1a(18) of the U.S. Commodity Exchange Act, as amended. 
 (c) Each of
Dealer and Issuer acknowledges that the offer and sale of the Transaction to it is intended to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), by virtue of Section 4(a)(2)
thereof. Accordingly, Dealer represents and warrants to Issuer that (i) it has the financial ability to bear the economic risk of its investment in the Transaction and is able to bear a total loss of its investment, (ii) it is an
“accredited investor” as that term is defined in Regulation D as promulgated under the Securities Act, (iii) it is entering into the Transaction for its own account and without a view to the distribution or resale thereof and
(iv) the assignment, transfer or other disposition of the Transaction has not been and will not be registered under the Securities Act and is restricted under this Confirmation, the Securities Act and state securities laws. 

  
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 (d) Issuer agrees and acknowledges that Dealer is a “financial institution” and
“financial participant” within the meaning of Sections 101(22) and 101(22A) of Title 11 of the United States Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”). The parties hereto further agree and acknowledge that it is the intent of the
parties that (A) this Confirmation is (i) a “securities contract,” as such term is defined in Section 741(7) of the Bankruptcy Code, with respect to which each payment and delivery hereunder or in connection herewith is a
“termination value,” “payment amount” or “other transfer obligation” within the meaning of Section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code and a “settlement payment,” within the meaning of Section 546 of the
Bankruptcy Code and (ii) a “swap agreement,” as such term is defined in Section 101(53B) of the Bankruptcy Code, with respect to which each payment and delivery hereunder or in connection herewith is a “termination
value,” “payment amount” or “other transfer obligation” within the meaning of Section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code and a “transfer,” as such term is defined in Section 101(54) of the Bankruptcy Code and a
“termination value, payment amount, or other transfer obligation” within the meaning of Sections 362 and 546 of the Bankruptcy Code, and (B) Dealer is entitled to the protections afforded by, among other sections, Sections 362(b)(6),
362(b)(27), 362(o), 546(e), 546(j), 548(d)(2), 555 and 561 of the Bankruptcy Code. 
 (e) Issuer shall deliver to Dealer an opinion
of counsel, dated as of the Effective Date and reasonably acceptable to Dealer in form and substance, with respect to the matters set forth in Section 3(a) of the Agreement, Section 7(a)(v) and clauses (A), (B) and (C)(i) of
Section 7(a)(xii) of this Confirmation (replacing, solely for these purposes, the words “On the Trade Date (or, with respect to clause (C)(ii), the Effective Date) and at all times until termination or earlier expiration of the
Transaction” with the words “On the Effective Date”) and such other matters as Dealer may, prior to the Trade Date, reasonably request; provided that any such opinion of counsel may contain customary exceptions and
qualifications, including, without limitation, exceptions and qualifications relating to indemnification provisions. 
 8. Other
Provisions: 
 (a) Alternative Calculations and Payment on Early Termination and on Certain Extraordinary Events. If Issuer shall
owe Dealer any amount pursuant to Sections 12.2, 12.3, 12.6, 12.7 or 12.9 of the Equity Definitions or pursuant to Section 6(d)(ii) of the Agreement (a “Payment Obligation”), Issuer shall have the right, in its sole discretion,
to satisfy any such Payment Obligation by the Share Termination Alternative (as defined below) by giving irrevocable telephonic notice to Dealer, confirmed in writing within one Scheduled Trading Day, no later than 9:30 A.M. New York City time on
the Merger Date, Tender Offer Date, Announcement Date, Early Termination Date or date of cancellation or termination in respect of another Extraordinary Event, as applicable (“Notice of Share Termination”); provided that if
Issuer does not elect to satisfy its Payment Obligation by the Share Termination Alternative, Dealer shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to elect to require Issuer to satisfy its Payment Obligation by the Share Termination Alternative,
notwithstanding Issuer’s failure to elect or election to the contrary; and provided further that Issuer shall not have the right to so elect (but, for the avoidance of doubt, Dealer shall have the right to so elect) in the event
(i) of an Insolvency, a Nationalization, a Tender Offer or a Merger Event, in each case, in which the consideration or proceeds to be paid to holders of Shares consists solely of cash, (ii) of an Event of Default in which Issuer is the
Defaulting Party or a Termination Event in which Issuer is the Affected Party or an Extraordinary Event, which Event of Default, Termination Event or Extraordinary Event resulted from an event or events within Issuer’s control or
(iii) that Issuer fails to remake the representation set forth in Section 7(a)(i) as of the date of such election. Upon such Notice of Share Termination, the following provisions shall apply on the Scheduled Trading Day immediately
following the Merger Date, the Tender Offer Date, Announcement Date, Early Termination Date or date of cancellation or termination in respect of another Extraordinary Event, as applicable: 

 

			
	Share Termination Alternative:	  	If applicable, means that Issuer shall deliver to Dealer the Share Termination Delivery Property on the date on which the Payment Obligation would otherwise be due pursuant to Section 12.7 or 12.9 of the Equity Definitions or
Section 6(d)(ii) of the Agreement, as applicable, or such later date or dates as the Calculation Agent may reasonably determine (the “Share Termination Payment Date”), in satisfaction of the Payment Obligation.
		
	Share Termination Delivery Property:	  	A number of Share Termination Delivery Units, as calculated by the Calculation Agent, equal to the Payment Obligation divided by the Share Termination Unit Price. The Calculation Agent shall adjust the Share Termination Delivery
Property by replacing any fractional portion of the aggregate amount of a security therein with an amount of cash equal to the value of such fractional security based on the values used to calculate the Share Termination Unit
Price.


  
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	Share Termination Unit Price:	  	The value of property contained in one Share Termination Delivery Unit on the date such Share Termination Delivery Units are to be delivered as Share Termination Delivery Property, as determined by the Calculation Agent in its
discretion by commercially reasonable means and notified by the Calculation Agent to Issuer.
		
	Share Termination Delivery Unit:	  	In the case of a Termination Event, Event of Default, Delisting, Additional Disruption Event or Announcement Event, one Share or, in the case of an Insolvency, Nationalization, Merger Event or Tender Offer, one Share or a unit
consisting of the number or amount of each type of property received by a holder of one Share (without consideration of any requirement to pay cash or other consideration in lieu of fractional amounts of any securities) in such Insolvency,
Nationalization, Merger Event or Tender Offer, as applicable. If such Insolvency, Nationalization, Merger Event or Tender Offer involves a choice of consideration to be received by holders, such holder shall be deemed to have elected to receive the
maximum possible amount of cash.
		
	Failure to Deliver:	  	Applicable
		
	Other applicable provisions:	  	If Share Termination Alternative is applicable, the provisions of Sections 1.27, 9.8, 9.9 and 9.11 (except that the Representation and Agreement contained in Section 9.11 of the Equity Definitions shall be modified by excluding any
representations therein relating to restrictions, obligations, limitations or requirements under applicable securities laws arising as a result of the fact that Seller is the issuer of the Shares or any portion of the Share Termination Delivery
Units), 9.12 and 10.5 of the Equity Definitions will be applicable as if “Physical Settlement” applied to the Transaction, except that all references to “Shares” shall be read as references to “Share Termination Delivery
Units”.

 (b) Private Placement Procedures. (i) If, in the reasonable judgment of Dealer, based on
advice of counsel, for any reason, any Shares or any securities of Issuer or its affiliates comprising any Share Termination Delivery Units deliverable to Dealer hereunder (any such Shares or securities, “Delivered
Securities”) would not be immediately freely transferable by Dealer under Rule 144 under the Securities Act, then the provisions set forth in this Section 8(b) shall apply. In such event, Issuer shall deliver additional
Delivered Securities so that the value of such Delivered Securities, as determined by the Calculation Agent to reflect a commercially reasonable liquidity discount, equals the value of the number of Delivered Securities that would otherwise be
deliverable if such Delivered Securities were freely tradeable (without prospectus delivery) upon receipt by Dealer (such value, the “Freely Tradeable Value”).  

(ii) (A) Dealer (or an Affiliate of Dealer designated by Dealer) and any potential institutional purchaser of any such Delivered
Securities from Dealer or such Affiliate identified by Dealer shall be afforded a commercially reasonable opportunity to conduct a due diligence investigation in compliance with applicable law with respect to Issuer customary in scope for private
placements of equity securities of substantially similar size for similar issuers (including, without limitation, the right to have made available to them for inspection all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and other
information reasonably requested by them); 
 (B) Dealer (or an Affiliate of Dealer designated by Dealer) and Issuer shall
enter into an agreement (a “Private Placement Agreement”) on commercially reasonable terms in connection with the private placement of such Delivered Securities by Issuer to Dealer or such Affiliate and the private resale of such
Delivered Securities by Dealer or such Affiliate, substantially similar to private placement purchase agreements customary for private placements of equity securities of substantially similar size for similar issuers, in form and substance
commercially reasonably satisfactory to Dealer and Issuer, which Private Placement Agreement shall include, without limitation, provisions substantially similar to those contained in such private placement purchase agreements relating to the
indemnification of, and contribution in connection with the liability of, Dealer and its Affiliates and Issuer, shall provide for the payment by Issuer of all expenses in connection with such resale, including all fees and expenses of counsel for
Dealer, shall contain representations, warranties and agreements of Issuer reasonably necessary or advisable to establish and maintain the availability of an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act for such resale, and
shall use best efforts to provide for the delivery of accountants’ “comfort letters” to Dealer or such Affiliate with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained in or incorporated by reference into
the offering memorandum prepared for the resale of such Delivered Securities; and 

  
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 (C) Issuer agrees that (i) any Delivered Securities so delivered to Dealer
may be transferred by and among Dealer and its Affiliates, and Issuer shall effect such transfer without any further action by Dealer and (ii) after the minimum “holding period” within the meaning of Rule 144(d) under the Securities
Act has elapsed with respect to such Delivered Securities, Issuer shall promptly remove, or cause the transfer agent for such Delivered Securities to remove, any legends referring to any such restrictions or requirements from any Delivered
Securities, without any further requirement for the delivery of any certificate, consent, agreement, opinion of counsel, notice or any other document, any transfer tax stamps or payment of any other amount or any other action by Dealer (or such
affiliate of Dealer). 
 (D) Issuer shall not take, or cause to be taken, any action that would make unavailable either the
exemption pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act for the sale by Issuer to Dealer (or any affiliate designated by Dealer) of the Shares or Share Termination Delivery Units, as the case may be, or the exemption pursuant to
Section 4(a)(1) or Section 4(a)(3) of the Securities Act for resale of the Shares or Share Termination Delivery Units, as the case may be, by Dealer (or any such affiliate of Dealer). 

(iii) Dealer or its affiliate may sell such Shares or Share Termination Delivery Units, as the case may be, during a period (the
“Resale Period”) commencing on the Scheduled Trading Day following delivery of such Shares or Share Termination Delivery Units, as the case may be, and ending on the Scheduled Trading Day on which Dealer completes the sale of all
such Shares or Share Termination Delivery Units, as the case may be, or a sufficient number of Shares or Share Termination Delivery Units, as the case may be, so that the realized net proceeds of such sales equal or exceed the Freely Tradeable Value
(such amount of the Freely Tradeable Value, the “Required Proceeds”). If any of such delivered Shares or Share Termination Delivery Units remain after such realized net proceeds equal or exceed the Required Proceeds, Dealer shall
return such remaining Shares or Share Termination Delivery Units to Issuer. If the Required Proceeds exceed the realized net proceeds from such resale, Issuer shall transfer to Dealer by the open of the regular trading session on the Exchange on the
Scheduled Trading Day immediately following the last day of the Resale Period the amount of such excess (the “Additional Amount”) in cash or in a number of additional Shares or Share Termination Delivery Units, as the case may be,
(“Make-whole Shares”) in an amount that, based on the Relevant Price on the last day of the Resale Period (as if such day was the “Valuation Date” for purposes of computing such Relevant Price), has a dollar value equal to
the Additional Amount. The Resale Period shall continue to enable the sale of the Make-whole Shares in the manner contemplated by this Section 8(b)(iii). This provision shall be applied successively until the Additional Amount is equal to zero,
subject to Section 8(d).  
 (c) Beneficial Ownership. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Agreement or this
Confirmation, in no event shall Dealer be entitled to receive, or shall be deemed to receive, any Shares in connection with this Transaction if, immediately upon giving effect to such receipt of such Shares, (i) Dealer’s Beneficial
Ownership would be equal to or greater than 8.0% of the outstanding Shares or (ii) Dealer, Dealer Group (as defined below) or any person whose ownership position would be aggregated with that of Dealer or Dealer Group (Dealer, Dealer Group or
any such person, a “Dealer Person”) under any federal, state or local (including non-U.S.) laws, regulations, regulatory orders or organizational documents or contracts of Issuer that are, in each case, applicable to ownership of
Shares (“Applicable Laws”), owns, beneficially owns, constructively owns, controls, holds the power to vote or otherwise meets a relevant definition of ownership in excess of a number of Shares equal to (x) the number of Shares
that would give rise to reporting or registration obligations or other requirements (including obtaining prior approval by a local, state, federal or non-U.S. regulator) of a Dealer Person, or could result in an adverse effect on a Dealer Person,
under Applicable Laws, as determined by Dealer in its reasonable discretion, and with respect to which such requirements have not been met or the relevant approval has not been received or that would give rise to any consequences under the
constitutive documents of Issuer or any contract or agreement to which Issuer is a party (in each case, excluding any filings of Form 13F, Schedule 13D or Schedule 13G under the Exchange Act), in each case minus (y) 1% of the number of
Shares outstanding on the date of determination (each of clause (i) and (ii) above, an “Ownership Limitation”). If any delivery owed to Dealer hereunder is not made, in whole or in part, as a result of an Ownership
Limitation, Dealer’s right to receive such delivery shall not be extinguished and Issuer shall make such delivery as promptly as practicable after, but in no event later than one Scheduled Trading Day after, Dealer gives notice to Issuer that
such delivery would not result in any of such Ownership Limitations being breached. “Dealer’s Beneficial Ownership” means the “beneficial ownership” (within the meaning of Section 13 of the Exchange Act and the
rules promulgated thereunder (collectively, “Section 13”)) of Shares, without duplication, by Dealer, together with any of its 

  
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affiliates or other person subject to aggregation with Dealer under Section 13 for purposes of “beneficial ownership”, or by any “group” (within the meaning of
Section 13) of which Dealer is or may be deemed to be a part (Dealer and any such affiliates, persons and groups, collectively, “Dealer Group”) (or, to the extent that, as a result of a change in law, regulation or
interpretation after the date hereof, the equivalent calculation under Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder results in a higher number, such number). Notwithstanding anything in the Agreement or this
Confirmation to the contrary, Dealer (or the affiliate designated by Dealer pursuant to Section 8(k) below) shall not become the record or beneficial owner, or otherwise have any rights as a holder, of any Shares that Dealer (or such affiliate)
is not entitled to receive at any time pursuant to this Section 8(c), until such time as such Shares are delivered pursuant to this Section 8(c). 

(d) Limitations on Settlement by Issuer. Notwithstanding anything herein or in the Agreement to the contrary, in no event shall Issuer
be required to deliver Shares in connection with the Transaction in excess of the Capped Number of Shares (as provided in Annex A to this Confirmation), subject to adjustment from time to time in accordance with the provisions of this
Confirmation or the Definitions; provided that no such adjustment shall cause the Capped Number to exceed the Available Shares, other than an adjustment resulting from actions of Issuer or events within Issuer’s control (the
“Capped Number”). Issuer represents and warrants to Dealer (which representation and warranty shall be deemed to be repeated on each day that the Transaction is outstanding) that the Capped Number is equal to or less than the number
of authorized but unissued Shares of the Issuer that are not reserved for future issuance in connection with transactions in the Shares (other than the Transaction) on the date of the determination of the Capped Number (such Shares, the
“Available Shares”). In the event Issuer shall not have delivered the full number of Shares otherwise deliverable as a result of this Section 8(d) (the resulting deficit, the “Deficit Shares”), Issuer shall be
continually obligated to deliver, from time to time until the full number of Deficit Shares have been delivered pursuant to this paragraph, Shares when, and to the extent, that (i) Shares are repurchased, acquired or otherwise received by
Issuer or any of its subsidiaries after the Trade Date (whether or not in exchange for cash, fair value or any other consideration), (ii) authorized and unissued Shares previously reserved for issuance in respect of other transactions become no
longer so reserved or (iii) Issuer additionally authorizes any unissued Shares that are not reserved for other transactions. Issuer shall immediately notify Dealer of the occurrence of any of the foregoing events (including the number of Shares
subject to clause (i), (ii) or (iii) and the corresponding number of Shares to be delivered) and promptly deliver such Shares thereafter. 

(e) Right to Extend. The Calculation Agent, acting commercially reasonably, may postpone, without duplication of any postponements made
pursuant to the provisions applicable to Regulatory Disruptions hereunder, any Exercise Date or Settlement Date or any other date of valuation or delivery with respect to some or all of the relevant Warrants (in which event the Calculation Agent
shall make appropriate adjustments to the Number of Shares to be Delivered with respect to one or more Components), if Dealer determines, in its reasonable discretion, based on advice of counsel in the case of the immediately following clause (ii),
that such extension is reasonably necessary or appropriate (i) to preserve Dealer’s commercially reasonable hedging or hedge unwind activity hereunder in light of existing liquidity conditions in the cash market, the stock loan market or
any other relevant market or (ii) to enable Dealer to effect purchases of Shares in connection with its hedging, hedge unwind or settlement activity hereunder in a manner that would, if Dealer were Issuer or an affiliated purchaser of Issuer,
be in compliance with applicable legal, regulatory or self-regulatory requirements, or with related policies and procedures applicable to Dealer (whether or not such requirements, policies or procedures are imposed by law or have been voluntarily
adopted by Dealer in good faith in relation to such requirements). 
 (f) Equity Rights. Dealer acknowledges and agrees that this
Confirmation is not intended to convey to it rights with respect to the Transaction that are senior to the claims of common stockholders in the event of Issuer’s bankruptcy. For the avoidance of doubt, the parties agree that the preceding
sentence shall not apply at any time other than during Issuer’s bankruptcy to any claim arising as a result of a breach by Issuer of any of its obligations under this Confirmation or the Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, the parties
acknowledge that this Confirmation is not secured by any collateral that would otherwise secure the obligations of Issuer herein under or pursuant to any other agreement. 

(g) Amendments to Equity Definitions. The following amendments shall be made to the Equity Definitions: 

(i) Section 11.2(a) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended by deleting the words “a diluting or
concentrative” and replacing them with the word “an”; and adding the phrase “or Warrants” at the end of the sentence. 

  
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 (ii) The first sentence of Section 11.2(c) of the Equity Definitions, prior
to clause (A) thereof, is hereby amended to read as follows: ‘(c) If “Calculation Agent Adjustment” is specified as the Method of Adjustment in the related Confirmation of a Share Option Transaction, then following the
announcement or occurrence of any Potential Adjustment Event, the Calculation Agent will determine whether such Potential Adjustment Event has an effect on the theoretical value of the relevant Shares or options on the Shares and, if so, will
(i) make appropriate adjustment(s), if any, to any one or more of:’ and, the portion of such sentence immediately preceding clause (ii) thereof is hereby amended by deleting the words “diluting or concentrative” and the
words “(provided that no adjustments will be made to account solely for changes in volatility, expected dividends, stock loan rate or liquidity relative to the relevant Shares)” and replacing such latter phrase with the words “(and,
for the avoidance of doubt, adjustments may be made to account solely for changes in volatility, expected dividends, stock loan rate or liquidity relative to the relevant Shares)”; 

(iii) Section 11.2(e)(vii) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended by deleting the words “diluting or
concentrative” and replacing them with “material” and adding the phrase “or Warrants” at the end of the sentence; 

(iv) Section 12.6(a)(ii) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended by (1) deleting from the fourth line thereof the
word “or” after the word “official” and inserting a comma therefor, and (2) deleting the semi-colon at the end of subsection (B) thereof and inserting the following words therefor “or (C) at Dealer’s
option, the occurrence of any of the events specified in Section 5(a)(vii) (1) through (9) of the ISDA 2002 Master Agreement with respect to that Issuer.”; 

(v) Section 12.9(b)(iv) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended by (A) deleting (1) subsection (A) in
its entirety, (2) the phrase “or (B)” following subsection (A) and (3) the phrase “in each case” in subsection (B); (B) replacing “will lend” with “lends” in subsection (B); and
(C) deleting the phrase “neither the Non-Hedging Party nor the Lending Party lends Shares in the amount of the Hedging Shares or” in the penultimate sentence; and 

(vi) Section 12.9(b)(v) of the Equity Definitions is hereby amended by (A) adding the word “or” immediately
before subsection “(B)” and deleting the comma at the end of subsection (A); and (B)(1) deleting subsection (C) in its entirety, (2) deleting the word “or” immediately preceding subsection (C) and
(3) replacing in the penultimate sentence the words “either party” with “the Hedging Party” and (4) deleting clause (X) in the final sentence. 

(h) Transfer and Assignment. Dealer may transfer or assign its rights and obligations hereunder and under the Agreement, in whole or in
part, without the consent of Issuer to any affiliate of Dealer that is (or whose guarantor is) of credit quality equivalent to Dealer; provided that, as a result of such transfer or assignment, Issuer will not be required to pay to the
transferee on any payment date an amount under Section 2(d)(i)(4) of the Agreement, if applicable, greater than the amount that Issuer would have been required to pay to Dealer in the absence of such transfer or assignment. At any time at which
any Ownership Limitation exists, if Dealer, in its discretion, is unable to effect a transfer or assignment to a third party after using its commercially reasonable efforts on pricing terms and within a time period reasonably acceptable to Dealer
such that an Ownership Limitation no longer exists, Dealer may designate any Scheduled Trading Day as an Early Termination Date with respect to a portion (the “Terminated Portion”) of the Transaction, such that such Ownership
Limitation no longer exists. In the event that Dealer so designates an Early Termination Date with respect to a portion of the Transaction, a payment or delivery shall be made pursuant to Section 6 of the Agreement and Section 8(b) of this
Confirmation as if (i) an Early Termination Date had been designated in respect of a Transaction having terms identical to the Terminated Portion of the Transaction, (ii) Issuer shall be the sole Affected Party with respect to such partial
termination and (iii) such portion of the Transaction shall be the only Terminated Transaction. 
 (i) Adjustments. For the
avoidance of doubt, whenever the Calculation Agent is called upon to make an adjustment pursuant to the terms of this Confirmation or the Definitions to take into account the effect of an event, the Calculation Agent shall make such adjustment by
reference to the effect of such event on the Hedging Party, assuming that the Hedging Party maintains a commercially reasonable hedge position. 

(j) Disclosure. Effective from the date of commencement of discussions concerning the Transaction, Issuer and each of its employees,
representatives, or other agents may disclose to any and all persons, without limitation of any kind, the tax treatment and tax structure of the Transaction and all materials of any kind (including opinions or other tax analyses) that are provided
to Issuer relating to such tax treatment and tax structure. 

  
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 (k) Designation by Dealer. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Confirmation to the
contrary requiring or allowing Dealer to purchase, sell, receive or deliver any Shares or other securities to or from Issuer, Dealer may designate any of its affiliates to purchase, sell, receive or deliver such Shares or other securities and
otherwise to perform Dealer’s obligations in respect of the Transaction and any such designee may assume such obligations. Dealer shall be discharged of its obligations to Issuer to the extent of any such performance. 

(l) Additional Termination Events. The occurrence of any of the following shall constitute an Additional Termination Event with respect
to which the Transaction shall be the sole Affected Transaction and Issuer shall be the sole Affected Party; provided that with respect to any Additional Termination Event, Dealer, acting in good faith and commercially reasonably, may choose
to treat part of the Transaction as the sole Affected Transaction, and, upon the termination of the Affected Transaction, a Transaction with terms identical to those set forth herein except with a Number of Warrants equal to the unaffected number of
Warrants shall be treated for all purposes as the Transaction, which shall remain in full force and effect: 
 (i) Dealer
reasonably determines, based on advice of counsel, that it is advisable to terminate a portion of the Transaction so that Dealer’s related hedging activities will comply with applicable securities laws, rules or regulations or related policies
and procedures of Dealer (whether or not such requirements, policies or procedures are imposed by law or have been voluntarily adopted by Dealer in good faith in relation to such requirements); 

(ii) a “person” or “group” within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act other than Issuer
or Issuer’s subsidiaries files a Schedule TO or any schedule, form or report under the Exchange Act disclosing that such person or group has become the direct or indirect “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange
Act, of Issuer’s common equity representing more than 50% of the voting power of all classes of Issuer’s common equity entitled to vote generally in the election of Issuer’s directors; 

(iii) the consummation of any binding share exchange, exchange offer, tender offer, consolidation or merger of Issuer pursuant
to which Issuer’s common stock will be converted into cash, securities or other property or any sale, lease or other transfer in one transaction or a series of transactions of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of Issuer and
Issuer’s subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any person other than one or more of Issuer’s subsidiaries (any such consolidation, merger, transaction or series of transactions being referred to in this clause (iii) as an
“event”); provided, however, that any such event where the holders of more than 50% of Issuer’s shares of common equity, representing more than 50% of the voting power of Issuer’s common equity, immediately prior to
such event, own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of all classes of common equity, representing more than 50% of the voting power, of the continuing or surviving person or transferee or the parent thereof immediately after such event, with such
holders’ proportional voting power immediately after such event being in substantially the same proportions as their respective voting power before such event, then such event shall not constitute an Additional Termination Event under this
clause (iii); or 
 (iv) holders of Issuer’s common stock approve any plan or proposal for Issuer’s liquidation or
dissolution. 
 Notwithstanding the foregoing, a transaction or series of transactions set forth in clause (iii) above
(or under both clauses (ii) and (iii) above) shall not constitute an Additional Termination Event if at least 90% of the consideration received or to be received by the holders of Issuer’s common stock (excluding cash payments for
fractional shares and cash payments made pursuant to dissenters’ appraisal rights) in connection with such transaction or transactions otherwise constituting an Additional Termination Event under clause (iii) above (or under both clauses
(ii) and (iii) above) consists of shares of common stock or depositary receipts evidencing interests in ordinary shares or common equity listed on a U.S. national securities exchange (“Publicly Traded Securities”). 

(m) No Netting and Set-off. Each party waives any and all rights it may have to set off obligations arising under the Agreement
and the Transaction against other obligations between the parties, whether arising under any other agreement, applicable law or otherwise. 

  
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 (n) Early Unwind. In the event the sale by Issuer of the “Initial Securities”
(as defined under the Purchase Agreement) is not consummated with the Initial Purchasers pursuant to the Purchase Agreement for any reason by 9:00 A.M. (New York City time) on the third (fourth, if the pricing occurs after 4:30 P.M. (New York City
time) on any given day) business day after the Trade Date (or such later date as agreed upon by the parties, which in no event shall be later than ten business days after such third or fourth business day) (such third or fourth business day or such
later date being the “Early Unwind Date”), the Transaction shall automatically terminate (the “Early Unwind”), on the Early Unwind Date and the Transaction and all of the respective rights and obligations of Dealer
and Issuer thereunder shall be cancelled and terminated. Following such termination and cancellation, each party shall be released and discharged by the other party from and agrees not to make any claim against the other party with respect to any
obligations or liabilities of either party arising out of and to be performed in connection with the Transaction either prior to or after the Early Unwind Date. Dealer and Issuer represent and acknowledge to the other that upon an Early Unwind, all
obligations with respect to the Transaction shall be deemed fully and finally discharged. 
 (o) Wall Street Transparency and
Accountability Act of 2010. The parties hereby agree that none of (v) Section 739 of the Wall Street Transparency and Accountability Act of 2010 (“WSTAA”), (w) any similar legal certainty provision in any
legislation enacted, or rule or regulation promulgated, on or after the Trade Date, (x) the enactment of WSTAA or any regulation under the WSTAA, (y) any requirement under WSTAA nor (z) an amendment made by WSTAA, shall limit or
otherwise impair either party’s rights to terminate, renegotiate, modify, amend or supplement this Confirmation or the Agreement, as applicable, arising from a termination event, force majeure, illegality, increased costs, regulatory change or
similar event under this Confirmation, the Equity Definitions incorporated herein, or the Agreement (including, but not limited to, rights arising from Change in Law, Hedging Disruption, Loss of Stock Borrow, Increased Cost of Stock Borrow, an
Excess Ownership Position or Illegality (as defined in the Agreement)). 
 (p) Tax Matters. 

(i) Withholding Tax imposed on payments to non-US counterparties under the United States Foreign Account Tax Compliance
Act. “Tax” and “Indemnifiable Tax”, each as defined in Section 14 of the Agreement, shall not include any U.S. federal withholding tax imposed or collected pursuant to Sections 1471 through 1474 of the U.S. Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), any current or future regulations or official interpretations thereof, any agreement entered into pursuant to Section 1471(b) of the Code, or any fiscal or regulatory legislation,
rules or practices adopted pursuant to any intergovernmental agreement entered into in connection with the implementation of such Sections of the Code (a “FATCA Withholding Tax”). For the avoidance of doubt, a FATCA Withholding Tax
is a Tax the deduction or withholding of which is required by applicable law for the purposes of Section 2(d) of the Agreement. 

(ii) HIRE Act. “Tax” and “Indemnifiable Tax”, each as defined in Section 14 of the
Agreement, shall not include any tax imposed on payments treated as dividends from sources within the United States under Section 871(m) of the Code or any regulations issued thereunder. 

(iii) Tax documentation. Issuer shall provide to Dealer a valid U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-9, or any successor
thereto, (i) on or before the date of execution of this Confirmation and (ii) promptly upon learning that any such tax form previously provided by Issuer has become obsolete or incorrect. Additionally, Issuer shall, promptly upon request
by Dealer, provide such other tax forms and documents as are reasonably requested by Dealer. Dealer shall provide Issuer, as applicable, (x) a valid U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 or W-8ECI or (y) (A) a valid Internal Revenue
Service Form W-8IMY along with a withholding statement and (B) attached a valid Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 or Internal Revenue Service Form W-8ECI, or, in each case, any successor thereto, (i) on or before the date of execution of
this Confirmation and (ii) promptly upon learning that any such tax form previously provided by Dealer has become obsolete or incorrect. Additionally, Dealer shall, promptly upon request by Issuer, provide such other tax forms and documents as
are reasonably requested by Issuer. 
 (iv) Tax Representations. Issuer is a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
purposes and is organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. Issuer is a “U.S. person” (as that term is used in section 1.1441-4(a)(3)(ii) of United States Treasury Regulations) for U.S. federal income tax purposes and an exempt
recipient under Treasury Regulation Section 1.6049-4(c)(1)(ii). 

  
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 (q) 2013 EMIR Portfolio Reconciliation, Dispute Resolution and Disclosure Protocol.
The parties agree that the terms of the 2013 EMIR Portfolio Reconciliation, Dispute Resolution and Disclosure Protocol published by ISDA on July 19, 2013 (“Protocol”) apply to the Agreement as if the parties had adhered to the
Protocol without amendment. In respect of the Attachment to the Protocol, (i) the definition of “Adherence Letter” shall be deemed to be deleted and references to “Adherence Letter” shall be deemed to be to this
Section 8(q) (and references to “such party’s Adherence Letter” and “its Adherence Letter” shall be read accordingly), (ii) references to “adheres to the Protocol” shall be deemed to be “enters into
this Agreement”, (iii) references to “Protocol Covered Agreement” shall be deemed to be references to this Agreement (and each “Protocol Covered Agreement” shall be read accordingly), and (iv) references to
“Implementation Date” shall be deemed to be references to the date of this Agreement. For the purposes of this Section 8(q): 

(i) Dealer is a Portfolio Data Sending Entity and Issuer is a Portfolio Data Receiving Entity; 

(ii) Dealer and Issuer may use a Third Party Service Provider, and each of Dealer and Issuer consents to such use including the
communication of the relevant data in relation to Dealer and Issuer to such Third Party Service Provider for the purposes of the reconciliation services provided by such entity. 

(iii) The Local Business Days for such purposes in relation to Dealer are New York and in relation to Issuer are New York; 

(iv) The provisions in this paragraph shall survive the termination of this Transaction. 

(v) The following are the applicable email addresses. 

 

			
	Portfolio Data:	  	Dealer: collateral.disputes@db.com
		
		  	Issuer: cberkman@ligand.com
		
	Notice of discrepancy:	  	Dealer: collateral.disputes@db.com
		
		  	Issuer: cberkman@ligand.com
		
	Dispute Notice:	  	Dealer: collateral.disputes@db.com
		
		  	Issuer: cberkman@ligand.com

 (r) NFC Representation Protocol. 

(i) The parties agree that the provisions set out in the Attachment to the ISDA 2013 EMIR NFC Representation Protocol
published by ISDA on March 8, 2013 (the “NFC Representation Protocol”) shall apply to the Agreement as if each party were an Adhering Party under the terms of the NFC Representation Protocol. In respect of the Attachment to the
Protocol, (i) the definition of “Adherence Letter” shall be deemed to be deleted and references to “Adherence Letter” shall be deemed to be to this Section 8(r) (and references to “the relevant Adherence
Letter” and “its Adherence Letter” shall be read accordingly), (ii) references to “adheres to the Protocol” shall be deemed to be “enters into this Agreement”, (iii) references to “Covered Master
Agreement” shall be deemed to be references to this Agreement (and each “Covered Master Agreement” shall be read accordingly), and (iv) references to “Implementation Date” shall be deemed to be references to the date of
this Agreement. 
 (ii) Issuer confirms that it enters into this Agreement as a party making the NFC Representation (as such
term is defined in the NFC Representation Protocol). Issuer shall promptly notify Dealer of any change to its status as a party making the NFC Representation. 

  
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 (s) Transaction Reporting - Consent for Disclosure of Information. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary herein or in the Agreement or any non-disclosure, confidentiality or other agreements entered into between the parties from time to time, each party hereby consents to the Disclosure of information (the “Reporting
Consent”): 
 (iii) to the extent required by, or necessary in order to comply with, any applicable law, rule or regulation which
mandates Disclosure of transaction and similar information or to the extent required by, or necessary in order to comply with, any order, request or directive regarding Disclosure of transaction and similar information issued by any relevant
authority or body or agency (“Reporting Requirements”); or 
 (iv) to and between the other party’s head office,
branches or affiliates; to any person, agent, third party or entity who provides services to such other party or its head office, branches or affiliates; to a Market; or to any trade data repository or any systems or services operated by any trade
repository or Market, in each case, in connection with such Reporting Requirements. 
 “Disclosure” means disclosure,
reporting, retention, or any action similar or analogous to any of the aforementioned. 
 “Market” means any exchange,
regulated market, clearing house, central clearing counterparty or multilateral trading facility. 
 Disclosures made pursuant to this
Reporting Consent may include, without limitation, Disclosure of information relating to disputes over transactions between the parties, a party’s identity, and certain transaction and pricing data and may result in such information becoming
available to the public or recipients in a jurisdiction which may have a different level of protection for personal data from that of the relevant party’s home jurisdiction. 

(v) This Reporting Consent shall be deemed to constitute an agreement between the parties with respect to Disclosure in general
and shall survive the termination of this Confirmation. No amendment to or termination of this Reporting Consent shall be effective unless such amendment or termination is made in writing between the parties and specifically refers to this Reporting
Consent. 
 (t) Method of Delivery. Whenever delivery of funds or other assets is required hereunder by or to Issuer, such
delivery shall be effected through Agent. In addition, all notices, demands and communications of any kind relating to the Transaction between Dealer and Issuer shall be transmitted exclusively through Agent. 

(u) Waiver of Trial by Jury. EACH OF ISSUER AND BUYER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES (ON ITS OWN BEHALF AND, TO THE
EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ON BEHALF OF ITS STOCKHOLDERS) ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM (WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE TRANSACTION OR THE ACTIONS OF
BUYER OR ITS AFFILIATES IN THE NEGOTIATION, PERFORMANCE OR ENFORCEMENT HEREOF. 
 (v) Governing Law;
Jurisdiction. THIS CONFIRMATION AND ANY CLAIM, CONTROVERSY OR DISPUTE ARISING UNDER OR RELATED TO THIS CONFIRMATION SHALL BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. THE PARTIES HERETO IRREVOCABLY SUBMIT TO THE EXCLUSIVE
JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK AND THE UNITED STATES COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK IN CONNECTION WITH ALL MATTERS RELATING HERETO AND WAIVE ANY OBJECTION TO THE LAYING OF VENUE IN, AND ANY CLAIM OF INCONVENIENT
FORUM WITH RESPECT TO, THESE COURTS. 
 [Signature Page Follows] 

  
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 Issuer hereby agrees (a) to check this Confirmation carefully and immediately upon receipt
so that errors or discrepancies can be promptly identified and rectified and (b) to confirm that the foregoing (in the exact form provided by Dealer) correctly sets forth the terms of the agreement between Dealer and Issuer with respect to the
Transaction, by manually signing this Confirmation or this page hereof as evidence of agreement to such terms and providing the other information requested herein and immediately returning an executed copy to Dealer. 

 

					
	DEUTSCHE BANK AG, LONDON BRANCH
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Michael Sanderson

		 	Name:	 	Michael Sanderson
		 	Title:	 	Attorney in Fact
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Zahid Bivji

		 	Name:	 	Zahid Bivji
		 	Title:	 	Attorney in Fact
	
	 DEUTSCHE BANK SECURITIES INC.,

acting solely as Agent in connection with the Transaction

		
	By:	 	 /s/ Michael Sanderson

		 	Name:	 	Michael Sanderson
		 	Title:	 	Managing Director
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Zahid Bivji

		 	Name:	 	Zahid Bivji
		 	Title:	 	Managing Director


  

			
	Agreed and Accepted By:
	
	LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Nishan de Silva

	Name:	 	Nishan de Silva
	Title:	 	Vice President, Finance and Strategy, and Chief Financial Officer


  
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