II

Calendar No. 915

106TH CONGRESS

2D SESSION S. 2688

[Report No. 106–467]

To amend the Native American Languages Act to provide for the support

of Native American Language Survival Schools, and for other purposes.

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

JUNE 7 (legislative day, JUNE 6), 2000

Mr. INOUYE (for himself, Mr. AKAKA, Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. DODD, Mr. KENNEDY, Mrs. MURRAY, Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. CAMPBELL, Mrs. BOXER, Mr.

REID, Mr. BRYAN, and Mr. DASCHLE) introduced the following bill;

which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs

OCTOBER 3 (legislative day, SEPTEMBER 22), 2000

Reported by Mr. CAMPBELL, with an amendment

[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic]

A BILL

To amend the Native American Languages Act to provide

for the support of Native American Language Survival

Schools, and for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
2

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1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

2 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Native American Lan3 guages Act Amendments Act of 2000’’.

4 SEC. 2. PURPOSE.

5 The purposes of this Act are to—

6 (1) encourage and support the development of

7 Native American Language Survival Schools as in8 novative means of addressing the effects of past dis9 crimination against Native American language

10 speakers and to support the revitalization of such

11 languages through education in Native American

12 languages and through instruction in other academic

13 subjects using Native American languages as an in14 structional medium, consistent with United States’

15 policy as expressed in the Native American Lan16 guages Act (25 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.);

17 (2) encourage and support the involvement of

18 families in the educational and cultural survival ef19 forts of Native American Language Survival

20 Schools;

21 (3) encourage communication, cooperation, and

22 educational exchange among Native American Lan23 guage Survival Schools and their administrators;

24 (4) provide support for Native American Lan25 guage Survival School facilities and endowments;
3

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1 (5) provide support for Native American Lan2 guage Nests either as part of Native American Lan3 guage Survival Schools or as separate programs that

4 will be developed into more comprehensive Native

5 American Language Survival Schools;

6 (6) support the development of local and na7 tional models that can be disseminated to the public

8 and made available to other schools as exemplary

9 methods of teaching Native American students; and

10 (7) develop a support center system for Native

11 American Survival Schools at the university level.

12 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

13 Section 103 of Public Law 101–477 (25 U.S.C.

14 2902) is amended to read as follows:

15 ‘‘DEFINITIONS

16 ‘‘In this Act:

17 ‘‘(1) INDIAN.—The term ‘Indian’ has the mean18 ing given that term in section 9161 of the Elemen19 tary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20

20 U.S.C. 7881).

21 ‘‘(2) INDIAN TRIBAL GOVERNMENT.—The term

22 ‘Indian tribal government’ has the meaning given

23 that term in section 502 of Public Law 95–134 (42

24 U.S.C. 4368b).

25 ‘‘(3) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘Indian tribe’

26 has the meaning given that term in section 4 of the
4

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1 Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance

2 Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).

3 ‘‘(4) INDIAN RESERVATION.—The term ‘Indian

4 reservation’ has the meaning given the term ‘res5 ervation’ in section 3 of the Indian Financing Act of

6 1974 (25 U.S.C. 1452).

7 ‘‘(5) NATIVE AMERICAN.—The term ‘Native

8 American’ means an Indian, Native Hawaiian, or

9 Native American Pacific Islander.

10 ‘‘(6) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE.—The term

11 ‘Native American language’ means the historical,

12 traditional languages spoken by Native Americans.

13 ‘‘(7) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE COLLEGE.—

14 The term ‘Native American Language College’

15 means—

16 ‘‘(A) a tribally-controlled community col17 lege or university (as defined in section 2 of the

18 Tribally-Controlled Community College or Uni19 versity Assistance Act of 1978 (25 U.S.C.

20 1801));

21 ‘‘(B) Ka Haka ‘Ula O Ke’elikolani College;

22 or

23 ‘‘(C) a college applying for a Native Amer24 ican Language Survival School in a Native

25 American language which that college regularly
5

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1 offers as part of its curriculum and which has

2 the support of an Indian tribal government tra3 ditionally affiliated with that Native American

4 language.

5 ‘‘(8) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE EDU6 CATIONAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘Native Amer7 ican Language Educational Organization’ means an

8 organization that—

9 ‘‘(A) is governed by a board consisting of

10 speakers of 1 or more Native American lan11 guages;

12 ‘‘(B) is currently providing instruction

13 through the use of a Native American language

14 for not less than 10 students for at least 700

15 hours of instruction per year; and

16 ‘‘(C) has provided such instruction for at

17 least 10 students annually through a Native

18 American language for at least 700 hours per

19 year for not less than 3 years prior to applying

20 for a grant under this Act.

21 ‘‘(9) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE NEST.—The

22 term ‘Native American Language Nest’ means a

23 site-based educational program enrolling families

24 with children aged 6 and under which is conducted

25 through a Native American language for not less
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1 than 20 hours per week and not less than 35 weeks

2 per year with the specific goal of strengthening, revi3 talizing, or re-establishing a Native American lan4 guage and culture as a living language and culture

5 of daily life.

6 ‘‘(10) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE SURVIVAL

7 SCHOOL.—The term ‘Native American Language

8 Survival School’ means a Native American language

9 dominant site-based educational program which ex10 pands from a Native American Language Nest, ei11 ther as a separate entity or inclusive of a Native

12 American Language Nest, to enroll families with

13 children eligible for elementary or secondary edu14 cation and which provides a complete education

15 through a Native American language with the spe16 cific goal of strengthening, revitalizing, or reestab17 lishing a Native American language and culture as

18 a living language and culture of daily life.

19 ‘‘(11) NATIVE AMERICAN PACIFIC ISLANDER.—

20 The term ‘Native American Pacific Islander’ means

21 any descendant of the aboriginal people of any is22 land in the Pacific Ocean that is a territory or pos23 session of the United States.

24 ‘‘(12) NATIVE HAWAIIAN.—The term ‘Native

25 Hawaiian’ has the meaning given that term in sec-
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1 tion 9212 of the Elementary and Secondary Edu2 cation Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7912).

3 ‘‘(13) SECRETARY.—The term ‘Secretary’

4 means the Secretary of the Department of Edu5 cation.

6 ‘‘(14) TRADITIONAL LEADERS.—The term ‘tra7 ditional leaders’ includes Native Americans who have

8 special expertise in Native American culture and Na9 tive American languages.

10 ‘‘(15) TRIBAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘trib11 al organization’ has the meaning given that term in

12 section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Edu13 cation Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).’’.

14 SEC. 4. NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE SURVIVAL SCHOOLS.

15 Title I of Public Law 101–477 (25 U.S.C. 2901 et

16 seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new

17 sections:

18 ‘‘GENERAL AUTHORITY

19 ‘‘SEC. 108. (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is au20 thorized to provide funds, through grant or contract, to

21 Native American Language Educational Organizations,

22 Native American Language Colleges, Indian tribal govern23 ments, or a consortia of such organizations, colleges, or

24 tribal governments to operate, expand, and increase Na25 tive American Language Survival Schools throughout the
8

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1 United States and its territories for Native American chil2 dren and Native American language-speaking children.

3 ‘‘(b) ELIGIBILITY.—As a condition of receiving funds

4 under subsection (a), a Native American Language Edu5 cational Organization, a Native American Language Col6 lege, an Indian tribal government, or a consortia of such

7 organizations, colleges, or tribal governments—

8 ‘‘(1) shall—

9 ‘‘(A) have at least 3 years experience in

10 operating and administering a Native American

11 Language Survival School, a Native American

12 Language Nest, or other educational programs

13 in which instruction is conducted in a Native

14 American language; and

15 ‘‘(B) include students who are subject to

16 State compulsory education laws; and

17 ‘‘(2) may include students from infancy through

18 grade 12, as well as their families.

19 ‘‘(c) USE OF FUNDS.—

20 ‘‘(1) REQUIRED USES.—A Native American

21 Language Survival School receiving funds under this

22 section shall—

23 ‘‘(A) consist of not less than 700 hours of

24 instruction conducted annually through a Na25 tive American language or languages for at
9

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1 least 15 students who do not regularly attend

2 another school;

3 ‘‘(B) provide direct educational services

4 and school support services that may also

5 include—

6 ‘‘(i) support services for children with

7 special needs;

8 ‘‘(ii) transportation;

9 ‘‘(iii) boarding;

10 ‘‘(iv) food service;

11 ‘‘(v) teacher and staff housing;

12 ‘‘(vi) purchase of basic materials;

13 ‘‘(vii) adaptation of teaching mate14 rials;

15 ‘‘(viii) translation and development; or

16 ‘‘(ix) other appropriate services;

17 ‘‘(C) provide direct or indirect educational

18 and support services for the families of enrolled

19 students on site, through colleges, or through

20 other means to increase their knowledge and

21 use of the Native American language and cul22 ture, and may impose a requirement of family

23 participation as a condition of student enroll24 ment; and
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1 ‘‘(D) ensure that students who are not Na2 tive American language speakers achieve flu3 ency in a Native American language within 3

4 years of enrollment.

5 ‘‘(2) PERMISSIBLE USES.—A Native American

6 Language Survival School receiving funds under this

7 section may—

8 ‘‘(A) include Native American Language

9 Nests and other educational programs for stu10 dents who are not Native American language

11 speakers but who seek to establish fluency

12 through instruction in a Native American lan13 guage or to re-establish fluency as descendants

14 of Native American language speakers;

15 ‘‘(B) include a program of concurrent and

16 summer college or university education course

17 enrollment for secondary school students en18 rolled in Native American Language Survival

19 Schools, as appropriate; and

20 ‘‘(C) provide special support for Native

21 American languages for which there are very

22 few or no remaining Native American language

23 speakers.

24 ‘‘(d) CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT AND COMMUNITY

25 LANGUAGE USE DEVELOPMENT.—The Secretary is au-
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1 thorized to provide funds, through grant or contract, to

2 Native American Language Educational Organizations,

3 Native American Language Colleges, Indian tribal govern4 ments, or a consortia of such organizations, colleges, or

5 tribal governments, for the purpose of developing—

6 ‘‘(1) comprehensive curricula in Native Amer7 ican language instruction and instruction through

8 Native American languages; and

9 ‘‘(2) community Native American language use

10 in communities served by Native American Lan11 guage Survival Schools.

12 ‘‘(e) TEACHER, STAFF, AND COMMUNITY RESOURCE

13 DEVELOPMENT.—

14 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is authorized

15 to provide funds, through grant or contract, to Na16 tive American Language Educational Organizations,

17 Native American Language Colleges, Indian tribal

18 governments, or a consortia of such organizations,

19 colleges, or tribal governments for the purpose of

20 providing programs in pre-service and in-service

21 teacher training, staff training, personnel develop22 ment programs, programs to upgrade teacher and

23 staff skills, and community resource development

24 training, that shall include a program component

25 which has as its objective increased Native American
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1 language speaking proficiency for teachers and staff

2 employed in Native American Language Survival

3 Schools and Native American Language Nests.

4 ‘‘(2) PROGRAM SCOPE.—Programs funded

5 under this subsection may include—

6 ‘‘(A) visits or exchanges among Native

7 American Language Survival Schools and Na8 tive American Language Nests of school or nest

9 teachers, staff, students, or families of students;

10 ‘‘(B) participation in conference or special

11 non-degree programs focusing on the use of a

12 Native American language or languages for the

13 education of students, teachers, staff, students,

14 or families of students;

15 ‘‘(C) full or partial scholarships and fellow16 ships to colleges or universities for the profes17 sional development of faculty and staff, and to

18 meet requirements for the involvement of the

19 family or the community of Native American

20 Language Survival School students in Native

21 American Language Survival Schools;

22 ‘‘(D) training in the language and culture

23 associated with a Native American Language

24 Survival School either under community or aca-
13

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1 demic experts in programs which may include

2 credit courses;

3 ‘‘(E) structuring of personnel operations to

4 support Native American language and cultural

5 fluency and program effectiveness;

6 ‘‘(F) Native American language planning,

7 documentation, reference material and archives

8 development; and

9 ‘‘(G) recruitment for participation in

10 teacher, staff, student, and community develop11 ment.

12 ‘‘(3) CONDITIONS OF FELLOWSHIPS OR SCHOL13 ARSHIPS.—A recipient of a fellowship or scholarship

14 awarded under the authority of this subsection who

15 is enrolled in a program leading to a degree or cer16 tificate shall—

17 ‘‘(A) be trained in the Native American

18 language of the Native American Language

19 Survival School, if such program is available

20 through that Native American language;

21 ‘‘(B) complete a minimum annual number

22 of hours in Native American language study or

23 training during the period of the fellowship or

24 scholarship; and
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1 ‘‘(C) enter into a contract which obligates

2 the recipient to provide his or her professional

3 services, either during the fellowship or scholar4 ship period or upon completion of a degree or

5 certificate, in Native American language in6 struction in the Native American language as7 sociated with the Native American Language

8 Survival School in which the service obligation

9 is to be fulfilled.

10 ‘‘(f) ENDOWMENT AND FACILITIES.—The Secretary

11 is authorized to provide funds, through grant or contract,

12 for endowment funds and the rental, lease, purchase, con13 struction, maintenance, or repair of facilities for Native

14 American Language Survival Schools, to Native American

15 Language Educational Organizations, Native American

16 Language Colleges, and Indian tribal governments, or a

17 consortia of such organizations, colleges, or tribal govern18 ments that have demonstrated excellence in the capacity

19 to operate and administer a Native American Language

20 Survival School and to ensure the academic achievement

21 of Native American Language Survival School students.

22 ‘‘NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE NESTS

23 ‘‘SEC. 109. (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is au24 thorized to provide funds, through grant or contract, to

25 Native American Language Educational Organizations,

26 Native American Language Colleges, Indian tribal govern-
15

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1 ments, and nonprofit organizations that demonstrate the

2 potential to become Native American Language Edu3 cational Organizations, for the purpose of establishing Na4 tive American Language Nest programs for students from

5 infancy to age 6 and their families.

6 ‘‘(b) REQUIREMENTS.—A Native American Lan7 guage Nest program receiving funds under this section

8 shall—

9 ‘‘(1) provide instruction and child care through

10 the use of a Native American language or a com11 bination of the English language and a Native

12 American language for at least 10 children for at

13 least 700 hours per year;

14 ‘‘(2) provide compulsory classes for parents of

15 students enrolled in a Native American Language

16 Nest in a Native American language, including Na17 tive American language-speaking parents;

18 ‘‘(3) provide compulsory monthly meetings for

19 parents and other family members of students en20 rolled in a Native American Language Nest;

21 ‘‘(4) provide a preference in enrollment for stu22 dents and families who are fluent in a Native Amer23 ican language; and

24 ‘‘(5) receive at least 5 percent of its funding

25 from another source, which may included Federally-
16

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1 funded programs, such as a Head Start program

2 funded under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9801

3 et seq.).

4 ‘‘DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS REGARDING LINGUISTICS

5 ASSISTANCE

6 ‘‘SEC. 110. (a) DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS.—The

7 Secretary shall provide funds, through grant or contract,

8 for the establishment of 2 demonstration programs that

9 will provide assistance to Native American Language Sur10 vival Schools and Native American Language Nests. Such

11 demonstration programs shall be established at—

12 ‘‘(1) Ka Haka ‘Ula O Ke‘elikolani College of

13 the University of Hawaii at Hilo, in consortium with

14 the ‘Aha Punana Leo, Inc., and with other entities

15 if deemed appropriate by such College, to—

16 ‘‘(A) conduct a demonstration program in

17 the development of the various components of a

18 Native American Language Survival School

19 program, including the early childhood edu20 cation features of a Native American Nest com21 ponent; and

22 ‘‘(B) provide assistance in the establish23 ment, operation, and administration of Native

24 American Language Nests and Native Amer25 ican Language Survival Schools by such means

26 as training, hosting informational visits to dem-
17

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1 onstration sites, and providing relevant infor2 mation, outreach courses, conferences, and

3 other means; and

4 ‘‘(2) the Alaska Native Language Center of the

5 University of Alaska at Fairbanks, in consortium

6 with other entities as deemed appropriate by such

7 Center, to conduct a demonstration program, train8 ing, outreach, conferences, visitation programs, and

9 other assistance in developing orthographies, re10 source materials, language documentation, language

11 preservation, material archiving, and community

12 support development.

13 ‘‘(b) USE OF TECHNOLOGY.—The demonstration

14 programs authorized to be established under this section

15 may employ synchronic and asynchronic telecommuni16 cations and other appropriate means to maintain coordi17 nation and cooperation with one another and with partici18 pating Native American Language Survival Schools and

19 Native American Language Nests.

20 ‘‘(c) DIRECTION TO THE SECRETARY.—The dem21 onstration programs authorized to be established under

22 this section shall provide direction to the Secretary in de23 veloping a site visit evaluation of Native American Lan24 guage Survival Schools and Native American Language

25 Nests.
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1 ‘‘(d) ENDOWMENTS AND FACILITIES.—The dem2 onstration programs authorized to be established under

3 this section may establish endowments for the purpose of

4 furthering their activities relative to the study and preser5 vation of Native American languages, and may use funds

6 to provide for the rental, lease, purchase, construction,

7 maintenance, and repair of facilities.

8 ‘‘AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

9 ‘‘SEC. 111. There are authorized to be appropriated

10 such sums as may be necessary to carry out the activities

11 authorized by this Act for fiscal years 2001 through

12 2006.’’.

13 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

14 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Native American Lan15 guages Act Amendments Act of 2000’’.

16 SEC. 2. PURPOSE.

17 The purposes of this Act are to—

18 (1) encourage and support the development of

19 Native American Language Survival Schools as inno20 vative means of addressing the effects of past dis21 crimination against Native American language

22 speakers and to support the revitalization of such lan23 guages through education in Native American lan24 guages and through instruction in other academic

25 subjects using Native American languages as an in26 structional medium, consistent with United States
19

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1 policy as expressed in the Native American Lan2 guages Act (25 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.);

3 (2) demonstrate the positive effects of Native

4 American Language Survival Schools on the aca5 demic success of Native American students and their

6 mastery of standard English;

7 (3) encourage and support the involvement of

8 families in the educational and cultural survival ef9 forts of Native American Language Survival Schools;

10 (4) encourage communication, cooperation, and

11 educational exchange among Native American Lan12 guage Survival Schools and their administrators;

13 (5) provide support for Native American Lan14 guage Survival School facilities and endowments;

15 (6) provide support for Native American Lan16 guage Nests either as part of Native American Lan17 guage Survival Schools or as separate programs that

18 will be developed into more comprehensive Native

19 American Language Survival Schools;

20 (7) support the development of local and na21 tional models that can be disseminated to the public

22 and made available to other schools as exemplary

23 methods of teaching Native American students; and

24 (8) develop a support center system for Native

25 American Survival Schools at the university level.
20

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1 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

2 Section 103 of Public Law 101–477 (25 U.S.C. 2902)

3 is amended to read as follows:

4 ‘‘DEFINITIONS

5 ‘‘SEC. 103. In this Act:

6 ‘‘(1) INDIAN.—The term ‘Indian’ has the mean7 ing given that term in section 9161 of the Elementary

8 and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.

9 7881).

10 ‘‘(2) INDIAN TRIBAL GOVERNMENT.—The term

11 ‘Indian tribal government’ has the meaning given

12 that term in section 502 of Public Law 95–134 (42

13 U.S.C. 4368b).

14 ‘‘(3) INDIAN TRIBE.—The term ‘Indian tribe’ has

15 the meaning given that term in section 4 of the In16 dian Self-Determination and Education Assistance

17 Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).

18 ‘‘(4) INDIAN RESERVATION.—The term ‘Indian

19 reservation’ has the meaning given the term ‘reserva20 tion’ in section 3 of the Indian Financing Act of 1974

21 (25 U.S.C. 1452).

22 ‘‘(5) NATIVE AMERICAN.—The term ‘Native

23 American’ means an Indian, Native Hawaiian, or

24 Native American Pacific Islander.
21

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1 ‘‘(6) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE.—The term

2 ‘Native American language’ means the historical, tra3 ditional languages spoken by Native Americans.

4 ‘‘(7) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE COLLEGE.—

5 The term ‘Native American Language College’

6 means—

7 ‘‘(A) a tribally-controlled community college

8 or university (as defined in section 2 of the Trib9 ally-Controlled Community College or University

10 Assistance Act of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 1801)) or a

11 college applying for a Native American Lan12 guage Survival School in a Native American

13 language which that college regularly offers as

14 part of its curriculum and which has the support

15 of an Indian tribal government traditionally af16 filiated with that Native American language; or

17 ‘‘(B) Ka Haka ‘Ula O Ke’elikolani College.

18 ‘‘(8) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE EDUCATIONAL

19 ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘Native American Lan20 guage Educational Organization’ means an organiza21 tion that—

22 ‘‘(A) is governed by a board consisting pri23 marily of Native Americans and as many speak24 ers of 1 or more Native American languages as

25 possible;
22

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1 ‘‘(B) is currently providing instruction

2 through the use of a Native American language

3 to at least 10 preschool, elementary, or high

4 school students for at least 700 hours of instruc5 tion per year per student;

6 ‘‘(C) has provided such instruction for at

7 least 10 preschool, elementary, or high school stu8 dents through a Native American language for at

9 least 700 hours per year per student for not less

10 than 3 years prior to applying for a grant under

11 this Act; and

12 ‘‘(D) may be a public school that meets the

13 requirements of subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C).

14 ‘‘(9) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE NEST.—The

15 term ‘Native American Language Nest’ means a site16 based educational program enrolling families with

17 children below the age of 7 which is conducted

18 through a Native American language for at least 700

19 hours per year per student with the specific goal of

20 strengthening, revitalizing, or reestablishing a Native

21 American language and culture as a living language

22 and culture of daily life.

23 ‘‘(10) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE SURVIVAL

24 SCHOOL.—The term ‘Native American Language Sur25 vival School’ means a Native American language
23

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1 dominant site-based educational program which ex2 pands from a Native American Language Nest, either

3 as a separate entity or inclusive of a Native Amer4 ican Language Nest, to enroll families with children

5 eligible for elementary or secondary education and

6 which provides a complete education through a Native

7 American language with the specific goal of strength8 ening, revitalizing, or reestablishing a Native Amer9 ican language and culture as a living language and

10 culture of daily life.

11 ‘‘(11) NATIVE AMERICAN PACIFIC ISLANDER.—

12 The term ‘Native American Pacific Islander’ means

13 any descendant of the aboriginal people of any island

14 in the Pacific Ocean that is a territory or possession

15 of the United States.

16 ‘‘(12) NATIVE HAWAIIAN.—The term ‘Native Ha17 waiian’ has the meaning given that term in section

18 9212 of the Elementary and Secondary Education

19 Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7912).

20 ‘‘(13) SECRETARY.—The term ‘Secretary’ means

21 the Secretary of Education.

22 ‘‘(14) TRADITIONAL LEADERS.—The term ‘tradi23 tional leaders’ includes Native Americans who have

24 special expertise in Native American culture and Na25 tive American languages.
24

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1 ‘‘(15) TRIBAL ORGANIZATION.—The term ‘tribal

2 organization’ has the meaning given that term in sec3 tion 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Edu4 cation Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).’’.

5 SEC. 4. NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE NESTS AND SUR6 VIVAL SCHOOLS.

7 Title I of Public Law 101–477 (25 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.)

8 is amended by adding at the end the following new sections:

9 ‘‘GENERAL AUTHORITY

10 ‘‘NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE NESTS

11 ‘‘SEC. 108. (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is au12 thorized to provide funds, through grant or contract, to Na13 tive American Language Educational Organizations, Na14 tive American Language Colleges, Indian tribal govern15 ments, organizations that demonstrate the potential to be16 come Native American Language Educational Organiza17 tions, or a consortia of such organizations, colleges, or tribal

18 governments for the purpose of establishing Native Amer19 ican Language Nest programs for students below the age

20 of 7 and their families.

21 ‘‘(b) REQUIREMENTS.—A Native American Language

22 Nest program receiving funds under this section shall—

23 ‘‘(1) provide instruction and child care through

24 the use of a Native American language for at least 10

25 children below the age of 7 for at least 700 hours per

26 year per student;
25

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1 ‘‘(2) provide compulsory classes for parents of

2 students enrolled in a Native American Language

3 Nest in a Native American language, including Na4 tive American language-speaking parents;

5 ‘‘(3) provide compulsory monthly meetings for

6 parents and other family members of students enrolled

7 in a Native American Language Nest;

8 ‘‘(4) provide a preference in enrollment for stu9 dents and families who are fluent in a Native Amer10 ican language;

11 ‘‘(5) receive at least 5 percent of its funding from

12 another source, which may include federally funded

13 programs, such as a Head Start program funded

14 under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9801 et seq.);

15 and

16 ‘‘(6) ensure that a Native American language be17 comes the dominant medium of instruction in the Na18 tive American Language Nest within a period of 6

19 years of receiving funding under this Act.

20 ‘‘NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE SURVIVAL SCHOOLS

21 ‘‘SEC. 109. (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is au22 thorized to provide funds, through grant or contract, to Na23 tive American Language Educational Organizations, Na24 tive American Language Colleges, Indian tribal govern25 ments, or a consortia of such organizations, colleges, or trib26 al governments to operate, expand, and increase Native
26

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1 American Language Survival Schools throughout the

2 United States and its territories for Native American chil3 dren and Native American language-speaking children, in4 cluding through the provision of direct educational services

5 and school support services.

6 ‘‘(b) ELIGIBILITY.—As a condition of receiving funds

7 under subsection (a), a Native American Language Edu8 cational Organization, a Native American Language Col9 lege, an Indian tribal government, or a consortia of such

10 organizations, colleges, or tribal governments—

11 ‘‘(1) shall—

12 ‘‘(A) have at least 3 years experience in op13 erating and administering a Native American

14 Language Survival School, a Native American

15 Language Nest, or other educational programs in

16 which instruction is conducted in a Native

17 American language; and

18 ‘‘(B) include students who are subject to

19 State compulsory education laws; and

20 ‘‘(2) may include students from infancy through

21 grade 12, as well as their families.

22 ‘‘(c) PRIORITY.—In making grants or entering into

23 contracts, the Secretary shall give priority to—

24 ‘‘(1) the provision of direct educational services;
27

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1 ‘‘(2) applicants with the support of the appro2 priate tribal government or governments; and

3 ‘‘(3) applicants that have researched language

4 revitalization and the unique characteristics and cir5 cumstances of the languages of their schools.

6 ‘‘(d) USE OF FUNDS.—

7 ‘‘(1) REQUIRED USES.—A Native American

8 Language Survival School receiving funds under this

9 section shall—

10 ‘‘(A) consist of not less than 700 hours of

11 instruction per student conducted annually

12 through a Native American language or lan13 guages for at least 15 students for whom a Na14 tive American Language Survival School is their

15 principal place of instruction;

16 ‘‘(B) provide direct educational services and

17 school support services to students that may also

18 include—

19 ‘‘(i) support services for children with

20 special needs;

21 ‘‘(ii) transportation;

22 ‘‘(iii) boarding;

23 ‘‘(iv) food service;

24 ‘‘(v) teacher and staff housing;

25 ‘‘(vi) purchase of basic materials;
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1 ‘‘(vii) adaptation of teaching mate2 rials;

3 ‘‘(viii) translation and development; or

4 ‘‘(ix) other appropriate services;

5 ‘‘(C) provide direct or indirect educational

6 and support services for the families of enrolled

7 students on site, through colleges, or through

8 other means to increase their knowledge and use

9 of the Native American language and culture,

10 and may impose a requirement of family par11 ticipation as a condition of student enrollment;

12 and

13 ‘‘(D) ensure that within 3 years of enroll14 ment, all students achieve functional fluency ap15 propriate to the unique circumstances and

16 endangerment status of that Native American

17 language with the ultimate goal of academic or

18 cognitive fluency.

19 ‘‘(2) PERMISSIBLE USES.—A Native American

20 Language Survival School receiving funds under this

21 section may—

22 ‘‘(A) include Native American Language

23 Nests and other educational programs for stu24 dents who are not Native American language

25 speakers but who seek to establish fluency
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•S 2688 RS

1 through instruction in a Native American lan2 guage or to reestablish fluency as descendants of

3 Native American language speakers;

4 ‘‘(B) provide instruction through more than

5 1 language;

6 ‘‘(C) provide instruction through a regional

7 program (as opposed to 1 site) to better serve

8 geographically dispersed students;

9 ‘‘(D) include a program of concurrent and

10 summer college or university education course

11 enrollment for secondary school students enrolled

12 in Native American Language Survival Schools,

13 as appropriate;

14 ‘‘(E) provide special support for Native

15 American languages for which there are very few

16 or no remaining Native American language

17 speakers;

18 ‘‘(F) develop comprehensive curricula in

19 Native American language instruction and in20 struction through Native American languages

21 including—

22 ‘‘(i) curricula that can be used by pub23 lic schools for instruction through a Native

24 American language or teaching Native

25 American languages as subjects;
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1 ‘‘(ii) community Native American lan2 guage use in communities served by Native

3 American Language Survival Schools; and

4 ‘‘(iii) knowledge of a specific Native

5 American language gained through research

6 for the purpose of directly aiding the devel7 opment of curriculum materials;

8 ‘‘(G) provide programs in pre-service and

9 in-service teacher training, staff training, per10 sonnel development programs, programs to up11 grade teacher and staff skills, and community re12 source development training, that shall include a

13 program component which has as its objective

14 increased Native American language speaking

15 proficiency for teachers and staff employed in

16 Native American Language Survival Schools

17 and Native American Language Nests, which

18 may include—

19 ‘‘(i) visits or exchanges among Native

20 American Language Survival Schools and

21 Native American Language Nests of school

22 or nest teachers, staff, students, or families

23 of students;

24 ‘‘(ii) participation in conference or

25 special nondegree programs focusing on the
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•S 2688 RS

1 use of a Native American language or lan2 guages for the education of students, teach3 ers, staff, students, or families of students;

4 ‘‘(iii) full or partial scholarships and

5 fellowships to colleges or universities for the

6 professional development of faculty and

7 staff, and to meet requirements for the in8 volvement of the family or the community of

9 Native American Language Survival School

10 students in Native American Language

11 Survival Schools, and to develop resource

12 persons for Native American language pro13 grams in public schools, provided that a re14 cipient of a fellowship or scholarship

15 awarded under the authority of this clause

16 who is enrolled in a program leading to a

17 degree or certificate shall—

18 ‘‘(I) be trained in the Native

19 American language of the Native

20 American Language Survival School,

21 if such program is available through

22 that Native American language;

23 ‘‘(II) complete a minimum an24 nual number of hours in Native Amer25 ican language study or training dur-
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•S 2688 RS

1 ing the period of the fellowship or

2 scholarship; and

3 ‘‘(III) enter into a contract which

4 obligates the recipient to provide his or

5 her professional services, either during

6 the fellowship or scholarship period or

7 upon completion of a degree or certifi8 cate, in Native American language in9 struction in the Native American lan10 guage associated with the Native Amer11 ican Language Survival School in

12 which the service obligation is to be

13 fulfilled;

14 ‘‘(iv) training in the language and cul15 ture associated with a Native American

16 Language Survival School either under

17 community or academic experts in pro18 grams which may include credit courses;

19 ‘‘(v) structuring of personnel oper20 ations to support Native American language

21 and cultural fluency and program effective22 ness;

23 ‘‘(vi) Native American language plan24 ning, documentation, reference material and

25 archives development; or
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1 ‘‘(vii) recruitment for participation in

2 teacher, staff, student, and community de3 velopment; or

4 ‘‘(H) rent, lease, purchase, construct, main5 tain or repair educational facilities to ensure the

6 academic achievement of Native American Lan7 guage Survival School students.

8 ‘‘DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS REGARDING LINGUISTICS

9 ASSISTANCE

10 ‘‘SEC. 110. (a) DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS.—The

11 Secretary shall provide funds, through grant or contract,

12 for the establishment of 3 demonstration programs that will

13 provide assistance to Native American Language Survival

14 Schools and Native American Language Nests. Such dem15 onstration programs shall be established at—

16 ‘‘(1) Ka Haka ‘Ula O Ke‘elikolani College of the

17 University of Hawaii at Hilo, in consortium with the

18 ‘Aha Punana Leo, Inc., and with other entities if

19 deemed appropriate by such College, to—

20 ‘‘(A) conduct a demonstration program in

21 the development and operation of the various

22 components of a regional Native American Lan23 guage Survival School program and college level

24 Native American language teaching and use that

25 is supportive of Native American Language Sur26 vival Schools; and
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1 ‘‘(B) provide assistance in the establish2 ment, operation, and administration of Native

3 American Language Nests and Native American

4 Language Survival Schools by such means as

5 training, hosting informational visits to dem6 onstration sites, and providing a national clear7 inghouse for data and information relevant to

8 teaching Native American languages, outreach,

9 courses, conferences, and other means;

10 ‘‘(2) Piegan Institute of Browning, Montana to

11 demonstrate the operation of a Native American Lan12 guage Nest and Survival School; and

13 ‘‘(3) the Alaska Native Language Center of the

14 University of Alaska at Fairbanks, in consortium

15 with other entities as deemed appropriate by such

16 Center, to conduct a demonstration program, train17 ing, outreach, conferences, visitation programs, and

18 other assistance in developing orthographies, resource

19 materials, language documentation, language preser20 vation, material archiving, and community support

21 development.

22 ‘‘(b) USE OF TECHNOLOGY.—The demonstration pro23 grams authorized to be established under this section may

24 employ synchronic and asynchronic telecommunications

25 and other appropriate means to maintain coordination and
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1 cooperation with one another and with participating Na2 tive American Language Survival Schools and Native

3 American Language Nests.

4 ‘‘(c) DIRECTIONS TO THE SECRETARY.—The dem5 onstration programs authorized to be established under this

6 section shall provide direction to the Secretary in devel7 oping a site visit evaluation of Native American Language

8 Survival Schools and Native American Language Nests.

9 ‘‘(d) FOLLOWUP AND DATA COLLECTION.—The dem10 onstration programs authorized to be established under this

11 section may conduct followup data collection and analysis

12 on students while they are in school to assess how Survival

13 School students are performing in comparison to other stu14 dents, as well as identify instructional methods that are

15 working and those methods which may not be working.

16 ‘‘(e) ENDOWMENTS AND FACILITIES.—The demonstra17 tion programs authorized to be established under this sec18 tion may establish endowments for the purpose of furthering

19 their activities relative to the study and preservation of Na20 tive American languages, and may use funds to provide for

21 the rental, lease, purchase, construction, maintenance, and

22 repair of facilities.

23 ‘‘AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

24 ‘‘SEC. 111. There are authorized to be appropriated

25 such sums as may be necessary to carry out the activities
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1 authorized by this Act for each of fiscal years 2001 through

2 2006.’’.

Calendar No. 915

106TH CONGRESS

2D SESSION S. 2688

[Report No. 106–467]

A BILL

To amend the Native American Languages Act to

provide for the support of Native American Language Survival Schools, and for other purposes.

OCTOBER 3 (legislative day, SEPTEMBER 22), 2000

Reported with an amendment