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[Congressional Bills 106th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 26 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

106th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 26

        Entitled the ``Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 1999''.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 19, 1999

  Mr. McCain (for himself, Mr. Feingold, Mr. Thompson, Mr. Levin, Ms. 
  Collins, Mr. Lieberman, Ms. Snowe, Mr. Wellstone, Mr. Jeffords, Mr. 
 Durbin, Mr. Schumer, Mr. Reid, Mr. Bryan, Mr. Sarbanes, Mr. Robb, Mr. 
 Dorgan, Mr. Moynihan, Mr. Kerry, Mr. Kerrey, Mr. Cleland, Mr. Leahy, 
  Mr. Bayh, Mrs. Feinstein, Mrs. Boxer, Mr. Hollings, Mr. Graham, Mr. 
Johnson, and Mr. Chafee) introduced the following bill; which was read 
    twice and referred to the Committee on Rules and Administration

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
        Entitled the ``Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 1999''.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Bipartisan 
Campaign Reform Act of 1999''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
            TITLE I--REDUCTION OF SPECIAL INTEREST INFLUENCE

Sec. 101. Soft money of political parties.
Sec. 102. Increased contribution limits for State committees of 
                            political parties and aggregate 
                            contribution limit for individuals.
Sec. 103. Reporting requirements.
           TITLE II--INDEPENDENT AND COORDINATED EXPENDITURES

               Subtitle A--Electioneering Communications

Sec. 201. Disclosure of electioneering communications.
Sec. 202. Coordinated communications as contributions.
Sec. 203. Prohibition of corporate and labor disbursements for 
                            electioneering communications.
          Subtitle B--Independent and Coordinated Expenditures

Sec. 211. Definition of independent expenditure.
Sec. 212. Civil penalty.
Sec. 213. Reporting requirements for certain independent expenditures.
Sec. 214. Independent versus coordinated expenditures by party.
Sec. 215. Coordination with candidates.
                         TITLE III--DISCLOSURE

Sec. 301. Filing of reports using computers and facsimile machines; 
                            filing by Senate candidates with 
                            Commission.
Sec. 302. Prohibition of deposit of contributions with incomplete 
                            contributor information.
Sec. 303. Audits.
Sec. 304. Reporting requirements for contributions of $50 or more.
Sec. 305. Use of candidates' names.
Sec. 306. Prohibition of false representation to solicit contributions.
Sec. 307. Soft money of persons other than political parties.
Sec. 308. Campaign advertising.
                    TITLE IV--PERSONAL WEALTH OPTION

Sec. 401. Voluntary personal funds expenditure limit.
Sec. 402. Political party committee coordinated expenditures.
                         TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS

Sec. 501. Codification of Beck decision.
Sec. 502. Use of contributed amounts for certain purposes.
Sec. 503. Limit on congressional use of the franking privilege.
Sec. 504. Prohibition of fundraising on Federal property.
Sec. 505. Penalties for knowing and willful violations.
Sec. 506. Strengthening foreign money ban.
Sec. 507. Prohibition of contributions by minors.
Sec. 508. Expedited procedures.
Sec. 509. Initiation of enforcement proceeding.
 TITLE VI--SEVERABILITY; CONSTITUTIONALITY; EFFECTIVE DATE; REGULATIONS

Sec. 601. Severability.
Sec. 602. Review of constitutional issues.
Sec. 603. Effective date.
Sec. 604. Regulations.

            TITLE I--REDUCTION OF SPECIAL INTEREST INFLUENCE

SEC. 101. SOFT MONEY OF POLITICAL PARTIES.

    Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
431 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 323. SOFT MONEY OF POLITICAL PARTIES.

    ``(a) National Committees.--
            ``(1) In general.--A national committee of a political 
        party (including a national congressional campaign committee of 
        a political party) and any officers or agents of such party 
        committees, shall not solicit, receive, or direct to another 
        person a contribution, donation, or transfer of funds, or spend 
        any funds, that are not subject to the limitations, 
        prohibitions, and reporting requirements of this Act.
            ``(2) Applicability.--This subsection shall apply to an 
        entity that is directly or indirectly established, financed, 
        maintained, or controlled by a national committee of a 
        political party (including a national congressional campaign 
        committee of a political party), or an entity acting on behalf 
        of a national committee, and an officer or agent acting on 
        behalf of any such committee or entity.
    ``(b) State, District, and Local Committees.--
            ``(1) In general.--An amount that is expended or disbursed 
        by a State, district, or local committee of a political party 
        (including an entity that is directly or indirectly 
        established, financed, maintained, or controlled by a State, 
        district, or local committee of a political party and an 
        officer or agent acting on behalf of such committee or entity) 
        for Federal election activity shall be made from funds subject 
        to the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting requirements of 
        this Act.
            ``(2) Federal election activity.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `Federal election 
                activity' means--
                            ``(i) voter registration activity during 
                        the period that begins on the date that is 120 
                        days before the date a regularly scheduled 
                        Federal election is held and ends on the date 
                        of the election;
                            ``(ii) voter identification, get-out-the-
                        vote activity, or generic campaign activity 
                        conducted in connection with an election in 
                        which a candidate appears on the ballot 
                        (regardless of whether a candidate for State or 
                        local office also appears on the ballot); and
                            ``(iii) a communication that refers to a 
                        clearly identified candidate (regardless of 
                        whether a candidate for State or local office 
                        is also mentioned or identified) and is made 
                        for the purpose of influencing a Federal 
                        election (regardless of whether the 
                        communication is express advocacy).
                    ``(B) Excluded activity.--The term `Federal 
                election activity' does not include an amount expended 
                or disbursed by a State, district, or local committee 
                of a political party for--
                            ``(i) campaign activity conducted solely on 
                        behalf of a clearly identified candidate for 
                        State or local office, if the campaign activity 
                        is not a Federal election activity described in 
                        subparagraph (A);
                            ``(ii) a contribution to a candidate for 
                        State or local office, if the contribution is 
                        not designated or used to pay for a Federal 
                        election activity described in subparagraph 
                        (A);
                            ``(iii) the costs of a State, district, or 
                        local political convention;
                            ``(iv) the costs of grassroots campaign 
                        materials, including buttons, bumper stickers, 
                        and yard signs, that name or depict only a 
                        candidate for State or local office;
                            ``(v) the non-Federal share of a State, 
                        district, or local party committee's 
                        administrative and overhead expenses (but not 
                        including the compensation in any month of an 
                        individual who spends more than 20 percent of 
                        the individual's time on Federal election 
                        activity) as determined by a regulation 
                        promulgated by the Commission to determine the 
                        non-Federal share of a State, district, or 
                        local party committee's administrative and 
                        overhead expenses; and
                            ``(vi) the cost of constructing or 
                        purchasing an office facility or equipment for 
                        a State, district or local committee.
    ``(c) Fundraising Costs.--An amount spent by a national, State, 
district, or local committee of a political party, by an entity that is 
established, financed, maintained, or controlled by a national, State, 
district, or local committee of a political party, or by an agent or 
officer of any such committee or entity, to raise funds that are used, 
in whole or in part, to pay the costs of a Federal election activity 
shall be made from funds subject to the limitations, prohibitions, and 
reporting requirements of this Act.
    ``(d) Tax-Exempt Organizations.--A national, State, district, or 
local committee of a political party (including a national 
congressional campaign committee of a political party), an entity that 
is directly or indirectly established, financed, maintained, or 
controlled by any such national, State, district, or local committee or 
its agent, and an officer or agent acting on behalf of any such party 
committee or entity shall not solicit any funds for, or make or direct 
any donations to, an organization that is described in section 501(c) 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation under 
section 501(a) of such Code (or has submitted an application to the 
Secretary of the Treasury for determination of tax-exemption under such 
section).
    ``(e) Candidates.--
            ``(1) In general.--A candidate, individual holding Federal 
        office, or agent of a candidate or individual holding Federal 
        office shall not solicit, receive, direct, transfer, or spend 
        funds in connection with an election for Federal office, 
        including funds for any Federal election activity, unless the 
        funds are subject to the limitations, prohibitions, and 
        reporting requirements of this Act.
            ``(2) Exceptions.--
                    ``(A) State law.--Paragraph (1) does not apply to 
                the solicitation or receipt of funds by an individual 
                who is a candidate for a State or local office in 
                connection with such election for State or local office 
                if the solicitation or receipt of funds is permitted 
                under State law for any activity other than a Federal 
                election activity.
                    ``(B) Fundraising events.--Paragraph (1) does not 
                apply in the case of a candidate who attends, speaks, 
                or is a featured guest at a fundraising event sponsored 
                by a State, district, or local committee of a political 
                party.''.

SEC. 102. INCREASED CONTRIBUTION LIMITS FOR STATE COMMITTEES OF 
              POLITICAL PARTIES AND AGGREGATE CONTRIBUTION LIMIT FOR 
              INDIVIDUALS.

    (a) Contribution Limit for State Committees of Political Parties.--
Section 315(a)(1) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 
U.S.C. 441a(a)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (C)--
                    (A) by inserting ``(other than a committee 
                described in subparagraph (D))'' after ``committee''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                ``; or''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) to a political committee established and maintained 
        by a State committee of a political party in any calendar year 
        that, in the aggregate, exceed $10,000''.
    (b) Aggregate Contribution Limit for Individual.--Section 315(a)(3) 
of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(3)) is 
amended by striking ``$25,000'' and inserting ``$30,000''.

SEC. 103. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Reporting Requirements.--Section 304 of the Federal Election 
Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 434) (as amended by section 213) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Political Committees.--
            ``(1) National and congressional political committees.--The 
        national committee of a political party, any national 
        congressional campaign committee of a political party, and any 
        subordinate committee of either, shall report all receipts and 
        disbursements during the reporting period.
            ``(2) Other political committees to which section 323 
        applies.--A political committee (not described in paragraph 
        (1)) to which section 323(b)(1) applies shall report all 
        receipts and disbursements made for activities described in 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B)(v) of section 323(b)(2).
            ``(3) Itemization.--If a political committee has receipts 
        or disbursements to which this subsection applies from any 
        person aggregating in excess of $200 for any calendar year, the 
        political committee shall separately itemize its reporting for 
        such person in the same manner as required in paragraphs 
        (3)(A), (5), and (6) of subsection (b).
            ``(4) Reporting periods.--Reports required to be filed 
        under this subsection shall be filed for the same time periods 
        required for political committees under subsection (a).''.
    (b) Repeal of Building Fund Exception to the Definition of 
Contribution.--Section 301(8)(B) of the Federal Election Campaign Act 
of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431(8)(B)) is amended--
            (1) by striking clause (viii); and
            (2) by redesignating clauses (ix) through (xiv) as clauses 
        (viii) through (xiii), respectively.

           TITLE II--INDEPENDENT AND COORDINATED EXPENDITURES

               Subtitle A--Electioneering Communications

SEC. 201. DISCLOSURE OF ELECTIONEERING COMMUNICATIONS.

    Section 304 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
434) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Additional Statements on Electioneering Communications.--
            ``(1) Statement required.--Every person who makes a 
        disbursement for electioneering communications in an aggregate 
        amount in excess of $10,000 during any calendar year shall, 
        within 24 hours of each disclosure date, file with the 
        Commission a statement containing the information described in 
        paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Contents of statement.--Each statement required to be 
        filed under this subsection shall be made under penalty of 
        perjury and shall contain the following information:
                    ``(A) The identification of the person making the 
                disbursement, of any entity sharing or exercising 
                direction or control over the activities of such 
                person, and of the custodian of the books and accounts 
                of the person making the disbursement.
                    ``(B) The State of incorporation and the principal 
                place of business of the person making the 
                disbursement.
                    ``(C) The amount of each disbursement during the 
                period covered by the statement and the identification 
                of the person to whom the disbursement was made.
                    ``(D) The elections to which the electioneering 
                communications pertain and the names (if known) of the 
                candidates identified or to be identified.
                    ``(E) If the disbursements were paid out of a 
                segregated account to which only individuals could 
                contribute, the names and addresses of all contributors 
                who contributed an aggregate amount of $500 or more to 
                that account during the period beginning on the first 
                day of the preceding calendar year and ending on the 
                disclosure date.
                    ``(F) If the disbursements were paid out of funds 
                not described in subparagraph (E), the names and 
                addresses of all contributors who contributed an 
                aggregate amount of $500 or more to the organization or 
                any related entity during the period beginning on the 
                first day of the preceding calendar year and ending on 
                the disclosure date.
                    ``(G) Whether or not any electioneering 
                communication is made in coordination, cooperation, 
                consultation, or concert with, or at the request or 
                suggestion of, any candidate or any authorized 
                committee, any political party or committee, or any 
                agent of the candidate, political party, or committee 
                and if so, the identification of any candidate, party, 
                committee, or agent involved.
            ``(3) Electioneering communication.--For purposes of this 
        subsection--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `electioneering 
                communication' means any broadcast from a television or 
                radio broadcast station which--
                            ``(i) refers to a clearly identified 
                        candidate for Federal office;
                            ``(ii) is made (or scheduled to be made) 
                        within--
                                    ``(I) 60 days before a general, 
                                special, or runoff election for such 
                                Federal office; or
                                    ``(II) 30 days before a primary or 
                                preference election, or a convention or 
                                caucus of a political party that has 
                                authority to nominate a candidate, for 
                                such Federal office; and
                            ``(iii) is broadcast from a television or 
                        radio broadcast station whose audience includes 
                        the electorate for such election, convention, 
                        or caucus.
                    ``(B) Exceptions.--Such term shall not include--
                            ``(i) communications appearing in a news 
                        story, commentary, or editorial distributed 
                        through the facilities of any broadcasting 
                        station, unless such facilities are owned or 
                        controlled by any political party, political 
                        committee, or candidate; or
                            ``(ii) communications which constitute 
                        expenditures or independent expenditures under 
                        this Act.
            ``(4) Disclosure date.--For purposes of this subsection, 
        the term `disclosure date' means--
                    ``(A) the first date during any calendar year by 
                which a person has made disbursements for 
                electioneering communications aggregating in excess of 
                $10,000; and
                    ``(B) any other date during such calendar year by 
                which a person has made disbursements for 
                electioneering communications aggregating in excess of 
                $10,000 since the most recent disclosure date for such 
                calendar year.
            ``(5) Contracts to disburse.--For purposes of this 
        subsection, a person shall be treated as having made a 
        disbursement if the person has contracted to make the 
        disbursement.
            ``(6) Coordination with other requirements.--Any 
        requirement to report under this subsection shall be in 
        addition to any other reporting requirement under this Act.''

SEC. 202. COORDINATED COMMUNICATIONS AS CONTRIBUTIONS.

    Section 315(a)(7)(B) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 
(2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(7)(B)) is amended by inserting after clause (ii) the 
following:
                            ``(iii) if--
                                    ``(I) any person makes, or 
                                contracts to make, any payment for any 
                                electioneering communication (within 
                                the meaning of section 304(d)(3)); and
                                    ``(II) such payment is coordinated 
                                with a candidate or an authorized 
                                committee of such candidate, a Federal, 
                                State, or local political party or 
                                committee thereof, or an agent or 
                                official of any such candidate, party, 
                                or committee;
                        such payment or contracting shall be treated as 
                        a contribution to such candidate and as an 
                        expenditure by such candidate; and''.

SEC. 203. PROHIBITION OF CORPORATE AND LABOR DISBURSEMENTS FOR 
              ELECTIONEERING COMMUNICATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 316(b)(2) of the Federal Election Campaign 
Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 441b(b)(2)) is amended by inserting ``or for any 
applicable electioneering communication'' before ``, but shall not 
include''.
    (b) Applicable Electioneering Communication.--Section 316 of such 
Act is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Rules Relating to Electioneering Communications.--
            ``(1) Applicable electioneering communication.--For 
        purposes of this section, the term `applicable electioneering 
        communication' means an electioneering communication (within 
        the meaning of section 304(d)(3)) which is made by--
                    ``(A) any entity to which subsection (a) applies 
                other than a section 501(c)(4) organization; or
                    ``(B) a section 501(c)(4) organization from amounts 
                derived from the conduct of a trade or business or from 
                an entity described in subparagraph (A).
            ``(2) Special operating rules.--For purposes of paragraph 
        (1), the following rules shall apply:
                    ``(A) An electioneering communication shall be 
                treated as made by an entity described in paragraph 
                (1)(A) if--
                            ``(i) the entity described in paragraph 
                        (1)(A) directly or indirectly disburses any 
                        amount for any of the costs of the 
                        communication; or
                            ``(ii) any amount is disbursed for the 
                        communication by a corporation or organization 
                        or a State or local political party or 
                        committee thereof that receives anything of 
                        value from the entity described in paragraph 
                        (1)(A), except that this clause shall not apply 
                        to any communication the costs of which are 
                        defrayed entirely out of a segregated account 
                        to which only individuals can contribute.
                    ``(B) A section 501(c)(4) organization that derives 
                amounts from business activities or from any entity 
                described in paragraph (1)(A) shall be considered to 
                have paid for any communication out of such amounts 
                unless such organization paid for the communication out 
                of a segregated account to which only individuals can 
                contribute.
            ``(3) Definitions and rules.--For purposes of this 
        subsection--
                    ``(A) the term `section 501(c)(4) organization' 
                means--
                            ``(i) an organization described in section 
                        501(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 
                        and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) 
                        of such Code; or
                            ``(ii) an organization which has submitted 
                        an application to the Internal Revenue Service 
                        for determination of its status as an 
                        organization described in clause (i); and
                    ``(B) a person shall be treated as having made a 
                disbursement if the person has contracted to make the 
                disbursement.
            ``(4) Coordination with internal revenue code.--Nothing in 
        this subsection shall be construed to authorize an organization 
        exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of the Internal 
        Revenue Code of 1986 from carrying out any activity which is 
        prohibited under such Code.''

          Subtitle B--Independent and Coordinated Expenditures

SEC. 211. DEFINITION OF INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURE.

    Section 301 of the Federal Election Campaign Act (2 U.S.C. 431) is 
amended by striking paragraph (17) and inserting the following:
            ``(17) Independent expenditure.--The term `independent 
        expenditure' means an expenditure by a person--
                    ``(A) expressly advocating the election or defeat 
                of a clearly identified candidate; and
                    ``(B) that is not provided in coordination with a 
                candidate or a candidate's agent or a person who is 
                coordinating with a candidate or a candidate's agent.''

SEC. 212. CIVIL PENALTY.

    Section 309 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
437g) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (4)(A)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``clause 
                        (ii)'' and inserting ``clauses (ii) and 
                        (iii)''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(iii) If the Commission determines by an affirmative vote of 4 of 
its members that there is probable cause to believe that a person has 
made a knowing and willful violation of section 304(c), the Commission 
shall not enter into a conciliation agreement under this paragraph and 
may institute a civil action for relief under paragraph (6)(A).''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (6)(B), by inserting ``(except an 
                action instituted in connection with a knowing and 
willful violation of section 304(c))'' after ``subparagraph (A)''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``Any person'' 
                and inserting ``Except as provided in subparagraph (D), 
                any person''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(D) In the case of a knowing and willful violation of section 
304(c) that involves the reporting of an independent expenditure, the 
violation shall not be subject to this subsection.''.

SEC. 213. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN INDEPENDENT EXPENDITURES.

    Section 304 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
434) (as amended by section 201) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(2), by striking the undesignated 
        matter after subparagraph (C); and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Time for Reporting Certain Expenditures.--
            ``(1) Expenditures aggregating $1,000.--
                    ``(A) Initial report.--A person (including a 
                political committee) that makes or contracts to make 
                independent expenditures aggregating $1,000 or more 
                after the 20th day, but more than 24 hours, before the 
                date of an election shall file a report describing the 
                expenditures within 24 hours after that amount of 
                independent expenditures has been made.
                    ``(B) Additional reports.--After a person files a 
                report under subparagraph (A), the person shall file an 
                additional report within 24 hours after each time the 
                person makes or contracts to make independent 
                expenditures aggregating an additional $1,000 with 
                respect to the same election as that to which the 
                initial report relates.
            ``(2) Expenditures aggregating $10,000.--
                    ``(A) Initial report.--A person (including a 
                political committee) that makes or contracts to make 
                independent expenditures aggregating $10,000 or more at 
                any time up to and including the 20th day before the 
                date of an election shall file a report describing the 
                expenditures within 48 hours after that amount of 
                independent expenditures has been made.
                    ``(B) Additional reports.--After a person files a 
                report under subparagraph (A), the person shall file an 
                additional report within 48 hours after each time the 
                person makes or contracts to make independent 
                expenditures aggregating an additional $10,000 with 
                respect to the same election as that to which the 
                initial report relates.
            ``(3) Place of filing; contents.--A report under this 
        subsection--
                    ``(A) shall be filed with the Commission; and
                    ``(B) shall contain the information required by 
                subsection (b)(6)(B)(iii), including the name of each 
                candidate whom an expenditure is intended to support or 
                oppose.''.

SEC. 214. INDEPENDENT VERSUS COORDINATED EXPENDITURES BY PARTY.

    Section 315(d) of the Federal Election Campaign Act (2 U.S.C. 
441a(d)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and (3)'' and inserting 
        ``, (3), and (4)''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Independent versus coordinated expenditures by 
        party.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On or after the date on which a 
                political party nominates a candidate, a committee of 
                the political party shall not make both expenditures 
                under this subsection and independent expenditures (as 
                defined in section 301(17)) with respect to the 
                candidate during the election cycle.
                    ``(B) Certification.--Before making a coordinated 
                expenditure under this subsection with respect to a 
                candidate, a committee of a political party shall file 
                with the Commission a certification, signed by the 
                treasurer of the committee, that the committee, on or 
                after the date described in subparagraph (A), has not 
                and shall not make any independent expenditure with 
                respect to the candidate during the same election 
                cycle.
                    ``(C) Application.--For purposes of this paragraph, 
                all political committees established and maintained by 
                a national political party (including all congressional 
                campaign committees) and all political committees 
                established and maintained by a State political party 
                (including any subordinate committee of a State 
                committee) shall be considered to be a single political 
                committee.
                    ``(D) Transfers.--A committee of a political party 
                that submits a certification under subparagraph (B) 
                with respect to a candidate shall not, during an 
                election cycle, transfer any funds to, assign authority 
                to make coordinated expenditures under this subsection 
                to, or receive a transfer of funds from, a committee of 
                the political party that has made or intends to make an 
                independent expenditure with respect to the 
                candidate.''.

SEC. 215. COORDINATION WITH CANDIDATES.

    (a) Definition of Coordination With Candidates.--
            (1) Section 301(8).--Section 301(8) of the Federal Election 
        Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431(8)) is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by striking ``or'' at the end of clause 
                        (i);
                            (ii) by striking the period at the end of 
                        clause (ii) and inserting ``; or''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) coordinated activity (as defined in 
                        subparagraph (C)).''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) `Coordinated activity' means anything of 
                value provided by a person in coordination with a 
                candidate, an agent of the candidate, or the political 
                party of the candidate or its agent for the purpose of 
                influencing a Federal election (regardless of whether 
                the value being provided is a communication that is 
                express advocacy) in which such candidate seeks 
                nomination or election to Federal office, and includes 
                any of the following:
                            ``(i) A payment made by a person in 
                        cooperation, consultation, or concert with, at 
                        the request or suggestion of, or pursuant to 
                        any general or particular understanding with a 
                        candidate, the candidate's authorized 
                        committee, the political party of the 
                        candidate, or an agent acting on behalf of a 
                        candidate, authorized committee, or the 
                        political party of the candidate.
                            ``(ii) A payment made by a person for the 
                        production, dissemination, distribution, or 
                        republication, in whole or in part, of any 
                        broadcast or any written, graphic, or other 
                        form of campaign material prepared by a 
                        candidate, a candidate's authorized committee, 
                        or an agent of a candidate or authorized 
                        committee (not including a communication 
                        described in paragraph (9)(B)(i) or a 
                        communication that expressly advocates the 
                        candidate's defeat).
                            ``(iii) A payment made by a person based on 
                        information about a candidate's plans, 
                        projects, or needs provided to the person 
                        making the payment by the candidate or the 
                        candidate's agent who provides the information 
                        with the intent that the payment be made.
                            ``(iv) A payment made by a person if, in 
                        the same election cycle in which the payment is 
                        made, the person making the payment is serving 
                        or has served as a member, employee, 
                        fundraiser, or agent of the candidate's 
                        authorized committee in an executive or 
                        policymaking position.
                            ``(v) A payment made by a person if the 
                        person making the payment has served in any 
                        formal policy making or advisory position with 
                        the candidate's campaign or has participated in 
                        formal strategic or formal policymaking 
                        discussions (other than any discussion treated 
                        as a lobbying contact under the Lobbying 
                        Disclosure Act of 1995 in the case of a 
                        candidate holding Federal office or as a 
                        similar lobbying activity in the case of a 
                        candidate holding State or other elective 
                        office) with the candidate's campaign relating 
                        to the candidate's pursuit of nomination for 
                        election, or election, to Federal office, in 
                        the same election cycle as the election cycle 
                        in which the payment is made.
                            ``(vi) A payment made by a person if, in 
                        the same election cycle, the person making the 
                        payment retains the professional services of 
                        any person that has provided or is providing 
                        campaign-related services in the same election 
                        cycle to a candidate (including services 
                        provided through a political committee of the 
                        candidate's political party) in connection with 
                        the candidate's pursuit of nomination for 
                        election, or election, to Federal office, 
                        including services relating to the candidate's 
                        decision to seek Federal office, and the person 
                        retained is retained to work on activities 
                        relating to that candidate's campaign.
                            ``(vii) A payment made by a person who has 
                        directly participated in fundraising activities 
                        with the candidate or in the solicitation or 
                        receipt of contributions on behalf of the 
                        candidate.
                            ``(viii) A payment made by a person who has 
                        communicated with the candidate or an agent of 
                        the candidate (including a communication 
                        through a political committee of the 
                        candidate's political party) after the 
                        declaration of candidacy (including a pollster, 
                        media consultant, vendor, advisor, or staff 
                        member acting on behalf of the candidate), 
                        about advertising message, allocation of 
                        resources, fundraising, or other campaign 
                        matters related to the candidate's campaign, 
                        including campaign operations, staffing, 
                        tactics, or strategy.
                            ``(ix) The provision of in-kind 
                        professional services or polling data 
                        (including services or data provided through a 
                        political committee of the candidate's 
                        political party) to the candidate or 
candidate's agent.
                            ``(x) A payment made by a person who has 
                        engaged in a coordinated activity with a 
                        candidate described in clauses (i) through (ix) 
                        for a communication that clearly refers to the 
                        candidate or the candidate's opponent and is 
                        for the purpose of influencing that 
                        candidates's election (regardless of whether 
                        the communication is express advocacy).
                    ``(D) For purposes of subparagraph (C), the term 
                `professional services' means polling, media advice, 
                fundraising, campaign research or direct mail (except 
                for mailhouse services solely for the distribution of 
                voter guides as defined in section 431(20)(B)) services 
                in support of a candidate's pursuit of nomination for 
                election, or election, to Federal office.
                    ``(E) For purposes of subparagraph (C), all 
                political committees established and maintained by a 
                national political party (including all congressional 
                campaign committees) and all political committees 
                established and maintained by a State political party 
                (including any subordinate committee of a State 
                committee) shall be considered to be a single political 
                committee.''.
            (2) Section 315(a)(7).--Section 315(a)(7) (2 U.S.C. 
        441a(a)(7)) is amended by striking subparagraph (B) and 
        inserting the following:
                    ``(B) a coordinated activity, as described in 
                section 301(8)(C), shall be considered to be a 
                contribution to the candidate, and in the case of a 
                limitation on expenditures, shall be treated as an 
                expenditure by the candidate.
    (b) Meaning of Contribution or Expenditure for the Purposes of 
Section 316.--Section 316(b)(2) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 
1971 (2 U.S.C. 441b(b)) is amended by striking ``shall include'' and 
inserting ``includes a contribution or expenditure, as those terms are 
defined in section 301, and also includes''.

                         TITLE III--DISCLOSURE

SEC. 301. FILING OF REPORTS USING COMPUTERS AND FACSIMILE MACHINES; 
              FILING BY SENATE CANDIDATES WITH COMMISSION.

    (a) Use of Computer and Facsimile Machine.--Section 302(a) of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 434(a)) is amended by 
striking paragraph (11) and inserting the following:
            ``(11)(A) The Commission shall promulgate a regulation 
        under which a person required to file a designation, statement, 
        or report under this Act--
                    ``(i) is required to maintain and file a 
                designation, statement, or report for any calendar year 
                in electronic form accessible by computers if the 
                person has, or has reason to expect to have, aggregate 
                contributions or expenditures in excess of a threshold 
                amount determined by the Commission; and
                    ``(ii) may maintain and file a designation, 
                statement, or report in electronic form or an 
                alternative form, including the use of a facsimile 
                machine, if not required to do so under the regulation 
                promulgated under clause (i).
            ``(B) The Commission shall make a designation, statement, 
        report, or notification that is filed electronically with the 
        Commission accessible to the public on the Internet not later 
        than 24 hours after the designation, statement, report, or 
        notification is received by the Commission.
            ``(C) In promulgating a regulation under this paragraph, 
        the Commission shall provide methods (other than requiring a 
        signature on the document being filed) for verifying 
        designations, statements, and reports covered by the 
        regulation. Any document verified under any of the methods 
        shall be treated for all purposes (including penalties for 
        perjury) in the same manner as a document verified by 
        signature.''.
    (b) Senate Candidates File With Commission.--Title III of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.) is 
amended--
            (1) in section 302, by striking subsection (g) and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(g) Filing With the Commission.--All designations, statements, 
and reports required to be filed under this Act shall be filed with the 
Commission.''; and
            (2) in section 304--
                    (A) in subsection (a)(6)(A), by striking ``the 
                Secretary or''; and
                    (B) in the matter following subsection (c)(2), by 
                striking ``the Secretary or''.

SEC. 302. PROHIBITION OF DEPOSIT OF CONTRIBUTIONS WITH INCOMPLETE 
              CONTRIBUTOR INFORMATION.

    Section 302 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
432) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Deposit of Contributions.--The treasurer of a candidate's 
authorized committee shall not deposit, except in an escrow account, or 
otherwise negotiate a contribution from a person who makes an aggregate 
amount of contributions in excess of $200 during a calendar year unless 
the treasurer verifies that the information required by this section 
with respect to the contributor is complete.''.

SEC. 303. AUDITS.

    (a) Random Audits.--Section 311(b) of the Federal Election Campaign 
Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 438(b)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(1) In general.--'' before ``The 
        Commission''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Random audits.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), 
                the Commission may conduct random audits and 
                investigations to ensure voluntary compliance with this 
                Act. The selection of any candidate for a random audit 
                or investigation shall be based on criteria adopted by 
                a vote of at least 4 members of the Commission.
                    ``(B) Limitation.--The Commission shall not conduct 
                an audit or investigation of a candidate's authorized 
                committee under subparagraph (A) until the candidate is 
                no longer a candidate for the office sought by the 
                candidate in an election cycle.
                    ``(C) Applicability.--This paragraph does not apply 
                to an authorized committee of a candidate for President 
                or Vice President subject to audit under section 9007 
                or 9038 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.''.
    (b) Extension of Period During Which Campaign Audits May Be 
Begun.--Section 311(b) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 
U.S.C. 438(b)) is amended by striking ``6 months'' and inserting ``12 
months''.

SEC. 304. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTRIBUTIONS OF $50 OR MORE.

    Section 304(b)(3)(A) of the Federal Election Campaign Act at 1971 
(2 U.S.C. 434(b)(3)(A) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``$200'' and inserting ``$50''; and
            (2) by striking the semicolon and inserting ``, except that 
        in the case of a person who makes contributions aggregating at 
        least $50 but not more than $200 during the calendar year, the 
        identification need include only the name and address of the 
        person;''.

SEC. 305. USE OF CANDIDATES' NAMES.

    Section 302(e) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 
U.S.C. 432(e)) is amended by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the 
following:
            ``(4)(A) The name of each authorized committee shall 
        include the name of the candidate who authorized the committee 
        under paragraph (1).
            ``(B) A political committee that is not an authorized 
        committee shall not--
                            ``(i) include the name of any candidate in 
                        its name; or
                            ``(ii) except in the case of a national, 
                        State, or local party committee, use the name 
                        of any candidate in any activity on behalf of 
                        the committee in such a context as to suggest 
                        that the committee is an authorized committee 
                        of the candidate or that the use of the 
                        candidate's name has been authorized by the 
                        candidate.''.

SEC. 306. PROHIBITION OF FALSE REPRESENTATION TO SOLICIT CONTRIBUTIONS.

    Section 322 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
441h) is amended--
            (1) by inserting after ``Sec. 322.'' the following: ``(a) 
        In General.--''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Solicitation of Contributions.--No person shall solicit 
contributions by falsely representing himself or herself as a candidate 
or as a representative of a candidate, a political committee, or a 
political party.''.

SEC. 307. SOFT MONEY OF PERSONS OTHER THAN POLITICAL PARTIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 304 of the Federal Election Campaign Act 
of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 434) (as amended by section 103(a)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Disbursements of Persons Other Than Political Parties.--
            ``(1) In general.--A person, other than a political 
        committee of a political party or a person described in section 
        501(d) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, that makes an 
        aggregate amount of disbursements in excess of $50,000 during a 
        calendar year for activities described in paragraph (2) shall 
        file a statement with the Commission--
                    ``(A) on a monthly basis as described in subsection 
                (a)(4)(B); or
                    ``(B) in the case of disbursements that are made 
                within 20 days of an election, within 24 hours after 
                the disbursements are made.
            ``(2) Activity.--An activity is described in this paragraph 
        if it is--
                    ``(A) Federal election activity;
                    ``(B) an activity described in section 316(b)(2)(A) 
                that expresses support for or opposition to a candidate 
                for Federal office or a political party; or
                    ``(C) an activity described in subparagraph (B) or 
                (C) of section 316(b)(2).
            ``(3) Applicability.--This subsection does not apply to--
                    ``(A) a candidate or a candidate's authorized 
                committees; or
                    ``(B) an independent expenditure.
            ``(4) Contents.--A statement under this section shall 
        contain such information about the disbursements made during 
        the reporting period as the Commission shall prescribe, 
        including--
                    ``(A) the aggregate amount of disbursements made;
                    ``(B) the name and address of the person or entity 
                to whom a disbursement is made in an aggregate amount 
                in excess of $200;
                    ``(C) the date made, amount, and purpose of the 
                disbursement; and
                    ``(D) if applicable, whether the disbursement was 
                in support of, or in opposition to, a candidate or a 
                political party, and the name of the candidate or the 
                political party.''.
    (b) Definition of Generic Campaign Activity.--Section 301 of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
            ``(20) Generic campaign activity.--The term `generic 
        campaign activity' means an activity that promotes a political 
        party and does not promote a candidate or non-Federal 
        candidate.''.

SEC. 308. CAMPAIGN ADVERTISING.

    Section 318 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
441d) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``Whenever'' and inserting 
                        ``Whenever a political committee makes a 
                        disbursement for the purpose of financing any 
                        communication through any broadcasting station, 
                        newspaper, magazine, outdoor advertising 
                        facility, mailing, or any other type of general 
                        public political advertising, or whenever'';
                            (ii) by striking ``an expenditure'' and 
                        inserting ``a disbursement''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``direct''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``and permanent 
                street address'' after ``name''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Any printed communication described in subsection (a) shall--
            ``(1) be of sufficient type size to be clearly readable by 
        the recipient of the communication;
            ``(2) be contained in a printed box set apart from the 
        other contents of the communication; and
            ``(3) be printed with a reasonable degree of color contrast 
        between the background and the printed statement.
    ``(d)(1) Any broadcast or cablecast communication described in 
paragraphs (1) or (2) of subsection (a) shall include, in addition to 
the requirements of that paragraph, an audio statement by the candidate 
that identifies the candidate and states that the candidate has 
approved the communication.
    ``(2) If a broadcast or cablecast communication described in 
paragraph (1) is broadcast or cablecast by means of television, the 
communication shall include, in addition to the audio statement under 
paragraph (1), a written statement that--
            ``(A) appears at the end of the communication in a clearly 
        readable manner with a reasonable degree of color contrast 
        between the background and the printed statement, for a period 
        of at least 4 seconds; and
            ``(B) is accompanied by a clearly identifiable photographic 
        or similar image of the candidate.
    ``(e) Any broadcast or cablecast communication described in 
paragraph (3) of subsection (a) shall include, in addition to the 
requirements of that paragraph, in a clearly spoken manner, the 
following statement: `________________ is responsible for the content 
of this advertisement.' (with the blank to be filled in with the name 
of the political committee or other person paying for the communication 
and the name of any connected organization of the payor). If broadcast 
or cablecast by means of television, the statement shall also appear in 
a clearly readable manner with a reasonable degree of color contrast 
between the background and the printed statement, for a period of at 
least 4 seconds.''.

                    TITLE IV--PERSONAL WEALTH OPTION

SEC. 401. VOLUNTARY PERSONAL FUNDS EXPENDITURE LIMIT.

    Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
431 et seq.) (as amended by section 101) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:

``SEC. 324. VOLUNTARY PERSONAL FUNDS EXPENDITURE LIMIT.

    ``(a) Eligible Senate Candidate.--
            ``(1) Primary election.--
                    ``(A) Declaration.--A candidate for the office of 
                Senator is an eligible Senate candidate with respect to 
                a primary election if the candidate files with the 
                Commission a declaration that the candidate and the 
                candidate's authorized committees will not exceed the 
                personal funds expenditure limit.
                    ``(B) Time to file.--The declaration under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be filed not later than the date 
                on which the candidate files with the appropriate State 
                officer as a candidate for the primary election.
            ``(2) General election.--
                    ``(A) Declaration.--A candidate for the office of 
                Senator is an eligible Senate candidate with respect to 
                a general election if the candidate files with the 
                Commission--
                            ``(i) a declaration under penalty of 
                        perjury, with supporting documentation as 
                        required by the Commission, that the candidate 
                        and the candidate's authorized committees did 
                        not exceed the personal funds expenditure limit 
                        in connection with the primary election; and
                            ``(ii) a declaration that the candidate and 
                        the candidate's authorized committees will not 
                        exceed the personal funds expenditure limit in 
                        connection with the general election.
                    ``(B) Time to file.--The declaration under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be filed not later than 7 days 
                after the earlier of--
                            ``(i) the date on which the candidate 
                        qualifies for the general election ballot under 
                        State law; or
                            ``(ii) if under State law, a primary or 
                        run-off election to qualify for the general 
                        election ballot occurs after September 1, the 
                        date on which the candidate wins the primary or 
                        runoff election.
    ``(b) Personal Funds Expenditure Limit.--
            ``(1) In general.--The aggregate amount of expenditures 
        that may be made in connection with an election by an eligible 
        Senate candidate or the candidate's authorized committees from 
        the sources described in paragraph (2) shall not exceed 
        $50,000.
            ``(2) Sources.--A source is described in this paragraph if 
        the source is--
                    ``(A) personal funds of the candidate and members 
                of the candidate's immediate family; or
                    ``(B) proceeds of indebtedness incurred by the 
                candidate or a member of the candidate's immediate 
                family.
    ``(c) Certification by the Commission.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall determine whether a 
        candidate has met the requirements of this section and, based 
        on the determination, issue a certification stating whether the 
        candidate is an eligible Senate candidate.
            ``(2) Time for certification.--Not later than 7 business 
        days after a candidate files a declaration under paragraph (1) 
        or (2) of subsection (a), the Commission shall certify whether 
        the candidate is an eligible Senate candidate.
            ``(3) Revocation.--The Commission shall revoke a 
        certification under paragraph (1), based on information 
        submitted in such form and manner as the Commission may require 
        or on information that comes to the Commission by other means, 
        if the Commission determines that a candidate violates the 
        personal funds expenditure limit.
            ``(4) Determinations by Commission.--A determination made 
        by the Commission under this subsection shall be final, except 
        to the extent that the determination is subject to examination 
        and audit by the Commission and to judicial review.
    ``(d) Penalty.--If the Commission revokes the certification of an 
eligible Senate candidate--
            ``(1) the Commission shall notify the candidate of the 
        revocation; and
            ``(2) the candidate and a candidate's authorized committees 
        shall pay to the Commission an amount equal to the amount of 
        expenditures made by a national committee of a political party 
        or a State committee of a political party in connection with 
        the general election campaign of the candidate under section 
        315(d).''.

SEC. 402. POLITICAL PARTY COMMITTEE COORDINATED EXPENDITURES.

    Section 315(d) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 
U.S.C. 441a(d)) (as amended by section 214) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
            ``(5) This subsection does not apply to expenditures made 
        in connection with the general election campaign of a candidate 
        for the Senate who is not an eligible Senate candidate (as 
        described in section 324(a)).''.

                         TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS

SEC. 501. CODIFICATION OF BECK DECISION.

    Section 8 of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 158) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(h) Nonunion Member Payments to Labor Organization.--
            ``(1) In general.--It shall be an unfair labor practice for 
        any labor organization which receives a payment from an 
        employee pursuant to an agreement that requires employees who 
        are not members of the organization to make payments to such 
        organization in lieu of organization dues or fees not to 
        establish and implement the objection procedure described in 
        paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Objection procedure.--The objection procedure 
        required under paragraph (1) shall meet the following 
        requirements:
                    ``(A) The labor organization shall annually provide 
                to employees who are covered by such agreement but are 
                not members of the organization--
                            ``(i) reasonable personal notice of the 
                        objection procedure, the employees eligible to 
                        invoke the procedure, and the time, place, and 
                        manner for filing an objection; and
                            ``(ii) reasonable opportunity to file an 
                        objection to paying for organization 
                        expenditures supporting political activities 
                        unrelated to collective bargaining, including 
                        but not limited to the opportunity to file such 
                        objection by mail.
                    ``(B) If an employee who is not a member of the 
                labor organization files an objection under the 
                procedure in subparagraph (A), such organization 
                shall--
                            ``(i) reduce the payments in lieu of 
                        organization dues or fees by such employee by 
                        an amount which reasonably reflects the ratio 
                        that the organization's expenditures supporting 
                        political activities unrelated to collective 
                        bargaining bears to such organization's total 
                        expenditures; and
                            ``(ii) provide such employee with a 
                        reasonable explanation of the organization's 
                        calculation of such reduction, including 
                        calculating the amount of organization 
                        expenditures supporting political activities 
                        unrelated to collective bargaining.
            ``(3) Definition.--In this subsection, the term 
        `expenditures supporting political activities unrelated to 
        collective bargaining' means expenditures in connection with a 
        Federal, State, or local election or in connection with efforts 
        to influence legislation unrelated to collective bargaining.''.

SEC. 502. USE OF CONTRIBUTED AMOUNTS FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES.

    Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
431 et seq.) is amended by striking section 313 and inserting the 
following:

``SEC. 313. USE OF CONTRIBUTED AMOUNTS FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES.

    ``(a) Permitted Uses.--A contribution accepted by a candidate, and 
any other amount received by an individual as support for activities of 
the individual as a holder of Federal office, may be used by the 
candidate or individual--
            ``(1) for expenditures in connection with the campaign for 
        Federal office of the candidate or individual;
            ``(2) for ordinary and necessary expenses incurred in 
        connection with duties of the individual as a holder of Federal 
        office;
            ``(3) for contributions to an organization described in 
        section 170(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; or
            ``(4) for transfers to a national, State, or local 
        committee of a political party.
    ``(b) Prohibited Use.--
            ``(1) In general.--A contribution or amount described in 
        subsection (a) shall not be converted by any person to personal 
        use.
            ``(2) Conversion.--For the purposes of paragraph (1), a 
        contribution or amount shall be considered to be converted to 
        personal use if the contribution or amount is used to fulfill 
        any commitment, obligation, or expense of a person that would 
        exist irrespective of the candidate's election campaign or 
        individual's duties as a holder of Federal officeholder, 
        including--
                    ``(A) a home mortgage, rent, or utility payment;
                    ``(B) a clothing purchase;
                    ``(C) a noncampaign-related automobile expense;
                    ``(D) a country club membership;
                    ``(E) a vacation or other noncampaign-related trip;
                    ``(F) a household food item;
                    ``(G) a tuition payment;
                    ``(H) admission to a sporting event, concert, 
                theater, or other form of entertainment not associated 
                with an election campaign; and
                    ``(I) dues, fees, and other payments to a health 
                club or recreational facility.''.

SEC. 503. LIMIT ON CONGRESSIONAL USE OF THE FRANKING PRIVILEGE.

    Section 3210(a)(6) of title 39, United States Code, is amended by 
striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) A Member of Congress shall not mail any mass 
                mailing as franked mail during a year in which there 
                will be an election for the seat held by the Member 
                during the period between January 1 of that year and 
                the date of the general election for that Office, 
                unless the Member has made a public announcement that 
                the Member will not be a candidate for reelection to 
                that year or for election to any other Federal 
                office.''.

SEC. 504. PROHIBITION OF FUNDRAISING ON FEDERAL PROPERTY.

    Section 607 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Prohibition.--
            ``(1) In general.--It shall be unlawful for any person to 
        solicit or receive a donation of money or other thing of value 
        in connection with a Federal, State, or local election from a 
        person who is located in a room or building occupied in the 
        discharge of official duties by an officer or employee of the 
        United States. An individual who is an officer or employee of 
        the Federal Government, including the President, Vice 
President, and Members of Congress, shall not solicit a donation of 
money or other thing of value in connection with a Federal, State, or 
local election, while in any room or building occupied in the discharge 
of official duties by an officer or employee of the United States, from 
any person.
            ``(2) Penalty.--A person who violates this section shall be 
        fined not more than $5,000, imprisoned more than 3 years, or 
        both.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by inserting ``or Executive Office 
        of the President'' after ``Congress'' .

SEC. 505. PENALTIES FOR KNOWING AND WILLFUL VIOLATIONS.

    (a) Increased Penalties.--Section 309(a) of the Federal Election 
Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraphs (5)(A), (6)(A), and (6)(B), by striking 
        ``$5,000'' and inserting ``$10,000''; and
            (2) in paragraphs (5)(B) and (6)(C), by striking ``$10,000 
        or an amount equal to 200 percent'' and inserting ``$20,000 or 
        an amount equal to 300 percent''.
    (b) Equitable Remedies.--Section 309(a)(5)(A) of the Federal 
Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(5)) is amended by 
striking the period at the end and inserting ``, and may include 
equitable remedies or penalties, including disgorgement of funds to the 
Treasury or community service requirements (including requirements to 
participate in public education programs).''.
    (c) Automatic Penalty for Late Filing.--Section 309(a) of the 
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)) is amended--
            (1) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(13) Penalty for late filing.--
                    ``(A) In general.--
                            ``(i) Mandatory monetary penalties.--The 
                        Commission shall establish a schedule of 
                        mandatory monetary penalties that shall be 
                        imposed by the Commission for failure to meet a 
                        time requirement for filing under section 304.
                            ``(ii) Required filing.--In addition to 
                        imposing a penalty, the Commission may require 
                        a report that has not been filed within the 
                        time requirements of section 304 to be filed by 
                        a specific date.
                            ``(iii) Procedure.--A penalty or filing 
                        requirement imposed under this paragraph shall 
                        not be subject to paragraph (1), (2), (3), (4), 
                        (5), or (12).
                    ``(B) Filing an exception.--
                            ``(i) Time to file.--A political committee 
                        shall have 30 days after the imposition of a 
                        penalty or filing requirement by the Commission 
                        under this paragraph in which to file an 
                        exception with the Commission.
                            ``(ii) Time for commission to rule.--Within 
                        30 days after receiving an exception, the 
                        Commission shall make a determination that is a 
                        final agency action subject to exclusive review 
                        by the United States Court of Appeals for the 
                        District of Columbia Circuit under section 706 
                        of title 5, United States Code, upon petition 
                        filed in that court by the political committee 
                        or treasurer that is the subject of the agency 
                        action, if the petition is filed within 30 days 
                        after the date of the Commission action for 
                        which review is sought.'';
            (2) in paragraph (5)(D)--
                    (A) by inserting after the first sentence the 
                following: ``In any case in which a penalty or filing 
                requirement imposed on a political committee or 
                treasurer under paragraph (13) has not been satisfied, 
                the Commission may institute a civil action for 
                enforcement under paragraph (6)(A).''; and
                    (B) by inserting before the period at the end of 
                the last sentence the following: ``or has failed to pay 
                a penalty or meet a filing requirement imposed under 
                paragraph (13)''; and
            (3) in paragraph (6)(A), by striking ``paragraph (4)(A)'' 
        and inserting ``paragraph (4)(A) or (13)''.

SEC. 506. STRENGTHENING FOREIGN MONEY BAN.

    Section 319 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
441e) is amended--
            (1) by striking the heading and inserting the following: 
        ``contributions and donations by foreign nationals''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for--
            ``(1) a foreign national, directly or indirectly, to make--
                    ``(A) a donation of money or other thing of value, 
                or to promise expressly or impliedly to make a 
                donation, in connection with a Federal, State, or local 
                election; or
                    ``(B) a contribution or donation to a committee of 
                a political party; or
            ``(2) for a person to solicit, accept, or receive such 
        contribution or donation from a foreign national.''.

SEC. 507. PROHIBITION OF CONTRIBUTIONS BY MINORS.

    Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 
431 et seq.) (as amended by section 401) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:

``SEC. 326. PROHIBITION OF CONTRIBUTIONS BY MINORS.

    ``An individual who is 17 years old or younger shall not make a 
contribution to a candidate or a contribution or donation to a 
committee of a political party.''.

SEC. 508. EXPEDITED PROCEDURES.

    (a) In General.--Section 309(a) of the Federal Election Campaign 
Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)) (as amended by section 505(c)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(14)(A) If the complaint in a proceeding was filed within 
        60 days preceding the date of a general election, the 
        Commission may take action described in this subparagraph.
            ``(B) If the Commission determines, on the basis of facts 
        alleged in the complaint and other facts available to the 
        Commission, that there is clear and convincing evidence that a 
        violation of this Act has occurred, is occurring, or is about 
        to occur, the Commission may order expedited proceedings, 
        shortening the time periods for proceedings under paragraphs 
        (1), (2), (3), and (4) as necessary to allow the matter to be 
        resolved in sufficient time before the election to avoid harm 
        or prejudice to the interests of the parties.
            ``(C) If the Commission determines, on the basis of facts 
        alleged in the complaint and other facts available to the 
        Commission, that the complaint is clearly without merit, the 
        Commission may--
                    ``(i) order expedited proceedings, shortening the 
                time periods for proceedings under paragraphs (1), (2), 
                (3), and (4) as necessary to allow the matter to be 
                resolved in sufficient time before the election to 
                avoid harm or prejudice to the interests of the 
                parties; or
                    ``(ii) if the Commission determines that there is 
                insufficient time to conduct proceedings before the 
                election, summarily dismiss the complaint.''.
    (b) Referral to Attorney General.--Section 309(a)(5) of the Federal 
Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 437g(a)(5)) is amended by 
striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the following:
    ``(C) The Commission may at any time, by an affirmative vote of at 
least 4 of its members, refer a possible violation of this Act or 
chapter 95 or 96 of title 26, United States Code, to the Attorney 
General of the United States, without regard to any limitation set 
forth in this section.''.

SEC. 509. INITIATION OF ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDING.

    Section 309(a)(2) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 
U.S.C. 437g(a)(2)) is amended by striking ``reason to believe that'' 
and inserting ``reason to investigate whether''.

 TITLE VI--SEVERABILITY; CONSTITUTIONALITY; EFFECTIVE DATE; REGULATIONS

SEC. 601. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of this Act or amendment made by this Act, or the 
application of a provision or amendment to any person or circumstance, 
is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act and 
amendments made by this Act, and the application of the provisions and 
amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be affected by the 
holding.

SEC. 602. REVIEW OF CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES.

    An appeal may be taken directly to the Supreme Court of the United 
States from any final judgment, decree, or order issued by any court 
ruling on the constitutionality of any provision of this Act or 
amendment made by this Act.

SEC. 603. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    Except as otherwise provided in this Act, this Act and the 
amendments made by this Act take effect on the date that is 60 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act or January 1, 2000, whichever 
occurs first.

SEC. 604. REGULATIONS.

    The Federal Election Commission shall prescribe any regulations 
required to carry out this Act and the amendments made by this Act not 
later than 270 days after the effective date of this Act.
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