83042 Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 199 / Tuesday, October 15, 2024 / Notices 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–NPS0038883; 

PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000] 

Notice of Inventory Completion: 

Fernbank Museum of Natural History, 

Atlanta, GA 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: In accordance with the Native 

American Graves Protection and 

Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History has 

completed an inventory of human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

and has determined that there is a 

cultural affiliation between the human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

and Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian 

organizations in this notice. 

DATES: Repatriation of the human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

in this notice may occur on or after 

November 14, 2024. 

ADDRESSES: Wil Grewe-Mullins, 

Fernbank Museum of Natural History, 

767 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30307, 

telephone (404) 929–6312, email 

Wil.Grewe-Mullins@

fernbankmuseum.org. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This 

notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA. The 

determinations in this notice are the 

sole responsibility of the Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History, and 

additional information on the 

determinations in this notice, including 

the results of consultation, can be found 

in its inventory or related records. The 

National Park Service is not responsible 

for the determinations in this notice. 

Abstract of Information Available 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, one individual have been 

identified from 9LI43, Cunningham 

Mound A, on St. Catherines Island in 

Liberty County, Georgia. The four 

associated funerary objects include one 

lot ceramic sherds, one lot lithic 

debitage, one lithic flake tool, and one 

lot soil samples. These materials were 

recovered during archaeological 

excavations conducted in 1975 and 

1977 by the American Museum of 

Natural History (AMNH) under the 

direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. 

The remains were subsequently 

subjected to bioarcheological study 

under the direction of Dr. Clark S. 

Larsen, working in collaboration with 

the AMNH. After storage for intervals at 

the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, 

the remains and funerary objects were 

transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 

Noble Foundations. 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, five individuals have been 

identified from 9LI45, Cunningham 

Mound C, on St. Catherines Island in 

Liberty County, Georgia. The 19 

associated funerary objects include one 

lot ceramic sherds, one animal bone, 

two glass fragments, one groundstone 

object, eight pieces of lithic debitage, 

one biface, one projectile point, one nail 

or spike, one lot of unworked shell, one 

unmodified stone, and one soil sample. 

These materials were recovered during 

archaeological excavations conducted in 

1975 and 1977 by the AMNH under the 

direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. 

The remains were subsequently 

subjected to bioarcheological study 

under the direction of Dr. Clark S. 

Larsen, working in collaboration with 

the AMNH. After storage for intervals at 

the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, 

the remains were transferred in 2004 to 

Fernbank Museum of Natural History by 

the St. Catherines Island and Edward 

John Noble Foundations. The remains 

are all adults and at least two represent 

females. At least some burials occurred 

as extended or cremated interments. 

Funerary objects recovered from the site 

were also transferred to Fernbank in 

2004. 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, three individuals have been 

identified from 9LI46, Cunningham 

Mound D, on St. Catherines Island in 

Liberty County, Georgia. The 66 

associated funerary objects include two 

unmodified stone objects, two 

hammerstones, one metal bead, one 

glass bead, two pieces of copper, one 

metal shot or bullet, one lot ceramic 

sherds, 37 nails or spikes, 11 projectile 

points, six scrapers, one lot coffin wood, 

and one lithic flake. These materials 

were recovered during archaeological 

excavations conducted from 1976–1977 

by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. 

David Hurst Thomas. The remains were 

subsequently subjected to 

bioarcheological study under the 

direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working 

in collaboration with the AMNH. After 

storage for intervals at the AMNH and 

on St. Catherines Island, the remains 

were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 

Noble Foundations. The remains are all 

adults and at least one is female and 

another male. At least some burials 

occurred as flexed or bundled 

interments. Funerary objects recovered 

from the site were also transferred to 

Fernbank in 2004. 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, one individual have been 

identified from 9LI28, Cunningham 

Mound E, on St. Catherines Island in 

Liberty County, Georgia. The two 

associated funerary objects include one 

lot of ceramic sherds and one piece of 

lithic debitage. These materials were 

recovered during archaeological 

excavations conducted around 1970 by 

the University of Georgia under the 

direction of Dr. Joseph R. Caldwell, and 

from 1976–1977 by the AMNH under 

the direction of Dr. David Hurst 

Thomas. The remains were 

subsequently subjected to 

bioarcheological study under the 

direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working 

in collaboration with the AMNH. After 

storage for intervals at University of 

Georgia, the AMNH, and on St. 

Catherines Island, the remains were 

transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 

Noble Foundations. The remains 

represent an adult female interred in a 

bundle. Funerary objects recovered from 

the site were also transferred to 

Fernbank in 2004. 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, 70 individuals have been 

identified from 9LI18, John’s Mound, on 

St. Catherines Island in Liberty County, 

Georgia. The 214 associated funerary 

objects include one lot ceramic sherds, 

one lot non-human bone, one polished 

human phalanx, two bone awls, three 

ceramic vessels, three quartz cobbles, 

one pearl, one sand dollar, one 

unmodified stone, one groundstone 

object, 193 shell beads, one lot marine 

shell, and five soil samples. These 

materials were recovered during 

archaeological excavations conducted in 

1969–1970 by the University of Georgia 

under the direction of Dr. Joseph R. 

Caldwell. The remains were 

subsequently subjected to 

bioarcheological study under the 

direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working 

in collaboration with the AMNH. After 

storage for intervals at University of 

Georgia and on St. Catherines Island, 

the remains were transferred in 2004 to 

Fernbank Museum of Natural History by 

the St. Catherines Island and Edward 

John Noble Foundations. The remains 

represent at least 44 adults and 13 subadults, 13 of which have been identified 

as female and 16 male. Burials occurred 

as bundled and extended interments. 

Funerary objects recovered from the site 

were also transferred to Fernbank in 

2004. 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, five individuals were 


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Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 199 / Tuesday, October 15, 2024 / Notices 83043 

recovered from 9LI20, Mary’s Mound, 

on St. Catherines Island in Liberty 

County, Georgia. The 25 associated 

funerary objects include six whole and 

partial ceramic vessels, two awls, one 

lot ceramic sherds, one lithic flake, one 

pipe fragment, 10 modified whelk 

shells, three unmodified marine shells, 

and one lot non-human bone. These 

materials were recovered during 

archaeological excavations conducted in 

1970 by the University of Georgia under 

the direction of Dr. Joseph Caldwell, 

and in 1977 by the AMNH under the 

direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. 

The remains were subsequently 

subjected to bioarcheological study 

under the direction of Dr. Clark S. 

Larsen, working in collaboration with 

the AMNH. After storage for intervals at 

University of Georgia, the AMNH, and 

on St. Catherines Island, the remains 

were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 

Noble Foundations. The remains 

represent at least two adults and three 

sub-adults, at least two of which are 

female. Burials occurred as either flexed 

or bundled interments. Funerary objects 

recovered from the site were also 

transferred to Fernbank in 2004. 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, 20 individuals were 

recovered from 9LI47, McLeod Mound, 

on St. Catherines Island in Liberty 

County, Georgia. The 14 associated 

funerary objects include two projectile 

points, one lithic scraper, one lot 

ceramic sherds, one shark tooth, five 

pieces non-human bone, one lithic 

debitage, one metal shot or bullet, one 

mineral fragment, and one unidentified 

stone. The materials were recovered 

during archaeological excavations 

conducted from 1975–1976 by the 

AMNH under the direction of Dr. David 

Hurst Thomas. The remains were 

subsequently subjected to 

bioarcheological study under the 

direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working 

in collaboration with the AMNH. After 

storage for intervals at the AMNH and 

on St. Catherines Island, the remains 

were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 

Noble Foundations. The remains are all 

adults, at least ten of which are female 

and three are male. Burials occurred as 

extended and bundled interments. 

Funerary objects recovered from the site 

were also transferred to Fernbank in 

2004. 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, 19 individuals were 

recovered from 9LI26, Seaside Mound I, 

on St. Catherines Island in Liberty 

County, Georgia. The eight associated 

funerary objects include one lot ceramic 

sherds, one lithic scraper, two projectile 

points, one modified shell, one 

modified bone item, one lot non-human 

bone, and one lot lithic debitage. The 

materials were recovered during 

archaeological excavations conducted in 

1970 by the University of Georgia under 

the direction of Dr. Joseph Caldwell, 

and in 1977 by the AMNH under the 

direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. 

The remains were subsequently 

subjected to bioarcheological study 

under the direction of Dr. Clark S. 

Larsen, working in collaboration with 

the AMNH. After storage for intervals at 

University of Georgia, the AMNH, and 

on St. Catherines Island, the remains 

were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 

Noble Foundations. The remains 

represent at least 15 adults and four subadults, at least two of which are female 

and five male. Burials occurred as 

bundled and extended interments. 

Funerary objects recovered from the site 

were also transferred to Fernbank in 

2004. 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, 14 individuals were 

recovered from 9LI62, Seaside Mound 

II, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty 

County, Georgia. The five associated 

funerary objects include one lot ceramic 

sherds, one lot lithic debitage, and three 

projectile points. The materials were 

recovered during archaeological 

excavations conducted from 1976–1977 

by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. 

David Hurst Thomas. The remains were 

subsequently subjected to 

bioarcheological study under the 

direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working 

in collaboration with the AMNH. After 

storage for intervals at the AMNH and 

on St. Catherines Island, the remains 

were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 

Noble Foundations. The remains 

represent at least 13 adults and one subadult, at least four of which are female 

and three are male. Burials occurred as 

bundled and extended interments. 

Funerary objects recovered from the site 

were also transferred to Fernbank in 

2004. 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, one individual were 

recovered from 9LI12, South New 

Ground Mound, on St. Catherines Island 

in Liberty County, Georgia. The one lot 

of associated funerary objects include 

one lot of ceramic sherds. The materials 

were recovered during archaeological 

excavations conducted in 1976–1977 by 

the AMNH under the direction of Dr. 

David Hurst Thomas. The remains were 

subsequently subjected to 

bioarcheological study under the 

direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working 

in collaboration with the AMNH. After 

storage for intervals at the AMNH and 

on St. Catherines Island, the remains 

were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 

Noble Foundations. The remains are 

those of an adult female. Funerary 

objects recovered from the site were also 

transferred to Fernbank in 2004. 

Associated funerary objects were 

recovered from 9LI3, South End Mound 

I, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty 

County, Georgia. The 224 objects 

include one lot ceramic sherds, two 

ceramic pipe stems, one lot lithic 

debitage, one projectile point, one 

button, one unidentified metal fragment, 

211 shell beads, one lot modified and 

unmodified whelk shells, three mineral 

fragments, one unmodified stone, and 

one lot soil samples. The materials were 

recovered during archaeological 

excavations conducted in 1986 by the 

AMNH under the direction of Dr. David 

Hurst Thomas, and from 1991–1993 

under the direction of Dr. Clark Spencer 

Larsen. After storage for intervals at The 

Ohio State University, the AMNH, and 

on St. Catherines Island, the remains 

were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 

Noble Foundations. The human remains 

associated with these objects have been 

listed in a Notice of Inventory 

Completion published in the Federal 

Register on August 20, 2009 (74 FR 

42098–42100). 

Human remains representing, at 

minimum, 18 individuals were 

recovered from 9LI273, South End 

Mound II, on St. Catherines Island in 

Liberty County, Georgia. The 58 

associated funerary objects include one 

lot ceramic sherds, three glass beads, 

four hammerstones, one piece 

unmodified stone, one lot lithic 

debitage, four lithic bifaces, three 

modified lithics, 35 lead fragments, 

three granite items, one lot copper sheet 

fragments, and two modified shells. The 

materials were recovered during 

archaeological excavations conducted 

from 1979–1980 by the AMNH under 

the direction of Dr. David Hurst 

Thomas. The remains were 

subsequently subjected to 

bioarcheological study under the 

direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working 

in collaboration with the AMNH. After 

storage for intervals at the AMNH and 

on St. Catherines Island, the remains 

were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History by the St. 

Catherines Island and Edward John 


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83044 Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 199 / Tuesday, October 15, 2024 / Notices 

Noble Foundations. The remains 

represent at least 13 adults and two sub 

adults, at least three of which are female 

and one male. At least some of the 

burials represented cremated remains. 

Funerary objects recovered from the site 

were also transferred to Fernbank in 

2004. 

Cultural Affiliation 

Based on the information available 

and the results of consultation, cultural 

affiliation is reasonably identified by the 

geographical location or acquisition 

history of the human remains and 

associated funerary objects described in 

this notice. 

Determinations 

The Fernbank Museum of Natural 

History has determined that: 

• The human remains described in 

this notice represent the physical 

remains of at least 157 individuals of 

Native American ancestry. 

• The 640 objects described in this 

notice are reasonably believed to have 

been placed intentionally with or near 

individual human remains at the time of 

death or later as part of the death rite 

or ceremony. 

• There is a connection between the 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects described in this notice and the 

Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town; 

Miccosukee Tribe of Indians; Poarch 

Band of Creek Indians; Seminole Tribe 

of Florida; The Muscogee (Creek) 

Nation; The Seminole Nation of 

Oklahoma; and Thlopthlocco Tribal 

Town. 

Requests for Repatriation 

Written requests for repatriation of the 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects in this notice must be sent to the 

authorized representative identified in 

this notice under ADDRESSES. Requests 

for repatriation may be submitted by: 

1. Any one or more of the Indian 

Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations 

identified in this notice. 

2. Any lineal descendant, Indian 

Tribe, or Native Hawaiian organization 

not identified in this notice who shows, 

by a preponderance of the evidence, that 

the requestor is a lineal descendant or 

an Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization with cultural affiliation. 

Repatriation of the human remains 

and associated funerary objects 

described in this notice to a requestor 

may occur on or after November 14, 

2024. If competing requests for 

repatriation are received, the Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History must 

determine the most appropriate 

requestor prior to repatriation. Requests 

for joint repatriation of the human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

are considered a single request and not 

competing requests. The Fernbank 

Museum of Natural History is 

responsible for sending a copy of this 

notice to the Indian Tribes and Native 

Hawaiian organizations identified in 

this notice. 

Authority: Native American Graves 

Protection and Repatriation Act, 25 

U.S.C. 3003, and the implementing 

regulations, 43 CFR 10.10. 

Dated: October 4, 2024. 

Melanie O’Brien, 

Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2024–23724 Filed 10–11–24; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–52–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–NPS0038882; 

PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000] 

Notice of Intended Repatriation: 

American Museum of Natural History, 

New York, NY 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: In accordance with the Native 

American Graves Protection and 

Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), the 

American Museum of Natural History 

intends to repatriate certain cultural 

items that meet the definition of 

unassociated funerary objects and that 

have a cultural affiliation with the 

Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian 

organizations in this notice. 

DATES: Repatriation of the cultural items 

in this notice may occur on or after 

November 14, 2024. 

ADDRESSES: Nell Murphy, American 

Museum of Natural History, 200 Central 

Park West, New York, NY 10024, 

telephone (212) 769–5837, email 

nmurphy@amnh.org. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This 

notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA. The 

determinations in this notice are the 

sole responsibility of the American 

Museum of Natural History and 

additional information on the 

determinations in this notice, including 

the results of consultation, can be found 

in the summary or related records. The 

National Park Service is not responsible 

for the determinations in this notice. 

Abstract of Information Available 

A total of 17 cultural items have been 

requested for repatriation. The 17 

unassociated funerary objects are one lot 

of faunal material; one lot of turtle cup 

fragments; one bone awl; one likely 

bone awl; one lot of oyster shells; one 

lot of quahog shell; one lot of scallop 

shells; one lot of mussel shells; one lot 

of clam shells; one lot of helix shell; one 

lot of sea snail shell; one lot of barnacle 

shell; one lot of fish vertebrae; one lot 

of pot sherds; one lot of decorated rim 

sherds; one pot base; and one lot of 

stone implements. J.B. James, Jr., 

removed these unassociated funerary 

objects from Van Cortlandt Park, Bronx 

County, NY, in 1890 during a road 

grading project. James gifted these 

unassociated funerary objects to the 

Museum in 1895 which accessioned 

them that year. 

Determinations 

The American Museum of Natural 

History has determined that: 

• The 17 unassociated funerary 

objects described in this notice are 

reasonably believed to have been placed 

intentionally with or near human 

remains, and are connected, either at the 

time of death or later as part of the death 

rite or ceremony of a Native American 

culture according to the Native 

American traditional knowledge of a 

lineal descendant, Indian Tribe, or 

Native Hawaiian organization. The 

unassociated funerary objects have been 

identified by a preponderance of the 

evidence as related to human remains, 

specific individuals, or families, or 

removed from a specific burial site or 

burial area of an individual or 

individuals with cultural affiliation to 

an Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization. 

• There is a reasonable connection 

between the cultural items described in 

this notice and the Delaware Nation, 

Oklahoma; Delaware Tribe of Indians; 

and the Stockbridge Munsee 

Community, Wisconsin. 

Requests for Repatriation 

Additional, written requests for 

repatriation of the cultural items in this 

notice must be sent to the authorized 

representative identified in this notice 

under ADDRESSES. Requests for 

repatriation may be submitted by any 

lineal descendant, Indian Tribe, or 

Native Hawaiian organization not 

identified in this notice who shows, by 

a preponderance of the evidence, that 

the requestor is a lineal descendant or 

a culturally affiliated Indian Tribe or 

Native Hawaiian organization. 

Repatriation of the cultural items in 

this notice to a requestor may occur on 

or after November 14, 2024. If 

competing requests for repatriation are 

received, the American Museum of 

Natural History must determine the 


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