Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1137 | Page

Appendix I – Best Management Practices 

Introduction 

A Best Management Practice or BMP is a practice, or combination of practices that have been 

determined to be the most eơective and practicable in preventing or reducing the amount of pollution 

generated by diơuse sources to a level compatible with water quality goals (40 CFR 130.2 [m]). 

The BMPs described in this appendix are methods, measures, or practices selected based on sitespeci¿c conditions to ensure that water quality would be maintained at its highest practicable level to 

meet water quality standards and TMDL load allocations as set by the State of Oregon, Department of 

Environmental Quality. These site-specific BMPs are a compilation of commonly employed practices 

developed through professional experience or research, and designed to minimize water quality 

degradation and loss of soil productivity. The BMPs include, but are not limited to, avoidance, 

structural and nonstructural treatments, operations, and maintenance procedures. Although normally 

preventative, BMPs can be applied before, during, and after pollution-producing activities to reduce or 

eliminate the introduction of pollutants into receiving waters (40 CFR 130.2, EPA Water Quality 

Standards Regulation). The implementation of these BMPs would be the beginning of an iterative 

process that includes the monitoring and modification of BMPs, where needed, to achieve water 

quality goals. This cyclic process would be the primary mechanism to achieve Oregon’s water quality 

standards. 

The BLM is responsible for implementing BMPs on the lands it administers.135 The BMPs provide 

compliance with the Clean Water Act of 1972, as amended, State of Oregon water quality legislation 

(chapter 340), and the O&C Act. For proposed management actions, BMPs would be designed and 

implemented in a manner that is consistent with the DEQ Memorandum of Understanding (2011), and 

with the Clean Water Act. The BLM believes the BMPs are at least as protective as the rules adopted 

under the Oregon Forest Practices Act, covering similar operations on state and private forestlands. 

The Resource Management Plan allocations and Management Objectives, especially relating to the 

Riparian Reserve, are broad scale BMPs. For vegetation treatments using herbicides on BLMadministered lands in the decision area, BMPs are included in Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides 

on BLM Lands in Oregon Record of Decision, October 2010 as mitigation measures and standard 

operating practices, incorporated by reference. Briefly, mitigation and standard operating procedures in 

Attachment A; General, Soil, Water Resources, Wetlands and Riparian Areas, Fish and Other Aquatic 

Organisms, Recreation and other beneficial uses and values (pp. 33-45), and additional mitigation (pp. 

13-15) are considered BMPs for herbicide treatments. For other management activities, including 

minerals exploration and development, linear transmission projects and most hazardous materials, the 

mechanism to achieve Oregon State Water Quality Standards would be guided by existing Management 

Direction, other regulations or separate Environmental Analysis and not necessarily be covered by the 

BMPs contained in this RMP. For example, management of locatable minerals is non-discretionary and 

governed by regulations found in 43 CFR 3809. The BMPs for locatable minerals include language from 

43 CFR 3809 that requires operators to prevent unnecessary and undue degradation from mining 

operations. 

 

135 The DEQ has granted Designated Management Agency status to the BLM through the Memorandum of Understanding. 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

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The following lists of site-specific BMPs are more detailed than, and in addition to, the Management 

Objectives contained in the RMP. The BMPs are not intended to be all-inclusive nor replace site-specific 

project planning, which may require the use of different or additional BMP practices. 

Purpose 

Best management practices (BMPs) are required by the federal Clean Water Act (1972), as amended to 

reduce nonpoint source pollution to the maximum extent practicable. Nonpoint source pollution is defined 

as pollutants detected in water bodies such as a streams, or lakes that come from the landscape in a 

dispersed manner, often related to a wide range of forest and rangeland ground disturbing activities. The 

BMPs are the primary controls for achieving Oregon’s water quality standards pertaining to nonpoint 

source pollution. Oregon’s narrative and numeric criteria within water quality standards, are designed to 

protect designated bene¿cial uses (such as salmonid spawning and rearing, resident ¿sh and aquatic life, 

domestic water supplies, and water-contact recreation). 

BLM’s and DEQ's strategy for managing and controlling nonpoint source water pollution from BLMmanaged lands in the State of Oregon is through a Memorandum of Understanding (2011) between the 

State of Oregon, Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and the United States Department of the 

Interior, Bureau of Land Management, (BLM).This MOU defines the process by which the BLM and 

DEQ will cooperatively meet State and Federal water quality rules and regulations. The physical, 

chemical, and biological conditions of "waters of the State" that support beneficial uses (defined in 

Oregon Revised Statute (ORS), Chapter 468B Water Quality, and Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR), 

Division 41) would be protected, restored, and maintained by working in a proactive, collaborative, and 

adaptive manner. The MOU specifies that the BLM would implement site-specific BMPs as specified in 

Management Objectives, standards, guidelines, design features, and mitigation developed in Resource 

Management Plans (RMP), RMP amendments, project level plans, and Water Quality Restoration Plans 

(WQRP) to meet applicable water quality standards. Monitoring is required, under the MOU, to ensure 

that practices are properly designed and applied, to determine the effectiveness of practices in meeting 

water quality standards, and adjustment of BMPs when it is found that water quality standards are not 

being protected. 

Organization, Selection, and Application of BMPs 

The tables that follow this introduction are organized by core activities on BLM-administered lands in 

the Decision Area. For each core activity, the sequential number, and Best Management Practice is 

listed first in the left columns, the source, or reference in the center column, and the applicable DEQ 

narrative or numeric water quality standards in the right column. The right column identifies the DEQ 

Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR) number(s), and provides OAR references within the roads and 

landings section, to compare these BMPs to similar Oregon Department of Forestry OARs. 

Core activities with BMPs include: 

x Road and landing maintenance and construction

x Timber harvest activities

x Silvicultural activities

x Fire and fuels management

x Surface source water for drinking water

x Recreation management

x Range management
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x Minerals (salable) development 

x Spill prevention and abatement

x Restoration activities 

x Dry forest-specific BMPs

Those BMPs that are necessary for typical situations have been included. When applied, the BLM 

would expect BMPs to prevent water quality degradation and to meet water quality standards and 

TMDL load allocations.

Selection of BMPs are made by decision-makers using input from soil, water, ¿sheries, geology and 

other professionals during project-level analyses. It is not intended that all of the BMPs listed will be 

selected for any speci¿c management action. Each activity is unique, based on site-speci¿c conditions 

and the selection of an individual BMP or a combination of BMPs and measures that becomes the BMP 

design. Resource aspects of land management activities normally have many facets that require sitespeci¿c BMP design. Therefore, there may be some repetition of the BMPs between sections of the 

following tables. An activity may use an individual BMP, whereas another activity may involve BMPs 

in combination from several core management activities for water quality protection. 

BMPs that relate to instream activities may coincidently be similar to applicable practices speci¿ed in 

Army Corps of Engineers, Department of State Lands, and ODFW joint removal/¿ll permits, DEQ 

water quality permits and 401 certi¿cations, or project design criteria contained in biological 

assessments. The BMPs in the following tables are not speci¿c permit requirements, but rather 

demonstrate the process by which nonpoint source pollution from instream activities would be 

controlled.

The BMPs are practices, techniques, or management strategies that have been evaluated through 

common practice or studies, and are shown to be an eơective and practical means of preventing or 

reducing nonpoint source pollution. The BMPs are not intended to serve as detailed engineering 

speci¿cations or design criteria. Such speci¿cations are available for ¿eld use from various sources.

The BMPs would be applied in a manner that is consistent with all Resource Management Plan 

objectives. The overall goal is not to adhere strictly to a particular BMP(s), but to meet water quality 

objectives when implementing management actions. Although this appendix does not provide an 

exhaustive list of BMPs, the included BMPs, when applied correctly for varying ground-disturbing 

activities, would maintain water quality for the range of project activities in the Decision Area. 

Additional nonpoint source control measures would be identi¿ed during the interdisciplinary process 

when evaluating site-speci¿c management actions.

Monitoring and Adjustment 

BMPs are selected and applied, based upon site-specific conditions, technical feasibility, resource 

availability and the water quality of those water bodies potentially impacted. Specialists may consider 

baseline environmental conditions, type of activity, proximity to water, disturbance level, direct, indirect, 

and cumulative eơects and timing. They may also evaluate new technology and relevant implementation 

or eơectiveness monitoring data, and published studies or other sources of information, in re¿ning 

existing BMPs or recommending new BMPs. Post-project implementation monitoring of selected BMPs 

demonstrate that BMPs are carried forward from the project level plans, and properly designed and 

applied. Effectiveness monitoring demonstrates that selected BMPs meet water quality standards and 

criteria and assure protection of beneficial uses. Modification of BMPs would be initiated when it is 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

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found that water quality standards are not being protected. This process involves continued learning and 

applying monitoring feedback. Summarizing thousands of on-site evaluations show that BMPs protect 

surface waters and are implemented correctly at least 86% of the time and are effective in 85% to 99% of 

applications (Rogers 2007, USDA FS 2012). 

Review and update of this appendix, including BMP corrections or additions that are within the core 

subject areas of existing BMPs, would be completed through plan maintenance.

Roads and Landings 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-1. Best management practices for roads and landings. 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

General Construction 

R 1

Locate temporary and permanent roads 

and landings on stable locations, e.g., 

ridge tops, stable benches, or flats, and 

gentle-to-moderate side slopes. 

Minimize construction on steep slopes, 

slide areas, and high landslide hazard 

locations. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 1, 

p. 270.

OAR 629-625-0200 (3) 

OAR 629-625-0200–ODF, Road Location 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 2

Locate temporary and permanent road 

construction or improvement to 

minimize the number of stream 

crossings.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 2, 

p. 270.

OAR 629-625-0200 (3-

4)

OAR 629-625-0200–ODF, Road Location 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 3

Locate roads and landings away from 

wetlands, Riparian Reserves, 

floodplains and waters of the State, 

unless there is no practicable 

alternative. Avoid locating landings in 

areas that contribute runoff to channels. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 4, 

p. 270.

OAR 629-625-0200 (2)

OAR 629-625-0200–ODF, Road Location 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 4

Locate roads and landings to reduce 

total transportation system mileage. 

Renovate or improve existing roads or 

landings when it would cause less

adverse environmental impact. Where 

roads traverse land in another 

ownership, investigate options for using 

those roads before constructing new 

roads.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 2, 

p. 270.

EPA 2005, pp. 3-12, 

Bullet 1

OAR 629-625-0200 (5) 

EPA 2005, pp. 3-10, 

Bullet 1 

OAR 629-625-0200–ODF, Road Location 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 5

Design roads to the minimum width 

needed for the intended use as 

referenced in BLM Manual 9113.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 8, 

p. 271.

OAR 629-625-0310 (3) 

OAR 629-625-0310-ODF, Road Prism

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 6 Confine pioneer roads to the USDI BLM 2008, OAR 629-625-0410-ODF, Disposal of Waste 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1141 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

construction limits of the permanent 

roadway to reduce the amount of area 

disturbed and avoid deposition in 

wetlands, Riparian Reserves, 

floodplains and waters of the State. 

Install temporary drainage, erosion, and 

sediment control structures. Storm 

proof or close pioneer roads prior to the 

onset of the wet season. 

Appendix I-Water, R 

11, p. 271.

EPA 2005, p. 3-41, 

Bullet 2

Materials

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 7

Design road cut and fill slopes with 

stable angles, to reduce erosion and 

prevent slope failure.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 3, 

p. 270.

EPA 2005 

OAR 629-625-0310-ODF, Road Prism 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 8

End-haul material excavated during 

construction, renovation, and/or 

maintenance where side slopes 

generally exceed 60 percent and any 

slope where side-cast material may 

enter wetlands, floodplains, and waters 

of the State. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

10, p. 271.

EPA 2005, pp. 3-12, 

Bullet 5

OAR 629-625-0310-ODF, Road Prism

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 9

Construct road fills to prevent fill 

failure using inorganic material, 

compaction, buttressing, sub-surface 

drainage, rock facing, or other effective 

means.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

13, p. 271.

OAR 629-625-0310-5 

OAR 629-625-0310-ODF, Road Prism

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 10 

Design and construct sub-surface 

drainage in landslide prone areas and 

saturated soils (e.g., trench drains using 

geo-textile fabrics and drain pipes). 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

19, p. 272.

DEQ 2005, RC-1, RC6, pp.4-5, 4-6 

OAR 629-625-0300-ODF, Road Design

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 11 

Locate waste disposal areas outside 

wetlands, Riparian Reserves, 

floodplains and unstable areas to 

minimize risk of sediment delivery to 

waters of the State. Apply surface 

erosion control prior to the wet season. 

Prevent overloading areas, which may 

become unstable.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

80, p. 281.

OAR 629-625-0340

OAR 629-625-0340-ODF, 

Waste Disposal Areas 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation

OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1), (7)

Turbidity

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 12 

Use controlled blasting techniques to 

minimize loss of material on steep 

slopes or into wetlands, Riparian 

Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the 

State. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

12, p. 271.

OAR 629-625-0410-ODF, Disposal of Waste 

Materials

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 13 

Use temporary sediment control 

measures (e.g., check dams, silt 

fencing, bark bags, filter strips and 

mulch) to slow runoff and contain 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

14, p. 271.

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1142 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

sediment from road construction areas. 

Remove any accumulated sediment and 

the control measures when work or 

haul is complete. When long-term 

structural sediment control measures 

are incorporated into the final erosion 

control plan, remove any accumulated 

sediment to retain capacity of the 

control measure. 

DEQ 2005, RC-11 Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 14 

Avoid use of road fills for water 

impoundment dams unless specifically 

designed for that purpose. 

Impoundments over 9.2-acre feet or 10 

feet in depth will require a dam safety 

assessment by a registered engineer. 

Upgrade existing road fill 

impoundments to pass 100-year flood 

events. 

OAR 629-625-0310-5 

OAR 629-625-0310-ODF, Road Prism

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

Permanent Stream Crossings 

R 15 

Design culverts, bridges, and other 

stream crossings for the 100-year flood 

event including allowance for bed load 

and anticipated floatable debris.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

45, p. 276.

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 16 

Minimize fill volumes at permanent 

and temporary stream crossings by 

restricting width and height of fill to 

amounts needed for safe travel and 

adequate cover for culverts. For deep 

fills (generally greater than 15 feet 

deep,) incorporate additional design 

criteria (e.g., rock blankets, buttressing, 

bioengineering techniques) to reduce 

the susceptibility of fill failures. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

47, p. 276.

OAR 629-625 -0320 

(1b)

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 17 

Locate stream-crossing culverts on 

well-defined, unobstructed, and straight 

reaches of stream. Locate these 

crossings as close to perpendicular to 

the streamflow as stream allows. When 

structure cannot be aligned 

perpendicular, provide inlet and outlet 

structures that protect fill, and 

minimize bank erosion. Choose 

crossings that have well defined stream 

channels with erosion resistant bed and 

banks. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

48, p. 276.

EPA 2005, pp. 3-14

Gesford and Anderson 

2006, pp. 5-30 

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 18 

On new construction, install culverts at 

the natural stream grade, unless a lessor 

gradient is required for fish passage. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

49, p. 276. 

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1143 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

R 19 

Use stream crossing protection 

techniques to allow floodwater and 

debris to flow over the top of the road 

prism without the loss of the fill or 

diversion of streamflow. This 

protection could include hardening 

crossings, armoring fills, dipping 

grades, oversizing culverts, hardening 

inlets and outlets, and lowering the fill 

height. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

53, p. 277.

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 20 

Design stream crossings to prevent 

diversion of water from streams into 

downgrade road ditches or down road 

surfaces.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

31, p. 274.

OAR 629-625 -0330 (3) 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 21 

Place instream grade control structures 

above or below the crossing structure, 

if necessary, to prevent stream 

headcutting, culvert undermining and 

downstream sedimentation. Employ 

bioengineering measures to protect the 

stability of the streambed and banks. 

DEQ 2005 , RC - 2 

Gesford and Anderson 

2006, pp 5-31. 

USDA FS 2002 Chapter 

20

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 22 

Prevent culvert plugging and failure in 

areas of active debris movement with 

measures such as beveled culvert inlets, 

flared inlets, wingwalls, over-sized 

culverts, trash racks, or slotted risers. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

59, p. 278.

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 23 

Utilize stream diversion and isolation 

techniques when installing stream 

crossings. Evaluate the physical 

characteristics of the site, volume of 

water flowing through the project area 

and the risk of erosion and 

sedimentation when selecting the 

proper techniques. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

50, R 51, p. 277.

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 24 

Limit activities and access points of 

mechanized equipment to streambank 

areas or temporary platforms when 

installing or removing structures. Keep 

equipment activity in the stream 

channel to an absolute minimum.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

52, p. 277.

OAR 629-625-0430 (2) 

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 25 

Install stream crossing structures before 

heavy equipment moves beyond the 

crossing area.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

60, p. 278.

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1144 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 26 

Disconnect the road runoff to the 

stream channel by outsloping the road 

approach. If outsloping is not possible, 

use runoff control, erosion control and 

sediment containment measures. These 

may include using additional cross 

drain culverts, ditch lining, and

catchment basins. Prevent or reduce 

ditch flow conveyance to the stream 

through cross drain placement above 

the stream crossing. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

26, p. 273, R 33 p. 274. 

Gesford and Anderson 

2006, pp. 5-22. 

OAR 629-625-0330 (4) 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Temporary Stream Crossings for Roads and Skid Trails 

R 27 

When installing temporary culverts, use 

washed rock as a backfill material. Use 

geotextile fabric as necessary where 

washed rock will spread with traffic 

and cannot be practicably retrieved. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

63, p. 279.

DEQ 2005, NS-3 

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 28 

Use no-fill structures (e.g., portable 

mats, temporary bridges, or improved 

hardened crossings) for temporary 

stream crossings. When not practicable, 

design temporary stream crossings with 

the least amount of fill and construct 

with coarse material to facilitate 

removal upon completion.

OAR 629-625-0320 (2) 

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 29 

Remove temporary crossing structures 

promptly after use. Follow practices 

under the Closure/Decommissioning 

section for removing stream crossing 

drainage structures and reestablishing 

the natural drainage.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

65, p. 279.

OAR 629-625-0430 (5) 

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Surface Drainage 

R 30 

Effectively drain the road surface by 

using crowning, insloping or 

outsloping, grade reversals (rolling 

dips) and waterbars or a combination of 

these methods. Avoid concentrated 

discharge onto fill slopes unless the fill 

slopes are stable and erosion proofed. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

22, p. 272.

EPA 2005, p. 3-41 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 31 

Outslope temporary and permanent low 

volume roads to provide surface 

drainage on road gradients up to 6% 

unless there is a traffic hazard from the 

road shape.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

23, R 24, p. 273.

EPA 2005, p. 3-42 

USDA FS 2002 

Chapter 13 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 32 

Consider using broadbased drainage 

dips and/or lead-off ditches in lieu of 

cross drains for low volume roads. 

Locate these surface water drainage 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

25, R 26, p. 273.

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1145 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

measures where they will not drain into 

wetlands, floodplains, and waters of the 

State. 

EPA 2005, pp. 3-41-45 

USDA FS 2002 Chapter 

13

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 33 

Avoid use of outside road berms unless 

designed to protect road fills from 

runoff. If road berms are used, breach 

to accommodate drainage where fill 

slopes are stable.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

27, p. 273. 

Gesford and Anderson 

2006, pp. 3-7. 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 34 

Construct variable road grades and 

alignments (e.g., roll the grade, grade 

breaks) which limit water 

concentration, velocity, flow distance 

and associated stream power.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

28, p. 273.

Gesford and Anderson 

2006, pp. 5-20. 

OAR 629-625-0310 (1) 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 35 

Install underdrain structures when 

roads cross or expose springs, seeps, or 

wet areas rather than allowing 

intercepted water to flow downgradient 

in ditchlines.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

29, p. 273.

OAR 629-625-0330 (5) 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 36 

Design roads crossing low-lying areas 

so that water does not pond on the 

upslope side of the road. Provide cross 

drains at short intervals to ensure free 

drainage.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

19, p. 272.

EPA 2005, p. 3-14, 

Bullet 1

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 37 

Divert road and landing runoff water 

away from headwalls, slide areas, high 

landslide hazard locations, or steep 

erodible fill slopes.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

29, p. 273.

OAR 629-625-0330 (2) 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 38 Design landings to disperse surface 

water to vegetated stable areas.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

30, p. 274.

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Cross Drains 

R 39 

Locate cross drains to prevent or 

minimize runoff and sediment

conveyance to wetlands, Riparian 

Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the 

State. Implement sediment reduction 

techniques such as settling basins, 

brush filters, sediment fences, and 

check dams to prevent or minimize 

sediment conveyance. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

33, p. 274.

OAR 629-625 -0330 (4) 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1146 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

R 40 

Space cross drain culverts at intervals 

sufficient to prevent water volume 

concentration and accelerated ditch 

erosion. At a minimum, space cross 

drains at intervals referred to in the 

BLM Road Design Handbook 9113-1, 

Illustration 11 -"Spacing for Drainage 

Lateral.” Increase cross drain frequency 

through erodible soils, steep grades, 

and unstable areas. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

34, p. 274.

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 41 

Choose cross drain culvert diameter 

and type according to predicted ditch 

flow, debris and bedload passage 

expected from the ditch. Minimum 

diameter is 18 inches.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

35, p. 274.

Johansen et al. 1997, p. 

3.

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 42 

Locate surface water drainage measures 

( e.g., cross drain culverts, rolling dips, 

water bars) where water flow will be 

released on convex slopes or other 

stable and non-erosive areas that will 

absorb road drainage and prevent 

sediment flows from reaching wetlands, 

floodplains and waters of the State. 

Where possible locate surface water 

drainage structures above road 

segments with steeper downhill grade. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

26, p. 273.

Johansen et al. 1997, p 

3.

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 43 

Armor surface drainage structures (e.g., 

broad based dips, leadoff ditches) to 

maintain functionality in areas of 

erosive and low strength soils.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

38, p. 275.

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 44 

Discharge cross drain culverts at 

ground level on non-erodible material. 

Install downspout structures and/or 

energy dissipaters at cross drain outlets 

or drivable dips where water is 

discharged onto loose material, erodible 

soils, fills, or steep slopes.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

39, R 40, p. 275.

DEQ 2005, RC-2 

Gesford and Anderson 

2006, pp. 5-31. 

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 45 

Cut protruding "shotgun" culverts at the 

fill surface or existing ground. Install 

downspout and/or energy dissipaters to 

prevent erosion.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

41, p. 275.

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 46 

Skew cross drain culverts 45 to 60 

degrees from the ditchline as referenced 

in BLM Road Design Handbook 9113-

1 and provide pipe gradient slightly 

greater than ditch gradient to reduce 

erosion at cross drain inlet.

BLM Road Design 

Handbook H9113-1 

2009

OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 47 Provide for unobstructed flow at culvert 

inlets and within ditch lines during and OAR 629-625-0420 OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1147 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

upon completion of road construction 

prior to the wet season.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Timing of In-Water Work 

R 48 

Conduct all nonemergency in-water 

work during the ODFW instream work 

window.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

44, p.276, R 65, p. 279. 

Oregon guidelines for 

timing of in-water work 

to protect fish and 

wildlife resources. 

ODFW 2008

OAR 629-625-0430

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 49 

Remove stream crossing culverts and 

entire in-channel fill material during 

ODFW instream work period.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

93, p. 283.

Oregon guidelines for 

timing of in-water work 

to protect fish and 

wildlife resources. 

ODFW 2008 

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF,Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Low-Water Ford Stream Crossings 

R 50 

Harden low water ford approaches with 

durable materials. Provide cross 

drainage on approaches.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

67, p. 279.

EPA 2005, pp.3-50.

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 51 Restrict access to unimproved low 

water stream crossings.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

69, p. 280.

OAR 629-625-0430 (5) 

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 52 

Use permanent low water fords in 

debris-flow susceptible streams (e.g., 

concrete, well-anchored concrete mats, 

etc.).

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

70, p. 280. 

EPA 2005, pp. 3-50. 

OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing 

Structures

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Maintaining Water Quality - Noxious Weeds 

R 53 

Locate equipment-washing sites in 

areas with no potential for runoff into 

wetlands, Riparian Reserves, 

floodplains, and waters of the State. Do 

not use solvents or detergents to clean 

equipment on site. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

75, p. 280.

DEQ 2005 , NS-5 

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1148 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Water Source Development and Use

R 54 

Limit disturbance to vegetation and 

modification of streambanks when 

locating road approaches to in-stream 

water source developments. Surface 

these approaches with durable material. 

Employ erosion and runoff control 

measures.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

102, p. 285.

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 55 

Direct pass-through flow and/or 

overflow from in-channel and any 

connected off-channel water 

developments back into the stream.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

104, p. 285.

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 056 

Overflow from water harvesting ponds 

should be directed to a safe noneroding dissipation area, and not into a 

stream channel.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

105, p. 285.

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 057 

Limit the construction of temporary inchannel water drafting sites. Develop 

permanent water sources outside of 

stream channels and wetlands.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

106, p. 286.

DEQ 2005, NS-1 

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 058 

Do not place pump intakes on the 

substrate or edges of the stream 

channel. When placing intakes 

instream, place on hard surfaces (e.g., 

shovel, rocks) to minimize turbidity. 

Use a temporary liner to create intake 

site. After completion of use, remove 

liner and restore channel to natural 

condition. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

107, p. 286.

DEQ 2005, NS-1 

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 059 

Placement of road fill shall not be 

located in the proximity of a public 

water supply intake (404(f) exemption 

criteria xi), in waters of the State.

ACOE 404(f) 

exemption criteria xi 

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Erosion Control Measures 

R 060 

During roadside brushing, remove 

vegetation by cutting rather than 

uprooting.

OAR 629-625-0430 (4) 

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1149 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 061 

Limit road and landing construction, 

reconstruction, or renovation activities 

to the dry season. Keep erosion control 

measures concurrent with ground 

disturbance to allow immediate 

stormproofing.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 9, 

p. 271.

OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 062 

Apply native seed and certified weed 

free mulch to cut and fill slopes, 

ditchlines, and waste disposal sites with 

the potential for sediment delivery to 

wetlands, Riparian Reserves, 

floodplains and waters of the State. 

Apply upon completion of construction 

and as early as possible to increase 

germination and growth. Reseed if 

necessary to accomplish erosion 

control. Select seed species that are fast 

growing, have adequate provide ample 

ground cover and soil-binding 

properties. Apply mulch that will stay 

in place and at site-specific rates to 

prevent erosion. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

17, p. 272.

OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 063 

Place sediment-trapping materials or 

structures such as straw bales, jute 

netting, or sediment basins at the base 

of newly constructed fill or side slopes 

where sediment could be transported to 

waters of the State. Keep materials 

away from culvert outlets. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

14, p. 271, R 21, p. 272. 

USDA FS 2002 Chapter 

18

OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 064 

Use biotechnical stabilization and soil 

bioengineering techniques to control 

bank erosion (e.g., commercially 

produced matting and blankets, live 

plants or cuttings, dead plant material, 

rock or other inert structure).

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

54, p. 277.

USDA FS 2002, 

Chapters 18 and 20 

OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 065 

Suspend ground-disturbing activity if 

projected forecasted rain will saturate 

soils to the extent that there is potential 

for movement of sediment from the 

road to wetlands, floodplains, and 

waters of the State. Cover or 

temporarily stabilize exposed soils 

during work suspension. Upon 

completion of ground disturbing 

activities, immediately stabilize fill 

material over stream crossing 

structures. Measures could include but 

not limited to erosion control blankets 

and mats, soil binders, soil tackifiers, 

slash placement. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

57, p. 278, R 88, p. 282. 

OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 066 

Apply fertilizer in a manner to prevent 

direct fertilizer entry to wetlands, 

Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and 

waters of the State. 

OAR 629-625-0440 

Aquatic Resources 

Biological Opinion 

NMFS-ARBO 2013. 

OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1150 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Road Use and Dust Abatement 

R 067 

Apply water or approved road surface 

stabilizers/dust control additives to 

reduce surfacing material loss and 

buildup of fine sediment that can enter 

into wetlands, floodplains and waters of 

the State. Prevent entry of road surface 

stabilizers/dust control additives into 

waters of the State during application. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

76, p. 281.

DEQ 2005, EP-13 

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Road Maintenance 

R 068 

Prior to the wet season, provide 

effective road surface drainage 

maintenance. Clear ditch lines in 

sections where there is lowered capacity 

or obstructed by dry ravel, sediment 

wedges, small failures, or fluvial 

sediment deposition. Remove 

accumulated sediment and blockages at 

cross-drain inlets and outlets. Grade 

natural surface and aggregate roads 

where the surface is uneven from 

surface erosion or vehicle rutting. 

Restore crowning, outsloping or 

insloping for the road type for effective 

runoff. Remove or provide outlets 

through berms on the road shoulder. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

81, R 84, R 85, p. 281. 

OAR 629-625 0600 (2-

4)

EPA 2005, pp. 361-362. 

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 069 

Retain ground cover in ditch lines, 

except where sediment deposition or 

obstructions require maintenance. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

86, p. 282.

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 070 

Maintain water flow conveyance, 

sediment filtering and ditchline 

integrity by limiting ditchline 

disturbance and groundcover 

destruction when machine cleaning 

within 200 feet of road stream 

crossings. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

TurbidityOAR 340-041-0036 

R 071 Avoid undercutting of cut-slopes when 

cleaning ditch lines. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

78, p. 281.

EPA 2005, p. 362

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 072 

Remove and dispose of slide material 

when it is obstructing road surface and 

ditchline drainage. Place material on 

stable ground outside of wetlands, 

Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and 

waters of the State. Seed with native 

seed and weed-free mulch. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

79, p. 281.

OAR 629-625-0600 (6) 

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 073 

Do not sidecast loose ditch or surface 

material where it can enter wetlands, 

Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

80, p. 281. 

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1151 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

waters of the State. 

OAR 629-625-0600 (7) 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 074 Retain low-growing vegetation on cutand-fill slopes. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

86, p. 282.

EPA 2005, EP-6 

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 075 

Seed and mulch cleaned ditch lines and 

bare soils that drain directly to 

wetlands, floodplains, and waters of the 

State, with native species and weedfree mulch.

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Road Stormproofing 

R 076 

Inspect and maintain culvert inlets and 

outlets, drainage structures and ditches 

before and during the wet season to 

diminish the likelihood of plugged 

culverts and the possibility of 

washouts.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

81, R 82, p. 281.

OAR 629-625 -0600 (3) 

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 077 

Repair damaged culvert inlets and 

downspouts to maintain drainage 

design capacity.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

82, p. 281.

OAR 629-625 -0600 (3) 

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 078 

Blade and shape roads to conserve 

existing aggregate surface material 

retain or restore the original cross 

section, remove berms and other 

irregularities that impede effective 

runoff or cause erosion, and ensure that 

surface runoff is directed into 

vegetated, stable areas. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

84, p. 281.

OAR 629-625 -0600 (4) 

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 079 

Stormproof open resource roads 

receiving infrequent maintenance to 

reduce road erosion and reduce the risk 

of washouts by concentrated water 

flows. Stormproof temporary roads if 

retained over-winter. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

87, p. 282.

OAR 629-625-0600 (2) 

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 080 

Suspend stormproofing/ 

decommissioning operations and cover 

or otherwise temporarily stabilize all 

exposed soil if conditions develop that 

cause a potential for sediment-laden 

runoff to enter a wetland, floodplain or 

waters of the State. Resume operations 

when conditions allow turbidity 

standards to be met. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

88, p. 282.

OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Road Closure and Decommissioning 

R 081 Inspect closed roads to ensure that OAR 629-625 -0650 (2) OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1152 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

vegetation stabilization measures are 

operating as planned, drainage 

structures are operational, and noxious 

weeds are not providing erosion 

control. Conduct vegetation treatments 

and drainage structure maintenance as 

needed. 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 082 

Fully decommission temporary roads 

upon completion of use unless there is a 

foreseeable need for reuse.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

90, p. 283.

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 083 

Prevent use of vehicular traffic utilizing 

methods such as gates, guard rails, 

earth/log barricades, to reduce or 

eliminate erosion and sedimentation 

due to traffic on roads.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

91, p. 283.

OAR 629-625 -0650 (2) 

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 084 

Convert existing drainage structures 

such as ditches and cross drain culverts 

to a long-term maintenance free 

drainage configuration such as an 

outsloped road surface and waterbars. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

92, p. 283.

OAR 629-625 -0650 (3) 

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 085 

Place and remove temporary stream 

crossings during the dry season, 

without overwintering, unless designed 

to accommodate the 100-year 

theoretical flood. See also R 049. 

OAR 629-625-0430 (5) 

OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 086 

Place excavated material from removed 

stream crossings on stable ground 

outside of wetlands, Riparian Reserves, 

floodplains, and waters of the State. In 

some cases, the material could be used 

for recontouring old road cuts or be 

spread across roadbed and treated to 

prevent erosion. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

94, p. 284.

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 087 

Reestablish stream crossings to the 

natural stream gradient. Excavate 

sideslopes back to the natural bank 

profile. Reestablish natural channel 

width and floodplain.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

95, p. 284.

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 088 

On each side of a stream crossing, 

construct waterbars or cross ditches that 

will remain maintenance free.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

96, p. 284.

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1153 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

OAR 629-625 -0650 (3) Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 089 

Following culvert removal and prior to 

the wet season, apply erosion control 

and sediment trapping measures (e.g., 

seeding, mulching, straw bales, jute 

netting, and native vegetative cuttings) 

where sediment can be delivered into 

wetlands, Riparian Reserves, 

floodplains, and waters of the State. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

97, p. 284.

OAR 629-625 -0650 (3) 

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 090 

Implement tillage measures, including 

ripping or subsoiling to an effective 

depth. Treat compacted areas including 

the roadbed, landings, construction 

areas, and spoils sites.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

98, p. 285.

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 091 

After tilling the road surface, pull back 

unstable road fill and end-haul or 

contour to the natural slopes.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

99, p. 285.

OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest 

Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Wet-Season Road Use 

R 092 

On active haul roads, during the wet 

season, use durable rock surfacing and 

sufficient rock depth to resist rutting or 

development of sediment on road 

surfaces that drain directly to wetlands, 

floodplains, and waters of the State.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

71, p. 280.

OAR 629-625-0700 (2) 

OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road 

Use

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 093 

Prior to winter hauling activities, 

implement structural road treatments 

such as: increasing the frequency of 

cross drains, installing sediment 

barriers or catch basins, applying gravel 

lifts or asphalt road surfacing at stream 

crossing approaches, and armoring 

ditch lines. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

72, p. 280.

OAR 629-625-0700 (2) 

OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road 

Use

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 094 

Suspend commercial use where the road 

wear surface is deteriorating by 

vehicular rutting or standing water 

causing a mud layer, or where turbid 

runoff from the road is likely to reach 

waters of the State. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

73, p. 280.

OAR 629-625-0700 (3) 

OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road 

Use

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 095 

Remove snow on surfaced roads in a 

manner that will protect the road and 

adjacent resources. Retain a minimum 

layer (4 inches) of compacted snow on 

the road surface. Provide drainage 

through the snow bank at periodic 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

74, p. 280.

BLM snow removal 

letter. 

OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road 

Use

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1154 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

intervals to allow snowmelt to drain off 

the road surface. 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 096 

Avoid removing snow from unsurfaced 

roads where runoff drains to waters of 

the State. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 097 

Maintain road surface by applying 

appropriate gradation of aggregate and 

suitable particle hardness to protect 

road surfaces from rutting and erosion 

under active haul where runoff drains 

to wetlands, Riparian Reserves, 

floodplains, and waters of the State.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

71, p. 280.

OAR 629-625-0700 (2) 

OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road 

Use

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 098 

To reduce sediment tracking from 

natural surface roads during active 

haul, provide a gravel approach before 

entrance onto surfaced roads.

OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road 

Use

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

R 099 

Install temporary culverts and washed 

rock on top of low water ford to reduce 

vehicle contact with water during active 

haul. Remove culverts promptly after 

use.

OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road 

Use

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Timber Harvest Activities 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-2. Best management practices for timber harvest activities. 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Cable Yarding 

TH 1 

Design yarding corridors to limit 

canopy loss in Riparian Reserves and to 

maintain effective shade. Techniques 

include limiting the number of such 

corridors, using narrow widths, and 

using the most perpendicular 

orientation to the stream feasible. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

2, p. 287.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

TH 2 

Trees felled for yarding corridors in the 

Riparian Reserve within a tree height 

distance of a stream channel would be 

directed toward the stream and left on 

site. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 3 

Require full suspension over Àowing 

streams, non- Àowing streams with 

erodible bed and bank, and 

jurisdictional wetlands. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

3, p. 287.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1155 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

TH 4 

When logging downhill into Riparian 

Reserves, design the logging system to 

prevent converging yarding trails from 

intersecting the stream network. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

4, p. 287.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 5 

 Prevent streambank and hillslope 

disturbance on steep slopes (generally 

>60%) along stream channels, by 

yarding across the Riparian Reserve 

with full suspension or one-end 

suspension with seasonal restrictions, 

as needed. Yard the remaining areas 

across the Riparian Reserve using oneend suspension 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

5, p. 287.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 6 

Implement erosion control measures 

such as waterbars, slash placement, and 

seeding in cable yarding corridors 

where the potential for erosion and 

delivery to water bodies, Àand seedi 

and wetlands exists. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

6, p. 288.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Ground-Based Harvesting 

TH 7 

Exclude machinery from the Riparian 

Reserve inner zone, except for road and 

temporary skid trail crossings, 

restoration, and wild¿re operational 

reasons. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

7, p. 288.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

TH 8 

Exclude ground-based equipment on 

hydric soils, defined by the Timber 

Productivity Capability Classification 

(TPCC). 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

8, p. 288. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 9 

Limit detrimental ground disturbance 

(soil compaction, organic matter 

displacement, and alteration of soil 

structure) to 20% of the harvest unit 

area. This percentage includes 

permanent and temporary roads, 

landings, stockpiles, skid trails, and 

machinery built burn piles. 

Soil Quality Standards 

USDA FS 1998 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 10 

Limit designated skid trails for 

harvesting to 15 percent of the harvest 

unit area including legacy trails, where 

there are no other planned detrimental 

soil disturbances. 

Soil Quality Standards 

USDA FS 1998 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 11 

Limit width of skid roads to single 

width of what is operationally 

necessary for the equipment. Where 

multiple machines are used, provide a 

minimum sized pullout for passing. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

10, p. 288.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 12 

Ensure one-end suspension of logs 

when skidding. Harvesting done with a 

track or wheel driven type machine 

must have an extendable and retractable 

arch and fair lead that is an integral part 

of the machine and is capable of lifting 

the leading end clear of the ground. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

11, p. 288.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 13 

Restrict skidding and forwarding 

operations to periods of low soil 

moisture, frozen ground, or adequate 

snow cover when soils have the 

greatest strength to support equipment 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

12, p. 288.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1156 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

and increased resistance to compaction 

and displacement. The soil texture 

moisture limit, applied at the harvest 

unit level, would be 25% for clay/clay 

loam, 20% for loam/silt loam, and 15% 

for sandy/sandy loam. 

TH 14 

 Use existing compacted surfaces (e.g. 

skid trails, landings), where feasible, 

for ground-based logging equipment, 

considering proper spacing, skid trail 

direction and location relative to terrain 

and stream channel features. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

13, p. 289.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 15 

Limit conventional skidders and 

tracked equipment to slopes less than 

35 percent, except when using legacy 

trails or accessing isolated ground 

based harvest areas requiring short 

trails (up to 100 feet) over steeper 

pitches without causing undue effects 

to soils. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

14, p. 289.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)) 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 16 

Monitor use where specialized groundbased mechanized equipment (i.e. low 

psi tracked or wheeled or self-leveling 

cabs with oversized tracks or tires) 

operate on slopes greater than 35%, and 

restrict where water and sediment could 

channel in overland flow. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

15, p. 289.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 17 

Designate skid trails in locations that 

channel water from the trail surface 

away from water bodies, Àoodplains, 

and wetlands, or unstable areas 

adjacent to them. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

16, p. 289.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 18 

Directionally fall trees to lead for 

skidding and skyline yarding to 

minimize ground disturbance when 

moving logs to skid trails and skyline 

corridors. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

17, p. 289.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 19 

Apply erosion control measures 

to skid trails and other disturbed areas 

with potential for erosion and 

subsequent sediment delivery to water 

bodies, Àoodplains, or wetlands. These 

practices could include seeding, 

mulching, water barring, tillage, and 

woody debris placement. Use 

guidelines from the road 

decommissioning section. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

18, p. 289.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 20 

Construct waterbars on skid trails using 

guidelines in Table C-5, where there is 

potential for soil erosion and delivery 

to water bodies, Àoodplains, and 

wetlands. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

19, p. 289.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 21 

Subsoil skid trails, landings, or 

temporary roads where needed to 

minimize surface runoff, improve soil 

structure and water movement through 

the roadbed. See also R 90. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, R 

98, p. 285.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 22 

 Block skid trails to prevent OHV and 

other unauthorized use at the end of 

seasonal use. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

21, p. 290. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1157 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 23 

Plan one-entry operations, by 

combining ground-based timber 

harvesting with pre-commercial 

thinning, and/or biomass opportunities, 

or reducing fuel loading. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

22, p. 290.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Helicopter 

TH 24 

Consider the use of helicopter or aerial 

logging systems to prevent water 

quality impacts from road construction 

or ground-based timber yarding, where 

other BMPs would be more costly or 

have limited effectiveness. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

23, p. 290.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

Horse 

TH 25 Within Riparian Reserves, limit horse 

logging to slopes less than 20 percent. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

24, p. 290.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 26 

Construct waterbars on horse skid trails 

when there is potential for soil erosion 

and delivery to water bodies, 

Àoodplains, and wetlands.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, TH 

25, p. 290.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Silvicultural Activities 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-3. Best management practices for planting, pre-commercial thinning, and fertilization. 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Planting and Pre-Commercial Thinning 

S 1

Limit the crossing of stream channels 

with motorized support vehicles (e.g., 

ATV’s) and mechanized equipment to 

existing road crossings. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, S 1, 

p. 291.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

S 2

Scatter treatment debris on disturbed 

soils and water bar any equipment 

access trails that could erode and 

deposit sediment in water bodies, 

Àoodplains, and wetlands.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, S 4, 

p. 291.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Fertilization 

S 3

For streams and water bodies that 

support domestic use, apply fertilizer 

further than 100 feet from the edge of 

the active channel or shoreline.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, S 5, 

p. 291.

EPA 440/5-86-001,-10 mg/L nitrate nitrogen 

for domestic water supply.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

S 4

Locate storage, transfer, and loading 

sites outside Riparian Reserves and 

separated from hydrological 

connections: (e.g., road ditches that are 

linked to stream channels).

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, S 6, 

p. 291.

EPA 822-R-13-001 2013,-salmonid acute 

criterion, 17 mg total ammonia nitrogen/L at 

pH 7 and temperature of 20°C. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1158 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

S 5 When aerially applying fertilizer, avoid 

drift of fertilizer into water bodies. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, S 7, 

p. 291. 

EPA 822-R-13-001 2013,-salmonid acute 

criterion, 17 mg total ammonia nitrogen/L at 

pH 7 and temperature of 20°C. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

S 6

When aerially applying fertilizer, 

suspend fertilizer application when 

heavy precipitation is expected at the 

time of application.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, S 8, 

p. 292.

EPA 822-R-13-001 2013,-salmonid acute 

criterion, 17 mg total ammonia nitrogen/L at 

pH 7 and temperature of 20°C. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Fire and Fuels Management 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-4. Best management practices for fire and fuel management. 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Underburn, Jackpot Burn, and Broadcast Burn 

F 1

Keep broadcast burns and jackpot burns 

out of Riparian Reserves inner zone, 

unless prescribed for restoration 

purposes, e.g., sudden oak death 

sanitation, improve species 

composition, invigorate deciduous 

trees. Locate ignition lines above large 

open meadows associated with stream 

channels, unless prescribed for 

restoration. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 1, 

p. 293.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

F 2

Reduce fuel loads by whole tree 

yarding, and piling material, as 

necessary, prior to under burning in dry 

forest types where fuel loads are 

elevated. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 2, 

p. 293.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

F 3

Avoid direct ignition or ignition by a 

backing-in fire of large woody material 

that is touching the high water mark of 

a water body or that may be affected by 

high Àows.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 3, 

p. 293.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

F 4

Avoid delivery of chemical retardant 

foam or additives to water bodies, and 

wetlands. Store and dispose of ignition 

devices/ materials (e.g., Àares, plastic 

spheres, etc.) outside Riparian Reserves 

or a minimum of 100 feet from water 

bodies, Àoodplains, and wetlands. 

Maintain and refuel equipment (e.g., 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 4, 

p. 293.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1159 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

drip torches, chainsaws) a minimum of 

100 feet from water bodies, Àoodplains, 

and wetlands. Portable pumps can be 

refueled on-site within a spill 

containment system. 

F 5

Limit ¿re lines inside Riparian 

Reserves. Construct ¿re lines by hand 

on all slopes greater than 35 percent 

and inside the Riparian Reserve inner 

zone. Use erosion control techniques 

such as tilling, waterbarring, or debris 

placement on ¿re lines when there is 

potential for soil erosion and delivery 

to water bodies, Àoodplains, and 

wetlands. Space the waterbars as shown 

in Table C-5. Avoid placement of any 

¿re line where water would be directed 

into water bodies, Àoodplains, 

wetlands, headwalls, or areas of 

instability. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 5, 

p. 294.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Pile and Burn 

F 6 Avoid mechanical or hand piling in the 

Riparian Reserve inner zone. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 6, 

p. 294.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Mechanical and Manual Fuel Treatments 

F 7

Prevent mechanical fuel reduction 

equipment within the Riparian Reserve 

inner zone, unless prescribed for 

restoration.

Limit mechanical fuel reduction 

equipment to slopes less than 35 

percent. Restrict non- track mechanized 

equipment, e.g., feller bunchers, 

horizontal bar masticators, to slopes 

less than 20 percent. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 7, 

p. 294.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

F 8

Use temporary stream crossings if 

necessary to access the opposite side 

with any equipment or vehicles 

(including ATVs). Follow Temporary 

Stream Crossing practices under Roads 

section. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 8, 

p. 294.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

F 9

Place residual slash on severely burned 

areas, where there is potential for 

sediment delivery into water bodies, 

floodplains and wetlands.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 9, 

p. 294.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Wildfire Suppression 

F 10 

Limit ¿relines inside Riparian 

Reserves. Where hand constructed 

¿relines are necessary in Riparian 

Reserves, angle the approach, where 

feasible, rather than have it 

perpendicular to the Riparian Reserve. 

Limit heavy equipment to slopes less 

than 35 percent.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 5, 

p.294, F 11, p. 295.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1160 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Locate fire lines to minimize directing 

water into water bodies, wetlands, 

headwalls, or areas of instability.

Use erosion control techniques such as 

tilling, waterbarring, or debris 

placement on fire lines when there is 

potential for soil erosion and delivery 

to water bodies, Àoodplains, and 

wetlands. Space waterbars as shown in 

Table C-5. Block dozer lines and roads 

or landing intersections with an

approved barricade and/or scattered 

slash to preclude OHV use. 

F 11 

Prevent cutting of logs or woody 

material if any portion of that material 

extends into the stream channel, unless 

for restoration.

Fall snags in the Riparian Reserve 

towards the stream channel when 

felling is necessary for safety or ¿re 

suppression activities. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 

12, p. 295.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

F 12 

Avoid locating incident bases, camps, 

helibases, staging areas, constructed 

helispots, and other centers for incident 

activities in Riparian Reserves or 

within 200 feet of any waterbody, 

Àoodplain, or wetland. Water drafting 

sites for engines and tankers would be 

permitted. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 

13, p. 295.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)) 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

F 13 

Locate and maintain portable sanitation 

facilities at incident bases, camps 

(including spike/ remote camps), 

helibases, staging areas, constructed 

helispots, and other centers for incident 

activities in accordance with state and 

local regulations. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 

14, p. 295.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

F 14 

Avoid application of chemical 

retardant, foam, or other chemicals to 

waterways, maintain a 300 ft. buffer 

(FA-IM-2008-029), unless the wildfire 

is deemed a threat to human safety or 

private property.

Apply aerial retardant adjacent to 

Riparian Reserves by making parallel 

passes. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 

15, p. 295.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Rehabilitation 

F 15 

Implement emergency ¿re 

rehabilitation treatments to accomplish 

erosion control as quickly as possible 

and before the wet season.

Soil and water conservation practices 

may include, but are not restricted to: 

Native vegetation for short-term cover 

development and long-term recovery, 

unless not available in quantities 

necessary for the emergency response. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 

16, p. 296.

Interagency Burned 

Area Emergency 

Response Guidebook; 

Interpretation of 

Department of the 

Interior 620 DM 3 and 

USDA Forest Service 

Manual 2523 For the 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

TurbidityOAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1161 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Mulch with straw, wood chips, or other 

suitable material. To avoid introducing 

noxious weeds when mulching, use 

certi¿ed weed-free straw mulch or rice 

straw where available.

Straw wattles placed on the contour at 

adequate spacing between each row to 

capture eroded material without 

overflowing. Embed to the surface of 

the soil in slight trench to prevent 

undermining.

Log erosion barriers placed and 

anchored similarly to straw wattles.

Spreading available cut vegetation or 

slash on bare soils.

Placing channel sediment retention or 

stabilization structures. 

Placing trash racks for debris above 

road drainage structures.

Installing drainage structures, such as 

waterbars or drainage dips, on ¿re 

lines, ¿re roads, and other cleared areas 

according to guidelines in Table 5 

(Waterbar spacing by gradient and 

erosion class).

Repairing damaged road drainage 

facilities such as flattened or ripped 

culvert ends, burned out plastic pipes or 

cleaning ditch lines of materials that 

impede natural flow

Blocking or decommissioning roads 

and trails. 

Emergency 

Stabilization of Federal 

and Tribal Trust Lands 

Version 4.0 February 

2006

Post-Fire Road Repair 

F 16 

Implement emergency ¿re 

rehabilitation treatments to accomplish 

erosion control as quickly as possible 

and before the wet season.

Soil and water conservation practices 

may include, but are not restricted to: 

Reduce road system hydrologic 

conductivity though proper grading, 

culvert spacing, and installing drivable 

dips.

Replace culverts to increase peak Àow 

capacity of stream crossing culverts to 

accommodate the 100-year design 

Àood.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 

17, p. 297.

Interagency Burned 

Area Emergency 

Response Guidebook; 

Interpretation of 

Department of the 

Interior 620 DM 3 and 

USDA Forest Service 

Manual 2523 For the 

Emergency 

Stabilization of Federal 

and Tribal Trust Lands 

Version 4.0 February 

2006

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1162 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Prevent culvert plugging. 

Correct stream diversions. 

Fuel/Retardant Transport 

F 17 

If more than 42 gallons of fuel or 

combined quantity of petroleum 

product and chemical substances would 

be transported to a project site, the 

following precautions would be 

implemented.

1. Plan a safe route and transfer sites 

that could contain the transported 

volume.

2. Plan an active dispatch system that 

can relay the information to appropriate 

resources.

3. Ensure a spill containment kit that 

can absorb and contain 55 gallons of 

petroleum product and chemical 

substances is readily available. 

4. Provide for immediate noti¿cation

in the event of a spill. Have a radio 

equipped vehicle lead the chemical or 

fuel truck to the project site.

5. Assemble a spill noti¿cation list

that includes the district hazardous 

materials coordinator, DEQ, and spill 

clean-up contractors. 

6. Construct a water user contact list 

with address and phone numbers.

7. When operating within Source Water 

Watersheds, pre-estimate travel times 

through the watershed to predict 

downstream arrival times. 

8. Be prepared to sample water and 

carry sample containers. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, F 

18, p. 297.

[40 CFR 112]-Oil Pollution Prevention. 

Reportable quantity is forty-two U.S. Gallons 

not involving waterways, a visible sheen 

where waterways are involved.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12) and (13)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Table I-5. Water bar spacing by gradient and erosion class. 

Gradient Water Bar Spacinga

 (Feet) Per Erosion Classb

High Class Moderate Class Low Class 

2-5% 200 300 400 

6-10% 150 200 300 

11-15% 100 150 200 

16-20% 75 100 150 

21-35% 50 75 100 

36+% 50 50 50 a

 Spacing is determined by slope distance and is the maximum allowed for the grade. 

b

 The erosion classes include the following rock types: 

High: Granite, sandstone, andesite porphyry, glacial or alluvial deposits, soft matrix conglomerate, volcanic ash, and 

pyroclastics. 

Moderate: Basalt, andesite, quartzite, hard matrix conglomerate, and rhyolite. 

Low: Metasediments, metavolcanics, and hard shale. 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1163 | Page

Surface Source Water For Drinking Water 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices

Table I-6. Best management practices for surface source water for drinking water protection. 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

SW 1 

Sanitary facilities would be planned, 

located, designed, constructed,

operated, inspected, and maintained, to 

minimize water contamination.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

1, p. 299.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13) 

SW 2 

Locate contractor camps outside DEQ 

sensitive zones in drinking water source 

areas for public water systems. If this is 

not possible, require self-contained 

sanitary facilities.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

2, p. 299.

DEQ Drinking Water 

Protection Program 

http://www.deq.state.or.

us/wq/dwp/swcountym

ap.htm

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13)

SW 3 

Require self-contained sanitary 

facilities in surface source water

watersheds, when long-term camping 

(greater than 14 days) is involved with 

contract implementation. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

3, p. 299.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13) 

SW 4 

Provide self-contained sanitary 

facilities when there is high recreational 

use (almost continuous occupancy) 

inside DEQ sensitive zones within 

drinking water source areas for public 

water systems, known domestic source 

water watersheds, or Riparian Reserves 

inner zone.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

4, p. 299.

DEQ Drinking Water 

Protection Program

http://www.deq.state.or.

us/wq/dwp/swcountym

ap.htm

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13)

SW 5 

Locate pack and riding, facilities 

outside DEQ sensitive zones within 

drinking water source areas for public 

water systems, known domestic source 

water watersheds, or Riparian Reserves 

inner zone. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

5, p. 299.

DEQ Drinking Water 

Protection Program

http://www.deq.state.or.

us/wq/dwp/swcountym

ap.htm

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13)

SW 6 

Do not allow surface occupancy within 

200 feet of a known domestic water 

source or within DEQ sensitive zones 

in drinking water source areas for 

public water systems.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

6, p. 299.

DEQ Drinking Water 

Protection Program 

http://www.deq.state.or.

us/wq/dwp/swcountym

ap.htm

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13)

SW 7 

Do not apply sewage sludge as a soil 

amendment within drinking water 

source areas for public water systems, 

known domestic source water 

watersheds, or Riparian Reserves.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

7, p. 300.

DEQ Drinking Water 

Protection Program

http://www.deq.state.or.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13)
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1164 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

us/wq/dwp/swcountym

ap.htm

SW 8 

Avoid loading, or storing chemical, 

fuel, or fertilizer in DEQ sensitive 

zones within drinking water source 

areas for public water systems, known 

domestic source water watersheds, or 

Riparian Reserves inner zone.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

8, p. 300.

DEQ Drinking Water 

Protection Program

http://www.deq.state.or.

us/wq/dwp/swcountym

ap.htm

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13)

SW 9 

Conduct equipment maintenance 

outside DEQ sensitive zones within 

drinking water source areas for public 

water systems, known domestic source 

water watersheds, or Riparian Reserves 

inner zone.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

9, p. 300.

DEQ Drinking Water 

Protection Program

http://www.deq.state.or.

us/wq/dwp/swcountym

ap.htm

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13)

SW 10 Use non-oil-based dust suppressants 

within surface source water watersheds. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

10, p. 300.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13) 

SW 11 

Use ¿re retardant and surfactants as a 

last resort in ¿re suppression activities 

within surface source water watersheds. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SW 

11, p. 300.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13) 

Recreation 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table I-7. Best management practices for recreation management 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

All Recreation Facilities 

REC 1 

Implement erosion control measures at 

recreation sites to stabilize exposed 

soils where water flows or sediment, 

may reach water bodies. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 1, p. 301.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 2 

Locate new recreational facilities, 

developed and dispersed sites, outside 

of the water inÀuence area. Low impact 

uses, such as hiking trails, picnic sites, 

or water dependent facilities (e.g., boat 

ramps or docks), are excluded. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 2, p. 301.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

Developed Recreation Sites 

REC 3 

Self-contained sanitary facilities would 

be used at all developed recreational 

facilities, unless a sewage system and 

drain ¿eld is approved by the 

Department of Environmental Quality. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 3, p. 301.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

REC 4 When conducting recreation site 

maintenance, do not cut portions of 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1165 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

logs or coarse woody debris that fall 

across the active stream channel. Keep 

adequate lengths of material on the 

banks to anchor it in place. If not 

possible to make the log stable, it may 

be removed. 

REC 5, p. 301. Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Water Dependent Facilities 

REC 5 Construct boat ramps and approaches 

with hardened surfaces.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 6, p. 301.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV) Trails 

REC 6 

Use existing stream crossings to the 

extent possible when constructing trails 

through Riparian Reserves. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 7, p. 301.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 7 

When constructing or maintaining trails 

within Riparian Reserves, do not cut 

the portion of logs or coarse woody 

debris that extend into the active stream 

channel. Provide for adequate 

stabilization of the logs if not doing so 

would create a safety hazard. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 8, p. 302.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 8 

Stream crossings would be designed to 

accommodate active channel width, bed 

load, and ¿sh passage and exceeding 

capacity for the 100-year Àood event.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 10, p. 302.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 9 

Suspend construction or maintenance 

of trails, where erosion and runoff into 

water bodies would occur. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 11, p. 302.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 10 

Locate staging areas outside Riparian 

Reserves. Design or upgrade staging 

areas to prevent sediment/pollutant 

delivery to wetlands, Àoodplains, and 

water bodies, e.g., rocking or 

hardening, drainage through grading or 

shaping. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 12, p. 302.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 11 

Harden trail approaches to stream 

crossings using materials such as 

geotextile fabric and rock aggregate. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 13, p. 302. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 12 

Drain dips or drainage features would 

be installed on approaches to stream 

crossings as needed to divert runoff and 

reinforced with rock for longevity. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 14, p. 302.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 13 

When constructing bridges or 

walkways over streams or water bodies, 

avoid use of chemically treated 

materials at water level contact points, 

where leachate or solids may enter soil 

or water. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 15, p. 302.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(10)

REC 14 

Use a temporary Àow diversion bypass 

to minimize downstream turbidity, 

when constructing perennial stream 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 16, p. 302. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1166 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

crossings (See Roads Section for 

Stream Crossing BMPs.). 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 15 Prevent vehicle access to nearby 

wetlands by using suitable barriers. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 17, p. 303.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 16 

Where trails intersect road ditches, 

provide erosion resistant crossings. 

Divert water from the trail to keep from 

reaching wetlands, Àoodplains, and 

water bodies. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 18, p. 303.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 17 

If trail width is too wide for the 

designated use (such as old roads 

converted to trails), consider tilling one 

side of the trail, covering with brush, 

and seeding or planting. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 19, p. 303.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 18 

Repair rills and gullies to keep 

sediment from reaching wetlands, 

Àoodplains, and water bodies. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 20, p. 303.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 19 

Water bars, drain dips, and lead off 

ditches will be constructed or repaired 

as needed. These features may need 

rock reinforcement to promote 

longevity. Self-maintaining drain dips 

or lead-off features are the preferred 

design. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 21, p. 303.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 20 

Drain dips or lead off ditches would be 

constructed on steeper gradient trails 

and approaches to stream crossings. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 22, p. 303.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Trails (Hiking) 

REC 21 

When constructing or maintaining trails 

within Riparian Reserves, do not cut 

any portion of logs or coarse woody 

debris that extend into the active stream 

channel. Use alternative passage 

options, such as earthen ramps, small 

notch steps, or slight trail realignments, 

to facilitate maintenance of intact logs. 

Cut and stabilize if necessary for safe 

passage and safety. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 23, p. 303.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041- 

004(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Trail Closure 

REC 22 

Remove existing stream crossings or 

bridges (See Road Decommissioning. 

BMPs). 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 24, p. 303.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(8)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 23 

Position ¿ll or waste material in a 

location that would avoid direct or 

indirect sediment discharge to streams 

or wetlands. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 25, p. 304.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 24 

Restored stream banks would be 

planted with native vegetation, 

mulched, and then planted with watertolerant species where appropriate. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 26, p. 304. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1167 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

REC 25 Barricade and allow nearby vegetation 

to grow into closed trails.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 27, p. 304. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Dispersed Recreation 

REC 26 

Site camps for permitted group 

overnight camping would be greater 

than 100 feet from surface water. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

REC 28, p. 304.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(13) 

Range Management 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table I-8. Best management practices for grazing. 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

G 1

Fence water developments, including 

springs and seeps, unless other methods 

are available. Pipe overÀow away from 

the developed source area.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, G 1, 

p. 305.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-04l-0004 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

G 2

Do not locate salting areas within 1⁄4 

mile of permanent water sources or 

Riparian Reserves.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, G 2, 

p. 305.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-04l-0004 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

G 3

Locate new permanent livestock 

handling or management facilities 

(corrals, pens, or holding pastures) 

outside Riparian Reserves or 200 feet 

from water bodies and on level ground 

where drainage would not enter surface 

waters. 

Make changes as necessary to existing 

facilities within Riparian Reserves to 

meet water quality standards and 

regulations. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, G 3, 

p. 305.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-04l-0004 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

G 4

Apply speci¿c grazing strategies for 

riparian wetland areas, including 

timing, intensity, or exclusion for 

maintenance of proper functioning 

condition.

Use one or more of the following 

features:

Inclusion of the water bodies, 

Àoodplains, and wetlands within a 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, G 4, 

p. 306.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-04l-0004 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1168 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

separate pasture. 

Fence or herd livestock out of water 

bodies, Àoodplains, and wetlands for as 

long as necessary to allow vegetation to 

recover.

Control the timing and intensity of 

grazing to keep livestock off stream 

banks when they are most vulnerable to 

damage and to coincide with the 

physiological needs of target plant 

species.

Add more rest to the grazing cycle to 

increase plant vigor, allow stream

banks to revegetate, or encourage more 

desirable plant species composition. 

Limit grazing intensity to a level that 

will maintain desired species 

composition and vigor.

Permanently exclude livestock from 

those water bodies, Àoodplains, and 

wetlands areas that are at high risk and 

have poor recovery potential, and when 

there is no practical way to protect 

them while grazing adjacent uplands. 

G 5

Recover degraded water bodies through 

adjustments to forage utilization levels, 

improved livestock distribution, and 

management through fencing, 

vegetation treatments, water source 

developments, or changes in season of 

use or livestock numbers.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, G 5, 

p. 306.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-04l-0004 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Bacteria OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Minerals (Salable) 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table I-9. Best management practices for minerals (salable).

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Salable Minerals 

M 1

Locate stockpile sites on stable ground 

where the material would not move into 

water bodies, Àoodplains, and wetlands.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, M 

18, p. 309.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

M 2 

Stabilize and control erosion of 

overburden and stockpiles. Separate 

and windrow or stockpile topsoil for 

use in reclamation. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, M 

10, p. 308.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

M 3

Locate, design, and construct salable 

mineral sites to control runoff and 

prevent or minimize sediment delivery 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, M 

18, p. 309. 

OAR 629-625-0500-ODF, Rock Pits and 

Quarries
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1169 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

to streams. 

Prevent overburden, solid wastes, 

drainage water or petroleum products 

from entering wetlands, Riparian 

Reserves, flood plains and waters of the 

State. 

OAR 629-625-0500 1-5 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

M 5

Outslope quarry floors to provide for 

adequate drainage of the floor and 

away from stream channels.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

M 6 Locate, design, and maintain settling 

ponds to contain sediment discharges. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, M 1, 

p. 309.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

M 7 

When a quarry or rock pit is depleted or 

vacated, stabilize cutbanks, headwalls, 

and other surfaces to prevent surface 

erosion and landslides. Close roads, 

excavations, and crusher pads in 

accordance with Roads and Landings 

section. Remove all potential pollutants 

to prevent their entry into wetlands, 

Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and 

waters of the State. 

OAR 629-625-0500

DEQ 2005 NS - 6 

OAR 629-625-0500-ODF, Rock Pits and 

Quarries

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

M 8

Use erosion-reduction practices, such 

as seeding, mulching, silt fences, and 

woody debris placement, to limit 

erosion and transport of sediment to 

streams from quarries. Provide drainage 

from stockpiles and mineral sites, 

dispersed over stable vegetated areas 

rather than directly into stream 

channels. Grade all material sites, 

where practicable to conform with the 

surrounding topography prior to 

closure. Utilized topsoil as a medium to 

for successful revegetation. Reseed and 

plant trees, where needed.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, M 

22, p. 309. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Spill Prevention and Abatement 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table I-10. Best management practices for spill prevention and abatement. 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Operations Near Water bodies 

SP 1 

Take precautions to prevent leaks or 

spills of petroleum products, e.g., fuel, 

motor oil, and hydraulic fluid, from 

entering the waters of the State. 

[40 CFR 112]

OAR 629-620-0100(2) 

[40 CFR 112]-Oil Pollution Prevention. 

Reportable quantity is a visible sheen where 

waterways are involved.

OAR 629-620-0100-ODF, Chemical and 

Other Petroleum Product Rules

DEQ-Water Pollution: 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1170 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12) and (13) 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

SP 2 

Take immediate action to stop and 

contain leaks or spills of chemicals and 

other petroleum products. Notify the 

Oregon Emergency Response System, 

through the District Hazard Materials 

specialist, of any spill that enters the 

waters of the State. 

[40 CFR 112]

OAR 629-620-0100(3), 

(4)

[40 CFR 112]-Oil Pollution Prevention. 

Reportable quantity is a visible sheen where 

waterways are involved.

OAR 629-620-0100-ODF, Chemical and 

Other Petroleum Product Rules 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12) and (13)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1171 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

SP 3 

Inspect and clean heavy equipment as 

necessary prior to moving on to the 

project site, in order to remove oil and 

grease, noxious weeds, and excessive 

soil.

Inspect hydraulic Àuid and fuel lines on 

heavy-mechanized equipment for 

proper working condition.

Where possible, maintain and refuel 

equipment a minimum of 100 feet away 

from streams and other water bodies , 

except small equipment e.g. chainsaws 

or water pumps. Refuel small 

equipment from no more than 5-gallon 

containers. Use absorbent material or a 

containment system to prevent spills 

when re-fueling small equipment 

within the stream margins or near the 

edge of water bodies.

In the event of a spill or release, all 

reasonable and safe actions to contain 

the material will be taken. Speci¿c 

actions are dependent on the nature of 

the material spilled.

Use spill containment booms or as 

required by DEQ. Have access to 

booms and other absorbent containment 

materials.

Immediately remove waste or spilled 

hazardous materials (including but not 

limited to diesel, oil, hydraulic Àuid) 

and contaminated soils near any stream 

or other water body, and dispose of 

it/them in accordance with the 

applicable regulatory standard. Notify 

Oregon Emergency Response System 

of any spill over the material reportable 

quantities, and any spill not totally 

cleaned up after 24 hours.

Store equipment containing Reportable 

Quantities of toxic Àuids outside of 

Riparian Reserves. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SP 

1, p. 311.

[40 CFR 112]-Oil Pollution Prevention. 

Reportable quantity is forty-two U.S. Gallons 

not involving waterways, a visible sheen 

where waterways are involved.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12) and (13)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1172 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

SP 4 

If more than 42 gallons of fuel or 

combined quantity of petroleum 

product and chemical substances, as 

project materials, would be transported 

to a project site, the following 

precautions will be implemented.

1. Plan a safe route and material 

transfer sites so that all spilled material 

will be contained easily at that 

designated location.

2. Plan an active dispatch system that 

can relay the information to appropriate 

resources.

3. Ensure a spill containment kit that 

can absorb and contain 55 gallons of 

petroleum product and chemical 

substances is readily available.

4. Provide for immediate noti¿cation to

OERS in the event of a spill. Have a 

radio-equipped vehicle lead the 

chemical or fuel truck to the project 

site.

5. Assemble a spill noti¿cation list that 

includes the district hazardous 

materials coordinator, DEQ, and spill 

clean-up contractors. 

6. Construct a downstream water user 

contact list with addresses and phone 

numbers.

7. When operating within Source Water 

watersheds, pre-estimate water Àow 

travel times through the watershed to 

predict downstream arrival times.

8. Be prepared to sample water and 

carry sample containers.

Be prepared to assist OSP and ODFW 

to assess wildlife impacts of any 

material spilled. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SP 

2, p. 312.

[40 CFR 112]-Oil Pollution Prevention. 

Reportable quantity is forty-two U.S. Gallons 

not involving waterways, a visible sheen 

where waterways are involved.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12) and (13)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

Spill Abatement 

SP 5 

Spill Prevention, Control, and 

Countermeasure Plan (SPCC): All 

operators shall develop a modi¿ed 

SPCC plan prior to initiating project 

work if there is a potential risk of 

chemical or petroleum spills near water 

bodies. The SPCC plan will include the 

appropriate containers and design of the 

material transfer locations. No interim 

fuel depot or storage location other than 

a manned transport vehicle would be 

used 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SP 

3, p. 312. 

[40 CFR 112]-Oil Pollution Prevention. 

Reportable quantity is forty-two U.S. Gallons 

not involving waterways, a visible sheen 

where waterways are involved.

OAR-340-142-0030-DEQ, Oil and Hazardous 

Materials Emergency Response Requirements 

SP 6 

Spill Containment Kit (SCK): All 

operators shall have a SCK as 

described in the SPCC plan on-site 

during any operation with potential for 

run-off to adjacent water bodies. The 

SCK will be appropriate in size and 

type for the oil or hazardous material 

carried by the operator.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SP 

4, p. 313.

OAR-340-142-0030-DEQ, Oil and Hazardous 

Materials Emergency Response Requirements 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1173 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

SP 7 

Operators shall be responsible for the 

clean-up, removal, and proper disposal 

of contaminated materials from the site. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, SP 

5, p. 313.

OAR-340-102-DEQ, Standards Applicable to 

Generators of Hazardous Waste

OAR-340-122-DEQ, Hazardous Substance 

Remedial Action Rules 

Restoration 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table I-11. Best management practices for restoration activities

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

RST 1 

Con¿ne work in the stream channels to 

the low Àow period unless a waiver is 

obtained from the permitting agencies. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

1, p. 314. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

RST 2 

In stream channels that are sensitive to 

disturbance (e.g., meadow streams), do 

not drive heavy equipment in Àowing 

channels and Àoodplains.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

2, p. 314. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

RST 3 

In well-armored channels that are 

resistant to damage (e.g., bedrock, 

small boulder, or cobble dominated), 

consider conducting the majority of 

heavy-equipment work from within the 

channel, during low streamÀow, to 

minimize damage to sensitive riparian 

areas. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

3, p. 314.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

RST 4 

Design access routes for individual 

work sites to reduce exposure of bare 

soil and extensive stream bank shaping. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

4, p. 314.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

RST 5 

Limit the number and length of 

equipment access points through 

Riparian Reserves.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

5, p. 314.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

RST 6 

Limit the amount of stream bank 

excavation to the minimum necessary 

to ensure stability of enhancement 

structures. Provide isolation from 

Àowing water during excavation. Place 

excavated material above the Àood 

prone area and cover or place a berm to 

avoid its reentry into the stream during 

high Àow events.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

6, p. 314. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 

RST 7 

Inspect all mechanized equipment daily 

for leaks and clean as necessary to 

ensure that toxic materials, such as fuel 

and hydraulic Àuid, do not enter the 

stream. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

7, p. 314.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12) 

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1174 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

RST 8 

Locate equipment storage areas at least 

100-feet from any water feature, 

including machinery used in stream 

channels for more than one day.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

8, p. 315. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

RST 9 

When using heavy equipment in or 

adjacent to stream channels during 

restoration activities, develop and 

implement an approved spill

containment plan that includes having a 

spill containment kit on-site and at 

previously identi¿ed containment 

locations. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

9, p. 315.

DEQ Water Pollution:

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

RST 10 

Refuel equipment, including chainsaws 

and other hand power tools, at least 100 

feet from water bodies (or as far as 

possible from the water body where 

local site conditions do not allow a 100-

foot setback) to prevent direct delivery 

of contaminants into a water body. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

10, p. 315.

DEQ Water Pollution:

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(12)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033 

RST 11 

Use waterbars, barricades, seeding, and 

mulching to stabilize bare soil areas 

along project access routes prior to the 

wet season.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

11, p. 315. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

RST 12 

Prior to the wet season, rehabilitate and 

stabilize disturbed areas where soil will 

support seed growth by seeding and 

planting with native seed mixes or 

plants, or using erosion control matting. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

12, p. 315.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

RST 13 

When replacing culverts design 

placement location, crossing type, and 

installation depth to avoid excessive 

scour through the site, consider 

installation of grade control structures 

e.g., boulder vortex weirs or boulder 

step weirs 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

13, p. 315.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

RST 14 Rehabilitate headcuts and gullies. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

14, p. 315.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

RST 15 

Implement measures to control 

turbidity. Measures may include 

installation of turbidity control 

structures (e.g., isolation, diversion, or 

silt curtains) immediately downstream 

of in-stream restoration work areas. 

Remove these structures following 

completion of turbidity generating 

activities. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, RST 

15, p. 315.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Dry Forest Specific BMPs 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and 

regulations that are associated with the best management practices. 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1175 | Page

Soils of concern in the dry forest area include those with a high potential for severe surface erosion, soil 

creep, periodic slumping (even when not overly saturated), and low nutrient potential. These soils 

weathered from granite, schist, and pyroclastic materials. They are predominately located in the Medford 

District but also found in the southern end of the Roseburg District and the Klamath Falls Field Office. 

On the Medford District, concentrations of these vulnerable soils occur in Evans, Snow, Sugar, and 

Meadow Creeks, upper portions of Williams Creek and headwaters of Birdseye Creek. These soils are 

mapped as fragile soils within the decision area. Limiting disturbance is key to keeping these soils in 

place; particularly from ground-based operations. 

The Timber Production Capability Classification (TPCC) and Handbook (5251-1) involves mapping, with 

discrete mapping units and interpretations of timbered lands. The classification uses geology, landform, 

topographic position, climate (especially precipitation), soil properties, and vegetation. Lands with the 

capacity to erode excessively or prone to movement, e.g., creep or slump, are denoted with either a fragile 

code of FM (surface erosion potential) or FP (mass movement potential). Sites could have varying 

severity of either of these conditions. Management activities and restrictions would be scaled to reflect the 

differences in erosion or mass movement potential. 

Table I-12. Timber Production Capability Classification soil categories of concern. 

Category Description of Soil Categories 

Surface 

Erosion 

FM 

These sites have soil surface horizons that are highly erodible, easily detached and subject to 

bouncing or sliding downhill (dry ravel), even if partially vegetated. The soils overlay 

intrusive volcanic bedrock, e.g., granite, diorite, or schist. The Natural Resources 

Conservation Service (NRCS) provides a Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation soil loss 

tolerance factor, known as T factor. It ranges from a low of 1 on shallow soils, 1-10 inches 

depth, to a 5 on soils deeper than 60 inches. This factor describes the maximum rate of 

annual soil loss in tons/acre that can be lost and still permit crop productivity to sustain 

economically and indefinitely. Disturbances from harvesting or burning create increased dry 

raveling of soil, losses of soil nutrients, and burying of newly planted seedlings. 

Classification coding may be FMR for suitable lands or FMNW for non-suitable lands. 

Mass 

Movement 

FP 

These sites range from gentle to moderately steep slopes, ten to sixty percent, where the rate 

of sliding is slow enough to permit forest management, but with some loss in wood quality 

in certain areas. Sites may have an impervious clay pan overlaying pyroclastic bedrock, e.g., 

volcanic tuffs, breccia, and are subject to movement. Tree roots providing strength and 

certain landforms act as resisting forces, while gravity and soil moisture may initiate nonuniform spatial and temporal rates of movement. Slow deep seated, slump or earth flow 

types of mass movements may occur, forming an undulating topography. Classification 

coding may be FPR for suitable lands or FPNW for non-suitable lands. 

Table I-13. Additional dry forest best management practices (refer to Table X[C-12] for category type). 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Roads and Landings: General Construction, Maintenance 

Timber Harvest: Cable Yarding 

DF 01 

Use full suspension whenever possible 

on TPCC soils identi¿ed as prone to 

surface erosion, category FM in Table 

C-12. Use one-end suspension on these 

soils if full suspension is not 

practicable. Restrict yarding to the dry 

season, generally from June to end of 

September.

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

MFO 1, p. 317.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1176 | Page

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations 

Use one-end suspension on TPCC soils 

identi¿ed as prone to mass movement, 

category FP in Table C-12. Restrict 

yarding to the dry season. 

Timber Harvest: Ground-Based 

DF 02 

Limit ground-based yarding equipment 

to slopes less than 20% on TPCC soils 

identi¿ed as category FM or FP in 

Table C-12, where soils include less 

than 20% clay. Limit ground-based 

yarding equipment to slopes less than 

35%, on TPCC soils identi¿ed as 

category FM or FP in Table C-12, 

where soils include greater than 20% 

clay. 

Avoid tilling on TPCC soils identi¿ed 

as category FM or FP in Table C-12, 

unless adequate ground cover is present 

to arrest potential sediment transport. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

MFO 2, p. 317. 

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Fire and Fuels Management 

DF 03 

Avoid mechanical piling to limit severe 

surface disturbance and displacement 

on TPCC soils identi¿ed as category 

FM or FP in Table C-12. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

MFO 3, p. 318.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

DF 04 

Allow ground-based equipment on 

TPCC soils identi¿ed as category FM 

or FP in Table C-12, where slopes are 

less than 20% and clay content is less 

than 20%. Limit ground-based 

equipment to slopes less than 35%, 

where clay contents are greater than 

20%. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

MFO 4, p. 318.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Wild¿re: Suppression

DF 05 

Limit the use of track driven heavy 

machinery and other major surfacedisturbing activities to slopes of 20% or 

less on TPCC soils identi¿ed as 

category FM or FP in Table C-12. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

MFO 5, p. 318.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

Rights-of-Way 

DF 06 

Avoid facility construction on soils 

identi¿ed on TPCC soils identified as 

the FM category in Table C-12, unless 

water quality would be maintained.

Locate rights-of-ways to minimize 

surface disturbance on TPCC soils 

identi¿ed as category FM or FP in 

Table C-12. 

USDI BLM 2008, 

Appendix I-Water, 

MFO 6, p. 318.

DEQ-Water Pollution: 

Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), 

(7)

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

 
Appendix I – Best Management Practices

1177 | Page

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