APPENDIX I. Endosulfan Incident Database Review 

A review of the Ecological Incident Information System (EIIS) database for ecological 

incidents involving endosulfan was completed on March 25, 2009. This database consists of 

exposure incident reports submitted to the EPA from 1994 to present. A summary of 

ecological incidents involving endosulfan are listed in Table I-1 below. This table is divided 

into incidents involving aquatic organisms only, terrestrial organisms only, and both aquatic 

and terrestrial organisms. Within each of these sections of the table, incidents are ordered by 

date beginning with the earliest incident. 

Incidents listed in EIIS are categorized by the likelihood that a particular pesticide is 

associated with that particular incident. These classifications include highly probable, 

probable, possible, unlikely or unrelated. “Highly probable” incidents usually require carcass 

residues or clear circumstances regarding the exposure. “Probable” incidents include those 

where residue information was not available or circumstances were less clear than those for 

“highly probable.” “Possible” incidents occur when multiple chemicals may have been 

involved and the contribution of an individual chemical is not obvious. An “unlikely” incident 

classification is given when a given chemical is considered nontoxic to the type of organism 

involved or the chemical was analyzed and not detected in samples. The “unrelated” category 

is used for incidents confirmed not to involve pesticides. No unrelated incidents were listed 

for permethrin. 

The number of reports listed in the EIIS database is believed to be only a small fraction of the 

total incidents involving organismal mortality and damage caused by pesticides. Few 

resources are assigned to incident reporting. Reporting by states is only voluntary, and 

individuals discovering incidents may not be informed on the procedure of reporting these 

occurrences. Additionally, much of the database is generated from registrant-submitted 

incident reports. Registrants are legally required to provide detailed reports of only “major” 

ecological incidents involving pesticides, while “minor” incidents are reported aggregately. 

Because of these logistical difficulties, EIIS is most likely a minimal representation of all 

pesticide-related ecological incidents. 

Summary of Endosulfan Incident Review

The EIIS database contained 83 incident reports involving endosulfan. Most of the incidents 

involve aquatic ecosystems (75 or 90% of the total incidents). Seven incident reports involve 

terrestrial ecosystems and one involves a combined aquatic/terrestrial ecosystem. California 

was most represented among all 50 states (26 reports) followed by North Carolina (9), 

Louisiana and South Carolina (5 each) and Washington State (4). Additional characterization 

of these incidents is provided below. 

I-1
I-2

Incident Certainty and Legality

Of the 83 incidents reported, 23 (28%) are categorized as ‘highly probable’ and 40 (48%) are 

categorized as ‘probable.’ Collectively the ‘highly probable’ and ‘probable’ categories 

represent 76% of the reported incidents. Regarding the legal status, the ‘unknown’ and 

‘misuse accidental’ represent the largest legality categories with 36% and 35% of the incident 

reports, respectively. Approximately 25% of the reports consist of registered uses. Lastly, 

only three of the incident reports involved intentional misuse. 

Of the 15 ‘highly probable’ and ‘probable’ incident reports that involved only ‘registered 

uses,’ most described pesticide runoff following periods of heavy rainfall as the likely event 

that led to the reported incident. The majority of the ‘highly probable’ and ‘probable’ 

incidents classified as ‘accidental misuse’ involved aerial application too close to bodies of 

water as stipulated by the label, spills and equipment washing. 

Aquatic Incidents

The vast majority of the aquatic incident reports involved mortality to fish (67), a highly 

sensitive taxonomic group. Only aquatic three incidents reportedly involved aquatic 

invertebrates, but the likelihood of observing impacts to aquatic invertebrates is low compared 

to fish. Of the 67 aquatic incidents involving fish, 53 (80%) are classified as either ‘highly 

probable’ or ‘probable’ in the context of endosulfan use. A wide variety of fresh and 

estuarine species were reportedly affected (e.g., carp, catfish, largemouth bass, shad, 

menhaden, mullet, spot, bluegill sunfish, gar and trout). 

Terrestrial Incidents

Of the seven terrestrial incidents, none are classified as ‘highly probable’ and two are 

classified as ‘probable.’ The two ‘probable’ incidents involve birds (blue jay, crow, owl), 

mammals (squirrel, opossum, red fox) and an amphibian (unidentified frog). 

Plant Incidents

Only one reported incident involved plants and this was classified as ‘possible,’ but the plant 

species was not identified. 
Table I-1. Summary of Ecological Incident Reports in the Ecological Incident Information System for Endosulfan(1). 

Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Code (4) Legal. Code (5) Species Magnitude Effect (6) Summary 

AQUATIC INCIDENTS B0000-233 

Potato 7/30/1970 WA Stevens 3 MA unknown fish thousands M A large fish kill occurred near Chewel

application of a mixture of Mag-6 flow

Witnesses reported seeing the aircraft over the river. 

B0000-228-01 

Agr. Area 

8/25/1970 NC Hyde 3 MA unknown fish 5000 M This large fish kill occurred in a draina

and SR-1152, approximately 2.5 miles of aerial spraying of a mixture contain(63,000 ppm), DDT (18,000 ppm), DDto the nearby soybean fields by a commpesticides might have happened accideoperations. 

B0000-228-02 

Soybean 8/28/1970 NC Hyde 3 MA eel 

menhaden mullet perch pumpkinseedsand perch spot 

250 280 3000 517 180 143 500 

M With such large numbers of fish killed 

menhaden) it is difficult to make accurspecies although specific numbers are 

B0000-231-01 

Agr. Area 

5/1/1971 CA Yolo 4 MA unknown fish 2000 M It is suspected that thiodan was respon

An aerial application of thiodan was refield and analyses of water, fish, vegetthe water, and 0.5 ppm in the fish tissuppm, and the residue on the safflower 

B0000-232 

N/R 7/6/1971 NC Duplin 4 MA catfish 

pickerel shiner sunfish 

93 15 110 354 

M A fish kill took place in Bear Swamp C

1971. All indications are that it was cspilled from a broken bottle that had bof fish tissue were reported but concenwater were 16 and 12 ppb, respectivel

B0000-230 

Potato 7/8/1971 MN Chisago 4 RU bullhead thousands M No data were given for pesticide conc

contained as high as 266 ppb endosulffish kill. 

B0000-229 

N/R 7/23/1971 PA Columbia 2 UN trout 45 M Thiodan is suggested as the active ingr

there are no data on concentrations in 

I-3
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

B0000-227 

N/R 4/1/1972 WA Yakima 3 RU rainbow trout 50000 M A large fish kill occurred in a hatchery 

regarding the specific location or the sfish died as the result of exposure to thWide Hollow Creek. Analyses of the ppm for the liver and 0.11 ppm for the 

B0000-245-01 

N/R 5/24/1972 NY N/R 4 MA unknown fish 10000 M According to "Summary of Reported D

Episodes Involving Fish from 1967 to kill in the state of New York on May 2thiodan and captan overflowed into a sfish. 

B0000-226 

Agr. Area 

8/15/1972 WA Chelan 2 RU trout 10000 M The fish kill occurred along a 2.5 mile 

data were provided but thiodan was re

B0000-225 

Agr. Area 

5/17/1973 NC Wake 4 MA unknown fish 10000 M The fish kill was caused by the spillag

Whipper Tobacco Spray into a pond. malathion, both at 12.2% in the formu

B0000-224 

Alfalfa 7/17/1973 CA Glenn 3 MA carp 

catfish sunfish 

1000 unknown 100 

M Approximately 1000 fish were killed i

field, presumably as the result of spraycontaining dylox (trichlorfon), thi odasamples taken in the area indicated thathe affected area the only pesticide fouthe alfalfal field the following concentppb), thiodan (0.30 to 0.59 ppb), and t

B0000-223 

Potato 8/7/1973 OR Washington 2 MA bass unknown M Some of the fish in a 15-acre pond we

drift of a pesticide mix containing 6% applied 10 days earlier. 

B0000-220 

Agr. Area 

8/11/1974 CA Imperial 3 MA unknown fish thousands M An extensive fish kill (10,000 in Calif

probably as the result of a thiodan spilbeing filled while on a bridge over the leaking tank and/or a hose that caused the water. Water samples taken at two Canal contained thiodan at 0.04 and 0Yuma Department of Health's initial wand 0.0073 ppm methyl parathion. 

B0000-218-08 

Agr. Area 

9/5/1975 CA San 

Joaquin 

3 MA unknown fish thousands M This incident took place in a pond in th

Tracy. Samples of the fish were analynegative (LOD not given, but in 1975 kill was attributed to Thiodan, neverthpond had been sprayed the day before service responsible for the Thiodan ap

I-4
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

loss. 

B0000-218-16 

Lettuce 9/29/1975 CA Riverside 2 RU unknown fish 500 M The death of 500 fish took place in the 

29, 1975. It is not certain what caused nearby and an analysis of the lettuce sNo thiodan was found in the G.I. tract detection was not mentioned). 

B0000-218-11 

Tomato 6/24/1976 CA Merced 4 MA unknown fish 1500 M This event occurred in the Volta Chan

analysis of a fish liver showed the preassumed to be the cause of the kill. 

B0000-218-12 

Canal/Drain 

7/1/1976 CA Yolo 3 MI blue catfish 

bluegill carp 

200 100 400 

M This fish kill took place in a pond on t

July 1, 1976. All of the water in the prunning close to the Yolo County airpwashing equipment in the drain, resultditch water (0.12 ppb) and in the pond 

B0000-500-44 

Fish Pond 

10/2/1976 CA Merced 3 MA bluegill 

carp catfish largemouth bass shad striped bass 

thousands thousands thousands thousands thousands thousands thousands 

M A State survey covered herein submits 

1976 to 30 June, 1977: (P-121) An invtreatment plant where below its outfalDos Palos). Water samples contained 

determined that a local high school habeen washed of its residue into the cantransported pesticide. The tanker truck water from the canal to their fish pond

B0000-216-19 

Lettuce 11/18/1976 CA Riverside 2 RU unknown fish n/r M Fish were killed in Canal 18 in the Pal

Lettuce fields surround the canal and, Commissioner's office, these fields haanalyses of lettuce and the water in the show thiodan. There were no analyse

B0000-216-16 

Rice 1/28/1977 CA Imperial 4 RU carp 30 M Thirty carp were killed in Rice Drain #

One fish was analyzed and the liver anso this compound was probably the ca

B0000-501-34 

Agr. Area 

11/26/1977 CA Imperial 4 RU carp 1200 M More than 1200 non-game fish were k

County, on November 26, 1977. An aand tail water flowed into the drain. Tand 1.92 ppm in the GI tract were foundrain. The water contained 1.33 ppb T

I-5
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

B0000-501-36 

N/R 1/7/1978 CA Riverside 4 UN catfish 

largemouth bass 

hundreds hundreds 

M A fish kill occurred in the CO-3 canal 

Approximately 540 fish were killed in Parathion, and Thiodan were suspectewater and of the fish showed only Thicontained between 0.27 and 0.64 ppb, and 1100 ppb respectively, and gills oThiodan. 

B0000-500-02 

Field 10/2/1978 CA Imperial 3 RU molly 12000 M The investigation of a fish kill in PAM

Highline Canal and the Pampas Canal One, pointed to empty bags of DIAZINfound in the immediate area; two, was fluid to the ground and that it was leacHOWEVER, a pesticide application oaffected the immediate area where the the opinion of Wildlife Management, t

B0000-500-08 

Agr. Area 

10/31/1978 CA Riverside 4 UN carp 

catfish 

n/r n/r 

M In Palo Verde Valley between N. Love

canal, there was a fish kill. The local samples forwarded to the Pesticide Inv

B0000-234 

Agr. Area 

4/4/1980 SC Charleston 2 RU unknown fish n/r M This incident took place on Wadmilaw 

were "minor." 

B0000-235 

Tomato 4/12/1980 SC Charleston 2 RU crab oyster 

unknown fish 

n/r unknown thousands 

M Apparently there was a continuum of f

continuing with the one associated witdata are to be found in Incident B0000Incident B0000-235 Pesticides wer

site on April 11 according to an observreport given. When the fish kill began incident is unclear because a patrolmabadly decomposed carcasses; the presuthe April 4 (or before) time period. Okill. 

B0000-502-15 

Agr. Area

4/15/1980 SC Charleston 2 UN crab minnow 

mullet spot 

unknown unknown unknown unknown 

M A fish kill occurred on John's Island (a

1980. Fish had begun dying on April fields had been sprayed on April 3 and April 4. A water sample taken from ppb toxaphene, and a fish sample takemicrograms/kg (4.4 ppm) toxaphene. another fish kill. For example, an oysApril 15 contained 2.64 ppm toxaphen

I-6
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

B0000-502-11 

Agr. Area

5/25/1980 SC Florence 2 UN bream 

crappie 

1000 1000 

M A fish kill occurred in a private pond i

Toxaphene and p,p'-DDE were detecteand endosulfan was found in the watercause of the fish kill since it may have acting synergistically. 

I003948-013 

N/R 6/30/1988 CA Imperial 4 UN catfish 

shad 

unknown unknown 

M Approximately 100 threadfin shad and 

poisoning in Imperial County on June 

I003948-014 

N/R 9/20/1988 CA Riverside 3 UN carp 550 M In Riverside County 550 carp died of e

1988. No tissue residue or any other d

B0000-500-15 

Cucumber 5/26/1989 GA Turner 3 UN bream crappie 

trout white perch 

several 2 3 several 

M A fish kill occurred in a pond not far f

sprayed with Bravo and endosulfan. Tconditions but the aerial applicator estwitness to the aerial spraying said that scene noted that there had been no fish had been sprayed. The complainant's had been made near his field than over There were no violations charged in tharound the pond contained 21.4 ppm Bendosulfan. These samples were taken of the water samples showed <0.06 ppendosulfan. 

I000383-001 

Cotton 7/1/1989 MS Holmes 3 UN channel 

catfish gizzard shad 

unknown unknown many 

M A fish kill took place on Bee Lake, ne

County on July 2, 1989. The lake is sucotton fields. Aerial spraying of the fiJune 30th. Heavy rains occurred the aAn undetermined number of fish were detected a significant quantity of endoendosulfan I and endosulfan II. 

I000383-002 

Cotton 7/1/1989 MS Holmes 3 UN unknown fish extensive M This was the second report of a fish ki

two fish carcasses showed the presenc

I000389-001 

Agricultural Area 

7/6/1989 MS Yazoo 2 UN bowfin 

bullhead carp channel catfish grizzard shad 

1 56 104 3 1 

M Cotton and soybean crops were spraye

took place at 5 sites on Silver Creek n(without success) planters also sprayed DURSBAN AND THIODAN. Monet

I-7
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

I000799-009 

N/R 6/23/1991 NC Onslow 3 UN bass 

bream catfish crappie eel 

hundreds hundreds hundreds hundreds 

M Fish kill occurred on a one-acre pond 

stated that he incorporated MOCAP inORTHENE, two weeks ago. Howevethe tobacco farmer sprayed and the vefish abounded in the pond (e.g. 6 & 7 was given a warning and later was notNorth Carolina Dept. of Agriculture. N

I000109-024 

Field 7/31/1991 LA Richland 3 RU unknown fish unknown M A certified applicator aerially treated c

Endosulfan on 7/27/91. These pesticidconcentration and recommendation. Trainfall, which caused runoff to Joe's B

both sides of the Bayou. The LouisianForestry(LDAF) and The Louisiana Djointly investigated this incident. The were tested and detected the presence pesticides. LDAF concluded that both fish. 

I000165-005 

Nut, Pecan 

4/8/1992 GA N/R 3 MA unknown fish n/r M After Thiodan 3EC had been applied t

an adjacent pond. The presumption is kill because the pond is closer to the silabel. 

I000799-008 

Apple 4/18/1992 NC Henderson 3 MA catfish unknown fish some 600 M According to the incident report it was 

sprayer to treat his apple orchard with resulting in drift to a small (1/4 acre) pthe fish in the pond 3 days later. There the farmers reported seeing several doinvestigator there were approx. 600 smmedium-sized catfish. The orchard hamix of Maneb plus zinc which was refdithiocarbamate (EBDC). Water sampover-flow. A soil sample was collectewaterway. Both revealed the presence were within 47 feet of the pond. Legasprayed within 300 feet of a fishpond. 

I000165-060 

Tobacco 6/29/1992 TN N/R 3 MA unknown fish unknown M A tobacco farmer used endosulfan on 

from a pond. Heavy rains ensued, cauthe pond and kill the fish. This was a been called by the farmer, who wanted from the pond. The label would ban s

I-8
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

I000165-062 

Tobacco 6/30/1992 (USA) N/R 3 MA unknown fish n/r M Fish died in a pond next to a tobacco f

Leaf Tobacco Spray. The pond was cllabel, and the pond was over-sprayed rains caused erosion of the soil which 

I000799-002 

Tobacco 7/4/1992 NC Granville 4 MA unknown fish n/r M According to the report two tobacco fi

with pesticide. Heavy rains followed dresulted. Dead fish were observed floaone water and two soil samples were cThe report did not give a numerical vamention which fish species were affecapplicator failed to follow packaging gpesticide. This pesticide is registered applied within 300 feet of a body of w

I000116-001 

Potato 7/6/1992 DE New 

Castle 

3 UN unknown fish 1000 M 1. Movement of aerial pesticide applic

fishkill in a non-target area fish pond 2. Pesticide application was followed bthe investigative report either MetalaxThiodan*, and/or Kryocide, as Cryolit

I000256-020 

Agricultural Area 

8/1/1992 SC N/R 3 UN unknown fish n/r M According to this report fields were tr

Ensuing rains resulted in pesticide runa small fishkill. No residue analysis wThe SC Dept. of Health and Environmgrower. 

I000256-019 

Pumpkin 8/5/1992 IN N/R 3 UN unknown fish n/r M According to the report a pond fishkill 

allegedly had been treated with Endos

information was given relating to this Endosulfan is a hazard to fish it is probthe observed mortality among the fish

I003037-091 

N/R 6/25/1993 (USA) N/R 2 UN unknown fish unknown M There was a fish kill allegedly caused 

Phaser three weeks prior to the event. 

I010792-001 

N/R 1/1/1994 (USA) N/R 3 MA n/r unknown M To comply with 6(a)2 regulations, Ma

(MANA) reported a fish kill that resulcontaining endosulfan. This occurred the report. MANA said that the specif(the MANA product is Thionex Techn

I-9
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

I002363-001 

Citrus 5/13/1994 FL St Lucie 3 RU florida gar 

striped mullet unknown fish 

n/r thousands n/r 

M According to the report a fishkill, due 

Creek and reported as a part of a surveManagement Report on Pesticide Consamples of the extensive fishkill were exceeding state standards), concentratimethyl violated water quality state stasuffered mortality were not reported bthousands. It was reported that 1450 dgar were seen, over a 5 mile stretch, flthe incident was due to extensive citruknown to be highly resistant to depletesince fish are more resistant to pesticidthat crustacean and insect populations 

I003826-019 

Tobacco 7/14/1994 NC Davidson 3 MA n/r unknown M A fish kill occurred in a 1-acre pond in 

1994. Pesticides were suspected as thof a nearby tobacco field several days A water sample taken the next day wa$200 was levied against the owner of ttook place within 300 feet of the pondlabel. 

I001849-008 

Field 7/20/1994 LA N/R 4 MA n/r 400 M This event (Fish kill #94-55) occurred 

between two sweet potato fields. Thioand the pilot did not realize that a watesame treatment as the fields. AnalyseVeterinary Medicine indicated that enfish, frogs, and crawfish in Beacon's Greport on which this account is based. this infraction. 

I003402-001 

Tobacco 8/15/1994 VA Franklin 4 MA crappie 12 M Fish were killed in a pond that became 

a heavy rain storm. Just prior to the st(endosulfan) had been applied to a tobfrom the field carried the endosulfan i

I001280-039 

Tobacco 8/22/1994 VA N/R 3 UN unknown fish several M A tobacco field located very near an ir

endosulfan immediately prior to a very fish, species not given, suffered mortapond. The report implied that, in the pto observe label buffer requirements. 

I-10
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

I003238-001 

Cotton 8/1/1995 AL N/R 4 RU unknown fish thousands M More than 240,000 fish were killed alo

Creek that flows into the Tennessee RCorp. of Philadelphia), containing metsprayed by airplanes and tractor-type aAugust. Shortly thereafter, heavy raincreek. Reports indicate that the sprayilabel but the results show that the prov

I002591-001 

Cotton 8/6/1995 AL Limestone 4 RU bluegill catfish thousands thousands M According to Alabama Department of 

species were killed along a 16 miles stCourtland to where the water flows intDam. A pesticide application to the coheavy rain was suspected as a cause of runoff from the cotton field to the Big 

dead fish were obtained for analysis t

I010444-005 

Lettuce 12/1/1995 CA Imperial 3 MA n/r 1000 M To comply with 6(a)2 regulations, FM

Bard, CA in December 1995. It was FImperial Co. Ag Commissioner, the FBnotified EPA of the incident but that wfor spraying endosulfan into a water dof approximately 1000 fish. 

I003668-001 

Agricultural Area 

6/10/1996 LA Rapides 4 RU bass 

bowfin carp channel catfish crappie flathead catfish shad 

hundreds hundreds hundreds hundreds hundreds hundreds hundreds 

M A large fish kill occurred in Bayou Rig

June 10, 1996. The kill stretched betwEndosulfan had been applied to neighb(over 9 inches) washed much of it into sediment, and fish tissue indicated tha

I004668-003 

N/R 6/19/1996 LA Rapides 4 UN bowfin 

carp crappie shad 

some of 500 

M Fish kill #96-43 occurred in Bayou Ra

Hot Wells. Approximately 500 fish wcontain endosulfan. 

I004993-010 

N/R 6/29/1996 CA Placer 3 UN trout 200 M Two hundred rainbow trout died of en

Placer County. 

I-11
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

I003659-001 

Tomato 7/1/1996 VA Accomack 3 UN clam thousands M A farmer accustomed to raising clams

which flows nearby, has had to import away. Gargatha Creek has been badly as the result of a new procedure for grform soil beds running the length of fithose beds. The beds are covered tightomato seedlings are punched at intervapplied to the plants in, presumably, thwhen rain comes, there is a large runobecause so little soil is available to absbadly contaminated with the pesticidewaterways their loading of pesticides k

I004864-001 

Alfalfa 7/15/1996 CA Imperial 4 MI carp 

threadfin shad tilapia 

unknown unknown unknown 

M An extensive fish kill took place in Im

application of Thiodan 3 EC (a.i. endoreported 3000 fish killed, whereas the 5000+ fish killed. Analysis of fish tisspresence of endosulfan. The grower iradjacent to the Pumice drain, which flwas made in violation to the label rest72 hours of application. This caused eassessed. 

I004993-011 

N/R 7/15/1996 CA Imperial 4 UN carp 

shad tilapia 

thousands thousands thousands 

M According to the report from CA Fish 

threadfin shad died in Imperial County attributed to endosulfan. 

I004439-069 

Alfalfa 8/4/1996 CA N/R 3 RU unknown fish thousands M Approximately 3000 to 4000 fish were 

CA. This canal runs close to an alfalfa with endosulfan. The incident is unde

I007546-050 

Agricultural Area 

6/16/1997 IN N/R 3 MA n/r 

turtle 

unknown 1 

M To comply with 6(A)2 regulations, FM

that was caused by Thiodan 3 EC. Ththan allowed per label instructions, the a dead deer near the pond. 

I006173-001 

Agricultural Area 

10/2/1997 TX N/R 3 RU n/r unknown M A citizen reported that Asana@ XL(E

lb a.i/acre, along with Thiodan (Endoscowpeas for curculio. In addition a 4-to the field at rate of 20 gal./acre. Fivamount of time, thus, causing runoff to fish kill in the pond. No number of fis

I-12
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

I012265-002 

Potato 7/23/1998 (Can.) N/R 3 RU n/r unknown M A fish kill occurred in a portion of the 

Canada, on July 23, 1998. There had when the fish kill was reported, an invfish were found at a number of locatiowere collected at selected sites along tIt was determined that runoff from an one point, and samples of water were tdead fish were found only below that pwas made to determine which pesticidmade of the water samples and sedime

analyses were made of the fish, therefoof the fish. However, in certain areas and endosulfan were extremely high a

I017028-001 

Potato 8/9/2000 (Can.) 

P.E. 

N/R 2 UN stickleback 

trout 

unknown >50 

M On August 9th, 2000, the Department 

Environment (DFAE) reported a fish kIsland, Canada. An unknown number found. Approximately 50 trout were cthe livers (0.22 ppm) and gills (0.39 ppmethyl was thought to originate from one trace detection of azinphos-methyoutside the suspected field in French R

I012283-001 

Agricultural Area 

9/1/2000 TN Sequatchie 3 MA darter largemouth 

bass 

thousands thousands 

M In September, 2000, endosulfan was a

farmer into the Sequatchie River, killindarters to largemouth bass) in a 12-miillegally instructed his employees to adThe pesticide was then introduced into backwashed. The farmer was order to Tennessee Wildlife Resource Agency 

I013531-001 

Water Treatment System 

9/1/2000 TN Bledsoe 3 MI bass thousands M An article in the ESPN Outdoor Fishin

sentencing that took place in the U.S. Sept. 7, 2001. The case concerned a Pmajor fish kill in the Sequatchie River produce company to dump endosulfan contaminated when the irrigation systepesticide to be introduced into the Seqordered to pay $42,369.98 to the Tenn$1,602.44 to the Dunlap Water System system. He also had to perform 150 h

I-13
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

I014189-001 

Cotton 9/10/2002 CA Riverside 4 RU channel 

catfish striped bass threadfin shad tilapia 

at least 1 600-700 at least 4 at least 2 

M On September 12, 2002, a fish kill in t

reported. It was estimated that betweeSpecies involved were Thredfin Shad Bass. The incident appeared to be two the fish carcasses. Fish suitable for neresidue analysis. These were four shatilapias. Water samples from the lagotissue and water samples were analyzecarbamate and organo-chlorine pesticipresence of endosulfan residues in the water suggest that it was probable respreport was prepared for EPA Region Ithat RIV CAC did not fine any violatioare from the USGS National Wildlife No other details given. 

I014884-022 

N/R 10/14/2003 CA Kings 3 UN bullhead 

carp threadfin shad 

over 50 over 100 over 200 

M California Department of Fish and Ga

involving pesticides for calendar years several species of fish were affected breport did not give the number of each Their Certainty Index was given as moGame Pesticide Laboratory reported itgill tissue. Their findings gave endosuchlorpyrifos contributing to the fish ki

I018075-001 

Alfalfa 6/21/2006 CA Imperial 4 RU carp 

catfish redhorse 

most of 5,000 unkown unknown 

M Endosulfan was released into the Pum

Salton Sea NWR. The release was con

Dead fish were traced approx. two milApproximately 5,000 fish (primarily csome dead catfish and redhorse minnosamples found levels of total endosulfEndosulfan and endosulfan degredatiosamples and in a redhorse minnow. Efields in the area. Staff of the Imperiaindicated that the applications complieendosulfan label. However, a large amone of the fields, immersing much of a Pumice Drain. This likely contributed the field and entering the drain. 

I-14
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

B0000-300-42 

Potato DE New 

Castle 

2 UN unknown fish 1000 M A letter from H. Grier Stayton, Delaw

Protection, to Frank Davido (7/23/92) incidents that had been documented siof a fish kill in the city of Townsend cpotato field after a rainstorm. The pesgallons/acre and the pesticides used w3EC (endosulfan, 0.85 lb), and Kryocianalyses made of the water or of the fi

I004875-002 

N/R LA Grant 4 UN bass 

bowfin carp catfish crappie shad 

thousands thousands thousands thousands thousands thousands 

M A fish kill occurred in Bayou Rigolett

3169, all the way past the intersection samples of water sediment, and fish tideath. No violations were found and n

I005754-017 

Agricultural Area 

CA Riverside 1 MA unknown fish 13000 M A heavy rain in Riverside County, CA

pesticides from a crop dusting loading killed and legal action was taken againoccurred some time between January 

I011716-002 

Cotton AZ Maricopa 3 MA white amur 

grass carp 

dozens M A crop-dusting plane by pilot John Pe

of White Amur grass carp. The pilot wover a cotton field to kill the common Project (SRP) $4,000 to replace the fis$182 for spraying the house. 

TERRESTRIAL INCIDENTSI014404-001 

Tree Farm/Plantation 

6/1/1990 WA Thurston 2 UN unknown 

plant 

n/r P.D. The Annual Report 1991 from the Stat

Thurston County in which a complainChristmas tree plantation drifted onto specific damage caused by the incidenHealth program indicated that endosul

B0000-219 

Potato 7/22/1974 ID Canyon 2 MA bee unknown M Many bees were killed, presumably as 

thiodan on a neighboring field. No an

I-15
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

I002135-001 

Industrial Waste 

1/1/1995 (Mex.) N/R 2 UN duck 40000 M According to the report more than 400

discovered near a reservoir where migsuspected as being responsible for the reservoir receives wastes from adjacenthrough the Ministry of Water confirmpositive endosulfan residue in sedimeninvestigation is being challenged by Auniversity and the Ministry of Health dhypotheses but set forth supporting evthe ingestion of heavy metals. There hreporting memo. 

I003826-009 

Orchard 4/28/1995 NC Henderson 2 UN bee unknown M A bee keeper in Hendersonville, NC, a

determine the cause of his bees' death. interviewed farmers in the surrounding products had been used, but none admwhat the bee keeper suspected as beinPolyram and Nova (maneb, myclobuta(carbaryl) was sprayed; on April 29 Phsprayed (endosulfan, maneb, fenarimoPolyram and Nova; on April 19 Captaalong with sulfur. Dead bees were notcollected for analysis on May 1, at whwere also taken. The dead bees contaichlorpyrifos, dimethoate and metabolimetabolite (0.20 ppm). Vegetation froamounts of chlorpyrifos, captan, dimemethyl parathion. The conclusion of tnot identify the source of the methyl presponsible for the bee deaths. 

I010533-001 

Cotton 1/1/1999 (Afr.) N/R 3 RU frog 

owl termite 

1 1 

M Ceres International LLC is a member 

necessary to inform EPA of a situation multiple deaths. Human health is not so much of the material covered in the pertinent. A minor portion of the repBanikoara region witnessed the breakuaccount is as follows: "Some termites endosulfan. A frog fed on the dead terminutes later. An owl which flew oveprey, and then sat down on a tree branthe owl fell down and died 

I-16
Incident 

ID Use Site Date (1) State (2) County (3) Cert. Legal. Effect Code (4) Code Species Magnitude (6) Summary 

(5)

I012973-001 

N/R 7/7/2001 NY Monroe 1 UN cooper's 

hawk 

1 M A Cooper's hawk died on July 7, 2001

necropsied by the NY Wildlife Patholotraumatic injuries, but a presumptive dpesticides was made. A test for West hydrocarbon screen of the brain showedieldrin was present along with a potemetabolites; also, endosulfan I and II wrecovered from farm land near Fruita, died from the ingestion of Famphur. and Wildlife Service which alleges thaa magpie that, in turn, had been killed ingredient in Warbex which is commoreport from FWS indicates strongly thuse of Warbex, but the evidence is not be said, however, that the hawk died f

I012626-001 

N/R 1/14/2002 MD Montgom

-ery 

3 UN blue jay 

crow opossum red fox squirrel 

1 1 1 1 12 

M Four gray squirrels were submitted to 

of Natural Resources. These were subinvolving several species of birds and vacant lot retrieved 12 squirrels, 1 bluTwo neighborhood dogs experienced sdischarged from the local veterinary cppm of endosulfam in the pooled GI cThere was no indication of where the esource. 

AQUATIC/TERRESTRIAL INCIDENTSB0000-501-87 

Agricultural Area 

5/9/1988 CA Imperial 2 MA catfish 

egret shad 

50 12 50 

M On May 9, 1988, approximately 100 f

club in Imperial County, CA. The fish dacthal (26.3 ppm), DDE (0.11 ppm), ppm) based on whole body and fresh wno pesticides present, but no mention wevent and the sampling of the water. Ashowed dacthal to be present but at les24, several catfish were seined from thdacthal were found in their livers (1.77 of the pond seemed to be a nearby cro

(1) Source: USEPA Ecological Incident Information System. (Download date: March 25, 2009). (2) Date: = start date of incident report. (3) State: values in parenthesis represent countries of origin when states are not reported or applicable. (4) Certainty Code: 1 = unlikely; 2 = possible, 3 = probable, 4 = highly probable 

I-17
(5) Legality Code: MA = misuse accidental, MI = misuse intentional, RU = registered use, UN = unknown 

(6) Effect Code: M = mortality; P.D. = plant damage. 

I-18