# Patent

## Title
Inkjet printer and inkjet printing method

## Abstract

An inkjet printer includes an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles, a head scanning mechanism moving the ink jet head in multiple passes in a scanning direction during an ink jet printing operation, and a feeding mechanism moving a print medium in a feeding direction during the ink jet printing operation. A controller determines a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction, determines a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction, and uses the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-113544 filed on May 30, 2014, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
FIELD OF DISCLOSURE
The disclosure relates to an inkjet printer configured to perform printing by ejecting ink from nozzles and an inkjet printing method.
BACKGROUND
A known inkjet printer is configured to perform printing by ejecting ink from nozzles. The inkjet printer is configured to corrugate a recording sheet along a scanning direction with corrugated plates and corrugated spurs. The inkjet printer is configured to read deviation detecting patterns printed when a recording sheet is in a predetermined position, to obtain amounts of ink landing position deviations. In the inkjet printer, the amplitude of the corrugations of a recording sheet and an average height or level of the recording sheet vary according to the positions of a leading end and a trailing end of the recording sheet fed in a feeding direction. In the inkjet printer, the obtained amounts of the landing position deviations are corrected according to the positions of the leading end and the trailing end of the recording sheet. More specifically, when a landing position deviation amount obtained from the deviation detecting patterns is expressed as “Y”, the corrected landing position deviation amount Y′ is calculated using a formula, “Y′=a·Y+b”, where “a” and “b” are constants. Ink ejection timings from the nozzles are determined based on the corrected landing position deviation amounts.
SUMMARY
When differences in the corrugations of the recording sheet caused due to differences in the positions of the leading end and the trailing end of the recording sheet are expressed by the differences in the amplitude and the average height, the landing position deviation amounts obtained and corrected as described above may be appropriate for the corrugations of the recording sheet. However, when the differences in the corrugations of the recording sheet caused due to differences in the positions of the leading end and the trailing end of the recording sheet is not expressed by the differences in the amplitude and the average height, the landing position deviation amounts obtained and corrected as described above might not be appropriate for the corrugations of the recording sheet.
For example, pressing force of the corrugated spurs, which are disposed downstream of the inkjet head in the feeding direction, against a recording sheet might not be increased as much as pressing force of the corrugated plates against a recording sheet. In this case, for example, when the trailing end of the recording sheet moves downstream of the corrugated plates in the feeding direction, and only the corrugated spurs, among the corrugated plates and the corrugated spurs, corrugate the recording sheet, a part of ridge portions or groove portions that are to be normally formed in the corrugations of a recording sheet might not be formed. As compared with a state before the trailing end of the recording sheet moves downstream of the corrugated plates in the feeding direction, the number of the ridge portions or the groove portions may be reduced. In such case, for example, when the trailing end of the recording sheet is positioned upstream of the corrugated plates in the feeding direction, the deviation detecting patterns are printed and amounts of landing position deviations may be obtained by reading the deviation detecting patterns. Even when the obtained amounts are corrected as described above, appropriate amounts of landing position deviations after the trailing end of the recording sheet has moved to the downstream of the corrugated plates in the feeding direction might not be obtained. Consequently, ink ejection timings that were determined when the recording sheet was still engaged with the corrugated plates might no longer be appropriate when the trailing end of the recording sheet moves downstream of the corrugated plates in the feeding direction.
It may vary according to inkjet printers whether correction of the obtained landing position deviation amounts leads to the acquisition of appropriate amounts of the landing position deviations for the corrugations of the recording sheet, due to dimension errors of the corrugated plates and the corrugated spurs, and deviations in the assembly of the corrugated plates and the corrugated spurs into the inkjet printers.
The disclosure relates to an inkjet printer configured to appropriately determine ink ejection timings from nozzles when printing is performed on a recording medium corrugated along a scanning direction.
According to an aspect of the present teaching, there is provided an inkjet printer including:
an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles;
a head scanning mechanism configured to move the ink jet head in multiple passes in a scanning direction during an ink jet printing operation;
a feeding mechanism configured to move a print medium in a feeding direction during the ink jet printing operation; and
a controller configured to perform the following:

    
    
        determine a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction;
        determine a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
        use the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet.
    
    


According to an aspect of the present teaching, there is provided an inkjet printing method including:

    determining a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction;
    determining a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
    using the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an inkjet printer in an illustrative embodiment according to one or more aspects of the disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a printing unit.
FIG. 3A depicts the printing unit when viewed along an arrow IIIA in FIG. 2.
FIG. 3B depicts the printing unit when viewed along an arrow IIIB in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4A is a sectional view taken along a line IVA-IVA in FIG. 2
FIG. 4B is a sectional view taken along a line IVB-IVB in FIG. 2.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating hardware configuration of the inkjet printer.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating processes of obtaining and storing first and second fundamental correction information.
FIG. 7A depicts two patches printed on a recording sheet and reading positions in the patches.
FIG. 7B is a partially enlarged view of a patch printed on an upstream side in a feeding direction of a recording sheet.
FIG. 7C is a partially enlarged view of a patch printed on a downstream side in the feeding direction.
FIG. 8A-D diagrammatically depicts a positional change of a recording sheet in the feeding direction.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating processes of printing in the printing unit.
FIG. 10 depicts an area of a recording sheet where an image is to be printed in each pass.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating details of determining a delay time in FIG. 9.
FIG. 12A diagrammatically depicts variations of gaps along the feeding direction between an ink ejection surface and a recording sheet.
FIG. 12B depicts deviations of landing positions when a delay time is determined using upstream correction information.
FIG. 12C depicts deviations of landing positions when a delay time is determined using downstream correction information.
FIG. 12D depicts deviations of landing positions when a delay time is determined using an average correction information.
FIG. 13A depicts a deviation amount at a joint portion between an image to be printed in a first pass and an image to be printed in a second pass in the illustrative embodiment.
FIG. 13B depicts a deviation amount at the joint portion between the image to be printed in the first pass and the image to be printed in the second pass when a delay time is determined for the first pass using the average correction information.
FIG. 13C depicts a deviation amount at a joint portion between an image to be printed in a last pass and an image to be printed in a second to the last pass in the illustrative embodiment.
FIG. 13D depicts a deviation amount at the joint portion between an image to be printed in the last pass and an image to be printed in the second to the last pass when a delay time is determined for the last pass using the average correction information.
FIG. 14A depicts an example of a relationship between positions in a scanning direction and gaps between upstream nozzles and a recording sheet on a gap plane.
FIGS. 14B-E depict examples of a relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles in the scanning direction and gaps between downstream nozzles and a recording sheet on the gap plane.
FIG. 15A depicts an example of a relationship between positions of the upstream nozzles in the scanning direction and delay times for the upstream nozzles on a delay plane.
FIGS. 15B-E depict examples of a relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles in the scanning direction and delay times for the downstream nozzles on the delay plane.
FIGS. 16A-16C depicts a relationship of landing positions of ink ejected from the upstream nozzle and the downstream nozzle and when delay times for the downstream nozzles are determined in consideration of amplitudes of gaps and an average gap between the nozzles and a recording sheet and, wherein FIG. 16A depicts the landing positions when a portion of the recording sheet that opposes downstream nozzles is evenly disposed to each side in a scanning direction, 16B depicts the landing positions when a portion of the sheet that opposes the downstream nozzles is shifted to the right side, and FIG. 16C depicts the landing positions when a portion of the recording sheet that opposes the downstream nozzles is shifted to the left side.
FIG. 17A depicts an area of a recording sheet where an image is to be printed, according to a modification of the illustrative embodiment.
FIG. 17B depicts an area of a recording sheet where an image is to be printed, according to another modification of the illustrative embodiment.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Hereinafter, example features for one or more illustrative embodiments will be described.
(General Structure of Inkjet Printer)
An inkjet printer 1 according to an illustrative embodiment may be a multi-functional device configured to perform image reading, as well as printing onto a recording medium, e.g., a recording sheet P. As depicted in the example of FIG. 1, the inkjet printer 1 may include a printing unit 2 (refer to FIG. 2), a sheet feeding unit 3, a sheet discharging unit 4, a reading unit 5, an operation unit 6, and a display unit 7. A controller 50 (refer to FIG. 5) may be configured to control operations of the inkjet printer 1.
The printing unit 2 may be located in an interior of the inkjet printer 1. The printing unit 2 may be configured to perform printing on the recording sheet P. A detailed configuration of an example embodiment of the printing unit 2 will be described later. The sheet feeding unit 3 may be configured to feed the recording sheet P to be printed by the printing unit 2. The sheet discharging unit 4 may be configured to discharge the recording sheet P printed by the printing unit 2. The reading unit 5 may include a scanner. The reading unit 5 may be configured to read an image, e.g., a deviation detecting pattern (described later). The operation unit 6 may include buttons. A user may be allowed to operate the inkjet printer 1 via the buttons of the operation unit 6. The display unit 7 may include a liquid crystal display. The display unit 7 may be configured to display necessary information when the inkjet printer 1 is used.
(Printing Unit)
Next, an example of the printing unit 2 will be described. As depicted in FIGS. 2-4, the printing unit 2 may include a head scanning mechanism, e.g., a carriage 11, an inkjet head 12, a feed roller 13, a platen 14, upstream wave shape generating members, e.g., a plurality of corrugated plates 15, a plurality of corrugated ribs 16, a discharge roller 17, downstream wave shape generating members, e.g., a plurality of corrugated spurs 18 and 19, and an encoder 20. To facilitate understanding in FIG. 2, the carriage 11 is indicated by two-dot chain lines, and portions disposed below the carriage 11 are indicated by solid lines.
The carriage 11 may be configured to be driven by a carriage motor 29 (refer to FIG. 5) to reciprocate in a first direction, e.g., a scanning direction. Hereinafter, the disclosure will be described in conjunction with the right and left in the scanning direction, as depicted in, for example, FIGS. 1 and 2. The inkjet head 12 may be mounted on the carriage 11, and may be configured to eject ink from a plurality of nozzles 10 formed on an ink ejection surface 12a that is a lower surface of the inkjet head 12. A plurality of the nozzles 10 may be arranged in a second direction, e.g., a feeding direction, perpendicular to the scanning direction in a length R, to form nozzle arrays 9. In the illustrated example, four nozzle arrays 9 may be aligned along the scanning direction on the ink ejection surface 12a. The nozzles 10 constituting each of the nozzle arrays 9 may be configured to eject black, yellow, cyan, and magenta inks in this order from the right nozzle array 9 in the scanning direction. The inkjet head 12 is configured to eject ink from the nozzles 10 of the same nozzle array 9 at the same timing. The ink ejection surface 12a may be parallel to the scanning direction and the feeding direction.
The feed roller 13 may include a pair of rollers. The feed roller 13 may be configured to nip or hold therebetween the recording sheet P fed by the sheet feeding unit 3 and feed the recording sheet P in the feeding direction. In the illustrative embodiment, the downward direction in FIG. 2 may be an example of the feeding direction. The feed roller 13 may be provided with a rotary encoder 27 (refer to FIG. 5) configured to detect a rotation amount of the feed roller 13.
The platen 14 may be disposed to face the ink ejection surface 12a. The recording sheet P fed by the feed roller 13 may be fed along an upper surface 14a of the platen 14, which may be rotatably supported about a pivot shaft 14b disposed at an upstream end of the platen 14 in the feeding direction and extending in the scanning direction. The platen 14. The platen 14 may be urged by a spring (not depicted), so that the platen 14 is placed at a position indicated by the solid line in FIGS. 4A and 4B when the recording sheet P is not fed.
A plurality of the corrugated plates 15 may be disposed to face an upstream end of the upper surface 14a of the platen 14 in the feeding direction. The corrugated plates 15 may be arranged at substantially regular intervals in the scanning direction. The recording sheet P fed by the feed roller 13, passes between the platen 14 and the corrugated plates 15. The corrugated plates 15 may press the recording sheet P from above with pressing surfaces 15a, which may be lower surfaces of the corrugated plates 15. At this time, the platen 14 may be pressed down by the corrugated plates 15 and the recording sheet P. As indicated by a dot-and-dash line in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the platen 14 may pivot about the pivot shaft 14b in the clockwise direction. The thicker the recording sheet P, the more the platen 14 pivots. Thus, the upper surface 14a of the platen 14 moves further from the ink ejection surface 12a as the thickness of the recording sheet P is greater. In some embodiments, a gap between the recording sheet P placed on the upper surface 14a of the platen 14 and the ink ejection surface 12a may be made constant regardless of the thicknesses of the recording sheets P.
A plurality of the ribs 16 may be disposed on the upper surface 14a of the platen 14 between the corrugated plates 15 in the scanning direction. The ribs 16 may be arranged at substantially regular intervals along the scanning direction. Each rib 16 may protrude from the upper surface 14a of the platen 14 up to a level higher than the pressing surfaces 15a of the corrugated plates 15. Each rib 16 may extend from an upstream end of the platen 14 toward a downstream side in the feeding direction. Thus, the recording sheet P on the platen 14 may be supported from underneath by the ribs 16.
The discharge roller 17 may include a pair of rollers. The discharge roller 17 may be configured to nip or hold therebetween portions of the recording sheet P that are located in the same positions as the plurality of ribs 16 in the scanning direction and feed the recording sheet P toward the sheet discharging unit 4 in the feeding direction. An upper roller 17a of the discharge roller 17 may be provided with a spur to prevent or reduce ink attached or landed on the recording sheet P from transferring to the upper roller 17a. 
A lower roller 13b of the feed roller 13 and a lower roller 17b of the discharge roller 17 may be drive rollers driven by a feeding motor 28 (refer to FIG. 5). An upper roller 13a of the feed roller 13 and the upper roller 17a of the discharge roller 17 may be driven rollers that rotate in association with the rotation of the corresponding drive rollers. In the illustrative embodiment, a combination of the feed roller 13 and the discharge roller 17 may be an example of a feeding mechanism.
A plurality of the corrugated spurs 18 may be disposed downstream of the discharge roller 17 in the feeding direction at substantially the same positions as the corrugated plates 15 in the scanning direction. A plurality of the corrugated spurs 19 may be disposed downstream of the corrugated spurs 18 in the feeding direction at substantially the same positions as the corrugated plates 15 in the scanning direction. The corrugated spurs 18 and 19 may be positioned at a level lower, in a third direction, e.g., a vertical direction, than a position where the discharge roller 17 nips or holds the recording sheet P therebetween. The corrugated spurs 18 and 19 may be configured to press the recording sheet P from above at the level. Lower ends of the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 disposed downstream of the inkjet head 12 in the feeding direction may be disposed slightly higher than the pressing surfaces 15a of the corrugated plates 15 disposed upstream of the inkjet head 12 in the feeding direction. Pressing force of the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 against the recording sheet P may be lower than that of the corrugated plates 15. Each of the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 may be a spur, as opposed to a roller having a flat outer circumferential surface. Therefore, the ink attached onto the recording sheet P may be prevented or reduced from transferring to the corrugated spurs 18 and 19.
The recording sheet P supported on the platen 14 by a plurality of the ribs 16 from below may be pressed from above by a plurality of the corrugated plates 15 and a plurality of the corrugated spurs 18 and 19. Therefore, the recording sheet P may be deformed in a wave or corrugated shape, as depicted in FIGS. 3A and 3B, to have ridge portions Pm protruding upward and groove portions Pv depressed downward. The ridge portions Pm and the groove portions Pv may be alternately arranged along the scanning direction. Each ridge portion Pm may have a top portion Pt protruding up to the highest level of the ridge portion Pm. The top portion Pt may be located substantially at the same position as the center of the corresponding rib 16 in the scanning direction. Each groove portions Pv may have a bottom portion Pb depressed down to the lowest level of the groove portions Pv. The bottom portion Pb may be located substantially at the same position as the corresponding corrugated plate 15 and the corresponding corrugated spurs 18 and 19.
The encoder 20 may be mounted on the carriage 11 and configured to detect the position of the carriage 11 in the scanning direction.
The printing unit 2 structured as described above may be configured to perform printing by ejecting ink on the recording sheet P while alternately repeating ink ejection in a pass (e.g., a traverse to move the inkjet head 12 together with the carriage 11 in the scanning direction), and feeding of the recording medium P with the rollers 13 and 17 by a predetermined distance, e.g., the length R of the nozzle array 9, in the feeding direction.
(Controller)
Next, the controller 50 configured to control the operations of the inkjet printer 1 will be described. As depicted in FIG. 5, the controller 50 may include a central processing unit (CPU) 51, a read only memory (ROM) 52, a random access memory (RAM) 53, a storage device, e.g., an electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) 54, and an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) 55. These components 51-55 may be configured to control operations of, for example, the reading unit 5, the carriage motor 29, the inkjet head 12, the feeding motor 28, and the display unit 7, in response to, for example, operations of the operation unit 6. Signals associated with operations of the operation unit 6 and detection signals of the encoder 20 and the rotary encoder 27 may be input to the controller 50.
FIG. 5 depicts a single CPU 51. The controller 50 may include a single CPU 51 and the single CPU 51 may perform all processes. Alternatively, the controller 50 may include a plurality of the CPUs 51 and the CPUs 51 may perform all of the processes in cooperation with each other. FIG. 5 depicts a single ASIC 55. The controller 50 may include a single ASIC 55 and the single ASIC 55 may perform all processes. Alternatively, the controller 50 may include a plurality of the ASICs 55 and the ASICs 55 may perform processes in cooperation with each other. Further, a combination of the CPU 51 and the ASIC 55 may be used to perform the processes.
(Printing by Printing Unit)
Next, a method for printing in the printing unit 2 under the control of the controller 50 will be described. In the illustrative embodiment, for example, after the inkjet printer 1 is just manufactured, first fundamental correction information and second fundamental correction information to determine a correction value, e.g., a delay time, for an ejection timing of ink from the nozzles 10 may be obtained and stored in the EEPROM 54. The first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information will be described later in detail.
The delay time will be described. In the inkjet printer 1, information on the ejection timing of ink in each pass from the nozzles 10 onto a recording sheet P which is not corrugated or wave-shaped, e.g., gap is constant between the ink ejection surface 12a and the recording sheet P, may be prestored in the EEPROM 54 as information of reference timing. The delay time represents how much time the ejection timing of ink from the nozzles 10 is delayed from the reference timing.
Next, an example a method for obtaining the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information will be described. First, as depicted in FIG. 7A, two patches T1 and T2 including deviation detecting patterns Q may be printed on the recording sheet P, to obtain the first correction information and second correction information (step S101). Hereinafter, for example, “step S101” is simply referred to as “S101” and the word “step” is omitted.
To print the patch T1, first, a plurality of straight lines L1, which extend in parallel with the feeding direction and are arranged along the scanning direction, may be printed by ejecting ink from the number “n” of upstream-side nozzles 10 (hereinafter, referred to as the upstream nozzles 10a) among a plurality of the nozzles 10 constituting the nozzle array 9, while the carriage 11 is moved rightward in the scanning direction. The number “n” may be smaller than the half number of the nozzles 10 constituting one nozzle array 9. Then, a plurality of the straight lines L2, which are tilted with respect to the feeding direction and intersect the plurality of the respective straight lines L1, may be printed by ejecting ink from the upstream nozzles 10a while the carriage 11 is moved leftward in the scanning direction. Thus, the patch T1 may be printed that includes a plurality of the deviation detecting patterns Q arranged along the scanning direction. Each deviation detecting pattern Q may include a combination of the mutually intersecting straight lines L1 and L2, as depicted in FIG. 7B.
To print the patch T2, first, a plurality of straight lines L1 similar to those described above may be printed by ejecting ink from the number “n” of downstream-side nozzles 10 (hereinafter, referred to as the downstream nozzles 10b) among a plurality of the nozzles 10 constituting the nozzle array 9, while the carriage 11 is moved rightward in the scanning direction. Then, a plurality of the straight lines L2 similar to those described above may be printed by ejecting ink from the downstream nozzles 10b while the carriage 11 is moved leftward in the scanning direction. Thus, the patch T2 may be printed that includes the plurality of the deviation detecting patterns Q arranged along the scanning direction, as depicted in FIG. 7C.
In the printing unit 2, the recording sheet P to be fed by the feed roller 13 and the discharge roller 17 may be pressed by the feed roller 13 and the corrugated plates 15, as depicted in FIG. 8A, until a downstream end of the recording sheet P in the feeding direction (hereinafter, referred to as the leading end Pf) reaches the discharge roller 17 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 after the leading end Pf has reached the corrugated plates 15. Thereafter, the recording sheet P may be pressed by the feed roller 13, the corrugated plates 15, the discharge roller 17 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19, as depicted in FIG. 8B, until an upstream end of the recording sheet P in the feeding direction (hereinafter, referred to as the trailing end Pr) passes the feed roller 13. Thereafter, the recording sheet P is pressed by the corrugated plates 15, the discharge roller 17 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19, as depicted in FIG. 8C, until the trailing end Pr of the recording sheet P passes the corrugated plates 15. The trailing end Pr of the recording sheet P may be pressed by the discharge roller 17 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19, as depicted in FIG. 8D, after the trailing end Pr of the recording sheet P passes the corrugated plates 15. In the illustrative embodiment, the patches T1 and T2 may be printed in a state, for example, as depicted in FIG. 8B.
When the patches T1 and T2 are printed, ink may be ejected from the nozzles 10, for example, at the reference timing. If a delay time is determined in a procedure as described below before the patches T1 and T2 are printed, ink may be ejected at a timing which is delayed from the reference timing by the determined delay time.
Then, the reading unit 5 may read the deviation detecting patterns Q of the printed patches T1 and T2 to obtain information on amounts of landing position deviations with respect to the upstream nozzles 10a in each top portion Pt and each bottom portion Pb, from the reading results (S102).
More specifically, when the deviation detecting patterns Q are printed, for example, as depicted in FIGS. 7B and 7C, with landing position deviations in the rightward movement and leftward movement of the carriage 11 in the scanning direction, the printed straight line L1 and the straight line L2 may be oppositely deviated from each other in the scanning direction. Therefore, the straight lines L1 and L2 form an intersection in a position deviated from the center of the straight lines L1 and L2 in the feeding direction, depending on the amount of the landing position deviation in the scanning direction. When the reading unit 5 reads the deviation detecting patterns Q, the brightness detected at the intersection of the straight lines L1 and L2 may be higher than the brightness at other portions. Therefore, the position where the straight lines L1 and L2 intersect may be detected by reading the deviation detecting patterns Q, and obtaining the position with the highest brightness.
In the illustrative embodiment, sections Ta and Tb of the deviation detecting patterns Q that respectively correspond to the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb, may be read in a plurality of the deviation detecting patterns Q of the patches T1 and T2. The amount of the landing position deviation at each top portion Pt and bottom portion Pb may be obtained by obtaining the position with the highest brightness in the read deviation detecting patterns Q. In S102, the sections Ta and Tb of the deviation detecting patterns Q are read. Therefore, such deviation detecting patterns Q that forms at least the sections Ta and Tb may be printed in S101 among a plurality of the deviation detecting patterns Q.
The amounts of the landing position deviations at the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb may be obtained in S102. In the illustrative embodiment, the recording sheet P may be corrugated along the scanning direction, as described above. Therefore, the amounts of the landing position deviations at other portions may be estimated from the amounts of the landing position deviations at the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb. The amount of the landing position deviation may be determined by a gap between the nozzle 10 and the recording sheet P. Thus, obtaining the amounts of the landing position deviations in each of the top portions Pt and bottom portions Pb in the patches T1 and T2 in S102, may be substantially the same as obtaining information on variation of the gaps between the upstream nozzles 10a/the downstream nozzles 10b and the recording sheet P along the scanning direction.
In S102, for example, a scanner, separately from the inkjet printer 1, may read the deviation detecting patterns Q instead of the reading unit 5, and the reading result may be input to the inkjet printer 1.
Next, upstream correction information, e.g., information on delay times for the upstream nozzle 10a in each of the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb, may be obtained from the information obtained in S102 on the amount of the landing position deviation in each top portion Pt and bottom portion Pb in the patch T1 (S103). Downstream correction information, e.g., information on delay times for the downstream nozzle 10b in each of the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb, may be obtained from the information on the amount of the landing position deviation in each top portion Pt and bottom portion Pb in the patch T2. (S104). The relationship between the amounts of the landing position deviations (e.g., gaps) and the delay times will be described later.
In S103 and S104, the delay times in the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb may be obtained. In the illustrative embodiment, the recording sheet P may be corrugated along the scanning direction, as described above. Therefore, the amounts of the landing position deviations in other portions may be estimated for the delay times in the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb. Accordingly, the upstream correction information, e.g., information on the delay times in each of the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb, obtained in S103, may be substantially the same as information about the relationship between positions of the upstream nozzles 10a in the scanning direction and delay times for the upstream nozzles 10a. Similarly, the downstream correction information, e.g., information on the delay times in each of the top portion Pt and the bottom portion Pb, obtained in S104, may be substantially the same as information about the relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction and delay times for the downstream nozzles 10b. 
Next, an average value of the delay times obtained in S103 and in S104 in each top portion Pt may be calculated as the average delay time in each top portion Pt. An average value of the delay times obtained in S103 and in S104 in each of the bottom portions Pb is calculate as the average delay time in each bottom portion Pb. The information on the obtained average delay times in the top portion Pt and the bottom portion Pb (hereinafter, referred to as the average correction information) may be stored in the EEPROM 54 as the first fundamental correction information (S105). The upstream correction information obtained in S103 may be stored in the EEPROM 54 as second fundamental correction information (S106).
In S105, the average delay times in the top portion Pt and the bottom portion Pb may be stored. In the illustrative embodiment, the recording sheet P may be corrugated along the scanning direction, as described above. Therefore, the average delay times in other portions between the top portion Pt and the bottom portion Pb may be estimated from the average delay times in the top portion Pt and the bottom portion Pb. Accordingly, the first fundamental correction information stored in the EEPROM 54 in S105 may be substantially the same as the information on the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and average delay times. The second fundamental correction information stored in the EEPROM 54 in S106 may be the same as the upstream correction information obtained in S103. Therefore, the second fundamental correction information may be substantially the same as the information on the relationship between positions of the upstream nozzles 10a in the scanning direction and delay times for the upstream nozzles 10a, as described above.
Next, a method for printing in the printing unit 2 will be described. In the printing unit 2, printing may be performed by repeating scanning operations, e.g., passes and feeding operations, as described above. More specifically, as depicted in FIG. 9, first, delay times in a pass to be executed may be determined (S201). A method for determining the delay times will be described later. Then, the pass may be executed (S202). Sequentially, a feeding operation may be executed (S203). In the pass executed in S202, ink may be ejected from the nozzles 10 at timings delayed from the reference timing by the delay times determined in S201. In the feeding operation in S203, the recording sheet P may be fed by the length R, which may be the same length as that of the nozzle array 9 in the feeding direction. At this time, the detection result of the rotary encoder 27 may be referred to, to rotate the rollers 13 and 17 by an amount necessary to feed the recording sheet P by the length R. The operations in S201-S203 may be repeated until the printing is finished (S204:NO). When the printing is finished (S204:YES), the printing processes end. For example, when the number “N” of passes is executed to perform printing on a single recording sheet P, the recording sheet P is equally divided into “N” parts in the feeding direction to form an area Jm (m=1, 2, . . ., and N), as depicted in FIG. 10. An image may be printed in each pass sequentially from a downstream area Jm in the feeding direction (in the order of J1, J2, . . ., and JN). The area Jm represents an area where an image is to be printed by the m-th pass. The printing unit 2 of the inkjet printer 1 may be configured to selectively print in a printing mode, e.g., a photograph printing mode and a draft printing mode, among a plurality of the printing modes. When printing is performed in a printing mode, an image is printed by the number “N” of passes and the recording sheet P is fed by the length R in one feeding operation, as described above.
(Method for Determining Delay Times in Each Pass)
Next, a method for determining the delay times in S201 will be described in detail. In S201, as depicted in FIG. 11, when a pass to be executed among a plurality of passes for printing on one recording sheet P is the first pass (S301:YES), the delay times in the first pass may be determined (S303, a first determination process) based on the position of the carriage 11 in the scanning direction obtained from the detection result of the encoder 20, and the second fundamental correction information (e.g., the upstream correction information) stored in the EEPROM 54.
When a pass to be executed among a plurality of passes for printing on one recording sheet P is the last pass (S301:NO, S302:YES), the delay times for each of ejection timings in the last pass may be determined (S304, a second determination process) based on the position of the carriage 11 in the scanning direction obtained from the detection result of the encoder 20, and the downstream correction information. At this time, the downstream correction information may be obtained from the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information stored in the EEPROM 54.
When a pass to be executed among a plurality of passes for printing on one recording sheet P is neither the first pass nor the last pass (S301:NO, S302:NO), the delay times in the pass may be determined (S305, “a third determination process”) based on the position of the carriage 11 in the scanning direction obtained from the detection result of the encoder 20, and the first fundamental correction information (e.g., the average correction information) stored in the EEPROM 54.
In other words, in the illustrative embodiment, the delay times in each pass may be determined using at least one of the fundamental correction information among the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information as in S303-S305. The delay times in a plurality of the passes for printing on one recording sheet P may be determined by determining what fundamental correction information, e.g., the first fundamental correction information and/or the second fundamental correction information, is to be used, depending on passes, e.g., the first pass, the last pass, or a pass other than the first and last pass, as in S301-S305.
(Deviations of Ink Landing Positions in Each Pass)
As described above, the corrugated plates 15 may be configured to press the recording sheet P with a greater pressing force than the corrugated spurs 18 and 19. As depicted in FIG. 12A, a gap between the ink ejection surface 12a and the recording sheet P becomes smaller at a more downstream side in the feeding direction. To facilitate the visual understanding in FIG. 12A, changes in the levels of the recording sheet P along the feeding direction are depicted in an enlarged view, as compared with FIGS. 4A and 4B.
In S303, such a delay time may be determined that does not cause the deviation of the ink landing position (e.g., the amount of the landing position deviation is none or zero (0)) when a gap between the upstream nozzle 10a disposed at a position in the scanning direction and the recording sheet P is a gap E1 (more precisely, the average value of gaps between the number “n” of the upstream nozzles 10a and the recording sheet P). The gap E1 changes as the position of the upstream nozzle 10a changes in the scanning direction. In S303, a plurality of delay times may be determined in association with the positions of the upstream nozzle 10a in the scanning direction. Therefore, in the pass in which ink is ejected from the nozzles 10 at the timings delayed from the reference timing by the delay times determined in S303, the landing position of ink ejected from the upstream nozzle 10a, as depicted in FIG. 12B (e.g., a position T1 in FIG. 12B), is brought closest to the landing position having no deviations (e.g., a position indicated by a straight line U in FIG. 12B, hereinafter, referred to as the ideal landing position). The landing positions of ink ejected from the nozzles 10 that are positioned more distant from the upstream nozzles 10a in the feeding direction are more deviated with respect to the ideal landing position. The deviation amount of the landing position of ink ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b (e.g., a position T2 in FIG. 12B) becomes the greatest with respect to the ideal landing position. Therefore, an ink landing position of an image printed in a pass with the delay times determined based on the upstream correction information is brought closest to the ideal landing position at upstream end in the feeding direction and is most separated from the ideal landing position at the downstream end in the feeding direction.
In FIGS. 12B-12D, the ink landing positions are indicated in a solid line when the carriage 11 is moved rightward in a pass. The ink landing positions are indicated in a dot-and-dash line when the carriage 11 is moved leftward in a pass. The ink landing positions when the carriage 11 is moved rightward and leftward in a pass are symmetrical with each other with respect to the straight line U.
In S304, such a delay time is determined that does not cause the deviation of the ink landing position when a gap between the downstream nozzle 10b disposed at a position in the scanning direction and the recording sheet P is a gap E2 (more precisely, the average value of a gap between the number “n” of the downstream nozzles 10b and the recording sheet P). The gap E2 changes as the position of the downstream nozzle 10b changes in the scanning direction. In S304, a plurality of delay times may be determined in association with the positions of the downstream nozzle 10b in the scanning direction. Therefore, in a pass in which ink is ejected from the nozzles 10 at the timings delayed from the reference timing by the delay times determined in S304, the landing position of ink ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b, as depicted in FIG. 12C (e.g., a position T3 in FIG. 12C), is brought closest to the ideal landing position. The landing positions of ink ejected from the nozzles 10 that are positioned on the more upstream side in the feeding direction are more deviated with respect to the ideal landing position. The deviation amount of the landing position of ink ejected from the upstream nozzle 10a (e.g., a position T4 in FIG. 12C) becomes the greatest with respect to the ideal landing position. Therefore, an ink landing position of an image printed in a pass with the delay times determined based on the downstream correction information is brought closest to the ideal landing position at downstream end in the feeding direction and is most separated from the ideal landing position at the upstream end in the feeding direction.
In S305, such a delay time is determined that does not cause the deviation of the ink landing position when a gap between the nozzle 10 disposed at a position in the scanning direction and the recording sheet P is a gap E3 which is the average of the gaps E1 and E2. The gap E3 changes as the position of the nozzle 10 changes in the scanning direction. In S305, a plurality of delay times is determined in association with the positions of the nozzle 10 in the scanning direction. Therefore, in a pass in which ink is ejected from the nozzles 10 at the timings delayed from the reference timing by the delay time determined in S305, the landing positions of ink ejected from the nozzles 10 having a greater difference from the gap E3 with respect to a gap with the recording sheet P, are more deviated with respect to the ideal landing position, as depicted in FIG. 12D. Thus, the landing position of ink ejected from the nozzles 10 having the same gap with the recording sheet P as the gap E3 (e.g., a position T5 in FIG. 12D) is brought closest to the ideal landing position. The landing of ink ejected from the upstream nozzles 10a (e.g., a position T6 in FIG. 12D) is most separated from the ideal landing position to one side in the scanning direction (e.g., the left side in FIG. 12D). The landing position of ink ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b (e.g., a position T7 in FIG. 12D) is most separated from the ideal landing position to the other side in the scanning direction (e.g., the right side in FIG. 12D).
In this case, a deviation amount Z3 of the landing position of ink ejected from the upstream nozzle 10a with respect to the ideal landing position and a deviation amount Z4 of the landing position of ink ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b with respect to the ideal landing position are approximately the same (or equal). The deviation amounts Z3 and Z4 may be smaller than a deviation amounts Z1 of the landing position of ink ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b in FIG. 12B with respect to the ideal landing position and a deviation amounts Z2 of the landing position of ink ejected from the upstream nozzle 10a in FIG. 12C with respect to the ideal landing position. Therefore, the ink landing position of an image printed in a pass with the delay times determined based on the average correction information is separated equally at an upstream end and downstream end in the feeding direction with respect to the ideal landing position. In this case, the deviation amount of the ink landing position at each upstream end and downstream end in the feeding direction may be minimized with respect to the ideal landing position.
As depicted in FIG. 10, with respect to the area J1 where an image may be printed on the recording sheet P in the first pass, an image may be printed at the area J2 (where an image may be printed in the second pass) adjacent to the area J1 on the upstream side in the feeding direction. No image is to be printed at an area adjacent to the area J1 on the downstream side in the feeding direction. Therefore, it is preferable that an ink landing position of an image to be printed in the first pass be brought closer to the ideal landing position at a joint portion with an adjacent image on the upstream side in the feeding direction (e.g., the upstream end). In the illustrative embodiment, the delay times may be determined for the first pass using the upstream correction information as in S303. Thus, the deviation amount of the ink landing position of the image to be printed in the first pass may be reduced with respect to the ideal landing position at the joint portion with an image to be adjacently printed in the area J2 on the upstream side in the feeding direction. In this case, the deviation amount of the ink landing position at the downstream end of an image to be printed in the first pass in the feeding direction becomes greater with respect to the ideal landing position. However, no image is to be printed at an area downstream of the area J1 in the feeding direction, where an image is to be printed on the recording sheet P in the first pass. Therefore, such deviation of the landing position may provide reduced influence to the quality of a whole image to be printed.
As depicted in FIG. 10, with respect to an area JN where an image may be printed on the recording sheet P in the last pass, an image may be printed at the area JN-1 (where an image may be printed in the second to the last ([N−1]-th) pass) adjacent to the area JN on the downstream side in the feeding direction. No image is to be printed at an area adjacent to the area JN on the upstream side in the feeding direction. Therefore, it is preferable that an ink landing position of an image to be printed in the last pass be brought closer to the ideal landing position at a joint portion with an adjacent image on the downstream side in the feeding direction (e.g., the downstream end). In the illustrative embodiment, the delay times are determined for the last pass using the downstream correction information as in S304. Thus, the deviation amount of the ink landing position of the image to be printed in the last pass may be reduced with respect to the ideal landing position at the joint portion with an image to be adjacently printed in the area JN-1 on the downstream side in the feeding direction. In this case, the deviation amount of the ink landing position at the upstream end of an image to be printed in the last pass in the feeding direction becomes greater with respect to the ideal landing position. However, no image is to be printed at an area upstream of the area JN in the feeding direction, where an image may be printed on the recording sheet P in the last pass. Therefore, such deviation may provide reduced influence to the quality of a whole image to be printed.
As depicted in FIG. 10, with respect to an area Jm (where m=2, 3, . . ., and [N−2]) where an image may be printed on the recording sheet P in a pass other than the first and the last passes (e.g., an area J2 to JN-2 where an image may be printed in the second to the [N−2]-th pass), an image may be printed adjacently at areas Jm+1 and Jm−1 on the upstream and downstream sides in the feeding direction, respectively. Therefore, it is preferable that ink landing positions of an image to be printed in a pass other than the first and last passes be brought closer to the ideal landing positions as much as possible at joint portions with adjacent images on the downstream and upstream sides in the feeding direction. In the illustrative embodiment, the delay times are determined for passes other than the first and the last passes using the average correction information as in S305. Thus, the deviation amounts of the ink landing positions of the image to be printed in the pass may be equalized and be reduced as much as possible with respect to the ideal landing positions at the joint portions with the images to be adjacently printed in the areas Jm+1 and Jm−1 on the upstream and downstream sides in the feeding direction, respectively. Thus, degradation in the quality of an image to be printed may be minimized.
As printing is performed using the delay times determined as described above, the deviation amount at the joint portion between an image to be printed in the area J1 and an image to be printed in the area J2 may become Z4, as depicted in FIG. 13A, if the delay times are determined using the upstream correction information and the deviation amount of the landing position of ink ejected from the upstream nozzle 10a may be zero (0). If the delay times for the first pass are determined using the average correction information and printing is performed, the deviation amount at the joint portion between an image to be printed in the area J1 and an image to be printed in the area J2 may be Z3 +Z4, as depicted in FIG. 13B. Accordingly, as the delay times for the first pass are determined using the upstream correction information, the deviation amount at the joint portion between an image to be printed in the area J1 and an image to be printed in the area J2 may be more reduced as compared with a case in which the delay times are determined for the first pass using the average correction information.
As printing is performed using the delay times determined as described above, the deviation amount at the joint portion of an image to be printed in the area JN-1 and an image to be printed in the area JN becomes Z3, as depicted in FIG. 13C, if the delay times are determined using the downstream correction information and the deviation amount of the landing position of ink ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b is zero (0). If the delay times for the last pass are determined using the average correction information and printing is performed, the deviation amount at the joint portion between an image to be printed in the area JN−1 and an image to be printed in the area JN may be Z3+Z4, as depicted in FIG. 13D. Accordingly, as the delay times for the last pass are determined using the downstream correction information, the deviation amount at the joint portion between an image to be printed in the area JN−1 and an image to be printed in the area JN may be more reduced as compared with a case in which the delay times are determined for the last pass using the average correction information.
Accordingly, the quality of a whole image to be printed may improve.
(Relationship Between Gaps and Delay Times)
Next, the relationship between gaps and delay times will be described. On a plane whose horizontal axis represents positions of the nozzles 10 (e.g., the upstream nozzles 10a, or the downstream nozzles 10b) in the scanning direction and whose vertical axis represents gaps (hereinafter, referred to as the gap plane), a wave shape V1 representing the relationship between positions of the upstream nozzles 10a in the scanning direction and gaps between the upstream nozzles 10a and the recording sheet P may be drawn. The wave shape V1 has, for example, amplitude A1 and an average gap B1, as depicted in FIG. 14A. Therefore, when printing is performed by ejecting ink from the nozzles 10 at the reference timing, variances in the distance between the ink landing positions in the scanning direction are caused, resulting in the degradation in the image quality.
For such case, on a plane whose horizontal axis represents positions of the nozzles 10 (e.g., the upstream nozzles 10a, or the downstream nozzles 10b) in the scanning direction and whose vertical axis represents delay times (hereinafter, referred to as the delay plane), a wave shape W1 representing the relationship between positions of the upstream nozzles 10a in the scanning direction and delay times for the upstream nozzles 10a may be drawn. The wave shape W1 has, for example, amplitude C1 and an average delay time D1, as depicted in FIG. 15A. The delay times for the upstream nozzles 10a may be determined such that the phase of the wave shape W1 is inverted relative to the wave shape V1. Thus, the distance between the ink landing positions in the scanning direction may become constant.
A wave shape V2 representing the relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction and gaps between the downstream nozzles 10b and the recording sheet P, may be drawn on the gap plane. As described above, the pressing force of the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 against the recording sheet P may be smaller than that of the corrugated plates 15. Therefore, the wave shape V2 has, for example, an amplitude A2(<A1), and an average gap B2(<B1), as depicted in FIG. 14B.
In this case, it is considered that the delay times for the downstream nozzles 10b may be determined in view of the ratio of the amplitudes A1 and A2 and the difference between the average gaps B1 and B2. For this case, a wave shape W2 representing the relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction and delay times for the downstream nozzles 10b is drawn on the delay plane. The wave shape W2 has, for example, an amplitude C2(<C1), an average delay time D2(>D1), and the inverted phase relative to the wave shape V2, as depicted in FIG. 15B. As the delay times for the downstream nozzles 10b are thus determined, the distance between the ink landing positions of ink ejected from the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction may become constant.
In this case, the delay times for the upstream nozzles 10a and the downstream nozzles 10b may be expressed as a function of a position “x” in the scanning direction, e.g., g1(x) and g2(x), respectively as follows: “g2(x)=a·g1(x)+b”, where “a” and “b” are constants. The value of the constant “a” may be determined by the ratio between the amplitudes A1 and A2. The value of the constant b may be determined by the difference between the average gaps B1 and B2.
In this case, as can be seen from FIG. 14A and FIG. 14B, the amplitude A2 is smaller than the amplitude A1, so that a portion of the corrugated recording sheet P that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b more extends in the scanning direction relative to a portion that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a. A length M2 of the portion that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b and includes right and left ends of the recording sheet P in the scanning direction is longer than a length M1 of the portion that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a and includes the right and left ends of the recording sheet P in the scanning direction. In FIG. 14B, the left end of the portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b is positioned outside in the scanning direction by a distance of (M1−M2)/2 from the left end of the portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a. The right end of the portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b is positioned outside in the scanning direction by a distance of (M1−M2)/2 from the right end of the portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a. On the contrary, for example, as depicted in FIG. 14C, a distance in the scanning direction between the left end of the portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b and the left end of the portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a is shorter than a distance in the scanning direction between the right end of the portion that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b and the right end of the portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a. 
Therefore, as described above, when the delay times for the downstream nozzles 10b are determined to satisfy “g2(x)=a·g1(x)+b”, each of distances K1, as depicted in FIGS. 16A-16C, between the landing positions of ink I1 ejected from the upstream nozzle 10a and each of distances K2 between the landing positions of ink 12 ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b may become equi-distant but the distance K2 may be shorter than the distance K1. At this time, when the left and right ends of the portion that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b are positioned away from the left and right ends of the portion that opposes the upstream nozzles 10b, respectively, by the same distance in the scanning direction, the ink 12 ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b may land at positions, for example, as depicted in FIG. 16A. When the distance in the scanning direction between the left end of the portion that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b and the left end of the portion that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a is longer than the distance between the right end of the portion that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b and the right end of the portion that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a, the ink 12 ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b may land at positions shifted to the left from the landing positions depicted in FIG. 16A, as depicted in FIG. 16B. When the distance in the scanning direction between the left end of the portion that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b and the left end of the portion that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a is shorter than the distance in the scanning direction between the right end of the portion that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b and the right end of the portion that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a, the ink 12 ejected from the downstream nozzle 10b may land at positions shifted to the right from the landing positions depicted in FIG. 16A, as depicted in FIG. 16C.
In such case, the delay times for the downstream nozzles 10b may be determined by adding such time that increases in proportion to the value of “x”, to the delay times represented by the wave shape W2. In this case, when the wave shape W3 representing the relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction and delay times for the downstream nozzles 10b is drawn on the delay plane, the wave shape W3 may be as depicted in, for example, FIG. 15C. In this case, the function, “g2(x)=a·g1(x)+c·x+b” may be satisfied, where “c” is a constant. The value of the constant “c” is determined by the ratio of the lengths M1 and M2. As the value of “c” becomes greater, the distance K2 becomes longer. The ratio of the lengths M1 and M2 is determined by the ratio of the amplitudes A1 and A2, and the number of the ridge portions Pm and the groove portions Pv. The value of the constant “b” is determined by a difference between the average gaps B1 and B2 and how much the portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b extends or is shifted to which side in the scanning direction with respect to the portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the upstream nozzles 10a. As the value of “b” is greater, the landing position of the ink 12 is shifted more greatly in the scanning direction while the distance K2 is maintained. When the delay times for the downstream nozzles 10b are thus determined, the distance K2 is brought closer to the distance K1 and the landing positions of the ink 12 in the scanning direction may be brought closer to the landing positions of the ink I1.
The average delay time may be expressed as a function of “x”, e.g., f1(x), and the delay time for the upstream nozzles 10a may be expressed as a function of “x”, e.g., f2(x), as follows: “f1(x)=[g1(x)+g2(x)]/2, f2(x)=g1(x)”.
The formula, “f2(x)=(2−a)f1(x)−b” or “f2(x)=(2−a)f1(x)−c·x−b” holds when “g2(x)=a·g1(x)+b” or “g2(x)=a·g1(x)+c·x+b is satisfied, where “(2−a)”, “−c”, and “−b” are constants. When “(2−a)” is expressed as “a”, “−c” is expressed as “c”, and “−b” is expressed as “b”, “f2(x)=a·f1(x)+b” or “f2(x)=a·f1(x)+c·x+b” holds.
In a case where “g2(x)=a·g1(x)+b” or “g2(x)=a·g1(x)+c·x+b” is satisfied, a wave shape drawn on the delay plane and representing the relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction and delay times for downstream nozzles 10b becomes such a wave shape in which a wave shape representing the relationship between positions of the upstream nozzles 10a in the scanning direction and delay times for the upstream nozzles 10a is expanded, contracted, or parallel-moved. Herein, “an expansion and contraction of a wave shape” includes deformation of the wave shape W1 like the wave shape W2, as well as, for example, deformation of the wave shape W1 like the wave shape W3.
In such case, from any one piece of the upstream correction information, the downstream correction information and the average correction information, the other two pieces of information may be obtained. In other words, in such case, one piece of information among the three pieces of information may be stored in the EEPROM 54. The other two pieces of information among the three pieces of the information are not necessarily stored in the EEPROM 54.
However, the relationship between gaps between the downstream nozzles 10b and the recording sheet P and between the upstream nozzles 10a and the recording sheet P does not always become the relationship as described above. For example, the pressing force of the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 against the recording sheet P is smaller than that the corrugated plates 15. Therefore, either the ridge portions Pm or the groove portions Pv that are supposed to be formed in the recording sheet P may disappear in a portion of the recording sheet P that opposes the downstream nozzles 10b. When a wave shape V4 representing the relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction and gaps between the downstream nozzles 10b and the recording sheet P is drawn on the gap plane, the wave shape V4 may become, for example, as depicted in FIG. 14D.
In this case, when the delay times are determined, for such gaps as represented by the wave shape V4, such that distance between the ink landing positions in the scanning direction become constant, in view of for example, the amplitude and the average gap, a wave shape W4 representing the relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction and delay times may be drawn on the delay plane. The wave shape W4 may be, for example, as depicted in FIG. 15D, in which the number of the relative maximum values and the number of the relative minimum values may be different from those of the wave shape W1. In this case, “g2(x)≠a·g1(x)+b” or “g2(x)≠a·g1(x)+c·x+b”. Therefore, “f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+b” or “f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+c·x+b”. The wave shape W4 is not what the wave shape W1 is expanded, contracted, or moved parallel.
When a wave shape V5 representing the relationship between positions of the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction and gaps between the downstream nozzles 10b and the recording sheet P may be drawn on the gap plane, the wave shape V5 may be, as depicted in FIG. 14E, in which the amplitudes may be greatly varied relative to the wave shape V1 due to variances in pressing forces of the recording sheet P between a plurality of the corrugated spurs 18 and between a plurality of the corrugated spurs 19.
In this case, when the delay times are determined for such gap represented by the wave shape V5, such that the distance between the ink landing positions in the scanning direction becomes constant, for example, in consideration of the amplitude and the average gap, and the wave shape W5 representing the relationship positions of the downstream nozzles 10b in the scanning direction and delay times is drawn on the delay plane, the wave shape W5 may be as depicted in FIG. 15E, in which the number of the relative maximum and minimum values is same as that of the wave shape W1, but variance in the amplitude is different from that of the wave shape W1. In this case also, “g2(x)≠a·g1(x)+b” or “g2(x)≠a·g1(x)+c·x+b”. Therefore, “f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+b” or “f2(x) ≠a·f1(x)+c·x+b”. The wave shape W5 is not what the wave shape W1 is expanded, contracted, or moved parallel.
Therefore, in such case, from one piece of information among the upstream correction information, the downstream correction information and the average correction information, other two pieces of information might not be obtained.
It may differ according the inkjet printers 1 whether the relationship between gaps between the upstream nozzles 10a and the recording sheet P and gaps between the downstream nozzles 10b and the recording sheet P becomes like the relationship between the wave shape V1 and the wave shape V2 or V3 or between the wave shape V1 and the wave shape V4 or V5, due to dimension errors or deviations of the corrugated plates 15 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19, and deviations in the assembly of the corrugated plates 15 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 into the inkjet printers 1.
In the illustrative embodiment, the first fundamental correction information (e.g., the average correction information) and the second fundamental correction information (e.g., the upstream correction information) may be prestored in the EEPROM 54, as described above. Therefore, the upstream correction information, the downstream correction information and the average correction information may be obtained from the first and second fundamental correction information stored in the EEPROM 54, regardless of the relationship between gaps between the upstream nozzles 10a and the recording sheet P, and gaps between the downstream nozzles 10b and the recording sheet P. Thus, the delay times determined as in S301-S305 may be appropriate in accordance with gaps between the ink ejection surface 12a and the recording sheet P, regardless of whether “f2(x)=a·f1(x)+b” or “f2(x)=a·f1(x)+c·x+b” is satisfied.
Next, modifications of the illustrative embodiment will be described.
In the above-described illustrative embodiment, the delay times in the first pass may be determined using the second fundamental correction information (e.g., the upstream correction information). The delay times in the last pass may be determined using the downstream correction information. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the delay times for one of the first pass and the last pass may be determined using the first fundamental correction information (e.g., the average correction information).
In the above-described illustrative embodiment, the delay times in the first pass may be determined using the second fundamental correction information (e.g., the upstream correction information). The delay times in the last pass may be determined using the downstream correction information. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, a delay time obtained by calculating the weighted average of the delay time determined based on the upstream correction information with much weight placed thereon and the delay time determined based on the downstream correction information may be determined as a delay time in the first pass. A delay time obtained by calculating the weighted average of the delay time determined based on the upstream correction information and the delay time determined based on the downstream correction information with much weight placed thereon may be determined as the delay time in the last pass.
In the above-described illustrative embodiment, the delay times for all the passes other than the first pass and the last pass may be determined using the first fundamental correction information (e.g., the average correction information). However, the disclosure is not limited thereto.
In the above-described illustrative embodiment, as to the passes other than the second and the second to the last passes among the passes other than the first and the last passes, the delay times may be determined using the average correction information for both immediately preceding pass and immediately following pass. As to the second pass, in the immediately preceding pass (e.g., the first pass), the delay times may be determined using the upstream correction information. In the immediately following pass (e.g., the third pass), the delay times may be determined using the average correction information. As to the second to the last pass, in the immediately preceding pass (the third to the last pass), the delay times are determined using the average correction information. In the immediately following pass (e.g., the last pass), the delay times are determined using the downstream correction information. In another embodiment, for example, as to the second pass, the delay times may be determined using the average correction information and the upstream correction information. As to the second to the last pass, the delay times may be determined using the average correction information and the downstream correction information.
In the above-described illustrative embodiment, the delay times for the first pass may be determined using the upstream correction information. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, in an area of the recording sheet P where an image is to be recorded by a pass other than the first and the last passes, when an image is printed in an area adjacent to the upstream side and an image is not printed in an area adjacent to the downstream side, the delay times in the pass may be determined using the upstream correction information. More specifically, for example, as depicted in FIG. 17A, as to an area J4 where an image is to be printed by the fourth pass, when an image is printed in an area J5 (where an image is to be printed by the fifth pass) adjacent to the area J4 on the upstream side in the feeding direction, and an image is not printed in an area J3 (where an image is to be printed in the third pass) adjacent to the area J4 on the downstream side in the feeding direction, the delay times for the fourth pass may be determined using the second fundamental correction information (e.g., the upstream correction information). An area Jm where an image is to be printed is hatched in FIG. 17A.
In the above-described illustrative embodiment, the delay times for the last pass may be determined using the downstream correction information. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, in an area of the recording sheet P where an image is recorded by a pass other than the first and the last passes, when an image is printed in an area adjacent to the downstream side and an image is not printed in an area adjacent to the upstream side, the delay times for the pass may be determined using the downstream correction information. More specifically, for example, as depicted in FIG. 17B, as to the area J4 where an image is to be printed by the fourth pass, when an image is printed in the area J3 (where an image is to be printed by the third pass) adjacent to the area J4 on the downstream side in the feeding direction, and an image is not printed in the area J5 (where an image is to be printed in the fifth pass) adjacent to the area J4 on the upstream side in the feeding direction, the delay time for the fourth pass may be determined using the downstream correction information. An area Jm where an image is to be printed is hatched in FIG. 17B.
In the above-described illustrative embodiment, information on the deviation amounts of the landing positions of the number “n” of the upstream-side nozzles 10 among a plurality of the nozzles 10 constituting the nozzle array 9 in the top portion Pt and the bottom portion Pb and information on the deviation amounts of the landing positions of the number “n” of the downstream-side nozzles 10 among a plurality of the nozzles 10 constituting the nozzle array 9 in the top portion Pt and the bottom portion Pb may be obtained. Based on these pieces of the information, the delay times in the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb may be determined. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto.
For example, if gaps between a plurality of the nozzles 10 constituting the nozzle array 9 and the recording sheet P are able to be individually obtained, information on a gap between the recording sheet P and one upstream-side nozzle 10 (e.g., the most-upstream nozzle or the second upstream nozzle), among a plurality of the nozzles 10 constituting the nozzle array 9 in the feeding direction in the ridge portion Pm and the groove portion Pv, and information on a gap between the recording sheet P and one downstream-side nozzle 10 (e.g., the most-downstream nozzle or the second downstream nozzle) in the feeding direction in the ridge portion Pm and the groove portion Pv may be obtained. Based on these pieces of the information, the delay times in the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb may be determined.
Alternatively, if possible, information about gaps between an upstream portion of the ink ejection surface 12a in the feeding direction where the nozzles 10 are not formed and the recording sheet P in the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb and information about gaps between a downstream portion of the ink ejection surface 12a in the feeding direction where the nozzles 10 are not formed and the recording sheet P in the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb may be obtained. The delay times in the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb may be determined using these pieces of the information.
The first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information are not limited to those described above in the illustrative embodiment. For example, the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information may be two pieces of information, among the upstream correction information, the downstream correction information and the average correction information, different from those described in the illustrative embodiment.
Further, the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information are not limited to such information that can generate the upstream correction information and the downstream correction information.
For example, the first fundamental correction information may include such information that represents the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and delay times when the recording sheet P is pressed by the corrugated plates 15 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 (e.g., as depicted in FIG. 8C). The second fundamental correction information may include such information that represents the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and delay times when the recording sheet P is pressed by the corrugated spurs 18 and 19, among the corrugated plates 15 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 (e.g., as depicted in FIG. 8D). The delay times may be determined using the first fundamental correction information until the trailing end Pr of the recording sheet P passes the corrugated plates 15. The delay times may be determined using the second fundamental correction information after the trailing end Pr of the recording sheet P passes the corrugated plates 15.
In the illustrative embodiment, the corrugated plates 15 may press the recording sheet P with greater force than the corrugated spurs 18 and 19, as described above. Therefore, when the state of the recording sheet P being fed changes from a pressed state by the corrugated plates 15 to an unpressed state (e.g., from the state depicted in FIG. 8C to the state depicted in FIG. 8D), the wave shape or corrugations of the recording sheet P may greatly change. Therefore, for example, wave shapes drawn on the gap plane and representing the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and gaps between the ink ejection surface 12a and the recording sheet P in the state of FIG. 8C, and the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and gaps between the ink ejection surface 12a and the recording sheet P in the state of FIG. 8D, may become similar to, for example, the wave shape V1 (refer to FIG. 14A) and the wave shape V4 (refer to FIG. 14D), respectively, or similar to the wave shape V1 and the wave shape V5 (refer to FIG. 14E), respectively. In these cases, wave shapes drawn on the delay plane and representing the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and delay times in the state of FIG. 8C and the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and delay times in the state of FIG. 8D may become similar to, for example, the wave shape W1 (refer to FIG. 15A) and the wave shape W4 (refer to FIG. 15D), respectively, or the wave shape W1 and the wave shape W5 (refer to FIG. 15E), respectively. In these cases, when the first and second fundamental correction information is such information as described above, either formula, “f2(x)=a·f1(x)+b” or “f2(x)=a·f1(x)+c·x+b” is not satisfied.
Even when the wave shape or corrugations of the recording sheet P greatly change at the time when the state of the recording sheet P being fed changes from a pressed state by the corrugated plates 15 to an unpressed state (e.g., from the state depicted in FIG. 8C to the state depicted in FIG. 8D), wave shapes drawn on the gap plane and representing the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and gaps between the ink ejection surface 12a and the recording sheet P in the state of FIG. 8C, and the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and gaps between the ink ejection surface 12a and the recording sheet P in the state of FIG. 8D, may become similar to, for example, the wave shape V1 (refer to FIG. 14A) and the wave shape V2 (refer to FIG. 14B), respectively, or the wave shape V1 and the wave shape V3 (refer to FIG. 14C), respectively. In these case, wave shapes drawn on the delay plane and representing the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and delay times in the state of FIG. 8C and the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 in the scanning direction and delay times in the state of FIG. 8D may become similar to, for example, the wave shape W1 (refer to FIG. 15A) and the wave shape W2 (refer to FIG. 15B), respectively or the wave shape W1 and the wave shape W3 (refer to FIG. 15C), respectively. In these cases, when the first and second fundamental correction information is such information as described above, the formula, “f2(x)=a·f1(x) +b”, or “f2(x)=a·f1(x)+c·x+b” is satisfied.
How the corrugations of the recording sheet P change when the state of the recording sheet P changes from a pressed state by the corrugated plates 15 to an unpressed state may differ according to the inkjet printers 1 due to dimension errors of the corrugated plates 15 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 or deviations in the assembly of the corrugated plates 15 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 in the inkjet printers 1.
As described above, the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information are prestored in the EEPROM 54. The delay times may be determined properly using the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information before and after the trailing end Pr of the recording sheet P passes the corrugated plates 15. Thus, the delay times in each pass may be determined appropriately regardless of whether how the corrugations of the recording sheet P change when the state of the recording sheet P changes from a pressed state by the corrugated plates 15 to an unpressed state.
In this case, the delay times may be determined using the information obtained by changing the first fundamental correction information in accordance with the changes in the positions of the recording sheet P in the feeding direction before the trailing end Pr of the recording sheet P passes the corrugated plates 15.
More specifically, for example, the states of the recording sheet P may change in the order of FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C, as described above, before the trailing end Pr of the recording sheet P passes the corrugated plates 15. In the state of FIG. 8A, the recording sheet P is not pressed by the discharge roller 17 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19. As compared with the state of FIG. 8B, for example, the average gap between the nozzles 10 and the recording sheet P may become smaller. In the state of FIG. 8B, the feed roller 13 nipping or holding the recording sheet P may restrict the recording sheet P from deforming in a wave shape. In the state of FIG. 8C, the feed roller 13 does not nip or hold the recording sheet P, so that the feed roller 13 might not restrict the recording sheet P from deforming in a wave shape. Therefore, in the state of FIG. 8C, for example, amplitude of gaps between the nozzles 10 and the recording sheet P may become greater, and the average gap between the nozzles 10 and the recording sheet P may become smaller, as compared with the state of FIG. 8B. In view of these matters, for example, when the recording sheet P is placed at such a position as depicted in FIG. 8B, the delay times may be determined using the first fundamental correction information. When the recording sheet P is placed at such positions as depicted in FIGS. 8A and 8C, delay times may be determined using information obtained by changing the delay times in the top portions Pt and the bottom portions Pb, which are represented in the first fundamental correction information, in accordance with the differences in the amplitude and the average gap. At this time, a delay time may be expressed as a function of a position “x” in the scanning direction as follows: “a·f1(x)+c·x+b”.
In another embodiment, the first fundamental correction information may include such information that represents the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 configured to eject the black ink in the scanning direction and delay times for the nozzles 10 configured to eject the black ink. The second fundamental correction information may include such information that represents the relationship between positions of the nozzles 10 configured to eject color inks in the scanning direction and delay times for the nozzles 10 configured to eject color inks. When the monochrome printing is performed, the delay times may be determined using the first fundamental correction information. When the color printing is performed, the delay times may be determined using the second fundamental correction information.
The nozzles 10 configured to eject the black ink (the nozzles 10 in the rightmost nozzle array 9 in FIG. 2) and the nozzles 10 configured to eject color inks (the nozzles 10 in the three nozzle arrays 9 from the left in FIG. 2) may be different with respect to the position in the scanning direction. Therefore, as a delay time for the nozzles 10 configured to eject the black ink and a delay time for the nozzles 10 configured to eject a color ink may be set to the same time when a position detected by the encoder 20 is the same, the delay times for at least one group of the nozzles 10 configured to eject the black ink and the nozzles 10 configured to eject the color ink might not be appropriate for gaps with the recording sheet P.
As described above, the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information may be prestored in the EEPROM 54. The delay times may be determined properly using the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information, according to whether the monochrome or color printing is performed, as described above. Thus, the delay times may be determined appropriately for the nozzles 10 configured to eject the black ink and color inks according to gaps with the recording sheet P.
In the above-described illustrative embodiment, ink ejection timings from the nozzles 10 may be corrected by delaying ink ejection timings from the nozzles 10 relative to the reference timing. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto. Ink ejection timings from the nozzles 10 may be corrected by advancing ink ejection timings from the nozzles 10 relative to the reference timing, if possible.
In the above-described illustrative embodiment, the recording sheet P may be corrugated along the scanning direction by pressing the recording sheet P with the corrugated plates 15 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto. The recording sheet P may be corrugated along the scanning direction in a different manner. For example, a suction opening for suctioning a recording sheet P may be provided at a portion of the platen 14 between the adjacent ribs 16 in the scanning direction. The recording sheet P may suctioned at the suction opening, to corrugate the recording sheet P along the scanning direction.
Further, what causes variations or changes in gaps between the ink ejection surface 12a and the recording sheet P along the scanning direction is not limited to corrugations of the recording sheet P along the scanning direction. For example, when the corrugated plates 15 and the corrugated spurs 18 and 19 need not be provided and the ribs 16 need not be disposed on the upper surface 14a of the platen 14, the recording sheet P is not corrugated along the scanning direction. However, when the platen 14 is relatively large, it may be difficult to make the flatness of the upper surface 14a high or increase. Therefore, in such a case, variations of the height or level of the upper surface 14a of the platen 14 along the scanning direction cause variations of the height or level of the recording sheet P placed on the upper surface 14a of the platen 14 along the scanning direction. Therefore, gaps between the ink ejection surface 12a and the recording sheet P fluctuate along the scanning direction. Fluctuations of the gaps may also be caused due to variations in the height or level of the upper surface 14a of the platen 14 along the feeding direction, and pivotal movement of the platen 14 on the pivot shaft 14b. For example, differences are caused between variations of gaps between the upstream nozzles 10a and the recording sheet P along the scanning direction, and variations of gaps between the downstream nozzles 10b and the recording sheet P along the scanning direction, due to, for example, the inclination of the upper surface 14a. In this case also, the first fundamental correction information and the second fundamental correction information may be prestored in the EEPROM 54, similar to the above-described illustrative embodiment. The delay times in each pass may be determined using these pieces of information. Thus, ink may be ejected in each pass at appropriate timings.
While the disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiment thereof, this is merely an example, and various changes, arrangements and modifications may be applied therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

## Claims

1. An inkjet printer, comprising:
an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles;
a head scanning mechanism configured to move the ink jet head in multiple passes in a scanning direction during an ink jet printing operation;
a feeding mechanism configured to move a print medium in a feeding direction during the ink jet printing operation; and
a controller configured to perform the following:
determine a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction;
determine a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
use the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein the functions f1(x) and f2(x) are wave functions corresponding to a printing medium corrugate wave shape.

2. The inkjet printer of claim 1, wherein the first time function f1(x) defines ink ejection timing values for an upstream set of one or more nozzles of an ink ejection head, and the second time function f2(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a downstream set of one or more nozzles of the ink ejection head.

3. The inkjet printer of claim 2, wherein the functions are wave functions, wherein
f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+b,
wherein a is a ratio between an amplitude A1 of f1(x) and an amplitude A2 of f2(x), and
b is a difference between an average value of B1 of f1(x) and an average value B2 of f2(x).

4. The inkjet printer of claim 1, wherein the first time function f1(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a printing scan before a trailing edge of the print medium sheet moves beyond a corrugated plate in a sheet feed direction, and the second time function f2(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a printing scan after the trailing edge of the print medium sheet moves beyond the corrugated plate in the sheet feed direction.

5. The inkjet printer of claim 1, wherein f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+b where a and b are constants.

6. The inkjet printer of claim 1, wherein f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+c·x+b where a, b and c are constants.

7. The inkjet printer of claim 1, wherein the first and second time functions have different maximum values or different minimum values.

8. The inkjet printer of claim 1, wherein the first time function is based on an average of a gap distance a between an upstream nozzle of an ink ejection head and a test print medium and a gap distance b between a downstream nozzle of the ink ejection head and the test print medium; and
wherein the second time function is based on the gap distance b.

9. The inkjet printer of claim 8, further comprising printing first and second test patches on the test print medium, and using the test patches to determine the gap distances a and b.

10. The inkjet printer of claim 1, wherein the timing values defined by the first and second functions are delay time values.

11. An inkjet printing method, comprising:
determining a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of a print medium in a scanning direction;
determining a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
using the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+b, where a and b are constants.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first time function f1(x) defines ink ejection timing values for an upstream set of one or more nozzles of an ink ejection head, and the second time function f2(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a downstream set of one or more nozzles of the ink ejection head.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the functions are wave functions, wherein
f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+b,
wherein a is a ratio between an amplitude A1 of f1(x) and an amplitude A2 of f2(x), and
b is a difference between an average value of B1 of f1(x) and an average value B2 of f2(x).

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the first time function f1(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a printing scan before a trailing edge of the print medium sheet moves beyond a corrugated plate in a sheet feed direction, and the second time function f2(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a printing scan after the trailing edge of the print medium sheet moves beyond the corrugated plate in the sheet feed direction.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+c·x+b, where a, b and c are constants.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein the first and second functions have different maximum values or different minimum values.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the first function is based on an average of a gap distance a between an upstream nozzle of an ink ejection head and a test print medium and a gap distance b between a downstream nozzle of the ink ejection head and the test print medium; and
wherein the second function is based on the gap distance b.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising printing first and second test patches on the test print medium, and using the test patches to determine the gap distances a and b.

19. An inkjet printer, comprising:
an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles;
a head scanning mechanism configured to move the ink jet head in multiple passes in a scanning direction during an ink jet printing operation;
a feeding mechanism configured to move a print medium in a feeding direction during the ink jet printing operation; and
a controller configured to perform the following:
determine a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction;
determine a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
use the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein the timing values defined by the first and second functions are delay time values.

20. The inkjet printer of claim 19, wherein the first time function f1(x) defines ink ejection timing values for an upstream set of one or more nozzles of an ink ejection head, and the second time function f2(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a downstream set of one or more nozzles of the ink ejection head.

21. An inkjet printer, comprising:
an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles;
a head scanning mechanism configured to move the ink jet head in multiple passes in a scanning direction during an ink jet printing operation;
a feeding mechanism configured to move a print medium in a feeding direction during the ink jet printing operation; and
a controller configured to perform the following:
determine a first time function fi(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction;
determine a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
use the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein the first time function f1(x) defines ink ejection timing values for an upstream set of one or more nozzles of an ink ejection head, and the second time function f2(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a downstream set of one or more nozzles of the ink ejection head.

22. An inkjet printer, comprising:
an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles;
a head scanning mechanism configured to move the ink jet head in multiple passes in a scanning direction during an ink jet printing operation;
a feeding mechanism configured to move a print medium in a feeding direction during the ink jet printing operation; and
a controller configured to perform the following:
determine a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction;
determine a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
use the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein the first time function f1(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a printing scan before a trailing edge of the print medium sheet moves beyond a corrugated plate in a sheet feed direction, and the second time function f2(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a printing scan after the trailing edge of the print medium sheet moves beyond the corrugated plate in the sheet feed direction.

23. An inkjet printer, comprising:
an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles;
a head scanning mechanism configured to move the ink jet head in multiple passes in a scanning direction during an ink jet printing operation;
a feeding mechanism configured to move a print medium in a feeding direction during the ink jet printing operation; and
a controller configured to perform the following:
determine a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction;
determine a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
use the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein f2(x) ≠a·f1(x)+b, where a and b are constants.

24. An inkjet printer, comprising:
an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles;
a head scanning mechanism configured to move the ink jet head in multiple passes in a scanning direction during an ink jet printing operation;
a feeding mechanism configured to move a print medium in a feeding direction during the ink jet printing operation; and
a controller configured to perform the following:
determine a first time function fi(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction;
determine a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
use the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+c·x+b, where a, b and c are constants.

25. An inkjet printer, comprising:
an ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles;
a head scanning mechanism configured to move the ink jet head in multiple passes in a scanning direction during an ink jet printing operation;
a feeding mechanism configured to move a print medium in a feeding direction during the ink jet printing operation; and
a controller configured to perform the following:
determine a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of the print medium in the scanning direction;
determine a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
use the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein the first time function is based on an average of a gap distance a between an upstream nozzle of an ink ejection head and a test print medium and a gap distance b between a downstream nozzle of the ink ejection head and the test print medium; and
wherein the second time function is based on the gap distance b.

26. An inkjet printing method, comprising:
determining a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of a print medium in a scanning direction;
determining a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
using the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein the first time function f1(x) defines ink ejection timing values for an upstream set of one or more nozzles of an ink ejection head, and the second time function f2(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a downstream set of one or more nozzles of the ink ejection head.

27. An inkjet printing method, comprising:
determining a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of a print medium in a scanning direction;
determining a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
using the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein the first time function f1(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a printing scan before a trailing edge of the print medium sheet moves beyond a corrugated plate in a sheet feed direction, and the second time function f2(x) defines ink ejection timing values for a printing scan after the trailing edge of the print medium sheet moves beyond the corrugated plate in the sheet feed direction.

28. An inkjet printing method, comprising:
determining a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of a print medium in a scanning direction;
determining a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
using the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein f2(x)≠a·f1(x)+c·x+b, where a, b and c are constants.

29. An inkjet printing method, comprising:
determining a first time function f1(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across a width of a print medium in a scanning direction;
determining a second time function f2(x) identifying ink ejection timing values for positions x across the width of the print medium in the scanning direction; and
using the first and second time functions to adjust ink ejection timing while printing on one print medium sheet, wherein the first function is based on an average of a gap distance a between an upstream nozzle of an ink ejection head and a test print medium and a gap distance b between a downstream nozzle of the ink ejection head and the test print medium; and
wherein the second function is based on the gap distance b.