## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1137 | Page 

# Appendix I – Best Management Practices

Introduction A Best Management Practice or BMP is a practice, or combination of practices that have been determined to be the most e ơ ective and practicable in preventing or reducing the amount of pollution generated by di ơ use sources to a level compatible with water quality goals (40 CFR 130.2 [m]).

The BMPs described in this appendix are methods, measures, or practices selected based on sitespeci ¿ c conditions to ensure that water quality would be maintained at its highest practicable level to meet water quality standards and TMDL load allocations as set by the State of Oregon, Department of Environmental Quality. These site-specific BMPs are a compilation of commonly employed practices developed through professional experience or research, and designed to minimize water quality degradation and loss of soil productivity. The BMPs include, but are not limited to, avoidance, structural and nonstructural treatments, operations, and maintenance procedures. Although normally preventative, BMPs can be applied before, during, and after pollution-producing activities to reduce or eliminate the introduction of pollutants into receiving waters (40 CFR 130.2, EPA Water Quality Standards Regulation). The implementation of these BMPs would be the beginning of an iterative process that includes the monitoring and modification of BMPs, where needed, to achieve water quality goals. This cyclic process would be the primary mechanism to achieve Oregon’s water quality standards.

The BLM is responsible for implementing BMPs on the lands it administers. 135 

### The BMPs provide compliance with the Clean Water Act of 1972, as amended, State of Oregon water quality legislation (chapter 340), and the O&C Act. For proposed management actions, BMPs would be designed and implemented in a manner that is consistent with the DEQ Memorandum of Understanding (2011), and with the Clean Water Act. The BLM believes the BMPs are at least as protective as the rules adopted under the Oregon Forest Practices Act, covering similar operations on state and private forestlands.

The Resource Management Plan allocations and Management Objectives, especially relating to theRiparian Reserve, are broad scale BMPs. For vegetation treatments using herbicides on BLMadministered lands in the decision area, BMPs are included in Vegetation Treatments Using Herbicides on BLM Lands in Oregon Record of Decision, October 2010 as mitigation measures and standard operating practices, incorporated by reference. Briefly, mitigation and standard operating procedures in Attachment A; General, Soil, Water Resources, Wetlands and Riparian Areas, Fish and Other Aquatic Organisms, Recreation and other beneficial uses and values (pp. 33-45), and additional mitigation (pp. 13-15) are considered BMPs for herbicide treatments. For other management activities, including minerals exploration and development, linear transmission projects and most hazardous materials, the mechanism to achieve Oregon State Water Quality Standards would be guided by existing Management Direction, other regulations or separate Environmental Analysis and not necessarily be covered by the BMPs contained in this RMP. For example, management of locatable minerals is non-discretionary and governed by regulations found in 43 CFR 3809. The BMPs for locatable minerals include language from 43 CFR 3809 that requires operators to prevent unnecessary and undue degradation from mining operations.

135 The DEQ has granted Designated Management Agency status to the BLM through the Memorandum of Understanding.

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1138 | Page The following lists of site-specific BMPs are more detailed than, and in addition to, the Management Objectives contained in the RMP. The BMPs are not intended to be all-inclusive nor replace site-specific project planning, which may require the use of different or additional BMP practices.



# Purpose Best management practices (BMPs) are required by the federal Clean Water Act (1972), as amended to reduce nonpoint source pollution to the maximum extent practicable. Nonpoint source pollution is defined as pollutants detected in water bodies such as a streams, or lakes that come from the landscape in a dispersed manner, often related to a wide range of forest and rangeland ground disturbing activities. The BMPs are the primary controls for achieving Oregon’s water quality standards pertaining to nonpoint source pollution. Oregon’s narrative and numeric criteria within water quality standards, are designed to protect designated bene ¿ cial uses (such as salmonid spawning and rearing, resident ¿ sh and aquatic life

, domestic water supplies, and water-contact recreation).

BLM’s and DEQ's strategy for managing and controlling nonpoint source water pollution from BLM

managed lands in the State of Oregon is through a Memorandum of Understanding (2011) between the State of Oregon, Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) and the United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, (BLM).This MOU defines the process by which the BLM and DEQ will cooperatively meet State and Federal water quality rules and regulations. The physical, chemical, and biological conditions of "waters of the State" that support beneficial uses (defined in Oregon Revised Statute (ORS), Chapter 468B Water Quality, and Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR), Division 41) would be protected, restored, and maintained by working in a proactive, collaborative, and adaptive manner. The MOU specifies that the BLM would implement site-specific BMPs as specified in Management Objectives, standards, guidelines, design features, and mitigation developed in Resource Management Plans (RMP), RMP amendments, project level plans, and Water Quality Restoration Plans (WQRP) to meet applicable water quality standards. Monitoring is required, under the MOU, to ensure that practices are properly designed and applied, to determine the effectiveness of practices in meeting water quality standards, and adjustment of BMPs when it is found that water quality standards are not being protected.



# Organization, Selection, and Application of BMPs The tables that follow this introduction are organized by core activities on BLM-administered lands in the Decision Area. For each core activity, the sequential number, and Best Management Practice is listed first in the left columns, the source, or reference in the center column, and the applicable DEQ narrative or numeric water quality standards in the right column. The right column identifies the DEQ Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR) number(s), and provides OAR references within the roads and landings section, to compare these BMPs to similar Oregon Department of Forestry OARs.

Core activities with BMPs include:

x Road and landing maintenance and construction

x Timber harvest activities

x Silvicultural activities

x Fire and fuels management

x Surface source water for drinking water

x Recreation management

x Range management

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1139 | Page x Minerals (salable) development

x Spill prevention and abatement

x Restoration activities

x Dry forest-specific BMPs

Those BMPs that are necessary for typical situations have been included. When applied, the BLM would expect BMPs to prevent water quality degradation and to meet water quality standards and TMDL load allocations.

Selection of BMPs are made by decision- makers using input from soil, water, ¿ sheries, geology and other professionals during project-level analyses. It is not intended that all of the BMPs listed will be selected for any speci ¿ c management action. Each act ivity is unique, based on site- speci ¿ c conditions and the selection of an individual BMP or a combination of BMPs and measures that becomes the BMPdesign. Resource aspects of land management activities normally have many facets that require sitespeci ¿ c B MP design. Therefore, there may be some repetition of the BMPs between sections of the following tables. An activity may use an individual BMP, whereas another activity may involve BMPs in combination from several core management activities for water quality protection.

BMPs that relate to instream activities may coincidently be similar to applicable practices speci ¿ ed in Army Corps of Engineers, Department of State Lands, and ODFW joint removal/ ¿ ll permits, DEQ water quality permits and 401 certi ¿ cations, or project desi gn criteria contained in biological assessments. The BMPs in the following tables are not speci ¿ c permit requirements, but rather demonstrate the process by which nonpoint source pollution from instream activities would be controlled.

The BMPs are practices, techniques, or management strategies that have been evaluated through common practice or studies, and are shown to be an e ơ ective and practical means of preventing or reducing nonpoint source pollution. The BMPs are not intended to serve as detailed engineering speci ¿ cations or design criteria. Such speci ¿ cations are available for ¿ eld use from various sources.

The BMPs would be applied in a manner that is consistent with all Resource Management Plan objectives. The overall goal is not to adhere strictly to a particular BMP(s), but to meet water quality objectives when implementing management actions. Although this appendix does not provide an exhaustive list of BMPs, the included BMPs, when applied correctly for varying ground-disturbing activities, would maintain water quality for the range of project activities in the Decision Area. Additional nonpoint source control measures would be identi ¿ ed during the interdisciplinary process when evaluating site- speci ¿ c management actions

.


# Monitoring and Adjustment BMPs are selected and applied, based upon site-specific conditions, technical feasibility, resource availability and the water quality of those water bodies potentially impacted. Specialists may consider baseline environmental conditions, type of activity, proximity to water, disturbance level, direct, indirect, and cumulative e ơ ects and timing. They may also evaluate new technology and relevant implementation

or e ơ ectiveness monitoring data, and published studies or other sources of information, in re ¿ ning existing BMPs or recommending new BMPs. Post-project implementation monitoring of selected BMPs demonstrate that BMPs are carried forward from the project level plans, and properly designed and applied. Effectiveness monitoring demonstrates that selected BMPs meet water quality standards and criteria and assure protection of beneficial uses. Modification of BMPs would be initiated when it is

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1140 | Page found that water quality standards are not being protected. This process involves continued learning and applying monitoring feedback. Summarizing thousands of on-site evaluations show that BMPs protect surface waters and are implemented correctly at least 86% of the time and are effective in 85% to 99% of applications (Rogers 2007, USDA FS 2012).

Review and update of this appendix, including BMP corrections or additions that are within the core subject areas of existing BMPs, would be completed through plan maintenance.



# Roads and Landings
See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-1. Best management practices for roads and landings.
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

General Construction

R 1 Locate temporary and permanent roads and landings on stable locations, e.g., ridge tops, stable benches, or flats, and gentle -to-moderate side slopes. Minimize construction on steep slopes, slide areas, and high landslide hazard locations. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 1, p. 270.

OAR 629 -625- 0200 (3) OAR 629-625-0200

– ODF, Road Location

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 2 Locate temporary and permanent road construction or improvement to minimize the number of stream crossings. U SDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 2, p. 270.

OAR 629 -625- 0200 (3- 4) OAR 629-625-0200

– ODF, Road Location

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 3 Locate roads and landings away from wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains and waters of the State, unless there is no practicable alternative. Avoid locating landings in areas that contribute runoff to channels. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Wa ter, R 4, p. 270.

OAR 629 -625- 0200 (2) OAR 629-625-0200

– ODF, Road Location

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 4 Locate roads and landings to reduce total transportation system mileage. Renovate or improve existing roads or landings when it would cause less adverse environmental impact. Where roads traverse land in another ownership, investigate options for using those roads before constructing new roads. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 2, p. 270.

EPA 2005, pp. 3

- 12, Bullet 1

OAR 629 -625- 0200 (5)

EPA 2005, pp. 3

- 10, Bullet 1 OAR 629 -625-0200

– ODF, Road Location

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1 ), (7) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

R 5 Design roads to the minimum width needed for the intended use as referenced in BLM Manual 9113. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 8, p. 271.

OAR 629 -625- 0310 (3) OAR 629-625-0310-ODF, Road Prism

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 R 6 Confine pioneer roads to the USDI BLM 2008, OAR 629-625-0410-ODF, Disposal of Waste

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1141 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
construction limits of the permanent roadway to reduce the amount of area disturbed and avoid deposition in wetl ands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains and waters of the State. Install temporary drainage, erosion, and sediment control structures. Storm proof or close pioneer roads prior to the onset of the wet season. Appendix I-Water, R 11, p. 271.

EPA 2005, p. 3 -41, Bullet 2 Materials

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 7 Design road cut and fill slop es with stable angles, to reduce erosion and prevent slope failure. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 3, p. 270.

EPA 2005 OAR 629-625-0310-ODF, Road Prism

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1)

, (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 8 End-haul material excavated during construction, renovation, and/or maintenance where side slopes generally exceed 60 percent and any slope where side -cast material may enter wetlands, floodplains, and waters of the State. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 10, p. 271.

EPA 2005, pp. 3

- 12, Bullet 5 OAR 629-625-0310-ODF, Road Prism

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 9 Constr uct road fills to prevent fill failure using inorganic material, compaction, buttressing, sub

- surface drainage, rock facing, or other effective

means. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 13, p. 271.

OAR 629 -625-0310 -5 OAR 629-625-0310-ODF, Road Prism

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 10 Design and construct sub -surface drainage in landslide prone areas and saturated soils (e.g., trench drains using
geo -textile fabrics and drain pipes). USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 19, p. 272.

DEQ 2005, RC

- 1, RC6, pp.4 -5, 4-6 OAR 629-625-0300-ODF, Road Design

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 11 Locate waste disposal areas outside wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains and unstable areas to minimize risk of sediment de livery to waters of the State. Apply surface erosion control prior to the wet season. Prevent overloading areas, which may become unstable. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 80, p. 281.

OAR 629 -625-0340 OAR 629-625-0340-ODF, Waste Disposal Areas

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 12 Use controlled blasting techniques to minimize loss of material on steep slopes or into wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the State

. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 12, p. 271. OAR 629-625-0410-ODF, Disposal of Waste Materials

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 13 Use temporary sediment control measures (e.g., check dams, silt fencing, bark bags, filter strips and mulch) to slow runoff and contain USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 14, p. 271. OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1142 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

sediment from road construction areas. Remove any accumulated sediment and the control measures when work or haul is complete. When long -term structural sediment control measures are incorporated into the final erosion control plan, remove any accumulated sediment to retain capacity of the control measure. DEQ 2005, RC-11 Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 14 Avoid use of road fills for water impoundment dams unless specifically designed for that purpose. Impoundments over 9.2

- acre feet or 10 feet in depth will require a dam safety assessment by a registered engineer. Upgrade existing road fill impoundments to pass 100

- year flood
events. OAR 629 -625-0310 -5 OAR 629 -625-0310-ODF, Road Prism

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide N arrative OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

Permanent Stream Crossings

R 15 Design culverts, bridges, and other stream crossings for the 100

- year flood event including allowance for bed load and anticipated floatable debris. USDI BLM 200 8, Appendix I

- Water, R 45, p. 276. OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 16 Minimize fill volumes at permanent and temporary stream crossings by restricting width and height of fill to amounts needed for safe travel and adequate cover for culverts. For deep fills (generally greater than 15 feet deep

, ) incorporate additional design criteria (e.g., rock blankets, buttressing, bioengineering techniques) to reduce the susceptibility of fill failures. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 47, p. 276.

OAR 629 -625 - 0320 (1b) OAR 629 -625-0320- ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: An tidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 17 Locate stream-crossing culverts on well

- defined, unobstructed, and straight reaches of stream. Locate these crossings as close to perpendicular to the streamflow as stream allows. When structure cannot be aligned perpendicular, provide inlet and outlet structures that protect fill, and minimize bank erosion. Choose crossings that have well defined stream channels with erosion resistant bed and banks. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 48, p. 276.

EPA 2005, pp. 3 -14

Gesford and Anderson 2006, pp. 5 -30 OAR 629 -625-0320- ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide N arrative OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 18 On new construction, install culverts at the natural stream grade, unless a lessor gradient is required for fish passage. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 49, p. 276. OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1143 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

R 19 Use stream crossing protection techniques to allow floodwater and debris to flow over the top of the road prism without the loss of the fill or diversion of streamflow. This protection could include hardening crossings, armoring fills, dipping grades, oversizing culverts, hardening inlets and outlets, and lowering the fill height. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 53, p. 277. OAR 629 -625-0320- ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 20 Design stream crossings to prevent diversion of water from streams into downgrade road ditches or down road surfaces. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 31, p. 274.

OAR 629 -625 - 0330 (3) OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 21 Place instream grade control structures above or below the crossing structure, if necessary, to prevent stream headcutting, culvert undermining and downstream sedimentation. Employ bioengineering measures to protect the stability of the streambed and banks. DEQ 2005 , RC - 2

Gesford and Anderson 2006, pp 5 -31.

USDA FS 2002 Chapter 20 OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 22 Prevent culvert plugging and failure in areas of active debris movement with measures such as beveled culvert inlets, flared inlets, wingwalls, over -sized culverts, trash racks, or slotted risers. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 59, p. 278. OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 23 Utilize stream diversion and isolation techniques when installing stream crossings. Evalua te the physical characteristics of the site, volume of water flowing through the project area and the risk of erosion and sedimentation when selecting the proper techniques. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 50, R 51, p. 277. OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 24 Limit activities and access points of mechanized equipment to streambank

areas or temporary platforms when installing or removing structures. Keep equipment activity in the stream channel to an absolute minimum. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 52, p. 277.

OAR 629 -625- 0430 (2) OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 25 Install stream crossing structures before heavy equipment moves beyond the crossing area. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 60, p. 278. OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1144 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 26 Disconnect the road runoff to the stream channel by outsloping the road approach. If outsloping is not possible, use runoff control, erosion control and sediment containment measures. These may include using additional cross drain culverts, ditch lining, and catchment basins. Prevent or reduce ditch flow conveyance to the stream through cross drain placement above the stream crossing. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 26, p. 273, R 33 p. 274.

Gesford and Anderson 2006, pp. 5 -22.

OAR 629 -625- 0330 (4) OAR 62 9-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

Temporary Stream Crossings for Roads and Skid Trails

R 27 When installing temporary culverts, use washed rock as a backfill material. Use geotextile fabric as necessary where washed rock will spread with traffic and cannot be practicably retrieved. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 63, p. 279.

DEQ 2005, NS -3 OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing Struc tures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 28 Use no -fill structures (e.g., portable mats, temporary bridges, or improved hardened crossings) for temporary stream crossings. When not practicable, design temporary stream crossings with the least amount of fill and construct with coarse material to facilitate removal upon completion. OAR 629 -625- 0320 (2) OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 29 Remove temporary crossing structures promptly after use. Follow practices under the Closure/Decommissioning section for removing stream crossing drainage structures and reestablishing the natural drainage. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 65, p. 279.

OAR 629 -625- 0430 (5) OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Surface Drainage

R 30 Effectively drain the road surface by using crowning, insloping or outsloping, grade rev ersals (rolling dips) and waterbars or a combination of these methods. Avoid concentrated discharge onto fill slopes unless the fill slopes are stable and erosion proofed. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 22, p. 272.

EPA 2005, p. 3 -41 OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 31 Outslope temporary and permanent low volume roads to provide surface drainage on road gradients up to 6% unless there is a traffic hazard from the road shape. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 23, R 24, p. 273.

EPA 2005, p. 3 -42

USDA FS 2002 Chapter 13 OAR 629 -625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrativ e OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 32 Consider using broadbased drainage dips and/or lead

- off ditches in lieu of cross drains for low volume roads. Locate these surface water drainage USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 25, R 26, p. 273. OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1145 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
measures where they will not drain into wetlands, floodplains, and waters of the State

. EPA 2005, pp. 3-41-45

USDA FS 2002 Chapter 13 Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 33 Avoid use of outside road berms unless designed to protect road fills from runoff. If road berms are used, breach to accommodate drainage where fill slopes are stable. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 27, p. 273.

Gesford and Anderson 2006, pp. 3 -7. OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 34 Construct variable road grades and alignments (e.g., roll the grade, grade breaks) which limit water concentration, velocity, flow distance and associated stream power. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 28, p. 273.

Gesford and Anderson 2006, pp. 5 -20.

OAR 629-625-0310 (1) OAR 629 -625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 35 Install underdrain structures when roads cross or expose springs, seeps, or wet areas rather than allowing intercepted water to flow downgradient in ditchlines. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 29, p. 273.

OAR 629 -625- 0330 (5) OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 36 Design roads crossing low

- lying areas so that water does not pond on the upslope side of the road. Provide cross drains at short intervals to ensure free drainage. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 19, p. 272.

EPA 2005, p. 3 -14, Bullet 1 OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 37 Divert road and landing runoff water away from headwalls, slide areas, high landslide hazard locations, or steep erodible fill slopes. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 29, p. 273.

OAR 629 -625- 0330 (2) OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 38 Design landings to disperse surface water to vegetated stable areas. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 30, p. 274. OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: A ntidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Cross Drains

R 39 Locate cross drains to prevent or minimize runoff and sediment conveyance to wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the State. Implement sediment reduction techniques such as settling basins, brush filters, sediment fences, and check dams to prevent or minimize sediment conveyance. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 33, p. 274.

OAR 629 -625 - 0330 (4) OAR 629 -625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1146 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

R 40 Space cross drain culverts at intervals sufficient to prevent water volume concentratio n and accelerated ditch erosion. At a minimum, space cross drains at intervals referred to in the BLM Road Design Handbook 9113-1, Illustration 11

- "Spacing for Drainage Lateral

. ” Increase cross drain frequency through erodible soils, steep grades, and unstable areas. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 34, p. 274. OAR 629 -625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 41 Choose cross drain culvert diameter and type according to predicted ditch flow, debris and bedload passage expected from the ditch. Minimum diameter is 18 inches. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 35, p. 274.

Johansen et al . 1997 , p. 3. OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 42 Locate surface water drainage measures ( e.g., cross drain culverts, rolling dips, water bars) where water flow will be released on con vex slopes or other stable and non

- erosive areas that will absorb road drainage and prevent sediment flows from reaching wetlands, floodplains and waters of the State. Where possible locate surface water drainage structures above road segments with steeper downhill grade. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 26, p. 273.

Johansen et al . 1997 , p 3. OAR 629 -625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 43 Armor surface drainage structures (e.g., broad based dips, leadoff ditches) to maintain functionality in areas of erosive and low strength soils. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 38, p. 275. OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 44 Discharge cross drain culverts at ground level on non

- erodible material. Install downspout structures and/or energy dissipaters at cross drain outlets or drivable dips where water is discharged onto loose material, erodible soils, fills, or steep slopes. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 39, R 40, p. 275.

DEQ 2005, RC -2

Gesford and Anderson 2006, pp. 5-31. OAR 629 -625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 45 Cut protruding "shotgun" culverts at the fill surface or existing ground. Install downspout and/or energy dissipaters to prevent erosion. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 41, p. 275. OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 46 Skew cross drain cu lverts 45 to 60 degrees from the ditchline as referenced in BLM Road Design Handbook 9113- 1 and provide pipe gradient slightly greater than ditch gradient to reduce erosion at cross drain inlet. BLM Road Design Handbook H9113

- 1 2009 OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 47 Provide for unobstructed flow at culvert inlets and within ditch lines during and OAR 629 -625-0420 OAR 629-625-0330-ODF, Drainage

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1147 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
upon completion of road construction prior to the wet season. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Timing of In-Water Work

R 48 Conduct all no nemergency in- water work during the ODFW instream work window. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 44, p.276, R 65, p. 279.

Oregon guidelines for timing of in

- water work to protect fish and wildlife resources. ODFW 2008

OAR 629-625-0430 OAR 629 -625-0430-O DF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 49 Remove stream crossing culverts and entire in -channel fill material d uring ODFW instream work period. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 93, p. 283.

Oregon guidelines for timing of in

- water work to protect fish and wildlife resources. ODFW 2008 OAR 629-625-0650-ODF,Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradatio n OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Low-Water Ford Stream Crossings

R 50 Harden low water ford approaches with durable materials. Provide cross drainage on approaches. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 67, p. 279.

EPA 2005, pp.3 -50. OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 51 Restrict access to unimproved low water stream crossings. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 69, p. 280.

OAR 629 -625- 0430 (5) OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Nar rative OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 52 Use permanent low water fords in debris

- flow susceptible streams (e.g., concrete, well

- anchored concrete mats, etc.). USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 70, p. 28 0.

EPA 2005, pp. 3

- 50. OAR 629-625-0320-ODF, Stream Crossing Structures

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Maintaining Water Quality - Noxious Weeds

R 53 Locate equipment-washing sites in areas with no potential for runoff into wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the State . Do not use solvents or detergents to clean equipment on site. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Wa ter, R 75, p. 280.

DEQ 2005 , NS -5 OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7)

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1148 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Water Source Development and Use

R 54 Limit disturbance to vegetation and modification of streambanks when locating road approaches to in

- stream water source developments. Surface these approaches with durable material. Employ erosion and runoff control

measures. USDI BLM 20 08, Appendix I

- Water, R 102, p. 285. OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 55 Direct pass -through flow and/or overflow from in -channel and any connected off -channel water developments back into the stream. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 104, p. 285. OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 056 Overflow from water harvesting ponds should be directed to a safe non

eroding dissipation area, and not into a stream channel. USDI BLM 2008, Ap pendix I- Water, R 105, p. 285. OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 057 Limit the construction of temporary inchannel water drafting sites. Develop permanent water sources outside of stream channels and wetlands. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 106, p. 286.

DEQ 2005, NS -1 OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antideg radation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 058 Do not place pump intakes on the substrate or edges of the stream channel. When placing intakes instream, place on hard surfaces (e.g., shovel, rocks) to minimize turbidity. Use a temporary liner to create intake site. After completion of use, remove liner and restore channel to natural condition. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 107, p. 286.

DEQ 2005, NS -1 OAR 629 -625-0430- ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 059 Placement of road fill shall not be located in the proximity o f a public water supply intake (404(f) exemption criteria xi), in waters of the State. ACOE 404(f) exemption criteria xi OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007( 1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Erosion Control Measures

R 060 During roadside brushing, remove vegetation by cutting rather than uprooting. OAR 629 -625- 0430 (4) OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7)

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1149 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 061 Limit road and landing construction, reconstruction, or renovation activities to the dry season. Keep erosion control measures concurrent with ground disturbance to allow immediate stormproofing. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 9, p. 271. OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 062 Apply native seed and certified weed free mulch to cut and fill slopes, ditchlines, and waste disposal sites with the potential for sediment delivery to wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodpla ins and waters of the State. Apply upon completion of construction and as early as possible to in crease germination and growth. Reseed if necessary to accomplish erosion control. Select seed species that are fast growing, have adequate provide ample ground cover and soil-binding properties. Apply mulch that will stay in place and at site -specific rates to prevent erosion. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 17, p. 272. OAR 629 -625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 063 Place sediment-trapping materials or structures such as straw bales, jute netting, or sediment basins at the base of newly constructed fill or side slopes where sediment could be transported to waters of the State . Keep materials away from culvert outlets. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 14, p. 271, R 21, p. 272.

USDA FS 2002 Chapter 18 OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegrada tion OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 064 Use biotechnical stabilization and soil bioengineering techniques to control bank erosion (e.g., commercially produced matting and blankets, live plants or cuttings, dead plant material, rock or other inert structure). USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 54, p. 277.

USDA FS 2002, Chapters 18 and 20 OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narr ative OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 065 Suspend ground-disturbing activity if projected forecasted rain will saturate soils to the extent that there is potential for movement of sediment from the road to wetlands, floodplains, and waters of the State . Cover or temporarily stabilize exposed soils during work suspension. Upon completion of ground disturbing activities, immediately stabilize fill material over stream crossing structures. Measures could include but not limited to erosion control blankets and mats, soil binders, soil tackifiers, slash placement. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 57, p. 278, R 88, p. 282. OAR 629 -625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewi de Narrative OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 066 Apply fertilizer in a manner to prevent direct fertilizer entry to wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the State

. OAR 629-625-0440

Aquatic Resources Biological Opi nion NMFS-ARBO 2013. OAR 629-625-0440-ODF, Stabilization

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1),

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1150 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
(7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Road Use and Dust Abatement

R 067 Apply water or approved road surface stabilizers/dust control additives to reduce surfacing material loss and buildup of fine sediment that can enter into wetlands, floodplains and waters of the State. Prevent entry of road surface stabilizers/dust control additives into waters of the State during application. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 76, p. 281.

DEQ 2005, EP -13 OAR 629 -625-0600- ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

Road Maintenance

R 068 Prior to the wet season, provide effective road surface drainage maintenance. Clear ditch lines in sections where there is lowered capacity or obstructed by dry ravel, sediment wedges, small failur es, or fluvial sediment deposition. Remove accumulated sediment and blockages at

cross

- drain inlets and outlets. Grade natural surface and aggregate roads where the surface is uneven from surface erosion or vehicle rutting. Restore crowning, outsloping or insloping for the road type for effective runoff. Remove or provide outlets through berms on the road shoulder. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 81, R 84, R 85, p. 281.

OAR 629

- 625 0600 (2- 4)

EPA 2005, pp. 361

- 362. OAR 629 -625-0600- ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 069 Retain ground cover in ditch lines, except where sediment deposition or obstructions require mainten ance. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 86, p. 282. OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 070 Maintain water flow conveyance, sediment filtering and ditchline integrity by limiting ditchline disturbance and groundcover destruction when machine cleaning within 200 feet of road stream crossings. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewi de Narrative OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 071 Avoid undercutting of cut

- slopes when cleaning ditch lines. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 78, p. 281.

EPA 2005, p. 362 OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 072 Remove and dispose of slide material when it is obstructing road surface and ditchline drainage. Place material on stable ground outside of wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the State. Seed with native seed and weed-free mulch. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 79, p. 281.

OAR 629 -625- 0600 (6) OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 073 Do not sidecast loose ditch or surface material where it can enter wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I- Water, R 80, p. 281. OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ-Water Pollution:

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1151 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

waters of the State. OAR 629 -625- 0600 (7) Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 074 Retain low -growing vegetation on c utand -fill slopes. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 86, p. 282.

EPA 2005, EP -6 OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 075 Seed and mulch cleaned ditch lines and bare soils that drain directly to wetlands, floodplains, and waters of the State , with native species and weedfree mulch. OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Road Stormproofing

R 076 Inspect and maintain culvert inlets and outlets, drainage structures and ditches before and during the wet season to diminish the likelihood of plugge d culverts and the possibility of washouts. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 81, R 82, p. 281.

OAR 629 -625 - 0600 (3) OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1)

, (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 077 Repair damaged culvert inlets and downspouts to maintain drainage design capacity. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 82, p. 281.

OAR 629 -625 - 0600 (3) OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: An tidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 078 Blade and shape roads to conserve existing aggregate surface material retain or restore the original cross section, remove berms and other irre gularities that impede effective runoff or cause erosion, and ensure that surface runoff is directed into vegetated, stable areas. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 84, p. 281.

OAR 629 -625 - 0600 (4) OAR 629 -625-0600- ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 079 Stormproof open resource roads receiving infrequent maintenance to reduce road erosion and reduce the risk of washouts by concentrated water flows. Stormproof temporary roads if retained over -winter. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 87, p. 282.

OAR 629 -625- 0600 (2) OAR 629-625-0600-ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 3 40-041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 080 Suspend stormproofing/ decommissioning operations and cover or otherwise temporarily stabilize all exposed soil if conditions develop that cause a potential for sediment

- laden runoff to enter a wetland, floodplain or waters of the State. Resume operations when conditions allow turbidity standards to be met. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 88, p. 282. OAR 629 -625-0600- ODF, Road Maintenance

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

Road Closure and Decommissioning R 081 Inspect closed roads to ensure that OAR 629-625 -0650 (2) OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1152 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
vegetation stabilization measures are operating as planned, drainage structures are operational, and noxious weeds are not providing erosion control. Conduct vegetation treatments and drainage structure maintenance as needed. Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) S tatewide Narrative OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 082 Fully decommission temporary roads upon completion of use unless there is a foreseeable need for reuse. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 90, p. 283. OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 083 Prevent use of vehicular traffic utilizing methods such as gates, guard rails, earth/log barricades, t o reduce or eliminate erosion and sedimentation due to traffic on roads. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 91, p. 283.

OAR 629 -625 - 0650 (2) OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide N arrative OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 084 Convert existing drainage structures such as ditches and cross drain culverts to a long -term maintenance free drainage configuration such as an outsloped road surface and waterbars. USDI B LM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 92, p. 283.

OAR 629 -625 - 0650 (3) OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 085 Place and remove temporary stream crossings during the dry season, without overwintering, unless designed to accommodate the 100 -year theoretical flood. See also R 049. OAR 629 -625- 0430 (5) OAR 629-625-0430-ODF, Stream Protection

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 086 Place excavated material from removed stream crossings on stable ground outside of wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, an d waters of the State . In some cases, the material could be used for recontouring old road cuts or be spread across roadbed and treated to prevent erosion. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 94, p. 284. OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 087 Reestablish stream crossings to the natural stream gradient. Excavate sideslopes back to the natural bank profile. Reestablish n atural channel width and floodplain. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 95, p. 284. OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 088 On each side of a stream crossing, construct waterbars or cross ditches that will remain maintenance free. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 96, p. 284. OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ-Water Pollution:

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1153 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
OAR 629-625 -0650 (3) Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 089 Following culvert removal and prior to the wet season, apply erosion control and sediment trapping measures (e.g., seeding, mulching, straw bales, jute netting, and native vegetative cuttings) where sediment can be delivered into wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the State. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 97, p. 284.

OAR 629 -625 - 0650 (3) OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 090 Implement tillage measures, including ripping or subsoiling to an effective depth. Treat compacted areas including the roadbed, landings, construction areas, and spoils sites. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 98, p. 285. OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 091 After tilling the road surface, pull back unstable road fill and end -haul or contour to the natural slopes. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 99, p. 285. OAR 629-625-0650-ODF, Vacating Forest Roads

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Wet-Season Road Use

R 092 On active haul roads, during the wet season, use durable rock surfacing and sufficient rock depth to resist rutting or development of sediment on road surfaces that drain directly to wetlands, floodplains, and waters of the State. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 71, p. 280.

OAR 629 -625- 0700 (2) OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road Use

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 093 Prior to winter hauling activities, implement structural road treatments such as: increasing the frequency of

cros s drains, installing sediment barriers or catch basins, applying gravel lifts or asphalt road surfacing at stream crossing approaches, and armoring ditch lines. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 72, p. 280.

OAR 629 -625- 0700 (2) OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road Use

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 094 Suspend commercial use where the road wear surface is deteriorating by vehicular rut ting or standing water causing a mud layer, or where turbid runoff from the road is likely to reach waters of the State

. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 73, p. 280.

OAR 629 -625- 0700 (3) OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road Use

DEQ -Water Pollution: A ntidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 095 Remove snow on surfaced roads in a manner that will protect the road and adjacent resources. Retain a minimum layer (4 inches) of compacted snow on the road surface. Provide drainage through the snow bank at periodic USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 74, p. 280.

BLM snow removal letter. OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road Use

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1),

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1154 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

intervals to allow snowmelt to drain off the road surface. (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 096 Avoid removing snow from unsurfaced roads where runoff drains to waters of the State

. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation O AR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 097 Maintain road surface by applying appropriate gradation of aggregate and suitable particle hardness to protect road surfaces from rutting and erosion under active haul where runoff drains to wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the State. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 71, p. 280.

OAR 629 -625- 0700 (2) OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road Use

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 34 0-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 098 To reduce sediment tracking from natural surface roads during active haul, provide a gravel approach before entrance onto surfaced roads. OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road Use

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

R 099 Install temporary culverts and washed rock on top of low water ford to reduce vehicle contact with water during active haul. Remove culverts promptly after

use. OAR 629-625-0700-ODF, Wet Weather Road Use

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036



# Timber Harvest Activities
See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-2. Best management practices for timber harvest activities.
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
Cable Yarding

TH 1 Design yarding corridors to limit canopy loss in Riparian Reserves and to maintain effective shade. Techniques include limiting the number of such corrid ors, using narrow widths, and using the most perpendicular orientation to the stream feasible. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 2, p. 287. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036 Temperature OAR 340 -041-0028

TH 2 Trees felled for yarding corridors in the Riparian Reserve within a tree height distance of a stream channel would be directed toward the stream and left on site. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 3 Require full suspension over À owing streams, non - À owing streams with erodible bed and bank, and jurisdictional wetlands. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 3, p. 287. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1155 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

TH 4 When logging downhill into Riparian Reserves, design the logging system to prevent converging yarding trails from intersecting the stream network. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 4, p. 287. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

TH 5 Prevent streambank and hillslope disturbance on steep slopes (generally >60%) along stream channels, by yarding across the Riparian Reserve wit h full suspension or one-end suspension with seasonal restrictions, as needed. Yard the remaining areasacross the Riparian Reserve using oneend suspension USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 5, p. 287. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 6 Implement erosion control measures such as waterbars, slash placement, and seeding in cable yarding corridors where the potential for erosion and delivery to water bodies, À and seedi and wetlands exists. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 6, p. 288. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

Ground-Based Harvesting

TH 7 Exclude machinery from the Riparian Reserve inner zone, except for road and temporary skid trail crossings, restoration, and wild ¿ re operational

reasons. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 7, p. 288. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statew ide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028

TH 8 Exclude ground-based equipment on hydric soils, defined by the Timber Productivity Capability Classification (TPCC). USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 8, p. 288. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

TH 9 Limit detrimental ground disturbance (soil compaction, organic matter displacement, and alteration of soil structure) to 20% of the harvest unit area. This percentage includes permanent and temporary roads, landings, stockpiles, skid trails, and machinery built burn piles. Soil Quality Standards US DA FS 1998 DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 10 Limit designated skid trails for harvesting to  15 percent of the harvest unit area including legacy trails, where there are no other planned detrimental soil disturbances. Soil Quality Standards US DA FS 1998 DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 11 Limit width of skid roads to single width of what is operationally necessary for the equipment. Where multiple machines are used, provide a minimum sized pullout for passing. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 10, p. 288. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 12 Ensure one-end suspension of logs when skidding. Harvesting done with a
tr ack or wheel driven type machine must have an extendable and retractable arch and fair lead that is an integral part of the machine and is capable of lifting the leading end clear of the ground. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 11, p. 288. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 13 Restrict skidding and forwarding operations to periods of low soil moisture, frozen ground, or adequate snow cover when soils have the greatest strength to support equipment USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 12, p. 288. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1156 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
and increased resistance to compaction and displacement. The soil texture moisture limit, applied at the harvest unit level, would be 25% for clay/clay loam, 20% for loam/silt loam, and 15% for sandy/sandy loam.

TH 14 Use existing compacted surfaces (e.g. skid trails, landings), where feasible, for gr ound- based logging equipment, considering proper spacing, skid trail direction and location relative to terrain and stream channel features. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 13, p. 289. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 15 Limit conventional skidders and tracked equipment to slopes less than 35 percent, except when using legacy trails or accessing isolated ground based harvest areas requiring short trails (up to 100 feet) over steeper pitches without causing undue effects to soils. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 14, p. 289. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1)) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 16 Monitor use where specialized groundbased mechanized equipment (i.e. low psi tracked or wheeled or self

- leveling cabs with oversized tracks or tires) operate on slopes greater than 35%, and restrict where water and sediment could channel in overland flow. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 15, p. 289. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 17 Designate skid trails in locations that channel water from the trail surface away from water bodies

, À oodplains, and wetlands, or unstable areas adjacent to them. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 16, p. 289. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 18 Directionally fall trees to lead for skidding and skyline yarding to minimize ground disturbance when moving logs to skid trails and skyline corridors. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 17, p. 289. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Na rrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 19 Apply erosion control measures to skid trails and other disturbed areas with potential for erosion and subsequent sediment delivery to water bodies

, À oodplains, or wetlands. These practices could include seeding, mulching, water barring, tillage, and woody debris placement. Use guidelines from the road decommissioning section. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 18, p. 289. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antid egradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 20 Construct waterbars on skid trails using guidelines in Table C-5, where there is potential for soil erosion and delivery
to water bodies

, À oodplains, a nd wetlands. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 19, p. 289. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

TH 21 Subsoil skid trails, landings, or temporary roads where needed t o minimize surface runoff, improve soil structure and water movement through the roadbed. See also R 90. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, R 98, p. 285. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidi ty OAR 340-041-0036

TH 22 Block skid trails to prevent OHV and other unauthorized use at the end of seasonal use. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 21, p. 290. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1157 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

TH 23 Plan one-entry operations, by combining ground -based timber harvesting with pre -commercial thinning, and/or biomass opportunities, or reducing fuel loading. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 22, p. 290. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036
Helicopter

TH 24 Consider the use of helicopter or aerial logging systems to prevent water quality impacts from road construction or ground -ba sed timber yarding, where other BMPs would be more costly or have limited effectiveness. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 23, p. 290. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036 Temperature OAR 340 -041-0028

Horse

TH 25 Within Riparian Reserves, limit horse logging to slopes less than 20 percent. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 24, p. 290. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

TH 26 Construct waterbars on horse skid trails when there is potential for soil erosion and delivery to water bodies, À oodplains, and wetlands. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, TH 25, p. 290. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036



# Silvicultural Activities
See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-3. Best management practices for planting, pre-commercial thinning, and fertilization.
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
Planting and Pre-Commercial Thinning

S 1 Limit the crossing of stream channels with motorized support vehicles (e.g., ATV’s) and mechanized equipment to existing road crossings. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, S 1, p. 291. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrati ve OAR 340-041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

S 2 Scatter treatment debris on disturbed soils and water bar any equipment access trails that could erode and deposit sediment in water bodies, À oodplains, and wetlands. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, S 4, p. 291. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

Fertilization

S 3 For streams and water bodies that support domestic use, apply fertilizer further than 100 feet from the edge of the active channel or shoreline. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, S 5, p. 291. EPA 440/5-86-001,-10 mg/L nitrate nitrogen for domestic water supply.

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

S 4 Locate storage, transfer, and loading sites outside Riparian Reserves and separated from hydrological

conne ctions: (e.g., road ditches that are linked to stream channels). USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, S 6, p. 291. EPA 822-R-13-001 2013,-salmonid acute criterion, 17 mg total ammonia nitrogen/L at pH 7 and temperature of 20°C.

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegra dation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1158 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

S 5 When aerially applying fertilizer, avoid drift of fertilizer into water bodies. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, S 7,
p. 291. EPA 822-R-13-001 2013,-salmonid acute criterion, 17 mg total ammonia nitrogen/L at pH 7 and temperature of 20°C.

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

S 6 When aerially applying fertilizer, suspend fertilizer application when heavy precipitation is expected at the time of application. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, S 8, p. 292. EPA 822-R-13-001 2013,-salmonid acute criterion, 17 mg total ammonia nitrogen/L at pH 7 and temperature of 20°C.

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033



# Fire and Fuels Management
See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-4. Best management practices for fire and fuel management.
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
Underburn, Jackpot Burn, and Broadcast Burn

F 1 Keep broadcast burns and jackpot burns out of Riparian Reserves inner zone, unless prescribed for restoration purposes, e.g., sudden oak death sanitatio n, improve species composition, invigorate deciduous trees. Locate ignition lines above large open meadows associated with stream channels, unless prescribed for restoration. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 1, p. 293. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradatio n OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036 Temperature OAR 340 -041-0028

F 2 Reduce fuel loads by whole tree yarding, and piling material, as necessary, prior to under burning in dry forest types where fuel loads are elevated. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 2, p. 293. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028

F 3 Avoid direct ignition or ignition by a backing

- in fire of large woody material that is touching the high water mark of a water body or that may be affected by high À ows. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 3, p. 293. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028

F 4 Avoid delivery of chemical retardant foam or additives to water bodies , and wetlands. Store and dispose of ignition devices/ materials (e.g., À ares, plastic spheres, etc.) outside Riparian Reserves or a minimum of 100 feet from water bodies

, À oodplains, and wetlands. Maintain and refuel equipment (e.g., USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 4, p. 293. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria O AR 340-041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1159 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
drip torches, chainsaws) a minimum of 100 feet from water bodies, À oodplains, and wetlands. Portable pumps can be refueled on -site within a spill containment system.

F 5 Limit ¿ re lines inside Riparian Reserves. Construct ¿ re lines by hand on all slopes greater than 35 percent and inside the Riparian Reserve inner zone. Use erosion control techniques such as tilling, waterbarring, or debris placement on ¿ re lines when there is potential for soil erosion and delivery to water bodies, À oodplains, and wetlands. Space the waterbars as shown in Table C

- 5. Avoid placement of any ¿ re line where water would be directed into water bodies

, À oodplains, wetlands, headwalls, or areas of instability. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 5, p. 294. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

Pile and Burn

F 6 Avoid mechanical or hand piling in the Riparian Reserve inner zone. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 6, p. 294. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Mechanical and Manual Fuel Treatments

F 7 Prevent mechanical fuel reduction equipment within the Riparian Reserve inner zone, unless prescribed for restoration.

Limit mechanical fuel reduction equipment to sl opes less than 35 percent. Restrict non - track mechanized equipment, e.g., feller bunchers, horizontal bar masticators, to slopes less than 20 percent. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 7, p. 294. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) S tatewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

F 8 Use temporary stream crossings if necessary to access the opposite side with any e quipment or vehicles (including ATVs). Follow Temporary Stream Crossing practices under Roads section. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 8, p. 294. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

F 9 Place residual slash on severely burned areas, where there is potential for sediment delivery into water bodies

, floodplains and wetlands. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 9, p. 294. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Wildfire Suppression

F 10 Limit ¿ relines inside Riparian Reserves. Where hand constructed ¿ relines are necessary in Riparian Reserves, angle the approach, where feasible, rather than have it perpendicular to the Riparian Reserve.

Limit heavy equipment to slopes less than 35 percent. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 5, p.294, F 11, p. 295. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidi ty OAR 340-041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1160 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
Locate fire lines to minimize directing water into water bodies, wetlands, headwalls, or areas of instability. Use erosion control techniques such as tilling, waterbarring, or debris placement on fire lines when there is potential for soil erosion and delivery
to water bodies

, À oodplains, and wetlands. Space waterbars as shown in Table C

- 5. Block dozer lines and roads or landing intersections with an approved barricade and/or scattered slash to preclude OHV use.

F 11 Prevent cutting of logs or woody material if any portion of that material extends into the stream channel, unless for restoration.

Fall snags in the Riparian Reserve towards the stream channel when felling is necessary for safety or ¿ re suppression activities. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 12, p. 295. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

F 12 Avoid locating incident bases, camps, helibases, staging areas, constructed helispots, and other centers for incident activities in Riparian Reserves or within 200 feet of any waterbody, À oodplain, or wetland. Water drafting sites for engines and tankers would be permitted. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 13, p. 295. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1)) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036 Temperature OAR 340 -041-0028

F 13 Locate and maintain portable sanitation facilities at incident bases, camps (including spike/ remote camps), helibases, staging areas, constructed helispots, and other centers for incident activities in accordance with state and local regulations. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 14, p. 295. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009

F 14 Avoid application of chemical retardant, foam, or other chemicals to waterways, maintain a 300 ft. buffer (FA -IM-2008- 029), unless the wildfire is deemed a threat to human safety or private property.

Apply aerial retardant adjacent to Riparian Reserves by making parallel
passes. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 15, p. 295. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033

Rehabilitation

F 15 Implement emergency ¿ re rehabilitation treatments to accomplish erosion control as quickly as possible and before the wet season.

Soil and water conservation practices may include, but are not restricted to:

Native vegetation for short

- term cover development and long

- term recovery, unless not available in quantities necessary for the emergency response. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 16, p. 296.

Interagency Burned Area Emergency Response Guidebook; Interpretation of Department of the Interior 620 DM 3 and USDA Forest Service Manual 2523 For the DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Bioc riteria OAR 340-041-0011 TurbidityOAR 340 -041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1161 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

Mulch with straw, wood chips, or other suitable material. To avoid introducing noxious weeds when mulching, use certi ¿ ed weed

- free straw mulch or rice straw where available.

Straw wattles placed on the contour at adequate spacing between each row to capture eroded material without overflowing. Embed to the surface of the soil in slight trench to prevent undermining.

Log erosion barriers placed and anchored similarly to straw wattles.

Spreading available cut vegetation or slash on bare soils.

Placing channel sedim ent retention or stabilization structures.

Placing trash racks for debris above road drainage structures.

Installing drainage structures, such as waterbars or drainage dips, on ¿ re lines, ¿ re roads, and other cleared areas according to guidelines in Table 5 (Waterbar spacing by gradient and erosion class).

Repairing damaged road drainage facilities such as flattened or ripped culvert ends, burned out plastic pipes or cleaning ditch lines of materials that impede natural flow

Blocking or decommissioning roads and trails. Emergency Stabilization of Federal and Tribal Trust Lands Version 4.0 February 2006

Post-Fire Road Repair

F 16 Implement emergency ¿ re rehabilitation treatments to accomplish erosion control as quickly as possible and before the wet season.

Soil and water conservation practices may include, but are not restricted to:

Reduce road system hydrologic conductivity though proper grading, culvert spacing, and installing drivable dips.

Replace culverts to increase peak À ow capacity of stream crossing culverts to accommodate the 100 -year design À ood. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 17, p. 297.

Interagency Burned Area Emergency Response Guidebook; Interpretation of Department of the Interior 620 DM 3 and USDA Forest Service Manual 2523 For the Emergency Stabilization of Federal and Tribal Trust Lands Version 4.0 February 2006 DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1162 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
Prevent culvert plugging.

Correct stream diversions. Fuel/Retardant Transport

F 17 If more than 42 gallons of fuel or combined quantity of petroleum product and chemical substances would be transported to a project site, the following precautions would be implemented. 1. Plan a safe route and transfer sites that cou ld contain the transported volume. 2. Plan an active dispatch system that can relay the information to appropriate

resources. 3. Ensure a spill containment kit that can absorb and contain 55 gallons of petroleum product and chemical substances is readily a vailable. 4. Provide for immediate noti ¿ cation in the event of a spill. Have a radio equipped vehicle lead the chemical or fuel truck to the project site. 5. Assemble a spill noti ¿ cation list that includes the district hazardous materials coordinator, DEQ, and spill clean -up contractors. 6. Construct a water user contact list with address and phone numbers. 7. When operating within Source Water Watersheds, pre- estimate travel times through the watershed to predict downstream arrival times. 8. Be prepared to sample water and carry sample containers. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, F 18, p. 297. [40 CFR 112] -Oil Pollution Prevention. Reportable quantity is forty

- two U.S. Gallons not involving waterways, a visible sheen where waterways are involved.

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (12) and (13) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033



### Table I-5. Water bar spacing by gradient and erosion class.

Gradient Water Bar Spacing a 

### (Feet) Per Erosion Class b 

### High Class Moderate Class Low Class 2-5% 200 300 400 6-10% 150 200 300 11-15% 100 150 200 16-20% 75 100 150 21-35% 50 75 100 36+% 50 50 50

a Spacing is determined by slope distance and is the maximum allowed for the grade.
b The erosion classes include the following rock types: High: Granite, sandstone, andesite porphyry, glacial or alluvial deposits, soft matrix conglomerate, volcanic ash, and pyroclastics. Moderate: Basalt, andesite, quartzite, hard matrix conglomerate, and rhyolite. Low: Metasediments, metavolcanics, and hard shale.

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1163 | Page 

# Surface Source Water For Drinking Water
See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices

Table I-6. Best management practices for surface source water for drinking water protection.
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

SW 1 Sanitary facilities would be planned, located, designed, constructed, operated, inspected, and maintained, to minimize water contamination. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 1, p. 299. DEQ-Water Pollution: Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)

SW 2 Locate contractor camps outside DEQ sensitive zones in drinking water source areas for public water systems. If this is not possible, require self -contained sanitary facilities. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 2, p. 299.

DEQ Drinking Water Protection Pro gram http://www.deq.state.or. us/wq/dwp/swcountym ap.htm DEQ -Water Pollution: Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)

SW 3 Require self-contained sanitary facilities in surface source water watersheds, when long

- term camping (greater than 14 days) is involved with contract implementation. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 3, p. 299. DEQ-Water Pollution: Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 3 40-041- 0007(1), (13)

SW 4 Provide self -contained sanitary facilities when there is high recreational use (almost continuous occupancy) inside DEQ sensitive zones within drinking water source areas for public water systems, known domestic source water watersheds, or Riparian Reserves inner zone. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 4, p. 299.

DEQ Drinking Water Protection Program http://www.deq.state.or. us/wq/dwp/swcountym ap.htm DEQ -Water Pollution: Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)

SW 5 Locate pack and riding, facilities outside DEQ sensitive zones within drinking water source areas for public water systems, known domestic source water watersheds, or Riparian Reserves inner zone. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 5, p. 299.

DEQ Drinking Water Protection Program http://www.deq.state.or. us/wq/dwp/swcountym ap.htm DEQ -Water Pollution: Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1)

, (13)

SW 6 Do not allow surface occupancy within 200 feet of a known domestic water source or within DEQ sensitive zones in drinking water source areas for public water systems. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 6, p. 299.

DEQ Drinking Water Protectio n Program http://www.deq.state.or. us/wq/dwp/swcountym ap.htm DEQ -Water Pollution: Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)

SW 7 Do not apply sewage sludge as a soil amendment within drinking water source areas for public water systems, known domestic source water watersheds, or Riparian Reserves. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 7, p. 300.

DEQ Drinking Water Protection Program http://www.deq.state.or. DEQ -Water Pollution: Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1164 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
us/wq/dwp/swcountym ap.htm

SW 8 Avoid loading, or storing chemical, fuel, or fertilizer in DEQ s ensitive zones within drinking water source areas for public water systems, known domestic source water watersheds, or Riparian Reserves inner zone. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 8, p. 300.

DEQ Drinking Water Protection Program http://www.deq.state.or. us/wq/dwp/swcountym ap.htm DEQ -Water Pollution: Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)

SW 9 Conduct equipment maintenance outside DEQ sensitive zones within drinking water source areas for public water systems, known domestic source water watersheds, or Riparian Reserves inner zone. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 9, p. 300.

DEQ Drinking Water Protection Program http://www.deq.state.or. us/wq/dwp/swcountym ap.htm DEQ -Water Pollution: Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)

SW 10 Use non -oil- based dust suppressants within surface source water watersheds. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 10, p. 300. DEQ-Water Pollution: Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)

SW 11 Use ¿ re retardant and surfactants as a last resort in ¿ re suppression activities within surface source water watersheds. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SW 11, p. 300. DEQ-Water Pollution: Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)



# Recreation
See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-7. Best management practices for recreation management
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

All Recreation Facilities

REC 1 Implement erosion control measures at recreation sites to stabilize exposed soils where water flows or sed iment

, may reach water bodies. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 1, p. 301. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 2 Locate new recreational facilities, developed and dispersed sites, outside of the water in À uence area. Low impact uses, such as hiking trails, picnic sites, or water dependent facilities (e.g., boat ramps or docks), are excluded. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 2, p. 301. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028 Developed Recreation Sites

REC 3 Self-contained sanitary facilities would be used at all developed recreational facilities, unless a sewage system and drain ¿ eld is approved by the Department of Environmental Quality. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 3, p. 301. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009

REC 4 When conducting recreation site maintenance, do not cut portions of USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I-Water, DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1)

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1165 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
logs or coarse woody debris that fall across the active stream channel. Keep adequate lengths of material on the banks to anchor it in place. If not possible to make the log stable, it may be removed. REC 5, p. 301. Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

Water Dependent Facilities

REC 5 Construct boat ramps and approaches with hardened surfaces. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 6, p. 301. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV) Trails

REC 6 Use existing stream crossings to the extent possible when constructing trails through Riparian Reserves. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 7, p. 301. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 7 When constructing or maintaining trails within Riparian Reserves, do not cut the portion of logs or coarse woody debris that extend into the active stream channel. Provide for adequate stabilization of the logs if not doing so would create a safety hazard. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 8, p. 302. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 T urbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 8 Stream crossings would be designed to accommodate active channel width, bed load, and ¿ sh passage and exceeding capacity for the 100

- year À ood event. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 10, p. 302. DEQ-Water Pollution: Ant idegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 9 Suspend construction or maintenance of trails, where erosion and runoff into water bodies would occur. USDI BLM 2008, Ap pendix I-Water, REC 11, p. 302. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 10 Locate staging areas outside Riparian Reserves. Design or upgrade staging areas to prevent s ediment/pollutant delivery to wetlands, À oodplains, and water bodies , e.g., rocking or hardening, drainage through grading or shaping. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 12, p. 302. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (12) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

REC 11 Harden trail approaches to stream crossings using materials such as geotextile fabric and rock aggregate. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 1 3, p. 302. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

REC 12 Drain dips or drainage features would be installed on approaches to stream crossings as needed to divert runoff and reinforced with rock for longevity. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 14, p. 302. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 13 When constructing bridges or walkw ays over streams or water bodies, avoid use of chemically treated materials at water level contact points, where leachate or solids may enter soil
or water. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 15, p. 302. DEQ -Water Pollution: Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (10)

REC 14 Use a temporary À ow diversion bypass to minimize downstream turbidity, when constructing perennial stream USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 16, p. 302. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340-041-0007(1)

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1166 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations
crossings (See Roads Section for Stream Crossing BMPs.). Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 15 Prevent vehicle access to nearby wetlands by using suitable barriers. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 17, p. 303. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (12) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340 -041-0033 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 16 Where trails intersect road ditches, provide erosion resistant crossings. Divert water from the trail to keep from reaching wetlands, À oodplains, and water bodies. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 18, p. 303. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 34 0-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

REC 17 If trail width is too wide for the designated use (such as old roads converted to trails), consider tilling one side of the trail, covering with brush, and seeding or planting. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 19, p. 303. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

REC 18 Repair rills and gullies to keep sediment from reaching wetlands, À oodplains, and water bodies. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 20, p. 303. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 19 Water bars, drain dips, and lead off ditches will be constructed or repaired as needed. These features may need rock reinforcement to promote longevity. Self

- maintaining drain dips or lead

- off features are the preferred design. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 21, p. 303. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

REC 20 Drain dips or lead off ditches would be constructed on steeper gradient trails and approaches to stream crossings. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 22, p. 303. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Trails (Hiking)

REC 21 When constructing or maintaining trails within Riparian Reserves, do not cut any portion of logs or coarse woody debris that extend into the active stream channel. Use alternative passage options, such as earthen ramps, small notch steps, or slight trail realignments, to facilitate maintenance of intact logs. Cut and stabilize if necessary for safe passage and safety. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 23, p. 303. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041- 004(1) Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

Trail Closure

REC 22 Remove existing stream crossings or bridges (See Road Decommissioning. BMPs ). USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 24, p. 303. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (8) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 23 Position ¿ ll or waste material in a location that would avoid direct or indirect sediment discharge to streams or wetlands. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 25, p. 304. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

REC 24 Restored stream banks would be planted with native vegetation,mulched, and then planted with watertolerant species where appropriate. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, RE C 26, p. 304. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1167 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

REC 25 Barricade and allow nearby vegetation to grow into closed trails. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 27, p. 304. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Dispersed Recreation

REC 26 Site camps for permitted group overnight camping would be greater than 100 feet from surface wate r. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, REC 28, p. 304. DEQ-Water Pollution: Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Antidegradation OAR 340 -041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (13)



# Range Management
See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-8. Best management practices for grazing.
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

G 1 Fence water developments, including springs and seeps, unless other methods are available. Pipe over À ow away from the developed source area. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, G 1, p. 305. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -04l-0004 Statewide Narrative OAR 34 0-041-0007(1) Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340 -041-0016 Temperature OAR 340 -041-0028 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

G 2 Do not locate salting areas within 1⁄4 mile of permanent water sources or Riparian Reserves. U SDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, G 2, p. 305. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -04l-0004 Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340 -041-0016 Temperature OAR 340 -041-0028 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

G 3 Locate new permanent livestock handling or management facilities (corrals, pens, or holding pastures) outside Riparian Reserves or 200 feet from water bodies and on level ground where drainage would not enter surface
waters

. Make changes as necessary to existing facilities within Riparian Reserves to meet water quality standards and regulations. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, G 3, p. 305. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -04l-0004 Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340 -041-0016 Temperature OAR 340 -041-0028 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

G 4 Apply speci ¿ c grazing strategies for riparian wetland areas, including timing, intensity, or exc lusion for maintenance of proper functioning condition.

Use one or more of the following features:

Inclusion of the water bodies, À oodplains, and wetlands within a USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, G 4, p. 306. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation O AR 340-04l-0004 Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340 -041-0016 Temperature OAR 340 -041-0028 Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1168 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

separate pasture.

Fence or herd livestock out of water bodies

, À oodplains, and wetlands f or as long as necessary to allow vegetation to

recover.

Control the timing and intensity of grazing to keep livestock off stream banks when they are most vulnerable to damage and to coincide with the physiological needs of target plant species.

Add more rest to the grazing cycle to increase plant vigor, allow stream banks to revegetate, or encourage more desirable plant species composition.

Limit grazing intensity to a level that will maintain desired species composition and vigor.

Permanently exclude livestock from those water bodies

, À oodplains, and wetlands areas that are at high risk and have poor recovery potential, and when there is no practical way to protect them while grazing adjacent uplands.

G 5 Recover degraded water bodies through adjustments to forage utilization levels, improved livestock distribution, and management through fencing, vegetation treatments, water source developments, or changes in season of use or livestock numbers. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, G 5, p. 306. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340 -04l-0004 Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Bacteria OAR 340 -041-0009 Biocriteria OAR 340 -041-0011 Dissolved Oxygen OAR 340 -041-0016 Temperature OAR 340 -041-0028 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036



# Minerals (Salable)
See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-9. Best management practices for minerals (salable).
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

Salable Minerals

M 1 Locate stockpile sites on stable ground where the material would not move into water bodies

, À oodplains, and wetlands. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, M 18, p. 309. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antid egradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

M 2 Stabilize and control erosion of overburden and stockpiles. Separate and windrow or stockpile topsoil for use in reclamation. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -W ater, M 10, p. 308. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

M 3 Locate, design, and construct salable mineral sites to control runoff and prevent or minimize sediment delivery USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, M 18, p. 309. OAR 629-625-0500-ODF, Rock Pits and Quarries

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1169 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

to streams.

Prevent overburden, solid wastes, drainage water or petroleum products from entering wetlands, Riparian Reserves, flood plains and waters of the State. OAR 629 -625- 0500 1-5 DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

M 5 Outslope quarry floors to provide for adequate drainage o f the floor and away from stream channels. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

M 6 Locate, design, and maintain settling ponds to contain sediment di scharges. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I- Water, M 1, p. 309. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

M 7 When a quarry or rock pit is depleted or vacated, stabilize cutbanks, headwalls, and other surfaces to prevent surface erosion and landslides. Close roads, excavations, and crusher pads in accordance with Roads and Landings section. Remove all potential pollutants to prevent their entry into wetlands, Riparian Reserves, floodplains, and waters of the State. OAR 629 -625-0500

DEQ 2005 NS - 6 OAR 629 -625-0500-ODF, Rock Pits and Quarries

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

M 8 Use erosion -re duction practices, such as seeding, mulching, silt fences, and woody debris placement, to limit erosion and transport of sediment to streams from quarries. Provide drainage from stockpiles and mineral sites, dispersed over stable vegetated areas rather than directly into stream channels. Grade all material sites, where practicable to conform with the surrounding topography prior to closure. Utilized topsoil as a medium to for successful revegetation. Reseed and plant trees, where needed. US DI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, M 2 2, p. 309. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036



# Spill Prevention and Abatement See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-10. Best management practices for spill prevention and abatement.
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Re gulations
Operations Near Water bodies

SP 1 Take precautions to prevent leaks or spills of petroleum products, e.g., fuel, motor oil, and hydraulic fluid, from

en tering the waters of the State. [40 CFR 112] OAR 629 -620-0100 (2) [40 CFR 112]-Oil Pollution Prevention. Reportable quantity is a visible sheen where waterways are involved.

OAR 629 -620-0100-ODF, Chemical and Other Petroleum Product Rules

DEQ-Water Pollution:

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1170 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Re gulations
Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (12) and ( 13) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

SP 2 Take immediate action to stop and contain leaks or spills of chemicals and other petroleum products. Notify the Oregon Emergency Response System, through the District Hazard Materials specialist, of any spill that enters the waters of the State

. [40 CFR 112] OAR 629 -620- 0100(3), (4) [40 CFR 112]-Oil Pollution Prevention. Reportable quantity is a visible sheen where waterways are involved.

OAR 629 -620-0100-ODF, Chemical and Other Petro leum Product Rules

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (12) and (13) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1171 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Re gulations

SP 3 Inspect and clean heavy equipment as necessary prior to moving on to the project site, in order to remove oil and grease, noxious weeds, and excessive soil.

Inspect hydrau lic À uid and fuel lines on heavy -mechanized equipment for proper working condition.

Where possible, maintain and refuel equipment a minimum of 100 feet away from streams and other water bodies

, except small equipment e.g. chainsaws or water pumps. Refuel small equipment from no more than 5

- gallon containers. Use absorbent material or a containment system to prevent spills when re -fueling small equipment within the stream margins or near the edge of water bodies.

In the event of a spill or release, all reasonable and safe actions to contain the material will be taken. Speci ¿ c actions are dependent on the nature of the material spilled.

Use spill containment booms or as required by DEQ. Have access to booms and other absorbent containment materials.

Immediately remove waste or spilled hazardous materials (including but not limited to diesel, oil, hydraulic À uid) and contaminated soils near any stream or other water body, and dispose of it/them in accordance with the applicable regulatory standard. Notify Oregon Emergency Response System of any spill over the material reportable quantities, and any spill not totally cleaned up after 24 hours.

Store equipment containing Reportable Quantities of toxic À uids outside of Riparian Reserves. USDI BLM 2008, Appendi x I- Water, SP 1, p. 311. [40 CFR 112] -Oil Pollution Prevention. Reportable quantity is forty

- two U.S. Gallons not involving waterways, a visible sheen where waterways are involved.

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrati ve OAR 340-041- 0007(1), (12) and (13) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1172 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Re gulations

SP 4 If more than 42 gallons of fuel or combined quantity of petroleum product and chemical substances, as project materials, would be transported to a pr oject site, the following precautions will be implemented. 1. Plan a safe route and material transfer sites so that all spilled material will be contained easily at that designated location. 2. Plan an active dispatch system that can relay the information to appropriate

resources. 3. Ensure a spill containment kit that can absorb and contain 55 gallons of petroleum product and chemical substances is readily available. 4. Provide for immediate no ti ¿ cation to OERS in the event of a spill. Have a radio -equipped vehicle lead the chemical or fuel truck to the project site. 5. Assemble a spill noti ¿ cation list that includes the district hazardous materials coordinator, DEQ, and spill clean -up contractors. 6. Construct a downstream water user contact list with addresses and phone numbers. 7. When operating within Source Water watersheds, pre

- estimate water À ow travel times through the watershed to predict downstream arrival times. 8. Be prepared to sampl e water and carry sample containers. Be prepared to assist OSP and ODFW to assess wildlife impacts of any material spilled. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SP 2, p. 312. [40 CFR 112] -Oil Pollution Prevention. Reportable quantity is forty

- two U.S. Gallons not involving waterways, a visible sheen where waterways are involved.

DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (12) and (13) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

Spill Abatement

SP 5 Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure Plan (SPCC): All operators shall develop a modi ¿ ed SPCC plan prior to initiating project work if there is a potential risk of chemical or petroleum spills near water bodies. The SPCC plan will include the appropriate containers and design of the material transfer locations. No interim fuel depot or storage location other than a manned transport vehicle would be used USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, SP 3, p. 312. [40 CFR 112] -Oil Pollution Prevention. Reportable quantity is forty

- two U.S. Gallons not involving waterways, a visible sheen where waterways are involved.

OAR -340-142-0030- DEQ, Oil and Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Requirements

SP 6 Spill Containment Kit (SCK): All operators shal l have a SCK as described in the SPCC plan on -site during any operation with potential for

run

- off to adjacent water bodies. The SCK will be appropriate in size and type for the oil or hazardous material carried by the operator. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -W ater, SP 4, p. 313. OAR -340-142-0030- DEQ, Oil and Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Requirements

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1173 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Re gulations

SP 7 Operators shall be responsible for the clean

- up, removal, and proper disposal of contaminated materials from the site. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Wat er, SP 5, p. 313. OAR-340-102-DEQ, Standards Applicable to Generators of Hazardous Waste

OAR -340-122- DEQ, Hazardous Substance Remedial Action Rules



# Restoration See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

Table I-11. Best management practices for restoration activities
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

RST 1 Con ¿ ne work in the stream chann els to the low À ow period unless a waiver is obtained from the permitting agencies. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, RST 1, p. 314

. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

RST 2 In stream channels that are sensitive to disturbance (e.g., meadow streams), do not drive heavy equipment in À owing channels and À oodplains. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, RST 2 , p. 314. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antid egradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

RST 3 In well-armored channels that are resistant to damage (e.g., bedrock, small boulder, or cobble dominated), consider conducting the majority of heavy -equipment work from within the channel, during low stream À ow, to minimize damage to sensitive riparian

areas. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I- Water, RST 3, p. 314. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028

RST 4 Design access routes for individual work sites to reduce exposure of bare soil and extensive stream bank shaping. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I- Water, RST 4, p. 314. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegra dation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

RST 5 Limit the number and length of equipment access points through Riparian Reserves. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I- Water, RST 5, p. 314. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028

RST 6 Limit the amount of stream bank excavation to the minimum necessary to ensure stability of enhancement structures. Provide isolation from À owing water during excavation. Place excavated material above the À ood prone area and cover or place a berm to avoid its reentry into the stream during high À ow events. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, RST 6 , p. 314. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Temperature OAR 340-041-0028

RST 7 Inspect all mechanized equipment daily for leaks and c lean as necessary to ensure that toxic materials, such as fuel and hydraulic À uid, do not enter the
stream. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I- Water, RST 7, p. 314. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (1 2) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1174 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Quality Standards and Regulations

Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

RST 8 Locate equipment storage areas at least 100 -feet from any water feature, including machinery used in stream channels for more than one day. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I- Water, RST 8, p. 315. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (12) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

RST 9 When using heavy equipment in or adjacent to stream channels during restoratio n activities, develop and implement an approved spill containment plan that includes having a spill containment kit on -site and at previously identi ¿ ed containment locations. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I- Water, RST 9, p. 315. DEQ Water Pollution: Antidegradat ion OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (12) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

RST 10 Refuel equipment, including chainsaws and other hand power tools, at least 100 feet from water bodies (or as far as possible from the water body where local site conditions do not allow a 100- foot setback) to prevent direct delivery of contaminants into a water body. USDI BLM 2008, Ap pendix I- Water, RST 10, p. 315. DEQ Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (12) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Toxic Substances OAR 340-041-0033

RST 11 Use waterbars, barricades, seeding, and mulching to stabilize bare soil areas along project access routes prior to the
wet season. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I

- Water, RST 11, p. 315

. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

RST 12 Prior to the wet season, rehabilitate and stabilize disturbed areas where soil will support seed growth by seeding and planting with native seed mixes or plants, or using erosion control matting. USDI BLM 2008, Ap pendix I- Water, RST 12, p. 315. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

RST 13 When replacing culverts design placement location, crossing type, and installation depth to avoid excessive scour through the site, consider installation of grade control structures e.g., boulder vortex weirs or boulder step weirs USDI BLM 2008, Ap pendix I- Water, RST 13, p. 315. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

RST 14 Rehabilitate headcu ts and gullies. USDI BLM 2008, Ap pendix I- Water, RST 14, p. 315. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

RST 15 Implement measures to control turbidity. Measures may include installation of turbidity control structures (e.g., isolation, diversion, or silt curtains) immediately downstream of in -stream restoration work areas. Remove these structures following completion of turbidity generating activities. USDI BLM 2008, Appendix I -Water, RST 15, p. 315. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041-0007(1) Biocriteria OAR 340-041-0011 Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036



# Dry Forest Specific BMPs
See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations that are associated with the best management practices.

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1175 | Page Soils of concern in the dry forest area include those with a high potential for severe surface erosion, soil creep, periodic slumping (even when not overly saturated), and low nutrient potential. These soils weathered from granite, schist, and pyroclastic materials. They are predominately located in the Medford District but also found in the southern end of the Roseburg District and the Klamath Falls Field Office. On the Medford District, concentrations of these vulnerable soils occur in Evans, Snow, Sugar, and Meadow Creeks, upper portions of Williams Creek and headwaters of Birdseye Creek. These soils are mapped as fragile soils within the decision area. Limiting disturbance is key to keeping these soils in place; particularly from ground-based operations.

The Timber Production Capability Classification (TPCC) and Handbook (5251-1) involves mapping, with discrete mapping units and interpretations of timbered lands. The classification uses geology, landform, topographic position, climate (especially precipitation), soil properties, and vegetation. Lands with the capacity to erode excessively or prone to movement, e.g., creep or slump, are denoted with either a fragile code of FM (surface erosion potential) or FP (mass movement potential). Sites could have varying severity of either of these conditions. Management activities and restrictions would be scaled to reflect the differences in erosion or mass movement potential.

Table I-12. Timber Production Capability Classification soil categories of concern. Category Description of Soil Categories Surface Erosion FM These sites have soil surface horizons that are highly erodible, easily detached and subject to bouncing or sliding downhill (dry ravel), even if partially vegetated. The soils overlay intrusive volcanic bedrock, e. g., granite, diorite, or schist. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) provides a Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation soil loss tolerance factor, known as T fac tor. It ranges from a low of 1 on shallow soils, 1- 10 inches depth, to a 5 on soils deeper than 60 inches. This factor describes the maximum rate of annual soil loss in tons/acre that can be lost and still permit crop productivity to sustain economically and indefinitely. Disturbances from harvesting or burning create increased dry raveling of soil, los ses of soil nutrients, and burying of newly planted seedlings. Classification coding may be FMR for suitable lands or FMNW for non-suitable lands. Mass Movement FP These sites range from gentle to moderately steep slopes, ten to sixty percent, where the rate of sliding is slow enough to permit forest management, but with some loss in wood quality in certain areas. Sites may have an impervious clay pan overlaying pyroclastic bedrock, e.g., volcanic tuffs, breccia, and are subject to movement. Tree roots pr oviding strength andcertain landforms act as resisting forces, while gravity and soil moisture may initiate nonuniform spatial and temporal rates of movement. Slow deep seated, slump or earth flow types of mass movements may occur, forming an undulating topography. Classification coding may be FPR for suitable lands or FPNW for non-suitable lands.

Table I-13. Additional dry forest best management practices (refer to Table X [C-12] for category type).
BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Qual ity Standards and Regulations
Roads and Landings: General Construction, Maintenance Timber Harvest: Cable Yarding

DF 01 Use full suspension whenever possible on TPCC soils identi ¿ ed as prone to surface erosion, category FM in Table C -12. Use one-end susp ension on these soils if full suspension is not practicable. Restrict yarding to the dry season, generally from June to end of September. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I-Water, MFO 1, p. 317. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1176 | Page BMP Number Best Management Practices Source Water Qual ity Standards and Regulations
Use one-end suspension on TPCC soils identi ¿ ed as prone to mass movement, category FP in Table C -12. Restrict yarding to the dry season. Timber Harvest: Ground-Based

DF 02 Limit ground-based yarding equipment to slopes less than 20% on TPCC soils identi ¿ ed as category FM or FP in Table C

- 12, where soils include less than 20% clay. Limit ground -based yarding equipment to slopes less than 35%, on TPCC soils identi ¿ ed as category FM or FP in Table C -12, where soils include greater than 20% clay

. Avoid tilling on TPCC soils identi ¿ ed as category FM or FP in Table C

- 12, unless adequate ground cover is present to arrest potential sediment transport. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I-Water, MFO 2, p. 317. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

Fire and Fuels Management

DF 03 Avoid mechanical piling to limit severe surface disturbance and displacement on T PCC soils identi ¿ ed as category FM or FP in Table C-12. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I-Water, MFO 3, p. 318. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

DF 04 Allow ground-based equipment on TPCC soils identi ¿ ed as category FM or FP in Table C

- 12, where slopes are less than 20% and clay content is less than 20%. Limit ground -based equipment to slopes less than 35%, where clay contents are greater than 20%. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I-Water, MFO 4, p. 318. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

Wild ¿ re: Suppression

DF 05 Limit the use of track driven heavy machinery and other major surface

disturbing activities to slopes of 20% or less on TPCC soils identi ¿ ed as category FM or FP in Table C-12. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I-Water, MFO 5, p. 318. DEQ-Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 Rights-of-Way

DF 06 Avoid facility construction on soils identi ¿ ed on TPCC soils identified as the FM category in Table C

- 12, unless water quality would be maintained.

Locate rights -of-ways to minimize surface disturbance on T PCC soils identi ¿ ed as category FM or FP in Table C-12. USDI BLM 2008, A ppendix I-Water, MFO 6, p. 318. DEQ -Water Pollution: Antidegradation OAR 340-041-0004(1) Statewide Narrative OAR 340 -041- 0007(1), (7) Turbidity OAR 340 -041-0036

## Appendix I

– Best Management Practices

1177 | Page 

## References DEQ and USDI BLM. 2011. Memorandum of understanding between United States Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, and State of Oregon Dept. of Environmental Quality to meet state and federal water quality rules and regulations. Agreement Number BLM-OR932-1013 and DEQ Agreement # 040-11/I, Subject Function Code 1786, 7240 (P), April 2011. http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/pubs/igas/DEQBLMMOU20110401.pdf. EPA. 2005. National management measures to control nonpoint source pollution from forestry. Nonpoint Source Control Branch, Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, Office of Water, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA-841-B-05-001. http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/nps/forestry/upload/2005_05_09_NPS_forestrymgmt_guidance.pdf. Gesford, A. L., and J. A. Anderson. 2006. Environmentally sensitive maintenance for dirt and gravel roads. Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/nps/upload/EnvironmentallySensitiveMaintenance_DirtGravelRoads.pdf. Johansen, K., R. Copstead, and J. Moll. 1997. Relief culverts. Water/road interaction technolog y series. Research Report 9777 1812-SDTDC. USDA FS, San Dimas Technology and Development Program, Washington, D.C. 7 pp. http://www.stream.fs.fed.us/water-road/.NMFS. 2013. Endangered Species Act - Section 7 Programmatic consultation conference and biological opinion and MagnusonStevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act essential fish habitat response for reinitiation of aquatic restoration activities in states of Oregon and Washington (ARBO II). NMFS consultation number NWR-2013-9664. http://www.blm.gov/or/districts/med ford/plans/files/nmfs-arboii.pdf. ODEQ. 2005. Erosion and sediment control manual. Prepared by: Geosyntec Consultants, San Diego, CA. Project Number SW0106-01. ODFW. 2008. Oregon guidelines for timing of in-water work to protect fish and wildlife resources. http://www.dfw.state.or.us/lands/inwater/Oregon_Guidelines_for_Timing_of_%20InWater_Work2008.pdf. Rogers, D. 2007. Montana forestry best management practices monitoring: 2006 forestry BMP audit report. Missoula, MT: Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation, Forestry Division. USACOE. 1972. Clean Water Act, Section 404. http://www.usace.army.mil/Portals/2/docs/civilworks/regulatory/materials/cwa_sec404doc.pdf. USDA FS. 1998. Forest Service Manual 2500, Chap. 2520 Watershed Protection and Management, R-6 Supplement 2520.98-1. 6pp.USDA FS. 2002. Management and techniques for riparian restorations: roads field guide. Vol. I and II. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRSGTR-102 vol. I and II. USDA FS, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fort Collins, CO. 38 pp. http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs_gtr102.html. USDA FS. 2012. National best management practices for water quality management on National Forest system lands. Volume 1: National core BMP technical guide. FS-990a. http://www.fs.fed.us/biology/resources/pubs/wa tershed/FS_National_Core_BMPs_April2012.pdf. USDA FS, USDI BIA, USDI BLM, USDI NPS, and USDI FWS. 2006. Interagency Burned Area Emergency Response Guidebook. Interpretation of Department of the Interior 620 DM 3 and USDA Forest Service Manual 2523. For the Emergency Stabilization of Federal and Tribal Trust Lands Version 4.0. http://www.fws.gov/fire/ifcc/esr/Policy/es_handbook_2-7-06.pdf. USDI BLM. 1986. Timber production capability classification. Handbook 5251-1. Available at district offices. USDI BLM. 2006. Interagency burn area rehabilitation guidebook. Interpretation of Department of the Interior 620 DM 3. For the burned area rehabilitation of federal and tribal trust lands. Version 1.3. Washington, D.C. 36 pp. USDI BLM. 2008. Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Revision of the Resource Management Plans of the Western Oregon Bureau of Land Management Districts. Vol. I-IV. Portland, OR. http://www.blm.gov/or/plans/wopr/final_eis/index.php. USDI BLM. 2010. Vegetation treatments using herbicides on BLM lands in Oregon. Record of Decision. http://www.blm.gov/or/plans/vegtreatmentseis/files/Veg_Treatments_ROD_Oct2010.pdf. USDI BLM. 2011. BLM Road Design Handbook H9113-1. http://www.blm.gov/style/medialib/blm/wo/Information_Resources_Management/policy/blm_handbook.Par.5566.File.dat/H -9113-1.pdf.

### 1178 | Page