Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 184 / Monday, September 23, 2024 / Notices 77509 

1See 40 CFR 86.1869–12(b). 

2See 40 CFR 86.1869–12(c). 

3See 40 CFR 86.1869–12(d). 

increase in burden and EPA’s updated 

estimates according to the latest wage 

rates. These changes qualify as 

adjustments. 

IV. What is the next step in the process 

for this ICR? 

EPA will consider the comments 

received and amend the ICR as 

appropriate. The final ICR package will 

then be submitted to OMB for review 

and approval pursuant to 5 CFR 

1320.12. EPA will issue another Federal 

Register document pursuant to 5 CFR 

1320.5(a)(1)(iv) to announce the 

submission of the ICR to OMB and the 

opportunity to submit additional 

comments to OMB. If you have any 

questions about this ICR or the approval 

process, please contact the person listed 

under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

CONTACT. 

Authority: 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. 

Dated: September 17, 2024. 

Michal Freedhoff, 

Assistant Administrator, Office of Chemical 

Safety and Pollution Prevention. 

[FR Doc. 2024–21711 Filed 9–20–24; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

[EPA–HQ– EPA–HQ–OAR–2024–0345] 

[FRL–12128–01–OAR] 

Alternative Methods for Calculating 

Off-Cycle Credits Under the Light-Duty 

Vehicle Greenhouse Gas Emissions 

Program: Application From Jaguar 

Land Rover North America, LLC 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA) is requesting comment on 

an application from Jaguar Land Rover 

North America, LLC (‘‘JLR’’) for offcycle carbon dioxide (CO2) credits 

under EPA’s light-duty vehicle 

greenhouse gas emissions standards. 

‘‘Off-cycle’’ emission reductions can be 

achieved by employing technologies 

that result in real-world benefits, but 

where that benefit is not adequately 

captured on the test procedures used by 

manufacturers to demonstrate 

compliance with emission standards. 

EPA’s light-duty vehicle greenhouse gas 

program acknowledges these benefits by 

giving automobile manufacturers several 

options for generating ‘‘off-cycle’’ CO2

credits. Under the regulations, a 

manufacturer may apply for CO2 credits 

for off-cycle technologies that result in 

off-cycle benefits. In these cases, a 

manufacturer must provide EPA with a 

proposed methodology for determining 

the real-world off-cycle benefit. JLR 

submitted their application describing a 

methodology for determining off-cycle 

credits from the technology described in 

their application. Pursuant to applicable 

regulations, EPA is making this off-cycle 

credit calculation methodology 

available for public comment. 

DATES: Comments must be submitted on 

or before October 23, 2024. 

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments 

referencing Docket ID No. EPA–HQ– 

OAR–2024–0345 online using 

www.regulations.gov (our preferred 

method), by email to a-and-r-Docket@

epa.gov or by mail to: EPA Docket 

Center, Environmental Protection 

Agency, Mailcode 28221T, 1200 

Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 

20460. 

EPA’s policy is that all comments 

received will be included in the public 

docket without change including any 

personal information provided, unless 

the comment includes profanity, threats, 

information claimed to be Confidential 

Business Information (CBI) or other 

information whose disclosure is 

restricted by statute. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

David Wright, Environmental Protection 

Specialist, Office of Transportation and 

Air Quality, Implementation, Analysis 

and Compliance Division, U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency, 2000 

Traverwood Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 

48105. Telephone: (734) 214–4467. 

Email address: wright.davida@epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Background 

EPA’s light-duty vehicle greenhouse 

gas (GHG) program provides three 

pathways by which a manufacturer may 

accrue off-cycle carbon dioxide (CO2) 

credits for those technologies that 

achieve CO2 reductions in the real 

world but where those reductions are 

not adequately captured on the test used 

to determine compliance with the CO2

standards, and which are not otherwise 

reflected in the standards’ stringency. 

The first pathway is a predetermined 

list of credit values for specific off-cycle 

technologies that may be used beginning 

in model year 2014.1 This pathway 

allows manufacturers to use 

conservative credit values established 

by EPA for a wide range of technologies, 

with minimal data submittal or testing 

requirements, if the technologies meet 

EPA regulatory definitions. In cases 

where the off-cycle technology is not on 

the menu but additional laboratory 

testing can demonstrate emission 

benefits, a second pathway allows 

manufacturers to use a broader array of 

emission tests (known as ‘‘5-cycle’’ 

testing because the methodology uses 

five different testing procedures) to 

demonstrate and justify off-cycle CO2

credits.2 The additional emission tests 

allow emission benefits to be 

demonstrated over some elements of 

real-world driving not adequately 

captured by the GHG compliance tests, 

including high speeds, hard 

accelerations, and cold temperatures. 

These first two methodologies were 

completely defined through notice and 

comment rulemaking and therefore no 

additional process is necessary for 

manufacturers to use these methods. 

The third and last pathway allows 

manufacturers to seek EPA approval to 

use an alternative methodology for 

determining the off-cycle CO2 credits.3

This option is only available if the 

benefit of the technology cannot be 

adequately demonstrated using the 5- 

cycle methodology. Manufacturers may 

also use this option to demonstrate 

reductions that exceed those available 

via use of the predetermined list. 

Under the regulations, a manufacturer 

seeking to demonstrate off-cycle credits 

with an alternative methodology (i.e., 

under the third pathway described 

above) must describe a methodology 

that meets the following criteria: 

• Use modeling, on-road testing, onroad data collection, or other approved 

analytical or engineering methods; 

• Be robust, verifiable, and capable of 

demonstrating the real-world emissions 

benefit with strong statistical 

significance; 

• Result in a demonstration of 

baseline and controlled emissions over 

a wide range of driving conditions and 

number of vehicles such that issues of 

data uncertainty are minimized; 

• Result in data on a model type basis 

unless the manufacturer demonstrates 

that another basis is appropriate and 

adequate. 

Further, the regulations specify the 

following requirements regarding an 

application for off-cycle CO2 credits: 

• A manufacturer requesting off-cycle 

credits must develop a methodology for 

demonstrating and determining the 

benefit of the off-cycle technology and 

carry out any necessary testing and 

analysis required to support that 

methodology. 

• A manufacturer requesting off-cycle 

credits must conduct testing and/or 

prepare engineering analyses that 

demonstrate the in-use durability of the 


khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with NOTICES
77510 Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 184 / Monday, September 23, 2024 / Notices 

4See 40 CFR 86.1869–12(d)(2). 

technology for the full useful life of the 

vehicle. 

• The application must contain a 

detailed description of the off-cycle 

technology and how it functions to 

reduce CO2 emissions under conditions 

not represented on the compliance tests. 

• The application must contain a list 

of the vehicle model(s) which will be 

equipped with the technology. 

• The application must contain a 

detailed description of the test vehicles 

selected and an engineering analysis 

that supports the selection of those 

vehicles for testing. 

• The application must contain all 

testing and/or simulation data required 

under the regulations, plus any other 

data the manufacturer has considered in 

the analysis. 

Finally, the alternative methodology 

must be approved by EPA prior to the 

manufacturer using it to generate 

credits. As part of the review process 

defined by regulation, the alternative 

methodology submitted to EPA for 

consideration must be made available 

for public comment.4 EPA will consider 

public comments as part of its final 

decision to approve or deny the request 

for off-cycle credits. 

II. Off-Cycle Credit Application 

A. 48 Volt Efficient Motor-Generator 

Combined With a 48 Volt/12 Volt DC/ 

DC Converter 

JLR is applying for off-cycle GHG 

credits for the use of a 48 Volt efficient 

motor-generator combined with a 48 

volt/12 volt DC/DC converter. The JLR 

technology consists of two components, 

a 48-volt motor-generator which is 

either belt driven or connected to the 

crankshaft of an internal combustion 

engine, and a 48 volt/12 volt DC/DC 

converter. The 48 volt motor generator 

provides a couple of functions, it can 

operate as a starter motor and crank the 

engine and it also can operate as a 

generator converting mechanical energy 

into electrical energy. The efficiency of 

the 48 volt generator when belt driven 

is in the range of 80 to 85% and when 

connected to the crankshaft of an engine 

it can be as high as 90 to 95%. Once 

generated the 48 volt electricity needs to 

be converted to 12 volts for use by the 

12 volt electronics in the vehicle. The 

conversion of the 48 volt electricity to 

12 volt is performed by the second 

device associated with this technology, 

a DC–DC converter. Converting 48 volt 

electricity to 12 volt electricity produces 

an energy loss which also needs to be 

measured to determine the overall 

efficiency of the combined 48 volt 

motor-generator and DC–DC converter. 

This application is only for determining 

the off-cycle benefit of the generator 

portion of the technology. 

JLR is the first manufacturer to submit 

a complete alternative method off-cycle 

GHG application for a 48 volt motorgenerator combined with a 48 volt/12 

volt DC–DC converter. 

JLR is applying for credits for the 

2023 and later model years for vehicles 

sold in the U.S. and equipped with the 

48 volt efficient motor-generator 

combined with a 48 volt/12 volt DC/DC 

converter. JLR is requesting a credit 

value of 1.6 grams/mile. Details of the 

testing and analysis can be found in the 

manufacturer’s application. 

III. EPA Decision Process 

EPA has reviewed the applications for 

completeness and is now making the 

applications available for public review 

and comment as required by the 

regulations. The off-cycle credit 

applications submitted by the 

manufacturers (with confidential 

business information redacted) have 

been placed in the public docket (see 

ADDRESSES section above) and on EPA’s 

website at https://www.epa.gov/vecertification/compliance-informationlight-duty-greenhouse-gas-ghgstandards. 

EPA is providing a 30-day comment 

period on this application for off-cycle 

credits described in this notice, as 

specified by the regulations. The 

manufacturer may submit a written 

rebuttal of comments for EPA’s 

consideration or may revise an 

application in response to comments. 

After reviewing any public comments 

and any rebuttal of comments submitted 

by manufacturers, EPA will make a final 

decision regarding the credit request. 

EPA will make its decision available to 

the public by placing a decision 

document (or multiple decision 

documents) in the docket and on EPA’s 

website at the same manufacturerspecific pages shown above. 

Dated: September 18, 2024. 

Byron Bunker, 

Director, Implementation, Analysis and 

Compliance Division, Office of 

Transportation and Air Quality. 

[FR Doc. 2024–21713 Filed 9–20–24; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

[EPA–HQ–OAR–2024–0350; FRL 12138–02– 

OAR] 

Use of Advanced and Emerging 

Technologies for Quantification of 

Annual Facility Methane Emissions 

Under the Greenhouse Gas Reporting 

Program 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA) 

ACTION: Notice; extension of public 

comment period. 

SUMMARY: On August 29, 2024, the 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 

published a request for information 

(RFI) on the ‘‘Use of Advanced and 

Emerging Technologies for 

Quantification of Annual Facility 

Methane Emissions Under the 

Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program’’. 

The EPA is extending the comment 

period. 

DATES: The comment period for the 

document published on August 29, 

2024, at 89 FR 70177, is extended. 

Comments must be received on or 

before November 27, 2024. 

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, 

identified by Docket ID No. EPA–HQ– 

OAR–2024–0350, to the Federal Portal: 

https://www.regulations.gov. Follow 

online instructions for submitting 

comments. Once submitted, comments 

cannot be edited or withdrawn. Do not 

submit electronically any information 

you consider to be Confidential 

Business Information (CBI). EPA may 

publish any comment received to its 

public docket, submitted, or sent via 

email. For additional submission 

methods, the full EPA public comment 

policy, information about CBI, and 

general guidance on making effective 

comments, please visit https://

www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epadockets. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Vasco Roma, Environmental Protection 

Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, 

Office of Atmospheric Protection, 

Climate Change Division; telephone 

number: 202–564–1662; email address: 

Roma.Vasco@epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On August 

29, 20204, the EPA published an RFI on 

the ‘‘Use of Advanced and Emerging 

Technologies for Quantification of 

Annual Facility Methane Emissions 

Under the Greenhouse Gas Reporting 

Program’’. The public comment for this 

RFI was scheduled to end on October 

28, 2024. In response to multiple 

extension requests received to date, the 

EPA is extending that deadline to 


khammond on DSKJM1Z7X2PROD with NOTICES