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2012 NAICS Definition for NAICS codes 322, 324 and 325 

From the US Census Bureau, US Department of Commerce. 

http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/sssd/naics/naicsrch 

T = Canadian, Mexican, and United States industries are comparable. 

322 Paper ManufacturingT 

322 Paper ManufacturingT 

Industries in the Paper Manufacturing subsector make pulp, paper, or converted paper products. 

The manufacturing of these products is grouped together because they constitute a series of 

vertically connected processes. More than one is often carried out in a single establishment. There 

are essentially three activities. The manufacturing of pulp involves separating the cellulose fibers 

from other impurities in wood or used paper. The manufacturing of paper involves matting these 

fibers into a sheet. Converted paper products are made from paper and other materials by various 

cutting and shaping techniques and includes coating and laminating activities. 

The Paper Manufacturing subsector is subdivided into two industry groups, the first for the 

manufacturing of pulp and paper and the second for the manufacturing of converted paper 

products. Paper making is treated as the core activity of the subsector. Therefore, any 

establishment that makes paper (including paperboard), either alone or in combination with pulp 

manufacturing or paper converting, is classified as a paper or paperboard mill. Establishments that 

make pulp without making paper are classified as pulp mills. Pulp mills, paper mills and 

paperboard mills comprise the first industry group. 

Establishments that make products from purchased paper and other materials make up the 

second industry group, Converted Paper Product Manufacturing. This general activity is then 

subdivided based, for the most part, on process distinctions. Paperboard container manufacturing 

uses corrugating, cutting, and shaping machinery to form paperboard into containers. Paper bag 

and coated and treated paper manufacturing establishments cut and coat paper and foil. 

Stationery product manufacturing establishments make a variety of paper products used for 

writing, filing, and similar applications. Other converted paper product manufacturing includes, in 

particular, the conversion of sanitary paper stock into such things as tissue paper and disposable 

diapers. 

An important process used in the Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing 

industry is lamination, often combined with coating. Lamination and coating makes a composite 

material with improved properties of strength, impermeability, and so on. The laminated materials 

may be paper, metal foil, or plastics film. While paper is often one of the components, it is not 

always. Lamination of plastics film to plastics film is classified in the NAICS Subsector 326, 

Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing, because establishments that do this often first make 

the film. The same situation holds with respect to bags. The manufacturing of bags from plastics 

only, whether or not laminated, is classified in Subsector 326, Plastics and Rubber Products 

Manufacturing, but all other bag manufacturing is classified in this subsector. 

Excluded from this subsector are photosensitive papers. These papers are chemically treated and 

are classified in Industry 32599, All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing.
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3221 Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard MillsT

32211 Pulp MillsT

322110 Pulp Mills 

32212 Paper MillsT

322121 Paper (except Newsprint) Mills 

322122 Newsprint Mills 

32213 Paperboard MillsT

322130 Paperboard Mills 

3222 Converted Paper Product ManufacturingT

32221 Paperboard Container ManufacturingT

322211 Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing 

322212 Folding Paperboard Box Manufacturing 

322219 Other Paperboard Container Manufacturing 

32222 Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper ManufacturingT

322220 Paper Bag and Coated and Treated Paper Manufacturing 

32223 Stationery Product ManufacturingT

322230 Stationery Product Manufacturing 

32229 Other Converted Paper Product ManufacturingT

322291 Sanitary Paper Product Manufacturing 

322299 All Other Converted Paper Product Manufacturing 

324 Petroleum and Coal Products ManufacturingT
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324 Petroleum and Coal Products ManufacturingT

The Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing subsector is based on the 

transformation of crude petroleum and coal into usable products. The dominant 

process is petroleum refining that involves the separation of crude petroleum into 

component products through such techniques as cracking and distillation. 

In addition, this subsector includes establishments that primarily further process 

refined petroleum and coal products and produce products, such as asphalt coatings 

and petroleum lubricating oils. However, establishments that manufacture 

petrochemicals from refined petroleum are classified in Industry 32511, 

Petrochemical Manufacturing. 

3241 Petroleum and Coal Products ManufacturingT

32411 Petroleum RefineriesT

324110 Petroleum Refineries 

32412 Asphalt Paving, Roofing, and Saturated Materials ManufacturingT

324121 Asphalt Paving Mixture and Block Manufacturing 

324122 Asphalt Shingle and Coating Materials Manufacturing 

32419 Other Petroleum and Coal Products ManufacturingT

324191 Petroleum Lubricating Oil and Grease Manufacturing 

324199 All Other Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing 

325 Chemical ManufacturingT 

325 Chemical ManufacturingT 

The Chemical Manufacturing subsector is based on the transformation of organic and 

inorganic raw materials by a chemical process and the formulation of products. This 

subsector distinguishes the production of basic chemicals that comprise the first 

industry group from the production of intermediate and end products produced by 

further processing of basic chemicals that make up the remaining industry groups. 

This subsector does not include all industries transforming raw materials by a 

chemical process. It is common for some chemical processing to occur during mining 

operations. These beneficiating operations, such as copper concentrating, are 

classified in Sector 21, Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction. Furthermore, 

the refining of crude petroleum is included in Subsector 324, Petroleum and Coal 
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Products Manufacturing. In addition, the manufacturing of aluminum oxide is 

included in Subsector 331, Primary Metal Manufacturing; and beverage distilleries 

are classified in Subsector 312, Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing. As is 

the case of these two activities, the grouping of industries into subsectors may take 

into account the association of the activities performed with other activities in the 

subsector. 

3251 Basic Chemical ManufacturingT

32511 Petrochemical ManufacturingT

325110 Petrochemical Manufacturing 

32512 Industrial Gas ManufacturingT

325120 Industrial Gas Manufacturing 

32513 Synthetic Dye and Pigment ManufacturingT

325130 Synthetic Dye and Pigment Manufacturing 

32518 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical ManufacturingT

325180 Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing 

32519 Other Basic Organic Chemical ManufacturingT

325193 Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing 

325194 Cyclic Crude, Intermediate, and Gum and Wood Chemical Manufacturing 

325199 All Other Basic Organic Chemical Manufacturing 

3252 Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial Synthetic Fibers and Filaments 

ManufacturingT

32521 Resin and Synthetic Rubber ManufacturingT

325211 Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing 

325212 Synthetic Rubber Manufacturing 

32522 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments ManufacturingT
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325220 Artificial and Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing 

3253 Pesticide, Fertilizer, and Other Agricultural Chemical ManufacturingT

32531 Fertilizer ManufacturingT

325311 Nitrogenous Fertilizer Manufacturing 

325312 Phosphatic Fertilizer Manufacturing 

325314 Fertilizer (Mixing Only) Manufacturing 

32532 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical ManufacturingT

325320 Pesticide and Other Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing 

3254 Pharmaceutical and Medicine ManufacturingT

32541 Pharmaceutical and Medicine ManufacturingT

325411 Medicinal and Botanical Manufacturing 

325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing 

325413 In-Vitro Diagnostic Substance Manufacturing 

325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing 

3255 Paint, Coating, and Adhesive ManufacturingT

32551 Paint and Coating ManufacturingT

325510 Paint and Coating Manufacturing 

32552 Adhesive ManufacturingT

325520 Adhesive Manufacturing 

3256 Soap, Cleaning Compound, and Toilet Preparation ManufacturingT

32561 Soap and Cleaning Compound ManufacturingT
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325611 Soap and Other Detergent Manufacturing 

325612 Polish and Other Sanitation Good Manufacturing 

325613 Surface Active Agent Manufacturing 

32562 Toilet Preparation ManufacturingT

325620 Toilet Preparation Manufacturing 

3259 Other Chemical Product and Preparation ManufacturingT

32591 Printing Ink ManufacturingT

325910 Printing Ink Manufacturing 

32592 Explosives ManufacturingT

325920 Explosives Manufacturing 

32599 All Other Chemical Product and Preparation ManufacturingT

325991 Custom Compounding of Purchased Resins 

325992 Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical Manufacturing 

325998 All Other Miscellaneous Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing