P. 1



# OAR Box 1672 Prepped by Charmelle Mathews



### Document

Number: 

# \ y_t) ll-B- 5 Docket Number: 

# A-98-1 3

Printed 9/30/2008 11:01:00 AM Sheet 12 of 132______

BBL^JS 

### A 9 8 1 3

MEMORANDU M

TO : Stev e Shed d

U.S
. EPA/OAQPS/ESD/WCPG FROM : Bem

d Hanek e and Greg LaFla

m Pacifi c Environmenta

l Services , Inc
. DATE : Augus t

14,199 8 P:\N81 9 

## M- T3 & • JLH

. |

SUBJECT : Organi c Liquid s Distributio n (non-Gasoline ) NESHAP : Memorandu mo n Subcategorizatio n ofth e OL D Industr y
INTRODUCTIO N I n developin g standard s unde r Sectio n 11 2 of

th e Clea n Ai r Ac t (Act) , th e EP

A ha s discretio n to distinguis h o

r segregat e classes , types, an

d size s of source s withi n asourc e categor y and , conversely , t o aggregat e amon g simila

r sources . Criteri atha

t ma y b e considere d in defining categorie s o f

simila r source s include similaritie s in proces s operations , emission s characteristics , contro l devic e applicability , an d pollutio n preventio n opportunities. 1 Th e wa y in which subcategorie s ar e defined i s important , becaus e i t dictate s th e basi s upo n whic h th e MACT floo r or floor s ar e t o b e determined
. Eac

h subcategor

y describe s th e "pool " o f facilitie s tha

t i s use d t o determine th e MAC T floor
. I n suc h cases , aseparat

e MAC T standar d ma y b e selecte d fo

r eac h subcategor

y within th e sourc e category
. OVERVIEW O

F SUBCATEGORIE S Th e organi c liquid s distributio n (non-gasoline ) sourc e categor y include s activitie s associate d wit

h th e storag e an

d distributio n o f

non-gasoline organi c liquid s wit h hazardou s ai

r pollutant (HAP ) content , a

t site s tha t serv e a s distributio n point s fro mwhich organi c liquid s ma y b e obtaine d fo

r furthe r us e an d processing
. Also , as wa s proposed in th e Oil and Ga s Productio n NESHA P proposa l (6 3 F R 6287 , Februar

y 6 , 1998) , the oil an

d natura l ga s facilitie s considere d unde r th e organi c liquid s distributio n (OLD ) sourc e categor y will onl y include thos e facilitie s tha t handl e and distribut

e hydrocarbo n liquid s afte

r th e poin t of custod y transfer
. Thi s ensure s tha t productio n operation s wil l no t b e analyze d an

d regulate d unde

r th e OL D NESHAP
. The ter mcustody transfer

a s defined in th e Oil and Ga s proposa l mean s the transfe

r o f hydrocarbo n liquids , afte

r processin g and/or

treatmen t i n th e producing operations , fro mstorag e vessel s o

r automati c transfe

r facilitie s t o pipeline s o

r an y othe r form s o f transportation
.P. 3

Mem o t o Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 2
Base d o n preliminar y information derive d fromliteratur e searches , industr

y contacts , and sit e visits , i t appear s tha

t there ar e a t leas t fou r distinc t subcategorie s withi n th e overal l OL D sourc e category
. The difference s note d amon g thes e subcategorie s ar

e significan

t enoug h t o warran t individua l analysi s durin g the earl

y phase s of

thi s rulemakin g development
. A s additiona l informatio n i s collected , i t wil l becom

e mor e apparen t a s to whethe

r thes e subcategorie s warran

t differen t MAC T floo r developmen

t an d possibly differen

t contro l requirements , an d therefor

e afinal determinatio n ha s no t bee n made
. I t

i s expecte d tha

t futur e sit e visit s and th e industr

y surve y wil l suppl

y importan

t information i n makin g thi s determination
. The principa l facilit y types withi n th e fou

r subcategorie s include : 1
. Separate , or

stand-alone , distributio n terminal s 2
. Pipelin e facilitie s (includin g onl y oi l and natura

l ga s facilitie s afte

r th e poin t o f custod y transfer ) 3
. Compounding/blending/packagin g facilitie s 4
. Collocate d distributio n activitie s (i.e. , associate d wimrefinerie s or chemica l plants)
. Wha t follow s i s adiscussio n of

each subcategory
. W

e hav e included , wher

e available , informatio n pertainin g t o th e facilit y size s an d capacities , mode s of

transfer , emissio n sources , applicabl e contro l technologies , an d achievabl e level s o f

control
. A rational e fo

r establishin g eac h subcategory , a s wel l a s alistin g o f facilitie s b y Stat

e (except Collocate d Distributio n Facilities ) i n eac h subcategor y i s als o presented
. CONTROL TECHNOLOGIE S Thi s sectio n ofth e memorandu midentifie s contro l technologie s tha t ar e use d withi n th e organi c liquid s distributio n industry
. Rathe r tha n lis t th e technologie s individuall y fo r eac h subcategory , they ar

e presente d in thi s sectio n an d reference d throughout

th e document
. Contro l technologie s tha

t ma y b e use d i n th e OL

D industr y wil l b e furthe

r discusse d an d addresse d i n th e upcoming Availabl e Contro l Option s memorandum
. Variou s contro l technologie s ar e use d t o reduc e emission s o

f HA P fromth e organi c liquid s distributio n emissio n sources . Fo r storag e vessels , commo

n contro l device s includ e therma l or catalyti c oxidizers , carbon adsorbers , flares , condensers , an d scrubbers
. Storag e vessel s ma y als o b e fitted wit

h interna l o r externa l floating roofs , an

d vessel s ma

y als o b e pressurize d o

r refrigerated
. Liqui d transfe r an d loading operation s ma

y rout e thei r vapor s t o a contro l devic e (simila

r to thos e mentioned above) , o r b e controlle d throug h th e us e of vapo r balancing
. Vapor

tightnes s o f

carg o tank s and vapor

handlin g equipmen

t i s enhance d throug h periodi c tightnes s testing
. Equipmen t leak s ca n b e detecte d an

d repaire d in a

n instrument

or visua l LDA R program , o r

b y modifyin

g or replacin g existin g equipment
. Ai r emission s from wastewate r an d semi-soli d wast

e ca n b e controlle d by ventin g the mt o acontro l device , us e o f floating roo f

tank s o r vapor-tigh

t covers , an d by close d pipin g o

r drai n controls
.P. 4

Mem o to Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 3 Achievabl e level s o f contro l var

y amon g th e types of

equipmen t used
. Common contro l technologie s fo

r gaseou s HA

P include therma

l an d catalyti c incineration , flares , adsorption , scrubbers , an d condensers. 2, 3 Followin g i s abrie f listin g and efficiency descriptio n o f eac h typ e o f contro l technology
. 1
. Therma l incineratio n i s awidel

y use d ai r pollutio n contro l techniqu e in which organi c vapor s ar e oxidize d a

t hig h temperatures
. Therma l incineratio n ca

n achiev e awide rang e o f destructio n efficiencies , but i s typically capabl e of

achievin g 9 8 t o 99 + percent
. 2
. I n catalyti c incineration , organi c vapor s ar e oxidize d wit

h th e help o f

acatalyst
. Catalyti c incinerator s ca

n achiev e HA

P destructio n efficiencie s u p t o abou t 9 5 percent
. 3
. Flare s us e ope n flam

e t o oxidiz e organi c gase s durin g norma l operation s a

t facilities
. Regulator y requirement s dictat

e tha t flare s hav e a9 8 percent

destructio n efficiency
. 4
. Adsorptio n i s acommonly use d contro l technolog y i n whic h hydrocarbon s an d othe r compound s ar

e selectivel y adsorbed on activate d carbon , silic agel , alumina , or polymeri c media
. Remova l efficiencie s o f

9 5 percent

o r better ar e achievabl e wit

h adsorption
. 5
. Absorptio n (scrubbers ) contro l emission s by selectively transfenin g one or mor e component s o f

aga s mixtur

e int o arelatively nonvolatil e liquid
. The efficiency of scrubber s i s highl y dependen t o n severa l desig n parameters , but

efficiencie s u p t o 9 8 percent ar e possible
. 6
. Condenser s ar

e aseparatio n technolog y i n whic h on e o r mor e volatil e component s o f avapo r mixtur e ar e separate d b

y agas-to-liqui d phas e change
. Th e efficiency of

a condense r depend s o n th e temperatur e a t which i t i s operate d (lowe

r temperature s achiev e greate

r control) , an

d th e natur e ofth e organi c gase s tha

t ar e passe d throug h it
. Contro l efficiencie s o f

9 0 percen t o r bette r ar e achievable
. SUBCATEGOR

Y DESCRIPTIO N Separat e (Stand-Alone^ ! Distributio n Terminal s Separat e (stand-alone ) distributio n terminal s ar e commercia

l bul k liqui d terminal s tha

t typicall y hav e storag e tanks , a s wel l a s piping an d equipmen

t t o transfe r th e liquids
. Thes e terminal s receive , store , an d distribut e organi c liquid s throughout th e Unite d States
. Mode s o f transportatio n fo

r stand-alon e terminal s include , bu t ar e no t limite d to , ocean-goin g tankers , tan k barges , tan

k trucks , tan

k railcars , and pipelines
. Th e commoditie s handle d a

t thes e facilitie s include avariet

y of organi c liqui d chemicals , crud e oil , fue l oils , petroleumproducts , anima l fats 

# 3P. 5

b Mem o to Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 4
an d oils , and ome

r liquids
. Customer s of

thes e terminal s include oi l producers , chemica l manufacturers , produc t

manufacturers , utilities , loca l an d Stat e governments , a s wel l a s th e Federa l Governmen

t an d transportatio n companies
. Informatio n o n separat

e distributio n terminal s wa s derive d fromth e 1997 Independent Liqui d Terminal s Associatio n (ILTA) directory. 4 Accordin g to th e ILTA , ther e ar e a t leas t 40 0 independen

t bulk liqui d terminal s within th e Unite d State s tha t handl e chemical s an d petroleu m product s other

tha n fue l oils , and thes e hav e atota l storag e capacit

y exceeding 277,680,00 0 barrel s (1.1 6 x 10' ° gallons)
. Othe r potentia l source s fo

r obtainin g furthe

r termina l informatio n include 199 7 PetroleumTermina l Encyclopedi aan

d th e 199 7 PetroleumSuppl y America s directories
. A searc h o f

applicabl e Standar

d Industria l Classificatio n (SIC ) codes 5 wa s performe d in orde r t o profil e th e OL

D industry
. Th

e finding s ar

e summarize d in Tabl e 1 (th e ne w equivalent NAIC S code s ar

e als o shown)
. Based on discussion s an d meeting s withTLT

A membe r companies , i t

i s possibl e tha

t SIC cod e 422 6 i s th e mos t

widely use d cod

e in th e bulk

liqui d distributio n terminal s industry
. A t on e facilit y tha t th e EP A projec t tea mvisited , SIC 517 1 wa s used
. A siz e distributio n of ILT A membe r facilitie s indicate s tha

t alarg e majorit

y o f facilitie s hav e asmall numbe

r o f storag e tanks
. Table 2 present s abreakdow n of ILT A membe r facilitie s b y numbe r o f tanks
. A s ca

n b e see n fro mthi s table , th e preponderanc e of facilitie s hav e betwee n 1 an d 3 0 tanks , accountin g fo

r 77. 6 percen

t of al l facilitie s i n th e Unite d States
. Facilitie s wit h mor e tha n 10 0 tank s ar e relatively few , totalin g 6. 3 percent
. A distributio n o f

ILT A membe r facilitie s in th e Unite d State s indicate s tha t Texa s an d Californi a(eac h 7. 9 percent ofth e total ) hav e th e mos t

facilities
. Othe

r State s havin g alarg e numbe r o f ILT A facilitie s include Arkansa s (12) , Georgi a(24) , Illinoi s (18) , Louisian a(18) , an d Nort h Carolin a(15)
. Tabl e 3 present s amor e detaile d analysi s ofth e geographi c distributio n o f ILT A membe r facilities
. Tota l storag e capacit

y of ILT A membe r facilitie s varie s greatly
. Th e smalles t facilit y ha s atota l storag e capacit

y o f 2,70 0 barrel s (113,40 0 gal) , wherea s th e larges t facilit y ha s atotal capacit y o f 12,500,00 0 barrels , o

r 525,000,000 gallons
. Th e averag e tota l storag e capacit

y o f al l ILT A membe r facilitie s in th e Unite d State s i s 703,05 4 barrel s (29,528,26 8 gal)
. Tabl e 4 include s alistin g ofth e 1 0 larges t ILT A membe r facilitie s b y storag e capacity
. Mode s of liqui d transfe

r a t thes e facilitie s include marin e vessel (tanke r ship an d barge) , tan k truck , railcar , pipeline , and their associate d equipment
. Th e HA P emissio n source s a

t thes e facilitie s include : 1
. Storag e vessel s 

# 4P. 6

Mem o t o Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 5 2
. Liqui d transfe r an d loadin g 3
. Equipmen

t leak s 4
. Wastewate

r and othe r waste s Th e Aerometri c Informatio n Retrieva l Syste mDatabas e (AIRS ) wa s querie d o n applicabl e SIC code s fo

r th e separate/stand-alon e distributio n terminals
. The search withi n AIR S wa s furthe r refine d b y queryin g only fo r facilitie s emittin g volatil e organi c compound s (VOC)
. Th e AIR S databas e threshol d i s 10 0 tp y VOC/yr , s o i

t doe s no t provid e informatio n o n HA P emission s and source s tha

t woul d b e majo

r du e t o HA P emissions
. Thus , i n effect , th e AIR S databas e i s no t

agoo d sourc e fo

r obtainin g information abou t separate/stand-alon e distributio n terminals
. Tabl e 5 summarize s th e result s ofth e AIRS databas e query . Contro l technologie s tha

t ma y b e use d in th e separate/stand-alon e distributio n termina l industr y were describe d i n th e Contro l Technologie s section
.



# 5P. 7

Memo t o Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 6
TABL

E 1
. SEPARATE/STAND-ALON E INDUSTR

Y PROFIL

E BASE D O N SI C CODES 5 Majo r Grou p 4 2

4 4

5 1 Industr y Grou p

Numbe r

422 0

449 0

516 0

517 0 SI C Cod e

422 6

449 1

516 9

517 1 517 2 NAIC S Cod e

Equivalen t

4931 9

48831/ 2

4226 9

45431 1 4227 2 Industr y Categor y

Motor Freigh t Transportatio n an

d Warehousing Publi c Warehousing and Storag e Specia l Warehousing and Storage , No t Elsewher e Classified Wate r Transportatio n Service s Incidenta

l t o Wate r Transportatio n Marine Carg o Handlin g Wholesale Trade-No n Durabl e Good s Chemical s an

d Allie d Product s Chemical s an

d Allie d Products , No t Elsewher e Classifie d Petroleu man d Petroleu mProduct s Petroleu mBul k Station s an

d Terminal s Petroleu m& Petroleu

mProduct s Wholesalers , except

Bul k Station s an

d Terminal s



# GP. 8

Mem o to Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 7 TABL E 2
. FACILIT

Y SIZ E DISTRIBUTION 8
Size Distribution (No . o f Tanks ) 1-1 0 10-2 0 20-3 0 30-4 0 40-5 0 50-6 0 60-70 70-8 0 80-90 90-10 0 100-11 0 110-11 5 Tota l Tota

l Numbe r o f Facilitie s 16 6 8 8 3 9 2 8 6 8 6 4 6 4 4 1 9 37 8 Percento f Tota l (% )
4 4 2 3 1 0 8 1. 5 2 1. 6 1 1. 6 1 1.1 5 10 0 "Represent s membe r facilitie s ofthe Independen

t Liqui d Terminal s Associatio

n (ILTA ) tha t ma y distribut e HAP-containin

g organi c liquids
.



# nP. 9

Mem o t o Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13 , 199 8 Pag e 8 TABL

E 3
. GEOGRAPHI

C DISTRIBUTIO

N O F ILT A MEMBE

R FACILITIE S
Stat e

Alabam a Arizon a Arkansa s Californi a Colorad o Connecticu t Washingto n D C Delawar e Florid a Georgi a Illinoi s Indian a Iow a Kansa s Kentuck y Louisian a Marylan d Massachusett s Minnesot a Mississipp i Missour i Nebrask a Nevad a Ne w Jerse y Ne w Mexic o | Ne w York Numbe r o f Facilitie s
8 6 1 2 3 0 2 4 2 3 1 7 2 4 1 8 1 3 1 0 9 7 1 8 1 1 1 5 6 1 1 12 3 1 0 1 6 Percen to f

Facilitie s Nationwid e 2 2 3 8 0. 5 1 0. 5 0. 8 4. 5 6 4. 7 3 2. 6 2 1. 8 4. 7 2. 9 0. 3 1. 3 1. 6 2. 9 3 0. 8 2. 6 0. 3 1.6 Tota l Numbe r o f

Tank s
6 1 8 7 106 99 7 3 0 5 8 8 3 4 22 5 42 3 86 2 23 6 18 4 12 5 8 1 72 3 16 7 2 2 9 9 7 0 11 5 21 7 6 9 1,42 8 5 19 5 Percen to f Tank s Nationwid e
0. 6 0. 8 1 9. 6 0. 3 0. 6 0. 1 0. 3 2. 2 4 8. 3 2. 3 1. 8 1.2 0. 8 6. 9 1. 6 0. 2 1 0. 7 1. 1 2. 1 0. 7 13. 7 0. 1 1. 9

%P.1 0

Mem o t o Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 9 TABL E 3
. GEOGRAPHICA

L DISTRIBUTION O

F ILT A MEMBE

R FACILITIE S (Concluded)
Stat e

Nort h Carolin a Nort h Dakota Ohi o Oklahom a Orego n Pennsylvani a Puert o Ric o Sout h Carolin a Sout h Dakota Tennesse e Texa s Virgini a Washingto n Wes t Virgini a Wisconsin Wyoming Tota l Numbe

r o f Facilitie s 1 5 3 1 1

. 5 7 7 2 5 9 10 3 0 1 4 6 2 4 1 37 8 Percen

to f Facilitie s Nationwide 4 0. 8 2. 9 1. 3 1. 8 1. 8 0. 5 1. 3 2 2. 6 8 3. 7 1. 6 0. 5 1 0.3 10 0 Tota

l Numbe r o f Tanks/Stat

e 20 3 7 3 17 9 62 31 6 36 5 9 6 8 8 17 9 16 9 1,712 15 4 15 2 1 0 2 5 1 7 10,42 7 Percento

f Tank s Nationwid e 2 0.7 1. 7 0. 6 3 3. 5 1 0. 8 1. 7 1. 6 1 6 1. 5 1 0. 1 0.2 0. 2 10 0 Source : 199 7 ILT

A Membe r Directory
.



# ° lP.1 1

Mem o t o Stev e Shedd Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 1 0 TABL

E 4
. TH E TE N LARGES T ILT

A MEMBE

R FACILITIE S B Y TOTA L STORAG

E CAPACIT

Y
Facilit y Nam e

IMT T GAT X Terminal s Corp
. IMT T Houston Fuel Oil Term
. Co
. Paktan k Corporatio n GAT X Terminal s Corp
. GAT X Terminal s Corp
. Intercontinenta

l Term
. Co
. S T Service s GAT X Terminal s Corp
. Locatio n
Bayonne , Ne

w Jerse y Pasadena , Texas St . Rose , Louisian a Houston , Texa s Dee r Park, Texa s Carteret , Ne

w Jerse y Norco , Louisian a Dee r Park, Texa s Pine y Point , Marylan

d Carson , Californi a Storage Capacit y Gallons 525,000,00 0 518,133,00 0 379,278,10 2 298,830,00 0 280,770,00 0 274,176,00 0 269,304,00 0 247,002,00 0 224,700,00 0 195,342,000 Barrels

12,500,000 12,336,500 9,030,43 1 7,115,00 0 6,685,00 0 6,528,00 0 6,412,00 0 5,881,00 0 5,350,000 4,651,00 0 Source : 199 7 ILT

A Membe r Directory
.

TABL E 5
. POTENTIA

L SEPARATE/STAND-ALON E FACILITIE S REPORTE D I N AIR S DATABAS E B Y SIC CODE
SI C COD E
422 6 449 1 516 9 517 1 517 2 Tota l Industr y Type Specia l Warehousin

g an d Storag e Marin e Carg o Handling Chemical s an

d Allied Products , NE

C Petroleu mBul k Stations&Terminal s Petroleu mProducts , NE

C n/ a Numbe r o f Facilitie s 3 0 7 2 23 5 1 27 5 VO C Emission s

(tpy ) 19,70 7 2,07 8 38 0 79,70 7 20 2 102,07 4 Source : AIR S Database , U.S
. EPA
.


## 0P.1 2

V Mem

o t o Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13 , 199 8 Pag e 1 1 Pipelin e Facilitie s Pipelin e facilitie s ar

e usuall y subsidiarie s o

f oi l an d ga s producin g companies
. Tw o type s of pipeline s compris e thi s sourc e category , crud e oi l pipeline s and produc t

(non-gasoline ) pipelines
. Product s transporte d ma y consis t o f refined petroleumo

r manufacture d liqui d chemicals
. A s o f 1997 , there wer

e approximately 16 8 companie s operatin g pipeline s throughout th e continenta l Unite d States , Alaska , and Hawaii. 5

- 6 Thes e 16 8 companie s wer e operatin g approximatel y 1,01 0 individua l pipelin e facilitie s within th e sam e geographi c locales
. Th

e State s wit h th e mos t pipelin e facilitie s include Texas , California , and Pennsylvania
. For amor e detaile d presentatio n of

pipelin e facilities , refe

r to Table 6
. Tabl e 7 present s th e 1 0 larges t pipelin e operatin g companie s a s o f 1996
. SIC code s tha

t appl y t o th e pipelin e industr

y predominantly fal

l unde r Majo r Grou p 46 , Industr y Grou p Numbe r 4610 , wit h th e following 4-digit

codes : 1
. 4612~Crud e PetroleumPipeline s 2
. 461 3 --Refined PetroleumPipeline s 3
. 4619-Pipelines , No t Elsewher e Classified
. Som e pipeline s ma

y als o fal l under Majo r Grou p 47 , Industr

y Grou p Numbe r 4780 , SI C cod e 4789-Transportatio n Services , No t Elsewher e Classified
. Th e AIR S databas e wa s querie d fo r VO C forth e abov e liste d SIC code s and Tabl e 8 i s summar y ofth e results
. A s wa s th e cas e fo r th e separate/stand-alon e distributio n terminals , onl y facilitie s emittin g a

t leas t 10 0 tp y o f VO C ar e include d in th e database
. Compare d to othe

r modes , pipeline s ca

n transpor t liquid s a t ver y lo w cos t an d hav e ver y larg e capacities
. I

n 199 0 alone , interstat

e pipeline s delivere d 6. 6 billio n barrel s of crud e oi l an d 4. 8 billio n barrel s of

products. 8 B y 1995 , th e numbe r increase d t o 12. 8 billio n barrel s (5.3 7 x 10 " gal ) o f

crude oi l an

d products , an

d fel l slightly i n 199 6 to 12. 6 billio n barrel s (5.2 9 x 10 " gal). 9 A breakdow n ofth e latter figur e reveal s tha

t in 1995 , 6.9 5 billio n barrel s (2.9 2 x 10 " gal ) o f crud e oi l an d 5.9 1 billio n barrel s (2.4 8 x 10 " gal ) o f product s wer

e distribute d through interstate pipelines
. O f interes t t o th e Organi c Liquid s Distributio n NESHA P ar e breakout station s and tan

k farms becaus e they ma

y b e th e highes t

sourc e of emission s fro

mpipelin e operations
. Breakout tank s occur

a t man y station s alon g pipeline s an d serve t o sort , measure , reroute , an d stor e crude oil
. Thes e tank s ar

e als o use d fo

r controllin g surg e capacitie s o f crude oil
. Currently , ther

e ar e approximatel y 9,000 such tank s in th e industry
. Eigh t thousan d of

thes e tank s rang e i n siz e from 1,00 0 barrel s (42,00 0 gal ) to 100,000 barrel s (420,00 0 gal). 1 0 Mos t o f thes e storag e tank s ar

e thought t o b e externa

l floating roo f

tanks. " 

# WP.1 3

\, Mem

o to Stev e Shedd Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 1 2 TABL E 6
. PIPELIN

E FACILITIE S B Y STAT

E
Stat e

Alabam a Alask a Arizon a Arkansas Californi a Colorad o Connecticu t Florid a Georgi a Hawai i Idaho Illinoi s Indian a Iow a Kansas Kentuck y Louisian a Main e Marylan d Massachusett

s Michiga n Minnesot a Mississipp i Missour i Numbe r o f

Pipelin e Facilitie s 2 4 5 1 1 1 4 7 1 1 0 10 9 4 5 5 8 4 0 3 5 3 4 1 9 9 1 7 4 1 3 6 3 4 1 7 1 3 2 2 Percen to f

Tota l
2. 4 0.5 1. 0 1. 4 7. 0 1. 0 1. 0 0. 9 4. 5 0. 5 0. 8 4. 0 3. 5 3.4 1. 9 0. 9 1. 7 0. 4 1. 3 0. 6 3. 4 1. 7 1. 3 2. 2 Stat e

Montana Nebraska Nevad a Ne w Jerse

y Ne w Mexic o Ne w Yor k Nort h Carolina Nort h Dakot a Ohi o Oklahom a Orego n Pennsylvani a Sout h Carolina Sout h Dakot a Tennesse e Texa s Uta h Virgini a Washingto n Washingto n D C Wes tVirgini a Wisconsi n Wyomin g Tota l Numbe r o f

Pipelin e Facilitie s 10 1 4 6 23 2 2 43 3 5 6 4 5 19 8 5 4 2 0 9 2 9 92 3 3 9 1 4 3 2 3 2 7 1,01 0 Percen to f

Tota l
1. 0 1. 4 0. 6 2. 3 2. 2 4. 3 3. 5 0. 6 4. 5 1. 9 0. 8 5. 4 2. 0 0. 9 2. 9 9. 1 0. 3 3. 9 1. 4 0.3 0. 2 3. 2 0. 7 100 Source : 199 7 Petroleum Termina l Encyclopedia . 

# sP.1 4

Mem o to Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 1 3 TABL E 7
. TH E TE N LARGES T INTERSTAT E LIQUID S PIPELINE S B Y MILEAG E AN D TRUNKLIN

E TRAFFIC Compan y
Koc h Pipeline s Inc
. Amoc o Pipeline Co
. Mid-Americ aPipelin e Co
. William s Pipeline Co
. Mobi l Pip e Line Co
. Exxo n Pipeline Co
. Conoc o Pip e Line Co
. Texac o Pipeline Inc
. Colonia l Pipeline Co
. Shel l Pipelin e Co
. Total-199 6 Percen t o f Tota l Facilitie s Mileag e

17,60 1 10,53 3 7,63 2 7,29 6 6,91 5 6,61 5 5,86 7 5,53 9 5,34 9 5,16 9 78,51 6 46.3 4 Compan y Colonia l Pipeline Co
. Lakehea d Pip e Lin e Co
. B P Pipeline s (Alaska) , Inc
. Explore r Pipeline Co
. Plantation Pip e Line Co
. Shel l Pip e Line Corp
. Exxo n Pipeline Co
. T E Product s Pipeline Co
. Amoco Pipeline Co
. ARCO Trans
. Alaska , Inc
. Total-199 6 Percen t o f Tota l Facilitie s Trunkline traffic ,

million bbl-miles 710,11 5 388,74 8 224,98 0 136,20 1 129,27 3 115,73 6 109,68 3 103,22 3 90,53 6 89,22 1 2,097,71 6 7.4 8 Source : Oil an

d Ga s Journal , Augus t

4 , 1997
.

TABL E 8
. PIPELIN

E FACILITIE S REPORTE D I N AIR S DATABAS E B Y SIC CODE SI C Code 461 2 461 3 461 9 478 9

' Tota l Industr y Type Crud e Petroleu mPipe Line s Refine d Petroleu mPip e Line s Pip e Lines , NE

C Transportatio n Services , NE C n/ a Numbe r o f Facilitie s 3 5 3 1 1 4 7 1 VO C Emission s (tpy ) 8,61 3 8,26 3 23 6 1,64 2 18,75 4 Source : AIRS Database , U.S
. EPA
. 

# 3P.1 5

i Mem o t o Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 1 4 Specifi c type s o

f pipelin e facilitie s identifie d by th e America n Petroleu mInstitute (API ) i n a1997 emissio n facto

r project 1 2 are : 1
. Originatin g pum

p station s 2
. Booste

r pum p station s 3
. Breakout

pum p station s 4
. Centra

l shipping station s 5
. Terminals
. Withi n thes e facilities , AP

I inventorie d and surveye d th e followin g componen t categorie s fo r fugitiv e emissions : 1
. 2
. 3
. 4
. 5
. 6
. 7
. 8
. Threade d connection s Tubin g connection s Flange s Valve s Ope n ended line s Pressur e relie f valve s Pum p seal s Miscellaneou s Furthermore , thes e component s wer e oftentime s groupe d a s follows : header , meter loop , pump , tan k farm , and sum

p area . It i s believe d tha

t di e principa

l sourc e of emission s frompipeline s come s fromth e filling o f

tank s a t breakout stations
. Applicabl e contro l technologie s an d achievabl e level s o f

contro l are thought

t o b e simila

r to thos e describe d in th e Contro l Technologie s section
. Compounding/Blending/Packagin g Facilitie s Facilitie s exis t

withi n th e Unite d State s dia t compoun d an d blen d an d distribute organi c liquid s witi i HA

P content
. Man

y of thes e facilitie s stor

e HAP-containin g liquids , whic h they blen d i n container s u

p to abou t 8,50 0 gallon s in size , an

d packag e into container s rangin g from u p to about 60 0 gallon s t

o les s tha n 1 gallon
. Blendin g an

d packagin g operation s ma

y b e carried ou

t a t separat e (dedicated ) facilities , o r they ma y b e collocate d wit

h agenera l distributio n termina

l operation
. I n turn , adistributio n termina l tha t include s thes e activitie s ma y b e collocate d wit

h achemica

l productio n plant

or a petroleu mrefinery
. Applicabl e SI

C code s fo r thi s industr

y segmen t primarily include Majo

r Grou p 51 , SIC code 5169 , "Chemical s and Allie d Products , No t Elsewher e Classified. " Thes e are 

# HP.1 6

/ Mem o to Stev e Shedd Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 1 5 "establishment s primaril y engage d i n m e wholesal e distributio n o

f chemical s an

d allie d products. " Include d i n dii s SIC cod e ar e establishment s tha

t distribut e solvents , aromati c chemicals , an d acids , an d als o facilitie s suc h a s chemica

l bulk station s and terminals
. The AIR S databas e list s only tw o facilitie s tha t emi t 10 0 tpy/yr of VO C or more . I n total , tiiese tw o facilitie s emi t

38 0 tp y VOC/yr
. Th e National Associatio n o f Chemica l Distributor s (NACD ) i s atrade organizatio n tha t represent s facilitie s tha

t ar e involve d in compounding and blendin g of chemicals
. Th e NAC D represent s companie s tha

t are involve d i

n (among others) : 1
. Liqui d custo mblendin g an d packaging 2
. Laborator

y reagent s and fine chemical s 3
. Organi c an d relate d solvents
. Whil e th e NAC D directory 1 3 list s it s membe r companies , i t

doe s not provide an

y informatio n o n th e number s an d location s o f specifi c facilitie s owned o

r operate d b y thos e companies
. Th e NACD ha s informed th e EP A projec t tea mtha t som e of it s larges t membe r facilitie s include : 1
. Va n Water s an d Rogers , Inc
. 2
. Hollan d Chemica

l Internationa

l 3
. Elli s an d Everar

d (U S Holdings ) Inc
. 4
. Chemcentra

l Corporatio n 5
. SOC O Chemical , Inc
. Tabl e 9 provide s alistin g o f companie s tha

t perfor mblendin g an

d packagin g operations
. Thi s lis t i s no t complet e because , a s describe d above , no t al l o f acompanie s facilitie s are liste d i n the NACD directory
. Fro minformatio n gathere d t o date , railcar s and tan k truck s represen

t th e predominant mode s o f transfe r an d conveyanc e int

o thi s typ e of

facility
. It

i s possibl e tha

t som e facilitie s als o receiv e product s by pipeline , especially whe n the y ar e collocate d wit

h genera l distributio n terminals
. Som

e facilitie s ma

y als o receiv e liquid s by drum s or othe r containers
. Outgoin g mode s o f transportatio n ma

y include drums , specialt

y liqui d container s (variou s sizes) , tan k trucks , railcars , or

pipelines
. Emissio n sources , applicabl e contro l technologies , an d achievabl e level s o f

contro l ar e though t to b e simila

r to thos e describe d in th e Contro l Technologie s section
. Collocate d Distributio n Facilitie s Man y chemica l and petrochemica

l companie s an

d petroleumrefinerie s ma

y hav e distributio n facilitie s in th e for mof tan k farms an d pipeline s tha

t ar e collocate d (contiguou s and unde r commo n control ) wit

h manufacturing facilities
. Thes e distributio n facilitie s woul d serv e



# 1 5P.1 7

Mem o to Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 1 6 simila r function s t o thos e describe d in th e separat e (stand-alone ) termina

l source , th e only differenc e bein g tha

t thes e facilitie s receiv e their materia l from acollocate d productio n facility
.
TABL E 9
. COMPOUNDING/BLENDING/PACKAGING FACILITIE S B Y STATE 1 2
Stat e Alabama Arkansa s Californi a Colorado Connecticut Delawar e Florid a Georgi a Illinoi s Indian a Iow a Kansa s Kentuck y Louisian a Main e Maryland Massachusett s Michiga n Minnesot a Missour i Montan a Numbe

r o f Facilitie s 3 2 2 9 2 6 2 6 1 1 3 0 7 1 1 2 3 I 4 1 3 1 0 4 8 1 Percen

to f Tota l 1. 0 0. 7 9. 5 0. 7 2. 0 0. 7 2. 0 3. 6 10. 0 2. 3 0.3 0 0. 3 0. 7 1. 0 0. 3 1. 3 4. 2 3. 3 1.3 2. 6 0. 3 Stat

e Nevada Ne w Hampshir

e Ne w Jerse y Ne w Mexic o Ne w Yor k Nort h Carolin a Ohi o Oklahom a Orego n Pennsylvani a Rhod e Islan d Sout h Carolin a Tennessee Texa s Uta h Virgini a Washingto n Wes t Virgini a Wisconsi n Wyomin g Tota l Numbe

r o f Facilitie s 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 7 2 9 1 3 2 5 4 1 3 2 3 2 5 5 1 5 1 307 Percento f

Tota l 0.3 0. 3 6. 8 0.7 6. 8 2. 3 9. 5 0. 3 1. 0 8. 1 1. 3 0. 3 1. 0 7. 5 0. 7 1. 6 1. 6 0. 3 1. 6 0« 3 10 0 Source : 199

7 NACD Directory
.


## /f eP.1 8

Mem o to Stev e Shedd Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 1 7
HAP-containin g liquid s ma y b e store d i

n thes e facilitie s an

d the n distribute d vi ath e variou s mode s of transfer/delivery
. A t present , applicabl e SIC code s fo r collocate d distributio n facilitie s ar e considere d to fal l under Majo r Grou p 51 , whic h include s SI

C cod e 5169 , "Chemical s and Allie d Products , No t Elsewher e Classified. " I t

i s conceivabl e tiiat

ther e ma y b e som e overla p in SIC code s wit

h facilitie s regulate d b y th e Hazardou s Organi c NESHA P (HON ) and/or th e Refiner

y NESHAP
. The investigatio n o f

applicabl e SIC code s will continu e a s th e industr y definitio n i s furthe

r refined
. I t i s currentl y thought

tha t emissio n source s a

t collocate d distributio n facilitie s are simila r to thos e i n th e separat

e (stand-alone ) distributio n facilit y subcategory
. I t

i s als o assume d tha

t applicabl e contro l technologie s and achievabl e level s of contro l ar e simila r to thos e describe d i n th e Contro l Technologie s section
. CONCLUSION S Th e industr

y subcategorie s discusse d in thi s memorandu mwere selecte d base d o n difference s in technica

l characteristic s amon

g the facilitie s in thos e subcategories
. Thes e difference s includ e liqui d types , mode s o f transfer , facilit

y locations , an d likelihoo d o f availabl e control s (suc h a s ma

y occu r a t acollocate d facility)
. N o specifi c conclusion s ca n b e draw n a

t thi s time concernin g th e nee d fo r differen t contro l standard s among thes e facilit y types
. A

n analysi s of result s fromth e industr

y surve y will b e mad

e to determin e whethe

r separat e MAC T floor s ar e appropriat

e fo r th e individua

l subcategories
.



# nP.1 9

\ Mem

o to Stev e Shed

d Augus t 13,199 8 Pag e 1 8 REFERENCE S
1
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l Register
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l Lis t of Categorie s Unde

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. e

t al
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. 4
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. 5
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Managemen

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al
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. Newton , Denis e et

al
. Petroleu

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n L
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. Page s 28-33 , 37-40
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. 9
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n R
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. 10
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. Ma

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l Emissio n Standard s fo

r Hazardou s Ai

r Pollutant s fo

r Oil and Natura

l Ga s Productio n Facilities
. 11
. Gasolin e Distributio n Industr y (Stag e 1 ) - Background Informatio n fo r Propose d Standards
. U.S
. EPA , OAQPS
. Research Triangl e Park , NC
. 1994
. 12
. Webb , Michael
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. America

n Petroleu mInstitut e (API ) Publicatio n Numbe r 4653
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. 13
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l Associatio n of

Chemica l Distributor s (NACD)
. NACD Directory
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. 1997
. 

# 2