A-96-1 7 

ll-B-4 

-

EASTERN RESEARCH GROUP. INC. 

TO: Fred Porter, EPAESD 

FROM: Jack Johnson 

DATE: June 25, 1999 

SUBJECT: Emissions Data Conversions And Calculations in the ICCR Emissions Test 

Database 

1.0 INTRODUCTION 

This document describes how emissions data in the Industrial Combustion Coordinated 

Rulemaking (ICCR) emissions test database were processed by Eastern Research Group (ERG) 

to develop standard pollutant concentrations and emission factors. Emissions test databases were 

developed to serve as repositories of emissions information for combustion sources of interest to 

the ICCR effort. ERG developed databases of emissions data for boilers, incinerators, 

indirect-fired process heaters, and landfill gas flares, and another EPA contractor developed 

databases of emissions data for turbines and reciprocating internal combustion engines. This 

memorandum discusses the emissions test databases (ETD) developed by ERG for the ICCR 

effort and specifically addresses the unit conversions and calculations used in the databases. 

The ETD were developed and released by EPA as several individual databases with each 

database containing data from different test reports and having a distinct version number. This 

approach allowed users of the database to access the data as they became available rather than 

wait until all data had been entered and processed. This memorandum covers the following 

versions of the ETD: 

9 NN)ZW EM OSU) AThCALC.WPD 1 tw\K\%S 
e Version 1.0 (V1.0) released by EPA on June 27, 1997; 

e Version 2.0 (V2.0) released by EPA on March 10, 1998; 

e Version 3.0 (V3.0) released by EPA on April 28, 1998; 

e Supplemental Version 4.1 (V4.1) released by EPA on June 30,1998; and 

e Supplemental Version 4.2 (V4.2) reIeased by EPA on August 6, 1998. 

Because data in Versions 1.O and 2,0 are included in Version 3.0, Versions 1.Oand 2.0 are not 

discussed here. Version 3.0 and supplemental additions V4.1 and V4.2 were the latest versions 

available as of September 20, 1998, when the ICCR Federal Advisory Committee charter 

expired. 

This memorandum is divided into the following sections: 

1.0 Introduction; 

2.0 Development Of Standard Concentrations; 

3.0 Development Of Emission Factors; 

4.0 Quality Assurance (QA) Of Emissions Data Conversions And Calculations 

5.0 References; 

Appendix A: Glossary; 

Appendix B: Conversion Equations and Computer Codes; and, 

Appendix C: Descriptions Of Database Fields Added During Conversions And 

Calculations 

NOTE: Technical terms and acronyms used in the text, tables, and appendices of this 

memorandum are described in Appendix A. 

2 
2.0 DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARD CONCENTRATIONS 

One purpose of developing the ETD was to compare pollutant emissions levels measured 

at different facilities. The pollutant emissions data that were reported in the test reports and 

extracted and entered into the ETD are expressed in many different units of measurement. In 

order to make comparisons of pollutant emission levels measured at different facilities, it was 

necessary to convert the reported emissions data from all facilities to a standard unit of 

measurement. 

Standard Concentration5 

In defining a standard unit of measurement, EPA determined that a standard unit was 

needed for pollutants that are emitted as gases (volatile, semi-volatile pollutants), a second 

standard unit was needed for pollutants that are emitted as solids or particulate matter (PM), and 

a third standard unit was needed for pollutants that exhibit radioactivity (radionuclides). 

Generally, emissions of volatile pollutanrs are reponed on a relative basis, such as volume of 

pollutant per volume of stack gas, and emissions of pollutants emitted as PM are reported on an 

absolute basis, such as mass of pollutant per volume of stack gas. Radionuclide emissions are 

reported on an absolute basis in units of amount of radioactivity released per unit of time. 

Semi-volatile pollutant emissions may be reported on either a relative or absolute basis. 

Therefore, EPA defined the standard concentration unit for volatile and semi-volatile pollutants 

to be unit volume of pollutant per billion units of volume of stack gas at an oxygen concentration 

of three percent, or part of pollutant per billion parts of stack gas at an oxygen concentration of 

three percent (ppb @ 3960,). The standard unit defined for pollutants emitted as P31 was 

micrograms of pollutant per dry standard cubic meter of stack gas at an oxygen concentration of 

three percent @g/dscrn @ 3%0,). The standard unit developed for radionuclides was 

microcuries per dry standard cubic meter of stack gas at an oxygen concentration of three percent 

&Ci/dscm 0 3% 0,). A curie (Ci) is a unit of radioactivity and is defined as 3.70 X 10" 

disintegrations per second. 

3 
Conversion Ea-uation~ 

Equations were developed to convert the emissions data from the units as extracted and 

entered into standard units. An equation was developed for each combination of pollutant type 

(volatile/semi-volatile, PM, radionuclide), reported emissions units, and, where applicable, 

sample volume units. Table B. 1 in Appendix B lists each combination of pollutant type, 

emissions units, and, where applicable, sample volume units found in ETD Versions 3Q4.1, 

and 4.2. Also, for each combination, the table identifies in which version(s) it was included. 

Table B.2 presents the mathematical terms and operations used in each equation by equation 

number. Each equation was translated into a computer code and the codes for all equations were 

combined to form a computer program. The emissions data, as entered, were converted to 

standard units by applying the computer program to the data. After the data were converted, the 

results were rounded off to three significant digits. The computer code developed for each 

equation is provided in Table B.3 by equation number. The database fields containing data used 

in conversions and the fields containing the results of conversions are described in Appendix C. 

Revisions To Conversion Equations 

Two mathematical constants used in some of the conversion equations were revised after 

Versions 3.0,4.1, and 4.2 of the ETD were developed and during development of later versions 

released after the ICCR process ended. The constant used to represent absolute zero temperature 

on the Rankine scale was revised from -460 to -459.67 and the constant used as the percent of 

oxygen in ambient air was revised from 20.9 to 20.946. The constants used in Version 3.0,4.1, 

and 4.2 are not incorrect; they were revised to increase the accuracy of the results produced by 

the conversion equations. 

Corrections To Conversion Eauations 

After Versions 3.0,4.1 and 4.2 of the ETD were developed, errors were found in some of 

the conversion equations. The equations with errors are identified in Table B.3. The errors are 

described below. 

4 
The constant used to convert cubic feet to cubic meters, and vice versa, was found 

to be incorrectly rounded. A value of 35.3 14 ft3/m3 was used instead of the 

correct value of 35.3 15. It should be noted that, in most cases, the error has an 

insignificant effect on the final result. 

The English and metric values used as the volume of one mole of gas at standard 

temperature and pressure were incorrect. Metric values used were 0.0224 or 

0.02404 dscdg mole instead of the correct value of 0.024056 dscdg mole. The 

English value used was 385.55 dscf/lb mole instead of the correct value of 

385.34 dscf/lb mole. 

One equation (EQ.051) was incorrect because it was not adjusted for the oxygen 

content (07%) - of the stack gas. 

Four equations (EQ.059, EQ.088, EQ.090, EQ.094) were incorrect because they 

included an adjustment to standard temperature when no adjustment for 

temperature should be included. These equations convert emissions data entered 

on a relative volume basis to ppb @ 3% 07,which is also on a relative volume 

basis. Emissions data expressed on a relatrve volume basis do not change with 

temperature and, therefore, the data should not be adjusted for temperature. 

0 The computer code for one equation (EQ.020) was revised after release of 

Version 3.0 because of what appeared to be a typographical error. A constant 

used in the code with a value of 62500000000 was changed to the correct value of 

64200000000 in Versions 4.1 and 4.2. 

All of these errors in the equations were corrected after the release of Version 4.2 except 

for the error in Equation 5 1 and the correction to Equation 20. which were corrected between 

releases of Version 3.0 and 4.1. 

Run Emissions Data Based On Detection Limits 

In database Version 3.0, when the reported emissions data for one or more runs was based 

on the method detection limit (non-detect runs), the largest of the values reported for the 

non-detect runs was used to calculate the emissions in standard concentrations units for all 

non-detect runs. For example, suppose Run 1 was non-detect and the reported emissions value 

of 1.0 gr/dscf was based on the method detection limit. Run 2 was also non-detect and the 

reported value of 2.0 gr/dscf was based on the detection limit. Results for Run 3 were 4.0 gr/dscf 

and were based on a detected value. The largest non-detect value (2.0 gr/dscf) would be used to 

twWU59NS02WEMOSU3AT.ACALC. 5 WPD 
'calculatethe emissions in standard concentration units for both Run 1 and Run 2. The value 

reported for Run 3 (4.0 gr/dscf) would be used to calculate the emissions in standard units for 

Run 3. 

Non-detect runs in Versions 4.1,4.2 and subsequent versions were treated differently. 

The value reported for each non-detect run was used to calculate the emissions in standard units 

for that run. 

3.0 DEVELOPkIENT OF EMISSION FACTORS 

Similar to defining the standard units of measurement for emissions data, a standard unit 

of measurement for emission factors was defined as pounds of pollutant emitted per million 

British thermal units of heat input from the fuel (IbMIvlBtu). Basing the emission factors on 

heat input (IvMBtu) rather than the amount of fuel used (tonshr, gallons/hr, poundshr, etc.) 

allows for a comparison between factors from different facilities and between factors from 

different fuel types. The following approach was used to develop the emission factors: 

Step 1: Develop conversion factors for each test included in the Equipment Table. 

Conversion factors are in units of dry standard cubic feet of stack gas at zero percent 

oxygen per million Btu of heat input (dscf/MMBtu @ 0960,). -

Step 3: Develop emission factor equations that (a) convert the pollutant emissions data in 

standard units (pddscm @ 3%07, ppb @ 3%07) to Ib/dscf @ 3%0,, and (b) multiply 

the converted emissions data by ;he conversion Factors (from Step 1) to obtain emission 

factors in lb/MMBtu. 

In Step 1, a conversion factor was developed for and added to each record (row of data) in 

the Equipment table. A hierarchal approach based on available data was used to develop the 

conversion factors. The hierarchy is shown below in order of most preferred to least preferred: 

0 An F-factor based on an analysis of the fuel being burned during the test and 

provided in the test report was used as the conversion factor. (See Appendix A: 

Glossary for a description of F-factors.) 

6 
e An average of F-factors reported for other tests at the same facility burning the 

same me of fuel was used as the conversion factor. 

0 The fuel flow rate reported in MMBtu/hr, the reported stack gas flow rate in 

dscfm, and the reported oxygen content of the stack gas in percent were used to 

calculate the conversion factor. 

0 The average heat input reported in MMBtu/hr, the reported stack gas flow rate in 

dscfm, and the reported oxygen content of the stack gas in percent were used to 

calculate the conversion factor. 

e The reported fuel flow rate in units of mass or volume per unit of time, the 

reported heating value of the fuel in Btu per unit of mass or volume, the reported 

stack gas flow rate in dscfm, and the reported oxygen content of the stack gas in 

percent were used to calculate the conversion factor. 

0 An F-factor provided in Method 19 specific to the fuel being burned during the 

test was used as the conversion factor’. 

0 An average of conversion factors calculated for tests at other facilities burning the 

same type of fuel was used as the conversion factor. 

0 An F-factor provided in Method 19 for a fuel similar to that burned during the test 

was used as the conversion factor‘. Example: The F-factor provided in 

Method 19 for natural gas was used as a conversion factor for the fuel ‘bprocess 

gas.” 

0 An average of two or more F-factors provided in Method 19 for fuels similar to 

those burned during the test was used as conversion factor. Example: The 

F-factors provided in Method 19 for wood and for municipal solid waste were 

averaged to develop the conversion factor for the fuel “wood/solid waste.” 

0 An average of conversion factors developed from other facilities burning a similar 

fuel and an F-factor provided in Method 19 for a similar fuel were averaged to 

develop the conversion factor. Example: The average of conversion factors 

developed for facilities burning medical waste and the Method 19 F-factor for 

municipal waste were averaged to develop a conversion factor for the fuel type 

“medical waste/so1id waste.” 

After conversion factors for each record in the ETD were developed, the emission factor 

equations were developed in Step 2. One equation was developed to convert emissions data in 

pugldscm @ 3% 0, to lb/dscf and multiply by the conversion factor and a second equation was 

developed to convert ppb @ 3% 0, to Ib/dscf and multiply by the conversion factor. The 
emission factor equations are included in Table B.2 and are numbered EQ.044 and EQ.045. The 

emission factor equations were translated to computer code and the code was applied to the 

emissions data to calculate the emission factors. The computer codes for EQ.044 and EQ.045 are 

provided in Table B.3. 

4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE (QA) OF EMISSIONS DATA CONVERSIONS 

AM) CALCULATIONS 

Quality assurance was performed on the conversion equations and emission factor 

equations after they were developed, on the computer code after the equations were transcribed to 

code, and on the results of conversions and calculations after the computer code was applied to 

the data. Each QA step is described in the following paragraphs. 

OA of Equation Development 

The approach or method used by each conversion equation and emission factor equation 

was checked to confirm that it produced the desired results. For example, the equation that 

converts emissions in gr/dscf to ,ug/dscm @ 3% 0, was checked to confirm that the result is in 

pg/dscm @ 3% 0, and not in Ib/dscm 0 3% O,, which could happen if the conversion from 

pounds to micrograms was omitted. 

The conversion equations and emission factor equations were QA'd to confirm that 

correct values for constants were used and that they were used consistently. For example, each 

equation that involves converting cubic feet to cubic meters, or vice versa, was checked to verify 

that a value of 35.3 15 cubic feetkubic meters was used and not another number. Also, each 

applicable equation was checked to confirm that the same number of significant figures were 

used in conversion factors throughout all equations. For example, 35.3 15 cubic feetkubic meters 

was checked to confirm it was used consistently and not 35.32 or 35. 

Each conversion equation was checked to determine if it should include an adjustment to 

standard temperature. A temperature adjustment is necessary when an equation converts 
emissions on a volume-per-volume basis to a mass-per-volume basis (e.g., ppb to pg/dscm), or 

vice versa, or when an equation converts mass-per-volume to mass-per-volume (e.g., Ib/dscf to 

pg/dscm). However, when an equation converts emissions on a volume-per-volume basis to a 

volume-per-volume basis (e.g., pprn to ppb), the equation should not include an adjustment for 

temperature. Unless the standard temperature for emissions measurements was the same as 

EPA’s standard temperature (68 degrees Fahrenheit), the result produced by such an equation 

would be incorrect. 

Each conversion equation was checked to confirm that the adjustment to three percent 

oxygen was calculated correctly. For example, the equation that converts ppm to ppb @ 3% 0, 

uses the 0, percent measured in the stack gas in the calculation: ((20.946 - 3)/(20.946 -

RunO2)). However, the equation that converts ppm @ 8% 0,- to ppb @ 3% 0, uses 8% in the 

adjustment rather than the stack 0,: ((20.946 - 3)/(20.946 - 8)). 

OA of Computer Code 

After each equation was transcribed to computer code, the code was QA’d to confirm that 

the transcription was performed correctly. This involved confirming that parentheses and 

mathematical operators (symbols for addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) were 

positioned correctly to produce the desired result. 

Numerical values were also checked to see that they were transcribed correctly. For 

example, Equation 003 contains the mathematical operations “1/7000 * 

453.59* 1000000*35.314”, while the computer code for Equation 003 contains “2290000”, which 

is the result produced by the mathematical operations (2288362) rounded off to three significant 

digits. 

OA of Results of Conversions and Calculations 

After the conversions and calculations were performet, on the emissions data by the 

computer code, the results were QA’d. For each equation used in the database, at least one 

9 twU<.\859NS\O?UIE,LIOSU)XTXCALC.WPD 
record in the emissions units applicable to the equation was selected and the calculations 

performed by the equation were repeated manually using the emissions data. The results 

produced by the manual calculations were compared to the results produced by the computer 

code (program). 

5.0 REFERENCES 

1. Code of Federal Regulations 40, Part 60, Method 19. 

2. Memorandum from Jack Johnson, ERG,to Fred Porter, EPA/ESD, Extraction of Data 

From Emissions Test Reports Used to Develop the ICCR Emissions Test Database. 

June 25, 1999. 

10 
APPENDIX A 

GLOSSARY 
Glossary 

Technical terms and acronyms used in the text and tables of this memorandum are described or 

defined here. 

. - - .. . .

.. .. . ._’._...-

‘...ii.l . . _. .’ L., . ... . .. -. . ._. ._._._ . I .-..... Description ’- . . . - .... .... .:.~ :.. r ~

~ 

Percent. A relative unit of measurement; used to express relative 

concentrations on a mass or volume basis. 

Used in conjunction with emissions concentration units to show that the 

emissions are based on the indicated percent of 0, in the stack gas. 

Generally indicates that emissions concentrations based on the actual 0, 

concentration in the stack gas have been adjusted to the indicated percent 

of O2 in the stack gas. ~ 

@ 12%CO, Used in conjunction with emissions concentration units to show that the 

emissions are based on 12% CO, in the stack gas. Generally indicates 

that emissions concentrations based on the actual CO,- concentration in 

the stack gas have been Jdjusted to 12% CO,.­

0.024056 Volume in cubic meters of one mole of gas at one atmosphere and at 68 

degrees Fahrenheit. Value used in calculations for converting pollutant 

emissions expressed on a volume basis (e.g., ppm; ppb) to emissions 

expressed on a mass basis (e.g.. grams), and vice versa. In versions 3.0, 

4.1, and 4.3 a value of 0.02404 was used. 

1.0732 Constant used to convert Ym3 to dscm. One dry standard cubic meter at 

20 degrees Celsius = 1.0732 Normal cubic meters at zero degrees Celsius. 

20 Standard temperature in degrees Celsius. 

20.946 The amount of oxygen in the ambient air, expressed as a percent. Value 

used in converting concentrations and gas volumes from “as measured” to 

“3% 0,”. A value of 20.9 was used in versions 3.0,4.1, and 4.2. 

One cubic meter = 35.3 15 cubic feet. Value used in calculations for 

converting from English units to metric units, and vice versa. In versions 

3.0,4.1, and 4.2 a value of 35.314 was used. ~~ ~ ____~ I 385.34 Volume in cubic feet of one mole of gas at one atmosphere and at 68 

degrees Fahrenheit. Value used in calculations for converting pollutant 

emissions expressed on a volume basis (e.:.. ppm; ppb) to emissions 

expressed on a mass basis (e.g., pounds), and vice versa. In versions 3.0, 

4.1, and 4.2 a value of 385.55 was used. ~ ~~~~ 

One pound = 453.59 grams. Value used in calculations for converting 

from Endish units to metric units. and vice versa. 
.....-,._,- 

Glossary (Continued) 

..

... . .,...-._.”. .-

, ,~ ... .. . .. , ......... ,.-.- .... ._... ..- .. . .._.nB . ._.....-......_.,._.,. . . ’. -D&&ption .. ...,. . .~ . . - . ::-:*;;-:.%E -, .. !: . ..: .:‘;.. .;;;TZ* I459.67 A measurement of temperature on the Rankine scale used in adjusting gas 

volumes for changes in temperature. 459.67degrees Rankine = zero 

degrees Fahrenheit. A vdue of 460was used in Version 3.0,4.I and 4.2. 

168Standard temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. 

One pound = 7000 gains. Value used in calculations for converting I 7000 from grains to pounds.

I back ‘/z ppm Back half ppm. See descriptions for BH and ppm. 

Back Half. The second, or back, part of a sampling train after the filter; 

usually consists of impingers (bottles) containing chemical compounds 

that will react with, and collect, the target pollutant(s). Pollutants that are 

generally emitted as vapors or gases are collected in the back half. 

British Thermal Units. A unit of measurement for heat input. See H a 

Used 

Dry Normal 

to describe 

cubic 

the 

meter. 

basis 

See 

for emissions 

“Nm3”. 

concentrations. Concentrations 

~1 

reported as “dry” are based on a stack gas moisture content of zero 

percent. 

Dry standard cubic feet. A unit of measurement for stack gas volume; one 

cubic feet of gas at one atmosphere of pressure, 68 degrees Fahrenheit, 

and zero percent moisture content. 

Dry standard cubic meters. A unit of measurement for stack gas volume; 

one cubic meter of gas at one atmosphere of pressure, 20 degrees Celsius, 

and zero percent moisture content. 

Front Half. The front part of a sampling train; usually consists of a heated 

filter, probe, and nozzle. Pollutants that are generally emitted as solid 

particulate matter are collected in the front half. 

Front half particulate matter. Refers to the particulate matter collected in 

the front half of a sampling train. Also, see description for FH. 

Fuel Factor The ratio of the products of combustion of a fuel to the heat content of the 

(F-factor) fuel, expressed as dscf/MhiBtu @ 0% 0,. F-factors are fuel-specific and 

are determined by a laboratory analysis of the constituents of the fuel. 

L

Gram. A unit of measurement for mass. 

Grain. A unit of measurement for mas. 

I 
Glossary (Continued) 

L 

m3 

MCG 

Method Detection 

Limit; Detection 

Limit 

mg 

MMBtu 

Newexh 

nm 

Nm3 

Ci 

Pg 

PPb 

Liter. Assumed to be a dry standard liter for calculational purposes. 

Pound. A unit of measurement for mass. 

Metal. A code used to identify pollutants that are metals or are generally 

emitted as solid particulate matter. Some database versions use “s”. 

Cubic meter. Assumed to be dscm for calculational purposes. 

Microgram. A unit of measurement for mass. 

The smallest concentration of a target pollutant in a sample that can be 

detected by the sampling method used. When the actual pollutant 

concentration is below the detection limit and the pollutant was not 

detected in the sample, the reported concentration is based on the 

detection limit value. 

Milligram. A unit of measurement for mass. 

One million British Thermal Units. See Btu. 

Molecular Weight. 

A4term that identifies a variable in the computer code that converts 

emissions data to standard concentrations. The variable is the measured 

stack gas flow rate corrected to 68 degrees Fahrenheit and 3% O., 

Nanogram. A unit of measurement for mass. 

Non-metal. A code used to identify pollutants that are not metals or are 

generally emitted as gases or vapors. 

Normal cubic meter. A unit of measurement for volume. Assumed to be 

one cubic meter at one atmosphere of pressure at zero degrees Celsius and 

zero percent moisture content. One dry standard cubic meter ;it 

20 degrees Celsius = 1.0732 Normal cubic meters at zero degrees Celsius. 

Curie. A curie is the official unit of measurement for radioactivity and is 

defined as exactly 3.70 X 1010 disintegrations . per second.

Picogram. A unit of measurement for mass. 

Parts per billion. For calculational purpose, emissions reported in ppb are 

assumed to be on a dry. volume basis. 

Parts per billion, by volume. For calculational purpose, emissions 

reported in pubv are assumed to be on a drv basis. 

tw\E\8597U S02WEMOSU)ATACALC.WD 

A-3 I’i 
Glossary (Continued) 

ppm, as methane; A unit of measurement for relative concentrations and indicates that the 

PPm as C% 

PPm 

ppm, as propane 

~~ ~~ 

ppm, as carbon 

PPmvd 

runconcr 

S 

sample 

scm; scm, wet 

“parts” in “ppm” are parts methane. Generally used to report THC 

concentrations. Because there is one carbon atom in a methane molecule 

(CH& for each part measured as methane, there is one part carbon. Thus, 

one ppm THC, as methane = one ppm THC, as carbon. 

A unit of measurement for relative concentrations and indicates that the 

“parts” in “pprn” are nitric oxide (NO). Used to report NO, 

concentrations. Because there is one nitrogen atom in an NO molecule, 

one ppm NO,, as NO = one ppm NO, 

Parts per million. For calculational purpose, emissions reported in ppm 

are assumed to be on a dry, volume basis. 

Parts per million, dry basis. For calculational purposes, emissions 

reported in ppm. dry are assumed to be on a volume basis. 

A unit of measurement for relative concentrations and indicates that the 

“parts” in “ppm” are parts propane. Generally used to report THC 

concentrations. Because there are three carbon atoms in a propane 

molecule (C,H,), for each part measured ils propane, there are three parts 

of carbon. Thus, one ppm THC, as propane = 3 ppm THC, as carbon. ~~ 

A unit of measurement for relative concentrations and indicates that the 

“parts” in “ppm” are parts carbon. Generally used to report THC 

emissions as carbon. Because THC are generally reported on a carbon 

basis, one ppm THC, as carbon = one ppm THC. 

Parts per million by volume. For calculational purposes, emissions 

reported in ppmv are assumed to be on a dry basis. 

Parts per million by volume, dry basis. 

A term that identifies a variable in the computer code that converts 

emissions data to standard concentrations. The variable is the pollutant 

emissions data, as entered. 

Solid. A code used to identify pollutants that are metals or are generally 

emitted as solid particulate matter. Some database versions use “m”. 

The tori1 volume of stack gas sampled during a single test run. Also, see 

Train Volume Vnits. 

Standard cubic meter. A cubic meter at one atmosphere of pressure, 20 

degrees Celsius, and at the actual moisture content of the stack gas. 
Glossary (Continued) 

I sec Second. A unit of measurement for time. 

I Solid Phase See FH. 

stdtemp A term that identifies a variable in the computer code that converts 

emissions data to standard concentrations. The variable is the standard 

temperature on which emissions measurements are based. 

Train Volume The units of measurement used to express the total volume of stack gas 

Units sampled. 

Train The total volume of stack gas sampled during a single test run. Also, see 

I Train Volume Units.

Microgram. A unit of measurement for mass. 

Micrometer, or Micron. A unit of measurement for dimensions: generally 

used to express particulate matter particle size. 

See BH. 

wet Used to describe the basis for emissions concentrations. Concentrations 

reported as “wet” are based on the actual moisture content of the stack 

gas. For comparison, concentrations measured as “dry” (e.g., dscf) are 

based on a moisture content of zero percent. 
APPENDIX B 

CONVERSION EQUATIONS AND COMPUTER CODES 
Table B-1. Equation Numbers by Emissions Data Units and Pollutant Type 

[pprnvd. as CH, I Inm IEQ.027 I I I 
Table B-1. Equation Numbers by Emissions Data Units and Pollutant Type (Continued) 
Table B-1. Equation Numbers by Emissions Data Units and Pollutant Type (Continue 
Table B-1. Equation Numbers by Emissions DataUnitsand Pollutant Type(Continued) 

(a) nm =Non-metal pollutant s =soiid. or metal. pollutant. 

(b) A blank indicates there were no data in the applicable units. 

NED= No equation developed in this database version. 

UCC =Emissions data (units) can not be converted. 

B-4 
Table B-2. Conversion Equations 

~ 

EquationNo. Equation 

EQ.003 

EQ.004 

EQ.005 

EQ.006 

r 

EQ.007 

EQ.008 

EQ.009 

EQ.O1O 

EQ.01 I 

EQ.O 14 

EQ.0 I5 

EQ.0 16 

EQ.0 1 8 

EQ.019 

EQ.020 

EQ.02 1 

EQ.022 

EQ.024 

EQ.025 

EQ.026 

pg/dscm @ 3%02 = (gddscf) * (lbl7,OOO gd * (45359 gAb) * (l,OOO,OOOpg/ g) * 

(35.314dscfldscm) * ((460 + Stdtemp)/(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) 

pg/dscm @ 3%02 = (lbldscfl * (453.59 @b) * (I,OOO,OOOpglg) * (35.314 dscfldscm) * 

((460 + stdtemp)/(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) 

pg/dscm 62 3%02 = (Ibhr) * (453.59 glib) * (I .OOO.OOO pplg) * (hd60 min) * (INewexh. dscflnin)

* (35.314 dscffdscm) 

pg/dscm @ 3%02 = (mg/dscf)* (1,000 wglmg) * (35.314 dscfldscm) * ((460 + stdtemp)/(460 + 68))

* ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - RunO2)) 

pg/dscm 62 3560, = (mg/dscm) * (1,000.xg/mg) ((460 + stdtemp)/(460+ 68)) * ((20.9 ­ 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) 

pg/dscm @ 3%02 = mgL * (1000 ,ug/mg) * (1,000 Udscm) * ((460 + stdtemp)/(460 + 68)) * 

((20.9 - 3M20.9 - RunO2)) 

pg/dscm @ 3560, = ppb (1/1,000,000,000) * (gam mole/0.024056 dscm) * (MW, g/g mole) * 

((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - RunO2)) 

p!g/dscm @ 3%02= (+g/dscm) ((460 - stdtemp 1/(460* 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) 

pg/dscm @ 3%0, = (mdtrain) * (train/ RunTrainVol, dsct] * (1,000 .g/mg) * (35.314 dscf/dscm) * 

((160 .+ stdtempiM-160 T 68)) ((70.9- ;i/f7_0.9 - RunO2)) 

pg/dscm @ 3%02= (pghrain) (l/RunTrainVol. dscf) (35.314 dscf’dscm) * ((460 + 

stdtemp)/(-160+ 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) 

p/g/dscm @ 3%02= (;LgjtraIn) * (1/RunTrain~’oi.dscf) (35.314 dscffdscm) * ((460 + 

stdtemp)/(460 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - RunO2)) 

pg/dscm @ 3%02 = (pgtrain) * (URunTrainVol, dscm) * ((460 + stdtemp)/(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 ­

3)/(20.9 - Run02)) 

3%0, = (gddscf) * (lb/7,000 gr) * (IblW, lbllb mole) * 

* ((460 - stdtemp)/(J60 + 68)) * ((209 - 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) ~ 

ppb @ 3%0, = (g/l.000.000.000.000 dscf) * (lbL‘000 g)* (IfilW, Ib/lb mole) * (385.34 dscfnb 

mole) * 1.000.000.000* ((360 + stdternpV(460 - 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - RunO2)) 

ppb @ 3%02 = (Ib/dscf) * ( l&W, lb/lb mole) * (385.33 dscf/lb mole) * 1,000,000,000* ((460 + 

stdtemp)/(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) ~­

ppb @ 3%02 = (Ib/hr) * ( IbIW. Ib/lb mole) * (385.34 dscYlb mole) * (hr/60 min) * (lMewEXH, 

dscfhin) * 1,000,000,000 

ppb @ 3%02= (msjdsct) * (g/l.OOO mg) * (lb/453.59 g) * (11MW, IbAb mole) * (385.34 dscf/lb 

mole) * 1.000.000.000 * ((460 t stdternp)/(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 

ppb @ 3%02= (rngdscm) * (g/l.OOO my)* (IlMW. g/g mole) * (0.023056 Jscrn/g mole) * 

1.000.000.000 ((160+ stdtemp)/(J60 + 65)) * ((30.9 - 31C0.9 - RunO2)) 

%O, = (rng/L) * (g/l,OOO rng) * (l&lW. gjs mole) * 

1,000.000.000 * ((160 + stdtemp)/(J60 - 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(?0.9 - Run02)) ~~~ 

ppb (3 3‘3~700~ = (ng/Jsct> * ~g/l,OOO.OOO.OOOng) * (lb/453.59 g) * (I/ MW, Ib/lb mole) * (385.34 

dscf/lb mole) * 1,000,000.000 * ((460 + stdtempV(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) 

ppb @ 3%02 = (ngldscm) * (g/l.OOO,OOO.OOO ng) * (1 hIW, g/g mole) * (0.024056 dscdg mole) * 

1,000,000.000 * ((360 + stdtemp)/(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) 

ppb @ 3%02= ppb * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - RunO2)) 

B-3 K:\BS97USU)Z~~EMOSU)ATXC.~LC.W PD 

Q.‘2 
Table B-2.Conversion Equations (Continued) 

EquationNo. Equation 

EQ.027 

EQ.028 

EQ.029 

EQ.03 1 

EQ.032 

EQ.035 

EQ.036 

EQ.037 

EQ.038 

EQ.039 

EQ.040 

EQ.04 1 

EQ.043 

EQ.044 

EQ.045 

EQ.046 

EQ.048 

EQ.05 1 

EQ.052 

ppb @ 3%02 = ppm (lo00 ppblppm) * ((20.9 - 3 l(20.9 - Run02)) 

ppb @ 3%02 = Otg/dsCf)* (g/1,o00,ooO erg) (IW453.59 g)* (l/MW, lbfib mole) * (385.34dscfflb 

mole) * 1.OOO.OOO,OOO * ((460 + stdtemp)/(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - Run02)) 

ppb @ 3%0, = bg/dscm) * (gA.OOO,ooO gg)* (I/MW, g/g mole) * (0.024056dscdg mole) * 

l.OOo,OOO,OOO * ((460 + stdtemp)/(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 

ppb @ 3%02 = ~g/d* ( I ,OOO.OOO mildscm) * (gll ,OOO,OOO pg) * (l/MW, g/g mole) * (0.024056 

dscdg mole) * ((460+ stdtemp) (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) * l.ooO.OOO,OOO 

ppb @ 3%02= pg/trin * (g/l,OOO.OOO,OOO,OOOpg) * (1bj453.59 g) * (I/MW, IbAb mole) * 

(lRunTrinVo1, dscf)) * (385.34 dscf/lb mole) * ((460+ stdtemp)/ (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) * 1.ooO,000.000 

ppb @ 3%02 = ng/hain * (g/l.OOO,OOO,OOO ng) * (1W453.59 g) * (traidRunTrainVo1, dscf) * 

(l/MW, lbAb mole) * (385.34 dscfAb mole) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 -

Run02)) * 1,000,000,000 

ppb @ 3760, = ng//train * (g/l ,OOO.OOO,OOOng)* (train/RunTninVol,dscm) * (0.024056 dscdg 

mole) * (1&W,g/gmole) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) * 

1,000.000.000 

ppb @ 3%01= ngtrain (g/1,000.000.000 ng) * (trainfRunTrainVol,dsl) * (1000 dsydscm) * 

(0.024056ds-cm/g mole) * ( IfilW. ¬e) * ((460t stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 -

Run02)) * 1,000,000,000 

ppb @ 3%0- = ;/gtrain * (g/1.000.000 lis) * (lbl453.59g) * (train/RunTrainVol,dscf) * (l/EuIW, 

Ib/lb mole) ;(385.34 dscf/lb mole) * ((460 + stdtemp)/ (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) * 

1,000,000,000 

ppb @ 3%0, = gghrain * (g/l,OOO,OOO ,+g)* (train/RunTrainVol, dscm) * (0.024056 dscdg mole) * 

(IfilW, g//gmole) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) * 1,000,000,000 

ppb @ 3'300, = ,ug/trin * (g/l,OOO,OOO,zg) * (train/RunTninVol,dsl) * (1000 dsvdscm) * 

(0.024056dscndg mole) * (IfilW, g//,gnole) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 -

Run02)) * 1,000,000,000 

ppb @ 3950, = mg/train * (gll.000 mg) * (lb/J53.49 8) * (tnin/RunTrainVol, dscfl * (IhVIw, IbAb 

mole) * (385.34 dscf/lb mole) * ((460 + stdtemp)/ (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) * 

1,oO0,000,000 

ppb @ 3%02 = mg/train * (g/l.OOO mg) * (traidRunTrainVo1. dsl) * (1000 dsl/dscm) * (0.024056 

dscm/g mole) * (l/MW, g//Jgmole)* ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) * 

1,o00,OOo,OOO 

Ib/TvlhfBtu= ppb @3% 0, * (billion/l,000,000,000)* (MW. IbAb mole) * (11385.34,dscfflb mole) 

(Conversion Factor. dscf 60% 0,hlMBtu) * ((20.9 - 0)/(20.9 - 3)) 

Ib/M,MBtu = &dscm @ 3% 0, * (g/l.O00,OOOpg) * (1b/453.59 8) * (dscnd35.3 15 dscf) * 

(Conversion factor. dscf @ 0% O,/h.IMBtu) :@ ((20.9 - 0)/(20.9- 3)) 

ppb @ 3%07- = 5%. pph * (10,000,000ppblpph) * ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 

ppb @ 3'30, = dtrain * (lb/453.59 g) * (traidRunTrainVol.dsct) * (IhlW, IbAb mole) * (385.34 

dscfnb mole) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9- 3) I (20.9 - RunO2)) * I,ooO.00O,OOO 

ppb @ 3802 = lb/MMBtu * (~lMBtu/(FuelFactor,dscf) * (IfilW, Ib/lb mole) * (385.34 dscfAb 

mole) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) l(20.9 - Run02)) * 1.ooO,OOO,ooO 

ppb @ 3%0, = mg/Wm3 * (g/looO mg) * (Nm3/1.0732 dscm) * 0.024056 dscdg mole) * (l/MW, 

g/g mole) * ((-160 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) 

23 

I 
Table B-2. Conversion Equations (Continued) 

Equation No. Equation 

EQ.053 pcgldscm @ 3%0, = mg/Nm3 * IO00 pg/mg * (Nm3/1.0732dscm) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) 

((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 

EQ.057 ppb @ 3%02 = ng/Nm3 * (gl1,OOO,OOO,OOOng) * (Nm3/1.0732 dscm) * (0.024056 dsdg mole) * 

(I/MW, g/g mole) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) * 1,OOO,OOO,OOO 

EQ.058 ppb @ 3%0, = pg/Nm3 * (g/l.OOO,OOO,OOO.OOOpg) * (N1n~11.0732dscm) * (0.024056 dscdg mole 

* (l/MW, g/g mole) * ((460 + stdtemp)/ (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) * 1.OOO,OOO,ooC 

EQ.059 ppb @ 3%02 = ppm @ 3%02 * (1OOO ppb/ppm) 

EQ.060 ppb @ 3%0,= ppm, wet * (1000 ppb/ppm) * (l/(l-(runmoist/lOO)))* ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9- Run02)) 

EQ.062 ppb @ 3%01 = ,&g/dNm3* g/1.000,000 4g) * (dNm3/1.0732dscm) * (1 MW. g/g mole) * 

(0.024056 d&dg mole) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 

EQ.063 runconcr * .93 178 * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) 

EQ.065 Ci/dscm @ 3%01 = pCi/dscm * ;ICi /l.ooO,OOOpCi) * ((460 + stdtemp)) / (360 + 68) * ((20.9 -

Zy(20.9 - Run02)) 

EQ.066 pCi/dscm @ 3%02 = pCi/Nm3 * gCi /1,000,000 pCi) * (Nm3/1.0732dscm) * ((460 + stdtemp)) / 

(460 + 65)* ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 

EQ.067 pg/dscm @ 3%01 = (pg/grnFHPWe272.3) * (199 FHPWRunTrainVol, dscf) * (35.314 

dscf7dscm) * ((460 + Stdtemp)/(J60 i 68)) * ((20.9- 3)/(20.9- RunO2)) 

EQ.068 pddscm @ 3%07= gam/train * ( 1.000.000,+d:)* \ 1/ RunTrainVol. dsct> * (35.314 dscf/dscm) * 

((460 + stdtemp) i(460 - 65)) ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) 

EQ.O~Q .ppb @ 3%07= ppm @ 3%0, * (1000 ppbippm) * ((30.9- 3)/(1-0.9- 8)) ~_________ 

3%0, = lb/1000 hr * 1000 hd1.000 hr) * (hr/60 min) (I/NewExh, dscflmin) *I (385.34 

dscfAb mole; (l&IW. Ib/lb mole) * 1,000,000,000 

EQ.090A pg/dscm @ 3'3700, = &g/dscf * (35.314dscf/dscm) * ((460 T stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / 

(20.9 - RunO2)) 

EA.090B ppb @ 3%02 = ppm. as propane * (1,000ppblppm) * (3 pans propme/I part carbon) * ((20.9 - 3) / 

(20.9 - RunO2)) 

EQ.094 ppb @ 3%0, = ppm. propane * (1,000 ppb/ppm) * (3 pans propane/l part carbon) * ((20.9 - 3) / 

(20.9 - RunO2)) 

EQ.095 ppb @ 3%0-= ppm. as propane * (1,000 ppb/ppm) * (3 parts propane/l part carbon) * (I/( 1­

runmoist/106)) * ((20.9 -3)/120.9- Run02)) 

EQ 097 pddscm @ 3%02 = g/dscm * (1.OOO.OOO&s) * ((460 T stdtemp)/(460 t 68)) * ((20.9 - 3/(20.9 -

RunO2)) 

EQ.099 ppb @ 3%02 = gddscm * (0.024056 dscdg mole) * ( IhlW, g/g mole) * ((460 + stdtemp)/(460 

65)) * ((20.9 -3)/(20.9 - RunO2)) * 1,ooO,ooO,OOO 

EQ 100 ppb @ 380, = Ibhr. 3s propane * (hr/60 min) * (I /NEWE,YH. dscflmin) * (lb mole/36 Ib) * 

(385.34 dscfllb mole) * 1,OO0.000,000 

EQ.lO1 ppb @ 3%02 = pddscm * (~l.OOO,OOO.OOO,OOOpg) (0.024056 dscm/g mole) * (1/ MVi, g/g mole 

* ((460 + stdtemp,/(460 - 68)) * ((20.9 - Y(20.9 - Run02)) *l,OOO,OOO,OOO 

EQ. 102 ppb @ 3%03 = ppm @ 7% O2 * (1,000 ppb/ppm) * ((20.9-3)/(20.9-7)) 
Table B-3. Computer Code for Conversion Equations 

Eq.No. Computer Code CommenP 

EQ.003 runconcr * 229oooO * ((460 + stdternp) (460 + 68)) * Incorrect. 35.314 f$/rn3 used instead of 

((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 35.315. 

EQ.004 runconcr * 16000000000 * ((460 + stdternp) l(460 + Incorrect. 35.314 f$/rn3 used instead of 

68)) * ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - RunO'L)) 35.315. 

EQ.005 runconcr * (267000000 NewEXH) Incorrect. 35.314 $/m3 used instead of 

EQ.006 runconcr * 35314 * ((460 + stdternp)/(460 + 68)) * Incorrect. 35.314 f$/m3 used instead of 

((20.3 - 31420.9 - Run02)) 35.315. 

EQ.007 runconcr * loo0 * ((460 + stdternp) / (460 + 68)) * 

((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 

EQ.008 runconcr * 1OOOOOO * ((460 + stdternp) / (460 + 68)) * 

((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 

EQ.009 runconcr * 0.0416 * MW * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) Incorrect. 0.02404 dscdg mole used insteam 

of 0.024056. 

EQ.010 runconcr * ((460 + stdternp) / (460 T 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / 

(20.9 - Run02)) 

EQ.011 runconcr * (35314 RunTrainVol) * ((460 + stdternp) / Incorrect. 35.314 ft3/m3used instead of 

(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) 35.315. 

EQ.014 runconcr * (35.314/ RunTrainVol) * ((460 + stdternp) / Incorrect. 35.314 ft3/m3 used instead of 

(460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) 35.3 15. Equation was assigned No. 15 in 

Versions 1.2and 4.3 

EQ.015 runconcr * (35.314 RunTrainVol) * ((460 + stdtemp) / Incorrect. 35.314 f?/m3 used instead of 

(460 68)) * ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 35.315. Equation was originally assigned No. 

11 in Versions 3.0 snd 4.1 

EQ.016 runconcd RunTrainVol * ((460+ srdternp) / (460 t 68)) 

* ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) 

EQ.017 runconcr * (55000000 / bnV)* ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 Incorrect. 385.55 dscfAb mole used instead of 

+ 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 385.34. 

EQ.018 runconcr * (.ooOo551/ MW) * ((460 + stdternp) / (460 + Incorrect. 385.55 dscfflb mole used instead of 

68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 385.34. 

EQ.019 runconcr * (385500000CMXl/ MW)* ((460 + stdternp) / Incorrect. 385.55 dscfflb mole used instead of 

(460 + 68)) * ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 385.34. 

EQ.020 runconcr *(625- / (NewEXH * M'W) Incorrect. 385.55 dscf/lb mole used instead of 

385.34. Also. constant was revised to 

642000oooO in Version 3.1,4.2, and 4.3 

EQ.021 runconcr * (850000 / >lW)* ((460 + stdternp) / (460 + Incorrect. 385.55 dscfAb mole used instead of 

68)) ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) 385.34. 

EQ.022 runconcr * (24040I MW) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + Incorrect. 0.02404 dscdg mole used instead 

68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) of 0.024056. 

EQ.023 runconcr * (2403oooO / MW) * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 Incorrect. 0.02404 dscm/g mole used instead 

+ 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO?,)) of 0.024056. 

EQ.024 runconcr * (.35/ MW) * ((160 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) Incorrect. 0.02304 dscm/g mole used instead 

* ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) of 0.024056. 

EQ.025 runconcr * (.OX / W)* ((160 + stdternp) / (460 + 68)) Incorrect. 0.02404 dscm/g mole used instead 

* ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) of 0.024056. 

EQ.026 runconcr * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - RunO?,)) 

E0.027 runconcr * 1000 * ((20.9- 31 / (20.9- RunOD) . 

B-8 
Table B-3. Computer Code for Conversion Equations (Continued) 

Eq. No. Computer Code CommentP 

EQ.028 

EQ.029 

EQ.03 1 

EQ.032 

EQ.035 

EQ.036 

EQ.037 

. 

EQ.05 1 

EQ.052 

EQ.053 

EQ.057 

EQ.058 

EQ.059 

EQ.060 

EQ.062 

mnconcr * (850 / &I%') * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) Incorrect. 385.55 dscflb mole used instead of 

* ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 385.34. 

mnconcr * (24.04 / LMW)* ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + Incorrect. 0.02404 dscdg mole used instead 

68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 Run02)) of 0.024056. 

mnconcr * (2404oooO / MW)* ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 Incorrect. 0.02404 dscdg mole used instead 

+ 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) of 0.024056. 

.00085 * (runconcr/ MW /RunTrainVol)) * ((460 + Incorrect. 385.55 dscf/lb mole used instead of 

stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 385.34. 

.85 * (runconcd MW /RunTninVol)) * ((460 + stdtemp) Incorrect. 385.55 dscElb mole used instead of 

/ (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) 385.34. 

.02404 * (mncond MW /RunTrainVol)) * ((460 + Incorrect. 0.02404 dscdg mole used instead 

stdtemp) / (460 - 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) of 0.024056. 

24.04 * (runconcr/ MW /RunTrainVol)) * ((460 + Incorrect. 0.02404 dscdg mole used instead 

stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run07,)) of 0.024056. 

ct. 385.55 dscf/lb mole used instead of 

runconcr /(FuelFxtor *WVj * 385500000000 Incorrect. 385.55 dscf/lb mole used instead of 

385.34. Also, the equatiodcode should 

include an ad-iustment for 02%. 

runconcr * (22400 / MW)* ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + Incorrect. 0.0224 dscdg mole used instead of 

68)) * ((7-0.9- 3) / (20.9 - RunO?,)) 0.024056. 

runconcr * 932 ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + 65)) * ((70.9 

- 3) / (20.9 - RunO2)) 

runconcr * ,0224 / MW * ((460 + stdtemp)/ (460 + 65)) Incorrect. 0.0224 dscdg mole used instead of 

* ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run021) 0.024056. 

runconcr * .0000324 / &W * ((460 + stdtrmp)/ (460 T Incorrect. 0.0224 dscdg mole used instead of 

68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run03,)) 0.024056. 

runconcr * 1000 ((460 t stdtemp)/(460 + 65)) Equation is incorrect. It should not be 

adjusted for temperature. 

runconcr * (1000/(l-(runmoist/lOO)))* ((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 

- RunO?,)) 

runconcr * 22.4 / MW * ((160 + stdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * Incorrect. 0.02404 dscm/,o mole used instead 

((20.9 - 3) / (20.9 - Run07-1) of 0.024056. 

I 
EQ.089 

EQ.090A 

EQ.090B 

EQ.094 

EQ.095 

EQ.097 

EQ.099 

EQ.100 

EQ. 101 

EQ. 102 

runconcr * 6JOOOOO/(NewEXH * MW) Incorrect. 385.55 dscfllb mole used instead of 

385.34. 

runconcr * 35.3 I4 * ((460 t stdtemp)/(460 + 68)) * Incorrect. 35.314 ft3/rn3used instead of 

((20.9 - 3YC0.9 - 8)) 35.3 15. 

runconcr * 3000 * ((460 + stdtemp)/(460+ 68)) * Incorrect. The equation should not be 

((20.9 - jY(20.9 - 8)) adjusted for temperature. 

runconcr * 3000 * ((460 + stdtemp)/(460+ 68)) * Incorrect. The equation should not be 

((20.9 - 3)/(20.9 - 8)) adjusted for temperature. 

runconcr * 3000 (1/( 1-runmoisU100))* ((20.9 ­ 3)/(1-0.9- RunO2)) 

runconcr * 1000000 * ((460 istdtemp) / (460 + 68)) * 

((20.9 - 3) / 120.9 - RunO2)) 

runconc: i.24040000/ ;LfW * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 Incorrect. 0.02404 dscdg mole used instead 

+ 68)) * ((20.9 - 3) / (20.9- Run02)) of 0.024056. 

runconcr * 178000000/~N~wE,YH* MW) Incorrect. 385.55 dscmb mole used instead of 

385.34. 

runconcr * (.000024 / MW * ((460 + stdtemp) / (460 + Incorrect. 0.02404 dscdg mole used instead 

68)) * ((20.9- 3) / (20.9 - Run02)) of 0.024056. 

runconcr * 1000 * ((460 istdtemp)l(460 + 68)) * 

((20.9 - 3’1/(20.9- 7)) 

‘All identified incorrect conversion equations were corrected in later versions of the emission test databases. 

B-10 
APPENDIX C 

DESCRIPTIONS OF DATABASE FIELDS ADDED DURING CALCULATIONS AND . CONVERSIONS 
APPENDIX C: DESCRIPTIONS OF DATABASE FIELDS 

The same database format used for data entry was also used for data processing. After 

data were entered and quality control and quality assurance (QCIQA) checks were performed, the 

Test Data Table was renamed Corrected Test Data Table. Fields were added to the Equipment 

Table and Corrected Test Data Table to contain data used in conversions and calculations and to 

present the results. The fields that were added are described beIow. All other database fields are 

described in detail in the memorandum “Exrraction ofData From Emissions Test Reporrs Used 

to Develop the ICCR Emissions Test Database.”2 

EauiDment Table 

Conversion Factor 

A numeric value developed from test data and used to calculate an emission factor. 

Conversion Factors are described in detail in Section 3.1 of this memorandum. 

Conversion Factor Basis 

A description of the method used to develop the Conversion Factor. The different 

methods used to develop Conversion Factors are described in detail in Section 3.1 of this 

memorandum. 

Source 

Indicates the source, or project, that provided the emissions test data: 

AFbIA- Indicates the data were obtained from a test report provided by the 

American Furniture Manufacturers’ Association. 

AT Hot Spots- Report was obtained from the California Air Resources Board 

(CAB) and presents results from one of CARB’s “hot spots” tests. 
AP42-Data were obtained from a test report used to develop AP-42 emission 

factors. 

ICWI/OSWI- Report was obtained fromEPA's Industrial and Commercial Waste 

IncineratodOther Solid Waste Incinerators (IWOSwr) project files. 

STIRS- Data were obtained froma stack test report included in the STIRS 

database. 

Survey- Test report was provided by a facility included in an EPA Section 114 

Information Collection Request. 

UTZL- The report came from the docket developed for PA'Sutility boiler study. 

The study was performed to qualify and quantify hazardous air pollutants (HAPS) 

emitted from these boilers in order to determine if emission levels warrant 

regulations to reduce emissions. 

Data Date 

The date that the version of the ETD was compiled. 

Run Data Table- No fields were added during conversions and calculations. 

Corrected Test Data Table 

CAS 

Chemical Abstracts Service. Refers to a unique, identifying number assigned by the CAS 

Division of the American Chemical Society to each distinct chemical substance recorded 

in the CAS Chemical Registry System. The CAS number was used in addition to the 

pollutant name to identify specific pollutants. Two different pollutants may have names 

that are very similar in spelling (appearance). Also, some individual pollutants have 

synonyms. 

The molecular weight of the pollutant. This value is used in some of the equations that 

convert the emissions data as entered to standard units. 

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HAP 

Hazardous Air Pollutant. This was added to the table to identify pollutants that are 

HAPS. 

Used to identify the pollutant as a metal or nonmetal when converting the emissions data 

as entered to a standard concentration. 

RunlND; Run2ND; Run3ND 

This field is used to identify non-detect runs. A computer program is used to identify 

non-detect runs entered with a “4’in front of the value and place an “ND”in this field. 

During calculations, the “d’is removed from the value and the value entered as text is 

converted to a number. Also, see the description provided below for the “DL” field. 

NewEXH1; NewEXH2; NewEXH3 

The stack gas volumetric tlow rate as measured. dscfm. adjusted to standard temperature 

(68 degrees F)and zero percent oxygen. This field was used only in V3.0 to convert 

emissions data entered as ”lb/hr” to standard units. In later versions, the adjustment was 

included in the equation that converts lbh to the standard units. 

NewRunConcRl; NewRunConcK: NewRunconcR3 

The standard concentration calculated (“corrected”) for each test run. For non-detect runs 

in V1.0, V2.0, and V3.0, the value in the “DL” field is used to calculate the standard 

concentration for all non-detect runs. For non-detect runs in V4.1, V4.2, and V4.3, the 

value entered for the detection limit for each run is used to calculate the standard 

concentration for that run. See Section 2.0 of this memorandum for a detailed description 

of how standard concentrations were calculated. 

NewConcUnits 

The units of measurement for the standard concentrations. Data for type “metal” 

pollutants are converted to standard concentrations in units of pg/dscm @3% 0,. Data 

for “Nonhletal” pollutants are converted to standard units of ppb @3% 07.Data for 

radionuclides, measured in Curies (Ci), are converted to pg/Ci @3% 0,. 

Run1 EF (IbfiIlbIBtu); Run2 EF (IbfiIMBtu); Run3 EF (Ib&IMBtu) 

The emission factor calculated for each run. See Section 3.0 of this memorandum for a 

detailed description of how emission factors were calculated. 

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Data Origin 

See the descriptions provided for fields in the Equipment Table. 

Data Date 

The date that the version of the ETD was compiled. 

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