II 

115TH CONGRESS 

2D SESSION S. 2497 

To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Arms Export Control 

Act to make improvements to certain defense and security assistance 

provisions and to authorize the appropriations of funds to Israel, and 

for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

MARCH 5, 2018 

Mr. RUBIO (for himself and Mr. COONS) introduced the following bill; which 

was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

A BILL 

To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the Arms 

Export Control Act to make improvements to certain 

defense and security assistance provisions and to authorize the appropriations of funds to Israel, and for other 

purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘United States-Israel Security Assistance Authorization 

6 Act of 2018’’. 


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1 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

2 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Appropriate congressional committees defined. 

TITLE I—SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR ISRAEL 

Sec. 101. Findings. 

Sec. 102. Statement of policy regarding Israel’s defense systems. 

Sec. 103. Assistance for Israel. 

Sec. 104. Extension of war reserves stockpile authority. 

Sec. 105. Extension of loan guarantees to Israel. 

Sec. 106. Joint assessment of quantity of precision guided munitions for use by 

Israel. 

Sec. 107. Transfer of precision guided munitions to Israel. 

Sec. 108. Modification of rapid acquisition and deployment procedures. 

Sec. 109. Eligibility of Israel for the strategic trade authorization exception to 

certain export control licensing requirements. 

TITLE II—ENHANCED UNITED STATES-ISRAEL COOPERATION 

Sec. 201. United States-Israel space cooperation. 

Sec. 202. United States Agency for International Development—Israel enhanced cooperation. 

Sec. 203. Authority to enter into a cooperative project agreement with Israel 

to counter unmanned aerial vehicles that threaten the United 

States or Israel. 

TITLE III—ENSURING ISRAEL’S QUALITATIVE MILITARY EDGE 

Sec. 301. Improved reporting on enhancing Israel’s qualitative military edge 

and security posture. 

Sec. 302. Statement of policy. 

3 SEC. 2. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE4 FINED. 

5 In this Act, the term ‘‘appropriate congressional com6 mittees’’ means— 

7 (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

8 the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate; and 

9 (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

10 Committee on Armed Services of the House of Rep11 resentatives. 


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1 TITLE I—SECURITY ASSISTANCE 

2 FOR ISRAEL 

3 SEC. 101. FINDINGS. 

4 Congress makes the following findings: 

5 (1) In April 1998, the United States designated 

6 Israel as a ‘‘major non-NATO ally’’. 

7 (2) On August 16, 2007, the United States and 

8 Israel signed a 10-year Memorandum of Under9 standing on United States military assistance to 

10 Israel. The total assistance over the course of this 

11 understanding would equal $30,000,000,000. 

12 (3) On July 27, 2012, the United States-Israel 

13 Enhanced Security Cooperation Act of 2012 (Public 

14 Law 112–150; 22 U.S.C. 8601 et seq.) declared it 

15 to be the policy of the United States ‘‘to help the 

16 Government of Israel preserve its qualitative military 

17 edge amid rapid and uncertain regional political 

18 transformation’’ and ‘‘provide Israel defense articles 

19 and services, to include air refueling tankers, missile 

20 defense capabilities, and specialized munitions’’. 

21 (4) On December 19, 2014, President Barack 

22 Obama signed into law the United States-Israel 

23 Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 (Public Law 113– 

24 296) which stated the sense of Congress that Israel 

25 is a major strategic partner of the United States 


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1 and declared it to be the policy of the United States 

2 ‘‘to continue to provide Israel with robust security 

3 assistance, including for the procurement of the Iron 

4 Dome Missile Defense System’’. 

5 (5) Section 1679 of the National Defense Au6 thorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 

7 114–92; 129 Stat. 1135) authorized funds to be ap8 propriated for Israeli cooperative missile defense 

9 program codevelopment and coproduction, including 

10 funds to be provided to the Government of Israel to 

11 procure the David’s Sling weapon system as well as 

12 the Arrow 3 Upper Tier Interceptor Program. 

13 (6) On June 22, 2016, Senate Resolution 508 

14 (114th Congress) was introduced in the United 

15 States Senate, expressing support for the expeditious 

16 consideration and finalization of a new, robust, and 

17 long-term Memorandum of Understanding on mili18 tary assistance to Israel between the United States 

19 Government and the Government of Israel. 

20 (7) Senate Resolution 508 provides that the 

21 Senate— 

22 (A) ‘‘reaffirms that Israel is a major stra23 tegic partner of the United States’’; 

24 (B) ‘‘reaffirms that it is the policy and law 

25 of the United States to ensure that Israel mainVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 Mar 09, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2497.IS S2497

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1 tains its qualitative military edge and has the 

2 capacity and capability to defend itself from all 

3 credible military threats’’; 

4 (C) ‘‘reaffirms United States support of a 

5 robust Israeli tiered missile defense program’’; 

6 (D) ‘‘supports continued discussions be7 tween the Government of the United States and 

8 the Government of Israel for a robust and long9 term Memorandum of Understanding on United 

10 States military assistance to Israel’’; 

11 (E) ‘‘urges the expeditious finalization of a 

12 new Memorandum of Understanding between 

13 the Government of the United States and the 

14 Government of Israel’’; and 

15 (F) ‘‘supports a robust and long-term 

16 Memorandum of Understanding negotiated be17 tween the United States and Israel regarding 

18 military assistance which increases the amount 

19 of aid from previous agreements and signifi20 cantly enhances Israel’s military capabilities’’. 

21 (8) On September 14, 2016, the United States 

22 and Israel signed a 10-year Memorandum of Under23 standing reaffirming the importance of continuing 

24 annual United States military assistance to Israel 

25 and cooperative missile defense programs in a way 


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1 that enhances Israel’s security and strengthens the 

2 bilateral relationship between the two countries. 

3 (9) The 2016 Memorandum of Understanding 

4 reflected United States support of Foreign Military 

5 Financing (FMF) grant assistance to Israel over the 

6 ten year period beginning in fiscal year 2019 and 

7 ending in fiscal year 2028. FMF grant assistance 

8 would be at a level of $3,300,000,000 annually, to9 taling $33,000,000,000, the largest United States 

10 assistance package ever and a reiteration of the 

11 seven-decade, unshakeable, bipartisan commitment 

12 of the United States to Israel’s security. 

13 (10) The Memorandum of Understanding also 

14 reflected United States support for funding for coop15 erative programs to develop, produce, and procure 

16 missile, rocket, and projectile defense capabilities 

17 over a ten year period beginning in fiscal year 2019 

18 and ending in fiscal year 2028 at a level of 

19 $500,000,000 per year, totaling $5,000,000,000. 

20 SEC. 102. STATEMENT OF POLICY REGARDING ISRAEL’S DE21 FENSE SYSTEMS. 

22 It shall be the policy of the United States to provide 

23 assistance to the Government of Israel in order to support 

24 funding for cooperative programs to develop, produce, and 

25 procure missile, rocket, projectile, and other defense capaVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:43 Mar 09, 2018 Jkt 079200 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2497.IS S2497

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1 bilities to help Israel meet its security needs and to help 

2 develop and enhance United States defense capabilities. 

3 SEC. 103. ASSISTANCE FOR ISRAEL. 

4 (a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR

5 ISRAEL.—Section 513(c) of the Security Assistance Act 

6 of 2000 (Public Law 106–280; 114 Stat. 856) is amend7 ed— 

8 (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘2002 and 

9 2003’’ and inserting ‘‘2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 

10 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, and 2028’’; and 

11 (2) in paragraph (2)— 

12 (A) by striking ‘‘equal to—’’ and inserting 

13 ‘‘not less than $3,300,000,000.’’; and 

14 (B) by striking subparagraphs (A) and 

15 (B). 

16 SEC. 104. EXTENSION OF WAR RESERVES STOCKPILE AU17 THORITY. 

18 (a) DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE APPROPRIATIONS

19 ACT, 2005.—Section 12001(d) of the Department of De20 fense Appropriations Act, 2005 (Public Law 108–287; 

21 118 Stat. 1011) is amended by striking ‘‘after September 

22 30, 2018’’ and inserting ‘‘after September 30, 2023’’. 

23 (b) FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1961.—Section 

24 514(b)(2)(A) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 

25 U.S.C. 2321h(b)(2)(A)) is amended by striking ‘‘2013, 


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1 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018’’ and inserting ‘‘2018, 

2 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023.’’. 

3 SEC. 105. EXTENSION OF LOAN GUARANTEES TO ISRAEL. 

4 Chapter 5 of title I of the Emergency Wartime Sup5 plemental Appropriations Act, 2003 (Public Law 108–11; 

6 117 Stat. 576) is amended under the heading ‘‘LOAN

7 GUARANTEES TO ISRAEL’’— 

8 (1) in the matter preceding the first proviso, by 

9 striking ‘‘September 30, 2019’’ and inserting ‘‘Sep10 tember 30, 2023’’; and 

11 (2) in the second proviso, by striking ‘‘Sep12 tember 30, 2019’’ and inserting ‘‘September 30, 

13 2023’’. 

14 SEC. 106. JOINT ASSESSMENT OF QUANTITY OF PRECISION 

15 GUIDED MUNITIONS FOR USE BY ISRAEL. 

16 (a) IN GENERAL.—The President, acting through the 

17 Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense, is author18 ized to conduct a joint assessment with the Government 

19 of Israel with respect to the matters described in sub20 section (b). 

21 (b) MATTERS DESCRIBED.—The matters described 

22 in this subsection are the following: 

23 (1) The quantity and type of precision guided 

24 munitions that are necessary for Israel to combat 


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1 Hezbollah in the event of a sustained armed con2 frontation between Israel and Hezbollah. 

3 (2) The quantity and type of precision guided 

4 munitions that are necessary for Israel in the event 

5 of a sustained armed confrontation with other armed 

6 groups and terrorist organizations such as Hamas. 

7 (3) The resources the Government of Israel can 

8 plan to dedicate to acquire such precision guided 

9 munitions. 

10 (4) United States planning to assist Israel to 

11 prepare for sustained armed confrontations de12 scribed in this subsection as well as the ability of the 

13 United States to resupply Israel in the event of con14 frontations described in paragraphs (1) and (2), if 

15 any. 

16 (c) REPORT.— 

17 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 15 days after 

18 the date on which the joint assessment authorized 

19 under subsection (a) is completed, the President 

20 shall submit to the appropriate congressional com21 mittees a report that contains the joint assessment. 

22 (2) FORM.—The report required under para23 graph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 

24 but may contain a classified annex. 


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1 SEC. 107. TRANSFER OF PRECISION GUIDED MUNITIONS TO 

2 ISRAEL. 

3 (a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding section 514 of 

4 the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h), 

5 the President is authorized— 

6 (1) to utilize the Special Defense Acquisition 

7 Fund to transfer precision guided munitions and re8 lated defense articles and services to reserve stocks 

9 for Israel; and 

10 (2) to transfer such quantities of precision 

11 guided munitions from reserve stocks for Israel as 

12 necessary for legitimate self-defense and otherwise 

13 consistent with the purposes and conditions for such 

14 transfers under the Arms Export Control Act (22 

15 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.). 

16 (b) CERTIFICATIONS.—Except in case of emergency, 

17 not later than 5 days before making a transfer under this 

18 section, the President shall certify in an unclassified noti19 fication to the appropriate congressional committees that 

20 the transfer of the precision guided munitions— 

21 (1) does not affect the ability of the United 

22 States to maintain a sufficient supply of precision 

23 guided munitions; 

24 (2) does not harm the combat readiness of the 

25 United States or the ability of the United States to 


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1 meet its commitment to allies for the transfer of 

2 such munitions; and 

3 (3) is absolutely necessary for Israel to counter 

4 the threat of rockets in a timely fashion. 

5 SEC. 108. MODIFICATION OF RAPID ACQUISITION AND DE6 PLOYMENT PROCEDURES. 

7 (a) REQUIREMENT TO ESTABLISH PROCEDURES.— 

8 (1) IN GENERAL.—Section 806(a) of the Bob 

9 Stump National Defense Authorization Act for Fis10 cal Year 2003 (10 U.S.C. 2302 note; Public Law 

11 107–314) is amended— 

12 (A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ‘‘; 

13 and’’; 

14 (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the pe15 riod at the end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and 

16 (C) by adding at the end the following new 

17 paragraph: 

18 ‘‘(3) urgently needed to support production of 

19 precision guided munitions— 

20 ‘‘(A) for United States counterterrorism 

21 missions; or 

22 ‘‘(B) to assist an ally of the United States 

23 under direct missile threat from— 

24 ‘‘(i) an organization the Secretary of 

25 State has designated as a foreign terrorist 


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1 organization pursuant to section 219 of the 

2 Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 

3 1189); or 

4 ‘‘(ii) a country the government of 

5 which the Secretary of State has deter6 mined, for purposes of section 6(j) of the 

7 Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 

8 U.S.C. 4605(j)) (as in effect pursuant to 

9 the International Emergency Economic 

10 Powers Act), section 620A of the Foreign 

11 Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371), 

12 section 40 of the Arms Export Control Act 

13 (22 U.S.C. 2780), or any other provision 

14 of law, is a government that has repeatedly 

15 provided support for acts of international 

16 terrorism.’’. 

17 (2) PRESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURES.—Not later 

18 than 180 days after the date of the enactment of 

19 this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall prescribe 

20 procedures for the rapid acquisition and deployment 

21 of supplies and associated support services for pur22 poses described in paragraph (3) of section 806(a) 

23 of the Bob Stump National Defense Authorization 

24 Act for Fiscal Year 2003, as added by paragraph 

25 (1)(A) of this subsection. 


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1 (b) USE OF AMOUNTS IN SPECIAL DEFENSE ACQUI2 SITION FUND.—Section 114(c)(3) of title 10, United 

3 States Code, is amended by inserting before the period at 

4 the end the following: ‘‘or to assist an ally of the United 

5 States that is under direct missile threat, including from 

6 a terrorist organization supported by Iran, and such 

7 threat adversely affects the safety and security of such 

8 ally’’. 

9 SEC. 109. ELIGIBILITY OF ISRAEL FOR THE STRATEGIC 

10 TRADE AUTHORIZATION EXCEPTION TO CER11 TAIN EXPORT CONTROL LICENSING RE12 QUIREMENTS. 

13 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find14 ings: 

15 (1) Israel has adopted high standards in the 

16 field of export controls. 

17 (2) Israel has declared its unilateral adherence 

18 to the Missile Technology Control Regime, the Aus19 tralia Group, and the Nuclear Suppliers Group. 

20 (3) Israel is a party to— 

21 (A) the Convention on Prohibitions or Re22 strictions on the Use of Certain Conventional 

23 Weapons which may be Deemed to be Exces24 sively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Ef25 fects, signed at Geneva October 10, 1980; 


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1 (B) the Protocol for the Prohibition of the 

2 Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or 

3 Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of 

4 Warfare, signed at Geneva June 17, 1925; and 

5 (C) the Convention on the Physical Protec6 tion of Nuclear Material, adopted at Vienna Oc7 tober 26, 1979. 

8 (4) Section 6(b) of the United States-Israel 

9 Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8603 

10 note) directs the President, consistent with the com11 mitments of the United States under international 

12 agreements, to take steps so that Israel may be in13 cluded in the list of countries eligible for the stra14 tegic trade authorization exception under section 

15 740.20(c)(1) of title 15, Code of Federal Regula16 tions, to the requirement for a license for the export, 

17 re-export, or in-country transfer of an item subject 

18 to controls under the Export Administration Regula19 tions. 

20 (5) As of December 27, 2016, the last publica21 tion of the license exceptions country list, Israel had 

22 not been included for the strategic trade authoriza23 tion exception under section 740.20 (c) (1) of title 

24 15, Code of Federal Regulations. 


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1 (b) REPORT ON ELIGIBILITY FOR STRATEGIC TRADE

2 AUTHORIZATION EXCEPTION.— 

3 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days 

4 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 

5 President shall submit to the appropriate congres6 sional committees a report that— 

7 (A) describes the steps taken to include 

8 Israel in the list of countries eligible for the 

9 strategic trade authorization exception under 

10 section 740.20(c)(1) of title 15, Code of Federal 

11 Regulations, as required under 6(b) of the 

12 United States-Israel Strategic Partnership Act 

13 of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8603 note; Public Law 

14 113–296); and 

15 (B) includes the reasons as to why Israel 

16 has not yet been included in such list of coun17 tries eligible for the strategic trade authoriza18 tion exception. 

19 (2) FORM.—The report required under para20 graph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, 

21 but may contain a classified annex. 


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1 TITLE II—ENHANCED UNITED 

2 STATES-ISRAEL COOPERATION 

3 SEC. 201. UNITED STATES-ISRAEL SPACE COOPERATION. 

4 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find5 ings: 

6 (1) Authorized in 1958, the National Aero7 nautics and Space Administration (NASA) supports 

8 and coordinates United States Government research 

9 in aeronautics, human exploration and operations, 

10 science, and space technology. 

11 (2) Established in 1983, the Israel Space Agen12 cy (ISA) supports the growth of Israel’s space indus13 try by supporting academic research, technological 

14 innovation, and educational activities. 

15 (3) The mutual interest of the United States 

16 and Israel in space exploration affords both nations 

17 an opportunity to leverage their unique abilities to 

18 advance scientific discovery. 

19 (4) In 1996, NASA and the ISA entered into 

20 their first agreement outlining areas of mutual co21 operation, which remained in force until 2005. 

22 (5) Since 1996, NASA and the ISA have suc23 cessfully cooperated on many space programs sup24 porting the Global Positioning System and research 


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1 related to the sun, earth science, and the environ2 ment. 

3 (6) The bond between NASA and the ISA was 

4 permanently forged on February 1, 2003, with the 

5 loss of the crew of STS–107, including Israeli Astro6 naut Ilan Ramon. 

7 (7) The United States-Israel Strategic Partner8 ship Act Of 2014 (Public Law 113–296) designated 

9 Israel as a major strategic partner of the United 

10 States. 

11 (8) On October 13, 2015, the United States 

12 and Israel signed the Framework Agreement be13 tween the National Aeronautics and Space Adminis14 tration of the United States of America and the 

15 Israel Space Agency for Cooperation in Aeronautics 

16 and the Exploration and Use of Airspace and Outer 

17 Space for Peaceful Purposes. 

18 (b) CONTINUING COOPERATION.—The Administrator 

19 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 

20 shall continue to work with the Israel Space Agency to 

21 identify and cooperatively pursue peaceful space explo22 ration and science initiatives in areas of mutual interest, 

23 taking all appropriate measures to protect sensitive infor24 mation, intellectual property, trade secrets, and economic 

25 interests of the United States. 


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1 SEC. 202. UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL 

2 DEVELOPMENT—ISRAEL ENHANCED CO3 OPERATION. 

4 (a) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It should be the policy 

5 of the United States Agency for International Develop6 ment (USAID) to cooperate with Israel in order to ad7 vance common goals across a wide variety of sectors, in8 cluding energy, agriculture and food security, democracy, 

9 human rights and governance, economic growth and trade, 

10 education, environment, global health, and water and sani11 tation. 

12 (b) MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING.—The Ad13 ministrator of the United States Agency for International 

14 Development is authorized to enter into memoranda of un15 derstanding with Israel in order to advance common goals 

16 on energy, agriculture and food security, democracy, 

17 human rights and governance, economic growth and trade, 

18 education, environment, global health, and water and sani19 tation with a focus on strengthening mutual ties and co20 operation with nations throughout the world. 


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1 SEC. 203. AUTHORITY TO ENTER INTO A COOPERATIVE 

2 PROJECT AGREEMENT WITH ISRAEL TO 

3 COUNTER UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES 

4 THAT THREATEN THE UNITED STATES OR 

5 ISRAEL. 

6 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find7 ings: 

8 (1) On February 10, 2018, Iran launched from 

9 Syria an unmanned aerial vehicle (commonly known 

10 as a ‘‘drone’’) that penetrated Israeli airspace. 

11 (2) Israeli officials noted that the unmanned 

12 aerial vehicle was in Israeli airspace for a minute13 and-a-half before being shot down by its air force. 

14 (3) Senior Israeli officials stated that the un15 manned aerial vehicle was an advanced piece of tech16 nology. 

17 (4) It remains unclear whether the unmanned 

18 aerial vehicle was armed. Nonetheless, the launch, 

19 and sophistication of the unmanned aerial vehicle, 

20 highlight the threat Israel faces from unmanned aer21 ial vehicles from Iranian forces active in Syria and 

22 from Hezbollah in Lebanon. 

23 (5) The United States likewise faces the threat 

24 of unmanned aerial vehicles along the United States 

25 border and in areas of active hostilities, including Is26 lamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) drones in Syria 


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1 and Iraq and al Qaeda manufactured drones in Af2 ghanistan. 

3 (b) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the 

4 Congress that— 

5 (1) joint research and development to counter 

6 unmanned aerial vehicles will serve the national se7 curity interests of the United States and Israel; 

8 (2) Israel faces urgent and emerging threats 

9 from unmanned aerial vehicles, and other unmanned 

10 vehicles, launched from Lebanon by Hezbollah, from 

11 Syria by Iran’s Revolutionary Guard Corps, or from 

12 others seeking to attack Israel; and 

13 (3) the United States and Israel should con14 tinue to work together to defend against all threats 

15 to the safety, security, and national interests of both 

16 countries. 

17 (c) AUTHORITY TO ENTER INTO AGREEMENT.— 

18 (1) IN GENERAL.—The President is authorized 

19 to enter into a cooperative project agreement with 

20 Israel under the authority of section 27 of the Arms 

21 Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2767), to carry out 

22 research on and development, testing, evaluation, 

23 and joint production (including follow-on support) of 

24 defense articles and defense services to detect, track, 


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1 and destroy unmanned aerial vehicles that threaten 

2 the United States or Israel. 

3 (2) APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS.—The cooper4 ative project agreement described in paragraph 

5 (1)— 

6 (A) shall provide that any activities carried 

7 out pursuant to the agreement are subject to— 

8 (i) the applicable requirements de9 scribed in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) 

10 of section 27(b)(2) of the Arms Export 

11 Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2767(b)(2)); and 

12 (ii) any other applicable requirements 

13 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 

14 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.) with respect to the 

15 use, transfers, and security of such defense 

16 articles and defense services under that 

17 Act; and 

18 (B) shall establish a framework to nego19 tiate the rights to intellectual property devel20 oped under the agreement. 


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1 TITLE III—ENSURING ISRAEL’S 

2 QUALITATIVE MILITARY EDGE 

3 SEC. 301. IMPROVED REPORTING ON ENHANCING ISRAEL’S 

4 QUALITATIVE MILITARY EDGE AND SECU5 RITY POSTURE. 

6 Section 201(c)(2) the Naval Vessel Transfer Act of 

7 2008 is amended by adding at the end the following: ‘‘The 

8 report shall include an assessment of— 

9 ‘‘(A) the ability of Israel to effectively de10 fend itself against military threats from re11 gional non-state actors; 

12 ‘‘(B) the risk that is posed by the sale or 

13 export of a subsequent unauthorized transfer or 

14 proliferation of the equipment for use against 

15 Israel; 

16 ‘‘(C) the range of cyber and asymmetric 

17 threats posed to Israel by state and non-state 

18 actors; 

19 ‘‘(D) the range of threats posed to Israel 

20 by state and non-state actors through the use 

21 of unmanned vehicles and systems, through air, 

22 land, or water; and 

23 ‘‘(E) the effective countermeasures avail24 able to Israel to defend against the risks and 


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1 threats described in subparagraphs (B) through 

2 (D).’’. 

3 SEC. 302. STATEMENT OF POLICY. 

4 It is the policy of the United States to ensure that 

5 Israel maintains its ability to counter and defeat any cred6 ible conventional military, or emerging, threat from any 

7 individual state or possible coalition of states or from non8 state actors, while sustaining minimal damages and cas9 ualties, through the use of superior military means, pos10 sessed in sufficient quantity, including weapons, com11 mand, control, communication, intelligence, surveillance, 

12 and reconnaissance capabilities that in their technical 

13 characteristics are superior in capability to those of such 

14 other individual or possible coalition states or non-state 

15 actors. 

Æ 


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