OMB No. 1121-0329 

Expires  12/31/2023 

U.S. Department of Justice 

Office of Justice Programs 

National Institute of Justice 

NIJ FY23 Research on Juvenile Justice Topics 

Assistance Listing Number #  16.560 

Grants.gov Opportunity Number: O-NIJ-2023-171662 

Solicitation Release Date:     March 13, 2023 2:30 PM ET  

Step 1: Application Grants.gov Deadline:    May 29, 2023 11:59 PM ET  

Step 2: Application JustGrants Deadline:    June 12, 2023 8:59 PM ET 

Overview 

The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), Office of Justice Programs (OJP), National 

Institute of Justice (NIJ) seeks applications for funding to support rigorous research and 

evaluation projects that inform juvenile justice policy and practice in the following three 

categories: (1) research and evaluation of legislative and administrative policy changes 

affecting youth involved in the justice system on specified topics of (a) community-based 

alternatives to youth incarceration, (b) sealing and expungement of juvenile justice 

records, and (c) reducing racial and ethnic disparities; (2) research to assess dual 

system youth data capacity and service delivery across juvenile justice and child welfare 

systems; and (3) analysis on the use of the valid court order exception. Applicants must 

propose to address one of the specified categories in order to receive funding 

consideration. This program furthers the DOJ’s mission by supporting the development of 

new knowledge and tools to address the challenges of crime and justice in the United 

States through fundamental research. 

This solicitation incorporates guidance provided in the OJP Grant Application Resource 

Guide which provides additional information for applicants to prepare and submit 

applications to OJP for funding. If this solicitation expressly modifies any provision 

in the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide, the applicant is to follow the 

guidelines in this solicitation as to that provision. 

Solicitation Categories 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
Competition ID Category * Number 

of 

Awards 

Dollar 

Amount for 

Award 

Performance 

Start Date 

Performance 

Duration 

(Months) 

C-NIJ-2023-00024-PROD 

Category 1: 

Research and 

Evaluation of 

Legislative and 

Administrative 

Policy Changes 

Affecting Youth 

involved in the 

Justice System 

TBD $3,000,000 1/1/24 12:00 

AM TBD 

C-NIJ-2023-00025-PROD 

Category 2: 

Research to 

Assess Dual 

System Youth 

Data Capacity 

and Service 

Delivery across 

Juvenile Justice 

and Child 

Welfare Systems 

1 $2,000,000 1/1/24 12:00 

AM TBD 

C-NIJ-2023-00026-PROD 

Category 3: 

Analysis on the 

Use of the Valid 

Court Order 

Exception 

TBD $500,000 1/1/24 12:00 

AM TBD 

Eligible Applicants: 

City or township governments, County governments, For profit organizations other than 

small businesses, Independent school districts, Native American tribal governments 

(Federally recognized), Native American tribal organizations (other than Federally 

recognized tribal governments), Nonprofits having a 501(c)(3) status with the IRS, other 

than institutions of higher education, Nonprofits that do not have a 501(c)(3) status with 

the IRS, other than institutions of higher education, Private institutions of higher 

education, Public and State controlled institutions of higher education, Public housing 

authorities/Indian housing authorities, Small businesses, Special district governments, 

State governments, Unrestricted (open to any type of entity above), subject to any 

clarification in text field entitled as Additional Information on Eligibility 

An applicant entity may submit more than one application, if each application proposes a 

different project in response to the solicitation. Also, an entity may be proposed as a 

subrecipient (subgrantee) in more than one application. 

NIJ will consider applications under which two or more entities would carry out the 

federal award; however, only one entity may be the applicant. Any others must be 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
proposed as subrecipients (subgrantees). For additional information on subawards, see 

the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide. 

NIJ may elect to fund applications submitted under this FY 2023 solicitation in future 

fiscal years, dependent on, among other considerations, the merit of the applications and 

the availability of appropriations. 

Contact Information 

For assistance with the requirements of this solicitation, contact the OJP Response 

Center at 800-851-3420, 301-240-6310 (TTY for hearing-impaired callers only), or 

grants@ncjrs.gov. The OJP Response Center operates from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. 

eastern time (ET) Monday–Friday, and 10:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. ET on the solicitation 

close date. 

Submission Information 

Registration: Before submitting an application, all applicants must register with the 

System for Award Management (SAM). You must renew and validate your registration 

every 12 months. If you do not renew your SAM registration, it will expire. An expired 

registration can delay or prevent application submission in Grants.gov and JustGrants. 

Registration and renewal can take up to 10 business days to complete. 

Submission: Applications must be submitted to DOJ electronically through a two-step 

process via Grants.gov and JustGrants. 

Step 1: The applicant must submit by the Grants.gov deadline the required Application 

for Federal Assistance standard form (SF-424) and a Disclosure of Lobbying 

Activities (SF-LLL) form when they register in Grants.gov at https://www.grants.gov/ 

web/grants/register.html. Submit the SF-424 and SF-LLL as early as possible, but no 

later than 48 hours before the Grants.gov deadline. If an applicant fails to submit in 

Grants.gov, they will be unable to apply in JustGrants. 

For technical assistance with submitting the SF-424 and a SF-LLL in Grants.gov, contact 

the Grants.gov Customer Support Hotline at 800-518-4726, 606-545-5035, Grants.gov 

Customer Support, or support@grants.gov. The Grants.gov Support Hotline operates 24 

hours a day, 7 days a week, except on federal holidays. 

Step 2: The applicant must submit the full application, including attachments, in 

JustGrants at JustGrants.usdoj.gov by the JustGrants application deadline. 

For technical assistance with submitting the full application in JustGrants, contact the 

JustGrants Service Desk at 833-872-5175 or JustGrants.Support@usdoj.gov. The 

JustGrants Service Desk operates 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. ET Monday–Friday and 9 a.m. to 5 

p.m. ET on Saturday, Sunday, and Federal holidays. 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
OJP encourages applicants to review the “How To Apply” section in the OJP Grant 

Application Resource Guide and the JustGrants website for more information, resources, 

and training. Applicants should maintain all receipts and confirmations received from 

SAM.gov, Grants.gov, JustGrants systems. 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
Contents 

Overview 1 

Contact Information 3 

Submission Information 3 

Program Description 8 

Overview 8 

Statutory Authority 9 

Specific Information 9 

Goals, Objectives, and Deliverables 13 

Priority Areas 14 

Federal Award Information 16 

Awards, Amounts and Durations 16 

Continuation Funding Intent 17 

Availability of Funds 17 

Type of Award 17 

Financial Management and System of Internal Controls 17 

Budget Information 17 

Cost Sharing or Matching Requirement 18 

Pre-agreement Costs (also known as Pre-award Costs) 18 

Limitation on Use of Award Funds for Employee Compensation: 

Waiver 

Training Costs 

(SF-424) in 

18 

Prior Approval, Planning, and Reporting of Conference/Meeting/ 18 

Costs Associated with Language Assistance (if applicable) 18 

Anticipated Number of Awards 19 

Anticipated Maximum Dollar Amount of Awards 19 

Period of Performance Duration 19 

Eligibility Information 19 

Application and Submission Information 20 

Content of Application Submission 20 

Information to Complete the Application for Federal Assistance 20 

Standard Applicant Information (JustGrants 424 and General Agency 20 

Proposal Abstract 21 

Proposal Narrative 21 

Goal, Objective and Deliverables 24 

Budget and Associated Documentation 25 

Grants.gov 

Information) 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
Budget Worksheet and Budget Narrative (Web-based Form) 25 

Pre-agreement Costs (also known as Pre-award Costs) 26 

Indirect Cost Rate Agreement (if applicable) 26 

Consultant Rate 26 

Limitation on Employee Compensation; Waiver 26 

Financial Management and System of Internal Controls 

Questionnaire (including applicant disclosure of high-risk status) 

26 

Disclosure of Process Related to Executive Compensation 26 

Additional Application Components 26 

Curriculum Vitae or Resumes 26 

Tribal Authorizing Resolution 27 

Timeline Form 27 

Letters of Support 27 

Research and Evaluation Independence and Integrity Statement 27 

Bibliography/reference 27 

Maps 

Any Tools/Instruments, Questionnaires, Tables/Charts/Graphs, or 27 

List of Individuals in the Application 27 

Human Subjects Protection 28 

Privacy Certificate 28 

Request to Use Incentives or Stipends 28 

Documentation of “new investigator” status (if applicable) 28 

Consortium/Contractual Arrangements 28 

Data Archiving Plan 28 

Disclosures and Assurances 29 

Disclosure of Lobbying Activities 29 

DOJ Certified Standard Assurances 29 

Applicant Disclosure of Duplication in Cost Items 29 

DOJ Certifications Regarding Lobbying; Debarment, Suspension and 29 

Other Responsibility Matters; Drug-Free Workplace Requirements; 

Applicant Disclosure and Justification - DOJ High Risk Grantees 30 

How to Apply 30 

Submission Dates and Time 31 

Experiencing Unforeseen Technical Issues Preventing Submission 31 

of an Application 

Law Enforcement and Community Policing 

Application Review Information 32 

Review Criteria 32 

Review Process 34 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
Federal Award Administration Information 35 

Federal Award Notices 35 

Administrative, National Policy, and Other Legal Requirements 35 

Information Technology Security Clauses 35 

General Information about Post-Federal Award Reporting 

Requirements 

552a) 

35 

Federal Awarding Agency Contact(s) 35 

Other Information 36 

Freedom of Information and Privacy Act (5 U.S.C. 552 and 5 U.S.C. 36 

Provide Feedback to OJP 36 

Performance Measures 36 

Application Checklist 38 

Standard Solicitation Resources 41 

Endnotes 42 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
Program Description 

Overview 

OJP is committed to advancing work that promotes civil rights and racial equity, 

increases access to justice, supports crime victims and individuals impacted by the 

justice system, strengthens community safety and protects the public from crime and 

evolving threats, and builds trust between law enforcement and the community. 

With this solicitation, NIJ, in collaboration with the Office of Juvenile Justice and 

Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP), seeks proposals for rigorous research and evaluation 

projects that inform policy and practice in the field of juvenile justice. Specifically, this 

solicitation seeks proposals for studies that advance knowledge and understanding in the 

following three categories: 

1. Research and evaluation of legislative and administrative policy changes 

affecting youth involved in the justice system. Applicants must address one or more 

of the following three specified juvenile justice issues: 

Providing community-based alternatives to youth incarceration, with a focus 

on very high need/risk youth who have traditionally been held securely. 

Sealing and expungement of juvenile justice records. 

Reducing racial and ethnic disparities in the juvenile justice system. 

2. Research to assess dual system youth data capacity and service delivery across 

juvenile justice and child welfare systems. 

3. Analysis on the use of the valid court order exception. 

In FY 2023, applications proposing research outside of these three specified categories 

will not be considered. Applicants may submit proposals to more than one of these 

categories but each proposal must be in a separate application. Applicants are expected 

to identify the category to which a proposal is submitted on the title page of the Proposal 

Narrative. 

NIJ will give special consideration to proposals with methods that include meaningful 

engagement with the people with lived experience of the subject of study; including, but 

not limited to, justice practitioners, community members, crime victims, service providers, 

and individuals who have experienced justice system involvement. 

Applicants are encouraged to propose multidisciplinary research teams to build on the 

complementary strengths of different methods and areas of subject matter expertise. NIJ 

also seeks proposals that include consideration and measurement of issues of diversity, 

discrimination, and bias across age, gender and gender identity, race, ethnicity, religion, 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
and sexual orientation, as applicable. 

Applications proposing research involving partnerships with juvenile justice, criminal 

justice, child welfare, or other agencies, should include a letter of support, signed by an 

appropriate decision-making authority from each proposed, partnering agency. A letter of 

support should include the partnering agency’s acknowledgement that de-identified data 

derived from, provided to, or obtained through an award funded by NIJ will be archived 

by the grant recipient with the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data (NACJD) at the 

conclusion of the award. Applicants and their potential partners are encouraged to review 

NIJ’s data archiving guidance. If selected for an award, grantees will be expected to have 

a formal agreement in place with partnering agencies by January 1, 2024. That formal 

agreement must include a provision to meet the data archiving requirements of the 

award. 

NIJ seeks proposals that include robust, creative, and multi-pronged dissemination 

strategies that include strategic partnerships with organizations and associations that are 

best equipped to ensure that research findings lead to changes in policies and practices 

related to the subjects of study. Special consideration will be given to proposals that 

dedicate at least 15% of the requested project award funding toward implementing such 

strategies, as demonstrated in the Budget Worksheet and Budget Narrative. 

In the case of partnerships that will involve the use of federal award funds by multiple 

partnering agencies to carry out the proposed project, only one entity/partnering agency 

may be the applicant (as is the case with any application submitted in response to this 

solicitation); any others must be proposed as subrecipients. The applicant is expected to 

conduct a majority of the work proposed. 

Statutory Authority 

Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (section 221); Department of 

Justice Appropriations Act, 2023, Public Law 117-328, 136 Stat. 4459, 4538-4539; 28 

U.S.C. § 530C. 

Specific Information 

NIJ works closely with OJJDP to support high-quality, rigorous research, independent 

evaluations, and statistical analyses related to juvenile justice, juvenile delinquency, and 

child victimization. Applicants should familiarize themselves with prior NIJ-funded 

research and include knowledge of relevant research, not limited to NIJ-funded research, 

in their literature review.[1] The purpose of this solicitation is to invite applicants to 

propose research addressing one of three categories described below. Under each 

category, applicants should propose to conduct scientifically rigorous research and/or 

evaluation studies with an emphasis on informing policy and practice. Applicants should 

clearly articulate the research questions to be addressed and may propose a broad 

range of research methodologies to address these questions, including mixed qualitative 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
and quantitative methods. 

Category 1: Research and Evaluations of Legislative and Administrative Policy 

Changes Affecting Youth Involved in the Justice System 

Increasingly, states and localities are incorporating the lessons from research on 

adolescent development and the effects of intervention strategies into their reforms of 

juvenile justice policy and practice.[2] To advance understanding of these reforms and 

their impacts on youth (e.g., youth development outcomes, public safety, collateral 

penalties) and/or the juvenile justice system (e.g., cost effectiveness), NIJ seeks 

applications to conduct rigorous research or evaluations of legislative and administrative 

policy changes under one or more of the following three specified juvenile justice policy 

areas: 

Providing community-based alternatives to youth incarceration, with a focus on 

very high need/risk youth who have traditionally been held securely. 

Sealing and expungement of juvenile justice records. 

Reducing racial and ethnic disparities. 

Applicants may propose single or multisite research efforts. NIJ is particularly interested 

in supporting the development of evidence that is broadly generalizable. 

Category 2: Research to Assess Dual System Youth Data Capacity and Service 

Delivery across Juvenile Justice and Child Welfare Systems 

Dual system youth are a subset of “crossover youth” — juveniles who have been both 

victims of maltreatment and engaged in delinquent acts. The dual system youth 

population consists of crossover youth who have entered, at some point, both the child 

welfare and juvenile justice systems. For example, a recent study of dual system youth 

found that at least half of youth involved in the juvenile justice system in selected study 

sites have touched the child welfare system at some point in their lives.[3] 

Under Category 2, NIJ expects to award a single national study to assess the current 

status and inform future development of functional, linked administrative data capacity 

and services to better address the needs of dual system youth. Effectively addressing the 

needs of dual system youth requires: timely, systematic identification; collaborative 

service delivery across the child welfare and juvenile justice systems; meaningful case 

management and assessment of service delivery; and evaluation of the impact of 

integrated service delivery on key life outcomes. Cross- system data integration is crucial 

for advancement of practices by both the child welfare and juvenile justice systems.[4] 

Functional linked administrative data is an underlying prerequisite for timely identification 

of and collaborative service delivery to those youth who have entered (at some point in 

their lives) both the child welfare and juvenile justice systems.[5] 

Under Category 2, NIJ seeks applications to conduct an in-depth national assessment of 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
dual system youth data capacity and service delivery at the jurisdictional level to advance 

research, practice, and policy. NIJ is particularly interested in receiving rigorous, mixedmethod research proposals that move beyond convenience sampling and reliance on 

single data collection methods. In proposing research methods, applicants should clearly 

describe plans for maximizing the scientific rigor of quantitative and qualitative research 

methods and analysis strategies. Applicants should indicate the strengths and limitations 

of the proposed project design with detailed discussion of issues related to sample 

selection, generalizability, and validity. 

NIJ encourages researchers to approach this research creatively in order to maximize 

the utility of the findings in terms of assessing the current status and also informing the 

future development of functional, linked administrative data capacity and services to 

better address the needs of dual system youth nationwide. NIJ expects that an 

interdisciplinary approach will be required to effectively carry out the work envisioned in 

this solicitation. 

Category 3: Analysis on the Use of the Valid Court Order Exception 

As originally enacted by Congress in 1974, the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 

Prevention Act (JJDPA) prohibited placing youth charged with only status offenses in 

secure detention or locked confinement. This prohibition is known as the 

deinstitutionalization of status offenders (DSO) and is one of the core compliance 

requirements for the participation of states and U.S. territories in the OJJDP Formula 

Grants Program.[6] “Status offenses” refer to a broad range of offenses that would not be 

criminal if committed by an adult, such as truancy, curfew violation, failure to abide by 

parent’s rules, underage tobacco and alcohol use, and running away. Under the 1980 

and 2018 reauthorizations of the JJDPA, Congress provided an exception to the DSO 

requirement for a youth who is charged with or has committed a violation of a valid court 

order (VCO) issued for committing a status offense, such as a probation order requiring a 

youth to attend school or observe a curfew. A “valid court order” is a court order given by 

a juvenile court judge to a juvenile who was brought before the court and made subject to 

such order under proper procedures.[7] 

In FY 2021, NIJ issued a solicitation for research to better understand how to effectively 

comply with the DSO requirements,[8] under which it funded one project.[9] Additional 

rigorous research is needed on the VCO exception. While some information on states’ 

and territories’ usage of the VCO exception is collected by OJJDP through its compliance 

monitoring function (i.e., state’s plans to use the VCO exception), research is needed to 

better understand the impact of the VCO exception on juvenile justice systems, policies, 

and practices. 

NIJ seeks proposals for rigorous research on the use of the VCO exception. Research on 

service or support alternatives implemented as a result of the VCO exception and their 

impacts is of particular interest. 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
Additional Information 

Applicants should discuss potential risks and harms to individuals or groups associated 

with the use and/or misuse of any practice or technology proposed as a part of the 

research and evaluation, as well as any ethical considerations that may factor into its 

use. In addition, applicants should be aware of all relevant statutes, regulations, and/or 

governing judicial decisions (e.g., established case law, prevailing court rulings) related 

to the practice or technology’s proposed use. Any limitations that may impede the lawful 

use or implementation of any practice or technology proposed should be described, and 

a realistic approach to mitigate such limitations in the context of the proposed research 

should be discussed. 

Evaluation Research 

If an application includes an evaluation research component (or consists entirely of 

evaluation research), the application is expected to propose the most rigorous evaluation 

design appropriate for the research questions to be addressed. If the primary purpose of 

the evaluation is to determine the effectiveness or impact of an intervention (e.g., 

program, practice, or policy), the most rigorous evaluation designs may include random 

selection and assignment of participants (or other appropriate units of analysis) to 

experimental and control conditions. In cases where randomization is not feasible, 

applicants should propose a strong quasi-experimental design that can address the risk 

of selection bias. 

Applications that propose evaluation research should also include an implementation 

evaluation component to ensure that implementation fidelity metrics are collected and 

analyzed. Applicants are encouraged to propose research methods that enable interim 

feedback on implementation fidelity to enable program providers to make ongoing 

improvements in program delivery. 

If an application proposes research (including research and development) and/or 

evaluation, the applicant must demonstrate research/evaluation independence and 

integrity through discussion of potential risks (if any) to independence and integrity, and 

appropriate safeguards, as required. 

NIJ also encourages applicants to consider the feasibility of including a cost/benefit 

analysis. In cases where evaluations find that interventions have produced the intended 

benefit, cost/benefit analysis provides valuable and practical information for practitioners 

and policymakers that helps with decision-making. Evaluation research projects may also 

address a wide range of research questions beyond those focused on the effectiveness 

or impact of an intervention. Different research designs may be more appropriate for 

different research questions and at different stages of program development. The 

intervention strategies, setting, other contextual factors, and resources should be 

considered when selecting an evaluation design. 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
In all cases, applications are expected to propose the most rigorous evaluation design 

appropriate for the research questions to be addressed. Applicants are encouraged to 

review evidence-rating criteria at https://crimesolutions.ojp.gov/about/how-we-reviewand-rate-program-start-finish for further information on high-quality evaluation design 

elements. 

New Investigator/Early Career Opportunity 

NIJ is interested in supporting researchers who are early in their careers and new to 

NIJ’s research grant portfolios, specifically non-tenured assistant professors, or 

equivalent full-time staff scientist positions in a research institution, who propose 

research on topics relevant to NIJ’s Office of Research, Evaluation, and Technology 

(ORET). To that end, NIJ may, in appropriate circumstances, give special consideration 

in award decisions to applications proposing such researchers as principal investigators 

(PIs). To qualify, the proposed PI must at the time of application submission: 

Hold a non-tenured assistant professor appointment at an accredited institution of 

higher education in the United States or an equivalent full-time staff scientist 

position at a research institution in the United States. 

Have completed a terminal degree or post-graduate clinical training within the six 

(6) years prior to September 30, 2023. 

Have never previously received NIJ funding as a PI on a research project with the 

exception of Graduate Research Fellows. 

If seeking to be considered for the New Investigator/Early Career Opportunity, the 

applicant should identify that it is submitting a New Investigator/Early Career proposal on 

the title page of the application. 

Goals, Objectives, and Deliverables 

Goals 

The goal of this solicitation is to generate and advance knowledge, with meaningful 

implications for juvenile justice policy and practice. 

Objectives 

An applicant should address the objectives that are relevant to their proposed program/ 

project in the Goals, Objectives, Deliverables, and Timeline web-based form. 

The primary objectives of this solicitation are to support projects that address one of the 

following three categories: 1) research and independent evaluations of legislative and 

administrative policy changes affecting youth involved in the justice system, 2) research 

to assess dual system youth data capacity and service delivery across juvenile justice 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
and child welfare systems, and 3) analysis on the use of the valid court order exception. 

Deliverables 

Final Research Report. Any recipient of an award under this solicitation will be expected 

to submit a final research report. Additional information on the final research report 

requirement for the solicitation is posted on NIJ’s webpage. 

Required Data Sets and Associated Files and Documentation. Any recipient of an award 

under this solicitation will be expected to submit to the National Archive of Criminal 

Justice Data (NACJD) all data sets that result in whole or in part from the work funded by 

the award, along with associated files and any documentation necessary for future efforts 

by others to reproduce the project’s findings and/or to extend the scientific value of the 

data set through secondary analysis. 

In addition to these deliverables (and the required reports and data on performance 

measures), NIJ expects scholarly products to result from each award under this 

solicitation, taking the form of one or more published, peer-reviewed, scientific journal 

articles, and/or (if appropriate) law review journal articles, book chapter(s) or book(s) in 

the academic press, technological prototypes, patented inventions, or similar scientific 

products. NIJ expects that there will be an equal effort to make the research findings 

accessible to practitioner and policymaker audiences. 

The goals, objectives, and deliverables are directly related to the performance measures 

that show the completed work’s results, as discussed in the “Application and Submission 

Information” section. 

Priority Areas 

The Department of Justice is committed to advancing work that promotes civil rights and 

racial equity, increases access to justice, supports crime victims and individuals impacted 

by the justice system, strengthens community safety and protects the public from crime 

and evolving threats, and builds trust between law enforcement and the community. 

1. Priority Considerations Supporting Executive Order 13985, Advancing Racial Equity 

and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government 

In support of Executive Order 13985, OJP will give priority consideration to: 

A. Applications that propose research project(s) that are designed to promote racial 

equity and the removal of barriers to access and opportunity for communities that have 

been historically underserved, marginalized, and adversely affected by inequality, when 

making award decisions. 

To receive this consideration, the applicant must describe how the proposed project(s) 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
will address potential inequities and barriers to equal opportunity, and/or contribute to 

greater access to services for underserved and historically marginalized populations. 

B. Applicants that demonstrate that their capabilities and competencies for implementing 

their proposed project(s) are enhanced because they (or at least one proposed 

subrecipient that will receive at least 40% of the requested award funding, as 

demonstrated in the Budget Web-Based Form) identify as a culturally specific 

organization. 

To receive this additional priority consideration, applicants must describe how being a 

culturally specific organization (or funding the culturally specific subrecipient organization 

(s)) will enhance their ability to implement the proposed project(s) and should also 

specify which populations are intended or expected to be served or to have their needs 

addressed under the proposed project(s). 

Culturally specific organizations are defined for the purposes of this solicitation as private 

nonprofit or tribal organizations whose primary purpose as a whole is to provide culturally 

specific services to racial and ethnic groups, including, among others, Black people, 

Hispanic and Latino people, Native American and other Indigenous peoples of North 

America (including Alaska Native, Eskimo, and Aleut), Asian Americans, Native 

Hawaiians, and/or Pacific Islanders. 

2. Minority Serving Institutions 

NIJ will give special consideration in award decisions to proposals from Minority Serving 

Institutions (MSIs). 

MSIs include: 

Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) 

Hispanic-serving Institutions (HSI) 

Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCU) 

Alaska Native-serving Institutions or Native Hawaiian-serving Institutions (ANNH) 

Predominantly Black Institutions (PBI) 

Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving Institutions 

(AANAPISI) 

Native American-serving Non-Tribal Institutions (NASNTI) 

Whether an institution is an MSI is based on the original purpose of its establishment or 

its current enrollment thresholds and is designated as such by the federal government for 

various purposes under specific statutes. For more information, please see the U.S. 

Department of Education’s definitions and lists of institutions. (The lists are provided for 

reference purposes only; MSI status is not an eligibility criterion for this solicitation.) 

Note: Addressing these priority areas is one of many factors that NIJ considers in making 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
funding decisions. Receiving priority consideration for one or more priority areas does not 

guarantee an award. 

Federal Award Information 

Solicitation Categories 

Competition ID Category * Number 

of 

Awards 

Dollar 

Amount for 

Award 

Performance 

Start Date 

Performance 

Duration 

(Months) 

C-NIJ-2023-00024-PROD 

Category 1: 

Research and 

Evaluation of 

Legislative and 

Administrative 

Policy Changes 

Affecting Youth 

involved in the 

Justice System 

TBD $3,000,000 1/1/24 12:00 

AM TBD 

C-NIJ-2023-00025-PROD 

Category 2: 

Research to 

Assess Dual 

System Youth 

Data Capacity 

and Service 

Delivery across 

Juvenile Justice 

and Child 

Welfare Systems 

1 $2,000,000 1/1/24 12:00 

AM TBD 

C-NIJ-2023-00026-PROD 

Category 3: 

Analysis on the 

Use of the Valid 

Court Order 

Exception 

TBD $500,000 1/1/24 12:00 

AM TBD 

Awards, Amounts and Durations 

Anticipated Number of Awards 

TBD 

Anticipated Maximum Dollar Amount of Awards 

TBD 

Period of Performance Start Date Period of Performance Duration (Months) 

1/1/24 Up to 60 

Anticipated Total Amount to be 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
Awarded Under Solicitation 

$5,500,000.00 

Additional Information 

Please see Anticipated Number of 

Awards, Anticipated Maximum Dollar 

Amount of Awards, and Period of 

Performance Duration sections below. 

Continuation Funding Intent 

NIJ may, in certain cases, provide additional funding in future years to awards made 

under this solicitation through continuation awards. NIJ will consider, among other 

factors, NIJ’s strategic priorities, a recipient’s overall management of the award, and the 

award-funded work’s progress, when making continuation award decisions. 

Availability of Funds 

This solicitation, and awards under this solicitation, are subject to the availability of 

appropriated funds and to any modifications or additional requirements that may be 

imposed by the agency or by law. In addition, nothing in this solicitation is intended to, 

and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or 

in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its 

officers, employees, or agents, or any other person. 

Type of Award 

NIJ expects to make awards under this solicitation as grants. See the “Administrative, 

National Policy, and Other Legal Requirements” section of the OJP Grant Application 

Resource Guide for a brief discussion of important statutes, regulations, and award 

conditions that apply to many (or in some cases, all) OJP grants. 

Financial Management and System of Internal Controls 

Award recipients and subrecipients (including recipients or subrecipients that are passthrough entities) must, as described in the Part 200 Uniform Requirements as set out at 2 

C.F.R. § 200.303, comply with standards for financial and program management. See

the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for additional information.

Budget Information 

If the applicant is proposing a project that reasonably could be conducted in discrete 

phases, with each phase resulting in completion of one or more significant, defined 

milestones, then NIJ strongly recommends that the applicant structure the application — 

specifically including the narrative, expected scholarly products, timelines/milestones, 

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and budget detail worksheet and budget narrative — to clearly define each phase. (This 

is particularly the case if the applicant proposes a project that will exceed — in cost or 

the length of the period of performance — the amount or length of time anticipated for an 

individual award (or awards) under this solicitation.) Given limitations on the availability to 

NIJ of funds for awards for research, development, and evaluation, this information will 

assist NIJ in considering whether partial funding of applications would be productive. (If, 

in FY 2023, NIJ elects to fund only certain phases of a proposed project, the expected 

scholarly products from the partial-funding award may, in some cases, vary from those 

described above.) 

NIJ may elect to fund applications submitted under this FY 2023 solicitation in future 

fiscal years, dependent on, among other considerations, the merit of the applications and 

on the availability of appropriations. 

What will not be funded: 

Applications primarily to purchase equipment, materials, or supplies. (A budget may 

include these items if they are necessary to conduct research, development, 

demonstration, evaluation, or analysis.) 

The delivery of direct services. 

Applications that are not responsive to the purposes of this specific solicitation. 

Cost Sharing or Matching Requirement 

This solicitation does not require a match. See “Cofunding” paragraph under “Budget and 

Associated Documentation” in the “Application and Submission Information” section. 

Pre-agreement Costs (also known as Pre-award Costs) 

See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for information on pre-agreement costs 

(also known as pre-award costs). 

Limitation on Use of Award Funds for Employee Compensation: Waiver 

See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for information on the Limitation on Use 

of Award Funds for Employee Compensation; Waiver. 

Prior Approval, Planning, and Reporting of Conference/Meeting/Training Costs 

See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for information on Prior Approval, 

Planning, and Reporting of Conference/Meeting/Training Costs. 

Costs Associated with Language Assistance (if applicable) 

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See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for information on Costs Associated with 

Language Assistance. 

Anticipated Number of Awards 

The total number of awards NIJ expects to make under Categories 1 and 3 are to be 

determined by the number of applications received and their merit. NIJ expects to award 

a single national study under Category 2. 

Anticipated Maximum Dollar Amount of Awards 

Maximum dollar amount for each award to be determined by the requirements of the 

research proposed in grants selected for award. Applicants are encouraged to propose 

budgets that match the research activities proposed, up to the total dollar amount 

anticipated to be awarded under each category in this solicitation. 

Period of Performance Duration 

To be determined by the period of performance of awarded applications. Successful 

applicants will be expected to complete the work proposed within a five-year period of 

performance. 

Eligibility Information 

For eligibility information, see the solicitation cover page. 

For information on cost sharing or match requirements, see the “Federal Award 

Information” section. 

For the purposes of this solicitation, “state” means any state of the United States, the 

District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, 

American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. 

Foreign governments, foreign organizations, and foreign colleges and universities are not 

eligible to apply. 

Notice regarding law enforcement agencies: State, local, and university or college law 

enforcement agencies must be certified by an approved independent credentialing body 

or have started the certification process to be eligible for FY 2023 DOJ discretionary 

grant funding. To become certified, the law enforcement agency must meet two 

mandatory conditions: (1) the agency’s use-of-force policies adhere to all applicable 

federal, state, and local laws, and (2) the agency’s use-of-force policies prohibit 

chokeholds except in situations where use of deadly force is allowed by law. The 

certification requirement also applies to law enforcement agencies receiving DOJ 

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discretionary grant funding through a subaward. For detailed information on this 

certification requirement, please visit https://cops.usdoj.gov/SafePolicingEO to access 

the Standards for Certification on Safe Policing for Safe Communities, the 

Implementation Fact Sheet, and the List of Designated Independent Credentialing 

Bodies. 

All recipients and subrecipients (including any for-profit organization) must forgo any 

profit or management fee. 

Application and Submission Information 

Content of Application Submission 

The following application elements must be included in the application to meet the basic 

minimum requirements to advance to peer review and receive consideration for funding: 

Proposal Narrative 

Budget Web-Based Form (The web-based form includes the budget details and the 

budget narrative.) 

Curriculum Vitae/Resumes for Key Personnel. (For purposes of this solicitation, 

“key personnel” means the principal investigator, and any and all co-principal 

investigators.) 

If NIJ determines that an application does not include these elements, it will neither 

proceed to peer review, nor receive further consideration. 

Information to Complete the Application for Federal Assistance (SF-424) in 

Grants.gov 

The SF-424 must be submitted in Grants.gov. It is a required standard form used as a 

cover sheet for submission of pre-applications, applications, and related information. See 

the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for additional information on completing the 

SF-424. 

In Section 8F of the SF-424, please include the name and contact information of the 

individual who will complete the application in JustGrants. JustGrants will use this 

information (email address) to assign the application to this user in JustGrants. 

Intergovernmental Review: This solicitation (“funding opportunity”) is not subject to 

Executive Order (E.O.) 12372. (In completing the SF-424, an applicant is to answer 

question 19 by selecting “Program is not covered by E.O. 12372.”) 

Standard Applicant Information (JustGrants 424 and General Agency Information) 

The “Standard Applicant Information” section of the JustGrants application is prepopulated with the SF-424 data submitted in Grants.gov. The applicant will need to 

review the Standard Applicant Information in JustGrants and make edits as needed. 

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Within this section, the applicant will need to add ZIP codes for areas affected by the 

project; confirm their Authorized Representative; and verify and confirm the 

organization’s unique entity identifier, legal name, and address. 

Proposal Abstract 

A Proposal Abstract (no more than 400 words) summarizing the proposed project — 

including its purpose, primary activities, expected outcomes, the service area, intended 

beneficiaries, and subrecipients (if known) — must be completed in the JustGrants webbased form. This abstract should be in paragraph form without bullets or tables, written in 

the third person, and exclude personally identifiable information. Abstracts will be made 

publicly available on the OJP and USASpending.gov websites if the project is awarded. 

See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for an example of a proposal abstract. 

Proposal Narrative 

The Proposal Narrative should be submitted as an attachment in JustGrants. The 

attached document should be double-spaced, using a standard 12-point font; have no 

less than 1-inch margins; and should not exceed 30 numbered pages. If the Proposal 

Narrative fails to comply with these length restrictions, NIJ may consider such 

noncompliance in peer review and in the final award decision. Tables, charts, and graphs 

included in the program narrative can be created in a legible font smaller than 12-point, 

and those items will count toward the page limit. 

The Proposal Narrative should include the following sections: 

a. Title Page (not counted against the proposal narrative page limit) 

The title page should include: 

Project title. 

Submission date. 

Funding opportunity number. 

Solicitation category 

Principal Investigator (and any co-principal investigators). 

Unique author identifier (e.g., ORCID, ResearcherID, Scopus Author ID), if 

available. 

Requests for consideration under “new investigator” and/or “priority areas of 

research” areas. 

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Key words, including science focus areas. 

Contact information (that is, name, address, telephone number, and e-mail 

address) for both the applicant and the principal investigator. 

b. Resubmit Response (if applicable) (not counted against the proposal narrative page 

limit.) 

If an applicant is resubmitting an application presented previously to NIJ, but not funded, 

the applicant should indicate this. A statement should be provided, no more than two 

pages, addressing: (1) the title, submission date, and NIJ-assigned application number of 

the previous application, and (2) a brief summary of revisions to the application, including 

responses to previous feedback received from NIJ. 

c. Table of Contents and Figures (not counted against the proposal narrative page limit) 

d. Main Body 

1. Statement of the Problem 

The statement of the problem should address the need for research in this area. 

Applicants should discuss current gaps in data, research, and knowledge, including 

those for particular justice sectors, for certain populations, and to answer questions 

relevant to current policy and practice needs and public interests. It is not 

uncommon for multiple problems to exist simultaneously (for example, there may 

be a criminal justice problem affecting public safety, a current technical challenge/ 

need identified by forensic practitioners, as well as a scientific/technology gap 

between the current state of the art and a desired solution) and applicants should 

discuss each of these clearly and justify the importance of the separate issues. As 

part of this discussion, applicants should present a review of previous literature and 

discuss previous research related to these problems. 

2. Project Design and Implementation 

Applicants should provide a detailed description of the strategies to implement this 

research project and address the research questions. Design elements should 

follow directly from the research project’s goals and objectives and address the 

program-specific information noted in the solicitation. Applicants should describe 

the research methodology and analysis plan in detail and demonstrate the validity 

and usefulness of the data they will collect. Applicants should consider the rigor 

and soundness of the methodology and analytical and technical approaches for the 

proposed research and address the feasibility of the proposed project and potential 

challenges or problems in carrying out the activities. 

If the applicant is seeking priority consideration for Priority 1(A), it should address in 

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this section how the proposed project(s) will address issues related to racial equity 

and the removal of barriers to access and opportunity, and/or contribute to greater 

access to services, for communities that have been historically underserved, 

marginalized, and adversely affected by inequality, and should also identify how the 

project design and implementation will specifically incorporate the input or 

participation of these communities. 

3. Potential Impact 

Applicants should describe the potential impact of the research and how it may 

inform or improve juvenile or criminal justice-related policy, practice, or theory in the 

United States. The applicant should include a discussion of the proposed 

dissemination plan to produce scholarly products and to make information available 

to broader interested audiences, such as juvenile justice practitioners or 

policymakers. 

4. Capabilities and Competencies 

This section should describe the experience and capability of the applicant 

organization, key staff, and any proposed subgrantees (including consultants) that 

the applicant will use to implement and manage this effort and the federal funds 

under this award, highlighting any previous experience implementing projects of 

similar scope, design, and magnitude. Applicants should address: 

Experience and capacity to work with the proposed data sources in the 

conduct of similar research efforts. 

Experience and capacity to design and implement rigorous research and data 

analysis projects. 

Experience producing and disseminating meaningful deliverables. 

Applicants should also outline the management plan and organization that 

connects to the goals and objectives of the project. Among other factors, that plan 

should include a description of the anticipated level of effort of key personnel. 

If the applicant is seeking priority consideration under Priority 1(B), it should 

describe within this section how being a culturally specific organization (or funding 

a culturally specific subrecipient organization at a minimum of 40% of the project 

budget) will enhance its ability to implement the proposed project(s) and specify 

which culturally specific populations are intended or expected to be the subject and/ 

or beneficiary of the research conducted under the proposed project(s). 

5. Appendices (not counted against the proposal narrative page limit) include: 

The project management plan. 

If the application (including the budget) identifies any proposed noncompetitive agreements that are or may be considered procurement 

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"contracts" (rather than subawards), for purposes of federal grants 

administrative requirements, the applicant also must list the entities with 

which the applicant proposes to contract. 

List of other agencies, organizations, or funding sources to which this 

application has been submitted (if applicable). 

6. Plan for Collecting the Data Required for this Solicitation’s Performance 

Measures 

Note: An applicant is not required to submit performance data with the application. 

Rather, performance measure information is included as a notification that award 

recipients will be required to submit performance data as part of each award’s 

reporting requirements. Some measures are presented as examples, while others 

are the exact measures that every recipient will be expected to address. 

OJP will require each award recipient to submit regular performance data that show 

the completed work’s results. The performance data directly relate to the goals, 

objectives, and deliverables identified in the “Goals, Objectives, and Deliverables” 

discussion. Applicants can visit OJP’s performance measurement page at 

www.ojp.gov/performance for an overview of performance measurement activities 

at OJP. 

A list of performance measure questions for this program can be found in the 

‘Performance Measures’ section below. 

NIJ will require award recipients to submit performance measure data in quarterly 

financial reports, semi-annual performance reports, and the final research report 

and separately submit a semi-annual performance report in JustGrants. NIJ will 

provide further guidance on the post-award submission process if the applicant is 

selected for award. 

Goal, Objective and Deliverables 

The applicant will submit the project’s goals, objectives, deliverables, and timeline in the 

JustGrants web-based form. The applicant will also enter the projected fiscal year and 

quarter that each objective and deliverable will be completed. Please refer to the 

Application Submission Job Aid for step-by-step directions. 

Goals. The applicant should describe the project’s intent to change, reduce, or eliminate 

the problem noted in the previous section and outline the project’s goals. 

Program Objectives. The applicant should explain how the program will accomplish its 

goals. Objectives are specific, quantifiable statements of the project’s desired results. 

They should be measurable and clearly linked to the goal. 

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Deliverables. Project deliverables refer to outputs—tangible or intangible—that are 

submitted within the scope of a project. 

Budget and Associated Documentation 

Budget Worksheet and Budget Narrative (Web-based Form) 

The applicant will complete the JustGrants web-based budget form. For additional 

information, see the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide and the Complete the 

Application in JustGrants – Budget training. 

The following paragraph (on “Cofunding”) expressly modifies the “Cost Sharing or 

Matching Requirement” provisions in the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide. The 

applicant is to follow the guidance in the following paragraph instead of the guidance 

stated under the “Cost Sharing or Matching Requirement” heading in the OJP Grant 

Application Resource Guide. 

Cofunding: An award made by NIJ under this solicitation may account for up to 100 

percent of the total cost of the project. The application should indicate whether it is 

feasible for the applicant to contribute cash, facilities, or services as non-federal support 

for the project. The application should identify generally any such contributions that the 

applicant expects to make and the proposed budget should indicate in detail which items, 

if any, will be supported with non-federal contributions. 

For additional match information, see the “Cost Sharing or Match Requirement” section 

under Federal Award Information. 

If a successful application proposes a voluntary match amount, and OJP approves the 

budget, the total match amount incorporated into the approved budget becomes 

mandatory and subject to audit. 

If the applicant is seeking priority consideration under Priority 1(A) and has proposed 

activities (such as community or stakeholder meetings, community outreach or public 

awareness campaigns, community participation in project design, implementation, or 

evaluation, etc.) to incorporate the input and participation of communities that have been 

historically underserved, marginalized, and adversely affected by inequality, financial 

support for the identified activities and participation must be reflected in the web-based 

budget form. 

If the applicant is seeking priority consideration under Priority 1(B) based on the 

identification of at least one proposed subrecipient as a culturally specific organization, 

the proposed funding for the subrecipient in the web-based budget form must reflect a 

minimum of 40% of award funding. The budget narrative must also describe how the 

activities that will be funded with the (minimum) 40% of award funding provided to the 

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subrecipient specifically relate to the priority consideration requested and described 

in the Capabilities and Competencies section of the application. 

Pre-agreement Costs (also known as Pre-award Costs) 

See the section on Costs Requiring Prior Approval in the DOJ Grants Financial Guide 

Post Award Requirements for more information. 

Indirect Cost Rate Agreement (if applicable) 

If applicable, the applicant will upload their indirect cost rate agreement as an attachment 

in JustGrants. See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for more information on 

indirect costs. 

Consultant Rate 

See the DOJ Grants Financial Guide for information on the consultant rates which 

require prior approval from OJP. 

Limitation on Employee Compensation; Waiver 

See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for information on the Limitation on Use 

of Award Funds for Employee Compensation for Awards over $250,000; Waiver. 

Financial Management and System of Internal Controls Questionnaire (including 

applicant disclosure of high-risk status) 

The applicant will download the questionnaire, complete it, and upload it as an 

attachment in JustGrants. See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for the link to 

the questionnaire and additional information. 

Disclosure of Process Related to Executive Compensation 

If applicable, the applicant will upload a description of the process used to determine 

executive compensation as an attachment in JustGrants. See the “Application 

Attachments” section of the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for information. 

Additional Application Components 

The applicant will attach the additional requested documentation in JustGrants. 

Curriculum Vitae or Resumes 

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Provide curriculum vitae or resume of the principal investigator and any and all coprincipal investigators. In addition, curriculum vitae, resume, or biographical sketches of 

all other individuals (regardless of “investigator” status) who will be significantly involved 

in substantive aspects of the proposed project (including, for example, individuals such 

as statisticians used to conduct proposed data analysis). 

Tribal Authorizing Resolution 

An application in response to this solicitation may require inclusion of tribal authorizing 

documentation as an attachment. If applicable, the applicant will upload the tribal 

authorizing documentation as an attachment in JustGrants. See the OJP Grant 

Application Resource Guide for information on tribal authorizing resolutions. 

Timeline Form 

Proposed project timeline and expected milestones. 

Letters of Support 

Letters of cooperation/support or administrative agreements from organizations 

collaborating in the project, such as law enforcement and correctional agencies (if 

applicable). 

Research and Evaluation Independence and Integrity Statement 

If an application proposes research (including research and development) and/or 

evaluation, the applicant must demonstrate research/evaluation independence and 

integrity, including appropriate safeguards, before it may receive award funds. The 

applicant will upload documentation of its research and evaluation independence and 

integrity as an attachment in JustGrants. For additional information, see the OJP Grant 

Application Resource Guide. 

Bibliography/reference 

Provide a bibliography of any references cited in the Proposal Narrative. 

Any Tools/Instruments, Questionnaires, Tables/Charts/Graphs, or Maps 

Any tools/instruments, questionnaires, tables/charts/graphs, or maps pertaining to the 

proposed project that are supplemental to such items included in the main body of the 

narrative. 

List of Individuals in the Application 

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To assist OJP in assessing actual or apparent conflicts of interest (including such 

conflicts on the part of prospective reviewers of the application), provide a complete list 

of the individuals named or otherwise identified anywhere in the application (including in 

the budget or in any other attachment) who will or may work (or advise or consult) on the 

proposed research, development, or evaluation project. Applicants should use the “ 

Proposed Project Staff, Affiliation, and Roles” form available on the NIJ webpage to 

prepare this list. 

Human Subjects Protection 

Human Subjects Protection paperwork as a separate attachment (documentation and 

forms related to Institutional Review Board [IRB] review). See https://nij.ojp.gov/funding/ 

human-subjects-protection. Note: Final IRB approval is not required at the time an 

application is submitted. 

Privacy Certificate 

Privacy Certificate as a separate file (for further guidance go to 

https://nij.ojp.gov/funding/confidentiality-and-privacy-protections and https://nij.ojp.gov/ 

funding/model-privacy-certificate). 

Request to Use Incentives or Stipends 

Applicants proposing to use incentives or stipends payments as part of their research 

project design must submit an incentive or stipend approval request, as a separate 

document, according to the requirements set forth at https://nij.ojp.gov/funding/ 

participant-support-costs-and-incentives-social-science-research. 

Documentation of “new investigator” status (if applicable) 

Documentation of “new investigator” status, if applicable. 

Consortium/Contractual Arrangements 

Explain the programmatic, fiscal, and administrative arrangements to be made between 

the applicant organization and the consortium organization(s). 

Data Archiving Plan 

Applicants should anticipate that NIJ will require, through special award conditions, that 

data sets resulting in whole or in part from projects funded under this solicitation be 

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submitted for archiving with the NACJD. See https://nij.ojp.gov/funding/data-archiving. 

Applications should include as a separate file a brief plan — labeled “Data Archiving 

Plan” — to comply with data archiving requirements. The plan should provide brief details 

about proposed data management and archiving, including submission to NIJ (through 

NACJD) of all files and documentation necessary to allow for future efforts by others to 

reproduce the project’s findings and/or to extend the scientific value of the data set 

through secondary analysis. Pertinent files and documentation include, among other 

things, qualitative and quantitative data produced, instrumentation and data collection 

forms, codebook(s), any specialized programming code necessary to reproduce all 

constructed measures and the original data analysis, description of necessary deidentification procedures, and (when required) a copy of the privacy certificate and 

informed consent protocols. 

The plan should be one or two pages in length and include the level of effort associated 

with meeting archiving requirements. 

Note that recipients are strongly encouraged to submit required data sets at least 90 

days before the end of the period of performance. 

Disclosures and Assurances 

The applicant will address the following disclosures and assurances. 

Disclosure of Lobbying Activities 

Complete and submit the SF-LLL in Grants.gov. Once the applicant submits in 

Grants.gov, this information will pre-pend into JustGrants. See the OJP Grant Application 

Resource Guide for additional information. 

DOJ Certified Standard Assurances 

Review and accept the DOJ Certified Standard Assurances in JustGrants. See the OJP 

Grant Application Resource Guide for additional information. 

Applicant Disclosure of Duplication in Cost Items 

Complete the JustGrants web-based Applicant Disclosure of Duplication in Cost Items 

form. See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for additional information. 

DOJ Certifications Regarding Lobbying; Debarment, Suspension and Other 

Responsibility Matters; Drug-Free Workplace Requirements; Law Enforcement and 

Community Policing 

Review and accept the DOJ Certified Certifications Regarding Lobbying; Debarment, 

Suspension and Other Responsibility Matters; Drug-Free Workplace Requirements; Law 

Enforcement and Community Policing. See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide 

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 for additional information. 

Applicant Disclosure and Justification - DOJ High Risk Grantees 

If applicable, submit the DOJ High Risk Disclosure and Justification as an attachment in 

JustGrants. A DOJ High Risk Grantee is an award recipient that has received a DOJ 

High Risk designation based on a documented history of unsatisfactory performance; 

financial instability; management system or other internal control deficiencies; 

noncompliance with award terms and conditions on prior awards or is otherwise not 

responsible. See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for additional information. 

How to Apply 

Registration: Before submitting an application, all applicants must register with the 

System for Award Management (SAM). You must renew and validate your registration 

every 12 months. If you do not renew your SAM registration, it will expire. An expired 

registration can delay or prevent application submission in Grants.gov and 

JustGrants. Registration and renewal can take up to 10 business days to complete. 

Submission: Applications must be submitted to DOJ electronically through a two-step 

process via Grants.gov and JustGrants. 

Step 1: After registering with SAM, the applicant must submit the SF-424 and SF-LLL in 

Grants.gov at https://www.grants.gov/web/grants/register.html by the Grants.gov 

deadline. Submit the SF-424 and SF-LLL as early as possible, but no later than 48 

hours before the Grants.gov deadline. If an applicant fails to submit in Grants.gov, 

they will be unable to apply in JustGrants. 

Step 2: The applicant must then submit the full application, including attachments, in 

JustGrants at JustGrants.usdoj.gov by the JustGrants deadline. 

Within 24 hours after receipt of confirmation emails from Grants.gov, the individual in 

Section 8F of the SF-424 will receive an email from DIAMD-NoReply@usdoj.gov with 

instructions on how to create a JustGrants account. Register the Entity Administrator and 

the Application Submitter with JustGrants as early as possible but no later than 48-72 

hours before the JustGrants deadline. Once registered in JustGrants, the Application 

Submitter will receive an emailed link to complete the rest of the application in 

JustGrants. The Entity Administrator also will need to log into JustGrants to review and 

invite the applicant’s Authorized Representative(s) before an application can be 

submitted. 

Submit the complete application package in JustGrants at least 24 – 48 hours prior to the 

JustGrants deadline. Some of the application components will be entered directly into 

JustGrants, and others will require uploading attached documents. Therefore, applicants 

will need to allow ample time before the JustGrants deadline to prepare each component. 

Applicants may save their progress in the system and revise the application as needed 

prior to hitting the Submit button at the end of the application in JustGrants. 

For additional information, see the “How to Apply” section in the OJP Grant Application 

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Resource Guide and the DOJ Application Submission Checklist. 

Submission Dates and Time 

The SF-424 and the SF-LLL must be submitted in Grants.gov by 11:59 p.m. eastern 

time on May 29, 2023. 

The full application must be submitted in JustGrants by 8:59 p.m. eastern time on June 

12, 2023. 

OJP urges applicants to submit their Grants.gov and JustGrants submissions prior to the 

due dates with sufficient time to correct any errors and resubmit by the submission 

deadlines if a rejection notification is received. To be considered timely, the full 

application must be submitted in JustGrants by the JustGrants application deadline. 

Failure to begin the SAM.gov, Grants.gov, or JustGrants registration process in sufficient 

time (i.e., waiting until the date identified in this solicitation) is not an acceptable reason 

for late submission. 

Experiencing Unforeseen Technical Issues Preventing Submission of an Application 

OJP will only consider requests to submit an application after the deadline when the 

applicant can document that a technical issue with a government system prevented 

application submission. 

If an applicant misses a deadline due to unforeseen technical issues with SAM.gov, 

Grants.gov, or JustGrants, the applicant may request a waiver to submit an application 

after the deadline. However, the waiver request will not be considered unless it includes 

a tracking number generated when the applicant contacts the applicable service desks to 

report technical difficulties. Tracking numbers are generated automatically when an 

applicant emails the applicable service desks; and for this reason applicants are 

encouraged to email the appropriate service desk, even if they also intend to call the 

service desk for phone support. Experiencing wait times for phone support does not 

relieve the applicant of the responsibility of getting a tracking number. 

An applicant experiencing technical difficulties must contact the associated service desk 

indicated below to report the technical issue and receive a tracking number: 

SAM.gov - contact the SAM Help Desk (Federal Service Desk), Monday – Friday 

from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. ET at 866-606-8220. 

Grants.gov - contact the Grants.gov Customer Support Hotline,  24 hours a day, 7 

days a week, except on federal holidays, at 800-518-4726, 606-545-5035, or 

support@grants.gov. 

JustGrants - contact the JustGrants Service Desk at 

JustGrants.Support@usdoj.gov or 833-872-5175, Monday – Friday from 7:00 a.m. 

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to 9:00 p.m. ET and Saturday, Sunday, and Federal holidays from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 

p.m. ET. 

If an applicant has technical issues with SAM.gov or Grants.gov, the applicant must 

contact the OJP Response Center at grants@ncjrs.gov within 24 hours of the 

Grants.gov deadline to request approval to submit after the deadline. 

If an applicant has technical issues with JustGrants that prevent application submission 

by the deadline, the applicant must contact the OJP Response Center at 

grants@ncjrs.gov within 24 hours of the JustGrants deadline to request approval to 

submit after the deadline. 

Waiver requests sent to the OJP Response Center must -

describe the technical difficulties experienced, 

include a timeline of the applicant's submission efforts (e.g., date and time the error 

occurred, date and time of actions taken to resolve the issue and resubmit; and 

date and time support representatives responded), 

include an attachment of the complete grant application and all the required 

documentation and materials, 

include the applicant's Unique Entity Identifier (UEI), and 

include any SAM.gov, Grants.gov, and JustGrants Service Desk tracking numbers 

documenting the technical issue. 

OJP will review each waiver request and the required supporting documentation and 

notify the applicant whether the request for late submission has been approved or 

denied. An applicant that does not provide documentation of a technical issue or 

that does not submit a waiver request within the required time period will be denied. 

For more details on the waiver process, OJP encourages applicants to review the 

“Experiencing Unforeseen Technical Issues” section in the OJP Grant Application 

Resource Guide. 

Application Review Information 

Review Criteria 

Merit Review Criteria 

Applications that meet the basic minimum requirements will be evaluated by peer 

reviewers on how the proposed project/program addresses the following criteria: 

Statement of the Problem (understanding of the problem) (15%) 

Demonstrated understanding of the problem. 

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Demonstrated importance of research questions, goals and objectives, 

including alignment with the aims of the solicitation. 

Demonstrated awareness of the state of current research. 

Project Design and Implementation (quality and technical merit) (45%) 

Feasibility of proposed project. 

Soundness of methods and analytic and technical approach to addressing the 

stated aim(s) of the proposed project. 

Awareness of potential pitfalls of proposed project design and feasibility of 

proposed actions to minimize and/or mitigate them. 

Feasibility of completing the deliverables noted in the solicitation. 

Capabilities and Competencies (capabilities, demonstrated productivity, and 

experience of the applicant organization and proposed project staff) (20%) 

Qualifications and experience of proposed project staff (that is, the principal 

investigator, any and all co-principal investigators, and all other individuals 

(and organizations) identified in the application (regardless of “investigator” 

status) who will be significantly involved in substantive aspects of the 

proposed project). 

Demonstrated ability of the applicant organization to implement the proposed 

strategies and manage the effort. 

Relationship between the capabilities/competencies of the proposed project 

staff (including the applicant organization) and the scope and strategies of the 

proposed project. 

Potential Impact (15%) 

Potential for a significant scientific or technical advance(s) that will improve 

criminal/juvenile justice in the United States. 

Potential for significantly improved understanding of the stated criminal/ 

juvenile justice problem. 

Potential for innovative solution to address (all or a significant part of) the 

stated criminal/juvenile justice problem. 

Strength and feasibility of the proposed dissemination plan to produce 

scholarly products (such as published, peer-reviewed, scientific journal 

articles, book chapter(s) or book(s) in the academic press, technological 

prototypes, patented inventions, databases, standards or similar scientific 

products) as well as make summary information available to broader 

interested audiences, such as criminal justice practitioners or policymakers. 

Budget (5%) 

In addition, peer reviewers will consider and may comment on the following 

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additional items in the context of scientific and technical merit. 

Alignment of the proposed budget with proposed project activities. 

Appropriateness of the budget relative to the level of effort. 

Use of existing resources to conserve costs. 

Other Review Criteria/Factors 

Other important considerations for NIJ include geographic diversity, strategic priorities 

(specifically including, but not limited to, those priority areas already mentioned, if 

applicable), available funding, past performance, and the extent to which the Budget 

Web-Based Form accurately explains project costs that are reasonable, necessary, and 

otherwise allowable under federal law and applicable federal cost principles. 

Review Process 

Applications submitted under this solicitation that meet the basic minimum requirements 

will be evaluated for technical merit by a peer review panel(s) in accordance with OJP 

peer review policy and procedures using the review criteria listed above. 

OJP screens applications to ensure they meet the basic minimum requirements prior to 

conducting the peer review. Although specific requirements may vary, the following are 

common requirements applicable to all OJP solicitations: 

The application must be submitted by an eligible type of applicant. 

The application must request funding within programmatic funding constraints (if 

applicable). 

The application must be responsive to the scope of the solicitation. 

The application must include all items necessary to meet the basic minimum 

requirements. 

Pursuant to the Part 200 Uniform Requirements, before award decisions are made, OJP 

also reviews information related to the degree of risk posed by the applicant entity. 

Among other things to help assess whether an applicant with one or more prior federal 

awards has a satisfactory record of performance, integrity, and business ethics, OJP 

checks whether the applicant entity is listed in SAM as excluded from receiving a federal 

award. 

In addition, if OJP anticipates that an award will exceed $250,000 in federal funds, OJP 

also must review and consider any information about the applicant entity that appears in 

the non-public segment of the integrity and performance system accessible through SAM 

(currently, the Federal Awardee Performance and Integrity Information System, FAPIIS). 

Important Note on FAPIIS: An applicant may review and comment on any information 

about its organization that currently appears in FAPIIS and was entered by a federal 

awarding agency. OJP will consider such comments by the applicant, in addition to the 

other information in FAPIIS, in its assessment of the risk posed by the applicant entity. 

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All final award decisions will be made by the Director of the National Institute of Justice 

(NIJ), who may take into account not only peer review ratings and NIJ recommendations, 

but also other factors as indicated in this section. 

Federal Award Administration Information 

Federal Award Notices 

Generally, award notifications are made by the end of the current Federal fiscal year, 

September 30th. See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for information on 

award notifications and instructions. 

Administrative, National Policy, and Other Legal Requirements 

If selected for funding, in addition to implementing the funded project consistent with the 

OJP-approved application, the recipient must comply with all award conditions and all 

applicable requirements of federal statutes and regulations, including the applicable 

requirements referred to in the assurances and certifications executed in connection with 

award acceptance. For additional information on these legal requirements, see the 

“Administrative, National Policy, and Other Legal Requirements” section in the OJP 

Grant Application Resource Guide. 

Information Technology Security Clauses 

An application in response to this solicitation may require inclusion of information related 

to information technology security. See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for 

more information. 

General Information about Post-Federal Award Reporting Requirements 

In addition to the deliverables described in the “Program Description” section, all award 

recipients under this solicitation will be required to submit certain reports and data. 

Required reports. Award recipients typically must submit quarterly financial reports, semiannual performance reports, final financial and performance reports, and, if applicable, 

an annual audit report in accordance with the Part 200 Uniform Requirements or specific 

award conditions. Future awards and fund drawdowns may be withheld if reports are 

delinquent. (In appropriate cases, OJP may require additional reports.)

 See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for additional information on specific 

post-award reporting requirements, including performance measure data. 

Federal Awarding Agency Contact(s) 

For questions directed to the Federal Awarding Agency, see OJP Response Center 

contact information on cover page. 

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For OJP contact(s), contact information for Grants.gov, and contact information for 

JustGrants, see the solicitation cover page. 

Other Information 

Freedom of Information and Privacy Act (5 U.S.C. 552 and 5 U.S.C. 552a) 

See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for information on the Freedom of 

Information and Privacy Act (5 U.S.C. 552 and 5 U.S.C. 552a). 

Provide Feedback to OJP 

See the OJP Grant Application Resource Guide for information on how to provide 

feedback to OJP. 

Performance Measures 

Objective Performance Measure(s) Data Recipient Provides 

Conduct research in 

social and behavioral 

sciences having clear 

implications for juvenile 

justice policy and 

practice in the United 

States. 

Conduct research in 

science, technology, 

engineering, and/or 

mathematics having 

clear implications for 

juvenile justice policy 

and practice in the 

United States. 

1. Relevance to the needs of 

the field as measured by 

whether the project’s 

substantive scope did not 

deviate from the funded 

project or any subsequent 

agency-approved 

modifications to the scope. 

2. Quality of the research as 

demonstrated by the 

scholarly products that result 

in whole or in part from work 

funded under the NIJ award, 

such as published, peerreviewed, scientific journal 

articles, and/or (as 

appropriate for the funded 

project) law review journal 

articles, book chapter(s) or 

book(s) in the academic 

1. Quarterly financial reports, 

semi-annual and final 

performance reports, and 

products of the work 

performed under the NIJ 

award (including, at 

minimum, a final research 

report). If applicable, an 

annual audit report. 

2. List of citation(s) to all 

scholarly products that 

resulted in whole or in part 

from work funded under the 

NIJ award. 

3. If applicable, each data set 

that resulted in whole or in 

part from work funded under 

the NIJ award. 

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press, technological 

prototypes, patented 

inventions, or similar 

scientific products. 

3. Quality of management as 

measured by such factors as 

whether significant project 

milestones were achieved, 

reporting and other 

deadlines were met, and 

costs remained within 

approved limits. 

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Application Checklist 

NIJ FY23 Research on Juvenile Justice Topics 

This application checklist has been created as an aid in developing an application. For 

more information, reference the OJP Application Submission Steps in the OJP Grant 

Application Resource Guide and the DOJ Application Submission Checklist. 

Pre-Application 

Before Registering in Grants.gov: 

Acquire or renew your Entity’s System Award Management (SAM) Registration 

Information (see OJP Grant Application Resource Guide) 

Register in Grants.gov 

Acquire an Authorized Organization Representative (AOR) and a Grants.gov 

username and password (see OJP Grant Application Resource Guide) 

Acquire AOR confirmation from the E-Business Point of Contact (E-Biz POC) (see 

OJP Grant Application Resource Guide) 

Find the Funding Opportunity 

Search for the funding opportunity in Grants.gov using the opportunity number, assistance listing number, or keyword(s) 

Select the correct Competition ID 

Category 1: Research and Evaluation of Legislative and Administrative Policy 

Changes Affecting Youth involved in the Justice System -

C-NIJ-2023-00024-PROD 

Category 2: Research to Assess Dual System Youth Data Capacity and 

Service Delivery across Juvenile Justice and Child Welfare Systems - CNIJ-2023-00025-PROD 

Category 3: Analysis on the Use of the Valid Court Order Exception - CNIJ-2023-00026-PROD 

Access the funding opportunity and application package (see Step 7 in the OJP 

Grant Application Resource Guide) 

Sign up for Grants.gov email notifications (optional) (see OJP Grant Application 

Resource Guide) 

Read Important Notice: Applying for Grants in Grants.gov 

Read OJP policy and guidance on conference approval, planning, and reporting 

available at https://www.ojp.gov/funding/financialguidedoj/iii-postawardPage 38 of 43 

O-NIJ-2023-171662 
requirements#6g3y8 (see OJP Grant Application Resource Guide) 

Review the Overview of Post-Award Legal Requirements 

Review the “Overview of Legal Requirements Generally Applicable to OJP Grants 

and Cooperative Agreements - FY 2023 Awards” in the OJP Funding Resource 

Center. 

Review the Scope Requirement 

The federal amount requested is within the allowable limit(s) of $3,000,000 for 

Category 1; $2,000,000 for Category 2; and $500,000 for Category 3. 

Review Eligibility Requirement: 

Review the Eligibility section on the cover page and Eligibility Information section in 

the solicitation. 

~~~~ 

Application Step 1 

Submit the SF-424 and SF-LLL in Grants.gov 

In Section 8F of the SF-424, include the name and contact information of the 

individual who will complete the application in JustGrants and the SF-LLL in

Grants.gov 

Within 48 hours after the SF-424 and SF-LLL submission in Grants.gov, receive four (4) Grants.gov email notifications: 

a submission receipt 

a validation receipt 

a grantor agency retrieval receipt 

an agency tracking number assignment 

If no Grants.gov receipt and validation email is received, or if error notifications are 

received: 

Contact OJP Response Center at grants@ncjrs.gov or 800-851-3420 or TTY: 

301-240-6310 (hearing impaired only) or Grants.gov Customer Support Hotline at 

800-518-4726, 606-545-5035, Grants.gov customer support, or 

support@grants.gov regarding technical difficulties (see OJP Grant Application Resource Guide) 

Within 24 hours after receipt of confirmation emails from Grants.gov, the individual in 

Section 8F of the SF-424 will receive an email from JustGrants with login instructions. 

Proceed to Application Step 2 and complete application in JustGrants 

Application Step 2 

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Submit the following information in JustGrants: 

Application Components 

Standard Applicant information (SF-424 information from Grants.gov) 

Proposal Abstract 

Proposal Narrative* 

Budget and Associated Documentation 

Budget Web-Based form* 

Indirect Cost Rate Agreement (if applicable) (see OJP Grant Application Resource 

Guide) 

Financial Management and System of Internal Controls Questionnaire (see OJP 

Grant Application Resource Guide) 

Disclosure of Process related to Executive Compensation (see OJP Grant 

Application Resource Guide) 

Additional Application Components 

Tribal Authorizing Resolution (if applicable) (see OJP Grant Application Resource 

Guide) 

Research and Evaluation Independence and Integrity (see OJP Grant Application 

Resource Guide 

Request and Justification for Employee Compensation; Waiver (if applicable) (see 

OJP Grant Application Resource Guide) 

Curriculum Vitae or Resumes* 

Timeline Form 

Letters of Support 

Bibliography/reference 

Any tools/instruments, questionnaires, tables/chart/graphs, or maps 

List of Individuals 

Human Subjects 

Privacy Certificate 

Request to Use Incentives or Stipends 

New Investigator Status (if applicable) 

Consortium/Contractual Arrangements 

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Data Archiving 

Disclosures and Assurances 

Disclosure of Lobbying Activities (SF-LLL) (see OJP Grant Application Resource 

Guide) 

Applicant Disclosure of Duplication in Cost Items (see OJP Grant Application 

Resource Guide) 

DOJ Certified Standard Assurances (see OJP Grant Application Resource Guide) 

DOJ Certifications Regarding Lobbying; Debarment, Suspension and Other 

Responsibility Matters; and Drug-Free Workplace Requirements (see OJP Grant 

Application Resource Guide) 

Applicant Disclosure and Justification – DOJ High Risk Grantees (if applicable) 

(see OJP Grant Application Resource Guide) 

*Note: Items designated with an asterisk must be submitted for an application to

meet the basic minimum requirements review. If OJP determines that an

application does not include the designated items, it will neither proceed to peer

review, nor receive further consideration. 

Review, Certify and Submit Application in JustGrants 

Any validation errors will immediately display on screen after submission. 

Correct validation errors, if necessary, and then return to the “Certify and Submit” 

screen to submit the application. Access the Application Submission Validation 

Errors Quick Reference Guide for step-by-step instructions to resolve errors prior to 

submission. 

Once the application is submitted and validated, a confirmation message will appear at the top of the page. Users will also receive a notification in the “bell” 

alerts confirming submission. 

If no JustGrants application submission confirmation email or validation is received, or if 

error notification is received: 

Contact the JustGrants Service Desk at 833-872-5175 or 

JustGrants.Support@usdoj.gov regarding technical difficulties. See the OJP Grant 

Application Resource Guide for additional information. 

Standard Solicitation Resources 

OJP Grant Application Resource Guide provides guidance to assist OJP grant applicants 

in preparing and submitting applications for OJP funding. 

DOJ Grants Financial Guide serves as the primary reference manual to assist award 

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O-NIJ-2023-171662 
recipients in fulfilling their fiduciary responsibility to safeguard grant funds and to ensure 

funds are used for the purposes for which they were awarded. It compiles a variety of 

laws, rules and regulations that affect the financial and administrative management of 

DOJ awards. This guide serves as a starting point for all award recipients and 

subrecipients of DOJ grants and cooperative agreements in ensuring the effective dayto-day management of awards. 

JustGrants Resources Website is an entryway into information about JustGrants and the 

grants management system itself. Through this portal both award recipients and 

applicants can access training resource and user support options, find frequently asked 

questions and sign-up for the JustGrants Update e-newsletter. 

JustGrants Application Submission Training Page offers helpful information and 

resources on the application process. This training page includes e-learning videos, 

reference guides, checklists and other resources to help applicants complete an 

application. 

Virtual Q&A Sessions are advertised here and provide opportunities for users to receive 

topic-specific training, direct technical assistance and support on JustGrants system 

functionality. 

Endnotes 

[1] For a summary of topics and projects previously awarded by NIJ under the Research 

on Juvenile Justice Topics solicitation, please refer to https://nij.ojp.gov/funding/ 

opportunities/o-nij-2021-40003 for FY 2021 and to https://nij.ojp.gov/funding/ 

opportunities/o-nij-2022-171216 for FY 2022. 

[2] See the following National Academy of Sciences reports: National Research Council. 

2013. Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach. Committee on Assessing 

Juvenile Justice Reform, R.J. Bonnie, R.L. Johnson, B.M. Chemers, and J.A. Schuck, 

Eds. Committee on Law and Justice, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and 

Education. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press and National Research 

Council. 2014. Implementing Juvenile Justice Reform: The Federal Role. Committee on a 

Prioritized Plan to Implement a Developmental Approach in Juvenile Justice Reform, 

Committee on Law and Justice, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and 

Education. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. 

[3] Kelley, B.T. & Haskins, P. (2021) "Dual System Youth: At the Intersection of Child 

Maltreatment and Delinquency," Retrieved from https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/dualsystem-youth-intersection-child-maltreatment-and-delinquency. 

[4] Literature Review of the OJJDP Model Programs Guide, May 2021. Retrieved from 

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Literature Review: Intersection of Juvenile Justice and Child Welfare Systems | Office of 

Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (ojp.gov). 

[5] Kelley, B.T. & Haskins, P. (2021) “Dual System Youth: At the Intersection of Child 

Maltreatment and Delinquency.” National Institute of Justice. Retrieved from https:// 

nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/dual-system-youth-intersection-child-maltreatment-anddelinquency. 

[6] Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act Reauthorization 2018. Available 

online: https://ojjdp.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xyckuh176/files/media/document/jjdpa-asamended_0.pdf. 

[7] The JJDPA defines a valid court order as “a court order given by a juvenile court 

judge to a juvenile – 

A. who was brought before the court and made subject to such order; and 

B. who received, before the issuance of such order, the full due process rights 

guaranteed to such juvenile by the Constitution of the United States. 

[8] Research on Juvenile Justice Topics, Fiscal Year 2021. Available online: https:// 

nij.ojp.gov/funding/O-NIJ-2021-40003.pdf. 

[9] Reducing Youth Incarceration for Runaway and Truancy: A National Scan of Practice 

and Evaluability Assessment in Three Sites. See: https://nij.ojp.gov/funding/awards/ 

15pnij-21-gg-03265-ress. 

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