## Cover Letter

Dear EPA Premanufacture Notice Review Committee, This is a Premanufacture Notification (PMN) for the chemical known as “benzenepropanol, 1-benzoate” (CAS# 60045-26-3). Emerald Kalama Chemical, LLC (a company within Emerald Performance Materials, LLC) intends to manufacture and market this substance under the names “KFLEX® 613,” “3PP Benzoate,” and “3-PPB”. Benzenepropanol, 1-benzoate has made appearances in the flavor and fragrance industries but there are no known industrial manufacturers at this time. Emerald Kalama Chemical is seeking REACH registration concurrently with TSCA Inventory registration. Motivation for producing this chemical stems from an industrial shift toward non-phthalate plastics additives in recent years. Emerald Kalama Chemical has been developing non-phthalate plastics additives for over a decade and KFLEX® 613 will be another such additive to complement our product portfolio. This new substance is to be marketed for use in adhesives, plastisols, and in architectural coatings and paints. KFLEX®613 offers improved performance versus select phthalate-based polymer additives or higher-VOC, non-phthalate polymer additives and is anticipated to have a reduced environmental impact and lower toxicity based upon its registration as a flavoring additive in Europe. More details on these benefits can be found on Page 11 of this PMN. In this notice you will also find details regarding raw materials, impurities, byproducts, the intended manufacturing process, product specifications, physical properties of the substance, and estimated worker exposures for the manufacturing facility under Emerald Kalama Chemical control. The manufacturing methods of our customers are proprietary and as such Emerald Kalama Chemical cannot provide information regarding worker and environmental exposure potentials at facilities not under our control. Because this new chemical replaces existing substances of a similar nature it is intended to integrate into existing process equipment without modifications that would increase said exposures. Environmental and toxicity testing of KFLEX®613 is underway at the time of this submission. Test results received during the 90-day PMN review period will be submitted to the EPA in accordance with EPA regulations. KFLEX®613 is expected to behave similarly to KFLEX® substances currently in production. It is expected and desired that further testing proves our new product to be less detrimental to humans and the environment than similar polymer additives currently on the market. Should any questions arise during the review of this PMN please do not hesitate to contact our Technical Contact as provided within the forthcoming document. It is our desire to assist the EPA in the review of this substance in any way possible such that an approval can be reached upon the conclusion of the 90-day review period. Please note that this PMN submission contains Confidential Business Information that we wish to be excluded from the public version of this notice. Sincerely, Darren Lee

Page 1 SANITIZED SUBMISSION

### Emerald Kalama Chemical, LLC

1296 Third Street, NW Kalama, WA 98625

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### 74570005769 KFLE140306960347216 KF6130

X X X X

X

X

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### X

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## X

Page 4 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONDarren Lee Process Engineer Emerald Kalama Chemical, LLC 1296 Third Street, NW Kalama WA 98625 darren.lee@emeraldmaterials.com

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## X

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## X

Benzenepropanol, 1-benzoate

60045-26-3 

## X 375662 KFLEX613 Inventory Expert Services Results.pdf 

### C16H16O2

KFLEX613 Structural Diagrams.png

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## X

X

X SANITIZED KFLEX613 Reaction Equation.png

Page 7 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONPage 8 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONPage 9 SANITIZED SUBMISSION3-Phenylpropyl Benzoate

Benzenepropanol, benzoate

KFLEX(R) 613 3PP Benzoate 3-PPB

3-Phenylpropyl Benzoate SANITIZED KFLEX613 Impurities.docx Water 7732-18-5 0.1
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### X Unidentified Organics Species 0.5 XXX XXX XXX 

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Water 7732-18-5 XXX XXX 

### X Carbon Dioxide 124-38-9 Unidentified Organics Species

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X SANITIZED KFLEX613 Production Forecast 2014-2018.docx

KFLEX(R) 613 (Benzenepropanol, 1-benzoate) is well suited as a plasticizer in many different applications where low volatile organic content is desired. A plasticizer in adhesives for food-product packaging XXX 

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A diluent type plasticizer in plastisols XXX 

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A coalescent in architectural paints and coatings. XXX 

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A fragrance carrier in fragrances XXX 

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## X 1

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## X Emerald Kalama Chemical, LLC 1296 Third Street, NW Kalama Cowlitz WA 98625

Page 12 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONSee Attachment 006 (SANITIZED KFLEX613 Process Description Diagram.pdf)

SANITIZED KFLEX613 Process Description Diagram.pdf

Page 13 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONSampling Reactor See continuation page. id: <P9SA2(3)C1R1> Liquid up to 98% New Substance 1 XXX XXX 

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Sampling Distillation Overheads See continuation page. id: <P9SA2(3)C1R2> Liquid up to 100% New Substance 1 XXX XXX 

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Sampling Distillation Bottoms See continuation page. id: <P9SA2(3)C1R3> Liquid up to 100% New Substance 1 XXX XXX 

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Sampling Storage Tanks See continuation page. id: <P9SA2(3)C1R4> Liquid up to 100% New Substance 1 XXX XXX 

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Process Equipment Turnaround and Cleaning See continuation page. id: <P9SA2(3)C1R5> Liquid up to 100% New Substance 3 XXX XXX 

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Changing Filters See continuation page. id: <P9SA2(3)C1R6> Liquid up to 100% New Substance 2 XXX XXX 

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Page 14 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONP9SA2(3)C1R1 Part II, Section A, 2.(3) Prot. Equipment, etc., Row 1

Protective Gear: Fire retardant coveralls, chemical resistant gloves, steel toed boots, safety glasses with side shields, face shield, and rain jacket. Sample material is run through a sample cooler before material leaves the process to prevent exposure to hot process materials. Sample point is directed into an open vessel and material exits the process below shoulder level.

Page 15 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONP9SA2(3)C1R2 Part II, Section A, 2.(3) Prot. Equipment, etc., Row 2

Protective Gear: Fire retardant coveralls, chemical resistant gloves, steel toed boots, safety glasses with side shields, face shield, and rain jacket. Samples are taken from an overheads accumulator and sample nozzles are located below shoulder level and directed away from the operator.

Page 16 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONP9SA2(3)C1R3 Part II, Section A, 2.(3) Prot. Equipment, etc., Row 3

Protective Gear: Fire retardant coveralls, chemical resistant gloves, steel toed boots, safety glasses with side shields, face shield, rain jacket and rain pants. Sample point is below shoulder level and the nozzle points away from operators.

Page 17 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONP9SA2(3)C1R4 Part II, Section A, 2.(3) Prot. Equipment, etc., Row 4

Protective Gear: Fire retardant coveralls, chemical resistant gloves, steel toed boots, safety glasses with side shields, face shield, and rain jacket. Sample points are below shoulder level and nozzles face away from operators.

Page 18 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONP9SA2(3)C1R5 Part II, Section A, 2.(3) Prot. Equipment, etc., Row 5

Protective Gear: Fire retardant coveralls, steel toed boots, chemical resistant gloves, safety glasses with side shields, rain coat and/or rain pants.

Page 19 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONP9SA2(3)C1R6 Part II, Section A, 2.(3) Prot. Equipment, etc., Row 6

Protective Gear: Fire retardant coveralls, chemical resistant gloves, steel toed boots, safety glasses with side shields, and rain jacket and pants.

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## X Columbia River WA0000281

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Page 22 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONP10SB1(a)(4)1 Part II, Section B, 1(a)(4). Operation Site Locations

XXX

Page 23 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONPage 24 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONPollution and Waste Control in Manufacturing:

{XXX} Reduced Risk to Human Health and the Environment: As Industry shifts to more human-and-environmentally-friendly substances there remains a strong desire to simultaneously improve upon product quality and performance. The toxicological and environmental advantages of KFLEX(R)613, heretofore referred to as benzenepropanol, 1- benzoate, are some of the properties that make it attractive in the marketplace. While KFLEX(R)613 possesses many desirable properties specific to a variety of applications, its common benefit is a lower toxicity and low volatility profile when compared to many traditional plasticizers that are commonplace today. Replacing these traditional plasticizers with KFLEX(R)613 may provide a net reduction in environmental pollution and lessen the impact of polymeric materials on human health in both the manufacturing and end-product environments. Application-Specific Benefits: Benefits attributed to using KFLEX(R)613 in adhesives applications are explained in-depth in the attached document #010, titled "MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER IN ADHESIVE PREPARATIONS" with accompanying document #011, "Figures for Adhesive Preparations." This documentation was provided for US patent publication number WO2013123188 A2. Primary benefits of using KFLEX(R)613 in place of select traditional plasticizers include improved processability, peel strength, water reduction, and lower volatility. In some instances KFLEX(R)613 can be used in a lesser quantity than traditional plasticizers to achieve the same or better performance in the adhesive material. Use of KFLEX(R)613 in water-formulated adhesives may replace existing solvent-formulated adhesive processes, potentially reducing the quantity of more-hazardous solvents in the industry. Benefits attributed to using KFLEX(R)613 in plastisol applications are explained in-depth in the attached document #012, titled "MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER IN PLASTISOL COMPOSITIONS" with accompanying document #013, "Figures for Plastisol Compositions." This documentation was provided for US patent publication number WO2013123127 A1. Primary benefits of using KFLEX(R)613 in place of select traditional plasticizers include more desirable viscosity stability, and processability, as well as a lower gel-fusion temperature in vinyl polymers. This lower gel-fusion temperature is of particular interest as it permits processing at lower temperatures, saving energy and time in the manufacturing process. Benefits attributed to using KFLEX(R)613 in polymeric paints and coatings applications are explained in-depth in the attached document #014, titled "MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER/COALESCENT IN POLYMERIC DISPERSIONS" with accompanying document #015, "Figures for Polymeric Dispersions." This documentation was provided for US patent publication number WO2013123149 A2. Primary benefits of using KFLEX(R)613 in place of select traditional plasticizers and coalescents include, depending on the application, improved compatibility, film-formation, processessability, gloss, hardness, and durability of the polymeric coating.

Page 25 SANITIZED SUBMISSION001 CAS IES Method 1 Chemical ID Verification KFLEX613 Inventory Expert Services Results.pdf Pt.I, Sec.B, 1c. 2
002 Benzenepropanol, 1-benzoate structural configurations KFLEX613 Structural Diagrams.png Pt.I, Sec.B, 1e. 1 003 KFLEX613 Nature of Reaction SANITIZED KFLEX613 Reaction Equation.png Pt.I, Sec.B, 1e(2). 1
004 KFLEX613 Impurities and Byproducts SANITIZED KFLEX613 Impurities.docx Pt.I, Sec.B, 3. 1 005 KFLEX613 Impurities and Byproducts SANITIZED KFLEX613 Production Forecast 2014- Pt.I, Sec.C, 1. 1 006 KFLEX613 Process Description Diagram SANITIZED KFLEX613 Process Description Diagram.pdf Pt.2, Sec.A, 1d. 1 007 KFLEX613 Safety Data Sheet KFLEX613 SDS.pdf 9 008 KFLEX613 Technical Data Sheet KFLEX613 Technical Data Sheet.pdf See continuation page. id: <P12008> 2 009 KFLEX613 Incineration Byproduct Compositions ALS waste burn sample test result K1308898.pdf 13 010 MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER IN ADHESIVE PREPARATIONS EMER-P-FF-1-ADHESIVES.pdf 28 011 Figures for Adhesive Preparations EMER-P-FF-1-Figures revised.pdf 34
012 MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A EMER-P-FF-2-PLASTISOLS.pdf 24 013 Figures for Plastisol Compositions EMER-P-FF-2-PCT-revised Figures.pdf 9 014 MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER/COALESCENT IN POLYMERIC EMER-P-FF-3-Coatings.pdf 37
015 Figures for Polymeric Dispersions EMER-P-FF-3-Figures 15 016 Acute Oral Toxicity to the Rat SANITIZED KFLEX613 Acute Oral Toxicity to the Rat.pdf 27 017 Acute Dermal Toxicity to the Rat SANITIZED KFLEX613 Acute Dermal Toxicity to the Rat.pdf 27 018 Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test SANITIZED KFLEX613 Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test.pdf 37 019 Skin Sensitization using Local Lymph Node SANITIZED KFLEX613 Skin 29 020 Soil Adsorption Test SANITIZED KFLEX613 Soil Adsorption Test.pdf 18

Page 26 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONP12008 List of Attachments, Associated PMN Section No., ID: 008

Worksheet: Physical State | Worksheet: Vapor Pressure | Worksheet: Density | Worksheet: Boiling / sublimation temp | Worksheet: Other Property (Flash Point) | Worksheet: Other Property (VOC, ASTM D2369) | Worksheet: Other Property (Viscosity, kinematic @ 25°C)

Page 27 SANITIZED SUBMISSION008 

## X X Measured

008 

## X 0.00005 Measured 25 008 

## X 1.07 Measured

008 

## X 191 Measured 5



## X 008 193°C Measured Flash Point

Page 28 SANITIZED SUBMISSIONVOC, ASTM D2369 

## X 008 4.5% Measured Viscosity, kinematic @ 25°C 

## X 008 21 cSt Measured

Page 29 SANITIZED SUBMISSION

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 001 Attachment Name CAS IES Method 1 Chemical ID Verification 

## Associated PMN Section Number

Pt.I, Sec.B, 1c.
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 002 Attachment Name Benzenepropanol, 1-benzoate structural configurations 

## Associated PMN Section Number

Pt.I, Sec.B, 1e.
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 003 Attachment Name KFLEX613 Nature of Reaction 

## Associated PMN Section Number

Pt.I, Sec.B, 1e(2).
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 004 Attachment Name KFLEX613 Impurities and Byproducts 

## Associated PMN Section Number

Pt.I, Sec.B, 3.
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 005 Attachment Name KFLEX613 Impurities and Byproducts 

## Associated PMN Section Number

Pt.I, Sec.C, 1.
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 006 Attachment Name KFLEX613 Process Description Diagram 

## Associated PMN Section Number

Pt.2, Sec.A, 1d.
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 007 Attachment Name KFLEX613 Safety Data Sheet 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 008 Attachment Name KFLEX613 Technical Data Sheet 

## Associated PMN Section Number Worksheet: Physical State | Worksheet: Vapor Pressure | Worksheet: Density | Worksheet: Boiling / sublimation temp | Worksheet: Other Property (Flash Point) | Worksheet: Other Property (VOC, ASTM D2369) | Worksheet: Other Property (Viscosity, kinematic @ 25°C)

Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 009 Attachment Name KFLEX613 Incineration Byproduct Compositions 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 010 Attachment Name MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER IN ADHESIVE PREPARATIONS



## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 011 Attachment Name Figures for Adhesive Preparations 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 012 Attachment Name MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER IN PLASTISOL PREPARATIONS



## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 013 Attachment Name Figures for Plastisol Compositions 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 014 Attachment Name MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER/COALESCENT IN POLYMERIC DISPERSIONS 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 015 Attachment Name Figures for Polymeric Dispersions 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 016 Attachment Name Acute Oral Toxicity to the Rat 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 017 Attachment Name Acute Dermal Toxicity to the Rat 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 018 Attachment Name Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 019 Attachment Name Skin Sensitization using Local Lymph Node Assay of the Mouse



## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216

## ATTACHMENT HEADER SHEET

Attachment Number 020 Attachment Name Soil Adsorption Test 

## Associated PMN Section Number

N/A
Does not contain CBI 

## Report Number KFLE140306960347216