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                                    Punishment Rate Measures Prison Use Relative To Crime: Metric Offers New Perspective On State Incarceration Levels (2016)

      

                    
          
    Punishment Rate Measures Prison Use Relative to Crime: Metric offers new perspective on state incarceration levels (2016)
https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2016/03/the-pun...
  
            "Researchers, policymakers, and the public rely on a variety of statistics to measure how society punishes crime. Among the most common is the imprisonment rate—the number of people in prison per 100,000 residents. This metric allows for comparisons of prison use over time and across jurisdictions and is widely seen as a proxy for punishment. States with high imprisonment rates, for example, are considered more punitive than those with low rates.

A more nuanced assessment of punishment than the ratio of inmates to residents is that of inmates to crime— what The Pew Charitable Trusts calls the “punishment rate.” This new metric gauges the size of the prison population relative to the frequency and severity of crime reported in each jurisdiction, putting the imprisonment rate in a broader context.

Using the punishment rate to examine the U.S. criminal justice system, Pew found that all states became more punitive from 1983 to 2013, even though they varied widely in the amount of punishment they imposed. The analysis also shows that the nation as a whole has become more punitive than the imprisonment rate alone indicates."
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