## Pilot Certification and Qualification Requirements for Air Carrier **Operations Final Rule** The NTSB investigated these accidents and the changes enacted in this rule address, at least in part, the following NTSB recommendations

— **NTSB Recommendation(s) Source Document**  **Train flightcrews to respond to sudden, unusual, or unexpected aircraft upsets**  **.** Recommendations :
 A
- 96
- 120
 A
- 04
- 62
 A
- 07
- 3
 A
- 09
- 113 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics : **Aerodynamics**

**- Stall Prevention**  **and Recovery** Learning Objective. Students will understand the factors leading to a stall, indications of an impending stall, full stall identification, and proper stall recovery techniques. The student will know how and when to use these principles in flig ht operations of large transport aircraft for the prevention and recovery of stall events.

**- Upset Prevention and Recovery**  Learning Objective. Students should understand the factors that may lead to airplane upset, learn proper airplan e upset prevention and recovery techniques, and apply these principles while operating transport aircraft. Flight Training: **High Altitude Operations, Stall and Upset**

**Prevention and Recovery** Learning Objective. Students should reinforce their und erstanding of low energy states, stalls, upset and high altitude aerodynamics through demonstration and experience based training.

### Develop and conduct stall recovery training and **provide stick pusher familiarization training for pilots of**  **stick -**  **pusher eq uipped aircraft.**  Recommendations :
 A
- 10
- 22

 A
- 10
- 23 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Aerodynamics**

**- Stall Prevention and Recovery**  Learning Objective. Students will understand the factors leading to a stall, indicatio ns of an impending stall, full stall identification, and proper stall recovery techniques. The student will know how and when to use these principles in flight operations of large transport aircraft for the prevention and recovery of stall events. Flight T raining: **High Altitude Operations, Stall and Upset Prevention and Recovery**  Learning Objective. Students should reinforce their understanding of low energy states, stalls, upset and high altitude aerodynamics through demonstration and experience b ased training. 

### Enhance training syllabi for operations in high **altitude .**  Recommendations:

 A
- 07
- 1
 A
- 07
- 2 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Aerodynamics**

**- High Altitude Operations.**  Learning Objective . Students will have a n understanding of aerodynamics, especially at altitudes near the maximum operating altitudes and at high operational weights. Students will also understand the narrow operating margins in these conditions and how to safely conduct flight operations in lar ge transport category airplanes with varying operating conditions. Flight Training: **High Altitude Operations, Stall and Upset**

**Prevention and Recovery** Learning Objective. Students should reinforce their understanding of low energy states, stalls, upset and high altitude aerodynamics through demonstration and experience based training.

### Review training for unusual and emergency **situations in transport -**  **category aircraft to make sure pilots are not trained to use the rudder in**  **ways that could result in dangerous situations**  **.** Recommendation:

 A
- 02
- 2 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Aerodynamics**

**- Stall Prevention and Recovery**  Learning Objective. Students will understand the factors leading to a stall, indications of an impending stall, full stall identification, and proper stall recovery techniques. The student will know how and when to use these principles in flight operations of large transport aircraft for the prevention and recovery of stall events.

**- Upset Prevention and Recovery**  Learning Objective. Students should understand the factors that may lead to airplane upset, learn proper airplane upset prevention and recovery techniques, and apply these principles while operating transport aircraft .

**- Transport Airplane Performance.**  Learning Objective. The student should have an understanding of the many considerations and requirements for transport airplane performance and how these elements are applied to air carrier flight operations. 3. Proper u se of rudder in a transport category airplane and discuss the limitations associated with its use to include airplane certification standards. Flight Training: **High Altitude Operations, Stall and Upset**

**Prevention and Recovery** Learning Objective. Students should reinforce their understanding of low energy states, stalls, upset and high altitude aerodynamics through demonstration and experience based training.

### Require procedures and guidance for airport **situational awareness**
. Recommendatio n:
 A
- 07
- 44 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Ground Operations**

Learning Objective. Students should gain an understanding of elements associated with operating at complex and high density airports with emphasis on runway incursion prevention t echniques. Flight Training: **Runway safety and adverse weather**

Learning Objective . Students should reinforce and apply their understanding of air carrier operations during the taxi, takeoff, and landing phases of flight including the effects of adverse wea ther on these operations. 

### Ensure that all carriers include criteria for **stabilized approach in their flight manuals and training programs**  **.** Recommendations:

 A
- 01
- 69
 A
- 08
- 18 **ATP Certification Training Program** Flight Training: **Runway safety and adverse we ather** 

Learning Objective . Students should reinforce and apply their understanding of air carrier operations during the taxi, takeoff, and landing phases of flight including the effects of adverse weather on these operations. • Achieve a stabilized approac h using energy management concepts

### Require operators to provide clear guidance to **pilots about landing performance calculations .**  Recommendations:

 A
- 07
- 59
 A
- 08
- 41 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Transport Airplane Performance**

Lea rning Objective. The student should have an understanding of the many considerations and requirements for transport airplane performance and how these elements are applied to air carrier flight operations. • Performance calculations required for landing. Flight Training: **Runway safety and adverse weather**

Learning Objective . Students should reinforce and apply their understanding of air carrier operations during the taxi, takeoff, and landing phases of flight including the effects of adverse weather on th ese operations.

 Landing technique and stopping distances on contaminated runways 

### Require Crew Resource Management training **.**
Recommend ation:

 A
- 03
- 52 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Crew Resource Management (CRM)**

Learning Objective. Studen ts should demonstrate knowledge of the basic principles of CRM and describe how to apply these principles to air carrier operations in a multicrew environment. Emphasis should be placed on effective intervention strategies for the pilot monitoring (PM). F light Training: **CRM**

Techniques for working as a crew to return the aircraft to normal flight and communicating airplane state between pilots, including CRM callouts to improve situational awareness should be integrated into FSTD training.

### Require opera **tors to verify that their pilot monitoring duties are consistent with AC 120**  **- 71A** 
. Recommendation:

 A
- 10
- 10 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Ground Operations**

Learning Objective. Students should gain an understanding of elements associated wi th operating at complex and high density airports with emphasis on runway incursion prevention techniques. • Professionalism during taxi operations, including sterile flight deck and standard operating procedures (SOP) 

### Require flight crewmember academic **training in leadership, professionalism, and first officer**  **assertiveness .**  Recommendation s:
 A
- 10
- 15
 A
- 11
- 39 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Leadership/Professional Development**

Learning Objective. Students should demonstrate an understandi ng of the professional responsibilities associated with being an airline transport pilot and describe how to apply leadership skills in the position of PIC. 

### Require training in icing conditions
.
Reco mmendations:

 A
- 07
- 14
 A
- 11
- 47 **ATP Certification Traini ng Program**  Academics: **Meteorology**

Learning Objective. Students should gain an understanding of adverse weather conditions, weather conditions encountered at high altitude, available weather resources, and understand how to apply these principles in thei r decisionmaking in air carrier o perations. Flight Training: **Runway safety and adverse weather**

Learning Objective. Students should reinforce and apply their understanding of air carrier operations during the taxi, takeoff, and landing phases of flight inc luding the effects of adverse weather on these operations. • Icing conditions in flight an d its effects on performance

### Req **uire hypoxia awareness training.** Recommendation :
 A
- 00
- 110 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Physiology/Fitness for Dut y** 

Learning Objective. Students should have an understanding of the effects of altitude on human physiology and crewmember responsibilities to remain fit for duty. 1. Hypoxia: signs, symptoms, and effects; times of useful c onsciousness. 

### Require tr **aining i n crosswinds with gusts.**  Recommendations :
 A
- 10
- 110
 A
- 10
- 111 **ATP Certification Training Program** Academics: **Meteorology**

Learning Objective. Students should gain an understanding of adverse weather conditions, weather conditions encountered at high altitu de, available weather resources, and understand how to apply these principles in their decisionmaking in air carrier operations. 8. Crosswind operating techniques and cautions and limitations. Flight Training: **Runway safety and adverse weather**

Learning Objective. Students should reinforce and apply their understanding of air carrier operations during the taxi, takeoff, and landing phases of flight including the effects of adverse weather on these operations. • Landing in crosswinds with and without gust s with emphasis on airplane performance limitations in crosswinds