[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 179 (Monday, September 16, 2024)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 75517-75524]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2024-21007]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R04-OAR-2024-0186; FRL-12250-01-R4]


Air Plan Approval; Mississippi; PSD and Air Quality Modeling 
Infrastructure Requirements for the 2015 8-Hour Ozone National Ambient 
Air Quality Standards

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to 
approve a State Implementation Plan (SIP) submission provided by the 
State of Mississippi, through the Mississippi Department of 
Environmental Quality (MDEQ), via a letter dated February 28, 2024. 
Specifically, EPA is proposing to approve updates to the incorporation 
by reference of Federal prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) 
rules in the Mississippi SIP. EPA is also proposing to convert the 
previous conditional approval of Mississippi's infrastructure SIP PSD 
and air quality modeling provisions for the 2015 Ozone National Ambient 
Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to a full approval. EPA is also proposing 
changes to public notice provisions for PSD permitting to provide for 
electronic notice (e-notice) and to remove the mandatory requirement to 
provide public notice in a newspaper, and other minor changes to the 
PSD rules. EPA is proposing to approve these changes pursuant to the 
Clean Air Act (CAA or Act).

DATES: Comments must be received on or before October 16, 2024.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R04-
OAR-2024-0186 at www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions 
for submitting comments. Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or 
removed from Regulations.gov. EPA may publish any comment received to 
its public docket. Do not submit electronically any information you 
consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia 
submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written 
comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and 
should include discussion of all points you wish to make. EPA will 
generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of 
the primary submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing 
system). For additional submission methods, the full EPA public comment 
policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general 
guidance on making effective comments, please visit https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Josue Ortiz Borrero, Air Regulatory 
Management Section, Air Planning and Implementation Branch, Air and 
Radiation Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 61 
Forsyth Street SW, Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960. The telephone number is 
(404) 562-8085. Mr. Ortiz Borrero can also be reached via electronic 
mail at <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#99f6ebedf0e3fbf6ebebfcebf6b7f3f6eaecfcd9fce9f8b7fef6ef"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="81eef3f5e8fbe3eef3f3e4f3eeafebeef2f4e4c1e4f1e0afe6eef7">[email protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Overview

    Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP submission seeks to revise the 
State's new source review (NSR) permitting regulations at 11 
Mississippi Administrative Code (MAC), Part 2, Chapter 2, Permit 
Regulations for the Construction and/or Operation of Air Emissions 
Equipment (Chapter 2) and PSD permitting regulations at 11 MAC, Part 2, 
Chapter 5, Regulations for the Prevention of Significant Deterioration 
of Air Quality (Chapter 5) to adopt relevant Federal permitting 
regulations into the SIP. The PSD permitting changes at Chapter 5, 
amend MDEQ's incorporate by reference (IBR) date of the Federal PSD 
regulations at 40 CFR 51.166(f) and 40 CFR 52.21 to December 27, 2023. 
Mississippi's December 27, 2023, IBR date adopts into the SIP at 
Chapter 5, changes to 40 CFR 52.21 that EPA promulgated in several 
rulemakings since the Mississippi's last IBR update of February 17, 
2016. The changes at Chapter 2 amend NSR general permitting 
requirements. EPA is also proposing to convert EPA's March 1, 2023, 
conditional approval of PSD and air quality modeling provisions at 
section 110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II) (prong 3), (J), and (K), for 
Mississippi's infrastructure SIP for the 2015 ozone NAAQS to a full 
approval based on the revisions to Chapter 2 and Chapter 5. Lastly, the 
February 28, 2024, SIP submission proposes to revise the SIP-approved 
PSD regulations at Chapter 5 to adopt public participation revisions 
consistent with EPA's October 5, 2016, rule ``Revisions to Public 
Notice Provisions in Clean Air Act Permitting Programs'' Final Rule.\1\
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    \1\ See 81 FR 71613. The February 28, 2024, SIP submission also 
updates 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 2 to address NSR requirements that 
will be addressed in a separate rulemaking.
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    EPA's proposed rule briefly summarizes the framework of the PSD 
permitting program, how the program is implemented in Mississippi, and 
what Federal changes MDEQ is requesting EPA to IBR into its SIP. EPA is 
proposing to approve Mississippi's February 28, 2024, PSD revisions to 
Chapters 2 and 5 because they are consistent with EPA's Federal PSD 
permitting regulations and the CAA. EPA summarizes the PSD rule 
revisions in sections II.B and II.C of this document. Please refer to 
the referenced Federal Register citations for additional detailed 
background on the Federal PSD regulations at 40 CFR 52.21.

II. Background

A. Mississippi's 2015 Ozone NAAQS Infrastructure SIP Submissions

    On October 1, 2015, EPA promulgated a revised primary and secondary 
NAAQS for ozone, revising the 8-hour ozone standards from 0.075 parts 
per million (ppm) to a new more protective level of 0.070 ppm. See 80 
FR 65292 (October 26, 2015). Pursuant to section 110(a)(1) of the CAA, 
States are required to submit SIP revisions meeting the applicable 
requirements of section 110(a)(2) within three years after promulgation 
of a new or revised NAAQS or within such shorter period as EPA may 
prescribe. Section 110(a)(2) requires States to address basic SIP

[[Page 75518]]

elements such as requirements for monitoring, basic program 
requirements, and legal authority that are designed to assure 
attainment and maintenance of the NAAQS. This particular type of SIP is 
commonly referred to as an ``infrastructure SIP'' or ``iSIP.'' States 
were required to submit such SIP revisions for the 2015 8-hour ozone 
NAAQS to EPA no later than October 1, 2018.\2\
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    \2\ In infrastructure SIP submissions, States generally certify 
evidence of compliance with sections 110(a)(1) and (2) of the CAA 
through a combination of State regulations and statutes, some of 
which have been incorporated into the SIP. In addition, certain 
federally approved, non-SIP regulations may also be appropriate for 
demonstrating compliance with sections 110(a)(1) and (2).
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    Mississippi submitted two SIP submissions on September 6, 2019, and 
January 25, 2021, to address their 110(a)(1) and (2) infrastructure 
obligations for the 2015 ozone standard.\3\ Through previous 
rulemakings, EPA approved most of the iSIP elements for the 2015 ozone 
NAAQS.\4\
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    \3\ Mississippi submitted their interstate transport SIP on 
September 6, 2019, to address the State's section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) 
prongs 1 and 2 interstate transport obligations respecting 
contribution to nonattainment or interference with maintenance, 
respectively, in other States. EPA took final action on this 
submission on February 13, 2023, (88 FR 9336). On January 25, 2021, 
Mississippi submitted a second SIP revision to EPA to address all 
required infrastructure elements except for the interstate transport 
provisions of section 110(a)(2)(D)(i)(I) prongs 1 and 2.
    \4\ See 87 FR 57832 (September 22, 2022), and 88 FR 9336 
(February 13, 2023).
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    On December 23, 2022, EPA proposed to conditionally approve \5\ 
changes to portions of Mississippi's 2015 8-hour ozone NAAQS iSIP 
contained in MDEQ's original January 25, 2021, infrastructure submittal 
as supplemented on November 18, 2022.<SUP>6 7</SUP> Specifically, EPA 
proposed conditional approval of the PSD elements of CAA section 
110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II) (prong 3) and (J), and the modeling 
requirements of section 110(a)(2)(K) because Mississippi's SIP-approved 
PSD regulations did not, at the time, reference the most updated 
version of EPA's Guideline of Air Quality Models, codified at 40 CFR 
part 51, Appendix W. On March 1, 2023, EPA finalized the conditional 
approval for the PSD infrastructure elements (i.e., section 
110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II) (prong 3) and (J)), and the air quality 
modeling element of section 110(a)(2)(K), portion of the January 25, 
2021, infrastructure SIP submission, as supplemented on November 18, 
2022.\8\
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    \5\ Under CAA section 110(k)(4), EPA may conditionally approve a 
SIP revision based on a commitment from a State to adopt specific 
enforceable measures by a date certain, but not later than one year 
from the date of approval. If the State fails to meet the commitment 
within one year of the final conditional approval, the conditional 
approval will be treated as a disapproval and EPA will issue a 
finding of disapproval.
    \6\ Air Plan Approval; Mississippi; PSD and Air Quality Modeling 
Infrastructure Requirements for the 2015 8-Hour Ozone National 
Ambient Air Quality Standards, 87 FR 78896 (December 23, 2022).
    \7\ Mississippi supplemented its January 25, 2021, 
infrastructure SIP with a November 18, 2022, commitment letter to 
EPA to update outdated references to the Federal guideline on air 
quality modeling found in Appendix W of 40 CFR part 51. See Docket 
ID EPA-R04-OAR-2024-0186 for a copy of the commitment letter.
    \8\ Air Plan Approval; Mississippi; PSD and Air Quality Modeling 
Infrastructure Requirements for the 2015 8-Hour Ozone National 
Ambient Air Quality Standards, 88 FR 12833 (March 1, 2023).
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    The March 1, 2023, conditional approval of the PSD and air quality 
modeling iSIP provisions established a requirement for Mississippi to 
submit a final SIP submission that addresses the terms of the 
conditional approval commitment one year after EPA's conditional 
approval of these portions of Mississippi's ozone iSIP or March 1, 
2024. Accordingly, on February 28, 2024, Mississippi submitted a final 
SIP revision in response to the conditional approval commitment to 
address the outdated references to the Federal guideline on air quality 
modeling, by revising Chapter 2 and Chapter 5 to require the use of the 
current version of 40 CFR part 51, Appendix W (Guideline on Air Quality 
Models).

B. PSD Public Participation Revisions and Increment Consumption IBR 
Update

    Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP submission proposes to revise 
the SIP-approved PSD regulations at Chapter 5 to adopt public 
participation revisions consistent with EPA's October 5, 2016, rule 
``Revisions to Public Notice Provisions in Clean Air Act Permitting 
Programs.'' \9\ This 2016 rule revised EPA's public notice provisions 
for the NSR, Title V, and Outer Continental Shelf permitting programs 
of the CAA to remove the mandatory requirement to provide public notice 
of permitting actions through publication in a newspaper and allow for 
electronic notice (e-notice) as an option for permitting authorities. 
Permitting authorities are not required to adopt e-notice, and nothing 
in the revised Federal rules prevents a permitting authority with an 
EPA-approved permitting program from continuing to use newspaper 
notification and/or from supplementing e-notice with newspaper 
notification and/or additional means of notification. For the noticing 
of draft permits issued by permitting authorities with EPA-approved 
programs, the rule requires the permitting authority to use ``a 
consistent noticing method'' for all permit notices under the specific 
permitting program. When e-notice is provided, EPA's rule requires 
electronic access (e-access) to the draft permit for the duration of 
the public comment period which would enable permitting authorities to 
communicate permitting and other affected actions to the public more 
quickly and efficiently and provide cost savings over newspaper 
publication. A full description of the e-notice and e-access provisions 
is contained in EPA's October 18, 2016, rulemaking notice. See 81 FR 
71613. The 2024 submission revises the public participation provisions 
by deleting an incorporated reference to the public notice provisions 
at 40 CFR 51.166(q) in Rule 5.4 and adding public participation 
requirements to new Rule 5.7. Rule 5.4 is also revised to include an 
IBR date of December 23, 2024, for 40 CFR 51.166(f)--Exclusions from 
Increment Consumption, which does not substantively change these 
incorporated provisions.
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    \9\ See 81 FR 71613.
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C. Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP Submission Chapter 5 PSD 
Incorporate by Reference Update for 40 CFR 52.21

    Mississippi's 2024 SIP submission proposes updates to the IBR of 
the 40 CFR 52.21 Federal PSD permitting rules in the Mississippi SIP at 
Chapter 5 from February 17, 2016, to December 27, 2023. Mississippi's 
Rule 5.2 IBR date revision incorporates the following Federal PSD 
regulation amendments at 40 CFR 52.21 that EPA promulgated from 2016 
through 2021: \10\ ``Source Determination for Certain Emission Units in 
the Oil and Natural Gas Sector'' 81 FR 35622 (June 3, 2016); 
``Rescission of Preconstruction Permits Issued under the Clean Air 
Act'' 81 FR 78043 (November 7, 2016); ``Revisions to the Guideline on 
Air Quality Models: Enhancements to the AERMOD Dispersion Modeling 
System and Incorporation of Approaches to Address Ozone and Fine 
Particulate Matter'' 82 FR 5182 (January 17, 2017); ``Prevention of 
Significant Deterioration (PSD) and Nonattainment New Source Review 
(NNSR): Project Emissions Accounting'' 85 FR 74890 (November 24, 2020); 
and ``New Source Review Errors Correction'' 86 FR 37918 (July 19, 
2021). EPA summarizes these PSD rule revisions below. Please refer to 
the referenced Federal Register citations for additional

[[Page 75519]]

detailed background on the Federal PSD regulations at 40 CFR 52.21.
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    \10\ See Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP revision in the 
docket for this rulemaking (Docket ID: EPA-R04-OAR-2024-0186).
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i. Oil and Natural Gas Source Determinations PSD Revisions
    On June 3, 2016, EPA finalized the rule entitled ``Source 
Determination for Certain Emission Units in the Oil and Natural Gas 
Sector'' \11\ to clarify the agency's air permitting rules as they 
apply to the oil and natural gas industry. The final rule clarifies 
when oil and gas equipment and activities must be deemed a single 
source when determining whether major source permitting programs apply, 
including PSD and Nonattainment New Source Review preconstruction 
permitting programs, and the Title V Operating permits program. By 
defining the term ``adjacent,'' the rule specifies that equipment and 
activities in the oil and gas sector that are under common control will 
be considered part of the same source if they are located near each 
other--specifically if they are located on the same site or on sites 
that share equipment and are within \1/4\ mile of each other. EPA 
previously addressed this definition through policy interpretation and 
guidance. The final rule applies to equipment and activities used for 
onshore oil and natural gas production, and for natural gas processing. 
It does not apply to offshore operations. The meaning of adjacency for 
onshore activities is addressed in the definition of ``building, 
structure, facility, or installation'' found in 40 CFR 52.21(b)(6) and 
incorporated into 11 Miss. Admin. Code Pt. 2, Ch. 5 via the revised IBR 
date of December 27, 2023.
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    \11\ See 81 FR 35622.
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ii. PSD Permit Rescission Revisions
    On November 7, 2016, EPA finalized amendments to the Federal PSD 
rules at 40 CFR 52.21(w) to remove a date restriction that limited the 
use of the permit rescission provision, a provision that allows a PSD 
permit to be cancelled, and clarified implementing provisions.\12\ 
Before this revision, only permits based on rules issued on or before 
July 30, 1987, and any PSD greenhouse gas permits issued as part of 
Step 2 of the Tailoring Rule could be rescinded. Removal of the date 
restriction allows for the rescission of PSD permits that are no longer 
needed issued by EPA, delegated permitting authorities, or by a 
permitting authority with SIP-approved NSR program that incorporates 40 
CFR 52.21(w). This regulatory revision is incorporated into 11 MAC, 
Part 2, Chapter 5.2 via the revised IBR date of December 27, 2023.
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    \12\ See, ``Rescission of Preconstruction Permits Issued under 
the Clean Air Act,'' 81 FR 78043 (November 7, 2016).
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iii. Revisions to the Guideline on Air Quality Models Appendix W
    On December 20, 2016, EPA finalized several additions and changes 
to its Guideline on Air Quality Models (Guideline), located at 40 CFR 
part 51, Appendix W.\13\ The Guideline is used by EPA, States, Tribes, 
and industry to prepare and review permits for new sources of air 
pollution.\14\ State and Tribal air agencies also use the Guideline to 
revise their plans detailing strategies for reducing emissions and 
improving air quality in State or Tribal Implementation Plans. EPA's 
PSD regulations at 40 CFR 52.21(l) require estimates of ambient 
concentrations required for PSD to be based on the Guideline, and 40 
CFR 51.166(l) requires SIP PSD programs to require that modeling be 
conducted in accordance with the Guideline.\15\ Therefore, modeling 
under PSD is required to use the December 20, 2016, version of the 
Guideline.
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    \13\ See ``Revisions to the Guideline on Air Quality Models: 
Enhancements to the AERMOD Dispersion Modeling System and 
Incorporation of Approaches to Address Ozone and Fine Particulate 
Matter,'' 82 FR 5182 (January 17, 2017).
    \14\ Appendix W provides EPA's preferred models and other 
recommended techniques, as well as guidance for their use in 
estimating ambient concentrations of air pollutants.
    \15\ 40 CFR 51.166 sets forth the requirements for State PSD 
programs in SIPs, and 40 CFR 52.21 implements PSD requirements for 
PSD programs administered by EPA and States with delegated 
authority.
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    This regulatory change is incorporated into 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 
5.2 via the revised IBR date of December 27, 2023.
    For iSIP elements C and J to be approved for PSD, a SIP must 
include a PSD program that meets current Federal requirements. Element 
D(i)(II) (prong 3) is also approvable when a State's implementation 
plan contains a fully approved and up-to-date PSD program. EPA's 
regulations at 40 CFR 51.166(l) require SIP PSD provisions to require 
that modeling be conducted in accordance the Guideline. It is 
incorporated into EPA's regulations, satisfying a requirement under the 
CAA for the EPA to specify with reasonable particularity models to be 
used in the PSD program. EPA promulgated the most current version of 
the Guideline on January 17, 2017.\16\ Therefore, in order to approve 
the iSIP PSD elements (i.e., section 110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II) (prong 3) 
and (J)), and the air quality modeling element of section 
110(a)(2)(K),\17\ PSD regulations in SIPs are required to reference the 
most current version of the Guideline.
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    \16\ See 82 FR 5182.
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iv. Project Emissions Accounting Rule
    On November 24, 2020, EPA finalized revisions to the PSD 
applicability regulations concerning the determination of whether a 
modification at an existing stationary source constitutes a major 
modification, as defined in 40 CFR 52.21.\18\ EPA added an explanation 
of ``sum of the differences'' in 40 CFR 52.21(a)(2)(iv)(g) to clarify 
that this phrase includes both increases and decreases in emissions 
calculated for a project. EPA also stated in the preamble to this rule 
that the decreases considered in Step 1 do not have to be enforceable, 
though to be evaluated as contemporaneous decreases in Step 2 for 
future projects, the decreases must be enforceable per 40 CFR 
52.21(b)(3)(vi)(b). The regulatory change to 40 CFR 52.21 promulgated 
in the Project Emissions Accounting is incorporated into 11 MAC Part 2 
Chapter 5, Rule 5.2 via the revised IBR date of December 27, 2023.
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    \18\ See ``Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) and 
Nonattainment New Source Review,'' 85 FR 74890 (November 24, 2020).
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v. NSR Error Corrections Rule
    On June 22, 2021, EPA finalized an NSR Error Corrections Rule to 
correct non-substantive errors and make conforming changes to address 
the 1990 CAA Amendments in the NSR rules.\19\ The final rule corrects 
inadvertent typographical and spelling errors, removes court vacated 
rule language, removes or updates outdated or incorrect cross 
references, and conforms certain provisions to changes contained in the 
1990 CAA Amendments. The NSR regulations in 40 CFR parts 51 and 52 have 
undergone restructuring and revisions over the years, and a number of 
inadvertent errors have accumulated during that time. The regulatory 
revision to 40 CFR 52.21 promulgated in the NSR Error Corrections Rule 
addressing these corrections is incorporated into 11 MAC Part 2 Chapter 
5, Rule 5.2 via the revised IBR date of December 27, 2023.
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    \19\ See ``New Source Review Errors Correction,'' 86 FR 37918 
(July 19, 2021).
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III. EPA's Approach to the Review of Infrastructure SIP Submissions

    As discussed above, whenever EPA promulgates a new or revised 
NAAQS, CAA section 110(a)(1) requires States to submit infrastructure 
SIPs that meet the various requirements of CAA section 110(a)(2), as 
applicable. Due to ambiguity in some of the language of CAA section 
110(a)(2), EPA believes

[[Page 75520]]

that it is appropriate to interpret these provisions in the specific 
context of acting on infrastructure SIP submissions. EPA has previously 
provided comprehensive guidance on the application of these provisions 
through a guidance document for iSIP submissions and through regional 
actions on infrastructure submissions.\20\
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    \20\ EPA explains and elaborates on these ambiguities and its 
approach to address them in its 2013 Guidance (available at https://www3.epa.gov/airquality/urbanair/sipstatus/docs/Guidance_on_Infrastructure_SIP_Elements_Multipollutant_FINAL_Sept_2013.pdf), as well as in numerous agency actions including EPA's prior 
actions on Mississippi infrastructure SIPs such as the action to 
address the 2012 PM<INF>2.5</INF> NAAQS. See 81 FR 36848 (June 8, 
2016).
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    Unless otherwise noted below, EPA is following that existing 
approach in acting on this submission. In addition, in the context of 
acting on such infrastructure submissions, EPA evaluates the submitting 
State's implementation plan for facial compliance with statutory and 
regulatory requirements, not for the State's implementation of its 
SIP.\21\ EPA has other authority to address any issues concerning a 
State's implementation of the rules, regulations, consent orders, etc. 
that comprise its SIP.
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    \21\ See Mont. Envtl. Info. Ctr. v. Thomas, 902 F.3d 971 (9th 
Cir. 2018).
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IV. EPA's Analysis of Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP Revision

    On February 28, 2024, Mississippi submitted a SIP revision to 
update references to 40 CFR part 51, Appendix W, and address the PSD 
and modeling iSIP requirements for the 2015 8-hour ozone NAAQS.\22\ The 
SIP revision also amends Mississippi's SIP-approved PSD rules at 11 
MAC, Part 2 Chapter 5 to adopt public participation e-notice provisions 
and other changes to the PSD rules based on an updated IBR date of 
Federal PSD regulations at 11 MAC, Part 2 Chapter 5 from February 17, 
2016, to December 27, 2023 for 40 CFR 52.21, as well as including the 
IBR date of December 27, 2023, for increment consumption exclusions 
under 40 CFR 51.166(f). The modeling updates at Chapter 2 and 5 
respecting references to Appendix W in 40 CFR 52.21(l) support the 
State's request to convert EPA's March 1, 2023, conditional approval of 
the PSD requirements of elements 110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II) (Prong 3), 
and (J), and the air quality modeling element under section 
110(a)(2)(K), of Mississippi's 2015 8-hour ozone NAAQS infrastructure 
SIP to a full approval. Lastly, the SIP revision makes minor updates to 
Mississippi's PSD regulations at Chapter 2 and Chapter 5.
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    \22\ The February 28, 2024, submittal contains changes to other 
SIP-approved rules that are not addressed in this notice. EPA will 
act on those rules in a separate rulemaking.
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A. Changes to 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 2

    The SIP-approved version of 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 2, Rule 2.5B, 
Modeling, provides at subparagraph 2.5B(1) that all estimates of 
ambient concentrations of air pollutants shall be based on the 
requirements specified in the ``Guideline on Air Quality Modeling, 
(Revised)'' 40 CFR part 51, Appendix W, which are incorporated herein 
and adopted by reference. Rule 2.5B(1), is being revised to refer to 
the version of Appendix W approved in 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 5. As 
further explained in section IV.B(ii) of this document, the 
incorporation of 40 CFR 52.21 is updated via the revised IBR date to 
include the most recent version of the Appendix W guidelines, which 
will ensure its use to estimate ambient concentrations of air 
pollutants in Mississippi. Additionally, subparagraph 2.5B(2), is being 
revised to delete the word ``Revised'' from the first sentence of 
subparagraph 2. The February 28, 2024, SIP submission provides 
additional changes to 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 2 to address NSR 
requirements, which will be addressed in a separate rulemaking.

B. Changes to 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 5

    Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP submission, seeks to revise 
the State's SIP-approved PSD permitting regulations at 11 MAC, Part 2, 
Chapter 5. The revision updates the IBR date for 40 CFR 52.21 in the 
Mississippi SIP at Chapter 5 from February 17, 2016, to December 27, 
2023, at Rule 5.2. This IBR date change adopts PSD rule revisions EPA 
promulgated since the State's last IBR update to Rule 5.2 and includes 
Revisions to the Guideline on Air Quality Models which includes the 
reference to Appendix W in 40 CFR 52.21(l), project emissions 
accounting, PSD regulatory corrections, oil and gas source 
determinations, and preconstruction permit rescissions. The SIP 
revision also makes administrative changes to Chapter 5 including 
adding a Chapter table of contents, revising the State regulatory 
citations to ensure they are referenced consistently throughout the 
rule,\23\ and correcting grammatical errors. Mississippi's February 28, 
2024, SIP revision, also includes minor edits to the citation format of 
40 CFR 52.21 at Rule 5.3, Definition of term ``Administrator'' and Rule 
5.6, Applicability. Mississippi's SIP revision does not make any 
regulatory or typographical changes at Rule 5.5--Transmittal of Permit 
Applications to EPA Administrator. EPA's analysis below discusses the 
specific changes to Chapter 5 that EPA is proposing to approve.
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    \23\ For example, the first appearance of a State regulation is 
cited in its entirety followed by the citation approved by the 
Mississippi Administrative Procedures Act for use in the Mississippi 
Administrative Code (e.g., ``Permit Regulations for the Construction 
and/or Operation of Air Emissions Equipment,'' 11 Miss. Admin. Code 
Pt. 2, Ch. 2.). In the remainder of the regulation, citations are 
the abbreviated version (e.g., 11 Miss. Admin. Code Pt. 2, R. 2.4.).
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i. Chapter 5, Rule 5.1, Purpose of This Regulation
    Rule 5.1 of Chapter 5 describes the purpose of Mississippi's 
Chapter 5 PSD regulations, which is to implement a PSD permitting 
program in the State as required by Federal regulations at 40 CFR 
51.166 and acknowledges that the current regulation replaces any 
previously approved changes to the Chapter. The February 28, 2024, SIP 
submission changes the regulation by removing the citations to 40 CFR 
51.166 and 52.21 because the Federal PSD requirements at 40 CFR 52.21 
and 51.166(f) are now addressed in 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 5, Rule 5.2, 
Adoption of Federal Rules by Reference and Rule 5.4, Adoption of 
Federal Rules for Exclusions from Increment Consumption, respectively. 
The change adds a reference to 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 5 and clarifies 
that the newly revised regulation replaces and supersedes previously 
adopted versions. This includes removing the references to the date of 
last amendment and promulgation of 40 CFR 51.166 and 52.21 since the 
IBR dates are more appropriately addressed in Rules 5.2 and 5.4. 
Lastly, the change corrects a misspelling of the word ``supersedes,'' 
and makes minor formatting changes. EPA proposes to approve 
Mississippi's February 28, 2024, amendments at Chapter 5, Rule 5.1 
because they streamline the description of the purpose of the State's 
PSD permitting regulations at Chapter 5 and are consistent with Federal 
PSD regulations.
ii. Chapter 5, Rule 5.2, Adoption of Federal Rules by Reference
    Mississippi's SIP revision proposes changes to 11 MAC, Part 2, 
Chapter 5, Regulations for the Prevention of Significant Deterioration, 
at Rule 5.2, Adoption of Federal Rules by Reference, by updating the 
incorporation by reference date for 40 CFR 52.21 from February 17, 
2016, to December 27, 2023, with the exception of exclusions

[[Page 75521]]

listed in Rule 5.2.\24\ The IBR date change has the effect of 
incorporating PSD-related rule revisions EPA has promulgated since 
February 17, 2016, through December 27, 2023, discussed in section II.C 
of this document, which ensures that the most recent version of 
Appendix W will be used when considering air quality modeling for PSD 
purposes in Mississippi. Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP revision 
also revises 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 2, Rule 2.5(B) to reference the 
version of Appendix W approved in Chapter 5 (see section IV.A 
discussion above). Thus, by cross-referencing 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 5 
for purposes of modeling ambient concentrations of air pollutants in 11 
MAC, Part 2, Chapter 2, Rule 2.5(B), the State's regulation ensures 
that any required modeling of ambient air quality will use the most 
recent guidelines at Appendix W. EPA proposes to approve Mississippi's 
February 28, 2024, amendments at Chapter 5, Rule 5.2 respecting the 
update to the current version of Appendix W. Specifically, 
Mississippi's proposed changes to Chapter 2, Rule 2.5(B) (see section 
IV.A of this document) and Chapter 5, Rule 5.2 will have the combined 
effect of incorporating the latest version of Appendix W, and, if 
finalized, will satisfy the requirements of the PSD and modeling 
elements for the 2015 8-hour ozone infrastructure SIP. Thus, EPA is 
proposing to find that Mississippi has satisfied the requirements of 
the PSD and modeling elements of section 110(a)(2)(C), (D)(i)(II) 
(prong 3), (J), and (K) for the 2015 8-hour ozone NAAQS infrastructure 
SIP and met the commitment associated with the March 1, 2023, 
conditional approval discussed in section II.A of this document and 
proposing to convert the conditional approval of these elements of 
Mississippi's January 25, 2021, infrastructure SIP submission to a full 
approval.
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    \24\ The version of Rule 5.2 in the SIP does not incorporate by 
reference the provisions at 52.21(b)(2)(v) and (b)(3)(iii)(c) that 
were stayed indefinitely by the Fugitive Emissions Interim Rule (76 
FR 17548 (March 30, 2011)). If EPA finalizes this action as 
proposed, it will retain the text in the explanation column for Rule 
5.2 at 40 CFR 52.1270(c).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Mississippi's IBR update also incorporates the 40 CFR 52.21(b)(6) 
Federal PSD updates promulgated in the May 12, 2016, Oil and Natural 
Gas Source Determinations Rule, which clarifies the meaning of the term 
``adjacent'' for purposes of evaluating whether onshore activities 
belonging to SIC major group 13 (Oil and Gas Extraction) are considered 
contiguous and adjacent with respect to determining the extent of the 
stationary source (see section II.C.i of this document). MDEQ's 
February 28, 2024, SIP submission formally adopts EPA's regulations 
regarding evaluating onshore oil and natural gas activities for 
adjacency. The meaning of ``adjacency'' for onshore activities is 
addressed in the definition of ``building, structure, facility, or 
installation'' term found in 40 CFR 52.21(b)(6) and clarifies PSD 
applicability for the onshore oil and natural gas industry. This 
revision is adopted by reference into Mississippi's PSD regulations at 
11 MAC Part 2, Chapter. 5, Rule 5.2 through the IBR update. EPA 
proposes to approve Mississippi's revision at Chapter 5, Rule 5.2 
regarding the regulatory changes at 40 CFR 52.21(b)(6) promulgated in 
the Oil and Natural Gas Source Determinations Rule because it is 
consistent with the Federal PSD permitting regulations.
    Mississippi's IBR update also incorporates PSD permitting changes 
at 40 CFR 52.21(a)(2)(iv) promulgated in EPA's November 24, 2020, 
Project Emissions Accounting Rule, regarding the PSD applicability for 
determining whether a modification at an existing stationary source 
constitutes a major modification, as defined in 40 CFR 52.21. This 
regulatory revision was consistent with EPA's interpretation of its 
pre-PEA regulations, as articulated in EPA guidance issued in the March 
13, 2018, EPA memorandum from E. Scott Pruitt to the Regional 
Administrators titled Project Emissions Accounting Under the New Source 
Review Preconstruction Permitting Program.\25\ Project emissions 
accounting allows both increases and decreases resulting from a project 
to be considered in ``Step 1'' of the PSD applicability process. 
Specifically, the Project Emissions Accounting Rule finalized 
clarifications to the Step 1 provisions of the major modification 
applicability test of the PSD rule at 40 CFR 52.21(a)(2)(iv) that 
includes changes to 52.21(a)(2)(iv)(f), 40 CFR 52.21(a)(2)(iv)(c), 40 
CFR 52.21(a)(2)(iv)(d) as discussed in section II.C.iv of this 
document. See 85 FR 74890. These changes apply to projects that involve 
multiple types of emissions units and provide that both emission 
increases and decreases can be considered in Step 1 of the NSR major 
modification applicability test in the same manner as they are 
considered for projects that only involve existing emissions units or 
only involve new emissions units. These requirements apply when there 
is a ``reasonable possibility'' that the project could still result in 
a significant emissions increase. Lastly, EPA did not make the 
regulatory changes in the November 24, 2020, final rule mandatory for 
adoption by State and local air agencies with approved major NSR 
programs, but Mississippi elected to adopt these changes through the 
revised IBR date of December 27, 2023. EPA proposes to approve into the 
Mississippi SIP amendments to 40 CFR 52.21(a)(2)(iv) promulgated in the 
Project Emissions Accounting Rule because these updates are consistent 
with the Federal PSD permitting regulations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \25\ MDEQ has previously approved the use of the 2018 EPA Memo 
in various projects at existing major stationary sources. For 
example, project emissions accounting was used to account for 
decreases due to the permanent shutdown and subsequent replacement 
of a dryer at the Tronox LLC, Hamilton Facility [Agency Interest No. 
8587; Air Permit No. 1840-00035]. An air construction permit was 
issued on March 31, 2020, which addressed this replacement. As a 
result of including decreases from the removed dryer in Step 1 of 
the PSD analysis, the evaluation of contemporaneous increases and 
decreases was not required because the Step 1 changes were below the 
significant emissions rates specified in the PSD regulations. This 
proposed action is not soliciting comments on previous issued final 
PSD permits.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Mississippi's IBR update also incorporates PSD revisions 
promulgated in EPA's July 19, 2021, New Source Review Errors Correction 
Rule as discussed above in section II.C.v which corrects minor, 
inadvertent, and non-substantive errors in 40 CFR parts 51 and 52 that 
govern NSR permitting programs and updates to regulatory text. 
Specifically, EPA's rule corrects inadvertent typographical and 
spelling errors, removes court vacated rule language, removes or 
updates outdated or incorrect cross references, and conforms certain 
provisions to changes contained in the 1990 CAA Amendments. Due to the 
voluminous number of corrections promulgated in EPA's July 19, 2021, 
please refer to the ``Reference Table of New Source Review Error 
Corrections--Final Rule'' compilation of finalized changes at 40 CFR 
52.21 in the Docket for this proposal action.\26\ EPA proposes to 
approve into the Mississippi SIP amendments to 40 CFR 52.21 promulgated 
in the New Source Errors Correction Rule because these updates are 
minor updates and corrections and are consistent with the Federal PSD 
permitting regulations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \26\ See ``Reference Table of New Source Review Error 
Corrections--Final Rule,'' Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OAR-2019-0435-0019, for 
40 CFR 52.21 (http://www.regulations.gov/document/EPA-HQ-OAR-2019-0345-0019).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Mississippi's IBR update also incorporates changes to 40 CFR 52.21 
promulgated in the Permit Rescission Rule finalized November 7, 2016, 
which

[[Page 75522]]

removes a date restriction that limited the use of the permit 
rescission provision (i.e., a provision that allows a PSD permit to be 
cancelled). Specifically, the changes to 40 CFR 52.21 include: (1) 
revising 40 CFR 52.21(w)(2) to remove the July 30, 1987, date 
restriction; (2) revising 40 CFR 52.21(w)(3) to change the word 
``shall''' to ``may'' to make clear that this provision does not create 
a mandatory duty on the Administrator to grant a rescission request; 
\27\ and (3) revising 40 CFR 52.21(w)(1) to appropriately cross 
reference paragraph (r) and not paragraph (s) of EPA's PSD 
regulations.\28\ This change allows for the rescission of PSD permits 
in accordance with the PSD criteria for permit rescission without the 
date restriction for PSD permits issued by EPA, delegated permitting 
authorities, or by a permitting authority with a SIP-approved NSR 
program that incorporates 40 CFR 52.21(w). EPA proposes to approve into 
the Mississippi SIP amendments to 40 CFR 52.21 promulgated in the 
Permit Rescission Rule because these updates are consistent with the 
Federal PSD permitting regulations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \27\ Specifically, EPA proposed to replace the word ``shall'' 
with the word ``may'' in this provision to make clear that the 
Administrator may deny a permit rescission request if he or she does 
not concur with the analysis by the permit applicant that 40 CFR 
52.21 ``would not apply to the source or modification.'' See 81 FR 
78043.
    \28\ Before the Permit Rescission Rule was finalized in 2016, 
only permits based on rules issued on or before July 30, 1987, and 
any PSD greenhouse gas permits issued as part of Step 2 of the 
Tailoring Rule could be rescinded. Removal of the date restriction 
allows for the rescission of EPA-issued or delegated permitting 
authorities-issued PSD permits that are no longer needed and 
clarifies the implementing provisions. See FACT SHEET Rescission of 
Preconstruction Permits Issued Under the Clean Air Act (https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2017-10/documents/permitrescissionfactsheet.pdf).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Lastly, Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP revision makes 
administrative amendments to Rule 5.2 including removing the term 
``phrases'' that are not incorporated, since the phrases are simply the 
section headers and not specific phrases used throughout the 
regulations. EPA is proposing to approve Mississippi's IBR update at 
Chapter 5, Rule 5.2 adopting the version of 40 CFR 52.21 PSD permitting 
regulations in the Mississippi SIP as of December 27, 2023 (with the 
exception of exclusions established at Rule 5.2) \29\ for the reasons 
discussed above in section IV.B.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \29\ The SIP revision does not propose any changes to these 
exclusions.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

iii. Chapter 5, Rule 5.4, Adoption of Federal Rules for Exclusions From 
Increment Consumption
    Rule 5.4, Adoption of Federal Rules for Exclusions from Increment 
Consumption, adopts by reference 40 CFR 51.166(f) (Exclusions from 
increment consumption) excluding the phrase ``The plan may provide 
that'' and with certain changes listed in Rule 5.4. The February 28, 
2024, SIP revision incorporates into the Mississippi the version of 40 
CFR 51.166(f) promulgated as of December 27, 2023. No amendments were 
promulgated for 40 CFR 51.166(f) from the previous incorporation date 
of February 17, 2017, to the proposed December 27, 2023, IBR date. Rule 
5.4 is also amended to remove the adoption by reference of the public 
participation requirements in 40 CFR 51.166(q) because the State is 
adopting public participation provisions in Rule 5.7. Additionally, 
Rule 5.4 adds a clarification for when the term ``Administrator,'' in 
the adopted text at 40 CFR 51.166(f), should mean the Mississippi 
Environmental Quality Permit Board and when the term should continue to 
refer to the EPA Administrator. Prior to the changes provided in the 
February 28, 2024, SIP submission, the term continued to refer to the 
EPA Administrator at 40 CFR 51.166 (f)(1)(v), (f)(4), and (q)(2)(iv) 
only; however, the current changes remove (q)(2)(iv) from inclusion at 
Rule 5.4 since the adoption of 40 CFR 51.166(q) was removed from Rule 
5.4. Additionally, Rule 5.4 C, D, and E, which define other phrases in 
51.166(q)(l) and (q)(2), including, ``specified time period,'' 
``reviewing authority,'' and ``one year'' have also been removed 
because the phrases are simply the section headers and not specific 
phrases used throughout the regulations. EPA is proposing to approve 
Mississippi's February 28, 2024, amendments to 11 MAC Part 2, Chapter. 
5, Rule 5.4 because they are consistent with EPA's PSD permitting 
regulations.
iv. Chapter 5, Rule 5.7, Public Participation
    Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP revision adds new Rule 5.7, 
Public Participation, to 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 5. MDEQ had previously 
incorporated by reference the public participation requirements of 40 
CFR 51.166(q) in Rule 5.4. However, Mississippi removed the IBR of 40 
CFR 51.166(q) public participation regulations from Rule 5.4 as part 
the February 28, 2024, SIP submission (see section IV.B.iii of this 
document) and instead set out the public participation regulations as a 
new Rule 5.7. The new Rule 5.7 adds provisions established in EPA's 
October 5, 2016, Public Participation Rule, which removed the mandatory 
requirement to provide public notice of a draft permit through 
publication in a newspaper and, instead, allow for electronic notice 
(e-notice) of permitting actions via a public website identified by the 
reviewing authority.\30\ Thus, Mississippi's new Rule 5.7 meets the PSD 
permitting public participation requirements at 40 CFR 51.166(q), 
including the allowance for e-notice of draft PSD permitting actions 
via a public website to streamline the notification process for draft 
permits and establish greater transparency and public engagement for 
the regulated community and general public in Mississippi.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \30\ The selected notification method (i.e., either newspaper or 
website) is known as the ``consistent noticing method'' and must be 
used for all permits subject to notice under the NSR or Title V 
permit programs. EPA leaves discretion to the reviewing authority 
(i.e., MDEQ) to supplement the consistent noticing method with other 
methods. If using the public website as the consistent noticing 
method, the reviewing authority must also provide an electronic copy 
of the draft permit for review, in addition to the notice itself, 
and provide instructions regarding how to access the administrative 
record for the draft permit and request and/or attend a public 
hearing. This information must be made available on the public 
website for the duration of the public comment period.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Rule 5.7 requires e-notice on the MDEQ website, replacing the 
previous requirement for newspaper publication. This change aligns with 
the Federal regulations specified in 40 CFR 51.166(q), which permit 
electronic notification as an acceptable alternative to newspaper 
publication. EPA's 2016 Public Participation Rule amended a portion of 
the PSD Federal regulations at 51.166(q)(2)(ii), (iii), (vi), and 
(viii) to implement the shift from mandatory newspaper noticing to e-
notice for PSD permits. Mississippi's Rule 5.7 meets the public 
participation requirements from 40 CFR 51.166(q) in their entirety 
which includes the e-notice amendments promulgated in the Public 
Participation Rule. Specifically, Rule 5.7 establishes subparagraphs 
(A) and (B) which are equivalent to the public participation 
regulations at 40 CFR 51.166(q)(1) and (2)(i) through (viii) (i.e., 
Federal public participation regulations that were previously 
incorporated by reference at Rule 5.4). Additionally, Rules 5.7(B)1, 
(B)2, (B)3, (B)6, and (B)8 also include those changes at 40 CFR 
51.166(q)2(ii), (iii), (vi), and (viii) that were promulgated in EPA's 
2016 Public Participation Rule respecting (i.e., removal of the 
mandatory requirement

[[Page 75523]]

to provide public notice of a draft permit (and certain other program 
actions) through publication in a newspaper and to instead allow for 
electronic noticing (``e-notice''). Rules 5.7(A), 5.7(B)4, (B)5, and 
(B)7 set out the equivalent 40 CFR 51.166(q)(2)(i), (iv), (v), and 
(vii) public participation regulations that were previously IBR at Rule 
5.4 but were not amended in EPA's Public Participation Rule. Below 
provides a description of the public participation requirements in Rule 
5.7:
    <bullet> Rule 5.7(A) sets out the requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(1) and identifies MDEQ (``the Department'') as the reviewing 
authority. The rule requires Mississippi to inform applicants of the 
completeness of their application within a 30-day timeframe indicating 
either its completeness or any deficiencies. The rule also provides 
that, in case of deficiencies, the application's receipt date shall be 
deemed as the day when all requisite information was received by the 
Department. Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP revision simply moves 
the previously incorporated version of 40 CFR 51.166(q)(1) in Rule 5.4 
to Rule 5.7(A).
    <bullet> Rule 5.7(B) sets out the requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(2) to review and process complete applications within 150 
days of receiving a complete permit application.
    [cir] Rule 5.7(B)1 sets out the requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(2)(i) that the Department shall make a preliminary 
determination whether construction should be approved, approved with 
conditions, or disapproved.
    [cir] Rule 5.7(B)2 sets out the requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(2)(ii) to make available in at least one location in each 
region in which the proposed source would be constructed, a copy of 
related permit materials such as the application and summary 
documentation used to make preliminary determinations and allows the 
option to provide said materials on the Department's website in lieu of 
a physical location.
    [cir] Rule 5.7(B)3 sets out requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(2)(iii) and establishes the Department's website as the 
consistent noticing method rather than a newspaper of general 
circulation. The public notice, draft permit, and information on 
accessing the administrative record and requesting and/or attending a 
public hearing, which is contained in the public notice document, will 
be available on the MDEQ website for the duration of the public comment 
period. Mississippi will publish notices on the Department's website, 
allowing for at least 30 days for public comment, and may, when it 
deems appropriate, supplement the e-notice with other noticing methods 
for individual permits.
    [cir] Rule 5.7(B)4 sets out the requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(2)(iv) establishing requirements for the reviewing authority 
to send a copy of the public notice to the applicant, the EPA 
Administrator, and other interested officials and agencies. This also 
includes State or local air pollution control agencies, city and county 
chief executives, regional land use planning agencies, and any Federal 
land manager or Indian governing body potentially affected by emissions 
from the source or modification. Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP 
revision simply moves the previously incorporated version of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(2)(iv) in Rule 5.4 to Rule 5.7B(4).
    [cir] Rule 5.7(B)5 sets out the requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(2)(vi) providing an opportunity for a public hearing where 
interested individuals can present written or oral comments on the air 
quality impact of the proposed source, alternatives to it, required 
control technology, and other appropriate considerations. The SIP 
revision moves the previously incorporated version of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(1) in Rule 5.4 to Rule 5.7B(5).
    [cir] Rule 5.7(B)6 sets out the requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(2)(vi) and requires MDEQ to make available for public 
inspection, public comments received at a public hearing or during the 
comment period on the MDEQ website, rather than at a physical location. 
Specifically, the Department is required to consider all written 
comments submitted within the specified time frame mentioned in the 
public notice, as well as any comments received during public hearings 
when making the final decision on the applications approval. All 
comments will be made available for public inspection at the same 
location or website where preconstruction information was provided.
    [cir] Rule 5.7(B)7 sets out the requirements at 51.166(q)(2)(vii) 
that the Department shall make a final determination on whether 
construction should be approved, approved with conditions, or 
disapproved after making a preliminary determination under subparagraph 
B(1). Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP revision simply moves the 
previously incorporated version of 40 CFR 51.166(q)(2)(vii) in Rule 
5.4. to Rule 5.7(B)7.
    [cir] Rule 5.7(B)8 sets out the requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166(q)(2)(viii) and requires MDEQ to make the final determination on 
whether construction should be approved, approved with conditions, or 
disapproved, available at the same location or on the same MDEQ website 
MDEQ used for preconstruction information and public comments. 
Specifically, the Department shall notify the applicant in writing of 
the final determination and ensure that this notification is accessible 
for public inspection at the same location or website where the 
Department made available preconstruction information and public 
comments relating to the proposed source or modification.
    Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP revision sets out at Rule 5.7 
the requirements for PSD public participation from 40 CFR 51.166(q) as 
amended on October 5, 2016, which includes those changes promulgated in 
the Public Participation Rule. As discussed above, Mississippi's 
February 28, 2024, SIP revision removes the IBR of the PSD public 
participation requirements at 40 CFR 51.166(q) and instead sets out 
these Federal requirements at Rule 5.7 which includes the amendments 
promulgated in EPA's 2016 Public Participation Rule. EPA is proposing 
to approve Mississippi's February 28, 2024, SIP submission because the 
SIP revision is consistent with the PSD public participation 
regulations at 40 CFR 51.166(q).
    Based on EPA's analysis of the proposed aforementioned revisions to 
Mississippi's PSD permitting regulations at 11 MAC Part 2, Chapter 5, 
EPA is proposing to approve these changes because the revisions are 
consistent with the CAA and the PSD program requirements of 40 CFR 
51.166 and 52.21.

V. Incorporation by Reference

    In this document, EPA is proposing to include in a final EPA rule 
regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In accordance 
with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, and as discussed in section IV of this 
preamble, EPA is proposing to incorporate by reference Mississippi 
Rules 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 2, Rules 2.5B(1) and B(2), Application 
Review; 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 5, Rule 5.1, Purpose of this 
regulation; Rule 5.2, Adoption of Federal Rules by Reference; \31\ Rule 
5.3, Definition of term ``Administrator''; Rule 5.4, Adoption of 
Federal Rules for

[[Page 75524]]

Exclusions from Increment Consumption; Rule 5.6, Applicability; and 
Rule 5.7, Public Participation, all of which are State effective on 
February 22, 2024. EPA has made, and will continue to make, these 
materials generally available through www.regulations.gov and at the 
EPA Region 4 office (please contact the person identified in the For 
Further Information Contact section of this preamble for more 
information).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \31\ Rule 5.2 does not incorporate by reference the provisions 
at 52.21(b)(2)(v) and (b)(3)(iii)(c) that were stayed indefinitely 
by the Fugitive Emissions Interim Rule (76 FR 17548 (March 30, 
2011)). If EPA finalizes this action as proposed, it will retain the 
text in the explanation column for Rule 5.2 at 40 CFR 52.1270(c).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

VI. Proposed Action

    EPA is proposing to approve changes to 11 MAC Part 2, Chapter 2, 
Rule 2.5B(1) and B(2), Application Review; 11 MAC, Part 2, Chapter 5, 
Rule 5.1, Purpose of this regulation; Rule 5.2, Adoption of Federal 
Rules by Reference; Rule 5.3, Definition of term ``Administrator''; 
Rule 5.4, Adoption of Federal Rules for Exclusions from Increment 
Consumption; Rule 5.6 Applicability; and Rule 5.7, Public 
Participation. In addition, EPA is proposing to convert the conditional 
approval of the portions of the 2015 8-hour ozone NAAQS iSIP that 
address the PSD related requirements of CAA sections 110(a)(2)(C), 
110(a)(2)(D)(i)(II) (prong 3), and 110(a)(2)(J), and the modeling 
requirements of 110(a)(2)(K) to a full approval.

VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP 
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable 
Federal regulations. See 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in 
reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve State choices, 
provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this 
proposed action merely proposes to approve State law as meeting Federal 
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those 
imposed by State law. For that reason, this proposed action:
    <bullet> Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review 
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58 
FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and 14094 (88 FR 21879, April 11, 2023);
    <bullet> Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
    <bullet> Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
    <bullet> Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
    <bullet> Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
    <bullet> Is not subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, 
April 23, 1997) because it approves a State program;
    <bullet> Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); and
    <bullet> Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the CAA.
    In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where EPA or an Indian Tribe has 
demonstrated that a Tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian 
country, the proposed rule does not have Tribal implications and will 
not impose substantial direct costs on Tribal governments or preempt 
Tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 
9, 2000).
    Executive Order 12898 (Federal Actions to Address Environmental 
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations, 59 FR 7629, 
Feb. 16, 1994) directs Federal agencies to identify and address 
``disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental 
effects'' of their actions on minority populations and low-income 
populations to the greatest extent practicable and permitted by law. 
EPA defines environmental justice (EJ) as ``the fair treatment and 
meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, 
national origin, or income with respect to the development, 
implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and 
policies.'' EPA further defines the term fair treatment to mean that 
``no group of people should bear a disproportionate burden of 
environmental harms and risks, including those resulting from the 
negative environmental consequences of industrial, governmental, and 
commercial operations or programs and policies.''
    MDEQ did not evaluate EJ considerations as part of its SIP 
submittal; the CAA and applicable implementing regulations neither 
prohibit nor require such an evaluation. EPA did not perform an EJ 
analysis and did not consider EJ in this proposed action. Due to the 
nature of the action being proposed here, this proposed action is 
expected to have a neutral to positive impact on the air quality of the 
affected area. Consideration of EJ is not required as part of this 
proposed action, and there is no information in the record inconsistent 
with the stated goal of E.O. 12898 of achieving EJ for communities with 
EJ concerns.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by 
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, 
Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Sulfur 
oxides.

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

    Dated: September 11, 2024.
Jeaneanne Gettle,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 4.
[FR Doc. 2024-21007 Filed 9-13-24; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


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