From:   Chuck French/RTP/USEPA/US  

To:   cortney_higgins@omb.eop.gov, hking@omb.gov

Cc:   Amy Branning/DC/USEPA/US@EPA, Chuck French/RTP/USEPA/US@EPA, Paula

VanLare/DC/USEPA/US@EPA

Date:   04/06/2010 10:21 AM  

Subject: Gold Mines ‐ follow‐up to teleconference

Hi Courtney and Heidi,

As follow‐up to our teleconference last week, there was a question about what

happens to the liquid elemental mercury that the gold mine facilities collect

from the retort and other processes. Currently, it is my understanding (based on

conversations with industry) that most companies sell this mercury to metals

marketing companies in the U.S., which then sell and distribute the mercury to

other companies for legitimate purposes (e.g., producing fluorescent light bulbs,

etc......). The main company that buys this mercury from the gold mine companies

is Bethlehem Apparatus in Pennsylvania. Another company that buys some of this

mercury is Mercury Waste Solutions. After the export ban goes into effect, it is

my understanding (based on conversations with industry reps) that the companies

plan to send this mercury to the Federal storage facility for permanent storage.

Apparently, the export ban has language in it about the Federal Government

providing such storage facility.

Another question was about the 112c6 inventory and how gold mines fits into that

inventory. Anyway, attached below is the original 1998 FR Notice for 112c6 (which

was published in the Federal Register in April 1998) with the original emissions

estimates for 1990.

As you know, gold mines were not included in the original inventory in 1998.

Therefore, we calculated an emissions estimate for gold mines using available

data and information and projecting back to 1990.We estimated that gold mines

emitted about4.4 tons of mercury in 1990.Anyway, attached below is the original

inventory and the documents showing the calculations for emissions from gold

mines in 1990. We are still working on some of your other questions/comments

and I plan to get back to you soon about those. Meanwhile, let me know if you

have questions.

Thank You.

Chuck

(See attached file: 112c6‐FR‐Notice‐1998.pdf)

(See attached file: 1990‐mercury‐emissions‐estimate‐9‐2008.doc)  

(See attached file: Table‐1‐Mercury‐EF‐Gold‐Mines.xls)(See attached file:

Table2‐Jerritt Canyon‐mercury‐EF‐9‐17‐08.xls)
17838 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

1The revised standards of conduct were

submitted between March 20 and March 30, 1998.

2Open Access Same-Time Information System

(Formerly Real-Time Information Network) and

Standards of Conduct, 61 FR 21737 (May 10, 1996),

FERC Stats. & Regs., Regulations Preambles January

1991-June 1996 ¶ 31,035 (April 24, 1996); Order N.

889–A, order on rehearing, 62 FR 12484 (March 14,

1997), III FERC Stats. & Regs. ¶ 31,049 (March 4,

1997) (Order No. 889–A); Order No. 889–B,

rehearing denied, 62 FR 64715 (December 9, 1997),

81 FERC ¶ 61,253 (November 25, 1997).

Comment date: April 17, 1998, in

accordance with Standard Paragraph E

at the end of this notice.

16. Interstate Power Company

[Docket No. ER98–2357–000]

Take notice that on March 30, 1998,

Interstate Power Company (IPW),

tendered for filing a Transmission

Service Agreement between IPW and

ConAgra Energy Services, Inc.

(ConAgra). Under the Transmission

Service Agreement, IPW will provide

non-firm point-to-point transmission

service to ConAgra.

Comment date: April 17, 1998, in

accordance with Standard Paragraph E

at the end of this notice.

17. Madison Gas and Electric Company

[Docket No. ER98–2358–000]

Take notice that on March 30, 1998,

Madison Gas and Electric Company

(MGE), tendered for filing a service

agreement under MGE’s Power Sales

Tariff.

MGE requests an effective date of

February 24, 1998, which is the date the

agreement was signed.

Comment date: April 17, 1998, in

accordance with Standard Paragraph E

at the end of this notice.

18. American Electric Power Service

Corporation

[Docket No. ER98–2364–000]

Take notice that on March 30, 1998,

the American Electric Power Service

Corporation (AEPSC), tendered for filing

an executed Network Integration

Transmission Service Agreement under

the AEP Companies’ Open Access

Transmission Service Tariff (OATT).

The OATT has been designated as FERC

Electric Tariff Original Volume No. 4,

effective July 9, 1996. AEPSC requests

waiver of notice to permit the Service

Agreements to be made effective for

service billed on and after March 1,

1998.

A copy of the filing was served upon

Commonwealth Edison Company and

the City of Dowagiac, Michigan and the

state utility regulatory commissions of

Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio,

Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia.

Comment date: April 17, 1998, in

accordance with Standard Paragraph E

at the end of this notice.

19. Carolina Power & Light Company,

Central Louisiana Electric Company,

Inc., Central Power and Light Co.,

Public Service Company of Oklahoma,

Southwestern Electric Power Co., West

Texas Utilities Company, The Detroit

Edison Company, Duquesne Light

Company, Entergy Services, Inc.,

Entergy Arkansas, Inc., Entergy Gulf

States, Inc., Entergy Louisiana, Inc.,

Entergy Mississippi, Inc., Entergy New

Orleans, Inc., Kansas City Power &

Light Co., Public Service Company of

New Mexico, Sierra Pacific Power

Company, and UtiliCorp United, Inc.

[Docket Nos. OA97–105–001, OA97–432–

001, OA97–287–001, OA97–184–001, OA97–

407–001, OA97–458–001, OA97–280–002,

OA97–433–001, OA97–720–001, OA97–464–

001, and OA97–446–001]

Take notice that the companies listed

in the above-captioned dockets

submitted revised standards of conduct 1

under Order Nos. 889 et seq.2

Comment date: April 17, 1998, in

accordance with Standard Paragraph E

at the end of this notice.

Standard Paragraph:

E. Any person desiring to be heard or

to protest said filing should file a

motion to intervene or protest with the

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission,

888 First Street, N.E., Washington, D.C.

20426, in accordance with Rules 211

and 214 of the Commission’s Rules of

Practice and Procedure (18 CFR 385.211

and 18 CFR 385.214). All such motions

or protests should be filed on or before

the comment date. Protests will be

considered by the Commission in

determining the appropriate action to be

taken, but will not serve to make

protestants parties to the proceeding.

Any person wishing to become a party

must file a motion to intervene. Copies

of these filings are on file with the

Commission and are available for public

inspection.

David P. Boergers,

Acting Secretary.

[FR Doc. 98–9472 Filed 4–9–98; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6717–01–P

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

AGENCY

[FRL–5994–8; Docket No. A–97–05]

Source Category Listing for Section

112(d)(2) Rulemaking Pursuant to

Section 112(c)(6) Requirements

AGENCY: Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Notice.

SUMMARY: This action provides a list of

source categories for regulation under

section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act

(Act). A draft listing of this action was

posted in the Federal Register on June

20, 1997 (62 FR 33625) and public

comment was taken on that draft. A

document summarizing comments and

responses is available on the Internet

site (www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/

112c6fac.html) and in the project

docket. This action is being taken

pursuant to section 112(c)(6) of the Act,

as amended in 1990, and a consent

decree entered in Sierra Club v.

Browner, Civ. No. 95–1747 (D.D.C. 1995)

(consolidated with Sierra Club v.

Browner, Civ. No. 96–436 (D.D.C.

1996)). Draft and final lists were

required under the amended consent

decree to be completed and made

available by EPA by June 11, 1997 and

April 3, 1998, respectively.

This listing, under section 112(c)(6) is

to identify source categories for which

additional standards under section

112(d)(2) or (d)(4) can be developed, but

by itself does not automatically result in

regulation or control of emissions from

sources within these source categories.

Based on this list, EPA will perform

further analyses on emissions and

control methods for the listed source

categories. The regulatory development

analysis will determine any ultimate

regulatory requirements.

DATES: Draft and final lists were

required under the amended consent

decree to be completed and made

available by EPA by June 11, 1997 and

April 3, 1998 respectively.

ADDRESSES: A docket containing

information relating to the EPA’s

development of this notice (Docket No.

A–97–05) is available for public

inspection and copying between 8 a.m.

and 5:30 p.m., Monday through Friday

except for Federal holidays, in the Air

and Radiation Docket and Information

Center (MC–6102), Room M–1500, U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, 401

M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460;

telephone (202) 260–7548.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Laurel Driver, Office of Air Quality

Planning and Standards (MD–15), U.S.
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices 17839

Environmental Protection Agency,

Research Triangle Park, North Carolina

27711, telephone number (919) 541–

2859, electronic mail address:

driver.laurel@epamail.epa.gov.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Docket. The docket is an organized

and complete file of all the information

submitted to or otherwise considered by

the Agency in the development of this

list of categories for sources for section

112(c)(6). The principal purpose of this

docket is to allow interested parties to

identify and locate documents that serve

as a record of the process engaged in by

the Agency to publish today’s notice.

The docket is available for public

inspection at the EPA’s Air and

Radiation Docket and Information

Center, which is listed in the addresses

section of this notice.

The information in this notice is

organized as follows:

I. Introduction

A. Statutory Requirements

B. Schedule

II. Background

A. Overview of Regulatory Authority

B. General Procedure

III. Changes Made From Draft Listing

A. Response to Comments

1. Comments on Emissions Inventories

2. Comments on EPA Policy

B. Other Significant Changes

IV. Listing Determination Process

A. Sources Excluded from Section

112(c)(6) Analysis

1. Exclusions Identified in Draft Listing

Notices

2. Cigarette Smoke

3. Utility Emissions

4. Consumer Products

5. Refueling Emissions at Gasoline

Dispensing Facilities

B. Defining ‘‘Subject to Standards’’

1. Section 112(d)(2)

2. Section 112(d)(4)

3. Section 129

C. Regulatory Coverage for Section

112(c)(6) Pollutants

V. Sources Categories that Require Listing as

a Result of the Section 112(c)(6) Analysis

VI. Regulatory Requirements

A. General

B. Executive Order 12866 and Office of

Management and Budget (OMB) Review

Table 1. Summary of 1990 Emission

Inventory Data for Section 112(c)(6)

Pollutants (TONS/YRS)

Table 2. 1990 Anthropogenic Stationary

Source Category Percentage

Contributions and Associated

Regulations

Table 3. Cross-Reference Between the Section

112(c)(6) Inventory of Sources and

Applicable Regulations

Figure 1. Percentage Contributions Of Total

Emissions—Included from Regulatory

Analysis

I. Introduction

A. Statutory Requirements

Section 112(c)(6) of the Act prescribes

the following program for seven specific

pollutants:

With respect to alkylated lead compounds,

polycyclic organic matter,

hexachlorobenzene, mercury,

polychlorinated biphenyls, 2,3,7,8-

tetrachlorodibenzofurans and 2,3,7,8-

tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, the

Administrator shall, not later than 5 years

after November 15, 1990, list categories and

subcategories of sources assuring that sources

accounting for not less than 90 per centum

of the aggregate emissions of each such

pollutant are subject to standards under

subsection (d)(2) or (d)(4) of this section.

Such standards shall be promulgated not

later than 10 years after November 15, 1990.

This paragraph shall not be construed to

require the Administrator to promulgate

standards for such pollutants emitted by

electric utility steam generating units.

B. Schedule

The EPA has entered into a consent

decree with the Sierra Club Legal

Defense Fund, Inc., in response to Sierra

Club v. Browner, Civ. No. 95–1747

(D.D.C. 1995) (consolidated with Sierra

Club v. Browner, Civ. No. 96–436

(D.D.C. 1996)). These actions concern

performance of certain duties under Act

sections 112(c)(3), (c)(6), (k), and 202(l).

The consent decree, as amended,

required, among other actions, that EPA

complete a draft of the list described in

section 112(c)(6) no later than June 11,

1997, and make a final list available no

later than April 3, 1998.

II. Background

A. Overview of Regulatory Authority

Section 112 of the Act, as amended in

1990, contains the EPA’s authorities for

reducing emissions of hazardous air

pollutants (HAP). Section 112(b)(1)

contains an initial list of 189 HAP

(revised to contain 188 HAP, 61 FR

30816, June 18, 1996). Section 112(c)(1)

requires the Administrator to publish a

list of all categories and subcategories of

major sources and area sources of the air

pollutants listed in or pursuant to

section 112(b). Section 112(d) requires

the Administrator to promulgate

regulations establishing emission

standards for each category or

subcategory of major sources and area

sources of HAP listed in section 112(c).

Section 112(d)(2) specifies that emission

standards promulgated under the

section shall require the maximum

degree of reductions in emissions of the

HAP subject to section 112 that are

deemed achievable, i.e., the maximum

achievable control technology (MACT).

These regulations are often termed

‘‘technology-based’’ standards because

they are based on the degree of

emissions control achievable through

the application of technologies that the

best performing sources in the particular

source category are using. These

technologies may include equipment or

process design, chemical substitution,

collection and treatment of emissions,

work practices, and other measures.

Section 112(d)(4) provides for

consideration of health thresholds with

an ample margin of safety. Certain other

sections of section 112 require EPA, in

addition to technology-based standards,

to evaluate risk to public health and the

environment in determining whether

other control measures are appropriate.

Section 112(c)(6) names seven

specific HAP that EPA must evaluate to

assure that certain sources of these HAP

have been identified and subjected to

standards.

B. General Procedure

In order to determine the sources of

the seven HAP named in section

112(c)(6), EPA developed a 1990 baseyear emissions inventory of known

sources to the atmosphere of each HAP

(refer to the inventory document or the

draft listing notice for a discussion of

the base year selection). This inventory

of all sources (whether or not the

emissions are considered further in the

section 112(c)(6) analysis) is

summarized in Table 1.

Once these sources of the total

emissions were identified, only the

stationary, anthropogenic source

categories which fall within the scope of

section 112 (or the equivalent section

129) were evaluated to determine action

necessary under section 112(c)(6). (More

discussion of source categories excluded

from the section 112(c)(6) analysis

follows in section IV.A.)

Once the list of source categories was

revised, the remaining pool of source

categories was evaluated to determine

whether 90 percent of those emissions

are subject to standards. A summary of

source categories included in the

section 112(c)(6) analysis and their

percent contributions are contained in

Table 2. The majority of the source

categories were found to be already

subject to either section 112(d)(2) or

section 129 standards (see section

IV.B.3. regarding section 112(c)(6) credit

for section 129 standards) or listed for

such regulation. The EPA reviewed the

coverage of source categories to

determine whether additional source

categories are needed to assure that not

less than 90 per centum of the aggregate

emissions of each pollutant are subject

to standards.
17840 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

The EPA published a draft listing of

source categories accounting for the

section 112(c)(6) HAP emissions and the

source categories needed to meet the 90

percent requirement in the Federal

Register on June 20, 1997 (62 FR 33625).

The notice and the base year inventory

document contain detailed information

about emissions inventory development

methodology and its review process. In

response to comments on this draft and

to new data that have been collected in

conjunction with concurrent EPA

projects, EPA has made significant

changes to the inventory since the draft

package. These changes are discussed in

section III.

Additionally, EPA has prepared Table

3, which provides a cross-reference

between the inventory prepared for

section 112(c)(6) and the list of

categories under section 112(c)(1) for

section 112(d) standards. This table

does not change any of the category

definitions or listing actions, but is

provided solely for the convenience of

the public.

While this assessment uses the best

available emissions data currently

available for 1990, EPA cannot, at this

time, assure that this calculation of the

90 percent will remain constant for two

reasons: (1) EPA has not completed the

process of developing section 112(d)(2)

standards and, therefore, cannot

guarantee the outcome of those

standards; and (2) the emissions

inventory estimates, and the estimates

for emissions allocations to major and

area sources, for any given source

category are likely to change as more

source category specific information is

collected in the process of developing

standards. Congress required this listing

activity to be undertaken before

completion of many regulatory analyses,

and EPA believes this notice represents

the best estimate of emissions of section

112(c)(6) pollutants and their regulatory

coverage possible at this time.

III. Changes Made From Draft Listing

The EPA posted the draft section

112(c)(6) listing in the Federal Register

on June 20, 1997. The EPA posted the

notice, the 1990 base year inventory,

and an explanatory fact sheet on the

EPA’s Internet web site (www.epa.gov/

ttn/uatw/112c6fac.html). The EPA also

notified trade associations,

environmental groups, regulatory

agencies, and other parties who had

expressed interest or supplied data to

alert them of the availability of the

section 112(c)(6) package. The EPA

accepted comments on the draft listing

and base year inventory over a 30-day

comment period. A comment summary

document is posted on the web site and

is available in the docket. A discussion

of substantive changes in the listing

action resulting from comments and

from data collected through related EPA

projects follows.

A. Response to Comments

A total of 27 separate comment letters

were received regarding the June 20,

1997 Federal Register package. Several

of the comments pertained to the

accompanying 1990 base year emissions

inventory supporting the section

112(c)(6) listing process. Within the 27

individual comment letters,

approximately 50 separate comment

issues were identified. These comments

pertained to both technical and policy

issues. The EPA has prepared a

document, ‘‘Summary of Public

Comments on the section 112(c)(6) Draft

Listing Notice,’’ that summarizes all

technical and policy comments received

on the July 20, 1997 section 112(c)(6)

Federal Register package. Similarly

focused comments have been aggregated

and summarized in the document, along

with the EPA responses to the

comments. The responses indicate how

a technical or policy issue is being

addressed in the final Federal Register

listing notice for section 112(c)(6) or in

the final supporting emissions

inventory. The comment summary/

response document can be found in the

docket for the section 112(c)(6) project

and on the EPA air toxics web page

(http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/

112c6fac.html).

1. Comments on Emissions Inventories

The majority of the technical

comments regarded items relating to

some aspect of an emissions inventory

estimate for a source category. Most of

these comments questioned the use of a

particular emission rate or factor or the

use of an activity rate for a source

category. The EPA evaluated the

technical data submitted and revised

several emissions estimates based on

these comments. Any changes made in

emissions estimates based on these

comments are reflected in the base-year

inventory document, Tables 1 and 2,

and Figure 1 at the end of this notice.

2. Comments on EPA Policy

The policy-oriented comments

predominantly addressed what

regulatory programs could be counted as

fulfilling the section 112(c)(6) ‘‘subject

to standards’’ requirement, what portion

of total source category emissions can be

credited as being ‘‘subject to standards’’

for the section 112(c)(6) 90 percent

requirement, what source categories

should be included in the 90 percent

‘‘subject to standards’’ analysis, and

what are appropriate definitions for the

polycyclic organic matter (POM) and

dioxin/furan pollutants. Comments also

stated that EPA should do more to

communicate the emissions reductions

that industries have done for section

112(c)(6) pollutants since 1990 and that

current emissions are significantly

below 1990 levels; and that the aviation

gasoline distribution category should

not be included in the listing since there

is currently no viable substitute for

leaded aviation fuels and recent

discussions between the industry and

the Federal Aviation Administration

(FAA) indicated no regulatory programs

would be pursued for leaded aviation

fuels. The most substantive of these

comments and EPA responses are

summarized below:

Comment: Several commenters were

concerned that EPA consider aviation

safety and performance standards when

considering ‘‘Gasoline Distribution

(Aviation)’’ as a source category under

section 112(c)(6).

Response: The EPA will consider

such safety standards. Section 112(d)(2)

standards require using the technology

and practices of the best performers

within an industry to set the standard

for the rest of the industry.

Comment: One commenter stated that

credits for stage II gasoline distribution

regulations under sections 182(b)(3) and

202(a)(6) are only appropriate if they are

protective of human health.

Response: Section 112(c)(6) does not

require EPA to determine an emissions

level ‘‘protective of human health.’’ In

any case, EPA is not including stage II

gasoline distribution emissions in the

section 112(c)(6) analysis for the reasons

described in IV.A.5. below.

Comment: One commenter stated that

in its section 112(c)(6) proposal, EPA

improperly and illegally counts

emissions as ‘‘subject to standards’’ that

are not yet subject to standards, that are

subject to standards other than MACT,

or that are only partially subject to

standards. Only emissions that are

subject to standards under section

112(d)(2) and 112 (d)(4) can be counted

toward the 90 percent goal contained in

section 112(c)(6).

Response: The EPA made changes in

the final listing action in response to

this comment. First, HAP emissions

from electric utility steam generating

units were removed from the analysis.

Section 112(c)(6) provides that, ‘‘This

paragraph shall not be construed to

require the Administrator to promulgate

standards for such pollutants emitted by

electric utility steam generating units.’’

Furthermore, section 112(n)(1)(A)

requires EPA to perform a study of the

public health hazards posed by HAP
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices 17841

emissions from electric utility steam

generating units and to regulate those

sources if ‘‘appropriate and necessary

after considering the results of the

study.’’ The EPA believes that those

provisions give the Agency discretion to

exclude utility emissions from listing

and regulation under section 112(c)(6).

Congress enacted section 112(n)(1)(A) to

establish the mechanism for

determining whether regulation of

utility HAP emissions under section 112

was ‘‘appropriate and necessary’’ and

section 112(c)(6) specifically

acknowledges that function. The EPA

believes that the language used in

section 112(c)(6) reflects Congress’

determination that the mechanism

established by section 112(c)(6) is not

appropriate for the regulation of utility

HAP emissions. Therefore, EPA has

removed utility HAP emissions from

this analysis.

Second, EPA has added information

on whether each Industrial Combustion

Coordinated Rulemaking (ICCR)

category will be subject to section 112

or section 129 standards. (EPA has

found section 112(d)(2) and 129

standards to be substantively the same,

as discussed in the draft listing Federal

Register notice.)

Comment: One commenter stated that

in determining source categories subject

to standards and counting emissions

toward the section 112(c)(6) 90 percent

goal, EPA has assumed that 100 percent

of all emissions for each MACT category

are major source emissions. Therefore,

all emissions from a category for which

there is a MACT are covered, even if

there are actually area sources that may

not be subject to the MACT.

Response: The EPA has made a

significant effort to characterize

emissions from each of the section

112(c)(6) emissions source categories.

These area and major source emissions

allocations are detailed in the draft and

final emissions inventory documents

which have been made available with

the draft and final listing notices.

Information on these area/major

allocations comes primarily from work

conducted in association with MACT

standard development or derived from

definitions of facilities. The EPA finds

the MACT data to be of generally higher

quality than the facility definition data,

which are expected to improve as

MACT standards are developed for

these categories.

For the section 112(c)(6) analysis, in

cases where a regulation for a given

source category has been promulgated,

the percent of emissions subject to the

standard has been credited. For

example, in the source category gasoline

distribution stage I, only 10 percent of

the emissions are from major sources

subject to the standard and have been

counted toward the 90 percent goal. For

source categories with regulations that

have not yet been promulgated, EPA

will subject each significant area source

category to standards as directed by

section 112(c)(6). When the regulations

for each of those categories are

developed, EPA will analyze the data

specific to those sources and determine,

under section 112(d), in what manner

requirements will be established. Some

area categories may be negligible

contributors to the 90 percent goal, and

as such pose unwarranted burdens for

subjecting to standards. These trivial

source categories will be removed from

the listing as they are evaluated since

they will not contribute significantly to

the 90 percent goal.

Comment: One commenter stated that

EPA’s treatment of emissions in the

proposed notice implies that the Agency

believes it has identified all source

categories of section 112(c)(6) pollutant

emissions and, therefore, has accounted

for 100 percent of emissions. The EPA

should document the basis for this

assumption. If this cannot be

documented, the EPA should not

assume that 90 percent of the emissions

reported in the proposal notice equal 90

percent of the total amount of section

112(c)(6) pollutant emissions.

Response: The EPA has documented

all sources for which emissions data

could be found and has indicated all

source categories for which emissions

are suspected but no data to estimate

emissions could be found. The

methodology for developing the

emissions inventory estimates is

described in detail within the base year

inventory document. Any supported

additional data that have been

submitted by reviewers have also been

incorporated. The EPA believes it has

sufficiently supported its emissions

estimates and has been as inclusive as

possible of all relevant data. The EPA

further notes that the commenter has

supplied no information which would

contradict or refute EPA’s belief that all

source categories have been identified.

Comment: One commenter stated that

the only MACT standards that are

countable toward the section 112(c)(6)

90 percent requirement are those

standards that specifically establish

requirements for section 112(c)(6) HAP

(i.e., EPA cannot claim credit for a

MACT for benzene as subjecting the

source to standards for dioxin), and that

a section 112(d)(2) standard for which

EPA claims credit for section 112(c)(6)

purposes must specifically regulate the

emissions of the section 112(c)(6)

pollutant.

Similarly, another comment asserted

that Congress intended for EPA to

reduce section 112(c)(6) HAP emissions

by even more than they would be

reduced by any other section 112(d)(2)

standard means, and that this is why

they imposed especially stringent

emissions targets. The commenter

asserted that this interpretation is

supported by the legislative history of

the Act.

Another commenter stated it is not

appropriate for EPA to have claimed

section 112(c)(6) credit for section

112(d)(2) applicability and MACT

emission reductions when the subject

standard does not reduce nor require

any reductions for the section 112(c)(6)

HAP. If EPA evaluates this situation for

a category and determines that no real

reductions are possible under a given

MACT, the commenter stated that they

should report this finding to Congress.

The commenter further argued that

claiming these credits for standards that

do nothing in terms of real emission

reductions is not appropriate.

Response: The EPA responds that

section 112(c)(6) and 112(d) does not

require a specific quantitative reduction

in emissions for any particular HAP.

Section 112(c)(6) calls for EPA to assure

that certain sources ‘‘are subject to

standards under subsection 112 (d)(2) or

(d)(4).’’ The relevant sources are

selected on the basis of whether they

emit the seven listed HAP. Section

112(c)(6) does not, however, require that

EPA achieve a specific amount of

reductions of those seven listed HAP.

Today’s action satisfies section 112(c)(6)

by assuring that source categories

accounting for 90 percent of the

emissions are subject to standards under

section 112 (d)(2) or (d)(4).

Section 112 (d)(2) and (d)(4), in turn,

define the mechanism for setting

standards. That mechanism establishes

a minimum level of performance. Like

section 112(c)(6), it does not mandate

any particular percentage reduction in

emissions of any particular HAP.

However, standards under section

112(d)(2) will be reevaluated for

‘‘residual risk’’ under section 112(f).

Under this provision, EPA can impose

additional standards, if necessary, ‘‘to

provide an ample margin of safety to

protect public health * * * or to

prevent, taking into consideration costs,

energy, safety, and other relevant

factors, an adverse environmental

effect.’’

Comment: Some commenters

emphasized the point that in order for

area sources within the source

categories listed in the section 112(c)(6)

inventory to be regulated or for the area

sources within the applicable MACT to
17842 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

be regulated, EPA must first make a

determination that the sources pose an

adverse threat to human health or the

environment pursuant to section

112(c)(3) requirements. The EPA cannot

impose MACT or any other control

requirements on area sources without

making such a determination first.

Similarly, a commenter did not

believe that section 112(c)(6) mandates

the control of area sources within a

listed source category. The commenter

went on to say that the proposal notice

was unclear on whether area sources

were presumed to be affected by the

credited MACT, but that whether they

were or were not, area sources within

the Portland cement industry are not

presumed to be regulated by the

industry MACT standards as a result of

their inclusion in the section 112(c)(6)

source list.

Response: The EPA responds that

section 112(c)(6) requires that sources

accounting for at least 90 percent of

emissions of the specified pollutants be

subject to section 112(d)(2) standards or

section 112(d)(4). Unlike section

112(c)(3), this requirement does not call

for, nor does EPA believe it permits, a

finding of health or environmental

threat from area sources to determine if

such sources need to be included to

meet the 90 percent requirement.

However, EPA will determine whether

specific regulation of the area source

component of a source category is

appropriate, or necessary to meet the 90

percent goal, based on more source

category-specific data collected as part

of the regulatory process.

Comment: Another commenter

challenged that EPA should not, in its

listing for section 112(c)(6), split the

Portland cement category into two

categories, one for sources combusting

hazardous waste fuel and one for

sources not combusting hazardous

waste fuel.

Response: Section 112(c) generally

authorizes EPA to establish source

categories or subcategories for

regulation as appropriate. The EPA

chose to split hazardous and nonhazardous waste-burning source

categories in order to reflect the

distinctions made in MACT standards

currently under development within

EPA’s Office of Air Quality Planning

and Standards (OAQPS) and the Office

of Solid Waste (OSW). The OAQPS rule,

which is not yet proposed, applies to

cement kilns that do not burn hazardous

waste and to other HAP-emitting

sources at a cement plant, regardless of

whether or not the cement kiln burns

hazardous waste. Cement kilns that

burn hazardous waste will be covered

by the hazardous waste combustor rule

which was proposed April 19, 1996 (61

FR 17358). Approximately 40 out of the

210 cement kilns in the U.S. burn

hazardous waste as a fuel. The sources

burning hazardous and nonhazardous

fuel are being regulated under separate

actions due to their different emissions

characteristics, different air pollution

controls, and separate classification by

virtue of section 3004 (q) of the

Resource Conservation and Recovery

Act.

Comment: Several commenters

responded to EPA’s request for input on

the most appropriate definition of POM

for use in this action. While many

comments provided information that

will improve the emissions estimates for

the various source categories emitting

these compounds, EPA did not receive

information which would favor the

selection of one surrogate approach over

another as a basis to make listing

determinations for all categories

associated with emissions of section

112(c)(6) HAP.

Response: POM is defined in section

112(b) to ‘‘[i]nclude[ ] organic

compounds with more than one

benzene ring, and which have a boiling

point greater than or equal to 100°C.’’

The complex mixture of POM consists

of literally thousands of organic

compounds, and no standardized

method exists at this time to measure

these emissions. There are, however,

some valid surrogates for POM that

provide sufficient emissions inventory

data for this analysis: (1) Extractable

organic matter (EOM), which is

composed of the solvent-extractable

fraction of particulate matter, (2) the

sum of the seven polynuclear aromatic

hydrocarbon compounds that are

probable carcinogens (7–PAH), and (3)

the sum of the sixteen PAHs measured

in EPA test method 610 (16–PAH). (For

a more complete discussion of POM

surrogates, refer to the section 112(c)(6)

emissions inventory document.) The

EPA and others are engaged in further

efforts to better characterize the

constituents of POM that are most

significant in evaluating health and

environmental effects.

Rather than circumventing that effort

by selecting one surrogate, EPA

collected and used data for all three

approaches in the section 112(c)(6)

assessment. As a result, the Agency did

not discard any of the possible

surrogates for POM; the section

112(c)(6) listing reflects an analysis that

satisfies the 90 percent requirement

using each one of the three approaches.

Comment: One commenter argued

that use of toxic equivalency (TEQ) is

inappropriate as a surrogate for 2,3,7,8-

TCDD. While 2,3,7,8-TCDD is a single

compound, TEQs sum emissions of

various dioxins and furans based on

toxic equivalency (see inventory

document for more discussion of this

issue).

Response: As explained in the draft

listing Federal Register notice, EPA

chose to use the TEQ surrogate for

evaluating 2,3,7,8-TCDD because data

on 2,3,7,8-TCDD emissions were not

available for analysis. Both EPA’s

MACT program and the ongoing Office

of Research and Development’s Dioxin

Reassessment Study predominantly

report emission estimates on a 2,3,7,8-

TCDD TEQ basis. Therefore, to

maximize the number of source

categories for which national estimates

could be determined on a common basis

and best carry out the objectives of

section 112(c)(6), EPA chose to use the

TEQ method for inventorying 2,3,7,8-

TCDD and 2,3,7,8-TCDF as specified

under section 112(c)(6).

B. Other Significant Changes

In addition to data supplied via the

comments on the draft listing package,

EPA also incorporated significant

changes to the section 112(c)(6) base

year emissions inventory based on

information gathered through another

EPA program. The urban area source

program (section 112(c)(3) and 112(k))

requires an inventory information

collection effort which includes some of

the section 112(c)(6) pollutants. This

emissions inventory effort has been

under way concurrently with the

development of the section 112(c)(6)

analysis, with public comment on that

inventory ending in November 1997.

The data collected from that program

have been incorporated into the section

112(c)(6) inventory and are reflected in

the base year inventory document and

the tables and figures included in this

notice.

IV. Listing Determination Process

As described before, early in the

analysis, source categories that are not

considered appropriate for section 112

regulation (i.e., nonstationary,

nonanthropogenic sources) were

identified and excluded from further

evaluation for regulation under section

112(c)(6). From this revised inventory

list, source categories currently

considered to be subject to section

112(d)(2) and (d)(4) standards were

identified, along with source categories

that are subject to section 129 standards

which substantively meet equivalent

requirements.

The emission contributions from

these source categories were tallied for

each pollutant to determine whether the

sources of 90 percent of emissions are
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices 17843

already subject to standards or listed for

such standards, as required by section

112(c)(6). Those pollutants that do not

have 90 percent coverage require listing

of additional source categories under

section 112(c)(6) to attain the 90 percent

level.

A. Sources Excluded From Section

112(c)(6) Analysis

Certain sources of section 112(c)(6)

pollutants, although included in the

1990 base year emissions inventory

documentation, are not included in the

analysis of source categories subject to

section 112(c)(6). For example, section

112 applies to stationary sources,

therefore mobile source emissions were

excluded.

1. Exclusions Identified in the Draft

Listing Notice

In addition to mobile source

emissions, emissions from wild and

prescribed fires, residential fuel

combustion, and pesticide application

were also excluded. The rationale for

these exclusions was discussed in the

draft listing notice. In this notice, EPA

has also excluded cigarette smoke,

utility boilers emissions, consumer

products emissions, and refueling

emissions at gasoline dispensing

facilities. A discussion of each of these

excluded source categories follows.

2. Cigarette Smoke

Although the section 112(c)(6)

emissions inventory includes estimates

of emissions from cigarette smoke, EPA

does not deem this to be a source

category intended for regulation as a

stationary source under section 112.

Section 112(a)(3) defines ‘‘stationary

source’’ by referring to section 111(a),

which provides that a stationary source

is ‘‘any building, structure, facility, or

installation which emits or may emit

any air pollutant.’’ Cigarette smoke does

not fall within that definition because it

is not emitted by a fixed edifice such as

a ‘‘building, structure, facility, or

installation.’’ Therefore, this source

category was excluded from the

inventory of emission sources that are

potentially subject to standards under

section 112(c)(6).

3. Utility Emissions

The language in section 112(c)(6)

states that the ‘‘paragraph shall not be

construed to require the Administrator

to promulgate standards for such

pollutants emitted by electric utility

steam generating units.’’ The EPA

believes this statement gives the Agency

discretion about whether EPA is

required to include utility emissions in

the section 112(c)(6) analysis. In section

112(n)(1)(A), EPA is required to assess

the HAP emissions from electric utility

steam generating units and to regulate if

‘‘appropriate and necessary.’’ More

information about the utility study can

be obtained from the Clean Air Act

Amendments bulletin board of the

EPA’s electronic Technology Transfer

Network (TTN) under ‘‘Recently Signed

Rules,’’ (http://ttnwww.rtpnc.epa.gov).

The EPA believes that section

112(n)(1)(A) is the appropriate authority

for evaluating utility emissions and

determining the necessity of regulation

for this source category. In the draft

section 112(c)(6) listing notice, EPA

proposed to credit the emissions of

section 112(c)(6) pollutants from

utilities as subject to standards through

section 112(n)(1)(A). This interpretation

was challenged by commenters.

Therefore, as discussed above, EPA has

determined it to be more appropriate to

exclude utility emissions from those

considered for the section 112(c)(6)

analysis and to address them under

section 112(n)(1)(A).

4. Consumer Products

Consumer products, such as surface

coatings, metal cleaning solvents,

personal care products, and household

cleaning products contribute

significantly to emissions of POM, as

defined in the 16-polyaromatic

hydrocarbon (PAH) definition. These

emissions are composed primarily of

naphthalene. These emissions come

primarily from the use, consumption,

storage, disposal, destruction, or

decomposition of such products, and as

such, do not fit the definition of

‘‘stationary source’’ provided in sections

111(a)(3) and 112(a)(3). These emissions

were not quantified in the draft section

112(c)(6) emissions inventory or draft

listing Federal Register notice. The

emissions estimates are a result of

inventory-development work on a

concurrent EPA project related to

emissions in urban areas (section

112(c)(3) and 112(k)). The EPA believes

it is important that the emissions from

consumer products be identified and the

public informed of their potential

significance. Although these emissions

account for a significant fraction of total

16-PAH emissions, EPA does not

consider them appropriate for regulation

under section 112 and believes instead

that they should be addressed through

other means.

Regulations for consumer products

have been proposed for control of

volatile organic compounds (VOC)

pursuant to section 183(e) of the Act

and are expected to result in significant

reductions in VOC. Naphthalene is a

VOC. This provision requires EPA to

account for sources of 80 percent of total

VOC emissions from consumer products

in ozone nonattainment areas and

subject these sources to best available

controls.

The proposed rule would affect

approximately 220 consumer product

manufacturers and importers

nationwide. Many of these companies

are already taking steps to reformulate

their products to emit less VOC. The

EPA worked closely with these

companies in developing the proposed

rule.

More information on the proposed

rule for consumer products can be

downloaded from the Clean Air Act

Amendments bulletin board (under

‘‘Recently Signed Rules’’) of EPA’s

electronic Technology Transfer Network

(TTN), or by calling (919) 541–5742.

5. Refueling Emissions at Gasoline

Dispensing Facilities

Refueling emissions at gasoline

dispensing facilities (gas stations) occur

when vapors are displaced from a motor

vehicle’s fuel tank during the refueling

process. Refueling accounts for 374 tons

of the 16-PAH emissions (naphthalene)

in the 1990 base year inventory. The

EPA recognizes the importance of

controlling these emissions but believes

that they are not appropriately the

subject of regulation under section 112.

Promulgation of a section 112

standard to control emissions from

refueling would frustrate Congress’

intent to regulate those emissions

through sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6).

Rather than treating refueling emissions

in the same manner that they treated

other HAP emissions, Congress elected

to provide a special, comprehensive

program specifically tailored to

refueling.

The first step of the program, in

section 182(b)(3), sets forth a short-term

solution. It requires the installation of

controls on fuel pumps to recover

refueling emissions (‘‘stage II’’) and

includes a schedule which calls for

prompt compliance with its

requirements. Stage II was initially

required for gasoline dispensing

facilities which sell more than 10,000

gallons of gasoline per month (or 50,000

gallons per month, in the case of

independent small business marketers)

in all areas that are ‘‘moderate’’ or worse

nonattainment areas for ozone. In

addition, section 184(b)(2) of the Act

requires all areas in the ozone transport

region (OTR) to adopt stage II controls

or control measures capable of

achieving comparable emissions

reductions.

The second step, in section 202(a)(6),

mandates the use of vehicle-based vapor
17844 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

recovery systems in all new light-duty

vehicles (‘‘onboard’’). The schedule

provided in section 202(a)(6) allows for

a lengthier compliance process that

imposes onboard controls after the

installation of Stage II. Upon

promulgation of EPA’s onboard

regulations, the section 182(b)(3) Stage

II requirements no longer applied to

‘‘moderate’’ ozone nonattainment areas,

although States were free to leave stage

II controls in place. For instance, some

States concluded that stage II was

necessary for them to meet reasonable

further progress or attainment and

maintenance requirements under title I

of the Act. Moreover, States are free

under section 116 of the Act to apply

Stage II requirements more stringently

than is federally required. Once EPA

determines by rule that those onboard

controls are in widespread use

throughout the motor vehicle fleet, the

Stage II controls may be scaled back in

‘‘serious’’ or worse ozone nonattainment

areas, while areas in the OTR will

remain subject to the requirements of

section 184(b)(2) to apply Stage II or

comparable measures.

Enactment of sections 182(b)(3) and

202(a)(6) was preceded by lengthy,

detailed debate about the all aspects of

Stage II and onboard systems (e.g., S.

Rep. No. 231, 100th Cong., 1st Sess.

404–407 (1987)), including the safety of

the systems (e.g., Environmental and

Natural Resources Policy Division,

Library of Congress, 103d Cong., 1st

Sess., A Legislative History of the Clean

Air Act Amendments of 1990, at 10729–

33 (Comm. Print 1993) (statement of

Sen. Coats)), the relationship between

the requirements (e.g., H.R. Rep. No.

490, 101st Cong., 2d Sess., pt. 1, at 303–

304 (1990)), and the costs imposed by

the controls (e.g., Legislative History,

supra, at 4837, 4843 (statement of Sen.

Chafee)). Moreover, Congress recognized

that the Stage II and onboard

requirements of sections 182(b)(3) and

202(a)(6) would produce substantial

toxics benefits:

Both Stage II and onboard are designed to

capture emissions from refueling of mobile

sources. They capture emissions of benzene,

a known carcinogen, and other toxic

pollutants (S. Rep. No. 231, at 23).

Two other benefits attributable to Stage II

systems are reduced human exposure to

toxics compounds and increased safety (S.

Rep. No. 228, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. 40

(1989)).

Onboard systems also reduce human

exposure to toxic pollution (S. Rep. No. 228,

at 94).

See also Legislative History, supra, at

5617–18 (statement of Sen. Baucus); S.

Rep. 231, at 137, 460.

Congress’ intent to comprehensively

address refueling emissions from

gasoline dispensing stations through

stage II and onboard requirements is

clearly illustrated by the focused

regulatory scheme provided in those

provisions, by the prolonged and

detailed debate on the issue, and by the

recognition that sections 182(b)(3) and

202(a)(6) control toxics. Imposition of a

section 112 standard upon that unique

arrangement would frustrate Congress’

intent to control emissions from

refueling through the comprehensive

regulatory structure anticipated by

sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6).

To be sure, other types of emission

sources are subject to regulation under

more than one provision of the Act. For

example, an industrial facility may have

both section 110 State implementation

plan requirements and section 112 air

toxics standards. In those situations,

sources become subject to multiple

requirements because Congress

constructed those parts of the Act to

allow for overlapping coverage. Sections

110 and 112 are intended to apply

broadly to a wide range of sources

without excluding the application of

other general requirements. In the case

of evaporative losses from vehicle

refueling, however, Congress required

stage II and onboard as controls

specifically focused on regulating the

emissions from a single type of emission

point after significant and lengthy

discussion and after recognizing that

those controls accomplish the goals of

section 112. The unique structure and

history of sections 182(b)(3) and

202(a)(6) indicate Congress’ intent to

strike a balance between burdens on

gasoline station owners and refiners and

to achieve a uniform, comprehensive

regulatory approach to control of

refueling emissions. By contrast, the

remainder of the Act contemplates the

application of multiple provisions to

sources.

Recognition of Congress’ plan to

control refueling emissions through

stage II and onboard, rather than

through MACT, does not affect the

public health. As mentioned above,

Congress understood that the emission

reductions achieved by sections

182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6) will be

comparable to those achieved by a

standard under section 112. The

onboard controls yield a 95 percent

emissions reduction over uncontrolled

levels. Due to fleet turnover, 90 percent

of light duty vehicles are expected to be

equipped with onboard controls by

2015. Once it is fully phased in,

onboard will achieve that level of

control for 97 percent of new vehicles

and 94 percent of refueling emissions.

That will lead to reductions of VOC and

HAP emissions of 300,000 to 400,000

tons per year. Imposition of a section

112 standard on refueling would not be

likely to achieve greater reductions.

More information about stage II and

onboard can be obtained at EPA’s

Internet web site (http://www.epa.gov/

OMSWWW/gopher/Regs/LD-hwy/

Onboard/orvrq&a.txt).

B. Defining ‘‘Subject to Standards’’

The focus of the regulations under

section 112(d) has been to initially

develop standards for emissions of air

toxics based on the MACT available for

each industry source category emitting

HAP. Section 112(c)(6) specifically

states that sources that account for 90

percent of emissions of section 112(c)(6)

specific pollutants be subject to

standards under section 112(d)(2) or

112(d)(4). It is important to recognize

that in making sources ‘‘subject to

standards,’’ the language of section

112(c)(6) does not specify either a

particular degree of emissions control or

a reduction in these specific pollutants’

emissions to be achieved by such

regulations. Rather, specific control

requirements are set as referenced in

section 112(d)(2) and (d)(4).

In the next phase of section 112

programs (under section 112(f)), EPA

will evaluate the necessity of further

emissions reductions in order ‘‘to

provide an ample margin of safety to

protect public health . . . or to

prevent, taking into consideration costs,

energy, safety, and other relevant

factors, an adverse environmental

effect.’’ These latter determinations will

rely on information required by the

1990 Amendments to the Act or

gathered since they were passed. For

example, the Dioxin Reassessment

Study, the Great Waters Report to

Congress, and the Mercury Report to

Congress, represent extensive

assessments of the health effects and the

potential exposure of humans and the

environment to the pollutants identified

in section 112(c)(6). This information

will be used in future decisions

regarding the imposition of health-based

emission reductions.

1. Section 112(d)(2)

Section 112(d)(2) standards are based

on the maximum level of control,

defined in section 112(d)(3) as the

‘‘maximum degree of reduction in

emissions that is deemed achievable’’

(i.e., MACT), as determined by the bestperforming 12 percent of sources within

the source category for existing sources.

Section 112(d)(2) provides for measures

that (a) reduce the volume or eliminate

emissions of HAP through process
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices 17845

changes, substitution of materials or

modifications; (b) enclose systems or

processes to eliminate HAP emissions;

(c) collect, capture, or treat HAP when

released from a process, stack, storage,

or fugitive emissions point; (d) are

design, equipment, work practice, or

operational standards (including

requirements for operator training or

certification); or (e) are a combination of

the above.

Many source categories, which have

been identified as ones that account for

the emissions of the various section

112(c)(6) pollutants, have previously

been listed for section 112(d)(2)

regulation and appear on the source

category list promulgated for section

112(c)(1) (57 FR 31576, July 16, 1992; 61

FR 28197, June 4, 1996). These

standards are at varying phases of

completion, and, for many, analysis has

not yet been initiated. In developing the

basis for today’s action, EPA relied on

the best available information. However,

as EPA recognizes, and many

commenters have noted, many

uncertainties remain concerning the

accuracy of its identification of source

categories and estimates of emissions.

As the Agency proceeds to develop

appropriate emission standards, it will

necessarily develop improved source

category-specific information, which

may affect the estimates of total

emissions, the percentage of emissions

subject to standards, allocation of

emissions within a source category to

major and area sources, and source

categories for which standards need to

be developed. As it proceeds to develop

these standards and associated

information, EPA intends to further

evaluate this information against its

obligation to assure that sources

accounting for not less than 90 percent

of emissions are subject to standards. In

accordance with section 112(c)(6), EPA

is ultimately responsible for adopting

regulations to meet the 90 percent

requirement.

In cases where regulatory

development has proceeded to a point

such that data are sufficient to estimate

the portion of the emissions from a

given source category that will be

subject to the regulation, such an

estimate was made. For instance, if a

section 112(d)(2) standard will apply

only to sources determined to be major

as defined in section 112(a), then only

the fraction of the total source category

emissions that are estimated from major

sources would be counted as subject to

standards. For example, the section

112(d)(2) standard for stage I gasoline

distribution (40 CFR part 63, subpart R,

promulgated December 14, 1994) only

regulates major sources, which account

for 10 percent of emissions from that

source category. As a result, the section

112(c)(6) analysis only credits 10

percent of the emissions (refer to Table

2).

2. Section 112(d)(4)

Congress provided in section

112(d)(4) that EPA could, at its

discretion, develop risk-based standards

for HAP ‘‘for which a health threshold

has been established,’’ provided that the

standard achieves an ‘‘ample margin of

safety.’’ The full text of the provision

reads:

With respect to pollutants for which a

health threshold has been established, the

Administrator may consider such threshold

level, with an ample margin of safety, when

establishing emission standards under this

subsection.

A determination that a threshold

exists has not been made for alkylated

lead, POM, hexachlorobenzene (HCB),

polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s),

2,3,7,8-TCDF, or 2,3,7,8-TCDD.

Therefore, section 112(d)(4) authority

has not been, and cannot yet be, used

to regulate the emissions of any of these

pollutants.

The EPA has established a reference

dose (RfD) for methyl mercury and a

reference concentration (RfC) for

inorganic mercury, but section 112(d)(4)

has not been used in regulating the

emissions of these mercury compounds.

Regulation based on these mercury

thresholds is difficult because EPA lacks

a method to link deposition or ambient

concentrations to exposure

concentrations for these pollutants. (A

more detailed discussion of section

112(d)(4) appears in the draft listing

Federal Register notice.)

3. Section 129

Some source categories identified as

contributors to the estimates of

emissions of section 112(c)(6) pollutants

are not currently listed for regulation

under section 112(d)(2), but are subject

to section 129 standards.

Because section 129 provides for a

substantively equivalent level of control

as section 112(d)(2) and because section

129(h)(2) prohibits subjecting solid

waste incinerators to both section 129

and section 112(d) standards, the

Agency believes that it is appropriate to

include section 129 as a regulatory

instrument equivalent to section

112(d)(2). The EPA further believes that

listing source categories for section

112(c)(6) that are already covered under

section 129 would lead to a redundant

regulatory effort and would produce no

additional environmental benefit. The

EPA is, therefore, crediting the

emissions of section 112(c)(6) pollutants

from section 129 source categories as

subject to standards under section

112(c)(6). A more complete discussion

of section 129 standards and

comparison to section 112(d)(2)

standards is provided in the draft listing

Federal Register notice.

Some section 129 standards are being

developed as part of the ICCR. The ICCR

is based on the authority of sections 112

and 129. Each of the ICCR source

categories will be subject to either

section 112 or 129 authority (as noted in

Table 2) depending on the materials the

source category burns (a conventional

fuel or a waste product). This project

was discussed in detail in the draft

listing notice. Source categories

previously identified in the draft notice

as ICCR standards have been modified

to identify whether they will be subject

to section 112 or section 129 in

conjunction with the ICCR. These

identifications of section 112 and 129

standards may change as EPA

determines whether combustion devices

used at these sources burn ‘‘fuel’’ or

‘‘waste.’’ Additional information about

the ICCR is available on the EPA TTN

or at the ICCR Main Menu on the

Internet (http://ttnwww.rtpnc.epa.gov).

When accessing the World Wide Web

site, select ‘‘TTN BBS Web’’ from the

first menu, then select ‘‘Gateway to

Technical Areas’’ from the second

menu, and, finally, select ‘‘ICCRIndustrial Combustion Coordinated

Rulemaking’’ from the third menu.

C. Regulatory Coverage for Section

112(c)(6) Pollutants

Table 2 provides a summary of the

source categories that emit section

112(c)(6) HAP and the percentage of

emissions attributable to each category.

Note that as described in section IV.A.,

only the sources that EPA believes are

appropriate for regulation under section

112 are included in this analysis. Table

1 shows the full emissions inventory.

In Table 2, the percent contributions

of source categories that are eligible for

section 112(d) standards (and, therefore,

included in the section 112(c)(6)

analysis) are summed for each pollutant

in order to identify those section

112(c)(6) pollutants that do not have at

least 90 percent of emissions subject to

standards. Those section 112(c)(6)

pollutants at or above the 90 percent

level are: POM (as defined by EOM),

2,3,7,8-TCDD, mercury, PCB’s, and

HCB. These pollutants do not appear, at

this time, to require the listing of any

additional source categories for future

rulemaking.

Based on the 1990 baseline emissions

inventory, the 90 percent subject to

standards requirement is not met for the
17846 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

following pollutants: POM (as defined

by 7-PAH), POM (as defined by 16-

PAH), and alkylated lead. For these

pollutants, additional source categories

will have to be identified to attain the

90 percent level. These additional

source categories are being listed under

section 112(c)(6) for section 112(d)(2) or

(d)(4) standards development. As noted

earlier, these listings, as presented now,

are based on the best information that is

currently available. Given the above

mentioned uncertainties, however, EPA

recognizes that the list may be subject

to change. Hence, the EPA anticipates

that it may, in the future, amend the list

of source categories published in today’s

notice, in order to fulfill the

requirement to subject sources

accounting for 90 percent of the

emissions of the section 112(c)(6) HAP

to standards. For example, as EPA

evaluates a particular source category, it

may find that area sources contribute

insignificantly to the emissions of POM

and regulation would not be necessary

to attain the 90 percent requirement. In

such a situation, EPA may find it

appropriate to take credit for regulation

of the major sources only. As better

estimates of emissions are developed

during the MACT development process,

EPA intends to evaluate this

information against its obligation to

assure that sources accounting for 90

percent of emissions are subject to

standards. Any future evaluation of the

90 percent requirement would have to

be based on 1990 emissions in order to

maintain consistency.

V. Source Categories That Require

Listing as a Result of the Section

112(c)(6) Analysis

A review of the available data

indicates that a substantial majority of

source categories emitting section

112(c)(6) pollutants have already been

listed for regulation under section

112(d)(2) or are subject to regulation

under equivalent authorities. Based on

EPA’s current information, in order to

meet the section 112(c)(6) requirement

to assure that the sources of at least 90

percent of the aggregate emissions of

each specific HAP are subject to

standards, the following source

categories require such listing: Open

burning of scrap tires and gasoline

distribution, leaded aviation fuel. The

source category, wood treatment and

preservation, had appeared in the draft

listing Federal Register notice, but has

been removed from consideration for

this list. Comments were submitted that

significantly reduced the emissions

estimates for this source category, as

well as changes that affected estimates

of other source category emissions,

resulting in a lower percent contribution

from this source category and in its

removal from this listing.

This listing under section 112(c)(6)

identifies source categories for which

standards under section 112(d)(2) or

(d)(4) will be developed, but by itself

does not automatically result in

regulation or control of emissions from

sources within these source categories.

The EPA will perform further analyses

on emissions and control methods for

the listed source categories. This

regulatory development analysis will

determine any ultimate regulatory

requirements.

A summary of the reasons for each of

the above source category’s inclusion

follows.

—Open burning of scrap tires: Although

data submitted in response to the

draft listing package resulted in a

significant reduction in the emissions

estimate for this source category, it

still accounts for a significant portion

of POM emissions in the section

112(c)(6) analysis (14.3 percent

defined as 7–PAH, and 3.4 percent

defined as 16–PAH). Subjecting

emissions from this source to

standards will bring the percentage of

7–PAH emissions that are subject to

standards up to the level of 99.3

percent, and 16–PAH emissions up to

the level of 90.2 percent.

The EPA realizes that scrap tires are

not routinely burned in the open as part

of agricultural or industrial processes

and that these sources are different from

facilities designed for the incineration of

scrap tires. There are numerous storage

piles of scrap tires across the country

created through legal and illegal

practices. These storage piles are often

set on fire by arson, accident, or natural

causes (lightning). Some states and

organizations have created rules and

guidelines designed to reduce and

eventually eliminate the fire threat

posed by stockpiled tires. The EPA will

consider these efforts in developing a

section 112(d)(2) standard for this

source category. These emissions

involve inadvertent and incidental

releases of emissions rather than

discharges as a direct result of process

operations; as such it is analogous to the

incidental but significant release of

emissions through process leaks or from

solvent-laden cleaning rags. The EPA

believes it can subject these sources to

standards in a fashion similar to its

approach to other sources from which

significant emissions could result from

unsafe or ineffective work management

practices.

—Gasoline distribution, aviation fuel:

This category, consists of evaporative

losses from the transfer and storage of

leaded aviation fuel, and aircraft

refueling and associated spillage. Note

that these emissions are associated

with fuel containing alkylated lead,

commonly referred to as aviation gas,

and used primarily in general aviation

aircraft. This is not the same as

commercial jet fuel. This source

category accounts for 81.3 percent of

the 1990 base year inventory.

However, since leaded gasoline has

been banned for use in motor vehicles

since the 1990 inventory estimate,

this source category accounts for the

only known remaining emissions of

alkylated lead. Thus listing this

source category will subject 100

percent of current alkylated lead

emissions to standards.

VI. Regulatory Requirements

A. General

Today’s notice is not a rule; it is

essentially a housekeeping or

maintenance activity which does not

impose regulatory requirements or costs

on any sources, including small

businesses. Therefore, the EPA has not

prepared an economic impact analysis

pursuant to section 317 of the Act, nor

a regulatory flexibility analysis pursuant

to the Regulatory Flexibility Act (Pub. L.

96–354, September 19, 1980), nor a

budgetary impact statement pursuant to

the Unfunded Mandates Act of 1995.

Also, this notice does not contain any

information collection requirements

and, therefore, is not subject to the

Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C.

3501 et seq.

B. Executive Order 12866 and Office of

Management and Budget (OMB) Review

Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR

51735; October 4, 1993), the Agency

must determine whether a regulatory

action is ‘‘significant’’ and therefore

subject to OMB review and the

requirements of the Executive Order.

The Order defines ‘‘significant’’

regulatory action as one that is likely to

lead to a rule that may either: (1) Have

an annual effect on this economy of

$100 million or more, or adversely and

materially affect a sector of the

economy, productivity, competition,

jobs, the environment, public health or

safety, or State, local or tribal

governments or communities; (2) create

a serious inconsistency or otherwise

interfere with an action taken or

planned by another agency; (3)

materially alter the budgetary impact of

entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan

programs or the rights and obligations of

recipients thereof; or (4) raise novel

legal or policy issues arising out of legal

mandates, the President’s priorities, or
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices 17847

the principles set forth in the Executive

Order.

Pursuant to the terms of Executive

Order 12866, this is not a ‘‘significant

regulatory action’’ within the meaning

of the Executive Order. This notice was

submitted to OMB for review. Any

written comments from OMB and

written EPA responses are available in

the docket.

C. Small Business Regulatory

Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996

Today’s action is not a rule subject to

notice-and-comment requirements and

is thus not subject to the Small Business

Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of

1996. In addition, as mentioned above,

this notice merely lists categories of

sources and does not impose any

regulatory requirements. Consequently,

this notice will not have any economic

impact on small entities.

D. Submission to Congress and the

Comptroller General

The Congressional Review Act, 5

U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small

Business Regulatory Enforcement

Fairness Act of 1996, does not apply

because this action is not a rule, as that

term is defined in 5 U.S.C. 804(3).

Dated: April 3, 1998.

Richard D. Wilson,

Acting Assistant Administrator for Air and

Radiation.

TABLE 1.—SUMMARY OF 1990 EMISSION INVENTORY DATA FOR SECTION 112(C)(6) POLLUTANTS (TONS/YR)

Source category

POM 2,3,7,8-

TCDD

TEQ

Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated

lead 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM

Abrasive Grain (Media) Manufacturing ............................... .................. 2.48e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Adhesives and Sealants (SICs combined) ......................... .................. 4.18e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Aerospace Industry (Surface Coating) ............................... .................. 1.64e+03 .................. .................. 4.00e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Agricultural Chemicals ........................................................ .................. 9.03e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Asphalt Hot-Mix Production ................................................ 9.40e¥02 4.37e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Asphalt Roofing Production ................................................ 1.68e+00 4.36e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Battery Production .............................................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.00e¥02 .................. .................. ..................

Blast Furnace and Steel Mills ............................................. .................. 4.99e+02 .................. .................. 2.50e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Carbamate Insecticides Production .................................... .................. 4.08e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Carbon Black Production .................................................... 4.50e¥01 4.33e+00 .................. .................. 2.50e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Carbon Reactivation Furnaces ........................................... .................. .................. .................. 1.25e¥07 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Chemical Manufacturing: Cyclic Crude and Intermediate

Production ....................................................................... .................. 1.04e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Chemical Preparations (SICs combined) ........................... .................. 6.79e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Chloralkali Production ......................................................... .................. 4.52e+00 .................. .................. 9.80e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Chlorinated Solvents Production ........................................ .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 5.81e¥01 ..................

Chromium Plating: Chromic Anodizing ............................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.50e¥03 .................. .................. ..................

Cigarette Smoke ................................................................. 5.20e¥01 3.45e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Clay Refractories ................................................................ .................. 5.00e¥01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Cleaning Products (SICs combined) .................................. .................. 1.38e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Coke Ovens: By-Product Recovery Plants ........................ .................. 7.78e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Coke Ovens: Charging, Topside & Door Leaks ................. 7.18e+01 5.39e+02 6.79e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching & Battery Stacks ......... 3.01e+01 5.17e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Commercial Coal Combustion ............................................ 3.60e+01 1.73e+02 2.74e+03 .................. 7.77e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Commercial Natural Gas Combustion ................................ .................. 3.00e¥02 1.92e+03 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Commercial Oil Combustion ............................................... 3.16e¥02 5.33e+01 1.32e+03 .................. 2.00e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Commercial Printing, Gravure ............................................ .................. 2.89e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Commercial Printing, Letterpress and Screen ................... .................. 1.04e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Commercial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion ................. 1.01e+00 3.58e+01 1.95e+03 .................. 8.00e¥03 .................. .................. ..................

Consumer Products Usage ................................................ .................. 5.73e+03 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Crematories ........................................................................ 1.42e¥08 8.33e¥06 .................. 9.15e¥12 3.77e¥04 .................. .................. ..................

Custom Compound Purchased Resins Manufacture ......... .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.28e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Dental Preparation and Use ............................................... .................. .................. .................. 8.00e¥01 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Drum and Barrel Reclamation ............................................ 1.27e¥06 8.19e¥05 .................. 2.51e¥07 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Electronic and Other Electric Equipment Manufacturing

(SICs combined) ............................................................. .................. 3.05e+01 .................. .................. 8.83e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Fabricated Metal Products .................................................. .................. 1.43e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Fabricated Rubber Products ............................................... .................. 1.48e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Ferroalloy Manufacture ....................................................... 2.60e¥01 5.60e¥01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Fiber Cans, Drums, and Similar Products .......................... .................. 5.06e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Fluorescent Lamp Recycling .............................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 6.00e¥03 .................. ..................

Food Products (SICs combined) ........................................ .................. 3.54e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Gasoline Distribution (Aviation) .......................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 3.75e¥01

Gasoline Distribution (Stage I) ........................................... .................. 3.55e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 8.64e¥02

Gasoline Distribution (Stage II) .......................................... .................. 3.74e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.92e¥02

General Laboratory Activities ............................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 8.00e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Geothermal Power .............................................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.30e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Gum and Wood Chemical .................................................. .................. 5.00e¥01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Hazardous Waste Incineration ........................................... 2.09e¥02 1.75e¥01 .................. 3.30e¥05 3.20e+00 2.78e¥02 .................. ..................

Industrial Coal Combustion ................................................ 3.09e+00 1.57e+02 2.41e+03 .................. 2.20e+01 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Gases Manufacturing .......................................... .................. 9.43e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Inorganic Chemicals Manufacturing ................... .................. 1.57e+01 .................. .................. 1.00e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Machinery and Electrical Equipment (SICs combined) .............................................................................. .................. 2.77e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Natural Gas Combustion .................................... .................. 2.00e¥02 9.28e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Oil Combustion ................................................... 3.07e¥02 5.09e+01 4.94e+02 .................. 5.80e+00 4.97e¥05 .................. ..................

Industrial Organic Chemicals Manufacturing ...................... .................. 2.27e+02 .................. .................. 2.00e¥02 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Stationary IC Engines—Diesel ........................... 8.93e¥02 5.02e+00 1.93e+03 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Stationary IC Engines—Natural Gas .................. 1.03e+00 4.76e+01 .................. .................. 4.47e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Turbines—Diesel Fired ....................................... .................. 1.55e¥02 1.73e+03 .................. 9.00e¥02 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Turbines: Natural Gas Fired ............................... .................. 1.38e+01 7.39e+02 .................. 1.61e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Waste Oil Combustion ........................................ 1.34e+00 7.82e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion ...................... 1.21e+00 6.88e+01 4.42e+04 5.07e¥05 2.03e¥01 .................. .................. ..................
17848 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

TABLE 1.—SUMMARY OF 1990 EMISSION INVENTORY DATA FOR SECTION 112(C)(6) POLLUTANTS (TONS/YR)—Continued

Source category

POM 2,3,7,8-

TCDD

TEQ

Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated

lead 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM

Inorganic Pigments Manufacturing ..................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 5.00e¥03 .................. .................. ..................

Instrument Manufacturing ................................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 5.00e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Iron and Steel Foundries .................................................... 6.00e¥02 1.90e¥01 .................. 1.15e¥05 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Lamp Breakage .................................................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.50e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Landfill (Gas) Flares ........................................................... 1.05e¥03 4.45e¥01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Lightweight Aggegate Kilns ................................................ .................. .................. .................. 3.60e¥06 3.10e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Lime Manufacturing ............................................................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 7.00e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Lubricating Oils and Grease ............................................... .................. 6.00e¥02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Medical Waste Incineration ................................................ .................. 8.00e¥01 1.50e+01 6.60e¥04 5.00e+01 4.03e¥02 .................. ..................

Metal Household Furniture ................................................. .................. 2.50e¥03 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Miscellaneous Manufacturing ............................................. .................. 6.58e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Miscellaneous Plastics Products ........................................ .................. 5.76e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Municipal Waste Combustion ............................................. .................. 9.67e¥02 1.82e+02 3.65e¥03 5.50e+01 8.01e¥02 .................. ..................

Naphthalene—Miscellaneous Uses .................................... .................. 1.25e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Naphthalene Production ..................................................... .................. 6.46e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Naphthalene Sulfonates Production ................................... .................. 6.53e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Non-Road Vehicles and Equipment (NRVE)—Aircraft ....... 9.00e¥02 4.79e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Nonmetallic Mineral Products ............................................. .................. 2.50e–03 .................. .................. 5.00e–03 .................. .................. ..................

NRVE—Other ..................................................................... 2.40e+01 4.70e+01 2.51e+04 .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.66e¥01

Office Furniture, Except Wood Manufacturing ................... .................. 6.45e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

On-Road Vehicles ............................................................... 3.44e+01 7.59e+01 5.62e+04 9.50e¥05 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Open Burning of Scrap Tires .............................................. 5.25e+01 2.94e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Other Biological Incineration ............................................... .................. .................. 1.05e+00 1.60e¥04 .................. 2.49e¥03 .................. ..................

Other Miscellaneous (SICs combined) ............................... .................. 1.45e+00 .................. .................. 2.50e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Other Secondary Nonferrous Metals Recovery ................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.50e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Other Structural Clay Products ........................................... .................. 5.60e¥01 .................. .................. 1.10e¥01 .................. .................. ..................

Paints and Allied Products ................................................. .................. 3.07e+01 .................. .................. 7.50e¥03 .................. .................. ..................

Paper Coated and Laminated, Packaging ......................... .................. 5.54e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Partitions and Fixtures ........................................................ .................. 4.35e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Pesticides Application ......................................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.46e¥01 ..................

Pesticides Manufacture ...................................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 4.58e¥01 ..................

Petroleum Refining: All Processes ..................................... 1.64e+01 1.10e+03 .................. .................. 4.35e¥02 .................. .................. ..................

Pharmaceutical Preparations and Manufacturing (SICs

combined) ........................................................................ .................. 7.66e¥01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Phthalic Anhydride Production ........................................... .................. 2.62e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Plastic Foam Products Manufacturing ................................ .................. 1.10e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Plastics Material and Resins Manufacturing ...................... .................. 8.55e+00 .................. .................. 4.00e¥03 .................. .................. ..................

Porcelain Electrical Supplies .............................................. .................. 2.08e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Portland Cement Manufacture: Hazardous Waste Kilns .... 2.08e+00 1.26e+01 .................. 4.75e¥04 2.75e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Portland Cement Manufacture: Non-Hazardous Waste

Kilns ................................................................................. 2.60e+00 4.79e+01 .................. 4.29e-05 4.13e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Primary Aluminum Production ............................................ 1.41e+02 6.62e+02 3.88e+03 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Primary Copper Production ................................................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 7.40e-01 .................. .................. ..................

Primary Lead Smelting ....................................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.30e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Primary Metal Products Manufacturing (SICs combined) .. .................. 2.69e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Public Building and Related Furniture ................................ 1.16e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Pulp and Paper—Kraft Recovery Furnaces ....................... 3.74e+00 6.49e+02 3.42e¥07 1.90e+00 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Pulp and Paper—Lime Kilns .............................................. 2.50e-01 1.83e+02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Pulp and Paper—Sulfite Recovery Furnaces ..................... 6.17e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Residential Coal Combustion ............................................. 3.19e+01 1.03e+02 2.34e¥04 6.00e¥01 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Residential Natural Gas Combustion ................................. 8.02e¥02 5.10e+00 4.14e+03 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Residential Oil Combustion ................................................ 1.70e+00 2.10e+01 1.47e+03 3.78e¥06 3.00e+00 .................. .................. ..................

Residential Wood Combustion ........................................... 5.72e+02 8.86e+03 2.36e+05 3.38e¥05 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Scrap or Waste Tire Combustion ....................................... 2.17e¥05 5.18e¥03 3.00e¥07 1.04e¥03 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Secondary Aluminum Smelting .......................................... 1.90e¥04 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Secondary Copper Smelting ............................................... .................. .................. 6.80e¥06 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Secondary Lead Smelting .................................................. 1.90e¥02 6.99e+01 4.25e¥06 1.13e¥02 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Secondary Mercury Production .......................................... .................. .................. 7.52e¥01 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Sewage Sludge Incineration ............................................... 8.67e¥03 1.64e+00 2.65e¥05 1.80e+00 5.12e¥03

Ship Building and Repair (Surface Coating) ...................... 1.44e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Surface Active Agents Manufacturing ................................ 7.41e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Textiles (SICs Combined) ................................................... 9.68e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Tire Manufacturing .............................................................. 7.00e+00 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 4.35e¥01 ..................

Transportation Equipment Manufacturing (SICs combined) .............................................................................. 5.16e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Utility Coal Combustion ...................................................... 2.10e¥01 7.55e+00 3.86e+04 1.10e¥04 5.10e+01 6.80e¥01 .................. ..................

Utility Natural Gas Combustion .......................................... 6.90e¥01 1.00e+03 1.60e¥03 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Utility Oil Combustion ......................................................... 5.00e¥02 5.70e¥01 5.31e+02 7.00e¥06 2.50e¥01 1.49e¥04 .................. ..................

Utility Turbines—Diesel Fired ............................................. 3.00e¥02 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Wildfires and Prescribed Burning ....................................... 9.64e+02 2.54e+03 9.50e¥05 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing ......................... 1.13e+01 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Wood Treatment/Wood Preserving .................................... 9.04e+01 3.80e¥0 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Total Emissions (tons/yr) ......................................... 1995.80 26476.54 428035.05 0.0059 234.59 0.16 2.30 0.65
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices 17849

TABLE 2.—1990 ANTHROPOGENIC STATIONARY SOURCE CATEGORY PERCENTAGE CONTRIBUTIONS AND ASSOCIATED

REGULATIONS

Source category

POM 2,3,7,8-

TCDD

TEQ

Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated

lead

Applicable

regulation 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM

Source Categories Subject to

Regulation

Percent contribution

Aerospace Industry (Surface Coating) {Subject to regulations is

100% of total values}.

18.838 .................. .................. 2.226 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Asphalt Hot-Mix Production ............. 0.026 0.502 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Asphalt Roofing Production ............. 0.458 0.501 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Blast Furnace and Steel Mills .......... .................. 5.732 .................. .................. 0.139 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Chemical Manufacturing: Cyclic

Crude and Intermediate Production.

.................. 1.195 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Chloralkali Production ...................... .................. 0.052 .................. .................. 5.453 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Chlorinated Solvents Production ...... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 39.417 .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Chromium Plating: Chromic Anodizing {Subject to Regulation is

100% of total values}.

.................. .................. .................. .................. 0.001 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Coke Ovens: By-Product Recovery

Plants.

.................. 0.894 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Coke Ovens: Charging, Topside &

Door Leaks.

19.570 6.191 1.043 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching &

Battery Stacks.

8.204 5.934 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Commercial Printing, Gravure

{Subject to Regulation is 99.35%

of total values}.

.................. 0.330 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Fabricated Metal Products ............... .................. 1.643 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Gasoline Distribution (Stage I)

{Subject to Regulation is 10% of

total values}.

.................. 0.408 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.873 Sec. 112(d)(2).

Hazardous Waste Incineration ......... 0.006 0.002 .................. 0.616 1.781 17.721 .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Industrial Organic Chemicals Manufacturing {Subject to Regulation is

98.91% of total values}.

.................. 2.579 .................. .................. 0.011 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Lightweight Aggregate Kilns ............ .................. .................. .................. 0.067 0.173 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Naphthalene Production ................... .................. 0.742 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Paints and Allied Products ............... .................. 0.353 .................. .................. 0.004 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Paper Coated and Laminated, Packaging................... 0.636 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Pesticides Manufacture .................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 31.072 .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Petroleum Refining: All Processes

{Subject to Regulation is 97.55%

of total values}.

4.360 12.326 .................. .................. 0.024 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Phthalic Anhydride Production ......... .................. 0.301 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Plastic Foam Products Manufacturing................... 1.264 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Portland Cement Manufacture: Hazardous Waste Kilns.0.567 0.145 .................. 8.873 1.530 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Portland Cement Manufacture: NonHazardous Waste Kilns.0.709 0.550 .................. 0.801 2.297 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Primary Aluminum Production ......... 38.431 7.604 5.953 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Pulp and Paper—Kraft Recovery

Furnaces.

1.019 7.455 .................. 0.006 1.057 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Pulp and Paper—Lime Kilns ............ 0.068 2.102 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Secondary Aluminum Smelting ........ .................. .................. .................. 3.549 .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Secondary Lead Smelting ................ 0.005 0.803 .................. 0.079 0.006 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Ship Building and Repair (Surface

Coating) {Subject to Regulation is

94.41% of total values}.

.................. 0.156 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Tire Manufacturing ........................... .................. 0.080 .................. .................. .................. .................. 29.512 .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Transportation Equipment Manufacturing (SICs combined)................... 0.593 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing {Subject to Regulation is

97.9% of total values}.

.................. 0.127 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Medical Waste Incineration .............. .................. 0.009 0.023 12.329 27.824 25.689 .................. .................. Sec. 129.

Municipal Waste Combustion .......... .................. 0.001 0.280 68.183 30.606 51.042 .................. .................. Sec. 129.

Commercial Coal Combustion ......... 9.812 1.984 4.214 .................. 0.432 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

Commercial Oil Combustion ............ 0.009 0.612 2.020 .................. 0.111 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

Commercial Wood/Wood Residue

Combustion b.

0.275 0.411 2.989 .................. 0.004 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

Industrial Coal Combustion .............. 0.842 1.803 3.704 .................. 12.253 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

Industrial Oil Combustion ................. 0.008 0.584 0.759 .................. 3.228 0.032 .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

Industrial Stationary IC Engines—

Diesel.

0.024 0.058 2.963 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

Industrial Stationary IC Engines—

Natural Gas.

0.281 0.547 .................. .................. 2.487 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR).
17850 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

TABLE 2.—1990 ANTHROPOGENIC STATIONARY SOURCE CATEGORY PERCENTAGE CONTRIBUTIONS AND ASSOCIATED

REGULATIONS—Continued

Source category

POM 2,3,7,8-

TCDD

TEQ

Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated

lead

Applicable

regulation 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM

Industrial Wood/Wood Residue

Combustion b.

0.330 0.790 67.883 0.947 0.113 .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

Total % Contribution for Sources

Subject to Regulation.

85.003 86.834 91.829 95.452 91.762 94.484 100.000 1.873

112(c)(6) Source Categories for

Listing

Percent contribution

Gasoline Distribution (Aviation) ........ .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 81.266

Open Burning of Scrap Tires ........... 14.309 3.377 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Total % Contribution for 112(c)(6)

Source Categories for Listing.

14.309 3.377 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 81.266

Cumulative % Contribution Total ..... 99.313 90.211 91.829 95.452 91.762 94.484 100.000 83.140

Other Source Categories that Are

Candidates for Listing

Percent contribution

Abrasive Grain (Media) Manufacturing................... 0.285 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Adhesives and Sealants (SICs combined) a.

.................. 0.048 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Agricultural Chemicals a .................... .................. 0.104 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Battery Production ............................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.011 .................. .................. ..................

Carbamate Insecticides Production a .................. 0.047 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Carbon Black Production a ............... 0.123 0.050 .................. .................. 0.139 .................. .................. ..................

Carbon Reactivation Furnaces ........ .................. .................. .................. 0.002 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Chemical Preparations (SICs combined)................... 0.078 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Clay Refractories a ............................ .................. 0.006 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Cleaning Products (SICs combined) .................. 0.016 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Commercial Natural Gas Combustion a.

.................. <0.001 2.950 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Commercial Printing, Gravure {Not

Subject to Regulation is 0.65% of

total values}.

.................. 0.002 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Commercial Printing, Letterpress a ... .................. 0.119 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Crematories a .................................... <0.001 <0.001 .................. <0.001 <0.001 .................. .................. ..................

Custom Compound Purchased Resins Manufacture................... .................. .................. .................. 0.071 .................. .................. ..................

Dental Preparation and Use ............ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.445 .................. .................. ..................

Drum and Barrel Reclamation ......... <0.001 <0.001 .................. 0.005 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Electronic and Other Electric Equipment Manufacturing (SICs combined).

.................. 0.350 .................. .................. 0.491 .................. .................. ..................

Fabricated Rubber Products ............ .................. 1.700 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Ferroalloy Manufacture a .................. 0.071 0.006 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Fiber Cans, Drums, and Similar

Products.

.................. 0.058 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Fluorescent Lamp Recycling ............ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.003 .................. .................. ..................

Food Products (SICs combined) a .... .................. 0.041 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Gasoline Distribution (Stage I) {Not

Subject to Regulation is 90% of

total value}.

.................. 3.670 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 16.86

General Laboratory Activities ........... .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.445 .................. .................. ..................

Geothermal Power ........................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.723 .................. .................. ..................

Gum and Wood Chemical a .............. .................. 0.006 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Gases Manufacturing ....... .................. 0.108 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Inorganic Chemicals Manufacturing................... 0.180 .................. .................. 0.556 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Machinery and Electrical

Equipment (SICs combined) a.

.................. 0.032 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Natural Gas Combustion a .................. <0.001 1.425 .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Organic Chemicals Manufacturing {Not Subject to Regulation is 1.19% of total values}.

.................. 0.028 .................. .................. <0.001 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Turbines—Diesel Fired a ... .................. <0.001 2.658 .................. 0.050 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Turbines—Natural Gas

Fired a.

.................. 0.159 1.135 .................. 0.896 .................. .................. ..................

Industrial Waste Oil Combustion a .... 0.365 0.090 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Inorganic Pigments Manufacturing .. .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.003 .................. .................. ..................

Instrument Manufacturing ................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.278 .................. .................. ..................

Iron Foundries a ................................ 0.016 0.002 .................. 0.215 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Lamp Breakage ................................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.835 .................. .................. ..................

Landfill (Gas) Flares a ....................... <0.001 0.005 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Lime Manufacturing a ........................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.390 .................. .................. ..................

Lubricating Oils and Grease a .......... .................. 0.001 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Metal Household Furniture a ............. .................. <0.001 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Miscellaneous Manufacturing ........... .................. 0.076 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices 17851

TABLE 2.—1990 ANTHROPOGENIC STATIONARY SOURCE CATEGORY PERCENTAGE CONTRIBUTIONS AND ASSOCIATED

REGULATIONS—Continued

Source category

POM 2,3,7,8-

TCDD

TEQ

Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated

lead

Applicable

regulation 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM

Miscellaneous Plastics Products a .... .................. 0.066 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Naphthalene—Miscellaneous Uses a .................. 0.014 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Naphthalene Sulfonates Production a .................. 0.075 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Nonmetallic Mineral Products .......... .................. <0.001 .................. .................. 0.003 .................. .................. ..................

Office Furniture, Except Wood Manufacturing a.

.................. 0.074 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Other Biological Incineration a .......... .................. .................. 0.002 2.989 .................. 1.585 .................. ..................

Other Miscellaneous (SICs combined).

.................. 0.017 .................. .................. 0.139 .................. .................. ..................

Other Secondary Nonferrous Metals

Recovery.

.................. .................. .................. .................. 0.139 .................. .................. ..................

Other Structural Clay Products a ...... .................. 0.006 .................. .................. 0.061 .................. .................. ..................

Partitions and Fixtures a ................... .................. 0.050 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Petroleum Refining: All Processes

{Νot Subject to Regulation is

2.45% of total value}.

0.110 0.310 .................. .................. 0.001 .................. .................. ..................

Pharmaceutical Preparations and

Manufacturing (SICs combined) a.

.................. 0.009 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Plastics Material and Resins Manufacturing a.

.................. 0.098 .................. .................. 0.002 .................. .................. ..................

Porcelain Electrical Supplies ............ .................. 0.024 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Primary Copper Production a ............ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.412 .................. .................. ..................

Primary Lead Smelting a ................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.723 .................. .................. ..................

Primary Metal Products Manufacturing (SICs combined)................... 0.309 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Public Building and Related Furniture a.

.................. 0.133 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Pulp and Paper—Sulfite Recovery

Furnaces a.

.................. 0.071 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Scrap or Waste Tire Incineration a ... <0.001 <0.001 .................. 0.006 .................. 0.666 .................. ..................

Secondary Copper Smelting ............ .................. .................. .................. 0.127 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Secondary Mercury Production ........ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.418 .................. .................. ..................

Sewage Sludge Incineration a .......... 0.002 0.019 .................. 0.495 1.002 3.265 .................. ..................

Ship Building and Repair (Surface

Coating) {Not Subject to Regulation is 5.59% of total value}.

.................. 0.009 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Surface Active Agents Manufacturing a.

.................. 0.085 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Textiles (SICs Combined) a .............. .................. 0.111 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing {Not Subject to Regulation is 2.1% of total value}.

.................. 0.003 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

Wood Treatment/Wood Preserving .. .................. 1.038 .................. 0.710 .................. .................. .................. ..................

Total % Contribution for Other

Source Categories that are

Candidates for Listing.

0.687 9.789 8.171 4.548 8.238 5.516 0.000 16.860

aSource categories for which major sources are listed for regulation under section 112(c)(1), but for which the EPA is not counting emissions toward the section

112(c)(6) 90 percent goal. These source categories emit minor amounts of 112(c)(6) HAPs, and, as such, although the major sources in the source category will be

regulated under section 112(d)(2), as already planned, the area sources will not. bAt this time, it is unclear as to whether this source category will be regulated as section 112 or section 129 authority.

TABLE 3.—CROSS-REFERENCE BETWEEN SECTION 112(c)(6) INVENTORY OF SOURCES AND APPLICABLE REGULATIONS

112(c)(6) Category Applicable

regulation 112 Source Category Names a

Adhesives and Sealants ....... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Manufacture of Paints, Coatings, and Adhesives.b

Aerospace Industry (Surface

Coating).

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Aerospace Industries.

Agricultural Chemicals .......... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... 4-Chloro-2-Methylphenoxyacetic Acid Production, 2,4-D Salts and Esters Production,

4,6-Dinitro-o-Cresol Production, Butadiene-Furfural Cotrimer Production, Captafol Production, Captan Production, Chloroneb Production, Chlorothalonil Production, Dacthal

(tm) Production, Sodium Pentachlorophenate Production, Tordon (tm) Acid Production.b

Asphalt Hot-Mix Production .. Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Asphalt Concrete Manufacturing.

Asphalt Roofing Production .. Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Asphalt Roofing Manufacturing.

Blast Furnace and Steel Mills Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Integrated Iron and Steel Manufacture.

Carbamate Insecticides Production.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... 4-Chloro-2-Methylphenoxyacetic Acid Production, 2,4-D Salts and Esters Production,

4,6-Dinitro-o-Cresol Production, Butadiene-Furfural Cotrimer Production, Captafol Production, Captan Production, Chloroneb Production, Chlorothalonil Production, Dacthal

(tm) Production, Sodium Pentachlorophenate Production, Tordon (tm) Acid Production.

Carbon Black Production ...... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Carbon Black Production.
17852 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

TABLE 3.—CROSS-REFERENCE BETWEEN SECTION 112(c)(6) INVENTORY OF SOURCES AND APPLICABLE REGULATIONS—

Continued

112(c)(6) Category Applicable

regulation 112 Source Category Names a

Chemical Manufacturing: Cyclic Crude and Intermediate Production.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Chloralkali Production ........... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Chlorine Production.

Chlorinated Solvents Production.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Chromium Plating: Chromic

Anodizing.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Chromic Acid Anodizing.

Clay Refractories ................... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Chromium Refractory Production.c

Coke Ovens: By-Product Recovery Plants.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Coke By-Product Plants.

Coke Ovens: Charging, Topside & Door Leaks.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Coke Ovens: Charging, Top Side, and Door Leaks.

Coke Ovens: Pushing,

Quenching & Battery

Stacks.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and Battery Stacks.

Commercial Printing, Gravure Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Printing/Publishing (Surface Coating).

Commercial Printing, Letterpress and Screen.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Printing/Publishing (Surface Coating).

Fabricated Metal Products .... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaning.

Ferroalloy Manufacture ......... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Ferroalloys Production.

Food Products ....................... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Vegetable Oil Production.

Gasoline Distribution (Stage

I).

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Gasoline Distribution (Stage 1).

Gum and Wood Chemical ..... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Hazardous Waste Incineration.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Hazardous Waste Incineration.

Industrial Machinery and

Electrical Equipment.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (Surface Coating), Semiconductor Manufacturing, Halogenated Solvent Cleaning.

Industrial Organic Chemicals

Manufacturing.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Iron Foundries ....................... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Iron Foundries.

Lightweight Aggregate Kilns Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Hazardous Waste Incineration.

Lime Manufacturing ............... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Lime Manufacturing.

Lubricating Oils and Grease Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Organic Liquids Distribution (Non-Gasoline), Petroleum Refineries.

Metal Household Furniture .... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Metal Furniture (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaners.

Miscellaneous Plastics Products.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Plastic Parts and Products (Surface Coating).

Naphthalene—Miscellaneous

Uses.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Naphthalene Production ........ Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Naphthalene Sulfonates Production.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Office Furniture, Except

Wood Manufacturing.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Metal Furniture (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaners.

Other Structural Clay Products.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Clay Products Manufacturing.

Paints and Allied Products .... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Manufacture of Paints, Coatings, and Adhesives.b

Paper Coated and Laminated, Packaging.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Printing/Publishing (Surface Coating), Paper and Other Webs (Surface Coating).

Partitions and Fixtures .......... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Metal Furniture (Surface Coating), Wood Furniture (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaners, Flat Wood Paneling, Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (Surface

Coating), Plastic Parts and Products (Surface Coating).

Pesticides Manufacture ......... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... 4-Chloro-2-Methylphenoxyacetic Acid Production, 2,4-D Salts and Esters Production,

4,6-Dinitro-o-Cresol Production, Butadiene-Furfural Cotrimer Production, Captafol Production, Captan Production, Chloroneb Production, Chlorothalonil Production, Dacthal

(tm) Production, Sodium Pentachlorophenate Production, Tordon (tm) Acid Production.

Petroleum Refining: All Processes.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Petroleum Refineries—Other Sources Not Distinctly Listed, Petroleum Refineries—Catalytic Cracking (Fluid and other) Units, Catalytic Reforming Units, and Sulfur Plant

Units.

Pharmaceutical Preparations

and Manufacturing.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Pharmaceuticals Production.

Phthalic Anhydride Production.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Plastic Foam Products Manufacturing.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Flexible Polyurethane Foam Production.
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices 17853

TABLE 3.—CROSS-REFERENCE BETWEEN SECTION 112(c)(6) INVENTORY OF SOURCES AND APPLICABLE REGULATIONS—

Continued

112(c)(6) Category Applicable

regulation 112 Source Category Names a

Plastics Material and Resins

Manufacturing.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Acetal Resins Production, Alkyd Resins Production, Amino Resins Production, Boat

Manufacturing, Carboxymethylcellulose Production, Cellophane Production, Cellulose

Ethers Production, Maleic Anhydride Copolymers Production, Methylcellulose Production, Phenolic Resins Production, Polyester Resins Production, Polymerized Vinylidene Chloride Production, Polymethyl Methacrylate Resins Production, Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsions Production, Polyvinyl Alcohol Production, Polyvinyl Butyral Production,

Polyvinyl Chloride and Copolymers Production, Reinforced Plastic Composites Production, Epoxy Resins Production and Non-Nylon Polyamides Production, Polyether

Polyols Production, Group I Polymers and Resins, Group IV Polymers and Resins:

acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin (ABS), styrene acrylonitrile resin (SAN), methyl

methacrylate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin (MABS), methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene resin (MBS), polystyrene resin, poly (ethylene terephthalate) resin

(PET), and nitrile resin.b

Portland Cement Manufacture: Hazardous Waste

Kilns.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Hazardous Waste Incineration.

Portland Cement Manufacture: Non-Hazardous

Waste Kilns.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Portland Cement Manufacturing.

Primary Aluminum Production Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Primary Aluminum Production.

Primary Copper Production ... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Primary Copper Smelting.

Primary Lead Smelting .......... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Primary Lead Smelting.

Public Building and Related

Furniture.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Metal Furniture (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaners, Wood Furniture (Surface Coating).

Pulp and Paper—Kraft Recovery Furnaces.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Pulp and Paper Production.

Pulp and Paper—Lime Kilns Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Pulp and Paper Production.

Pulp and Paper—Sulfite Recovery Furnaces.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Pulp and Paper Production.

Secondary Aluminum Smelting.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Secondary Aluminum Production.

Secondary Lead Smelting ..... Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Secondary Lead Smelting.

Sewage Sludge Incineration Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Sewage Sludge Incineration.

Ship Building and Repair

(Surface Coating).

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Shipbuilding and Ship Repair (Surface Coating).

Surface Active Agents Manufacturing.Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Textiles .................................. Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Printing, Coating, and Dyeing of Fabrics.

Tire Manufacturing ................ Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Tire Production.

Transportation Equipment

Manufacturing.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (Surface Coating), Auto and Light Duty Truck

(Surface Coating), Shipbuilding and Ship Repair (Surface Coating), Boat Manufacturing, Halogenated Solvent Cleaners.

Wood Household Furniture

Manufacturing.

Sec. 112(d)(2) ........... Wood Furniture (Surface Coating).

Medical Waste Incineration ... Sec. 129 .................... Medical Waste Incineration.

Municipal Waste Combustion Sec. 129 .................... Municipal Waste Combustion.

Commercial Coal Combustion.Sec. 112 (ICCR) ........ Institutional/Commercial Boilers.d

Commercial Natural Gas

Combustion.

Sec. 112 (ICCR). ....... Institutional/Commercial Boilers.d

Commercial Oil Combustion Sec. 112 (ICCR). ....... Institutional/Commercial Boilers.d

Commercial Wood/Wood

Residue Combustion.

Sec. 112 (ICCR). ....... Institutional/Commercial Boilers.d

Industrial Coal Combustion ... Sec. 112 (ICCR). ....... Industrial Boilers.d

Industrial Natural Gas Combustion.Sec. 112 (ICCR). ....... Industrial Boilers.d

Industrial Oil Combustion ...... Sec. 112 (ICCR). ....... Industrial Boilers.d

Industrial Stationary IC Engines—Diesel.Sec. 112 (ICCR) ........ Stationary Internal Combustion Engines.d

Industrial Stationary IC Engines—Natural Gas.Sec. 112 (ICCR) ........ Stationary Internal Combustion Engines.d

Industrial Turbines—Diesel

Fired.

Sec. 112 (ICCR) ........ Stationary Turbines.d

Industrial Turbines: Natural

Gas Fired.

Sec. 112 (ICCR) ........ Stationary Turbines.d

Industrial Waste Oil Combustion.Sec. 112 (ICCR). ....... Industrial Boilers.d

Industrial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion.Sec. 112 (ICCR) ........ Industrial Boilers.d

Landfill (Gas) Flares .............. Sec. 112 (ICCR). ....... Municipal Landfills.d
17854 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

TABLE 3.—CROSS-REFERENCE BETWEEN SECTION 112(c)(6) INVENTORY OF SOURCES AND APPLICABLE REGULATIONS—

Continued

112(c)(6) Category Applicable

regulation 112 Source Category Names a

Crematories ........................... Sec. 129 (ICCR) ........ Crematories.d

Other Biological Incineration Sec. 129 (ICCR) ........ Other Biological Incineration.d

Scrap or Waste Tire Incineration.Sec. 129 (ICCR) ........ Scrap or Waste Tire Incineration.d

a 112 Source Category Names were from the National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Revision of List of Categories of Sources and Schedule for Standards Under

Section 112 of the Clean Air Act, Federal Register Notice, February 12, 1998 pages 7155–7166. bThe reader is referred to a November 7, 1996 Federal Register Notice (61 FR 57602) which concerns the anticipated listing action involving the subsumption of a number of source

categories into one source category, called the Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Processes source category. Each of the anticipated subsumed categories are scheduled for standards promulgation no later than November 15, 2000; thus, the new source category would be also scheduled for that regulatory time frame. cSource category ‘‘chromium refractory production’’ will be expanded to become ‘‘refractories production.’’

dThe Industrial Combustion Coordinated Rulemaking (ICCR) is to regulate various combustion sources by consolidating authorities under sections 112 and 129. The section 112 categories are: combustion turbines, reciprocating internal combustion engines, process heaters, institutional/commercial boilers, and industrial boilers; while the section 129 categories are: industrial/commercial incinerators and other solid waste incinerators.

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P
Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices 17855

[FR Doc. 98–9557 Filed 4–9–98; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6560–50–C
DRAFT – Do Not Cite or Quote (September 2008) 

Estimated Mercury Emissions from 

 Gold Mining Production Processes in 1990 

I. Introduction and Background: 

The initial EPA mercury emissions inventory for year 1990 developed for the 

112(c)(6) project in the mid-1990s (U.S. EPA 1998) as well as other inventories that EPA 

published about the same time (e.g., U.S. EPA, 1997) had no estimate of mercury 

emissions from gold mining production processes, largely because of lack of data and 

information on mercury emissions from these processes during the 1990 timeframe. 

In about the 1998-2000 timeframe, data and estimates became available for 

mercury emissions from gold mining production processes in the U.S.A., partly due to 

the lowering of the reporting limit for mercury under the U.S. EPA’s Toxics Release 

Inventory (TRI) from 10,000 pounds to 10 pounds per year for reporting year 2000 (U.S. 

EPA, 2000a). Available information indicates that about 7 to 11 tons of mercury were 

emitted per year from this industry in the U.S.A. during the 1999-2001 timeframe (U.S. 

EPA 2006, U.S. EPA, 2000b, Nevada DEP, 2003). 

In the 1990 timeframe, about 294,000 kg of gold were produced in the U.S. 

(USGS, 2006). The 1990 gold production was about 16% lower than the gold production 

in 1999, which was about 341,000 kg (USGS, 2006). As explained further below, 

because of the different ore types and processes used in 1990 compared to 1999 (and 

more recent years), and because of the lower overall gold production rates, mercury 

emissions in 1990 were also lower than mercury emissions in 1999-2001 timeframe. 

In 1999 (and more recent years), there were three large facilities in Nevada 

(Barrick Goldstrike, Newmont Gold Quarry, and Jerritt Canyon) that operated high 

temperature roasters to treat non-oxide ores (sulfidic and/or carbonaceous ores). These 

three facilities emitted an estimated total of about 8 tons of mercury in 2001 according to 

baseline data for the Nevada Voluntary Reduction Program (Nevada DEP, 2003; 

Queenstake, 2004). The roasters are a major source of mercury emissions from gold 

production facilities. Other potential mercury emissions sources at gold mines include 

other thermal processes, such as refineries, autoclaves, electrowinning cells, carbon 

regeneration kilns, and retorts. Nonetheless, roasters have the greatest potential for 

mercury emissions (Jones and Miller, 2005; and Booz and Allen, 2001). 

In the 1990 timeframe, Barrick Goldstrike and Newmont Gold Quarry did not 

have roasters, thus the mercury emissions from those 2 facilities were probably much 

lower at that time. Jerritt Canyon introduced a roasting circuit in 1989 to process 

refractory ores (sulfidic and carbonaceous ores). With ores becoming more carbonaceous 

and refractory as well as with the introduction of higher-grade ore from underground 

operations, a dry mill with an ore roasting circuit was added in 1989 and continued 
operation up to the present time (Queenstake Resources, 2007; Yukon-Nevada Gold 

Corp., 2007). Roasting has been used at Jerritt Canyon since 1989 to process gold mine 

ore (Warnica, et. al., 2002). We believe that the only roasters in operation in 1990 in the 

U.S. were at Jerritt Canyon. Based on available information, we understand that 2 

roasters were in operation at Jerritt Canyon in year 1990 and also in more recent years 

(e.g., 1998 to 2007). 

Nevertheless, as described above, overall mercury emissions in U.S. from this 

sector in 1990 were likely notably lower than the emissions during the 1999-2001 

timeframe because less ore was roasted in 1990 in the U.S.A. compared to 1999-2001 

timeframe. Furthermore, there was about 16% less gold production (and therefore less 

overall ore processing and resulting mercury emissions) in 1990 compared to the 1999-

2001 timeframe. 

II. General Approach to Estimate Mercury Emissions for year 1990: 

Since there were no 1990 emissions data for gold mining production processes, 

we estimated the 1990 mercury emissions from this sector by first calculating an 

emissions factor for facilities that do not have roasters using more recent emissions data 

(from 2004-05 timeframe) along with gold production data (also from the 2004-05 

timeframe) and then applying the emission factor to the 1990 production and processing 

scenarios. The most complete data available to calculate such an emissions factor are 

data for years 2004-05, which are primarily based on the following: 1. responses to a 

questionnaire that the State of Nevada DEP sent to all gold and silver production facilities 

in Nevada in 2006; and 2. responses to a similar questionnaire that U.S. EPA sent to 

seven facilities outside Nevada in 2006. 

The questionnaires were designed to gather information on processes, production 

rates, mercury emissions, controls, and other relevant data. Responses to the 

questionnaires provided useful data and information to help characterize processes and 

mercury emissions from the industry for the 2004-05 timeframe, and provided data that 

could be used to calculate an emissions factor to be applied to the 1990 scenario for 

facilities that did not have roasters. Some data from the U.S. EPA’s Toxics Release 

Inventory (TRI) were also used in the calculations. 

With regard to the one facility (Jerritt Canyon) that had roasters in 1990, it is 

unclear how much ore was processed through the roasters in 1990. However, available 

information indicates that ore was processed through the roasters in 1990 at Jerritt 

Canyon (Queenstake Resources, 2007; Yukon-Nevada Gold Corp., 2007, Warnica, et. al., 

2002). With regard to gold production, data on gold production rates for 1989 to 2004 

are shown in table 2. Jerritt produced 323000 ounces of gold in 1990 (Nevada Bureau of 

Mines and Geology, 1994). Table 2 also presents estimated mercury emissions for Jerritt 

Canyon for years 1998 to 2004. No reported emissions estimates are available for the 

1989 to 1997 timeframe for Jerritt Canyon. 
 In 2001, Jerritt Canyon installed controls (a hypochlorite injection system) to 

reduce mercury emissions. Therefore, we believe that emissions estimates from some 

time period before 2001 should be used to calculate an emissions factor for the 1990 

timeframe for Jeritt. Based on emissions reporting under the Nevada Voluntary Mercury 

Reduction (VMRP) program, emissions tests were conducted on the roasters in 2000 

(Queenstake Resources, 2004). We are not aware of similar emissions testing for 1998 or 

1999. We assume the emissions estimates for 1998 and 1999 are largely based on 

engineering calculations (not tests) and therefore we believe that those estimates are 

probably less accurate than the 2000 estimates. Therefore, of the data available, we 

believe that data from year 2000 are the most appropriate to calculate an emissions factor 

to be applied to the 1990 timeframe for Jerritt Canyon. Therefore, as described below, 

we developed an emissions factor for Jerritt using gold production rates and mercury 

emissions estimates from year 2000. 

III. Method to Calculate Emissions: 

 

Step 1. We calculated an average mercury emissions factor for gold mining 

production processes in U.S.A. that did not use roasters. Our calculation was based 

on data on gold production rates and mercury emissions for 17 facilities without 

roasters for the 2004-05 timeframe. We used primarily data these facilities provided 

in responses to either Nevada DEP’s or US EPA’s questionnaire. We also used some 

data from the TRI for a few of these facilities. 

 

Step 2. We assumed that gold mining production processes (processes used, ore 

types, controls, emissions, etc.) in U.S.A. in 1990 that did not use roasters were on 

average similar to such processes in 2004-05 timeframe. 

Step 3. We assumed that Jerritt Canyon was the only mining production processing 

company that operated a roaster in 1990. Therefore, we applied the average 

emissions factor (calculated in step #1 above) for facilities without roasters to the 

total gold production in the U.S.A. in 1990, excluding production by Jerritt Canyon. 

Step 4. We calculated an emissions factor (EF) for Jerritt Canyon using emissions 

estimates and gold production rates for Jerritt Canyon from year 2000. The 

emissions factor was calculated in units of pounds of mercury emissions per ounce of 

gold produced. This EF was multiplied by gold production rates for 1990 to estimate 

mercury emissions from Jerritt Canyon in 1990. 

IV. Emissions Factor Development and Uncertainty: 

The data and calculations to derive an average mercury emissions factor for 

facilities without roasters are shown in table 1. As shown in table 1, the estimated 

average mercury emissions factor for 17 facilities without roasters in 2004-05 timeframe 

was 0.000289 pounds of mercury emissions per ounce of gold produced (0.000289 lbs 

Hg/oz gold). 
There are some uncertainties in this emissions factor (EF) because many of the 

emissions estimates that were used in the calculations are based on engineering 

calculations and not actual emissions tests. Also, there are uncertainties with applying 

this EF to the 1990 timeframe because the number and type of gold production facilities 

and mercury concentrations in the ores may have been somewhat different in 1990 

compared to the 2004-05 timeframe. Nevertheless, we believe that the EF shown above 

is a reasonable emissions factor for estimating mercury emissions from gold mines in the 

U.S. for the 1990 timeframe for facilities that do not have roasters. 

The data and calculations to derive an EF for Jerritt Canyon are shown in table 2. 

As shown in table 2, the average mercury emissions factor for Jerritt Canyon for the year 

2000 is 0.02 lbs Hg/oz gold. We believe that this EF is a reasonable emissions factor for 

estimating approximate mercury emissions from Jeritt Canyon for the 1990 timeframe. 

V. Gold Production rates in 1990: 

1. Total gold production in U.S.A. in 1990 from all mines is estimated as 10,348,800 

ounces (or 294,000 kg) (USGS, 2006). 

 2. Gold Production by Jerritt Canyon in 1990 is estimated as 323,000 oz (NDM, 

1991). 

VI. Calculations to Estimate total Mercury Emissions for 1990 in U.S.A.: 

1. Total gold production in U.S.A. in 1990 from all gold mining production 

processes (except Jerritt Canyon) was approximately 10,025,800 ounces. 

2. We estimate that the total mercury emissions in 1990 for all gold mining 

production processes (except Jerritt Canyon) is equal to the Emissions Factor 

(0.000289 lbs Hg/oz gold) multiplied by the amount of Gold Production in 1990 

except production from Jerritt Canyon (10,025,800 oz gold). The estimated total 

mercury emissions in 1990 (except emissions from Jerritt Canyon) is 2897 lbs (or 

about 1.4 tons). 

3. With regard to Jerritt Canyon, in 1990 Jerritt Canyon produced 323,000 ounces of 

gold. As shown in table 2, the emissions factor for Jerritt in year 2000 is 0.02 lbs 

Hg/oz gold. We assume that this EF represents a reasonable emissions rate for the 

1990 timeframe. Therefore, to derive an emissions estimate for 1990 for Jerritt 

Canyon, we multiply the EF (0.02 lbs Hg/oz gold) times gold production amount for 

1990 (323000 ounces), which equals 6460 pounds (or about 3 tons). Thus, we 

estimate that Jerritt Canyon emitted about 3 tons of mercury in 1990. 
4. We estimate the total mercury emissions from all gold mining production 

processes in U.S.A. for 1990 by adding the emissions from all processes except 

Jerritt Canyon (1.4 tons) and emissions from Jerritt Canyon (3 tons). The estimated 

total mercury emissions from all gold mining production processes in 1990 is 4.4

tons. 

VI. Overall Conclusion: 

Total Mercury Emissions from all gold mines in U.S.A. for year 1990 are 

estimated to be 4.4 tons. 

References: 

Booz and Allen, 2001. Draft Mercury Mass Balance and Emissions Factor Estimates for 

Gold Ore Processing Facilities. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 

Region 9. Prepared by Booz Allen & Hamilton, Inc. January 14, 2001. 

Booz and Allen, 2002. Multi-State Inventory of Gold Ore Processing Facilities. 

Prepared for U.S. EPA. Region 9. February 28, 2002. 

GOLDSHEET Mining Directory - World Gold Production, available 

at: http://www.goldsheetlinks.com/production.htm

df

Jones and Miller, 2005. Mercury and Modern Gold Mining in Nevada. Final Report to 

U.S. EPA Region IX. By Greg Jones and Glenn Miller of University of Nevada. 

October 24, 2005. 

NMA, 2007. National Mining Association, 2007. Gold and Silver Statistics. Available 

at: http://www.nma.org/statistics/pub_gold_silver.asp 

NDM, 1991. Nevada Department of Minerals, 1991. Major Mines of Nevada 1990. 

Nevada DEP, 2003. 2003 Report on Success of Voluntary Mercury Reduction Program 

(VMRP) with Nevada Gold Mines October 2004. Available 

at: http://www.epa.gov/docs/region09/toxic/mercury/goldmine.p

Nevada Geology, 2001. Quarterly Newsletter of the Nevada Bureau of Mines and 

Geology. Nevada’s Mineral Production in 2000. Nevada's Mineral Production in 2000. 

November 2001. Available at: http://www.nbmg.unr.edu/dox/nl/nl38.htm 

Queenstake, 2004. Summary Report on the Voluntary Mercury Air Emission Reduction 

Program. Submitted to Colleen Cripps, Deputy Administrator, Nevada Division of 

Environmental Protection (DEP). July 27, 2004. 
Queenstake Resources, 2007. Jerritt Canyon History. Available 

at: http://www.queenstake.com/jerritthistory.php

U.S. EPA, 1997. Mercury Study Report to Congress. December 1997. U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/mercury/ 

U.S. EPA, 1998. 1990 Emissions Inventory of Section 112(c)(6) Pollutants. Final 

Report. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 

27711. April 1998, available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/112c6/112c6pg.html

U.S. EPA, 2000a. Toxics Release Inventory Reporting Requirements. Persistent 

Bioaccumulative Toxic (PBT) chemicals. 40 CFR 370.28, 64 FR 58666. 

U.S. EPA, 2000b. Toxics Release Inventory. Available 

at: http://www.epa.gov/tri/tridata/tri00/index.htm

U.S. EPA, 2006. EPA’s Roadmap for Mercury. July 2006. Available at: 

http://www.epa.gov/mercury/roadmap.htm 

USGS, 2006. United States Geological Survey. Gold Statistics. April 13, 2006. 

Available at: http://minerals.usgs.gov/ds/2005/140/gold.pdf

U.S. EPA, 2007. Evaluation of Mercury Emissions from Gold Mines in U.S.A. 

Summary of Responses to U.S. EPA Questionnaire and Nevada Questionnaire. Final 

Review Draft. August 2007. 

Warnica, et. al. 2002. David Warnica, Andy Cole, and Stanley Bunk, 2002. Design of 

Barrick Goldstrike’s Two-stage Roaster”. Mineral Processing Plant Design, Practice, and 

Control. Proceedings. Volume 2. SME. Edited by Andrew L. Mulnar, Doug N. Halbe, 

and Derek J. Barratt. October, 2002. 

Yukon-Nevada Gold Corp. 2007. Home Page. Available at website: 

http://www.yukon-nevadagold.com/s/JerrittCanyon.asp. 
Newmont Lone NV 4 9.

Draft - Table 1. Data on Gold Production and Mercury Emissions from 17 Gold Mining Production facilities that do not have Ro(in the 2004-05 timeframe) and Calculation of an Average Mercury Emissions Factor for such Facilities (July 2008).Facility name State

Ounces gold produced per (in 2004 or 200timeframe)

year 

5 

Estimated mercury emissions fo2004-05 (in pounds per y

r 

ear)

Pounds of mercury emissions peounce of golproduced

Cortez Gold Mines Mill #2 (Pipeline Mill) NV 999961 492 4.

Cripple Creek & Victor Gold Mining Company CO 329625 34.3 1.

Coeur Rochester, Inc. NV 69456 4.9 7.

Round Mountain Gold - Smoky Valley Common Oper. NV 762966 22.6 2.

Newmont Mining Corporation - Twin Creeks Mine NV 1123755 563 5.

Florida Canyon Mine NV 73082 5.52 7.Western Mesquite Mines, Inc. - Mesquite Mine CA 23818 1.2 5.

Golden Sunlight Mines, Inc. MT 88592 0.56 6.

Bald Mountain Mine (including Mooney Basin) NV 46685 53.25 1.Kennecott Greens Creek Mining Company (KGCMC) AK 60873 5.43 8.

Newmont Midas Operations NV 214538 12.97 6.Mineral Ridge Mine NV 3484 33 9.

Plum Mining Company LLC NV 2836 1.89 6.Homestake Mining Company - Ruby Hill Mine NV 1695 3 1.

Newmont Lone Tree NV 412364 4 9.

Newmont - Trenton Canyon NV 17243 1 5.Kennecott Denton Rawhide Mine NV 54757.85 2 3.

Total for all 17 mines 4285730.85 1240.62 2.

EF = Emissions FactorEF = Total Mercury Emissions divided by total gold produced = 0.000289 pounds of mercury emissions per oz gold producedReference: U.S. EPA, 2007. Evaluation of Mercury Emissions from Gold Mining Production Processes in U.S.A. Summary of  Responses to U.S. EPA Questionnaire and Nevada Questionnaire. Final Review Draft. August 2007.
2004 461 242912 0 001897807

Draft - Table 2. Jerritt Canyon Mine - Gold Production and Mercury Emissions Estimates for Years 1989 to 2004.

Year

Reported mercury 

emissions estimates (in

pounds per year)* Gold Produced (oz)

Emissions factor in 

pounds mercury 

per oz gold 

produced.

1989 NA 290000

1990 NA 323000

1991 NA 374354

1992 NA 318020

1993 NA 361820

1994 NA 326000

1995 NA 328000

1996 NA 309477

1997 NA 312015

1998 9400 347000 0.0270893371999 9400 363000 0.0258953172000 6701 334747 0.0200181032001 7991 295328 0.0270580512002 4741 338660 0.013999291

2003 790 302095 0.0026150712004 461 242912 0.001897807

Notes and References:

Emissions estimates for 1998 to 2003 are from TRI. Estimates for 2004 are based on questionaire resThe Nevada Mineral Industry - 1994 -2004. Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. Special PublicatioMI-1994, MI-1998, MI-1999, MI-2000, MI-2001, MI-2002, MI-2003, MI-2004.