# Appendix 7.3

Emissions Inventory Technical DocumentationAppendix 7.3 2002 Emissions Inventory Technical Doc umentation

This appendix contains a summary of the 2002 emissi ons inventory improvements developed by CENRAP and its contractors as part of the development of a baseline inventory for the 2002 modeling inventory. This do cument refers back to three reports prepared by Sonoma Technology, Inc. (STI), a contra ctor retained to develop and improve various inventory categories, which dealt w ith:

• Planned burning emissions inventory

• Ammonia inventory

• Mobile source and fugitive dust emissions inventory

Planned Burning Emissions Inventory

Agricultural and prescribed burning activities, ref erred to as planned burning, likely contribute to episodes of impaired visibility in th e CENRAP region. STI developed planned burning emissions inventories for the CENRA P region, including Kansas. In Kansas, planned burning is an important component o f the nonpoint source category, with a significant amount of emissions.

STI used a “bottom-up” approach in preparing these emissions estimates. This preparation included using the First Order Fire Eff ects Model (FOFEM), incorporating emission factors and fuel loadings gathered from pu blished literature, geographic information systems (GIS) databases of land cover a nd vegetation, and activity data gathered through telephone surveys.

In Kansas, a significant amount of the burning occu rs on rangeland and cropland. To best characterize the amounts burned, STI performed an agricultural burning survey of the county agricultural extension service offices w ithin the state. This survey included rangeland burning questions designed to determine t he fraction of rangeland acreage typically burned each year and the timing of such b urn events. Of the 105 total counties surveyed, 59 responded, which represents a 56% resp onse rate. The results of these surveys for wheat stubble and rangeland burning are represented in Figures A7.3.1 and

A7.3.2.

Assuming the responding counties comprise a represe ntative sample, these two categories, wheat stubble burning and rangeland bur ning, together represent approximately 93% of the acres burned in Kansas. A s can be seen in Table A7.3.1, these two categories also represent the majority of the b urning inventory emissions.

To view the entire STI report on planned burning vi sit http://www.kdheks.gov/bar/index.html

.Figure A7.3.1 Kansas W heat Stubble Burning Statistics, by Responding Coun tyFigure A7.3.2 Kansas Rangeland Burning Statistics, by Responding County

Table A7.3.1 Total Acres Burned in Kansas with Esti mated Annual Emissions

Ammonia Inventory

It is widely recognized that the formation of secon dary particulate matter, which is generated from chemical transformations in the atmo sphere of gaseous precursor species such as ammonia, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, an d volatile organic compounds,contributes significantly to regional haze issues i n the CENRAP region. In Kansas,

agriculture-related ammonia emissions, coming from sources such as confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and crop fertilization, are significant. Because ammonia can have an impact on the formation of secondary partic ulate species, CENRAP and Kansas spent considerable resources on developing an accur ate ammonia inventory. STI developed a comprehensive inventory for CENRAP. To view the entire STI report on

ammonia visit http://www.kdheks.gov/bar/index.html

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In Kansas, over 50% of the ammonia emissions come f rom livestock emissions, including CAFOs and free range grazing. In 2002, it is estim ated that 91,000 tons/yr of ammonia came from these two source categories. In addition , it is estimated that 65,000 tons/yr of

ammonia emissions came from fertilizer emissions. The remainder of the ammonia emissions in Kansas is from biogenic and point sour ces categories.

One of the important considerations in the developm ent of the ammonia inventory was the temporal allocation of the ammonia emissions, b oth seasonally and diurnally. STI did considerable work in developing temporal profiles f or the ammonia inventory in Kansas. These temporal profiles were then utilized during p hotochemical modeling.

Mobile source and fugitive dust emissions inventory

In Kansas, the emissions inventory for the on-road mobile and nonroad mobile source categories are fairly significant for certain pollu tants. STI prepared detailed inventories for these source categories, including refined spat ial and temporal data. Table A7.3.2 has a summary of the locomotive emissions in Kansas, wh ile Table A7.3.3 shows emissions from other nonroad source categories. There are mi nimal emissions from recreational boating in Kansas, thus it is not summarized here.

Table A7.3.2 2002 Locomotive Emissions in Kansas (t ons/yr)Table A7.3.3 2002 Nonroad Mobile Source Emissions i n Kansas by Equipment Type (tons/yr)

The final emissions category that STI analyzed deal t with direct PM 2.5 emissions from agricultural sources. These emissions come from so urces such as agricultural fugitive dust from tilling operations. In Kansas, it is est imated that there are over 50,000 tons/yr

of direct PM 2.5 emissions from agricultural tilling operations. A s was the case for ammonia emissions, the temporal distribution of the se emissions is important as they are seasonal in nature. To view the entire STI report on mobile source and fugitive dust visit http://www.kdheks.gov/bar/index.html

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