Date: September 30, 2011 

Subject: Summary of RBLC and Other Findings to Support Section 112(d)(6) 

Technology Review for Pulp and Paper NESHAP 

EPA Contract No. EP-D-07-019; Work Assignment No. 4-09 

From: Thomas Holloway 

Corey Gooden 

To: John Bradfield 

Bill Schrock 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 

Under section 112(d)(6) of the Clean Air Act (CAA), the U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA) is required to review, and revise as necessary (taking into account developments 

in practices, processes, and control technologies), the national emission standards for hazardous 

air pollutants (NESHAP) developed under section 112. The NESHAP are to be reviewed every 

8 years following the promulgation of the standards. The NESHAP for the Pulp and Paper 

Industry (40 CFR part 63, subpart S) was promulgated on April 15, 1998 and is due for a review 

under section 112(d)(6). Consequently, EPA is conducting a review of available information on 

developments in practices, processes, and control technologies that apply to sources subject to 

subpart S. The purpose of this memorandum is to present (1) results from a search of the 

RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse (RBLC) for information on air pollution control technology 

in the pulp and paper industry and (2) excerpts from a December 2010 document by the 

European Commission on best available techniques in the pulp and paper industry. 

I. RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse 

Under EPA’s New Source Review (NSR) program, if a company is planning to build a 

new plant or modify an existing plant such that air pollution emissions will increase by a large 

amount, the company must obtain an NSR permit. The NSR permit is a construction permit 

which requires the company to minimize air pollution emissions by changing the process to 

prevent air pollution and/or installing air pollution control equipment. 

The terms “RACT,” “BACT,” and “LAER” are acronyms for different program 

requirements under the NSR program. RACT, or Reasonably Available Control Technology, is 

required on sources in areas that are not meeting national ambient air quality standards (i.e., 

nonattainment areas). BACT, or Best Available Control Technology, is required on major new or 

modified sources in attainment areas. LAER, or Lowest Achievable Emission Rate, is required 

on major new or modified sources in non-attainment areas. 
2 

BACT and LAER (and sometimes RACT) are determined on a case-by-case basis, 

usually by State or local permitting agencies. EPA established the RACT/BACT/LAER 

Clearinghouse, or RBLC, to provide a central database of air pollution technology information 

(including past BACT and LAER decisions contained in NSR permits) to promote the sharing of 

information among permitting agencies and to aid in future case-by-case determinations. 

However, data in the RBLC are not limited to sources subject to RACT, BACT, and LAER 

requirements. Noteworthy prevention and control technology decisions and information are 

included even if they are not related to past RACT, BACT, or LAER decisions. 

The RBLC contains over 5,000 air pollution control permit determinations that can help 

identify appropriate technologies to mitigate most air pollutant emission streams. It was designed 

to help permit applicants and reviewers make pollution prevention and control technology 

decisions for stationary air pollution sources, and includes data submitted by several U.S. 

territories and all 50 States on over 200 different air pollutants and 1,000 industrial processes. 

The RBLC provides several options for searching the database to locate applicable 

control technologies. To identify technologies appropriate for pulp and paper production, 

searches of the RBLC were made using the Process Type field for the following Process Type 

Codes: 30.200 – Kraft Pulp & Paper Process and 30.400 – Non-Kraft Pulp & Paper Process, 

which were the only codes related to the pulp and paper industry. All records from 2000 to 2010 

were searched. We extracted both sets of data from the RBLC website and grouped similar 

subpart S process types under the emission process groups developed for the September 2011 

National Emissions Inventory (NEI) risk modeling file. (RTI 2011) 

The search identified information for 27 mills that use some type of emissions control for 

HAP compounds (e.g., methanol), total reduced sulfur (TRS) compounds (e.g., hydrogen sulfide 

[H2S]), volatile organic compounds (VOC), or other organic compounds (e.g., acetone) for their 

subpart S process. (Emissions of HAP are expected to be reduced by the same control 

technologies that reduce emissions of TRS, VOC, and other organics.) Appendix A summarizes 

the results of the RBLC search for these 27 mills, organized by emission process group. Note: 

Some of these mills have results for multiple processes. 

Bleaching VOC emissions were controlled by eliminating the use of chlorine or chlorine 

dioxide at 1 kraft pulp mill and using only hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydrosulfite, and sodium 

borohydride at 1 mechanical pulp mill. Pulping emissions of HAP, VOC, TRS, and/or acetone at 

12 kraft pulp mills were controlled by routing them to an incineration device, such as a boiler, 

lime kiln, recovery furnace, or thermal oxidizer. Wastewater VOC and TRS emissions at 2 mills 

were controlled by biodegradation or good management practices. In each of these cases, the 

information obtained through the RBLC search did not represent any practices, processes, or 

control technologies not already identified and evaluated during the original standards 

development for subpart S. 

Pulping VOC emissions were controlled at 2 mechanical pulp mills by using a 

regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) and at 1 mill by using existing fiber scrubbers/condensers. 

Papermaking VOC emissions at 14 mills were controlled by using good operating practices (for 

combustion and non-combustion sources), conducting new substance review and limiting VOC 
3 

use and content (of additives, cleaning agents, etc.), using clean water in the papermaking 

process, using best management practices for pulp washing, using carbon adsorption to collect 

and reuse VOC solvents, or limiting pulp use. Tall oil recovery system VOC emissions at 1 mill 

were controlled by venting them to a lime kiln and thermal oxidizer. Lime slaker VOC and TRS 

emissions at 1 mill were controlled by a wet scrubber. Some of the practices, processes, and 

control technologies found in the RBLC search for these processes were not identified and 

evaluated during the original standards development for subpart S and warrant further study. 

II. European Commission Document 

A general search of the Internet was conducted for information on control technologies 

applicable to pulp and paper production. The search identified a December 2010 European 

Commission document entitled Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC): Reference 

Document on Best Available Techniques in the Pulp and Paper Industry. (EC 2010) Excerpts of 

the best available techniques (BAT) from EC 2010 are presented in Appendix B of this 

memorandum. The most relevant of these techniques, relating to HAP control of subpart S 

sources, were already identified and evaluated during the original standards development for 

subpart S. 

III.References 

RTI 2011 Memorandum from T. Holloway, K. Hanks, C. Gooden, and M. Hakos, RTI, to J. 

Bradfield and B. Schrock, EPA. Inputs to the Pulp and Paper Industry September 

2011 Residual Risk Modeling. September 26, 2011. 

EC 2010 European Commission. Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC): 

Reference Document on Best Available Techniques in the Pulp and Paper 

Industry. December 2010.
Appendix A 

Summary of RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse Search Results for Process Type Codes 

30.200 and 30.400 (Kraft/Non-Kraft Pulp & Paper Processes) 
A-1 

Appendix A. Summary of RACT/BACT/LAER Clearinghouse Search Results for Process Type Codes 3

RBLCID 

CORPORATE_OR_ 

COMPANY_NAME FACILITY_NAME 

FACILITY_ 

COUNTY 

FACILITY_ 

STATE PROCESS_ NAME POLLUTANT 

OK-0112 FORT JAMES OPERATING CO MUSKOGEE MILL MUSKOGEE OK PULPING SYSTEM 5 Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

ED

WI-0205 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

WHITING MILL PORTAGE WI MECHANICAL PULP 

BLEACHING, P35, S35 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

PHS

LA-0122 INTERNATIONAL PAPER - 

MANSFIELD MILL 

MANSFIELD MILL DE SOTO PARISH LA LIME SLAKER Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

W

LA-0122 INTERNATIONAL PAPER - 

MANSFIELD MILL 

MANSFIELD MILL DE SOTO PARISH LA LIME SLAKER Sulfur, Total 

Reduced (TRS) 

W

LA-0207 INTERNATIONAL PAPER CO MANSFIELD MILL DESOTO LA LIME SLAKER 

(EQT014) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

W

LA-0207 INTERNATIONAL PAPER CO MANSFIELD MILL DESOTO LA LIME SLAKER 

(EQT014) 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

W

TX-0485 INLAND PAPERBOARD AND 

PACKAGING INC 

INLAND PAPERBOARD AND PACKAGING ORANGE MILL 

ORANGE TX NO. 1/NO.2 SLAKER Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

BTS

LA-0201 WEYERHAEUSER CO RED RIVER MILL NATCHITOCHES LA SOFTWOOD HD 

TANK 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

CN

WI-0208 DOMTAR INDUSTRIES INC. DOMTAR NEKOOSA MILL WOOD WI KRAFT PULPING 

PROCESS, P14 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

ECWB

WI-0208 DOMTAR INDUSTRIES INC. DOMTAR NEKOOSA MILL WOOD WI KRAFT PULPING 

PROCESS, P14 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

ECWB

AR-0081 DELTA NATURAL KRAFT DELTA NATURAL KRAFT JEFFERSON AR DIGESTER Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

E

AR-0081 DELTA NATURAL KRAFT DELTA NATURAL KRAFT JEFFERSON AR DIGESTER Methanol RAR-0081 DELTA NATURAL KRAFT DELTA NATURAL KRAFT JEFFERSON AR DIGESTER Acetone RAR-0081 DELTA NATURAL KRAFT DELTA NATURAL KRAFT JEFFERSON AR DIGESTER Sulfur, Total 

Reduced (TRS) 

R
A-2 

RBLCID 

CORPORATE_OR_ 

COMPANY_NAME FACILITY_NAME 

FACILITY_ 

COUNTY 

FACILITY_ 

STATE PROCESS_ NAME POLLUTANT 

AR-0088 GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION - CROSSETT PAPER OPERATIONS 

ASHLEY AR DIGESTERS (SN-59) Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

INEFAT

AR-0088 GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION - CROSSETT PAPER OPERATIONS 

ASHLEY AR DIGESTERS (SN-59) Sulfur, Total 

Reduced (TRS) 

INEFC(F

GA-0113 INTERNATIONAL PAPER INTERNATIONAL PAPER - 

AUGUSTA MILL 

RICHMOND GA NO. 3 DIGESTER 

SYSTEM 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

CTP

LA-0205 INTERNATIONAL PAPER LOUISIANA MILL MOREHOUSE LA A & B-LINE 

DIGESTER SYSTEMS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

EIN

LA-0205 INTERNATIONAL PAPER LOUISIANA MILL MOREHOUSE LA A & B-LINE 

DIGESTER SYSTEMS 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

EIN

LA-0207 INTERNATIONAL PAPER CO MANSFIELD MILL DESOTO LA DIGESTER SYSTEMS, 

PRIMARY, SECONDARY, & SEMI-CHEMICAL 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

TIN

LA-0207 INTERNATIONAL PAPER CO MANSFIELD MILL DESOTO LA DIGESTER SYSTEMS, 

PRIMARY, SECONDARY, & SEMI-CHEMICAL 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

TIN

MS-0075 GEORGIA PACIFIC CORP. GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION, MONTICELLO MILL 

LAWRENCE MS DIGESTER SYSTEM Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

ES

AL-0237 INTERNATIONAL PAPER 

CORPERATION - COURTLAND MILL 

ID COURTLAND LAWRENECE AL NO. 3 DIGESTION 

SYSTEM 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

VIN

TN-0128 PACKAGING CORPORATION 

OF AMERICA 

COUNCE MILL HARDIN TN DIGESTERS, 

TURPENTINE RECOVERY, AND EVAPORATOR SYS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

ET

TN-0128 PACKAGING CORPORATION 

OF AMERICA 

COUNCE MILL HARDIN TN DIGESTERS, 

TURPENTINE RECOVERY, AND EVAPORATOR SYS 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

ET

FL-0254 STONE CONTAINER 

CORPORATION 

PANAMA CITY MILL/STONE CONTAINER CORP. 

BAY FL BATCH DIGESTER 

SYSTEM (21 UNITS) 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

AW
A-3 

RBLCID 

CORPORATE_OR_ 

COMPANY_NAME FACILITY_NAME 

FACILITY_ 

COUNTY 

FACILITY_ 

STATE PROCESS_ NAME POLLUTANT 

LA-0205 INTERNATIONAL PAPER LOUISIANA MILL MOREHOUSE LA EVAPORATOR 

SYSTEMS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

EIN

LA-0205 INTERNATIONAL PAPER LOUISIANA MILL MOREHOUSE LA EVAPORATOR 

SYSTEMS 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

EIN

MS-0075 GEORGIA PACIFIC CORP. GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION, MONTICELLO MILL 

LAWRENCE MS MULTIPLE-EFFECT 

EVAPORATOR SYSTEMS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

IN

MS-0075 GEORGIA PACIFIC CORP. GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION, MONTICELLO MILL 

LAWRENCE MS MULTIPLE-EFFECT 

EVAPORATOR SYSTEMS 

Hydrogen Sulfide 

IN

MS-0075 GEORGIA PACIFIC CORP. GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION, MONTICELLO MILL 

LAWRENCE MS MULTIPLE-EFFECT 

EVAPORATOR SYSTEMS 

Odor IN

AL-0237 INTERNATIONAL PAPER 

CORPERATION - COURTLAND MILL 

ID COURTLAND LAWRENECE AL NO. 3 EVAPORATION 

SYSTEM 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

V& 

LA-0207 INTERNATIONAL PAPER CO MANSFIELD MILL DESOTO LA NOS. 1 & 2 

EVAPORATOR AND CONCENTRATOR SYSTEMS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

TIN

LA-0207 INTERNATIONAL PAPER CO MANSFIELD MILL DESOTO LA NOS. 1 & 2 

EVAPORATOR AND CONCENTRATOR SYSTEMS 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

TIN

LA-0158 STONE CONTAINER 

CORPORATION 

STONE CONTAINER CORPORATION 

JACKSON PARISH LA NCG/SOG THERMAL 

OXIDIZER 

Methanol P

IN

SC-0083 WEYERHAEUSER COMPANY WEYERHEAUSER 

COMPANY-MARLBORO PAPER MILL 

MARLBORO SC INCINERATOR, NCG Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

MP

SC-0083 WEYERHAEUSER COMPANY WEYERHEAUSER 

COMPANY-MARLBORO PAPER MILL 

MARLBORO SC INCINERATOR, NCG Sulfur, Total 

Reduced (TRS) 

MS(1

MS-0075 GEORGIA PACIFIC CORP. GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION, MONTICELLO MILL 

LAWRENCE MS TURPENTINE 

RECOVERY SYSTEM 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

IN

MS-0075 GEORGIA PACIFIC CORP. GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION, MONTICELLO MILL 

LAWRENCE MS BROWN STOCK 

WASHER 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

EO
A-4 

RBLCID 

CORPORATE_OR_ 

COMPANY_NAME FACILITY_NAME 

FACILITY_ 

COUNTY 

FACILITY_ 

STATE PROCESS_ NAME POLLUTANT 

MS-0075 GEORGIA PACIFIC CORP. GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION, MONTICELLO MILL 

LAWRENCE MS BROWN STOCK 

WASHER 

Hydrogen Sulfide 

IN

MN-0041 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

STORA ENSO - DULUTH MILL 

ST. LOUIS MN PRESSURIZED 

GROUNDWOOD PULP MILL 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

RUAP

MN-0076 BLANDIN PAPER 

COMPANY/MINNESOTA POWER 

BLANDIN PAPER/RAPIDS ENERGY CENTER 

ITASCA MN PRESSURIZED 

GROUNDWOOD MILL 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

R

MN-0076 BLANDIN PAPER 

COMPANY/MINNESOTA POWER 

BLANDIN PAPER/RAPIDS ENERGY CENTER 

ITASCA MN THERMOMECHANIC

AL PULP MILL 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

R

WI-0197 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA - BIRON MILL 

SENA BIRON MILL WOOD WI P01 - THERMO 

MECHANICAL PULPING 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

B

WI-0197 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA - BIRON MILL 

SENA BIRON MILL WOOD WI P02 - THERMO 

MECHANICAL PULPING (TM-II) PROCESS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

BC

WI-0197 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA - BIRON MILL 

SENA BIRON MILL WOOD WI P03 - THERMO 

MECHANICAL PULPING (TM-III) PROCESS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

BC

WI-0214 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

SENA - NIAGARA MILL MARINETTE WI PRESSURIZED 

GROUNDWOOD PULPING (P04) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

E

WI-0215 SCA SCA TISSUE (MENASHA) WINNEBAGO WI FIBER PREP AREA, 

BLEACHING 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

TLPE

WI-0215 SCA SCA TISSUE (MENASHA) WINNEBAGO WI FIBER PREP AREA, 

DEINKING 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

TLPE

WI-0215 SCA SCA TISSUE (MENASHA) WINNEBAGO WI FIBER PREP AREA, 

WATER CLARIFICATION OPERATIONS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

TLPE

WI-0243 STORA ENSO STORA ENSO WISCONSIN 

RAPIDS PAPER MILL 

WOOD WI P83 STOCK 

PREPARATION (JACKSON MILL) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

NLM
A-5 

RBLCID 

CORPORATE_OR_ 

COMPANY_NAME FACILITY_NAME 

FACILITY_ 

COUNTY 

FACILITY_ 

STATE PROCESS_ NAME POLLUTANT 

OK-0103 WEYERHAEUSER WEYERHAEUSER -- 

VALLIANT 

MCCURTAIN OK OCC PLANTS (3) Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

G

WI-0216 APPLETON COATED LLC APPLETON COATED - 

COMBINED LOCKS MILL 

OUTAGAMIE WI PAPER MACHINE #6 

(S62A, P62A) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

LO

WI-0247 APPLETON COATED PAPERS APPLETON COATED - 

COMBINED LOCKS MILL 

OUTAGAMIE WI PROCESS P62, 

STACK S62 - PAPER MACHINE #1 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

LC(L

WI-0202 APPLETON COATED LLC COMBINED LOCKS MILL OUTAGAMIE WI PAPER MACHINE #7, 

COATINGS (P63 / S63) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

C

TN-0127 PACKAGING CORPORATION 

OF AMERICA 

COUNCE MILL HARDIN TN PAPER MACHINES Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

UO

MS-0075 GEORGIA PACIFIC CORP. GEORGIA PACIFIC 

CORPORATION, MONTICELLO MILL 

LAWRENCE MS PAPER MACHINE 

BUILDING 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

U

AR-0099 GEORGIA-PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION - CROSSETT PAPER OPERATIONS 

ASHLEY AR FINE PAPER 

MACHINE #1 AND #2 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

TRUOB

AR-0099 GEORGIA-PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION - CROSSETT PAPER OPERATIONS 

ASHLEY AR PAPER MACHINE #3 Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

TRUOB

AR-0099 GEORGIA-PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION - CROSSETT PAPER OPERATIONS 

ASHLEY AR PAPER MACHINE #4 Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

TRUOB

AR-0099 GEORGIA-PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION - CROSSETT PAPER OPERATIONS 

ASHLEY AR PAPER MACHINE #5 Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

TRUOB

AR-0099 GEORGIA-PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION - CROSSETT PAPER OPERATIONS 

ASHLEY AR PAPER MACHINE #6 Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

TRUOB
A-6 

RBLCID 

CORPORATE_OR_ 

COMPANY_NAME FACILITY_NAME 

FACILITY_ 

COUNTY 

FACILITY_ 

STATE PROCESS_ NAME POLLUTANT 

AR-0099 GEORGIA-PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION - CROSSETT PAPER OPERATIONS 

ASHLEY AR PAPER MACHINE #7 Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

TRUOB

AR-0099 GEORGIA-PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION - CROSSETT PAPER OPERATIONS 

ASHLEY AR PAPER MACHINE #8 Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

TRUOB

GA-0114 TEMPLE INLAND, INC. INLAND PAPERBOARD 

AND PACKAGING, INC. - ROME LINERBOARD MILL 

FLOYD GA KRAFT PULP MILLS - 

LINERBOARD MACHINES 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

G

WA-0303 LONGVIEW FIBRE PAPER 

AND PACKAGING, INC 

LONGVIEW FIBRE PAPER AND PACKAGING, INC 

LONGVIEW WA PAPER MACHINES Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

UPE

MI-0261 MEAD 

CORPORATION/ESCANABA PAPER COMPANY 

MEAD CORPORATION/ESCANABA PAPER COMPANY 

DELTA MI PAPER MACHINE, 

NO. 4, VALMET 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

VA

OK-0112 FORT JAMES OPERATING CO MUSKOGEE MILL MUSKOGEE OK PAPER MACHINE Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

N

OK-0112 FORT JAMES OPERATING CO MUSKOGEE MILL MUSKOGEE OK PAPER MACHINE 

COMBUSTION #11-14 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

E

WI-0215 SCA SCA TISSUE (MENASHA) WINNEBAGO WI PAPER MACHINE #1 

(S14/P40) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

LA

WI-0215 SCA SCA TISSUE (MENASHA) WINNEBAGO WI PAPER MACHINE #2 

(S15/P42) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

LA

WI-0215 SCA SCA TISSUE (MENASHA) WINNEBAGO WI PAPER MACHINE #3 

(S16/P44) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

LASUP

WI-0215 SCA SCA TISSUE (MENASHA) WINNEBAGO WI PAPER MACHINE #4 

(S18/P46) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

LASUP

WI-0197 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA - BIRON MILL 

SENA BIRON MILL WOOD WI P40 - PAPER 

MACHINE #24 W/ COATER 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

P
A-7 

RBLCID 

CORPORATE_OR_ 

COMPANY_NAME FACILITY_NAME 

FACILITY_ 

COUNTY 

FACILITY_ 

STATE PROCESS_ NAME POLLUTANT 

WI-0197 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA - BIRON MILL 

SENA BIRON MILL WOOD WI P60 - PAPER 

MACHINE #26 W/ COATER 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

P

WI-0089 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

STORA ENSO NORTH AMERICA 

WOOD WI #12 PAPER MACHINE Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

BLPL

WI-0089 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

STORA ENSO NORTH AMERICA 

WOOD WI #13 PAPER MACHINE Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

BLP

WI-0089 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

STORA ENSO NORTH AMERICA 

WOOD WI #14 PAPER MACHINE Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

BLPN

WI-0089 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

STORA ENSO NORTH AMERICA 

WOOD WI #16 PAPER MACHINE 

COMPLEX 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

BLPMN

WI-0243 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

STORA ENSO WISCONSIN RAPIDS PAPER MILL 

WOOD WI P12 (PAPER / BOARD 

MACHINE #12) 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

NV

OK-0103 WEYERHAEUSER WEYERHAEUSER -- 

VALLIANT 

MCCURTAIN OK PAPER MACHINE Volatile Organic 

Compounds (VOC) 

G

WI-0205 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

WHITING MILL PORTAGE WI PAPER MACHINE #64 

W/ IN LINE COATER 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

INC(2

WI-0200 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

WISCONSIN RAPIDS PAPER MILL 

WOOD WI P13/S13 - 

PAPERBOARD MACHINE 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

BC<0

WI-0200 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

WISCONSIN RAPIDS PAPER MILL 

WOOD WI P14/S14 - #14 PAPER 

MACHINE W/ COATERS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

BC<CS

WI-0200 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

WISCONSIN RAPIDS PAPER MILL 

WOOD WI P82 / S82 - PAPER 

MACHINE #16 W/ COATERS 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

BC<CS
A-8 

RBLCID 

CORPORATE_OR_ 

COMPANY_NAME FACILITY_NAME 

FACILITY_ 

COUNTY 

FACILITY_ 

STATE PROCESS_ NAME POLLUTANT 

MS-0075 GEORGIA-PACIFIC 

CORPORATION 

GEORGIA PACIFIC CORPORATION, MONTICELLO MILL 

LAWRENCE MS TALL OIL 

RECOVERY SYSTEM 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

IN

LA-0122 INTERNATIONAL PAPER CO MANSFIELD MILL DE SOTO PARISH LA WASTEWATER 

TREATMENT 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

B

LA-0122 INTERNATIONAL PAPER CO MANSFIELD MILL DE SOTO PARISH LA WASTEWATER 

TREATMENT 

Sulfur, Total Reduced (TRS) 

B

WI-0205 STORA ENSO NORTH 

AMERICA 

WHITING MILL PORTAGE WI WATER RENEWAL 

CENTER, P02; S02 

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) 

ON
Appendix B 

Excerpts from European Commission’s December 2010 Document 

Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC): Reference Document on Best Available 

Techniques in the Pulp and Paper Industry 
B-1 

Appendix B. Excerpts from European Commission’s December 2010 Document Integrated 

Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC): Reference Document on Best Available Techniques 

in the Pulp and Paper Industry

BAT for kraft pulp processing 

Best available techniques for kraft pulp mills are considered to be: 

 Dry debarking of wood; 

 Increased delignification before the bleach plant by extended or modified cooking and 

additional oxygen stages; 

 Highly efficient brown stock washing and closed cycle brown stock screening; 

 Elemental chlorine free (ECF) bleaching with low AOX or Totally chlorine free (TCF) 

bleaching; 

 Recycling of some, mainly alkaline process water from the bleach plant; 

 Effective spill monitoring, containment and recovery system; 

 Stripping and reuse of the condensates from the evaporation plant; 

 Sufficient capacity of the black liquor evaporation plant and the recovery boiler to cope with 

the additional liquor and dry solids load; 

 Collection and reuse of clean cooling waters; 

 Provision of sufficiently large buffer tanks for storage of spilled cooking and recovery 

liquors and dirty condensates to prevent sudden peaks of loading and occasional upsets in the 

external effluent treatment plant; 

 In addition to process-integrated measures, primary treatment and biological treatment is 

considered BAT for kraft pulp mills. 

Best available techniques for reducing emissions to air are: 

 Collection and incineration of concentrated malodorous gases and control the resulting SO2

emissions. The strong gases can be burnt in the recovery boiler, in the lime kiln or a separate, 

low NOx furnace. The flue gases of the latter have a high concentration of SO2 that is 

recovered in a scrubber. 

 Diluted malodorous gases from various sources are also collected and incinerated and the 

resulting SO2 controlled. 

 TRS emissions of the recovery boiler are mitigated by efficient combustion control and CO 

measurement; 

 TRS emissions of the lime kiln are mitigated by controlling the excess oxygen, by using lowS fuel, and by controlling the residual soluble sodium in the lime mud fed to the kiln. 

 The SO2 emissions from the recovery boilers are controlled by firing high dry solids 

concentration black liquor in the recovery boiler and/or by using a flue gas scrubber; 

 BAT is further the control of NOx emissions from the recovery boiler (i.e. ensuring proper 

mixing and division of air in the boiler), lime kiln and from auxiliary boilers by controlling 

the firing conditions, and for new or altered installations also by appropriate design; 

 SO2 emissions from auxiliary boilers are reduced by using bark, gas, low sulphur oil and coal 

or controlling S emissions with a scrubber. 
B-2 

 Flue gases from recovery boilers, auxiliary boilers (in which other biofuels and/or fossil fuels 

are incinerated) and lime kiln are cleaned with efficient electrostatic precipitators to mitigate 

dust emissions. 

BAT for sulphite pulp processing 

Best available techniques for sulphite pulp mills are considered to be: 

 Dry debarking of wood; 

 Increased delignification before the bleach plant by extended or modified cooking; 

 Highly efficient brown stock washing and closed cycle brown stock screening; 

 Effective spill monitoring containment and recovery system; 

 Closure of the bleach plant when sodium based cooking processes is being used; 

 TCF bleaching; 

 Neutralizing of weak liquor before evaporation followed by re-use of most condensate in the 

process or anaerobic treatment; 

 For prevention of unnecessary loading and occasionally upsets in the external effluent 

treatment due to process cooking and recovery liquors and dirty condensates sufficiently 

large buffer tanks for storage are considered as necessary; 

 In addition to process-integrated measures, primary and biological treatment is considered 

BAT for sulphite pulp mills. 

Best available techniques for reducing emissions to air are: 

 Collection of concentrated SO2 releases and recovery in tanks with different pressure levels; 

 Collection of diffuse SO2 releases from various sources and introducing them in the recovery 

boiler as combustion air; 

 Control of SO2 emissions from the recovery boiler(s) by use of electrostatic precipitators and 

multi-stage flue gas scrubbers and collection and scrubbing of various vents; 

 Reduction of SO2 emissions from auxiliary boilers by using bark, gas, low sulphur oil and 

coal or controlling S emissions; 

 Reduction of odorous gases by efficient collection systems; 

 Reduction of NOx emissions from the recovery boiler and from auxiliary boilers by 

controlling the firing conditions; 

 Cleaning of the auxiliary boilers flue gases with efficient electrostatic precipitators to 

mitigate dust emissions; 

 Emission optimised incineration of residues with energy recovery. 

BAT for mechanical pulping and chemi-mechanical pulping 

Best available techniques for mechanical pulp mills are considered to be: 

 Dry debarking of wood 

 Minimisation of reject losses by using efficient reject handling stages 

 Water recirculation in the mechanical pulping department 

 Effective separation of the water systems of the pulp and paper miill by use of thickeners 

 Counter-current white water system from paper mill to pulp mill depending on the degree of 

integration 
B-3 

 Use of sufficiently large buffer tanks for storage of concentrated wastewater streams from the 

process (mainly for CTMP) 

 Primary and biological treatment of the effluents, and in some cases also flocculation or 

chemical precipitation. 

Best available techniques for reducing emissions to air are: 

 Efficient heat recovery from refiners; 

 Abatement of VOC emissions from contaminated steam 

BAT for recycled fibre processing 

Best available techniques for recovered paper processing mills are considered to be: 

 Separation of less contaminated water from contaminated one and recycling of process water; 

 Optimal water management (water loop arangement), water clarification by sedimentation, 

flotation or filtration techniques and recycling of process water for different purposes; 

 Strict separation of water loops and counter-currents flow of process water; 

 Generation of clarified water for de-inking plants (flotation); 

 Installation of an equalisation basin and primary treatment; 

 Biological effluent treatment. An effective option for de-inked grades and depending on the 

conditions also for non-de-inked grades is aerobic biological treatment and in some cases 

also flocculation and chemical precipitation. Mechanical treatment with subsequent 

anaerobic-aerobic biological treatment is the preferable option for non-deinked grades. These 

mills usually have to treat more concentrated wastewater because of higher degree of water 

circuit closure; 

 Partial recycling of treated water after biological treatment. The possible degree of water 

recycling is depending on the specific paper grades produced. For non-deinked paper grades 

this technique is BAT. However, the advantages and drawbacks need to be carefully 

investigated and will usually require additional polishing (tertiary treatment); 

 Treating internal water circuits. 

Air emissions in RCF based paper mills are mainly related to plants installed for the production 

of heat and in some cases for co-generation of electricity. Saving of energy corresponds 

therefore with reduction of air emissions. The power plants are usually standard boilers and can 

be treated like any other power plants. To decrease energy consumption and air emission the 

following measures are considered as BAT: 

 Co-generation of heat and power; 

 Improving existing boilers; 

 When equipment is replaced use of less energy consuming equipment 

BAT for papermaking and related processes 

Air emissions from non-integrated paper mills are mainly related to steam boilers and power 

plants. These plants are generally standard boilers and do not differ from any other combustion 

plants. 
B-4 

In general in this sector BAT is considered to be the use of energy efficient technologies. A lot of 

options for energy saving in many stages within the manufacturing process are available. Usually 

these measures are linked with investments to replace, rebuild or upgrade process equipment. 

Energy savings can be achieved by: 

 Implementation of a system for monitoring energy usage and performance, 

 More effective dewatering of the paper web in the press section of the paper machine by 

using wide nip (shoe) pressing technologies 

 Use of other energy efficient technologies, e.g., high consistency slushing, energy efficient 

refining, twin wire forming, optimised vacuum systems, speed adjustable drives for fans and 

pumps, high efficiency electric motors, well sized electric motors, steam condensate 

recovery, increasing size press solids or exhaust air heat recovery systems 

 A reduction of direct use of steam can be achieved by careful process integration by using 

pinch analysis. 

Use of chemicals and additives 

For chemical usage, the availability of a database for all used chemicals and additives and the 

application of the principle of substitution is considered as BAT.