### From: Chuck French/RTP/USEPA/US
To: cortney_higgins@omb.eop.gov, hking@omb.gov
Cc: Amy Branning/DC/USEPA/US@EPA, Chuck French/RTP/USEPA/US@EPA, Paula VanLare/DC/USEPA/US@EPA
Date: 04/06/2010 10:21 AM Subject: Gold Mines ‐ follow

‐ up to teleconference

Hi Courtney and Heidi,
As follow

‐ up to our teleconference last week, there was a question about what happens to the liquid elemental mercury that the gold mine facilities collect from the retort and other processes. Currently, it is my understanding (based on conversations with industry) that most companies sell this mercury to metals marketing companies in the U.S., which then sell and distribute the mercury to other companies for legitimate purposes (e.g., producing fluorescent light bulbs, etc......). The main company that buys this mercury from the gold mine companies is Bethlehem Apparatus in Pennsylvania. Another company that buys some of this mercury is Mercury Waste Solutions. After the export ban goes into effect, it is my understanding (based on conversations with industry reps) that the companies plan to send this mercury to the Federal storage facility for permanent storage. Apparently, the export ban has language in it about the Federal Government providing such storage facility.
Another question was about the 112c6 inventory and how gold mines fits into that inventory. Anyway, attached below is the original 1998 FR Notice for 112c6 (which was published in the Federal Register in April 1998) with the original emissions estimates for 1990.
As you know, gold mines were not included in the original inventory in 1998. Therefore, we calculated an emissions estimate for gold mines using available data and information and projecting back to 1990.We estimated that gold mines emitted about4.4 tons of mercury in 1990.Anyway, attached below is the original inventory and the documents showing the calculations for emissions from gold mines in 1990. We are still working on some of your other questions/comments and I plan to get back to you soon about those. Meanwhile, let me know if you have questions.
Thank You.
Chuck (See attached file: 112c6

‐ FR

‐ Notice

‐ 1998.pdf) (See attached file: 1990

‐ mercury ‐ emissions

‐ estimate

‐ 9

‐ 2008.doc) (See attached file: Table

‐ 1

‐ Mercury

‐ EF

‐ Gold

‐ Mines.xls)(See attached file: Table2

‐ Jerritt Canyon

‐ mercury ‐ EF

‐ 9

‐ 17

‐ 08.xls)

### 17838 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

1 The revised standards of conduct were submitted between March 20 and March 30, 1998.

2 Open Access Same-Time Information System (Formerly Real-Time Information Network) and Standards of Conduct, 61 FR 21737 (May 10, 1996), FERC Stats. & Regs., Regulations Preambles January 1991-June 1996 ¶ 31,035 (April 24, 1996); Order N. 889–A, order on rehearing , 62 FR 12484 (March 14, 1997), III FERC Stats. & Regs. ¶ 31,049 (March 4, 1997) (Order No. 889–A); Order No. 889–B, rehearing denied , 62 FR 64715 (December 9, 1997), 81 FERC ¶ 61,253 (November 25, 1997). Comment date: April 17, 1998, in accordance with Standard Paragraph E at the end of this notice. 16. Interstate Power Company [Docket No. ER98–2357–000]

Take notice that on March 30, 1998, Interstate Power Company (IPW), tendered for filing a Transmission Service Agreement between IPW and ConAgra Energy Services, Inc. (ConAgra). Under the Transmission Service Agreement, IPW will provide non-firm point-to-point transmission service to ConAgra.

Comment date: April 17, 1998, in accordance with Standard Paragraph E at the end of this notice. 17. Madison Gas and Electric Company [Docket No. ER98–2358–000]

Take notice that on March 30, 1998, Madison Gas and Electric Company (MGE), tendered for filing a service agreement under MGE’s Power Sales Tariff.

MGE requests an effective date of February 24, 1998, which is the date the agreement was signed.

Comment date: April 17, 1998, in accordance with Standard Paragraph E at the end of this notice. 18. American Electric Power Service Corporation [Docket No. ER98–2364–000]

Take notice that on March 30, 1998, the American Electric Power Service Corporation (AEPSC), tendered for filing an executed Network Integration Transmission Service Agreement under the AEP Companies’ Open Access Transmission Service Tariff (OATT). The OATT has been designated as FERC Electric Tariff Original Volume No. 4, effective July 9, 1996. AEPSC requests waiver of notice to permit the Service Agreements to be made effective for service billed on and after March 1, 1998.

A copy of the filing was served upon Commonwealth Edison Company and the City of Dowagiac, Michigan and the state utility regulatory commissions of Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia and West Virginia.

Comment date: April 17, 1998, in accordance with Standard Paragraph E at the end of this notice. 19. Carolina Power & Light Company, Central Louisiana Electric Company, Inc., Central Power and Light Co., Public Service Company of Oklahoma, Southwestern Electric Power Co., West Texas Utilities Company, The Detroit Edison Company, Duquesne Light Company, Entergy Services, Inc., Entergy Arkansas, Inc., Entergy Gulf States, Inc., Entergy Louisiana, Inc., Entergy Mississippi, Inc., Entergy New Orleans, Inc., Kansas City Power & Light Co., Public Service Company of New Mexico, Sierra Pacific Power Company, and UtiliCorp United, Inc. [Docket Nos. OA97–105–001, OA97–432– 001, OA97–287–001, OA97–184–001, OA97– 407–001, OA97–458–001, OA97–280–002, OA97–433–001, OA97–720–001, OA97–464– 001, and OA97–446–001]

Take notice that the companies listed in the above-captioned dockets submitted revised standards of conduct 1 under Order Nos. 889 et seq. 2

Comment date: April 17, 1998, in accordance with Standard Paragraph E at the end of this notice. Standard Paragraph:

E. Any person desiring to be heard or to protest said filing should file a motion to intervene or protest with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 888 First Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20426, in accordance with Rules 211 and 214 of the Commission’s Rules of Practice and Procedure (18 CFR 385.211 and 18 CFR 385.214). All such motions or protests should be filed on or before the comment date. Protests will be considered by the Commission in determining the appropriate action to be taken, but will not serve to make protestants parties to the proceeding. Any person wishing to become a party must file a motion to intervene. Copies of these filings are on file with the Commission and are available for public inspection. David P. Boergers, Acting Secretary. [FR Doc. 98–9472 Filed 4–9–98; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6717–01–P ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY [FRL–5994–8; Docket No. A–97–05] Source Category Listing for Section 112(d)(2) Rulemaking Pursuant to Section 112(c)(6) Requirements AGENCY : Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION : Notice.
SUMMARY : This action provides a list of source categories for regulation under section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act (Act). A draft listing of this action was posted in the Federal Register on June 20, 1997 (62 FR 33625) and public comment was taken on that draft. A document summarizing comments and responses is available on the Internet site (www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/ 112c6fac.html) and in the project docket. This action is being taken pursuant to section 112(c)(6) of the Act, as amended in 1990, and a consent decree entered in Sierra Club v. Browner , Civ. No. 95–1747 (D.D.C. 1995) (consolidated with Sierra Club v. Browner , Civ. No. 96–436 (D.D.C. 1996)). Draft and final lists were required under the amended consent decree to be completed and made available by EPA by June 11, 1997 and April 3, 1998, respectively.

This listing, under section 112(c)(6) is to identify source categories for which additional standards under section 112(d)(2) or (d)(4) can be developed, but by itself does not automatically result in regulation or control of emissions from sources within these source categories. Based on this list, EPA will perform further analyses on emissions and control methods for the listed source categories. The regulatory development analysis will determine any ultimate regulatory requirements. DATES : Draft and final lists were required under the amended consent decree to be completed and made available by EPA by June 11, 1997 and April 3, 1998 respectively. ADDRESSES : A docket containing information relating to the EPA’s development of this notice (Docket No. A–97–05) is available for public inspection and copying between 8 a.m. and 5:30 p.m., Monday through Friday except for Federal holidays, in the Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center (MC–6102), Room M–1500, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460; telephone (202) 260–7548. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT : Laurel Driver, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (MD–15), U.S.

### 17839 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, telephone number (919) 541– 2859, electronic mail address: driver.laurel@epamail.epa.gov. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION :

Docket. The docket is an organized and complete file of all the information submitted to or otherwise considered by the Agency in the development of this list of categories for sources for section 112(c)(6). The principal purpose of this docket is to allow interested parties to identify and locate documents that serve as a record of the process engaged in by the Agency to publish today’s notice. The docket is available for public inspection at the EPA’s Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center, which is listed in the addresses section of this notice.

The information in this notice is organized as follows: I. Introduction

A. Statutory Requirements B. Schedule II. Background

A. Overview of Regulatory Authority B. General Procedure III. Changes Made From Draft Listing

A. Response to Comments 1. Comments on Emissions Inventories 2. Comments on EPA Policy B. Other Significant Changes IV. Listing Determination Process

A. Sources Excluded from Section

112(c)(6) Analysis 1. Exclusions Identified in Draft Listing

Notices 2. Cigarette Smoke 3. Utility Emissions 4. Consumer Products 5. Refueling Emissions at Gasoline

Dispensing Facilities B. Defining ‘‘Subject to Standards’’ 1. Section 112(d)(2) 2. Section 112(d)(4) 3. Section 129 C. Regulatory Coverage for Section

112(c)(6) Pollutants V. Sources Categories that Require Listing as a Result of the Section 112(c)(6) Analysis VI. Regulatory Requirements

A. General B. Executive Order 12866 and Office of

Management and Budget (OMB) Review Table 1. Summary of 1990 Emission Inventory Data for Section 112(c)(6) Pollutants (TONS/YRS) Table 2. 1990 Anthropogenic Stationary Source Category Percentage Contributions and Associated Regulations Table 3. Cross-Reference Between the Section 112(c)(6) Inventory of Sources and Applicable Regulations Figure 1. Percentage Contributions Of Total Emissions—Included from Regulatory Analysis I. Introduction A. Statutory Requirements

Section 112(c)(6) of the Act prescribes the following program for seven specific pollutants:

With respect to alkylated lead compounds, polycyclic organic matter, hexachlorobenzene, mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzofurans and 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, the Administrator shall, not later than 5 years after November 15, 1990, list categories and subcategories of sources assuring that sources accounting for not less than 90 per centum of the aggregate emissions of each such pollutant are subject to standards under subsection (d)(2) or (d)(4) of this section. Such standards shall be promulgated not later than 10 years after November 15, 1990. This paragraph shall not be construed to require the Administrator to promulgate standards for such pollutants emitted by electric utility steam generating units. B. Schedule

The EPA has entered into a consent decree with the Sierra Club Legal Defense Fund, Inc., in response to Sierra Club v. Browner , Civ. No. 95–1747 (D.D.C. 1995) (consolidated with Sierra Club v. Browner , Civ. No. 96–436 (D.D.C. 1996)). These actions concern performance of certain duties under Act sections 112(c)(3), (c)(6), (k), and 202(l). The consent decree, as amended, required, among other actions, that EPA complete a draft of the list described in section 112(c)(6) no later than June 11, 1997, and make a final list available no later than April 3, 1998. II. Background A. Overview of Regulatory Authority

Section 112 of the Act, as amended in 1990, contains the EPA’s authorities for reducing emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAP). Section 112(b)(1) contains an initial list of 189 HAP (revised to contain 188 HAP, 61 FR 30816, June 18, 1996). Section 112(c)(1) requires the Administrator to publish a list of all categories and subcategories of major sources and area sources of the air pollutants listed in or pursuant to section 112(b). Section 112(d) requires the Administrator to promulgate regulations establishing emission standards for each category or subcategory of major sources and area sources of HAP listed in section 112(c). Section 112(d)(2) specifies that emission standards promulgated under the section shall require the maximum degree of reductions in emissions of the HAP subject to section 112 that are deemed achievable, i.e., the maximum achievable control technology (MACT). These regulations are often termed ‘‘technology-based’’ standards because they are based on the degree of emissions control achievable through the application of technologies that the best performing sources in the particular source category are using. These technologies may include equipment or process design, chemical substitution, collection and treatment of emissions, work practices, and other measures.

Section 112(d)(4) provides for consideration of health thresholds with an ample margin of safety. Certain other sections of section 112 require EPA, in addition to technology-based standards, to evaluate risk to public health and the environment in determining whether other control measures are appropriate.

Section 112(c)(6) names seven specific HAP that EPA must evaluate to assure that certain sources of these HAP have been identified and subjected to standards. B. General Procedure

In order to determine the sources of the seven HAP named in section112(c)(6), EPA developed a 1990 baseyear emissions inventory of known sources to the atmosphere of each HAP (refer to the inventory document or the draft listing notice for a discussion of the base year selection). This inventory of all sources (whether or not the emissions are considered further in the section 112(c)(6) analysis) is summarized in Table 1.

Once these sources of the total emissions were identified, only the stationary, anthropogenic source categories which fall within the scope of section 112 (or the equivalent section 129) were evaluated to determine action necessary under section 112(c)(6). (More discussion of source categories excluded from the section 112(c)(6) analysis follows in section IV.A.)

Once the list of source categories was revised, the remaining pool of source categories was evaluated to determine whether 90 percent of those emissions are subject to standards. A summary of source categories included in the section 112(c)(6) analysis and their percent contributions are contained in Table 2. The majority of the source categories were found to be already subject to either section 112(d)(2) or section 129 standards (see section IV.B.3. regarding section 112(c)(6) credit for section 129 standards) or listed for such regulation. The EPA reviewed the coverage of source categories to determine whether additional source categories are needed to assure that not less than 90 per centum of the aggregate emissions of each pollutant are subject to standards.

### 17840 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices The EPA published a draft listing of source categories accounting for the section 112(c)(6) HAP emissions and the source categories needed to meet the 90 percent requirement in the Federal Register on June 20, 1997 (62 FR 33625). The notice and the base year inventory document contain detailed information about emissions inventory development methodology and its review process. In response to comments on this draft and to new data that have been collected in conjunction with concurrent EPA projects, EPA has made significant changes to the inventory since the draft package. These changes are discussed in section III.

Additionally, EPA has prepared Table 3, which provides a cross-reference between the inventory prepared for section 112(c)(6) and the list of categories under section 112(c)(1) for section 112(d) standards. This table does not change any of the category definitions or listing actions, but is provided solely for the convenience of the public.

While this assessment uses the best available emissions data currently available for 1990, EPA cannot, at this time, assure that this calculation of the 90 percent will remain constant for two reasons: (1) EPA has not completed the process of developing section 112(d)(2) standards and, therefore, cannot guarantee the outcome of those standards; and (2) the emissions inventory estimates, and the estimates for emissions allocations to major and area sources, for any given source category are likely to change as more source category specific information is collected in the process of developing standards. Congress required this listing activity to be undertaken before completion of many regulatory analyses, and EPA believes this notice represents the best estimate of emissions of section 112(c)(6) pollutants and their regulatory coverage possible at this time. III. Changes Made From Draft Listing

The EPA posted the draft section 112(c)(6) listing in the Federal Register on June 20, 1997. The EPA posted the notice, the 1990 base year inventory, and an explanatory fact sheet on the EPA’s Internet web site (www.epa.gov/ ttn/uatw/112c6fac.html). The EPA also notified trade associations, environmental groups, regulatory agencies, and other parties who had expressed interest or supplied data to alert them of the availability of the section 112(c)(6) package. The EPA accepted comments on the draft listing and base year inventory over a 30-day comment period. A comment summary document is posted on the web site and is available in the docket. A discussion of substantive changes in the listing action resulting from comments and from data collected through related EPA projects follows. A. Response to Comments

A total of 27 separate comment letters were received regarding the June 20, 1997 Federal Register package. Several of the comments pertained to the accompanying 1990 base year emissions inventory supporting the section 112(c)(6) listing process. Within the 27 individual comment letters, approximately 50 separate comment issues were identified. These comments pertained to both technical and policy issues. The EPA has prepared a document, ‘‘Summary of Public Comments on the section 112(c)(6) Draft Listing Notice,’’ that summarizes all technical and policy comments received on the July 20, 1997 section 112(c)(6) Federal Register package. Similarly focused comments have been aggregated and summarized in the document, along with the EPA responses to the comments. The responses indicate how a technical or policy issue is being addressed in the final Federal Register listing notice for section 112(c)(6) or in the final supporting emissions inventory. The comment summary/ response document can be found in the docket for the section 112(c)(6) project and on the EPA air toxics web page (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/uatw/ 112c6fac.html). 1. Comments on Emissions Inventories

The majority of the technical comments regarded items relating to some aspect of an emissions inventory estimate for a source category. Most of these comments questioned the use of a particular emission rate or factor or the use of an activity rate for a source category. The EPA evaluated the technical data submitted and revised several emissions estimates based on these comments. Any changes made in emissions estimates based on these comments are reflected in the base-year inventory document, Tables 1 and 2, and Figure 1 at the end of this notice. 2. Comments on EPA Policy

The policy-oriented comments predominantly addressed what regulatory programs could be counted as fulfilling the section 112(c)(6) ‘‘subject to standards’’ requirement, what portion of total source category emissions can be credited as being ‘‘subject to standards’’ for the section 112(c)(6) 90 percent requirement, what source categories should be included in the 90 percent ‘‘subject to standards’’ analysis, and what are appropriate definitions for the polycyclic organic matter (POM) and dioxin/furan pollutants. Comments also stated that EPA should do more to communicate the emissions reductions that industries have done for section 112(c)(6) pollutants since 1990 and that current emissions are significantly below 1990 levels; and that the aviation gasoline distribution category should not be included in the listing since there is currently no viable substitute for leaded aviation fuels and recent discussions between the industry and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) indicated no regulatory programs would be pursued for leaded aviation fuels. The most substantive of these comments and EPA responses are summarized below:

Comment: Several commenters were concerned that EPA consider aviation safety and performance standards when considering ‘‘Gasoline Distribution (Aviation)’’ as a source category under section 112(c)(6).

Response: The EPA will consider such safety standards. Section 112(d)(2) standards require using the technology and practices of the best performers within an industry to set the standard for the rest of the industry.

Comment: One commenter stated that credits for stage II gasoline distribution regulations under sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6) are only appropriate if they are protective of human health.

Response: Section 112(c)(6) does not require EPA to determine an emissions level ‘‘protective of human health.’’ In any case, EPA is not including stage II gasoline distribution emissions in the section 112(c)(6) analysis for the reasons described in IV.A.5. below.

Comment: One commenter stated that in its section 112(c)(6) proposal, EPA improperly and illegally counts emissions as ‘‘subject to standards’’ that are not yet subject to standards, that are subject to standards other than MACT, or that are only partially subject to standards. Only emissions that are subject to standards under section 112(d)(2) and 112 (d)(4) can be counted toward the 90 percent goal contained in section 112(c)(6).

Response: The EPA made changes in the final listing action in response to this comment. First, HAP emissions from electric utility steam generating units were removed from the analysis. Section 112(c)(6) provides that, ‘‘This paragraph shall not be construed to require the Administrator to promulgate standards for such pollutants emitted by electric utility steam generating units.’’ Furthermore, section 112(n)(1)(A) requires EPA to perform a study of the public health hazards posed by HAP

### 17841 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices emissions from electric utility steam generating units and to regulate those sources if ‘‘appropriate and necessary after considering the results of the study.’’ The EPA believes that those provisions give the Agency discretion to exclude utility emissions from listing and regulation under section 112(c)(6). Congress enacted section 112(n)(1)(A) to establish the mechanism for determining whether regulation of utility HAP emissions under section 112 was ‘‘appropriate and necessary’’ and section 112(c)(6) specifically acknowledges that function. The EPA believes that the language used in section 112(c)(6) reflects Congress’ determination that the mechanism established by section 112(c)(6) is not appropriate for the regulation of utility HAP emissions. Therefore, EPA has removed utility HAP emissions from this analysis.

Second, EPA has added information on whether each Industrial Combustion Coordinated Rulemaking (ICCR) category will be subject to section 112 or section 129 standards. (EPA has found section 112(d)(2) and 129 standards to be substantively the same, as discussed in the draft listing Federal Register notice.)

Comment: One commenter stated that in determining source categories subject to standards and counting emissions toward the section 112(c)(6) 90 percent goal, EPA has assumed that 100 percent of all emissions for each MACT category are major source emissions. Therefore, all emissions from a category for which there is a MACT are covered, even if there are actually area sources that may not be subject to the MACT.

Response: The EPA has made a significant effort to characterize emissions from each of the section 112(c)(6) emissions source categories. These area and major source emissions allocations are detailed in the draft and final emissions inventory documents which have been made available with the draft and final listing notices. Information on these area/major allocations comes primarily from work conducted in association with MACT standard development or derived from definitions of facilities. The EPA finds the MACT data to be of generally higher quality than the facility definition data, which are expected to improve as MACT standards are developed for these categories.

For the section 112(c)(6) analysis, in cases where a regulation for a given source category has been promulgated, the percent of emissions subject to the standard has been credited. For example, in the source category gasoline distribution stage I, only 10 percent of the emissions are from major sources subject to the standard and have been counted toward the 90 percent goal. For source categories with regulations that have not yet been promulgated, EPA will subject each significant area source category to standards as directed by section 112(c)(6). When the regulations for each of those categories are developed, EPA will analyze the data specific to those sources and determine, under section 112(d), in what manner requirements will be established. Some area categories may be negligible contributors to the 90 percent goal, and as such pose unwarranted burdens for subjecting to standards. These trivial source categories will be removed from the listing as they are evaluated since they will not contribute significantly to the 90 percent goal.

Comment: One commenter stated that EPA’s treatment of emissions in the proposed notice implies that the Agency believes it has identified all source categories of section 112(c)(6) pollutant emissions and, therefore, has accounted for 100 percent of emissions. The EPA should document the basis for this assumption. If this cannot be documented, the EPA should not assume that 90 percent of the emissions reported in the proposal notice equal 90 percent of the total amount of section 112(c)(6) pollutant emissions.

Response: The EPA has documented all sources for which emissions data could be found and has indicated all source categories for which emissions are suspected but no data to estimate emissions could be found. The methodology for developing the emissions inventory estimates is described in detail within the base year inventory document. Any supported additional data that have been submitted by reviewers have also been incorporated. The EPA believes it has sufficiently supported its emissions estimates and has been as inclusive as possible of all relevant data. The EPA further notes that the commenter has supplied no information which would contradict or refute EPA’s belief that all source categories have been identified.

Comment: One commenter stated that the only MACT standards that are countable toward the section 112(c)(6) 90 percent requirement are those standards that specifically establish requirements for section 112(c)(6) HAP (i.e., EPA cannot claim credit for a MACT for benzene as subjecting the source to standards for dioxin), and that a section 112(d)(2) standard for which EPA claims credit for section 112(c)(6) purposes must specifically regulate the emissions of the section 112(c)(6) pollutant. Similarly, another comment asserted that Congress intended for EPA to reduce section 112(c)(6) HAP emissions by even more than they would be reduced by any other section 112(d)(2) standard means, and that this is why they imposed especially stringent emissions targets. The commenter asserted that this interpretation is supported by the legislative history of the Act.

Another commenter stated it is not appropriate for EPA to have claimed section 112(c)(6) credit for section 112(d)(2) applicability and MACT emission reductions when the subject standard does not reduce nor require any reductions for the section 112(c)(6) HAP. If EPA evaluates this situation for a category and determines that no real reductions are possible under a given MACT, the commenter stated that they should report this finding to Congress. The commenter further argued that claiming these credits for standards that do nothing in terms of real emission reductions is not appropriate.

Response: The EPA responds that section 112(c)(6) and 112(d) does not require a specific quantitative reduction in emissions for any particular HAP. Section 112(c)(6) calls for EPA to assure that certain sources ‘‘are subject to standards under subsection 112 (d)(2) or (d)(4).’’ The relevant sources are selected on the basis of whether they emit the seven listed HAP. Section 112(c)(6) does not, however, require that EPA achieve a specific amount of reductions of those seven listed HAP. Today’s action satisfies section 112(c)(6) by assuring that source categories accounting for 90 percent of the emissions are subject to standards under section 112 (d)(2) or (d)(4).

Section 112 (d)(2) and (d)(4), in turn, define the mechanism for setting standards. That mechanism establishes a minimum level of performance. Like section 112(c)(6), it does not mandate any particular percentage reduction in emissions of any particular HAP. However, standards under section 112(d)(2) will be reevaluated for ‘‘residual risk’’ under section 112(f). Under this provision, EPA can impose additional standards, if necessary, ‘‘to provide an ample margin of safety to protect public health * * * or to prevent, taking into consideration costs, energy, safety, and other relevant factors, an adverse environmental effect.’’

Comment: Some commenters emphasized the point that in order for area sources within the source categories listed in the section 112(c)(6) inventory to be regulated or for the area sources within the applicable MACT to

### 17842 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices be regulated, EPA must first make a determination that the sources pose an adverse threat to human health or the environment pursuant to section 112(c)(3) requirements. The EPA cannot impose MACT or any other control requirements on area sources without making such a determination first.

Similarly, a commenter did not believe that section 112(c)(6) mandates the control of area sources within a listed source category. The commenter went on to say that the proposal notice was unclear on whether area sources were presumed to be affected by the credited MACT, but that whether they were or were not, area sources within the Portland cement industry are not presumed to be regulated by the industry MACT standards as a result of their inclusion in the section 112(c)(6) source list.

Response: The EPA responds that section 112(c)(6) requires that sources accounting for at least 90 percent of emissions of the specified pollutants be subject to section 112(d)(2) standards or section 112(d)(4). Unlike section 112(c)(3), this requirement does not call for, nor does EPA believe it permits, a finding of health or environmental threat from area sources to determine if such sources need to be included to meet the 90 percent requirement. However, EPA will determine whether specific regulation of the area source component of a source category is appropriate, or necessary to meet the 90 percent goal, based on more source category-specific data collected as part of the regulatory process.

Comment: Another commenter challenged that EPA should not, in its listing for section 112(c)(6), split the Portland cement category into two categories, one for sources combusting hazardous waste fuel and one for sources not combusting hazardous waste fuel.

Response: Section 112(c) generally authorizes EPA to establish source categories or subcategories for regulation as appropriate. The EPAchose to split hazardous and nonhazardous waste-burning source categories in order to reflect the distinctions made in MACT standards currently under development within EPA’s Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) and the Office of Solid Waste (OSW). The OAQPS rule, which is not yet proposed, applies to cement kilns that do not burn hazardous waste and to other HAP-emitting sources at a cement plant, regardless of whether or not the cement kiln burns hazardous waste. Cement kilns that burn hazardous waste will be covered by the hazardous waste combustor rule which was proposed April 19, 1996 (61 FR 17358). Approximately 40 out of the 210 cement kilns in the U.S. burn hazardous waste as a fuel. The sources burning hazardous and nonhazardous fuel are being regulated under separate actions due to their different emissions characteristics, different air pollution controls, and separate classification by virtue of section 3004 (q) of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.

Comment: Several commenters responded to EPA’s request for input on the most appropriate definition of POM for use in this action. While many comments provided information that will improve the emissions estimates for the various source categories emitting these compounds, EPA did not receive information which would favor the selection of one surrogate approach over another as a basis to make listing determinations for all categories associated with emissions of section 112(c)(6) HAP.

Response: POM is defined in section 112(b) to ‘‘[i]nclude[ ] organic compounds with more than one benzene ring, and which have a boiling point greater than or equal to 100 ° C.’’ The complex mixture of POM consists of literally thousands of organic compounds, and no standardized method exists at this time to measure these emissions. There are, however, some valid surrogates for POM that provide sufficient emissions inventory data for this analysis: (1) Extractable organic matter (EOM), which is composed of the solvent-extractable fraction of particulate matter, (2) the sum of the seven polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon compounds that are probable carcinogens (7–PAH), and (3) the sum of the sixteen PAHs measured in EPA test method 610 (16–PAH). (For a more complete discussion of POM surrogates, refer to the section 112(c)(6) emissions inventory document.) The EPA and others are engaged in further efforts to better characterize the constituents of POM that are most significant in evaluating health and environmental effects.

Rather than circumventing that effort by selecting one surrogate, EPA collected and used data for all three approaches in the section 112(c)(6) assessment. As a result, the Agency did not discard any of the possible surrogates for POM; the section 112(c)(6) listing reflects an analysis that satisfies the 90 percent requirement using each one of the three approaches.

Comment: One commenter argued that use of toxic equivalency (TEQ) is inappropriate as a surrogate for 2,3,7,8- TCDD. While 2,3,7,8-TCDD is a single compound, TEQs sum emissions of various dioxins and furans based on toxic equivalency (see inventory document for more discussion of this issue).

Response: As explained in the draft listing Federal Register notice, EPA chose to use the TEQ surrogate for evaluating 2,3,7,8-TCDD because data on 2,3,7,8-TCDD emissions were not available for analysis. Both EPA’s MACT program and the ongoing Office of Research and Development’s Dioxin Reassessment Study predominantly report emission estimates on a 2,3,7,8- TCDD TEQ basis. Therefore, to maximize the number of source categories for which national estimates could be determined on a common basis and best carry out the objectives of section 112(c)(6), EPA chose to use the TEQ method for inventorying 2,3,7,8- TCDD and 2,3,7,8-TCDF as specified under section 112(c)(6). B. Other Significant Changes

In addition to data supplied via the comments on the draft listing package, EPA also incorporated significant changes to the section 112(c)(6) base year emissions inventory based on information gathered through another EPA program. The urban area source program (section 112(c)(3) and 112(k)) requires an inventory information collection effort which includes some of the section 112(c)(6) pollutants. This emissions inventory effort has been under way concurrently with the development of the section 112(c)(6) analysis, with public comment on that inventory ending in November 1997. The data collected from that program have been incorporated into the section 112(c)(6) inventory and are reflected in the base year inventory document and the tables and figures included in this notice. IV. Listing Determination Process

As described before, early in the analysis, source categories that are not considered appropriate for section 112 regulation (i.e., nonstationary, nonanthropogenic sources) were identified and excluded from further evaluation for regulation under section 112(c)(6). From this revised inventory list, source categories currently considered to be subject to section 112(d)(2) and (d)(4) standards were identified, along with source categories that are subject to section 129 standards which substantively meet equivalent requirements.

The emission contributions from these source categories were tallied for each pollutant to determine whether the sources of 90 percent of emissions are

### 17843 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices already subject to standards or listed for such standards, as required by section 112(c)(6). Those pollutants that do not have 90 percent coverage require listing of additional source categories under section 112(c)(6) to attain the 90 percent level. A. Sources Excluded From Section 112(c)(6) Analysis

Certain sources of section 112(c)(6) pollutants, although included in the 1990 base year emissions inventory documentation, are not included in the analysis of source categories subject to section 112(c)(6). For example, section 112 applies to stationary sources, therefore mobile source emissions were excluded. 1. Exclusions Identified in the Draft Listing Notice

In addition to mobile source emissions, emissions from wild and prescribed fires, residential fuel combustion, and pesticide application were also excluded. The rationale for these exclusions was discussed in the draft listing notice. In this notice, EPA has also excluded cigarette smoke, utility boilers emissions, consumer products emissions, and refueling emissions at gasoline dispensing facilities. A discussion of each of these excluded source categories follows. 2. Cigarette Smoke

Although the section 112(c)(6) emissions inventory includes estimates of emissions from cigarette smoke, EPA does not deem this to be a source category intended for regulation as a stationary source under section 112. Section 112(a)(3) defines ‘‘stationary source’’ by referring to section 111(a), which provides that a stationary source is ‘‘any building, structure, facility, or installation which emits or may emit any air pollutant.’’ Cigarette smoke does not fall within that definition because it is not emitted by a fixed edifice such as a ‘‘building, structure, facility, or installation.’’ Therefore, this source category was excluded from the inventory of emission sources that are potentially subject to standards under section 112(c)(6). 3. Utility Emissions

The language in section 112(c)(6) states that the ‘‘paragraph shall not be construed to require the Administrator to promulgate standards for such pollutants emitted by electric utility steam generating units.’’ The EPA believes this statement gives the Agency discretion about whether EPA is required to include utility emissions in the section 112(c)(6) analysis. In section 112(n)(1)(A), EPA is required to assess the HAP emissions from electric utility steam generating units and to regulate if ‘‘appropriate and necessary.’’ More information about the utility study can be obtained from the Clean Air Act Amendments bulletin board of the EPA’s electronic Technology Transfer Network (TTN) under ‘‘Recently Signed Rules,’’ (http://ttnwww.rtpnc.epa.gov).

The EPA believes that section 112(n)(1)(A) is the appropriate authority for evaluating utility emissions and determining the necessity of regulation for this source category. In the draft section 112(c)(6) listing notice, EPA proposed to credit the emissions of section 112(c)(6) pollutants from utilities as subject to standards through section 112(n)(1)(A). This interpretation was challenged by commenters. Therefore, as discussed above, EPA has determined it to be more appropriate to exclude utility emissions from those considered for the section 112(c)(6) analysis and to address them under section 112(n)(1)(A). 4. Consumer Products

Consumer products, such as surface coatings, metal cleaning solvents, personal care products, and household cleaning products contribute significantly to emissions of POM, as defined in the 16-polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) definition. These emissions are composed primarily of naphthalene. These emissions come primarily from the use, consumption, storage, disposal, destruction, or decomposition of such products, and as such, do not fit the definition of ‘‘stationary source’’ provided in sections 111(a)(3) and 112(a)(3). These emissions were not quantified in the draft section 112(c)(6) emissions inventory or draft listing Federal Register notice. The emissions estimates are a result of inventory-development work on a concurrent EPA project related to emissions in urban areas (section 112(c)(3) and 112(k)). The EPA believes it is important that the emissions from consumer products be identified and the public informed of their potential significance. Although these emissions account for a significant fraction of total 16-PAH emissions, EPA does not consider them appropriate for regulation under section 112 and believes instead that they should be addressed through other means.

Regulations for consumer products have been proposed for control of volatile organic compounds (VOC) pursuant to section 183(e) of the Act and are expected to result in significant reductions in VOC. Naphthalene is a VOC. This provision requires EPA to account for sources of 80 percent of total VOC emissions from consumer products in ozone nonattainment areas and subject these sources to best available controls.

The proposed rule would affect approximately 220 consumer product manufacturers and importers nationwide. Many of these companies are already taking steps to reformulate their products to emit less VOC. The EPA worked closely with these companies in developing the proposed rule.

More information on the proposed rule for consumer products can be downloaded from the Clean Air Act Amendments bulletin board (under ‘‘Recently Signed Rules’’) of EPA’s electronic Technology Transfer Network (TTN), or by calling (919) 541–5742. 5. Refueling Emissions at Gasoline Dispensing Facilities

Refueling emissions at gasoline dispensing facilities (gas stations) occur when vapors are displaced from a motor vehicle’s fuel tank during the refueling process. Refueling accounts for 374 tons of the 16-PAH emissions (naphthalene) in the 1990 base year inventory. The EPA recognizes the importance of controlling these emissions but believes that they are not appropriately the subject of regulation under section 112.

Promulgation of a section 112 standard to control emissions from refueling would frustrate Congress’ intent to regulate those emissions through sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6). Rather than treating refueling emissions in the same manner that they treated other HAP emissions, Congress elected to provide a special, comprehensive program specifically tailored to refueling.

The first step of the program, in section 182(b)(3), sets forth a short-term solution. It requires the installation of controls on fuel pumps to recover refueling emissions (‘‘stage II’’) and includes a schedule which calls for prompt compliance with its requirements. Stage II was initially required for gasoline dispensing facilities which sell more than 10,000 gallons of gasoline per month (or 50,000 gallons per month, in the case of independent small business marketers) in all areas that are ‘‘moderate’’ or worse nonattainment areas for ozone. In addition, section 184(b)(2) of the Act requires all areas in the ozone transport region (OTR) to adopt stage II controls or control measures capable of achieving comparable emissions reductions.

The second step, in section 202(a)(6), mandates the use of vehicle-based vapor

### 17844 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices recovery systems in all new light-duty vehicles (‘‘onboard’’). The schedule provided in section 202(a)(6) allows for a lengthier compliance process that imposes onboard controls after the installation of Stage II. Upon promulgation of EPA’s onboard regulations, the section 182(b)(3) Stage II requirements no longer applied to ‘‘moderate’’ ozone nonattainment areas, although States were free to leave stage II controls in place. For instance, some States concluded that stage II was necessary for them to meet reasonable further progress or attainment and maintenance requirements under title I of the Act. Moreover, States are free under section 116 of the Act to apply Stage II requirements more stringently than is federally required. Once EPA determines by rule that those onboard controls are in widespread use throughout the motor vehicle fleet, the Stage II controls may be scaled back in ‘‘serious’’ or worse ozone nonattainment areas, while areas in the OTR will remain subject to the requirements of section 184(b)(2) to apply Stage II or comparable measures.

Enactment of sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6) was preceded by lengthy, detailed debate about the all aspects of Stage II and onboard systems (e.g., S. Rep. No. 231, 100th Cong., 1st Sess. 404–407 (1987)), including the safety of the systems (e.g., Environmental and Natural Resources Policy Division, Library of Congress, 103d Cong., 1st Sess., A Legislative History of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, at 10729– 33 (Comm. Print 1993) (statement of Sen. Coats)), the relationship between the requirements (e.g., H.R. Rep. No. 490, 101st Cong., 2d Sess., pt. 1, at 303– 304 (1990)), and the costs imposed by the controls (e.g., Legislative History, supra, at 4837, 4843 (statement of Sen. Chafee)). Moreover, Congress recognized that the Stage II and onboard requirements of sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6) would produce substantial toxics benefits:

Both Stage II and onboard are designed to capture emissions from refueling of mobile sources. They capture emissions of benzene, a known carcinogen, and other toxic pollutants (S. Rep. No. 231, at 23).

Two other benefits attributable to Stage II systems are reduced human exposure to toxics compounds and increased safety (S. Rep. No. 228, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. 40 (1989)).

Onboard systems also reduce human exposure to toxic pollution (S. Rep. No. 228, at 94). See also Legislative History, supra, at 5617–18 (statement of Sen. Baucus); S. Rep. 231, at 137, 460. Congress’ intent to comprehensively address refueling emissions from gasoline dispensing stations through stage II and onboard requirements is clearly illustrated by the focused regulatory scheme provided in those provisions, by the prolonged and detailed debate on the issue, and by the recognition that sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6) control toxics. Imposition of a section 112 standard upon that unique arrangement would frustrate Congress’ intent to control emissions from refueling through the comprehensive regulatory structure anticipated by sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6).

To be sure, other types of emission sources are subject to regulation under more than one provision of the Act. For example, an industrial facility may have both section 110 State implementation plan requirements and section 112 air toxics standards. In those situations, sources become subject to multiple requirements because Congress constructed those parts of the Act to allow for overlapping coverage. Sections 110 and 112 are intended to apply broadly to a wide range of sources without excluding the application of other general requirements. In the case of evaporative losses from vehicle refueling, however, Congress required stage II and onboard as controls specifically focused on regulating the emissions from a single type of emission point after significant and lengthy discussion and after recognizing that those controls accomplish the goals of section 112. The unique structure and history of sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6) indicate Congress’ intent to strike a balance between burdens on gasoline station owners and refiners and to achieve a uniform, comprehensive regulatory approach to control of refueling emissions. By contrast, the remainder of the Act contemplates the application of multiple provisions to sources.

Recognition of Congress’ plan to control refueling emissions through stage II and onboard, rather than through MACT, does not affect the public health. As mentioned above, Congress understood that the emission reductions achieved by sections 182(b)(3) and 202(a)(6) will be comparable to those achieved by a standard under section 112. The onboard controls yield a 95 percent emissions reduction over uncontrolled levels. Due to fleet turnover, 90 percent of light duty vehicles are expected to be equipped with onboard controls by 2015. Once it is fully phased in, onboard will achieve that level of control for 97 percent of new vehicles and 94 percent of refueling emissions. That will lead to reductions of VOC and HAP emissions of 300,000 to 400,000 tons per year. Imposition of a section 112 standard on refueling would not be likely to achieve greater reductions.

More information about stage II and onboard can be obtained at EPA’s Internet web site (http://www.epa.gov/ OMSWWW/gopher/Regs/LD-hwy/ Onboard/orvrq&a.txt). B. Defining ‘‘Subject to Standards’’

The focus of the regulations under section 112(d) has been to initially develop standards for emissions of air toxics based on the MACT available for each industry source category emitting HAP. Section 112(c)(6) specifically states that sources that account for 90 percent of emissions of section 112(c)(6) specific pollutants be subject to standards under section 112(d)(2) or 112(d)(4). It is important to recognize that in making sources ‘‘subject to standards,’’ the language of section 112(c)(6) does not specify either a particular degree of emissions control or a reduction in these specific pollutants’ emissions to be achieved by such regulations. Rather, specific control requirements are set as referenced in section 112(d)(2) and (d)(4).

In the next phase of section 112 programs (under section 112(f)), EPA will evaluate the necessity of further emissions reductions in order ‘‘to provide an ample margin of safety to protect public health . . . or to prevent, taking into consideration costs, energy, safety, and other relevant factors, an adverse environmental effect.’’ These latter determinations will rely on information required by the 1990 Amendments to the Act or gathered since they were passed. For example, the Dioxin Reassessment Study, the Great Waters Report to Congress, and the Mercury Report to Congress, represent extensive assessments of the health effects and the potential exposure of humans and the environment to the pollutants identified in section 112(c)(6). This information will be used in future decisions regarding the imposition of health-based emission reductions. 1. Section 112(d)(2)

Section 112(d)(2) standards are based on the maximum level of control, defined in section 112(d)(3) as the ‘‘maximum degree of reduction in emissions that is deemed achievable’’(i.e., MACT), as determined by the bestperforming 12 percent of sources within the source category for existing sources. Section 112(d)(2) provides for measures that (a) reduce the volume or eliminate emissions of HAP through process

### 17845 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices changes, substitution of materials or modifications; (b) enclose systems or processes to eliminate HAP emissions; (c) collect, capture, or treat HAP when released from a process, stack, storage, or fugitive emissions point; (d) are design, equipment, work practice, or operational standards (including requirements for operator training or certification); or (e) are a combination of the above.

Many source categories, which have been identified as ones that account for the emissions of the various section 112(c)(6) pollutants, have previously been listed for section 112(d)(2) regulation and appear on the source category list promulgated for section 112(c)(1) (57 FR 31576, July 16, 1992; 61 FR 28197, June 4, 1996). These standards are at varying phases of completion, and, for many, analysis has not yet been initiated. In developing the basis for today’s action, EPA relied on the best available information. However, as EPA recognizes, and many commenters have noted, many uncertainties remain concerning the accuracy of its identification of source categories and estimates of emissions. As the Agency proceeds to develop appropriate emission standards, it will necessarily develop improved source category-specific information, which may affect the estimates of total emissions, the percentage of emissions subject to standards, allocation of emissions within a source category to major and area sources, and source categories for which standards need to be developed. As it proceeds to develop these standards and associated information, EPA intends to further evaluate this information against its obligation to assure that sources accounting for not less than 90 percent of emissions are subject to standards. In accordance with section 112(c)(6), EPA is ultimately responsible for adopting regulations to meet the 90 percent requirement.

In cases where regulatory development has proceeded to a point such that data are sufficient to estimate the portion of the emissions from a given source category that will be subject to the regulation, such an estimate was made. For instance, if a section 112(d)(2) standard will apply only to sources determined to be major as defined in section 112(a), then only the fraction of the total source category emissions that are estimated from major sources would be counted as subject to standards. For example, the section 112(d)(2) standard for stage I gasoline distribution (40 CFR part 63, subpart R, promulgated December 14, 1994) only regulates major sources, which account for 10 percent of emissions from that source category. As a result, the section 112(c)(6) analysis only credits 10 percent of the emissions (refer to Table 2). 2. Section 112(d)(4)

Congress provided in section 112(d)(4) that EPA could, at its discretion, develop risk-based standards for HAP ‘‘for which a health threshold has been established,’’ provided that the standard achieves an ‘‘ample margin of safety.’’ The full text of the provision reads:

With respect to pollutants for which a health threshold has been established, the Administrator may consider such threshold level, with an ample margin of safety, when establishing emission standards under this subsection.

A determination that a threshold exists has not been made for alkylated lead, POM, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s), 2,3,7,8-TCDF, or 2,3,7,8-TCDD. Therefore, section 112(d)(4) authority has not been, and cannot yet be, used to regulate the emissions of any of these pollutants.

The EPA has established a reference dose (RfD) for methyl mercury and a reference concentration (RfC) for inorganic mercury, but section 112(d)(4) has not been used in regulating the emissions of these mercury compounds. Regulation based on these mercury thresholds is difficult because EPA lacks a method to link deposition or ambient concentrations to exposure concentrations for these pollutants. (A more detailed discussion of section 112(d)(4) appears in the draft listing Federal Register notice.) 3. Section 129

Some source categories identified as contributors to the estimates of emissions of section 112(c)(6) pollutants are not currently listed for regulation under section 112(d)(2), but are subject to section 129 standards.

Because section 129 provides for a substantively equivalent level of control as section 112(d)(2) and because section 129(h)(2) prohibits subjecting solid waste incinerators to both section 129 and section 112(d) standards, the Agency believes that it is appropriate to include section 129 as a regulatory instrument equivalent to section 112(d)(2). The EPA further believes that listing source categories for section 112(c)(6) that are already covered under section 129 would lead to a redundant regulatory effort and would produce no additional environmental benefit. The EPA is, therefore, crediting the emissions of section 112(c)(6) pollutants from section 129 source categories as subject to standards under section 112(c)(6). A more complete discussion of section 129 standards and comparison to section 112(d)(2) standards is provided in the draft listing Federal Register notice.

Some section 129 standards are being developed as part of the ICCR. The ICCR is based on the authority of sections 112 and 129. Each of the ICCR source categories will be subject to either section 112 or 129 authority (as noted in Table 2) depending on the materials the source category burns (a conventional fuel or a waste product). This project was discussed in detail in the draft listing notice. Source categories previously identified in the draft notice as ICCR standards have been modified to identify whether they will be subject to section 112 or section 129 in conjunction with the ICCR. These identifications of section 112 and 129 standards may change as EPA determines whether combustion devices used at these sources burn ‘‘fuel’’ or ‘‘waste.’’ Additional information about the ICCR is available on the EPA TTN or at the ICCR Main Menu on the Internet (http://ttnwww.rtpnc.epa.gov). When accessing the World Wide Web site, select ‘‘TTN BBS Web’’ from the first menu, then select ‘‘Gateway to Technical Areas’’ from the secondmenu, and, finally, select ‘‘ICCRIndustrial Combustion Coordinated Rulemaking’’ from the third menu. C. Regulatory Coverage for Section 112(c)(6) Pollutants

Table 2 provides a summary of the source categories that emit section 112(c)(6) HAP and the percentage of emissions attributable to each category. Note that as described in section IV.A., only the sources that EPA believes are appropriate for regulation under section 112 are included in this analysis. Table 1 shows the full emissions inventory.

In Table 2, the percent contributions of source categories that are eligible for section 112(d) standards (and, therefore, included in the section 112(c)(6) analysis) are summed for each pollutant in order to identify those section 112(c)(6) pollutants that do not have at least 90 percent of emissions subject to standards. Those section 112(c)(6) pollutants at or above the 90 percent level are: POM (as defined by EOM), 2,3,7,8-TCDD, mercury, PCB’s, and HCB. These pollutants do not appear, at this time, to require the listing of any additional source categories for future rulemaking.

Based on the 1990 baseline emissions inventory, the 90 percent subject to standards requirement is not met for the

### 17846 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices following pollutants: POM (as defined by 7-PAH), POM (as defined by 16- PAH), and alkylated lead. For these pollutants, additional source categories will have to be identified to attain the 90 percent level. These additional source categories are being listed under section 112(c)(6) for section 112(d)(2) or (d)(4) standards development. As noted earlier, these listings, as presented now, are based on the best information that is currently available. Given the above mentioned uncertainties, however, EPA recognizes that the list may be subject to change. Hence, the EPA anticipates that it may, in the future, amend the list of source categories published in today’s notice, in order to fulfill the requirement to subject sources accounting for 90 percent of the emissions of the section 112(c)(6) HAP to standards. For example, as EPA evaluates a particular source category, it may find that area sources contribute insignificantly to the emissions of POM and regulation would not be necessary to attain the 90 percent requirement. In such a situation, EPA may find it appropriate to take credit for regulation of the major sources only. As better estimates of emissions are developed during the MACT development process, EPA intends to evaluate this information against its obligation to assure that sources accounting for 90 percent of emissions are subject to standards. Any future evaluation of the 90 percent requirement would have to be based on 1990 emissions in order to maintain consistency. V. Source Categories That Require Listing as a Result of the Section 112(c)(6) Analysis

A review of the available data indicates that a substantial majority of source categories emitting section 112(c)(6) pollutants have already been listed for regulation under section 112(d)(2) or are subject to regulation under equivalent authorities. Based on EPA’s current information, in order to meet the section 112(c)(6) requirement to assure that the sources of at least 90 percent of the aggregate emissions of each specific HAP are subject to standards, the following source categories require such listing: Open burning of scrap tires and gasoline distribution, leaded aviation fuel. The source category, wood treatment and preservation, had appeared in the draft listing Federal Register notice, but has been removed from consideration for this list. Comments were submitted that significantly reduced the emissions estimates for this source category, as well as changes that affected estimates of other source category emissions, resulting in a lower percent contribution from this source category and in its removal from this listing.

This listing under section 112(c)(6) identifies source categories for which standards under section 112(d)(2) or (d)(4) will be developed, but by itself does not automatically result in regulation or control of emissions from sources within these source categories. The EPA will perform further analyses on emissions and control methods for the listed source categories. This regulatory development analysis will determine any ultimate regulatory requirements.

A summary of the reasons for each of the above source category’s inclusion follows. —Open burning of scrap tires: Although

data submitted in response to the draft listing package resulted in a significant reduction in the emissions estimate for this source category, it still accounts for a significant portion of POM emissions in the section 112(c)(6) analysis (14.3 percent defined as 7–PAH, and 3.4 percent defined as 16–PAH). Subjecting emissions from this source to standards will bring the percentage of 7–PAH emissions that are subject to standards up to the level of 99.3 percent, and 16–PAH emissions up to the level of 90.2 percent. The EPA realizes that scrap tires are not routinely burned in the open as part of agricultural or industrial processes and that these sources are different from facilities designed for the incineration of scrap tires. There are numerous storage piles of scrap tires across the country created through legal and illegal practices. These storage piles are often set on fire by arson, accident, or natural causes (lightning). Some states and organizations have created rules and guidelines designed to reduce and eventually eliminate the fire threat posed by stockpiled tires. The EPA will consider these efforts in developing a section 112(d)(2) standard for this source category. These emissions involve inadvertent and incidental releases of emissions rather than discharges as a direct result of process operations; as such it is analogous to the incidental but significant release of emissions through process leaks or from solvent-laden cleaning rags. The EPA believes it can subject these sources to standards in a fashion similar to its approach to other sources from which significant emissions could result from unsafe or ineffective work management practices. —Gasoline distribution, aviation fuel:

This category, consists of evaporative losses from the transfer and storage of leaded aviation fuel, and aircraft refueling and associated spillage. Note that these emissions are associated with fuel containing alkylated lead, commonly referred to as aviation gas, and used primarily in general aviation aircraft. This is not the same as commercial jet fuel. This source category accounts for 81.3 percent of the 1990 base year inventory. However, since leaded gasoline has been banned for use in motor vehicles since the 1990 inventory estimate, this source category accounts for the only known remaining emissions of alkylated lead. Thus listing this source category will subject 100 percent of current alkylated lead emissions to standards. VI. Regulatory Requirements A. General

Today’s notice is not a rule; it is essentially a housekeeping or maintenance activity which does not impose regulatory requirements or costs on any sources, including small businesses. Therefore, the EPA has not prepared an economic impact analysis pursuant to section 317 of the Act, nor a regulatory flexibility analysis pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility Act (Pub. L. 96–354, September 19, 1980), nor a budgetary impact statement pursuant to the Unfunded Mandates Act of 1995. Also, this notice does not contain any information collection requirements and, therefore, is not subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. B. Executive Order 12866 and Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Review

Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735; October 4, 1993), the Agency must determine whether a regulatory action is ‘‘significant’’ and therefore subject to OMB review and the requirements of the Executive Order. The Order defines ‘‘significant’’ regulatory action as one that is likely to lead to a rule that may either: (1) Have an annual effect on this economy of $100 million or more, or adversely and materially affect a sector of the economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public health or safety, or State, local or tribal governments or communities; (2) create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by another agency; (3) materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients thereof; or (4) raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal mandates, the President’s priorities, or

### 17847 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices the principles set forth in the Executive Order.

Pursuant to the terms of Executive Order 12866, this is not a ‘‘significant regulatory action’’ within the meaning of the Executive Order. This notice was submitted to OMB for review. Any written comments from OMB and written EPA responses are available in the docket. C. Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996

Today’s action is not a rule subject to notice-and-comment requirements and is thus not subject to the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996. In addition, as mentioned above, this notice merely lists categories of sources and does not impose any regulatory requirements. Consequently, this notice will not have any economic impact on small entities. D. Submission to Congress and the Comptroller General

The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, does not apply because this action is not a rule, as that term is defined in 5 U.S.C. 804(3).

Dated: April 3, 1998. Richard D. Wilson, Acting Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation. 

### T ABLE 

### 1.—S UMMARY OF 

### 1990 E MISSION 

### I NVENTORY 

### D ATA FOR 

### S ECTION 

### 112(C)(6) P OLLUTANTS 

### (T ONS 

### /Y R 

### )
Source category POM 2,3,7,8- TCDD TEQ Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated lead 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM Abrasive Grain (Media) Manufacturing

............................... .................. 2.48e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Adhesives and Sealants (SICs combined)

......................... .................. 4.18e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Aerospace Industry (Surface Coating)

............................... .................. 1.64e+03

.................. .................. 4.00e+00

.................. .................. .................. Agricultural Chemicals

........................................................ .................. 9.03e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Asphalt Hot-Mix Production

................................................ 9.40e

¥ 02 4.37e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Asphalt Roofing Production

................................................ 1.68e+00 4.36e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Battery Production

.............................................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.00e

¥ 02

.................. .................. .................. Blast Furnace and Steel Mills

............................................. .................. 4.99e+02

.................. .................. 2.50e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Carbamate Insecticides Production

.................................... .................. 4.08e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Carbon Black Production

.................................................... 4.50e

¥ 01 4.33e+00

.................. .................. 2.50e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Carbon Reactivation Furnaces

........................................... .................. .................. .................. 1.25e

¥ 07

.................. .................. .................. .................. Chemical Manufacturing: Cyclic Crude and Intermediate

Production

....................................................................... .................. 1.04e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Chemical Preparations (SICs combined)

........................... .................. 6.79e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Chloralkali Production

......................................................... .................. 4.52e+00

.................. .................. 9.80e+00

.................. .................. .................. Chlorinated Solvents Production

........................................ .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 5.81e

¥ 01

.................. Chromium Plating: Chromic Anodizing

............................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.50e

¥ 03

.................. .................. .................. Cigarette Smoke

................................................................. 5.20e

¥ 01 3.45e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Clay Refractories

................................................................ .................. 5.00e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Cleaning Products (SICs combined)

.................................. .................. 1.38e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Coke Ovens: By-Product Recovery Plants

........................ .................. 7.78e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Coke Ovens: Charging, Topside & Door Leaks

................. 7.18e+01 5.39e+02 6.79e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching & Battery Stacks

......... 3.01e+01 5.17e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Commercial Coal Combustion

............................................ 3.60e+01 1.73e+02 2.74e+03

.................. 7.77e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Commercial Natural Gas Combustion

................................ .................. 3.00e

¥ 02 1.92e+03

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Commercial Oil Combustion

............................................... 3.16e

¥ 02 5.33e+01 1.32e+03

.................. 2.00e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Commercial Printing, Gravure

............................................ .................. 2.89e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Commercial Printing, Letterpress and Screen

................... .................. 1.04e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Commercial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion

................. 1.01e+00 3.58e+01 1.95e+03

.................. 8.00e

¥ 03

.................. .................. .................. Consumer Products Usage

................................................ .................. 5.73e+03

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Crematories

........................................................................ 1.42e

¥ 08 8.33e

¥ 06

.................. 9.15e

¥ 12 3.77e

¥ 04

.................. .................. .................. Custom Compound Purchased Resins Manufacture

......... .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.28e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Dental Preparation and Use

............................................... .................. .................. .................. 8.00e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. .................. Drum and Barrel Reclamation

............................................ 1.27e

¥ 06 8.19e

¥ 05

.................. 2.51e

¥ 07

.................. .................. .................. .................. Electronic and Other Electric Equipment Manufacturing

(SICs combined)

............................................................. .................. 3.05e+01

.................. .................. 8.83e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Fabricated Metal Products

.................................................. .................. 1.43e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Fabricated Rubber Products

............................................... .................. 1.48e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Ferroalloy Manufacture

....................................................... 2.60e

¥ 01 5.60e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Fiber Cans, Drums, and Similar Products

.......................... .................. 5.06e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Fluorescent Lamp Recycling

.............................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 6.00e

¥ 03

.................. .................. Food Products (SICs combined)

........................................ .................. 3.54e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Gasoline Distribution (Aviation)

.......................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 3.75e

¥ 01 Gasoline Distribution (Stage I)

........................................... .................. 3.55e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 8.64e

¥ 02 Gasoline Distribution (Stage II)

.......................................... .................. 3.74e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.92e

¥ 02 General Laboratory Activities

............................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 8.00e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Geothermal Power

.............................................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.30e+00

.................. .................. .................. Gum and Wood Chemical

.................................................. .................. 5.00e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Hazardous Waste Incineration

........................................... 2.09e

¥ 02 1.75e

¥ 01

.................. 3.30e

¥ 05 3.20e+00 2.78e

¥ 02

.................. .................. Industrial Coal Combustion

................................................ 3.09e+00 1.57e+02 2.41e+03

.................. 2.20e+01

.................. .................. .................. Industrial Gases Manufacturing

.......................................... .................. 9.43e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Industrial Inorganic Chemicals Manufacturing

................... .................. 1.57e+01

.................. .................. 1.00e+00

.................. .................. ..................Industrial Machinery and Electrical Equipment (SICs combined)

.............................................................................. .................. 2.77e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Industrial Natural Gas Combustion

.................................... .................. 2.00e

¥ 02 9.28e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Industrial Oil Combustion

................................................... 3.07e

¥ 02 5.09e+01 4.94e+02

.................. 5.80e+00 4.97e

¥ 05

.................. .................. Industrial Organic Chemicals Manufacturing

...................... .................. 2.27e+02

.................. .................. 2.00e

¥ 02

.................. .................. .................. Industrial Stationary IC Engines—Diesel

........................... 8.93e

¥ 02 5.02e+00 1.93e+03

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Industrial Stationary IC Engines—Natural Gas

.................. 1.03e+00 4.76e+01

.................. .................. 4.47e+00

.................. .................. .................. Industrial Turbines—Diesel Fired

....................................... .................. 1.55e

¥ 02 1.73e+03

.................. 9.00e

¥ 02

.................. .................. .................. Industrial Turbines: Natural Gas Fired

............................... .................. 1.38e+01 7.39e+02

.................. 1.61e+00

.................. .................. .................. Industrial Waste Oil Combustion

........................................ 1.34e+00 7.82e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Industrial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion

...................... 1.21e+00 6.88e+01 4.42e+04 5.07e

¥ 05 2.03e

¥ 01

.................. .................. ..................

### 17848 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices
T ABLE 

### 1.—S UMMARY OF 

### 1990 E MISSION 

### I NVENTORY 

### D ATA FOR 

### S ECTION 

### 112(C)(6) P OLLUTANTS 

### (T ONS 

### /Y R 

### )—Continued

Source category POM 2,3,7,8- TCDD TEQ Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated lead 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM Inorganic Pigments Manufacturing

..................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 5.00e

¥ 03

.................. .................. .................. Instrument Manufacturing

................................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 5.00e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Iron and Steel Foundries

.................................................... 6.00e

¥ 02 1.90e

¥ 01

.................. 1.15e

¥ 05

.................. .................. .................. .................. Lamp Breakage

.................................................................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.50e+00

.................. .................. .................. Landfill (Gas) Flares

........................................................... 1.05e

¥ 03 4.45e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Lightweight Aggegate Kilns

................................................ .................. .................. .................. 3.60e

¥ 06 3.10e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Lime Manufacturing

............................................................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 7.00e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Lubricating Oils and Grease

............................................... .................. 6.00e

¥ 02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Medical Waste Incineration

................................................ .................. 8.00e

¥ 01 1.50e+01 6.60e

¥ 04 5.00e+01 4.03e

¥ 02

.................. .................. Metal Household Furniture

................................................. .................. 2.50e

¥ 03

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Miscellaneous Manufacturing

............................................. .................. 6.58e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Miscellaneous Plastics Products

........................................ .................. 5.76e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Municipal Waste Combustion

............................................. .................. 9.67e

¥ 02 1.82e+02 3.65e

¥ 03 5.50e+01 8.01e

¥ 02

.................. .................. Naphthalene—Miscellaneous Uses

.................................... .................. 1.25e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Naphthalene Production

..................................................... .................. 6.46e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Naphthalene Sulfonates Production

................................... .................. 6.53e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Non-Road Vehicles and Equipment (NRVE)—Aircraft

....... 9.00e

¥ 02 4.79e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Nonmetallic Mineral Products

............................................. .................. 2.50e–03

.................. .................. 5.00e–03

.................. .................. .................. NRVE—Other

..................................................................... 2.40e+01 4.70e+01 2.51e+04

.................. .................. .................. .................. 1.66e

¥ 01 Office Furniture, Except Wood Manufacturing

................... .................. 6.45e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. On-Road Vehicles

............................................................... 3.44e+01 7.59e+01 5.62e+04 9.50e

¥ 05

.................. .................. .................. .................. Open Burning of Scrap Tires

.............................................. 5.25e+01 2.94e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Other Biological Incineration

............................................... .................. .................. 1.05e+00 1.60e

¥ 04

.................. 2.49e

¥ 03

.................. .................. Other Miscellaneous (SICs combined)

............................... .................. 1.45e+00

.................. .................. 2.50e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Other Secondary Nonferrous Metals Recovery

................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 2.50e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Other Structural Clay Products

........................................... .................. 5.60e

¥ 01

.................. .................. 1.10e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. Paints and Allied Products

................................................. .................. 3.07e+01

.................. .................. 7.50e

¥ 03

.................. .................. .................. Paper Coated and Laminated, Packaging

......................... .................. 5.54e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Partitions and Fixtures

........................................................ .................. 4.35e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Pesticides Application

......................................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.46e

¥ 01

.................. Pesticides Manufacture

...................................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 4.58e

¥ 01

.................. Petroleum Refining: All Processes

..................................... 1.64e+01 1.10e+03

.................. .................. 4.35e

¥ 02

.................. .................. .................. Pharmaceutical Preparations and Manufacturing (SICs

combined)

........................................................................ .................. 7.66e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Phthalic Anhydride Production

........................................... .................. 2.62e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Plastic Foam Products Manufacturing

................................ .................. 1.10e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Plastics Material and Resins Manufacturing

...................... .................. 8.55e+00

.................. .................. 4.00e

¥ 03

.................. .................. .................. Porcelain Electrical Supplies

.............................................. .................. 2.08e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Portland Cement Manufacture: Hazardous Waste Kilns

.... 2.08e+00 1.26e+01

.................. 4.75e

¥ 04 2.75e+00

.................. .................. .................. Portland Cement Manufacture: Non-Hazardous Waste

Kilns

................................................................................. 2.60e+00 4.79e+01

.................. 4.29e-05 4.13e+00

.................. .................. .................. Primary Aluminum Production

............................................ 1.41e+02 6.62e+02 3.88e+03

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Primary Copper Production

................................................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 7.40e-01

.................. .................. .................. Primary Lead Smelting

....................................................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.30e+00

.................. .................. .................. Primary Metal Products Manufacturing (SICs combined)

.. .................. 2.69e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Public Building and Related Furniture

................................ 1.16e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Pulp and Paper—Kraft Recovery Furnaces

....................... 3.74e+00 6.49e+02 3.42e

¥ 07 1.90e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. Pulp and Paper—Lime Kilns

.............................................. 2.50e-01 1.83e+02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Pulp and Paper—Sulfite Recovery Furnaces

..................... 6.17e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Residential Coal Combustion

............................................. 3.19e+01 1.03e+02 2.34e

¥ 04 6.00e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. .................. Residential Natural Gas Combustion

................................. 8.02e

¥ 02 5.10e+00 4.14e+03

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Residential Oil Combustion

................................................ 1.70e+00 2.10e+01 1.47e+03 3.78e

¥ 06 3.00e+00

.................. .................. .................. Residential Wood Combustion

........................................... 5.72e+02 8.86e+03 2.36e+05 3.38e

¥ 05

.................. .................. .................. .................. Scrap or Waste Tire Combustion

....................................... 2.17e

¥ 05 5.18e

¥ 03 3.00e

¥ 07 1.04e

¥ 03

.................. .................. .................. .................. Secondary Aluminum Smelting

.......................................... 1.90e

¥ 04

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Secondary Copper Smelting

............................................... .................. .................. 6.80e

¥ 06

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Secondary Lead Smelting

.................................................. 1.90e

¥ 02 6.99e+01 4.25e

¥ 06 1.13e

¥ 02

.................. .................. .................. .................. Secondary Mercury Production

.......................................... .................. .................. 7.52e

¥ 01

.................. .................. .................. .................. Sewage Sludge Incineration

............................................... 8.67e

¥ 03 1.64e+00 2.65e

¥ 05 1.80e+00 5.12e

¥ 03 Ship Building and Repair (Surface Coating)

...................... 1.44e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Surface Active Agents Manufacturing

................................ 7.41e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Textiles (SICs Combined)

................................................... 9.68e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Tire Manufacturing

.............................................................. 7.00e+00

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 4.35e

¥ 01

..................Transportation Equipment Manufacturing (SICs combined)

.............................................................................. 5.16e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Utility Coal Combustion

...................................................... 2.10e

¥ 01 7.55e+00 3.86e+04 1.10e

¥ 04 5.10e+01 6.80e

¥ 01

.................. .................. Utility Natural Gas Combustion

.......................................... 6.90e

¥ 01 1.00e+03 1.60e

¥ 03

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Utility Oil Combustion

......................................................... 5.00e

¥ 02 5.70e

¥ 01 5.31e+02 7.00e

¥ 06 2.50e

¥ 01 1.49e

¥ 04

.................. .................. Utility Turbines—Diesel Fired

............................................. 3.00e

¥ 02

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Wildfires and Prescribed Burning

....................................... 9.64e+02 2.54e+03 9.50e

¥ 05

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing

......................... 1.13e+01

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Wood Treatment/Wood Preserving

.................................... 9.04e+01 3.80e

¥ 0 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Total Emissions (tons/yr)

......................................... 1995.80 26476.54 428035.05 0.0059 234.59 0.16 2.30 0.65

### 17849 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices
T ABLE 

### 2.—1990 A NTHROPOGENIC 

### S TATIONARY 

### S OURCE 

### C ATEGORY 

### P ERCENTAGE 

### C ONTRIBUTIONS AND 

### A SSOCIATED 

### R EGULATIONS
Source category POM 2,3,7,8- TCDD TEQ Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated lead Applicable regulation 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM Source Categories Subject to Regulation Percent contribution
Aerospace Industry (Surface Coating) { Subject to regulations is 100% of total values }

. 18.838

.................. .................. 2.226

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).
Asphalt Hot-Mix Production

............. 0.026 0.502

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Asphalt Roofing Production

............. 0.458 0.501

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Blast Furnace and Steel Mills

.......... .................. 5.732

.................. .................. 0.139

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Chemical Manufacturing: Cyclic

Crude and Intermediate Production

. .................. 1.195

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Chloralkali Production

...................... .................. 0.052

.................. .................. 5.453

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Chlorinated Solvents Production

...... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 39.417

.................. Sec. 112(d)(2).Chromium Plating: Chromic Anodizing { Subject to Regulation is 100% of total values }

. .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.001

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).
Coke Ovens: By-Product Recovery

Plants

. .................. 0.894

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Coke Ovens: Charging, Topside &

Door Leaks

. 19.570 6.191 1.043

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching &

Battery Stacks

. 8.204 5.934

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Commercial Printing, Gravure

{ Subject to Regulation is 99.35% of total values }

. .................. 0.330

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Fabricated Metal Products

............... .................. 1.643

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Gasoline Distribution (Stage I)

{ Subject to Regulation is 10% of total values }

. .................. 0.408

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 1.873 Sec. 112(d)(2).

Hazardous Waste Incineration

......... 0.006 0.002

.................. 0.616 1.781 17.721

.................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).Industrial Organic Chemicals Manufacturing { Subject to Regulation is 98.91% of total values }

. .................. 2.579

.................. .................. 0.011

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).
Lightweight Aggregate Kilns

............ .................. .................. .................. 0.067 0.173

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Naphthalene Production

................... .................. 0.742

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Paints and Allied Products

............... .................. 0.353

.................. .................. 0.004

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).Paper Coated and Laminated, Packaging

. .................. 0.636

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Pesticides Manufacture

.................... .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 31.072

.................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Petroleum Refining: All Processes

{ Subject to Regulation is 97.55% of total values }

. 4.360 12.326

.................. .................. 0.024

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).
Phthalic Anhydride Production

......... .................. 0.301

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).Plastic Foam Products Manufacturing

. .................. 1.264

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).Portland Cement Manufacture: Hazardous Waste Kilns

. 0.567 0.145

.................. 8.873 1.530

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).Portland Cement Manufacture: NonHazardous Waste Kilns

. 0.709 0.550

.................. 0.801 2.297

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Primary Aluminum Production

......... 38.431 7.604 5.953

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Pulp and Paper—Kraft Recovery

Furnaces

. 1.019 7.455

.................. 0.006 1.057

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Pulp and Paper—Lime Kilns

............ 0.068 2.102

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Secondary Aluminum Smelting

........ .................. .................. .................. 3.549

.................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Secondary Lead Smelting

................ 0.005 0.803

.................. 0.079 0.006

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2). Ship Building and Repair (Surface

Coating) { Subject to Regulation is 94.41% of total values }

. .................. 0.156

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).
Tire Manufacturing

........................... .................. 0.080

.................. .................. .................. .................. 29.512

.................. Sec. 112(d)(2).Transportation Equipment Manufacturing (SICs combined)

. .................. 0.593

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).
Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing { Subject to Regulation is 97.9% of total values }

. .................. 0.127

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112(d)(2).

Medical Waste Incineration

.............. .................. 0.009 0.023 12.329 27.824 25.689

.................. .................. Sec. 129. Municipal Waste Combustion

.......... .................. 0.001 0.280 68.183 30.606 51.042

.................. .................. Sec. 129. Commercial Coal Combustion

......... 9.812 1.984 4.214

.................. 0.432

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR). Commercial Oil Combustion

............ 0.009 0.612 2.020

.................. 0.111

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR). Commercial Wood/Wood Residue

Combustion b

. 0.275 0.411 2.989

.................. 0.004

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR). Industrial Coal Combustion

.............. 0.842 1.803 3.704

.................. 12.253

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR). Industrial Oil Combustion

................. 0.008 0.584 0.759

.................. 3.228 0.032

.................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR). Industrial Stationary IC Engines—

Diesel

. 0.024 0.058 2.963

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR). Industrial Stationary IC Engines—

Natural Gas

. 0.281 0.547

.................. .................. 2.487

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

### 17850 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices
T ABLE 

### 2.—1990 A NTHROPOGENIC 

### S TATIONARY 

### S OURCE 

### C ATEGORY 

### P ERCENTAGE 

### C ONTRIBUTIONS AND 

### A SSOCIATED 

### R EGULATIONS 

### —Continued
Source category POM 2,3,7,8- TCDD TEQ Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated lead Applicable regulation 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM Industrial Wood/Wood Residue

Combustion b

. 0.330 0.790 67.883 0.947 0.113

.................. .................. .................. Sec. 112 (ICCR). Total % Contribution for Sources

Subject to Regulation

. 85.003 86.834 91.829 95.452 91.762 94.484 100.000 1.873
112(c)(6) Source Categories for Listing Percent contribution
Gasoline Distribution (Aviation)

........ .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 81.266 Open Burning of Scrap Tires

........... 14.309 3.377

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Total % Contribution for 112(c)(6)

Source Categories for Listing

. 14.309 3.377 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 81.266 Cumulative % Contribution Total

..... 99.313 90.211 91.829 95.452 91.762 94.484 100.000 83.140 Other Source Categories that Are Candidates for Listing Percent contribution
Abrasive Grain (Media) Manufacturing

. .................. 0.285

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................Adhesives and Sealants (SICs combined) a

. .................. 0.048

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Agricultural Chemicals a

.................... .................. 0.104

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Battery Production

............................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.011

.................. .................. .................. Carbamate Insecticides Production a

.................. 0.047

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Carbon Black Production a

............... 0.123 0.050

.................. .................. 0.139

.................. .................. .................. Carbon Reactivation Furnaces

........ .................. .................. .................. 0.002

.................. .................. .................. ..................Chemical Preparations (SICs combined)

. .................. 0.078

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Clay Refractories a

............................ .................. 0.006

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Cleaning Products (SICs combined)

.................. 0.016

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................Commercial Natural Gas Combustion a

. .................. <0.001 2.950

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Commercial Printing, Gravure { Not

Subject to Regulation is 0.65% of total values }

. .................. 0.002

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Commercial Printing, Letterpress a

... .................. 0.119

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Crematories a

.................................... <0.001 <0.001

.................. <0.001 <0.001

.................. .................. ..................Custom Compound Purchased Resins Manufacture

. .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.071

.................. .................. .................. Dental Preparation and Use

............ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.445

.................. .................. .................. Drum and Barrel Reclamation

......... <0.001 <0.001

.................. 0.005

.................. .................. .................. ..................Electronic and Other Electric Equipment Manufacturing (SICs combined)

. .................. 0.350

.................. .................. 0.491

.................. .................. ..................
Fabricated Rubber Products

............ .................. 1.700

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Ferroalloy Manufacture a

.................. 0.071 0.006

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Fiber Cans, Drums, and Similar

Products

. .................. 0.058

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Fluorescent Lamp Recycling

............ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.003

.................. .................. .................. Food Products (SICs combined) a

.... .................. 0.041

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Gasoline Distribution (Stage I) { Not

Subject to Regulation is 90% of total value }

. .................. 3.670

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 16.86
General Laboratory Activities

........... .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.445

.................. .................. .................. Geothermal Power

........................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.723

.................. .................. .................. Gum and Wood Chemical a

.............. .................. 0.006

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Industrial Gases Manufacturing

....... .................. 0.108

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................Industrial Inorganic Chemicals Manufacturing

. .................. 0.180

.................. .................. 0.556

.................. .................. .................. Industrial Machinery and Electrical

Equipment (SICs combined) a

. .................. 0.032

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Industrial Natural Gas Combustion a

.................. <0.001 1.425

.................. .................. .................. .................. ..................Industrial Organic Chemicals Manufacturing { Not Subject to Regulation is 1.19% of total values }

. .................. 0.028

.................. .................. <0.001

.................. .................. ..................
Industrial Turbines—Diesel Fired a

... .................. <0.001 2.658

.................. 0.050

.................. .................. .................. Industrial Turbines—Natural Gas

Fired a

. .................. 0.159 1.135

.................. 0.896

.................. .................. .................. Industrial Waste Oil Combustion a

.... 0.365 0.090

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Inorganic Pigments Manufacturing

.. .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.003

.................. .................. .................. Instrument Manufacturing

................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.278

.................. .................. .................. Iron Foundries a

................................ 0.016 0.002

.................. 0.215

.................. .................. .................. .................. Lamp Breakage

................................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.835

.................. .................. .................. Landfill (Gas) Flares a

....................... < 0.001 0.005

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Lime Manufacturing a

........................ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.390

.................. .................. .................. Lubricating Oils and Grease a

.......... .................. 0.001

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Metal Household Furniture a

............. .................. < 0.001

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Miscellaneous Manufacturing

........... .................. 0.076

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................

### 17851 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices
T ABLE 

### 2.—1990 A NTHROPOGENIC 

### S TATIONARY 

### S OURCE 

### C ATEGORY 

### P ERCENTAGE 

### C ONTRIBUTIONS AND 

### A SSOCIATED 

### R EGULATIONS 

### —Continued
Source category POM 2,3,7,8- TCDD TEQ Mercury PCB HCB Alkylated lead Applicable regulation 7–PAH 16–PAH EOM Miscellaneous Plastics Products a

.... .................. 0.066

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Naphthalene—Miscellaneous Uses a

.................. 0.014

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Naphthalene Sulfonates Production a

.................. 0.075

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Nonmetallic Mineral Products

.......... .................. < 0.001

.................. .................. 0.003

.................. .................. ..................Office Furniture, Except Wood Manufacturing a

. .................. 0.074

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Other Biological Incineration a

.......... .................. .................. 0.002 2.989

.................. 1.585

.................. ..................Other Miscellaneous (SICs combined)

. .................. 0.017

.................. .................. 0.139

.................. .................. .................. Other Secondary Nonferrous Metals

Recovery

. .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.139

.................. .................. .................. Other Structural Clay Products a

...... .................. 0.006

.................. .................. 0.061

.................. .................. .................. Partitions and Fixtures a

................... .................. 0.050

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Petroleum Refining: All Processes

{Ν ot Subject to Regulation is 2.45% of total value }

. 0.110 0.310

.................. .................. 0.001

.................. .................. .................. Pharmaceutical Preparations and

Manufacturing (SICs combined) a

. .................. 0.009

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................Plastics Material and Resins Manufacturing a

. .................. 0.098

.................. .................. 0.002

.................. .................. .................. Porcelain Electrical Supplies

............ .................. 0.024

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Primary Copper Production a

............ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.412

.................. .................. .................. Primary Lead Smelting a

................... .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.723

.................. .................. ..................Primary Metal Products Manufacturing (SICs combined)

. .................. 0.309

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................Public Building and Related Furniture a

. .................. 0.133

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Pulp and Paper—Sulfite Recovery

Furnaces a

. .................. 0.071

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Scrap or Waste Tire Incineration a

... < 0.001 < 0.001

.................. 0.006

.................. 0.666

.................. .................. Secondary Copper Smelting

............ .................. .................. .................. 0.127

.................. .................. .................. .................. Secondary Mercury Production

........ .................. .................. .................. .................. 0.418

.................. .................. .................. Sewage Sludge Incineration a

.......... 0.002 0.019

.................. 0.495 1.002 3.265

.................. .................. Ship Building and Repair (Surface

Coating) { Not Subject to Regulation is 5.59% of total value }

. .................. 0.009

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................Surface Active Agents Manufacturing a

. .................. 0.085

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Textiles (SICs Combined) a

.............. .................. 0.111

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................Wood Household Furniture Manufacturing { Not Subject to Regulation is 2.1% of total value }

. .................. 0.003

.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Wood Treatment/Wood Preserving

.. .................. 1.038

.................. 0.710

.................. .................. .................. .................. Total % Contribution for Other

Source Categories that are Candidates for Listing

. 0.687 9.789 8.171 4.548 8.238 5.516 0.000 16.860

a Source categories for which major sources are listed for regulation under section 112(c)(1), but for which the EPA is not counting emissions toward the section 112(c)(6) 90 percent goal. These source categories emit minor amounts of 112(c)(6) HAPs, and, as such, although the major sources in the source category will be regulated under section 112(d)(2), as already planned, the area sources will not.

b At this time, it is unclear as to whether this source category will be regulated as section 112 or section 129 authority. 

### T ABLE 

### 3.—C ROSS 

### -R EFERENCE 

### B ETWEEN 

### S ECTION 

### 112(c)(6) I NVENTORY OF 

### S OURCES AND 

### A PPLICABLE 

### R EGULATIONS 112(c)(6) Category Applicable regulation 112 Source Category Names a
Adhesives and Sealants

....... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Manufacture of Paints, Coatings, and Adhesives. b Aerospace Industry (Surface

Coating)

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Aerospace Industries. Agricultural Chemicals

.......... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... 4-Chloro-2-Methylphenoxyacetic Acid Production, 2,4-D Salts and Esters Production,4,6-Dinitro-o-Cresol Production, Butadiene-Furfural Cotrimer Production, Captafol Production, Captan Production, Chloroneb Production, Chlorothalonil Production, Dacthal(tm) Production, Sodium Pentachlorophenate Production, Tordon (tm) Acid Production. b Asphalt Hot-Mix Production

.. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Asphalt Concrete Manufacturing. Asphalt Roofing Production

.. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Asphalt Roofing Manufacturing. Blast Furnace and Steel Mills Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Integrated Iron and Steel Manufacture.Carbamate Insecticides Production

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... 4-Chloro-2-Methylphenoxyacetic Acid Production, 2,4-D Salts and Esters Production,4,6-Dinitro-o-Cresol Production, Butadiene-Furfural Cotrimer Production, Captafol Production, Captan Production, Chloroneb Production, Chlorothalonil Production, Dacthal(tm) Production, Sodium Pentachlorophenate Production, Tordon (tm) Acid Production. Carbon Black Production

...... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Carbon Black Production.

### 17852 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices
T ABLE 

### 3.—C ROSS 

### -R EFERENCE 

### B ETWEEN 

### S ECTION 

### 112(c)(6) I NVENTORY OF 

### S OURCES AND 

### A PPLICABLE 

### R EGULATIONS



### — Continued
112(c)(6) Category Applicable regulation 112 Source Category Names aChemical Manufacturing: Cyclic Crude and Intermediate Production

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.

Chloralkali Production

........... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Chlorine Production.Chlorinated Solvents Production

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. Chromium Plating: Chromic

Anodizing

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Chromic Acid Anodizing. Clay Refractories

................... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Chromium Refractory Production. cCoke Ovens: By-Product Recovery Plants

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Coke By-Product Plants.Coke Ovens: Charging, Topside & Door Leaks

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Coke Ovens: Charging, Top Side, and Door Leaks. Coke Ovens: Pushing,

Quenching & Battery Stacks

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and Battery Stacks.
Commercial Printing, Gravure Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Printing/Publishing (Surface Coating).Commercial Printing, Letterpress and Screen

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Printing/Publishing (Surface Coating).
Fabricated Metal Products

.... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaning. Ferroalloy Manufacture

......... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Ferroalloys Production. Food Products

....................... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Vegetable Oil Production. Gasoline Distribution (Stage

I)

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Gasoline Distribution (Stage 1). Gum and Wood Chemical

..... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.Hazardous Waste Incineration

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Hazardous Waste Incineration. Industrial Machinery and

Electrical Equipment

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (Surface Coating), Semiconductor Manufacturing, Halogenated Solvent Cleaning. Industrial Organic Chemicals

Manufacturing

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. Iron Foundries

....................... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Iron Foundries. Lightweight Aggregate Kilns Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Hazardous Waste Incineration. Lime Manufacturing

............... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Lime Manufacturing. Lubricating Oils and Grease Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Organic Liquids Distribution (Non-Gasoline), Petroleum Refineries. Metal Household Furniture

.... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Metal Furniture (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaners.Miscellaneous Plastics Products

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Plastic Parts and Products (Surface Coating). Naphthalene—Miscellaneous

Uses

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. Naphthalene Production

........ Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.Naphthalene Sulfonates Production

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. Office Furniture, Except

Wood Manufacturing

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Metal Furniture (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaners.Other Structural Clay Products

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Clay Products Manufacturing. Paints and Allied Products

.... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Manufacture of Paints, Coatings, and Adhesives. bPaper Coated and Laminated, Packaging

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Printing/Publishing (Surface Coating), Paper and Other Webs (Surface Coating). Partitions and Fixtures

.......... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Metal Furniture (Surface Coating), Wood Furniture (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaners, Flat Wood Paneling, Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (Surface Coating), Plastic Parts and Products (Surface Coating). Pesticides Manufacture

......... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... 4-Chloro-2-Methylphenoxyacetic Acid Production, 2,4-D Salts and Esters Production,4,6-Dinitro-o-Cresol Production, Butadiene-Furfural Cotrimer Production, Captafol Production, Captan Production, Chloroneb Production, Chlorothalonil Production, Dacthal(tm) Production, Sodium Pentachlorophenate Production, Tordon (tm) Acid Production.Petroleum Refining: All Processes

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Petroleum Refineries—Other Sources Not Distinctly Listed, Petroleum Refineries—Catalytic Cracking (Fluid and other) Units, Catalytic Reforming Units, and Sulfur Plant Units. Pharmaceutical Preparations

and Manufacturing

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Pharmaceuticals Production.Phthalic Anhydride Production

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing.Plastic Foam Products Manufacturing

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Flexible Polyurethane Foam Production.

### 17853 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices
T ABLE 

### 3.—C ROSS 

### -R EFERENCE 

### B ETWEEN 

### S ECTION 

### 112(c)(6) I NVENTORY OF 

### S OURCES AND 

### A PPLICABLE 

### R EGULATIONS



### — Continued 112(c)(6) Category Applicable regulation 112 Source Category Names a
Plastics Material and Resins

Manufacturing

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Acetal Resins Production, Alkyd Resins Production, Amino Resins Production, Boat Manufacturing, Carboxymethylcellulose Production, Cellophane Production, CelluloseEthers Production, Maleic Anhydride Copolymers Production, Methylcellulose Production, Phenolic Resins Production, Polyester Resins Production, Polymerized Vinylidene Chloride Production, Polymethyl Methacrylate Resins Production, Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsions Production, Polyvinyl Alcohol Production, Polyvinyl Butyral Production,Polyvinyl Chloride and Copolymers Production, Reinforced Plastic Composites Production, Epoxy Resins Production and Non-Nylon Polyamides Production, Polyether Polyols Production, Group I Polymers and Resins, Group IV Polymers and Resins: acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin (ABS), styrene acrylonitrile resin (SAN), methylmethacrylate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin (MABS), methyl methacrylate butadiene styrene resin (MBS), polystyrene resin, poly (ethylene terephthalate) resin (PET), and nitrile resin. bPortland Cement Manufacture: Hazardous Waste Kilns

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Hazardous Waste Incineration.

Portland Cement Manufacture: Non-Hazardous Waste Kilns

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Portland Cement Manufacturing.
Primary Aluminum Production Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Primary Aluminum Production. Primary Copper Production

... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Primary Copper Smelting. Primary Lead Smelting

.......... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Primary Lead Smelting. Public Building and Related

Furniture

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Metal Furniture (Surface Coating), Halogenated Solvent Cleaners, Wood Furniture (Surface Coating).Pulp and Paper—Kraft Recovery Furnaces

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Pulp and Paper Production. Pulp and Paper—Lime Kilns Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Pulp and Paper Production.Pulp and Paper—Sulfite Recovery Furnaces

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Pulp and Paper Production.Secondary Aluminum Smelting

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Secondary Aluminum Production. Secondary Lead Smelting

..... Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Secondary Lead Smelting. Sewage Sludge Incineration Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Sewage Sludge Incineration. Ship Building and Repair

(Surface Coating)

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Shipbuilding and Ship Repair (Surface Coating).Surface Active Agents Manufacturing

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. Textiles

.................................. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Printing, Coating, and Dyeing of Fabrics. Tire Manufacturing

................ Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Tire Production. Transportation Equipment

Manufacturing

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (Surface Coating), Auto and Light Duty Truck(Surface Coating), Shipbuilding and Ship Repair (Surface Coating), Boat Manufacturing, Halogenated Solvent Cleaners. Wood Household Furniture

Manufacturing

. Sec. 112(d)(2)

........... Wood Furniture (Surface Coating). Medical Waste Incineration

... Sec. 129

.................... Medical Waste Incineration. Municipal Waste Combustion Sec. 129

.................... Municipal Waste Combustion.Commercial Coal Combustion

. Sec. 112 (ICCR)

........ Institutional/Commercial Boilers. d Commercial Natural Gas

Combustion

. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

....... Institutional/Commercial Boilers. d Commercial Oil Combustion Sec. 112 (ICCR).

....... Institutional/Commercial Boilers. d Commercial Wood/Wood

Residue Combustion

. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

....... Institutional/Commercial Boilers. d Industrial Coal Combustion

... Sec. 112 (ICCR).

....... Industrial Boilers. dIndustrial Natural Gas Combustion

. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

....... Industrial Boilers. d Industrial Oil Combustion

...... Sec. 112 (ICCR).

....... Industrial Boilers. dIndustrial Stationary IC Engines—Diesel

. Sec. 112 (ICCR)

........ Stationary Internal Combustion Engines. dIndustrial Stationary IC Engines—Natural Gas

. Sec. 112 (ICCR)

........ Stationary Internal Combustion Engines. d Industrial Turbines—Diesel

Fired

. Sec. 112 (ICCR)

........ Stationary Turbines. d Industrial Turbines: Natural

Gas Fired

. Sec. 112 (ICCR)

........ Stationary Turbines. dIndustrial Waste Oil Combustion

. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

....... Industrial Boilers. dIndustrial Wood/Wood Residue Combustion

. Sec. 112 (ICCR)

........ Industrial Boilers. d Landfill (Gas) Flares

.............. Sec. 112 (ICCR).

....... Municipal Landfills. d

### 17854 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices
T ABLE 

### 3.—C ROSS 

### -R EFERENCE 

### B ETWEEN 

### S ECTION 

### 112(c)(6) I NVENTORY OF 

### S OURCES AND 

### A PPLICABLE 

### R EGULATIONS



### — Continued
112(c)(6) Category Applicable regulation 112 Source Category Names a
Crematories

........................... Sec. 129 (ICCR)

........ Crematories. d Other Biological Incineration Sec. 129 (ICCR)

........ Other Biological Incineration. dScrap or Waste Tire Incineration

. Sec. 129 (ICCR)

........ Scrap or Waste Tire Incineration. d

a 112 Source Category Names were from the National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Revision of List of Categories of Sources and Schedule for Standards Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act, Federal Register Notice, February 12, 1998 pages 7155–7166.

b The reader is referred to a November 7, 1996 Federal Register Notice (61 FR 57602) which concerns the anticipated listing action involving the subsumption of a number of sourcecategories into one source category, called the Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Processes source category. Each of the anticipated subsumed categories are scheduled for standards promulgation no later than November 15, 2000; thus, the new source category would be also scheduled for that regulatory time frame.

c Source category ‘‘chromium refractory production’’ will be expanded to become ‘‘refractories production.’’ d The Industrial Combustion Coordinated Rulemaking (ICCR) is to regulate various combustion sources by consolidating authorities under sections 112 and 129. The section 112 categories are: combustion turbines, reciprocating internal combustion engines, process heaters, institutional/commercial boilers, and industrial boilers; while the section 129 categories are: industrial/commercial incinerators and other solid waste incinerators.

BILLING CODE 6560–50–P

### 17855 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 69 / Friday, April 10, 1998 / Notices

[FR Doc. 98–9557 Filed 4–9–98; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560–50–C

## DRAFT – Do Not Cite or Quote (September 2008) 

# Estimated Mercury Emissions from Gold Mini ng Production Processes in 1990

I. Introduction and Background: The initial EPA mercury emissions inve ntory for year 1990 developed for the 112(c)(6) project in the mid-1990s (U.S. EPA 1998) as well as other inventories that EPA published about the same time (e.g., U.S. EPA, 1997) had no estimate of mercury emissions from gold mining production processes, largely because of lack of data and information on mercury emissions from th ese processes during the 1990 timeframe. In about the 1998-2000 timeframe, data and estimates became available for mercury emissions from gold mining production processes in the U.S.A., partly due to the lowering of the reporting limit for merc ury under the U.S. EPA’s Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) from 10,000 pounds to 10 pounds per year for reporting year 2000 (U.S. EPA, 2000a). Available information indicate s that about 7 to 11 tons of mercury were emitted per year from this industry in th e U.S.A. during the 1999-2001 timeframe (U.S. EPA 2006, U.S. EPA, 2000b, Nevada DEP, 2003). In the 1990 timeframe, about 294,000 kg of gold were produced in the U.S. (USGS, 2006). The 1990 gold production was about 16% lower than the gold production in 1999, which was about 341,000 kg (USGS, 20 06). As explained further below, because of the different ore types and pr ocesses used in 1990 compared to 1999 (and more recent years), and because of the lo wer overall gold production rates, mercury emissions in 1990 were also lower than mercury emissions in 1999-2001 timeframe. In 1999 (and more recent years), there were three large facilities in Nevada (Barrick Goldstrike, Newmont Gold Qua rry, and Jerritt Canyon) that operated high temperature roasters to treat non-oxide ores (sulfidic and/or carbonaceous ores). These three facilities emitted an estimated total of about 8 tons of mercury in 2001 according to baseline data for the Nevada Volunt ary Reduction Program (Nevada DEP, 2003; Queenstake, 2004). The roasters are a majo r source of mercury emissions from gold production facilities. Other pot ential mercury emissions sour ces at gold mines include other thermal processes, such as refine ries, autoclaves, electrowinning cells, carbon regeneration kilns, and retorts. Nonethele ss, roasters have the greatest potential for mercury emissions (Jones and Miller , 2005; and Booz and Allen, 2001). In the 1990 timeframe, Barrick Goldstri ke and Newmont Gold Quarry did not have roasters, thus the mercury emissions fr om those 2 facilities were probably much lower at that time. Jerritt Canyon introduced a roasting circuit in 1989 to process refractory ores (sulfidic and carbonaceous ores). With ores becoming more carbonaceous and refractory as well as with the introduction of highe r-grade ore from underground operations, a dry mill with an ore roasti ng circuit was added in 1989 and continued

## operation up to the present time (Queen stake Resources, 2007; Yukon-Nevada Gold Corp., 2007). Roasting has been used at Je rritt Canyon since 1989 to process gold mine ore (Warnica, et. al., 2002). We believe that the only roasters in operation in 1990 in the U.S. were at Jerritt Canyon. Based on av ailable information, we understand that 2 roasters were in operation at Jerritt Canyon in year 1990 and also in more recent years (e.g., 1998 to 2007). Nevertheless, as described above, overall mercury emissions in U.S. from this sector in 1990 were likel y notably lower than the emissions during the 1999-2001 timeframe because less ore was roasted in 1990 in the U.S.A. compared to 1999-2001 timeframe. Furthermore, there was about 16% less gold production (and therefore less overall ore processing and resulting mercur y emissions) in 1990 compared to the 1999- 2001 timeframe. II. General Approach to Estimate Mercury Emissions for year 1990:
Since there were no 1990 emissions data for gold mining production processes, we estimated the 1990 mercury emissions from this sector by first calculating an emissions factor for facilities that do not ha ve roasters using more recent emissions data (from 2004-05 timeframe) along with gold pr oduction data (also from the 2004-05 timeframe) and then applying the emission fa ctor to the 1990 production and processing scenarios. The most complete data availabl e to calculate such an emissions factor are data for years 2004-05, which are primarily base d on the following: 1. responses to a questionnaire that the State of Nevada DEP sent to all gold and silver production facilities in Nevada in 2006; and 2. responses to a si milar questionnaire that U.S. EPA sent to seven facilities outside Nevada in 2006. The questionnaires were desi gned to gather informati on on processes, production rates, mercury emissions, controls, and ot her relevant data. Responses to the questionnaires provided useful data and info rmation to help characterize processes and mercury emissions from the industry for the 2004-05 timeframe, and provided data that could be used to calculate an emissions f actor to be applied to the 1990 scenario for facilities that did not have roasters. Some data from the U.S. EPA’s Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) were also us ed in the calculations. With regard to the one facility (Jerri tt Canyon) that had roasters in 1990, it is unclear how much ore was processed through th e roasters in 1990. However, available information indicates that ore was proce ssed through the roasters in 1990 at Jerritt Canyon (Queenstake Resources, 2007; Yukon-Nevada Gold Corp., 2007, Warnica, et. al., 2002). With regard to gold production, da ta on gold production rates for 1989 to 2004 are shown in table 2. Jerritt produced 323000 ounces of gold in 1990 (Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, 1994). Table 2 also presents estimated mercury emissions for Jerritt Canyon for years 1998 to 2004. No reported emissions estimates are available for the 1989 to 1997 timeframe for Jerritt Canyon.

## In 2001, Jerritt Canyon installed controls (a hypochlorite injection system) to reduce mercury emissions. Therefore, we be lieve that emissions estimates from some time period before 2001 should be used to ca lculate an emissions factor for the 1990 timeframe for Jeritt. Based on emissions re porting under the Nevada Voluntary Mercury Reduction (VMRP) program, emissions tests were conducted on the roasters in 2000 (Queenstake Resources, 2004). We are not aware of similar em issions testing for 1998 or 1999. We assume the emissions estimates for 1998 and 1999 are largely based on engineering calculations (not tests) and therefore we belie ve that those estimates are probably less accurate than the 2000 estimates. Therefore, of the data available, we believe that data from year 2000 are the most appropriate to calculat e an emissions factor to be applied to the 1990 tim eframe for Jerritt Canyon. Theref ore, as described below, we developed an emissions factor for Je rritt using gold producti on rates and mercury emissions estimates from year 2000.
III. Method to Calculate Emissions: Step 1. We calculated an average me rcury emissions factor for gold mining production processes in U.S.A. that did not use roasters. Our calculation was based on data on gold production rates and mercur y emissions for 17 facilities without roasters for the 2004-05 timeframe. We used primarily data these facilities provided in responses to either Nevada DEP’s or US EPA’s questionnaire. We also used some data from the TRI for a few of these facilities. Step 2. We assumed that gold mining pr oduction processes (processes used, ore types, controls, emissions, etc.) in U.S.A. in 1990 that did not use roasters were on average similar to such pr ocesses in 2004-05 timeframe. Step 3. We assumed that Jerritt Can yon was the only mining production processing company that operated a roaster in 1990. Therefore, we applied the average emissions factor (calculated in step #1 a bove) for facilities without roasters to the total gold production in the U.S.A. in 1990, excluding production by Jerritt Canyon. Step 4. We calculated an emissions fact or (EF) for Jerritt Canyon using emissions estimates and gold production rates fo r Jerritt Canyon from year 2000. The emissions factor was calculated in units of pounds of mercury emissions per ounce of gold produced. This EF was multiplied by gold production rates for 1990 to estimate mercury emissions from Jerritt Canyon in 1990.

IV. Emissions Factor Deve lopment and Uncertainty: The data and calculations to derive an average mercury emissions factor for facilities without roasters ar e shown in table 1. As show n in table 1, the estimated average mercury emissions factor for 17 fac ilities without roasters in 2004-05 timeframe was 0.000289 pounds of mercury emissions pe r ounce of gold produced (0.000289 lbs Hg/oz gold).

## There are some uncertainties in this emi ssions factor (EF) because many of the emissions estimates that were used in the calculations are based on engineering calculations and not actual emi ssions tests. Also, there ar e uncertainties with applying this EF to the 1990 timeframe because the number and type of gold production facilities and mercury concentrations in the ores may have been somewhat different in 1990 compared to the 2004-05 timeframe. Neverthe less, we believe that the EF shown above is a reasonable emissions factor for estimati ng mercury emissions from gold mines in the U.S. for the 1990 timeframe for faciliti es that do not have roasters.
The data and calculations to derive an EF for Jerritt Canyon are shown in table 2. As shown in table 2, the average mercury emi ssions factor for Jerritt Canyon for the year 2000 is 0.02 lbs Hg/oz gold. We believe that th is EF is a reasonable emissions factor for estimating approximate mercury emissions from Jeritt Canyon for the 1990 timeframe.

V. Gold Production rates in 1990: 1. Total gold production in U.S.A. in 1990 from all mines is estimated as 10,348,800 ounces (or 294,000 kg) (USGS, 2006). 2. Gold Production by Jerritt Canyon in 1990 is estimated as 323,000 oz (NDM, 1991).
VI. Calculations to Estimate total Mercury Emissions for 1990 in U.S.A.: 1. Total gold production in U.S.A. in 1990 from all gold mining production processes (except Je rritt Canyon) was approximately 10,025,800 ounces.
2. We estimate that the total mercur y emissions in 1990 for all gold mining production processes (except Jerritt Canyon) is equal to the Emissions Factor (0.000289 lbs Hg/oz gold) multiplied by the amount of Gold Production in 1990 except production from Jerritt Canyon ( 10,025,800 oz gold). The estimated total mercury emissions in 1990 (except emissions from Jerritt Canyon) is 2897 lbs (or about 1.4 tons). 3. With regard to Jerritt Canyon, in 1990 Jerritt Canyon produced 323,000 ounces of gold. As shown in table 2, the emissions factor for Jerritt in year 2000 is 0.02 lbs Hg/oz gold. We assume that this EF represents a reasonable emissions rate for the 1990 timeframe. Therefore, to derive an emissions estimate for 1990 for Jerritt Canyon, we multiply the EF (0.02 lbs Hg/o z gold) times gold production amount for 1990 (323000 ounces), which equals 6460 pounds (or about 3 tons). Thus, we estimate that Jerritt Canyon emitted about 3 tons of mercury in 1990.

## 4. We estimate the total mercury emi ssions from all gold mining production processes in U.S.A. for 1990 by adding the emissions from all processes except Jerritt Canyon (1.4 tons) and emissions from Jerritt Canyon (3 tons). The estimated total mercury emissions from all gold mining production processes in 1990 is 4.4 tons .

VI. Overall Conclusion: Total Mercury Emissions from all gold mines in U.S.A. for year 1990 are estimated to be 4.4 tons.

References: Booz and Allen, 2001. Draft Mercury Mass Bala nce and Emissions Factor Estimates for Gold Ore Processing Facilities. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 9. Prepared by Booz Alle n & Hamilton, Inc. January 14, 2001. Booz and Allen, 2002. Multi-State Inventor y of Gold Ore Processing Facilities. Prepared for U.S. EPA. Region 9. February 28, 2002. GOLDSHEET Mining Direct ory - World Gold Production, available at: http://www.goldsheetlinks.com/production.h tm

df Jones and Miller, 2005. Mercury and Modern Go ld Mining in Nevada. Final Report to U.S. EPA Region IX. By Greg Jones and Gl enn Miller of University of Nevada. October 24, 2005. NMA, 2007. National Mining A ssociation, 2007. Gold and Silver Statistics. Available at: http://www.nma.org/st atistics/pub_gold_silver.asp NDM, 1991. Nevada Department of Mine rals, 1991. Major Mines of Nevada 1990. Nevada DEP, 2003. 2003 Report on Success of Voluntary Mercury Reduction Program (VMRP) with Nevada Gold Mines October 2004. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/docs/region09/toxic/mercury/goldmine.p Nevada Geology, 2001. Quarterly Newsletter of the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. Nevada’s Mineral Production in 2000. Nevada's Minera l Production in 2000 . November 2001. Available at: http://www.nbmg.unr.edu/dox/nl/nl38.htm Queenstake, 2004. Summary Report on the Voluntary Mercury Air Emission Reduction Program. Submitted to Colleen Cripps, De puty Administrator, Nevada Division of Environmental Protection (DEP). July 27, 2004.

## Queenstake Resources, 2007. Jerritt Canyon History. Available at: http://www.queenstake.com/jerritthistory.p hp U.S. EPA, 1997. Mercury Study Report to Congress. December 1997. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Ava ilable at: http://www.epa.gov/mercury/ U.S. EPA, 1998. 1990 Emissions Inventory of Section 112(c)(6) Pollutants. Final Report. U.S. Environmental Protection Agen cy, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. April 1998, available at: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/ atw/112c6/112c6pg.html U.S. EPA, 2000a. Toxics Release Invent ory Reporting Requirements. Persistent Bioaccumulative Toxic (PBT) chemicals. 40 CFR 370.28, 64 FR 58666. U.S. EPA, 2000b. Toxics Re lease Inventory. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/tri/tridata/tri00/index.h tm U.S. EPA, 2006. EPA’s Roadmap for Mercury. July 2006. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/mercury/roadmap.htm USGS, 2006. United States Geological Surv ey. Gold Statistics. April 13, 2006. Available at: http://minerals.usgs .gov/ds/2005/140/gold.pdf U.S. EPA, 2007. Evaluation of Mercury Em issions from Gold Mines in U.S.A. Summary of Responses to U.S. EPA Questi onnaire and Nevada Questionnaire. Final Review Draft. August 2007. Warnica, et. al. 2002. David Warnica, A ndy Cole, and Stanley Bunk, 2002. Design of Barrick Goldstrike’s Two-stage Roaster”. Mi neral Processing Plant Design, Practice, and Control. Proceedings. Volume 2. SME. Edited by Andrew L. Mulnar, Doug N. Halbe, and Derek J. Barratt. October, 2002. Yukon-Nevada Gold Corp. 2007. Home Page. Available at website: http://www.yukon-nevadagold.c om/s/JerrittCanyon.asp.NewmontLoneNV49.70E06Draft - Table 1. Data on Gold Production and Mercury Emissions from 17 Gold Mining Production facilities that do not have Roasters(in the 2004-05 timeframe) and Calculation of an Average Mercury Emissions Factor for such Facilities (July 2008).Facility nameStateOunces goldproduced per(in 2004 or 200timeframe)year5Estimatedmercuryemissions fo2004-05 (inpounds per yrear)Pounds ofmercuryemissions perounce of goldproducedCortez Gold Mines Mill #2 (Pipeline Mill)NV9999614924.92E-04Cripple Creek & Victor Gold Mining CompanyCO32962534.31.04E-04Coeur Rochester, Inc.NV694564.97.05E-05Round Mountain Gold - Smoky Valley Common Oper.NV76296622.62.96E-05Newmont Mining Corporation - Twin Creeks MineNV11237555635.01E-04Florida Canyon MineNV730825.527.55E-05Western Mesquite Mines, Inc. - Mesquite MineCA238181.25.04E-05Golden Sunlight Mines, Inc.MT885920.566.32E-06Bald Mountain Mine (including Mooney Basin)NV4668553.251.14E-03Kennecott Greens Creek Mining Company (KGCMC)AK608735.438.92E-05Newmont Midas OperationsNV21453812.976.05E-05Mineral Ridge MineNV3484339.47E-03Plum Mining Company LLCNV28361.896.66E-04Homestake Mining Company - Ruby Hill MineNV169531.77E-03Newmont Lone TreeNV41236449.70E-06Newmont - Trenton CanyonNV1724315.80E-05Kennecott Denton Rawhide MineNV54757.8523.65E-05Total for all 17 mines4285730.851240.622.89E-04EF = Emissions FactorEF = Total Mercury Emissions divided by total gold produced = 0.000289 pounds of mercury emissions per oz gold producedReference: U.S. EPA, 2007. Evaluation of Mercury Emissions from Gold Mining Production Processes in U.S.A. Summary ofResponses to U.S. EPA Questionnaire and Nevada Questionnaire. Final Review Draft. August 2007.20044612429120001897807Draft - Table 2. Jerritt Canyon Mine - Gold Production and Mercury Emissions Estimates for Years 1989 to 2004.YearReported mercuryemissions estimates (inpounds per year)*Gold Produced (oz)Emissions factor inpounds mercuryper oz goldproduced.1989NA2900001990NA3230001991NA3743541992NA3180201993NA3618201994NA3260001995NA3280001996NA3094771997NA312015199894003470000.027089337199994003630000.025895317200067013347470.020018103200179912953280.027058051200247413386600.01399929120037903020950.00261507120044612429120001897807.Notes and References:Emissions estimates for 1998 to 2003 are from TRI. Estimates for 2004 are based on questionaire responses.The Nevada Mineral Industry - 1994 -2004. Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. Special PublicationsMI-1994, MI-1998, MI-1999, MI-2000, MI-2001, MI-2002, MI-2003, MI-2004.