# ANALYSIS OF REMAINING EPA ISSUES PERTAINING TO THE REPEAL OF CLARK COUNTY AIR QUALITY REGULATIONS SECTIONS 29, 52 , AND 60

Clark County Department of Air Quality Las Vegas, Nevada
August 1 4 , 2015

# THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK

### 1 

## ANALYSIS OF REMAINING EPA ISSUES PERTAINING TO THE REPEAL OF

CLARK COUNTY AIR QUALITY REGULATIONS SECTIONS 29, 52 , AND 60

AUGUST 1 4, 2015

Introduction: This is the second supplemental document submitted in support of the Clark County Department of Air Quality (DAQ) request to delete specific obsolete rules from the Clark County portion of the Nevada state implementation plan ( SIP ) . The original SIP request was submitted in November 2014. Subsequently, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) Region 9 staff had questions concerning the repeal of the subject SIP rules in relation to the backsliding provisions of Section 110(l) of the Clean Air Act . In response, the county submitted additional information on AQR Sections 30 and 60 in May 2015 . F urther discussions with EPA Region 9 staff in June 2015 brought up additional questions on the repeal of Sections 29 and 52

, and EPA articulated a remaining concern with the cutback asphalt requirements of Section 60. Based on those discussions, the following issues remain

.
1. Section 29 , Sulfur in Fuels: EPA questioned the accuracy of DAQ’s assertion that the repeal of Section 29 did not constitute backsliding because the repealed rule had been superseded by the more stringent sulfur limits for distillate fuels in 40 CFR 80.510. EPA pointed out that those limits only applied to mobile source distillate fuels. EPA also expressed concern that the repeal of Section 29 vacated the sulfur limit for Bunker C fuel and that an equally stringent requirement was not in place

. Response: Although 40 CFR 80.510 does in fact apply only to mobile source distillate fuels, a number of other federal regulations for stationary sources include the same requirements. Specifically, a number of facilities in Clark County are subject to t he requirements of 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart IIII , “ Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources

— Stationary Compression Ignition Internal Combustion Engines ,” and 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart ZZZZ
,

“ National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants —S tationary Reciprocating IC Engines.” Both contain a specific requirement that any distillate fuel used at facilities covered by either standard meet the sulfur limits of 40 CFR 80.510. To illustrate, S ection IV

B of the Part 70 permit for the Switch Commun ications facility (Attachment A) clearly reflects the 15 ppm sulfur limit of 40 CFR 80.510, which was included in that permit as a direct result of the implementati on of Subpart IIII requirements

— which

, per Part 70 requirements

, were cited in the condition as its basis in federal law

— via AQR Section 14

,

“ New Source Performance Standards. ” Attachment A includes the text of § 60.4207, the applicable section of Subpart IIII.

C oncern ing the Section 29 requirement that the sulfur content of Bunker C fuel not exceed 0.3% by weight, DAQ reviewed its permit and emission inventory records. Bunker C is not in use. However, EPA is correct in its assertion that there is no regulation in place th at would prohibit its use, however unlikely that may be. DAQ would again emphasize its statement in i ts November 2014 submittal (Section 1.3, p . 1- 2) that the repealed rule represents a RACT/BACT “floor” for future control technology requirement decisions made pursuant to either Section 12.1 or 12.2.

### 2 

## Distillate/Residual Fuel Combustion Emissions Inventory Significance : DAQ recognize s that the issue pertains to legally enforceable SIP limits that cannot be changed without a SIP revision that include s a f inding consistent with the requirements of Section 110(l) of the Act. However, all distillate fuels used in industrial / commercial /residential settings, including Bunker C, are not a significant source of CO, VOC s, NO x 

## , PM 10 

## , or SO x 

## in Clark County. 1



## T he inventory numbers for PM 10 

## are an overrepresentation of SO x 

## emissions related to fuel combustion because the particulate totals did n ot speciate the emissions . S umming the emissions from Source Classification Codes ( SCC s) 2102004000, 21002005000, 2102011000, 2103004000, 2103005000, 2103011000, 2104004000 , and 210400500 yields approximately 77 tpy of PM 10 

## from the combustion of distillate and residual fuels in 2015. Divided by an inventory total of 675,852 tpy in the former nonattainment area, that
repres ents 0.01 % of the total

. Using 2008 CO

, NO x 

## , and VOC totals for the same SCC categories yields 203, 945 , and 9.65 tpy , respectively, compared to same

- year inventory totals of 394,498 , 80,325 , and 54,391 tpy , respectively . Distillate and residual fuel combustion represents 0.05 %, 1.17%, and 0.01% , respectively, of the total inventories of CO

, NO x 

## , and VOC s. 2



## Finally, in reviewing the SIP requirements for SO 2 

## , d istillate f uel/ Bunker C limits are not listed specifically and, under the general R ACM/RACT requirement, would only be required if the county was in nonattainment, Bunker C was a significant contributor to the exceedance of th e standard

, or the county used Bunker C as an attainment or maintenance control
measure, none of which are currently the case.

2. Section 52 , Gasoline Dispensing Facilities (GDF s) : EPA’s stated concern regarding the repeal of this AQR centers on whether the difference in permitting thresholds for Stage 1 vapor recovery systems between the repealed AQR and current rules constitutes backsliding. Under the requirements of Section 52, Stage 1 vapor recovery control was required at 96,000 gallons per year. Under the SIP-approved minor source New Source Review ( NSR ) ru le (Section 12.1), DAQ currently uses a VOC permitting threshold of 5 tpy , which equates to approximately 385,000 gallons per year throughput. However, Stage 1 is now required at the 40 CFR Part 63 Subpart CCCCCC level of 100,000 gallons per month or 1.2 million gallons
per year (gpy)

.

1 

### R efer to the 2008 data in Table 5

- 11 (pp. 5

- 21 to 5

- 22) of the Ozone Request for Redesignation and Maintenance Plan , Appendix A: Technical Support Document (Attachment B), along with the 2008 data from Table 3

- 1 (p. 3

- 2) of the 2008 Ozone Early Progress Report (Attachment B) and Table 4

- 13 (p. 4

- 22) of the PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan

, Appendix A: Technical Support Document (Attachment C).

2 

### Since the issue is focused on the sulfur limits of repealed Section 60, CO and NO x 

### data are included for general comparison only. The Ozone Redesignation Request emission inventory used the comprehensive inventories developed for the 2008 Ozone Early Progress Report as the basis for demonstrating attainme nt/maintenance; h owever, the redesignation request TSD only listed emissions by source category and did not include a total inventory of each pollutant for the nonattainment area. Therefore, the SCC category emissions from distillate and residual fuel sou rces by SCC Category listed in Table 5

- 11 (p . 5- 21) of the Ozone Redesignation Request TSD were summed and compared to the total inventory of CO/NO x 

### /VOC documented in the 2008 Ozone Early Progress Report

. The PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan allowed direct comparison of PM 10 

### emissions by SCC category to the total PM 10 

### inventory for 2015

, which is why DAQ elected to use it for this analysis.

### 3 

## Response: Since DAQ implement ed Section 12.1, 88 GDFs have terminated their permits to operate because their p otential to e mit was less than the 5 tpy VOC threshold

— or, less frequently, because the facilities had not been c onstructed or had ceased operation . O f those GDFs, 37 had annual throughputs below the Section 52 level of 96,000 gpy and were never subject to Section 52 requirements. The remaining 39 GDFs (the balance of 12 were either

never built or terminated operat ion ) had a total throughput of 12,677,472 gpy

, calculated as follows:

13,838,119 gpy from GDFs w/terminated permit s – 1,160,647 gpy from GDFs w/throughputs < Section 52 limits = 12,677,472 gpy

Attachment D list s GDFs whose operating permits have been terminated since the repeal of Section 52 and provides worksheets that calculate VOC s for GDFs with annual throughputs above and below the Section 52 limit. T o calculate the emissions increase associated with using a higher throughput threshold for requiring Stage 1, the 1,160,647 gpy/7.54 tpy throughput/ VOC data on the first worksheet (from GDFs exempt from Section 52 but permitted under the old minor source NSR rule) was subtracted from the total gpy/tpy throughput/ VOC fi gures on the second worksheet. The net difference is the gpy/tpy throughput/ VOC from GDFs that would have had to install Stage 1 systems under Section 52, but do not trigger the requirement under the current Section 12.1.

Using uncontrolled emission facto rs from AP -42 , the emissions from GDFs not subject to Stage 1 requirements because of the repeal of Section 52 is approximately 82.4 tpy of VOC s. Based on a 2008 VOC inventory of 54,391 tpy, the increase is approximately 0.15% of the total inventory. DAQ’s position is that such an increase is not significant

, will not interfere with attainment or maintenance of the o zone standard

, and does not constitute backsliding under the Act.

3. Section 60.4 , Cutback Asphalts (CB s) : EPA’s stated concern with this subsection of the repealed rule is that there is not an equally or more stringent rule in place that prohibits the use of CB products during the warm months of the year.

Response: Attachment E includes the regional specifications from the Southern Nevada Regional Transportation Commission (RTC) for asphalt products. The products referred to by their trade names are emulsified asphalt products and

, as such, do not contain kerosene or naphtha release agents. All cities in Clark County use the RTC’s specifications and require compliance with the same specifications from the private sector entities working within their jurisdictions. T he attachment also contains e- mail correspondence wit h various suppliers and state/city representatives that corroborate the fact they do not use CB pro ducts to any signi ficant extent for any kind of long- term paving.

DAQ contacted the two largest paving companies in Clark County. Both reported the s ale of the equivalent of medium

- cure asphalt products for temporary patching purposes. This is a permissible use under the provisions of Section 60 when ambient temperatures a re forecast to be below 10 ° C (50 ° F). It is not used for permanent applications for a number of reasons,

### 4 

## including the specifications issue and the better cost and durability performance of emulsified products.

DAQ’s purpose in providing this information is not to suggest that the RTC’s specifications are the equivalent of a federally enforcea ble emission limit contained in a SIP

- approved rule

. However , the information suggests that (1) CB use in Clark County is limited to temporary patching operations; (2) VOC emissions from the use of CB products likely are significantly less than the amount reported previously in SIP inventories ; and (3) overall, CB

- related emissions have been and continue to be an insignificant VOC source in Clark County.

Appendix A (TSD) of t he Ozone Request for Redesignation and Maintenance Plan listed 2008 VOC emissions from CB products at 177.9 tpy . Using the 2008 VOC total of 54,391 tpy, CB represents 0.32% of the total. The actual number is likely to be less than the stated percentage of 1/3 of 1 percent

. In any case, DAQ’s position is that the VOC inventory in the Ozone Redesignation and Maintenance Plan is not significantly affect ed by the repeal of Section 60; that the significant control measures that were key to attainment and maintenance remain in pl ace ; that there is no interfer ence with attainment or reasonable further progress ; and, therefore, that there is no backsliding under the provisions of the Act.

References:

DAQ 2012. PM 10 

## Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document. Las Vegas, Nevada: Clark County Depart ment of Air Quality. http://www.clarkcountynv.gov/Depts/AirQuality/Documents/Planning/SIP/PM10/App%20A.pdf

DAQEM 2008. Ozone Early Progress Report, Appendix A: Consolidated Emissions Inventory Report. Las Vegas, Nevada: Clark County Department of Air Quality and Environmental Management. http://www.clarkcountynv.gov/Depts/AirQuality/Documents/Planning/SIP/ozone/App_A– Consolidated_Emissions_Inventory.pdf

DAQEM 2011. Ozone Request for Redesignation and Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document. Las Vegas, Ne vada: Clark County Department of Air Quality and Environmental Management. http://www.clarkcountynv.gov/Depts/AirQuality/Documents/Planning/SIP/ozone/Appendix_A_ Technical_Support_Document.pdf

EPA 2006. “Transportation and Marketing of Petroleum Liquids.” Chapter 5.2 of Vol. I, “Stationary Point and Area Sources,” of AP -42, Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors

. 5th ed. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch05/final/c05s02.pdf

# ATTACHMENT A :

• SWITCH GENERATOR PART 70 PERMIT

• 40 CFR PART 60, SUBPART IIII, SUBSECTION 60.4207

# CLARK COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF AIR QUALITY 4701 West Russell Road, Suite 200, Las Vegas, Nevada 89118 

# Authority to Construct Permit for a Part 70 Source Source: 16304
Issued in accordance with the Clark County Air Quality Regulations (AQR)

______________________________________________________________________ 

# ISSUED TO: Switch Communications Group, LLC 7135 S. Decatur Blvd. Las Vegas, Nevada 89118

SOURCE: Switch Communications Group, LLC 7135 S. Decatur Blvd. Las Vegas, Nevada 89118

RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL: Name: Gabriel Herrera Title: EVP of Critical Systems Phone: (702) 267-6619 E-Mail Address: gherrera@supernap.com

Permit Issuance: February 25, 2015

ISSUED BY: CLARK COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF AIR QUALITY

________________________________ Richard Beckstead Permitting Manager, Clark County Department of Air QualityAuthority to Construct Source: 16304

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### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

# TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. ACRONYMS 3

II. GENERAL CONDITIONS 4

III. SOURCE-WIDE PTE SUMMARY 7

IV. EMISSION UNITS AND APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS 7

A. EMISSION UNITS AND LIMITS 7

B. CONTROL REQUIREMENTS 15

V. PROVISIONAL OPERATING CONDITIONS 15

A. MONITORING 16

B. TESTING 16

C. RECORD KEEPING 16

D. REPORTING 17Authority to Construct Source: 16304

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### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

# I. ACRONYMS

Table I-1: List of Acronyms Acronym Term AQR Clark County Air Quality Regulations
BHP Brake Horse Power CE Control Efficiency CF Control Factor CFR United States Code of Federal Regulations CO Carbon Monoxide DAQ Clark County Department of Air Quality DOM Date of Manufacture

EF Emission Factor
EU Emission Unit GHG Greenhouse Gas

HP Horse Power
kW kiloWatt NO X 

### Nitrogen Oxides OP Operating Permit
Pb Lead
PM 2.5 

### Particulate Matter less than 2.5 microns
PM 10 

### Particulate Matter less than 10 microns ppm Parts per Million PSD Prevention of Significant Deterioration
PTE Potential to Emit SCC Source Classification Codes SO X 

### Sulfur Oxides TCS Toxic Chemical Substance TSD Technical Support Document VOC Volatile Organic CompoundAuthority to Construct Source: 16304

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### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

# II. GENERAL CONDITIONS
A. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS 1. No person shall begin actual construction of a New Part 70 source, or modify or reconstruct an existing Part 70 source that falls within the preconstruction review applicability criteria, without first obtaining an Authority to Construct Permit from the Control Officer. [AQR 12.4.1.1(a)] 2. The Permittee shall post the permit in a location which is clearly visible and accessible to the facility’s employees and representatives of the department. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(16) and 12.13]
3. The Permittee shall comm ence the construction, modific ation, or reconstruction of this source within eighteen (18) months after the date of issuance of this Authority to Construct Permit and construction shall not discontinued for a period greater than twelve (12) months. [AQR 12.4.1.1(b)] 4. The Permittee shall submit an application for a Part 70 Operating Permit within twelve (12) months after commencing operation. If the source submits a timely application under this condition, it may continue operating under its Authority to Construct Permit until final action is taken on its application for a new Part 70 Operating Permit. [AQR 12.4.1.1(b) and 12.5.2.1(a)(1)] 5. This ATC does not convey any property rights or any exclusive privilege. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(6)] 6. The Permittee shall pay all fees assessed pursuant to AQR Section 18. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(17)]

B. MODIFICATION, REVISION, RENEWAL REQUIREMENTS 1. The Permittee shall file an application for any change in the Responsible Official of the source and may implement the change immediately upon submittal of the request. [AQR 12.4.3.4(a)(1)(B) and 12.4.3.4(a)(2)(C)] 2. The Permittee shall file an application for a transfer of ownership at least 30 days prior to the date of a change in ownership or operational control of the source and such application shall constitute a temporary ATC under the conditions of the existing permit . [AQR 12.12.2(c) and (d)] 3. The Control Officer may revise, revoke and re-issue, re-open and revise, or terminate the permit for cause. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(5)] 4. The Control Officer reserves the right, upon reasonable cause, to modify existing conditions and impose additional new compliance, monitoring and control requirements. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(10)(B)and(C)]

C. REPORTING/NOTIFICATIONS/PROVIDING INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS 1. The Permittee shall report start of construction, construction interruptions exceeding nine (9) months, and completion of construction to the Control Officer in writing not later than fifteen (15) working days after occurrence of the event. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(12)]Authority to Construct Source: 16304

Page 5 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

## 2. The Permittee shall provide written notification of the actual date of commencing operation, received by the Control Officer, within fifteen (15) calendar days after such date. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(13)] 3. The Permittee shall provide separate written notification for commencing operation for each unit of phased construction, which may involve a series of units commencing operation at different times. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(14)] 4. The Permittee shall retain records of all required monitoring and performance demonstration data and supporting information for five (5) years after the date of the sample collection, measurement, report, or analysis. Supporting information includes all records regarding calibration and maintenance of the monitoring equipment, all original strip-chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, and if applicable, all other records required to be maintained pursuant to 40 CFR 64.9(b). [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(1)] 5. Upon 24-hours’ notice, and subject to Switch’s safety and security protocols, and subject to Switch’s confidentiality protocols to the extent not prohibited by law, the Permittee shall allow the Control Officer or any authorized representative of the Control Officer upon presentation of credentials to enter the Permittee’s premises where the source is located or emissions related activity is conducted to: [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(8)] a. Have access to and copy during normal business hours any records that are kept pursuant to the conditions of the permit; b. Inspect any facilities, equipment (including monitoring and air pollution control equipment), practices or operations regulated or required under this permit; c. Sample or monitor substances or parameters to determine compliance with the conditions of the permit or applicable requirements; and d. Document alleged violations using devices such as cameras or video equipment. 6. The Permittee shall provide the Control Officer, within a reasonable time, with any information that the Control Officer requests in writing to determine whether cause exists for revising, revoking and re-issuance or terminating the permit, or to determine compliance with the conditions of the permit. Upon request the Permittee shall also furnish to the Control Officer copies of any records required to be kept by the permit, or for information claimed to be confidential, the Permittee may furnish such records directly to the Administrator along with a claim of confidentiality. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(7)]

D. COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS 1. The Permittee shall comply with all conditions contained in this ATC. Anynoncompliance constitutes a violation and is grounds for an action for noncompliance, revocation and re-issuance or the termination of the permit by the Control Officer, or the re-opening or revising of the permit by the Permittee as directed by the Control Officer. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(3)] 2. Each of the conditions and requirements of this permit are severable and if any are held invalid, the remaining conditions and requirements continue in effect. [AQRAuthority to Construct Source: 16304

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### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

## 12.4.3.1(e)(2)] 3. The need to halt or reduce activity to maintain compliance with the conditions of the permit is not a defense to noncompliance with any condition of the permit. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(4)] 4. The Permittee shall report to the Control Officer (4701 West Russell Road, Suite 200, Las Vegas, NV 89118) upon the commencement of operation any upset, breakdown, malfunction, emergency or deviation which cause emissions of regulated air pollutants in excess of any limits set by regulation or by this permit. The report shall be in two parts as specified below : [AQR 12.5.2.6(d)(4)(B) and AQR 25.6.1] a. Within twenty-four (24) hours of the time the Permittee learns of the excess emissions, the report shall be communicated by phone (702) 455-5942, fax (702) 383-9994, or email: airquality@clarkcountynv.gov b. Within seventy-two (72) hours of the notification required by paragraph (a) above, the detailed written report containing the information required by AQR Section 25.6.3 shall be submitted. 5. The Permittee shall report to the Control Officer with the semi-annual monitoring report all deviations from permit conditions that do not result in excess emissions, including those attributable to malfunction, startup, or shutdown. Reports shall identify the probable cause of each deviation and any corrective actions or preventative measures taken. [AQR 12.5.2.6(d)(4)(B)(iii)] 6. A responsible official of the source shall certify that, based on information and belief formed after a reasonable inquiry, the statements made in any document required to be submitted by any condition of the permit are true, accurate, and complete. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(9)]Authority to Construct Source: 16304

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### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

# III. SOURCE-WIDE PTE SUMMARY

A. The source is a major Part 70 source of NO X 

## emissions and a minor source of PM 10 

## , PM 2.5 

## , CO, SO X 

## and VOC.

Table III-A-1: Source Allowable Emissions (tons per year)
Pollutant PM 10 

### PM 2.5 

### NO X 

### CO SO X 

### VOC H 2 

### S Pb GHG

Total 4.67 2.42 249.26 32.67 1.21 3.63 0 0 24,262



# IV. EMISSION UNITS AND APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS

A. EMISSION UNITS AND LIMITS

1. Emission Units

a. The stationary source consists of the em ission units listed in Tables IV-A-1, IV-A-2, IV-A-3, IV-A-4, IV-A-5, and IV-A-6. [AQR 12.1.4.1(b)]

Table IV-A-1: NAP 7 - Summary of Emission Units
EU Rating Description Make Model Serial

A02 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Detroit Diesel 2250 DSEC 2185979 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2007

A03 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Detroit Diesel 2250 DSEC 2183867 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2007

A04 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Detroit Diesel 2250 DSEC 2185985 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2007

A05 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Detroit Diesel 2250 DSEC 2183861 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2007

A06 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Detroit Diesel 2250 DSEC 2183870 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2007

A07 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Detroit Diesel 2250LXC6DT2 176196-1-2-0608 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2009

A08 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Detroit Diesel 2250LXC6DT2 175966-1-2-0608 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2009

A09 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Detroit Diesel 2250LXC6DT2 175966-1-3-0608 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2009

A10 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 330055-1-2-0311 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011

A11 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 330055-1-3-0311 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011

A12 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 330055-1-1-0311 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011

A13 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 333726-1-1-0811 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011Authority to Construct Source: 16304

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### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 EU Rating Description Make Model Serial

A14 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 333726-2-2-0811 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011

A15 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 333726-2-1-0811 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011

A16 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 334657-1-1-0811 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2012

A17 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 341530-1-1-0112 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2012

A18 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 341565-1-3-0212 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2012

A19 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 341565-1-2-0212 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2012

A20 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 341565-1-1-0212 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2012

A21 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 346646-1-1-0512 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011

A22 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 348117-1-3-0812 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011

A23 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 348117-1-1-1112 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2013

A24 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 356251-1-4-0213 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2013

A25 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 346646-1-2-0512 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011

A26 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 348117-1-2-0812 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2011

A27 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 36251-1-1-0213 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2013

A28 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 356251-1-2-0213 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2013

A29 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 356251-1-3-0215 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2013

A30 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

A31 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

A32 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 369338-1-3-0114 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

A33 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 369338-1-1-0114 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

A34 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 369338-1-2-0114 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014 A35 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBDAuthority to Construct Source: 16304

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### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 EU Rating Description Make Model Serial 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

A36 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015



## Table IV-A-2: NAP8 - Summary of Emission Units
EU Rating Description Make Model Serial

C01 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 348116-1-1-0712 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2013

C02 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 348116-1-2-0712 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2013

C03 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 348116-1-3-0712 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2013

C04 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 360838-1-3-0713 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C05 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 360838-1-1-0713 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C06 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 360838-1-2-0713 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C07 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C08 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C09 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C10 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C11 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C12 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C13 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C14 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C15 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C16 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C17 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C18 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2014

C19 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015Authority to Construct Source: 16304 Page 10 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 EU Rating Description Make Model Serial

C20 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

C21 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

C22 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

C23 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

C24 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric 2250LXC6DT2 TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015



## Table IV-A-3: NAP 9A - Summary of Emissions Units
EU Rating Description Make Model Serial

G01 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G02 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G03 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G04 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G05 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G06 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G07 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G08 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G09 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G10 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G11 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G12 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G13 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G14 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G15 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015 G16 2,250 kW Generator, Emergen cy Marathon Electric TBD TBDAuthority to Construct Source: 16304 Page 11 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 EU Rating Description Make Model Serial 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G17 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G18 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G19 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G20 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G21 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G22 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G23 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

G24 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015 H01 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H02 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H03 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H04 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H05 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H06 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H07 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H08 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H09 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H10 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H11 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H12 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H13 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H14 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H15 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD H16 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD



## Table IV-A-4: NAP 9B - Summary of Emissions Units
EU Rating Description Make Model Serial

E01 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E02 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E03 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E04 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015Authority to Construct Source: 16304 Page 12 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 EU Rating Description Make Model Serial

E05 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E06 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E07 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E08 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E09 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E10 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E11 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E12 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E13 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E14 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E15 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E16 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E17 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

E18 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015 F01 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F02 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F03 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F04 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F05 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F06 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F07 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F08 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F09 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F10 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F11 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD F12 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBDAuthority to Construct Source: 16304 Page 13 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

## Table IV-A-5: NAP 10 - Summary of Emissions Units
EU Rating Description Make Model Serial

J01 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J02 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J03 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J04 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J05 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J06 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J07 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J08 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J09 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J10 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J11 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J12 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J13 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J14 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J15 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J16 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J17 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

J18 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015 K01 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K02 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K03 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K04 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K05 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K06 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBDAuthority to Construct Source: 16304 Page 14 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 EU Rating Description Make Model Serial K07 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K08 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K09 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K10 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K11 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD K12 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD



## Table IV-A-6: Switch University - Summary of Emissions Units
EU Rating Description Make Model Serial

L01 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015

L02 2,250 kW Generator, Emergency Marathon Electric TBD TBD 3,353 hp Diesel Engine, DOM: 2015 M01 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD M02 1,250 gpm Cooling Tower Evapco ESWA 216-460 TBD



## 2. Emissions Limitations a. The Permittee shall not discharge into the atmosphere, from any emission unit, any air contaminant in excess of an average of 20 percent opacity for a period of more than 6 consecutive minutes. [AQR 26.1.1] b. The diesel engines powering the emergency generators (EUs: A02 through A09, inclusive) shall comply with the emission standards set forth in Table 1 of 40 CFR 60, Subpart IIII for the same model year and maximum engine power. The emission standards are provided in Table IV-A-7:

Table IV-A-7: Emission standards for stationary 2007-2010 model year engines > 2,237 kW (3,000 hp) and with a displ acement of < 10 liters per cylinder

Maximum Engine Power HC NO X 

### CO PM Engine Power >560 kW 1.3 (g/kW-hr) 9.2 (g/kW-hr) 11.4 (g/kW-hr) 0.54 (g/kW-hr)



## c. The diesel engines powering the emergency generators (EUs: A10 through A36, C01 through C24, E01 through E18, G01 through G24, J01 thr ough J18, L01 and L02) shall comply with the emission standards set forth in 40 CFR §89.112 and 40 CFR §89.113 for new non-road CI engines for the same model year and maximum engine power. The emission standards are provided in Table IV-A-8:

Table IV-A-8: Emission sta ndards for model year 2011 and la ter with engine power > 2,237 kW (3,000 hp) Maximum Engine Power NMHC + NO X 

### CO PM Engine Power > 560 kW 6.4 (g/kW-hr) 3.5 (g/kW-hr) 0.2 (g/kW-hr)



## 3. Operational Limitations a. The Permittee shall limit the operation of each emergency generator for testing, maintenance, and operation during emergencies to 104 hours per calendar year.Authority to Construct Source: 16304 Page 15 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

## b. The Permittee shall not use the emergency generators for peak shavings or demand response. (EUs: A02 through A36, C01 through C24, E01 through E18, G01 through G24, J01 through J18, L01 and L02). [AQR 12.1.4.1(c)&(f)]

B. CONTROL REQUIREMENTS

Generators/Engines [AQR 12.1.4.1(c)&(f)] 1. The Permittee shall operate each dies el emergency generator with turbochargers and separate circuit air coolers (EUs: A02 thr ough A36, C01 through C24, E01 through E18, G01 through G24, J01 through J18, L01 and L02). 2. The Permittee shall operate and maintain each diesel emergency generator in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications (EUs: A02 through A36, C01 through C24, E01 through E18, G01 through G24, J01 through J18, L01 and L02). 3. The Permittee shall only combust diesel f uel with a maximum sulfur content of 15 ppm and either a minimum cetane index of 40 or a maximum aromatic content of 35 percent by volume in each diesel emergency generator (EUs: A02 through A36, C01 through C24, E01 through E18, G01 through G24, J01 through J18, L01 and L02). [40 CFR §60.4207(b)]

Cooling Towers [AQR 12.1.4.1(c)&(f)] 4. The Permittee shall operate each coolin g tower with drift eliminators that have a manufacturer’s maximum drift rate of 0.001 percent (EUs: F01 through F12, H01 through H16, K01 through K12, M01 and M02).
5. The Permittee shall maintain the TDS content of the circulation wa ter in ea ch cooling tower at or below2,100 ppm (EUs: F01 through F12, H01 through H16, K01 through K12, M01 and M02). 6. The Permittee shall operate and maintain each cooling tower in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications (EUs: F01 through F12, K01 through K12, M01 and M02). 7. No chromium containing co mpounds shall be used for water treatment in any cooling towers.

Other [AQR 12.1.4.1(c)&(f)] 8. The Permittee shall not cause, suffer or allow the discharge from any source whatsoever such quantities of air contaminants or other material which cause a nuisance, including excessive odors. [AQR Sections 40 and 43]



# V. PROVISIONAL OPERATING CONDITIONS

The provisional operating conditions in this ATC are enforceable co nditions until the Permittee has submitte d a complete Title V operating permit application.Authority to Construct Source: 16304 Page 16 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

## A. MONITORING

Visible Emissions [AQR 12.1.4.1(d)] 1. The Permittee shall conduct a monthly visual emissions check for visible emissions from emissions units while they are in operation. [AQR 12.1.4.1(d)] 2. If the Permittee, during the visible emissions check, does not see any plume that, on an instantaneous basis, appears to exceed the opacity standard, then the observer shall keep a record of the name of the observer, the date on which the observation was made, the location, and the results of the observation. [AQR 12.1.4.1(d)] 3. If the Permittee sees a plume that, on an instantaneous basis, appears to exceed the opacity standard, the Permittee shall: [AQR 12.1.4.1(d)] a. Take immediate action to correct causes of fugitive/stack emissions that appear to exceed allowable opacity limits; or b. If practical, have a certified VE observer take an EPA Method 9 observation of the plume and record the results, and take immediate action to correct causes of fugitive emissions in excess of allowable opacity limits in accordance with 40 CFR 60 Appendix A: Reference Method 9. 4. Visible emissions checks do not require a certified VE observer, except where visible emissions appear to exceed the allowable opacity limit and exceed 30 seconds in duration, and an EPA Method 9 observation is made to establish it does not exceed the standard. [AQR 12.1.4.1(d)] Generators/Engines [AQR 12.1.4.1(d)] 5. The Permittee shall operate each emergency generator with a non-resettable hour meter and monitor the duration of operation for testing and maintenance, and separately for emergencies (EUs: A02 through A36, C01 through C24, E01 through E18, G01 through G24, J01 through J18, L01 and L02). [AQR 12.1.4.1(d)] 6. The Permittee shall monitor the average NO x 

## emissions from the emergency generators by testing at least ten (10) percent of the installed generator units, per year, using a portable analyzer approved in advance by the Control Officer. Cooling Towers [AQR 12.1.4.1(d)] 7. The Permittee shall monitor the TDS of the cooling tower recirculation water monthly using a hand-held conductivity meter, or other device approved in advance by the Control Officer (EUs: F01 through F12, H01 through H16, K01 through K12, M01 and M02). [AQR 12.1.4.1(d), 40 CFR §60.4209(a)]

B. TESTING

1. No performance testing requirements have been identified.

C. RECORD KEEPING

1. The Permittee shall maintain the following records onsite: [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(10)(B)]Authority to Construct Source: 16304 Page 17 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

## a. dates and time when monthly visible emissions checks are taken and the steps taken to make any necessary corrections to bring opacity into compliance; b. monthly monitoring results of total dissolved solid content of cooling tower circulation water for each cooling tower; c. date and duration of operation of each emergency generators for testing, maintenance, and emergency use (EUs : A02 through A36, C01 through C24, E01 through E18, G01 through G24, J01 through J18, L01 and L02); d. results of the portable analyzer te sts on each emergency generator;
e. sulfur content and cetane index or aromatic content of diesel fuel used in the diesel engines for each di esel fuel shipment; and f. equipment inspections and maintenance.

2. The Permittee shall maintain the following record s onsite for reporting: [AQR 12.5.2.6] a. monthly and annual total operating hour for each diesel generator; b. annual average of the portable analyzer test results on the emergency generators; c. deviations from permit requirements that result in excess emissions; (reported as required in Section II-D-5 of this permit) d. deviations from permit requirements that do not result in excess emissions; and e. calculation of annual emissions for each emission unit, and for the entire source.

D. REPORTING

1. All report submissions shall be addressed to the attention of the Control Officer. [AQR 14.1(b)] 2. All reports shall contain the following: [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(10)(B)]
a. A certification statement on the first page, i.e., “I certify that, based on information and belief formed after reasonable inquiry, the statements contained in this document are true, accurate and complete.” (A sample form is available from Air Quality); and b. A certification signature from a responsible official of the company and the date of certification. 3. The Permittee shall submit annual emissions inventory reports based on the following : [AQR 18.6.1] a. The annual emissions inventory must be submitted to Air Quality by March 31 of each calendar year; and b. The report shall include the emission fa ctors and calculations used to determine the emissions from each permitted emissi on unit, even when an emission unit is not operated.Authority to Construct Source: 16304 Page 18 of 18



### Eugen Avram 702-455-4728 

## 4. The Permittee shall submit compliance certifications annually in writing to the Control Officer (4701 W Russell Road, Ste 200, Las Vegas, NV 89118) and the Administrator at USEPA Region IX (Director, Air and Toxics Divisions, 75 Hawthorne St., San Francisco, CA 94105). A compliance certification for each year will be due on January 30th of the following year and shall include the following: [AQR 12.5.2.8(e)]
5. The Permittee shall submit semi-annual monitoring reports to Air Quality. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(10)(B)] 6. The following requirements ap ply to semi-annual reports: [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(10)(B)] a. The report shall include a semi-annual summary of each item listed in Section V-C-2(a through e). b. The report shall be based on a calendar semi-annual basis, which includes partial reporting periods. c. The report shall be received by Air Q uality within 30 calendar days after the semi-annual period. Regardless of the date of issuance of this ATC, the source shall comply with the schedule for repor t submissions outlined in Table V-D-1:

Table V-D-1: Required Submission Dates for Various Reports Required Report Applicable Period Due Date 1


### Semi-annual Report for 1st Six-Month Period January, February, March, April, May, June July 30 each year Semi-annual Report for 2 d 

### Six-Month Period, Any additional annual records required. July, August, September, October, November, December January 30 each year

A nnual Compliance Certification Repor t Calendar Year January 30 each year
A nnual Emission Inventory Repor t Calendar Year March 31 each year
Notification of Malfunctions, Startup, Shutdowns or Deviations with Excess Emission As Required Within 24 hours of the Permittee learns of the event Report of Malfunctions, Startup, Shutdowns or Deviations with Excess Emission As Required Within 72 hours of the notification Deviation Report without Excess Emissions As Required Along with semi-annual reports Performance Testing As Required Within 60 days from the end of the test.
1 If the due date falls on a Saturday, Sunday or a Federal or Nevada holiday, then the submittal is due on the next regularly scheduled business day.


## 7. Replacement of failed engines associated with the emergency generators with identical engines (same manufacturer and model) requires notification prior to installation, but will not require a permit revision unless there is an emission rate increase from the replacement engines. [AQR 12.4.3.1(e)(10)(B)] 8. The Control Officer reserves the right to require additional reports and reporting to verify compliance with permit emission limits, applicable permit requirements, and requirements of applicable federal regulations. [AQR 4.4]

# ATTACHMENT B :

• VOC EMISSIONS INVENTORY DATA BY SCC

• TOTAL CLARK COUNTY EMISSIONS INVENTORY, CO/NO x 

# /VOCs

### Ozone Request for Redesignation and Maintenance Plan: Technical Support Document

5- 21 

### Table 5-9. Average Daily Temperatures in Las Vegas ( ° F) 1



### 2008 Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Jan 40 46 47 53 53 53 48 43 47 48 50 48 52 51 49 38 37 43 43 44 49 48 46 47 47 48 49 48 41 42 39 Feb 44 45 49 44 43 43 47 53 55 56 57 59 60 46 51 50 53 51 55 55 52 55 52 56 55 57 58 62 63 n / a n / a Mar 64 54 51 56 54 51 55 63 62 60 64 65 70 63 56 50 57 60 66 68 65 65 62 64 69 70 68 67 67 61 58 Apr 63 66 67 66 68 68 66 61 61 63 64 66 71 77 71 62 61 70 71 66 64 69 71 67 67 71 72 75 81 70 n/a May 61 64 71 76 74 76 77 75 78 77 79 74 71 75 82 81 84 89 94 92 72 67 60 59 64 66 72 73 74 77 80 Jun 85 84 85 78 75 82 84 82 83 90 80 80 85 89 94 95 97 93 92 93 95 97 94 94 92 91 90 94 98 99 n / a Jul 98 96 97 98 97 96 96 98 97 97 88 87 87 89 91 91 92 95 97 87 89 94 95 94 98 88 96 95 96 96 95 Aug 97 99 99 93 90 91 89 94 92 94 93 94 94 97 96 98 94 94 91 90 92 92 92 94 94 86 92 95 94 90 88 Sep 84 82 85 88 89 90 91 90 85 84 83 82 83 85 86 85 84 84 85 84 82 81 80 82 86 87 88 88 85 84 n/a Oct 84 83 80 70 68 73 76 78 80 66 55 54 59 64 68 70 72 74 75 74 74 66 64 68 69 72 76 75 74 74 75 Nov 72 66 65 64 56 54 60 62 58 56 57 62 65 67 63 64 68 66 63 61 60 57 57 59 62 56 56 57 60 60 n / a Dec 59 57 55 51 52 51 51 49 50 49 54 52 52 42 41 43 36 39 39 39 42 49 45 40 47 40 36 39 44 47 48

1 Weather Underground, History Data, Custom Summary <http: // www.wunderground.com> (accessed Dec. 22, 2008).



### Tab le 5-10. Fuel Combustion Emissions Summary (tpy)

Year Summer Inventory Complete Annual Inventory Complete Annual CO Emissions Annual NO x 

### Emissions Summer VOC Emissions Annual VOC Emission
2008 Yes Yes 2147.37 4052.24 22.83 143.56



### Table 5-11. 2008 Fuel Combustion Emissions Summary by SCC (tpy )

SCC 1 

### SCC Level: 1 SCC Level: 2 SCC Level: 3 SCC Level: 4 CO NO x 

### VOC

2102002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Bituminous / Subbituminous Coal Total: All Boiler Types 306.31 251.94 2.55

2102004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Distillate Oil Total: Boilers and IC Engines 170.31 817.48 6.81

2102005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

### Ozone Request for Redesignation and Maintenance Plan: Technical Support Document

5- 22 SCC 1 

### SCC Level: 1 SCC Level: 2 SCC Level: 3 SCC Level: 4 CO NO x 

### VOC

2102006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Natural Gas Total: Boilers and IC Engines 274.97 876.23 18.00

2102007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Total: All Boiler Types 21.44 37.17 0.86

2102011000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Kerosene Total: All Boiler Types 0.03 0.13 1.07E

03

2103002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial / Institutional Bituminous / Subbituminous Coal Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial / Institutional Distillate Oil Total: Boilers and IC Engines 23.77 95.09 1.62

2103005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial / Institutional Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial / Institutional Natural Gas Total: Boilers and IC Engines 898.70 946.84 58.84

2103007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial / Institutional LPG Total: All Boiler Types 32.51 56.36 1.30

2103011000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial / Institutional Kerosene Total: All Boiler Types 0.31 1.24 0.02

2104002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Residential Bituminous / Subbituminous Coal Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Residential Distillate Oil Total: Boilers and IC Engines 8.46 30.45 1.21

2104005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Residential Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Residential Natural Gas Total: Boilers and IC Engines 368.64 866.31 50.69

2104007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Residential LPG Total: All Boiler Types 41.37 71.71 1.65

2104011000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Residential Kerosene Total: All Boiler Types 0.55 1.30 0.08

Totals: 2,147.37 4,052.24 143.64

1 SCC database located in EIS Code Tables (MDB 6M), TTN Clearinghouse for Inventories / Emissions Factors <http: / / www.epa.gov / ttn / chief / eiinformation.html>.

### May 2007

G:\Las Vegas Point&Area\Reporting\Conso lidated EI report\Final\Sec3_emis inv.doc 

## 3-2 Table 3-1. Summer and average annual day emissions, 2002-2018. Summer Average Day (TPD) Annual (TPY) 2002 VOC CO NOx VOC CO NOx Point Sources 5.2 15.5 114.4 1,840 5,303 37,549 Area Source Emissions 40.5 1.4 2.6 16,267 4,708 1,904 Biogenics a 

### 132.0 25.9 5.0

- - - Mobile Sources b 

### 67.9 723.5 44.7 15,584 167,162 14,570 On-Road Mobile Sources 70. 1 552.1 103.1 20,496 192,114 37,354 Airports 2.1 43.0 9.3 785 15,696 3,413 Totals 317.9 1,361.4 279.2 54,971 384,983 94,790

Summer Average Day (TPD) Annual (TPY) 2003 VOC CO NOx VOC CO NOx Point Sources 4.7 15.2 101.9 1,674 5,147 33,555 Area Source Emissions 42.1 1.4 2.6 16,789 4,541 1,870 Biogenics a 

### 132.0 25.9 5.0

- - - Mobile Sources b 

### 67.0 741.7 44.1 15,301 171,187 14,355 On-Road Mobile Sources 69. 4 532.6 100.4 20,289 185,323 36,355 Airports 2.0 44.6 8.3 722 16,290 3,013 Totals 317.3 1,361.4 262.2 54,774 382,489 89,148

Summer Average Day (TPD) Annual (TPY) 2008 VOC CO NOx VOC CO NOx Point Sources 5.8 20.3 95.7 2,028 6,884 31,378 Area Source Emissions 51.4 1.6 2.7 20,378 5,043 2,129 Biogenics a 

### 132.0 25.9 5.0

- - - Mobile Sources b 

### 55.5 805.9 38.7 12,003 185,166 12,547 On-Road Mobile Sources 64. 2 427.3 76.1 19,103 178,342 28,965 Airports 2.4 52.2 14.5 879 19,063 5,306 Totals 311.3 1,333.3 232.8 54,391 394,498 80,325

Summer Average Day (TPD) Annual (TPY) 2013 VOC CO NOx VOC CO NOx Point Sources 7.5 29.5 115.0 2,678 10,227 38,477 Area Source Emissions 60.3 1.8 2.9 23,665 5,207 2,355 Biogenics a 

### 132.0 25.9 5.0

- - - Mobile Sources b 

### 51.8 865.0 31.9 11,033 198,155 10,310 On-Road Mobile Sources 50. 3 372.8 47.3 15,193 166,238 17,982 Airports 2.4 56.9 15.7 884 20,776 5,732 Totals 304.4 1,352.0 217.9 53,453 400,603 74,856

Summer Average Day (TPD) Annual (TPY) 2018 VOC CO NOx VOC CO NOx Point Sources 8.2 31.0 114.2 2,901 10,781 38,329 Area Source Emissions 67.9 2.0 3.2 26,452 5,373 2,589 Biogenics a 

### 132.0 25.9 5.0

- - - Mobile Sources b 

### 51.4 925.5 23.7 10,880 211,485 7,619 On-Road Mobile Sources 42. 3 349.9 30.2 12,799 162,695 11,293 Airports 3.5 85.7 24.3 1,286 31,295 8,878 Totals 305.3 1,420.0 200.8 54,318 421,629 68,707

a. 

### Biogenic emissions were estimated for summer average days only



## . b. 

### Nonroad mobile includes locomotive emissions

.

# ATTACHMENT C :

PM 10 

# EMISSIONS INVENTORY DATA BY SCC

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4-1 

## 4.0 N ONPOINT SOURCE EMISSIONS OVERVIEW

4.1 Nonpoint Source Sectors

N onpoint sources collectively represent individual point or specific mobile sources that have not been otherwise inventoried. Nonpoint sources are typically either too numerous, too small, or too difficult to inventory using methodologies for point or mobile sources.

W hen developing EIs, the basic unit for storing emissions is the source classification code ( SCC ). EPA has developed methodologies for estimating emissions for a number of SCC sectors, as detailed in the EIIP. EPA currently maintains a database of 1,249 active nonpoint SCCs ; 57 of these were identified as significant in Clark County.

F or the 2008 National Emissions Inventory ( NEI ) , EPA developed a series of default EIs for nonpoint SCC sectors, including those identified in the EIIP, and for individual nonpoint source SCCs. The Clark County nonpoint source EI includes PM 10 

## emissions from all SCC sectors except:

**•** A nthracite coal, which is primarily used for residential and commercial space heating and is mostly mined in eastern Pennsylvania. Since Clark County residents and businesses have relatively low heating requirements, and the mines are so distant, it was assumed that emissions fr om burning anthracite coal were not significant. The coal used by industry within Clark County was assumed to be bituminous.

**•** A ni mal husbandry and fertilizer application , s ince the agriculture industry in Clark County is minor and emissions from these sec tors are insignificant.

E PA provided state and local agencies submitting 2008 NEI data with an additional list of 18 nonpoint source sectors, categories, or SCCs for which the agencies had to provide estimates if they deemed the emissions significant. The Clark County nonpoint source EI includes PM 10 

## emissions from sources in all 18 section of the list except the following:

**•** C lark County’s water resources are limited and agriculture is minor , so emissions from agricultural tiling and grain elevators were deemed insignificant and not included.

**•** A fter accounting for fuel combustion, emissions from human and animal cremation were deemed in significant and not included.

**•** No c otton is grown in Clark County, so cotton ginning emissions were not included.

**•** E missio ns from dental preparation and use

, drum and barrel reclamati on, general laboratory activities

, hospital sterilization

, lamp (fluorescent) recycling , and lamp breakage wer e deemed in significant and not included.

A fter accounting for nonpoint SCC sector emissions sources, 16 sectors were identified as significant sources of PM 10 

## emissions tracked by EPA

.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4-2 

## 4.2 Methodology

T he methods used to calculate nonpoint source sector emission s were primarily based on EIIP guidance ( EPA 1997 ). E missions were quantified using the product of a source’s activity throughput ( as defined in Title 40, Part 51.50 of the Code of Federal Regulations ( 40 CFR 51.50 ) ), EF, and control efficiency (when applicable). This section provides d etailed information on these

va riables

, along with the methods used to calculate significant fugitive nonpoint source emissions.

M ultiple sources of activity throughput exist for several nonpoint source sectors in the nonattainment area. One example is l ocal population data for baseline and projected years

, described in Section 2

. Table 4-1 lists the methodology and throughput for each nonpoint source sector identified.

Table 4-1

. Methodology and Data Sources for Nonpoint Sectors

Nonpoint Source Sector Methodology Data Source

Fuel combustion EIIP, Vol. 3 , Area Source Method Abstracts:

• Residential and Commercial/Institutional Natural

Gas and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Co mbustion

• Residential and Commercial/Institutional Coal

Combustion

• Residential and Commercial/Institutional Fuel Oil and Kerosene Combustion • Nevada counties population data ( Hardcastle 2008 )

• Fuel consumption data (EIA 2009 )

• Temperature data (Weather Underground 2011)

• Industrial and commercial employment data

(BLS 2011)

Residential wood combustion Residential wood burning (Pechan 2008 ) • County housing , occupied units ( U.S

. Census Bureau 2000)

• Clark County population data (DCP 201 0 a)

Locomotive Locomotive EFs ( EPA 2009 a) Locomotive data (Section 6)

Paved road AP- 42, Vol. 1, Ch. 13.2.1 • Silt content ( DAQEM 2001 , App. B)

• Vehicle miles traveled ( RTC 2008 )

• Vehicle weight (DAQEM 2006 )

• E F ( EPA 1995 )

Unpaved road AP- 42, Vol. 1, Ch. 13.2.2 • Silt content ( DRI 1997 )

• Vehicle weight ( EPA 1995 )

• Moisture content (DAQEM 2001

, App. B)

• Unpaved road lengths (EQM 2006)

• Average daily traffic counts (EQM 2006)

Commercial

c ooking Commercial cooking (Pechan 2008) County population data ( DCP 2010a)

Mineral processing (concrete, gypsum) AP- 42, Vol. 1, Ch. 11.12 & 11.16 Process throughput, EFs, control efficiencies

Mineral processing (stone) AP- 42, Vol. 1, Ch. 11.19.2 Process throughput, EFs , control efficiencies

Asphalt AP- 42, Vol. 1, Ch. 11.1 Process throughput, emission factors, control efficiencies

Wind e rosion (construction) PM 10 MAR • Wind speed data ( N CDC 2009)

• Overall control efficiency

• Emission rates ( Clark County 2007)

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4-3 Nonpoint Source Sector Methodology Data Source

Construction PM 10 SIP , App. B • Land area (DAQEM 2007 , DOA 2011, RFCD 2011)

• Overall control efficiency • E Fs (MRI 1996)

• Duration ( AQ database) Sand & gravel AP

- 42, Vol. 1, Ch. 11.19.1 Process throughput, EFs , and control efficiencies

Open burning EIIP, Vol. 3 , Ch. 16 • U.S. population data (U.S. Census Bureau 2011)

• Average per capita waste generated (EPA

2008a)

• T racking of open burn permits (DAQ database)

Wind erosion (vacant lands) PM 10 SIP , App. B; PM 10 MAR , App. E & R • Land area(s) ( AQ database)

• EFs

Structure fires EIIP, Vol. 3 , Ch. 18 • Annual no. structural fires (local fire depts.)

• County open burning incidents ( AQ database)

Vehicle fires EIIP, Vol. 3

, Area Source Method Abstracts

,
“ Vehicle Fires ” • Annual highway vehicle fires (local fire depts.)

• Annual other vehicle fires (local fire depts.)

Note : DOA = Clark County Dept. of Aviation; DRI = Desert Research Institute; EF = emission factor; EIA = Energy Information Administration; EQM = Environmental Quality Management, Inc.; MRI = Midwest Research Institute; N CDC = National Climatic Data Center ; RFCD = Regio nal Flood Control District; RTC = Regional Transportation Commi ssion of Southern Nevada.



## 4.3 Source Overlap

P e rmitted point sources (e. g. , stationary source s) often include fuel combustion and other types of nonpoint source emissions

. In the NEI
, EPA provided a list of nonpoint source sectors that could include point source emissions overlap (EPA 2008b).

T o pr event double -counting, nonpoint source SCCs were compared with all the SCCs that made up the point source EI in the maintenance plan . O verlaps were corrected by subtracting the point source emissions that could also be categorized under a nonpoint source from nonpoint source emissions . In some cases , the permitted emissions in the point source inventory exceeded the estimated emissions from the nonpoint source inventory. If the overlap exceeded the nonpoint source emissions estimate, zero emissions were assigned to that SCC. T ables 4

- 2 and 4

- 3 identify the overlapping point source SCCs and the net overlap with the nonpoint source annual EI.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4-4 Table 4-2

. Overlapping Point Source Emissions

Nonpoint Source (SCC) Overlapping Point Sources (SCC) PM 10 (tons)

2102002000 30504033 7.48
Industrial 30501604 0.00
Coal
Total 7.48

2102004000 20200101 0.03
Industrial 20200102 1.82
Distillate Oil 20200104 0.00
30500208 0.08
Total 1.93

2102006000 10200602 0.06
Industrial 10200603 0.08
Natural Gas 20200201 1.88
20200202 0.26
30500257 4.48
30501520 10.63
30500242 0.65
30501604 85.26
Total 103.30

2103004000 20300101 0.04
Total 0.04

2103006000 10300602 0.55
Commercial 10300603 82.75
Natural Gas 10500206 0.03
20300202 7.45
20300203 0.00
Total 90.78

2306010000 20201001 28.18 Asphalt

Total 28.18 Source: Clark County 2008 Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule ( CERR ) submittal.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4-5 Table 4-3

. Point and Nonpoint Source Emissions Overlap

Overlapping Sources 2008 Point Source Emissions (tpy) Nonpoint Source Category Point Source SCC

SCC 2102006000 : Fuel Combustion (Natural Gas) Industrial 10200602 0.06
10200603 0.08
20200201 1.88
20200202 0.26
30500257 4.48
30501520 10.63
30500242 0.65
30501604 85.26

SCC 2103006000 : Fuel Combustion (Natural Gas) Commercial 10300602 0.55
10300603 82.75
10500206 0.03
20300202 7.45
20300203 0.00

SCC 2102004000 : Fuel Combustion (Distillate Oil) Industrial 20200101 0.03
20200102 1.82
20200104 0.00
30500208 0.08
SCC 2103004000 : Fuel Combustion (Distillate Oil) Commercial 20300101 0.04

SCC 2102007000 : Fuel Combustion (LP) Industri al 20201001 0.00

SCC 2102002000 : Fuel Combustion (Bituminous Coal) Industrial 30504033 7.48
30501604 0.00



## S ome of the overlapping point and nonpoint emissions totals were noticeably different: for example, the permitted point source fuel combustion of natural gas at industrial sources totaled 103.30 tpy, yet the estimated nonpoint source emissions for fuel combustion of natural gas at industrial sources totaled 24.88 tpy.

T here are several possible explanations for this discrepancy. Emissions estimates for point sources are based on a bottom

- up approach that relies on actual throughput values, rather than the top-down approach used to estimate nonpoint source emissions. In the top

- down approach, statewide fuel consumption is based on EIA data that partitions consumption estimates among residential, commercial, and industrial sources. EIA may not have not accurately partitioned natural gas among Nevada sectors. Another possible explanation is that the population

- based method used to estimate Clark County’s share of statewide fuel consumption may be inaccurate. The EFs and controls used to estimate emissions in stationary source permits may also differ from those used to estimate nonpoint source emissions. In any case, large discrepancies between overlapping point and nonpoint source emissions are the exception rather than the rule.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4-6 

## 4.4 Temporal Profiles

Design

- day emissions were estimated using EPA temporal activity profiles , which provide daily, weekly, and monthly information at the SCC level (E PA 2002) . T able 4-4 lists each nonpoint source sector’s percentage of activity during the design day. The totals reflect the product of the source’s activity in April and the average amount of activity that occurs on Wednesdays , the week day corresponding to the design day

.

Table 4-4. Design Day Temporal Profiles

Nonpoint Source Sector SCC Activity in April Activity on Wednesdays Activity During Design Day

Fuel combustion 2102002000 100.0 % 103.0 % 103.0 %
2102004000 100.0 % 103.0 % 103.0 %
2102005000 100.0 % 103.0 % 103.0 %
2102006000 100.0 % 103.0 % 103.0 %
2102007000 100.0 % 103.0 % 103.0 %
2102011000 100.0 % 103.0 % 103.0 %
2103002000 99.7 % 103.0 % 102.7 %
2103004000 99.7 % 103.0 % 102.7 %
2103005000 99.7 % 103.0 % 102.7 %
2103006000 99.7 % 103.0 % 102.7 %
2103007000 100.0 % 103.0 % 103.0 %
2103011000 100.0 % 103.0 % 103.0 %
2104002000 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104004000 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104005000 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104006000 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104007000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2104011000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Residential wood combustion 2104008100 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104008210 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104008220 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2104008230 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104008310 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104008320 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2104008330 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104008400 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104008610 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %
2104009000 89.8 % 100.0 % 89.8 %

Locomotive 2285002006 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2285002007 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2285002008 98.2 % 100.0 % 98.2 %
2285002009 94.9 % 100.0 % 94.9 %

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4-7 Nonpoint Source Sector SCC Activity in April Activity on Wednesdays Activity During Design Day

2285002010 98.5 % 100.0 % 98.5 %
Paved road 2294000000 98.5 % 98.5 % 98.5 %

Unpaved road 2296005000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2296010000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Commercial coo king 2302002100 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2302002200 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2302003000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2302003100 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2302003200 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Mineral p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 2305070000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Mineral p rocessing (stone) 2305080000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Asphalt 2306010000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
Wind e rosion (construction) 2311000100 N/A N/A N/A

Construction 2311010000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2311020000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2311030000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % Sand & gravel 2325030000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Open burning 2610000100 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2610000300 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2610000400 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2810035000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
2810090000 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %
Wind e rosion (vacant lands) 2730100000 N/A N/A N/A

Structure fires 2810030000 72.0 % 84.0 % 60.5 %
Vehicle fires 2810090000 72.0 % 84.0 % 60.5 %



## EP A ’s temporal profiles are based on national averages , which are reasonably representative for most nonpoint sources

. Whenever available, h owever, state or local data were used to estimate activity : e.g., EIA state

- specific data for natural gas consumption were used whe n estimating emission s from residential, commercial, and industrial sources for the fuel combustion nonpoint
sector (EIA 2010a).

4.5 Rule Effectiveness and Rule Penetration

V olume 73, page 76555 of the Federal Register (73 FR 76555) defines rule effectiveness (RE) as “ a rating of how well a regulatory program achieves all possible emissions reductions. This rating reflects the assumption that controls typically are not 100 percent effective because of equipment downtime, upsets, decreases in control efficiencies, and other defic iencies in emission estimates. ”

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4-8 

## The same page defines rule penetration (RP) as “ the percentage of a nonpoint source category covered by an applicable regulation.”

R E and RP values generally do not apply to nonpoint sources because of a lack of control de vices subject to rule requirements

. Table 4

- 5 lists t he few nonpoint sources with RE and RP values less than 100 percent ; it shows the controls associated with a subcategory of residential wood combustion devices and with the construction sector. The table included r ules related to fuel usage and emission unit manufacture if they a re referenced in the Clark County Air Quality Regulations (AQRs) or EPA documents

. The RE and RP values of these rules were assumed to be 100 percent

. Table 4 -6 includes more detailed RE, RP, and control efficiency information for all of the inventoried nonpoint sectors.

Table 4-5. RE and RP for Nonpoint Source s

Nonpoint Sector SCC RE % RP %

Fuel combustion 1 2102004000 100 100
2102011000 100 100
2103004000 100 100
2103011000 100 100
2104004000 100 100

Residential wood combustion 2 2104008000 100 100
2104008100 100 100
2104008210 100 100
2104008220 100 100
2104008230 100 100
2104008310 90 100
2104008320 90 100
2104008330 90 100
Fuel combustion 2104011000 100 100

Locomotive 3 2285002006 100 100
2285002007 100 100
2285002008 100 100
2285002009 100 100
2285002010 100 100
Wind erosion from construction activities 2311000100 80 98
Residential construction 2311010000 80 98
Non

- residential construction 2311020000 80 98
Road construction 2311030000 80 98

Source: EPA 2005.
1 The sulfur content of fuel oil combusted within Clark County is regulated under AQR Section 29. No o ther PM 10 controls were identified.
2 Assumed any and all controls occur at the manufacturer and are 100 % , and that control equipment is installed by the manufacturer and additional emissions are a result of RE or RP values below 100 %. 3 A ssumed 40 CFR 1033.901 standards are being met with approximately 100 % capture and control efficiency.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4-9 Table 4-6

. RE, RP, and Capture & Control Efficiencies

Sector SCC RE RP Cont rol Device Capture Eff

. 1 Control Eff

. 2 Total PM 10 Control s 3 Comments

Fu el c ombu stion 2102002000 N/A N/A No 4 N/A N/A N/A Assumed that stoker

- fired systems represent coal combu stion units in Las Vegas

. PM 10 EF does not depend on ash content of fired coal, which is subject to permit conditions (AP

- 42, Table 1.1

- 11).

2102004000 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % AQR Section 29 regulates the sulfur content of fuel co mbusted in Clark County.

2102005000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No identifiable use of residual oil within Clark County (AP

42, Table 1.3

- 6).
2102006000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No PM 10 controls identified (AP

- 42 Tables 1.4

- 1

, - 2)

. 21020 07000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No PM 10 controls identified (AP

- 42 Table 1.5

- 1)

. 21020110 00 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % Distillate oils include kerosene and diesel fuels.

2103002000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No identifiable emissions in Clark County associated with burning coal in the residential or commercial sectors.

2103004000 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % Section 29 regulates the sulfur content of fuel combusted in Clark County.
2103005000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A N o identifiable use of residual oil within Clark County

. 2103006000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No controls identified (AP

- 42 Tables 1.4

- 1

, - 2)

. 2103007000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No controls identified (AP

- 42 Table 1.5

- 1)

.
2103011000 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % Section 29 regulates the sulfur content of fuel combusted in Clark County.

2104002000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A Assumed that stoker

- fired systems represent coal combu stion units in Las Vegas

. PM 10 EF does not depend on ash content of fired coal , which is subject to permit conditions.

2104004000 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % Section 29 regulates the sulfur content of fuel combusted in Clark County.
21040 05000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A N o identifiable use of residual oil within Clark County

. 21040 06000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No controls identified (AP

- 42 Tables 1.4

- 1

, - 2)

. 2104007000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No controls identified (AP

- 42 Table 1.5

- 1)

.

Reside ntial wood burning 2104008100 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % A ssumed all controls occur at the manufacturer level and

are 100 percent

. 2104008210 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % From EPA ( 2005 )

. 21040 08220 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % From EPA ( 2005 )

.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 10 Sector SCC RE RP Cont rol Device Capture Eff

. 1 Control Eff

. 2 Total PM 10 Control s 3 Comments

2104008230 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % From EPA ( 2005 )

.

2104008310 90 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 90 % A ssume d control equipment is installed by manufacturer and any additional emissions are a result of RE or RP va lues below 100 percent

. 21040 08320 90 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 90 % From EPA ( 2005 )

. 2104008330 90 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 90 % From EPA ( 2005 )

. 21040 08400 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A N o AQRs or identified controls for these devices.
2104008610 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A
21040 09000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A
Fuel combu stion 2104011000 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % Section 29 regulates sulfur content of fuel combusted in Clark County.

Locomotive 2285002006 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 % 40 CFR 1033.901 requires manufacturers to meet tiered standards that depend on the manufacture year. A ssumed that standards a re met with ~ 100 % capture and control e fficiency that all controls occur at the manufacturer

, and that controls are 100 %. Locomotives built before 1973 ar e exempt, but Union Paci fic has upgraded all its locomotives to Tier 2. 2285002007 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 %
22 85002008 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 %
22 85002009 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 %

2285002010 100 % 100 % Yes 100 % 100 % 100 %

Pav ed road 2294000000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A E stimates based on AP

- 42 calculation s

. Since emissions are fugitive dust , no capture efficiency was assigned.

Unpaved road 2296005000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A From EQM ( 2006 ) , p

. 8

- 2.
22960 10000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A F ugitive dust

.

Commercial cooking 2302002100 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A Clark County does not regulate charbroiler emissions

, so equipment capture and control efficiencies were not est imated

. 23020 02200 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A

2302003000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A Assumed that a ny controls associated with frying food o ccur at the manufactur er level and are 100 %

. 23020 03100 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A
2302003200 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 11 Sector SCC RE RP Cont rol Device Capture Eff

. 1 Control Eff

. 2 Total PM 10 Control s 3 Comments

Minera l p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 2305070000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Emissions based on actual emissions from permitted facil ities. A control efficiency was not included because one or more may be present, depending on the size of the plant and the type of process. AQ applies a 90.9 % control eff iciency for the application of water to aggregate that pr oduces a 2.5 % moisture content

, and a 95 % control eff iciency when a belt feeder is partially enclosed

. Mineral p rocessing (stone) 2305080000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Emissions based on actual emissions from permitted facil ities. AQ applies a 90 % control efficiency when water is used during the stonecutting process

.

Asphalt 2306010000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Emissions based on actual emissions from permitted facil ities. AQ applies an 81.5 % control efficiency for the appl ica tion of water to aggregate that produces a 1.5 % moi sture content ; a 95 % control efficiency when a belt feeder or truck loadout is partially enclosed; and a 99 % control eff iciency when a bagh ouse is used at a silo

. Wind e rosion from constru ction (total) 2311000100 80 % 98 % Yes N/A 91 % 71 % Fugitive dust

.

Residential construction 2311010000 80 % 98 % Yes N/A 87 % 68 % From DAQEM ( 200 3) , pp. 6

- 7.

Non

- residential

c onstruction 2311020000 80 % 98 % Yes N/A 87 % 68 % Fugitive dust

.
Road co nstru ction 2311030000 80 % 98 % Yes N/A 87 % 68 % Fugitive dust

.

Sand & gravel 2325030000 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Emissions based on actual emissions from permitted facil ities. AQ applies a 90.9 % control efficiency for the applic ation of water to aggregate that produces a 2.5 % moisture content , and a 95 % control efficiency when a belt feeder is partially enclosed

.

Open burning 2610000100 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No known controls.
26100 00300 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No known controls.
2610000400 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No known controls.
Wind e rosion (vacant lands) 2730100000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A Vacant land emissions likely occur only at threshold wind speeds and depend on the type of land

. Structural fires 2810030000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A Fires are not controlled

. Open burning 2810035000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No known controls.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 12 Sector SCC RE RP Cont rol Device Capture Eff

. 1 Control Eff

. 2 Total PM 10 Control s 3 Comments

Vehicle fires 2810050000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A Fires are not controlled

. Open b urning 2810090000 N/A N/A No N/A N/A N/A No known controls.

1 ”Capture efficiency” is the weight per unit time of a pollutant entering a capture system and delivered to a control device d ivided by the weight per unit time of the total amount of the pollutant generated by the source. 2 ”Control efficiency” is the weight per unit time of a pollutant entering a capture system and delivered to a control device divided by the weight per unit time of the total amount of the pollutant generated by the source. 3 When controls exist but do not impact emissions calculations; they are listed as “N/A.”
4 AP

- 42 indicate s that any add

- on controls associated with fuel combustion are narrowly tailored toward controlling NO x emissions

, so any capture and control efficiencies associated with add

- on control s we re assumed to be negligible for PM 10
.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 13 

## 4.6 Growth Factors Used to Project Emissions

P rojected emissions in this PM 10 

## maintenance plan are generally based on growth factors generated by EGAS , version 5.0; however , EGAS may over estimate emissions growth. A draft EPA paper (Chappell 2006) suggests EGAS factors may overstate future

- year emissions in regulatory impact analyses , and EPA has commented in several Federal Register entries that EGAS growth factors may overstate future

- year emiss ions. Clark County still us ed EGAS growth factors to project 2023 nonpoint source emissions, with the following exceptions:

1. E GAS factors were not used where more accurate EIA fuel consumption projections were available. EIA f orecasts for the consumption of natural gas, distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, and LPG were used to project emissions for the fuel combustion sector ( EIA 2009).

2. P rojected Union Pacific growth factors (Germer 2010) and EPA EFs (EPA 2009a), rather than EGAS factors, were used to estimate locomotive emissions

. EPA’s projected EFs showed more of a downward trend based on regulations mandating stricter controls for future years that E GAS did not take into account.

3. E GAS factors were not used to project emissions for the paved road sector. Instead, projected growth was based on more accurate vehicle miles traveled ( VMT ) projections from the RTC.

4. E GAS factors were not used to project emissions for the construction, wind erosion, and unpaved road sector s. G rowth in these sectors was linked to projected population changes in the BLM disposal and nonattainment areas.

4.7 Emissions Summary

T he following tables provide the e stimated design

- day emissions from nonpoint source sectors. Emissions are listed for the 2008 baseline year, the 2015 midpoint year, and the 2023 horizon year

. Totals account for the overlap of point and nonpoint sources.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 14 Table 4-7

. Nonpoint Sector Design Day Emissions

— BLM Disposal Area

Nonpoint Source Sector Design Day Emissions ( tpd )
2008 2015 2023
Fuel combustion 1.23 1.29 1.38
Residential wood combustion 1.89 1.90 1.92
Locomotive 0.06 0.06 0.05
Paved road 30.85 38.04 48.78 Unpaved r oad 5.84 6.51 7.49
Commercial c ooking 2.19 2.52 2.83
Mineral p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 0.28 0.34 0.40 Mineral p rocessing (stone) 0.15 0.18 0.21 Asphalt 0.33 0.37 0.40
Wind e rosion ( c onstruction) 183.97 217.70 249.21
Construction 30.93 37.69 41.22 Sand & gravel 0.42 0.51 0.60 Open burning 0.02 0.02 0.02 Wind erosion (vacant lands) 439.05 288.16 122.77
Structural f ires 0.02 0.02 0.03
Vehicle f ires 0.03 0.03 0.04
TOTAL 697.23 595.34 477.36



### Table 4-8

. Nonpoint Sector Design Day Emissions

— HA 212

Nonpoint Sector Design Day Emissions (tpd)
2008 2015 2023
Fuel combustion 1.23 1.29 1.38
Residential wood combustion 1.89 1.91 1.93
Locomotive 0.06 0.07 0.06
Paved road 31.06 38.34 49.20 Unpaved r oad 6.76 7.54 8.68
Commercial c ooking 2.20 2.52 2.84
Mineral p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 0.28 0.34 0.40 Mineral p rocessing (stone) 0.15 0.18 0.22 Asphalt 0.33 0.37 0.41
Wind e rosion ( c onstruction) 184.55 218.40 250.00
Construction 31.02 37.80 41.34 Sand & gravel 0.42 0.51 0.60 Open burning 0.02 0.02 0.02 Wind erosion (vacant lands) 3,630.12 3,478.81 3,312.96
Structural f ires 0.02 0.02 0.03
Vehicle f ires 0.03 0.03 0.04
TOTAL 3,890.13 3,788.15 3,670.09

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 15 Table 4-9

. Nonpoint Sector Annual Emissions

— BLM disposal area

Nonpoint Sector Annual Emissions ( tpy )
2008 2015 2023
Fuel combustion 445.77 467.21 498.15
Residential wood combustion 758.69 764.63 774.59
Locomotive 20.97 23.78 20.64
Paved road 11,152.75 13,198.07 15,108.25 Unpaved r oad 2,135.69 2,381.96 2,742.37
Commercial c ooking 802.26 921.09 1,036.77
Mineral p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 101.03 123.07 144.88 Mineral p rocessing (stone) 54.82 66.78 78.61 Asphalt 121.30 134.94 147.83
Wind e rosion ( c onstruction) 19,550.11 23,135.44 26,483.86
Construction 11,318.05 13,793.38 15,085.35 Sand & gravel 152.56 185.84 218.78 Open burning 5.65 6.75 7.54 Wind erosion (vacant lands) 88,841.76 64,874.96 38,233.48
Structural f ires 12.45 15.01 17.52
Vehicle f ires 17.23 20.40 23.35
TOTAL 135,491.11 120,113.31 100,621.98



### Table 4- 10

. Nonpoint Sector Annual Emissions

— HA 212

Nonpoint Sector Annual Emissions ( tpy )
2008 2015 2023
Fuel combustion 446.98 468.48 499.50
Residential wood combustion 760.75 766.70 776.68
Locomotive 21.03 23.85 20.69
Paved road 11,227.01 13,285.95 15,208.85 Unpaved r oad 2,473.36 2,758.56 3,175.95
Commercial c ooking 804.43 923.58 1,039.58
Mineral p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 101.31 123.40 145.28 Mineral p rocessing (stone) 54.97 66.96 78.83 Asphalt 121.63 135.31 148.23
Wind e rosion ( c onstruction) 19,612.18 23,208.89 26,567.94
Construction 11,350.73 13,833.10 15,128.90 Sand & gravel 152.98 186.34 219.37 Open burning 5.67 6.77 7.56 Wind erosion (vacant lands) 644,062.04 620,028.71 593,313.55
Structural f ires 12.48 15.06 17.57
Vehicle f ires 17.28 20.45 23.41
TOTAL 691,224.81 675,852.11 656,371.90

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 16 Table 4- 11

. Design Day Emissions in HA 212 ( tpd )

Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

Fuel combustion 2102002000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial/ Bituminous/Subbituminous Coal / Total: All Boiler Types 0.84 0.89 0.96

2102004000 S tationary Fuel Comb/Industrial / Distillate Oil/Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.18 0.19 0.20
2102005000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial/ Residual Oil /Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00
2102006000 S tationary Fuel Comb/Industrial / Natural Gas /Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2102007000 S tationary Fuel Comb/Industrial / Liquefied Petroleum Gas/Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2102011000 S tationary Fuel Comb/Industrial / Kerosene/Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103002000 Stationary Fuel Comb /Commercial/Institutional/ Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous Coal/Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103004000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Commercial/Instituti onal/Distillate Oil /Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.03 0.03 0.03

2103005000 Stationary Fuel Comb /Commercial/Institutional/Residual Oil/Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103006000 Stationary Fuel Comb /Commercial /Institutional /Natural Gas/Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103007000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional/ Liquefied Petroleum Gas /Total: All Combustor Types 0.01 0.01 0.01

2103011000 Stationary Fuel Comb /Commercial/Institutional /Kerosene /Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104002000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential / Bituminous/Subbituminous Coal / Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104004000 Stationary Fu el Comb/Residential / Distillate Oil /Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00
2104005000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential / Residual Oil /Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00
2104006000 Stationary Fue l Comb/Residential / Natural Gas /Total: All Combustor Types 0.17 0.17 0.17

2104007000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential / Liquefied Petroleum Gas /Total: All Co mbustor Types 0.01 0.01 0.01

Residential wood burning 2104008100 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential / Wood /Fireplace: G eneral 0.49 0.50 0.50

2104008210 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential / Wood /Woodstove: Fireplace Inserts; Non

EPA Certified 0.53 0.53 0.54

2104008220 Stationary Fuel Comb /Residential/ Wood /Wo odstove: Fireplace Inserts; EPA

Certified; Non

- Catalytic 0.12 0.12 0.12

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 17 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

2104008230 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential /Wood/Wo odstove: Fireplace Inserts; EPA

Certified; Catalytic 0.04 0.04 0.04

2104008310 Station ary Fuel Comb/Residential / Wood /Woodstove: Freestanding, Non

- EPA C ertified 0.48 0.49 0.49

2104008320 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential /Wood/Woodstove: Freestanding, EPA

c ertified, Non

- Catalytic 0.11 0.11 0.11

2104008330 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential / Wood /Woodstove: Freestanding, EPA

c ertified, Catalytic 0.03 0.03 0.04

2104008400 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential /Wood/Woodstove: Pellet

- f ired, General (freestanding or FP insert) 0.01 0.01 0.01

2104008610 Stationary Fuel Comb /Residential /Wood/Hydronic heater: Outdoor 0.00 0.00 0.00
2104009000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential / Firelog /Total: All Combustor Types 0.07 0.07 0.07
Fuel combustion 2104011000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential / Kerosene /Total: All Heater Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

Locomotive 2285002006 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment/Diesel /Line Haul Locomotives: Class I Operations 0.06 0.07 0.06

2285002007 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment/Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Class II /III Operations 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002008 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment/Diesel /Line Haul Locomotives: Passenger Trains (Amtrak) 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002009 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equip ment /Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Commuter Lines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002010 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment /Diesel/Yard Locomotives 0.00 0.00 0.00
Paved road 2294000000 Mobile Sources/ Paved Roads/All Paved Roads /Total: Fugitives 31.06 38.34 49.20

Unpaved road 2296005000 Mobile Sources/ Unpaved Roads/Public Unpaved Roads /Total: Fugitives 1.10 1.23 1.41
2296010000 Mobile Sources/ Unpaved Roads/Industrial Unpaved Roads /Total: Fugitives 5.66 6.31 7.27

Commercial cooking 2302002100 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products/Commercial Cooking - Cha rbroiling / Conveyorized Charbroiling 0.24 0.27 0.31

2302002200 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products /Co mmercial Cooking - Cha rbroiling / Under

- fired Charbroiling 1.60 1.84 2.07

2302003000 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Pro ducts / Commercial Cooking - Fr ying /Deep Fat Frying 0.00 0.00 0.00

2302003100 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products/Commercial Cooking - Fr ying/Flat Griddle Frying 0.35 0.41 0.46

2302003200 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products/Commercial Cooking - Frying / Clamshell Griddle Frying 0.00 0.00 0.01

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 18 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023
Mineral p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 2305070000 Industrial Processes/ Mineral Processes /Concrete, Gypsum, Plaster Pro ducts/Total 0.28 0.34 0.40

Mineral p rocessing (stone) 2305080000 Industrial Processes/ Mineral Processes/Cut Stone & Stone Products/Total 0.15 0.18 0.22

Asphalt 2306010000 Industrial Processes/ Petroleum Refining/Asphalt Paving/Roofing Mat erials/Total 0.33 0.37 0.41

Wind e rosion from construction (total) 2311000100 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 1 15

- 17 /All Processes /Wind Erosion 184.55 218.40 250.00

Residential construction 2311010000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15 - 17 / Residential /Total 11.26 13.69 15.01

Non residential

c onstruction 2311020000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SI C 15

- 17 /Indu strial/Commercial/Institutional /Total 17.96 21.94 23.94

Road construction 2311030000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15

- 17/Road Construction /Total 1.79 2.17 2.38 Sand & gravel 2325030000 Industrial Processes/ Mining & Quarrying/Sand & Gravel /Total 0.42 0.51 0.60

Open burning 2610000100 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Burning/All Categories /Yard Waste

- Leaf Species Unspecified 0.00 0.00 0.00

2610000300 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Burning/All Categories /Yard Waste

- Weed Species Unspecified (including Grass) 0.00 0.00 0.00

2610000400 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Burning/All Categories /Yard Waste

- Brush Species Unspecified 0.00 0.00 0.00

Wind e rosion (vacant lands) 2730100000 Natural Sources/Geogenic/Wind Erosion/Total 3,630.12 3,478.81 3,312.96

Structural fires 2810030000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Structure Fires /Unspecified 0.02 0.02 0.03 Open burning 2810035000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Firefighting Training /Total 0.00 0.00 0.00

Vehicle fires 2810050000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/Motor Vehicle Fires /Unspecified 0.03 0.03 0.04
Open burning 2810090000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Open Fire /Not categorized 0.02 0.02 0.02
TOTAL 3,890.13 3,788.15 3,670.09

1 SIC = Standard Industrial Code.

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 19 Table 4- 12

. Design Day Emissions in the BLM Disposal Area ( tpd )

Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

Fuel combustion 2102002000 S tationary Fuel Comb/Industrial /Bituminous/Subbituminous Coal/Total: All Bo iler Types 0.84 0.88 0.96

2102004000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Distillate Oil/Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.18 0.19 0.20

2102005000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Industrial/Residual Oil /Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2102006000 Stationary Fue l Comb/Industrial/Natural Gas /Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2102007000 Stationary Fuel Comb /Indu strial/ Liquefied Petroleum Gas /Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2102011000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Industrial/Kerosene /Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103002000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Commercial/Institutional / Bituminous/Sub

- bituminous Coal /Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103004000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Commercial/Institutional / Distillate Oil /Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.03 0.03 0.03

2103005000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Commercial/Institutional / Residual Oil /Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103006000 Stationary Fuel Comb /Commer cial/Institutional/Natural Gas /Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103007000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Commercial/Institutional / Liquefied Petroleum Gas /Total: All Combustor Types 0.01 0.01 0.01

2103011000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Commercial/Institu tional / Kerosene /Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104002000 Stationary Fuel Comb /Residential /Bituminous/ Subbituminous Coal /Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104004000 Stationary Fuel C omb/Residential/Distillate Oil /Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104005000 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential /Residual Oil/Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104006000 Stationary Fuel Co mb/Residential/Natural Gas /Total: All Combustor Types 0.17 0.17 0.17

2104007000 St ationary Fuel Comb/Residential/ Liquefied Petroleum Gas /Total: All Combu stor Types 0.01 0.01 0.01

Residential wood burning 2104008100 St ationary Fuel Comb/Residential/Wood /Fireplace: general 0.49 0.50 0.50

2104008210 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential/Wood /Woodstove: fireplace inserts; non

EPA certified 0.53 0.53 0.54

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 20 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

2104008220 Stationary Fuel Comb /R esidential/Wood /Wo odstove: fireplace inserts; EPA

certified; non

- catalytic 0.12 0.12 0.12

2104008230 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential/Wood /Wo odstove: fireplace inserts; EPA

certified; catalytic 0.04 0.04 0.04

2104008310 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential/Wood /Woodstove: freestanding, non

- EPA certified 0.48 0.48 0.49

2104008320 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential/Wood / Woodstove: freestanding, EPA

certified, non

- catalytic 0.11 0.11 0.11

2104008330 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential/Wood /W oodstove: freestanding, EPA

certified, catalytic 0.03 0.03 0.03

2104008400 Stationary Fuel Comb/Residential/Wood /Woodstove: pellet

- fired, general (freestanding or fireplace insert) 0.01 0.01 0.01

2104008610 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Hydronic heater: outdoor 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104009000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Firelog / Total: All Combustor Types 0.07 0.07 0.07

Fuel combustion 2104011000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Kerosene / Total: All Heater Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

Locomotive 2285002006 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Class I Operations 0.06 0.06 0.05

2285002007 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Class II / III Operations 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002008 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Passenger Trains (Amtrak) 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002009 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Commuter Lines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002010 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Yard Locomotives 0.00 0.00 0.00

Paved road 2294000000 Mobile Sources/ Paved Roads / All Paved Roads / Total: Fugitives 30.85 38.04 48.78

Unpaved road 2296005000 Mobile Sources/ Unpaved Roads / Public Unpaved Roads / Total: Fugitives 0.28 0.32 0.36

2296010000 Mobile Sources/ Unpaved Roads / Industrial Unpaved Roads / Total: Fugitives 5.55 6.19 7.13

Commercial cooking 2302002100 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking

- Cha rbroiling / Conveyorized Charbroiling 0.24 0.27 0.31

2302002200 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking

- Cha rbroiling / Under

- fired Charbroiling 1.60 1.83 2.06

2302003000 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking

- Fr ying / Deep Fat Frying 0.00 0.00 0.00

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 21 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

2302003100 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking

- Fr ying / Flat Griddle Frying 0.35 0.41 0.46

2302003200 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking

- Fr ying / Clamshell Griddle Frying 0.00 0.00 0.01

Mineral p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 2305070000 Industrial Processes/ Mineral Processes / Concrete, Gypsum, Plaster Pro ducts / Total 0.28 0.34 0.40

Mineral p rocessing (stone) 2305080000 Industrial Processes/ Mineral Processes / Cut Stone & Stone Products / Total 0.15 0.18 0.21

Asphalt 2306010000 Industrial Processes/ Petroleum Refining / Asphalt Paving/Roofing Mat erials / Total 0.33 0.37 0.40

Wind e rosion from construction (total) 2311000100 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 1 15 - 17 / All Processes / Wind Erosion 183.97 217.70 249.21

Residential construction 2311010000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15 - 17 / Residential / Total 11.25 13.68 15.00

Non

- residential

c onstruction 2311020000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15

- 17 / Industrial/Commercial/Institutional / Total 17.88 21.84 23.84

Road construction 2311030000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15

- 17 / Road Construction / Total 1.79 2.17 2.38 Sand & gravel 2325030000 Industrial Processes/ Mining & Quarrying / Sand & Gravel / Total 0.42 0.51 0.60

Open burning 2610000100 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Burning / All Categories / Yard Waste

- Leaf Species Unspecified 0.00 0.00 0.00

2610000300 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/Open Burning / All Categories / Yard Waste

- Weed Species Unspecified (including Grass) 0.00 0.00 0.00

2610000400 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Burning / All Categories / Yard Waste

- Brush Species Unspecified 0.00 0.00 0.00

Wind e rosion (vacant lands) 2730100000 Natural Sources/Geogenic/Wind Erosion/Total 439.05 288.16 122.77

Structural fires 2810030000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Structure Fires / Unspecified 0.02 0.02 0.03 Open burning 2810035000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Firefighting Training / Total 0.00 0.00 0.00

Vehicle fires 2810050000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Motor Vehicle Fires / Unspecified 0.03 0.03 0.04

Open burning 2810090000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Open Fire / Not categorized 0.02 0.02 0.02

TOTAL 697. 23 595. 34 477. 36

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 22 Table 4- 13

. Annual PM 10 

### Emissions in HA 212 (tons)

Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

Fuel combustion 2102002000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Bituminous/Subbitumi

nous Coal / Total: All Boiler Types 299.02 314.89 340.37

2102004000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Distillate Oil / Total: Bo ilers and IC Engines 64.05 66.29 70.00

2102005000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Residual Oil / Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2102006000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Natural Gas / Total: Bo ilers and IC Engines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2102007000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Liquefied Petroleum Gas / Total: All Boiler Types 1.38 1.52 1.66

2102011000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Kerosene / Total: All Bo iler Types 0.01 0.01 0.02

2103002000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Bitumi

nous/Subbituminous Coal / Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103004000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Distillate Oil / Total: Boilers and IC Engines 9.16 9.48 10.01

2103005000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Residual Oil / Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103006000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Natural Gas / Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103007000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Liquefied Petroleum Gas / Total: All Combustor Types 2.10 2.31 2.52

2103011000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Kerosene / Total: All Combustor Types 0.12 0.12 0.13

2104002000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential /Bituminous/Subbitumi

nous Coal / Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104004000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Distillate Oil / Total: All Combustor Types 0.66 0.68 0.72

2104005000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Residual Oil / Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104006000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Natural Gas / Total: All Combustor Types 67.77 70.20 70.83

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 23 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

2104007000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Liquefied Petroleum Gas / Total: All Combustor Types 2.67 2.94 3.20

Residential wood burning 2104008100 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Fireplace: ge neral 200.87 202.44 205.08

2104008210 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Woodstove: fireplace inserts; non

- EPA certified 215.39 217.07 219.90

2104008220 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Wo odstove: fireplace inserts; EPA

- certified; non

- catalytic 44.25 44.59 45.17

2104008230 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Wo odstove: fireplace inserts; EPA

- certified; catalytic 15.35 15.47 15.67

2104008310 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Woodstove: freestanding, non

- EPA certified 196.16 197.70 200.27

2104008320 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Woodstove: freestanding, EPA

- certified, non

- catalytic 40.29 40.60 41.13

2104008330 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Woodstove: freest anding, EPA

- certified, catalytic 13.97 14.08 14.27

2104008400 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Woodstove: pe l let

- fired, general (freestanding or FP insert) 5.90 5.95 6.03

2104008610 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Hydronic he ater: outdoor 0.02 0.02 0.02

2104009000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Firelog / Total: All Combustor Types 28.55 28.78 29.15

Fuel combustion 2104011000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Kerosene / Total: All Heater Types 0.04 0.04 0.03

Locomotive 2285002006 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Class I Operations 21.03 23.85 20.69

2285002007 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Class II / III Operations 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002008 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Passenger Trains (Amtrak) 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002009 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul Locomotives: Commuter Lines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002010 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Yard Loc omotives 0.00 0.00 0.00

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 24 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

Paved road 2294000000 Mobile Sources/ Paved Roads / All Paved Roads / Total: Fugitives 11,227.01 13,285.95 15,208.85

Unpaved road 2296005000 Mobile Sources/ Unpaved Roads / Public Unpaved Roads / Total: Fugitives 402.22 448.60 516.48

2296010000 Mobile Sources/ Unpaved Roads / Industrial Unpaved Roads / Total: Fugitives 2,071.14 2,309.96 2,659.48

Commercial cooking 23020 02100 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Pro ducts / Commercial Cooking - Charbroiling / Conveyorized Charbroiling 87.65 100.63 113.27

2302002200 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Pro ducts / Commercial Cooking - Charbroiling / Under

- fired Charbroiling 585.72 672.48 756.94

2302003000 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Pro ducts / Commercial Cooking

- Frying / Deep Fat Frying 0.00 0.00 0.00

2302003100 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Pro ducts / Commercial Cooking

- Frying / Flat Griddle Frying 129.64 148.84 167.54

2302003200 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Pro ducts / Commercial Cooking - Frying / Clamshell Griddle Frying 1.42 1.63 1.84

Mineral p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 2305070000 Industrial Processes/ Mineral Processes / Concrete, Gy psum, Plaster Products / Total 101.31 123.40 145.28

Mineral p rocessing (stone) 2305080000 Industrial Processes/ Mineral Processes / Cut Stone & Stone Products / Total 54.97 66.96 78.83

Asphalt 2306010000 Industrial Processes/ Petroleum Refining / Asphalt Pa ving/Roofing Materials / Total 121.63 135.31 148.23

Wind e rosion from construction (total) 2311000100 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 1 15

- 17 / All Processes / Wind Erosion 19,612.18 23,208.89 26,567.94

Residential construction 2311010000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15

- 17 / Residential / Total 4,121.69 5,009.66 5,493.62

Non

- residential c o nstruction 2311020000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15

- 17 / Industrial/Commercial/ Institu t ional / Total 6,574.90 8,028.38 8,763.40

Road construction 2311030000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15

- 17 / Road Construction / Total 654.14 795.07 871.88

Sand & gravel 2325030000 Industrial Processes/ Mining & Quarrying / Sand & Gr avel / Total 152.98 186.34 219.37

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 25 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

Open burning 2610000100 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Bur ning / All Categories / Yard Waste - Leaf Species Unspec ified 0.01 0.01 0.01

2610000300 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Bur ning / All Categories / Yard Waste - Weed Species Unspec ified (including Grass) 0.00 0.00 0.00

2610000400 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Bur ning / All Categories / Yard Waste - Brush Species Unspec ified 0.01 0.01 0.01

Wind e rosion (vacant lands) 2730100000 Natural Sources/Geogenic/Wind Erosion/Total 644,062.04 620,028.71 593,313.55

Structural fires 2810030000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combu stion/ Structure Fires / Unspecified 12.48 15.06 17.57

Open burning 2810035000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combu stion/ Firefighting Training / Total 0.05 0.06 0.07

Vehicle fires 2810050000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Motor Vehicle Fires / Unspecified 17.28 20.45 23.41

Open burning 2810090000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Open Fire / Not categorized 5.60 6.69 7.48

TOTAL 691,224.81 675,852.11 656,371.90

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 26 Table 4- 14

. Annual PM 10 

### Emissions in BLM Disposal Area (tons)

Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

Fuel combustion 2102002000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Bituminous/Subbitumi

nous Coal / Total: All Boiler Types 298.22 314.04 339.45

2102004000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Distillate Oil / Total: Boilers and IC Engines 63.88 66.11 69.81

2102005000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Residual Oil / Total: All Bo iler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2102006000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Natural Gas / Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2102007000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Liquefied Petroleum Gas / Total: All Boiler Types 1.38 1.52 1.65

2102011000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Industrial / Kerosene / Total: All Boiler Types 0.01 0.01 0.02

2103002000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Bituminous/ Subbituminous Coal / Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103004000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Distillate Oil / Total: Boilers and IC Engines 9.14 9.46 9.99

2103005000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Residual Oil / Total: All Boiler Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103006000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Natural Gas / Total: Boilers and IC Engines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2103007000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Liquefied Petroleum Gas / Total: All Combustor Types 2.09 2.30 2.51

2103011000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Commercial/Institutional / Kerosene / Total: All Combustor Types 0.12 0.12 0.13

2104002000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Bituminous/Subbitumi

nous Coal / Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104004000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Distillate Oil / Total: All Combustor Types 0.66 0.68 0.72

2104005000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Residual Oil / Total: All Combustor Types 0.00 0.00 0.00

2104006000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Natural Gas / Total: All Combustor Types 67.59 70.01 70.64

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 27 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

2104007000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Liquefied Petroleum Gas / Total: All Combustor Types 2.66 2.93 3.20

Residential wood burning 2104008100 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Fireplace: general 200.33 201.90 204.53

2104008210 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Woodstove: fir eplace inserts; non

- EPA certified 214.80 216.49 219.30

2104008220 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Wo odstove: fir eplace inserts; EPA

- certified; non

- catalytic 44.13 44.47 45.05

2104008230 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Wo odstove: fir eplace inserts; EPA

- certified; catalytic 15.30 15.42 15.63

2104008310 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Woodstove: free standing, non

- EPA certified 195.63 197.16 199.73

2104008320 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Woodstove: free standing, EPA

- certified, non

- catalytic 40.18 40.49 41.02

2104008330 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood /Woodstove: free standing, EPA

- certified, catalytic 13.94 14.05 14.23

2104008400 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Woodstove: pe llet

- fired, general (freestanding or FP insert) 5.89 5.93 6.01

2104008610 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Wood / Hydronic heater: outdoor 0.02 0.02 0.02

2104009000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Firelog / Total: All Co mbustor Types 28.48 28.70 29.07

Fuel combustion 2104011000 Stationary Fuel Comb / Residential / Kerosene / Total: All He ater Types 0.04 0.04 0.03

Locomotive 2285002006 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul L ocomotives: Class I Operations 20.97 23.78 20.64

2285002007 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul L ocomotives: Class II / III Operations 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002008 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul L ocomotives: Passenger Trains (Amtrak) 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002009 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Line Haul L ocomotives: Commuter Lines 0.00 0.00 0.00

2285002010 Mobile Sources/ Railroad Equipment / Diesel / Yard Locom otives 0.00 0.00 0.00

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 28 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

Paved road 2294000000 Mobile Sources/ Paved Roads / All Paved Roads / Total: Fug itives 11,152.75 13,198.07 15,108.25

Unpaved road 2296005000 Mobile Sources/ Unpaved Roads / Public Unpaved Roads / Total: Fugitives 103.39 115.31 132.76

2296010000 Mobile Sources/ Unpaved Roads / Industrial Unpaved Roads / Total: Fugi tives 2,032.30 2,266.64 2,609.61

Commercial cooking 2302002100 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking

- Charbroiling / Conveyorized Charbroiling 87.41 100.36 112.97

2302002200 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking

- Charbroiling / Under

- fired Charbroiling 584.14 670.66 754.89

2302003000 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking

- Frying / Deep Fat Frying 0.00 0.00 0.00

2302003100 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking - Frying / Flat Griddle Frying 129.29 148.44 167.08

2302003200 Industrial Processes/ Food & Kindred Products / Commercial Cooking

- Frying / Clamshell Griddle Frying 1.42 1.63 1.83

Mineral p rocessing (concrete, gypsum) 2305070000 Industrial Processes/ Mineral Processes / Concrete, Gy psum, Plaster Products / Total 101.03 123.07 144.88

Mineral p rocessing (stone) 2305080000 Industrial Processes/ Mineral Processes / Cut Stone & Stone Products / Total 54.82 66.78 78.61

Asphalt 2306010000 Industrial Processes/ Petroleum Refining / Asphalt Pa ving/Roofing Materials / Total 121.30 134.94 147.83

Wind e rosion from construction (total) 2311000100 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15 1

- 17 / All Processes / Wind Erosion 19,550.11 23,135.44 26,483.86

Residential construction 2311010000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15 - 17 / Residential / Total 4,119.06 5,006.46 5,490.12

Non

- residential

c onstruction 2311020000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15

- 17 / Industrial/Commercial/ Institutional / Total 6,545.24 7,992.33 8,723.87

Road construction 2311030000 Industrial Processes/ Construction: SIC 15 - 17 / Road Co nstruction / Total 653.75 794.59 871.36

Sand & gravel 2325030000 Industrial Processes/ Mining & Quarrying / Sand & Gr avel / Total 152.56 185.84 218.78

Open burning 2610000100 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/Open Bur ning / All Categories / Yard Waste

- Leaf Species Unspecified 0.01 0.01 0.01

### PM 10 

### Maintenance Plan, Appendix A: Technical Support Document

4- 29 Nonpoint Sector SCC SCC Description 2008 2015 2023

2610000300 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Bur ning / All Categories / Yard Waste - Weed Species Unspecified (including Grass) 0.00 0.00 0.00

2610000400 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery/ Open Bur ning / All Categories / Yard Waste

- Brush Species Unspecified 0.01 0.01 0.01

Wind e rosion (vacant lands) 2730100000 Natural Sources/Geogenic/Wind Erosion/Total 88,841.76 64,874.96 38,233.48

Structural fires 2810030000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Structure Fires / Unspecified 12.45 15.01 17.52

Open burning 2810035000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Firefighting Training / Total 0.05 0.06 0.07

Vehicle fires 2810050000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Motor V ehicle Fires / Unspecified 17.23 20.40 23.35

Open burning 2810090000 Miscellaneous Area Sources/Other Combustion/ Open Fire / Not categorized 5.59 6.67 7.46

TOTAL 135,491.11 120,113.31 100,621.98

# ATTACHMENT D :

GASOLINE THROUGHPUT AND EMISSIONS DATA FOR CURRENTLY EXEMPT GASOLINE DISPENSING FACILITIES

# ATTACHMENT E :

• CUTBACK ASPHALT INVENTORY

• CORRESPONDENCE FROM REGIONAL TRANSPORTATION COMMISSION AND LOCAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENTS ON CUTBACK ASPHALT USE

• RTC ASPHALT SPECIFICATIONS

• MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS FOR SPECIFIED PRODUCTS

# E

- 1. CUTBACK ASPHALT INVENTORY

### Ozone Request for Redesignation and Maintenance Plan: Technical Support Document

5- 130 

## The annual usage is based on information obtained from suppliers. The baseline VOC emissions from t he cutback asphalt sector are relatively low and ranked 11 th 

## (0.69 tpd) amon g the nonpoint
source sectors. The industrial surface coating sector had the highest emissions (14.73 tpd).

Table 5-110. Cutback Asphalt Baseline and Projected Summer Work Weekday Emissions

SCC Description Tons per Day 2008 2015 2022 CO NO x 

### VOC CO NO x 

### VOC CO NO x 

### VOC

2461021000 Solvent Utilization / Miscellaneous Non

- industrial: Commercial / Cutback Asphalt / Total: All Solvent Types 0.00 0.00 0.69 0.00 0.00 0.88 0.00 0.00 1.08

Totals: 0.00 0.00 0.69 0.00 0.00 0.88 0.00 0.00 1.08 Difference (2022

- 2008): 0.00 0.00 0.40 Note: Emissions totals account for point / nonpoint overlap & RE / RP adjustment.



## 5.7.13.1 Emissions from Cutback Asphalt

Table 5-111. Emissions Summary from Cutback Asphalt

Year Summer Inventory Complete Annual Inventory Complete Summer VOC Emissions (tpy) Annual VOC Emissions (tpy)
2008 Yes Yes 44.63 177.79



### Table 5-112. Cutback Asphalt Emissions by SCC (tpy)

SCC 1 

### SCC Level: SCC Level: SCC Level: SCC Level: 2008 1 2 3 4 CO NO x 

### VOC

2461021000 Solvent Utilization Miscellaneous Non

- industrial: Commercial Cutback Asphalt Total: All Solvent Types 0 0 177.794

1 SCC database located at EPA, TTN Clearinghouse for Inventories & Emissions Facts

< http:// www.epa.gov / ttn / chief / codes / index.html#scc>. 

### Cutback Asphalt Emission Calculations Input Parameters:

1. 2008
2. Yes
3. Yes
4. 0
5. 888.97 Medium-cure cutback asphalt usage (tons): Year of emissions analysis: Summer inventory complete (yes or no): Annual inventory complete (yes or no):

Note: Cutback asphalt (liquefied asphalt) is formed by mixing liquefied paving asphalt (asphaltic cement) with petroleum distillates. Cutback asphalt contains a significant amount of light petroleum solvents such as kerosene, diesel, or naphtha. These solvents or diluents are added to the asphalt either at the refinery or the asphalt plant. As a result, cutback asphalt can be a significant source of VOCs. Slow-cure cutback asphalt usage (tons):

# E

- 2

. CORRESPONDENCE WITH LOCAL MPO AND PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENTS ON CB USE

# E

- 3

. MPO UNIFORM STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR ASPHALT

### 405

405-1 SECTION 405

TACK COAT

DE SCRIPTION

405.01.01 GENERAL

A. This work shall consist of preparing and treating an existing bituminous or concrete surface with asphaltic e mulsion in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.

MA TERIAL

405.02.01 BITUMINOUS MATERIAL

A. The type and grade of bituminous material shall be SS-1h or CSS-1h asphalt emul sion unless other wise specified in the Sp ecial Provisions.

1. The grade may be changed by the Engineer during construc tion.

2. The bituminous material shall comply with Section 703 , "Bituminous Materials."

3. The bituminous material may be conditionally accepted at th e source.
B. Asphaltic emulsion used as a tack coat between the courses of plantm ix surface or over an existing surface shall be of the t ype and grade specified and prepared for application as follows:

1. The emulsion shall be cut back by warm water.

2. Water shall be added to the emulsion in the quantity of 50 percent of the emulsion by weight.

C O NSTRUCTION

405.03.01 EQUIPMENT

A. The Contractor shall provide equipment for heating and applying the bituminous mat erial.

B. The distributor shall be so designed, equipped, maintained, and operated that bitumin ous material at even heat ma y be applied:

1. Uniformly on variable widths of surface up to 14 f eet.

2. At readily determined and controlled rates from 0.05 to 2.0 gallons per square yard with uniform pressure.

3. With an allowable variation from any specified rate not to exceed 0.02 gallon pe r square yard.
C. Distributor equipment shall include a tachometer, pressure gauges, accurate volume measurement devices or a calibrated tank, and thermometer for measuring tempera tures of tank cont ents.
D. Distributors shall be equipped with a power unit for the pump and full circulation spray bars adjusta ble laterally and vertically.

### 405 TACK COAT

405-2 405.03.02 WEATHER LIMITATIONS

A. Application of bituminous material will not be permitted:

1. When the surface to be treated is damp or wet.

2. When weather conditions are unsuitable.

3. When the surface temperature is below 50 degrees F.

405.03.03 PREPARATION OF SURFACE

A. The existing surface shall be patched and cleaned and be free of irregularities to provide a smooth and uniform surface to receive the treatment.

B. The edges of existing pavements that will be adjacent to new pavement shall be cleaned to permit the adhesion of bituminous materials.
C. Where the Contractor is applying tack upon a previously constructed course under the contract, patching, cleaning, repairing, and so forth will be at no additional cost to the Contracting Agency, unless otherwise provided. Comply with Subsection 104.04 , "Maintenance of Traffic," and Subsection 105.14 , "Maintenance During Construction."

D. Where the Contractor is applying tack upon a previously constructed course not a part of the contract, and when there are no items or pr ovisions to pay for preparing the existing surface, the Contractor shall be paid for such preparation under the provisions of Subsection 104.03 , "Extra Work."

405.03.04 APPLICATION OF ASPHALTIC EMULSION

A. The asphaltic emulsion shall be uniformly applied at the rate called for on the plans or ordered by the Engineer.

B. The temperature of the material to be spread at the time of application shall conform to Table 1 of Subsection 406.03.04 , "Application of Bituminous Material."
C. The tack coat shall be applied so as to offer the least inconvenience to traffic and to permit one-way traffic without pickup or tracking of the bituminous material.

1. Tack coat shall be applied only so far in advance that it will be covered during the following 36 hours.

2. The tack coat shall be completely "broke" prior to being covered.

ME THOD OF MEASUREMENT

405.04.01 MEASUREMENT

A. The quantity of bituminous material to be measured for payment will be the number of tons conforming to all the requirements in the completed work.

B. Bituminous material diluted as prescribed shall be measured in square yard, or tons of the diluted mixture acceptably applied to the surface.
C. All measurements will be made in accordance with Subsection 109.01 , "Measurement of Quantities."

### TACK COAT 405

405-3 BA SIS OF PAYMENT

405.05.01 PAYMENT

A. The acce pted quantity of bituminous material measured as provided in Subsection 405.04.01 , "Measurement," will be paid for at the contract unit price bid per square yard or ton.

B. The unit bid price shall be full compensation for furnishing the material, mixing, loading, hauling, placing, and incidentals necessary for doing all the work involved in placin g tack coat, as shown on the plans or established by the Engineer, all in accordance with Subsection 109.02 , "Scope of Payment."
C. The Contracting Agency reserves the right to increase or to omit all or any part o f the estimated a mount of bituminous material to be used and no adjustment in un it price shall be allowed by reason of such increase or decreas e.
D. When an item for Tack Coat does not appear in the proposal, tack coat will be considered as incidental to the subsequent paving and compensation shall be inclu ded in the contract prices for ot her items of work.

E. Payment will be made under:

PAY ITEM PAY UNIT Emulsified Asphalt Tack Coat (Typ e) (di luted) .........................................................Ton, S quare Yard

### 406

406 -1 SECTION 40 6

PRIME COAT

DESCRIPTION

406.01.01 GENERAL

A. This work shall consist of preparing and treating an existing aggregate base with bituminous material, and blotter material, if required, in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines shown on the plans or established by the Engineer

.
MATERIAL

406.02.01 BITUMINOUS MATERIAL

1. Unless otherwise specified, t he bituminous material shall be ”Eprime,” “TopeinS,” or other equivalent material approved by the Engineer.

B. The bituminous material shall meet the applicable requirements of the vendor.
C. The bituminous material may be conditionally accepted at the source.

406.02.02 SAND BLOTTER

A. Sand blotter shall meet the requirements of **Subsection 705.03.06**  **, "Sand Blotter."**  The material may be accepted in the stockpile at the source.

CONSTRUCTION

406.03.01 EQUIPMENT

A. The Contractor shall provide equipment for heating and applying the bituminous material and for applying blotter material.

B. The equipment shall meet the requirements of **Subsection 405.03.01**  **, "Equipment."**

406.03.02 WEATHER LIMITATIONS

A. Bituminous material shall not be applied :
1. O n a wet surface that has free

- standing water

. 2. W hen the atmospheric temperature is below 50 degrees F.

3. W hen weather conditions, in the opinion of the Engineer, would prevent the proper construction of the prime coat.

406.03.03 PREPARATION OF SURFACE

A. The surface upon which the bituminous prime coat is to be placed shall conform to the established lines and grades, shall be smooth and uniform

, and shall be co mp acted to the required density.

B. If the required density deteriorates between the time the gravel course was compacted originally and the time the prime coat is placed, for any reason whatsoever, then the

### 406 PRIME COAT

406 -2 surface shall be recompacted to the required densit y at no additional cost to the Contracting Agency

. C. When required by the Engineer, an application of water shall be applied immediately before bituminous application.

406.03.04 APPLICATION OF BITUMINOUS MATERIAL

A. Bituminous material shall be applied to the width of the section to be primed by means of a pressure distributor in a uniform, continuous spread.

1. When traffic is maintained, not more than 1/2 of the width of the section shall be treated in one application

. 2. Care shall be taken that the application of bituminous material at the junctions of spreads is not in excess of the specified amount

. 3. Excess bituminous material shall be squeegeed from the surface

. 4. Skipped areas or deficiencies shall be corrected.

B. When traffic is maintained, 1- way traffic shall be permitted on the untreated portion of the roadbed.
C. As soon as the bituminous material has been absorbed by the surface and will not pick up, traffic shall be transferred to the treated portion and the remaining width of the section shall be primed.

D. Application rate shall be in accordance with the vendor recommendation. The Contractor shall provide to the Engineer the Contractor’s calculations for the application rate that was applied

. E. The minimum temperature requirement for Topein S and Eprime placement is 50 degrees ( ° F) 

### and rising, or as approved by the Engineer. The temperature requirements pertainin g t o the application of other liquid asphalts and asphaltic emulsions shall conform to the requirements of the following Tab le 1:

TABLE 1 SPRAYING TEMPERATURES OF LIQUID ASPHALTS AND ASPHALTIC EMULSIONS

Grade & Type RC, MC, & SC Distributor Spraying Temperatures Minimum Maximum

° F ° F
70 120 180 255 165 220 800 200 255 3000 235 290 Grade of Asphalt Emulsion RS

- 1, CRS

- 1 75 130 RS

- 2, CRS

- 2 110 160 SS

- 1, CSS

- 1 75 130 SS

- 1h, CSS

- 1h 75 130 CMS

- 2S 100 160

### PRIME COAT 406

406 -3 406.03.05 APPLICATION OF BLOTTER MATERIAL

A. If, after the application of the prime coat, the bituminous material fails to penetrate withi n 24 hours, blotter material may be spread in the amounts required to absorb any excess bit uminous material.

B. Excess sand blotter shall be removed prior to the placement of the subsequent courses.

406.03.06 MAINTENANCE

A. All loose sand shall be completely removed from the treated areas before placing any pavement or surfacing material thereon.

B. Immediately in advance of placing asphalt concrete or asphalt concrete base

, additional prime coat shall be applied as directed by the Engineer to areas where the prime coat has been damaged, and loose or extraneous material shall be removed, and no additional compensation will be allowed therefor.

METHOD OF MEASUREMEN T

406.04.01 MEASUREMENT

A. The quantity of bituminous material to be measured for payment will be the number of square yards or the number of tons conforming to all the requirements in the completed work.
B. The quantity of sand blotter measured for payment will be the number of tons conformin g t o all the requirements in the completed work.
C. All measurements will be made in accordance with **Subsection 109.01**  **, "Measurement of Quantities."** 

BASIS OF PAYMENT

406.05.01 PAYMENT

A. The accepted quantity of materials measured as provided in **Subsection 406.04.01**  **, "Measurement**  **,"** will be paid for at the contract unit price bid per ton or square yard for bituminous material and per ton for sand blotter

. B. When sand blotter is not included in the proposal and it is needed to protect the work or public traffic, s and blotter shall be considered subsidiary to other items of work and no additional compensation will be allowed.
C. The above prices shall be full compensation for furnishing the material, mixing, loading, hauling, placing, and incidentals necessary for doing all of the work involved in placing prime coat and sand blotter as shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.
D. The Contracting Agency reserves the right to increase or to omit all or any part of the estimated amount of blotter material or bituminous material to be used and no adjustment in unit price will be allowed by reason of such increase or decrease.

E. When an item for p rime c oat does not appear in the proposals, but is shown on the plans or Standard Drawin gs, p rime c oat will be considered as incidental to the subsequent paving and compensation shall be included in the contract prices for other items of work.

F. All payments will be made in accordance with **Subsection 109.02**  **, "Scope of Payment."**
G. Payment will be made under:

### 406 PRIME COAT

406 -4 PAY ITEM PAY UNIT Liquid Asphalt Prime Coat (Type)

............................................................................. T on , Sq uare Yard Sand B lotter

................................................................................................ ................................... Ton

### 407

407-1 SECTION 407

SEAL COAT

DE SCRIPTION

407.01.01 GENERAL

A. This work shall consist of an application of bituminous material on a compacted and bonded bitu minous surface and blotter sand, if required, in accord ance with these specification s and in conformity with the lines shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.

MA TERIAL

407.02.01 BITUMINOUS MATERIAL

A. Unless otherwise specified in the Special Provisions, the type and grade of bitumi nous material sha ll be SS-1h or CSS-1h asphalt emulsion. The grade may be changed by the Engineer during construc tion.

B. The bituminous material shall meet the applicable requirements of Section 703 , "Bituminous M aterials." The bituminous material may be conditionally accepted at the

source. C. The emulsion shall be cut back by warm water. Water shall be added t o the emulsion in the quantity of 50 percen t of the emulsion by weight.

407.02.02 SAND BLOTTER Sand blotter shall meet the requirements of Subsection 705.03.06 , "Sand Blotter." The material may be accepted in stockpile at the source.

CO NSTRUCTION

407.03.01 EQUIPMENT

A. The Contractor shall provide equipment for heating and applying the bituminous material and for applying blotter material. The equipment shall meet the requirements of Subsection 405.03.01 , "Equipment."

407.03.02 WEATHER LIMITATIONS

A. Bituminous material shall not be app lied:

1. On a wet surface.

2. When the surface temperature is be low 50 degrees F.

3. When weather conditions, in the opinion of the Engineer, would prevent the proper construction of the seal coat.

407.03.03 PREPARATION OF SURFACE

A. Immediately before applying the bituminous material, the surface to be sealed shall be thoroughly cleaned of all dirt and loose material by sweeping with power brooms supplemented by hand brooms if necessary.

### 407 SEAL COAT

407-2 B. The process of cleaning shall continue until dirt and loose material are removed from the entire width of the surfacing.

407.03.04 APPLICATION OF BITUMINOUS MATERIAL

A. Bituminous material shall not be spread later in the day than will permit the stoppi ng of traffic contro l prior to dar kness.

B. Bituminous material shall be applied to only one designated traffic lane at a time and the entire width of the lane shall be covered in one o peration.
C. The bituminous material shall be uniformly applied at the rate called for on the plan s or ordered by the Engineer.

D. The temperature of the bituminous material shall conform to the applicable require ments of Subsection 406.03.04 , "Application of Bituminous Material."

E. The seal coat shall be applied in a manner to o ffer the least inconvenience to traffic and to permit 1-wa y traffic without pickup or tracking of the bituminous material.

F. When seal and screenings are to be applied to the central portion of the pavement, the shoulder seal coat shall be applied at least 4 days in advance of the application of the adjacent sur face treatment requiring screenings, and the seal coats shall be applied so that the joints between the 2 types will present a neat and uniform appearance tru e to the line shown o n the typical cross section and as established by the Engineer.

407.03.05 APPLICATION OF BLOTTER MATERIAL

A. The applicable requirements of Section 406 , "Prime Coat," shall apply to this section when sand blotter is req uired.

ME THOD OF MEASUREMENT

407.04.01 MEASUREMENT

A. The quantity of bituminous material to be measured for payment will be the number of tons or squa re yards conforming to all the require ments in the completed work.

B. All measurements will be made in accordance with Subsection 109.01 , "M easurement of Quantities."

BA SIS OF PAYMENT

407.05.01 PAYMENT

A. The accepted quantity of material measured as provided in Subsection 407.04.01 ,
" Measurement," will be paid for at the contract unit price bid per ton or square yard for bituminous material.

B. The above price shall be full compensation for furnishing the material, loading, h auling, placing, a nd incidentals necessary for doing all the work involved in placing seal co at as shown on the plans or e stablished by the Engineer.
C. The Contracting Agency reserves the right to increase or to omit all or any part o f the estimated a mount of bituminous material to be used and no adjustment in un it price shall be allowed by reason of such increase or decreas e.
D. Sand blotter will be paid for in accordance with Section 406 , "Prime Coat."

### SEAL COAT 407

407-3 A. When an item for seal coat does not appear in the proposal, but it is show n on the plans or Standard Drawings, seal coat will be considered as incidental to the subsequent paving and compensation be included in the contract prices for othe r items of work.

B. All payments will be made in accordance with Subsection 109.02 , "Scope of Payment."
C. Payment will be made under:

PAY ITEM PAY UNIT Emulsified Asphalt Seal Coat (Type)

........................................................................ Ton, Square Yard

### 408

408-1 SECTION 408

PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - CHIP SEAL

DESCRIPTION

408.01.01 GENERAL

A. This work shall consist of an application of bituminous material and cover of screenings applied on a previously compacted and bonded bituminous surface, in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.

MA TERIAL

408.02.01 BITUMINOUS MATERIAL

A. The type and grade of bituminous material will be specified in the contract. The grade may be changed by the Engineer during construction.

B. The bituminous material shall comply with Section 703 , "Bituminous Materials." The bituminous material may be conditionally accepted at the source.

408.02.02 SCREENINGS

A. Screenings shall comply with Subsection 705.03.05 , "Screenings" for the size specified. Comply with Subsection 106.04 , "Samples and Tests."

CO NSTRUCTION

408.03.01 DISTRIBUTORS

A. The distributor shall comply with Subsection 405.03.01 , "Equipment."

408.03.02 AGGREGATE SPREADER

A. The aggregate spreader shall be self-propelled and supported by at least 4 wheels equipped with pneumatic tires on 2 axles.

B. The aggregate spreader shall be equipped with positive control so that the required amount of material will be deposited uniformly over the full width of the bituminous material.

408.03.03 ROLLING AND COMPACTION

A. There shall be operating with each aggregate spreader at least 1 pneumatic-tired roller.

B. Rollers shall meet the following requirements:

1. The rollers shall be pneumatic-tired rollers and shall consist of not less than 9 wheels equipped with pneumatic tires of equal size and diameter mounted on 2 axles.

2. Axles shall be attached to a rigid frame equipped with a loading platform or body suitable for ballast loading, so that the total weight of the roller can be varied to produce an operating weight per tire of between 1,000 and 2,000 pounds.

### 408 PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - CHIP SEAL

408-2 3. The tire treads, rear tire spacing, tire inflation, an d tire size shall be approved by the Engineer.
C. Rolling with a pneumatic-tired roller shall begin immediately after the distribution of the screenings and continue until the aggregate is properly sealed in the bin der.

1. As soon as the asphalt has achieved a definite set, rolling shall be discontinue d unless other wise directe d by the Engineer.

2. Rollers shall begin at the outer edge of the treatment and pr oceed in a longitudinal direction, w orking toward the center of the road.

3. Each pass shall overlap the previous pass by about 1/2 the width of the front wheels.

4. All rollers shall be in good condition and the reversing mechanism so maintained that the roller is capable of changing directions smoothly.

408.03.04 WEATHER LIMITATIONS

A. Bituminous material shall not be spr ead when:

1. Weather conditions are unsuitable.

2. The atmospheric temperature is below 65 degrees F.

3. The pavement temperature is below 80 degrees F.

408.03.05 MAINTAINING TRAFFIC

A. Where public traffic is being routed over a surface upon which a surface treatment is to be applied, the surface treatment shall not be applied to more than 1/2 the width of the traveled way at a time, and the remaining half-width shall be kept free of obstructio ns and open for use by public traffic at all times until the surface treatment first applied is ready for use by traffic.

B. Traffic will not be allowed on the newly placed bituminous material and screenings until, in the opinion of the Engineer, the screenings and bituminous material have sufficiently set and bonded to prevent displacement by such traffic.
C. When the newly completed surface treatment is open to traffic, the traffic shall be controlled by use of flagmen and a pilot car for a period of 6 hours or for such time as deemed necessary by the Engineer as follows:

1. A flagman shall be stationed at the beginning of each newly completed section open to traffic, to stop oncoming traffic preparatory to piloting operations, a nd shall be kept on duty during the e ntire control period.

2. Traffic control as described above shall be moved ahead progressively as the newly completed surface is op en to traffic.

408.03.06 PREPARATION OF SURFACE

A. Immediately before applying the bituminous material, the surface to be treated sh all be thoroughly cleaned of all dirt an d loose material by sweeping with power brooms, supplemented by hand brooms if necessary.

B. The process of cleaning shall continue until the surfacing is exposed and all dirt and loose material is r emoved from the entire width of surf acing.

### PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - CHIP SEAL 408

408-3 408.0 3.07 APPLICATION OF BITUMINOUS MATERIAL

A. Bituminous material shall be applied by means of a pressure distributor in a uniform, continuous spread over the section to be treated

. 1. The temperature of the bituminous material shall conform to Subsection 406.03.04 , "Application of Bituminous Material."

2. The quantity of bituminous material to be used per square yard shall be as directed.

3. If the texture of the surface is such that bituminous material penetrates too rapidly, a preliminary application of from 0.05 to 0.10 gallon per square yard of surface ma y be required.

4. A strip of building paper at least 3 feet in width and with a length equal to that of the spray bar of the distribut or plus 1 foot shall be used at the beginning of each spread.

5. If the cutoff is not positive, the use of paper may be required at the end of each spread.

6. The paper shall be removed and disposed of in a satisfactory manner.
B. The distributor shall be moving forward at proper application speed at the time the s pray bar is opene d.

1. Any skipped areas or deficiencies sh all be corrected.

2. Junctions of spread shall be carefully made to ensure a smooth riding su rface.
C. The length of spread of bituminous material shall not be in excess of that which tr ucks loaded with screenings can immediately cover.

D. The spread of bituminous material shall not be more than 6 inches wid er than the width covered by the screenings from t he spreading device. Under no circumstances shall operations proceed in such manner that bituminous material will be allowed to chill, set up, dry, or otherwise impair retention of the scre enings.

E. The distributor, when not spreading, shall be parked so that the spray bar or mecha nism will not drip bituminous materials on the surface of the traveled way.

408.03.08 APPLICATION OF SCREENINGS

A. Immediately following the application of the bituminous material, screenings sh all be spread at th e required rate per squa re yard.

B. To avoid building a longitudinal joint when spreading screenings on the first width of bituminous material, no screenings shall be applied within 6 inches of th e edge adjacent to the next application of bituminous material.
C. To eliminate dust film, screenings shall be moistened with water before applied. In spreading the screenings, the equipment used shall be so operated that the fresh bituminous material will be covered before equipm ent wheels come upon it.

D. Asphaltic emulsion applied to the road surface shall be covered with screenings before setting or br eaking occu rs.
1. After the screenings ha ve been spread upon the bituminous material, any piles, ridges, or u neven distribution shall be carefully removed with flat bottom shovels, or other approved method s, to ensure against permanent ridges or bumps in the completed surface.

### 408 PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - CHIP SEAL

408-4 2. Additional screenings shall be spread by hand in whatever quantities required to prevent picking up by the rollers or t r affic.

E. After the application of the screenings, the surface, where specified, shall be lightly broomed or otherwise maintained as directed for a period of 4 days or as directed.

1. Maintenance of the surface shall include the distribution of screenin gs over the surface to absorb any free bitumi nous material and cover any area deficient in screenings.

2. The maintenance shall be conducted so as not to displa ce embedded material. Excess material shall b e swept off and removed at the time determined by the Engineer.

ME THOD OF MEASUREMENT

408.04.01 MEASUREMENT

A. The quantity of bituminous material to be measured for payment will be the number of tons or the number of square yards conforming to all the requirements in the completed work.

B. The quantity of screenings measured for payment will be the number of tons or square yards conforming to all t he requirements in the completed work.
C. All measurements will be made in accordance with Subsection 109.01 , "M easurement of Quantities."

BA SIS OF PAYMENT

408.05.01 PAYMENT

A. The accepted quantity of materials measured as provided in Subsection 408.04.01 ,
" Measurement," will be paid for at the contract unit price bid per ton or square yard for bituminous material and per ton or square yard for screening s.
B. The above prices shall be full compensation for furnishing the material, mixing, loading, hauling, placing, rolling, sweeping, and incidentals necessary for doing all the work involved in placing bituminous material and screenings, as shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.
C. The Contracting Agency reserves the right to increase or to omit all or any part o f the estimated amount of screening or b ituminous material to be used, and no adjustment in unit price shall be allowed for such increase or de crease.
D. Flagmen and pilot cars will be paid for in accordance with Section 624 , "Accommodations for Public Traffic."

E. All payments will be made in accordance with Subsection 109.02 , "Scope of Payment."

F. Payment will be made under:

PAY ITEM PAY UNIT Emulsified Asphalt (T ype).............................................................................................Ton, Squa re Yard Screenings....................................................................................................................T on, Square Yard

### 412

412-1 SECTION 412

PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING

DE SCRIPTION

412.01.01 GENERAL
A. This work shall consist of the application of a mixture of mineral aggregate, emul sified asphalt, water, and additives on a p reviously compacted and bonded bituminous surface, in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines shown on the plans or established by the Engineer.

MA TERIALS

412.02.01 ASPHALT EMULSION
A. The asphalt emulsion sh all be LMCQS-1h.
B. Each shipment of emulsified asphalt shall be accompanied with a certificate of analysis/ compliance from the ma nufacturer.
C. When the daily high ambient temperature is below 80 degrees F, th e Contractor shall chemically modify the e mulsion to accelerate the break and set times.
D. The emulsion modifier shall be adjusted at the emulsion manufacturer’s facility.
E. The asphalt emulsion shall comply with Section 703 , "Bituminous Materials."

412.02.02 POLYMER MODIFIERS
A. The polymer modifier shall be either a solid synthetic rubber or latex material.
B. The polymer modifier shall be combined with the emulsion by co-milling with the manufacture of the asphalt emulsion at a minimum rate of 3 percent polymer solids by weight of the base asphalt in the emulsion prior to loading at the emulsio n plant.
C. If the contract includes quantities for conventional slurry seal, the polymer modified emulsion shall be compatible with the mix design developed for the conventional slur ry seal.

412.02.03 COMMERCIAL MINERAL FILLER
A. The mineral filler shall be considered a part of the mineral aggregate and shall comply with Section 705 , “Aggregates for Bituminous Courses.”
B. The quantity of filler shall be determined by the job mix design. Filler shall be us ed for one or more of the follo wing reasons only:

1. To improve the gradation of the aggr egate.
2. To provide improved stability and workability of t he slurry.
3. To increase the durabilit y of the cured slurry.

412.02.04 CARBON BLACK
A. If specified, carbon black shall be added to t he slurry seal mixture at a minimum 2 percent to maximum 3 percent based on the weight of the emulsion.
B. The product shall be MonoChem perma-black 115A, 2847A, or equal as approved by the Engineer:

### 412 PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING

412-2 Specificatio ns Toleranc es Total Solids 40-44 Percent Black by Weig ht 35-37 Type Black Medium furnac e color



### 412.02.05 SET CONTROL ADDITIVE

A. The set control additive shall be aluminum sulfate, or Portland Type I/II cement, or other approved additive previously include d in the mix design.

B. The quantity of set control additive shall be field adjusted to provide the specified mi x properties.

412.02.06 WATER

A. Water for the slurry mixture shall conform to Section 722 , "Water," and be clear, potable, free from harmful soluble salts, and compatible with the slurry mi xture.

412.02.07 MINERAL AGGREGATE

A. The mineral aggregate shall conform to the specified contract gradations for ISSA Type I, Type II, or Type II I.

B. Mineral aggregate shall be 100 percent manufactured crushed stone that is free from dirt, organic matter, clay balls, adherent films of clay, dust, or other objectiona ble matter.
C. The parent rock used in the manufacturing shall have a normal size greater than 1/2 inch and shall comply with Section 705 , “Aggregates for Bituminous Courses.”

D. Aggregate sources may be required to be evaluated for use based u pon petrographic examination in accordance with ASTM C295. Such tests shall be at no additional cost to the Contracting Agency.

C O NSTRUCTION

412.03.01 SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING MIXTURES

A. Slurry Seal Mixtures:

1. The slurry seal shall consist of a mixture of emulsified asp halt; mineral aggregate; mineral filler and carbon black, if required; set control additiv e; and water.

2. The mixture shall conform to ISSA Type I, Type I I, and Type III gradations.

3. The mix shall be in accordance with this section and in accordance with Section 703 , ”Bitumi nous Materials,” Section 705 , ”Aggregates for Bituminous Courses,” and Section 722 , “Water.”

4. The mixture shall be proportioned, mixed, and spread evenly on a prepared surface in accordance with these specifications or as dir ected by the Engineer.

5. The completed slurry seal shall leave a homogeneous mat, adhere firmly to the prepared surface, and have a friction-resistant surface texture throughout its service life

. B. Microsurfacing Mixtures:

1. Mixtures shall be capable of being spread in varying cross sections (we dges, wheel path depressions, leveling courses, and surfaces) which, after curing and initial

### PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING 412

412-3 traffic conso lidation, resist compaction throughout the entire design tolerance range of bitumen content and the various thicknesses encountered.

2. The blended mixture shall have proper workability during lay-down and shall permit traffic loading within 1 hour after placement, without the occurrence of bleeding, raveling, se paration, or other distresses.
C. Prior to the start of work, the Contractor shall place 2 test sections of at least 1,500 square yards each, for each mix to be used, in an area designated by the Engineer.

1. The test section shall be placed using the same equipment, methods, and mixes as scheduled for use on th e Contract.

2. At these test sections, the Contractor shall also satisfac torily demonstrate the equipment and procedure intended for the removal of oil deposits from the pavement s urface.

3. The test sections will be evaluated for a minimum of 3 days after plac ement under traffic and n ormal usage.

4. If a test section proves to be unsatisfactory, the necessary adjustments to the mi x design, equipment, and placement methods shall be made.

5. Additional test sections , as required, shall be constructed and evaluated for conformance to the spe cificat ions.

6. The 2 initial test sections, if acceptable, will be paid for at the contract unit price.

D. When the test sections do not conform to the specification requirements, the slurry seal shall be removed at no additional cost to the Contracting Age ncy.
1. No compensation will be made for reapplication or additional test sections required due to unsat isfactory work or material.

2. Initiation of work on t he project streets shall not begin without the Engineer’s approval of test sect ions.

E. The equipment, tools, and machines needed in the performance of the work shall be provided by the Contractor, shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer, and shall be maintained in a satisfactory working condition at all times.

F. Job Mix De sign:

1. No slurry or microsurfacing mixture shall be placed until mix design(s) submitted by the Contractor have been approved by the Engineer.

2. Sources of all materials shall be selected prior to the time when the mix design is prepared and the materials are required to be used in the work.

3. The exact proportions used in the preparation of the slurry seal or microsurfacing shall be determined by a testing laboratory, experienced in slurry seal and microsurfacing mix design procedures, and approved by the Engineer.

4. Mix design preparation shall conform to Section 703 , “Bituminous Materials,” and shall be at n o additional cost to the Contracting Agency.

5. The approved mixture shall be homogenous and sufficiently stable during the entire mixing and spreading p eriod so that :

a. The emulsion does not br eak prematurely.
b. There is no segregation of the fines from the coarser aggreg ate.

### 412 PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING

412-4 c. The liquid portion of the mix does not float to the surface.

6. The amount and type of asphalt emulsion to be blended with aggregate shall be determined by the laboratory mi x design.

7. The set control additive shall be introduced into the slurry mix by a n approved method that will ensure uniform distribution and proper control. The exact amount shall be det ermined by conditions in the field and indicated in the mix de sign.

8. A minimum amount of water, added as specified by the Engineer, shall be used as necessary t o obtain a workable and homogeneous mixture.

9. The slurry mixture shall show no signs of uncoated aggregate or premature breaking of emulsion when applied to the pavement surface.
G. Sampling and Testing:

1. Suitably sized samples of aggregate, bituminous material, and mineral filler shall be submitted, when required by the Engineer, for approval not less than 10 days before the work starts. All samples of materials shall be supplied by the Contractor at no additional cost to the Contracting A gency.
2. All tests deemed necessary by the Cont racting Agency to determine conformance with requirements specified shall be performed without cost to the Contractor.

3. Additional samples of materials shall be furnished as directed by t he Engineer during progress of the w ork.

4. The aggregate manufacturer shall produce and stockpile each specified gradation of aggregate in 500-ton lots. The first lot of material shall be sampled and tested by the Engineer

. 5. Certification of Lot 1 shall be based u pon the averaged test values from 5 samples.

a. The approved gradation of Lot 1 shall be the “job target gradation.”
b. The stockpile tolerance identified in Section 705 , “Aggregates for Bituminous Courses,” shall be app lied to this gr adation.

6. Each successive lot of 500 tons shall be sampled and tested once.

a. When the “job target gradation” has been tested and accepted, the Cont ractor shall continu ously manuf acture the aggregate until the total estimated quantity is produced, tested, and accepted.
b. The Contractor shall not receive compensation for unused ag gregate.

c. The approved lots of aggregate shall be stockpiled in a secured area, protected fr om contamination, and reserved for use on this contract.

7. If it is established that a satisfactory mixture meeting the requirements specified herein cannot be produced from the materials furnished, the materials shall be rejected and the Contractor shall subm it new samples.

412.03.02 PREPARATION OF SURFACE

A. At least two weeks prior to cleaning and slurry sealing the streets, an applicat ion of Pramitol 25E herbicide as distributed by Universal Cooperatives, Inc., Minneapolis, MN 55440, or a n equal product as approved by the Engineer, shall be applied to all veg etation within the limits of curb flow line to curb flow line

.

### PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING 412

412-5 1. At the direction of the Engineer, multiple applications of herbicide may be required to ensure complete kill of vegetation.

2. No additional compensation will be made for multiple applications of her bicide.
3. Extreme care shall be used when placing the herbicide to ensure that it is not allowed to g o beyond the intended limits.

4. The Contractor shall be responsible for licenses required and for damage to an y plant or animal caused by the Contractor’s oper ations.
B. Immediately prior to applying the slurry seal, the existing pavement surface shall be cleaned of all silt deposits, oil spots, vegetation, and all loose or objectio nable material.
C. At the direction of the Engineer, if the pavement cracks have not been previously sealed, the loose m aterial in cracks shall be removed as follows:

1. Compressed Air: 90 psi at the nozzle immediately before sweeping or vacuuming operations.

2. Pressurized Water: Not greater than 1,000 psi at the nozzle prior to sweeping or vacuuming operations. The cracks may be damp but shall not have freestanding water in the crack.
3. All surface debris from the crack cleaning process shall be thoroughly cleaned prio r to placement of slurry se al. Payment for crack cleaning shall be by force account.

4. In urban areas, the surface shall be cleaned with a self-propelled pick- up sweeper. In rural area s, power brooms ma y be used.

5. Water flushing will be permitted by approval of the Engineer when normal sweeping will not adequately remove debris from the surface. If water flushing is approved, the pavement shall be dry before the slurry seal is applied

. D. Areas impregnated with grease, oil, or fuel shall be cleaned by grinding.

1. Traffic paint not tightly bonded to the surface and any thermoplastic markings sh all also be removed.

2. The grinding machine used to remove the existing bituminous surface, paint, and pavement markings sh all meet the following requirements:

a. Be a hydrostatically powered mandrel type device.
b. The mandrel shall be studded with a minimum of 72 cutter bits to provide a pavement texture acceptable to the Engineer.

c. Bits shall have tungsten carbide tips in forged steel holders and be conical in shape.
d. The mandrel device shall have a minimum cutting width of 24 inches and a variable cutting depth of zero to 4 inches.
3. Areas inaccessible to the grinder shall be treated and prepared with an alternate method approved by the Engineer.

4. The debris produced by the grinding machine or other method shall be immediatel y removed fro m the pavement surface and disposed of at an acceptable location.

5. The Contractor shall protect existing facilities (i.e., concrete, valve boxes, manholes, and so forth )

. 6. Damaged facilities shall be replaced at the direction of the Enginee r and at no additional cost to the Contracting A gency.

### 412 PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING

412-6 E. The Engineer shall give final approval that the surface has been properly prepared prior to the application of the slurry. This approval shall not relieve the Contractor from responsibilit y as outline d above.

F. Prior to application of the slurry or microsurfacing, manholes, valve boxes, drop inlets, and other service entrances shall be protected by covering with paper, plastic, or other suitable mat erial approved by the Engineer. The paper shall be held in place with spray glue or tape and removed within 24 hours after slurry seal has cured.
G. Raised pavement markers not scheduled for reinstallation sh all be covered, washed off, or protected fr om the slurry by a meth od approved by the Engineer.

412.03.03 MIXING UNIT

A. The slurry seal or microsurfacing shall be mixed and applied with a machine design ed and manufactured to lay the mixture.

B. Self-loading mixing units shall not be used on roadway right-of-way widths of 60 feet or less.
C. The mixing machine shall meet the following re quirements:

1. A continuous flow mixing unit, autom atically sequenced.

2. Capable of delivering accurately predetermined proportions of aggregate, water, and asphalt emulsion to a revolving multi-blade, double-shafted, spiraled mixer tank.

3. Capable of discharging the thoroughly mixed product on a continuous b asis.

4. Equipped with a hydraulically controlled steel pugmill gate for posit ive discharge operations. Discharge from the pugmill shall be controlled by a chute or other suitable mechanical d evice.

5. Equipped with a metering system to accurately meter all liquids by volume by the use of flow meters reading gallons per minute . The flow of the liquids shall be consiste nt and precise and feed into the pugmill in the proportions outlined in the mix design.

6. Equipped with a temperature-indicating device installed in the emulsion tank at the emulsion pump suction line level.

7. Capable of thoroughly blending all ingredients to gether without violent action.

8. Equipped with an approved fines feeder that provides an accurate metering device or method of introducing a predetermined proportion of mineral filler in to the mixer as the aggregate is fed in. The fines feeder shall be used when mineral filler is part of the aggre gate blend.

9. Equipped with a water pressure system and fog type spray b ar.
10. Capable of mixing materials at preset proportions regardless of th e speed of machine and without ch anging machine setting s.
D. Each mixing unit to be used in performance of the work shall be calibrated prior to construction

. 1. Previous calibration documentation covering the exact materials to be used may be accepted provided they were made during the current calen dar year.

2. The documentation shall include an individual calibration for each type of material to be used on t he project.

### PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING 412

412-7 E. The Contractor shall ensure that all equipment used to transport materials and mixing units on public roadways comply with Nevada Revised Statutes Sections 484.764 through 484.771. If special use permits are required, the Contractor shall prov ide the Engineer with copies.

F. Slurry Seal Spreader Box:

1. The slurry seal shall be spread with a box specifically designed to place slurry seal.

2. The mixture shall be spread uniformly by me ans of a conventional slurry seal surfacing spreader box attached to t he mixer.

3. Front, rear, and side seals shall be provided to ensure no loss of the mixture at the pavement contact point. The rear seal shall be provided to act as a final strike-off and shall be adjustable.

4. The spreader box and rear strike-off shall be so designed and operated that a uniform consistency is achieved to produce a free flow of material to the rear strike-of f.

5. Augers within the box may be required due the consistency of the material and the pavement slope. The spreader box shall have suitable means provided to side shift the box to compensate for variations in the pavement geome try.
6. A burlap drag or other approved material shall be attached to the rear of the spreade r bo x to provide a uniform, highly textured mat. If used, the burlap drag shall be clean, flexible, and not leave drag or scour marks in the finished slurry seal surfac e.
7. The spreader box shall be kept clean and buildup of asphalt and aggregate on the box shall no t be permitted.
G. Microsurfa cing Spreader Box:

1. The microsurfacing shall be placed with a spreader box specifically designed to place microsurfacing. Conventional slurry seal boxes will not be allowed to spread microsurfacing.

2. Attached to the mixer machine shall be a mechanical spreader box capable of placing the microsurfacing at a minimum width of 12 feet and preventing the loss of microsurfacing materials from the box.

3

. The spreader box shall have baffles, reversible hydraulic motor driven augers, or paddles to ensure uniform application on superelevated sections and shoulder slopes.

4. The mixture shall be agitated and spread uniformly within the spreader box by means of twin shafted paddles or spir al augers fixed within the spreader box.

5. Spreader box skids shall be a minimum of 6 feet in length and maintained in such a manner as to prevent chatter (washboarding of the surface) in the finished mat.
6. The spreader box shall have suitable means provided to side shift the box to compensate for variations in the pavement geometry.

7. The spreader box shall have a series of st rike-off devices at the rear of t he box:

a. The leading strike-off device shall meet the follo wing requirements: 1) Fabricated of steel, stiff rubber, or other suitable material. 2) Designed to maintain close contact with the pavement during spreading operations. 3) Shall obtain the uniform thickness re quired.

### 412 PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING

412-8 4) Shall be capable of being adjuste d to the various pavement cross sections for the application of a uniform microsurfacing finishe d surface.
b. The final strike-off device shall meet the followin g requirements: 1) Fabricated of flexible material suitable for the inte nded use. 2) Shall be designed and operated to ensure that a uniform texture is achieved in the finished surface of th e microsurfacing. 3) Shall have the same type of adjustments as the spreader bo x.
8. The final strike-off shall be cleaned daily and changed if pro blems with longitudinal drag marks or scouring occur.
9. The spreader box shall be kept clean and buildup of asphalt and aggregate on the box shall no t be permitted.

H. Rut Filling Box:

1. When required in the specifications, before the final surface course is placed with the spreader box, preliminary microsurfacing may be required to fill ruts, utility cuts, depressions in the existing surface, and so forth.

2. Ruts of 1/2 inch or greater in depth shall be filled independently with a rut-fill ing spreader bo x, either 5 feet or 6 feet in width.

3. For irregular or shallow rutting of less than 1/2 inch in depth, a full-width scratchcoat pass may be used as directed by the Engineer.

4. Ruts that are in excess of 1-1/2 inches in depth may requi re multiple placements with the rut-filling spread er box to restore the cross-section.

5. All rut-filling level-up material shall cure under traffic for at least a 24-hour period before additional material is placed o n top of the level-up course.

6. The spreader box shall be kept clean and buildup of asphalt and aggregate on the box shall no t be permitted.

412.03.04 MIX PREPARATION

A. The Contractor shall ensure that all oversized aggregate particles and other objectio nable matter is removed fro m the mineral aggregate utilized in the slurry mix.

B. At the direction of the Engineer, the aggregate shall be screened prior to loading in to the mixing unit.

1. Type I and II gradations shall be scr eened through a 3/8-inch screen.

2. Type III gradation shall be screened through a 1/2-inch scre en.
3. With the approval of the Engineer, temporary use of screens attached to the distributor b ox will be permitted.
C. The aggregate shall be moistened immediately prior to mixing with the emulsion.

412.03.05 WATER FOG

A. Immediately prior to application of the slurry seal, the surface of the pavement a nd all crack fa ces shall be moistened with a fog spray of water, applied at the rate of 0 .02 to 0.05 gallon per square yard from the spray bar on the slurry seal machin e.

### PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING 412

412-9 B. No free water shall be on the surface of the pavement following the fog spray.
C. Rate of application of the fog spray shall be adjusted during the day to suit pavement temperatures, surface texture, humidity, and dryness of pavement surface.

412.03.06 APPLICATION

A. Sufficient quantities of the slurry seal or microsurfacing mixture shall be fed into the spreader box so that uniform and complete coverage of the pavement is obtained.

B. The mixing machine shall be operated at such a speed that the mixture in the spreader box shall not exceed a total mixing time of 4 minutes and the volume shall remain essentially constant.
C. The slurry seal shall be placed in accordance with the following:

Aggregate Application Rate (pounds per square yard) Type I 8-12 Type II 12-20 Type III 18-30



### D. The application rate shall be adjusted for the surface texture of the pavement to ensure effective embedment of the aggregate and the durability of the surface treatment.

E. The Contractor shall submit the following signed, written reports to the Engineer each working day:

1. A report indicating the amount of aggregate and emulsion delivered, aggregate and emulsion used on the project, and the amount of area in square yards completed.

2. A report indicating the percentage of emulsion used to aggregate used and the application rate in pounds of aggregate applied per square yard of area covered. This report will verify compliance with the mixture of materials to the mix design and the specified aggregate application rate.

F. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer from the aggregate and emulsion suppliers an original copy of the bill of lading daily for each delivery of material to be used on the project. The Contractor shall submit with each emulsion bill of lading a certificate of compliance from the emulsion supplier verifying that each delivery of emulsion is in compliance with the contract requirements.
G. If uniform thickness cannot be met with one application due to irregularities in pavement surface, multiple applications shall be made.

1. Where multiple applications are required, as determined by the Engineer, each application shall be thoroughly cured before another application is placed.

2. Any additional applications will be paid at the unit price bid.

H. No streaks caused by oversized aggregate particles or buildup of slurry mix on squeegees shall be left in the finished surface.

412.03.07 JOINTS

A. The longitudinal joint between adjacent lanes shall have no visible lap, pinholes, or uncovered areas.

### 412 PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING

412-10 B. Thick spot s caused by overlapping shall be smoothed immediately with hand squeegees before the emulsion breaks.
C. Overlaps that occur at transverse joints shall also be smoothed before the emulsion breaks, to obtain a uniform surface with no discontinuities.

412.03.08 PRODUCTION

A. The Contractor shall average a minimum of 20,000 square yards of material, in place, per working day for work within the public right-of-way.

B. At the direction of the Engineer, parking lot applications, heavy application rates, and areas not feasible to close entirely are excluded from the required production rate.

412.03.09 LINES

A. Care shall be taken to ensure straight lines along curbs and shoulders.

B. No runoff on these areas will be permitted.
C. Lines at intersections shall be kept straight to provide a good appearance.

412.03.10 HANDWORK

A. Approved hand squeegees, with burlap drags, shall be used to spread slurry in areas not accessible to the slurry spreader box.

B. Care shall be exercised in leaving no unsightly appearance from handwork.

412.03.11 CURING

A. Areas receiving slurry seal will be allowed to cure from 4 to 24 hours or until the treated pavement will not be damaged by traffic.

B. Areas receiving microsurfacing shall be sufficiently cured to be open to traffic within 1 hour.
C. The Contractor shall protect the area for the full curing period with suitable barricades or markers.

D. Areas that are damaged within 24 hours of application of slurry or prior to moving to new work locations shall be repaired by the Contractor at no additional cost to the Contracting Agency.

412.03.12 ROLLING

A. Slurry seal placed on parking lots, alleys, or low traffic volume areas as determined by the Engineer shall be compacted with a smooth pneumatic tire roller with a minimum weight of 4 tons.
B. The roller shall be equipped with a water tank and a sprinkler apparatus which shall be used to keep the wheels damp and to prevent the adherence of slurry seal on the wheels during the rolling process.
C. Steel wheel rollers may be used in a supplementary capacity when approved by the Engineer.

D. Rolling shall start when the slurry seal/micro surfacing has set sufficiently to prevent any pickup of material and rolled a minimum of 3 coverages by the roller or until a uniform surface is obtained.

### PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING 412

412-11 412.03.13 WEATHER LIMITATIONS

A. Slurry seal or microsurfacing shall be applied only when the atmospheric temperature is 65 degrees F and rising and when the temperature is not expected to fall below 60 degrees F during working hours.

B. Application of slurry seal or microsurfacing when the atmospheric temperatures are expected to exceed 105 degrees F will not be allowed.
C. The maximum and minimum temperatures may be adjusted by the Engineer.

D. High relative humidity or overcast conditions causing prolonged cure times or undesirable color shall be cause for stopping the work.

412.03.14 MAINTAINING TRAFFIC

A. The seal coat shall be applied to alternating streets to provide sufficient public parking for those residents living on streets that have been closed.

1. Traffic will not be allowed on the newly placed bituminous material until, in the opinion of the Engineer, the bituminous material has sufficiently set and bonded to prevent damage by vehicular traffic.

2. Areas that are subject to an increased rate of sharp turning vehicles may require additional time to allow for a more complete cure of the slurry seal mat to prevent damage.

3. Street closures shall be opened as soon as the material has sufficiently set and bonded.

B. The Contractor shall cooperate with and give written notice to all emergency agencies, public entities, each home, homeowners' association, business, and school that will be affected by any part of the construction process, particularly concerning temporary interruptions to vehicular access. To accomplish the notification process, the Contractor shall provide a minimum of 2 notifications:

1. The first written notice of the approximate schedule and explanation of the work process shall be distributed at least 7 days prior to the commencement of work in the area.

2. A second written notice shall be distributed at least 24 hours prior to construction to remind all affected parties of the construction to take place.
C. The Contractor shall employ a qualified traffic control supervisor to be on-site locally at all times when traffic control devices are being used or when notifications have been sent out.

412.03.15 TRAFFIC MARKINGS

A. Prior to removal of street closure barricading, all raised pavement markers shall be exposed.

B. Temporary reflective polyurethane plastic marker tabs shall be installed prior to the application of slurry seal on streets where permanent markings are scheduled for replacement.
C. Temporary traffic markings shall comply with Section 6, “Temporary Traffic Control," of the MUTCD.

412.03.16 STORAGE OF EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

A. Materials shall be stored in an area to prevent water saturation and contamination of stockpiled aggregates.

### 412 PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING

412-12 B. Written auth orization to use private property to store equipment and materials shall be obtained from the property owner and submi tted prior to mobilization and use. The Contractor shall also submit a letter of indemnification to the Contracting Agency and the property owner.

412.03.17 CLEANUP

A. All material swept or blown onto the sidewalks, all trash, all discarded slurry seal material, and other refuse shall be collected on a daily basis, removed from the site, and disposed of to a site approved by the Engineer.

B. All applied slurry seal/microsurfacing surfac es shall be swept by the Contractor with an approved sweeper to remove any excess raveled material that becomes dislodged from the street surface after 5 days.

1. Dislodged material from the street shall be disposed of to a site approved by the Engineer.

2. Sweeping required beyond the initial 5-day cure due to normal raveling shall be paid for under the appropriate bid item for sweeping.

412.03.18 CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSIBILITY TO THE PUBLIC

A. The Contractor shall be responsible for answering and resolving any conflicts that may arise between a homeowner or business owner and the Contractor during the construction process.

ME THOD OF MEASUREMENT

412.04.01 MEASUREMENT

A. The quantity of slurry seal or microsurfa cing measured for payment will be the number of square yards of Type I, Type II, or Type III material applied and conforming to all the requirements of the completed work.

B. Surface preparation prior to the application of slurry seal or microsurfacing shall be the number of hours spent performing grinding operations.
C. Ravel sweeping, including disposal of excess material, shall be based on the number of hours spent sweeping at the direction of the Engineer.

D. All measurements will be made in accordance with Subsection 109.01 , "Measurement of Quantities."

BA SIS OF PAYMENT

412.05.01 PAYMENT

A. Payment at the unit price bid for the accepted quantity of slurry seal or microsurfacing measured as provided in Subsection 412.04.01 , “Measurement,” shall be full compensation for developing the mix design, furnishing the material, mixing, hauling, loading, placing, rolling, and any incidentals for doing all the work involved in placing the material.

B. Payment at the unit prices bid for surface preparation and ravel sweeping shall be full compensation for all work involved to complete the items.

### PAVEMENT SURFACE TREATMENTS - SLURRY SEAL/MICROSURFACING 412

412-13 C. Payment at the unit pr ice bid for the addition of carbon black to the slurry seal or microsurfacing mixture shall be full compensation for all work involved in its use.

D. All payments will be made in accordance with Subsection 109.02 , “Scope of Payment.”

E. Payment will be made under:

PAY ITEM PAY UNIT Application of Polymer Modified Type I, II, or III Slurry Seal ............................................Squar e Yard Application of Type III Mi crosurfacing ...............................................................................Square Yar d Surface Gr inding............................................................................................................... ............ Hour Ravel Sw eeping................................................................................................................. ........... Hour Carbon Black Additi ve (optional) ............................................................................................... .Gallon

# E

- 4

. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS FOR SPECIFIED ASPHALT AND EMULSION PRODUCTS

# SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. Identification

Product identifier CSS-1H Other means of identification Not available. Recommended use Not available. Recommended restrictions None known. Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer
Manufacturer: Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions, Inc. Address: P. O. Box 1639 Jackson, MS 39215-1639 Website: www.ergonasphalt.com Telephone: 1-800-222-7122 (Customer Service) E-mail: sds@ergon.com 24 hour Emergency (CHEMTREC): North America 1-800-424-9300; International 1-703-527-3887



### 2. Hazard(s) identification

Not classified. Physical hazards
Not classified. Health hazards
Not classified. Environmental hazards
Not classified. OSHA defined hazards

Label elements
None. Ha zard symbol Signal word None.
Hazard statement The mixture does not meet the criteria for classification. Prevention Observe good industrial hygiene practices. Response Wash hands after handling. Storage Store away from incompatible materials. Disposal Dispose of waste and residues in accordance with local authority requirements. Hazard(s) not otherwise classified (HNOC) None known.

Supplemental information Vapors containing hydrogen sulfide may accumulate during storage or transport. HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H2S) can be harmful or fatal if inhaled. 

### 3. Composition/information on ingredients

Mixtures
CAS num ber % Chemical name Common name and synonyms
8052-42-4 ASPHALT 50 - 70
7732-18-5 WATER 30 - < 40
7647-01-0 HYDROCHLORIC ACID < 2 Composition comments Components not listed are either non-hazardous or below the required disclosure threshold.


### 4. First-aid measures

Inhalation If breathing is difficult, remove to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Call a physician if symptoms develop or persist. Skin contact If clothing sticks to the skin, do not remove. Lotion or hand cream may aid in the removal of asphalt. Wash contact areas with soap and water. If needed, seek medical attention. Eye contact Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Get medical attention if irritation develops and persists. Ingestion Rinse mouth. DO NOT induce vomiting. Get medical attention immediately. If ingestion of a large amount does occur, call a poison control center immediately.

1 / 7 M a t e rial name: CSS-1H 5120 Version #: 02 Revision date: 04-06-2015 Issue date: 04-06-2015 SDS USMost important

symptoms/effects, acute and delayed Direct contact with eyes may cause temporary irritation.

Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed Treat symptomatically.

General information Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. 

### 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Foam. Dry chemical powder. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Unsuitable extinguishing media Water. Do not use water jet as an extinguisher, as this will spread the fire.

Specific hazards arising from the chemical During fire, gases hazardous to health may be formed.

Special protective equipment and precautions for firefighters Firefighters must use standard protective equipment including flame retardant coat, helmet with face shield, gloves, rubber boots, and in enclosed spaces, SCBA. Structural firefighters protective clothing will only provide limited protection. Fire-fighting equipment/instructions ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in flame. Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Move containers from fire area if you can do so without risk. In the event of fire, cool tanks with water spray. Specific methods In the event of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes. In the event of fire, cool tanks with water spray. General fire hazards No unusual fire or explosion hazards noted.


### 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep people away from and upwind of spill/leak. Keep out of low areas. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up This product is miscible in water.

Large Spills: Stop the flow of material, if this is without risk. Dike the spilled material, where this is possible. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb in vermiculite, dry sand or earth and place into containers. Prevent entry into waterways, sewer, basements or confined areas.

Small Spills: Wipe up with absorbent material (e.g. cloth, fleece). Clean surface thoroughly to remove residual contamination.

Never return spills to original containers for re-use. For waste disposal, see section 13 of the SDS. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Ventilate area and avoid breathing vapors or mist. For large spills, dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Do not release into sewers or waterways. Environmental precautions Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground. 

### 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Avoid prolonged exposure. Use only in well-ventilated areas. Hydrogen sulfide, a very highly toxic gas, may be present with this material. Keep face clear of tank and/or tank car openings. Good personal hygiene is necessary. Wash hands and contaminated areas with water and soap before leaving the work site. Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities Prevent electrostatic charge build-up by using common bonding and grounding techniques. Store in original tightly closed container. Store in a well-ventilated place. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS). Do not allow material to freeze. 

### 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants (29 CFR 1910.1000) Value Components Type
Ceiling 7 mg/m3 HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) 5 ppm
US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Value Components Form Type

TWA 0.5 mg/m3 Inhalable fraction. ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4)

2 / 7 M a t e rial name: CSS-1H 5120 Version #: 02 Revision date: 04-06-2015 Issue date: 04-06-2015 SDS USUS. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Value

Components Form Type
Ceiling 2 ppm HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0)
US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Value Components Form Type
Ceiling 5 mg/m3 Fume. ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) Ceiling 7 mg/m3 HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) 5 ppm Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s). Appropriate engineering controls Provide adequate ventilation, including appropriate local extraction, to ensure that the defined occupational exposure limit is not exceeded. Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Wear safety glasses; chemical goggles (if splashing is possible). Hand protection Chemical resistant gloves are recommended. If contact with forearms is likely wear gauntlet style gloves. Other Wear appropriate clothing to prevent any possibility of liquid contact and repeated or prolonged vapor contact. Plastic or rubber gloves, apron and boots. Respiratory protection When workers are facing concentrations above the exposure limit they must use appropriate certified respirators.

Thermal hazards Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing, when necessary. General hygiene considerations Always observe good personal hygiene measures, such as washing after handling the material and before eating, drinking, and/or smoking. Routinely wash work clothing and protective equipment to remove contaminants. 

### 9. Physical and chemical properties
Appearance Brown to black in color. Physical state Liquid.
Form Liquid. Color Black Odor Tar-like
Odor threshold Not available. pH 2.1 - 4 Melting point/freezing point 150 - 180 °F (65.56 - 82.22 °C) / -173.6 °F (-114.22 °C) estimated Initial boiling point and boiling range 212 °F (100 °C)

Flash point 400.0 °F (204.4 °C) Cleveland Open Cup Evaporation rate < 1 Flammability (solid, gas) Not available. Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Flammability limit - lower (%) Not available.

Flammability limit - upper (%) Not available.

Explosive limit - lower (%) Not available.

Explosive limit - upper (%) Not available.

Vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg @ 70C Vapor density > 1 Relative density Not available. Solubility(ies) Solubility (water) Not available.
Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water) Not available.

Auto-ignition temperature > 700 °F (> 371.11 °C)

3 / 7 M a t e rial name: CSS-1H 5120 Version #: 02 Revision date: 04-06-2015 Issue date: 04-06-2015 SDS USDecomposition temperature Not available. Viscosity Not available.
Other information Flammability class Flammable IIIB
Percent volatile < 2 % Specific gravity 1.03 

### 10. Stability and reactivity Reactivity The product is stable and non-reactive under normal conditions of use, storage and transport. Chemical stability Stable under normal temperature conditions. Possibility of hazardous reactions Hazardous polymerization does not occur.

Conditions to avoid Avoid temperatures exceeding the flash point. Contact with incompatible materials. Do not overheat product. Incompatible materials Strong oxidizing agents. Hazardous decomposition products Upon decomposition, this product may yield sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and/or low molecular weight hydrocarbons. Hydrogen sulfide. 

### 11. Toxicological information Information on likely routes of exposure Ingestion Expected to be a low ingestion hazard.
Inhalation Prolonged inhalation may be harmful.
Skin contact No adverse effects due to skin contact are expected. Eye contact Harmful in contact with eyes. Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics Direct contact with eyes may cause temporary irritation.

Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity
Test Results Product Species CSS-1H (CAS Mixture)

LC50 Mouse Inhalation Acute

79142.8594 ppm, 1 Hours estimated

LD50 Mouse Oral 2390 g/kg estimated
Rabbit 64285.7148 mg/kg estimated

Rat 2140 g/kg estimated
Test Results Components Species HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0)

LD50 Mouse Dermal Acute

1449 mg/kg

LC50 Mouse Inhalation 1108 ppm, 1 Hours

Rat 3124 ppm, 1 Hours

LD50 Rabbit Oral 900 mg/kg

LD50 Mouse Other 1449 mg/kg

* Estimates for product may be based on additional component data not shown. Skin corrosion/irritation Prolonged skin contact may cause temporary irritation. Serious eye damage/eye irritation Harmful in contact with eyes. None known.

4 / 7 M a t e rial name: CSS-1H 5120 Version #: 02 Revision date: 04-06-2015 Issue date: 04-06-2015 SDS USRespiratory or skin sensitization

Respiratory sensitization Not available.
Skin sensitization May cause skin disorders if contact is repeated or prolonged. Germ cell mutagenicity No data available to indicate product or any components present at greater than 0.1% are mutagenic or genotoxic. Carcinogenicity Risk of cancer cannot be excluded with prolonged exposure. IARC: occupational exposures to straight-run bitumens and their emissions during road paving are "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2B) IARC Monographs. Overall Evaluation of Carcinogenicity ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) 2B Possibly carcinogenic to humans. HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) 3 Not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans. US. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Reproductive toxicity Not classified. Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure Not classified.

Specific target organ toxicity

- repeated exposure Not classified.

Aspiration hazard Not available.
Chronic effects Prolonged exposure may cause chronic effects.
Further information This product has no known adverse effect on human health. 

### 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity Not expected to be harmful to aquatic organisms.
Product Test Results Species CSS-1H (CAS Mixture)
LC50 Fish 2437.7026 mg/l, 96 hours estimated Fish Components Test Results Species

* Estimates for product may be based on additional component data not shown. HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) Aquatic
LC50 Fish 282 mg/l, 96 hours Western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)

Persistence and degradability No data is available on the degradability of this product. Bioaccumulative potential No data available. Mobility in soil No data available.
Other adverse effects No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component. 

### 13. Disposal considerations Disposal instructions Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. No components are identified as hazardous wastes. Disposal recommendations are based on uncontaminated material. Local disposal regulations Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazardous waste code The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company. Not applicable. Waste from residues / unused products Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see: Disposal instructions). Avoid discharge into water courses or onto the ground. Contaminated packaging Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal. Since emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. 

### 14. Transport information

DOT Not regulated as dangerous goods.
IATA Not regulated as dangerous goods.

5 / 7 M a t erial name: CSS-1H 5120 Version #: 02 Revision date: 04-06-2015 Issue date: 04-06-2015 SDS USIMDG

Not regulated as dangerous goods. Not available. Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code Further information If shipped above 212 deg F: "UN3257, Elevated Temperature Liquid, n.o.s. (Asphalt mixture), 9, PG III" 

### 15. Regulatory information US federal regulations All components are on the U.S. EPA TSCA Inventory List. TSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. D) Not regulated. CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4) ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) Listed. HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) Listed. US EPCRA Section 304 Extremely Haz. Subs. & CERCLA Haz. Subs.: Section 304 EHS reportable quantity HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) 5000 LBS US. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Hazard categories Immediate Hazard - Yes Delayed Hazard - No Fire Hazard - Yes Pressure Hazard - No Reactivity Hazard - No SARA 302 Extremely hazardous substance Chemical name CAS number Reportable quantity Threshold

planning quantity Threshold planning quantity, lower value Threshold planning quantity, upper value HYDROCHLORIC ACID 7647-01-0 5000 500 lbs SARA 311/312 Hazardous chemical No

SARA 313 (TRI reporting) Chemical name CAS number % by wt.
HYDROCHLORIC ACID 7647-01-0 < 2 Other federal regulations Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) List HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130) HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Not regulated.

Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). List 2, Essential Chemicals (21 CFR 1310.02(b) and 1310.04(f)(2) HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) DEA Essential Chemical Code Number HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) 6545 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). List 1 & 2 Exempt Chemical Mixtures (21 CFR 1310.12(c)) HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) 20 %WV DEA Exempt Chemical Mixtures Code Number HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) 6545 US state regulations WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer.
US. Massachusetts RTK - Substance List ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) 500 LBS

6 / 7 M a t erial name: CSS-1H 5120 Version #: 02 Revision date: 04-06-2015 Issue date: 04-06-2015 SDS USUS. Pennsylvania RTK - Hazardous Substances

ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) US. Rhode Island RTK HYDROCHLORIC ACID (CAS 7647-01-0) US. California Proposition 65 WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer. US - California Proposition 65 - CRT: Listed date/Carcinogenic substance ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) Listed: January 1, 1990
Int ernational Inventories Country(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Yes Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Yes Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL)
No Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL)
Yes China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC)
Yes Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS)
No Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS)
No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS)
No Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL)
Yes New Zealand New Zealand Inventory
No Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS)
Yes United States & Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory *A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s) A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s). 

### 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision

Issue date 04-06-2015 Revision date 04-06-2015 Version # 02 Further information HMIS® is a registered trade and service mark of the NPCA.

References ACGIH EPA: AQUIRE database NLM: Hazardous Substances Data Base US. IARC Monographs on Occupational Exposures to Chemical Agents IARC Monographs. Overall Evaluation of Carcinogenicity National Toxicology Program (NTP) Report on Carcinogens ACGIH Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices Disclaimer The information provided in this Safety Data Sheet is correct to the best of our knowledge, information and belief at the date of its publication. The information given is designed only as a guidance for safe handling, use, processing, storage, transportation, disposal and release and is not to be considered a warranty or quality specification. The information relates only to the specific material designated and may not be valid for such material used in combination with any other materials or in any process, unless specified in the text. The information in the sheet was written based on the best knowledge and experience currently available. Revision Information Composition / Information on Ingredients: Disclosure Overrides Physical & Chemical Properties: Multiple Properties GHS: Classification

7 / 7 M a t erial name: CSS-1H 5120 Version #: 02 Revision date: 04-06-2015 Issue date: 04-06-2015 SDS US

# SAFETY DATA SHEET

1. Identification

Product identifier ePrime Other means of identification Not available. Recommended use Not available. Recommended restrictions None known. Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information Manufacturer
Manufacturer: Ergon Asphalt & Emulsions, Inc. Address: P. O. Box 1639 Jackson, MS 39215-1639 Website: www.ergonasphalt.com Telephone: 1-800-222-7122 (Customer Service) E-mail: sds@ergon.com 24 hour Emergency (CHEMTREC): North America 1-800-424-9300; International 1-703-527-3887



### 2. Hazard(s) identification

Not classified. Physical hazards
Not classified. Health hazards
Not classified. Environmental hazards
Not classified. OSHA defined hazards

Label elements
None. H azard symbol Signal word None.
Hazard statement The mixture does not meet the criteria for classification. Prevention Observe good industrial hygiene practices. Response Wash hands after handling. Storage Store away from incompatible materials. Disposal Dispose of waste and residues in accordance with local authority requirements. Hazard(s) not otherwise classified (HNOC) None known.

Supplemental information Vapors containing hydrogen sulfide may accumulate during storage or transport. HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H2S) can be harmful or fatal if inhaled. 

### 3. Composition/information on ingredients

Mixtures
CAS number % Chemical name Common name and synonyms
8052-42-4 ASPHALT 40 - 100
7732-18-5 WATER 30 - < 40 Composition comments Components not listed are either non-hazardous or below the required disclosure threshold.


### 4. First-aid measures

Inhalation If breathing is difficult, remove to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Call a physician if symptoms develop or persist. Skin contact If clothing sticks to the skin, do not remove. Lotion or hand cream may aid in the removal of asphalt. Wash contact areas with soap and water. If needed, seek medical attention. Eye contact Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Get medical attention if irritation develops and persists. Ingestion Rinse mouth. DO NOT induce vomiting. Get medical attention immediately. If ingestion of a large amount does occur, call a poison control center immediately.

1 / 6 M a t erial name: ePrime 5939 Version #: 01 Issue date: 05-05-2015 SDS USMost important

symptoms/effects, acute and delayed Direct contact with eyes may cause temporary irritation.

Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed Treat symptomatically.

General information Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. 

### 5. Fire-fighting measures Suitable extinguishing media Foam. Dry chemical powder. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Unsuitable extinguishing media Water. Do not use water jet as an extinguisher, as this will spread the fire.

Specific hazards arising from the chemical During fire, gases hazardous to health may be formed.

Special protective equipment and precautions for firefighters Firefighters must use standard protective equipment including flame retardant coat, helmet with face shield, gloves, rubber boots, and in enclosed spaces, SCBA. Structural firefighters protective clothing will only provide limited protection. Fire-fighting equipment/instructions ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in flame. Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Move containers from fire area if you can do so without risk. In the event of fire, cool tanks with water spray. Specific methods In the event of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes. In the event of fire, cool tanks with water spray. General fire hazards No unusual fire or explosion hazards noted.


### 6. Accidental release measures Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep people away from and upwind of spill/leak. Keep out of low areas. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. For personal protection, see section 8 of the SDS. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up This product is miscible in water.

Large Spills: Stop the flow of material, if this is without risk. Dike the spilled material, where this is possible. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb in vermiculite, dry sand or earth and place into containers. Prevent entry into waterways, sewer, basements or confined areas.

Small Spills: Wipe up with absorbent material (e.g. cloth, fleece). Clean surface thoroughly to remove residual contamination.

Never return spills to original containers for re-use. For waste disposal, see section 13 of the SDS. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Ventilate area and avoid breathing vapors or mist. For large spills, dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Do not release into sewers or waterways. Environmental precautions Avoid discharge into drains, water courses or onto the ground. 

### 7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling Avoid prolonged exposure. Use only in well-ventilated areas. Hydrogen sulfide, a very highly toxic gas, may be present with this material. Keep face clear of tank and/or tank car openings. Good personal hygiene is necessary. Wash hands and contaminated areas with water and soap before leaving the work site. Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities Prevent electrostatic charge build-up by using common bonding and grounding techniques. Store in original tightly closed container. Store in a well-ventilated place. Store away from incompatible materials (see Section 10 of the SDS). Do not allow material to freeze. 

### 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Occupational exposure limits US. ACGIH Threshold Limit Values Value Components Form Type

TWA 0.5 mg/m3 Inhalable fraction. ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4)
US. NIOSH: Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards Value Components Form Type
Ceiling 5 mg/m3 Fume. ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s).

2 / 6 M a t erial name: ePrime 5939 Version #: 01 Issue date: 05-05-2015 SDS USAppropriate engineering

controls Provide adequate ventilation, including appropriate local extraction, to ensure that the defined occupational exposure limit is not exceeded. Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Wear safety glasses; chemical goggles (if splashing is possible). Hand protection Chemical resistant gloves are recommended. If contact with forearms is likely wear gauntlet style gloves. Other Wear appropriate clothing to prevent any possibility of liquid contact and repeated or prolonged vapor contact. Plastic or rubber gloves, apron and boots. Respiratory protection When workers are facing concentrations above the exposure limit they must use appropriate certified respirators.

Thermal hazards Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing, when necessary. General hygiene considerations Always observe good personal hygiene measures, such as washing after handling the material and before eating, drinking, and/or smoking. Routinely wash work clothing and protective equipment to remove contaminants. 

### 9. Physical and chemical properties
Appearance Brown to black in color. Physical state Liquid.
Form Liquid. Color Black Odor Tar-like
Odor threshold Not available. pH < 7 Melting point/freezing point 150 - 180 °F (65.56 - 82.22 °C) Initial boiling point and boiling range 212 °F (100 °C)

Flash point 400.0 °F (204.4 °C) Cleveland Open Cup Evaporation rate Not available. Flammability (solid, gas) Not available. Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits Flammability limit - lower (%) Not available.

Flammability limit - upper (%) Not available.

Explosive limit - lower (%) Not available.

Explosive limit - upper (%) Not available.

Vapor pressure < 1 mm Hg @ 70C Vapor density > 1 Relative density Not available. Solubility(ies) Solubility (water) Not available.
Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water) Not available.

Auto-ignition temperature > 700 °F (> 371.11 °C) Decomposition temperature Not available. Viscosity Not available.
Other information Density 8.47 lb/gal Specific gravity 1.02 

### 10. Stability and reactivity Reactivity The product is stable and non-reactive under normal conditions of use, storage and transport. Chemical stability Stable under normal temperature conditions. Possibility of hazardous reactions Hazardous polymerization does not occur.

3 / 6 M a t erial name: ePrime 5939 Version #: 01 Issue date: 05-05-2015 SDS USConditions to avoid Avoid temperatures exceeding the flash point. Contact with incompatible materials. Do not overheat product. Incompatible materials Strong oxidizing agents. Hazardous decomposition products Upon decomposition, this product may yield sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and/or low molecular weight hydrocarbons. Hydrogen sulfide. 

### 11. Toxicological information Information on likely routes of exposure Ingestion Expected to be a low ingestion hazard.
Inhalation Prolonged inhalation may be harmful.
Skin contact No adverse effects due to skin contact are expected. Eye contact Harmful in contact with eyes. Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics Direct contact with eyes may cause temporary irritation.

Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity Not available. Skin corrosion/irritation Prolonged skin contact may cause temporary irritation. Serious eye damage/eye irritation Harmful in contact with eyes. None known.

Respiratory or skin sensitization Respiratory sensitization Not available.
Skin sensitization May cause skin disorders if contact is repeated or prolonged. Germ cell mutagenicity No data available to indicate product or any components present at greater than 0.1% are mutagenic or genotoxic. Carcinogenicity Risk of cancer cannot be excluded with prolonged exposure. IARC: occupational exposures to straight-run bitumens and their emissions during road paving are "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2B) IARC Monographs. Overall Evaluation of Carcinogenicity ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) 2B Possibly carcinogenic to humans. US. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Reproductive toxicity Not classified. Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure Not classified.

Specific target organ toxicity

- repeated exposure Not classified.

Aspiration hazard Not available.
Chronic effects Prolonged exposure may cause chronic effects.
Further information This product has no known adverse effect on human health. 

### 12. Ecological information Ecotoxicity Not expected to be harmful to aquatic organisms. Persistence and degradability No data is available on the degradability of this product. Bioaccumulative potential No data available. Mobility in soil No data available.
Other adverse effects No other adverse environmental effects (e.g. ozone depletion, photochemical ozone creation potential, endocrine disruption, global warming potential) are expected from this component. 

### 13. Disposal considerations Disposal instructions Collect and reclaim or dispose in sealed containers at licensed waste disposal site. Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. No components are identified as hazardous wastes. Disposal recommendations are based on uncontaminated material. Local disposal regulations Dispose in accordance with all applicable regulations. Hazardous waste code The waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user, the producer and the waste disposal company. Not applicable. Waste from residues / unused products Dispose of in accordance with local regulations. Empty containers or liners may retain some product residues. This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe manner (see: Disposal instructions). Avoid discharge into water courses or onto the ground.

4 / 6 M a t erial name: ePrime 5939 Version #: 01 Issue date: 05-05-2015 SDS USContaminated packaging Empty containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal. Since emptied containers may retain product residue, follow label warnings even after container is emptied. 

### 14. Transport information

DOT Not regulated as dangerous goods.
IATA Not regulated as dangerous goods.
IMDG Not regulated as dangerous goods. Not available. Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code Further information If shipped above 212 deg F: "UN3257, Elevated Temperature Liquid, n.o.s. (Asphalt mixture), 9, PG III" 

### 15. Regulatory information US federal regulations All components are on the U.S. EPA TSCA Inventory List. TSCA Section 12(b) Export Notification (40 CFR 707, Subpt. D) Not regulated. CERCLA Hazardous Substance List (40 CFR 302.4) ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) Listed. US. OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances (29 CFR 1910.1001-1050) Not listed. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) Hazard categories Immediate Hazard - No Delayed Hazard - No Fire Hazard - Yes Pressure Hazard - No Reactivity Hazard - No SARA 302 Extremely hazardous substance Not listed. SARA 311/312 Hazardous chemical No

SARA 313 (TRI reporting) Not regulated.
Other federal regulations Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) List Not regulated. Clean Air Act (CAA) Section 112(r) Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR 68.130) Not regulated. Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Not regulated.

US state regulations WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer.
US. Massachusetts RTK - Substance List ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act Not regulated. US. Pennsylvania RTK - Hazardous Substances ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) US. Rhode Island RTK Not regulated. US. California Proposition 65 WARNING: This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer. US - California Proposition 65 - CRT: Listed date/Carcinogenic substance ASPHALT (CAS 8052-42-4) Listed: January 1, 1990

5 / 6 M a t e rial name: ePrime 5939 Version #: 01 Issue date: 05-05-2015 SDS USInternational Inventories

Countr y(s) or region Inventory name On inventory (yes/no)* Yes Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances (AICS)
Yes Canada Domestic Substances List (DSL)
No Canada Non-Domestic Substances List (NDSL)
Yes China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC)
Yes Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS)
No Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances (ELINCS)
No Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS)
No Korea Existing Chemicals List (ECL)
Yes New Zealand New Zealand Inventory
No Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS)
Yes United States & Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory *A "Yes" indicates that all components of this product comply with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s) A "No" indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing country(s). 

### 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision

Issue date 05- 05-2015 Version # 01 Further information HMIS® is a registered trade and service mark of the NPCA.

References ACGIH EPA: AQUIRE database NLM: Hazardous Substances Data Base US. IARC Monographs on Occupational Exposures to Chemical Agents IARC Monographs. Overall Evaluation of Carcinogenicity National Toxicology Program (NTP) Report on Carcinogens ACGIH Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices Disclaimer The information provided in this Safety Data Sheet is correct to the best of our knowledge, information and belief at the date of its publication. The information given is designed only as a guidance for safe handling, use, processing, storage, transportation, disposal and release and is not to be considered a warranty or quality specification. The information relates only to the specific material designated and may not be valid for such material used in combination with any other materials or in any process, unless specified in the text. The information in the sheet was written based on the best knowledge and experience currently available.

6 / 6 M a t e rial name: ePrime 5939 Version #: 01 Issue date: 05-05-2015 SDS US

## 17 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET



### PARAMOUNT PETROLEUM BAKERSFIELD 1201 China Grade Loop Bakersfield, CA 93308 (661) 392-3630

This Material Safety Data Sheet contains environmental, health and toxicology information for your employees. Please make sure this information is given to them. It also contains information to help you meet community right-toknow/emergency response reporting requirements under SARA Title III and other laws. If you resell this product, this MSDS must be given to the buyer, or the information should be incorporated in your MSDS. Discard any previous edition of this MSDS.



### A. IDENTIFICATION AND EMERGENCY INFORMATION

PR O DUCT NAME TOPEIN® C Emulsified Rejuvenating Agent, Type C PRODUCT CODE Emulsified Asphalt

P R O DUCT CATEGORY Petroleum Asphalt

PRO DU C T APPEARANCE AND ODOR Dark viscous liquid, Low asphalt odor

EME R G ENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS 1-800-424-8802 National Response C enter 1-800-424-9300 Chemtrec

WARNING! • Heating may release highly toxic and flammable hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas. • Prolonged of repeated breathing of fumes or contact with skin can be harmful. • Materials present in asphalt have caused cancer in laboratory animals. • Keep out of reach of children.



### B. COMPONENTS AND HAZARD INFORMATION

COM P ONENTS

Asphalt Proprietary ingredients Soap (Emulsifier) Water

All components of this product are listed on the U.S. TSCA inventory. See Section E for Health and Hazard Information. See Section H for additional Environmental Information. CAS NO. OF COMPONENTS 8052-42-4 proprietary 61791-55-7

---- APPROXIMATE CONCENTRATION 50-57% 5-15% 5% Balance

H A Z ARDOUS MATERIALS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (HMIS)

Health 0 Flammability 1 Reactiv ity 0 BA S IS Recommended by PARAMOUNT PETROLEUM BAKERSFIELD.
(Least=0, Slight=1, Moderat e=2

, High=3, Extreme=4)

EX POS U RE LIMIT FOR TOTAL PRODUCT OSHA Regulation 29 CRF 1910.1000 and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH) have adopted a Threshold Limit Value for the hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) of 10 ppm (14 mg/m 3 ) in air as a timeweighted average for an 8-hour workday with a 15 ppm (21 mg/m 3 ), and a maximum peak of 50 ppm (70 mg/m 3 ) for 10 minutes once per day if no other measurable exposure occurs. NIOSH-approved respiratory equipment should be used when permissible concentrations are exceeded. BASIS Recommended by PARAMOUNT PETROLEUM BAKERSFIELD

## 18 C. PRIMARY ROUTES OF ENTRY AND EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES

EYE CO N TACT If hot product is splashed into eyes, flush with clear water and contact physician.

SKIN If skin is contaminated with cool, solid asphalt, the contami nation area should be cleaned with waterless skin cleanser followed by soap and water.

If skin is contacted with hot asphalt, thermal burns will resul t. In this case, the contaminated area should be treated simila rly to other thermal burns by cooling the affect ed area immediately with the co ldest available water. It is not usually advisable to immediately remove the asphalt material. Natural separation will occur in 48 - 72 hours. Removal should be attempted only under the direction of a physician. If remo val is attempted, mineral oil (not minera l spirits) or mineral oil ointment may be applied to soften the asphalt to faci litate removal. Remove all contaminated clothing.

INH A LATION If overcome by vapor remove from exposure and call a physician immediately. If breathing is irregular or has stopped, start resuscitation, administer oxygen, if available.

IN GE STION If ingested, DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING; ca ll a physician immediately.



### D. FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD INFORMATION

FLASH POIN T (MINIMUM) 450 **°** F (232 **°** C) ASTM D 3143, Tag Open Cup AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE (Approximate) Not Available

N A TION AL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA) - HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

HEA LTH 0 FLA MM ABILITY 1 REACTIVITY 0 BASIS Recommended by the National Fire Protection Association.
(Least=0, Slight=1, Moderate=2

, High=3, Extreme=4)

H A N DLING PRECAUTIONS Keep product away from ignition sources, such as heat, sparks, pilot lights, static elec tricity, static electricity, and open flame.

FLAMM A BLE OR EXPLOSIVE LIMITS (APPROXIMATE PERCENT BY VOLUME IN AIR) Estimated values: Lower Flammable Limit Upper Flammable Limit Not Available Not Available

HOT A SPHA LT FLASH WARNING Studies have shown that relatively low flash point substance, such as hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and low-boiling hydrocarbons, may accumulate in the vapor space of hot asphalt tanks and bulk transport compartments. Such vapors may exhibit flammability characteristics of a significantly lower flash product than woul d be indicated by the open cup flash test. As a precaution, ke ep ignition sources away from vents and openings, including prevention of accumulation of pyrophoric iron sulfide. Asphalt Instit ute Publication IS-180 and American Petroleum Institute Publicat ion 852-20230 contain further information and guidance on the safe storage and handling of hot asphalt.

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA AND FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES Foam, water spray (fog), dry chemical, carbon dioxide and vapori zing liquid type extinguishing agents may all be suitable for extinguishing fires involving this type of product, depending on size or potential size of fire and circumstances related to th e situation. Plan fire protection and res ponse strategy through consultation with loca l fire protection authorities or appropria te specialists.

The following procedures for this type of product are based on the recommendations in the National Fire Protection Associations's "Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials", Eighth Edition (1984):

Use water spray, dry chemical, foam or ca rbon dioxide to extinguish the fire. Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool. If a leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray to disperse t he vapors and to provide protection for men attempting to stop a le ak. Water spray may be used to flush spills away from exposures. Minimize breathing of gases, vapor, fumes or decomposition products. Use supplied-air breathing equipment for enclosed or confined spaces or as otherwise needed.

## 19 DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS UNDER FIRE CONDITIONS Fumes, smoke, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur oxides, aldehydes and other decomposition products, in the case of incomplete combustion.

" E M PTY" CONTAINER WARNING "Empty" containers retain residue (liquid and/or vapor) and can be dangerous. DO NOT PRESSURIZE, CUT, WELD, BRAZE, SOLDER, DRILL, GRIND OR EXPOSE SUCH CONTAINERS TO HEAT, FLAME, SPARKS, STATIC ELECTRICITY, OR OTHER SOURCES OF IGNITION; THEY MAY EXPLODE AND CAUSE INJURY OR DEATH.

Do not attempt to clean since residue is difficult to remove. "Empty" drums should be completely drained, properly bunged and promptly returned to a drum reconditioner. All other container s should be disposed of in an environmentally safe manner and in accordance with Health Administration regul ations, ANSI z49.1, and other governmental and industrial references pertaining to cleaning, repairing, welding or other contemplated operations.

There is water present in this product. Inspect, thoroughly empty and drain all containers before refilling with hot liquid to prevent boilover.



### E. HEALTH AND HAZARD INFORMATION

VA R IABILITY AMONG INDIVIDUALS Health studies have shown that many petroleum hydrocarbons and synthetic lubricants pose potential human health risks which may vary from person to person. As a precaution, exposur e to liquids, vapors, mists or fumes should be minimized.

EF FEC TS OF OVEREXPOSURE (Sig ns and symptoms of exposure) High vapor concentrations (greater than approximately 700 ppm, attainable at elevated temperatures well above ambient) are irritating to the eyes and the respiratory tract, and may c ause headaches, dizziness, anesthesia, drowsiness, unconsciousness, and other central nervous system effects, including death. CAUTION: Product is normally shipped hot (approximately 100- 185 **°** F): protect against burns. See statem ents below regarding hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S).

N A TUR E OF HAZARD AND TOXICITY INFORMATION Skin contact with hot product may cause thermal burns. Prolo nged or repeated contact with this product at warm or ambient temperatures tends to remove skin oils, possibly leading to irritation and dermatitis; however, based on human experience and available toxicological data, this product is judged to be neither a "corrosive" nor an "irritant" by OSHA criteria.

Eye contact with hot product may cause thermal burns. Contact with this product at warm or ambient temperatures may cause eye irritation but will not damage eye tissue.

CAUTION: Under certain circumstances sulfur compounds in hot product may form hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas. Cooling product may continue to emit traces of (H 2 S) temporarily from entrapped or dissolved gases. (H 2 S) is a colorless, toxic and extremely flammable gas with an odor at low concentra tions characteristic of rotten eggs and a sweetish odor at high concentrations. Odo r cannot be relied upon as a means of detection because the sense of smell rapidly becomes insensitive to (H 2 S), and the (H 2 S) odor may be masked by the general odor of hot product. Because (H 2 S) may accumulate in tanks and bulk transport compartments, personnel should stand upwind, keep their face s at least two feet from compartment openings, and avoid breathing vapors when opening hatches and dome covers.

Prolonged breathing of 50 to 100 ppm, of (H 2 S) may produce eye and respiratory tract irritation, headache, nervousness and nausea and only a few breaths of high concentrations (e.g. 700 to 1000 ppm) may lead to unconsciousness and could be fatal. NIOSH-approved respiratory equipment should be used when permi ssible concentrations are exceeded. The OSHA 8-hour Time Weighted Average-Permissible Exposure Limit (TWA-PEL) is 10 ppm with a 15 minute Short Term Exposure Limit (TWA-STEL) of 15 ppm.

DE RM A L TOXICITY The systemic toxicity of this substance has not been determined. However, it should be practically non-toxic to internal organ s if it gets on the skin. This hazard is based on data from similar materials.



### F. PHYSICAL DATA

The following data are approx imate or typical values and should not be used for precise design purposes.

BOILIN G R ANGE IBP 650 - 1000+ **°** F (ASTM D 2887) VAPOR PRESSURE Less than 0.1 mm Hg @ 20 **°** C

S P E CIFIC GRAVITY (H 2 0 = 1) (Typical) 0.98 @ 60 **°** F (15.6 **°** C) VAPOR DENSITY (Air = 1) Greater than 5
pH 2 – 7 PO UR , CONGEALING OR MELTING POINT Not Available

## 20 EVAPORA TION RATE @ 1 atm and 25 **°** C (77 **°** F) (n-BUTYL ACETATE = 1) Negligible SOLUBILITY IN WATER @ 1 atm and 77 **°** F (25 **°** C) Negligible - less than 0.1%

VISCOSI TY @ 275 **°** F and 30 mm Hg (typical) 475 min PERCENT VOLATILE BY VOLUME Not Available



### G. REACTIVITY

This product is stable. Hazard ous poly merization will not occur. Avoid contact with strong oxidants such as liquid chlorine, concentrated oxygen, sodium hypochlorite, ca lcium hypochlorite, etc. Hot product in contact with water can cause foaming or sudden evolution of steam which could cause pressure build-up and possibly rupture a tank or vessel.

Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) from the product can react with the iron in an as phalt storage tank to form ferrous sulfide which is pyrophoric.



### H. ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION

STEP S TO BE TAKEN IN CASE MATERIAL IS RELEASED OR SPILLED Shut off and eliminate all ignition sources. Keep people away. Form a dike or berm to contai n product. Recover free liquid. Minimize skin contact. Ventilate confined spaces. Hot pr oduct may solidify when cooled. Keep product out of sewers and watercourses by diking or impounding. Advise authorities if product has entered any sewer or water courses. Assure conformity with applicable governmental regulation. Continue to observe precautions for volatile, combustible vapors from absorbed material.

THE FOLLOWIN G IN FORMATION MAY BE USEFUL IN COMPLYING WITH VARIOUS STATE AND FEDERAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS UNDER VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL STATUTES:

REPORTABLE QUANTITY (RQ), EPA REGU LATION 40 CFR 302 (CERCLA Section 102) No RQ for product or any constituent gr eater than 1% or 0.1% (carcinogen).

THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITY (TPQ), EPA REGULATION 40 CFR 355 (SARA Section 301-304) No TPQ for product or any constituent greater than 1% or 0.1% (carcinogen).

TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE REPORTING, EPA REGULATION 40 CFR 372 (SARA Section 313) No toxic chemical is present greater than 1% or 0.1% (carcinogen).

HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL REPORTING, EPA RE GULATION 40 CRF 370 (SARA Section 311-312)

EPA HAZARD CLASSIFICATION CODE: Ac ute Chronic Fire PressureReactive Hazard: Hazard: Hazard: Hazard: Hazard :
xx x xx x xx x



### I. PROTECTION AND PRECAUTIONS

VE N TILATION

Provide ventilation sufficient to prevent exceeding recommended exposure limit or buildup of explosive concentrations of vapor in air.

RE SPI R ATORY PROTECTION

Use supplied-air respiratory in confined or enclosed spaces, if needed, or when H 2 S exceeds permissible limits.

PR OTEC TIVE GLOVES

Protect against hot liquid. Use chemical -resistant gloves to avoid skin contact.

EYE PRO TE CTION

Use splash goggles or face shield when eye contact may occur.

OT H E R PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Use chemical-resistant apron or other imper vious clothing, if needed, to protect agai nst hot liquid and to avoid skin contact.

## 21 WO RK PRA C TICES/ENGINEERING CONTROLS

No smoking, flame or other ignition sources.

Keep containers closed when not in use. Do not store near heat, sparks, flame or strong oxidants. Ventilation must be suffici ent to prevent exceeding recommended exposure limit or buildup of explosive concentrations of vapor in air.

In order to prevent fire or expl osion hazards, use appropriate equipment.

Information on electrical equipment appropriate for use with this product may be found in the latest edition of the National El ectrical Code (NFPA-70). This document is available from the Nati onal Fire Protection Association, Batterymarch Park, Quincy, Massachusetts 02269.

PERSO N AL HYGIENE

Minimize breathing vapor, mist or fumes. Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with ski n. Remove contaminated clothing; launder or dry-clean before re-use. Remove contaminated shoes and thor oughly clean before re-use; discard if oil-soaked. Cleanse skin thoroughly after contact, before breaks and meal s, and at end of work period. Product is readily removed from skin by waterles s hand cleaners followed by washing thoroughly with soap and water.

A DDI TI ONAL HEALTH DATA COMMENT:

There is concern about the carcinogenicity of chemical compounds found in asphalts. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) reviewed the carcinogenic potential of asphalts in 1985 and again in 1987. At that time, they concluded there wa s inadequate evidence to decide that asphalts were carcinogenic to humans. Overall, findings from health monitoring studies of asphalt workers are not conclusive. However, asphalt fume co ndensates and certain chemical components of asphalt fume have been shown to cause cancer in mice when repeatedly applied to the skin and allowed to remain on the skin for a prolonged period of time. In addition, asphalt fume condensates have been shown to be weakly positive in Ames mutagenicity tests. Skin contact and breathing of fumes, mists and v apors should be reduced to a minimum.



### J. TRANSPORTATION AND OSHA RELATED LABEL INFORMATION

TRA N SPORTATION INCIDENT INFORMATION

For further information relative to spills resulting from trans portation incidents, refer to late st Department of Transportatio n Emergency Response Guidebook for Hazardous Materials Incidents, DOT Publication P 5800.5.

DOT IDEN TIFIC ATION NUMBER:

Elevated Temperature Material, N.O.S. 9 NA 9259 III Liquid

LA BEL R EQUIREMENTS:

Class 9 PACKAGING GROUP: III (CFR 49 Hazardous Ma terials Table 172.IV)

OSH A REQUIRED LABEL INFORMATION

In compliance with hazard and right-to-know requirements, the following OSHA Hazard Wa rnings should be found on a label, bill o f lading or invoice accompanying this shipment.

DANGER!

COMBUSTIBLE MAY FORM HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H 2 S) WHEN HEATED INHALATION OF (H 2 S) MAY BE FATAL MAY CAUSE SKIN CANCER

Note: Product label will contain additional non-OSHA related information.

The information and recommen dations conta ined herein are, to the best of PARAMOUNT PETROLEUM BAKERSFIELDs' knowledge and belief, accurate and reliable as of the date iss ued. PARAMOUNT PETROLEUM BAKERSFIELD does not warrant or guarantee their accuracy or reliabilit y, and PARAMOUNT PETROLEUM BAKERSFIELD shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising out of the use thereof.

The information and recommendations are offered for the user's consideration and examination, and it is the user's responsibili ty to satisfy itself that they are suitable and co mplete for its particular use. If buye r repackages this product, legal counsel sho uld be consulted to insure that proper health, safety and ot her necessary information is included on the container.

The Environmental Information included under Section H hereof as well as the Hazardous Materials Identification Sy stem (HMIS)

## 22 and National Fire Protection Association (NFPS) ratings have been included in order to provide additional health and hazard classification information. The ratings recommended are based upon the criteria supplied by t he developers of these rating systems.

` FOR OTHER PRODUCT INFORMATION CONTACT: MSDS Coordinator PARAMOUNT PETROLEUM BAKERSFIELD 1201 China Grade Loop Bakersfield, CA 93308 Phone (661) 392-3630 Fax (661) 399-1054