MEMORANDUM 

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

WASHINGTON D.C., 20460 

OCT 19 2015 OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY 

AND POLLUTION PREVENTION 

SUBJECT: BEAD Chemical Profile (BCP) for Registration Review: Cyproconazole (128993) 

FROM: 

THRU: 

Tara Chandgoyal, Ph.D., Plant Pathologist ~ dtdJAdhtl~ Biological Analysis Branch · ~; 

Jihad Alsadek, Ph.D., Economist ; ~fr- IA:-~ Science Information and Analysis Branch 

Andrew Lee, Ph.D., Economist ~l. · C L 

Economic Analysis Branch f 

Biological and Economic Analysis Division (7503P) 

Arnet Jones, Chief 

Biological Analysis Branch 

Diann Sims, Chief 

Science Information and Analysis Branch 

Timothy Kiely, Chief ~ \N\, 

Economic Analysis Branch 

Biological and Economic Analysis Divisio (7503P) 

TO: Eric Miederhoff, Chemical Review Manager 

Risk Management and Implementation Branch 3 

Pesticide Re-evaluation Division (7508P) 

Peer Review Panel Date: July 22, 2015 

SUMMARY 

Cyproconazole fungicide was first registered in the U.S. in 2005. This fungicide inhibits sterol 

demethylation in fungi, c~.using fungal cell wall collapse and inhibition of hyphal growth. These 

antifungal properties result in fungal disease control on various crops. It belongs to fungicide 

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group 3 of Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC). Based on private market usage data 

(2009-2013), usage averaged approximately 15,000 pounds active ingredient (a.i.) applied 

annually on approximately 489,000 acres treated. The average a.i. rate over this time period was 

0.031 pounds a.i. /acre. There are no reported usage data for_ non-agricultural use sites from 

proprietary data and from USDA/NASS. Cyproconazole is also registered for above-ground 

wood treatment. 

INTRODUCTION 

The Biological and Economic Analysis Division (BEAD) Chemical Profile (BCP) provides an 

overview of the pest management roles and quantitative usage information for this fungicide. 

The BCP includes summaries of previous BEAD products and available public and/or private 

use and usage data for cyproconazole to de~cribe its role in pest management. Additional 

information on use is available in the cyproconazole LUIS Label Data Report. Information 

provided in this BCP may be used by stakeholders (e.g., users and registrants), OPP risk 

assessors, OPP risk managers, and the general public during the Registration Review process of 

this pesticide. 

USE SITES 

Agricultural Use Sites 

Cyproconazole is registered for use on com, peanuts, soybeans, triticale and wheat. 

FORMULATIONS AND APPLICATION METHODS 

Cyproconazole is formulated as soluble concentrate/liquid. Cyproconazole is applied through 

chemigation, spray, broadcast and banded methods. 

HISTORY OF CYPROCONAZOLE and BEAD PRODUCTS 

An emergency exemption may indicate that there is a need for a particular chemical that is not 

registered for use on a particular site. An emergency exemption request may yield information 

about a particular chemical's importance or value that is not found in other EPA records. 

However, a lack of Section 18 assessments by BEAD does not specifically indicate the relative 

importance of the chemical. 

In 2013, EPA's registration division (RD) reviewed a request for a new use on turfgrass of 

cyproconazole. As part of the process BEAD (2013) provided RD with information on some 

aspects of golf course turf grass disease management that are of interest to those conducting risk 

assessments of a potential new use of cyproconazole. BEAD's information was general in scope 

since disease management options did not apply for all cases. The information highlighted the 

complex nature of turf grass management due to 1) the array of diseases potentially affecting turf 

grass, 2) the variety of turf grass types with differing sensitivities to diseases, 3) the choices 

required to manage the possible simultaneous occurrence of two or more diseases, and 4) the 

differences in environmental conditions in use sites around the country. BEAD (2013) also spoke 

to the need for risk assessors to specifically describe the risk concerns so the BEAD might refine 

information to support an assessment. 

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USAGE 

Cyproconazole technical was first registered in the U.S. in 2005 and cyproconazole agricultural 

product was first registered in 2006 (NPIRS, 2015). There are no reported usages until 2009. A 

Screening Level Usage Analysis (SLUA 2015) was prepared by BEAD for cyproconazole in 

2015 that provides national level poundage applied by active ingredient (a.i.) and percent crop 

treated (PCT) data for crops for which usage data are available. For cyproconazole, the 

agricultural use sites with available usage data, in terms of pounds active ingredient (lbs. a.i.) are 

soybeans (10,000 lbs. a.i.) and wheat (20,000 lbs. a.i.). In terms of the percent crop treated, all 

treated crops were less than 2.5 percent. 

Agricultural Usage 

Based on private market usage data from 2009-2013, usage averaged approximately 15,000 

pounds active ingredient (a.i.) applied annually on approximately 489,000 acres treated. The 

average a.i. rate over this time period was 0.031 pounds a.i. /acre. Figure 1 present's 

cyproconazole usage in pounds a.i. applied over the 2009-2013 timeframe. Figure 2 presents 

total area treated in acres over the same time period. The data show-that the use of 

cyproconazole increased from 2009 up till 2011 and decreased thereafter until 2013. (Proprietary 

Data, 2009-2013). 

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The agricultural use of cyproconazole increased from 2009 to 2011 on both soybeans and winter 

wheat, and then decreased thereafter. 2011 was the only year used in wheat. 

Table 1. Crops with Highest Use of Cyproconazole in Terms of Pounds Applied (2009-

2013) 

Crop %Lbs 

Soybeans 78 

Winter Wheat 22 

Source: Proprietary Data, 2009-2013 

All wheat usage was in the Pacific Northwest while soybean usage seem sporadic by state, 

except possibly for Indiana, Iowa and Mississippi. Three of the five states with the highest usage 

are included based on high use in a single year (Washington, Illinois and Kentucky). 

Table 2. States with Highest Use of Cyproconazole in Terms of Pounds AI Applied (2009-

2013) 

State %Lbs 

Mississippi 23 

W ashinl!ton 21 

Illinois 17 

Ohio 13 

Kentucky 7 

Source: Proprietary Data, 2009-2013 

Application Rates 

The average rate for the top crops in terms of pounds a.i. applied was highest for winter wheat at 

0.033 lbs. a.i. p~r acre and lowest for soybeans at 0.031 lbs. a.i. per acre, as shown in Table 3. 

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Table 3. Cyproconazole Annual Use on Top Crops and Annual Average A.I. Rate, 2009-

2013 

Crop Average Annual Average Annual Total 

Pounds AI Applied Area Treated* 

Soybeans 12,000 385,000 

Winter Wheat 17,000 514,000 

*Total Acres Treated sums all acres treated for a crop. 

Source: Proprietary Data, 2009-2013 

BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS RELEVANT TO CYPROCONAZOLE 

\__ 

Avg. Annual AI Rate 

(lbs Al/acres) 

0.031 

0.033 

Cyproconazole inhibits sterol demethylation in fungi, causing :fungal.cell wall collapse and 

inhibition ofhyphal growth. These antifungal properties result in fungal disease control on 

various crops. Cyproconazole belongs to fungicide group 3 (SBI: Class I, such as fenbuconazole, 

myclobutanil, propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole and some others) of 

FRAC classification of fungicides (FRAC, 2015). There is medium risk of developing resistance 

in fungal plant pathogens against cyproconazole (FRAC, 2015). Cyproconazole is registered for 

use on various crops [cereals (wheat, triticale), peanuts, soybeans, com] for controlling fungal 

diseases. Cyproconazole can be used as a standalone fungicide or in combination/alternation 

with fungicides with different mode of action (such as azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin). Since its 

registration, its use peaked in 2011 and then declined. We do not know the reasons for its 

declining use since 2011. It may be due to lower disease pressure or registration of other 

fungicides that are more effective than cyproconazole in controlling the disease. It may also be 

due to marketing and/or growers preference. 

ROLE OF CYPROCONAZOLE IN PEST MANAGEMENT 

Cyproconazole is predominantly used on soybeans and wheat. It is used most on soybeans in 

Mississippi, Illinois, Ohio and Kentucky. It is used most on wheat in Washington. It can be 

applied alone or in combination with other fungicides (such as azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin). On 

wheat, it is labeled for controlling glume blotch, leaf blight, Helminthosporium leaf blight, 

powdery mildew, rusts, spot blotch and tan spot. On com, it is labeled for controlling many 

fungal diseases (such as Eye spot, gray leaf spot, Northern com leaf blight, rust, Southern com 

leaf blight). On soybeans, it is labeled for controlling rust, aerial blight, Altemaria leaf spot, 

anthracnose, brown spot, Cercospora blight and leaf spot, frog eye leaf spot and pod & stem 

blight. We are not aware of any report that documents resistance in fungi against this fungicide. 

DATA NEEDS 

Agricultural Use: 

1. Registrant may have information for its declining use since 2011. 

2. Non-agricultural use and usage for wood preservatives. 

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REFERENCES 

NPIRS. 2015. http://ppis.ceris.purdue.edu/chemical2.aspx. Accessed on July 8, 2015. 

SLUA, 2015. Cyproconazole Screening Level Usage Analysis. Biological and Economic 

Analysis Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, US Environmental Protection Agency. 

March 10, 2015. 

BEAD, 2013. "A Response to Questions Regarding a New Use of Cyproconazole on Turf grass 

(DP 411379)." Leonard Yourman. 

FRAC. 2015. http://www.frac.info/ docs/ default-source/publications/frac-code-list/frac-code-list2015-finalC2AD7AA36764. Accessed on July 8, 2015. 

Proprietary Data, 2009-2013. 

PPLS. 2015. Pesticide Product Label System (PPLS). Details for Cyproconazole Technical. 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/apex/pesticides/f?p=PPLS:8:0: :NO: :P8 PUID: 18933 

Accessed on July 15, 2015. 

http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/ 

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