<Page>

                                                                  EXHIBIT 4.1



                         WATTS WATER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                                       TO

                           [_________________________]

                                     Trustee

                                    Indenture

                            Dated as of [__________]

                             Senior Debt Securities

<Page>

                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

<Table>
<Caption>
                                                                                               Page
                                                                                               ----
<S>                                                                                             <C>
ARTICLE ONE - DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION                            1
     SECTION 101.   Definitions..................................................................1
     SECTION 102.   Compliance Certificates and Opinions........................................11
     SECTION 103.   Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee......................................11
     SECTION 104.   Acts of Holders.............................................................12
     SECTION 105.   Notices, etc., to Trustee and Company.......................................13
     SECTION 106.   Notice to Holders; Waiver...................................................14
     SECTION 107.   Counterparts; Effect of Headings and Table of Contents......................15
     SECTION 108.   Successors and Assigns......................................................15
     SECTION 109.   Severability Clause.........................................................15
     SECTION 110.   Benefits of Indenture.......................................................15
     SECTION 111.   Governing Law...............................................................15
     SECTION 112.   Legal Holidays..............................................................15
     SECTION 113.   Immunity of Stockholders, Directors, Officers and Agents of the Company.....16
     SECTION 114.   Conflict with Trust Indenture Act...........................................16

ARTICLE TWO - SECURITIES FORMS                                                                  16
     SECTION 201.   Forms of Securities.........................................................16
     SECTION 202.   Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication.............................17
     SECTION 203.   Securities Issuable in Global Form..........................................17

ARTICLE THREE - THE SECURITIES                                                                  18
     SECTION 301.   Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series........................................18
     SECTION 302.   Denominations...............................................................21
     SECTION 303.   Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating..............................22
     SECTION 304.   Temporary Securities........................................................24
     SECTION 305.   Registration, Registration of Transfer, Conversion and Exchange.............26
     SECTION 306.   Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities............................29
     SECTION 307.   Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved..............................31
     SECTION 308.   Persons Deemed Owners.......................................................33
     SECTION 309.   Cancellation................................................................33
     SECTION 310.   Computation of Interest.....................................................34
     SECTION 311.   CUSIP Numbers...............................................................34

ARTICLE FOUR - SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE                                                       34
     SECTION 401.   Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture.....................................34
     SECTION 402.   Application of Trust Funds..................................................35
</Table>

                                       (i)
<Page>

<Table>
<S>                                                                                             <C>
ARTICLE FIVE - REMEDIES                                                                         36
     SECTION 501.   Events of Default...........................................................36
     SECTION 502.   Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment..........................37
     SECTION 503.   Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.............38
     SECTION 504.   Trustee May File Proofs of Claim............................................39
     SECTION 505.   Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities or Coupons......40
     SECTION 506.   Application of Money Collected..............................................40
     SECTION 507.   Limitation on Suits.........................................................40
     SECTION 508.   Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium or
                    Make-Whole Amount, if any, and Interest.....................................41
     SECTION 509.   Restoration of Rights and Remedies..........................................41
     SECTION 510.   Rights and Remedies Cumulative..............................................41
     SECTION 511.   Delay or Omission Not Waiver................................................41
     SECTION 512.   Control by Holders of Securities............................................42
     SECTION 513.   Waiver of Past Defaults.....................................................42
     SECTION 514.   Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws.....................................42
     SECTION 515.   Undertaking for Costs.......................................................43

ARTICLE SIX - THE TRUSTEE                                                                       43
     SECTION 601.   Notice of Defaults..........................................................43
     SECTION 602.   Certain Rights of Trustee...................................................43
     SECTION 603.   Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities......................45
     SECTION 604.   May Hold Securities.........................................................46
     SECTION 605.   Money Held in Trust.........................................................46
     SECTION 606.   Compensation and Reimbursement..............................................46
     SECTION 607.   Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility; Conflicting Interests..............47
     SECTION 608.   Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor...........................47
     SECTION 609.   Acceptance of Appointment by Successor......................................48
     SECTION 610.   Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business.................49
     SECTION 611.   Appointment of Authenticating Agent.........................................50
     SECTION 612.   Certain Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee..........................51

ARTICLE SEVEN - HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY                               52
     SECTION 701.   Disclosure of Names and Addresses of Holders................................52
     SECTION 702.   Reports by Trustee..........................................................53
     SECTION 703.   Reports by Company..........................................................53
     SECTION 704.   Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders...................54
</Table>

                                      (ii)
<Page>

<Table>
<S>                                                                                             <C>
ARTICLE EIGHT - CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, LEASE OR CONVEYANCE                                54
     SECTION 801.   Consolidations and Mergers of Company and Sales, Leases and Conveyances
                    Permitted Subject to Certain Conditions.....................................54
     SECTION 802.   Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation..................................54
     SECTION 803.   Officers' Certificate and Opinion of Counsel................................55

ARTICLE NINE - SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES                                                          55
     SECTION 901.   Supplemental Indentures without Consent of Holders..........................55
     SECTION 902.   Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders.............................56
     SECTION 903.   Execution of Supplemental Indentures........................................58
     SECTION 904.   Effect of Supplemental Indentures...........................................58
     SECTION 905.   Conformity with Trust Indenture Act.........................................58
     SECTION 906.   Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures..........................58

ARTICLE TEN - COVENANTS                                                                         58
     SECTION 1001.  Payment of Principal, Premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any; and Interest    58
     SECTION 1002.  Maintenance of Office or Agency.............................................58
     SECTION 1003.  Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust...........................60
     SECTION 1004.  Existence...................................................................61
     SECTION 1005.  Maintenance of Properties...................................................61
     SECTION 1006.  Insurance...................................................................62
     SECTION 1007.  Payment of Taxes and Other Claims...........................................62
     SECTION 1008.  Statement as to Compliance..................................................62
     SECTION 1009.  Waiver of Certain Covenants.................................................62

ARTICLE ELEVEN - REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES                                                       62
     SECTION 1101.  Applicability of Article....................................................62
     SECTION 1102.  Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee.......................................63
     SECTION 1103.  Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed...........................63
     SECTION 1104.  Notice of Redemption........................................................63
     SECTION 1105.  Deposit of Redemption Price.................................................64
     SECTION 1106.  Securities Payable on Redemption Date.......................................65
     SECTION 1107.  Securities Redeemed in Part.................................................66

ARTICLE TWELVE - SINKING FUNDS                                                                  66
     SECTION 1201.  Applicability of Article....................................................66
     SECTION 1202.  Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities.......................66
     SECTION 1203.  Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund...................................67

ARTICLE THIRTEEN - REPAYMENT AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS                                           67
     SECTION 1301.  Applicability of Article....................................................67
     SECTION 1302.  Repayment of Securities.....................................................67
     SECTION 1303.  Exercise of Option..........................................................67
</Table>

                                      (iii)
<Page>

<Table>
<S>                                                                                             <C>
     SECTION 1304.  When Securities Presented for Repayment Become Due and Payable..............68
     SECTION 1305.  Securities Repaid in Part...................................................69

ARTICLE FOURTEEN - DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE                                           69
     SECTION 1401.  Applicability of Article; Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or
                    Covenant Defeasance.........................................................69
     SECTION 1402.  Defeasance and Discharge....................................................70
     SECTION 1403.  Covenant Defeasance.........................................................70
     SECTION 1404.  Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.............................71
     SECTION 1405.  Deposited Money and Government Obligations to Be Held in Trust; Other
                    Miscellaneous Provisions....................................................72

ARTICLE FIFTEEN - MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES                                             73
     SECTION 1501.  Purposes for Which Meetings May Be Called...................................73
     SECTION 1502.  Call, Notice and Place of Meetings..........................................73
     SECTION 1503.  Persons Entitled to Vote at Meetings........................................74
     SECTION 1504.  Quorum; Action..............................................................74
     SECTION 1505.  Determination of Voting Rights; Conduct and Adjournment of Meetings.........75
     SECTION 1506.  Counting Votes and Recording Action of Meetings.............................76

ARTICLE SIXTEEN - CONVERSION OF SECURITIES                                                      76
     SECTION 1601.  Applicability of Article; Conversion Privilege and Conversion Price.........76
     SECTION 1602.  Exercise of Conversion Privilege............................................77
     SECTION 1603.  Fractions of Shares.........................................................78
     SECTION 1604.  Adjustment of Conversion Price..............................................78
     SECTION 1605.  Notice of Adjustments of Conversion Price...................................82
     SECTION 1606.  Notice of Certain Corporate Action..........................................82
     SECTION 1607.  Company to Reserve Common Stock.............................................83
     SECTION 1608.  Taxes on Conversion.........................................................83
     SECTION 1609.  Covenants as to Common Stock................................................83
     SECTION 1610.  Cancellation of Converted Securities........................................84
     SECTION 1611.  Provisions in Case of Consolidation, Merger or Sale of Assets; Special
                    Distributions...............................................................84
     SECTION 1612.  Trustee Adjustment Disclaimer; Company Determination Final..................85
     SECTION 1613.  When No Adjustment Required.................................................85
     SECTION 1614.  Equivalent Adjustments......................................................86
</Table>

                                      (iv)
<Page>

                         WATTS WATER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

     Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (the "Trust
Indenture Act" or "TIA") and Indenture, dated as of [__________].

<Table>
<Caption>
Trust Indenture
   Act Section                                                               Indenture Section
---------------                                                              -----------------
<S>                                                                                <C>
Section  310(a)(1).................................................................607
(a)(2) ............................................................................607
(b)    ............................................................................607, 608
Section  312(c)....................................................................701
Section  313(a)....................................................................702
(c)    ............................................................................702
Section  314(a)....................................................................703
(a)(4) ............................................................................1008
(c)(1) ............................................................................102
(c)(2) ............................................................................102
(e)    ............................................................................102
Section  315(b)....................................................................601
Section  316(a) (last sentence)....................................................101("Outstanding")
(a)(1)(A)..........................................................................502, 512
(a)(1)(B)..........................................................................513
(b)    ............................................................................508
Section  317(a)(1).................................................................503
(a)(2) ............................................................................504
Section  318(a)....................................................................111
(c)    ............................................................................111
</Table>

----------
NOTE: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a
part of the Indenture.

     Attention should also be directed to Section 318(c) of the Trust Indenture
Act, which provides that the provisions of Sections 310 to and including 317 of
the Trust Indenture Act are a part of and govern every qualified indenture,
whether or not physically contained therein.

                                       (v)
<Page>

     INDENTURE, dated as of [__________], between Watts Water Technologies,
Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware
(hereinafter called the "Company"), having its principal office at 815 Chestnut
Street, North Andover, Massachusetts 01845, and [_________________________], a
trust company organized under the laws of [__________], as Trustee hereunder
(hereinafter called the "Trustee"), having a Corporate Trust Office at
[_________________________].

                             RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

     The Company deems it necessary to issue from time to time for its lawful
purposes senior debt securities (hereinafter called the "Securities") evidencing
its unsecured and senior indebtedness, and has duly authorized the execution and
delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of the
Securities, to be issued in one or more Series as provided in this Indenture.

     This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act of
1939, as amended (the "Trust Indenture Act" or "TIA"), that are deemed to be
incorporated into this Indenture and shall, to the extent applicable, be
governed by such provisions.

     All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid and legally binding
agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

     NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

     For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities
by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and
proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities, as follows:

ARTICLE ONE - DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION

     SECTION 101.   DEFINITIONS. For all purposes of this Indenture, except as
otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

          (1)  the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to
     them in this Article, and include the plural as well as the singular;

          (2)  all other terms used herein which are defined in the TIA, either
     directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them
     therein, and the terms "cash transactions" and "self-liquidating paper," as
     used in TIA Section 311, shall have the meanings assigned to them in the
     rules of the Commission adopted under the TIA;

          (3)  all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the
     meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP; and

          (4)  the words "herein," "hereof "and "hereunder" and other words of
     similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular
     Article, Section or other subdivision.

     "ACT," when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in
Section 104.

<Page>

     "AFFILIATE" of any specified Person means any other Person directly or
indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common
control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition,
"control" when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to
direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly,
whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise;
and the terms "controlling" and "controlled" have meanings correlative to the
foregoing.

     "AUTHENTICATING AGENT" means any Person authorized by the Trustee pursuant
to Section 611 hereof to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate
Securities.

     "AUTHORIZED NEWSPAPER" means a newspaper, printed in the English language
or in an official language of the country of publication, customarily published
on each Business Day, whether or not published on Saturdays, Sundays or
holidays, and of general circulation in each place in connection with which the
term is used or in the financial community of each such place. Whenever
successive publications are required to be made in Authorized Newspapers, the
successive publications may be made in the same or in different Authorized
Newspapers in the same city meeting the foregoing requirements and in each case
on any Business Day.

     "BANKRUPTCY LAW" has the meaning specified in Section 501.

     "BEARER SECURITY" means any Security established pursuant to Section 201
which is payable to bearer.

     "BOARD OF DIRECTORS" means the board of directors of the Company or any
committee of that board duly authorized to act hereunder.

     "BOARD RESOLUTION" means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary
or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board
of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such
certification, and delivered to the Trustee.

     "BUSINESS DAY," when used with respect to any Place of Payment or any other
particular location referred to in this Indenture or in the Securities, means,
unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities issued pursuant to
Section 301, any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is not a day on
which banking institutions in that Place of Payment or particular location are
authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.

     "CAPITAL STOCK" means, with respect to any Person, any capital stock
(including preferred stock), shares, interests, participations or other
ownership interests (however designated) of such Person and any rights (other
than debt securities convertible into or exchangeable for corporate stock),
warrants or options to purchase any thereof.

     "CLEARSTREAM" means Clearstream Banking, societe anonyme.

     "CLOSING PRICE" means the closing price of a share of Common Stock of the
Company as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.

                                        2
<Page>

     "COMMISSION" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to
time constituted, created under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or, if at
any time after execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and
performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the
body performing such duties on such date.

     "COMMON DEPOSITORY" has the meaning specified in Section 304.

     "COMMON STOCK" means, with respect to any Person, all shares of capital
stock issued by such Person other than Preferred Stock.

     "COMPANY" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of
this Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to
the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Company" shall mean
such successor corporation.

     "COMPANY REQUEST" and "COMPANY ORDER" mean, respectively, a written request
or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, the
Chief Executive Officer, the President, or a Vice President, and by its
Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of
the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.

     "CONSTITUENT PERSON" has the meaning specified in Section 1611.

     "CONVERSION EVENT" means the cessation of use of (i) a Foreign Currency
both by the government of the country which issued such currency and for the
settlement of transactions by a central bank or other public institutions of or
within the international banking community, (ii) the Euro both within the EMU
and for the settlement of transactions by public institutions of or within the
EMU or (iii) any currency unit (or composite currency) other than the Euro for
the purposes for which it was established.

     "CONVERSION PRICE" has the meaning specified in Section 1601.

     "CORPORATE TRUST OFFICE" means the office of the Trustee at which, at any
particular time, its corporate trust business shall be principally administered,
which office at the date hereof is located at [____________________].

     "CORPORATION" includes corporations, associations, companies and business
trusts.

     "COUPON" means any interest coupon appertaining to a Bearer Security.

     "COVENANT DEFEASANCE" has the meaning specified in Section 1403.

     "CUSTODIAN" has the meaning specified in Section 501.

     "DEFAULTED INTEREST" has the meaning specified in Section 307.

     "DEFEASANCE" has the meaning specified in Section 1402.

     "DISTRIBUTION RECORD DATE" has the meaning specified in Section 1611.

                                        3
<Page>

     "DIVIDEND RECORD DATE" has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

     "DOLLAR" or "$" means a dollar or other equivalent unit in such coin or
currency of the United States of America as at the time shall be legal tender
for the payment of public and private debts.

     "DTC" means The Depository Trust Company and any successor to DTC in its
capacity as depository for any Securities.

     "EC TREATY" means the Treaty establishing the European Communities (signed
in Rome on 25 March 1957), as amended by the Treaty on European Union, as
amended (signed in Maastricht on 7 February 1992).

     "EMU" means European Economic and Monetary Union.

     "EURO", "EURO" and "EUR" each means the lawful currency of the member
states of the European Union that adopt the single currency in accordance with
the EC Treaty.

     "EUROCLEAR" means Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear
System.

     "EVENT OF DEFAULT" has the meaning specified in Article Five.

     "EXCHANGE DATE" has the meaning specified in Section 304.

     "FOREIGN CURRENCY" means any currency, currency unit or composite currency,
including, without limitation, the Euro issued by the government of one or more
countries other than the United States of America or by any recognized
confederation or association of such governments.

     "GAAP" means, except as otherwise provided herein, generally accepted
accounting principles, as in effect from time to time, as used in the United
States applied on a consistent basis.

     "GLOBAL SECURITY" means a Security evidencing all or a part of a series of
Securities issued to and registered in the name of the depository for such
series, or its nominee, in accordance with Section 305, and bearing the legend
prescribed in Section 203.

     "GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS" means securities which are (i) direct obligations
of the United States of America or the government which issued the Foreign
Currency in which the Securities of a particular series are payable, for the
payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a
Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of
the United States of America or such government which issued the Foreign
Currency in which the Securities of such series are payable, the payment of
which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the
United States of America or such other government, which, in either case, are
not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof, and (iii) shall
also include a depository receipt issued by a bank or trust company as custodian
with respect to any such

                                        4
<Page>

Government Obligation or a specific payment of interest on or principal of any
such Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder
of a depository receipt, PROVIDED that (except as required by law) such
custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the
holder of such depository receipt from any amount received by the custodian in
respect of the Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or
principal of the Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt.

     "GUARANTY" by any Person means any Obligation, contingent or otherwise, of
such Person guaranteeing any Indebtedness of any other Person (the "primary
obligor") in any manner, whether directly or indirectly, and including, without
limitation, every Obligation of such Person (i) to purchase or pay (or advance
or supply funds for the purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness or to purchase
(or to advance or supply funds for the purchase of) any security for the payment
of such Indebtedness, (ii) to purchase property, securities or services for the
purpose of assuring the holder of such Indebtedness of the payment of such
Indebtedness or (iii) to maintain working capital, equity capital or other
financial statement condition or liquidity of the primary obligor so as to
enable the primary obligor to pay such Indebtedness; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that a
Guaranty by any Person shall not include endorsements by such Person for
collection or deposit, in either case in the ordinary course of business. The
terms "Guaranteed," "Guaranteeing" and "Guarantor" shall have meanings
correlative to the foregoing.

     "HOLDER" means, in the case of a Registered Security, the Person in whose
name a Security is registered in the Security Register and, in the case of a
Bearer Security, the bearer thereof and, when used with respect to any coupon,
shall mean the bearer thereof.

     "INDEBTEDNESS" means, with respect to any Person, without duplication, (i)
any Obligation of such Person relating to any indebtedness of such Person (A)
for borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of
the assets, of such person or only to a portion thereof), (B) evidenced by
notes, debentures or similar instruments (including purchase money obligations)
given in connection with the acquisition of any property or assets (other than
trade accounts payable for inventory or similar property acquired in the
ordinary course of business), including securities, for the payment of which
such Person is liable, directly or indirectly, or the payment of which is
secured by a lien, charge or encumbrance on property or assets of such Person,
(C) for goods, materials or services purchased in the ordinary course of
business (other than trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of
business), (D) with respect to letters of credit or bankers acceptances issued
for the account of such Person or performance, surety or similar bonds, (E) for
the payment of money relating to a Capitalized Lease Obligation or (F) under
interest rate swaps, caps or similar agreements and foreign exchange contracts,
currency swaps or similar agreements; (ii) any liability of others of the kind
described in the preceding clause (i), which such Person has Guaranteed or which
is otherwise its legal liability; and (iii) any and all deferrals, renewals,
extensions and refunding of, or amendments, modifications or supplements to, any
liability of the kind described in any of the preceding clauses (i) or (ii).

     "INDENTURE" means this instrument as originally executed or as it may be
supplemented or amended from time to time by one or more indentures supplemental
hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof, and shall
include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated
by Section 301; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, if at any time more than one Person is
acting as Trustee under this instrument, "Indenture" shall mean, with respect to
any

                                        5
<Page>

one or more series of Securities for which such Person is Trustee, this
instrument as originally executed or as it may be supplemented or amended from
time to time by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant
to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms of the or those
particular series of Securities for which such Person is Trustee established as
contemplated by Section 301, exclusive, however, of any provisions or terms
which relate solely to other series of Securities for which such Person is
Trustee, regardless of when such terms or provisions were adopted, and exclusive
of any provisions or terms adopted by means of one or more indentures
supplemental hereto executed and delivered after such Person had become such
Trustee but to which such Person, as such Trustee, was not a party.

     "INDEXED SECURITY" means a Security the terms of which provide that the
principal amount thereof payable at Stated Maturity may be more or less than the
principal face amount thereof at original issuance.

     "INTEREST," when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security
which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, shall mean interest
payable after Maturity.

     "INTEREST PAYMENT DATE," when used with respect to any Security, means the
Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security.

     "MAKE-WHOLE AMOUNT," when used with respect to any Security, means the
amount, if any, in addition to principal (and accrued interest thereon, if any)
which is required by a Security, under the terms and conditions specified
therein or as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, to be paid by
the Company to the Holder thereof in connection with any optional redemption or
accelerated payment of such Security.

     "MARKET VALUE OF THE DISTRIBUTION" has the meaning specified in Section
1604.

     "MATURITY," when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which
the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and
payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by
declaration of acceleration, notice of redemption, notice of option to elect
repayment or otherwise.

     "NASD" means the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.

     "OBLIGATION" of any Person with respect to any specified Indebtedness means
any obligation of such Person to pay principal, premium, interest (including
interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in bankruptcy or for
reorganization relating to such Person, whether or not a claim for such
post-petition interest is allowed in such proceeding), penalties, reimbursement
or indemnification amounts, fees, expenses or other amounts relating to such
Indebtedness.

     "OFFICERS' CERTIFICATE" means a certificate signed by the Chairman of the
Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or a Vice
President, and by the Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary of the Company, and delivered to the Trustee.

                                        6
<Page>

     "OPINION OF COUNSEL" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel
for the Company or who may be an employee of or other counsel for the Company.

     "ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT SECURITY" means any Security which provides for an
amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a
declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502.

     "OUTSTANDING," when used with respect to Securities, means, as of the date
of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture, EXCEPT:

               (i)     Securities theretofore canceled by the Trustee or
          delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;

               (ii)    Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment or
          redemption (including repayment at the option of the Holder) money in
          the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee
          or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and
          segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its
          own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities and any coupons
          appertaining thereto; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, if such Securities are
          to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant
          to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee
          has been made;

               (iii)   Securities, except to the extent provided in Sections
          1402 and 1403, with respect to which the Company has effected
          Defeasance and/or Covenant Defeasance as provided in Article Fourteen;
          and

               (iv)    Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 306
          or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been
          authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any
          such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to
          the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by
          a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid
          obligations of the Company.

PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder or are present at
a meeting of Holders for quorum purposes, and for the purpose of making the
calculations required by TIA Section 313, (i) the principal amount of an
Original Issue Discount Security that may be counted in making such
determination or calculation and that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such
purpose shall be equal to the amount of principal thereof that would be (or
shall have been declared to be) due and payable, at the time of such
determination, upon a declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof
pursuant to Section 502, (ii) the principal amount of any Security denominated
in a Foreign Currency that may be counted in making such determination or
calculation and that shall be deemed Outstanding for such purpose shall be equal
to the Dollar equivalent, determined pursuant to Section 301 as of the date such
Security is originally issued by the Company, of the principal amount (or, in
the case of an Original Issue Discount Security, the Dollar equivalent as of
such date of original issuance of the amount determined as provided in clause
(i) above) of such Security, (iii) the principal amount of any Indexed Security
that may be counted in making

                                        7
<Page>

such determination or calculation and that shall be deemed outstanding for such
purpose shall be equal to the principal face amount of such Indexed Security at
original issuance, unless otherwise provided with respect to such Security
pursuant to Section 301, and (iv) Securities owned by the Company or any other
obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other
obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in
determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in making such calculation or
in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent or waiver, only Securities which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall
be so disregarded. Securities owned as provided in clause (iv) above which have
been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee
establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right so to act
with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any
other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such
other obligor. In case of a dispute as to such right, the advice of counsel
shall be full protection in respect of any decision made by the Trustee in
accordance with such advice.

     "PAYING AGENT" means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the
principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on any
Securities or coupons on behalf of the Company.

     "PERSON" means any individual, corporation, limited liability company,
partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust,
unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision
thereof.

     "PLACE OF PAYMENT," when used with respect to the Securities of or within
any series, means the place or places where the principal of (and premium or
Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest on such Securities are payable as
specified as contemplated by Sections 301 and 1002.

     "PREDECESSOR SECURITY" of any particular Security means every previous
Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that evidenced by such
particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security
authenticated and delivered under Section 306 in exchange for or in lieu of a
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or a Security to which a
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains shall be deemed to
evidence the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or
the Security to which the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen coupon
appertains.

     "PREFERRED STOCK" means, with respect to any Person, all capital stock
issued by such Person that are entitled to a preference or priority over any
other capital stock issued by such Person with respect to any distribution of
such Person's assets, whether by dividend or upon any voluntary or involuntary
liquidation, dissolution or winding up.

     "REDEMPTION DATE," when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed,
in whole or in part, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to
this Indenture.

                                        8
<Page>

     "REDEMPTION PRICE," when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed,
means the price specified in the related Officers' Certificate or supplemental
indenture contemplated by and pursuant to Section 301, at which it is to be
redeemed pursuant to this Indenture.

     "REFERENCE DATE" has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

     "REGISTERED SECURITY" shall mean any Security which is registered in the
Security Register.

     "REGULAR RECORD DATE" for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date
on the Registered Securities of or within any series means the date specified
for that purpose as contemplated by Section 301, whether or not a Business Day.

     "REPAYMENT DATE" means, when used with respect to any Security to be repaid
at the option of the Holder, the date fixed for such repayment by or pursuant to
this Indenture.

     "REPAYMENT PRICE" means, when used with respect to any Security to be
repaid at the option of the Holder, the price at which it is to be repaid by or
pursuant to this Indenture.

     "RESPONSIBLE OFFICER," when used with respect to the Trustee, means any
senior vice president, vice president (whether or not designated by a number or
a word or words added before or after the title "vice president"), assistant
vice president, assistant secretary, trust officer or assistant trust officer
working in its Corporate Trust Department, or any other officer of the Trustee
customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above
designated officers and working in its Corporate Trust Department, and also
means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to
whom such matter is referred because of such officer's knowledge and familiarity
with the particular subject.

     "RIGHTS" has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

     "RIGHTS RECORD DATE" has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

     "SECURITY" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture
and, more particularly, means any Security or Securities authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, if at any time there is
more than one Person acting as Trustee under this Indenture, "Securities" with
respect to the Indenture as to which such Person is Trustee shall have the
meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and shall more
particularly mean Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture,
exclusive, however, of Securities of any series as to which such Person is not
Trustee.

     "SECURITY REGISTER" and "SECURITY REGISTRAR" have the respective meanings
specified in Section 305.

     "SHORT TERM RIGHTS" has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

                                        9
<Page>

     "SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARY" means any Subsidiary which is a "significant
subsidiary" (as defined in Article I, Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X, promulgated
under the Securities Act of 1933) of the Company.

     "SPECIAL RECORD DATE" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest on the
Registered Securities of or within any series means a date fixed by the Company
pursuant to Section 307.

     "STATED MATURITY," when used with respect to any Security or any
installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified
in such Security or a coupon representing such installment of interest as the
fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of
principal or interest is due and payable.

     "SUBSIDIARY" means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, limited
liability company, partnership or other entity of which a majority of (i) the
voting power of the voting equity securities or (ii) the outstanding equity
interests are owned, directly or indirectly, by such Person. For the purposes of
this definition, "voting equity securities" means equity securities having
voting power for the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long
as no senior class of security has such voting power by reason of any
contingency.

     "TRADING DAY" means any day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open
for business.

     "TRIGGER EVENTS" has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

     "TRUST INDENTURE ACT" or "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as
amended and as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed,
except as provided in Section 905.

     "TRUSTEE" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first paragraph of
this Indenture until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the
applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Trustee" shall mean or
include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if
at any time there is more than one such Person, "Trustee" as used with respect
to the Securities of any series shall mean only the Trustee with respect to
Securities of that series.

     "UNADJUSTED DISTRIBUTION" has the meaning specified in Section 1604.

     "UNITED STATES" means, unless otherwise specified with respect to any
Securities pursuant to Section 301, the United States of America (including the
states and the District of Columbia), its territories, its possessions and other
areas subject to its jurisdiction.

     "UNITED STATES PERSON" means, unless otherwise specified with respect to
any Securities pursuant to Section 301, an individual who is a citizen or
resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership or other entity
created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or an estate or
trust the income of which is subject to United States Federal income taxation
regardless of its source.

                                       10
<Page>

     "YIELD TO MATURITY" means the yield to maturity, computed at the time of
issuance of a Security (or, if applicable, at the most recent redetermination of
interest on such Security) and as set forth in such Security in accordance with
generally accepted United States bond yield computation principles.

     SECTION 102.   COMPLIANCE CERTIFICATES AND OPINIONS. Upon any application
or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision
of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this
Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion
of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions
precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such
application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is
specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such
particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be
furnished.

     Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or
covenant provided for in this Indenture (including certificates delivered
pursuant to Section 1008) shall include:

          (1)  a statement that each individual signing such certificate or
     opinion has read such condition or covenant and the definitions herein
     relating thereto;

          (2)  a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination
     or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such
     certificate or opinion are based;

          (3)  a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has
     made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to
     express an informed opinion as to whether or not such condition or covenant
     has been complied with; and

          (4)  a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such
     individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

     SECTION 103.   FORM OF DOCUMENTS DELIVERED TO TRUSTEE. In any case where
several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of,
any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by,
or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified
or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an
opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to
other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such
matters in one or several documents.

     Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based,
insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon an Opinion of Counsel, or a
certificate or representations by counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the
exercise of reasonable care should know, that the opinion, certificate or
representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or
opinion is based are erroneous. Any such Opinion of Counsel or certificate or
representations may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a
certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the
Company stating that the information as to such factual matters is

                                       11
<Page>

in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise
of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or
representations with respect to such matters are erroneous.

     Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more
applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and
form one instrument.

     SECTION 104.   ACTS OF HOLDERS.

          (a)  Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by
Holders of the Outstanding Securities of all series or one or more series, as
the case may be, may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of
substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agents duly
appointed in writing. If Securities of a series are issuable as Bearer
Securities, any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by
Holders of Securities of such series may, alternatively, be embodied in and
evidenced by the record of Holders of Securities of such series voting in favor
thereof, either in person or by proxies duly appointed in writing, at any
meeting of Holders of Securities of such series duly called and held in
accordance with the provisions of Article Fifteen, or a combination of such
instruments and any such record. Except as herein otherwise expressly provided,
such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments or record
or both are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required,
to the Company. Such instrument or instruments and any such record (and the
action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to
as the "Act" of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments or so voting
at any such meeting. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing
appointing any such agent, or of the holding by any Person of a Security, shall
be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and conclusive in favor of the
Trustee and the Company and any agent of the Trustee or the Company, if made in
the manner provided in this Section. The record of any meeting of Holders of
Securities shall be proved in the manner provided in Section 1506.

          (b)  The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such
instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such
execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by
law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing
such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such
execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual
capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof
of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or
writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved
in any other reasonable manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

          (c)  The ownership of Registered Securities shall be proved by the
Security Register. As to any matter relating to beneficial ownership interests
in any Global Security, the appropriate depository's records shall be
dispositive for purposes of this Indenture.

                                       12
<Page>

          (d)  The ownership of Bearer Securities may be proved by the
production of such Bearer Securities or by a certificate executed, as
depository, by any trust company, bank, banker or other depository, wherever
situated, if such certificate shall be deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory,
showing that at the date therein mentioned such Person had on deposit with such
depository, or exhibited to it, the Bearer Securities therein described; or such
facts may be proved by the certificate or affidavit of the Person holding such
Bearer Securities, if such certificate or affidavit is deemed by the Trustee to
be satisfactory. The Trustee and the Company may assume that such ownership of
any Bearer Security continues until (1) another certificate or affidavit bearing
a later date issued in respect of the same Bearer Security is produced, or (2)
such Bearer Security is produced to the Trustee by some other Person, or (3)
such Bearer Security is surrendered in exchange for a Registered Security, or
(4) such Bearer Security is no longer Outstanding. The ownership of Bearer
Securities may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems
sufficient.

          (e)  If the Company shall solicit from the Holders of Registered
Securities any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, in or pursuant to a Board
Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders
entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice,
consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so.
Notwithstanding TIA Section 316(c), such record date shall be the record date
specified in or pursuant to such Board Resolution, which shall be a date not
earlier than the date 30 days prior to the first solicitation of Holders
generally in connection therewith and not later than the date such solicitation
is completed. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given
before or after such record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of
business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of
determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding
Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that
purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be computed as of such record date;
PROVIDED that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such
record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant
to the provisions of this Indenture not later than eleven months after the
record date.

          (f)  Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder
of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the
registration of transfer thereof or upon the conversion thereof or in exchange
therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to
be done by the Trustee, any Security Registrar, any Paying Agent, any
Authenticating Agent or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation
of such action is made upon such Security.

     SECTION 105.   NOTICES, ETC., TO TRUSTEE AND COMPANY. Any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other
document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or
furnished to, or filed with,

                                       13
<Page>

          (1)  the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient
     for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing
     to or with the Trustee at [_________________________]; or

          (2)  the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient
     for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if
     in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Company
     addressed to it at the address of its principal office specified in the
     first paragraph of this Indenture or at any other address previously
     furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company; or

          (3)  either the Trustee or the Company, by the other party, shall be
     sufficient for every purpose hereunder if given by facsimile transmission,
     receipt confirmed by telephone followed by an original copy delivered by
     guaranteed overnight courier; if to the Trustee at facsimile number
     [__________]; and if to the Company at facsimile number [(978) 688-5841].

     SECTION 106.   NOTICE TO HOLDERS; WAIVER. Where this Indenture provides for
notice of any event to Holders of Registered Securities by the Company or the
Trustee, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein
expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to
each such Holder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the
Security Register, not later than the latest date, if any, and not earlier than
the earliest date, if any, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case
where notice to Holders of Registered Securities is given by mail, neither the
failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any
particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to
other Holders of Registered Securities or the sufficiency of any notice to
Holders of Bearer Securities given as provided herein. Any notice mailed to a
Holder in the manner herein prescribed shall be conclusively deemed to have been
received by such Holder, whether or not such Holder actually receives such
notice.

     If by reason of the suspension of or irregularities in regular mail service
or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by
mail, then such notification to Holders of Registered Securities as shall be
made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification
to such Holders for every purpose hereunder.

     Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or otherwise specified with
respect to any Securities pursuant to Section 301, where this Indenture provides
for notice to Holders of Bearer Securities of any event, such notice shall be
sufficiently given if published in an Authorized Newspaper in The City of New
York and in such other city or cities as may be specified in such Securities on
a Business Day, such publication to be not later than the latest date, if any,
and not earlier than the earliest date, if any, prescribed for the giving of
such notice. Any such notice shall be deemed to have been given on the date of
such publication or, if published more than once, on the date of the first such
publication.

     If by reason of the suspension of publication of any Authorized Newspaper
or Authorized Newspapers or by reason of any other cause it shall be
impracticable to publish any notice to Holders of Bearer Securities as provided
above, then such notification to Holders of Bearer Securities as shall be given
with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute sufficient notice to such
Holders for every purpose hereunder. Neither the failure to give notice by
publication to

                                       14
<Page>

any particular Holder of Bearer Securities as provided above, nor any defect in
any notice so published, shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with
respect to other Holders of Bearer Securities or the sufficiency of any notice
to Holders of Registered Securities given as provided herein.

     Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver
required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English language,
except that any published notice may be in an official language of the country
of publication.

     Where this Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be
waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before
or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice.
Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing
shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in
reliance upon such waiver.

     SECTION 107.   COUNTERPARTS; EFFECT OF HEADINGS AND TABLE OF CONTENTS. This
Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so
executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall
together constitute but one and the same Indenture. The Article and Section
headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not
affect the construction hereof.

     SECTION 108.   SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. All covenants and agreements in this
Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so
expressed or not.

     SECTION 109.   SEVERABILITY CLAUSE. In case any provision in this Indenture
or in any Security or coupon shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable,
the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not
in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

     SECTION 110.   BENEFITS OF INDENTURE. Nothing in this Indenture or in the
Securities or coupons, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than
the parties hereto, any Security Registrar, any Paying Agent, any Authenticating
Agent and their successors hereunder and the Holders any benefit or any legal or
equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.

     SECTION 111.   GOVERNING LAW. This Indenture and the Securities and coupons
shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the law of the State of
New York. This Indenture is subject to the provisions of the TIA that are
required to be part of this Indenture and shall, to the extent applicable, be
governed by such provisions.

     SECTION 112.   LEGAL HOLIDAYS. In any case where any Interest Payment Date,
Redemption Date, Repayment Date, sinking fund payment date, Stated Maturity or
Maturity of any Security or the last date on which a Holder has the right to
convert or exchange a Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of
Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or any
Security or coupon other than a provision in the Securities of any series which
specifically states that such provision shall apply in lieu hereof), payment of
interest or principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or conversion
or exchange of such security need not be made at such Place of Payment on such
date, but (except as otherwise

                                       15
<Page>

provided in the supplemental indenture with respect to such Security) may be
made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same
force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date,
Repayment Date or sinking fund payment date, or at the Stated Maturity or
Maturity, or on such last day for conversion or exchange, provided that no
interest shall accrue on the amount so payable for the period from and after
such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date, Repayment Date, sinking fund
payment date, Stated Maturity or Maturity, as the case may be.

     SECTION 113.   IMMUNITY OF STOCKHOLDERS, DIRECTORS, OFFICERS AND AGENTS OF
THE COMPANY. No recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement
contained in this Indenture, or in any Security, or because of any indebtedness
evidenced thereby, shall be had against any past, present or future stockholder,
employee, officer or director, as such, of the Company or of any successor,
either directly or through the Company or any successor, under any rule of law,
statute or constitutional provision or by the enforcement of any assessment or
by any legal or equitable proceeding or otherwise, all such liability being
expressly waived and released by the acceptance of the Securities by the Holders
and as part of the consideration for the issue of the Securities.

     SECTION 114.   CONFLICT WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT. If any provision hereof
limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof which is required
or deemed to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the Trust
Indenture Act, such required provision shall control. If any provision of this
Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act that may
be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to
this Indenture as so modified or to be excluded, as the case may be.

                         ARTICLE TWO - SECURITIES FORMS

     SECTION 201.   FORMS OF SECURITIES. The Registered Securities, if any, of
each series and the Bearer Securities, if any, of each series and related
coupons shall be substantially in the form of EXHIBIT A hereto or in such other
form as shall be established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto or
approved from time to time by or pursuant to a Board Resolution in accordance
with Section 301, shall have such appropriate insertions, omissions,
substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this
Indenture or any indenture supplemental hereto, and may have such letters,
numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or
endorsements placed thereon as the Company may deem appropriate and as are not
inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture, or as may be required to
comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with
any rule or regulation of any over-the-counter market or securities exchange on
which the Securities may be quoted or listed, or to conform to usage.

     Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, Bearer
Securities shall have interest coupons attached.

     The definitive Securities and coupons shall be printed, lithographed or
engraved or produced by any combination of these methods on a steel engraved
border or steel engraved borders or mechanically reproduced on safety paper or
may be produced in any other manner, all

                                       16
<Page>

as determined by the officers executing such Securities or coupons, as evidenced
by their execution of such Securities or coupons.

     SECTION 202.   FORM OF TRUSTEE'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION. Subject to
Section 611, the Trustee's certificate of authentication shall be in
substantially the following form:

     This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to
in the within- mentioned Indenture.

                                             [_________________________],
                                               as Trustee

Dated:                                       By:
      ---------------                            -------------------------------
                                                      Authorized Signatory

     SECTION 203.   SECURITIES ISSUABLE IN GLOBAL FORM. If Securities of or
within a series are issuable in the form of one or more Global Securities, then,
notwithstanding clause (8) of Section 301 and the provisions of Section 302, any
such Global Security or Securities may provide that it or they shall represent
the aggregate amount of all Outstanding Securities of such series (or such
lesser amount as is permitted by the terms thereof) from time to time endorsed
thereon and may also provide that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities
of such series represented thereby may from time to time be increased or
decreased to reflect exchanges. Any endorsement of any Global Security to
reflect the amount, or any increase or decrease in the amount, or changes in the
rights of Holders thereof, of Outstanding Securities represented thereby shall
be made (or caused to be made) by the Trustee in such manner or by such Person
or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the Company Order to be delivered
to the Trustee pursuant to Section 303 or 304. Subject to the provisions of
Section 303 and, if applicable, Section 304, the Trustee shall deliver and
redeliver any Global Security in permanent global form in the manner and upon
instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in the
applicable Company Order. If a Company Order pursuant to Section 303 or 304 has
been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company with
respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Global Security shall be
in writing but need not comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by
an Opinion of Counsel.

     The provisions of the last sentence of Section 303 shall apply to any
Security represented by a Global Security if such Security was never issued and
sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the Trustee the Global Security
together with written instructions (which need not comply with Section 102 and
need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) with regard to the reduction
in the principal amount of Securities represented thereby, together with the
written statement contemplated by the last sentence of Section 303.

     Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 307, unless otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 301, payment of principal of and any premium or
Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest on any Global Security in permanent
global form shall be made to the registered Holder thereof.

                                       17
<Page>

     Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 308 and except as provided in the
preceding paragraph, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company and
the Trustee shall treat as the Holder of such principal amount of Outstanding
Securities represented by a permanent Global Security (i) in the case of a
permanent Global Security in registered form, the Holder of such permanent
Global Security in registered form, or (ii) in the case of a permanent Global
Security in bearer form, Euroclear or Clearstream.

     Any Global Security authenticated and delivered hereunder shall bear a
legend in substantially the following form:

     "This Security is a Global Security within the meaning set forth in the
Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of a Depository
or a nominee of a Depository. This Security is exchangeable for Securities
registered in the name of a person other than the Depository or its nominee only
in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and may not be
transferred except as a whole by the Depository to a nominee of the Depository
or by a nominee of the Depository to the Depository or another nominee of the
Depository or by the Depository or its nominee to a successor Depository or its
nominee."

                         ARTICLE THREE - THE SECURITIES

     SECTION 301.   AMOUNT UNLIMITED; ISSUABLE IN SERIES. The aggregate
principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture is unlimited.

     The Securities may be issued in one or more series. There shall be
established in one or more Board Resolutions or pursuant to authority granted by
one or more Board Resolutions and, subject to Section 303, set forth in an
Officers' Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental
hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series:

          (1)  The title of the Securities of the series (which shall
     distinguish the Securities of such series from all other series of
     Securities);

          (2)  Any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities
     of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture
     (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of
     transfer of, or upon conversion of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of,
     other Securities of the series pursuant to Section 304, 305, 306, 906, 1107
     or 1305) and the minimum authorized denominations with respect to the
     Securities of such series;

          (3)  The price (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount
     thereof) at which such Securities will be issued and, if other than the
     principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof
     payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof or (if
     applicable) the portion of the principal amount of such Securities that is
     convertible into Common Stock or the method by which any such portion shall
     be determined.

          (4)  If convertible, the terms on which such Securities are
     convertible, including the initial conversion price or rate and the
     conversion period and any applicable

                                       18
<Page>

     limitations on the ownership or transferability of Common Stock or
     Preferred Stock receivable on conversion;

          (5)  The date or dates, or the method for determining such date or
     dates, on which the principal of such Securities will be payable;

          (6)  The rate or rates (which may be fixed or variable), or the method
     by which such rate or rates shall be determined, at which such Securities
     will bear interest, if any;

          (7)  The date or dates, or the method for determining such date or
     dates, from which any such interest will accrue, the dates on which any
     such interest will be payable, the record dates for such interest payment
     dates, or the method by which such dates shall be determined, the persons
     to whom such interest shall be payable, and the basis upon which interest
     shall be calculated if other than that of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day
     months;

          (8)  The Make-Whole Amount, if any, or method for determining the
     Make-Whole Amount, if any, payable with respect to such Securities, and the
     terms upon which such amount, if any, will be payable;

          (9)  The place or places where the principal of (and premium or
     Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities will be
     payable, where such Securities may be surrendered for registration of
     transfer or conversion or exchange and where notices or demands to or upon
     the Company in respect of such Securities and this Indenture may be served;

          (10) The period or periods, if any, within which, the price or prices
     at which and the other terms and conditions upon which such Securities may,
     pursuant to any optional or mandatory redemption provisions, be redeemed,
     as a whole or in part, at the option of the Company;

          (11) The obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem, repay or
     purchase such Securities pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous
     provision or at the option of a holder thereof, and the period or periods
     within which, the price or prices at which and the other terms and
     conditions upon which such Securities will be redeemed, repaid or
     purchased, as a whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;

          (12) If other than Dollars, the currency or currencies in which such
     Securities are denominated and payable, which may be a foreign currency or
     units of two or more foreign currencies or a composite currency or
     currencies, the manner of determining the equivalent thereof in Dollars for
     purposes of the definition of "Outstanding" in Section 101, and the terms
     and conditions relating thereto;

          (13) Whether the amount of payments of principal of (and premium or
     Make-Whole Amount, if any, including any amount due upon redemption, if
     any) or interest, if any, on such Securities may be determined with
     reference to an index, formula or other method (which index, formula or
     method may, but need not be, based on the yield on or trading price of
     other securities, including United States Treasury securities or on a
     currency, currencies, currency unit or units, or composite currency or
     currencies) and the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;

                                       19
<Page>

          (14) Whether the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if
     any) or interest on the Securities of the series are to be payable, at the
     election of the Company or a Holder thereof, in a currency or currencies,
     currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies other than that
     in which such Securities are denominated or stated to be payable, the
     period or periods within which, and the terms and conditions upon which,
     such election may be made, and the time and manner of, and identity of the
     exchange rate agent with responsibility for, determining the exchange rate
     between the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite
     currency or currencies in which such Securities are denominated or stated
     to be payable and the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or
     composite currency or currencies in which such Securities are to be so
     payable;

          (15) Provisions, if any, granting special rights to the Holders of
     Securities of the series upon the occurrence of such events as may be
     specified;

          (16) Any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events
     of Default or covenants of the Company with respect to Securities of the
     series, whether or not such Events of Default or covenants are consistent
     with the Events of Default or covenants set forth herein;

          (17) Whether and under what circumstances the Company will pay any
     additional amounts on such Securities in respect of any tax, assessment or
     governmental charge and, if so, whether the Company will have the option to
     redeem such Securities in lieu of making such payment;

          (18) Whether Securities of the series are to be issuable as Registered
     Securities, Bearer Securities (with or without coupons) or both, any
     restrictions applicable to the offer, sale or delivery of Bearer Securities
     and the terms upon which Bearer Securities of the series may be exchanged
     for Registered Securities of the series and vice versa (if permitted by
     applicable laws and regulations), whether any Securities of the series are
     to be issuable initially in temporary global form and whether any
     Securities of the series are to be issuable in permanent global form with
     or without coupons and, if so, whether beneficial owners of interests in
     any such permanent global Security may, or shall be required to, exchange
     such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor of any
     authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under which any such
     exchanges may, or shall be required to, occur, if other than in the manner
     provided in the Indenture, and, if Registered Securities of the series are
     to be issuable as a Global Security, the identity of the depository for
     such series;

          (19) The date as of which any Bearer Securities of the series and any
     temporary Global Security representing outstanding Securities of the series
     shall be dated if other than the date of original issuance of the first
     Security of the series to be issued;

          (20) The Person to whom any interest on any Registered Security of the
     series shall be payable, if other than the Person in whose name that
     Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close
     of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, the manner in
     which, or the Person to whom, any interest on any Bearer Security of the
     series shall be payable, if otherwise than upon presentation and surrender
     of the coupons appertaining thereto as they severally mature, and the
     extent to which, or

                                       20
<Page>

     the manner in which, any interest payable on a temporary Global Security on
     an Interest Payment Date will be paid if other than in the manner provided
     herein; provided, however, in each case, that the manner of determining
     such Person or making such payment shall be acceptable to the Trustee (as
     not imposing on it any undue administrative burden or risk of liability);

          (21) The applicability, if any, of the Defeasance and Covenant
     Defeasance provisions of Article Fourteen hereof to the Securities of the
     series;

          (22) The obligation, if any, of the Company to permit the conversion
     of the Securities of such series into Common Stock or Preferred Stock, as
     the case may be, and the terms and conditions upon which such conversion
     shall be effected (including, without limitation, the initial conversion
     price or rate, the conversion period, any adjustment of the applicable
     conversion price and any requirements relative to the reservation of such
     shares for purposes of conversion);

          (23) If the Securities of such series are to be issuable in definitive
     form (whether upon original issue or upon exchange of a temporary Security
     of such series) only upon receipt of certain certificates or other
     documents or satisfaction of other conditions, then the form and/or terms
     of such certificates, documents or conditions;

          (24) Designation of the Trustee, if different from the Trustee under
     the Indenture, with respect to such series and the terms applicable to such
     Trustee (which shall be accepted by such Trustee by its execution and
     delivery of a supplemental indenture as provided therein);

          (25) Applicable CUSIP Numbers; and

          (26) Any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be
     inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture).

     All Securities of any one series and the coupons appertaining to any Bearer
Securities of such series shall be substantially identical except, in the case
of Registered Securities, as to denomination and except as may otherwise be
provided in or pursuant to such Board Resolution (subject to Section 303) and
set forth in such Officers' Certificate or in any such indenture supplemental
hereto. All Securities of any one series need not be issued at the same time
and, unless otherwise provided, a series may be reopened, without the consent of
the Holders, for issuances of additional Securities of such series.

     If any of the terms of the Securities of any series are established by
action taken pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions, a copy of an appropriate
record of such action(s) shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the
delivery of the Officers' Certificate setting forth the terms of the Securities
of such series.

     SECTION 302.   DENOMINATIONS. The Securities of each series shall be
issuable in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section
301. With respect to Securities of any series denominated in Dollars, in the
absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities of any series, the
Securities of such series, other than Global Securities

                                       21
<Page>

(which may be of any denomination), shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000
and any integral multiple thereof.

     SECTION 303.   EXECUTION, AUTHENTICATION, DELIVERY AND DATING. The
Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto shall be executed on behalf of
the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its
President, or one of its Vice Presidents, under its corporate seal reproduced
thereon, and attested by its Secretary or one of its Assistant Secretaries. The
signature of any of these officers on the Securities and coupons may be manual
or facsimile signatures of the present or any future such authorized officer and
may be imprinted or otherwise reproduced on the Securities.

     Securities or coupons bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of
individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind
the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to
hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or
did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities or coupons.

     At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this
Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series, together with any
coupon appertaining thereto, executed by the Company to the Trustee for
authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and
delivery of such Securities (accompanied by a copy of the Board Resolution and
the Officers' Certificate or supplemental indenture contemplated by Section
301), and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate
and deliver such Securities; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, in connection with its
original issuance, no Bearer Security shall be mailed or otherwise delivered to
any location in the United States; and PROVIDED FURTHER that, unless otherwise
specified with respect to any series of Securities pursuant to Section 301, a
Bearer Security may be delivered in connection with its original issuance only
if the Person entitled to receive such Bearer Security shall have furnished a
certificate to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, in the form set
forth in EXHIBIT B-1 to this Indenture or such other certificate as may be
specified by the Company with respect to any series of Securities pursuant to
Section 301, dated no earlier than 15 days prior to the earlier of the date on
which such Bearer Security is delivered and the date on which any temporary
Security first becomes exchangeable for such Bearer Security in accordance with
the terms of such temporary Security and this Indenture. If any Security shall
be represented by a permanent global Bearer Security, then, for purposes of this
Section and Section 304, the notation of a beneficial owner's interest therein
upon original issuance of such Security or upon exchange of a portion of a
temporary Global Security shall be deemed to be delivery in connection with its
original issuance of such beneficial owner's interest in such permanent Global
Security. Except as permitted by Section 306, the Trustee shall not authenticate
and deliver any Bearer Security unless all appurtenant coupons for interest then
matured have been detached and canceled.

     If all the Securities of any series are not to be issued at one time and if
the Board Resolution or supplemental indenture establishing such series shall so
permit, such Company Order may set forth procedures acceptable to the Trustee
for the issuance of such Securities and determining the terms of particular
Securities of such series, such as interest rate or formula, maturity date, date
of issuance and date from which interest shall accrue. In authenticating such
Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture
in relation to such

                                       22
<Page>

Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to TIA
Section 315(a) through 315(d)) shall be fully protected in relying upon,

               (i)     an Opinion of Counsel stating that

                       (a)    the form or forms of such Securities and any
               coupons have been established in conformity with the provisions
               of this Indenture;

                       (b)    the terms of such Securities and any coupons have
               been established in conformity with the provisions of this
               Indenture; and

                       (c)    such Securities, together with any coupons
               appertaining thereto, when completed by appropriate insertions
               and executed and delivered by the Company to the Trustee for
               authentication in accordance with this Indenture, authenticated
               and delivered by the Trustee in accordance with this Indenture
               and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any
               conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute
               legal, valid and legally binding obligations of the Company,
               enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to applicable
               bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization and
               other similar laws of general applicability relating to or
               affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and to
               general equitable principles; and

               (ii)    an Officers' Certificate stating that all conditions
          precedent provided for in this Indenture relating to the issuance of
          the Securities have been complied with and that, to the best of the
          knowledge of the signers of such certificate, that no Event of Default
          with respect to any of the Securities shall have occurred and be
          continuing.

     If such form or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be
required to authenticate such Securities (or to enter into the related
supplemental indenture, if applicable) if the issue of such Securities pursuant
to this Indenture will affect the Trustee's own rights, duties, obligations or
immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner
which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

     Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 301 and of the preceding
paragraph, if all the Securities of any series are not to be issued at one time,
it shall not be necessary to deliver an Officers' Certificate otherwise required
pursuant to Section 301 or a Company Order, or an Opinion of Counsel or an
Officers' Certificate otherwise required pursuant to the preceding paragraph at
the time of issuance of each Security of such series, but such order, opinion
and certificates, with appropriate modifications to cover such future issuances,
shall be delivered at or before the time of issuance of the first Security of
such series.

     Each Registered Security shall be dated the date of its authentication and
each Bearer Security shall be dated as of the date specified as contemplated by
Section 301.

                                       23
<Page>

     No Security or coupon shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture
or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security
or Security to which such coupon appertains a certificate of authentication
substantially in the form provided for herein duly executed by the Trustee
(subject to Section 611) by manual signature of an authorized signatory, and
such certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only
evidence, that such Security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder
and is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, if any Security (including a Global Security) shall have been
authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company,
and the Company shall deliver such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as
provided in Section 309 together with a written statement (which need not comply
with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) stating
that such Security has never been issued and sold by the Company, for all
purposes of this Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been
authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the
benefits of this Indenture.

     SECTION 304.   TEMPORARY SECURITIES.

          (a)  Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series,
the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate
and deliver, temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten,
mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination,
substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they
are issued, in registered form, or, if authorized, in bearer form with one or
more coupons or without coupons, and with such appropriate insertions,
omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such
Securities may determine, as conclusively evidenced by their execution of such
Securities. In the case of Securities of any series, such temporary Securities
may be in global form.

     Except in the case of temporary Global Securities (which shall be exchanged
as otherwise provided herein or as otherwise provided in or pursuant to a Board
Resolution or supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 301), if temporary
Securities of any series are issued, the Company will cause definitive
Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the
preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of
such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series upon
surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the office or agency of
the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder.
Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any
series (accompanied by any non-matured coupons appertaining thereto), the
Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange
therefor a like principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of
authorized denominations; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no definitive Bearer Security
shall be delivered in exchange for a temporary Registered Security; and PROVIDED
FURTHER that a definitive Bearer Security shall be delivered in exchange for a
temporary Bearer Security only in compliance with the conditions set forth in
Section 303. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall in
all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive
Securities of such series.

                                       24
<Page>

          (b)  Unless otherwise provided in or pursuant to a Board Resolution or
supplemental indenture pursuant to Section 301, the following provisions of this
Section 304(b) shall govern the exchange of temporary Securities other than
through the facilities of the DTC. If any such temporary Security is issued in
global form, then such temporary Global Security shall, unless otherwise
provided therein, be delivered to the London office of a depository or common
depository upon and pursuant to written direction of the Company (the "Common
Depository"), for the benefit of Euroclear and Clearstream, for credit to the
respective accounts of the beneficial owners of such Securities (or to such
other accounts as they may direct).

     Without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the date
specified in, or determined pursuant to the terms of, any such temporary Global
Security (the "Exchange Date"), the Company shall deliver to the Trustee
definitive Securities, in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal
amount of such temporary Global Security, executed by the Company. On or after
the Exchange Date, such temporary Global Security shall be surrendered by the
Common Depository to the Trustee, as the Company's agent for such purpose, to be
exchanged, in whole or from time to time in part, for definitive Securities
without charge, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange for
each portion of such temporary Global Security, an equal aggregate principal
amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations
and of like tenor as the portion of such temporary Global Security to be
exchanged. The definitive Securities to be delivered in exchange for any such
temporary Global Security shall be in bearer form, registered form, permanent
global bearer form or permanent global registered form, or any combination
thereof, as specified as contemplated by Section 301, and, if any combination
thereof is so specified, as requested by the beneficial owner thereof (as
directed by or pursuant to information provided by the Common Depository);
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, unless otherwise specified in such temporary Global
Security, upon such presentation by the Common Depository, such temporary Global
Security shall be accompanied by a certificate dated the Exchange Date or a
subsequent date and signed by Euroclear as to the portion of such temporary
Global Security held for its account then to be exchanged and a certificate
dated the Exchange Date or a subsequent date and signed by Clearstream as to the
portion of such temporary Global Security held for its account then to be
exchanged, each in the form set forth in EXHIBIT B-2 to this Indenture or in
such other form as may be established pursuant to Section 301; and PROVIDED
FURTHER that definitive Bearer Securities shall be delivered in exchange for a
portion of a temporary Global Security only in compliance with the requirements
of Section 303.

     Unless otherwise specified in such temporary Global Security, the interest
of a beneficial owner of Securities of a series in a temporary Global Security
shall be exchanged for definitive Securities of the same series and of like
tenor following the Exchange Date when the account holder instructs Euroclear or
Clearstream, as the case may be, to request such exchange on his behalf and
delivers to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, a certificate in the
form set forth in EXHIBIT B-1 to this Indenture (or in such other form as may be
established pursuant to Section 301), dated no earlier than 15 days prior to the
Exchange Date, copies of which certificate shall be available from the offices
of Euroclear and Clearstream, the Trustee, any Authenticating Agent appointed
for such series of Securities and each Paying Agent. Unless otherwise specified
in such temporary Global Security, any such exchange shall be made free of
charge to the beneficial owners of such temporary Global Security, except that a
Person

                                       25
<Page>

receiving definitive Securities must bear the cost of insurance, postage,
transportation and the like unless such Person takes delivery of such definitive
Securities in person at the offices of Euroclear or Clearstream. Definitive
Securities in bearer form to be delivered in exchange for any portion of a
temporary Global Security shall be delivered only to an address located outside
the United States.

     Until exchanged in full as hereinabove provided, the temporary Securities
of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this
Indenture as definitive Securities of the same series and of like tenor
authenticated and delivered hereunder, except that, unless otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 301, interest payable on a temporary Global Security
on an Interest Payment Date for Securities of such series occurring prior to the
applicable Exchange Date shall be payable to Euroclear and Clearstream on such
Interest Payment Date upon delivery by Euroclear and Clearstream to the Trustee
of a certificate or certificates in the form set forth in EXHIBIT B-2 to this
Indenture (or in such other forms as may be established pursuant to Section
301), for credit without further interest on or after such Interest Payment Date
to the respective accounts of Persons who are the beneficial owners of such
temporary Global Security on such Interest Payment Date and who have each
delivered to Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, a certificate dated
no earlier than 15 days prior to the Interest Payment Date occurring prior to
such Exchange Date in the form set forth as EXHIBIT B-1 to this Indenture (or in
such other forms as may be established pursuant to Section 301). Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary herein contained, the certifications made pursuant to
this paragraph shall satisfy the certification requirements of the preceding two
paragraphs of this Section 304(b) and of the third paragraph of Section 303 of
this Indenture and the interests of the Persons who are the beneficial owners of
the temporary Global Security with respect to which such certification was made
will be exchanged for definitive Securities of the same series and of like tenor
on the Exchange Date or the date of certification if such date occurs after the
Exchange Date, without further act or deed by such beneficial owners. Except as
otherwise provided in this paragraph, no payments of principal or interest owing
with respect to a beneficial interest in a temporary Global Security will be
made unless and until such interest in such temporary Global Security shall have
been exchanged for an interest in a definitive Security. Any interest so
received by Euroclear and Clearstream and not paid as herein provided shall be
returned to the Trustee prior to the expiration of two years after such Interest
Payment Date in order to be repaid to the Company.

     SECTION 305.   REGISTRATION, REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, CONVERSION AND
EXCHANGE. The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of
the Trustee or in any office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment a
register for each series of Securities (the registers maintained in such office
or in any such office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being
herein sometimes referred to collectively as the "Security Register") in which,
subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall
provide for the registration of Registered Securities and of transfers of
Registered Securities. The Security Register shall be in written form or any
other form capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable
time. The Trustee, at its Corporate Trust Office, is hereby initially appointed
"Security Registrar" for the purpose of registering Registered Securities and
transfers of Registered Securities on such Security Register as herein provided.
In the event that the Trustee

                                       26
<Page>

shall cease to be Security Registrar, it shall have the right to examine, and be
provided a copy of, the Security Register at all reasonable times.

     Subject to the provisions of this Section 305, upon surrender for
registration of transfer of any Registered Security of any series at any office
or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, the Company
shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of
the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Registered Securities
of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate
principal amount, bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding, and
containing identical terms and provisions.

     Subject to the provisions of this Section 305, at the option of the Holder,
Registered Securities of any series may be exchanged for other Registered
Securities of the same series, of any authorized denomination or denominations
and of a like aggregate principal amount, containing identical terms and
provisions, upon surrender of the Registered Securities to be exchanged at any
such office or agency. Whenever any such Registered Securities are so
surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver, the Registered Securities which the Holder making the
exchange is entitled to receive. Unless otherwise specified with respect to any
series of Securities as contemplated by Section 301, Bearer Securities may not
be issued in exchange for Registered Securities.

     If (but only if) permitted by the applicable Board Resolution and (subject
to Section 303) set forth in the applicable Officers' Certificate, or in any
indenture supplemental hereto, delivered as contemplated by Section 301, at the
option of the Holder, Bearer Securities of any series may be exchanged for
Registered Securities of the same series of any authorized denominations and of
a like aggregate principal amount and tenor, upon surrender of the Bearer
Securities to be exchanged at any such office or agency, with all unmatured
coupons and all matured coupons in default thereto appertaining. If the Holder
of a Bearer Security is unable to produce any such unmatured coupon or coupons
or matured coupon or coupons in default, any such permitted exchange may be
effected if the Bearer Securities are accompanied by payment in funds acceptable
to the Company in an amount equal to the face amount of such missing coupon or
coupons, or the surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the
Company and the Trustee if there is furnished to them such security or indemnity
as they may require to save each of them and any Paying Agent harmless. If
thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender to any Paying Agent any
such missing coupon in respect of which such a payment shall have been made,
such Holder shall be entitled to receive the amount of such payment; PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 1002, interest
represented by coupons shall be payable only upon presentation and surrender of
those coupons at an office or agency located outside the United States.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, in case a Bearer Security of any series is
surrendered at any such office or agency in a permitted exchange for a
Registered Security of the same series and like tenor after the close of
business at such office or agency on (i) any Regular Record Date and before the
opening of business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest Payment
Date, or (ii) any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such
office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted Interest,
such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the coupon relating to such
Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, and
interest or

                                       27
<Page>

Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, will not be payable on such Interest
Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of the
Registered Security issued in exchange for such Bearer Security, but will be
payable only to the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance with the
provisions of this Indenture. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for
exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to
receive.

     Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301, any permanent Global Security shall be exchangeable
only as provided in this paragraph. If the depository for any permanent Global
Security is DTC, then, unless the terms of such Global Security expressly permit
such Global Security to be exchanged in whole or in part for definitive
Securities, a Global Security may be transferred, in whole but not in part, only
to a nominee of DTC, or by a nominee of DTC to DTC, or to a successor to DTC for
such Global Security selected or approved by the Company or to a nominee of such
successor to DTC. If at any time DTC notifies the Company that it is unwilling
or unable to continue as depository for the applicable Global Security or
Securities or if at any time DTC ceases to be a clearing agency registered under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 if so required by applicable law or
regulation, the Company shall appoint a successor depository with respect to
such Global Security or Securities. If (x) a successor depository for such
Global Security or Securities is not appointed by the Company within 90 days
after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such unwillingness,
inability or ineligibility, (y) an Event of Default has occurred and is
continuing and the beneficial owners representing a majority in principal amount
of the applicable series of Securities represented by such Global Security or
Securities advise DTC to cease acting as depository for such Global Security or
Securities or (z) the Company, in its sole discretion, determines at any time
that all Outstanding Securities (but not less than all) of any series issued or
issuable in the form of one or more Global Securities shall no longer be
represented by such Global Security or Securities, then the Company shall
execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver definitive Securities of
like series, rank, tenor and terms in definitive form in an aggregate principal
amount equal to the principal amount of such Global Security or Securities. If
any beneficial owner of an interest in a permanent global Security is otherwise
entitled to exchange such interest for Securities of such series and of like
tenor and principal amount of another authorized form and denomination, as
specified as contemplated by Section 301 and provided that any applicable notice
provided in the permanent Global Security shall have been given, then without
unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the earliest date on which
such interest may be so exchanged, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee
shall authenticate and deliver definitive Securities in aggregate principal
amount equal to the principal amount of such beneficial owner's interest in such
permanent Global Security. On or after the earliest date on which such interests
may be so exchanged, such permanent Global Security shall be surrendered for
exchange by DTC or such other depository as shall be specified in the Company
Order with respect thereto to the Trustee, as the Company's agent for such
purpose; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such exchanges may occur during a period
beginning at the opening of business 15 days before any selection of Securities
to be redeemed and ending on the relevant Redemption Date if the Security for
which exchange is requested may be among those selected for redemption; and
PROVIDED FURTHER that no Bearer Security delivered in exchange for a portion of
a permanent Global Security shall be mailed or otherwise delivered to any
location in the United States. If a Registered Security is issued in exchange
for any portion of a permanent

                                       28
<Page>

Global Security after the close of business at the office or agency where such
exchange occurs on (i) any Regular Record Date and before the opening of
business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest Payment Date, or (ii)
any Special Record Date and the opening of business at such office or agency on
the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted Interest, interest or
Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, will not be payable on such Interest
Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of
such Registered Security, but will be payable on such Interest Payment Date or
proposed date for payment, as the case may be, only to the Person to whom
interest in respect of such portion of such permanent Global Security is payable
in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

     All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or conversion or
exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing
the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the
Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or conversion or
exchange.

     Every Registered Security presented or surrendered for registration of
transfer or for conversion, exchange or redemption shall (if so required by the
Company or the Security Registrar) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a
written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the
Security Registrar, duly executed by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly
authorized in writing.

     No service charge shall be made to the Holder for any registration of
transfer or conversion or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require
payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that
may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or conversion or
exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 304, 906, 1107
or 1305 not involving any transfer.

     The Company or the Trustee, as applicable, shall not be required (i) to
issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Security if such Security may be
among those selected for redemption during a period beginning at the opening of
business 15 days before selection of the Securities to be redeemed under Section
1103 and ending at the close of business on (A) if such Securities are issuable
only as Registered Securities, the day of the mailing of the relevant notice of
redemption and (B) if such Securities are issuable as Bearer Securities, the day
of the first publication of the relevant notice of redemption or, if such
Securities are also issuable as Registered Securities and there is no
publication, the mailing of the relevant notice of redemption, or (ii) to
register the transfer of or exchange any Registered Security so selected for
redemption in whole or in part, except, in the case of any Registered Security
to be redeemed in part, the portion thereof not to be redeemed, or (iii) to
exchange any Bearer Security so selected for redemption except that such a
Bearer Security may be exchanged for a Registered Security of that series and
like tenor, PROVIDED that such Registered Security shall be simultaneously
surrendered for redemption, or (iv) to issue, register the transfer of or
exchange any Security which has been surrendered for repayment at the option of
the Holder, except the portion, if any, of such Security not to be so repaid.

     SECTION 306.   MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST AND STOLEN SECURITIES. If any
mutilated Security or a Security with a mutilated coupon appertaining to it is
surrendered to the Trustee or

                                       29
<Page>

the Company, together with, in proper cases, such security or indemnity as may
be required by the Company or the Trustee to save each of them or any agent of
either of them harmless, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall
authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series
and principal amount, containing identical terms and provisions and bearing a
number not contemporaneously outstanding, with coupons corresponding to the
coupons, if any, appertaining to the surrendered Security.

     If there shall be delivered to the Company and to the Trustee (i) evidence
to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security or
coupon, and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save
each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of
notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security or coupon has been
acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its
request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such
destroyed, lost or stolen Security or in exchange for the Security to which a
destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains (with all appurtenant coupons not
destroyed, lost or stolen), a new Security of the same series and principal
amount, containing identical terms and provisions and bearing a number not
contemporaneously outstanding, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if
any, appertaining to such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to the Security
to which such destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains.

     Notwithstanding the provisions of the previous two paragraphs, in case any
such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security or coupon has become or is
about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of
issuing a new Security, with coupons corresponding to the coupons, if any,
appertaining to such destroyed, lost or stolen Security or to the Security to
which such destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains, pay such Security or
coupon; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that payment of principal of (and premium or
Make-Whole Amount, if any), and any interest on, Bearer Securities shall, except
as otherwise provided in Section 1002, be payable only at an office or agency
located outside the United States and, unless otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301, any interest on Bearer Securities shall be payable
only upon presentation and surrender of the coupons appertaining thereto.

     Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may
require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including
the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

     Every new Security of any series with its coupons, if any, issued pursuant
to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security, or in
exchange for a Security to which a destroyed, lost or stolen coupon appertains,
shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company,
whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security and its coupons, if any,
or the destroyed, lost or stolen coupon shall be at any time enforceable by
anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and
proportionately with any and all other Securities of that series and their
coupons, if any, duly issued hereunder.

                                       30
<Page>

     The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the
extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or
payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities or coupons.

     SECTION 307.   PAYMENT OF INTEREST; INTEREST RIGHTS PRESERVED. Except as
otherwise specified with respect to a series of Securities in accordance with
the provisions of Section 301, interest on any Registered Security that is
payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment
Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more
Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular
Record Date for such interest at the office or agency of the Company maintained
for such purpose pursuant to Section 1002; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that each
installment of interest on any Registered Security may at the Company's option
be paid by (i) mailing a check for such interest, payable to or upon the written
order of the Person entitled thereto pursuant to Section 308, to the address of
such Person as it appears on the Security Register or (ii) transfer to an
account maintained by the payee located inside the United States.

     Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301 with respect to
the Securities of any series, payment of interest may be made, in the case of a
Bearer Security, by transfer to an account maintained by the payee with a bank
located outside the United States.

     Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 301, every permanent
global Security will provide that interest, if any, payable on any Interest
Payment Date will be paid to DTC, Euroclear and/or Clearstream, as the case may
be, with respect to that portion of such permanent global Security held for its
account by Cede & Co. or the Common Depository, as the case may be, for the
purpose of permitting such party to credit the interest received by it in
respect of such permanent global Security to the accounts of the beneficial
owners thereof.

     In case a Bearer Security of any series is surrendered in exchange for a
Registered Security of such series after the close of business (at an office or
agency in a Place of Payment for such series) on any Regular Record Date and
before the opening of business (at such office or agency) on the next succeeding
Interest Payment Date, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the
coupon relating to such Interest Payment Date and interest will not be payable
on such Interest Payment Date in respect of the Registered Security issued in
exchange for such Bearer Security, but will be payable only to the Holder of
such coupon when due in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture.

     Except as otherwise specified with respect to a series of Securities in
accordance with the provisions of Section 301, any interest on any Registered
Security of any series that is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly
provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called "Defaulted Interest")
shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered Holder thereof on the
relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such
Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as
provided in clause (1) or (2) below:

          (1)  The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest
     to the Persons in whose names the Registered Securities of such series (or
     their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of
     business on a Special Record Date

                                       31
<Page>

     for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the
     following manner. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the
     amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Registered
     Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment (which shall
     not be less than 20 days after such notice is received by the Trustee), and
     at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of
     money in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite
     currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable
     (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities
     of such series) equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in
     respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory
     to the Trustee for such deposit on or prior to the date of the proposed
     payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of
     the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this clause provided.
     Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of
     such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less
     than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10
     days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed
     payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special
     Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause
     notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special
     Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each
     Holder of Registered Securities of such series at his address as it appears
     in the Security Register not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record
     Date. The Trustee may, in its discretion, in the name and at the expense of
     the Company, cause a similar notice to be published at least once in an
     Authorized Newspaper in each Place of Payment, but such publications shall
     not be a condition precedent to the establishment of such Special Record
     Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the
     Special Record Date therefor having been mailed as aforesaid, such
     Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the
     Registered Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor
     Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special Record
     Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following clause (2).
     In case a Bearer Security of any series is surrendered at the office or
     agency in a Place of Payment for such series in exchange for a Registered
     Security of such series after the close of business at such office or
     agency on any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at
     such office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of Defaulted
     Interest, such Bearer Security shall be surrendered without the coupon
     relating to such proposed date of payment and Defaulted Interest will not
     be payable on such proposed date of payment in respect of the Registered
     Security issued in exchange for such Bearer Security, but will be payable
     only to the Holder of such coupon when due in accordance with the
     provisions of this Indenture.

          (2)  The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the
     Registered Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not
     inconsistent with the requirements of any over-the-counter market or
     securities exchange on which such Securities may be quoted or listed, and
     upon such notice as may be required by such market or exchange, if, after
     notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant
     to this clause, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the
     Trustee.

                                       32
<Page>

     Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section and Section 305, each
Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or upon
conversion of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry
the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by
such other Security.

     SECTION 308.   PERSONS DEEMED OWNERS. Prior to due presentment of a
Registered Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and
any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such
Registered Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose
of receiving payment of principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any),
and (subject to Sections 305 and 307) interest on, such Registered Security and
for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Registered Security be
overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or
the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary. All such payments so
made to any such Person, or upon such Person's order, shall be valid, and, to
the extent of the sum or sums so paid, effectual to satisfy and discharge the
liability for money payable upon any such Security.

     Title to any Bearer Security and any coupons appertaining thereto shall
pass by delivery. The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the
Trustee may treat the Holder of any Bearer Security and the Holder of any coupon
as the absolute owner of such Security or coupon for the purpose of receiving
payment thereof or on account thereof and for all other purposes whatsoever,
whether or not such Security or coupon be overdue, and neither the Company, the
Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice
to the contrary.

     No holder of any beneficial interest in any Global Security held on its
behalf by a depository shall have any rights under this Indenture with respect
to such Global Security and such depository (which is the Holder of such
security) shall be treated by the Company, the Trustee, and any agent of the
Company or the Trustee as the owner of such Global Security for all purposes
whatsoever. None of the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent or the Security
Registrar will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the
records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interests of a Global Security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any
records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.

     Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Global Security, nothing
herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee, or any agent of the Company or
the Trustee, from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other
authorization furnished by any depository, as a Holder, with respect to such
Global Security or impair, as between such depository and owners of beneficial
interests in such Global Security, the operation of customary practices
governing the exercise of the rights of such depository (or its nominee) as
Holder of such Global Security.

     SECTION 309.   CANCELLATION. All Securities and coupons surrendered for
payment, redemption, repayment at the option of the Holder, registration of
transfer or conversion or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund
payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered
to the Trustee, and any such Securities and coupons surrendered directly to the
Trustee for any such purpose shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may
at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously
authenticated

                                       33
<Page>

and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner
whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee (or to any other Person for delivery
to the Trustee) for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated
hereunder which the Company has not issued and sold, and all Securities so
delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. If the Company shall so
acquire any of the Securities, however, such acquisition shall not operate as a
redemption or satisfaction of the indebtedness represented by such Securities
unless and until the same are surrendered to the Trustee for cancellation. No
Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities
cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this
Indenture. Cancelled Securities and coupons held by the Trustee shall be
disposed of by the Trustee in its customary manner.

     SECTION 310.   COMPUTATION OF INTEREST. Except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301 with respect to Securities of any series, interest
on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day
year consisting of twelve 30-day months.

     SECTION 311.   CUSIP NUMBERS. The Company in issuing the Securities may use
"CUSIP" numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use
"CUSIP" numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; PROVIDED
that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the
correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained
in any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other
identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall
not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will
promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the "CUSIP" numbers.

                    ARTICLE FOUR - SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE

     SECTION 401.   SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE OF INDENTURE. This Indenture
shall upon Company Request cease to be of further effect with respect to any
series of Securities specified in such Company Request (except as to any
surviving rights of registration of transfer or conversion or exchange of
Securities of such series herein expressly provided for), and the Trustee, upon
receipt of a Company Order, and at the expense of the Company, shall execute
instruments in form and substance satisfactory to the Trustee and the Company
acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture as to such series
when

          (1)  either

               (A)     all Securities of such series theretofore authenticated
          and delivered and all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto (other
          than (i) coupons appertaining to Bearer Securities surrendered for
          exchange for Registered Securities and maturing after such exchange,
          whose surrender is not required or has been waived as provided in
          Section 305, (ii) Securities and coupons of such series which have
          been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as
          provided in Section 306, (iii) coupons appertaining to Securities
          called for redemption and maturing after the relevant Redemption Date,
          whose surrender has been waived as provided in Section 1106, and (iv)
          Securities and coupons of such series for whose payment money has
          theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by
          the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged

                                       34
<Page>

          from such trust, as provided in Section 1003) have been delivered to
          the Trustee for cancellation; or

               (B)     all Securities of such series and, in the case of (i) or
          (ii) below, any coupons appertaining thereto not theretofore delivered
          to the Trustee for cancellation

               (i)     have become due and payable, or

               (ii)    will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity
          within one year, or

               (iii)   if redeemable at the option of the Company, are to be
          called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory
          to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee
          in the name, and at the expense, of the Company,

and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has irrevocably
deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for
the purpose an amount in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or
composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are
payable, sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such
Securities and such coupons not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation, for principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and
interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have
become due and payable) or to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the
case may be;

          (2)  the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable
     hereunder by the Company; and

          (3)  the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate
     and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent
     herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this
     Indenture as to such series have been complied with.

Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the
obligations of the Company to the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee under
Section 606, the obligations of the Company to any Authenticating Agent under
Section 611 and, if money shall have been deposited with and held by the Trustee
pursuant to subclause (B) of clause (1) of this Section, the obligations of the
Trustee under Section 402 and the last paragraph of Section 1003 shall survive
such satisfaction and discharge.

     SECTION 402.   APPLICATION OF TRUST FUNDS. Subject to the provisions of the
last paragraph of Section 1003, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to
Section 401 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the
provisions of the Securities, the coupons and this Indenture, to the payment,
either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its
own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto,
of the principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any), and any interest
for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee,
but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent
required by law.

                                       35
<Page>

                             ARTICLE FIVE - REMEDIES

     SECTION 501.   EVENTS OF DEFAULT. "Event of Default," wherever used herein
with respect to any particular series of Securities, means any one of the
following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether or
not it shall be voluntary or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or
pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or
regulation of any administrative or governmental body):

          (1)  default in the payment of any interest on any Security of that
     series or of any coupon appertaining thereto, when such interest or coupon
     becomes due and payable, and continuance of such default for a period of 30
     days; or

          (2)  default in the payment of the principal of (or premium or
     Make-Whole Amount, if any, on) any Security of that series when it becomes
     due and payable at its Maturity; or

          (3)  default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as
     due by the terms of any Security of that series; or

          (4)  default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or
     warranty of the Company in this Indenture with respect to any Security of
     that series (other than a covenant or warranty a default in whose
     performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt
     with), and continuance of such default or breach for a period of 60 days
     after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company
     by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least
     25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series a
     written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be
     remedied and stating that such notice is a "Notice of Default" hereunder;
     or

          (5)  default under any bond, debenture, note, mortgage, indenture or
     instrument under which there may be issued or by which there may be secured
     or evidenced any indebtedness for money borrowed by the Company (or by any
     Subsidiary, the repayment of which the Company has guaranteed or for which
     the Company is directly responsible or liable as obligor or guarantor),
     having an aggregate principal amount outstanding of at least $30,000,000,
     whether such indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created, which
     default shall have resulted in such indebtedness becoming or being declared
     due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise have become
     due and payable, without such indebtedness having been discharged, or such
     acceleration having been rescinded or annulled, within a period of 30 days
     after there shall have been given, by registered or certified mail, to the
     Company by the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of
     at least 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that
     series a written notice specifying such default and requiring the Company
     to cause such indebtedness to be discharged or cause such acceleration to
     be rescinded or annulled and stating that such notice is a "Notice of
     Default" hereunder; or

          (6)  the Company or any Significant Subsidiary pursuant to or within
     the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law:

                                       36
<Page>

               (A)     commences a voluntary case,

               (B)     consents to the entry of an order for relief against it
          in an involuntary case,

               (C)     consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for
          all or substantially all of its property, or

               (D)     makes a general assignment for the benefit of its
          creditors; or

          (7)  a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under
     any Bankruptcy Law that:

               (A)     is for relief against the Company or any Significant
          Subsidiary in an involuntary case,

               (B)     appoints a Custodian of the Company or any Significant
          Subsidiary or for all or substantially all of either of its property,
          or

               (C)     orders the liquidation of the Company or any Significant
          Subsidiary, and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for
          90 days; or

          (8)  any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of
     that series.

     As used in this Section 501, the term "Bankruptcy Law" means title 11, U.S.
Code or any similar Federal or state law for the relief of debtors and the term
"Custodian" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or other similar
official under any Bankruptcy Law.

     SECTION 502.   ACCELERATION OF MATURITY; RESCISSION AND ANNULMENT. If an
Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series at the time
Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then and in every such case the Trustee or
the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of that series may declare the principal amount (or, if Securities of
that Series are Original Issue Discount Securities or Indexed Securities, such
portion of the principal as may be specified in the terms thereof) of all the
Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately, by a notice in
writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by the Holders), and upon
any such declaration such principal or specified portion thereof shall become
immediately due and payable.

     At any time after such a declaration of acceleration with respect to
Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for
payment of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this
Article provided, the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of that series, by written notice to the Company and the
Trustee, may rescind and annul such declaration of acceleration and its
consequences if:

          (1)  the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum
     sufficient to pay in the currency, currency unit or composite currency in
     which the Securities of such

                                       37
<Page>

     series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301
     for the Securities of such series):

               (A)     all overdue installments of interest on all Outstanding
          Securities of that series and any related coupons,

               (B)     the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if
          any, on) any Outstanding Securities of that series which have become
          due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration and interest
          thereon at the rate or rates borne by or provided for in such
          Securities,

               (C)     to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful,
          interest upon overdue installments of interest at the rate or rates
          borne by or provided for in such Securities, and

               (D)     all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and
          the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of
          the Trustee, its agents and counsel; and

          (2)  all Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series,
     other than the nonpayment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole
     Amount, if any) or interest on Securities of that series which have become
     due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived
     as provided in Section 513.

No such rescission shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right
consequent thereon.

     SECTION 503.   COLLECTION OF INDEBTEDNESS AND SUITS FOR ENFORCEMENT BY
TRUSTEE. The Company covenants that if:

          (1)  default is made in the payment of any installment of interest on
     any Security of any series and any related coupon when such interest
     becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of 30 days,
     or

          (2)  default is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium or
     Make-Whole Amount, if any, on) any Security of any series at its Maturity,

then the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to the Trustee, for the
benefit of the Holders of such Securities of such series and coupons, the whole
amount then due and payable on such Securities and coupons for principal (and
premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, with interest upon any
overdue principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and, to the extent
that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, upon any overdue
installments of interest at the rate or rates borne by or provided for in such
Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient
to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents
and counsel.

     If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the
Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a
judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, and may
prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree,

                                       38
<Page>

and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such
Securities of such series and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be
payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any
other obligor upon such Securities of such series, wherever situated.

     If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs and
is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce
its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series and any
related coupons by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall
deem necessary to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific
enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the
exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.

     SECTION 504.   TRUSTEE MAY FILE PROOFS OF CLAIM. In case of the pendency of
any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization,
arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to
the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the
Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective
of whether the principal of the Securities of any series shall then be due and
payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of
whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of
overdue principal, premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, or interest) shall be
entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise:

               (i)     to file and prove a claim for the whole amount, or such
          lesser amount as may be provided for in the Securities of such series,
          of principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest
          owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other
          papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have
          the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable
          compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its
          agents and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial
          proceeding, and

               (ii)    to collect and receive any moneys or other property
          payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;

and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator (or
other similar official) in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by
each Holder of Securities of such series and coupons to make such payments to
the Trustee, and in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of
such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to
it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the
Trustee and any predecessor Trustee, their agents and counsel, and any other
amounts due the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee under Section 606.

     Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to
authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder of a Security
or coupon any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition
affecting the Securities or coupons or the rights of any Holder thereof, or to
authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder of a
Security or coupon in any such proceeding.

                                       39
<Page>

     In any proceedings brought by the Trustee (and also any proceedings
involving the interpretation of any provision of this Indenture to which the
Trustee shall be a party) the Trustee shall be held to represent all the Holders
of the Securities, and it shall not be necessary to make any Holders of the
Securities parties to any such proceedings.

     SECTION 505.   TRUSTEE MAY ENFORCE CLAIMS WITHOUT POSSESSION OF SECURITIES
OR COUPONS. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or any of the
Securities or coupons may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the
possession of any of the Securities or coupons or the production thereof in any
proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee
shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any
recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable
compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents
and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities and
coupons in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

     SECTION 506.   APPLICATION OF MONEY COLLECTED. Any money collected by the
Trustee pursuant to this Article shall be applied in the following order, at the
date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such
money on account of principal (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or
interest, upon presentation of the Securities or coupons, or both, as the case
may be, and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon
surrender thereof if fully paid:

     FIRST: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee and any predecessor
Trustee under Section 606;

     SECOND: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid upon the
Securities and coupons for principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any)
and interest, in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has
been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according
to the aggregate amounts due and payable on such Securities and coupons for
principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, respectively;
and

     THIRD: To the payment of the remainder, if any, to the Company.

     SECTION 507.   LIMITATION ON SUITS. No Holder of any Security of any series
or any related coupon shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial
or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a
receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:

          (1)  such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of
     a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that
     series;

          (2)  the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the
     Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written request to
     the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in
     its own name as Trustee hereunder;

                                       40
<Page>

          (3)  such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee indemnity
     reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against the costs, expenses and
     liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

          (4)  the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request
     and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and

          (5)  no direction inconsistent with such written request has been
     given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority
     in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series;

it being understood and intended that no one or more of such Holders shall have
any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision
of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of
such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any
other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in
the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all such
Holders.

     SECTION 508.   UNCONDITIONAL RIGHT OF HOLDERS TO RECEIVE PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM
OR MAKE-WHOLE AMOUNT, IF ANY, AND INTEREST. Notwithstanding any other provision
in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security or coupon shall have the right
which is absolute and unconditional to receive payment of the principal of (and
premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and (subject to Sections 305 and 307)
interest on such Security or payment of such coupon on the respective due dates
expressed in such Security or coupon (or, in the case of redemption, on the
Redemption Date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment,
and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

     SECTION 509.   RESTORATION OF RIGHTS AND REMEDIES. If the Trustee or any
Holder of a Security or coupon has instituted any proceeding to enforce any
right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued
or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or
to such Holder, then and in every such case, the Company, the Trustee and the
Holders of Securities and coupons shall, subject to any determination in such
proceeding, be restored severally and respectively to their former positions
hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders
shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

     SECTION 510.   RIGHTS AND REMEDIES CUMULATIVE. Except as otherwise provided
with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or
stolen Securities or coupons in the last paragraph of Section 306, no right or
remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders of
Securities or coupons is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy,
and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative
and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or
hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment
of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent
assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

     SECTION 511.   DELAY OR OMISSION NOT WAIVER. No delay or omission of the
Trustee or of any Holder of any Security or coupon to exercise any right or
remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy
or constitute a waiver of any

                                       41
<Page>

such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given
by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from
time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the
Holders of Securities or coupons, as the case may be.

     SECTION 512.   CONTROL BY HOLDERS OF SECURITIES. The Holders of not less
than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series
shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any
proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee or exercising any trust or
power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series,
PROVIDED that

          (1)  such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or
     with this Indenture,

          (2)  the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the
     Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction, and

          (3)  the Trustee need not take any action which might involve it in
     personal liability or be unduly prejudicial to the Holders of Securities of
     such series not joining therein.

     Nothing in this Indenture shall impair the right of the Trustee in its
discretion to take any action deemed proper by the Trustee and which is not
inconsistent with such direction by Holders.

     SECTION 513.   WAIVER OF PAST DEFAULTS. The Holders of not less than a
majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may on
behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series and any related
coupons waive any past default hereunder with respect to such series and its
consequences, except a default

          (1)  in the payment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole
     Amount, if any) or interest on any Security of such series or any related
     coupons, or

          (2)  in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article
     Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of
     each Outstanding Security of such series affected; or

          (3)  in respect of a covenant or provision hereof for the benefit or
     protection of the Trustee, without its express written consent.

     Upon any such waiver, such default shall cease to exist, and any Event of
Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose
of this Indenture; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other
default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

     SECTION 514.   WAIVER OF USURY, STAY OR EXTENSION LAWS. The Company
covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any
time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the
benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted, now
or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the
performance of this Indenture; and the Company (to the extent that it may

                                       42
<Page>

lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such
law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any
power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of
every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

     SECTION 515.   UNDERTAKING FOR COSTS. All parties to this Indenture agree,
and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to
have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the
enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against
the Trustee for any action taken or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any
party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and
that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including
reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, against any party litigant in such suit
having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by
such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any
suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group
of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder
for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole
Amount, if any) or interest on any Security on or after the respective Stated
Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on or
after the Redemption Date).

                            ARTICLE SIX - THE TRUSTEE

     SECTION 601.   NOTICE OF DEFAULTS. Within 90 days after the occurrence of
any default hereunder with respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee
shall transmit in the manner and to the extent provided in TIA Section 313(c),
notice of such default hereunder known to the Trustee, unless such default shall
have been cured or waived; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, except in the case of a
default in the payment of the principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if
any) or interest on any Security of such series, or in the payment of any
sinking or purchase fund installment with respect to the Securities of such
series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long
as the board of directors, the executive committee, or a trust committee of
directors and/or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine
that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Holders of the
Securities and coupons of such series; and PROVIDED FURTHER that in the case of
any default or breach of the character specified in Section 501(4) with respect
to the Securities and coupons of such series, no such notice to Holders shall be
given until at least 60 days after the occurrence thereof. For the purpose of
this Section, the term "default" means any event which is, or after notice or
lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect to the
Securities of such series.

     SECTION 602.   CERTAIN RIGHTS OF TRUSTEE. Subject to the provisions of TIA
Section 315(a) through 315(d):

          (1)  the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in
     acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate,
     statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction,
     consent, order, bond, debenture, note, coupon or other

                                       43
<Page>

     paper or document (whether in its original or facsimile form) believed by
     it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party
     or parties;

          (2)  any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be
     sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order (other than
     delivery of any Security, together with any coupons appertaining thereto,
     to the Trustee for authentication and delivery pursuant to Section 303
     which shall be sufficiently evidenced as provided therein) and any
     resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a
     Board Resolution;

          (3)  whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee
     shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to
     taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless
     other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of
     bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officers' Certificate;

          (4)  the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of
     such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete
     authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or
     omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

          (5)  the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the
     rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction
     of any of the Holders of Securities of any series or any related coupons
     pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the
     Trustee security or indemnity reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee
     against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it
     in compliance with such request or direction;

          (6)  the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the
     facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement,
     instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order,
     bond, debenture, note, coupon or other paper or document, unless requested
     in writing so to do by the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate
     principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series; PROVIDED
     that, if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs,
     expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such
     investigation is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to
     the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture,
     the Trustee may require reasonable indemnity against such expenses or
     liabilities as a condition to proceeding; the reasonable expenses of every
     such examination shall be paid by the Holders or, if paid by the Trustee,
     shall be repaid by the Holders upon demand. The Trustee, in its discretion,
     may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters
     as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further
     inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled to examine the books,
     records and premises of the Company, relevant to the facts or matters that
     are the subject of its inquiry, personally or by agent or attorney at the
     expense of the Company and shall incur no liability or additional liability
     of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation;

          (7)  the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or
     perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or
     attorneys and the Trustee

                                       44
<Page>

     shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of
     any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder;

          (8)  the Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken, suffered or
     omitted by it in good faith and reasonably believed by it to be authorized
     or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this
     Indenture;

          (9)  any permissive right or power available to the Trustee under this
     Indenture or any supplement hereto shall not be construed to be a mandatory
     duty or obligation;

          (10) the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any matter
     (including any default, other than as described in Section 501(1), (2) or
     (3)) unless and except to the extent actually known to a Responsible
     Officer of the Trustee or to the extent written notice thereof is received
     by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office; and

          (11) the Trustee shall have no liability for the selection of any
     independent investment banker; and shall have no liability for any
     inaccuracy in the books and records of, or for any actions or omissions of,
     DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or any depository acting on behalf of any of
     them.

          (12) the rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits
     given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be
     indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in
     each of its capacities hereunder, and each agent, custodian and other
     Person employed by it to act hereunder; and

          (13) the Trustee may request that the Company deliver an Officers'
     Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of
     officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this
     Indenture, which Officers' Certificate may be signed by any person
     authorized to sign an Officers' Certificate, including any person specified
     as so authorized in any such certificate previously delivered and not
     superseded.

     The Trustee shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or
otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties
hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have
reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate
indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it.

     Except during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Trustee
undertakes to perform only such duties as are specifically set forth in this
Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this
Indenture against the Trustee.

     SECTION 603.   NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR RECITALS OR ISSUANCE OF SECURITIES. The
recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee's
certificate of authentication, and in any coupons shall be taken as the
statements of the Company, and neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent
assumes any responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no
representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the
Securities or coupons, except that the Trustee represents that it is duly
authorized to execute and deliver this Indenture, authenticate the Securities
and perform its obligations hereunder. Neither the Trustee nor any
Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the
Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.

                                       45
<Page>

     SECTION 604.   MAY HOLD SECURITIES. The Trustee, any Paying Agent, Security
Registrar, Authenticating Agent or any other agent of the Company, in its
individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities
and coupons and, subject to TIA Sections 310(b) and 311, may otherwise deal with
the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Paying
Agent, Security Registrar, Authenticating Agent or such other agent.

     SECTION 605.   MONEY HELD IN TRUST. Money held by the Trustee in trust
hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money
received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Company.

     SECTION 606.   COMPENSATION AND REIMBURSEMENT. The Company agrees:

          (1)  to pay to the Trustee as agreed upon in writing from time to time
     reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which
     compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the
     compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

          (2)  except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse each
     of the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee upon its request for all
     reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the
     Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the
     reasonable compensation and the reasonable expenses and disbursements of
     its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance
     as may be attributable to its negligence or bad faith; and

          (3)  to fully indemnify each of the Trustee and any predecessor
     Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any and all loss, liability,
     claim, damage or expense (including taxes and legal fees and expenses)
     incurred without negligence or willful misconduct on its part, arising out
     of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or
     trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself
     against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or
     performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.

     When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an
Event of Default specified in Section 501(7) or Section 501(8), the expenses
(including the reasonable charges and expenses of its counsel) and the
compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of
administration under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or
other similar law.

     As security for the performance of the obligations of the Company under
this Section, the Trustee shall have a lien for payment of the Trustee's fees
and expenses prior to the Securities upon all property and funds held or
collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held in trust for the payment of
principal of (or premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on particular
Securities or any coupons.

     The provisions of this Section shall survive the termination of this
Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

                                       46
<Page>

     SECTION 607.   CORPORATE TRUSTEE REQUIRED; ELIGIBILITY; CONFLICTING
INTERESTS. There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be
eligible to act as Trustee under TIA Section 310(a)(1) and shall have at all
times a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 (or which shall
have a combined capital and surplus of at least $10,000,000 and whose ultimate
parent holding company shall have a combined capital and surplus of at least
$50,000,000. If the Trustee publishes reports of condition at least annually,
pursuant to law or the requirements of Federal, state, territorial or District
of Columbia supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this
Section, the combined capital and surplus of the Trustee shall be deemed to be
its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of
condition so published. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in
accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in
the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article. Neither
the Company nor any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or
under common control with the Company shall serve as Trustee.

     SECTION 608.   RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL; APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR.

          (a)  No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a
successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the
acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the
applicable requirements of Section 609.

          (b)  The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities
of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If an
instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee shall not have been delivered to
the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the
resigning Trustee may petition at the expense of the Company any court of
competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

          (c)  The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the
Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount
of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Trustee and to the
Company. If an instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee shall not have
been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the removal of the Trustee,
the Trustee being removed may petition at the expense of the Company any court
of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee.

          (d)  If at any time:

          (1)  the Trustee shall fail to comply with the provisions of TIA
     Section 310(b) after written request therefor by the Company or by any
     Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at
     least six months, or

          (2)  the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 607 and
     shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by
     any Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for
     at least six months, or

          (3)  the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged
     a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property
     shall be appointed or

                                       47
<Page>

     any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its
     property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or
     liquidation,

then, in any such case, (i) the Company by or pursuant to a Board Resolution may
remove the Trustee and appoint a successor Trustee with respect to all
Securities, or (ii) subject to TIA Section 315(e), any Holder of a Security who
has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf
of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent
jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and
the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees.

          (e)  If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of
acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause with
respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by or pursuant to
a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with
respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any
such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or
more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee
with respect to the Securities of any particular series). If, within one year
after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such
vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall
be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring
Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance
of such appointment, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of such series and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by
the Company. If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any
series shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders of Securities
and accepted appointment in the manner hereinafter provided, any Holder of a
Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at
least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated,
petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor
Trustee with respect to Securities of such series.

          (f)  The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each
removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each
appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series
in the manner provided for notices to the Holders of Securities in Section 106.
Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the
Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.

     SECTION 609.   ACCEPTANCE OF APPOINTMENT BY SUCCESSOR.

          (a)  In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with
respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall
execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an
instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal
of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee,
without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the
rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on request of
the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment
of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor
Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee, and shall
duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property

                                       48
<Page>

and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder, subject nevertheless to its
claim, if any, provided for in Section 606.

          (b)  In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the
retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of
one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto,
pursuant to Article Nine hereof, wherein each successor Trustee shall accept
such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be
necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each
successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring
Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the
appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (2) if the retiring Trustee is
not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as
shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers,
trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that
or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue
to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change any of the
provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate
the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being
understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall
constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such
Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from
any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon
the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or
removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided
therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or
conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series
to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of
the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign,
transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by
such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those
series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates.

          (c)  Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall
execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and
confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred
to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 609, as the case may be.

          (d)  No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the
time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible
under this Article.

     SECTION 610.   MERGER, CONVERSION, CONSOLIDATION OR SUCCESSION TO BUSINESS.
Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which
it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion
or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation
succeeding to all or substantially all of the corporate trust business of the
Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, PROVIDED such
corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article,
without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of
any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities or coupons shall have been
authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor
by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may

                                       49
<Page>

adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities or coupons so authenticated
with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such
Securities or coupons. In case any Securities or coupons shall not have been
authenticated by such predecessor Trustee, any such successor Trustee may
authenticate and deliver such Securities or coupons, in either its own name or
that of its predecessor Trustee, with the full force and effect which this
Indenture provides for the certificate of authentication of the Trustee.

     SECTION 611.   APPOINTMENT OF AUTHENTICATING AGENT. At any time when any of
the Securities remain Outstanding, the Trustee may appoint an Authenticating
Agent or Agents with respect to one or more series of Securities which shall be
authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such
series issued upon conversion or exchange, registration of transfer or partial
redemption or repayment thereof, and Securities so authenticated shall be
entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for
all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder. Any such appointment
shall be evidenced by an instrument in writing signed by a Responsible Officer
of the Trustee, a copy of which instrument shall be promptly furnished to the
Company. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and
delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of
authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and
delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate
of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent.
Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all
times be a bank or trust company or corporation organized and doing business and
in good standing under the laws of the United States of America or of any state
or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating
Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and
subject to supervision or examination by Federal or state authorities. If such
Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant
to law or the requirements of the aforesaid supervising or examining authority,
then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such
Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as
set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. In case at any
time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately
in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.

     Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or
converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent
shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or
corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an
Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible
under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or further act
on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.

     An Authenticating Agent for any series of Securities may at any time resign
by giving written notice of resignation to the Trustee for such series and to
the Company. The Trustee for any series of Securities may at any time terminate
the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice of termination to
such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of
resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such
Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the
provisions of this Section,

                                       50
<Page>

the Trustee for such series may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent which
shall be acceptable to the Company and shall give notice of such appointment to
all Holders of Securities of the series with respect to which such
Authenticating Agent will serve in the manner set forth in Section 106. Any
successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder
shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor
hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent
herein. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed unless eligible
under the provisions of this Section.

     The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time
reasonable compensation including reimbursement of its reasonable expenses for
its services under this Section.

     If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made pursuant to
this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in
addition to or in lieu of the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an
alternate certificate of authentication substantially in the following form:

     This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to
in the within- mentioned Indenture.

                                       [_________________________]
                                       as Trustee

Dated:                                 By:
      -------------                       -----------------------------------
                                          as Authenticating Agent

Dated:                                 By:
      -------------                       -----------------------------------
                                          as Authenticating Agent

     SECTION 612.   CERTAIN DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE TRUSTEE.

          (a)  With respect to the Securities of any series, except during the
continuance of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such
series:

          (1)  the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such
     duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture, and no implied
     covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the
     Trustee; and

          (2)  in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may
     conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of
     the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to
     the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Indenture; but in
     the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof
     are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall
     be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they
     conform to the

                                       51
<Page>

     requirements of this Indenture, but shall not be under any duty to verify
     the contents or accuracy thereof.

          (b)  In case an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any
series has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall, with respect to
Securities of such series, exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it
by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise,
as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of
his own affairs.

          (c)  No provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the
Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure
to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

          (1)  this Subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect of
Subsection (a) of this Section;

          (2)  the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in
good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee
was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

          (3)  the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken
or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of
the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of
any series relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding
for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power
conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities
of such series; and

          (4)  no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to
expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the
performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its
rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that
repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is
not reasonably assured to it.

          (d)  Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of
this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or
affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this
Section 612.

          (e)  The Trustee shall not be liable for interest on any money or
assets held by it except to the extent the Trustee may agree in writing with the
Company. Assets held in trust by the Trustee need not be segregated from other
assets except to the extent required by law.

        ARTICLE SEVEN - HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY

     SECTION 701.   DISCLOSURE OF NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF HOLDERS. Every Holder
of Securities or coupons, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the
Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any
Authenticating Agent nor any Paying Agent nor any Security Registrar shall be
held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any

                                       52
<Page>

information as to the names and addresses of the Holders of Securities in
accordance with TIA Section 312, regardless of the source from which such
information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by
reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made under TIA Section
312(b).

     SECTION 702.   REPORTS BY TRUSTEE. The Trustee shall transmit to Holders
such reports concerning the Trustee and its actions under this Indenture as may
be required by TIA Section 313 at the times and in the manner provided by the
TIA, which shall initially be not less than every twelve months commencing on
[__________]. A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission
to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each over-the-counter market or
securities exchange, if any, upon which any Securities are quoted or listed,
with the Commission and with the Company. The Company will notify the Trustee
when any Securities are quoted or listed on any over-the-counter market or
securities exchange or delisted therefrom.

     SECTION 703.   REPORTS BY COMPANY. The Company will:

          (1)  file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company is
     required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports
     and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such
     portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by
     rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required to file
     with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the
     Securities Exchange Act of 1934; or, if the Company is not required to file
     information, documents or reports pursuant to either of such Sections, then
     it will file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules
     and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such of the
     supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may be
     required pursuant to Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 in
     respect of a security quoted or listed and registered on an
     over-the-counter market or national securities exchange as may be
     prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;

          (2)  file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with
     rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such
     additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by
     the Company with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be
     required from time to time by such rules and regulations; and

          (3)  transmit by mail to the Holders of Securities, within 30 days
     after the filing thereof with the Trustee, in the manner and to the extent
     provided in TIA Section 313(c), such summaries of any information,
     documents and reports required to be filed by the Company pursuant to
     paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Section as may be required by rules and
     regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission; and

          (4)  delivery of such reports, information and documents to the
     Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee's receipt of
     such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained
     therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the
     Company's compliance with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the
     Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers' Certificates).

                                       53
<Page>

     SECTION 704.   COMPANY TO FURNISH TRUSTEE NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF HOLDERS.
THE COMPANY WILL FURNISH OR CAUSE TO BE FURNISHED TO THE TRUSTEE:

          (a)  semiannually, not later than 15 days after the Regular Record
Date for interest for each series of Securities, a list, in such form as the
Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of
Registered Securities of such series as of such Regular Record Date, or if there
is no Regular Record Date for interest for such series of Securities,
semiannually, upon such dates as are set forth in the Board Resolution or
indenture supplemental hereto authorizing such series, and

          (b)  at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within
30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar
form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list
is furnished,

PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, so long as the Trustee is the Security Registrar, no
such list shall be required to be furnished.

        ARTICLE EIGHT - CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, SALE, LEASE OR CONVEYANCE

     SECTION 801.   CONSOLIDATIONS AND MERGERS OF COMPANY AND SALES, LEASES AND
CONVEYANCES PERMITTED SUBJECT TO CERTAIN CONDITIONS. The Company may consolidate
with, or sell, lease or convey all or substantially all of its assets to, or
merge with or into any other corporation, provided that in any such case, (1)
either the Company shall be the continuing corporation, or the successor
corporation shall be a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the
United States or a State thereof and such successor corporation shall expressly
assume the due and punctual payment of the principal of (and premium or
Make-Whole Amount, if any) and any interest on all of the Securities, according
to their tenor, and the due and punctual performance and observance of all of
the covenants and conditions of this Indenture to be performed by the Company by
supplemental indenture, complying with Article Nine hereof, satisfactory to the
Trustee, executed and delivered to the Trustee by such corporation, (2)
immediately after giving effect to such transaction and treating any
indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary as a
result thereof as having been incurred by the Company or such Subsidiary at the
time of such transaction, no Event of Default, and no event which, after notice
or the lapse of time, or both, would become an Event of Default, shall have
occurred and be continuing and (3) the Company shall have delivered to the
Trustee the Officer's Certificate and Opinion of Counsel required pursuant to
Section 803 below.

     SECTION 802.   RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF SUCCESSOR CORPORATION. In case of any
such consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance and upon any such
assumption by the successor corporation, such successor corporation shall
succeed to and be substituted for the Company, with the same effect as if it had
been named herein as the party of the first part, and the predecessor
corporation, except in the event of a lease, shall be relieved of any further
obligation under this Indenture and the Securities. Such successor corporation
thereupon may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the
name of the Company, any or all of the Securities issuable hereunder which
theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the
Trustee; and, upon the order of such successor corporation, instead of the

                                       54
<Page>

Company, and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in this
Indenture prescribed, the Trustee shall authenticate and shall deliver any
Securities which previously shall have been signed and delivered by the officers
of the Company to the Trustee for authentication, and any Securities which such
successor corporation thereafter shall cause to be signed and delivered to the
Trustee for that purpose. All the Securities so issued shall in all respects
have the same legal rank and benefit under this Indenture as the Securities
theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of this Indenture
as though all of such Securities had been issued at the date of the execution
hereof.

     In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance, such
changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the
Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate.

     SECTION 803.   OFFICERS' CERTIFICATE AND OPINION OF COUNSEL. Any
consolidation, merger, sale, lease or conveyance permitted under Section 801 is
also subject to the condition that the Trustee receive an Officers' Certificate
and an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that any such consolidation, merger,
sale, lease or conveyance, and the assumption by any successor corporation,
complies with the provisions of this Article and that all conditions precedent
herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied with.

                     ARTICLE NINE - SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES

     SECTION 901.   SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITHOUT CONSENT OF HOLDERS. Without
the consent of any Holders of Securities or coupons, the Company, when
authorized by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time
and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental
hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

          (1)  to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company and
     the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company
     contained herein and in the Securities; or

          (2)  to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the
     Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be
     for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such
     covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such
     series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the
     Company; or

          (3)  to add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of the
     Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such Events of Default
     are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating
     that such Events of Default are expressly being included solely for the
     benefit of such series); PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that in respect of any such
     additional Events of Default such supplemental indenture may provide for a
     particular period of grace after default (which period may be shorter or
     longer than that allowed in the case of other defaults) or may provide for
     an immediate enforcement upon such default or may limit the remedies
     available to the Trustee upon such default or may limit the right of the
     Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of that or those

                                       55
<Page>

     series of Securities to which such additional Events of Default apply to
     waive such default; or

          (4)  to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to
     provide that Bearer Securities may be registrable as to principal, to
     change or eliminate any restrictions on the payment of principal of or
     premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, or interest on Bearer Securities, to
     permit Bearer Securities to be issued in exchange for Registered
     Securities, to permit Bearer Securities to be issued in exchange for Bearer
     Securities of other authorized denominations or to permit or facilitate the
     issuance of Securities in uncertificated form, PROVIDED that any such
     action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of
     Securities of any series or any related coupons in any material respect; or

          (5)  to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture,
     PROVIDED that any such change or elimination shall become effective only
     when there is no Security Outstanding of any series created prior to the
     execution of such supplemental indenture which is entitled to the benefit
     of such provision; or

          (6)  to secure the Securities; or

          (7)  to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series and
     any related coupons as permitted or contemplated by Sections 201 and 301;
     or

          (8)  to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment
     hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or
     more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture
     as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of
     the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee; or

          (9)  to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provision
     herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision
     herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to matters or
     questions arising under this Indenture which shall not be inconsistent with
     the provisions of this Indenture, PROVIDED such provisions shall not
     adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series
     or any related coupons in any material respect; or

          (10) to supplement any of the provisions of this Indenture to such
     extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the Defeasance and
     discharge of any series of Securities pursuant to Sections 401, 1402 and
     1403; PROVIDED that any such action shall not adversely affect the
     interests of the Holders of Securities of such series and any related
     coupons or any other series of Securities in any material respect; or

          (11) to make provisions with respect to Holders' rights of conversion
     with respect to any series of Securities pursuant to Article Sixteen.

     SECTION 902.   SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES WITH CONSENT OF HOLDERS. With the
consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of all
Outstanding Securities affected by such supplemental indenture, by Act of said
Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized
by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into an
indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of

                                       56
<Page>

adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the
provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the
Holders of Securities and any related coupons under this Indenture; PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the
Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby:

          (1)  change the Stated Maturity of the principal of (or premium or
     Make-Whole Amount, if any, on) or any installment of principal of or
     interest on, any Security; or reduce the principal amount thereof or the
     rate or amount of interest thereon, or any premium or Make-Whole Amount
     payable upon the redemption thereof, or reduce the amount of the principal
     of an Original Issue Discount Security that would be due and payable upon a
     declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502
     or the amount thereof provable in bankruptcy pursuant to Section 504, or
     adversely affect any right of repayment at the option of the Holder of any
     Security, or change any Place of Payment where, or the currency or
     currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in
     which, any Security or any premium or Make-Whole Amount or the interest
     thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the
     enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof
     (or, in the case of redemption or repayment at the option of the Holder, on
     or after the Redemption Date or the Repayment Date, as the case may be), or
     (if Securities of such series are convertible) adversely affect the right
     of the Holder to convert any Security as provided in Article Sixteen; or

          (2)  reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
     Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any
     such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required
     for any waiver with respect to such series (or compliance with certain
     provisions of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their
     consequences) provided for in this Indenture, or reduce the requirements of
     Section 1504 for quorum or voting, or

          (3)  modify any of the provisions of this Section, Section 513 or
     Section 1009, except to increase the required percentage to effect such
     action or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot
     be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding
     Security affected thereby, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that this clause shall not be
     deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the
     references to "the Trustee" and concomitant changes in this Section 902 and
     Section 1009, or the deletion of this proviso, in accordance with the
     requirements of Sections 609(b) and 901(11).

     It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section 902 to
approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall
be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

     A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other
provision of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the
benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the
rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant
or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this
Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

                                       57
<Page>

     SECTION 903.   EXECUTION OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES. In executing, or
accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted
by this Article or the modification thereby of the trusts created by this
Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and shall be fully
protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of
such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The
Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental
indenture which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under
this Indenture or otherwise.

     SECTION 904.   EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES. Upon the execution of any
supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in
accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this
Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or
thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder and of any coupon appertaining
thereto shall be bound thereby.

     SECTION 905.   CONFORMITY WITH TRUST INDENTURE ACT. Every supplemental
indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of
the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.

     SECTION 906.   REFERENCE IN SECURITIES TO SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES.
Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any
supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall, if required by
the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter
provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine,
new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the
Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and
executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in
exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.

                             ARTICLE TEN - COVENANTS

     SECTION 1001.  PAYMENT OF PRINCIPAL, PREMIUM OR MAKE-WHOLE AMOUNT, IF ANY;
AND INTEREST. The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders of
each series of Securities that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of
(and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest on the Securities of
that series in accordance with the terms of such series of Securities, any
coupons appertaining thereto and this Indenture. Unless otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301 with respect to any series of Securities, any
interest due on Bearer Securities on or before Maturity shall be payable only
upon presentation and surrender of the several coupons for such interest
installments as are evidenced thereby as they severally mature. Unless otherwise
specified with respect to Securities of any series pursuant to Section 301, at
the option of the Company (upon written notice to the Trustee), all payments of
principal may be paid by check to the registered Holder of the Registered
Security or other person entitled thereto against surrender of such Security.

     SECTION 1002.  MAINTENANCE OF OFFICE OR AGENCY. If Securities of a series
are issuable only as Registered Securities, the Company shall maintain in each
Place of Payment for any series of Securities an office or agency where
Securities of that series may be presented or surrendered for payment or
conversion, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for

                                       58
<Page>

registration of transfer or conversion or exchange and where notices and demands
to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this
Indenture may be served. If Securities of a series are issuable as Bearer
Securities, the Company will maintain: (A) in the Borough of Manhattan, The City
of New York, an office or agency where any Registered Securities of that series
may be presented or surrendered for payment or conversion, where any Registered
Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer, where
Securities of that series may be surrendered for conversion or exchange, where
notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that
series and this Indenture may be served and where Bearer Securities of that
series and related coupons may be presented or surrendered for payment or
conversion in the circumstances described in the following paragraph (and not
otherwise); (B) subject to any laws or regulations applicable thereto, in a
Place of Payment for that series which is located outside the United States, an
office or agency where Securities of that series and related coupons may be
presented and surrendered for payment; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that if the Securities
of that series are listed on any stock exchange located outside the United
States and such stock exchange shall so require, the Company will maintain a
Paying Agent for the Securities of that series in any required city located
outside the United States, as the case may be, so long as the Securities of that
series are listed on such exchange; and (C) subject to any laws or regulations
applicable thereto, in a Place of Payment for that series located outside the
United States an office or agency where any Registered Securities of that series
may be surrendered for registration of transfer, where Securities of that series
may be surrendered for conversion or exchange and where notices and demands to
or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this
Indenture may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the
Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of each such office or
agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required
office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof,
such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the
Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, except that Bearer Securities of that
series and the related coupons may be presented and surrendered for payment or
conversion at the offices specified in the Security, in London, England, and the
Company hereby appoints the same as its agent to receive such respective
presentations, surrenders, notices and demands, and the Company hereby appoints
the Trustee its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and
demands.

     Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to
Section 301, no payment of principal, premium or Make-Whole Amount or interest
on Bearer Securities shall be made at any office or agency of the Company in the
United States or by check mailed to any address in the United States or by
transfer to an account maintained with a bank located in the United States;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, if the Securities of a series are payable in Dollars,
payment of principal of and any premium or Make-Whole Amount and interest on any
Bearer Security shall be made at the office of the Company's Paying Agent in the
Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, if (but only if) payment in Dollars
of the full amount of such principal, premium or Make-Whole Amount, or interest,
as the case may be, at all offices or agencies outside the United States
maintained for the purpose by the Company in accordance with this Indenture, is
illegal or effectively precluded by exchange controls or other similar
restrictions.

                                       59
<Page>

     The Company may from time to time designate one or more other offices or
agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or
surrendered for any or all of such purposes, and may from time to time rescind
such designations; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that no such designation or rescission
shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office
or agency in accordance with the requirements set forth above for Securities of
any series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the
Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location
of any such other office or agency. Unless otherwise specified with respect to
any Securities pursuant to Section 301 with respect to a series of Securities,
the Company hereby designates as a Place of Payment for each series of
Securities, each of (i) the office or agency of the Company in the Borough of
Manhattan, The City of New York, and (ii) the Corporate Trust Office of the
Trustee (as Paying Agent); and the Company hereby initially appoints the Trustee
at its Corporate Trust Office as Paying Agent in such city; and the Company
hereby initially appoints as its agent to receive all such presentations,
surrenders, notices and demands each of the Trustee, at its Corporate Trust
Office, and [_________________________] at its offices at
[_________________________].

     Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Securities pursuant to
Section 301, if and so long as the Securities of any series (i) are denominated
in a Foreign Currency or (ii) may be payable in a Foreign Currency, or so long
as it is required under any other provision of the Indenture, then the Company
will maintain with respect to each such series of Securities, or as so required,
at least one exchange rate agent (of which it shall give written notice to the
Trustee).

     SECTION 1003.  MONEY FOR SECURITIES PAYMENTS TO BE HELD IN TRUST. If the
Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series
of any Securities and any related coupons, it will, on or before each due date
of the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any), or interest on
any of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the
benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum in the currency or currencies,
currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies in which the
Securities of such series are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to
Section 301 for the Securities of such series) sufficient to pay the principal
(and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest so becoming due until
such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein
provided, and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to
act.

     Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of
Securities and any related coupons, it will, on or before each due date of the
principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any), or interest on any
Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum (in the currency or
currencies, currency unit or units or composite currency or currencies described
in the preceding paragraph) sufficient to pay the principal (and premium or
Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in
trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or
Make-Whole Amount, if any, or interest and (unless such Paying Agent is the
Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure
so to act.

     The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities other
than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which
such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of
this Section, that such Paying Agent will

                                       60
<Page>

          (1)  hold all sums held by it for the payment of principal of (and
     premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on Securities in trust
     for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be
     paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;

          (2)  give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or any
     other obligor upon the Securities) in the making of any such payment of
     principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on the
     Securities of that series; and

          (3)  at any time during the continuance of any such default upon the
     written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so
     held in trust by such Paying Agent.

     The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction
and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company
Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by
the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the
same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such
Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such
Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such
sums.

     Except as otherwise provided in the Securities of any series, and subject
to applicable laws, any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or
then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of (and
premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on any Security of any series
and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal (and premium or
Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest has become due and payable shall be paid
to the Company upon Company Request or (if then held by the Company) shall be
discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as
an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment of such
principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) or interest on any
Security, without interest thereon, and all liability of the Trustee or such
Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company
as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Trustee
or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at
the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in an Authorized
Newspaper, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date
specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such
publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid
to the Company.

     SECTION 1004.  EXISTENCE. Subject to Article Eight, the Company will do or
cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and
effect its corporate existence, all material rights (by articles of
incorporation, by-laws and statute) and material franchises; PROVIDED, HOWEVER,
that the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right or franchise
if the Board of Directors shall determine that the preservation thereof is no
longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company.

     SECTION 1005.  MAINTENANCE OF PROPERTIES. The Company will cause all of its
material properties used or useful in the conduct of its business or the
business of any Subsidiary to be maintained and kept in good condition, repair
and working order and supplied with all necessary equipment and will cause to be
made all necessary repairs, renewals, replacements,

                                       61
<Page>

betterments and improvements thereof, all as in the judgment of the Company may
be necessary so that the business carried on in connection therewith may be
properly and advantageously conducted at all times; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the
Company and its Subsidiaries shall not be prevented from selling or otherwise
disposing of their properties for value in the ordinary course of business.

     SECTION 1006.  INSURANCE. The Company will cause each of its and its
Subsidiaries' insurable properties to be insured against loss or damage in an
amount deemed reasonable by the Board of Directors with insurers of recognized
responsibility.

     SECTION 1007.  PAYMENT OF TAXES AND OTHER CLAIMS. The Company will pay or
discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become
delinquent, (1) all taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or
imposed upon it or any Subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of the
Company or any Subsidiary, and (2) all lawful claims for labor, materials and
supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a lien upon the property of the
Company or any Subsidiary; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the Company shall not be
required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax,
assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability or validity is being
contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings.

     SECTION 1008.  STATEMENT AS TO COMPLIANCE. The Company will deliver to the
Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, a brief certificate
from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal
accounting officer as to his or her knowledge of the Company's compliance with
all conditions and covenants under this Indenture and, in the event of any
noncompliance, specifying such noncompliance and the nature and status thereof.
For purposes of this Section 1008, such compliance shall be determined without
regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice under this Indenture.

     SECTION 1009.  WAIVER OF CERTAIN COVENANTS. The Company may omit in any
particular instance to comply with any term, provision or condition set forth in
Sections 1004 to 1008, inclusive, if before or after the time for such
compliance the Holders of at least a majority in principal amount of all
outstanding Securities of such series, by Act of such Holders, either waive such
compliance in such instance or generally waive compliance with such covenant or
condition, but no such waiver shall extend to or affect such covenant or
condition except to the extent so expressly waived, and, until such waiver shall
become effective, the obligations of the Company and the duties of the Trustee
in respect of any such term, provision or condition shall remain in full force
and effect.

                    ARTICLE ELEVEN - REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES

     SECTION 1101.  APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE. Securities of any series which are
redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with
their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301
for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article.

                                       62
<Page>

     SECTION 1102.  ELECTION TO REDEEM; NOTICE TO TRUSTEE. The election of the
Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by or pursuant to a Board
Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less
than all of the Securities of any series, the Company shall, at least 45 days
prior to the giving of the notice of redemption in Section 1104 (unless a
shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such
Redemption Date and of the principal amount of Securities of such series to be
redeemed. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of
any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or
elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an
Officers' Certificate evidencing compliance with such restriction.

     SECTION 1103.  SELECTION BY TRUSTEE OF SECURITIES TO BE REDEEMED. If less
than all the Securities of any series issued on the same day with the same terms
are to be redeemed, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected
not more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the
Outstanding Securities of such series issued on such date with the same terms
not previously called for redemption, by such method as the Trustee shall deem
fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for redemption of
portions (equal to the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that
series or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of Securities
of such series of a denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination
for Securities of that series.

     The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company and the Security Registrar
(if other than itself) in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and,
in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal
amount thereof to be redeemed.

     For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires,
all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate, in the
case of any Security redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of
the principal amount of such Security which has been or is to be redeemed.

     SECTION 1104.  NOTICE OF REDEMPTION. Notice of redemption shall be given in
the manner provided in Section 106, not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days
prior to the Redemption Date, unless a shorter period is specified by the terms
of such series established pursuant to Section 301, to each Holder of Securities
to be redeemed, but failure to give such notice in the manner herein provided to
the Holder of any Security designated for redemption as a whole or in part, or
any defect in the notice to any such Holder, shall not affect the validity of
the proceedings for the redemption of any other such Security or portion
thereof.

     Any notice that is mailed to the Holders of Registered Securities in the
manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given,
whether or not the Holder receives the notice.

     All notices of redemption shall state:

          (1)  the Redemption Date,

                                       63
<Page>

          (2)  the Redemption Price, accrued interest to the Redemption Date
     payable as provided in Section 1106, if any,

          (3)  if less than all Outstanding Securities of any series are to be
     redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the
     principal amount) of the particular Security or Securities to be redeemed,

          (4)  in case any Security is to be redeemed in part only, the notice
     which relates to such Security shall state that on and after the Redemption
     Date, upon surrender of such Security, the holder will receive, without a
     charge, a new Security or Securities of authorized denominations for the
     principal amount thereof remaining unredeemed,

          (5)  that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price and accrued
     interest to the Redemption Date payable as provided in Section 1106, if
     any, will become due and payable upon each such Security, or the portion
     thereof, to be redeemed and, if applicable, that interest thereon shall
     cease to accrue on and after said date,

          (6)  the Place or Places of Payment where such Securities, together in
     the case of Bearer Securities with all coupons appertaining thereto, if
     any, maturing after the Redemption Date, are to be surrendered for payment
     of the Redemption Price and accrued interest, if any, or for conversion,

          (7)  that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case,

          (8)  that, unless otherwise specified in such notice, Bearer
     Securities of any series, if any, surrendered for redemption must be
     accompanied by all coupons maturing subsequent to the date fixed for
     redemption or the amount of any such missing coupon or coupons will be
     deducted from the Redemption Price, unless security or indemnity
     satisfactory to the Company, the Trustee for such series and any Paying
     Agent is furnished,

          (9)  if Bearer Securities of any series are to be redeemed and any
     Registered Securities of such series are not to be redeemed, and if such
     Bearer Securities may be exchanged for Registered Securities not subject to
     redemption on this Redemption Date pursuant to Section 305 or otherwise,
     the last date, as determined by the Company, on which such exchanges may be
     made,

          (10) the CUSIP number of such Security, if any, and

          (11) if applicable, that a Holder of Securities who desires to convert
     Securities for redemption must satisfy the requirements for conversion
     contained in such Securities, the then existing conversion price or rate,
     the place or places where such Securities may be surrendered for
     conversion, and the date and time when the option to convert shall expire.

     Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of the
Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's request, by the
Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

     SECTION 1105.  DEPOSIT OF REDEMPTION PRICE. On or prior to any Redemption
Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if
the Company is

                                       64
<Page>

acting as its own Paying Agent, which it may not do in the case of a sinking
fund payment under Article Twelve, segregate and hold in trust as provided in
Section 1003) an amount of money in the currency or currencies, currency unit or
units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series
are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
Securities of such series) sufficient to pay on the Redemption Date the
Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest
Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the Securities or portions thereof which
are to be redeemed on that date.

     If any Securities called for redemption are converted, any money deposited
with the Trustee or with any Paying Agent or so segregated and held in trust for
the redemption of such Security shall be paid to the Company upon Company
Request or, if then held by the Company, shall be discharged from such trust.

     SECTION 1106.  SECURITIES PAYABLE ON REDEMPTION DATE. Notice of redemption
having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed shall, on the
Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price therein
specified in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite
currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable
(except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of
such series) (together with accrued interest, if any, to the Redemption Date),
and from and after such date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of
the Redemption Price and accrued interest) such Securities shall, if the same
were interest-bearing, cease to bear interest and the coupons for such interest
appertaining to any Bearer Securities so to be redeemed, except to the extent
provided below, shall be void. Upon surrender of any such Security for
redemption in accordance with said notice, together with all coupons, if any,
appertaining thereto maturing after the Redemption Date, such Security shall be
paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest, if
any, to the Redemption Date; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that installments of interest on
Bearer Securities whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date
shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the United States
(except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 301, only upon presentation and surrender of coupons
for such interest; and PROVIDED FURTHER that except as otherwise provided with
respect to Securities convertible into the Company's Common Stock or Preferred
Stock, installments of interest on Registered Securities whose Stated Maturity
is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such
Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the
close of business on the relevant Record Dates according to their terms and the
provisions of Section 307.

     If any Bearer Security surrendered for redemption shall not be accompanied
by all appurtenant coupons maturing after the Redemption Date, such Security may
be paid after deducting from the Redemption Price an amount equal to the face
amount of all such missing coupons, or the surrender of such missing coupon or
coupons may be waived by the Company and the Trustee if there be furnished to
them such security or indemnity as they may require to save each of them and any
Paying Agent harmless. If thereafter the Holder of such Security shall surrender
to the Trustee or any Paying Agent any such missing coupon in respect of which a
deduction shall have been made from the Redemption Price, such Holder shall be
entitled to receive the amount so deducted; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that interest
represented by coupons shall be payable only at an office or agency located
outside the United States (except as otherwise

                                       65
<Page>

provided in Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by
Section 301, only upon presentation and surrender of those coupons.

     If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender
thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any)
shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate borne by
the Security.

     SECTION 1107.  SECURITIES REDEEMED IN PART. Any Registered Security which
is to be redeemed only in part (pursuant to the provisions of this Article or of
Article Twelve) shall be surrendered at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if
the Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written
instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly
executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing) and
the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the
Holder of such Security without service charge a new Security or Securities of
the same series, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder in
aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion
of the principal of the Security so surrendered. If a Global Security is so
surrendered, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and
deliver to the depository, without service charge, a new Global Security in a
denomination equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the
principal of the Global Security so surrendered.

                         ARTICLE TWELVE - SINKING FUNDS

     SECTION 1201.  APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE. The provisions of this Article
shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a
series except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for
Securities of such series.

     The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of
Securities of any series is herein referred to as a "mandatory sinking fund
payment," and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the
terms of such Securities of any series is herein referred to as an "optional
sinking fund payment." If provided for by the terms of any Securities of any
series, the cash amount of any mandatory sinking fund payment may be subject to
reduction as provided in Section 1202. Each sinking fund payment shall be
applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the
terms of Securities of such series.

     SECTION 1202.  SATISFACTION OF SINKING FUND PAYMENTS WITH SECURITIES. The
Company may, in satisfaction of all or any part of any mandatory sinking fund
payment with respect to the Securities of a series, (1) deliver Outstanding
Securities of such series (other than any previously called for redemption)
together in the case of any Bearer Securities of such series with all unmatured
coupons appertaining thereto and (2) apply as a credit Securities of such series
which have been redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the
terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional
sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, as provided for
by the terms of such Securities, or which have otherwise been acquired by the
Company; PROVIDED that such Securities so delivered or applied as a credit have
not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited

                                       66
<Page>

for such purpose by the Trustee at the applicable Redemption Price specified in
such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the
amount of such mandatory sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.

     SECTION 1203.  REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES FOR SINKING FUND. Not less than 60
days prior to each sinking fund payment date for Securities of any series, the
Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officers' Certificate specifying the
amount of the next ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment for that series
pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to
be satisfied by payment of cash in the currency or currencies, currency unit or
units or composite currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series
are payable (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the
Securities of such series) and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be
satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to
Section 1202, and the optional amount, if any, to be added in cash to the next
ensuing mandatory sinking fund payment, and will also deliver to the Trustee any
Securities to be so delivered and credited. If such Officers' Certificate shall
specify an optional amount to be added in cash to the next ensuing mandatory
sinking fund payment, the Company shall thereupon be obligated to pay the amount
therein specified. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment
date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking
fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of
the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the
Company in the manner provided in Section 1104. Such notice having been duly
given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the
manner stated in Sections 1106 and 1107.

              ARTICLE THIRTEEN - REPAYMENT AT THE OPTION OF HOLDERS

     SECTION 1301.  APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE. Repayment of Securities of any
series before their Stated Maturity at the option of Holders thereof shall be
made in accordance with the terms of such Securities, if any, and (except as
otherwise specified by the terms of such series established pursuant to Section
301) in accordance with this Article.

     SECTION 1302.  REPAYMENT OF SECURITIES. Securities of any series subject to
repayment in whole or in part at the option of the Holders thereof will, unless
otherwise provided in the terms of such Securities, be repaid at a price equal
to the principal amount thereof, together with interest, if any, thereon accrued
to the Repayment Date specified in or pursuant to the terms of such Securities.
The Company covenants that on or prior to the Repayment Date it will deposit
with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own
Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 1003) an amount
of money in the currency or currencies, currency unit or units or composite
currency or currencies in which the Securities of such series are payable
(except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301 for the Securities of
such series) sufficient to pay the principal (or, if so provided by the terms of
the Securities of any series, a percentage of the principal) of, and (except if
the Repayment Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on, all
the Securities or portions thereof, as the case may be, to be repaid on such
date.

     SECTION 1303.  EXERCISE OF OPTION. Securities of any series subject to
repayment at the option of the Holders thereof will contain an "Option to Elect
Repayment" form on the

                                       67
<Page>

reverse of such Securities. In order for any Security to be repaid at the option
of the Holder, the Trustee must receive at the Place of Payment therefor
specified in the terms of such Security (or at such other place or places of
which the Company shall from time to time notify the Holders of such Securities)
not earlier than 60 days nor later than 30 days prior to the Repayment Date (1)
the Security so providing for such repayment together with the "Option to Elect
Repayment" form on the reverse thereof duly completed by the Holder (or by the
Holder's attorney duly authorized in writing) or (2) a telegram, telex,
facsimile transmission or a letter from a member of a national securities
exchange, or the NASD, or a commercial bank or trust company in the United
States setting forth the name of the Holder of the Security, the principal
amount of the Security, the principal amount of the Security to be repaid, the
CUSIP number, if any, or a description of the tenor and terms of the Security, a
statement that the option to elect repayment is being exercised thereby and a
guarantee that the Security to be repaid, together with the duly completed form
entitled "Option to Elect Repayment" on the reverse of the Security, will be
received by the Trustee not later than the fifth Business Day after the date of
such telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that
such telegram, telex, facsimile transmission or letter shall only be effective
if such Security and form duly completed are received by the Trustee by such
fifth Business Day. If less than the entire principal amount of such Security is
to be repaid in accordance with the terms of such Security, the principal amount
of such Security to be repaid, in increments of the minimum denomination for
Securities of such series, and the denomination or denominations of the Security
or Securities to be issued to the Holder for the portion of the principal amount
of such Security surrendered that is not to be repaid, must be specified. The
principal amount of any Security providing for repayment at the option of the
Holder thereof may not be repaid in part if, following such repayment, the
unpaid principal amount of such Security would be less than the minimum
authorized denomination of Securities of the series of which such Security to be
repaid is a part. Except as otherwise may be provided by the terms of any
Security providing for repayment at the option of the Holder thereof, exercise
of the repayment option by the Holder shall be irrevocable unless waived by the
Company.

     SECTION 1304.  WHEN SECURITIES PRESENTED FOR REPAYMENT BECOME DUE AND
PAYABLE. If Securities of any series providing for repayment at the option of
the Holders thereof shall have been surrendered as provided in this Article and
as provided by or pursuant to the terms of such Securities, such Securities or
the portions thereof, as the case may be, to be repaid shall become due and
payable and shall be paid by the Company on the Repayment Date therein
specified, and on and after such Repayment Date (unless the Company shall
default in the payment of such Securities on such Repayment Date) such
Securities shall, if the same were interest-bearing, cease to bear interest and
the coupons for such interest appertaining to any Bearer Securities so to be
repaid, except to the extent provided below, shall be void. Upon surrender of
any such Security for repayment in accordance with such provisions, together
with all coupons, if any, appertaining thereto maturing after the Repayment
Date, the principal amount of such Security so to be repaid shall be paid by the
Company, together with accrued interest, if any, to the Repayment Date;
provided, however, that coupons whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the
Repayment Date shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the
United States (except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless
otherwise specified pursuant to Section 301, only upon presentation and
surrender of such coupons; and provided further that, in the case of Registered
Securities, installments of interest, if any, whose Stated

                                       68
<Page>

Maturity is on or prior to the Repayment Date shall be payable (but without
interest thereon, unless the Company shall default in the payment thereof) to
the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities,
registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates
according to their terms and the provisions of Section 307.

     If any Bearer Security surrendered for repayment shall not be accompanied
by all appurtenant coupons maturing after the Repayment Date, such Security may
be paid after deducting from the amount payable therefor as provided in Section
1302 an amount equal to the face amount of all such missing coupons, or the
surrender of such missing coupon or coupons may be waived by the Company and the
Trustee if there be furnished to them such security or indemnity as they may
require to save each of them and any Paying Agent harmless. If thereafter the
Holder of such Security shall surrender to the Trustee or any Paying Agent any
such missing coupon in respect of which a deduction shall have been made as
provided in the preceding sentence, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the
amount so deducted; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that interest represented by coupons
shall be payable only at an office or agency located outside the United States
(except as otherwise provided in Section 1002) and, unless otherwise specified
as contemplated by Section 301, only upon presentation and surrender of those
coupons.

     If the principal amount of any Security surrendered for repayment shall not
be so repaid upon surrender thereof, such principal amount (together with
interest, if any, thereon accrued to such Repayment Date) shall, until paid,
bear interest from the Repayment Date at the rate of interest or Yield to
Maturity (in the case of Original Issue Discount Securities) set forth in such
Security.

     SECTION 1305.  SECURITIES REPAID IN PART. Upon surrender of any Registered
Security which is to be repaid in part only, the Company shall execute and the
Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security, without
service charge and at the expense of the Company, a new Registered Security or
Securities of the same series, of any authorized denomination specified by the
Holder, in an aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for the
portion of the principal of such Security so surrendered which is not to be
repaid.

              ARTICLE FOURTEEN - DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE

     SECTION 1401.  APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE; COMPANY'S OPTION TO EFFECT
DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE. If, pursuant to Section 301, provision is
made for either or both of (a) Defeasance of the Securities of or within a
series under Section 1402 or (b) Covenant Defeasance of the Securities of or
within a series under Section 1403, then the provisions of such Section or
Sections, as the case may be, together with the other provisions of this Article
(with such modifications thereto as may be specified pursuant to Section 301
with respect to any Securities), shall be applicable to such Securities and any
coupons appertaining thereto, and the Company may at its option by Board
Resolution, at any time, with respect to such Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto, elect to have Section 1402 (if applicable) or Section 1403
(if applicable) be applied to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto upon compliance with the conditions set forth below in this
Article.

                                       69
<Page>

     SECTION 1402.  DEFEASANCE AND DISCHARGE. Upon the Company's exercise of the
above option applicable to this Section with respect to any Securities of or
within a series, the Company shall be deemed to have been discharged from its
obligations with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto on the date the conditions set forth in Section 1404 are
satisfied (hereinafter, "Defeasance"). For this purpose, such Defeasance means
that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire
indebtedness represented by such Outstanding Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto, which shall thereafter be deemed to be "Outstanding" only
for the purposes of Section 1405 and the other Sections of this Indenture
referred to in clauses (A) and (B) below, and to have satisfied all of its other
obligations under such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto and this
Indenture insofar as such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto are
concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper
instruments acknowledging the same), except for the following which shall
survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (A) the rights of
Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto to
receive, solely from the trust fund described in Section 1404 and as more fully
set forth in such Section, payments in respect of the principal of (and premium
or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, if any, on such Securities and any
coupons appertaining thereto when such payments are due, (B) the Company's
obligations with respect to such Securities under Sections 305, 306, 1002 and
1003, and the Company's obligations under Section 606 hereof (C) the rights,
powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (D) this
Article. Subject to compliance with this Article Fourteen, the Company may
exercise its option under this Section notwithstanding the prior exercise of its
option under Section 1403 with respect to such Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto.

     SECTION 1403.  COVENANT DEFEASANCE. Upon the Company's exercise of the
above option applicable to this Section with respect to any Securities of or
within a series, the Company shall be released from its obligations under
Sections 1004 to 1009, inclusive, and, if specified pursuant to Section 301, its
obligations under any other covenant contained herein or in any indenture
supplemental hereto, with respect to such Outstanding Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto on and after the date the conditions set forth in Section
1404 are satisfied (hereinafter, "Covenant Defeasance"), and such Securities and
any coupons appertaining thereto shall thereafter be deemed to be not
"Outstanding" for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration
or Act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection with
Sections 1004 to 1009, inclusive, or such other covenant, but shall continue to
be deemed "Outstanding" for all other purposes hereunder. For this purpose, such
Covenant Defeasance means that, with respect to such Outstanding Securities and
any coupons appertaining thereto, the Company may omit to comply with and shall
have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in
any such Section or such other covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by
reason of any reference elsewhere herein to any such Section or such other
covenant or by reason of reference in any such Section or such other covenant to
any other provision herein or in any other document and such omission to comply
shall not constitute a default or an Event of Default under Section 501(4) or
501(8) or otherwise, as the case may be, but, except as specified above, the
remainder of this Indenture and such Securities and any coupons appertaining
thereto shall be unaffected thereby.

                                       70
<Page>

     SECTION 1404.  CONDITIONS TO DEFEASANCE OR COVENANT DEFEASANCE. The
following shall be the conditions to application of Section 1402 or Section 1403
to any Outstanding Securities of or within a series and any coupons appertaining
thereto:

     (a)  The Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited
with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 607
who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this Article Fourteen
applicable to it) as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the
following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely
to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities and any coupons appertaining
thereto, (1) an amount in such currency, currencies or currency unit in which
such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto are then specified as
payable at Stated Maturity, or (2) Government Obligations applicable to such
Securities and coupons appertaining thereto (determined on the basis of the
currency, currencies or currency unit in which such Securities and coupons
appertaining thereto are then specified as payable at Stated Maturity) which
through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in
accordance with their terms will provide, not later than the due date of any
payment of principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest,
if any, on such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto, money in an
amount, or (3) a combination thereof, in any case, in an amount, sufficient,
without consideration of any reinvestment of such principal and interest, in the
opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants
expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay
and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying
trustee) to pay and discharge, (i) the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole
Amount, if any) and interest, if any, on such Outstanding Securities and any
coupons appertaining thereto on the Stated Maturity of such principal or
installment of principal or interest and (ii) any mandatory sinking fund
payments or analogous payments applicable to such Outstanding Securities and any
coupons appertaining thereto on the day on which such payments are due and
payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of such Securities
and any coupons appertaining thereto.

     (b)  Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or
violation of, or constitute a default under, this Indenture or any other
material agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it
is bound.

     (c)  No Event of Default or event which with notice or lapse of time or
both would become an Event of Default with respect to such Securities and any
coupons appertaining thereto shall have occurred and be continuing on the date
of such deposit or, insofar as Sections 501(6) and 501(7) are concerned, at any
time during the period ending on the 91st day after the date of such deposit (it
being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the
expiration of such period).

     (d)  In the case of an election under Section 1402, the Company shall have
delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel stating that (i) the Company has
received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a
ruling, or (ii) since the date of execution of this Indenture, there has been a
change in the applicable Federal income tax law, in either case to the effect
that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of such
Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto will not recognize
income, gain or

                                       71
<Page>

loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of such Defeasance and will be
subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the
same times as would have been the case if such Defeasance had not occurred.

     (e)  In the case of an election under Section 1403, the Company shall have
delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders of
such Outstanding Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto will not
recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result of
such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to Federal income tax on the same
amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if
such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred.

     (f)  The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions
precedent to the Defeasance under Section 1402 or the Covenant Defeasance under
Section 1403 (as the case may be) have been complied with and an Opinion of
Counsel to the effect that either (i) as a result of a deposit pursuant to
subsection (a) above and the related exercise of the Company's option under
Section 1402 or Section 1403 (as the case may be), registration is not required
under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, by the Company, with
respect to the trust funds representing such deposit or by the Trustee for such
trust funds or (ii) all necessary registrations under said Act have been
effected.

     (g)  Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Section, such Defeasance
or Covenant Defeasance shall be effected in compliance with any additional or
substitute terms, conditions or limitations which may be imposed on the Company
in connection therewith pursuant to Section 301.

     (h)  The payment of amounts payable to the Trustee pursuant to this
Indenture shall be paid or provided for to the reasonable satisfaction of the
Trustee.

     SECTION 1405.  DEPOSITED MONEY AND GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS TO BE HELD IN
TRUST; OTHER MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. Subject to the provisions of the last
paragraph of Section 1003, all money and Government Obligations (or other
property as may be provided pursuant to Section 301) (including the proceeds
thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee, collectively
for purposes of this Section 1405, the "Trustee") pursuant to Section 1404 in
respect of any Outstanding Securities of any series and any coupons appertaining
thereto shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with
the provisions of such Securities and any coupons appertaining thereto and this
Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent
(including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may
determine, to the Holders of such Securities and any coupons appertaining
thereto of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal (and
premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest, but such money need not be
segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law.

     Unless otherwise specified with respect to any Security pursuant to Section
301, if, after a deposit referred to in Section 1404(a) has been made, (a) the
Holder of a Security in respect of which such deposit was made is entitled to,
and does, elect pursuant to Section 301 or the terms

                                       72
<Page>

of such Security to receive payment in a currency or currency unit other than
that in which the deposit pursuant to Section 1404(a) has been made in respect
of such Security, or (b) a Conversion Event occurs in respect of the currency or
currency unit in which the deposit pursuant to Section 1404(a) has been made,
the indebtedness represented by such Security and any coupons appertaining
thereto shall be deemed to have been, and will be, fully discharged and
satisfied through the payment of the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole
Amount, if any), and interest, if any, on such Security as the same becomes due
out of the proceeds yielded by converting (from time to time as specified below
in the case of any such election) the amount or other property deposited in
respect of such Security into the currency or currency unit in which such
Security becomes payable as a result of such election or Conversion Event based
on the applicable market exchange rate for such currency or currency unit in
effect on the second Business Day prior to each payment date, except, with
respect to a Conversion Event, for such currency or currency unit in effect (as
nearly as feasible) at the time of the Conversion Event.

     The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or
other charge imposed on or assessed against the Government Obligations deposited
pursuant to Section 1404 or the principal and interest received in respect
thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the
account of the Holders of such Outstanding Securities and any coupons
appertaining thereto.

     Anything in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding, subject to
Section 606, the Trustee shall deliver or pay to the Company from time to time
upon Company Request any money or Government Obligations (or other property and
any proceeds therefrom) held by it as provided in Section 1404 which, in the
opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants
expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in
excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited to
effect a Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance, as applicable, in accordance with
this Article.

               ARTICLE FIFTEEN - MEETINGS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES

     SECTION 1501.  PURPOSES FOR WHICH MEETINGS MAY BE CALLED. A meeting of
Holders of Securities of any series may be called at any time and from time to
time pursuant to this Article to make, give or take any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by
this Indenture to be made, given or taken by Holders of Securities of such
series.

     SECTION 1502.  CALL, NOTICE AND PLACE OF MEETINGS.

          (a)  The Trustee may at any time call a meeting of Holders of
Securities of any series for any purpose specified in Section 1501, to be held
at such time and at such place as the Trustee shall determine. Notice of every
meeting of Holders of Securities of any series, setting forth the time and the
place of such meeting and in general terms the action proposed to be taken at
such meeting, shall be given, in the manner provided in Section 106, not less
than 20 nor more than 180 days prior to the date fixed for the meeting.

                                       73
<Page>

          (b)  In case at any time the Company, pursuant to a Board Resolution,
or the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of any series shall have requested the Trustee to call a meeting of the Holders
of Securities of such series for any purpose specified in Section 1501, by
written request setting forth in reasonable detail the action proposed to be
taken at the meeting, and the Trustee shall not have made the first publication
of the notice of such meeting within 20 days after receipt of such request or
shall not thereafter proceed to cause the meeting to be held as provided herein,
then the Company or the Holders of Securities of such series in the amount above
specified, as the case may be, may determine the time and the place for such
meeting and may call such meeting for such purposes by giving notice thereof as
provided in subsection (a) of this Section.

     SECTION 1503.  PERSONS ENTITLED TO VOTE AT MEETINGS. To be entitled to vote
at any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series, a Person shall be (1) a
Holder of one or more Outstanding Securities of such series, or (2) a Person
appointed by an instrument in writing as proxy for a Holder or Holders of one or
more Outstanding Securities of such series by such Holder or Holders. The only
Persons who shall be entitled to be present or to speak at any meeting of
Holders of Securities of any series shall be the Persons entitled to vote at
such meeting and their counsel, any representatives of the Trustee and its
counsel and any representatives of the Company and its counsel.

     SECTION 1504.  QUORUM; ACTION. The Persons entitled to vote a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of a series shall constitute a
quorum for a meeting of Holders of Securities of such series; PROVIDED, HOWEVER,
that if any action is to be taken at such meeting with respect to a consent or
waiver which this Indenture expressly provides may be given by the Holders of
not less than a specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of a series, the Persons entitled to vote such specified percentage
in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series shall
constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum within 30 minutes after the time
appointed for any such meeting, the meeting shall, if convened at the request of
Holders of Securities of such series, be dissolved. In any other case the
meeting may be adjourned for a period of not less than 10 days as determined by
the chairman of the meeting prior to the adjournment of such meeting. In the
absence of a quorum at the reconvening of any such adjourned meeting, such
adjourned meeting may be further adjourned for a period of not less than 10
days; at the reconvening of any meeting adjourned or further adjourned for lack
of a quorum, the persons entitled to vote 25% in aggregate principal amount of
the then Outstanding Securities shall constitute a quorum for the taking of any
action set forth in the notice of the original meeting. Notice of the
reconvening of any adjourned meeting shall be given as provided in Section
1502(a), except that such notice need be given only once not less than five days
prior to the date on which the meeting is scheduled to be reconvened.

     Except as limited by the proviso to Section 902, any resolution presented
to a meeting or adjourned meeting duly reconvened at which a quorum is present
as aforesaid may be adopted by the affirmative vote of the persons entitled to
vote a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
represented at such meeting; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that, except as limited by the
proviso to Section 902, any resolution with respect to any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action which this
Indenture expressly

                                       74
<Page>

provides may be made, given or taken by the Holders of a specified percentage,
which is less than a majority, in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of a series may be adopted at a meeting or an adjourned meeting duly reconvened
and at which a quorum is present as aforesaid by the affirmative vote of the
Holders of such specified percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding
Securities of that series.

     Any resolution passed or decision taken at any meeting of Holders of
Securities of any series duly held in accordance with this Section shall be
binding on all the Holders of Securities of such series and the related coupons,
whether or not present or represented at the meeting.

     Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1504, if any
action is to be taken at a meeting of Holders of Securities of any series with
respect to any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent,
waiver or other action that this Indenture expressly provides may be made, given
or taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in principal amount of all
Outstanding Securities affected thereby, or of the Holders of such series and
one or more additional series:

               (i)     there shall be no minimum quorum requirement for such
          meeting; and

               (ii)    the principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of
          such series that vote in favor of such request, demand, authorization,
          direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action shall be taken into
          account in determining whether such request, demand, authorization,
          direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action has been made,
          given or taken under this Indenture.

     SECTION 1505.  DETERMINATION OF VOTING RIGHTS; CONDUCT AND ADJOURNMENT OF
MEETINGS.

          (a)  Notwithstanding any provisions of this Indenture, the Trustee may
make such reasonable regulations as it may deem advisable for any meeting of
Holders of Securities of a series in regard to proof of the holding of
Securities of such series and of the appointment of proxies and in regard to the
appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of
proxies, certificates and other evidence of the right to vote, and such other
matters concerning the conduct of the meeting as it shall deem appropriate.
Except as otherwise permitted or required by any such regulations, the holding
of Securities shall be proved in the manner specified in Section 104 and the
appointment of any proxy shall be proved in the manner specified in Section 104
or by having the signature of the Person executing the proxy witnessed or
guaranteed by any trust company, bank or banker authorized by Section 104 to
certify to the holding of Bearer Securities. Such regulations may provide that
written instruments appointing proxies, regular on their face, may be presumed
valid and genuine without the proof specified in Section 104 or other proof.

          (b)  The Trustee shall, by an instrument in writing appoint a
temporary chairman of the meeting, unless the meeting shall have been called by
the Company or by Holders of Securities as provided in Section 1502(b), in which
case the Company or the Holders of Securities of the series calling the meeting,
as the case may be, shall in like manner appoint a

                                       75
<Page>

temporary chairman. A permanent chairman and a permanent secretary of the
meeting shall be elected by vote of the Persons entitled to vote a majority in
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series represented at the
meeting.

          (c)  At any meeting each Holder of a Security of such series or proxy
shall be entitled to one vote for each $1,000 principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series held or represented by him; PROVIDED,
HOWEVER, that no vote shall be cast or counted at any meeting in respect of any
Security challenged as not Outstanding and ruled by the chairman of the meeting
to be not Outstanding. The chairman of the meeting shall have no right to vote,
except as a Holder of a Security of such series or proxy.

          (d)  Any meeting of Holders of Securities of any series duly called
pursuant to Section 1502 at which a quorum is present may be adjourned from time
to time by Persons entitled to vote a majority in principal amount of the
Outstanding Securities of such series represented at the meeting, and the
meeting may be held as so adjourned without further notice.

     SECTION 1506.  COUNTING VOTES AND RECORDING ACTION OF MEETINGS. The vote
upon any resolution submitted to any meeting of Holders of Securities of any
series shall be by written ballots on which shall be subscribed the signatures
of the Holders of Securities of such series or of their representatives by proxy
and the principal amounts and serial numbers of the Outstanding Securities of
such series held or represented by them. The permanent chairman of the meeting
shall appoint two inspectors of votes who shall count all votes cast at the
meeting for or against any resolution and who shall make and file with the
secretary of the meeting their verified written reports in duplicate of all
votes cast at the meeting. A record, at least in duplicate, of the proceedings
of each meeting of Holders of Securities of any series shall be prepared by the
secretary of the meeting and there shall be attached to said record the original
reports of the inspectors of votes on any vote by ballot taken thereat and
affidavits by one or more persons having knowledge of the fact, setting forth a
copy of the notice of the meeting and showing that said notice was given as
provided in Section 1502 and, if applicable, Section 1504. Each copy shall be
signed and verified by the affidavits of the permanent chairman and secretary of
the meeting and one such copy shall be delivered to the Company and another to
the Trustee to be preserved by the Trustee, the latter to have attached thereto
the ballots voted at the meeting. Any record so signed and verified shall be
conclusive evidence of the matters therein stated.

                   ARTICLE SIXTEEN - CONVERSION OF SECURITIES

     SECTION 1601.  APPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE; CONVERSION PRIVILEGE AND
CONVERSION PRICE. Securities of any series which are convertible shall be
convertible in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as
contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series) in accordance with
this Article Sixteen. Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of this
Article Sixteen, at any time during the period specified in the Securities, at
the option of the Holder thereof, any Security or any portion of the principal
amount thereof which is $1,000 or an integral multiple of $1,000 may be
converted at the principal amount thereof, or of such portion thereof, into
fully paid and nonassessable shares (calculated as to each conversion to the
nearest 1/100 of a share) of Common Stock of the Company, at the Conversion
Price, determined as hereinafter provided, in effect at the time of conversion.
In case a Security or

                                       76
<Page>

portion thereof is called for redemption, such conversion right in respect of
the Security or portion so called shall expire at the close of business on the
Business Day immediately preceding the Redemption Date, unless the Company
defaults in making the payment due upon redemption, in which case such
conversion right shall terminate on the date such default is cured.

     The price at which shares of Common Stock shall be delivered upon
conversion (herein called the "Conversion Price") of Securities of any series
shall be specified in such Securities. The Conversion Price shall be adjusted in
certain instances as provided in Section 1604.

     In case the Company shall, by dividend or otherwise, declare or make a
distribution on its Common Stock referred to in paragraph (4) of Section 1604,
the Holder of each Security, upon the conversion thereof pursuant to this
Article Sixteen subsequent to the close of business on the date fixed for the
determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution and prior to
the effectiveness of the Conversion Price adjustment in respect of such
distribution pursuant to paragraph (4) of Section 1604, shall be entitled to
receive for each share of Common Stock into which such Security is converted,
the portion of the evidence of indebtedness, shares of Capital Stock or assets
so distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock; provided, however, that,
at the election of the Company (whose election shall be evidenced by a Board
Resolution filed with the Trustee) with respect to all Holders so converting,
the Company may, in lieu of distributing to such Holder any portion of such
distribution not consisting of cash or securities of the Company, pay such
Holder an amount in cash equal to the fair market value thereof (as determined
in good faith by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive
and described in a Board Resolution filed with the Trustee). If any conversion
of a Security entitled to the benefits described in the immediately preceding
sentence occurs prior to the payment date for a distribution to holders of
Common Stock which the Holder of the Security so converted is entitled to
receive in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence, the Company may
elect (such election to be evidenced by a Board Resolution filed with the
Trustee) to distribute to such Holder a due bill for the evidences of
indebtedness, shares of Capital Stock or assets to which such Holder is so
entitled, provided that such due bill (i) meets any applicable requirements of
the principal over-the-counter market or national securities exchange or other
market on which the Common Stock is then traded, and (ii) requires payment or
delivery of such evidences of indebtedness or assets no later than the date of
payment or delivery thereof to holders of Common Stock receiving such
distribution.

     SECTION 1602.  EXERCISE OF CONVERSION PRIVILEGE. In order to exercise the
conversion privilege, the Holder of any Security to be converted shall surrender
such Security, duly endorsed or assigned to the Company or in blank, at any
office or agency maintained by the Company pursuant to Section 1002, accompanied
by written notice to the Company at such office or agency that the Holder elects
to convert such Security or, if less than the entire principal amount thereof is
to be converted, the portion thereof to be converted and shall comply with any
additional requirements set forth in such Security. Securities surrendered for
conversion during the period from the close of business on any Regular Record
Date next preceding any Interest Payment Date to the opening of business on such
Interest Payment Date shall (except for Securities the Maturity of which is
prior to such Interest Payment Date) be accompanied by payment in funds
acceptable to the Company of an amount equal to the interest payable on such
Interest Payment Date on the principal amount of Securities being surrendered
for conversion

                                       77
<Page>

and such interest shall be paid on such Interest Payment Date as provided in
Section 307. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, no payment or
adjustment shall be made upon any conversion on account of any interest accrued
on the Securities surrendered for conversion or on account of any dividends on
the Common Stock issued upon conversion.

     The Company's delivery to the Holder of the fixed number of shares of the
Common Stock of the Company (and any cash in lieu of any fractional share of
Common Stock) into which the Security is convertible shall be deemed to satisfy
the Company's obligation to pay the principal amount of the Security and all
accrued interest and original issue discount that has not previously been paid.
The shares of Common Stock of the Company so delivered shall be treated as
issued first in payment of accrued interest and original issue discount and then
in payment of principal. Thus, accrued interest and original issue discount
shall be treated as paid, rather than canceled, extinguished or forfeited.

     Securities shall be deemed to have been converted immediately prior to the
close of business on the day of surrender of such Securities for conversion in
accordance with the foregoing provisions, and at such time the rights of the
Holders of such Securities as Holders shall cease, and the Person or Persons
entitled to receive the Common Stock issuable upon conversion shall be treated
for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such Common Stock at such
time. As promptly as practicable on or after the conversion date, the Company
shall issue and shall deliver at such office or agency a certificate or
certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon
conversion, together with payment in lieu of any fraction of a share, as
provided in Section 1603.

     In the case of any Security which is converted in part only, as promptly as
practicable on or after the conversion date the Company shall execute and the
Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery to the Holder thereof
(or the Depositary in the case of a Global Security), at the expense of the
Company, a new Security or Securities, of authorized denominations in aggregate
principal amount equal to the unconverted portion of the principal amount of
such Security.

     SECTION 1603.  FRACTIONS OF SHARES. No fractional shares of Common Stock
shall be issued upon conversion of Securities. If more than one Security shall
be surrendered for conversion at one time by the same Holder, the number of full
shares of Common Stock which shall be issuable upon conversion thereof shall be
computed on the basis of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities (or
specified portions thereof) so surrendered. Instead of any fractional share of
Common Stock which would otherwise be issuable upon conversion of any Security
or Securities (or specified portions thereof), the Company shall pay a cash
adjustment (rounded to the nearest cent) in respect of such fraction in an
amount equal to the same fraction of the Closing Price per share of the Common
Stock on the day of conversion (or, if such day is not a Trading Day, on the
Trading Day immediately preceding such day).

     SECTION 1604.  ADJUSTMENT OF CONVERSION PRICE. The Conversion Price shall
be subject to adjustment from time to time as follows:

                                       78
<Page>

          (1)  If the Company pays or makes a dividend or other distribution (a)
     on its Common Stock exclusively in Common Stock or (b) on any other class
     of Capital Stock of the Company, which dividend or distribution includes
     Common Stock of the Company, the Conversion Price in effect at the opening
     of business on the day following the date fixed for the determination of
     stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or other distribution (the
     "Dividend Record Date") shall be reduced by multiplying such Conversion
     Price by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of
     Common Stock of the Company outstanding at the close of business on the
     Dividend Record Date and the denominator shall be the sum of such number of
     shares and the total number of shares constituting such dividend or other
     distribution. Such reduction shall become effective immediately after the
     opening of business on the day following the date fixed for such
     determination. For the purposes of this paragraph (1), the number of shares
     of Common Stock of the Company at any time outstanding shall not include
     shares held in the treasury of the Company, but shall include shares
     issuable in respect of scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of
     shares of Common Stock. The Company shall not pay any dividend or make any
     distribution on shares of Common Stock held in the treasury of the Company.

          (2)  Subject to paragraph (6) of this Section, if the Company pays or
     makes a dividend or other distribution on its Common Stock consisting
     exclusively of Short Term Rights (as defined below), or otherwise issues
     Short Term Rights to all holders of its Common Stock, the Conversion Price
     in effect at the opening of business on the day following the record date
     for the determination of holders of Common Stock entitled to receive such
     Short Term Rights (the "Rights Record Date") shall be reduced by
     multiplying such Conversion Price by a fraction of which the numerator
     shall be the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company outstanding at
     the close of business on the Rights Record Date plus the number of shares
     of Common Stock of the Company which the aggregate of the offering price of
     the total number of shares of Common Stock so offered for subscription or
     purchase would purchase at such current market price and the denominator
     shall be the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company outstanding at
     the close of business on the Rights Record Date plus the number of shares
     of Common Stock so offered for subscription or purchase. Such reduction
     shall become effective immediately after the opening of business on the day
     following the Rights Record Date. For the purposes of this paragraph (2),
     the number of shares of Common Stock of the Company at any time outstanding
     shall not include shares held in the treasury of the Company, but shall
     include shares issuable in respect of scrip certificates issued in lieu of
     fractions of shares of Common Stock of the Company. The Company shall not
     issue any rights, options or warrants in respect of shares of its Common
     Stock held in the treasury of the Company. When used in this Section 1604,
     the term "Short Term Rights" shall mean rights, warrants or options
     entitling the holders thereof (for a period commencing no earlier than the
     Rights Record Date and expiring not more than 45 days after the Rights
     Record Date) to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock of the
     Company at a price per share less than the current market price per share
     (determined as provided in paragraph (7) of this Section 1604) of the
     Common Stock of the Company on the Rights Record Date.

                                       79
<Page>

          (3)  In case outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company shall
     be subdivided into a greater number of shares of Common Stock, the
     Conversion Price in effect at the opening of business on the day following
     the day upon which such subdivision becomes effective shall be
     proportionately reduced, and, conversely, in case outstanding shares of
     Common Stock of the Company shall be combined into a smaller number of
     shares of Common Stock, the Conversion Price in effect at the opening of
     business on the day following the day upon which such combination becomes
     effective shall be proportionately increased, such reduction or increase,
     as the case may be, to become effective immediately after the opening of
     business on the day following the day upon which such subdivision or
     combination becomes effective.

          (4)  Subject to the last sentence of this paragraph (4) of this
     Section, if the Company, by dividend or otherwise, (a) distributes to all
     holders of its Common Stock evidences of its indebtedness, shares of any
     class of Capital Stock of the Company or other assets (other than cash
     dividends out of current or retained earnings), or (b) distributes to
     substantially all holders of Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe
     for securities (other than Short Term Rights to which paragraph (2) of this
     Section 1604 applies), the Conversion Price shall be reduced by multiplying
     such Conversion Price by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the
     current market price per share (determined as provided in paragraph (7) of
     this Section 1604) of the Common Stock of the Company on the Reference Date
     (as defined below) less the fair market value (as determined in good faith
     by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive and
     described in a Board Resolution filed with the Trustee), on the Reference
     Date, of the portion of the evidences of indebtedness and other assets so
     distributed or of such subscription rights or warrants applicable to one
     share of Common Stock (collectively, the "Market Value of the
     Distribution") and the denominator shall be such current market price per
     share of the Common Stock of the Company. Such reduction shall become
     effective immediately prior to the opening of business on the day (the
     "Reference Date") following the later of (a) the date fixed for the payment
     of such distribution and (b) the date 20 days after notice relating to such
     distribution is required to be given pursuant to Section 1606(a). If the
     Board of Directors determines the fair market value of any distribution for
     purposes of this paragraph (4) by reference to the actual or when issued
     trading market for any securities comprising such distribution, it must in
     doing so consider the prices in such market over the same period used in
     computing the current market price per share pursuant to paragraph (7) of
     this Section 1604. In the event that, with respect to any distribution to
     which this paragraph (4) of Section 1604 would otherwise apply, the Market
     Value of the Distribution is greater than the current market price per
     share of the Common Stock (such distribution being referred to herein as an
     "Unadjusted Distribution"), then the adjustment provided by this paragraph
     (4) shall not be made and in lieu thereof the provisions of Section 1611
     shall apply with respect to such Unadjusted Distribution.

          (5)  The Company may, but shall not be required to, make such
     reductions in the Conversion Price, in addition to those required by
     paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (4) of this Section 1604, as it considers to
     be advisable in order that any event treated for federal income tax
     purposes as a dividend of stock or stock rights shall not be taxable to the
     recipients. In addition, the Company, from time to time, may decrease the

                                       80
<Page>

     Conversion Price by any amount and for any reason, temporarily or
     otherwise, including situations where the Board of Directors determines
     such decrease to be fair and appropriate with respect to transactions in
     which holders of Common Stock have the right to participate.

          (6)  Rights or warrants issued or distributed by the Company to all
     holders of its Common Stock entitling the holders thereof to subscribe for
     or purchase shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock, which rights or
     warrants (i) are deemed to be transferred with such shares of Common Stock,
     (ii) are not exercisable and (iii) are also issued or distributed in
     respect of future issuances of Common Stock, in each case in clauses (i)
     through (iii) until the occurrence of a specified event or events ("Trigger
     Events"), shall for purposes of this Section 1604 not be deemed issued or
     distributed until the occurrence of the earliest Trigger Event. Each share
     of Common Stock issued upon conversion of Securities pursuant to this
     Article Sixteen shall be entitled to receive the appropriate number of
     Common Stock purchase rights (the "Rights"), if any, and the certificates
     representing the Common Stock issued upon conversion shall bear such
     legends, if any. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Article
     Sixteen, there shall not be any adjustment to the Conversion Price as a
     result of (i) the distribution of separate certificates representing the
     Rights; (ii) the occurrence of certain events entitling holders of Rights
     to receive, upon exercise thereof, Common Stock or other securities of the
     Company or other securities of another corporation; or (iii) the exercise
     of such Rights. No adjustment in the Conversion Price need be made for
     rights to purchase or the sale of Common Stock pursuant to a Company plan
     providing for reinvestment of dividends or interest.

          (7)  For the purpose of any computation under paragraph (2), (4) or
     (5) of this Section 1604, the "current market price" per share of Common
     Stock of the Company on any date shall be deemed to be the average of the
     daily Closing Prices for the 15 consecutive Trading Days selected by the
     Company commencing not more than 30 Trading Days before, and ending not
     later than, the date in question.

          (8)  No adjustment in the Conversion Price shall be required unless
     such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least 1% in the
     Conversion Price; provided, however, that any adjustments which by reason
     of this paragraph (8) are not required to be made shall be carried forward
     and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. All calculations under
     this Article Sixteen shall be made to the nearest cent or to the nearest
     one-hundredth of a share of Common Stock, as the case may be.

          (9)  Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event the
     Company shall declare any dividend or distribution requiring an adjustment
     in the Conversion Price hereunder and shall, thereafter and before the
     payment of such dividend or distribution to stockholders, legally abandon
     its plan to pay such dividend or distribution, the Conversion Price then in
     effect hereunder, if changed to reflect such dividend or distribution,
     shall upon the legal abandonment of such plan be changed to the Conversion
     Price which would have been in effect at the time of such abandonment
     (after giving effect to all other adjustments not so legally abandoned
     pursuant to the provisions of this Article Sixteen) had such dividend or
     distribution never been declared.

                                       81
<Page>

          (10) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 1604, no
     adjustment to the Conversion Price shall reduce the Conversion Price below
     the then par value per share of the Common Stock of the Company, and any
     such purported adjustment shall instead reduce the Conversion Price to such
     par value. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the Company hereby
     covenants that it will from time to time take all such action as may be
     required to assure that the par value per share of the Common Stock is at
     all times equal to or less than the Conversion Price.

          (11) In the event that this Article Sixteen requires adjustments to
     the Conversion Price under more than one of paragraphs (1), (2), (3) or (4)
     of this Section 1604, and the record or effective dates for the transaction
     giving rise to such adjustments shall occur on the same date, then such
     adjustments shall be made by applying (to the extent they are applicable),
     first, the provisions of paragraph (3) of this Section 1604, second, the
     provisions of paragraph (1) of this Section 1604, third, the provisions of
     paragraph (4) of this Section 1604 and, fourth, the provisions of paragraph
     (2) of this Section 1604. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding,
     no single event shall require or result in duplicative adjustments in the
     Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 1604. After an adjustment to the
     Conversion Price under this Article Sixteen, any subsequent event requiring
     an adjustment under this Article Sixteen shall cause an adjustment to the
     Conversion Price as so adjusted. If, after an adjustment, a Holder of a
     Security upon conversion of such Security receives shares of two or more
     classes of Capital Stock of the Company, the Conversion Price shall
     thereafter be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of an action taken
     with respect to any such class of Capital Stock as is contemplated by this
     Article Sixteen with respect to the Common Stock in this Article Sixteen.

     SECTION 1605.  NOTICE OF ADJUSTMENTS OF CONVERSION PRICE. Whenever the
Conversion Price is adjusted as herein provided:

          (1)  the Company shall compute the adjusted Conversion Price in
     accordance with Section 1604 or Section 1611 and shall prepare an Officer's
     Certificate setting forth the adjusted Conversion Price and showing in
     reasonable detail the facts upon which such adjustment is based, and such
     certificate shall forthwith be filed (with a copy to the Trustee) at each
     office or agency maintained for the purpose of conversion of any Securities
     pursuant to Section 1002; and

          (2)  a notice stating that the Conversion Price has been adjusted and
     setting forth the adjusted Conversion Price shall forthwith be required,
     and as soon as practicable after it is required, such notice shall be
     mailed by the Company to all Holders at their last addresses as they shall
     appear in the Security Register.

     SECTION 1606.  NOTICE OF CERTAIN CORPORATE ACTION. In case:

          (1)  the Company shall take any action that would require a Conversion
     Price adjustment pursuant to Section 1604 or Section 1611; or

          (2)  there shall occur any reclassification of the Common Stock of the
     Company (other than a subdivision or combination of its outstanding shares
     of Common Stock), or any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a
     party, or the sale,

                                       82
<Page>

     transfer or lease of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company
     and for which approval of any stockholders of the Company is required; or

          (3)  there shall occur the voluntary or involuntary dissolution,
     liquidation or winding up of the Company, then the Company shall cause to
     be filed at each office or agency maintained for the purpose of conversion
     of Securities pursuant to Section 1002, and shall cause to be mailed to all
     Holders at their last addresses as they shall appear in the Security
     Register, at least 10 days prior to the applicable record, effective or
     expiration date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on
     which a record is to be taken for the purpose of any dividend, distribution
     or granting of rights, warrants or options, or, if a record is not to be
     taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock of record to be
     entitled to such dividend, distribution, rights, options or warrants are to
     be determined, or (y) the date on which such reclassification,
     consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding
     up is expected to become effective, and, if applicable, the date as of
     which it is expected that holders of Common Stock of record shall be
     entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock for securities, cash or
     other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation,
     merger, sale, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding up.

     SECTION 1607.  COMPANY TO RESERVE COMMON STOCK. The Company shall at all
times reserve and keep available, free from preemptive rights, out of its
authorized but unissued Common Stock, for the purpose of effecting the
conversion of Securities, a number of shares of Common Stock for the conversion
of all outstanding Securities of any series which is convertible into Common
Stock.

     SECTION 1608.  TAXES ON CONVERSION. The Company will pay any and all taxes
that may be payable in respect of the issue or delivery of shares of Common
Stock on conversion of Securities pursuant hereto. The Company shall not,
however, be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any
transfer involved in the issue and delivery of shares of Common Stock in a name
other than that of the Holder of the Security or Securities to be converted, and
no such issue or delivery shall be made unless and until the Person requesting
such issue has paid to the Company the amount of any such tax, or has
established to the satisfaction of the Company that such tax has been paid.

     SECTION 1609.  Covenants as to Common Stock. The Company covenants that all
shares of Common Stock which may be issued upon conversion of Securities will
upon issue be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free of
preemptive or any similar rights, and, except as provided in Section 1608, the
Company will pay all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the issue thereof.

     The Company will endeavor promptly to comply with all Federal and state
securities laws regulating the offer and delivery of shares of Common Stock upon
conversion of Securities, if any, and will list or cause to have quoted such
shares of Common Stock on each national securities exchange or in the
over-the-counter market or such other market on which the Common Stock is then
listed or quoted.

                                       83
<Page>

     SECTION 1610.  CANCELLATION OF CONVERTED SECURITIES. All Securities
delivered for conversion shall be delivered to the Trustee to be cancelled by or
at the direction of the Trustee, which shall dispose of the same as provided in
Section 309.

     SECTION 1611.  PROVISIONS IN CASE OF CONSOLIDATION, MERGER OR SALE OF
ASSETS; SPECIAL DISTRIBUTIONS. If any of the following shall occur, namely: (i)
any reclassification or change of outstanding shares of Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of Securities (other than a change in par value, or from par
value to no par value, or from no par value to par value, or as a result of a
subdivision or combination), (ii) any consolidation or merger to which the
Company is a party other than a merger in which the Company is the continuing
corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change
(other than a change in name, or par value, or from par value to no par value,
or from no par value to par value or as a result of a subdivision or
combination) in, outstanding shares of Common Stock or (iii) any sale or
conveyance of all or substantially all of the property or business of the
Company as an entirety, then the Person formed by such consolidation or
resulting from such merger or which acquires such properties or assets, as the
case may be, shall as a condition precedent to such transaction execute and
deliver to the Trustee a supplemental indenture providing that the Holder of
each Security then outstanding shall have the right thereafter, during the
period such Security shall be convertible as specified in Section 1601, to
convert such Security only into the kind and amount of securities, cash and
other property receivable, if any, upon such consolidation, merger, sale,
transfer or lease by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock of the
Company into which such Security might have been converted immediately prior to
such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease; provided that the kind and
amount of securities, cash and other property so receivable shall be determined
on the basis of the following assumptions. The holder of Common Stock referred
to in the foregoing sentence:

          (1)  is not (a) a Person with which the Company consolidated, (b) a
     Person into which the Company merged or which merged into the Company, or
     (c) a Person to which such sale, transfer or lease was made (any Person
     described in the foregoing clauses (a), (b), or (c), hereinafter referred
     to as a "Constituent Person"), or (d) an Affiliate of a Constituent Person;
     and

          (2)  failed to exercise his rights of election, if any, as to the kind
     or amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such
     consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease (provided that if the kind
     or amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such
     consolidation, merger, sale transfer or lease is not the same for each
     share of Common Stock of the Company in respect of which such rights of
     election shall not have been exercised, then for the purpose of this
     Section 1611 the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property
     receivable upon such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease shall
     be deemed to be the kind and amount so receivable per share by a plurality
     of such shares of Common Stock).

     Such supplemental indenture shall provide for adjustments which, for events
subsequent to the effective date of such supplemental indenture, shall be as
nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this
Article Sixteen. If, in the case of any such consolidation, merger, sale
transfer or lease the stock or other securities and property (including cash)
receivable thereupon by a holder of Common Stock includes shares of stock or
other

                                       84
<Page>

securities and property of a corporation other than the successor or purchasing
corporation, as the case may be, in such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer
or lease then such supplemental indenture shall also be executed by such other
corporation and shall contain such additional provisions to protect the
interests of the Holders of the Securities as the Board of Directors of the
Company shall reasonably consider necessary by reason of the foregoing. The
above provisions of this Section 1611 shall similarly apply to successive
consolidations, mergers, sales, transfers or leases.

     In the event the Company shall execute a supplemental indenture pursuant to
this Section 1611, the Company shall promptly file with the Trustee an Officers'
Certificate briefly stating the reasons therefor, the kind or amount of shares
of stock or securities or property (including cash) receivable by Holders of the
Securities upon the conversion of their Securities after any such
reclassification, change, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or lease and any
adjustment to be made with respect thereto.

     If the Company makes a distribution to all holders of its Common Stock that
constitutes an Unadjusted Distribution pursuant to the last sentence of
paragraph (4) of Section 1604, then, from and after the record date for
determining the holders of Common Stock entitled to receive such distribution
(the "Distribution Record Date"), a Holder of a Security who converts such
Security in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture shall, upon
conversion, be entitled to receive, in addition to the shares of Common Stock
into which the Security is convertible, the kind and amount of evidences of
indebtedness, shares of Capital Stock, or other assets or subscription rights or
warrants, as the case may be, comprising the distribution that such Holder would
have received if such Holder had converted the Security immediately prior to the
Distribution Record Date.

     SECTION 1612.  TRUSTEE ADJUSTMENT DISCLAIMER; COMPANY DETERMINATION FINAL.
The Trustee has no duty to determine when an adjustment under this Article
Sixteen should be made, how it should be made or what it should be. The Trustee
has no duty to determine whether a supplemental indenture under Section 1611
need be entered into or whether any provisions of any supplemental indenture are
correct. The Trustee shall not be accountable for and makes no representation as
to the validity or value of any securities or assets issued upon conversion of
Securities. The Trustee shall not be responsible for the Company's failure to
comply with this Article Sixteen. Any determination that the Company or the
Board of Directors must make pursuant to this Article Sixteen is conclusive,
absent manifest error.

     SECTION 1613.  WHEN NO ADJUSTMENT REQUIRED. Except as expressly set forth
in Section 1604, no adjustment in the Conversion Price shall be made because the
Company issues, in exchange for cash, property or services, shares of its Common
Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of its
Common Stock, or securities (including warrants, rights and options) carrying
the right to subscribe for or purchase shares of its Common Stock or such
convertible or exchangeable securities.

          (1)  Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, no adjustment in
     the Conversion Price shall be made pursuant to Section 1604 in respect of
     any dividend or distribution if the Holders may participate therein (on a
     basis to be determined in good

                                       85
<Page>

     faith by the Board of Directors) and receive the same consideration they
     would have received if they had converted the Securities immediately prior
     to the record date with respect to such dividend or distribution.

     SECTION 1614.  EQUIVALENT ADJUSTMENTS. In the event that, as a result of an
adjustment made pursuant to Section 1604 above, the holder of any Security
thereafter surrendered for conversion shall become entitled to receive any
shares of Capital Stock of the Company other than shares of its Common Stock,
thereafter the Conversion Price of such other shares so receivable upon
conversion of any Securities shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in
a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with
respect to Common Stock contained in this Article Sixteen.

                                       86
<Page>

                              SIGNATURES AND SEALS

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be
duly executed all as of the day and year first above written.

                                          WATTS WATER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


                                          By:
                                             ----------------------------------
                                          Name:
                                          Title:


                                          Attest:
                                                 ------------------------------
                                          Name:
                                          Title:


                                           [_________________________],
                                          as Trustee


                                          By:
                                             ----------------------------------
                                          Name:
                                          Title:


                                          Attest:
                                                 ------------------------------
                                          Name:
                                          Title:

                                       87
<Page>

                                 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

STATE OF [__________]


                                                                           ) ss:

COUNTY OF [__________]

On the [_____] day of [__________], before me personally came [_______________],
to me known, who, being by me duly sworn, did depose and say that he/she is the
[__________] of Watts Water Technologies, Inc., one of the parties described in
and which executed the foregoing instrument, and that he signed his name thereto
by authority of the Board of Directors.

[Notarial Seal]


--------------------------------
Notary Public
Commission Expires

STATE OF [__________]

                                                                           ) ss:

COUNTY OF

On the [_____] day of [__________], before me personally came [_______________],
to me known, who, being by me duly sworn, did depose and say that he/she is a
[__________] of [_________________________], one of the parties described in and
which executed the foregoing instrument, and that he/she signed his/her name
thereto by authority of the Board of Directors.

[Notarial Seal]


--------------------------------
Notary Public
Commission Expires

                                       88
<Page>

                                    EXHIBIT A

              FORM OF REDEEMABLE OR NON-REDEEMABLE SENIOR SECURITY

                               [Face of Security]

[If the Holder of this Security (as indicated below) is The Depository Trust
Company ("DTC") or a nominee of DTC, this Security is a Global Security and the
following two legends apply:

UNLESS THIS SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE
DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY ("DTC"), 55 WATER STREET, NEW YORK, NEW YORK TO THE
ISSUER OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER, CONVERSION, EXCHANGE OR
PAYMENT, AND SUCH SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE & CO., OR
SUCH OTHER NAME AS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF DTC, ANY
TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON
IS WRONGFUL, SINCE THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE & CO., HAS AN INTEREST
HEREIN.

UNLESS AND UNTIL THIS SECURITY IS EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR SECURITIES
IN CERTIFICATED FORM, THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED EXCEPT AS A WHOLE BY
DTC TO A NOMINEE THEREOF OR BY A NOMINEE THEREOF TO DTC OR ANOTHER NOMINEE OF
DTC OR BY DTC OR ANY SUCH NOMINEE TO A SUCCESSOR OF DTC OR A NOMINEE OF SUCH
SUCCESSOR.]

[IF THIS SECURITY IS AN ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT SECURITY, INSERT -- FOR PURPOSES
OF SECTION 1273 and 1275 OF THE UNITED STATES INTERNAL REVENUE CODE, THE AMOUNT
OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT ON THIS SECURITY IS [___]% OF ITS PRINCIPAL AMOUNT,
THE ISSUE DATE IS [__________], AND THE YIELD TO MATURITY IS [___]%. THE METHOD
USED TO DETERMINE THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT APPLICABLE TO THE SHORT
ACCRUAL PERIOD OF [__________] TO [__________], IS [___]% OF THE PRINCIPAL
AMOUNT OF THIS SECURITY.]

                         WATTS WATER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

                             [Designation of Series]

No. ______________                                                   $__________

Watts Water Technologies, Inc., a Delaware corporation (herein referred to as
the "Company," which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture
referred to on the reverse hereof), for value received, hereby promises to pay
to [__________] or registered assigns the principal sum of [__________] Dollars
on [__________] (the "Stated Maturity Date") [or INSERT DATE FIXED FOR EARLIER
REDEMPTION (the "Redemption Date," and together with the Stated Maturity Date
with respect to principal repayable on such date, the "Maturity Date.")]

[IF THE SECURITY IS TO BEAR INTEREST PRIOR TO MATURITY, INSERT -- and to pay
interest thereon from [__________] or from the most recent Interest Payment Date
to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually on
[__________] and [__________] in each year (each, an "Interest Payment Date"),
commencing [__________], at the rate of [___]% per annum, until the

                                       A-1
<Page>

principal hereof is paid or duly provided for. The interest so payable, and
punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as
provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Holder in whose name this Security
(or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business
on the Regular Record Date for such interest, which shall be the [__________] or
[__________] (whether or not a Business Day), as the case may be, next preceding
such Interest Payment Date [at the office or agency of the Company maintained
for such purpose; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that such interest may be paid, at the
Company's option, by mailing a check to such Holder at its registered address or
by transfer of funds to an account maintained by such Holder within the United
States]. Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for shall
forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date, and may
be paid to the Holder in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor
Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for
the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice
whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities of this series not less than 10
days prior to such Special Record Date, or may be paid at any time in any other
lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any over-the-counter
market or securities exchange on which the Securities of this series may be
quoted or listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such market or
exchange, all as more fully provided in the Indenture. Interest will be computed
on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months.]

[IF THE SECURITY IS NOT TO BEAR INTEREST PRIOR TO MATURITY, INSERT -- The
principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a
default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at the
[Stated] Maturity Date and in such case the overdue principal of this Security
shall bear interest at the rate of [___]% per annum (to the extent that the
payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from
the date of such default in payment to the date payment of such principal has
been made or duly provided for. Interest on any overdue principal shall be
payable on demand. Any such interest on any overdue principal that is not so
paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of [___]% per annum (to the
extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which
shall accrue from the date of such demand for payment to the date payment of
such interest has been made or duly provided for, and such interest shall also
be payable on demand.]

The principal of this Security payable on the Stated Maturity Date [or the
principal of, premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, and, if the Redemption Date
is not an Interest Payment Date, interest on this Security payable on the
Redemption Date] will be paid against presentation of this Security at the
office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in [__________], in
such coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment
is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts.

Interest payable on this Security on any Interest Payment Date and on the
[Stated] Maturity Date [or Redemption Date, as the case may be,] will include
interest accrued from and including the next preceding Interest Payment Date in
respect of which interest has been paid or duly provided for (or from and
including [__________], if no interest has been paid on this Security) to but
excluding such Interest Payment Date or the [Stated] Maturity Date [or
Redemption Date, as the case may be.] If any Interest Payment Date or the
[Stated] Maturity Date or [Redemption Date] falls on a day that is not a
Business Day, as defined below, principal, premium or Make-Whole

                                       A-2
<Page>

Amount, if any, and/or interest payable with respect to such Interest Payment
Date or [Stated] Maturity Date [or Redemption Date, as the case may be,] will be
paid on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if it
were paid on the date such payment was due, and no interest shall accrue on the
amount so payable for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date or
[Stated] Maturity Date [or Redemption Date, as the case may be.] "Business Day"
means any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, on which banks in [__________]
are not required or authorized by law or executive order to close.

[IF THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY, INSERT -- All payments of principal,
premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any, and interest in respect of this Security
will be made by the Company in immediately available funds.]

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on
the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the
same effect as if set forth at this place.

Unless the Certificate of Authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee
by manual signature of one of its authorized signatories, this Security shall
not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture, or be valid or obligatory
for any purpose.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed
under its facsimile corporate seal.

Dated: [__________]

                                            WATTS WATER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.


                                            By:
                                               ---------------------------------
                                               Name:
                                               Title:


Attest:


---------------------------------
Secretary

                                       A-3
<Page>

                              [Reverse of Security]

                         WATTS WATER TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company
(herein called the "Securities"), issued and to be issued in one or more series
under an

Indenture, dated as of [__________] (herein called the "Indenture") between the
Company and [__________], as Trustee (herein called the "Trustee," which term
includes any successor trustee under the Indenture with respect to the series of
which this Security is a part), to which Indenture and all indentures
supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective
rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company,
the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities, and of the terms upon which the
Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Security is one
of the duly authorized series of Securities designated on the face hereof
(collectively, the "Securities"), [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT -- and the aggregate
principal amount of the Securities to be issued under such series is limited to
$[__________] (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon transfer
of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of other Securities).] All terms used in this
Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to
them in the Indenture.

If an Event of Default, as defined in the Indenture, shall occur and be
continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due
and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.

[IF APPLICABLE, INSERT -- The Securities may not be redeemed prior to the Stated
Maturity Date.]

[IF APPLICABLE, INSERT -- The Securities are subject to redemption [ (l) (IF
APPLICABLE, INSERT -- on [__________] in any year commencing with the year
[_____] and ending with the year [_____] through operation of the sinking fund
for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, and
(2) ] [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT -- at any time [on or after [__________]], as a
whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the following Redemption
Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount):

 If redeemed on or before [__________], [___]% and if redeemed during the
12-month period beginning [__________] of the years indicated at the Redemption
Prices indicated below.

<Table>
<Caption>
Year          Redemption Price        Year        Redemption Price
------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S>           <C>                     <C>         <C>


</Table>

and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to [___]% of the principal amount,
together in the case of any such redemption [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT -- (whether
through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise)] with accrued interest to
the Redemption Date; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that installments of interest on this
Security whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be
payable to the Holder of this Security, or one or more Predecessor Securities,
of

                                       A-4
<Page>

record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the
face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.]

     [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT -- The Securities are subject to redemption (1) on
[__________] in any year commencing with the year [_____] and ending with the
year [_____] through operation of the sinking fund for this series at the
Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking fund
(expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below,
and (2) at any time [on or after [__________]], as a whole or in part, at the
election of the Company, at the Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than
through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal
amount) set forth in the table below: If redeemed during the 12-month period
beginning [__________] of the years indicated,

<Table>
<Caption>
                                                                   Redemption Price for
                           Redemption Price for                  Redemption Otherwise Than
                            Redemption Through                   Through Operation of the
       Year          Operation of the Sinking Fund                     Sinking Fund
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
       <S>           <C>                                         <C>

</Table>

and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to [___]% of the principal amount,
together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the
sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued interest to the Redemption Date;
PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that installments of interest on this Security whose Stated
Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holder of
this Security, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of
business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as
provided in the Indenture.]

     [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT -- Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may
not, prior to [__________], redeem any Securities as contemplated by [Clause (2)
of] the preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding
operation by the application, directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having
an interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance with generally
accepted financial practice) of less than [___]% per annum.]

     [IF APPLICABLE, INSERT -- The sinking fund for the Securities provides for
the redemption on [__________] in each year, beginning with the year [_____] and
ending with the year [_____], of [not less than] $[__________]] [("mandatory
sinking fund") and not more than $[__________]] aggregate principal amount of
the Securities. [The Securities acquired or redeemed by the Company otherwise
than through [mandatory] sinking fund payments may be credited against
subsequent [mandatory] sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made in
the [DESCRIBE ORDER] order in which they become due.]]

     Notice of redemption will be given by mail to Holders of Securities, not
less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, all as provided
in the Indenture.

                                       A-5
<Page>

     In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or
Securities for the unredeemed portion hereof shall be issued in the name of the
Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.

     [If applicable, insert conversion provisions set forth in any Board
Resolution or indenture supplemental to the Indenture.]

     The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the
amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the
Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities under the Indenture at
any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of not
less than a majority of the aggregate principal amount of all Securities issued
under the Indenture at the time Outstanding and affected thereby. The Indenture
also contains provisions permitting the Holders of not less than a majority of
the aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities, on behalf of the
Holders of all such Securities, to waive compliance by the Company with certain
provisions of the Indenture. Furthermore, provisions in the Indenture permit the
Holders of not less than a majority of the aggregate principal amount, in
certain instances, of the Outstanding Securities of any series to waive, on
behalf of all of the Holders of Securities of such series, certain past defaults
under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the
Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and
upon all future Holders of this Security and other Securities issued upon the
registration of transfer hereof or conversion or in exchange herefor or in lieu
hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this
Security.

     No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or
of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is
absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole
Amount, if any) and interest on this Security at the times, places and rate, and
in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.

     As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein
[and herein] set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the
Security Register of the Company upon surrender of this Security for
registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any place
where the principal of (and premium or Make-Whole Amount, if any) and interest
on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written
instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security
Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or by his attorney duly authorized
in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities, of authorized
denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the
designated transferee or transferees.

     As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein
[and herein] set forth, this Security is exchangeable for a like aggregate
principal amount of Securities of different authorized denominations but
otherwise having the same terms and conditions, as requested by the Holder
hereof surrendering the same.

     The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form [without
coupons] in denominations of $[__________] and any integral multiple thereof.

                                       A-6
<Page>

     No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or
conversion or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith,

     Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the
Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the
Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all
purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the
Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

     No recourse shall be had for the payment of the principal of or premium or
Make-Whole Amount, if any, or the interest on this Security, or for any claim
based hereon, or otherwise in respect hereof, or based on or in respect of the
Indenture or any indenture supplemental thereto, against any past, present or
future stockholder, employee, officer or director, as such, of the Company or of
any successor, either directly or through the Company or any successor, whether
by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law or by the enforcement of
any assessment or penalty or otherwise, all such liability being, by the
acceptance hereof and as part of the consideration for the issue hereof,
expressly waived and released.

     The Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the laws of [the State of New York] applicable to agreements
made and to be performed entirely in such State.

                                       A-7
<Page>

                                    EXHIBIT B

                             FORMS OF CERTIFICATION

                                   EXHIBIT B-1

FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE GIVEN BY PERSON ENTITLED TO RECEIVE BEARER SECURITY OR
              TO OBTAIN INTEREST PAYABLE PRIOR TO THE EXCHANGE DATE

                                   CERTIFICATE

     [Insert title or sufficient description of Securities to be delivered]

     This is to certify that, as of the date hereof, and except as set forth
below, the above-captioned Securities held by you for our account (i) are owned
by person(s) that are not citizens or residents of the United States, domestic
partnerships, domestic corporations or any estate or trust the income of which
is subject to United States Federal income taxation regardless of its source
("United States person(s)"), (ii) are owned by United States person(s) that are
(a) foreign branches of United States financial institutions (financial
institutions, as defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section
2.165-12(c)(1)(v) are herein referred to as "financial institutions") purchasing
for their own account or for resale, or (b) United States person(s) who acquired
the Securities through foreign branches of United States financial institutions
and who hold the Securities through such United States financial institutions on
the date hereof (and in either case (a) or (b), each such United States
financial institution hereby agrees, on its own behalf or through its agent,
that you may advise Watts Water Technologies, Inc. or its agent that such
financial institution will comply with the requirements of Section 165(j)(3)(A),
(B) or (C) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and
the regulations thereunder), or (iii) are owned by United States or foreign
financial institution(s) for purposes of resale during the restricted period (as
defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(D)(7)),
and, in addition, if the owner is a United States or foreign financial
institution described in clause (iii) above (whether or not also described in
clause (i) or (ii)), this is to further certify that such financial institution
has not acquired the Securities for purposes of resale directly or indirectly to
a United States person or to a person within the United States or its
possessions.

     As used herein, "United States" means the United States of America
(including the States and the District of Columbia); and its "possessions"
include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake Island
and the Northern Mariana Islands.

     We undertake to advise you promptly by tested telex on or prior to the date
on which you intend to submit your certification relating to the above-captioned
Securities held by you for our account in accordance with your Operating
Procedures if any applicable statement herein is not correct on such date, and
in the absence of any such notification it may be assumed that this
certification applies as of such date.

     This certificate excepts and does not relate to [U.S.$] of such interest in
the above-captioned Securities in respect of which we

                                       B-1
<Page>

are not able to certify and as to which we understand an exchange for an
interest in a permanent Global Security or an exchange for and delivery of
definitive Securities (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) cannot be
made until we do so certify.

     We understand that this certificate may be required in connection with
certain tax legislation in the United States. If administrative or legal
proceedings are commenced or threatened in connection with which this
certificate is or would be relevant, we irrevocably authorize you to produce
this certificate or a copy thereof to any interested party in such proceedings.

     Dated: [__________]

     [To be dated no earlier than the 15th day prior to (i) the Exchange Date or
(ii) the relevant Interest Payment Date occurring prior to the Exchange Date, as
applicable]

                                     [Name of Person Making Certification]


                                     ------------------------------------
                                     (Authorized Signature)
                                     Name:
                                     Title:

                                       B-2
<Page>

                                   EXHIBIT B-2

FORM OF CERTIFICATE TO BE GIVEN BY EUROCLEAR AND CLEARSTREAM S.A. IN CONNECTION
   WITH THE EXCHANGE OF A PORTION OF A TEMPORARY GLOBAL SECURITY OR TO OBTAIN
                   INTEREST PAYABLE PRIOR TO THE EXCHANGE DATE

                                   CERTIFICATE

     [Insert title or sufficient description of Securities to be delivered]

     This is to certify that, based solely on written certifications that we
have received in writing, by tested telex or by electronic transmission from
each of the persons appearing in our records as persons entitled to a portion of
the principal amount set forth below (our "Member Organizations") substantially
in the form attached hereto, as of the date hereof, [U.S.$] principal amount of
the above-captioned Securities (i) is owned by person(s) that are not citizens
or residents of the United States, domestic partnerships, domestic corporations
or any estate or trust the income of which is subject to United States Federal
income taxation regardless of its source ("United States person(s)"), (ii) is
owned by United States person(s) that are (a) foreign branches of United States
financial institutions (financial institutions, as defined in U.S. Treasury
Regulations Section 1.165-12(c)(1)(v) are herein referred to as "financial
institutions") purchasing for their own account or for resale, or (b) United
States person(s) who acquired the Securities through foreign branches of United
States financial institutions and who hold the Securities through such United
States financial institutions on the date hereof (and in either case (a) or (b),
each such financial institution has agreed, on its own behalf or through its
agent, that we may advise Watts Water Technologies, Inc. or its agent that such
financial institution will comply with the requirements of Section 165(j)(3)(A),
(B) or (C) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations
thereunder), or (iii) is owned by United States or foreign financial
institution(s) for purposes of resale during the restricted period (as defined
in United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(D)(7)), and, to
the further effect, that financial institutions described in clause (iii) above
(whether or not also described in clause (i) or (ii)) have certified that they
have not acquired the Securities for purposes of resale directly or indirectly
to a United States person or to a person within the United States or its
possessions.

     As used herein, "United States" means the United States of America
(including the States and the District of Columbia); and its "Possessions"
include Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, Wake Island
and the Northern Mariana Islands.

     We further certify that (i) we are not making available herewith for
exchange (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) any portion of the
temporary Global Security representing the above-captioned Securities excepted
in the above-referenced certificates of Member Organizations and (ii) as of the
date hereof we have not received any notification from any of our Member
Organizations to the effect that the statements made by such Member
Organizations with respect to any portion of the part submitted herewith for
exchange (or, if relevant, collection of any interest) are no longer true and
cannot be relied upon as of the date hereof.

                                       B-3
<Page>

     We understand that this certification is required in connection with
certain tax legislation in the United States. If administrative or legal
proceedings are commenced or threatened in connection with which this
certificate is or would be relevant, we irrevocably authorize you to produce
this certificate or a copy thereof to any interested party in such proceedings.

Dated: [__________]

     [To be dated no earlier than the Exchange Date or the relevant Interest
Payment Date occurring prior to the Exchange Date, as applicable]

     [Morgan Guaranty Trust Company of New York, Brussels Office,] as Operator
of the Euroclear System [Clearstream S.A.]

                                        By:
                                           -------------------------------------
                                           Name:
                                           Title:

                                       B-4