MEMORANDUM UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON D.C., 20460 

## OCT 19 2015 OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION



### SUBJECT: BEAD Chemical Profile (BCP) for Registration Review: Cyproconazole (128993)
FROM:



### THRU: Tara Chandgoyal, Ph.D., Plant Pathologist

### ~**dtdJAdhtl~** Biological Analysis Branch ·**~;** Jihad Alsadek, Ph.D., Economist ;

# ~fr-**IA:-~** Science Information and Analysis Branch
Andrew Lee, Ph.D., Economist

# ~l.·C

# L

Economic Analysis Branch 

# f Biological and Economic Analysis Division (7503P)
Arnet Jones, Chief Biological Analysis Branch
Diann Sims, Chief Science Information and Analysis Branch Timothy Kiely, Chief

# ~ \N\, Economic Analysis Branch Biological and Economic Analysis Divisio (7503P)
TO: Eric Miederhoff, Chemical Review Manager Risk Management and Implementation Branch 3 Pesticide Re-evaluation Division (7508P)



### Peer Review Panel Date: July 22, 2015

SUMMARY Cyproconazole fungicide was first registered in the U.S. in 2005. This fungicide inhibits sterol demethylation in fungi,**c~.using** fungal cell wall collapse and inhibition of hyphal growth. These antifungal properties result in fungal disease control on various crops. Itbelongs to fungicide



### 1group 3 ofFungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC). Based onprivate market usage data (2009-2013), usage averaged approximately 15,000 pounds active ingredient (a.i.) applied annually on approximately 489,000 acres treated. The average a.i. rate over this time period was 0.031pounds a.i. /acre. There are no reported usage data for_ non-agricultural use sites from proprietary data and from USDA/NASS. Cyproconazole is also registered for above-ground wood treatment. 

### INTRODUCTION
The Biological and Economic Analysis Division (BEAD) Chemical Profile (BCP) provides an overview ofthe pest management roles and quantitative usage information for this fungicide. The BCP includes summaries ofprevious BEAD products and available public and/or private use and usage data for cyproconazole to**de~cribe** its role inpest management. Additional information onuse is available in the cyproconazole LUIS Label Data Report. Information provided inthis BCP may be used by stakeholders (e.g

., users and registrants), OPP risk assessors, OPP risk managers, and the general public during the Registration Review process of this pesticide. 

### USE SITES Agricultural Use Sites Cyproconazole is registered for use on com, peanuts, soybeans, triticale and wheat. 

### FORMULATIONS AND APPLICATION METHODS Cyproconazole is formulated as soluble concentrate/liquid. Cyproconazole is applied through chemigation, spray, broadcast and banded methods. 

### HISTORY OF CYPROCONAZOLE and BEAD PRODUCTS
An emergency exemption may indicate that there is a need for a particular chemical that is not registered for use on a particular site. An emergency exemption request may yield information about a particular chemical's importance orvalue that is not found in other EPA records. However, a lack ofSection 18 assessments by BEAD does not specifically indicate the relative importance ofthe chemical.
In 2013 , EPA's registration division (RD) reviewed a request for a new use onturfgrass of cyproconazole. As part ofthe process BEAD (2013) provided RD with information on some aspects ofgolfcourse turf grass disease management that are ofinterest to those conducting risk assessments ofa potential new use ofcyproconazole. BEAD's information was general in scope since disease management options did not apply for all cases. The information highlighted the complex nature ofturfgrass management due to 1) the array ofdiseases potentially affecting turf grass, 2) the variety ofturfgrass types with differing sensitivities to diseases, 3) the choices required to manage the possible simultaneous occurrence oftwo or more diseases, and 4) the differences in environmental conditions inuse sites around the country

. BEAD (2013) also spoke to the need for risk assessors to specifically describe the risk concerns so the BEAD might refine information to support an assessment.

2USAGE Cyproconazole technical was first registered in the U.S. in 2005 and cyproconazole agricultural product was first registered in 2006 (NPIRS, 2015). There are no reported usages until 2009

. A Screening Level Usage Analysis (SLUA 2015) was prepared by BEAD for cyproconazole in 2015 that provides national level poundage applied by active ingredient (a.i.) and percent crop treated (PCT) data for crops for which usage data are available. For cyproconazole, the agricultural use sites with available usage data, in terms ofpounds active ingredient (lbs. a.i.) are soybeans (10,000 lbs. a.i.) and wheat (20,000 lbs. a.i.). In terms ofthe percent crop treated, all treated crops were less than 2.5 percent. Agricultural Usage Based on private market usage data from 2009-2013, usage averaged approximately 15 ,000 pounds active ingredient (a.i.) applied annually on approximately 489,000 acres treated. The average a.i

. rate over this time period was 0

.031 pounds a.i. /acre. Figure 1 present's cyproconazole usage in pounds a.i

. applied over the 2009-2013 timeframe. Figure 2 presents total area treated in acres over the same time period. The data show

- that the use of cyproconazole increased from 2009 up till 2011 and decreased thereafter until 2013

. (Proprietary Data, 2009-2013).

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The agricultural use ofcyproconazole increased from 2009 to 2011 on both soybeans and winter wheat, and then decreased thereafter. 2011 was the only year used in wheat. 

### Table 1. 

### Crops with Highest Use ofCyproconazole in Terms ofPounds Applied (2009- 2013) Crop %Lbs

Soybeans 78 Winter Wheat 22 

### Source: Proprietary Data, 2009-2013
All wheat usage was in the Pacific Northwest while soybean usage seem sporadic by state, except possibly for Indiana, Iowa and Mississippi. Three ofthe five states with the highest usage are included based on high use in a single year (Washington, Illinois and Kentucky). 

### Table 2. States with Highest Use ofCyproconazole in Terms ofPounds AI Applied (2009- 2013) State %Lbs

Mississippi 23 Washinl!ton 21 Illinois 17 Ohio 13 Kentucky 7 Source: Proprietary Data, 2009-2013 Application Rates The average rate for the top crops in terms ofpounds a.i. applied was highest for winter wheat at 0.033 lbs. a.i.**p~r** acre and lowest for soybeans at 0.031 lbs. a.i. per acre, as shown in Table 3.

4Table 3. Cyproconazole Annual Use on Top Crops and Annual Average A.I. Rate, 2009- 2013 Crop Average Annual Average Annual Total Pounds AI Applied Area Treated* Soybeans 12,000 385,000 Winter Wheat 17,000 514,000 *Total Acres Treated sums all acres treated for a crop. Source: Proprietary Data, 2009-2013
BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS RELEVANT TO CYPROCONAZOLE

\__ Avg. Annual AI Rate (lbs Al/acres) 0.031 0.033

Cyproconazole inhibits sterol demethylation in fungi, causing :fungal.cell wall collapse and inhibition ofhyphal growth. These antifungal properties result in fungal disease control on various crops. Cyproconazole belongs to fungicide group 3 (SBI: Class I, such as fenbuconazole, myclobutanil, propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole and some others) of FRAC classification offungicides (FRAC, 2015). There is medium risk ofdeveloping resistance in fungal plant pathogens against cyproconazole (FRAC, 2015). Cyproconazole is registered for use on various crops [cereals (wheat, triticale), peanuts, soybeans, com] for controlling fungal diseases. Cyproconazole can be used as a standalone fungicide or in combination/alternation with fungicides with different mode ofaction (such as azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin). Since its registration, its use peaked in 2011 and then declined. We do not know the reasons for its declining use since 2011. It may be due to lower disease pressure or registration ofother fungicides that are more effective than cyproconazole in controlling the disease. It may also be due to marketing and/or growers preference.
ROLE OF CYPROCONAZOLE IN PEST MANAGEMENT Cyproconazole is predominantly used on soybeans and wheat. It is used most on soybeans in Mississippi, Illinois, Ohio and Kentucky. It is used most on wheat in Washington

. It can be applied alone or in combination with other fungicides (such as azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin). On wheat, it is labeled for controlling glume blotch, leafblight, Helminthosporium leafblight, powdery mildew, rusts, spot blotch and tan spot. On com, it is labeled for controlling many fungal diseases (such as Eye spot, gray leafspot, Northern com leafblight, rust, Southern com leafblight). On soybeans, it is labeled for controlling rust, aerial blight, Altemaria leaf spot, anthracnose, brown spot, Cercospora blight and leafspot, frog eye leafspot and pod & stem blight. We are not aware ofany report that documents resistance in fungi against this fungicide

.

DATA NEEDS Agricultural Use:
1. Registrant may have information for its declining use since 2011.
2. Non-agricultural use and usage for wood preservatives.

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### REFERENCES
NPIRS. 2015. http://ppis.ceris.purdue.edu/chemical2.aspx. Accessed on July 8, 2015. SLUA, 2015. Cyproconazole Screening Level Usage Analysis. Biological and Economic Analysis Division, Office ofPesticide Programs, US Environmental Protection Agency. March 10, 2015. BEAD, 2013. "A Response to Questions Regarding a New Use ofCyproconazole on Turf grass (DP 411379)." Leonard Yourman.
FRAC. 2015. http://www.frac.info/docs/default-source/publications/frac-code-list/frac-code-list2015-finalC2AD7AA36764. Accessed on July 8, 2015. Proprietary Data, 2009-2013.
PPLS. 2015. Pesticide Product Label System (PPLS). Details for Cyproconazole Technical. http://iaspub.epa.gov/apex/pesticides/f?p=PPLS:8:0::NO::P8 PUID: 18933 Accessed on July 15, 2015. http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/

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