RESTATED

                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                            IXION BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC.

                           (As amended July 19, 1999)

                                   ----------

            FIRST: The name of the corporation (hereinafter called the
"corporation") is  IXION BIOTECHNOLOGY, INC.

            SECOND: The address, including street, number, city, and county, of
the registered office of the corporation in the State of Delaware is 32
Loockerman Square, Suite L-100, City of Dover 19901, County of Kent; and the
name of the registered agent of the corporation in the State of Delaware at such
address is The Prentice-Hall Corporation System, Inc.

            THIRD: The purpose of the corporation is to engage in any lawful
act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

            FOURTH: The total number of shares of stock which the corporation
shall have authority to issue is 1,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock with a par
value of $0.01 per share and 20,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01
per share. The Board of Directors, by adoption of an authorizing resolution, may
cause Preferred Stock to be issued from time to time in one or more series. The
Board of Directors, by adoption of an authorizing resolution, may, with regard
to the shares of any series of Preferred Stock:

            (1) the distinctive serial designation of the shares;
            (2) Fix the dividend rate, if any;
            (3) Fix the date from which dividends on shares issued before the
                date for payment of the first dividend shall be cumulative,
                if any;
            (4) Fix the redemption price and terms of redemption, if any;
            (5) Fix the amounts payable per share in the event of dissolution
or liquidation of the Company, if any;
            (6) Fix the terms and amounts of any sinking fund to be used for
                the purchase or redemption of shares, if any;
            (7) Fix the terms and conditions under which the shares may be
converted, if any;
            (8) Provide whether such shares shall be non-voting, or shall have
full or limited voting rights, and the rights, if any, of such shares to vote
as a class on some or all matters on which such shares may be entitled to vote;
and
            (9) Fix such other preferences, qualifications, limitations,
restrictions, and special or relative rights not required by law."


<PAGE>


            FIFTH: The name and the mailing address of the incorporator are as
follows:
            NAME                                     MAILING ADDRESS
            Athena Amaxas                            15 Columbus Circle
                                                     New York, N.Y. 10023-7773

            SIXTH: The corporation is to have perpetual existence.

            SEVENTH: Whenever a compromise or arrangement is proposed between
this corporation and its creditors or any class of them and/or between this
corporation and its stockholders or any class of them, any court of equitable
jurisdiction within the State of Delaware may, on the application in a summary
way of this corporation or of any creditor or stockholder thereof or on the
application of any receiver or receivers appointed for this corporation under
the provisions of ' 291 of Title 8 of the Delaware Code or on the application of
trustees in dissolution or of any receiver or receivers appointed for this
corporation under the provisions of ' 279 of Title 8 of the Delaware Code order
a meeting of the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders or
class of stockholders of this corporation, as the case may be, to be summoned in
such manner as the said court directs. If a majority in number representing
three fourths in value of the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the
stockholders or class of stockholders of this corporation, as the case may be,
agree to any compromise or arrangement and to any reorganization of this
corporation as consequence of such compromise or arrangement, the said
compromise or arrangement and the said reorganization shall, if sanctioned by
the court to which the said application has been made, be binding on all the
creditors or class of creditors, and/or on all the stockholders or class of
stockholders, of this corporation, as the case may be, and also on this
corporation.

            EIGHTH: For the management of the business and for the conduct of
the affairs of the corporation, and in further definition, limitation, and
regulation of the powers of the corporation and of its directors and of its
stockholders or any class thereof, as the case may be, it is further provided:

                        1. The management of the business and the conduct of the
            affairs of the corporation shall be vested in its Board of
            Directors. The number of directors which shall constitute the whole
            Board of Directors shall be fixed by, or in the manner provided in,
            the Bylaws. The phrase "whole Board" and the phrase "total number of
            directors" shall be deemed to have the same meaning, to wit, the
            total number of directors which the corporation would have if there
            were no vacancies. No election of directors need be by written
            ballot.

                        2. After the original or other Bylaws of the corporation
            have been adopted, amended, or repealed, as the case may be, in
            accordance with the provisions of ' 109 of the General Corporation
            Law of the State of Delaware, and, after the corporation has
            received any payment for any of its stock, the power to adopt,
            amend, or repeal the Bylaws of the corporation may be exercised by
            the Board of Directors of the corporation; provided, however, that
            any provision for the classification of directors of the corporation
            for staggered terms pursuant to the provisions of subsection (d) of
            ' 141 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware shall
            be set forth in an initial Bylaw or in a Bylaw adopted by the
            stockholders entitled to vote of the corporation unless provisions
            for such classification shall be set forth in this certificate of
            incorporation.

                        3. Whenever the corporation shall be authorized to issue
            only one class of stock, each outstanding share shall entitle the
            holder thereof to notice of, and the right to vote at, any meeting
            of stockholders. Whenever the corporation shall be authorized to
            issue more than one class of stock, no outstanding share of any
            class of stock which is denied voting power under the provisions of
            the certificate of incorporation shall entitle the holder thereof to
            the right to vote at any meeting of stockholders except as the
            provisions of paragraph (2) of subsection (b) of ' 242 of the
            General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware shall otherwise
            require; provided, that no share of any such class which is
            otherwise denied voting power shall entitle the holder thereof to
            vote upon the increase or decrease in the number of authorized
            shares of said class.

            NINTH: The personal liability of the directors of the corporation is
hereby eliminated to the fullest extent permitted by the provisions of paragraph
(7) of subsection (b) of ' 102 of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware, as the same may be amended and supplemented.

            TENTH: The corporation shall, to the fullest extent permitted by the
provisions of ' 145 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as
the same may be amended and supplemented, indemnify any and all persons whom it
shall have power to indemnify under said section from and against any and all of
the expenses, liabilities, or other matters referred to in or covered by said
section, and the indemnification provided for herein shall not be deemed
exclusive of any other rights to which those indemnified may be entitled under
any Bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or
otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in
another capacity while holding such office, and shall continue as to a person
who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee, or agent and shall inure to
the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such a person.

            ELEVENTH: From time to time any of the provisions of this
certificate of incorporation may be amended, altered, or repealed, and other
provisions authorized by the laws of the State of Delaware at the time in force
may be added or inserted in the manner and at the time prescribed by said laws,
and all rights at any time conferred upon the stockholders of the corporation by
this certificate of incorporation are granted subject to the provisions of this
Article ELEVENTH.


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