H. R. 1025

One Hundred Third Congress

of the

United States of America

AT THE FIRST SESSION

Begun and held at the City of Washington on Tuesday,

the fifth day of January, one thousand nine hundred and ninety-three

An Act

To provide for a waiting period before the purchase of a handgun, and for the

establishment of a national instant criminal background check system to be

contacted by firearms dealers before the transfer of any firearm.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of

the United States of America in Congress assembled,

TITLE I—BRADY HANDGUN CONTROL

SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the ‘‘Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act’’.

SEC. 102. FEDERAL FIREARMS LICENSEE REQUIRED TO CONDUCT

CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK BEFORE TRANSFER OF

FIREARM TO NON-LICENSEE.

(a) INTERIM PROVISION.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Section 922 of title 18, United States

Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

‘‘(s)(1) Beginning on the date that is 90 days after the date

of enactment of this subsection and ending on the day before the

date that is 60 months after such date of enactment, it shall

be unlawful for any licensed importer, licensed manufacturer, or

licensed dealer to sell, deliver, or transfer a handgun to an individual who is not licensed under section 923, unless—

‘‘(A) after the most recent proposal of such transfer by

the transferee—

‘‘(i) the transferor has—

‘‘(I) received from the transferee a statement of

the transferee containing the information described in

paragraph (3);

‘‘(II) verified the identity of the transferee by

examining the identification document presented;

‘‘(III) within 1 day after the transferee furnishes

the statement, provided notice of the contents of the

statement to the chief law enforcement officer of the

place of residence of the transferee; and

‘‘(IV) within 1 day after the transferee furnishes

the statement, transmitted a copy of the statement

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to the chief law enforcement officer of the place of

residence of the transferee; and

‘‘(ii)(I) 5 business days (meaning days on which State

offices are open) have elapsed from the date the transferor

furnished notice of the contents of the statement to the

chief law enforcement officer, during which period the

transferor has not received information from the chief law

enforcement officer that receipt or possession of the handgun by the transferee would be in violation of Federal,

State, or local law; or

‘‘(II) the transferor has received notice from the chief

law enforcement officer that the officer has no information

indicating that receipt or possession of the handgun by

the transferee would violate Federal, State, or local law;

‘‘(B) the transferee has presented to the transferor a written

statement, issued by the chief law enforcement officer of the

place of residence of the transferee during the 10-day period

ending on the date of the most recent proposal of such transfer

by the transferee, stating that the transferee requires access

to a handgun because of a threat to the life of the transferee

or of any member of the household of the transferee;

‘‘(C)(i) the transferee has presented to the transferor a

permit that—

‘‘(I) allows the transferee to possess or acquire a handgun; and

‘‘(II) was issued not more than 5 years earlier by the

State in which the transfer is to take place; and

‘‘(ii) the law of the State provides that such a permit

is to be issued only after an authorized government official

has verified that the information available to such official does

not indicate that possession of a handgun by the transferee

would be in violation of the law;

‘‘(D) the law of the State requires that, before any licensed

importer, licensed manufacturer, or licensed dealer completes

the transfer of a handgun to an individual who is not licensed

under section 923, an authorized government official verify

that the information available to such official does not indicate

that possession of a handgun by the transferee would be in

violation of law;

‘‘(E) the Secretary has approved the transfer under section

5812 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; or

‘‘(F) on application of the transferor, the Secretary has certified that compliance with subparagraph (A)(i)(III) is

impracticable because—

‘‘(i) the ratio of the number of law enforcement officers

of the State in which the transfer is to occur to the number

of square miles of land area of the State does not exceed

0.0025;

‘‘(ii) the business premises of the transferor at which

the transfer is to occur are extremely remote in relation

to the chief law enforcement officer; and

‘‘(iii) there is an absence of telecommunications facilities in the geographical area in which the business premises are located.

‘‘(2) A chief law enforcement officer to whom a transferor has

provided notice pursuant to paragraph (1)(A)(i)(III) shall make a

reasonable effort to ascertain within 5 business days whether

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receipt or possession would be in violation of the law, including

research in whatever State and local recordkeeping systems are

available and in a national system designated by the Attorney

General.

‘‘(3) The statement referred to in paragraph (1)(A)(i)(I) shall

contain only—

‘‘(A) the name, address, and date of birth appearing on

a valid identification document (as defined in section 1028(d)(1))

of the transferee containing a photograph of the transferee

and a description of the identification used;

‘‘(B) a statement that the transferee—

‘‘(i) is not under indictment for, and has not been

convicted in any court of, a crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year;

‘‘(ii) is not a fugitive from justice;

‘‘(iii) is not an unlawful user of or addicted to any

controlled substance (as defined in section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act);

‘‘(iv) has not been adjudicated as a mental defective

or been committed to a mental institution;

‘‘(v) is not an alien who is illegally or unlawfully in

the United States;

‘‘(vi) has not been discharged from the Armed Forces

under dishonorable conditions; and

‘‘(vii) is not a person who, having been a citizen of

the United States, has renounced such citizenship;

‘‘(C) the date the statement is made; and

‘‘(D) notice that the transferee intends to obtain a handgun

from the transferor.

‘‘(4) Any transferor of a handgun who, after such transfer,

receives a report from a chief law enforcement officer containing

information that receipt or possession of the handgun by the transferee violates Federal, State, or local law shall, within 1 business

day after receipt of such request, communicate any information

related to the transfer that the transferor has about the transfer

and the transferee to—

‘‘(A) the chief law enforcement officer of the place of business of the transferor; and

‘‘(B) the chief law enforcement officer of the place of residence of the transferee.

‘‘(5) Any transferor who receives information, not otherwise

available to the public, in a report under this subsection shall

not disclose such information except to the transferee, to law

enforcement authorities, or pursuant to the direction of a court

of law.

‘‘(6)(A) Any transferor who sells, delivers, or otherwise transfers

a handgun to a transferee shall retain the copy of the statement

of the transferee with respect to the handgun transaction, and

shall retain evidence that the transferor has complied with

subclauses (III) and (IV) of paragraph (1)(A)(i) with respect to

the statement.

‘‘(B) Unless the chief law enforcement officer to whom a statement is transmitted under paragraph (1)(A)(i)(IV) determines that

a transaction would violate Federal, State, or local law—

‘‘(i) the officer shall, within 20 business days after the

date the transferee made the statement on the basis of which

the notice was provided, destroy the statement, any record

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containing information derived from the statement, and any

record created as a result of the notice required by paragraph

(1)(A)(i)(III);

‘‘(ii) the information contained in the statement shall not

be conveyed to any person except a person who has a need

to know in order to carry out this subsection; and

‘‘(iii) the information contained in the statement shall not

be used for any purpose other than to carry out this subsection.

‘‘(C) If a chief law enforcement officer determines that an

individual is ineligible to receive a handgun and the individual

requests the officer to provide the reason for such determination,

the officer shall provide such reasons to the individual in writing

within 20 business days after receipt of the request.

‘‘(7) A chief law enforcement officer or other person responsible

for providing criminal history background information pursuant

to this subsection shall not be liable in an action at law for

damages—

‘‘(A) for failure to prevent the sale or transfer of a handgun

to a person whose receipt or possession of the handgun is

unlawful under this section; or

‘‘(B) for preventing such a sale or transfer to a person

who may lawfully receive or possess a handgun.

‘‘(8) For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘chief law enforcement officer’ means the chief of police, the sheriff, or an equivalent

officer or the designee of any such individual.

‘‘(9) The Secretary shall take necessary actions to ensure that

the provisions of this subsection are published and disseminated

to licensed dealers, law enforcement officials, and the public.’’.

(2) HANDGUN DEFINED.—Section 921(a) of title 18, United

States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

‘‘(29) The term ‘handgun’ means— ‘‘(A) a firearm which has a short stock and is designed

to be held and fired by the use of a single hand; and ‘‘(B) any combination of parts from which a firearm described in subparagraph (A) can be assembled.’’.

(b) PERMANENT PROVISION.—Section 922 of title 18, United

States Code, as amended by subsection (a)(1), is amended by adding

at the end the following: ‘‘(t)(1) Beginning on the date that is 30 days after the Attorney General notifies licensees under section 103(d) of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act that the national instant criminal

background check system is established, a licensed importer,

licensed manufacturer, or licensed dealer shall not transfer a firearm to any other person who is not licensed under this chapter,

unless—

‘‘(A) before the completion of the transfer, the licensee

contacts the national instant criminal background check system

established under section 103 of that Act;

‘‘(B)(i) the system provides the licensee with a unique

identification number; or

‘‘(ii) 3 business days (meaning a day on which State offices

are open) have elapsed since the licensee contacted the system,

and the system has not notified the licensee that the receipt

of a firearm by such other person would violate subsection

(g) or (n) of this section; and

‘‘(C) the transferor has verified the identity of the transferee

by examining a valid identification document (as defined in

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section 1028(d)(1) of this title) of the transferee containing

a photograph of the transferee.

‘‘(2) If receipt of a firearm would not violate section 922 (g)

or (n) or State law, the system shall—

‘‘(A) assign a unique identification number to the transfer;

‘‘(B) provide the licensee with the number; and

‘‘(C) destroy all records of the system with respect to the

call (other than the identifying number and the date the number was assigned) and all records of the system relating to

the person or the transfer.

‘‘(3) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to a firearm transfer between

a licensee and another person if—

‘‘(A)(i) such other person has presented to the licensee

a permit that—

‘‘(I) allows such other person to possess or acquire

a firearm; and

‘‘(II) was issued not more than 5 years earlier by the

State in which the transfer is to take place; and

‘‘(ii) the law of the State provides that such a permit

is to be issued only after an authorized government official

has verified that the information available to such official does

not indicate that possession of a firearm by such other person

would be in violation of law;

‘‘(B) the Secretary has approved the transfer under section

5812 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; or

‘‘(C) on application of the transferor, the Secretary has

certified that compliance with paragraph (1)(A) is impracticable

because—

‘‘(i) the ratio of the number of law enforcement officers

of the State in which the transfer is to occur to the number

of square miles of land area of the State does not exceed

0.0025;

‘‘(ii) the business premises of the licensee at which

the transfer is to occur are extremely remote in relation

to the chief law enforcement officer (as defined in subsection (s)(8)); and

‘‘(iii) there is an absence of telecommunications facilities in the geographical area in which the business premises are located.

‘‘(4) If the national instant criminal background check system

notifies the licensee that the information available to the system

does not demonstrate that the receipt of a firearm by such other

person would violate subsection (g) or (n) or State law, and the

licensee transfers a firearm to such other person, the licensee

shall include in the record of the transfer the unique identification

number provided by the system with respect to the transfer.

‘‘(5) If the licensee knowingly transfers a firearm to such other

person and knowingly fails to comply with paragraph (1) of this

subsection with respect to the transfer and, at the time such other

person most recently proposed the transfer, the national instant

criminal background check system was operating and information

was available to the system demonstrating that receipt of a firearm

by such other person would violate subsection (g) or (n) of this

section or State law, the Secretary may, after notice and opportunity

for a hearing, suspend for not more than 6 months or revoke

any license issued to the licensee under section 923, and may

impose on the licensee a civil fine of not more than $5,000.

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‘‘(6) Neither a local government nor an employee of the Federal

Government or of any State or local government, responsible for

providing information to the national instant criminal background

check system shall be liable in an action at law for damages—

‘‘(A) for failure to prevent the sale or transfer of a firearm

to a person whose receipt or possession of the firearm is unlawful under this section; or

‘‘(B) for preventing such a sale or transfer to a person

who may lawfully receive or possess a firearm.’’.

(c) PENALTY.—Section 924(a) of title 18, United States Code,

is amended—

(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘paragraph (2) or (3)

of’’; and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

‘‘(5) Whoever knowingly violates subsection (s) or (t) of section

922 shall be fined not more than $1,000, imprisoned for not more

than 1 year, or both.’’.

SEC. 103. NATIONAL INSTANT CRIMINAL BACKGROUND CHECK SYSTEM.

(a) DETERMINATION OF TIMETABLES.—Not later than 6 months

after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall—

(1) determine the type of computer hardware and software

that will be used to operate the national instant criminal background check system and the means by which State criminal

records systems and the telephone or electronic device of licensees will communicate with the national system;

(2) investigate the criminal records system of each State

and determine for each State a timetable by which the State

should be able to provide criminal records on an on-line capacity

basis to the national system; and

(3) notify each State of the determinations made pursuant

to paragraphs (1) and (2).

(b) ESTABLISHMENT OF SYSTEM.—Not later than 60 months

after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General

shall establish a national instant criminal background check system

that any licensee may contact, by telephone or by other electronic

means in addition to the telephone, for information, to be supplied

immediately, on whether receipt of a firearm by a prospective

transferee would violate section 922 of title 18, United States Code,

or State law.

(c) EXPEDITED ACTION BY THE ATTORNEY GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall expedite—

(1) the upgrading and indexing of State criminal history

records in the Federal criminal records system maintained by

the Federal Bureau of Investigation;

(2) the development of hardware and software systems

to link State criminal history check systems into the national

instant criminal background check system established by the

Attorney General pursuant to this section; and

(3) the current revitalization initiatives by the Federal

Bureau of Investigation for technologically advanced fingerprint

and criminal records identification.

(d) NOTIFICATION OF LICENSEES.—On establishment of the system under this section, the Attorney General shall notify each

licensee and the chief law enforcement officer of each State of

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the existence and purpose of the system and the means to be

used to contact the system.

(e) ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS.—

(1) AUTHORITY TO OBTAIN OFFICIAL INFORMATION.—Notwithstanding any other law, the Attorney General may secure

directly from any department or agency of the United States

such information on persons for whom receipt of a firearm

would violate subsection (g) or (n) of section 922 of title 18,

United States Code or State law, as is necessary to enable

the system to operate in accordance with this section. On

request of the Attorney General, the head of such department

or agency shall furnish such information to the system.

(2) OTHER AUTHORITY.—The Attorney General shall develop

such computer software, design and obtain such telecommunications and computer hardware, and employ such personnel,

as are necessary to establish and operate the system in accordance with this section.

(f) WRITTEN REASONS PROVIDED ON REQUEST.—If the national

instant criminal background check system determines that an

individual is ineligible to receive a firearm and the individual

requests the system to provide the reasons for the determination,

the system shall provide such reasons to the individual, in writing,

within 5 business days after the date of the request.

(g) CORRECTION OF ERRONEOUS SYSTEM INFORMATION.—If the

system established under this section informs an individual contacting the system that receipt of a firearm by a prospective transferee

would violate subsection (g) or (n) of section 922 of title 18, United

States Code or State law, the prospective transferee may request

the Attorney General to provide the prospective transferee with

the reasons therefor. Upon receipt of such a request, the Attorney

General shall immediately comply with the request. The prospective

transferee may submit to the Attorney General information to correct, clarify, or supplement records of the system with respect

to the prospective transferee. After receipt of such information,

the Attorney General shall immediately consider the information,

investigate the matter further, and correct all erroneous Federal

records relating to the prospective transferee and give notice of

the error to any Federal department or agency or any State that

was the source of such erroneous records.

(h) REGULATIONS.—After 90 days’ notice to the public and an

opportunity for hearing by interested parties, the Attorney General

shall prescribe regulations to ensure the privacy and security of

the information of the system established under this section. (i) PROHIBITION RELATING TO ESTABLISHMENT OF REGISTRATION

SYSTEMS WITH RESPECT TO FIREARMS.—No department, agency,

officer, or employee of the United States may—

(1) require that any record or portion thereof generated

by the system established under this section be recorded at

or transferred to a facility owned, managed, or controlled by

the United States or any State or political subdivision thereof;

or

(2) use the system established under this section to establish any system for the registration of firearms, firearm owners,

or firearm transactions or dispositions, except with respect

to persons, prohibited by section 922 (g) or (n) of title 18,

United States Code or State law, from receiving a firearm.

(j) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section:

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(1) LICENSEE.—The term ‘‘licensee’’ means a licensed

importer (as defined in section 921(a)(9) of title 18, United

States Code), a licensed manufacturer (as defined in section

921(a)(10) of that title), or a licensed dealer (as defined in

section 921(a)(11) of that title).

(2) OTHER TERMS.—The terms ‘‘firearm’’, ‘‘handgun’’, ‘‘licensed importer’’, ‘‘licensed manufacturer’’, and ‘‘licensed

dealer’’ have the meanings stated in section 921(a) of title

18, United States Code, as amended by subsection (a)(2).

(k) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized

to be appropriated, which may be appropriated from the Violent

Crime Reduction Trust Fund established by section 1115 of title

31, United States Code, such sums as are necessary to enable

the Attorney General to carry out this section.

SEC. 104. REMEDY FOR ERRONEOUS DENIAL OF FIREARM.

(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code,

is amended by inserting after section 925 the following new section:

‘‘§ 925A. Remedy for erroneous denial of firearm

‘‘Any person denied a firearm pursuant to subsection (s) or (t) of section 922—

‘‘(1) due to the provision of erroneous information relating to the person by any State or political subdivision thereof,

or by the national instant criminal background check system

established under section 103 of the Brady Handgun Violence

Prevention Act; or

‘‘(2) who was not prohibited from receipt of a firearm pursuant to subsection (g) or (n) of section 922,

may bring an action against the State or political subdivision

responsible for providing the erroneous information, or responsible

for denying the transfer, or against the United States, as the

case may be, for an order directing that the erroneous information

be corrected or that the transfer be approved, as the case may

be. In any action under this section, the court, in its discretion,

may allow the prevailing party a reasonable attorney’s fee as part

of the costs.’’.

(b) TECHNICAL AMENDMENT.—The chapter analysis for chapter

44 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after

the item relating to section 925 the following new item:

‘‘925A. Remedy for erroneous denial of firearm.’’.

SEC. 105. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall not

be construed to alter or impair any right or remedy under section

552a of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 106. FUNDING FOR IMPROVEMENT OF CRIMINAL RECORDS.

(a) USE OF FORMULA GRANTS.—Section 509(b) of title I of the

Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C.

3759(b)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘and’’ after the semicolon;

(2) in paragraph (3) by striking the period and inserting

‘‘; and’’; and

(3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

‘‘(4) the improvement of State record systems and the sharing with the Attorney General of all of the records described

in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of this subsection and the records

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required by the Attorney General under section 103 of the

Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, for the purpose of

implementing that Act.’’.

(b) ADDITIONAL FUNDING.—

(1) GRANTS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF CRIMINAL RECORDS.—

The Attorney General, through the Bureau of Justice Statistics,

shall, subject to appropriations and with preference to States

that as of the date of enactment of this Act have the lowest

percent currency of case dispositions in computerized criminal

history files, make a grant to each State to be used—

(A) for the creation of a computerized criminal history

record system or improvement of an existing system;

(B) to improve accessibility to the national instant

criminal background system; and

(C) upon establishment of the national system, to assist

the State in the transmittal of criminal records to the

national system.

(2) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appropriated for grants under paragraph (1), which

may be appropriated from the Violent Crime Reduction Trust

Fund established by section 1115 of title 31, United States

Code, a total of $200,000,000 for fiscal year 1994 and all fiscal

years thereafter.

TITLE II—MULTIPLE FIREARM PURCHASES TO STATE AND LOCAL POLICE

SEC. 201. REPORTING REQUIREMENT.

Section 923(g)(3) of title 18, United States Code, is amended— (1) in the second sentence by inserting after ‘‘thereon,’’

the following: ‘‘and to the department of State police or State

law enforcement agency of the State or local law enforcement

agency of the local jurisdiction in which the sale or other

disposition took place,’’;

(2) by inserting ‘‘(A)’’ after ‘‘(3)’’; and

(3) by adding at the end thereof the following:

‘‘(B) Except in the case of forms and contents thereof

regarding a purchaser who is prohibited by subsection (g) or

(n) of section 922 of this title from receipt of a firearm, the

department of State police or State law enforcement agency

or local law enforcement agency of the local jurisdiction shall

not disclose any such form or the contents thereof to any

person or entity, and shall destroy each such form and any

record of the contents thereof no more than 20 days from

the date such form is received. No later than the date that

is 6 months after the effective date of this subparagraph, and

at the end of each 6-month period thereafter, the department

of State police or State law enforcement agency or local law

enforcement agency of the local jurisdiction shall certify to

the Attorney General of the United States that no disclosure

contrary to this subparagraph has been made and that all

forms and any record of the contents thereof have been

destroyed as provided in this subparagraph.’’.

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TITLE III—FEDERAL FIREARMS

LICENSE REFORM

SEC. 301. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the ‘‘Federal Firearms License Reform

Act of 1993’’.

SEC. 302. PREVENTION OF THEFT OF FIREARMS.

(a) COMMON CARRIERS.—Section 922(e) of title 18, United States

Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: ‘‘No common

or contract carrier shall require or cause any label, tag, or other

written notice to be placed on the outside of any package, luggage,

or other container that such package, luggage, or other container

contains a firearm.’’.

(b) RECEIPT REQUIREMENT.—Section 922(f) of title 18, United

States Code, is amended—

(1) by inserting ‘‘(1)’’ after ‘‘(f)’’; and

(2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:

‘‘(2) It shall be unlawful for any common or contract carrier

to deliver in interstate or foreign commerce any firearm without

obtaining written acknowledgement of receipt from the recipient

of the package or other container in which there is a firearm.’’.

(c) UNLAWFUL ACTS.—Section 922 of title 18, United States

Code, as amended by section 102, is amended by adding at the

end the following new subsection:

‘‘(u) It shall be unlawful for a person to steal or unlawfully

take or carry away from the person or the premises of a person

who is licensed to engage in the business of importing, manufacturing, or dealing in firearms, any firearm in the licensee’s business

inventory that has been shipped or transported in interstate or

foreign commerce.’’.

(d) PENALTIES.—Section 924 of title 18, United States Code,

is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:

‘‘(i)(1) A person who knowingly violates section 922(u) shall

be fined not more than $10,000, imprisoned not more than 10

years, or both.

‘‘(2) Nothing contained in this subsection shall be construed

as indicating an intent on the part of Congress to occupy the

field in which provisions of this subsection operate to the exclusion

of State laws on the same subject matter, nor shall any provision

of this subsection be construed as invalidating any provision of

State law unless such provision is inconsistent with any of the

purposes of this subsection.’’.

SEC. 303. LICENSE APPLICATION FEES FOR DEALERS IN FIREARMS.

Section 923(a)(3) of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in subparagraph (A), by adding ‘‘or’’ at the end;

(2) in subparagraph (B) by striking ‘‘a pawnbroker dealing

in firearms other than’’ and inserting ‘‘not a dealer in’’;

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(3) in subparagraph (B) by striking ‘‘$25 per year; or’’

and inserting ‘‘$200 for 3 years, except that the fee for renewal

of a valid license shall be $90 for 3 years.’’; and

(4) by striking subparagraph (C).

Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Vice President of the United States and

President of the Senate.

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