FOURTH DIVISION

BARNES, P. J.,

RAY and MCMILLIAN, JJ.

NOTICE: Motions for reconsideration must be

physically received in our clerk’s office within ten

days of the date of decision to be deemed timely filed.

http://www.gaappeals.us/rules/

May 1, 2015

In the Court of Appeals of Georgia

A15A0676. ANDERSON v. ALL AMERICANQUALITYFOODS.

MCMILLIAN, Judge.

Appellant Wanda Anderson appeals, contending that the trial court erred by

denying her motions to be designated indigent and dismissing her notice of appeal

from the trial court’s order granting summary judgment to appellee All American

Quality Foods(“Quality Foods”) and dismissing her second notice of appeal fromthe

dismissal order. Having considered Anderson’s contentions on appeal, we now

affirm.

Pertinent to these issues, the record shows that on November 22, 2010,

Anderson filed a renewed complaint seeking damages for injuries she allegedly

received when she slipped and fell in a Food Depot store owned and operated by

Quality Foods in Stockbridge, Georgia. The trial court entered an order granting
summary judgment to Quality Foods on March 28, 2012, and Anderson filed a notice

of appeal and motion for reconsideration from that order on April 27, 2012 (“first

notice of appeal”); Anderson’s notice of appeal directed the trial court clerk to

include the entire record on appeal, including the transcript from the summary

judgment hearing. 

A hearing was held on Anderson’s motion for reconsideration of the summary

judgment order on June 27, 2012, and the trial court denied Anderson’s motion in

July 2012.

1 On August 21, 2012, Anderson filed an amended notice of appeal to this

Court and again directed the trial court clerk to include the entire record on appeal,

including the hearing transcripts. The original and amended notices of appeal were

signed by Anderson’s attorney, who listed his address as “116 S. Main Street, Suite

9, Jonesboro, Georgia 30236.” Also on August 21, 2012, the Clerk of the State Court

of Henry County sent Anderson’s attorney a statement for costs totaling $299,

specifically stating that costs had to be paid within 20 days from the date of the

1 The order denying Anderson’s motion for reconsideration is not contained in

the record on appeal, but Anderson indicated in her subsequent motion for

designation of indigency that it was denied “on or about July 15, 2012.” Further,

many of our facts are taken from the trial court’s orders, since the record on appeal

is somewhat incomplete and there appears to be no dispute concerning the basic

procedural history of this case. 

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statement. This notice of costs was sent by certified mail to the same address listed

for Anderson’s attorney on her original and amended notices of appeal. 

On September 11, 2012, the trial court issued a rule nisi for a hearing on the

status of Anderson’s notice of appeal and to show cause why her notice of appeal

should not be dismissed. On October 15, 2012, Anderson filed a motion for

designation of indigency pursuant to OCGA § 9-15-2 and requested to be provided

with a free copy of the motion hearing transcripts. Anderson attached an affidavit of

indigence to her motion, which stated that she was unable to pay the costs of the

appeal and the hearing transcripts. 

Quality Foods filed a brief opposing Anderson’s motion on October 24, 2012,

noting Anderson’s failure to serve Quality Foods’ counsel with the amended notice

of appeal and that Anderson had waited three months from the denial of her motion

for reconsideration, and almost two monthsfrom the time the trial court clerk sent the

statement of appeal costs, to file her motion to be designated indigent and relieved of

the costs of pursuing her appeal and obtaining the transcripts. On October 29, 2012,

the trial court issued an amended rule nisi, to provide for a hearing on Anderson’s

indigency status and her entitlement to a free copy of the transcript. 

3
On April 3, 2014, the trial court entered an order dismissing Anderson’s notice

of appeal. The trial court found that it had attempted to determine Anderson’s

indigent status at the November 6, 2012 hearing, but that Anderson failed to appear

at the hearing and that, therefore, it could not issue a finding of indigency; further, the

trial court found that Anderson’s October 15, 2012 affidavit of indigence was

untimely because it was not filed until approximately 139 days after the transcripts

were due to be filed. The trial court also noted that at the hearing it again asked

Anderson’s counsel2 whether the transcripts had been ordered, and that Anderson’s

attorney argued that Anderson’s indigent status relieved her of the obligation to file

the transcript. Additionally, the trial court noted that Anderson’s attorney had asserted

that he had not received the bill of costs sent by the trial court clerk on August 21,

2012, and that those costs had not been paid. 

Following the hearing, the trial court dismissed Anderson’s notice of appeal

based on her unreasonable and inexcusable delay in filing the hearing transcripts. See

OCGA §§ 5-6-41; 5-6-42; 5-6-48 (c). Further, as an additional basis for dismissing

2 The trial court indicated it made this same inquiry at the hearing on

Anderson’s motion for reconsideration. 

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the appeal, the trial court found that Anderson’s failure to pay costs resulted in an

unreasonable and inexcusable delay in transmitting the record to this Court. Id. 

On May 5, 2014, Anderson filed a notice of appeal from, inter alia, the trial

court’s order dismissing her notice of appeal (“second notice of appeal”). Anderson

again directed the trial court clerk to include the entire record on appeal, including

the hearing transcripts. On July 2, 2014, the trial court issued a show cause hearing

order to determine why Anderson’s second notice of appeal also should not be

dismissed for failure to pay costs. 

On July 7, 2014, Quality Foods moved to dismiss Anderson’ssecond notice of

appeal and for attorney fees based on Anderson’s failure to pay costs and failure to

serve Quality Foods with her second notice of appeal, which Quality Foods asserted

was part of an on-going pattern by Anderson’s counsel to fail to serve it with

Anderson’s court filings. 

On July 14, 2014, Anderson filed her second motion for designation of

indigency and for a free copy of the hearing transcripts; Anderson’s purported second

affidavit of indigence was attached to her motion, but it was unsigned and unsworn.

On July 16, 2014, the trial court issued an amended rule nisi, setting a show cause

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hearing on the dismissal of Anderson’s second notice of appeal and her second

motion for designation of indigency. 

On July 21, 2014, Anderson refiled her motion for indigency; although the

affidavit of indigence attached to that motion was signed by Anderson and a Notary

Public, the jurat was undated. Also on that date, Anderson filed a “response” to the

trial court’s July 2 and July 14, 2014, show cause orders and Quality Foods’ motion

to dismiss her second notice of appeal arguing, among other things, that neither she

nor her attorney had ever received or rejected the statement of appeals costs sent by

the clerk of the trial court,

3

and thus any delay in transmitting the record to this Court

was caused by the failure of the trial court clerk to ensure that Anderson or her

attorney received the statement of costs.

4

On August 8, 2014, the trial court entered an order dismissing Anderson’s

second notice of appeal on the basis that she failed to timely transmit the record to

3 However, as found by the trial court, the statement of appeals costs was sent

to Anderson’s counsel at his address of record via certified mail, return receipt

requested, but the mailing was returned as “unclaimed” and “unable to forward.” 

4 Anderson also filed a motion to recuse the trial court judge, and on July 24,

2014, the trial court issued an order denying Anderson’s motion to recuse on the basis

that the allegations set forth in her motion were untimely, legally insufficient, and did

not warrant recusal. Anderson does not challenge that order on appeal. 

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this Court as required by OCGA § 5-6-48 (c) and failed to timely file an affidavit of

indigence. Anderson now appeals from that order.5

1. Citing OCGA § 9-15-2 (a) (1), Anderson argues she did all the statute

requires her to do in order to be designated indigent and relieved of paying the costs

of her appeals, and that in the absence of a traverse by the defendant, the trial court

was required to grant her motion for designation of indigency without any additional

showing on her part. But Anderson’s argument ignores the full text of the statute. 

We start with the relevantstatutory provisions. Pursuant to OCGA § 9-15-2 (a)

(1),

[w]hen any party, plaintiff or defendant, in any action or proceeding

held in any court of this state is unable to pay any deposit, fee, or other

cost which is normally required in the court, if the party shall subscribe

an affidavit to the effect that because of hisindigence he is unable to pay

the costs, the party shall be relieved from paying the costs and his rights

shall be the same as if he had paid the costs.

5 We note that Quality Foods moved to dismiss Anderson’s appeal in this Court

on the grounds that she had failed to pay costs, provide a certificate of service with

her brief, and repeatedly failed to serve pleadings on her opposing counsel. Although

noting that we had previously reminded Anderson and her counsel of their obligation

to serve filings pursuant to our Rule 6 and that we would be well within our

discretion to dismiss Anderson’s appeal, we declined to do so. However, we did

impose a $250 sanction against Anderson’s attorney for the failure to complywith our

Rules. 

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However, OCGA § 9-15-2 further provides in subsection (a) (2) that, 

[a]ny other party at interest or his agent or attorney may contest the truth

of an affidavit of indigence by verifying affirmatively under oath that

the same is untrue. The issue thereby formed shall be heard and

determined by the court, under the rules of the court. The judgment of

the court on all issues of fact concerning the ability of a party to pay

costs or give bond shall be final. 

Further, contrary to Anderson’s argument on appeal, the statute specifically provides

that even

[i]n the absence of a traverse affidavit contesting the truth of an affidavit

of indigence, the court may inquire into the truth of the affidavit of

indigence. After a hearing, the court may order the costs to be paid if it

finds that the deposit, fee, or other costs can be paid and, if the costs are

not paid within the time permitted in such order, may deny the relief

sought.

OCGA § 9-15-2 (b). 

As an initial matter we note that although Quality Foods did not file an

affidavit under oath contesting the truth of Anderson’s affidavit of indigence, Quality

Foods did oppose Anderson’s affidavit of indigence on other grounds. And in any

event, under OCGA § 9-15-2 (b), the trial court had the authority to inquire into the

truth of the affidavit even in the absence of a challenge fromthe opposing party. Boyd

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v. JohnGalt Holdings, LLC, 318 Ga. App. 866, 871 (736 SE2d 459) (2012). As

required by that section, the trial court in this case, after giving proper notice, held a

hearing to determine the truth of Anderson’s affidavit of indigence. Anderson did not

attend the hearing and has not challenged the trial court’s finding that her absence

was without legal reason or excuse. Thus, the trial court was not required to accept

Anderson’s affidavit of indigence as true when she failed, without legal excuse or

cause, to attend the hearing to allow the court to make a determination of her ability

to pay. Accordingly, the trial court did not err by denying Anderson indigent status

and refusing to relieve her of paying the costs of her first appeal. Cf. Gruner v.

Thacker, 320 Ga. App. 146 (739 SE2d 440) (2013) (case remanded for further

proceedings because trial court improperly denied pauper status without holding a

hearing); JohnGalt Holdings, LLC, 318 Ga. App. at 870 (same). 

Likewise, Anderson’s second attempt to be declared indigent also failed

because the jurat of the affidavit of indigence was undated and thus the affidavit was

legally insufficient. Hurt v. Norwest Mtg., Inc., 260 Ga. App. 651, 654 (1) (a) (580

SE2d 580) (2003) (affidavit of indigence invalid when signature of the notary “is not

dated to indicate the notary was present at the same time the affiant signed the

document”); see also Haygood v. Head, 305 Ga. App. 375, 381 (4) (699 SE2d 588)

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(2010) (affidavit without valid jurat is insufficient); Mitchell v. Cancer Carepoint,

Inc., 299 Ga. App. 881, 882 (1) (683 SE2d 923) (2009) (affidavit of indigence that

is not notarized is invalid). Accordingly, this enumeration is without merit. 

2. Anderson also argues that because her request to designate her indigent was

wrongfully denied by the trial court, we must also reverse the dismissal of her first

and second notices of appeal because the delay in transmitting the record to thisCourt

was solely caused by her inability to pay. However, because we have affirmed the

trial court’s denial of her motions for indigency, this enumeration also fails, and the

trial court orders dismissing her appeals are affirmed.

Judgment affirmed. Barnes, P. J., and Ray, J., concur.

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