# SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ®

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HOUSTON, TEXAS i WASHINGTON, DC 

# January 15, 2010

Brian H. West

Fuels, Engines, and Emissions Research Center

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

NTRC Building

2360 Cherahala Boulevard

Knoxville, TN 37932

Subject: Monthly Progress Report No. 15 for the Period December 1 through December 31,

2009; for the program, "Catalyst Screening and Durability for Intermediate Ethanol

Blends," UT-Battelle/Oak Ridge Na tional Laboratory Subcontract No. 4000071456,

CRC Project E-87-2, SwRI Projects 03.14530 and 03.15340.

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The objective of this project is to help quantify emissions system durability of E15 and

E20 on the US fleet. Specifically, this project will study the effects of ethanol blends on openloop stoichiometry and resulting ca talyst and oxygen sensor temperat ures. This project will also

generate valuable data on vehi cle emissions and performance.

Vehicles selected for this st udy will include a wide range of manufacturers across several

model years. Some of the vehicles that will be tested include vehi cles that have been identified

as having leaner and hotter opera tion on ethanol blends than on gasoline when in wide-open

throttle (WOT) open-loop operation. Other vehicles will be tested because of their large

numbers in the in-use vehicle fleet. New vehicles with unknow n open-loop fuel control at WOT

may also be selected.

In this project, SwRI will age vehicles and emission control systems operating on three

levels of ethanol blended fuels (E10, E15, a nd E20) and compare emissions and vehicle

performance to similar vehicles operating on the base gasoline (E0). Vehicle service

accumulation and emissions testing are to be perf ormed on multiple sets of matched vehicles.

For each matched set, vehicles are to be aged a nd emissions tested on the four fuel blends (E0,

E10, E15, and E20). Emissions testing will be performed at three added service accumulation

levels: 0 miles (start of service accumula tion), between 25,000 and 50,000 miles (mid service

accumulation level), and at the end of the vehi cle’s full-useful life (nominally 120,000 miles).

Beginning in August 2009, selected ne w vehicle sets will be tested with E0, E15, and E20 fuels.

# Brian H. West

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

January 15, 2010

Page 2 of 6



# 2.0 PROGRESS FOR THE PERIOD DECEMBER 1-31, 2009

2.1 Honda Accords and Chevrolet Silverados

The Honda Accords and Chevrolet Silver ados have completed vehicle service

accumulation and emissions testing to 120,000 odometer miles during previous reporting

periods. Vehicle FTP emissions test data at 0 and 50,000 test miles, and 120,000 odometer miles

for the Accords are provided in Appendix A, Ta bles A-1, A-2, and A-3, re spectively. Silverado

vehicle FTP emissions test data at 0 and 50,000 test miles, and 120,000 odometer miles is

provided in Appendix A, Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6, respectively.

2.2 Nissan Altimas

The Nissan Altima vehicle set completed mileage accumulation to 120,000 odometer

miles on the highest mileage vehicle. Emissions test data for the Altimas at 0 and 50,000 test

miles are provided in Appendix A, Tables A-7 and A-8, respectively. Nissan Altima emissions

testing at 120,000 odometer miles resumed this repor ting period and is expect ed to continue into

January. Nissan Altima emissions tests at 120,000 odometer miles co mplete to date are provided

in Appendix Table A-9.

2.3 Ford Tauruses

The Ford Taurus vehicle set completed em issions testing at 50,000 test miles this

reporting period. Taurus emissions data at zero te st miles are given in Appendix A, Table A-10.

Emissions data at 50,000 test mile s are given in Table A-11. Fo rd Taurus vehicle set service

accumulation to approximately 120,000 odometer miles will resume in January following the

completion of the Dodge Caravan ve hicle set interim service level.

2.4 Dodge Caravans and Chevrolet Cobalts

The Dodge Caravan and Chevrolet Cobalt vehicl e sets continued service accumulation to

50,000 test miles this reporting period. Mileage accumulation to the interim service level on the

Caravan and Cobalt vehicle sets is exp ected to continue through mid-January

Vehicle emissions test data for the Dodge Caravan vehicle set ar e provided in Appendix

A, Table A-12. Emissions test da ta processed to date for the C obalt vehicle set is provided in

Appendix A, Table A-13.

2.5 Dodge Calibers

Three 2007 Dodge Calibers with the 2.0 L I-4 engine and the CVT automatic

transmission were obtained as reported in the previous progr ess report. Vehicle check-in

information and the final vehicle set-up informati on are included in Appendix B. The calibration

versions were originally different among the three Dodge Calibers. The vehicles were sent to the

# Brian H. West

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

January 15, 2010

Page 3 of 6



# local Chrysler dealership and the electronic cont rol modules were “re-fl ashed” to the latest

calibration. The calibration “Versi on #1” matched for al l three vehicles, but calibration “Version

#2” did not match, as noted in Appendix B, page B-2. This calibration information was sent to

Chrysler Engineering, and Chrysler stated that the diffe rences in “Version #2” calibrations would

not affect the E-87-2 program.

With regards to the tires for th e Dodge Calibers, the three vehi cles were received at SwRI

with four different brands of tires. One vehicl e had four of an “off-b rand” tire, one had four

Continental brand tires, and the ot her had a mix of Firestone and o ff-brand tires. This variation

in tire brands will occur more often with older vehicles. SwRI, with the approval of the Oak

Ridge Program Manager, designated the as-r eceived Continental tire s for the ORCA0 and

ORCA20 emissions tires. The two as-received Fi restone tires were desi gnated as the ORCA15

emissions tires. The emission test tires will be used for emissions testing for all three service

accumulation intervals. New Firestone tires were purchased, mounted, and balanced for vehicle

service accumulation (the original equipment tire brand was Firestone).

Following the announcement that the Dodge Ca libers were received by SwRI, Chrysler

provided the procedure to put the vehicles into “rolls mode” operation so that the vehicle would

operate properly on the two-wheel dynamometer. The Dodge Caliber with the CVT will have to

remain in the manually set rolls mode for all emissions tests and for vehicle service

accumulation. SwRI ran the vehicle road load derivation procedure in rolls mode using the

target dynamometer coefficients provided by Chrysl er. Dynamometer set road load coefficients

were approved by Chrysler. Chrysler provided invaluable support for dynamometer set-up of

these vehicles. Vehicle emissions testing for the Dodge Caliber vehicle set will begin in January.

2.6 Vehicle Procurement – 2006 Nissan Quests , 2002 Nissan Frontiers, and Other NonTier 2 Vehicles

Two sets of three matched vehicles (six vehi cles total) were previously authorized for

purchase for this program. These vehicle mode ls were the 2006 Nissan Quest minivan with the

3.5 L V-6 engine and the 2002 Nissan Frontier 2W D pickup truck with the 2.4 L I-4 engine.

Two 2006 Nissan Quests were purchased and shipped to San Ant onio. A photograph of

the Nissan Quests is provided in Figure 1. A th ird Nissan Quest was identified as described in

the previous progress report, but it was later found to have a different transmission model than

the other two Quests. This vehicle will be exchanged with a Nissan Quest matching the other

two vehicles.

Vehicle check-in information for the Nissan Qu ests is provided in Appendix B. Vehicle

assignment to the project durability fuel etha nol level (E0, E15, or E20) was made randomly.

Included in the preparation activities for the test vehicles is establishing insurance coverage for

each vehicle. The two matching Quests have begun vehicle preparations for project testing

starting with tire changes and en gine control module checks. E ngine control modules will be reflashed as necessary

# Brian H. West

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

January 15, 2010

Page 4 of 6



# FIGURE 1. 2006 NISSSAN QUESTS

Two of the three 2002 Nissan Frontiers have be en purchased and shipped to SwRI. The

third Nissan Frontier is being sough t. A photograph of the two Nissa n Frontiers obtained to date

is given in Figure 2. Vehicle check-in informati on for the Frontiers is also provided in Appendix

B.

FIGURE 2. 2002 NISSAN FRONTIERS

As reported previously, additional project vehi cles were identified at the project review

meeting attended by project stakeholders. The next vehicle models authorized for purchase are

three non-Tier 2 models, namely the 2000 Ford Focus 2.0L, the 2002 Dodge Durango 4.7L, and

the 2000 Honda Accord 2.3L. SwRI will begin procur ement efforts for these vehicles starting in

January.

# Brian H. West

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

January 15, 2010

Page 5 of 6



# 2.7 Vehicle Oil Consumption

Oil consumption history for the Dodge Ca ravan, Chevrolet Cobalt, and Ford Taurus

vehicle sets have been recorded by weight. Gr aphs of oil consumption versus test miles are

provided in Appendix C. These vehicles have not exhibited abnormally high oil consumption

rates.

2.8 Service Accumulation Fuel

The third tanker truck of road grade ethanol was received at the end of this reporting

period. A sample of the road grade ethanol was taken for analysis by the SwRI Petroleum

Products Research Department. Re sults of this analysis will be included in the next progress

report.

Another tanker truck of commercial gasoline (E 0) fuel has been ordered. The availability

of commercial gasoline remains the same as reporte d previously, and it is believed that E0 fuel

will be available for this purchase. The availa bility of local ethanol-fre e gasoline will continue

to be closely watched for this project. All ne w fuel deliveries are checked for possible ethanol

content prior to SwRI accep ting fuel for the project.

2.9 Project Review Meeting

Southwest Research Institute hosted a pr oject review meeting on November 5, 2009.

During this meeting, the next th ree project vehicles were iden tified. Meeting minutes were

previously posted on the project ftp web site and are included in Appendix D for convenience.

3.0 WORK PLANNED FOR THE NEXT REPORTING PERIOD

Southwest Research will continue with search efforts for th e third Nissan Quest and the

third Nissan Frontier. As vehicles are received by SwRI, they will be inspected, insured, and

prepared for emissions testing and service accumulation.

Nissan Altima emissions testing at 120,000 odomet er miles will conti nue into the next

reporting period (January). Ford Taurus ve hicle set service accumulation to 120,000 odometer

miles will continue in January.

Mileage accumulation to the interim service level on the Caravan and Cobalt vehicle sets

is expected to continue through December and finish in January. Interim level em issions testing

will be scheduled in late January, and testing will continue into February.

SwRI will begin procurement efforts for 2000 Ford Focus, the 2002 Dodge Durango, and

the 2000 Honda Accord vehicles starting with one model in late January.

# Brian H. West

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

January 15, 2010

Page 6 of 6



# SwRI will continue to monitor the current supplier of project E0 service accumulation

fuel for the anticipated switch to the distributi on of E10 road fuel. When the switch occurs,

SwRI plans to obtain E0 fuel for the project from another source.

4.0 CONCLUSION

If you have any questions rega rding this progress report, pl ease contact Marty Heimrich

at (210) 522-3022 or by e-mail at mheimrich@swri.org

.

Prepared by: Approved by:

Martin J. Heimrich Jeff J. White

Manager Director

Aftertreatment Technology Department of Emissions R&D

Department of Emissions R&D



# /sat/tyd

cc: Brent Shoffner, SwRI

Kevin Brunner, SwRI

This report shall not be reproduced, except in full, w ithout the written approval of Southwest Research Institute ®



# . Results and discussion given in this report relate only to the test items described in this report.

# APPENDIX A

FTP VEHICLE EMISSIONS TEST DATA

2007 Honda Accords

2006 Chevrolet Silverados

2008 Nissan Altimas

2008 Ford Tauruses

2007 Dodge Caravans

2007 Chevrolet Cobalts

# A- 1TABLE A-1. 2007 HONDA ACCORD EMISSIONS TESTSService Accumulation Level: 0 MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORHA00OR-HA00-1-E0-F-0k-T8E00.031 0.192 0.014 339.40.0030.028 0.030 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.3 26.352 OR-HA00-1-E0-F-0k-T9 0.0370.2570.019340.80.004 0.033 0.035 0.30.1 0.2 0.9 0.2 26.243ORHA10BOR-HA10B-1-E0-F-0k-T1E00.036 0.274 0.018 338.7 0.003 0.0330.034 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.2 26.404 OR-HA10B-1-E0-F-0k-T40.036 0.270 0.021 334.40.0040.0310.0330.4 0.0 0.1 0.9 0.2 26.745 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-0k-T2E100.025 0.143 0.020 332.9 0.003 0.0220.024 0.2 0.7 0.0 0.7 0.4 25.856 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-0k-T40.028 0.175 0.021 332.30.0030.0240.0270.2 0.7 0.0 0.7 0.5 25.897ORHA15OR-HA15-1-E0-F-0k-T2E00.025 0.172 0.014 332.80.0020.0220.0230.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 26.888 OR-HA15-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.0250.1830.012332.00.003 0.023 0.024 0.70.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 26.959 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-0k-T2E150.019 0.130 0.015 332.40.0010.0170.0210.0 1.0 0.0 0.6 0.5 25.5010 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-0k-T3 0.0160.1090.014332.20.001 0.014 0.017 0.00.9 0.0 0.6 0.5 25.5211ORHA20OR-HA20-1-E0-F-0k-T3E00.027 0.199 0.019 237.20.0030.0250.0260.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 27.3312 OR-HA20-1-E0-F-0k-T40.024 0.173 0.014 328.10.0040.0200.0210.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 27.2713 OR-HA20-1-E20-F-0k-T5E200.023 0.140 0.023 327.30.0040.0190.0230.3 1.6 0.0 0.6 0.6 25.2314 OR-HA20-1-E20-F-0k-T60.021 0.137 0.016 334.70.0030.0170.0210.3 1.5 0.0 0.6 0.7 24.67

# A- 2TABLE A-2. 2007 HONDA ACCORD EMISSIONS TESTSService AccumulationLevel: 50k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo.Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOGMethanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORHA00OR-HA00-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.044 0.183 0.023 334.30.0040.040 0.043 0.5 0.2 0.0 1.0 0.3 26.752 OR-HA00-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.0460.1760.026336.80.004 0.041 0.043 0.40.0 0.0 1.1 0.3 26.553ORHA10BOR-HA10B-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.041 0.359 0.022 322.4 0.005 0.0360.038 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.2 27.724OR-HA10B-1-E0-F-50k-T4 0.026 0.217 0.016 323.90.0040.0220.0230.5 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 27.625 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-50k-T1E100.026 0.191 0.019 318.2 0.004 0.0220.024 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.7 0.4 27.046OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-50k-T2 0.029 0.206 0.029 321.90.0040.0250.0280.7 0.6 0.2 0.8 0.4 26.727ORHA15OR-HA15-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.026 0.191 0.016 336.30.0030.0220.0240.1 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.2 26.608 OR-HA15-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.0330.1850.021339.80.003 0.029 0.031 0.50.1 0.0 0.6 0.2 26.329OR-HA15-1-E15-F-50k-T1E150.037 0.173 0.022 324.70.0030.0340.0400.3 1.7 0.0 1.3 0.9 26.1010 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-50k-T2 0.0280.1340.025333.60.003 0.026 0.030 0.21.2 0.0 1.0 0.8 25.4111ORHA20OR-HA20-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.032 0.243 0.020 333.00.0040.0280.0290.5 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 26.8612OR-HA20-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.028 0.186 0.023 334.10.0040.0230.0250.2 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.2 26.7813OR-HA20-1-E20-F-50k-T2E200.026 0.124 0.025 321.20.0030.0220.0260.4 1.5 0.0 0.8 0.8 25.7114OR-HA20-1-E20-F-50k-T3 0.026 0.154 0.023 328.50.0040.0220.0260.2 1.3 0.0 0.8 0.8 25.13

# A- 3TABLE A-3. 2007 HONDA ACCORD EMISSIONS TESTSService Accumulation Level: 120k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORHA00OR-HA00-1-E0-F-120k-T1E00.038 0.242 0.019 325.3 0.004 0.0350.036 0.2 0.1 0.0 1.1 0.3 27.492 OR-HA00-1-E0-F-120k-T3 0.0620.2120.032331.00.004 0.058 0.061 0.50.2 0.0 1.8 0.4 27.013ORHA10BOR-HA10B-1-E0-F-120k-T4E00.039 0.292 0.027 335.2 0.006 0.0330.035 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.2 26.674OR-HA10B-1-E0-F-120k-T5 0.037 0.304 0.025 330.40.005 0.032 0.034 0.40.1 0.0 1.1 0.3 27.065 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-120k-T1E100.029 0.185 0.027 319.1 0.004 0.0240.028 0.3 1.0 0.0 0.7 0.5 26.966OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-120k-T2 0.028 0.178 0.026 322.30.005 0.023 0.025 0.00.7 0.1 0.7 0.5 26.697ORHA15OR-HA15-1-E0-F-120k-T1E00.034 0.305 0.019 331.3 0.003 0.0310.034 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.2 26.918 OR-HA15-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.0120.1840.013332.80.001 0.010 0.012 0.70.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 26.899OR-HA15-1-E15-F-120k-T1E150.020 0.152 0.026 324.7 0.003 0.016 a a 1.1 0.0 0.7 0.6 26.1110 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-120k-T2 0.0200.1020.022320.00.003 0.016 0.019 0.00.3 0.1 0.8 0.5 26.5011ORHA20OR-HA20-1-E0-F-120k-T4E00.034 0.260 0.022 325.7 0.004 0.0300.031 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.2 27.4512OR-HA20-1-E0-F-120k-T5 0.035 0.272 0.022 323.80.005 0.030 0.033 0.40.2 0.1 0.8 0.2 27.6113OR-HA20-1-E20-F-120k-T1E200.014 0.104 0.014 328.1 0.003 0.0100.016 0.3 1.9 0.0 0.9 0.9 25.1714OR-HA20-1-E20-F-120k-T2 0.027 0.176 0.024 328.70.004 0.022 0.028 0.91.6 0.0 0.8 0.9 25.11aMethanol outlier, affected NMOG calculation

# A- 4TABLE A-4. 2006 CHEVROLET SILVERADO EMISSIONS TESTSService Accumulation Level: 0k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORCS00OR-CS00-1-E0-F-0k-T2E00.057 0.640 0.028 569.8 0.011 0.0460.047 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 15.662 OR-CS00-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.0500.5610.026571.80.009 0.040 0.042 0.40.1 0.2 0.6 0.2 15.613ORCS10OR-CS10-1-E0-F-0k-T2E00.061 0.898 0.021 575.5 0.014 0.0460.049 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.7 0.2 15.504OR-CS10-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.055 0.723 0.024 577.60.013 0.041 0.045 0.50.1 0.6 0.7 0.2 15.455 OR-CS10-1-E10-F-0k-T3E100.051 0.703 0.025 566.0 0.012 0.0370.041 0.2 1.4 0.0 0.7 0.7 15.206OR-CS10-1-E10-F-0k-T4 0.053 0.790 0.028 557.70.013 0.039 0.043 0.41.4 0.0 0.7 0.7 15.427ORCS15OR-CS15-1-E0-F-0k-T1E00.060 0.871 0.019 553.1 0.013 0.0470.050 0.2 0.5 0.0 2.1 0.3 16.138 OR-CS15-1-E0-F-0k-T2 0.0600.8190.022554.80.013 0.047 0.049 0.40.1 0.1 0.7 0.2 16.089OR-CS15-1-E15-F-0k-T3E150.054 0.792 0.026 552.8 0.012 0.0410.048 0.2 2.8 0.0 0.8 1.2 15.1110 OR-CS15-1-E15-F-0k-T4 0.0510.7300.028552.40.013 0.036 0.043 0.32.2 0.0 0.8 1.1 15.1211ORCS20OR-CS20-1-E0-F-0k-T1E00.067 0.919 0.024 554.9 0.013 0.0530.057 0.1 0.0 0.0 3.2 0.3 16.0712OR-CS20-1-E0-F-0k-T2 0.066 0.905 0.022 558.70.008 0.060 0.062 0.50.3 0.0 0.6 0.2 15.9613OR-CS20-1-E20-F-0k-T3E200.055 0.854 0.023 551.6 0.012 0.0420.051 0.2 3.4 0.0 0.8 1.5 14.9514OR-CS20-1-E20-F-0k-T4 0.053 0.837 0.023 549.60.013 0.038 0.047 0.53.1 0.1 0.7 1.3 15.01

# A- 5TABLE A-5. 2006 CHEVROLET SILVERADO EMISSIONS TESTSService AccumulationLevel: 50k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORCS00OR-CS00-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.085 0.613 0.051 547.8 0.022 0.0620.066 1.5 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.2 16.292 OR-CS00-1-E0-F-50k-T4 0.0710.7370.042542.70.015 0.054 0.058 1.00.3 0.6 1.0 0.2 16.443ORCS10OR-CS10-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.043 0.673 0.025 537.6 0.013 0.0290.034 2.2 1.1 0.2 1.1 0.3 16.604OR-CS10-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.033 0.605 0.020 543.40.012 0.020 0.023 0.40.1 0.3 0.9 0.3 16.435 OR-CS10-1-E10-F-50k-T1E100.079 0.911 0.048 550.4 0.021 0.0560.064 1.2 2.7 0.1 1.1 0.9 15.626OR-CS10-1-E10-F-50k-T3 0.070 0.736 0.044 549.60.021 0.047 0.058 1.54.5 0.0 1.0 0.8 15.657ORCS15OR-CS15-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.045 0.653 0.020 526.8 0.014 0.0310.034 1.4 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.3 16.948 OR-CS15-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.0490.6940.025530.30.014 0.034 0.036 0.30.1 0.0 1.3 0.4 16.839OR-CS15-1-E15-F-50k-T1E150.086 0.851 0.046 538.9 0.022 0.0620.077 0.7 6.3 0.0 1.6 1.8 15.4910 OR-CS15-1-E15-F-50k-T3 0.0600.7420.035540.20.017 0.041 0.050 0.53.4 0.0 1.1 1.3 15.4611ORCS20OR-CS20-1-E0-F-50k-T3E00.040 0.507 0.022 532.2 0.015 0.0240.027 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.9 0.2 16.7812OR-CS20-1-E0-F-50k-T4 0.037 0.462 0.022 524.30.012 0.024 0.032 6.30.0 0.7 1.1 0.3 17.0313OR-CS20-1-E20-F-50k-T1E200.081 0.538 0.036 542.4 0.022 0.0560.073 2.8 6.9 0.1 1.0 1.5 15.2214OR-CS20-1-E20-F-50k-T2 0.079 0.547 0.037 541.70.022 0.055 0.068 0.55.5 0.0 1.1 1.3 15.24

# A- 6TABLE A-6. 2006 CHEVROLET SILVERADO EMISSIONS TESTSService Accumulation Level: 120k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORCS00OR-CS00-1-E0-F-120k-T3E00.063 0.524 0.023 551.1 0.018 0.0440.045 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.3 16.202OR-CS00-1-E0-F-120k-T4 0.068 0.563 0.040 551.20.018 0.049 0.051 0.30.1 0.0 1.2 0.3 16.203ORCS10OR-CS10-1-E0-F-120k-T1E00.067 0.721 0.043 551.6 0.016 0.0500.053 0.3 0.1 0.0 1.4 0.4 16.184 OR-CS10-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.0750.9020.049564.70.018 0.058 0.060 0.50.1 0.0 1.4 0.4 15.795OR-CS10-1-E10-F-120k-T2E100.076 0.752 0.040 564.5 0.020 0.0540.062 0.5 2.9 0.0 1.4 1.1 15.246 OR-CS10-1-E10-F-120k-T3 0.0770.7960.045560.40.020 0.054 0.063 0.42.7 0.0 1.5 1.5 15.347ORCS15OR-CS15-1-E0-F-120k-T1E00.093 1.092 0.035 558.5 0.024 0.0670.070 0.4 0.2 0.0 1.4 0.4 15.968OR-CS15-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.084 0.893 0.038 552.40.025 0.057 0.059 0.00.2 0.1 1.2 0.4 16.149 OR-CS15-1-E15-F-120k-T1E150.072 0.755 0.033 543.4 0.021 0.0490.059 0.4 3.5 0.0 1.4 1.2 15.3710OR-CS15-1-E15-F-120k-T2 0.073 0.759 0.037 547.60.022 0.049 0.060 0.53.6 0.0 1.5 1.6 15.2511ORCS20OR-CS20-1-E0-F-120k-T1E00.092 0.861 0.045 549.8 0.025 0.0660.068 0.5 0.3 0.0 1.3 0.4 16.2212OR-CS20-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.090 0.811 0.054 563.20.024 0.065 0.067 0.30.0 0.0 1.3 0.4 15.8413OR-CS20-1-E20-F-120k-T1E200.060 0.641 0.039 543.7 0.017 0.0420.052 0.4 3.7 0.0 1.4 1.5 15.1814OR-CS20-1-E20-F-120k-T2 0.064 0.644 0.038 537.30.018 0.043 0.055 0.44.3 0.0 1.4 1.8 15.36

# A- 7TABLE A-7. 2008 NISSAN ALTIMA EMISSIONS TESTSService Accumulation Level: 0k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORNA00OR-NA00-1-E0-F-0k-T2E00.073 0.497 0.032 309.4 0.006 0.0670.068 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.3 28.822 OR-NA00-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.0680.4250.029311.90.006 0.061 0.062 0.20.0 0.0 0.6 0.2 28.603ORNA10OR-NA10-1-E0-F-0k-T3E00.056 0.343 0.023 316.1 0.003 0.0530.054 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.2 28.234OR-NA10-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.058 0.404 0.025 314.10.006 0.052 0.053 0.20.0 0.0 0.5 0.2 28.405 OR-NA10-1-E10-F-0k-T1E100.059 0.393 0.023 313.3 0.000 0.0580.063 0.4 1.9 0.0 0.4 0.7 27.456OR-NA10-1-E10-F-0k-T5 0.060 0.345 0.033 318.10.005 0.055 0.060 0.32.1 0.0 0.5 0.7 27.047ORNA15OR-NA15-1-E0-F-0k-T1E00.059 0.392 0.025 317.2 0.006 0.0530.054 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.2 28.138 OR-NA15-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.0590.4280.031316.60.006 0.053 0.054 0.20.0 0.0 0.7 0.2 28.189OR-NA15-1-E15-F-0k-T1E150.042 0.325 0.022 314.0 0.005 0.0370.042 0.3 2.3 0.0 0.3 0.9 26.6110 OR-NA15-1-E15-F-0k-T2 0.0570.4290.023308.50.006 0.050 0.056 0.62.4 0.0 0.3 0.8 27.0711ORNA20OR-NA20-1-E0-F-0k-T3E00.061 0.382 0.022 319.4 0.005 0.057 0.058 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.2a12OR-NA20-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.065 0.393 0.027 319.8 0.006 0.059 0.060 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.2a13OR-NA20-1-E20-F-0k-T1E200.045 0.307 0.022 308.1 0.000 0.045 0.052 0.2 3.2 0.0 0.4 1.1a14OR-NA20-1-E20-F-0k-T2 0.055 0.322 0.029 306.9 0.005 0.050 0.059 0.2 4.5 0.0 0.4 1.3aaFuel economy data under review

# A- 8TABLE A-8. 2008 NISSAN ALTIMA EMISSIONS TESTSService AccumulationLevel: 50k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORNA00OR-NA00-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.072 0.557 0.049 323.6 0.006 0.0660.068 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.2 27.542OR-NA00-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.068 0.589 0.052 320.60.007 0.060 0.062 0.30.0 0.0 0.7 0.2 27.803ORNA10OR-NA10-1-E0-F-50k-T2E00.032 0.253 0.030 305.5 0.005 0.0270.029 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 29.224 OR-NA10-1-E0-F-50k-T3 0.0420.2030.035305.60.005 0.038 0.039 0.60.1 0.1 0.6 0.2 29.185OR-NA10-1-E10-F-50k-T1E100.061 0.482 0.040 316.4 0.007 0.053 a a 2.1 0.1 0.6 0.7 27.176 OR-NA10-1-E10-F-50k-T2 0.0620.5000.053311.2 0.007 0.055 a a 2.4 0.1 0.7 0.7 27.627ORNA15OR-NA15-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.060 0.557 0.041 316.4 0.006 0.0530.055 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.2 28.218OR-NA15-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.067 0.227 0.041 314.30.006 0.061 0.063 0.20.3 0.0 0.6 0.3 28.419 OR-NA15-1-E15-F-50k-T1E150.071 0.214 0.052 316.6 0.007 0.0630.072 0.3 4.1 0.0 0.8 1.2 26.4010OR-NA15-1-E15-F-50k-T3 0.051 0.215 0.037 324.20.005 0.045 0.052 0.22.9 0.0 0.5 1.0 25.7911ORNA20OR-NA20-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.052 0.488 0.034 321.7 0.006 0.0460.047 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2 27.7312OR-NA20-1-E0-F-50k-T3 0.052 0.537 0.038 313.30.006 0.046 0.047 0.00.1 0.0 0.5 0.2 28.4613OR-NA20-1-E20-F-50k-T1E200.063 0.213 0.048 313.1 0.007 0.0550.065 0.3 4.3 0.0 0.7 1.3 26.3714OR-NA20-1-E20-F-50k-T2 0.062 0.241 0.051 320.10.007 0.054 0.063 0.24.0 0.0 0.6 1.4 25.79aMethanol outliers, affected NMOG calculation

# A- 9TABLE A-9. 2008 NISSAN ALTIMA EMISSIONS TESTSService Accumulation Level: 120k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG1ORNA00OR-NA00-1-E0-F-120k-T1E00.170 3.585 0.061 328.6 0.025 0.14426.722OR-NA00-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.155 3.1020.068 325.4 0.022 0.131 27.043 OR-NA00-1-E0-F-120k-T3 0.1402.8390.071317.70.0210.1184ORNA10OR-NA10-1-E0-F-120kE0Tests to be Scheduled5OR-NA10-1-E0-F-120k6 OR-NA10-1-E10-F-120k-T1E100.072 0.547 0.054 315.6 0.008 0.063 27.227OR-NA10-1-E10-F-120k-T2 0.074 0.5660.063 315.6 0.009 0.065 27.228ORNA15OR-NA15-1-E0-F-120kE0Tests to be Scheduled9 OR-NA15-1-E0-F-120k10OR-NA15-1-E15-F-120k-T1E150.060 0.602 0.053 315.0 0.010 0.049 26.4911 OR-NA15-1-E15-F-120k-T2 0.0560.646 0.053 318.8 0.009 0.046 26.1712ORNA20OR-NA20-1-E0-F-120k-T1E00.068 0.549 0.046 313.2 0.008 0.059 28.4613OR-NA20-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.069 0.5650.042 315.5 0.006 0.063 28.2514OR-NA20-1-E20-F-120k-T1E200.051 0.470 0.043 309.9 0.008 0.042 26.6115OR-NA20-1-E20-F-120k-T2 0.053 0.4640.041 314.0 0.008 0.045 26.26

# A- 10TABLE A-10. 2008 FORD TAURUS EMISSIONS TESTSService Accumulation Level: 0k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORFT00OR-FT00-1-E0-F-0k-T1E00.027 0.517 0.002 441.8 0.004 0.0240.024 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 20.392OR-FT00-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.030 0.591 0.003 437.20.004 0.026 0.029 1.10.0 0.7 0.2 0.1 20.603ORFT10OR-FT10-1-E0-F-0k-T2E00.027 0.303 0.005 431.3 0.003 0.0240.026 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 20.914 OR-FT10-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.0210.2730.003449.30.002 0.019 0.020 0.70.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 20.075OR-FT10-1-E10-F-0k-T1E100.023 0.271 0.005 448.7 0.003 0.0190.024 0.3 2.3 0.0 0.2 0.4 19.196 OR-FT10-1-E10-F-0k-T2 0.0260.2850.003438.70.003 0.023 0.034 1.35.7 0.0 0.2 0.5 19.637ORFT15OR-FT15-1-E0-F-0k-T1E00.024 0.337 0.003 434.1 0.003 0.0220.024 0.5 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.1 20.778OR-FT15-1-E0-F-0k-T2 0.012 0.229 0.001 429.00.002 0.010 0.013 0.70.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 21.039 OR-FT15-1-E15-F-0k-T1E150.017 0.303 0.001 422.6 0.003 0.0130.017 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.2 0.5 20.0810OR-FT15-1-E15-F-0k-T2 0.019 0.297 0.002 425.60.003 0.015 0.021 0.82.1 0.1 0.2 0.6 19.9411ORFT20OR-FT20-1-E0-F-0k-T1E00.028 0.509 0.003 439.5 0.004 0.0240.024 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 20.5012OR-FT20-1-E0-F-0k-T2 0.031 0.518 0.003 437.70.004 0.027 0.028 0.40.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 20.5813OR-FT20-1-E20-F-0k-T1E200.025 0.453 0.003 424.5 0.004 0.0200.028 1.7 2.6 0.3 0.2 0.7 19.4614OR-FT20-1-E20-F-0k-T4 0.021 0.310 0.002 426.80.003 0.017 0.024 0.82.7 0.0 0.2 0.9 19.37

# A- 11TABLE A-11. 2008 FORD TAURUS EMISSIONS TESTSService AccumulationLevel: 50k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORFT00OR-FT00-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.028 0.398 0.006 441.6 0.008 0.0210.021 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 20.412OR-FT00-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.028 0.406 0.006 429.70.008 0.019 0.020 0.00.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 20.973ORFT10OR-FT10-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.030 0.294 0.009 438.2 0.006 0.024 0.025 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.120.584 OR-FT10-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.0300.3800.006438.70.008 0.021 0.022 0.20.1 0.0 0.4 0.1 20.555OR-FT10-1-E10-F-50k-T1E100.032 0.717 0.020 429.7 0.007 0.0250.029 0.5 1.9 0.0 0.3 0.6 20.016 OR-FT10-1-E10-F-50k-T2 0.0310.4880.008431.70.008 0.022 0.026 0.31.5 0.0 0.3 0.5 19.937OR-FT10-1-E10-F-50k-T3 0.023 0.285 0.005 417.4 0.007 0.015 0.018 0.2 1.1 0.0 0.3 0.320.638ORFT15OR-FT15-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.027 0.371 0.006 433.7 0.007 0.0200.021 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 20.789 OR-FT15-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.0240.2920.005426.00.009 0.016 0.018 1.90.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 21.1710OR-FT15-1-E15-F-50k-T1E150.027 0.370 0.014 429.9 0.011 0.0150.018 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.4 19.7411 OR-FT15-1-E15-F-50k-T2 0.0280.4090.021426.00.011 0.016 0.018 0.00.8 0.0 0.2 0.4 19.9112ORFT20OR-FT20-1-E0-F-50k-T1E00.029 0.372 0.010 423.2 0.006 0.0220.023 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 21.3013OR-FT20-1-E0-F-50k-T4 0.034 0.374 0.008 433.40.008 0.026 0.027 0.00.5 0.0 0.4 0.1 20.8014OR-FT20-1-E20-F-50k-T1E200.031 0.382 0.012 424.3 0.008 0.0220.034 0.7 5.9 0.0 0.3 1.0 19.4815OR-FT20-1-E20-F-50k-T2 0.033 0.450 0.010 421.30.008 0.024 0.035 0.35.5 0.0 0.3 0.9 19.61

# A- 12TABLE A-12 2007 DODGE CARAVAN EMISSIONS TESTSService Accumulation Level: 0k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORDC00OR-DC00-1-E0-F-0k-T3E00.045 1.415 0.037 447.9 0.007 0.0380.039 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 20.052 OR-DC00-1-E0-F-0k-T5 0.0571.7960.066450.90.009 0.048 0.051 0.00.3 0.4 0.6 0.2 19.893ORDC10OR-DC10-1-E0-F-0k-T4E00.049 0.974 0.025 459.4 0.007 0.0420.044 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 19.584OR-DC10-1-E0-F-0k-T5 0.056 1.241 0.026 456.20.009 0.047 0.048 0.00.0 0.1 0.6 0.2 19.705 OR-DC10-1-E10-F-0k-T5E100.038 1.013 0.021 455.3 0.006 0.0310.033 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.7 18.876OR-DC10-1-E10-F-0k-T6 0.058 1.172 0.032 453.70.007 0.050 0.058 0.02.9 0.4 0.7 0.9 18.927ORDC15OR-DC15-1-E0-F-0k-T4E00.036 0.856 0.025 460.8 0.005 0.0310.032 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.2 19.538 OR-DC15-1-E0-F-0k-T5 0.0451.0460.032469.10.008 0.037 0.038 0.00.4 0.0 0.6 0.2 19.179OR-DC15-1-E15-F-0k-T4E150.037 0.995 0.025 461.8 0.006 0.0300.036 0.0 2.2 0.1 0.5 0.9 18.3310 OR-DC15-1-E15-F-0k-T5 0.0481.3190.023462.30.006 0.041 0.051 0.04.7 0.1 0.6 1.2 18.2911ORDC20OR-DC20B-1-E0-F-0k-T1E00.053 0.890 0.020 462.1 0.007 0.0470.049 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.2 19.4712OR-DC20B-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.056 0.930 0.030 457.80.007 0.049 0.052 0.60.9 0.0 0.7 0.2 19.6513OR-DC20B-1-E20-F-0k-T2E200.053 1.090 0.041 455.5 0.011 0.0410.054 1.2 4.5 0.2 0.9 1.6 18.1014OR-DC20B-1-E20-F-0k-T5 0.056 1.055 0.038 456.80.009 0.046 0.063 0.68.2 0.0 1.0 1.7 18.0515OR-DC20B-1-E20-F-0k-T6 0.054 1.082 0.037 451.10.009 0.044 0.058 0.06.8 0.0 1.0 1.6 18.28

# A- 13TABLE A-13. 2007 CHEVROLETCOBALT EMISSIONS TESTSService Accumulation Level: 0k MilesTestRef.VehicleNo. Test No. FuelFTP Composite Emissions, g/miFTP Composite Emissions, mg/miC-Bal FuelEconomy,mi/galTHC CO NOXCO2CH4NMHCEPANMOG Methanol Ethanol2-PropanolForm-aldehydeAcet-aldehyde1ORCC00OR-CC00-1-E0-F-0k-T2E00.047 0.613 0.032 327.4 0.005 0.0410.041 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 27.172 OR-CC00-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.0410.6200.038331.40.006 0.035 0.036 0.10.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 26.847ORCC15OR-CC15-1-E0-F-0k-T2E00.051 0.543 0.021 323.4 0.005 0.0450.046 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 27.508OR-CC15-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.042 0.525 0.032 321.70.005 0.037 0.038 0.50.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 27.659OR-CC15-1-E15-F-0k-T2E150.042 0.465 0.026 317.2 0.005 0.0370.044 0.0 3.6 0.0 0.3 0.7 26.5910 OR-CC15-1-E15-F-0k-T3 0.0400.5070.028315.50.005 0.034 0.040 0.02.6 0.0 0.3 0.6 26.7311ORCC20OR-CC20-1-E0-F-0k-T2E00.044 0.432 0.028 314.3 0.005 0.0390.040 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 28.3112OR-CC20-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.043 0.441 0.026 314.40.005 0.037 0.038 0.20.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 28.3113OR-CC20-1-E0-F-0k-T5 0.043 0.510 0.019 314.30.004 0.038 0.038 0.00.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 28.3114 OR-CC20-1-E20-F-0k-T1E200.029 0.332 0.042 310.2 0.004 0.0240.030 0.0 2.2 0.0 0.2 0.7 26.6015OR-CC20-1-E20-F-0k-T2 0.040 0.482 0.054 316.00.006 0.034 0.043 0.04.6 0.0 0.3 0.9 26.1016 OR-CC20-1-E20-F-0k-T3 0.0390.423 0.043 313.1 0.005 0.033 a 0.0a0.0 0.2 0.8 26.34aMethanol outliers, affected NMOG calculation

# APPENDIX B

VEHICLE CHECK-IN INFORMATION

2007 Dodge Calibers

2006 Nissan Quests

2002 Nissan Frontiers

# B-1 

# TABLE B-1. DODGE CALIBER SPECIFICATIONS – CHECK-IN

ORCA0 ORCA15 ORCA20

Vehicle make Dodge Dodge Dodge

Vehicle model Caliber Caliber Caliber

Model year 2007 2007 2007

VIN 1B3HB48B47D225987 1B3HB48B67D563987 1B3HB48B57D154427

Tire size (wheel size) P215/60R17 P215/60R17 P215/60R17

Tire manufacturer Continental & Firestone Affinity & Firestone Nexen

Tire pressure specification 32 psi 32 psi 32 psi

Steel or alloy wheels Alloy Alloy Steel

Odometer 41126 48037 40459

Engine code (Engine family) 7CRXB02.4MES 7CRXB02.4MES 7CRXB02.4MES

Engine evap code 7CRXR0112GHA 7CRXR0112GHA 7CRXR0112GHA

Engine displacement and

configuration 2.0L/4 cyl 2.0L/4 cyl 2.0L/4 CYL

Climate control/ std air cond. Std Std Std

Head lamps (std. Or Xenon) Std Std Std

State insp. Expiration date None August-10 None

License plate expiration date None February-10 None

Is there a license plate in front

and rear? No Yes Yes

License Plate Number N/A 981 NCG 662 RHZ

Transmission Auto/CVT Auto/CVT Auto/CVT

Two-wheel or four wheel drive 2wd 2wd 2wd

Axle Ratio

Axle – Open carrier or limited

slip Open Carrier Open Carrier Open Carrier

Calibration ID #1 68000107AF 05033359AJ 68000107AC

Calibration Version #1 E8706265 4CF51434 6FADC869

Calibration ID #2 05094620AI030000 05094620AG030000 05094620AG030000

# B-2 

# TABLE B-2. DODGE CALIBER SP ECIFICATIONS – AFTER SETUP

ORCA0 ORCA15 ORCA20

Vehicle make Dodge Dodge Dodge

Vehicle model Caliber Caliber Caliber

Model year 2007 2007 2007

VIN 1B3HB48B47D225987 1B3HB48B67D563987 1B3HB48B57D154427

Tire size (wheel size) P215/60R17 P215/60R17 P215/60R17

Tire manufacturer Em. - Continental

Mileage - Firestone Em. - Firestone

Mileage - Firestone Em. - Continental

Mileage - Firestone

Tire pressure specification 32 psi 32 psi 32 psi

Steel or alloy wheels Alloy Alloy Steel

Odometer 41126 48037 40459

Engine code (Engine family) 7CRXB02.4MES 7CRXB02.4MES 7CRXB02.4MES

Engine evap code 7CRXR0112GHA 7CRXR0112GHA 7CRXR0112GHA

Engine displacement and

configuration 2.0L/4 cyl 2.0L/4 cyl 2.0L/4 CYL

Climate control/ std air cond. Std Std Std

Head lamps (std. Or Xenon) Std Std Std

State insp. Expiration date None August-10 None

License plate expiration date None February-10 None

Is there a license plate in front

and rear? No Yes Yes

License Plate Number N/A 981 NCG 662 RHZ

Transmission Auto/CVT Auto/CVT Auto/CVT

Two-wheel or four wheel drive 2wd 2wd 2wd

Axle Ratio

Axle – Open carrier or limited

slip Open Carrier Open Carrier Open Carrier

Calibration ID #1 68000107AK 68000107AK 68000107AK

Calibration Version #1 3FB68F87 3FB68F87 3FB68F87

Calibration ID #2 05094620 AI 030000 05094620 AG 030000 05094620 AG 030000

# B-3 

# TABLE B-3. NISSAN QUEST SP ECIFICATIONS – CHECK-IN

ORNQ0 ORNQ15 ORNQ20

Vehicle make Nissan Nissan Nissan

Vehicle model Quest Quest Quest

Model year 2006 2006 2006

VIN 5N1BV28U26N114117 5N1BV28U16N124511

Tire size (wheel size) P225/65R16 P225/65R16

Tire manufacturer Goodyear General & Goodyear

Tire pressure specification 35 psi 35 psi

Steel or alloy wheels Alloy Alloy

Odometer 56612 49447

Engine code (Engine family) 6NSXT03.5G7B 6NSXT03.5G7B

Engine evap code 6NSXR0120PBB 6NSXR0120PBB

Engine displacement and

configuration 3.5L / V6 3.5L / V6

Climate control/ std air cond. Std Std

Head lamps (std. Or Xenon) Std Std

State insp. Expiration date None None

License plate expiration date None None

Is there a license plate in front

and rear? No No

License Plate Number None None

Transmission Auto Auto

Two-wheel or four wheel drive 2wd 2wd

Axle Ratio

Axle – Open carrier or limited

slip Open Carrier Open Carrier

Calibration ID #1 1ZM01A 1ZM01B

Calibration Version #1 0E7E1F27 0E44658F

Calibration ID #2 100010 100010

Calibration Version #2 000008CD 000008CD

Record existing PCM codes None None

Clear codes with approval of

project manager.

Exhaust Aftertreatment -

Number of catalytic converters 2 warmup and 1 under

floor 2 warmup and 1 under

floor

With vehicle at idle place red rag

over the end of the tailpipe and

look for exhaust leaks None None

# B-4 

# TABLE B-4. NISSAN FRONTIER SPECIFICATIONS – CHECK-IN

ORNF0 ORNF15

Vehicle make Nissan Nissan

Vehicle model Frontier Frontier

Model year 2002 2002

VIN 1N6DD26S42C344018 1N6DD26S02C389876

Tire size (wheel size) P225/75R15 P225/75R15

Tire manufacturer Kumho & Falken Cooper & Performance

Tire pressure specification 30 psi 30 psi

Steel or alloy wheels Allloy Allloy

Odometer 9065 94498

Engine code (Engine family) 2NSXT02.4C4B 2NSXT02.4C4B

Engine evap code 2NSXR0110RCC 2NSXR0110RCC

Engine displacement and

configuration 2.4L / 4 CYL 2.4L / 4 CYL

Climate control/ std air cond. Std Std

Head lamps (std. Or Xenon) Std Std

State insp. Expiration date Nov-2010 Aug-2010

License plate expiration date None None

Is there a license plate in front

and rear? No No

License Plate Number None None

Transmission Auto Auto

Two-wheel or four wheel drive 2wd 2wd

# APPENDIX C

OIL CONSUMPTION HISTORY

2007 Dodge Caravans

2007 Chevrolet Cobalts

2008 Ford Tauruses

# C- 1FIGURE C-1. DODGE CARAVAN OIL CONSUMPTION01234567891011121314150 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000

Total Oil Consumption (lbs.)Test MilesDodge Caravan Oil ConsumptionORDC0ORDC10ORDC15ORDC20B

# C- 2FIGURE C-2. CHEVROLETCOBALT OIL CONSUMPTION01234567891011121314150 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000

Total Oil Consumption (lbs.)Test MilesChevrolet Cobalt Oil ConsumptionORCC0ORCC15ORCC20

# C- 3FIGURE C-3. FORD TAURUS OIL CONSUMPTION0123456789100 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000

Total Oil Consumption (lbs.)Test MilesFord Taurus Oil ConsumptionORFT0ORFT10ORFT15ORFT20

# APPENDIX D

Project Review Meeting Minutes

Meeting date: November 5, 2009

(Meeting minutes were previously po sted to the project ftp web site)

# S O U T H W E S T R E S E A R C H I N S T I T U T E ®

6220 CULEBRA ROAD • POST OFFICE DRAWER 28510 • SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78228-0510, USA • WWW.SWRI.ORG



# 1 December 12, 2009

SUBJECT: Meeting Minutes

Program E-87-2

Catalyst Durability with Ethanol Blends

DATE OF MEETING: 11/05/09

LOCATION: Southwest Research Institute (SwRI  

# )

MEETING RECORDER: Brent Shoffner, SwRI bshoffner@swri.org

I. INTRODUCTION

Martin Heimrich of Southwest Research Institute (Sw RI) called the meeting to order at 9:00 AM.

The list of personnel attending the meeting at SwRI is included in Attachment A. Several people,

also listed in Attachment A, participated in the me eting via a telephone conference call. The

agenda is included as Attachment B. The electronic files of the presentations given during the

meeting, as listed in Table 1, have been uploaded t o the dedicated password protected ftp site

established for this program or are included in the attachments.

Table 1 - List of Presentations

Reference

Number File Name Presenter Location for

Reference

1 020 Oak Ridge Project E-87-2 Emissions

20091105.ppt Martin

Heimrich ftp site

2 Oak Ridge Project E-87-2 Fleet Lab 0901105.ppt Br ent Shoffner ftp site

3 040 Veh_Selection_2009_11_03_bw.ppt Brian West ft p site

4 050 E87 Orban - November 5 2009 Final.pptx John O rban ftp site

5 e87 ranking.ppt Brian West Attachment E

II. REPORTS

A. Light Duty Vehicle Emissions Laboratory Report – Ma rtin Heimrich

Martin Heimrich gave the presentation entitled “ Vehicle Emissions and WOT Testing Overview ”

noted as reference #1 in the Introduction, Section I. This presentation consisted of background

information regarding the emissions tests conducted for the E-87-2 program.

# 2

B. Automotive Fleet Laboratory Report – Brent Shoffner

The presentation entitled “ Automotive Fleet Laboratory Vehicles, Fuel, & Milea ge

Accumulation ” is noted as reference #2 in Table 1. The presenta tion consisted of a review of the

vehicle naming convention, the current status of mi leage accumulation, progress of vehicle

procurement, and test fuel status.

The group discussions centered on the availability of the RE0 mileage accumulation fuel for the

life of the program. At some time in the near futu re, most fuel terminals in the U.S. will only

offer E10, not E0. The current terminal used to pro cure E0 for the program will have E0

available until the end of 2009 and probably until mid-January. Another terminal in Louisiana

will have E0 available through the 1Q 2010. After that time SwRI will search for terminals

(potentially in the mountain western states) to pur chase RE0, which would be used for blending

RE15 and RE20. Fuel available in higher altitude ar eas could potentially have octane ratings

lower than 87.

As the distance (and freight cost) becomes greater the RE0 could be used only for the RE0

mileage accumulation and locally available RE10 wou ld be used for the RE15 and RE20 blends.

Unfortunately this option would add another degree of freedom into the program. Using E0

“BOB” fuel, which is formulated to mix with ethanol for E10, is a complicated issue and should

be avoided if at all possible in the program

The following are action items that resulted from t he discussion:

Action Item 1: Get a per-mile estimate of the fuel transportation cost for procuring E0 fuel from

terminals at greater distances from SwRI than the c urrent local terminal.

Brent Shoffner

An approximate range is $2.00 - $2.50 per mile for a tanker truck with 7,500 gallons of fuel.

Action Item 2: Determine the term of the project fu el storage. As an example: How much time

do we have to identify a new E0 fuel supplier, shou ld the existing supplier no longer offer E0

fuel?

Brent Shoffner

In the worst case the fuel in storage would be appr oximately 8,000 gallons less than the total

capacity. After a tanker truck had been ordered, E 10 was not available at the terminal. In this

worst case scenario there would be about 80 days of fuel remaining assuming 9 vehicles

averaging 850 miles per day and 25 mpg.

The fuel sulfur level of the mileage accumulation f uel was discussed. The question was asked,

“Should there be an alarm if the sulfur level is fo und to be above a given level?”

Coleman Jones suggested a guideline for sulfur base d on the project history.

Action Item3: Analyze the sulfur concentration meas ured from fuel samples taken from the

tanker trucks, which delivered E0 fuel for the prog ram.

Brent Shoffner

Please refer to Table 2.

# 3 Table 2 – Sulfur Concentration of E0 Fuel Delivered by Tanker Trucks

Sample

Number Sulfur Concentration

(PPM)

1 39.7

2 51.1

3 48.4

4 47.8

5 52.3

6 62.2

7 52.3

8 50.1

9 43.6

10 49.1

11 41.9

12 56.9

13 56.1

Average 50.1

Maximum 56.9

Standard

Deviation 6.23

C. Vehicle Selection – Brian West

The presentation entitled “ Non-Tier 2 Vehicles for V4 / E-87-2 ” is noted as reference #3 in Table

1. Brian presented a program time table (shown in Attachment C) and proposed a “way

forward” for the selection of non-tier 2 vehicles, which is included in Attachment D. The vehicle

table lists the planned vehicles and candidate vehi cles sorted by manufacturer. The

recommended non-tier 2 vehicles are matched with th e comparable tier 2 counterpart already

identified for the program. The vehicle manufactur ers in the table represent approximately 87%

of the vehicle population.

It was noted that the original vehicle proposal was to test the most severe vehicles from the E-87-

1 program. The purpose of the E-87-1 program was to develop test methodology and evaluate

vehicle makes/models for potential vehicle sensitiv ity to catalyst degradation with intermediate

ethanol blends. It was stated that the objective of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is

to evaluate a representative vehicle population. E PA will not consider “low volume” vehicles

(e.g., <~100K vehicles/engines per year). The E-87- 1 vehicle ranking was reviewed and that

table is given in Attachment E.

CRC agreed to fund the purchase of the three 2006 N issan Quest and three 2002 Nissan Frontier

vehicles. It was stated that the two Chevrolet non -tier 2 vehicle groups (2000 Chevrolet

Silverado and 2003 Chevrolet Cavalier) are probably not sensitive to intermediate ethanol

blends, with regards to catalyst deterioration.

# 4

It was recommended that the similar make/model tier 2 and non-tier 2 vehicles be tested in the

same laboratory. It might also be advantageous to retest a few vehicle groups at the end of the

program for replicate results.

The meeting participants came to the following cons ensus:

Consensus 1

Accept the non-tier 2 vehicles (in Attachment D)

The following non-tier 2 vehicles (from the “Green list vehicles”) will be tested at SwRI in the

order noted below:

2002 Nissan Frontier

2000 Ford Focus

2002 Dodge Durango

2000 Honda Accord

2003 Toyota Camry (contingent on funding and sched ule; this vehicle will likely be tested at

TRC to maintain schedule)

D. Emissions Results – John Orban

The presentation entitled “Accord and Silverado Preliminary Test Results and Statistical

Modeling Approach” is noted as reference #4 in Table 1. The presentat ion included a

description of the statistical modeling approach an d a summary of the final emissions results

from the Chevrolet Silverado and Honda Accord vehic les. The following emissions FTP-75

composite results are shown in graphs, which are in cluded in Attachment F.

Carbon Monoxide

Oxides of Nitrogen

Non-methane Hydrocarbons

Fuel Economy

The PowerPoint® presentation includes additional em issions results.

III. DISCUSSIONS

Brian West stated that another laboratory had issue s with the Jeep Liberty vehicles’ fuel adaption

following fuel change, preps, and FTP tests. FTP-7 5 E0 tests that followed E20 WOTs and E0

fuel prep differed from the FTP E0 test results tha t followed 4k mileage accumulation on RE0.

The decision was made to incorporate a lengthy proc edure, which included disconnecting the

battery and re-learning trim values (but only after completing duplicate emissions tests in the

“abnormal” state). In summary, re-adapting to gaso line appeared to be a real concern for the

Jeep Liberty.

# 5

Marty Heimrich stated that the fuel changes at SwRI have been thorough and there has been little

or no evidence of ethanol in the E0 emissions data. SwRI also added a flush on suspect vehicles

to improve flush effectiveness.

To improve the strength of the statistics and quali ty of the data set, the following action item was

proposed:

Action Item:

Conduct a third emissions test when the variation o f the first two tests exceeds a repeatability

threshold.

Martin Heimrich

It was stated that a fuel terminal in Big Springs, TX (west of Dallas) might not be converting to

E10 and it could possibly be a source of E0 for the project.

The meeting adjourned at 2:00 PM.

# Attachment A

List of Meeting Attendees

# Attendance List

Name Company In

Attendance By

Telephone

Brian West ORNL X

Chris Tennant CRC X

Coleman Jones GM X

Mike Viola GM X

Ken Wright Conoco Phillips X

Marie Valentine Toyota X

Brent Bailey CRC X

King Eng Shell Global Solutions X

Keith Knoll NREL X

Charlie Schleyer Exxon X

James Uihlein Chevron X

John Orban Battelle X

Ken Kimura BP X

Andy Mabutol Mitsubishi X

Dominic DiCicco Ford X

Connie Hart EPA X

Tony Fernandez EPA X

David Lax API X

Martin Heimrich SwRI X

Brent Shoffner SwRI X

Don Hart SwRI X

Michael Lochte SwRI X

Ryan Hecox SwRI X

Terry Westrum SwRI X

# Attachment B

Meeting Agenda

# V4/E-87-2 Oak Ridge National Laboratory/ CRC Projec t Meeting

Agenda

November 5, 2009

Engine, Emissions, & Vehicle Research Division

Southwest Research Institute

6220 Culebra Road

San Antonio, TX 78238-5165

Project Engineer/Host:

Martin J. Heimrich

Emissions Research and

Development

Department

Phone: (210) 522-3022

FAX: (210) 522-3950

Email:

mheimrich@swri.org Directors:

Jeff J. White 

# Michael D. Lochte

Emissions Research and 

# Fuels and Lubricants

Development Department 

# Research

Phone: (210) 522-2649 

# Phone: (210) 522-5430

FAX: (210) 522-3950 

# FAX: (210) 684-7523

Email: jjwhite@swri.org 

# Email:

michael.lochte@swri.org Division Vice President:

Bruce Bykowski

Phone: (210) 522-2937

Fax: (210) 522-3950

Email: bbykowski@swri.org

Visiting Client Staff: Brian West, ORNL James Uihlein, Chevron Brent Bailey, CRC

Chris Tennant, CRC Keith Knoll, NREL

Coleman Jones, GM Marie Valentine, Toyota

David Lax, API (by phone) King Eng, Shell Glo bal Solutions

John E. Orban, Battelle Ken Wright, Conoco Ph illips

Charlie Schleyer, Exxon (by phone) Jeff Jetter, Honda



# Purpose of Visit: V4/E-87-2 Project Review Meeting



# Bldg. 87, Main Conference Room – November 5, 2009, from 8 am to 5 pm



# TENTATIVE AGENDA

Thursday, November 5, 2009

8:30 -9:00 Arrivals & Introductions ..............

................................................... ................................................... ....... All

9:00 Opening Remarks ............................ ....................................... Brian West, Marty Heimrich, Brent Shoffner

Emissions Test Plan Review .....................

................................................... ......................... Marty Heimrich

Fleet Test Data Overview .......................

................................................... ............................. Brent Shoffner

V4/E-87-2 Program Vehicle Selection .............

................................................... ......................... Brian West

FTP Emissions Test Data Overview ...............

................................................... ................... Marty Heimrich

Data and Statistical Interpretation..............

................................................... ................................ John Orban

Alcohols and Aldehydes Measurements ............

................................................... .................. Patrick Merritt

11:30 Lunch at SwRI Cafeteria ...................

................................................... ................................................... . All

1:00 Discussions ................................

................................................... ................................................... ......... All

2:00 Adjourn ....................................

................................................... ................................................... ........... All

cc/ B Bykowski, D Barranco, L Cruz, J White, T Davi son, C Sharp, K Whitney, S Sampson, E Krueger, K Ec htle,

S Tondre, D Reeh, L Grant, B Shoffner , K Brunner, M Lochte, Patrick Merritt.

# Attachment C

Projected Time TableOak Ridge Project E-87-2 Time TableCRC-DOE confidential–Do not Cite7ScheduleFacility # vehNe w/Used Ja n Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Ma r Apr May Jun Jul Aug SepOct4 2007 Accord Used 35k 85k 120k- - - -10b*42006SilveradoUsed27k77k120k4 2008 Altima Used 20k 70k 120k42008TaurusUsed17k67k120k42007CaravanUsed45k95k120k32006CobaltUsed50k95k120k32006QuestUsed50k95k1 20k3 2007 Caliber Used50k 95k 120 k3 2009 Civic New4k 60k 120k32009ExplorerNew4k60k120k3 2009 Corolla New4k 60k 120k32009LibertyNew4k60k120k3 2005 Tundra Used50k 95k 1 20k32006ImpalaUsed35k95k120 k3 2005 F150 Used50k 95k 120 k22009Outlo okNew4k60k90k120k22009CamryNew4k60k90k120k22009FocusNew4k60k90k120k2 2009 Odyssey New4k 60k 90k 120k20102009ETC(5000 ftEl.)TRCYea r and ModelSWRI•Non-Tier 2 vehicles to start in Spring 2010 at SwRIand TRC•Priority on finishing Tier 2 vehicles per EPA/DOE•Non-Tier 2 vehicles could finish late 2010, early 2011

# Attachment D

Vehicle SelectionCRC-DOE confidential–Do not Cite3Proposed path forward: 19 Tier 2, 8 “pre-2004”Non-Tier 2 picks from same mfrs is most defensiblemixRegistration database, E-87-1 “Top Ten,” and V1 screening considered in selectionsYear Make Model Eng ine site Year M ake Model Engine Cert2006 Chevrolet Silverado 5.3L V8 SwRI2000 Chevrolet Silverado 5.3L V8 T 1 or LEV2006 Chevrolet Impala 3.9L V6 TRC2009 Saturn Outlook 3.6L V6 ETC2006 Chevrolet Cobalt 2.2L I4 SwRI2003 Chevrolet Cavalier 2.2L I4 LEV? (Ion)2008 Ford Taurus 3.5L V6 SwRI2003 Ford Taurus 3.0L V6 LEV o r T2B8?2009 Ford Explorer 4.0L V6 TRC2009 Ford Focus 2.0L I4 ETC2000 Ford Focus 2.0L I4 LEV2005 Ford F150 5.4L V8 TRC2007 Dodge Caravan 3.3L V6 SwRI2007 Dodge Caliber 2.4L I4 SwRI2009 Jeep Liberty 3.7L V6 TRC2002 Dodge Durango 4.7L V8 T 1, LEV, or ULEV2005 Toyota Tundra 4.0L V6 TRC2009 Toyota Corolla 1.8L I4 TRC2009 Toyota Camry 2.4L I4 ETC2003 T oyota Camry 2.4L I4 ULEV2007 Honda Accord 2.4L I4 SwRI2000 Honda Accord 2.3L I4 LEV, ULEV, SLEV2009 Honda Civic 1.8L I4 TRC2009 Honda Odyssey 3.5L V6 ETC2008 Nissan Altima 2.5L I4 SwRI2002 Nissan Frontier 2.4L I4LEV2006 Nissan Quest 3.5L V6 SwRIHon daNissannon-Tier 2T ier 2G MFordChryslerToyotaBlack Te xt: Under TestRed Text: Planned / in acquisitionGreen T ext: This Proposal2.0L I4

# Attachment E

E-87-1 

# Results – Vehicle RankingCRC # VehicleLFT @WOTAve rageLa mbda E20Power toWeightRatioAver age E20Catalyst InletTem peratur eDeltaLam bda E0 -E20Delta Catalyst InletTem peratur e E0-E2 0 Final6 2 002 Nissan Fron tier No 1 1 1 5 2 3 2 27 20 01 Hy und ai Accen t No 13 5 1 6 11 3 62 5 2 001 Ma zda 626 No 23 7 2 7 1 4 01 8 20 00 For d Focu s No 3 15 1 0 984 52 3 20 06 Nis san Que st No 5 23 9 174 53 19 99 Fo rd C rown Vic tor ia No 9 16 1 4 424 52 4 20 01 Vo lkswag en Jetta Yes 6 2 6 16 15 4 51 20 01 Ch evr olet Tr acke r No 10 8 5 1394 52 0 2 002 Dod ge Dura ngo 4WD No 2 14 1 9 5125 22 220 00 Hond a Acco rd LXNo 14 12 1 8 8 5 5 71 9 20 03 Fo rd Tau ru s Yes 12 10 8 17 10 5 71 4 20 06 Chevr olet Coba lt No 4 18 3 10 22 5 75 200 3 Niss an Altim a No 20 20 4 11 4 5 91 2200 7 Ch rysler Jee pRu bicon No 7 19 7 3235 91 11 995 Hon da C ivicNo 21 9 2 0 12 6 6 82 200 1 Ch evro let M etr o ? 16 3 2 5 14 13 7 191 999 Mits ubish i Mira geYes 11 6 2 2 18 20 7 74 2 001 Chry sler PT Cr uiser ? 24 11 1 7 15 17 8 41 020 01 Mitsu bishi M on teroSp ort 4WD Yes 19 4 1 3 24248 48 20 04 BM W 33 0i Yes 8 25 1 1 22 18 8 41 7 20 07 For d Focu s ? 17 17 1 2 23168 51 5200 6 Ch evro let Silver ad o,Ext end ed Cab Yes 15 24 1 6 20219 62 1 20 00 To yota Sie nna Yes 22 13 2 4 19 19 9 71 62 002 Che vrole t Sub urb an,4W D Yes 18 21 2 3 21149 71 320 03 Vo lkswag en JettaNA 25 22 2 1 25 25 11 8Revised E-87-1 (Screening Study) Vehicle RankingCRC Picks:Non-Tier 2CRC Pick:Tier 2Cha rt b ase d o n Ta ble 20, “C RC E- 87- 1 Fin al Ra nk Or de r Re sult s “ fro m the E-8 7- 1 Fina l Re por t, with theReg istr at io n C rite ria dr op pe d

# Attachment F

Summary of Honda Accord and Chevrolet Silverado

Emissions Test Results3Silverado Accord0.000.200.400.600.801.001.20**C O** **( g** **/ m** **i )** **Composite CO**E0E10E15E200 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FULRE0 RE10RE15 RE20ORCS00 ORCS10ORCS15 ORCS20Test FuelTest MilesRoad FuelVehicle0.000.050.100.150.200.250.300.350.40**C O** **( g** **/ m** **i )** **Composite CO**E0E10E15E200 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FULRE0 RE10RE15 RE20ORHA0 ORHA10BORHA15 ORHA20Test FuelTest MilesRoad FuelVehicleEthanol effect (negative) with Accords (no LFT at WOT)4Silverado Accord0.0000.0100.0200.0300.0400.0500.060**N O** **x (** **g /** **m i** **) Composite NOx** E0E10E15E200 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FULRE0 RE10RE15 RE20ORCS00 ORCS10ORCS15 ORCS20Test FuelTest MilesRoad FuelVehicle0.0000.0050.0100.0150.0200.0250.0300.035**N O** **x (** **g /** **m i** **) Composite NOx** E0E10E15E200 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FULRE0 RE10RE15 RE20ORHA0 ORHA10BORHA15 ORHA20Test FuelTest MilesRoad FuelVehicle5Silverado Accord0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.07**N M** **H C** **( g** **/ m** **i )** **Composite NMHC**E0E10E15E200 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FULRE0 RE10RE15 RE20ORHA0 ORHA10BORHA15 ORHA20Test FuelTest MilesRoad FuelVehicle0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.08**N M** **H C** **( g** **/ m** **i )** **Composite NMHC**E0E10E15E200 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FULRE0 RE10RE15 RE20ORCS00 ORCS10ORCS15 ORCS20Test FuelTest MilesRoad FuelVehicleEthanol effect (negative) with Accords (no LFT at WOT)7Silverado Accord24.525.025.526.026.527.027.528.0**F u** **e l** **E c** **o n** **o m** **y (** **m i** **/ g** **a l** **) Composite Fuel Economy** E0E10E15E200 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FULRE0 RE10RE15 RE20ORHA0 ORHA10BORHA15 ORHA20Test FuelTest MilesRoad FuelVehicle14.515.015.516.016.517.017.5**F u** **e l** **E c** **o n** **o m** **y (** **m i** **/ g** **a l** **) Composite Fuel Economy** E0E10E15E200 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FULRE0 RE10RE15 RE20ORCS00 ORCS10ORCS15 ORCS20Test FuelTest MilesRoad FuelVehicle~7% Reduction in Fuel Economy with E20