IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS

DALLAS DIVISION

PHILLIP REED, #57959177, §

MOVANT, §

§

V. § CASE NO. 3:22-CV-1683-B-BK

§ (CRIMINAL NO. 3:18-CR-194-B-2)

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, §

 RESPONDENT. §

FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

OF THE UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE

Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b) and Special Order 3, the pro se motion to vacate, set 

aside, or correct sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 was referred to the undersigned United States 

magistrate judge for case management, including the issuance of findings and a recommended 

disposition. As detailed herein, the motion should be summarily DISMISSED WITHOUT

PREJUDICE for lack of jurisdiction. 

On August 2, 2022, Janet Reed, Movant’s mother and a non-lawyer, filed a Motion to 

Vacate Sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255 in her capacity as power of attorney for Movant Phillip 

Reed (“Reed”). Doc. 2 at 14; Doc. 2 at 16-21 (copy of Reed’s power of attorney). She states 

that Reed is “incarcerated with limited access to library and at times mail issue.” Doc. 2 at 14.

28 U.S.C. § 2242 provides, in part, that “[an] application for a writ of habeas corpus shall 

be in writing signed and verified by the person for whose relief it is intended or by someone 

acting in his behalf.” See also Rule 2(b)(5) of the Rules Governing Section 2255 Cases in the 

United States District Courts (requiring the § 2255 motion to “be signed under penalty of perjury 

by the movant or by a person authorized to sign it for the movant”). An executed power of 

attorney, however, does not authorize an unlicensed attorney to file a habeas corpus petition on 

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behalf of a petitioner as a “next friend.” Weber v. Garza, 570 F.2d 511, 514 (5th Cir. 1978). 

Rather, the unlicensed attorney has the burden to “establish the propriety of his status” so as to 

“justify the jurisdiction of the court.” Whitmore v. Arkansas, 495 U.S. 149, 163-64 (1990)

(summarizing “next friend” standing). Absent adequate reasons or explanations for granting 

such status “the court is without jurisdiction to consider the petition.” Weber, 570 F.2d 514

(affirming dismissal where litigant did not explain necessity for the “next friend” device).

Here, Janet Reed apparently filed the § 2255 motion only under the authority granted her 

by Reed’s power of attorney. She does not provide any reason or explanation of the necessity for 

resort to the “next friend” device, and none appears on the record in this case. See Weber, 570 

F.2d at 514 n.4 (“Inability to understand the English language or the situation, particularly in the 

case of aliens, impossibility of access to the person, or mental incapacity are all illustrations of 

the proper use of the ‘next friend’ application.”). Therefore, the Court lacks jurisdiction over 

the § 2255 motion filed by Janet Reed. See id. at 514 (dismissing “appeal petition” for want of 

jurisdiction because nonlawyer litigant was not qualified as a “next friend” and not authorized to 

practice law); Ables v. Dretke, No. CIV.A. 4:05CV0372Y, 2005 WL 3148439, at *2 (N.D. Tex. 

Nov. 15, 2005), R. & R. adopted, 2006 WL 229007 (N.D. Tex. Jan. 31, 2006) (dismissing the 28 

U.S.C. § 2254 habeas petition for want of jurisdiction due to lack of next-friend standing); 

Myran v. Clark, No. 1:11CV677, 2011 WL 7110227, at *1 (E.D. Tex. Dec. 9, 2011), R. & R. 

adopted sub nom. Myran v. Judge Clark of Orange Cnty., 2012 WL 254695 (E.D. Tex. Jan. 27, 

2012) (same).

 For the foregoing reasons, the § 2255 motion filed by Janet Reed should be DISMISSED

WITHOUT PREJUDICE for lack of jurisdiction.

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The Clerk of the Court is directed, in addition to providing the required notice to 

Movant, to mail a copy of this recommendation to Janet Reed, 1828 E. Highland, Waxahachie, 

Texas 75167.

SO RECOMMENDED on August 19, 2022.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR SERVICE AND

NOTICE OF RIGHT TO APPEAL/OBJECT

A copy of this report and recommendation will be served on all parties in the manner provided by 

law. Any party who objects to any part of this report and recommendation must file specific 

written objections within 14 days after being served with a copy. See 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1); FED.

R. CIV. P. 72(b). An objection must identify the finding or recommendation to which objection is 

made, the basis for the objection, and the place in the magistrate judge’s report and 

recommendation the disputed determination is found. An objection that merely incorporates by 

reference or refers to the briefing before the magistrate judge is not specific. Failure to file specific 

written objections will bar the aggrieved party from appealing the factual findings and legal 

conclusions of the magistrate judge that are accepted or adopted by the district court, except upon 

grounds of plain error. See Douglass v. United Services Automobile Ass’n, 79 F.3d 1415, 1417 

(5th Cir. 1996), modified by statute on other grounds, 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1) (extending the time 

to file objections to 14 days). 

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