EX-10.43



 Exhibit 10.43 

CYTOKINETICS, INCORPORATED 

Shares of Common Stock 
 (par value
$0.001 per share) 
 Controlled Equity OfferingSM 

Sales Agreement 

September 4, 2015 
 Cantor
Fitzgerald & Co. 
 499 Park Avenue 
 New York, NY
10022 
 Ladies and Gentlemen: 
 Cytokinetics,
Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), confirms its agreement (this “Agreement”) with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (the “Agent”), as follows: 

1. Issuance and Sale of Shares. The Company agrees that, from time to time during the term of this Agreement, on the terms and subject
to the conditions set forth herein, it may issue and sell through the Agent shares of common stock (the “Placement Shares”) of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”) ; provided,
however, that in no event shall the Company issue or sell through the Agent such number or dollar amount of Placement Shares that would (a) exceed the number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock registered on the effective Registration
Statement (defined below) pursuant to which the offering is being made, (b) exceed the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock, (c) exceed the number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock permitted to be sold under
Form S-3 (including Instruction I.B.6. thereof, if applicable) or (d) exceed the number or dollar amount of shares of Common Stock for which the Company has filed a Prospectus (defined below) (the lesser of (a), (b), (c) and (d), the
“Maximum Amount”). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the parties hereto agree that compliance with the limitations set forth in this Section 1 on the amount of Placement Shares issued and sold
under this Agreement shall be the sole responsibility of the Company and that Agent shall have no obligation in connection with such compliance. The issuance and sale of Placement Shares through Agent will be effected pursuant to the Registration
Statement to be filed by the Company and to be declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), although nothing in this Agreement shall be construed as requiring the Company to use the
Registration Statement to issue Common Stock. 
 The Company has filed or will file, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Act
of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and the rules and regulations thereunder (the “Securities Act Regulations”), with the Commission a registration statement on Form S-3, including a prospectus
relating to the Placement Shares to be issued from time to time by the Company, and which incorporates by reference documents that the Company has filed or will file in accordance with the provisions of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules and regulations thereunder. Following the date that such registration statement is declared effective by the Commission, the Company will furnish to the








 
Agent, for use by the Agent, copies of the prospectus included as part of such registration statement relating to the Placement Shares. The Company may file one or more additional registration
statements from time to time that will contain a prospectus and related prospectus supplement, if applicable, with respect to the Placement Shares. Except where the context otherwise requires, such registration statement(s), including all documents
filed as part thereof or incorporated by reference therein, and including any information contained in a Prospectus (as defined below) subsequently filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act Regulations or deemed
to be a part of such registration statement pursuant to Rule 430B of the Securities Act Regulations, is herein called the “Registration Statement.” The prospectus or prospectuses relating to the Placement Shares,
including all documents incorporated therein by reference, included in the Registration Statement, as it may be supplemented, if necessary, by any prospectus supplement, in the form in which such prospectus or prospectuses and/or prospectus
supplement have most recently been filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act Regulations, together with the then issued Issuer Free Writing Prospectus(es) (defined below), is herein called the
“Prospectus.” 
 Any reference herein to the Registration Statement, any Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing
Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents, if any, incorporated by reference therein (the “Incorporated Documents”), including, unless the context otherwise requires, the documents, if any, filed as
exhibits to such Incorporated Documents. Any reference herein to the terms “amend,” “amendment” or “supplement” with respect to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus shall be
deemed to refer to and include the filing of any document under the Exchange Act on or after the most-recent effective date of the Registration Statement, or the date of the Prospectus or such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as the case may be, and
incorporated therein by reference. For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or to any amendment or supplement thereto shall be deemed to include the most recent copy filed with the Commission
pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval System, or if applicable, the Interactive Data Electronic Application system when used by the Commission (collectively, “EDGAR”). 

2. Placements. Each time that the Company wishes to issue and sell Placement Shares hereunder (each, a
“Placement”), it will notify the Agent by email notice (or other method mutually agreed to in writing by the parties) of the number of Placement Shares to be issued, the time period during which sales are requested to be
made, any limitation on the number of Placement Shares that may be sold in any one day and any minimum price below which sales may not be made (a “Placement Notice”), the form of which is attached hereto as Schedule 1. The
Placement Notice shall originate from any of the individuals from the Company set forth on Schedule 3 (with a copy to each of the other individuals from the Company listed on such schedule), and shall be addressed to each of the individuals from the
Agent set forth on Schedule 3, as such Schedule 3 may be amended from time to time. The Placement Notice shall be effective unless and until (i) the Agent declines to accept the terms contained therein for any reason, in its sole
discretion, which declination must occur within two (2) Business Days (as defined below) of the receipt of the Placement Notice, (ii) the entire amount of the Placement Shares thereunder have been sold, (iii) the Company suspends or
terminates the Placement Notice or (iv) this Agreement has been terminated under the provisions of Section 12. The 

  
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amount of any discount, commission or other compensation to be paid by the Company to Agent in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares shall be calculated in accordance with the terms
set forth in Schedule 2. It is expressly acknowledged and agreed that neither the Company nor the Agent will have any obligation whatsoever with respect to a Placement or any Placement Shares unless and until the Company delivers a Placement Notice
to the Agent and the Agent does not decline such Placement Notice pursuant to the terms set forth above, and then only upon the terms specified therein and herein. In the event of a conflict between the terms of this Agreement and the terms of a
Placement Notice, the terms of the Placement Notice will control. 
 3. Sale of Placement Shares by Agent. Subject to the terms and
provisions of this Agreement, the Agent, for the period specified in the Placement Notice, will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal laws, rules and
regulations and the rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market (the “Exchange”), to sell the Placement Shares up to the amount specified, and otherwise in accordance with the terms of such Placement Notice. The Agent will provide
written confirmation to the Company no later than the opening of the Trading Day (as defined below) immediately following the Trading Day on which it has made sales of Placement Shares hereunder setting forth the number of Placement Shares sold on
such day, the compensation payable by the Company to the Agent pursuant to Section 2 with respect to such sales, and the Net Proceeds (as defined below) payable to the Company, with an itemization of the deductions made by the Agent (as set
forth in Section 5(b)) from the gross proceeds that it receives from such sales. Subject to the terms of the Placement Notice, the Agent may sell Placement Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at the market” offering
as defined in Rule 415 of the Securities Act Regulations, including without limitation sales made directly on the Exchange, on any other existing trading market for the Common Stock or to or through a market maker. Subject to the terms of a
Placement Notice, the Agent may also sell Placement Shares by any other method permitted by law, including but not limited to in privately negotiated transactions, subject to prior written consent by the Company. “Trading
Day” means any day on which Common Stock is traded on the Exchange. 
 4. Suspension of Sales. The Company or the Agent
may, upon notice to the other party in writing (including by email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party set forth on Schedule 3, if receipt of such correspondence is actually acknowledged by any of the individuals to whom the
notice is sent, other than via auto-reply) or by telephone (confirmed immediately by verifiable facsimile transmission or email correspondence to each of the individuals of the other party set forth on Schedule 3), suspend any sale of Placement
Shares (a “Suspension”); provided, however, that such Suspension shall not affect or impair any party’s obligations with respect to any Placement Shares sold hereunder prior to the receipt of such notice. While a
Suspension is in effect any obligation under Sections 7(l), 7(m), and 7(n) with respect to the delivery of certificates, opinions, or comfort letters to the Agent, shall be waived, provided, however, that such waiver shall not apply for the
Representation Date (defined below) occurring on the date that the Company files its annual report on Form 10-K. Each of the parties agrees that no such notice under this Section 4 shall be effective
against any other party unless it is made to and acknowledged by one of the individuals named on Schedule 3 hereto, as such Schedule may be amended from time to time. 

  
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 5. Sale and Delivery to the Agent; Settlement. 

(a) Sale of Placement Shares. On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and
conditions herein set forth, upon the Agent’s acceptance of the terms of a Placement Notice, and unless the sale of the Placement Shares described therein has been declined, suspended, or otherwise terminated in accordance with the terms of
this Agreement, the Agent, for the period specified in the Placement Notice, will use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable law and regulations to sell such Placement Shares up to
the amount specified, and otherwise in accordance with the terms of such Placement Notice. The Company acknowledges and agrees that (i) there can be no assurance that the Agent will be successful in selling Placement Shares, (ii) the Agent
will incur no liability or obligation to the Company or any other person or entity if it does not sell Placement Shares for any reason other than a failure by the Agent to use its commercially reasonable efforts consistent with its normal trading
and sales practices and applicable law and regulations to sell such Placement Shares as required under this Agreement and (iii) the Agent shall be under no obligation to purchase Placement Shares on a principal basis pursuant to this Agreement,
except as otherwise agreed by the Agent and the Company. 
 (b) Settlement of Placement Shares. Unless otherwise specified in
the applicable Placement Notice, settlement for sales of Placement Shares will occur on the third (3rd) Trading Day (or such earlier day as is industry practice for regular-way trading)
following the date on which such sales are made (each, a “Settlement Date”). The Agent shall notify the Company of each sale of Placement Shares on the date of such sale. The amount of proceeds to be delivered to the Company
on a Settlement Date against receipt of the Placement Shares sold (the “Net Proceeds”) will be equal to the aggregate sales price received by the Agent, after deduction for (i) the Agent’s commission, discount or
other compensation for such sales payable by the Company pursuant to Section 2 hereof, and (ii) any transaction fees imposed by any governmental or self-regulatory organization in respect of such sales. 

(c) Delivery of Placement Shares. On or before each Settlement Date, the Company will, or will cause its transfer agent to,
electronically transfer the Placement Shares being sold by crediting the Agent’s or its designee’s account (provided the Agent shall have given the Company written notice of such designee at least one (1) Trading Day prior to the
Settlement Date) at The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit and Withdrawal at Custodian System or by such other means of delivery as may be mutually agreed upon by the parties hereto which in all cases shall be freely tradable,
transferable, registered shares in good deliverable form. On each Settlement Date, the Agent will deliver the related Net Proceeds in same day funds to an account designated by the Company on, or prior to, the Settlement Date. The Company agrees
that if the Company, or its transfer agent (if applicable), defaults in its obligation to deliver Placement Shares on a Settlement Date through no fault of the Agent, the Company agrees that in addition to and in no way limiting the rights and
obligations set forth in Section 10(a) hereto, it will (i) hold the Agent harmless against any loss, claim, damage, or expense (including reasonable legal fees and expenses), as incurred, arising out of or in connection with such default
by the Company or its transfer agent (if applicable) and (ii) pay to the Agent any commission, discount, or other compensation to which it would otherwise have been entitled absent such default. 

  
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 (d) Denominations; Registration. Certificates for the Placement Shares, if any,
shall be in such denominations and registered in such names as the Agent may request in writing at least one (1) full Business Day before the Settlement Date. The certificates for the Placement Shares, if any, will be made available by the
Company for examination and packaging by the Agent in The City of New York not later than noon (New York time) on the Business Day prior to the Settlement Date. 

(e) Limitations on Offering Size. Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Placement
Shares if, after giving effect to the sale of such Placement Shares, the aggregate gross sales proceeds of Placement Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement would exceed the lesser of (A) together with all sales of Placement Shares under this
Agreement, the Maximum Amount, (B) the amount available for offer and sale under the currently effective Registration Statement and (C) the amount authorized from time to time to be issued and sold under this Agreement by the
Company’s board of directors, a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive committee, and notified to the Agent in writing. Under no circumstances shall the Company cause or request the offer or sale of any Placement
Shares pursuant to this Agreement at a price lower than the minimum price authorized from time to time by the Company’s board of directors, a duly authorized committee thereof or a duly authorized executive committee, and notified to the Agent
in writing. Further, under no circumstances shall the Company cause or permit the aggregate offering amount of Placement Shares sold pursuant to this Agreement to exceed the Maximum Amount. 

6. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to, and agrees with Agent that as of the date of
this Agreement and as of each Applicable Time (as defined below), unless such representation, warranty or agreement speaks as of a different time: 

(a) Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Company and, assuming no act or omission on the part of the Agent that would make such
statement untrue, the transactions contemplated by this Agreement meet the requirements for and comply with the applicable conditions for the use of Form S-3 under the Securities Act. The Registration Statement has been filed or will be filed with
the Commission and has been or will be declared effective by the Commission under the Securities Act prior to the issuance of any Placement Notices by the Company. The Prospectus will name the Agent as the agent in the section entitled “Plan of
Distribution.” The Company has not received, and has no notice of, any order of the Commission preventing or suspending the use of the Registration Statement, or threatening or instituting proceedings for that purpose. The Registration
Statement and the offer and sale of Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement hereby meet the requirements of Rule 415 under the Securities Act and comply in all material respects with said Rule. Any statutes, regulations, contracts or other
documents that are required to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement have been or will be so described or filed. Copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus,
and any amendments or supplements thereto and all Incorporated Documents that were filed with the Commission on or prior to the date of this Agreement have been delivered, or are available through EDGAR, to the Agent and its counsel. The Company has
not distributed and, prior to the later to occur of each Settlement Date and completion of the distribution of the Placement Shares, will not distribute any offering material in connection with the offering or sale of the Placement Shares other than


  
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the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (as defined below) to which the Agent has consented, any such consent not to be unreasonably withheld
conditioned or delayed. The Common Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act and is currently listed on the Exchange under the trading symbol “CYTK” The Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to
have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Common Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting the Common Stock from the Exchange, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission or the Exchange is contemplating
terminating such registration or listing. To the Company’s knowledge, it is in compliance with all applicable listing requirements of the Exchange. The Company has no reason to believe that it will not in the foreseeable future continue to be
in compliance with all such listing and maintenance requirements. 
 (b) No Misstatement or Omission. The Registration Statement,
when it becomes effective, will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus and any amendment and
supplement thereto, on the date thereof and at each Applicable Time (defined below), did not or will not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Incorporated Documents did not, and any further Incorporated Documents filed after the date of this Agreement will not, when filed with the Commission, contain an untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated in such document or necessary to make the statements in such document, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The foregoing shall not apply to
statements in, or omissions from, any such document made in reliance upon, and in conformity with, information furnished to the Company by Agent specifically for use in the preparation thereof. 

(c) Conformity with Securities Act and Exchange Act. The Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or
any amendment or supplement thereto, and the Incorporated Documents, when such documents were or are filed with the Commission under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act or became or become effective under the Securities Act, as the case may be,
conformed or will conform in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable. At each Settlement Date, the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as of such date, will conform in all material
respects with the requirements of the Securities Act. 
 (d) Financial Information. The financial statements of the Company included
or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, together with the related notes and schedules, comply in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act
and the Exchange Act and present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at the dates indicated and the statements of operations, statements of stockholders’ equity and statements of cash flows of the Company for
the periods specified (subject to normal year end audit adjustments for interim financial statements) and have been prepared in conformity with GAAP (as defined below) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved; the summary and
selected financial data with respect to the Company and the Subsidiaries (as defined below) included in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, fairly


  
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present in all material respects the information shown therein as at the respective dates and for the respective periods specified and are derived from the financial statements set forth in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus and other accounting records of the Company. No other schedules or financial statements are required to be included in the Registration Statement, or the Prospectus. The Company and the Subsidiaries (as
defined below) do not have any material liabilities or obligations, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), not described in the Registration Statement (excluding the exhibits thereto), and the Prospectus; and all
disclosures contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses, if any, regarding “non-GAAP financial measures” (as such term is defined by the rules and
regulations of the Commission) comply, in all material respects, with Regulation G of the Exchange Act and Item 10 of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act, to the extent applicable. 

(e) Conformity with EDGAR Filing. The Prospectus delivered to the Agent for use in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares
pursuant to this Agreement will be identical to the versions of the Prospectus created to be transmitted to the Commission for filing via EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T. 

(f) Organization. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries (as defined below) has been duly organized and is validly existing as a
corporation in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as currently being conducted and as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus,
and is duly qualified as a foreign corporation for the transaction of business and is in good standing under the laws of each other jurisdiction in which it owns or leases properties or conducts any business so as to require such qualification,
except where the failure to be so qualified in any such jurisdiction would not reasonably be expected to, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the assets, business, operations, financial condition, prospects,
stockholders’ equity or results of operations of the Company and the Subsidiaries (as defined below) taken as a whole, or prevent or materially interfere with the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby (a “Material
Adverse Effect”). 
 (g) Subsidiaries. The Company has no subsidiaries other than those set forth on Schedule 4
(collectively, the “Subsidiaries”). The Company does not own, directly or indirectly, any shares of stock or any other equity or long-term debt securities of any other corporation or have any equity interest in any other
corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, trust or other entity. 
 (h) No Violation or Default. Neither the Company nor
any of its Subsidiaries are in breach or violation of nor in default under (nor has any event occurred which, with notice, lapse of time or both, would result in any breach or violation of, constitute a default under or give the holder of any
indebtedness (or a person acting on such holder’s behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a part of such indebtedness under) (i) its charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents;
(ii) any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or by which any of its properties or assets may be bound or affected; or (iii) any law
or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except, in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for any such violation or default that would not,
individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be 

  
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expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. To the Company’s knowledge, no other party under any material contract or other agreement to which it or any of its Subsidiaries is a party is in
default in any respect thereunder where such default would have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (i) No Material Adverse Change.
Subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and the Free Writing Prospectuses, if any (including any Incorporated Document), there has not been (i) any Material Adverse
Effect or the occurrence of any development that the Company reasonably expects will result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) other than as contemplated by this Agreement, any transaction which is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries
taken as a whole, (iii) any obligation or liability, direct or contingent (including any off-balance sheet obligations), incurred by the Company or any Subsidiary, which is material to the Company and the Subsidiaries taken as a whole,
(iv) any material change in the capital stock (other than as a result of the sale of Placement Shares) or outstanding long-term indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (v) any dividend or distribution of any kind
declared, paid or made on the capital stock of the Company or any Subsidiary, other than in each case above in the ordinary course of business or as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement or Prospectus (including any document deemed
incorporated by reference therein). 
 (j) Capitalization. The issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company have
been validly issued, are fully paid and nonassessable and, other than as disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, are not subject to any preemptive rights, rights of first refusal or similar rights pursuant to the Company’s
charter, bylaws or any agreement or other instrument to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is bound. The Company has an authorized, issued and outstanding capitalization as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus
as of the dates referred to therein and such authorized capital stock conforms in all material respects to the description thereof set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. The description of the securities of the Company in the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus is complete and accurate in all material respects. Except as disclosed in or contemplated by the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as of the date referred to therein, there are no options, warrants,
agreements, commitments, contracts or other rights in existence to purchase or acquire from the Company whether through a conversion, exchange or otherwise any shares of the capital stock of the Company or other securities (other than as a result of
the grant of stock options under the Company’s existing equity incentive plans after the date(s) set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. 

(k) Authorization; Enforceability. The Company has full legal right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to perform
the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and constitutes a legal, valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as rights to
indemnification or contribution hereunder may be limited by federal or state securities laws and except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights
generally and by general equitable principles. 
 (l) Authorization of Placement Shares. The Placement Shares, when issued and
delivered pursuant to the terms approved by the board of directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee thereof, or a duly authorized executive committee, against payment 

  
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therefor as provided herein, will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free and clear of any pledge, lien, encumbrance, security interest or other claim (other
than any pledge, lien, encumbrance, security interest or other claim arising from an act or omission of the Agent or a purchaser), including any statutory or contractual preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal or other similar
rights, and will be registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act. The Placement Shares, when issued, will conform in all material respects to the description of the Placement Shares contained in the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus under the caption “Description of Capital Stock”. 
 (m) No Consents Required. No consent, approval,
authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority is required for the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement or the issuance and sale by the
Company of the Placement Shares, except for (i) the registration of the Placement Shares under the Securities Act; and (ii) such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders and registrations or qualifications as may be required under
applicable state securities laws or by the by-laws and rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) or the Exchange in connection with the sale of the Placement Shares by the Agent. 

(n) No Preferential Rights. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, (i) no person, as such term is
defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X promulgated under the Securities Act (each, a “Person”), has the right, contractual or otherwise, to cause
the Company to issue or sell to such Person any Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock or other securities of the Company, (ii) no Person has any preemptive rights, resale rights, rights of first refusal, rights of co-sale or any
other rights (whether pursuant to a “poison pill” provision or otherwise) to purchase any Common Stock or shares of any other capital stock or other securities of the Company, (iii) no Person has the right to act as an underwriter or
as a financial advisor to the Company in connection with the offer and sale of the Placement Shares, and (iv) no Person has the right, contractual or otherwise, to require the Company to register under the Securities Act any Common Stock or
shares of any other capital stock or other securities of the Company, or to include any such shares or other securities in the Registration Statement or the offering contemplated thereby, whether as a result of the filing or effectiveness of the
Registration Statement or the sale of the Placement Shares as contemplated thereby or otherwise. 
 (o) Independent Public Accounting
Firm. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (the “Accountant”), whose report on the financial statements of the Company is filed with the Commission as part of the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the
Commission and incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, are and, during the periods covered by their report, were an independent registered public accounting firm within the meaning of the Securities Act and the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). To the Company’s knowledge the Accountant is not in violation of the auditor independence requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley
Act”) with respect to the Company. 
 (p) Enforceability of Agreements. All agreements between the Company and third
parties expressly referenced in the Prospectus, other than such agreements that have expired by their terms or the termination of which is disclosed in documents filed by the Company on EDGAR, are legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company
enforceable in accordance with 

  
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their respective terms, except to the extent that (i) enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights
generally and by general equitable principles and (ii) the indemnification provisions of certain agreements may be limited by federal or state securities laws or public policy considerations in respect thereof, except for any unenforceability
that, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (q) No Litigation. Except as set forth in the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus, there are no legal, governmental or regulatory actions, suits or proceedings pending, nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any legal, governmental or regulatory audits or investigations, to which the
Company or a Subsidiary is a party or to which any property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is the subject that, individually or in the aggregate, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, would have a Material
Adverse Effect or materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement; to the Company’s knowledge, no such actions, suits or proceedings are threatened or contemplated by any governmental
or regulatory authority or threatened by others that, individually or in the aggregate, would have a Material Adverse Effect or materially and adversely affect the ability of the Company to perform its obligations under this Agreement; and
(i) there are no current or pending legal, governmental or regulatory audits or investigations, actions, suits or proceedings that are required under the Securities Act to be described in the Prospectus that are not so described; and
(ii) there are no contracts or other documents that are required under the Securities Act to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement that are not so filed. 

(r) Consents and Permits. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries have
made all filings, applications and submissions required by, possesses and is operating in compliance with, all approvals, licenses, certificates, certifications, clearances, consents, grants, exemptions, marks, notifications, orders, permits and
other authorizations issued by, the appropriate federal, state or foreign governmental or regulatory authorities (including, without limitation, the United States Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”), the United States
Drug Enforcement Administration or any other foreign, federal, state, provincial, court or local government or regulatory authorities including self-regulatory organizations engaged in the regulation of clinical trials, pharmaceuticals, biologics or
biohazardous substances or materials) necessary for the ownership or lease of their respective properties or to conduct its businesses as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (collectively, “Permits”),
except for such Permits the failure of which to possess, obtain or make the same would not have a Material Adverse Effect; the Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms and conditions of all such Permits, except where the failure
to be in compliance would not have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the Permits are valid and in full force and effect, except where any invalidity, individually or in the aggregate, would not be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse
Effect; and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries has received any written notice of proceedings relating to the limitation, revocation, cancellation, suspension, modification or non-renewal of any such Permit which, individually or in the
aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect, or has any reason to believe that any such license, certificate, permit or authorization will not be renewed in
the ordinary course to the extent required. To the extent required by applicable laws and regulations of the FDA, the Company or the applicable Subsidiary has submitted to the FDA an 

  
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Investigational New Drug Application or amendment or supplement thereto for each clinical trial it has conducted or sponsored or is conducting or sponsoring; all such submissions were in material
compliance with applicable laws and rules and regulations when submitted and no material deficiencies have been asserted by the FDA with respect to any such submissions. 

(s) Regulatory Filings. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries has failed to file with the applicable regulatory authorities (including, without limitation, the FDA, or any foreign, federal, state, provincial or local governmental or regulatory authority performing functions similar to those
performed by the FDA) any required filing, declaration, listing, registration, report or submission, except for such failures that, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect; except as disclosed in the Registration
Statement and the Prospectus, all such filings, declarations, listings, registrations, reports or submissions were in compliance with applicable laws when filed and no deficiencies have been asserted by any applicable regulatory authority with
respect to any such filings, declarations, listings, registrations, reports or submissions, except for any deficiencies that, individually or in the aggregate, would not have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has operated and currently is, in
all material respects, in compliance with the United States Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, all applicable rules and regulations of the FDA and other federal, state, local and foreign governmental bodies exercising comparable authority. 

(t) Intellectual Property. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries own,
possess, license or have other rights to use all foreign and domestic patents, patent applications, trade and service marks, trade and service mark registrations, trade names, copyrights, licenses, inventions, trade secrets, technology, Internet
domain names, know-how and other intellectual property (collectively, the “Intellectual Property”), necessary for the conduct of their respective businesses as now conducted except to the extent that the failure to own,
possess, license or otherwise hold adequate rights to use such Intellectual Property would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (i) there are
no rights of third parties to any such Intellectual Property owned by the Company and its Subsidiaries; (ii) to the Company’s knowledge, there is no infringement by third parties of any such Intellectual Property; (iii) there is no
pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the Company’s and its Subsidiaries’ rights in or to any such Intellectual Property, and the Company is unaware of any facts
which could form a reasonable basis for any such action, suit, proceeding or claim; (iv) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others challenging the validity or scope of any
such Intellectual Property; (v) there is no pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened action, suit, proceeding or claim by others that the Company and its Subsidiaries infringe or otherwise violate any patent, trademark,
copyright, trade secret or other proprietary rights of others; (vi) to the Company’s knowledge, there is no third-party U.S. patent or published U.S. patent application which contains claims for which an Interference Proceeding (as defined
in 35 U.S.C. § 135) has been commenced against any patent or patent application described in the Prospectus as being owned by or licensed to the Company; and (vii) the Company and its Subsidiaries have complied with the terms of each
agreement pursuant to which Intellectual Property has been licensed to the Company or such Subsidiary, and all such agreements are in full force and effect, except, in the case of any of 

  
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clauses (i)-(vii) above, for any such infringement by third parties or any such pending or threatened suit, action, proceeding or claim as would not, individually or in the aggregate,
reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, and except, in the case of clause (vii) above, for any non-compliance as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

 (u) Clinical Studies. To the Company’s knowledge, the preclinical studies and tests and clinical trials conducted or
sponsored by the Company and described in the Prospectus were, and, if still pending, are being, conducted in all material respects in accordance with the experimental protocols, procedures and controls pursuant to, where applicable, accepted
professional and scientific standards for products or product candidates comparable to those being developed by the Company; the descriptions of such studies, tests and trials, and the results thereof, contained in the Prospectus are accurate and
complete in all material respects; the Company is not aware of any tests, studies or trials not described in the Prospectus, the results of which reasonably call into question the results of the tests, studies and trials described in the Prospectus;
and the Company has not received any written notice or correspondence from the FDA or any foreign, state or local governmental body exercising comparable authority or any institutional review board or comparable authority requiring the termination,
suspension, clinical hold or material modification of any tests, studies or trials. 
 (v) Market Capitalization. At the time the
Registration Statement is declared effective, and at the time the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K was filed with the Commission, the Company met the then applicable requirements for the use of Form S-3 under the Securities
Act, including but not limited to Instruction I.B.1 of Form S-3. The aggregate market value of the outstanding voting and non-voting common equity (as defined in Securities Act Rule 405) of the Company held by persons other than affiliates of
the Company (as defined in Securities Act Rule 405, those that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, control, or are controlled by, or are under common control with, the Company) (the “Non-Affiliate
Shares”), was equal to or greater than $75 million (calculated by multiplying (x) the highest price at which the common equity of the Company was last sold on the Exchange within 60 days of the date of the filing of the
Registration Statement times (y) the number of Non-Affiliate Shares). The Company is not a shell company (as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) and has not been a shell company for at least 12 calendar months previously and if it has
been a shell company at any time previously, has filed current Form 10 information (as defined in Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3) with the Commission at least 12 calendar months previously reflecting its status as an entity that is not a shell
company. 
 (w) No Material Defaults. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has defaulted on any
installment on indebtedness for borrowed money or on any rental on one or more long-term leases, which defaults, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has not filed a report
pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act since the filing of its last Annual Report on Form 10-K, indicating that it (i) has failed to pay any dividend or sinking fund installment on
preferred stock or (ii) has defaulted on any installment on indebtedness for borrowed money or on any rental on one or more long-term leases, which defaults, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect. 

  
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 (x) Certain Market Activities. Neither the Company, nor any of the Subsidiaries, nor any
of their respective directors, officers or controlling persons has taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed, or that has constituted or might reasonably be expected to cause or result in, under the Exchange Act or otherwise, the
stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Placement Shares. 
 (y)
Broker/Dealer Relationships. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries or any related entities (i) is required to register as a “broker” or “dealer” in accordance with the provisions of the Exchange Act or
(ii) directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is a “person associated with a member” or “associated person of a member” (within the meaning set forth in the FINRA Manual). 

(z) No Reliance. The Company has not relied upon the Agent or legal counsel for the Agent for any legal, tax or accounting advice in
connection with the offering and sale of the Placement Shares. 
 (aa) Taxes. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have filed all
federal, state, local and foreign income and franchise tax returns and other material tax returns which have been required to be filed by the Company or a Subsidiary, or have properly requested extensions thereof, and paid all taxes shown thereon
through the date hereof, to the extent that such taxes have become due and are not being contested in good faith, except where the failure to so file or pay would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as otherwise
disclosed in or contemplated by the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the
aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any federal, state or other governmental tax deficiency, penalty or assessment which has been or might be asserted against it which would not reasonably be expected to have a
Material Adverse Effect. 
 (bb) Title to Real and Personal Property. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement or the
Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real property owned by them, good and valid title to all tangible personal property described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as being owned by them
that are material to the businesses of the Company or such Subsidiary, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and claims, except those that (i) do not materially interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such
property by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries or (ii) would not reasonably be expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. Any real or tangible personal property described in the Registration Statement or
Prospectus as being leased by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries is held by them under valid, existing and enforceable leases, except those that (A) do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such property by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (B) would not be reasonably expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a Material Adverse Effect. Each of the properties of the Company and its Subsidiaries complies with all applicable codes,
laws and regulations (including, without limitation, building and zoning codes, laws and regulations and laws relating to access to such properties), except if and to the extent disclosed in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or except for
such failures to comply that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to interfere in any material respect with 

  
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the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its Subsidiaries or otherwise be reasonably expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company or its
subsidiaries has received from any governmental or regulatory authorities any notice of any condemnation of, or zoning change affecting, the properties of the Company and its Subsidiaries, and the Company knows of no such condemnation or zoning
change which is threatened, except for such that would not reasonably be expected to interfere in any material respect with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and its Subsidiaries or otherwise have a Material
Adverse Effect, individually or in the aggregate. 
 (cc) Environmental Laws. Except as set forth in the Registration Statement or
the Prospectus, the Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with any and all applicable federal, state, local and foreign laws, rules, regulations, decisions and orders relating to the protection of human health and safety, the
environment or hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (collectively, “Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received and are in compliance with all permits, licenses or other approvals required of
them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; and (iii) have not received notice of any actual or potential liability for the investigation or
remediation of any disposal or release of hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants, except, in the case of any of clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) above, for any such failure to comply or failure to receive required
permits, licenses, other approvals or liability as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

(dd) Disclosure Controls. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries maintain systems of internal accounting controls designed to provide
reasonable assurance that (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and to maintain asset accountability; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; and (iv) the
recorded accountability for assets is compared with the existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective and the
Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting (other than as set forth in the Prospectus). Since the date of the latest audited financial statements of the Company included in the Prospectus, there
has been no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (other than as set forth in
the Prospectus). The Company has established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15) for the Company and designed such
disclosure controls and procedures to provide reasonable assurance that material information relating to the Company and each of its Subsidiaries is made known to the certifying officers by others within those entities, including during the period
in which the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as the case may be, is being prepared. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the
Company’s controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of the Form 10-K for the fiscal year most recently ended (such date, the “Evaluation Date”).
The Company presented in its Form 10-K for the fiscal year most recently ended the conclusions of the certifying officers about the 

  
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effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date and the disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Since the Evaluation Date,
there have been no significant changes in the Company’s internal controls (as such term is defined in Item 307(b) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act) or, to the Company’s knowledge, in
other factors that could significantly affect the Company’s internal controls. 
 (ee) Sarbanes-Oxley. There is and has been no
failure on the part of the Company or any of the Company’s directors or officers, in their capacities as such, to comply in all material respects with any applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder. Each of the principal executive officer and the principal financial officer of the Company (or each former principal executive officer of the Company and each former principal financial officer of the Company as applicable) has made all
certifications required by Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act with respect to all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it or furnished by it to the Commission. For purposes of the preceding
sentence, “principal executive officer” and “principal financial officer” shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. 

(ff) Finder’s Fees. Neither the Company nor any of the Subsidiaries has incurred any liability for any finder’s fees,
brokerage commissions or similar payments in connection with the transactions herein contemplated, except as may otherwise exist with respect to Agent pursuant to this Agreement. 

(gg) Labor Disputes. No labor disturbance by or dispute with employees of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries exists or, to the
knowledge of the Company, is threatened which would result in a Material Adverse Effect. 
 (hh) Investment Company Act. Neither the
Company nor any of the Subsidiaries is or, after giving effect to the offering and sale of the Placement Shares, will be an “investment company” or an entity “controlled” by an “investment company,” as such terms are
defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). 
 (ii) Operations.
The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended,
the money laundering statutes of all jurisdictions to which the Company or its Subsidiaries are subject, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any
governmental agency having jurisdiction over the Company (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), except as would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; and no action, suit or proceeding by or before any court or
governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened. 

(jj) Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. There are no transactions, arrangements and other relationships between and/or among the Company,
and/or, to the knowledge of the Company, any of its affiliates and any unconsolidated entity, including, but not 

  
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limited to, any structural finance, special purpose or limited purpose entity (each, an “Off Balance Sheet Transaction”) that would reasonably be expected to affect
materially the Company’s liquidity or the availability of or requirements for its capital resources, including those Off Balance Sheet Transactions described in the Commission’s Statement about Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Conditions and Results of Operations (Release Nos. 33-8056; 34-45321; FR-61), required to be described in the
Prospectus which have not been described as required. 
 (kk) Underwriter Agreements. The Company is not a party to any agreement
with an agent or underwriter for any other “at-the-market” or continuous equity transaction. 
 (ll) ERISA. To the
knowledge of the Company, (i) each material employee benefit plan, within the meaning of Section 3(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), that is maintained, administered or
contributed to by the Company or any of its affiliates for employees or former employees of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries has been maintained in material compliance with its terms and the requirements of any applicable statutes, orders,
rules and regulations, including but not limited to ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) (except to the extent where any non-compliance would not result in material liability to the company) ;
(ii) during the last six plan years, no prohibited transaction, within the meaning of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, has occurred which would result in a material liability to the Company with respect to any such
plan excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administrative exemption; and (iii) for each such plan that is subject to the funding rules of Section 412 of the Code or Section 302 of ERISA, no “accumulated
funding deficiency” as defined in Section 412 of the Code has been incurred, whether or not waived, and the fair market value of the assets of each such plan (excluding for these purposes accrued but unpaid contributions) exceeds the
present value of all benefits accrued under such plan determined using reasonable actuarial assumptions. 
 (mm) Forward Looking
Statements. No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) (a “Forward Looking Statement”) contained in the Registration Statement and
the Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith. 
 (nn) Agent
Purchases. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Agent has informed the Company that the Agent may, to the extent permitted under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, purchase and sell Common Stock for its own account while this
Agreement is in effect, provided, that (i) no such purchase or sales shall take place while a Placement Notice is in effect (except to the extent each Agent may engage in sales of Placement Shares purchased or deemed purchased from the Company
as a “riskless principal” or in a similar capacity) and (ii) the Company shall not be deemed to have authorized or consented to any such purchases or sales by the Agent. 

(oo) Margin Rules. Neither the issuance, sale and delivery of the Placement Shares nor the application of the proceeds thereof by the
Company as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus will violate Regulation T, U or X of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System or any other regulation of such Board of Governors. 

  
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 (pp) Insurance. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries carry, or are covered by,
insurance in such amounts and covering such risks as the Company and each of its Subsidiaries reasonably believe are adequate for the conduct of their properties and as is customary for companies engaged in similar businesses in similar industries.

 (qq) No Improper Practices. (i) Neither the Company nor, to the Company’s knowledge, the Subsidiaries, nor to the
Company’s knowledge, any of their respective executive officers has, in the past five years, made any unlawful contributions to any candidate for any political office (or failed fully to disclose any contribution in violation of law) or made
any contribution or other payment to any official of, or candidate for, any federal, state, municipal, or foreign office or other person charged with similar public or quasi-public duty in violation of any law or of the character required to be
disclosed in the Prospectus; (ii) no relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Subsidiary or any affiliate of any of them, on the one hand, and the directors, officers and
stockholders of the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Subsidiary, on the other hand, that is required by the Securities Act to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that is not so described; (iii) no
relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or any Subsidiary or any affiliate of them, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, or stockholders of the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Subsidiary, on
the other hand, that is required by the rules of FINRA to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that is not so described; (iv) except as described in the Prospectus, there are no material outstanding loans or advances or
material guarantees of indebtedness by the Company or, to the Company’s knowledge, any Subsidiary to or for the benefit of any of their respective officers or directors or any of the members of the families of any of them; (v) the Company
has not offered, or caused any placement agent to offer, Common Stock to any person with the intent to influence unlawfully (A) a customer or supplier of the Company or any Subsidiary to alter the customer’s or supplier’s level or
type of business with the Company or any Subsidiary or (B) a trade journalist or publication to write or publish favorable information about the Company or any Subsidiary or any of their respective products or services, and (vi) neither
the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company’s knowledge, any employee or agent of the Company or any Subsidiary has made any payment of funds of the Company or any Subsidiary or received or retained any funds in violation of any law,
rule or regulation (including, without limitation, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977), which payment, receipt or retention of funds is of a character required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus. 

(rr) Status Under the Securities Act. The Company was not and is not an ineligible issuer as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities
Act at the times specified in Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act in connection with the offering of the Placement Shares. 
 (ss)
No Misstatement or Omission in an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus. Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, as of its issue date and as of each Applicable Time (as defined in Section 24 below), did not, does not and will not, through
the completion of the Placement for which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus is used or deemed used, include any information that conflicted, conflicts or will conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus,
including any Incorporated Document that has not been superseded or modified. The foregoing sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus based upon and in conformity with written information furnished
to the Company by the Agent specifically for use therein. 

  
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 (tt) No Conflicts. Neither the execution of this Agreement by the Company, nor the
issuance, offering or sale of the Placement Shares, nor the consummation by the Company of any of the transactions contemplated herein, nor the compliance by the Company with the terms and provisions hereof will conflict with, or will result in a
breach of, any of the terms and provisions of, or has constituted or will constitute a default under, or has resulted in or will result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company
pursuant to the terms of any contract or other agreement to which the Company may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Company is subject, except (i) such conflicts, breaches or defaults as may have been waived and
(ii) such conflicts, breaches and defaults that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect; nor will such action result (x) in any violation of the provisions of the organizational or governing documents of the
Company, or (y) in any material violation of the provisions of any statute or any order, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or of any court or of any federal, state or other regulatory authority or other government body having
jurisdiction over the Company, other than, with respect to clause (y) only, any violation that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. 

(uu) Sanctions. (i) The Company represents that, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries (collectively, the
“Entity”) or, to the Entity’s knowledge, any director, officer, employee, agent, affiliate or representative of the Entity, is a government, individual, or entity (in this paragraph (uu),
“Person”) that is, or is owned or controlled by a Person that is: 
 (A) the subject of any
applicable sanctions administered or enforced by the U.S. Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, the United Nations Security Council, the European Union, Her Majesty’s Treasury, or other relevant sanctions authority
(collectively, “Sanctions”), nor 
 (B) located, organized or resident in a country or territory
that is the subject of Sanctions administered by the U.S. Department of Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control or other relevant sanctions authority (including, without limitation, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan and Syria). 

(ii) The Entity represents and covenants that it will not, directly or indirectly, use the proceeds of the offering, or
lend, contribute or otherwise make available such proceeds to any subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person: 

(A) to fund or facilitate any activities or business of or with any Person or in any country or territory in violation of
any applicable Sanctions; or 
 (B) in any other manner that will result in a violation of Sanctions by any Person
(including any Person participating in the offering, whether as underwriter, advisor, investor or otherwise). 

(iii) The Entity represents and covenants that, except as detailed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, for
the past five (5) years, it has not knowingly 

  
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engaged in, is not now knowingly engaged in, and will not engage in, any dealings or transactions with any Person, or in any country or territory, that at the time of the dealing or transaction
is or was the subject of Sanctions. 
 (vv) Stock Transfer Taxes. On each Settlement Date, all stock transfer or other taxes (other
than income taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the sale and transfer of the Placement Shares to be sold hereunder will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company and all laws imposing such taxes will be or
will have been fully complied with. 
 (ww) Compliance with Laws. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries: (A) is and at all
times has been in compliance in all material respects with all statutes, rules, or regulations applicable to the ownership, testing, development, manufacture, packaging, processing, use, distribution, marketing, labeling, promotion, sale, offer for
sale, storage, import, export or disposal of any product manufactured or distributed by the Company or its Subsidiaries (“Applicable Laws”), except as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to
result in a Material Adverse Effect; (B) has not received any FDA Form 483, notice of adverse finding, warning letter, untitled letter or other correspondence or notice from the FDA or any other governmental authority alleging or asserting
noncompliance with any Applicable Laws or any licenses, certificates, approvals, clearances, authorizations, permits and supplements or amendments thereto required by any such Applicable Laws (“Authorizations”);
(C) possesses all material Authorizations and such Authorizations are valid and in full force and effect and are not in material violation of any term of any such Authorizations; (D) has not received notice of any claim, action, suit,
proceeding, hearing, enforcement, investigation, arbitration or other action from any governmental authority or third party alleging that any product operation or activity is in violation of any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and has no knowledge
that any such governmental authority or third party is considering any such claim, litigation, arbitration, action, suit, investigation or proceeding; (E) has not received notice that any governmental authority has taken, is taking or intends
to take action to limit, suspend, modify or revoke any Authorizations and has no knowledge that any such governmental authority is considering such action; (F) has filed, obtained, maintained or submitted all material reports, documents, forms,
notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements or amendments as required by any Applicable Laws or Authorizations and that all such reports, documents, forms, notices, applications, records, claims, submissions and supplements
or amendments were complete and correct on the date filed (or were corrected or supplemented by a subsequent submission), except as could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect; and
(G) has not, either voluntarily or involuntarily, initiated, conducted, or issued or caused to be initiated, conducted or issued, any recall, market withdrawal or replacement, safety alert, post-sale warning, “dear doctor” letter, or
other notice or action relating to the alleged lack of safety or efficacy of any product or any alleged product defect or violation and, to the Company’s knowledge, no third party has initiated, conducted or intends to initiate any such notice
or action. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any of their respective employees, officers, directors and agents, nor any of their respective
business operations, is in violation of any applicable Health Care Laws, except where the failure to be in compliance would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. For purposes of this
Agreement, “Health Care Laws” means: (i) the 

  
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Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder, including the U.S. Prescription Drug Marketing Act of 1987, as amended, and the regulations promulgated
thereunder; (ii) all federal, state, local and all foreign health care related fraud and abuse laws, including, without limitation, the U.S. Anti-Kickback Statute (42 U.S.C. Section 1320a-7b(b)), the U.S. Civil False Claims Act (31 U.S.C.
Section 3729 et seq.), Sections 1320a-7 and 1320a-7a of Title 42 of the United States Code and the regulations promulgated pursuant to such statutes; (iii) any criminal laws relating to health care fraud and abuse, including but not
limited to 18 U.S.C. Sections 286 and 287, and the health care fraud criminal provisions under the U.S. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”); (iv) the Standards for Privacy of
Individually Identifiable Health Information, the Security Standards, the Standards for Electronic Transactions and Code Sets promulgated under HIPAA (42 U.S.C. Section 1320d et seq.), the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical
Health Act (42 U.S.C. Section 17921 et seq.), and the regulations promulgated thereunder and any state or non-U.S. counterpart thereof or other law or regulation the purpose of which is to protect the privacy of individuals or prescribers;
(iv) the U.S. Controlled Substances Act; (v) any laws or regulations that govern participation in or coverage or reimbursement from any U.S. or state health care program, including but not limited to the federal TRICARE statute (10 U.S.C.
§1071 et seq.), the Veterans Administration drug pricing program (38 U.S.C. Section 8126), and any regulations promulgated thereunder; (vi) quality, safety and accreditation standards and requirements of any applicable federal, state,
local or foreign laws or regulatory bodies; and (vii) any and all other applicable health care laws and regulations in any jurisdiction, as well as contractual agreements mandated by such laws. Additionally, neither the Company nor any of its
Subsidiaries, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, any of their respective employees, officers, directors, agents or contractors has been excluded, suspended or debarred from participation in any federal health care program or, to the knowledge of
Company and its Subsidiaries, is subject to an inquiry, investigation, proceeding, or other similar matter that could subject the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or any of their respective employees, officers, directors, agents or contractors to
exclusion, suspension or debarment. 
 Any certificate signed by an officer of the Company and delivered to the Agent or to counsel for the
Agent pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty by the Company, as applicable, to the Agent as to the matters set forth therein. 

7. Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants and agrees with Agent that: 

(a) Registration Statement Amendments. After the date of this Agreement and during any period in which a Prospectus relating to any
Placement Shares is required to be delivered by Agent under the Securities Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act), (i) the Company will notify the Agent promptly of
the time when any subsequent amendment to the Registration Statement, other than documents incorporated by reference, has been filed with the Commission and/or has become effective or any subsequent supplement to the Prospectus has been filed and of
any request by the Commission for any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus or for additional information, (ii) the Company will prepare and file with the Commission, promptly upon the Agent’s request, any
amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that, in such Agent’s reasonable opinion, may be necessary 

  
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or advisable in connection with the distribution of the Placement Shares by the Agent (provided, however, that the failure of the Agent to make such request shall not relieve the Company of any
obligation or liability hereunder, or affect the Agent’s right to rely on the representations and warranties made by the Company in this Agreement and provided, further, that the only remedy the Agent shall have with respect to the failure to
make such filing shall be to cease making sales under this Agreement until such amendment or supplement is filed); (iii) the Company will not file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or Prospectus relating to the Placement
Shares or a security convertible into the Placement Shares unless a copy thereof has been submitted to Agent within a reasonable period of time before the filing and the Agent has not reasonably objected in writing thereto within two
(2) Business Days (provided, however, that the failure of the Agent to make such objection shall not relieve the Company of any obligation or liability hereunder, or affect the Agent’s right to rely on the representations and warranties
made by the Company in this Agreement and the Company has no obligation to provide the Agent any advance copy of such filing or to provide the Agent any opportunity to object to such filing if such filing does not name the Agent and does not relate
to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and provided, further, that the only remedy Agent shall have with respect to the failure by the Company to seek such consent shall be to cease making sales under this Agreement) and the Company
will furnish to the Agent at the time of filing thereof a copy of any document that upon filing is deemed to be incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement or Prospectus, except for those documents available via EDGAR; and
(iv) the Company will cause each amendment or supplement to the Prospectus to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) of the Securities Act or, in the case of any document to be incorporated
therein by reference, to be filed with the Commission as required pursuant to the Exchange Act, within the time period prescribed (the determination to file or not file any amendment or supplement with the Commission under this Section 7(a),
based on the Company’s reasonable opinion or reasonable objections, shall be made exclusively by the Company). 
 (b) Notice of
Commission Stop Orders. The Company will advise the Agent, promptly after it receives notice or obtains knowledge thereof, of the issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the
Registration Statement, of the suspension of the qualification of the Placement Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose; and it will promptly use its commercially
reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any stop order or to obtain its withdrawal if such a stop order should be issued. The Company will advise the Agent promptly after it receives any request by the Commission for any amendments to the
Registration Statement or any amendment or supplements to the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or for additional information related to the offering of the Placement Shares or for additional information related to the Registration
Statement, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus. 
 (c) Delivery of Prospectus; Subsequent Changes. During any period
in which a Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares is required to be delivered by the Agent under the Securities Act with respect to the offer and sale of the Placement Shares, (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied
pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act), the Company will comply in all material respects with all requirements imposed upon it by the Securities Act, as from time to time in force, and to file on or before their


  
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respective due dates all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, 15(d) or any
other provision of or under the Exchange Act. If the Company has omitted any information from the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 430B under the Securities Act, it will use its best efforts to comply with the provisions of and make all
requisite filings with the Commission pursuant to said Rule 430B and to notify the Agent promptly of all such filings. If during such period any event occurs as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue
statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances then existing, not misleading, or if during such period it is necessary to amend or supplement the Registration
Statement or Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act, the Company will promptly notify Agent to suspend the offering of Placement Shares during such period and the Company will promptly amend or supplement the Registration Statement or
Prospectus (at the expense of the Company) so as to correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance; provided, however, that the Company may delay any such amendment or supplement if, in the reasonable judgment of the Company, it is in
the best interests of the Company to do so. 
 (d) Listing of Placement Shares. During any period in which the Prospectus relating to
the Placement Shares is required to be delivered by the Agent under the Securities Act with respect to the offer and sale of the Placement Shares, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Placement Shares to be listed on the
Exchange. 
 (e) Delivery of Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Company will furnish to the Agent and its counsel (at the
expense of the Company) copies of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus (including all Incorporated Documents) and all amendments and supplements to the Registration Statement or Prospectus that are filed with the Commission during any period
in which a Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares is required to be delivered under the Securities Act (including all Incorporated Documents filed with the Commission during such period), in each case as soon as reasonably practicable and in
such quantities as the Agent may from time to time reasonably request and, at the Agent’s request, will also furnish copies of the Prospectus to each exchange or market on which sales of the Placement Shares may be made; provided, however, that
the Company shall not be required to furnish any document (other than the Prospectus) to the Agent to the extent such document is available on EDGAR. 

(f) Earnings Statement. The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable, but in any event not
later than 15 months after the end of the Company’s current fiscal quarter, an earnings statement covering a 12-month period that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) and Rule 158 of the Securities Act. 

(g) Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the Net Proceeds as described in the Prospectus in the section entitled “Use of
Proceeds.” 
 (h) Notice of Other Sales. Without the prior written consent of Agent, the Company will not, directly or
indirectly, offer to sell, sell, contract to sell, grant any option to sell or otherwise dispose of any Common Stock (other than the Placement Shares offered pursuant to this Agreement) or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common
Stock, warrants or any rights to purchase or acquire, Common Stock during the period beginning on the 

  
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fifth (5th) Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which any Placement Notice is delivered to Agent hereunder and ending on the fifth (5th) Trading Day immediately following the
final Settlement Date with respect to Placement Shares sold pursuant to such Placement Notice (or, if the Placement Notice has been terminated or suspended prior to the sale of all Placement Shares covered by a Placement Notice, the date of such
suspension or termination); and will not directly or indirectly in any other “at-the-market” or continuous equity transaction offer to sell, sell, contract to sell, grant any option to sell or otherwise dispose of any Common Stock (other
than the Placement Shares offered pursuant to this Agreement) or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Stock, warrants or any rights to purchase or acquire, Common Stock prior to the later of the termination of this Agreement and
the sixtieth (60th) day immediately following the final Settlement Date with respect to Placement Shares sold pursuant to such Placement Notice; provided, however, that such restrictions will not apply in connection with the Company’s
issuance or sale of (i) Common Stock, options to purchase Common Stock or restricted stock units or stock awards or Common Stock issuable upon the exercise or vesting of options or other equity awards, pursuant to any employee, consultant or
director stock option or benefits plan, stock ownership plan or dividend reinvestment plan (but not Common Stock subject to a waiver to exceed plan limits in its dividend reinvestment plan) of the Company whether now in effect or hereafter
implemented, (ii) Common Stock issuable upon conversion of securities or the exercise or vesting of warrants, options or other rights in effect or outstanding, and disclosed in filings by the Company available on EDGAR or otherwise in writing
to the Agent and (iii) Common Stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock as consideration for mergers, acquisitions, other business combinations or strategic alliances, or offered and sold in privately
negotiated transactions with vendors, customers, investors, strategic partners or potential strategic partners, occurring after the date of this Agreement which are not issued for capital raising purposes and conducted in a manner so as not to be
integrated with the offering of Placement Shares hereby. 
 (i) Change of Circumstances. The Company will, at any time during the
pendency of a Placement Notice, advise the Agent promptly after it shall have received notice or obtained knowledge thereof, of any information or fact that would alter or affect in any material respect any opinion, certificate, letter or other
document required to be provided to the Agent pursuant to this Agreement. 
 (j) Due Diligence Cooperation. The Company will
cooperate with any reasonable due diligence review conducted by the Agent or its representatives in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, providing information and making available documents and senior
corporate officers, during regular business hours and at the Company’s principal offices, as the Agent may reasonably request. 
 (k)
Required Filings Relating to Placement of Placement Shares. To the extent that the filing of a prospectus supplement with the Commission with respect to a placement of Placement Shares becomes required under Rule 424(b) under the Securities
Act, the Company agrees that on such dates as the Securities Act shall require, the Company will (i) file a prospectus supplement with the Commission under the applicable paragraph of Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act (each and every filing
date under Rule 424(b), a “Filing Date”), which prospectus supplement will set forth, within the relevant period, the amount of Placement Shares sold through the Agent, the Net Proceeds to the Company and the compensation payable


  
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by the Company to the Agent with respect to such Placement Shares, and (ii) deliver such number of copies of each such prospectus supplement to each exchange or market on which such sales
were effected as may be required by the rules or regulations of such exchange or market. 
 (l) Representation Dates; Certificates.
(1) On or prior to the date of the first Placement Notice and (2) following delivery of the first Placement Notice each time during the term of this Agreement that the Company: 

(i) amends or supplements (other than a prospectus supplement relating solely to an offering of securities other than the Placement Shares) the
Registration Statement or the Prospectus relating to the Placement Shares by means of a post-effective amendment, sticker, or supplement but not by means of incorporation of documents by reference into the Registration Statement or the Prospectus
relating to the Placement Shares; 
 (ii) files an annual report on Form 10-K under the Exchange Act (including any Form 10-K/A containing
restated financial statements or a material amendment to the previously filed Form 10-K); 
 (iii) files its quarterly reports on Form 10-Q
under the Exchange Act; or 
 (iv) files a current report on Form 8-K containing amended financial information (other than information
“furnished” pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or to provide disclosure pursuant to Item 8.01 of Form 8-K relating to the reclassification of certain properties as discontinued operations in accordance with Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 144) under the Exchange Act (each date of filing of one or more of the documents referred to in clauses (i) through (iv) shall be a “Representation Date”); 

the Company shall furnish the Agent (but in the case of clause (iv) above only if the Agent reasonably determines that the information contained in such
Form 8-K is material) with the certificates, in the forms attached hereto as Exhibit 7(l)(1) and 7(l)(2). The requirement to provide the certificates under this Section 7(l) shall be waived for any
Representation Date occurring at a time at which no Placement Notice is pending, which waiver shall continue until the earlier to occur of the date the Company delivers instructions for the sale of Placement Shares hereunder (which for such calendar
quarter shall be considered a Representation Date) and the next occurring Representation Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company subsequently decides to sell Placement Shares following a Representation Date when the Company relied on
such waiver and did not provide the Agent with the certificates under this Section 7(l), then before the Company delivers the instructions for the sale of Placement Shares or the Agent sells any Placement Shares pursuant to such instructions,
the Company shall provide the Agent with the certificates in conformity with this Section 7(l) dated as of the date that the instructions for the sale of Placement Shares are issued. 

(m) Legal Opinions. (1) On or prior to the date of the first Placement Notice and (2) unless waived by the Agent, the Company
shall, within five (5) Trading Days of each Representation Date with respect to which the Company is obligated to deliver certificates in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(l)(1) and 7(l)(2) for which no waiver is applicable and excluding
the date of this Agreement, cause to be furnished to the Agent (A) a written opinion 

  
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and negative assurance letter of Cooley LLP (“Company Counsel”), or other counsel satisfactory to the Agent and (B) a written opinion of Global Patent Group, LLC
(“IP Counsel”), or other counsel satisfactory to the Agent, in each case in form and substance satisfactory to Agent and its counsel, respectively, modified, as necessary, to relate to the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus as then amended or supplemented; provided, however, the Company shall be required to furnish to Agent no more than one opinion and negative assurance letter from Company Counsel and no more than one opinion from the IP Counsel hereunder
per calendar quarter and the Company shall not be required to furnish any such opinions or negative assurance letter if the Company does not intend to deliver a Placement Notice in such calendar quarter until such time as the Company delivers its
next Placement Notice; provided, further, that in lieu of such opinions for subsequent periodic filings under the Exchange Act, counsel may furnish the Agent with a letter (a “Reliance Letter”) to the effect that the Agent
may rely on a prior opinion delivered under this Section 7(m) to the same extent as if it were dated the date of such letter (except that statements in such prior opinion shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus as amended or supplemented as of the date of the Reliance Letter). 
 (n) Comfort Letter. (1) On or prior to the date
of the first Placement Notice and (2) within five (5) Trading Days of each Representation Date with respect to which the Company is obligated to deliver certificates in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 7(l)(1) and 7(l)(2) for which no
waiver is applicable and excluding the date of this Agreement, the Company shall cause its independent registered public accounting firm to furnish the Agent letters (the “Comfort Letters”), dated the date the Comfort Letter
is delivered, which shall meet the requirements set forth in this Section 7(n); provided, that if requested by the Agent, the Company shall cause a Comfort Letter to be furnished to the Agent within ten (10) Trading Days of the date of
occurrence of any material transaction or event requiring the filing of a Current Report on Form 8-K containing material financial information, including the restatement of the Company’s financial statements. The Comfort Letter from the
Company’s independent registered public accounting firm shall be in a form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Agent, (i) confirming that they are an independent registered public accounting firm within the meaning of the
Securities Act and the PCAOB, (ii) stating, as of such date, the conclusions and findings of such firm with respect to the financial information and other matters ordinarily covered by accountants’ “comfort letters” to
underwriters in connection with registered public offerings (the first such letter, the “Initial Comfort Letter”) and (iii) updating the Initial Comfort Letter with any information that would have been included in the
Initial Comfort Letter had it been given on such date and modified as necessary to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as amended and supplemented to the date of such letter. 

(o) Market Activities. The Company will not, directly or indirectly, (i) take any action designed to cause or result in, or that
constitutes or might reasonably be expected to constitute, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of Placement Shares or (ii) sell, bid for, or purchase the Placement
Shares, or pay anyone any compensation for soliciting purchases of the Placement Shares other than the Agent. Nothing to the contrary in this Agreement shall prohibit the Company, at any time at which a Placement Notice is not in effect, from
engaging in sales of its Common Stock through public offerings, private placements or otherwise, including through underwriters or placement agents. 

  
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 (p) Investment Company Act. The Company will conduct its affairs in such a manner so as to
reasonably ensure that neither it nor any of its Subsidiaries will be or become, at any time prior to the termination of this Agreement, required to register as an “investment company,” as such term is defined in the Investment Company
Act. 
 (q) No Offer to Sell. Other than an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus approved in advance by the Company and the Agent in its
capacity as agent hereunder, neither the Agent nor the Company (including its agents and representatives, other than the Agent in its capacity as such) will make, use, prepare, authorize, approve or refer to any written communication (as defined in
Rule 405 under the Securities Act), required to be filed with the Commission, that constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to buy Placement Shares hereunder. 

(r) Blue Sky and Other Qualifications. The Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts, in cooperation with the Agent,
to qualify the Placement Shares for offering and sale, or to obtain an exemption for the Placement Shares to be offered and sold, under the applicable securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions (domestic or foreign) as the Agent may
designate and to maintain such qualifications and exemptions in effect for so long as required for the distribution of the Placement Shares (but in no event for less than one year from the date of this Agreement); provided, however,
that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in
respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject. In each jurisdiction in which the Placement Shares have been so qualified or exempt, the Company will file such statements and reports as may be required by the
laws of such jurisdiction to continue such qualification or exemption, as the case may be, in effect for so long as required for the distribution of the Placement Shares (but in no event for less than one year from the date of this Agreement). 

(s) Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company and the Subsidiaries will maintain and keep accurate books and records reflecting their assets and
maintain internal accounting controls in a manner designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and including those
policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company, (ii) provide reasonable assurance that
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of the Company’s financial statements in accordance with GAAP, (iii) that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with management’s
and the Company’s directors’ authorization, and (iv) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect
on its financial statements. The Company and the Subsidiaries will maintain such controls and other procedures, including, without limitation, those required by Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and the applicable regulations
thereunder that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the
Commission’s rules and forms, including, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or 

  
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submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing
similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and to ensure that material information relating to the Company or the Subsidiaries is made known to them by others within those entities, particularly during
the period in which such periodic reports are being prepared. 
 (t) Secretary’s Certificate; Further Documentation. On or prior
to the date of the first Placement Notice, the Company shall deliver to the Agent a certificate of the Secretary of the Company and attested to by an executive officer of the Company, dated as of such date, certifying as to (i) the Certificate
of Incorporation of the Company, (ii) the By-laws of the Company, (iii) the resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company, or a duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors, authorizing the execution, delivery and performance
of this Agreement and the issuance of the Placement Shares and (iv) the incumbency of the officers duly authorized to execute this Agreement and the other documents contemplated by this Agreement. Within five (5) Trading Days of each
Representation Date, the Company shall have furnished to the Agent such further information, certificates and documents as the Agent may reasonably request. 

8. Payment of Expenses. The Company will pay all expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement,
including (i) the preparation and filing of the Registration Statement, including any fees required by the Commission, and the printing or electronic delivery of the Prospectus as originally filed and of each amendment and supplement thereto,
in such number as the Agent shall reasonably deem necessary, (ii) the printing and delivery to the Agent of this Agreement and such other documents as may be required in connection with the offering, purchase, sale, issuance or delivery of the
Placement Shares, (iii) the preparation, issuance and delivery of the certificates, if any, for the Placement Shares to the Agent, including any stock or other transfer taxes and any capital duties, stamp duties or other duties or taxes payable
upon the sale, issuance or delivery of the Placement Shares to the Agent, (iv) the fees and disbursements of the counsel, accountants and other advisors to the Company, (v) the out-of-pocket expenses of the Agent (including, without
limitation, the fees and disbursements of the counsel to the Agent), payable upon the execution of this Agreement, in an amount not to exceed $50,000; (vi) the qualification or exemption of the Placement Shares under state securities laws in
accordance with the provisions of Section 7(r) hereof, including filing fees, but excluding fees of the Agent’s counsel, (vii) the printing and delivery to the Agent of copies of any Permitted Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and the
Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto in such number as the Agent shall reasonably deem necessary, (viii) the preparation, printing and delivery to the Agent of copies of the blue sky survey, (ix) the fees and expenses of
the transfer agent and registrar for the Common Stock, (x) the filing and other fees incident to any review by FINRA of the terms of the sale of the Placement Shares including the fees of the Agent’s counsel (subject to the cap, set forth
in clause (v) above), and (xi) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Placement Shares on the Exchange. 

9. Representations and Covenants of Agent. Agent represents and warrants that it is duly registered as a broker-dealer under FINRA, the
Exchange Act and the applicable statutes and regulations of each state in which the Placement Shares will be offered and sold, except such 

  
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states in which Agent is exempt from registration or such registration is not otherwise required. Agent shall continue, for the term of this Agreement, to be duly registered as a broker-dealer
under FINRA, the Exchange Act and the applicable statutes and regulations of each state in which the Placement Shares will be offered and sold, except such states in which Agent is exempt from registration or such registration is not otherwise
required, during the term of this Agreement. Agent will comply with all applicable law and regulations in connection with the Placement Shares, including but not limited to Regulation M. 

10. Conditions to Agent’s Obligations. The obligations of the Agent hereunder with respect to a Placement will be subject to the
continuing accuracy and completeness of the representations and warranties made by the Company herein, to the due performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, to the completion by the Agent of a due diligence review satisfactory to it in
its reasonable judgment, and to the continuing satisfaction (or waiver by the Agent in its sole discretion) of the following additional conditions: 

(a) Registration Statement Effective. The Registration Statement shall have become effective and shall be available for the sale of all
Placement Shares contemplated to be issued by any Placement Notice. 
 (b) No Material Notices. None of the following events shall
have occurred and be continuing: (i) receipt by the Company of any request for additional information from the Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority during the period of effectiveness of the Registration Statement, the
response to which would require any post-effective amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus if such post effective amendments or supplements have not been made and become effective; (ii) the issuance by the
Commission or any other federal or state governmental authority of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose; (iii) receipt by the Company of any notification
with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Placement Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; or (iv) the occurrence of any
event that makes any material statement made in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any material document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any
changes in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or material incorporated documents so that, in the case of the Registration Statement, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact
required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading and so that, in the case of the Prospectus, it will not contain any materially untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. 

(c) No Misstatement or Material Omission. The Agent shall not have advised the Company that the Registration Statement or Prospectus,
or any amendment or supplement thereto, contains an untrue statement of fact that in the Agent’s reasonable opinion is material, or omits to state a fact that in the Agent’s reasonable opinion is material and is required to be stated
therein or is necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. 

  
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 (d) Material Changes. Except as contemplated in the Prospectus, or disclosed in the
Company’s reports filed with the Commission, there shall not have been any material adverse change in the authorized capital stock of the Company or any Material Adverse Effect or any development that would reasonably be expected to cause a
Material Adverse Effect, or a downgrading in or withdrawal of the rating assigned to any of the Company’s securities (other than asset backed securities) by any rating organization or a public announcement by any rating organization that it has
under surveillance or review its rating of any of the Company’s securities (other than asset backed securities), the effect of which, in the case of any such action by a rating organization described above, in the reasonable judgment of the
Agent (without relieving the Company of any obligation or liability it may otherwise have), is so material as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering of the Placement Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in
the Prospectus. 
 (e) Legal Opinion. The Agent shall have received the opinions and letters, as applicable, of Company Counsel and
the IP Counsel required to be delivered pursuant to Section 7(m) on or before the date on which such delivery of such opinion is required pursuant to Section 7(m). 

(f) Comfort Letter. The Agent shall have received the Comfort Letter required to be delivered pursuant to Section 7(n) on or
before the date on which such delivery of such Comfort Letter is required pursuant to Section 7(n). 
 (g) Representation
Certificates. The Agent shall have received the certificates required to be delivered pursuant to Section 7(l) on or before the date on which delivery of such certificates are required pursuant to Section 7(l). 

(h) No Suspension. Trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended on the Exchange and the Common Stock shall not have been
delisted from the Exchange. 
 (i) Other Materials. On each date on which the Company is required to deliver a certificate pursuant
to Section 7(l), the Company shall have furnished to the Agent such appropriate further information, certificates and other documents as the Agent may reasonably request and which are customarily furnished by an issuer of securities in
connection with a securities offering. All such certificates and other documents will be in compliance with the provisions hereof. 
 (j)
Securities Act Filings Made. All filings with the Commission with respect to the Placement Shares required by Rule 424 under the Securities Act to have been filed prior to the issuance of any Placement Notice hereunder shall have been made
within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by Rule 424. 
 (k) Approval for Listing. The Placement Shares shall
either have been approved for listing on the Exchange, subject only to notice of issuance, or the Company shall have filed an application for listing of the Placement Shares on the Exchange at, or prior to, the issuance of any Placement Notice. 


  
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 (l) FINRA. If applicable, FINRA shall have raised no objection to the terms of this
offering and the amount of compensation allowable or payable to the Agent as described in the Prospectus. 
 (m) No Termination
Event. There shall not have occurred any event that would permit the Agent to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 13(a). 

11. Indemnification and Contribution. 

(a) Company Indemnification. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Agent, its partners, members, directors, officers,
employees and agents and each person, if any, who controls the Agent within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act as follows: 

(i) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, joint or several, arising out of or based upon
any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading, or arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in any related Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), or
the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; 

(ii) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, joint or several, to the extent of the aggregate
amount paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue
statement or omission; provided that any such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company, which consent shall not unreasonably be delayed or withheld; and 

(iii) against any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred (including the fees and disbursements of counsel), reasonably incurred in
investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such
alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above, 
 provided, however,
that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made solely in reliance upon and in conformity with
written information furnished to the Company by the Agent expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), or in any related Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto). 

(b) Agent Indemnification. Agent agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its directors and each officer and director of
the Company who signed the 

  
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Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act against any and all
loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in Section 11(a), as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration
Statement (or any amendments thereto) or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company in writing by the Agent expressly for
use therein. The Company hereby acknowledges that the only information that the Agent has furnished to the Company expressly for use in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement
thereto) are the statements set forth in the sixth and seventh paragraphs under the caption “Plan of Distribution” in the Prospectus. 

(c) Procedure. Any party that proposes to assert the right to be indemnified under this Section 11 will, promptly after receipt of
notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim is to be made against an indemnifying party or parties under this Section 11, notify each such indemnifying party of the commencement of such action, enclosing
a copy of all papers served, but the omission so to notify such indemnifying party will not relieve the indemnifying party from (i) any liability that it might have to any indemnified party otherwise than under this Section 11 and
(ii) any liability that it may have to any indemnified party under the foregoing provision of this Section 11 unless, and only to the extent that, such omission results in the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses by the
indemnifying party. If any such action is brought against any indemnified party and it notifies the indemnifying party of its commencement, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate in and, to the extent that it elects by delivering
written notice to the indemnified party promptly after receiving notice of the commencement of the action from the indemnified party, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense of the action, with counsel
reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to the indemnified party of its election to assume the defense, the indemnifying party will not be liable to the indemnified party for any legal or other
expenses except as provided below and except for the reasonable costs of investigation subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense. The indemnified party will have the right to employ its own counsel in any such
action, but the fees, expenses and other charges of such counsel will be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (1) the employment of counsel by the indemnified party has been authorized in writing by the indemnifying party,
(2) the indemnified party has reasonably concluded (based on advice of counsel) that there may be legal defenses available to it or other indemnified parties that are different from or in addition to those available to the indemnifying party,
(3) a conflict or potential conflict exists (based on advice of counsel to the indemnified party) between the indemnified party and the indemnifying party (in which case the indemnifying party will not have the right to direct the defense of
such action on behalf of the indemnified party) or (4) the indemnifying party has not in fact employed counsel to assume the defense of such action within a reasonable time after receiving notice of the commencement of the action, in each of
which cases the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of counsel will be at the expense of the indemnifying party or parties. It is understood that the indemnifying party or parties shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related
proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the reasonable fees, disbursements and other charges of more than one separate firm admitted 

  
 -31- 








 
to practice in such jurisdiction at any one time for all such indemnified party or parties. All such fees, disbursements and other charges will be reimbursed by the indemnifying party after the
indemnifying party receives a written invoice relating to the fees, disbursements and other charges in reasonable detail. An indemnifying party will not, in any event, be liable for any settlement of any action or claim effected without its written
consent if such consent is required by this Section 11(c). No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of each indemnified party, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened
claim, action or proceeding relating to the matters contemplated by this Section 11 (whether or not any indemnified party is a party thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (1) includes an unconditional release of each
indemnified party from all liability arising out of such litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (2) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified
party. 
 (d) Contribution. In order to provide for just and equitable contribution in circumstances in which the indemnification
provided for in the foregoing paragraphs of this Section 11 is applicable in accordance with its terms but for any reason is held to be unavailable from the Company or the Agent, the Company and the Agent will contribute to the total losses,
claims, liabilities, expenses and damages (including any investigative, legal and other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with, and any amount paid in settlement of, any action, suit or proceeding or any claim asserted, but after deducting
any contribution received by the Company from persons other than the Agent, such as persons who control the Company within the meaning of the Securities Act, officers of the Company who signed the Registration Statement and directors of the Company,
who also may be liable for contribution) to which the Company and the Agent may be subject in such proportion as shall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Agent on the other hand. The
relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the Agent on the other hand shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total Net Proceeds from the sale of the Placement Shares (before deducting expenses) received by the
Company bear to the total compensation received by the Agent (before deducting expenses) from the sale of Placement Shares on behalf of the Company. If, but only if, the allocation provided by the foregoing sentence is not permitted by applicable
law, the allocation of contribution shall be made in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in the foregoing sentence but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and the Agent, on the
other hand, with respect to the statements or omission that resulted in such loss, claim, liability, expense or damage, or action in respect thereof, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations with respect to such offering. Such relative
fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or the Agent,
the intent of the parties and their relative knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the Agent agree that it would not be just and equitable if contributions pursuant to this
Section 11(d) were to be determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take into account the equitable considerations referred to herein. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of
the loss, claim, liability, expense, or damage, or action in respect thereof, referred to above in this Section 11(d) shall be deemed to include, for the purpose of this Section 11(d), any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by
such indemnified party in connection with 

  
 -32- 








 
investigating or defending any such action or claim to the extent consistent with Section 11(c) hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 11(d), the Agent shall
not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the commissions received by it under this Agreement and no person found guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) will be entitled to
contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. For purposes of this Section 11(d), any person who controls a party to this Agreement within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any officers, directors,
partners, employees or agents of the Agent, will have the same rights to contribution as that party, and each officer and director of the Company who signed the Registration Statement will have the same rights to contribution as the Company, subject
in each case to the provisions hereof. Any party entitled to contribution, promptly after receipt of notice of commencement of any action against such party in respect of which a claim for contribution may be made under this Section 11(d), will
notify any such party or parties from whom contribution may be sought, but the omission to so notify will not relieve that party or parties from whom contribution may be sought from any other obligation it or they may have under this
Section 11(d) except to the extent that the failure to so notify such other party materially prejudiced the substantive rights or defenses of the party from whom contribution is sought. Except for a settlement entered into pursuant to the last
sentence of Section 11(c) hereof, no party will be liable for contribution with respect to any action or claim settled without its written consent if such consent is required pursuant to Section 11(c) hereof. 

12. Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery. The indemnity and contribution agreements contained in Section 11 of this
Agreement and all representations and warranties of the Company herein or in certificates delivered pursuant hereto shall survive, as of their respective dates, regardless of (i) any investigation made by or on behalf of the Agent, any
controlling persons, or the Company (or any of their respective officers, directors or controlling persons), (ii) delivery and acceptance of the Placement Shares and payment therefor or (iii) any termination of this Agreement. 

13. Termination. 
 (a) The
Agent may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the Company, as hereinafter specified at any time (1) if there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the date as of which information is given in the Prospectus, any
change, or any development or event involving a prospective change, in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the business, properties, earnings, results of operations or prospects of the Company and its Subsidiaries considered as one
enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, which individually or in the aggregate, in the sole judgment of the Agent is material and adverse and makes it impractical or inadvisable to market the Placement Shares or to
enforce contracts for the sale of the Placement Shares, (2) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation
thereof or other calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of the
Agent, impracticable or inadvisable to market the Placement Shares or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Placement Shares, (3) if trading in the Common Stock has been suspended or limited by the Commission or the Exchange, or if trading
generally on the Exchange has been 

  
 -33- 








 
suspended or limited, or minimum prices for trading have been fixed on the Exchange, (4) if any suspension of trading of any securities of the Company on any exchange or in the
over-the-counter market shall have occurred and be continuing, (5) if a major disruption of securities settlements or clearance services in the United States shall have occurred and be continuing, or (6) if a banking moratorium has been
declared by either U.S. Federal or New York authorities. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 8 (Payment of Expenses), Section 11 (Indemnification and
Contribution), Section 12 (Representations and Agreements to Survive Delivery), Section 18 (Governing Law and Time; Waiver of Jury Trial) and Section 19 (Consent to Jurisdiction) hereof shall remain in full force and effect
notwithstanding such termination. If the Agent elects to terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section 13(a), the Agent shall provide the required notice as specified in Section 14 (Notices). 

(b) The Company shall have the right, by giving five (5) days’ notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its
sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreement. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except that the provisions of Section 8, Section 11, Section 12, Section 18,
Section 19 and Section 20 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. 
 (c) The Agent shall
have the right, by giving ten (10) days’ notice as hereinafter specified to terminate this Agreement in its sole discretion at any time after the date of this Agreement. Any such termination shall be without liability of any party to any
other party except that the provisions of Section 8, Section 11, Section 12, Section 18 and Section 19 hereof shall remain in full force and effect notwithstanding such termination. 

(d) This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect unless terminated pursuant to Sections 13(a), (b), or (c) above or otherwise by
mutual agreement of the parties; provided, however, that any such termination by mutual agreement shall in all cases be deemed to provide that Section 8, Section 11, Section 12, Section 18 and Section 19 shall remain in full
force and effect. 
 (e) Any termination of this Agreement shall be effective on the date specified in such notice of termination; provided,
however, that such termination shall not be effective until the close of business on the date of receipt of such notice by the Agent or the Company, as the case may be. If such termination shall occur prior to the Settlement Date for any sale of
Placement Shares, such Placement Shares shall settle in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. 
 14. Notices. All notices
or other communications required or permitted to be given by any party to any other party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement shall be in writing, unless otherwise specified, and if sent to the Agent, shall be delivered to: 

Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. 

499 Park Avenue 
 New York, NY
10022 
 Attention:         Capital Markets 

Facsimile:         (212) 307-3730 

  
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 with copies to 

Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. 

499 Park Avenue 
 New York, NY
10022 
 Attention:         General Counsel 

Facsimile:         (212) 307-3730 

and with a copy to: 
 Latham & Watkins
LLP 
 12670 High Bluff Drive 

San Diego, CA 92130 
 Attention:
        Cheston J. Larson, Esq. 
 Facsimile:         (858)
523-5450 
 and if to the Company, shall be delivered to: 

Cytokinetics, Incorporated 
 280
East Grand Avenue 
 South San Francisco, CA 94080 

Attention:          Chief Financial Officer 

Facsimile:         (650) 624-1133 

Copy to:            General Counsel 

with a copy to: 
 Cooley LLP 

3175 Hanover Street 
 Palo Alto,
CA 94304 
 Attn: Michael E. Tenta, Esq. 

Fax: (650) 849-7400 
 Each
party to this Agreement may change such address for notices by sending to the parties to this Agreement written notice of a new address for such purpose. Each such notice or other communication shall be deemed given (i) when delivered
personally or by verifiable facsimile transmission (with an original to follow) on or before 4:30 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day or, if such day is not a Business Day, on the next succeeding Business Day, (ii) by Electronic
Notice as set forth in the next paragraph, (iii) on the next Business Day after timely delivery to a nationally-recognized overnight courier or (iv) on the Business Day actually received if deposited in the U.S. mail (certified or
registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid). For purposes of this Agreement, “Business Day” shall mean any day on which the Exchange and commercial banks in the City of New York are open for business. 

An electronic communication (“Electronic Notice”) shall be deemed written notice for purposes of this Section 14
if sent to the electronic mail address specified by the receiving party under separate cover. Electronic Notice shall be deemed received at the time the party sending Electronic Notice receives verification of receipt by the receiving party. Any
party receiving 

  
 -35- 








 
Electronic Notice may request and shall be entitled to receive the notice on paper, in a nonelectronic form (“Nonelectronic Notice”) which shall be sent to the requesting
party within ten (10) days of receipt of the written request for Nonelectronic Notice. 
 15. Successors and Assigns. This
Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Agent and their respective successors and the affiliates, controlling persons, officers and directors referred to in Section 11 hereof. References to any of the
parties contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to include the successors and permitted assigns of such party. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any party other than the parties hereto or their respective
successors and permitted assigns any rights, remedies, obligations or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided in this Agreement. Neither party may assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement without
the prior written consent of the other party; provided, however, that the Agent may assign its rights and obligations hereunder to an affiliate, so long as such affiliate is a registered broker-dealer, thereof without obtaining the Company’s
consent. 
 16. Adjustments for Stock Splits. The parties acknowledge and agree that all share-related numbers contained in this
Agreement shall be adjusted to take into account any stock split, stock dividend or similar event effected with respect to the Placement Shares. 

17. Entire Agreement; Amendment; Severability. This Agreement (including all schedules and exhibits attached hereto and Placement
Notices issued pursuant hereto) constitutes the entire agreement and supersedes all other prior and contemporaneous agreements and undertakings, both written and oral, among the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof. Neither this
Agreement nor any term hereof may be amended except pursuant to a written instrument executed by the Company and the Agent. In the event that any one or more of the provisions contained herein, or the application thereof in any circumstance, is held
invalid, illegal or unenforceable as written by a court of competent jurisdiction, then such provision shall be given full force and effect to the fullest possible extent that it is valid, legal and enforceable, and the remainder of the terms and
provisions herein shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable term or provision was not contained herein, but only to the extent that giving effect to such provision and the remainder of the terms and provisions hereof shall be
in accordance with the intent of the parties as reflected in this Agreement. 
 18. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME; WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. THIS
AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD TO THE PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS. SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME. THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO
THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. 

19. CONSENT TO JURISDICTION. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY SUBMITS TO THE NON-EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION OF THE STATE AND FEDERAL
COURTS SITTING IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN, FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE 

  
 -36- 








 
HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, AND HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, AND AGREES NOT TO ASSERT IN ANY SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING, ANY CLAIM THAT IT IS NOT PERSONALLY
SUBJECT TO THE JURISDICTION OF ANY SUCH COURT, THAT SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT FORUM OR THAT THE VENUE OF SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING IS IMPROPER. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES PERSONAL SERVICE OF
PROCESS AND CONSENTS TO PROCESS BEING SERVED IN ANY SUCH SUIT, ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY MAILING A COPY THEREOF (CERTIFIED OR REGISTERED MAIL, RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED) TO SUCH PARTY AT THE ADDRESS IN EFFECT FOR NOTICES TO IT UNDER THIS AGREEMENT AND
AGREES THAT SUCH SERVICE SHALL CONSTITUTE GOOD AND SUFFICIENT SERVICE OF PROCESS AND NOTICE THEREOF. NOTHING CONTAINED HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO LIMIT IN ANY WAY ANY RIGHT TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW. 

20. Use of Information. The Agent may not provide any information gained in connection with this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement, including due diligence, to any third party other than its legal counsel advising it on this Agreement unless expressly approved by the Company in writing. 

21. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of
which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Delivery of an executed Agreement by one party to the other may be made by facsimile transmission. 

22. Effect of Headings. 

The section and exhibit headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof. 

  
 -37- 








 23. Permitted Free Writing Prospectuses. 

The Company represents, warrants and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior consent of the Agent, which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld, conditioned or delayed, and the Agent represents, warrants and agrees that, unless it obtains the prior consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed, it has not made and will not make any
offer relating to the Placement Shares that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or that would otherwise constitute a “free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 405, required to be filed with the Commission. Any such
free writing prospectus consented to by the Agent or by the Company, as the case may be, is hereinafter referred to as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.” The Company represents and warrants that it has treated and agrees that it will
treat each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433, and has complied and will comply with the requirements of Rule 433 applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus,
including timely filing with the Commission where required, legending and record keeping. For the purposes of clarity, the parties hereto agree that all free writing prospectuses, if any, listed in Exhibit 23 hereto are Permitted Free
Writing Prospectuses. 
 24. Absence of Fiduciary Relationship. 

The Company acknowledges and agrees that: 

(a) the Agent is acting solely as agent in connection with the public offering of the Placement Shares and in connection with each transaction
contemplated by this Agreement and the process leading to such transactions, and no fiduciary or advisory relationship between the Company or any of its respective affiliates, stockholders (or other equity holders), creditors or employees or any
other party, on the one hand, and the Agent, on the other hand, has been or will be created in respect of any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, irrespective of whether or not the Agent has advised or is advising the Company on
other matters, and the Agent has no obligation to the Company with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement except the obligations expressly set forth in this Agreement; 

(b) it is capable of evaluating and understanding, and understands and accepts, the terms, risks and conditions of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement; 
 (c) The Agent has not provided any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to the
transactions contemplated by this Agreement and it has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it has deemed appropriate; 

(d) it is aware that the Agent and its affiliates are engaged in a broad range of transactions which may involve interests that differ from
those of the Company and the Agent has no obligation to disclose such interests and transactions to the Company by virtue of any fiduciary, advisory or agency relationship or otherwise; and 

(e) it waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any claims it may have against the Agent for breach of fiduciary duty or alleged breach
of fiduciary duty in connection with the sale of Placement Shares under this Agreement and agrees that the Agent shall not have any liability (whether direct or indirect, in contract, tort or otherwise) to it in respect of such a


  
 -38- 








 
fiduciary duty claim or to any person asserting a fiduciary duty claim on its behalf or in right of it or the Company, employees or creditors of Company, other than in respect of the Agent’s
obligations under this Agreement and to keep information provided by the Company to the Agent and the Agent’s counsel confidential to the extent not otherwise publicly-available. 

25. Definitions. 
 As used
in this Agreement, the following terms have the respective meanings set forth below: 
 “Applicable Time” means
(i) each Representation Date and (ii) the time of each sale of any Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement. 

“Issuer Free Writing Prospectus” means any “issuer free writing prospectus,” as defined in Rule 433,
relating to the Placement Shares that (1) is required to be filed with the Commission by the Company, (2) is a “road show” that is a “written communication” within the meaning of Rule 433(d)(8)(i) whether or not
required to be filed with the Commission, or (3) is exempt from filing pursuant to Rule 433(d)(5)(i) because it contains a description of the Placement Shares or of the offering that does not reflect the final terms, in each case in the
form filed or required to be filed with the Commission or, if not required to be filed, in the form retained in the Company’s records pursuant to Rule 433(g) under the Securities Act Regulations. 

“Rule 164,” “Rule 172,” “Rule 405,” “Rule
415,” “Rule 424,” “Rule 424(b),” “Rule 430B,” and “Rule 433” refer to such rules under the Securities Act Regulations. 

All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information that is “contained,”
“included” or “stated” in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (and all other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information that is
incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, as the case may be. 
 All references in this Agreement to the
Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the copy filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR; all references in this Agreement to any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus
(other than any Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses that, pursuant to Rule 433, are not required to be filed with the Commission) shall be deemed to include the copy thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR; and all references in this
Agreement to “supplements” to the Prospectus shall include, without limitation, any supplements, “wrappers” or similar materials prepared in connection with any offering, sale or private placement of any Placement Shares by the
Agent outside of the United States. 
 [Signature Page Follows] 

  
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 If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between the Company and the Agent, please
so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between the Company and the Agent. 
  

			
	Very truly yours,
	
	CYTOKINETICS, INCORPORATED
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Sharon A. Barbari

	Name:	 	Sharon A. Barbari
	Title:	 	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
	
	ACCEPTED as of the date first-above written:
	
	CANTOR FITZGERALD & CO.
		
	By:	 	 /s/ Jeffrey Lumby

	Name:	 	Jeffrey Lumby
	Title:	 	Senior Managing Director



  
 [SIGNATURE
PAGE] 
 CYTOKINETICS, INCORPORATED – SALES AGREEMENT 








 SCHEDULE 1 

 
  

FORM OF PLACEMENT NOTICE 
  

 
  

			
	From:	  	Cytokinetics, Incorporated
		
	To:	  	Cantor Fitzgerald & Co.
		  	Attention:                     
		
	Subject:	  	Placement Notice
		
	Gentlemen:	  	

 Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the Sales Agreement between Cytokinetics,
Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (“Agent”), dated [●], 2015, the Company hereby requests that the Agent sell up to
                     of the Company’s Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a minimum market price of
$         per share, during the time period beginning [month, day, time] and ending [month, day, time]. 







 SCHEDULE 2 

 
  

Compensation 
  

 
 The Company
shall pay to the Agent in cash, upon each sale of Placement Shares pursuant to this Agreement, an amount equal to 3.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale of Placement Shares. 







 SCHEDULE 3 

 
  

Notice Parties 
  

 
 The Company 

Robert Blum (rblum@cytokinetics.com) 
 Sharon Barbari
(sbarbari@cytokinetics.com) 
 The Agent 
 Jeff
Lumby (jlumby@cantor.com) 
 Josh Feldman (jfeldman@cantor.com) 

Sameer Vasudev (svasudev@cantor.com) 
 With copies to: 

CFControlledEquityOffering@cantor.com 







 SCHEDULE 4 

 
  

Subsidiaries 
  

 
 None. 







 EXHIBIT 7(l)(1) 

Form of Representation Date Certificate 

The undersigned, the duly qualified and elected
                    , of Cytokinetics, Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), does hereby certify in such capacity
and on behalf of the Company, pursuant to Section 7(l) of the Sales Agreement, dated [●], 2015 (the “Sales Agreement”), between the Company and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., that to the best of the knowledge of
the undersigned: 
 (i) The representations and warranties of the Company in Section 6 of the Sales Agreement (A) to the
extent such representations and warranties are subject to qualifications and exceptions contained therein relating to materiality or Material Adverse Effect, are true and correct on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if
expressly made on and as of the date hereof, except for those representations and warranties that speak solely as of a specific date and which were true and correct as of such date, and (B) to the extent such representations and warranties are
not subject to any qualifications or exceptions, are true and correct in all material respects as of the date hereof as if made on and as of the date hereof with the same force and effect as if expressly made on and as of the date hereof, except for
those representations and warranties that speak solely as of a specific date and which were true and correct as of such date; and 
 (ii)
The Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied pursuant to the Sales Agreement at or prior to the date hereof. 

 

			
	CYTOKINETICS, INCORPORATED
		
	By:	 	  

	Name:	 	  

	Title:	 	  



 Date:
                     







 EXHIBIT 7(l)(2) 

CYTOKINETICS, INCORPORATED 

CFO CERTIFICATE PURSUANT TO SECTION 7(L)(2) OF THE SALES AGREEMENT 

[            , 201  ] 

I, the undersigned, as the Chief Financial Officer of Cytokinetics, Incorporated, a Delaware corporation (the
“Company”), and, solely in my capacity as such, and based upon an examination of the Company’s consolidated audited and unaudited financial records and statements undertaken by myself or members of my staff who are
responsible for the Company’s financial and accounting matters, do hereby certify that (capitalized terms used herein without definition have the meanings ascribed to them in the Sales Agreement): 

(a) I am providing this certificate in connection with the issuance and sale by the Company of shares of the Company’s common stock
having aggregate sale proceeds of up to $40.0 million (the “Shares”), pursuant to the Controlled Equity Offering Sales Agreement, dated as of September 4, 2015 (the “Sales Agreement”) between the
Company and Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (the “Agent”), as described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus (the “Offering”). 

(b) I am the duly elected, qualified and acting Chief Financial Officer of the Company and am providing this certificate based on my
examination of the internal accounting records of the Company and its subsidiaries. 
 (c) I am knowledgeable with respect to the internal
accounting records and internal accounting practices, policies, procedures and controls of the Company and its subsidiaries and have responsibility for financial and accounting matters with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries. 

(d) I have reviewed the financial data and information identified by the Agent in certain pages from, or incorporated by reference into, the
Registration Statement and the Prospectus, attached hereto as Annex A (the “Identified Information”) and have compared such Identified Information to the accounting records of the Company and determined that such
Identified Information is true, correct and accurate in all material respects and that the Identified Information does not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to
make the statements therein not misleading. 
 (e) This certificate has been prepared for the benefit of the Agent in connection with the
Offering, and the Agent is entitled to reasonably rely on this CFO Certificate for any purpose related to the Offering. 
 Latham &
Watkins LLP and Cooley LLP are entitled to rely on this certificate in connection with the respective opinions or negative assurance letters such firms are rendering pursuant to the Sales Agreement. 

[signature page follows] 







 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand as of the date first written above. 

 

			
	  

	Name:	 	Sharon A. Barbari
	Title:	 	EVP Finance and Chief Financial Officer









 Exhibit 23 

Permitted Free Writing Prospectus 

None.