SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE ®

6220 CULEBRA ROAD i POST OFFICE DRAWER 28510 i SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS, USA 78228-0510 i (210) 684-5111 i WWW.SWRI.ORG 

HTTP://ENGINEANDVEHICLE .SWRI.ORG

ENGINE, EMISSIONS, AND VEHICLE RESEARCH DIVISION ISO 9001 CERTIFIED

FAX: (210) 522-3950 ISO 14001 Certified 

SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 

HOUSTON, TEXAS i WASHINGTON, DC 

January 15, 2010 

Brian H. West 

Fuels, Engines, and Emissions Research Center 

Oak Ridge National Laboratory 

NTRC Building 

2360 Cherahala Boulevard 

Knoxville, TN 37932 

Subject: Monthly Progress Report No. 15 for the Period December 1 through December 31, 

2009; for the program, "Catalyst Screening and Durability for Intermediate Ethanol 

Blends," UT-Battelle/Oak Ridge National Laboratory Subcontract No. 4000071456, 

CRC Project E-87-2, SwRI Projects 03.14530 and 03.15340. 

1.0 INTRODUCTION 

 The objective of this project is to help quantify emissions system durability of E15 and 

E20 on the US fleet. Specifically, this project will study the effects of ethanol blends on openloop stoichiometry and resulting catalyst and oxygen sensor temperatures. This project will also 

generate valuable data on vehicle emissions and performance. 

Vehicles selected for this study will include a wide range of manufacturers across several 

model years. Some of the vehicles that will be tested include vehicles that have been identified 

as having leaner and hotter operation on ethanol blends than on gasoline when in wide-open 

throttle (WOT) open-loop operation. Other vehicles will be tested because of their large 

numbers in the in-use vehicle fleet. New vehicles with unknown open-loop fuel control at WOT 

may also be selected. 

 In this project, SwRI will age vehicles and emission control systems operating on three 

levels of ethanol blended fuels (E10, E15, and E20) and compare emissions and vehicle 

performance to similar vehicles operating on the base gasoline (E0). Vehicle service 

accumulation and emissions testing are to be performed on multiple sets of matched vehicles. 

For each matched set, vehicles are to be aged and emissions tested on the four fuel blends (E0, 

E10, E15, and E20). Emissions testing will be performed at three added service accumulation 

levels: 0 miles (start of service accumulation), between 25,000 and 50,000 miles (mid service 

accumulation level), and at the end of the vehicle’s full-useful life (nominally 120,000 miles). 

Beginning in August 2009, selected new vehicle sets will be tested with E0, E15, and E20 fuels. 
Brian H. West 

Oak Ridge National Laboratory 

January 15, 2010 

Page 2 of 6 

2.0 PROGRESS FOR THE PERIOD DECEMBER 1-31, 2009 

2.1 Honda Accords and Chevrolet Silverados 

The Honda Accords and Chevrolet Silverados have completed vehicle service 

accumulation and emissions testing to 120,000 odometer miles during previous reporting 

periods. Vehicle FTP emissions test data at 0 and 50,000 test miles, and 120,000 odometer miles 

for the Accords are provided in Appendix A, Tables A-1, A-2, and A-3, respectively. Silverado 

vehicle FTP emissions test data at 0 and 50,000 test miles, and 120,000 odometer miles is 

provided in Appendix A, Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6, respectively. 

2.2 Nissan Altimas 

 The Nissan Altima vehicle set completed mileage accumulation to 120,000 odometer 

miles on the highest mileage vehicle. Emissions test data for the Altimas at 0 and 50,000 test 

miles are provided in Appendix A, Tables A-7 and A-8, respectively. Nissan Altima emissions 

testing at 120,000 odometer miles resumed this reporting period and is expected to continue into 

January. Nissan Altima emissions tests at 120,000 odometer miles complete to date are provided 

in Appendix Table A-9. 

2.3 Ford Tauruses 

 The Ford Taurus vehicle set completed emissions testing at 50,000 test miles this 

reporting period. Taurus emissions data at zero test miles are given in Appendix A, Table A-10. 

Emissions data at 50,000 test miles are given in Table A-11. Ford Taurus vehicle set service 

accumulation to approximately 120,000 odometer miles will resume in January following the 

completion of the Dodge Caravan vehicle set interim service level. 

2.4 Dodge Caravans and Chevrolet Cobalts 

The Dodge Caravan and Chevrolet Cobalt vehicle sets continued service accumulation to 

50,000 test miles this reporting period. Mileage accumulation to the interim service level on the 

Caravan and Cobalt vehicle sets is expected to continue through mid-January

 Vehicle emissions test data for the Dodge Caravan vehicle set are provided in Appendix 

A, Table A-12. Emissions test data processed to date for the Cobalt vehicle set is provided in 

Appendix A, Table A-13. 

2.5 Dodge Calibers 

Three 2007 Dodge Calibers with the 2.0 L I-4 engine and the CVT automatic 

transmission were obtained as reported in the previous progress report. Vehicle check-in 

information and the final vehicle set-up information are included in Appendix B. The calibration 

versions were originally different among the three Dodge Calibers. The vehicles were sent to the 
Brian H. West 

Oak Ridge National Laboratory 

January 15, 2010 

Page 3 of 6 

local Chrysler dealership and the electronic control modules were “re-flashed” to the latest 

calibration. The calibration “Version #1” matched for all three vehicles, but calibration “Version 

#2” did not match, as noted in Appendix B, page B-2. This calibration information was sent to 

Chrysler Engineering, and Chrysler stated that the differences in “Version #2” calibrations would 

not affect the E-87-2 program. 

With regards to the tires for the Dodge Calibers, the three vehicles were received at SwRI 

with four different brands of tires. One vehicle had four of an “off-brand” tire, one had four 

Continental brand tires, and the other had a mix of Firestone and off-brand tires. This variation 

in tire brands will occur more often with older vehicles. SwRI, with the approval of the Oak 

Ridge Program Manager, designated the as-received Continental tires for the ORCA0 and 

ORCA20 emissions tires. The two as-received Firestone tires were designated as the ORCA15 

emissions tires. The emission test tires will be used for emissions testing for all three service 

accumulation intervals. New Firestone tires were purchased, mounted, and balanced for vehicle 

service accumulation (the original equipment tire brand was Firestone). 

Following the announcement that the Dodge Calibers were received by SwRI, Chrysler 

provided the procedure to put the vehicles into “rolls mode” operation so that the vehicle would 

operate properly on the two-wheel dynamometer. The Dodge Caliber with the CVT will have to 

remain in the manually set rolls mode for all emissions tests and for vehicle service 

accumulation. SwRI ran the vehicle road load derivation procedure in rolls mode using the 

target dynamometer coefficients provided by Chrysler. Dynamometer set road load coefficients 

were approved by Chrysler. Chrysler provided invaluable support for dynamometer set-up of 

these vehicles. Vehicle emissions testing for the Dodge Caliber vehicle set will begin in January. 

2.6 Vehicle Procurement – 2006 Nissan Quests, 2002 Nissan Frontiers, and Other NonTier 2 Vehicles 

Two sets of three matched vehicles (six vehicles total) were previously authorized for 

purchase for this program. These vehicle models were the 2006 Nissan Quest minivan with the 

3.5 L V-6 engine and the 2002 Nissan Frontier 2WD pickup truck with the 2.4 L I-4 engine. 

Two 2006 Nissan Quests were purchased and shipped to San Antonio. A photograph of 

the Nissan Quests is provided in Figure 1. A third Nissan Quest was identified as described in 

the previous progress report, but it was later found to have a different transmission model than 

the other two Quests. This vehicle will be exchanged with a Nissan Quest matching the other 

two vehicles. 

Vehicle check-in information for the Nissan Quests is provided in Appendix B. Vehicle 

assignment to the project durability fuel ethanol level (E0, E15, or E20) was made randomly. 

Included in the preparation activities for the test vehicles is establishing insurance coverage for 

each vehicle. The two matching Quests have begun vehicle preparations for project testing 

starting with tire changes and engine control module checks. Engine control modules will be reflashed as necessary 
Brian H. West 

Oak Ridge National Laboratory 

January 15, 2010 

Page 4 of 6 

FIGURE 1. 2006 NISSSAN QUESTS 

Two of the three 2002 Nissan Frontiers have been purchased and shipped to SwRI. The 

third Nissan Frontier is being sought. A photograph of the two Nissan Frontiers obtained to date 

is given in Figure 2. Vehicle check-in information for the Frontiers is also provided in Appendix 

B. 

FIGURE 2. 2002 NISSAN FRONTIERS 

As reported previously, additional project vehicles were identified at the project review 

meeting attended by project stakeholders. The next vehicle models authorized for purchase are 

three non-Tier 2 models, namely the 2000 Ford Focus 2.0L, the 2002 Dodge Durango 4.7L, and 

the 2000 Honda Accord 2.3L. SwRI will begin procurement efforts for these vehicles starting in 

January. 
Brian H. West 

Oak Ridge National Laboratory 

January 15, 2010 

Page 5 of 6 

2.7 Vehicle Oil Consumption 

 Oil consumption history for the Dodge Caravan, Chevrolet Cobalt, and Ford Taurus 

vehicle sets have been recorded by weight. Graphs of oil consumption versus test miles are 

provided in Appendix C. These vehicles have not exhibited abnormally high oil consumption 

rates. 

2.8 Service Accumulation Fuel 

The third tanker truck of road grade ethanol was received at the end of this reporting 

period. A sample of the road grade ethanol was taken for analysis by the SwRI Petroleum 

Products Research Department. Results of this analysis will be included in the next progress 

report. 

Another tanker truck of commercial gasoline (E0) fuel has been ordered. The availability 

of commercial gasoline remains the same as reported previously, and it is believed that E0 fuel 

will be available for this purchase. The availability of local ethanol-free gasoline will continue 

to be closely watched for this project. All new fuel deliveries are checked for possible ethanol 

content prior to SwRI accepting fuel for the project. 

2.9 Project Review Meeting 

 Southwest Research Institute hosted a project review meeting on November 5, 2009. 

During this meeting, the next three project vehicles were identified. Meeting minutes were 

previously posted on the project ftp web site and are included in Appendix D for convenience. 

3.0 WORK PLANNED FOR THE NEXT REPORTING PERIOD 

Southwest Research will continue with search efforts for the third Nissan Quest and the 

third Nissan Frontier. As vehicles are received by SwRI, they will be inspected, insured, and 

prepared for emissions testing and service accumulation. 

Nissan Altima emissions testing at 120,000 odometer miles will continue into the next 

reporting period (January). Ford Taurus vehicle set service accumulation to 120,000 odometer 

miles will continue in January. 

Mileage accumulation to the interim service level on the Caravan and Cobalt vehicle sets 

is expected to continue through December and finish in January. Interim level emissions testing 

will be scheduled in late January, and testing will continue into February. 

 SwRI will begin procurement efforts for 2000 Ford Focus, the 2002 Dodge Durango, and 

the 2000 Honda Accord vehicles starting with one model in late January. 
Brian H. West 

Oak Ridge National Laboratory 

January 15, 2010 

Page 6 of 6 

SwRI will continue to monitor the current supplier of project E0 service accumulation 

fuel for the anticipated switch to the distribution of E10 road fuel. When the switch occurs, 

SwRI plans to obtain E0 fuel for the project from another source. 

4.0 CONCLUSION 

 If you have any questions regarding this progress report, please contact Marty Heimrich 

at (210) 522-3022 or by e-mail at mheimrich@swri.org. 

Prepared by: Approved by: 

 

Martin J. Heimrich Jeff J. White 

Manager Director 

Aftertreatment Technology Department of Emissions R&D 

Department of Emissions R&D 

/sat/tyd 

cc: Brent Shoffner, SwRI 

 Kevin Brunner, SwRI 

This report shall not be reproduced, except in full, without the written approval of Southwest Research Institute®. 

Results and discussion given in this report relate only to the test items described in this report. 
APPENDIX A 

FTP VEHICLE EMISSIONS TEST DATA 

2007 Honda Accords 

2006 Chevrolet Silverados 

2008 Nissan Altimas 

2008 Ford Tauruses 

2007 Dodge Caravans 

2007 Chevrolet Cobalts
 A- 1 TABLE A-1. 2007 HONDA ACCORD EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 0 Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO2 CH4 NMHC 

EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORHA00 OR-HA00-1-E0-F-0k-T8 E0 0.031 0.192 0.014 339.4 0.003 0.028 0.030 0.3 0.1 0.0 2 OR-HA00-1-E0-F-0k-T9 0.037 0.257 0.019 340.8 0.004 0.033 0.035 0.3 0.1 0.2 3 ORHA10B OR-HA10B-1-E0-F-0k-T1 E0 0.036 0.274 0.018 338.7 0.003 0.033 0.034 0.2 0.0 0.0 4 OR-HA10B-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.036 0.270 0.021 334.4 0.004 0.031 0.033 0.4 0.0 0.1 5 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-0k-T2 E10 0.025 0.143 0.020 332.9 0.003 0.022 0.024 0.2 0.7 0.0 6 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-0k-T4 0.028 0.175 0.021 332.3 0.003 0.024 0.027 0.2 0.7 0.0 7 

ORHA15 

OR-HA15-1-E0-F-0k-T2 

E0 

0.025 0.172 0.014 332.8 0.002 0.022 0.023 0.4 0.2 0.0 

8 OR-HA15-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.025 0.183 0.012 332.0 0.003 0.023 0.024 0.7 0.1 0.2 9 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-0k-T2 

E15 

0.019 0.130 0.015 332.4 0.001 0.017 0.021 0.0 1.0 0.0 

10 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-0k-T3 0.016 0.109 0.014 332.2 0.001 0.014 0.017 0.0 0.9 0.0 11 

ORHA20 

OR-HA20-1-E0-F-0k-T3 

E0 

0.027 0.199 0.019 237.2 0.003 0.025 0.026 0.3 0.1 0.2 

12 OR-HA20-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.024 0.173 0.014 328.1 0.004 0.020 0.021 0.3 0.1 0.1 13 OR-HA20-1-E20-F-0k-T5 

E20 

0.023 0.140 0.023 327.3 0.004 0.019 0.023 0.3 1.6 0.0 

14 OR-HA20-1-E20-F-0k-T6 0.021 0.137 0.016 334.7 0.003 0.017 0.021 0.3 1.5 0.0 
 A- 2 TABLE A-2. 2007 HONDA ACCORD EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 50k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX 

CO2 CH4 NMHC EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORHA00 OR-HA00-1-E0-F-50k-T1 E0 0.044 0.183 0.023 334.3 0.004 0.040 0.043 0.5 0.2 0.0 2 OR-HA00-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.046 0.176 0.026 336.8 0.004 0.041 0.043 0.4 0.0 0.0 3 ORHA10B OR-HA10B-1-E0-F-50k-T1 E0 0.041 0.359 0.022 322.4 0.005 0.036 0.038 0.7 0.0 0.0 4 OR-HA10B-1-E0-F-50k-T4 0.026 0.217 0.016 323.9 0.004 0.022 0.023 0.5 0.1 0.0 5 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-50k-T1 E10 0.026 0.191 0.019 318.2 0.004 0.022 0.024 0.2 0.6 0.0 6 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-50k-T2 0.029 0.206 0.029 321.9 0.004 0.025 0.028 0.7 0.6 0.2 7 

ORHA15 

OR-HA15-1-E0-F-50k-T1 

E0 

0.026 0.191 0.016 336.3 0.003 0.022 0.024 0.1 0.0 0.0 

8 OR-HA15-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.033 0.185 0.021 339.8 0.003 0.029 0.031 0.5 0.1 0.0 9 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-50k-T1 

E15 

0.037 0.173 0.022 324.7 0.003 0.034 0.040 0.3 1.7 0.0 

10 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-50k-T2 0.028 0.134 0.025 333.6 0.003 0.026 0.030 0.2 1.2 0.0 11 

ORHA20 

OR-HA20-1-E0-F-50k-T1 

E0 

0.032 0.243 0.020 333.0 0.004 0.028 0.029 0.5 0.1 0.0 

12 OR-HA20-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.028 0.186 0.023 334.1 0.004 0.023 0.025 0.2 0.1 0.1 13 OR-HA20-1-E20-F-50k-T2 

E20 

0.026 0.124 0.025 321.2 0.003 0.022 0.026 0.4 1.5 0.0 

14 OR-HA20-1-E20-F-50k-T3 0.026 0.154 0.023 328.5 0.004 0.022 0.026 0.2 1.3 0.0 
 A- 3 TABLE A-3. 2007 HONDA ACCORD EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 120k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite E

THC CO NOX CO2 CH4 NMHC 

EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propa

1 ORHA00 OR-HA00-1-E0-F-120k-T1 E0 0.038 0.242 0.019 325.3 0.004 0.035 0.036 0.2 0.1 0.0 2 OR-HA00-1-E0-F-120k-T3 0.062 0.212 0.032 331.0 0.004 0.058 0.061 0.5 0.2 0.0 3 ORHA10B OR-HA10B-1-E0-F-120k-T4 E0 0.039 0.292 0.027 335.2 0.006 0.033 0.035 0.4 0.1 0.0 4 OR-HA10B-1-E0-F-120k-T5 0.037 0.304 0.025 330.4 0.005 0.032 0.034 0.4 0.1 0.0 5 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-120k-T1 E10 0.029 0.185 0.027 319.1 0.004 0.024 0.028 0.3 1.0 0.0 6 OR-HA10B-1-E10-F-120k-T2 0.028 0.178 0.026 322.3 0.005 0.023 0.025 0.0 0.7 0.7 

ORHA15 

OR-HA15-1-E0-F-120k-T1 

E0 

0.034 0.305 0.019 331.3 0.003 0.031 0.034 0.4 0.2 0.2 

8 OR-HA15-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.012 0.184 0.013 332.8 0.001 0.010 0.012 0.7 0.1 0.0 9 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-120k-T1 

E15 

0.020 0.152 0.026 324.7 0.003 0.016 a a 1.1 0.0 

10 OR-HA15-1-E15-F-120k-T2 0.020 0.102 0.022 320.0 0.003 0.016 0.019 0.0 0.3 0.11 

ORHA20 

OR-HA20-1-E0-F-120k-T4 

E0 

0.034 0.260 0.022 325.7 0.004 0.030 0.031 0.0 0.0 0.

12 OR-HA20-1-E0-F-120k-T5 0.035 0.272 0.022 323.8 0.005 0.030 0.033 0.4 0.2 0.13 OR-HA20-1-E20-F-120k-T1 

E20 

0.014 0.104 0.014 328.1 0.003 0.010 0.016 0.3 1.9 0.0 

14 OR-HA20-1-E20-F-120k-T2 0.027 0.176 0.024 328.7 0.004 0.022 0.028 0.9 1.6 0.0 

a Methanol outlier, affected NMOG calculation 
 A- 4 TABLE A-4. 2006 CHEVROLET SILVERADO EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 0k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO2 CH4 NMHC 

EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORCS00 OR-CS00-1-E0-F-0k-T2 E0 0.057 0.640 0.028 569.8 0.011 0.046 0.047 0.3 0.1 0.0 2 OR-CS00-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.050 0.561 0.026 571.8 0.009 0.040 0.042 0.4 0.1 0.2 3 ORCS10 OR-CS10-1-E0-F-0k-T2 E0 0.061 0.898 0.021 575.5 0.014 0.046 0.049 0.3 0.1 0.6 4 OR-CS10-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.055 0.723 0.024 577.6 0.013 0.041 0.045 0.5 0.1 0.6 5 OR-CS10-1-E10-F-0k-T3 E10 0.051 0.703 0.025 566.0 0.012 0.037 0.041 0.2 1.4 0.0 6 OR-CS10-1-E10-F-0k-T4 0.053 0.790 0.028 557.7 0.013 0.039 0.043 0.4 1.4 0.0 7 

ORCS15 

OR-CS15-1-E0-F-0k-T1 

E0 

0.060 0.871 0.019 553.1 0.013 0.047 0.050 0.2 0.5 0.0 

8 OR-CS15-1-E0-F-0k-T2 0.060 0.819 0.022 554.8 0.013 0.047 0.049 0.4 0.1 0.1 9 OR-CS15-1-E15-F-0k-T3 

E15 

0.054 0.792 0.026 552.8 0.012 0.041 0.048 0.2 2.8 0.0 

10 OR-CS15-1-E15-F-0k-T4 0.051 0.730 0.028 552.4 0.013 0.036 0.043 0.3 2.2 0.0 11 

ORCS20 

OR-CS20-1-E0-F-0k-T1 

E0 

0.067 0.919 0.024 554.9 0.013 0.053 0.057 0.1 0.0 0.0 

12 OR-CS20-1-E0-F-0k-T2 0.066 0.905 0.022 558.7 0.008 0.060 0.062 0.5 0.3 0.0 13 OR-CS20-1-E20-F-0k-T3 

E20 

0.055 0.854 0.023 551.6 0.012 0.042 0.051 0.2 3.4 0.0 

14 OR-CS20-1-E20-F-0k-T4 0.053 0.837 0.023 549.6 0.013 0.038 0.047 0.5 3.1 0.1 
 A- 5 TABLE A-5. 2006 CHEVROLET SILVERADO EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 50k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO2 CH4 NMHC 

EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORCS00 OR-CS00-1-E0-F-50k-T1 E0 0.085 0.613 0.051 547.8 0.022 0.062 0.066 1.5 0.2 0.2 2 OR-CS00-1-E0-F-50k-T4 0.071 0.737 0.042 542.7 0.015 0.054 0.058 1.0 0.3 0.6 3 ORCS10 OR-CS10-1-E0-F-50k-T1 E0 0.043 0.673 0.025 537.6 0.013 0.029 0.034 2.2 1.1 0.2 4 OR-CS10-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.033 0.605 0.020 543.4 0.012 0.020 0.023 0.4 0.1 0.3 5 OR-CS10-1-E10-F-50k-T1 E10 0.079 0.911 0.048 550.4 0.021 0.056 0.064 1.2 2.7 0.1 6 OR-CS10-1-E10-F-50k-T3 0.070 0.736 0.044 549.6 0.021 0.047 0.058 1.5 4.5 0.0 7 

ORCS15 

OR-CS15-1-E0-F-50k-T1 

E0 

0.045 0.653 0.020 526.8 0.014 0.031 0.034 1.4 0.0 0.3 

8 OR-CS15-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.049 0.694 0.025 530.3 0.014 0.034 0.036 0.3 0.1 0.0 9 OR-CS15-1-E15-F-50k-T1 

E15 

0.086 0.851 0.046 538.9 0.022 0.062 0.077 0.7 6.3 0.0 

10 OR-CS15-1-E15-F-50k-T3 0.060 0.742 0.035 540.2 0.017 0.041 0.050 0.5 3.4 0.0 11 

ORCS20 

OR-CS20-1-E0-F-50k-T3 

E0 

0.040 0.507 0.022 532.2 0.015 0.024 0.027 0.0 0.1 0.7 

12 OR-CS20-1-E0-F-50k-T4 0.037 0.462 0.022 524.3 0.012 0.024 0.032 6.3 0.0 0.7 13 OR-CS20-1-E20-F-50k-T1 

E20 

0.081 0.538 0.036 542.4 0.022 0.056 0.073 2.8 6.9 0.1 

14 OR-CS20-1-E20-F-50k-T2 0.079 0.547 0.037 541.7 0.022 0.055 0.068 0.5 5.5 0.0 
 A- 6 TABLE A-6. 2006 CHEVROLET SILVERADO EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 120k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO 

2 CH4 NMHC EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORCS00 OR-CS00-1-E0-F-120k-T3 E0 0.063 0.524 0.023 551.1 0.018 0.044 0.045 0.3 0.0 0.0 2 OR-CS00-1-E0-F-120k-T4 0.068 0.563 0.040 551.2 0.018 0.049 0.051 0.3 0.1 0.0 3 ORCS10 OR-CS10-1-E0-F-120k-T1 E0 0.067 0.721 0.043 551.6 0.016 0.050 0.053 0.3 0.1 0.0 4 OR-CS10-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.075 0.902 0.049 564.7 0.018 0.058 0.060 0.5 0.1 0.0 5 OR-CS10-1-E10-F-120k-T2 E10 0.076 0.752 0.040 564.5 0.020 0.054 0.062 0.5 2.9 0.0 6 OR-CS10-1-E10-F-120k-T3 0.077 0.796 0.045 560.4 0.020 0.054 0.063 0.4 2.7 0.0 7 

ORCS15 

OR-CS15-1-E0-F-120k-T1 

E0 

0.093 1.092 0.035 558.5 0.024 0.067 0.070 0.4 0.2 0.0 

8 OR-CS15-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.084 0.893 0.038 552.4 0.025 0.057 0.059 0.0 0.2 0.1 9 OR-CS15-1-E15-F-120k-T1 

E15 

0.072 0.755 0.033 543.4 0.021 0.049 0.059 0.4 3.5 0.0 

10 OR-CS15-1-E15-F-120k-T2 0.073 0.759 0.037 547.6 0.022 0.049 0.060 0.5 3.6 0.0 11 

ORCS20 

OR-CS20-1-E0-F-120k-T1 

E0 

0.092 0.861 0.045 549.8 0.025 0.066 0.068 0.5 0.3 0.0 

12 OR-CS20-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.090 0.811 0.054 563.2 0.024 0.065 0.067 0.3 0.0 0.0 13 OR-CS20-1-E20-F-120k-T1 

E20 

0.060 0.641 0.039 543.7 0.017 0.042 0.052 0.4 3.7 0.0 

14 OR-CS20-1-E20-F-120k-T2 0.064 0.644 0.038 537.3 0.018 0.043 0.055 0.4 4.3 0.0 
 A- 7 TABLE A-7. 2008 NISSAN ALTIMA EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 0k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO2 CH4 NMHC 

EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORNA00 OR-NA00-1-E0-F-0k-T2 E0 0.073 0.497 0.032 309.4 0.006 0.067 0.068 0.2 0.1 0.0 2 OR-NA00-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.068 0.425 0.029 311.9 0.006 0.061 0.062 0.2 0.0 0.0 3 ORNA10 OR-NA10-1-E0-F-0k-T3 E0 0.056 0.343 0.023 316.1 0.003 0.053 0.054 0.3 0.0 0.0 4 OR-NA10-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.058 0.404 0.025 314.1 0.006 0.052 0.053 0.2 0.0 0.0 5 OR-NA10-1-E10-F-0k-T1 E10 0.059 0.393 0.023 313.3 0.000 0.058 0.063 0.4 1.9 0.0 6 OR-NA10-1-E10-F-0k-T5 0.060 0.345 0.033 318.1 0.005 0.055 0.060 0.3 2.1 0.0 7 

ORNA15 

OR-NA15-1-E0-F-0k-T1 

E0 

0.059 0.392 0.025 317.2 0.006 0.053 0.054 0.2 0.0 0.0 

8 OR-NA15-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.059 0.428 0.031 316.6 0.006 0.053 0.054 0.2 0.0 0.0 9 OR-NA15-1-E15-F-0k-T1 

E15 

0.042 0.325 0.022 314.0 0.005 0.037 0.042 0.3 2.3 0.0 

10 OR-NA15-1-E15-F-0k-T2 0.057 0.429 0.023 308.5 0.006 0.050 0.056 0.6 2.4 0.0 11 

ORNA20 

OR-NA20-1-E0-F-0k-T3 

E0 

0.061 0.382 0.022 319.4 0.005 0.057 0.058 0.3 0.1 0.0 

12 OR-NA20-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.065 0.393 0.027 319.8 0.006 0.059 0.060 0.2 0.0 0.0 13 OR-NA20-1-E20-F-0k-T1 

E20 

0.045 0.307 0.022 308.1 0.000 0.045 0.052 0.2 3.2 0.0 

14 OR-NA20-1-E20-F-0k-T2 0.055 0.322 0.029 306.9 0.005 0.050 0.059 0.2 4.5 0.0 

a Fuel economy data under review 
 A- 8 TABLE A-8. 2008 NISSAN ALTIMA EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 50k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO 

2 CH4 NMHC EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORNA00 OR-NA00-1-E0-F-50k-T1 E0 0.072 0.557 0.049 323.6 0.006 0.066 0.068 0.4 0.0 0.1 2 OR-NA00-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.068 0.589 0.052 320.6 0.007 0.060 0.062 0.3 0.0 0.0 3 ORNA10 OR-NA10-1-E0-F-50k-T2 E0 0.032 0.253 0.030 305.5 0.005 0.027 0.029 0.0 0.2 0.3 4 OR-NA10-1-E0-F-50k-T3 0.042 0.203 0.035 305.6 0.005 0.038 0.039 0.6 0.1 0.1 5 OR-NA10-1-E10-F-50k-T1 E10 0.061 0.482 0.040 316.4 0.007 0.053 a a 2.1 0.1 6 OR-NA10-1-E10-F-50k-T2 0.062 0.500 0.053 311.2 0.007 0.055 a a 2.4 0.1 7 

ORNA15 

OR-NA15-1-E0-F-50k-T1 

E0 

0.060 0.557 0.041 316.4 0.006 0.053 0.055 0.1 0.2 0.0 

8 OR-NA15-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.067 0.227 0.041 314.3 0.006 0.061 0.063 0.2 0.3 0.0 9 OR-NA15-1-E15-F-50k-T1 

E15 

0.071 0.214 0.052 316.6 0.007 0.063 0.072 0.3 4.1 0.0 

10 OR-NA15-1-E15-F-50k-T3 0.051 0.215 0.037 324.2 0.005 0.045 0.052 0.2 2.9 0.0 11 

ORNA20 

OR-NA20-1-E0-F-50k-T1 

E0 

0.052 0.488 0.034 321.7 0.006 0.046 0.047 0.1 0.0 0.0 

12 OR-NA20-1-E0-F-50k-T3 0.052 0.537 0.038 313.3 0.006 0.046 0.047 0.0 0.1 0.0 13 OR-NA20-1-E20-F-50k-T1 

E20 

0.063 0.213 0.048 313.1 0.007 0.055 0.065 0.3 4.3 0.0 

14 OR-NA20-1-E20-F-50k-T2 0.062 0.241 0.051 320.1 0.007 0.054 0.063 0.2 4.0 0.0 

a Methanol outliers, affected NMOG calculation 
 A- 9 TABLE A-9. 2008 NISSAN ALTIMA EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 120k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi C-

Ec

THC CO NOX CO 

2 CH4 NMHC EPA NMOG 1 ORNA00 OR-NA00-1-E0-F-120k-T1 E0 0.170 3.585 0.061 328.6 0.025 0.144 

2 OR-NA00-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.155 3.102 0.068 325.4 0.022 0.131 3 OR-NA00-1-E0-F-120k-T3 0.140 2.839 0.071 317.7 0.021 0.118 4 ORNA10 OR-NA10-1-E0-F-120k E0 Tests to be Scheduled 5 OR-NA10-1-E0-F-120k 6 OR-NA10-1-E10-F-120k-T1 E10 0.072 0.547 0.054 315.6 0.008 0.063 7 OR-NA10-1-E10-F-120k-T2 0.074 0.566 0.063 315.6 0.009 0.065 8 

ORNA15 

OR-NA15-1-E0-F-120k 

E0 Tests to be Scheduled 

9 OR-NA15-1-E0-F-120k 

10 OR-NA15-1-E15-F-120k-T1 

E15 

0.060 0.602 0.053 315.0 0.010 0.049 

11 OR-NA15-1-E15-F-120k-T2 0.056 0.646 0.053 318.8 0.009 0.046 12 

ORNA20 

OR-NA20-1-E0-F-120k-T1 

E0 

0.068 0.549 0.046 313.2 0.008 0.059 

13 OR-NA20-1-E0-F-120k-T2 0.069 0.565 0.042 315.5 0.006 0.063 14 OR-NA20-1-E20-F-120k-T1 

E20 

0.051 0.470 0.043 309.9 0.008 0.042 

15 OR-NA20-1-E20-F-120k-T2 0.053 0.464 0.041 314.0 0.008 0.045 
 A- 10 TABLE A-10. 2008 FORD TAURUS EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 0k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO 

2 CH4 NMHC EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORFT00 OR-FT00-1-E0-F-0k-T1 E0 0.027 0.517 0.002 441.8 0.004 0.024 0.024 0.2 0.1 0.0 2 OR-FT00-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.030 0.591 0.003 437.2 0.004 0.026 0.029 1.1 0.0 0.7 3 ORFT10 OR-FT10-1-E0-F-0k-T2 E0 0.027 0.303 0.005 431.3 0.003 0.024 0.026 0.0 0.3 0.2 4 OR-FT10-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.021 0.273 0.003 449.3 0.002 0.019 0.020 0.7 0.0 0.0 5 OR-FT10-1-E10-F-0k-T1 E10 0.023 0.271 0.005 448.7 0.003 0.019 0.024 0.3 2.3 0.0 6 OR-FT10-1-E10-F-0k-T2 0.026 0.285 0.003 438.7 0.003 0.023 0.034 1.3 5.7 0.0 7 

ORFT15 

OR-FT15-1-E0-F-0k-T1 

E0 

0.024 0.337 0.003 434.1 0.003 0.022 0.024 0.5 0.1 0.8 

8 OR-FT15-1-E0-F-0k-T2 0.012 0.229 0.001 429.0 0.002 0.010 0.013 0.7 0.0 0.0 9 OR-FT15-1-E15-F-0k-T1 

E15 

0.017 0.303 0.001 422.6 0.003 0.013 0.017 0.0 1.6 0.0 

10 OR-FT15-1-E15-F-0k-T2 0.019 0.297 0.002 425.6 0.003 0.015 0.021 0.8 2.1 0.1 11 

ORFT20 

OR-FT20-1-E0-F-0k-T1 

E0 

0.028 0.509 0.003 439.5 0.004 0.024 0.024 0.3 0.1 0.0 

12 OR-FT20-1-E0-F-0k-T2 0.031 0.518 0.003 437.7 0.004 0.027 0.028 0.4 0.1 0.0 13 OR-FT20-1-E20-F-0k-T1 

E20 

0.025 0.453 0.003 424.5 0.004 0.020 0.028 1.7 2.6 0.3 

14 OR-FT20-1-E20-F-0k-T4 0.021 0.310 0.002 426.8 0.003 0.017 0.024 0.8 2.7 0.0 
 A- 11 TABLE A-11. 2008 FORD TAURUS EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 50k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO 

2 CH4 NMHC EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORFT00 OR-FT00-1-E0-F-50k-T1 E0 0.028 0.398 0.006 441.6 0.008 0.021 0.021 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 OR-FT00-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.028 0.406 0.006 429.7 0.008 0.019 0.020 0.0 0.1 0.0 3 ORFT10 OR-FT10-1-E0-F-50k-T1 E0 0.030 0.294 0.009 438.2 0.006 0.024 0.025 0.0 0.4 0.0 4 OR-FT10-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.030 0.380 0.006 438.7 0.008 0.021 0.022 0.2 0.1 0.0 5 OR-FT10-1-E10-F-50k-T1 E10 0.032 0.717 0.020 429.7 0.007 0.025 0.029 0.5 1.9 0.0 6 OR-FT10-1-E10-F-50k-T2 0.031 0.488 0.008 431.7 0.008 0.022 0.026 0.3 1.5 0.0 7 OR-FT10-1-E10-F-50k-T3 0.023 0.285 0.005 417.4 0.007 0.015 0.018 0.2 1.1 0.0 8 

ORFT15 

OR-FT15-1-E0-F-50k-T1 

E0 

0.027 0.371 0.006 433.7 0.007 0.020 0.021 0.0 0.2 0.0 

9 OR-FT15-1-E0-F-50k-T2 0.024 0.292 0.005 426.0 0.009 0.016 0.018 1.9 0.3 0.1 

10 OR-FT15-1-E15-F-50k-T1 

E15 

0.027 0.370 0.014 429.9 0.011 0.015 0.018 0.0 0.8 0.0 

11 OR-FT15-1-E15-F-50k-T2 0.028 0.409 0.021 426.0 0.011 0.016 0.018 0.0 0.8 0.0 12 

ORFT20 

OR-FT20-1-E0-F-50k-T1 

E0 

0.029 0.372 0.010 423.2 0.006 0.022 0.023 0.4 0.2 0.0 

13 OR-FT20-1-E0-F-50k-T4 0.034 0.374 0.008 433.4 0.008 0.026 0.027 0.0 0.5 0.0 14 OR-FT20-1-E20-F-50k-T1 

E20 

0.031 0.382 0.012 424.3 0.008 0.022 0.034 0.7 5.9 0.0 

15 OR-FT20-1-E20-F-50k-T2 0.033 0.450 0.010 421.3 0.008 0.024 0.035 0.3 5.5 0.0 
 A- 12 TABLE A-12 2007 DODGE CARAVAN EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 0k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO2 CH4 NMHC 

EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORDC00 OR-DC00-1-E0-F-0k-T3 E0 0.045 1.415 0.037 447.9 0.007 0.038 0.039 0.0 0.1 0.0 2 OR-DC00-1-E0-F-0k-T5 0.057 1.796 0.066 450.9 0.009 0.048 0.051 0.0 0.3 0.4 3 ORDC10 OR-DC10-1-E0-F-0k-T4 E0 0.049 0.974 0.025 459.4 0.007 0.042 0.044 0.2 0.1 0.0 4 OR-DC10-1-E0-F-0k-T5 0.056 1.241 0.026 456.2 0.009 0.047 0.048 0.0 0.0 0.1 5 OR-DC10-1-E10-F-0k-T5 E10 0.038 1.013 0.021 455.3 0.006 0.031 0.033 0.0 0.0 0.0 6 OR-DC10-1-E10-F-0k-T6 0.058 1.172 0.032 453.7 0.007 0.050 0.058 0.0 2.9 0.4 7 

ORDC15 

OR-DC15-1-E0-F-0k-T4 

E0 

0.036 0.856 0.025 460.8 0.005 0.031 0.032 0.0 0.3 0.0 

8 OR-DC15-1-E0-F-0k-T5 0.045 1.046 0.032 469.1 0.008 0.037 0.038 0.0 0.4 0.0 9 OR-DC15-1-E15-F-0k-T4 

E15 

0.037 0.995 0.025 461.8 0.006 0.030 0.036 0.0 2.2 0.1 

10 OR-DC15-1-E15-F-0k-T5 0.048 1.319 0.023 462.3 0.006 0.041 0.051 0.0 4.7 0.1 11 

ORDC20 

OR-DC20B-1-E0-F-0k-T1 

E0 

0.053 0.890 0.020 462.1 0.007 0.047 0.049 0.8 0.1 0.0 

12 OR-DC20B-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.056 0.930 0.030 457.8 0.007 0.049 0.052 0.6 0.9 0.0 13 OR-DC20B-1-E20-F-0k-T2 

E20 

0.053 1.090 0.041 455.5 0.011 0.041 0.054 1.2 4.5 0.2 

14 OR-DC20B-1-E20-F-0k-T5 0.056 1.055 0.038 456.8 0.009 0.046 0.063 0.6 8.2 0.0 15 OR-DC20B-1-E20-F-0k-T6 0.054 1.082 0.037 451.1 0.009 0.044 0.058 0.0 6.8 0.0 
 A- 13 TABLE A-13. 2007 CHEVROLET COBALT EMISSIONS TESTS Service Accumulation Level: 0k Miles Test Ref. Vehicle No. Test No. Fuel FTP Composite Emissions, g/mi FTP Composite Em

THC CO NOX CO2 CH4 NMHC 

EPA NMOG Methanol Ethanol 2- Propano

1 ORCC00 OR-CC00-1-E0-F-0k-T2 E0 0.047 0.613 0.032 327.4 0.005 0.041 0.041 0.3 0.0 0.0 2 OR-CC00-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.041 0.620 0.038 331.4 0.006 0.035 0.036 0.1 0.0 0.0 7 ORCC15 OR-CC15-1-E0-F-0k-T2 E0 0.051 0.543 0.021 323.4 0.005 0.045 0.046 0.3 0.0 0.0 8 OR-CC15-1-E0-F-0k-T3 0.042 0.525 0.032 321.7 0.005 0.037 0.038 0.5 0.1 0.0 9 OR-CC15-1-E15-F-0k-T2 E15 0.042 0.465 0.026 317.2 0.005 0.037 0.044 0.0 3.6 0.0 

10 OR-CC15-1-E15-F-0k-T3 0.040 0.507 0.028 315.5 0.005 0.034 0.040 0.0 2.6 0.0 11 

ORCC20 

OR-CC20-1-E0-F-0k-T2 

E0 

0.044 0.432 0.028 314.3 0.005 0.039 0.040 0.3 0.0 0.3 

12 OR-CC20-1-E0-F-0k-T4 0.043 0.441 0.026 314.4 0.005 0.037 0.038 0.2 0.1 0.0 13 OR-CC20-1-E0-F-0k-T5 0.043 0.510 0.019 314.3 0.004 0.038 0.038 0.0 0.2 0.0 14 OR-CC20-1-E20-F-0k-T1 

E20 

0.029 0.332 0.042 310.2 0.004 0.024 0.030 0.0 2.2 0.0 

15 OR-CC20-1-E20-F-0k-T2 0.040 0.482 0.054 316.0 0.006 0.034 0.043 0.0 4.6 0.0 16 OR-CC20-1-E20-F-0k-T3 0.039 0.423 0.043 313.1 0.005 0.033 a 0.0 a 0.0 

a Methanol outliers, affected NMOG calculation 
APPENDIX B 

VEHICLE CHECK-IN INFORMATION 

2007 Dodge Calibers 

2006 Nissan Quests 

2002 Nissan Frontiers 
B-1 

TABLE B-1. DODGE CALIBER SPECIFICATIONS – CHECK-IN 

ORCA0 ORCA15 ORCA20

Vehicle make Dodge Dodge Dodge

Vehicle model Caliber Caliber Caliber

Model year 2007 2007 2007

VIN 1B3HB48B47D225987 1B3HB48B67D563987 1B3HB48B57D154427

Tire size (wheel size) P215/60R17 P215/60R17 P215/60R17

Tire manufacturer Continental & Firestone Affinity & Firestone Nexen

Tire pressure specification 32 psi 32 psi 32 psi

Steel or alloy wheels Alloy Alloy Steel

Odometer 41126 48037 40459

Engine code (Engine family) 7CRXB02.4MES 7CRXB02.4MES 7CRXB02.4MES

Engine evap code 7CRXR0112GHA 7CRXR0112GHA 7CRXR0112GHA

Engine displacement and 

configuration 2.0L/4 cyl 2.0L/4 cyl 2.0L/4 CYL

Climate control/ std air cond. Std Std Std

Head lamps (std. Or Xenon) Std Std Std

State insp. Expiration date None August-10 None

License plate expiration date None February-10 None

Is there a license plate in front 

and rear? No Yes Yes

License Plate Number N/A 981 NCG 662 RHZ

Transmission Auto/CVT Auto/CVT Auto/CVT

Two-wheel or four wheel drive 2wd 2wd 2wd

Axle Ratio

Axle – Open carrier or limited 

slip Open Carrier Open Carrier Open Carrier

Calibration ID #1 68000107AF 05033359AJ 68000107AC

Calibration Version #1 E8706265 4CF51434 6FADC869

Calibration ID #2 05094620AI030000 05094620AG030000 05094620AG030000
B-2 

TABLE B-2. DODGE CALIBER SPECIFICATIONS – AFTER SETUP 

ORCA0 ORCA15 ORCA20

Vehicle make Dodge Dodge Dodge

Vehicle model Caliber Caliber Caliber

Model year 2007 2007 2007

VIN 1B3HB48B47D225987 1B3HB48B67D563987 1B3HB48B57D154427

Tire size (wheel size) P215/60R17 P215/60R17 P215/60R17

Tire manufacturer

Em. - Continental 

Mileage - Firestone

Em. - Firestone 

Mileage - Firestone

Em. - Continental 

Mileage - Firestone

Tire pressure specification 32 psi 32 psi 32 psi

Steel or alloy wheels Alloy Alloy Steel

Odometer 41126 48037 40459

Engine code (Engine family) 7CRXB02.4MES 7CRXB02.4MES 7CRXB02.4MES

Engine evap code 7CRXR0112GHA 7CRXR0112GHA 7CRXR0112GHA

Engine displacement and 

configuration 2.0L/4 cyl 2.0L/4 cyl 2.0L/4 CYL

Climate control/ std air cond. Std Std Std

Head lamps (std. Or Xenon) Std Std Std

State insp. Expiration date None August-10 None

License plate expiration date None February-10 None

Is there a license plate in front 

and rear? No Yes Yes

License Plate Number N/A 981 NCG 662 RHZ

Transmission Auto/CVT Auto/CVT Auto/CVT

Two-wheel or four wheel drive 2wd 2wd 2wd

Axle Ratio

Axle – Open carrier or limited 

slip Open Carrier Open Carrier Open Carrier

Calibration ID #1 68000107AK 68000107AK 68000107AK

Calibration Version #1 3FB68F87 3FB68F87 3FB68F87

Calibration ID #2 05094620AI030000 05094620AG030000 05094620AG030000
B-3 

TABLE B-3. NISSAN QUEST SPECIFICATIONS – CHECK-IN 

ORNQ0 ORNQ15 ORNQ20

Vehicle make Nissan Nissan Nissan

Vehicle model Quest Quest Quest

Model year 2006 2006 2006

VIN 5N1BV28U26N114117 5N1BV28U16N124511

Tire size (wheel size) P225/65R16 P225/65R16

Tire manufacturer Goodyear General & Goodyear

Tire pressure specification 35 psi 35 psi

Steel or alloy wheels Alloy Alloy

Odometer 56612 49447

Engine code (Engine family) 6NSXT03.5G7B 6NSXT03.5G7B

Engine evap code 6NSXR0120PBB 6NSXR0120PBB

Engine displacement and 

configuration 3.5L / V6 3.5L / V6

Climate control/ std air cond. Std Std

Head lamps (std. Or Xenon) Std Std

State insp. Expiration date None None

License plate expiration date None None

Is there a license plate in front 

and rear? No No

License Plate Number None None

Transmission Auto Auto

Two-wheel or four wheel drive 2wd 2wd

Axle Ratio

Axle – Open carrier or limited 

slip Open Carrier Open Carrier

Calibration ID #1 1ZM01A 1ZM01B

Calibration Version #1 0E7E1F27 0E44658F

Calibration ID #2 100010 100010

Calibration Version #2 000008CD 000008CD

Record existing PCM codes None None

Clear codes with approval of 

project manager.

Exhaust Aftertreatment - 

Number of catalytic converters

2 warmup and 1 under 

floor

2 warmup and 1 under 

floor

With vehicle at idle place red rag 

over the end of the tailpipe and 

look for exhaust leaks None None
B-4 

TABLE B-4. NISSAN FRONTIER SPECIFICATIONS – CHECK-IN 

ORNF0 ORNF15

Vehicle make Nissan Nissan

Vehicle model Frontier Frontier

Model year 2002 2002

VIN 1N6DD26S42C344018 1N6DD26S02C389876

Tire size (wheel size) P225/75R15 P225/75R15

Tire manufacturer Kumho & Falken Cooper & Performance

Tire pressure specification 30 psi 30 psi

Steel or alloy wheels Allloy Allloy

Odometer 9065 94498

Engine code (Engine family) 2NSXT02.4C4B 2NSXT02.4C4B

Engine evap code 2NSXR0110RCC 2NSXR0110RCC

Engine displacement and 

configuration 2.4L / 4 CYL 2.4L / 4 CYL

Climate control/ std air cond. Std Std

Head lamps (std. Or Xenon) Std Std

State insp. Expiration date Nov-2010 Aug-2010

License plate expiration date None None

Is there a license plate in front 

and rear? No No

License Plate Number None None

Transmission Auto Auto

Two-wheel or four wheel drive 2wd 2wd
APPENDIX C 

OIL CONSUMPTION HISTORY 

2007 Dodge Caravans 

2007 Chevrolet Cobalts 

2008 Ford Tauruses 
 C- 1 

FIGURE C-1. DODGE CARAVAN OIL CONSUMPTION 

0123456789

10

11

12131415

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 

Total Oil Consumption (lbs.) 

Test Miles

Dodge Caravan Oil Consumption

ORDC0 ORDC10 ORDC15 ORDC20B
 C- 2 

FIGURE C-2. CHEVROLET COBALT OIL CONSUMPTION 

0123456789

10

11

12131415

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 

Total Oil Consumption (lbs.) 

Test Miles

Chevrolet Cobalt Oil Consumption

ORCC0 ORCC15 ORCC20
 C- 3 

FIGURE C-3. FORD TAURUS OIL CONSUMPTION

0123456789

10

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,00

Total Oil Consumption (lbs.) 

Test Miles

Ford Taurus Oil Consumption

ORFT0 ORFT10 ORFT15 ORFT20
APPENDIX D 

Project Review Meeting Minutes 

Meeting date: November 5, 2009 

(Meeting minutes were previously posted to the project ftp web site)
S O U T H W E S T R E S E A R C H I N S T I T U T E ®

6220 CULEBRA ROAD • POST OFFICE DRAWER 28510 • SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78228-0510, USA • WWW.SWRI.ORG 

1 

December 12, 2009 

SUBJECT: Meeting Minutes 

Program E-87-2 

 Catalyst Durability with Ethanol Blends 

 

DATE OF MEETING: 11/05/09 

LOCATION: Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) 

MEETING RECORDER: Brent Shoffner, SwRI bshoffner@swri.org

I. INTRODUCTION 

Martin Heimrich of Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) called the meeting to order at 9:00 AM. 

The list of personnel attending the meeting at SwRI is included in Attachment A. Several people, 

also listed in Attachment A, participated in the meeting via a telephone conference call. The 

agenda is included as Attachment B. The electronic files of the presentations given during the 

meeting, as listed in Table 1, have been uploaded to the dedicated password protected ftp site 

established for this program or are included in the attachments. 

Table 1 - List of Presentations 

Reference 

Number File Name Presenter Location for Reference 

1 020 Oak Ridge Project E-87-2 Emissions 

20091105.ppt 

Martin 

Heimrich ftp site 

2 Oak Ridge Project E-87-2 Fleet Lab 0901105.ppt Brent Shoffner ftp site 

3 040 Veh_Selection_2009_11_03_bw.ppt Brian West ftp site 

4 050 E87 Orban - November 5 2009 Final.pptx John Orban ftp site 

5 e87 ranking.ppt Brian West Attachment E 

II. REPORTS 

A. Light Duty Vehicle Emissions Laboratory Report – Martin Heimrich 

Martin Heimrich gave the presentation entitled “Vehicle Emissions and WOT Testing Overview” 

noted as reference #1 in the Introduction, Section I. This presentation consisted of background 

information regarding the emissions tests conducted for the E-87-2 program. 
2 

B. Automotive Fleet Laboratory Report – Brent Shoffner 

The presentation entitled “Automotive Fleet Laboratory Vehicles, Fuel, & Mileage 

Accumulation” is noted as reference #2 in Table 1. The presentation consisted of a review of the 

vehicle naming convention, the current status of mileage accumulation, progress of vehicle 

procurement, and test fuel status. 

The group discussions centered on the availability of the RE0 mileage accumulation fuel for the 

life of the program. At some time in the near future, most fuel terminals in the U.S. will only 

offer E10, not E0. The current terminal used to procure E0 for the program will have E0 

available until the end of 2009 and probably until mid-January. Another terminal in Louisiana 

will have E0 available through the 1Q 2010. After that time SwRI will search for terminals 

(potentially in the mountain western states) to purchase RE0, which would be used for blending 

RE15 and RE20. Fuel available in higher altitude areas could potentially have octane ratings 

lower than 87. 

As the distance (and freight cost) becomes greater the RE0 could be used only for the RE0 

mileage accumulation and locally available RE10 would be used for the RE15 and RE20 blends. 

Unfortunately this option would add another degree of freedom into the program. Using E0 

“BOB” fuel, which is formulated to mix with ethanol for E10, is a complicated issue and should 

be avoided if at all possible in the program 

The following are action items that resulted from the discussion: 

Action Item 1: Get a per-mile estimate of the fuel transportation cost for procuring E0 fuel from 

terminals at greater distances from SwRI than the current local terminal. 

Brent Shoffner 

An approximate range is $2.00 - $2.50 per mile for a tanker truck with 7,500 gallons of fuel. 

Action Item 2: Determine the term of the project fuel storage. As an example: How much time 

do we have to identify a new E0 fuel supplier, should the existing supplier no longer offer E0 

fuel? 

Brent Shoffner 

In the worst case the fuel in storage would be approximately 8,000 gallons less than the total 

capacity. After a tanker truck had been ordered, E10 was not available at the terminal. In this 

worst case scenario there would be about 80 days of fuel remaining assuming 9 vehicles 

averaging 850 miles per day and 25 mpg. 

The fuel sulfur level of the mileage accumulation fuel was discussed. The question was asked, 

“Should there be an alarm if the sulfur level is found to be above a given level?” 

Coleman Jones suggested a guideline for sulfur based on the project history. 

Action Item3: Analyze the sulfur concentration measured from fuel samples taken from the 

tanker trucks, which delivered E0 fuel for the program. 

Brent Shoffner 

Please refer to Table 2. 
3 

Table 2 – Sulfur Concentration of E0 Fuel Delivered by Tanker Trucks 

Sample 

Number 

Sulfur Concentration 

(PPM)

1 39.7

2 51.1

3 48.4

4 47.8

5 52.3

6 62.2

7 52.3

8 50.1

9 43.6

10 49.1

11 41.9

12 56.9

13 56.1

Average 50.1

Maximum 56.9

Standard 

Deviation 6.23

C. Vehicle Selection – Brian West 

The presentation entitled “Non-Tier 2 Vehicles for V4 / E-87-2” is noted as reference #3 in Table 

1. Brian presented a program time table (shown in Attachment C) and proposed a “way 

forward” for the selection of non-tier 2 vehicles, which is included in Attachment D. The vehicle 

table lists the planned vehicles and candidate vehicles sorted by manufacturer. The 

recommended non-tier 2 vehicles are matched with the comparable tier 2 counterpart already 

identified for the program. The vehicle manufacturers in the table represent approximately 87% 

of the vehicle population. 

It was noted that the original vehicle proposal was to test the most severe vehicles from the E-87-

1 program. The purpose of the E-87-1 program was to develop test methodology and evaluate 

vehicle makes/models for potential vehicle sensitivity to catalyst degradation with intermediate 

ethanol blends. It was stated that the objective of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is 

to evaluate a representative vehicle population. EPA will not consider “low volume” vehicles 

(e.g., <~100K vehicles/engines per year). The E-87-1 vehicle ranking was reviewed and that 

table is given in Attachment E. 

CRC agreed to fund the purchase of the three 2006 Nissan Quest and three 2002 Nissan Frontier 

vehicles. It was stated that the two Chevrolet non-tier 2 vehicle groups (2000 Chevrolet 

Silverado and 2003 Chevrolet Cavalier) are probably not sensitive to intermediate ethanol 

blends, with regards to catalyst deterioration. 
4 

It was recommended that the similar make/model tier 2 and non-tier 2 vehicles be tested in the 

same laboratory. It might also be advantageous to retest a few vehicle groups at the end of the 

program for replicate results. 

The meeting participants came to the following consensus: 

Consensus 1 

Accept the non-tier 2 vehicles (in Attachment D) 

The following non-tier 2 vehicles (from the “Green list vehicles”) will be tested at SwRI in the 

order noted below: 

2002 Nissan Frontier 

2000 Ford Focus 

2002 Dodge Durango 

2000 Honda Accord 

2003 Toyota Camry (contingent on funding and schedule; this vehicle will likely be tested at 

TRC to maintain schedule)

D. Emissions Results – John Orban 

The presentation entitled “Accord and Silverado Preliminary Test Results and Statistical 

Modeling Approach” is noted as reference #4 in Table 1. The presentation included a 

description of the statistical modeling approach and a summary of the final emissions results 

from the Chevrolet Silverado and Honda Accord vehicles. The following emissions FTP-75 

composite results are shown in graphs, which are included in Attachment F. 

Carbon Monoxide 

Oxides of Nitrogen 

Non-methane Hydrocarbons 

Fuel Economy

The PowerPoint® presentation includes additional emissions results.

III. DISCUSSIONS 

Brian West stated that another laboratory had issues with the Jeep Liberty vehicles’ fuel adaption 

following fuel change, preps, and FTP tests. FTP-75 E0 tests that followed E20 WOTs and E0 

fuel prep differed from the FTP E0 test results that followed 4k mileage accumulation on RE0. 

The decision was made to incorporate a lengthy procedure, which included disconnecting the 

battery and re-learning trim values (but only after completing duplicate emissions tests in the 

“abnormal” state). In summary, re-adapting to gasoline appeared to be a real concern for the 

Jeep Liberty. 
5 

Marty Heimrich stated that the fuel changes at SwRI have been thorough and there has been little 

or no evidence of ethanol in the E0 emissions data. SwRI also added a flush on suspect vehicles 

to improve flush effectiveness. 

To improve the strength of the statistics and quality of the data set, the following action item was 

proposed: 

Action Item: 

Conduct a third emissions test when the variation of the first two tests exceeds a repeatability 

threshold. 

Martin Heimrich 

It was stated that a fuel terminal in Big Springs, TX (west of Dallas) might not be converting to 

E10 and it could possibly be a source of E0 for the project. 

The meeting adjourned at 2:00 PM. 
Attachment A 

List of Meeting Attendees
Attendance List 

Name Company 

In 

Attendance 

By 

Telephone 

Brian West ORNL X 

Chris Tennant CRC X 

Coleman Jones GM X 

Mike Viola GM X 

Ken Wright Conoco Phillips X 

Marie Valentine Toyota X 

Brent Bailey CRC X 

King Eng Shell Global Solutions X 

Keith Knoll NREL X 

Charlie Schleyer Exxon X 

James Uihlein Chevron X 

John Orban Battelle X 

Ken Kimura BP X 

Andy Mabutol Mitsubishi X 

Dominic DiCicco Ford X 

Connie Hart EPA X 

Tony Fernandez EPA X 

David Lax API X 

 

Martin Heimrich SwRI X 

Brent Shoffner SwRI X 

Don Hart SwRI X 

Michael Lochte SwRI X 

Ryan Hecox SwRI X 

Terry Westrum SwRI X 
Attachment B 

Meeting Agenda 
V4/E-87-2 Oak Ridge National Laboratory/ CRC Project Meeting 

Agenda 

November 5, 2009 

Engine, Emissions, & Vehicle Research Division 

Southwest Research Institute 

6220 Culebra Road 

San Antonio, TX 78238-5165

Project Engineer/Host: 

Martin J. Heimrich 

Emissions Research and 

 Development 

Department 

Phone: (210) 522-3022 

FAX: (210) 522-3950 

Email: 

mheimrich@swri.org

Directors: 

Jeff J. White Michael D. Lochte

Emissions Research and Fuels and Lubricants

 Development Department Research

Phone: (210) 522-2649 Phone: (210) 522-5430

FAX: (210) 522-3950 FAX: (210) 684-7523

Email: jjwhite@swri.org Email: 

michael.lochte@swri.org

Division Vice President: 

Bruce Bykowski 

Phone: (210) 522-2937 

Fax: (210) 522-3950 

Email: bbykowski@swri.org

Visiting Client Staff: Brian West, ORNL James Uihlein, Chevron Brent Bailey, CRC

 Chris Tennant, CRC Keith Knoll, NREL 

 Coleman Jones, GM Marie Valentine, Toyota 

 David Lax, API (by phone) King Eng, Shell Global Solutions 

 John E. Orban, Battelle Ken Wright, Conoco Phillips 

 Charlie Schleyer, Exxon (by phone) Jeff Jetter, Honda 

Purpose of Visit: V4/E-87-2 Project Review Meeting 

Bldg. 87, Main Conference Room – November 5, 2009, from 8 am to 5 pm 

TENTATIVE AGENDA 

Thursday, November 5, 2009

8:30 -9:00 Arrivals & Introductions ........................................................................................................................... All 

9:00 Opening Remarks ................................................................... Brian West, Marty Heimrich, Brent Shoffner 

 Emissions Test Plan Review ................................................................................................. Marty Heimrich 

 Fleet Test Data Overview ....................................................................................................... Brent Shoffner 

 V4/E-87-2 Program Vehicle Selection ......................................................................................... Brian West 

 FTP Emissions Test Data Overview ..................................................................................... Marty Heimrich 

 Data and Statistical Interpretation................................................................................................. John Orban 

 Alcohols and Aldehydes Measurements ................................................................................. Patrick Merritt 

11:30 Lunch at SwRI Cafeteria .......................................................................................................................... All 

1:00 Discussions ............................................................................................................................................... All 

2:00 Adjourn ..................................................................................................................................................... All 

cc/ B Bykowski, D Barranco, L Cruz, J White, T Davison, C Sharp, K Whitney, S Sampson, E Krueger, K Echtle, 

 S Tondre, D Reeh, L Grant, B Shoffner, K Brunner, M Lochte, Patrick Merritt. 
Attachment C 

Projected Time Table 
Oak Ridge Project E-87-2 Time Table 

CRC-DOE confidential – Do not Cite 

Schedule

Facility # veh

Ne w/ Used Ja n Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Ma r Apr May J

4 2007 Accord Used 35k 85k 120k - - - - 10b*4 2006 Silverado Used 27k 77k 120k4 2008 Altima Used 20k 70k 120k4 2008 Taurus Used 17k 67k 120k4 2007 Caravan Used 45k 95k 120k3 2006 Cobalt Used 50k 95k 120k3 2006 Quest Used 50k 95k 3 2007 Caliber Used 50k 93 2009 Civic New 4k 60k 120k3 2009 Explorer New 4k 60k 120k3 2009 Corolla New 4k 60k 123 2009 Liberty New 4k 60k 123 2005 Tundra Used 50k 95k 3 2006 Impala Used 35k 95k 3 2005 F150 Used 50k 95k 2 2009 Outlo ok New 4k 60k 90k 120k2 2009 Camry New 4k 60k 90k 120k2 2009 Focus New 4k 60k 90k 120k2 2009 Odyssey New 4k 60k 90k 120k

2009 

ETC 

(5000 ft 

El.)

TRC

Yea r and Model

SWRI

• Non-Tier 2 vehicles to start in Spring 2010 at SwRI and TRC• Priority on finishing Tier 2 vehicles per EPA/DOE• Non-Tier 2 vehicles could finish late 2010, early 2011
Attachment D 

Vehicle Selection
CRC-DOE confidential – Do not Cite 

Proposed path forward: 19 Tier 2, 8 “pre-20Non-Tier 2 picks from same mfrs is most defensible mixRegistration database, E-87-1 “Top Ten,” and V1 screening considered in selections

Year Make Model Eng ine site Year M ake Model Engine Cer

2006 Chevrolet Silverado 5.3L V8 SwRI 2000 Chevrolet Silverado 5.3L V8 T 1 

2006 Chevrolet Impala 3.9L V6 TRC2009 Saturn Outlook 3.6L V6 ETC2006 Chevrolet Cobalt 2.2L I4 SwRI 2003 Chevrolet Cavalier 2.2L I4 LEV2008 Ford Taurus 3.5L V6 SwRI 2003 Ford Taurus 3.0L V6 LE2009 Ford Explorer 4.0L V6 TRC2009 Ford Focus 2.0L I4 ETC 2000 Ford Focus 2.0L I4 LEV2005 Ford F150 5.4L V8 TRC2007 Dodge Caravan 3.3L V6 SwRI2007 Dodge Caliber 2.4L I4 SwRI2009 Jeep Liberty 3.7L V6 TRC 2002 Dodge Durango 4.7L V8 T 1, 2005 Toyota Tundra 4.0L V6 TRC2009 Toyota Corolla 1.8L I4 TRC2009 Toyota Camry 2.4L I4 ETC 2003 T oyota Camry 2.4L I4 ULE2007 Honda Accord 2.4L I4 SwRI 2000 Honda Accord 2.3L I4 LEV2009 Honda Civic 1.8L I4 TRC2009 Honda Odyssey 3.5L V6 ETC2008 Nissan Altima 2.5L I4 SwRI 2002 Nissan Frontier 2.4L I4 LEV2006 Nissan Quest 3.5L V6 SwRI

Hon daNissan

T ier 2 non-Tier 2

G M

Ford

Chrysler

Toyota

Black Te xt: Under Test Red Text: Planned / in acquisition

 Green T ext: This Proposal

2.0L I4
Attachment E 

E-87-1 Results – Vehicle Ranking
CRC # Vehicle 

LFT @ 

WOT

Ave rage 

La mbda E20

Power to 

Weight 

Ratio

Aver age E20 Catalyst Inlet Tem peratur e

Delta 

Lam bda E0 -

E20

Delta Catalys

Tem peratur 

E2 0 

6 2 002 Nissan Fron tier No 1 1 1 5 2 3 7 20 01 Hy und ai Accen t No 13 5 1 6 11 

2 5 2 001 Ma zda 626 No 23 7 2 7 1 1 8 20 00 For d Focu s No 3 15 1 0 9 8 

2 3 20 06 Nis san Que st No 5 23 9 1 7 

3 19 99 Fo rd C rown Vic tor ia No 9 16 1 4 4 2 

2 4 20 01 Vo lkswag en Jetta Yes 6 2 6 16 15 

1 20 01 Ch evr olet Tr acke r No 10 8 5 13 9 

2 0 2 002 Dod ge Dura ngo 4WD No 2 14 1 9 5 12 

2 2 20 00 Hond a Acco rd LX No 14 12 1 8 8 5 

1 9 20 03 Fo rd Tau ru s Yes 12 10 8 17 10 1 4 20 06 Chevr olet Coba lt No 4 18 3 10 22 

5 200 3 Niss an Altim a No 20 20 4 11 4 

1 2

200 7 Ch rysler Jee p 

Ru bicon No 7 19 7 3 23 

1 1 1 995 Hon da C ivic No 21 9 2 0 12 6 

2 200 1 Ch evro let M etr o ? 16 3 2 5 14 13 9 1 999 Mits ubish i Mira ge Yes 11 6 2 2 18 20 

4 2 001 Chry sler PT Cr uiser ? 24 11 1 7 15 17 

1 0

20 01 Mitsu bishi M on tero 

Sp ort 4WD Yes 19 4 1 3 24

24

8 20 04 BM W 33 0i Yes 8 25 1 1 22 18 

1 7 20 07 For d Focu s ? 17 17 1 2 23 16 

1 5

200 6 Ch evro let Silver ad o, 

Ext end ed Cab Yes 15 24 1 6 20

21

2 1 20 00 To yota Sie nna Yes 22 13 2 4 19 19 1 6

2 002 Che vrole t Sub urb an, 

4W D Yes 18 21 2 3 21 14 

1 3 20 03 Vo lkswag en Jetta NA 25 22 2 1 25 25 

Revised E-87-1 (Screening Study) Vehicle Rankin

CRC Picks: Non-Tier 2CRC Pick: Tier 2

Cha rt b ase d o n Ta ble 20, “C RC E- 87- 1 Fin al Ra nk Or de r Re sult s “ fro m the E-8 7- 1 Fina l Re por t, with the Reg istr at io n C rite 
Attachment F 

Summary of Honda Accord and Chevrolet Silverado 

 Emissions Test Results
Silverado Accord

0.000.200.400.600.801.001.20

CO(g/mi)

Composite CO

E0 E10 E15 E20

0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 

RE0 RE10 RE15 RE20

ORCS00 ORCS10 ORCS15 ORCS20

Test Fuel

Test MilesRoad FuelVehicle

0.000.050.100.150.200.250.300.350.40

CO(g/mi)

Composite CO

E0 E10 E15 

0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FU

RE0 RE10 RE15 

ORHA0 ORHA10B ORHA15 

Test Fuel

Test MilesRoad FuelVehicle

Ethanol effect (negative) with Accords (no LFT at WOT)
Silverado Accord

0.0000.0100.0200.0300.0400.0500.060

NOx(g/mi)

Composite NOx

E0 E10 E15 E20

0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 

RE0 RE10 RE15 RE20

ORCS00 ORCS10 ORCS15 ORCS20

Test Fuel

Test MilesRoad FuelVehicle

0.0000.0050.0100.0150.0200.0250.0300.035

NOx(g/mi)

Composite NOx

E0 E10 E15 

0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | 

RE0 RE10 RE15 

ORHA0 ORHA10B ORHA

Test Fuel

Test MilesRoad FuelVehicle
Silverado Accord

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.07

NMHC(g/mi)

Composite NMHC

E0 E10 E15 

0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | F

RE0 RE10 RE15 

ORHA0 ORHA10B ORHA1

Test Fuel

Test MilesRoad FuelVehicle

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.08

NMHC(g/mi)

Composite NMHC

E0 E10 E15 E20

0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 

RE0 RE10 RE15 RE20

ORCS00 ORCS10 ORCS15 ORCS20

Test Fuel

Test MilesRoad FuelVehicle

Ethanol effect (negative) with Accords (no LFT at WOT)
Silverado Accord

24.525.025.526.026.527.027.528.0

FuelEconomy(mi/gal)

Composite Fuel Econom

E0 E10 E15 

0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 

RE0 RE10 RE15 

ORHA0 ORHA10B ORHA15 

Test Fuel

Test MilesRoad FuelVehicle

14.515.015.516.016.517.017.5

FuelEconomy(mi/gal)

Composite Fuel Economy

E0 E10 E15 E20

0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 0 | 50 | FUL 

RE0 RE10 RE15 RE20

ORCS00 ORCS10 ORCS15 ORCS20

Test Fuel

Test MilesRoad FuelVehicle

~7% Reduction in Fuel Economy with E20