3/12J2014

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# Site Menu Project Overview Partners Documents/Presentations Water Mixing-Scale Affinity Treatment Overview Treatment Catalog Decision Tool Vendor Catalog Regulatory Information Contact Us All.'s Home Page Produced W8ts' Treatment Catalog Elld DecisiooTool: Shale Gas Produced Warer Trealmenl: Catalog



### Shale Gas Produced Water Treatment Catalog Selecting a suitable watertreatment technology for produced water in the shale gas industry is a complex and dynall'ic consideration that is contingent upon a full understanding of interrelated parameters such as, location, water quality and quantity, costs, and treatment technology capabilities. The Produced Water Treatment Catalog has been designed to help facilitate the treatment technology**~selectionw** process by providing a characterization and assessment of existing and emerging technologies that are either being applied in shale gas arena, or have the capability for application. The catalog also provides information on various water treatment companies who are capable of providing such technologies and in which basin they are active. It is anticipated the information provided will help operators evaluate potential treatment options and even more so, help facilitate the pairing of treatment technologies to their specific water conditions, as well as to their operational needs and approaches.
The modem approach of shale gas production and the associated volume of waterthat Is required and/or generated can present operators with a unique set of operational circumstances and challenges. Furthermore, the composition of produced water is typically low in quality and may require specific treatment considerations before appropriate water management objectives (i.e., re-use, discharge, disposal, etc.) can be implemented. The water treatment technologies detailed in this catalog have been selected because of theirtechnical capabilities to treat produced water that is generated in the shale gas industry. Although, many water treatment technologies are corrrronly applied in other oil & gas industries, many would lack the technical capability to efficiently treat shale gas produced water since in many cases, for example, high TDS concentrations exist. For this reason, the nun-ber of applicable technologies that are capable of efficiently treating produced water generated from the shale gas industry is llrrlted.
In most circumstances, the successful treatment of produced water in the shale gas industry will require the application of a pre-treatment step to remove or reduce corrrron constituents that perpetuate scaling, corrosion, and fouling of equipment. As such, pre-treatment technologies (i.e., carbon filter, flocculation, ion exchange, etc.) are often packaged together with a vendor specific desalination technology that collectively, functions as a multi-technology treatment process. Because operators do not choose pre-treatment technologies for their water treatment needs, but instead rely on the service vendor to apply appropriate pre-treatment steps to efficiently operate their process, pre-treatment technologies were assessed on a llrrlted basis.
The water treatment catalog provides**~Technology** Fact Sheetsw on treatment processes that are being applied In the shale gas Industry such as, thermal evaporation, reverse osmosis and crystallization, as well as ·vendor Profiles• for treatment companies who offer associated proprietary technologies for each treatment category. The Technology Fact Sheets are accessible on the main web page of the Catalog and include process descriptions, capabilities, lill'itations and costs. The Technology Fact Sheets also include a breakdown of treatment companies who offer the technology and to date, in which major shale basins each vendor is currently active. The Vendor Profiles are accessible from associated technoloav fact sheets or from the Vendor http://WoYN.all-llc.can'projeclslproduced_watsr_tool/page.php?14 

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### 3f12fl014 Produced

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