T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by 9th C i r . R . 36- 3. NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T B AS AN T S I DH U an d S AN J E S H S I NG H, P l ai n t i ffs - A p p el l an t s, v. S . G A R C I A , S h e r if

f’s D e p u ty ; e t a l., D efen d an t s - A p p el l ees. N o. 10- 17029 D. C . No . 2 : 0 9 - c v - 0 1 0 9 0 - L KK DA D ME MOR AN DU M *

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e E a s te rn D is tr ic t o f C a lif o rn ia L a w r e nc e K . K a r l t on, S e ni orD i s tr i c tJ udge , P r e s i di ng A r gue d a nd S ubm i tt e d N ove m be r17, 2011

S a n F r a n c is c o , C a lif

o rn ia B efo re: T H O M A S , G O U L D , an d B Y B E E , C i rcu i tJu d g es. B a s a ntS i dhu a nd S a nj e s h S i ngh appe a l the s um m a ry j udgm e nte nt e r e d by th e d is tr ic t c o u rt a g a in s t th e m . W e a f f irm . B e c au s e th e p a rtie s a r e f a m ilia rw ith the hi st ory of the ca se , w e nee d n otre coun ti there . 

# FI LED NO V 22 2011 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS2 I T h e d is tr ic t c o u rt p r o p e r lyg r a n te d s u m m a ry ju d g m e n t o n th e F o u rth A m e n d m e n t c la im s , c o rr e c tlyc o n c lu d in g th a t th e d e f e n d a n ts w e r e e n title d to qu al i fi ed i m m un i ty. In order t o d et erm i ne i f qual i fi ed i m m un i ty app l i es , a tw o-part i nq ui ryshou l d b e c on du ct ed: (1) di d an o ff i ce r’ s c on du ctvi ol at e aconst i tut i on al r i ght ; a nd ( 2) w a s the r i ghtw hi c h w a s vi ol a t e d c l e a r l y e s t abl i s he d a tthe t i m e of the v io la tio n . Espi no sa v. C i t y & C t y. of Sa n Francisc o , 59 8 F . 3d 52 8, 53 2 (9th C i r. 2 0 1 0 ) . I f

a n o f f ic e rd id n o t v io la te ac o n s titu tio n a l r ig h t, th e n th a t o f f ic e ris e n title d to q u a lif

ie d im m u n ity . I

d. In th i s case, th e d i stri ctco u rtco rrect l y d et erm i n ed th atth e p l ai n t i ffs’ c ons t i tut i ona l r i ght s w e r e notvi ol a t e d. T he w a rr a nt l e s s s e a r c h w a s j us t i f i e d by the e m e r ge nc y e xc e pt i on t o the F ourth A m e ndm e nt . T he e m e r ge nc y e xc e pt i on i s a n e x t e n s i o n o f

“ p o l i c e o f

f i c e r s ’ c o m m u n i ty c a r e t a k i n g f u n c t i o n ” b e c au s e i ta l l o ws o f f ic e r s to r e s p o n d to “e m e r g e n c y s itu a tio n s th a t th r e a te n lif e o rlim b ” in atim e ly m a n n e r . H

opki ns v . B onv i c i no , 5 7 3 F .3 d 7 5 2 , 7 6 3 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 9 ) . T o d e te rm in e if th e e m e r g e n c y e x c e p tio n ap p lie s , th is c o u rt m a k e s af a c t- s p e c if

ic in q u iry a s to w hether: “ (1) c on si deri ng the t ot al i ty of the ci rc um st ance s, l aw enforce m enthad an o b je c tiv e lyr e a s o n ab le b a s is f o rc o n c lu d in g th a t th e r e w a s a n im m e d ia te n e e d to pr ot e c tothe r s orthe m s e l ve s f r om s e r i ous ha rm ; a nd ( 2) the s e a r c h’ s s c ope a nd3

m anner w er e r ea sonabl e t o m ee tthe need. ” U n ite d S ta te s v . Sn ip e, 515 F . 3d 947, 9 5 2 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 8 ) . H e r e , the de put i e s ha d a n obj e c t i ve l y r e a s onabl e ba s i s f orc onc l udi ng S in g h ’s s p o u s e w a s in im m in e n t n e e d o f th e ira s s is ta n c e . S h e h a d w r itte n a n e m a il r e que s t i ng pol i c e a s s i s t a nc e a nd f urthe ri ndi c a t i ng tha ts he m a y ha ve be e n be i ng he l d a ga i ns the rw i l l . T he e m a i l s a l s o s ugge s t e d s he m a y ha ve be e n i n da nge rof harm fr om hers el f or others . W hen the depu t i es arri ved atthe ho use, they observed th e f u rtiv e f ig u r e o f ap e r s o n in s id e th e h o u s e . H o w e v e r , n o o n e a n s w e r e d th e ir kn ock atthe do or or t el epho ne ca l l s. T he t ot al i ty of these ci rc um st ance s j ust i fi ed the e ntry i nt o the hous e unde rthe e m e r ge nc y e xc e pt i on. T he m a nne ra nd the s c ope of the depu t i es ’ entryand searc h w er e a l so bo th rea sonabl e. G i ven the l ac k o f a c ons t i tut i ona l vi ol a t i on, the di s tr i c tc ourtpr ope r l y gr a nt e d s um m a ry j udgm e nton th e F o u rth A m en d m en tcl ai m s. I I T he di s tr i c tc ourtdi d notabus e i t s di s c r e t i on i n de ny i ng pl a i nt i f f s ’ m ot i on f o rle a v e to a m e n d th e iro r ig in a l c o m p la in t a s u n tim e ly . Se e D e Sar ac ho v . C us tom Foo d Mach. , Inc. , 20 6 F . 3d 87 4, 87 8 (9th C i r. 20 00 ). AF F I RME D.