UNPUBLISHED

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT

No. 11-2082

EVANSTON INSURANCE COMPANY,

Plaintiff - Appellee,

v.

MICHELLE GERMANO; DENNIS JACKSON; SHARON JACKSON; JASON 

DUNAWAY; LISA DUNAWAY, individually and on behalf of all 

others similarly situated,

Defendants – Appellants,

and

HARBOR WALK DEVELOPMENT, LLC; THE PORTER-BLAINE CORP.; 

GENESIS GROUP, INC.; WERMERS DEVELOPMENT, INC.; CLARKWHITEHILL ENTERPRISES, INC.; VENTURE SUPPLY, INC.; TOBIN 

TRADING, INC.; TRADERSCOVE CORP., d/b/a The Henin Group; 

PREMIER INTERNATIONAL REALTY, INC., d/b/a The Henin Group; 

INTERNATIONAL PROPERTY INVESTMENTS OF CENTRAL FLORIDA, INC., 

d/b/a Henin International Services; HIGGERSON-BUCHANAN, 

INC.; M&M CONTRACTING; P&P SKILLED CONTRACTORS; WORK 

COMPANY, DRYWALL & PLASTER; JEROME HENIN, individually; 

DAVID DANIELS, individually,

Defendants.

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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HOME BUILDERS,

Amicus Supporting Appellants.
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Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern 

District of Virginia, at Norfolk. Raymond A. Jackson, District 

Judge. (2:10-cv-00312-RAJ-TEM)

Submitted: March 12, 2013 Decided: March 20, 2013

Before SHEDD, DUNCAN, and WYNN, Circuit Judges.

Affirmed by unpublished per curiam opinion.

Michael Imprevento, BREIT DRESCHER IMPREVENTO & WALKER, P.C., 

Virginia Beach, Virginia, for Appellants. R. Steven Rawls, 

Rebecca C. Appelbaum, BUTLER PAPPAS WEIHMULLER KATZ CRAIG LLP, 

Tampa, Florida; Richard A. Saunders, FURNISS DAVIS RASHKIND AND

SAUNDERS, P.C., Norfolk, Virginia, for Appellee. David S. 

Jaffe, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HOME BUILDERS, Washington, D.C., 

for Amicus Supporting Appellants.

Unpublished opinions are not binding precedent in this circuit.
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PER CURIAM:

Appellants appeal the district court’s order granting 

summary judgment in favor of Evanston Insurance Company 

(“Evanston”) and declaring that they are not entitled to 

coverage under the applicable commercial general liability 

(“CGL”) insurance policies for alleged drywall-related damages 

to their homes and persons. In pertinent part, the CGL policies 

excluded coverage for any damage stemming from “pollutants,” 

which were defined as “any solid, liquid, gaseous or thermal 

irritant or contaminant, including smoke, vapor, soot, fumes, 

acids, alkalis, chemicals, electromagnetic fields and waste.” 

The district court concluded that, under Virginia law, the 

sulfuric gases emanating from the Chinese-manufactured drywall 

were “pollutants” under the language of the policies and 

therefore declared that Appellants were not entitled to recover 

any damages stemming therefrom. Appellants filed this appeal, 

challenging the district court’s interpretation of the policies.

While the appeal was pending in this Court, the 

Supreme Court of Virginia, in response to questions certified to 

it by this court in another appeal, decided that sulfuric gas 

released by defective drywall was a “pollutant” under the terms 

of an identically phrased insurance policy also controlled by 

Virginia law. TravCo Ins. Co. v. Ward, 736 S.E.2d 321, 328-30 

(Va. 2012). Both Evanston and Appellants agree, and we concur, 
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that the decision in TravCo warrants affirmance of the district 

court’s judgment in this appeal. Accordingly, we affirm. We 

dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal 

contentions are adequately presented in the material before this

court and argument will not aid the decisional process.

AFFIRMED