# Patent

## Title
LED device with voltage-limiting unit and voltage-equalizing and current-limiting resistances

## Abstract

An LED device with voltage-limiting unit and voltage-equalizing and current-limiting resistances includes an LED connected in parallel with a voltage-limiting unit, and a current-limiting resistance connected in series between the LED and the voltage-limiting unit. Two ends of each LED are connected in parallel with a voltage-equalizing resistance for forming a light-emitting unit, so that a light-emitting unit set can be structured through connecting two or more than two of the mentioned light-emitting units in series or in series-parallel in the same polarity. With the two ends of each LED being connected in parallel with the voltage-equalizing resistance, the end voltage of each light-emitting unit can be evenly stabilized; and the current-limiting resistance connected in series between the connection joints of the LED and the voltage-limiting unit for limiting the shunt current passing through the voltage-limiting unit.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
(a) Field of the Invention
According to the present invention, hereinafter the term “LED” is the abbreviation of the light-emitting diode;
The present invention relates to a LED device with voltage-limiting unit and voltage-equalizing and current-limiting resistances, in which a LED is connected in parallel with a voltage-limiting unit, and a current-limiting resistance is connected in series between the connection joints of the LED and the voltage-limiting unit for limiting the shunt current passing through the voltage-limiting unit, and two ends of each LED are connected in parallel with an voltage-equalizing resistance, so when plural light-emitting units are connected in series (or series-parallel) for forming a light-emitting unit set, the end voltage of each LED can be stabilized.
(b) Description of the Prior Art
Conventional LEDs usually parallel connect with the voltage-limiting units in the same polarity at two ends of each LED, such as the zener diode, to constitute the light-emitting unit, thereby when the end voltage of LED is abnormally increased, the abnormal voltage is absorbed by the zener diode; however, when the light-emitting units being parallel connected by the above mentioned LED and the zener diode are series connected (including series-parallel connected) in plural sets to constitute the light-emitting unit, the voltage is not able to be evenly distributed due to the different properties of the LED and the zener diode, so that when subject to abnormal high voltage, the LED loaded with higher end voltage is passed by the higher current therefore the LED is often damaged.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a LED device with voltage-limiting unit and voltage-equalizing and current-limiting resistances, in which a LED is connected in parallel with a voltage-limiting unit, and a current-limiting resistance is connected in series between the LED and the voltage-limiting unit, and two ends of each LED are connected in parallel with an voltage-equalizing resistance for forming a light-emitting unit, so that a light-emitting unit set can be structured through connecting two or more than two of the mentioned light-emitting units in series or in series-parallel in the same polarity; with the two ends of each LED being connected in parallel with the voltage-equalizing resistance, the end voltage of each light-emitting unit can be evenly stabilized; and the current-limiting resistance is connected in series between the connection joints of the LED and the voltage-limiting unit for limiting the shunt current passing through the voltage-limiting unit.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art by reading the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram showing that a conventional light-emitting unit is constituted by a single LED being connected in parallel with a single voltage-limiting protective unit.
FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic diagram showing that a LED is connected in parallel with a voltage-equalizing resistance, and a voltage-limiting unit is connected in series with a current-limiting resistance then connected in parallel with the LED to constitute the light-emitting unit.
FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram showing that plural sets of the light-emitting units as shown in FIG. 2 are connected in series or in series-parallel in the same polarity to constitute the light-emitting unit set.
FIG. 4 is an applied circuit schematic diagram showing that two of the light-emitting unit sets as shown in FIG. 3 are in reverse-polarity series connection.
FIG. 5 is an applied circuit schematic diagram showing that two ends of the light-emitting unit set as shown in FIG. 3 are in reverse-polarity parallel connection with a diode.
FIG. 6 is an applied circuit schematic diagram showing that two or more than two of the light-emitting unit sets as shown in FIG. 4, which are connected in series in the reverse polarity, and among the plural reverse-polarity series light-emitting unit sets, two ends of the plural light-emitting unit sets which are in same-polarity series or series-parallel connection are respectively connected in parallel in the reverse polarity with a diode.



DESCRIPTION OF MAIN COMPONENT SYMBOLS


    101: LED Light-emitting diode
    105: Voltage-limiting unit
    106: Diode
    107: Voltage-equalizing resistance
    111: Current-limiting resistance


DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Conventional LEDs usually parallel connect with the voltage-limiting units in the same polarity at two ends of each LED, such as the zener diode, to constitute the light-emitting unit, thereby when the end voltage of LED is abnormally increased, the abnormal voltage is absorbed by the zener diode; however, when the light-emitting units being parallel connected by the above mentioned LED and the zener diode are series connected (including series-parallel connected) in plural sets to constitute the light-emitting unit, the voltage is not able to be evenly distributed due to the different properties of the LED and the zener diode, so that when subject to abnormal high voltage, the LED loaded with higher end voltage is passed by the higher current therefore the LED is often damaged.
The present invention relates to a LED device with voltage-limiting unit and voltage-equalizing and current-limiting resistances, in which a LED is connected in parallel with a voltage-limiting unit, and a current-limiting resistance is connected in series between the connection joints of the LED and the voltage-limiting unit for limiting the shunt current passing through the voltage-limiting unit, and two ends of each LED are connected in parallel with an voltage-equalizing resistance, so when plural light-emitting units are connected in series (or series-parallel) for forming a light-emitting unit set, the end voltage of each LED can be stabilized.
Referring to FIG. 1, which is a circuit schematic diagram showing that a conventional light-emitting unit is constituted by a single LED being connected in parallel with a single voltage-limiting protective unit.
As shown in FIG. 1, a light-emitting unit is structured through connecting a LED in parallel in the same polarity with a zener diode.
Referring to FIG. 2, which is a circuit schematic diagram showing that a LED is connected in parallel with a voltage-equalizing resistance, and a voltage-limiting unit is connected in series with a current-limiting resistance then connected in parallel with the LED to constitute the light-emitting unit, according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, it mainly consists of:

    
    
        LED (101): constituted by the light emitting diode;
        Voltage-limiting unit (105): constituted by a semiconductor unit, e.g. a zener diode or a varistor, with a property of the resistance thereof being rapidly dropped when subject to overvoltage;
        Voltage-equalizing resistance (107): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be parallel connected at two ends of each LED;
        Current-limiting resistance (111): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be installed between the LED (101) and the voltage-limiting unit (105);
    
    


Wherein a light-emitting unit is structure through parallel-connecting the LED (101) with the voltage-equalizing resistance (107), and series-connecting the voltage-limiting unit (105) with the current-limiting resistance (111) then parallel-connecting with the LED (101).
Referring to FIG. 3, which is a circuit schematic diagram showing that plural sets of the light-emitting units as shown in FIG. 2 are connected in series or in series-parallel in the same polarity to constitute the light-emitting unit set.
As shown in FIG. 3, it mainly consists of:

    
    
        LED (101): constituted by the light emitting diode;
        Voltage-limiting unit (105): constituted by a semiconductor unit, e.g. a zener diode or a varistor, with a property of the resistance thereof being rapidly dropped when subject to overvoltage;
        Voltage-equalizing resistance (107): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be parallel connected at two ends of each LED;
        Current-limiting resistance (111): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be installed between the LED (101) and the voltage-limiting unit (105);
    
    


wherein a light-emitting unit is structure through parallel-connecting the LED (101) with the voltage-equalizing resistance (107), and series-connecting the voltage-limiting unit (105) with the current-limiting resistance (111) then parallel-connecting with the LED (101);
A light-emitting unit set is structured through series-connecting or series-parallel connecting two or more than two of the mentioned light-emitting units in the same polarity.
Referring to FIG. 4, which is an applied circuit schematic diagram showing that two of the light-emitting unit sets as shown in FIG. 3 are in reverse-polarity series connection.
As shown in FIG. 4, it mainly consists of:

    
    
        LED (101): constituted by the light emitting diode;
        Voltage-limiting unit (105): constituted by a semiconductor unit, e.g. a zener diode or a varistor, with a property of the resistance thereof being rapidly dropped when subject to overvoltage;
        Voltage-equalizing resistance (107): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be parallel connected at two ends of each LED;
        Current-limiting resistance (111): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be installed between the LED (101) and the voltage-limiting unit (105);
    
    


wherein a light-emitting unit is structure through parallel-connecting the LED (101) with the voltage-equalizing resistance (107), and series-connecting the voltage-limiting unit (105) with the current-limiting resistance (111) then parallel-connecting with the LED (101);
A light-emitting unit set is structured through series-connecting or series-parallel connecting two or more than two of the mentioned light emitting units in the same polarity;
Two or more than two of the mentioned light-emitting unit sets are connected in series in the reverse polarity.
Referring to FIG. 5, which is an applied circuit schematic diagram showing that two ends of the light-emitting unit set as shown in FIG. 3 are in reverse-polarity parallel connection with a diode.
As shown in FIG. 5, it mainly consists of:

    
    
        LED (101): constituted by the light emitting diode;
        Voltage-limiting unit (105): constituted by a semiconductor unit, e.g. a zener diode or a varistor, with a property of the resistance thereof being rapidly dropped when subject to overvoltage;
        Voltage-equalizing resistance (107): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be parallel connected at two ends of each LED;
        Current-limiting resistance (111): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be installed between the LED (101) and the voltage-limiting unit (105);
    
    


wherein a light-emitting unit is structure through parallel-connecting the LED (101) with the voltage-equalizing resistance (107), and series-connecting the voltage-limiting unit (105) with the current-limiting resistance (111) then parallel-connecting with the LED (101);
A light-emitting unit set is structured through series-connecting or series-parallel connecting two or more than two of the mentioned light-emitting units in the same polarity;
Two ends of the mentioned series-connected light-emitting unit set in the same polarity are connected in parallel in the reverse polarity with a diode (106).
Referring to FIG. 6, which is an applied circuit schematic diagram showing that two or more than two of the light-emitting unit sets as shown in FIG. 4, which is connected in series in the reverse polarity, and among the plural reverse-polarity series light-emitting unit sets, two ends of the plural light-emitting unit sets which are in same-polarity series or series-parallel connection are respectively connected in parallel in the reverse polarity with a diode.
As shown in FIG. 6, it mainly consists of:

    
    
        LED (101): constituted by the light emitting diode;
        Voltage-limiting unit (105): constituted by a semiconductor unit, e.g. a zener diode or a varistor, with a property of the resistance thereof being rapidly dropped when subject to overvoltage;
        Voltage-equalizing resistance (107): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be parallel connected at two ends of each LED;
        Current-limiting resistance (111): constituted by the resistive unit and served to be installed between the LED (101) and the voltage-limiting unit (105);
    
    


Wherein a light-emitting unit is structure through parallel-connecting the LED (101) with the voltage-equalizing resistance (107), and series-connecting the voltage-limiting unit (105) with the current-limiting resistance (111) then parallel-connecting with the LED (101);
A light-emitting unit set is structured through series-connecting or series-parallel connecting two or more than two of the mentioned light emitting units in the same polarity;
Two or more than two of the mentioned light-emitting unit sets are connected in series in the reverse polarity;
In the light-emitting unit sets of different polarity sides, which are connected in series in the reverse polarity, two ends of the plural light-emitting unit sets in normal-polarity series connection or series-parallel connection are respectively connected in parallel in the reverse polarity with a diode (106).
According to the LED device with voltage-limiting unit and voltage-equalizing and current-limiting resistances of the present invention, the mentioned LED (101) can not only be structured with a single LED (101), but two or more than two LEDs (101) can be provided for structuring a LED unit through connecting the LEDs in series, in parallel or in series and parallel to replace the single LED (101).
According to the LED device with voltage-limiting unit and voltage-equalizing and current-limiting resistances of the present invention, the voltage-limiting protective unit consists one or morn than more of the following units, wherein one or more than one units being in same-polarity series, parallel or series and parallel connection, which include:

    
    
        zener diode;
        varistor;
        diode with property of forward voltage drop;
        zener diode with property of reverse-polarity forward voltage drop
    
    


According to the present invention, the power source for the provided LED device can be a constant-current power source or constant-voltage power source, or a current-limiting power source or voltage-limiting power source, or a power source wherein voltage and current not being particularly controlled; for cooperating the operation of the voltage-limiting unit of the present invention, an internal impedance at an output end of the power source or an impedance unit between the output end of the power source and the loading can be further provided, so when the voltage of the power source is altered, the current passing through the voltage-limiting unit generates a voltage drop at the two ends of the impedance unit, and a voltage regulation effect is provided to the voltage at the two ends of the LED device of the present invention.
Many modifications and other embodiments of the inventions set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which these inventions pertain having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the inventions are not to be limited to the specific examples of the embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

## Claims

1. An LED device, comprising:
at least one first light emitting unit and at least one second light emitting unit, each said light emitting unit including:
at least one light emitting diode (101);
a voltage-limiting unit (105) including a semiconductor unit having a resistance that rapidly drops when subject to overvoltage;
a voltage-equalizing resistance (107) including a first resistive unit parallel connected at two ends of said at least one light emitting diode (101); and
a current-limiting resistance (111) including a second resistive unit and installed between the light emitting diode (101) and the voltage-limiting unit (105),

wherein the voltage-limiting unit (105) is series connected with the current-limiting resistance (111) and parallel-connected with both the voltage-equalizing resistance and the light emitting diode (101),
wherein said light emitting diode (101) in the at least one first light emitting unit is connected in series with and has a same polarity as said light emitting diode (101) in said at least one second light emitting unit to form a same-polarity light emitting unit set, and
wherein two ends of the same-polarity light-emitting unit set are connected in parallel with a diode (106) having a polarity that is opposite in polarity with the series-connected first and second light emitting diodes (101).

2. An LED device, comprising:
at least one first same-polarity light emitting unit set and at least one second same-polarity light emitting unit set, each same-polarity light emitting unit set including at least one first light emitting unit and at least one second light emitting unit, each said light emitting unit including:
at least one light emitting diode (101);
a voltage-limiting unit (105) including a semiconductor unit having a resistance that rapidly drops when subject to overvoltage;
a voltage-equalizing resistance (107) including a first resistive unit parallel connected at two ends of said at least one light emitting diode (101); and
a current-limiting resistance (111) including a second resistive unit and installed between the light emitting diode (101) and the voltage-limiting unit (105),
wherein the voltage-limiting unit (105) is series connected with the current-limiting resistance (111) and parallel-connected with both the voltage-equalizing resistance and the light emitting diode (101),

wherein the at least one light emitting diode (101) of each of the light emitting units of the first same-polarity light-emitting unit set has a same polarity,
wherein the at least one light emitting diode (101) of each of the light emitting units of the at least one second same-polarity light emitting unit set has a same polarity,
wherein the same polarity of the respective light emitting diodes (101) of the at least one first same-polarity light emitting unit set is opposite the same polarity of the respective light emitting diodes (101) of the at least one second same-polarity light emitting unit set,
wherein said at least one first same polarity light emitting unit set is connected in series with said at least one second same-polarity light-emitting unit set, and
wherein two ends of the first same-polarity light-emitting unit set are connected in parallel with a first diode (106) having a polarity that is opposite the same polarity of the respective light emitting diodes (101) of the at least one first same-polarity light emitting unit set and two ends of the second same-polarity light-emitting unit set are connected in parallel with a second diode (106) having a polarity that is opposite the same polarity of the respective light emitting diodes (101) of the at least one second same-polarity light emitting unit set.

3. The LED device as claimed in claims 1 or 2, wherein the semiconductor unit of the voltage-limiting unit (105) comprises at least one zener diode.

4. The LED device as claimed in claims 1 or 2, wherein said voltage-equalizing resistance (107) in said at least one first light-emitting unit is further connected to said voltage-equalizing resistance in said at least one second light-emitting unit, and said voltage-limiting unit (105) in said at least one first light-emitting unit is further connected to said voltage-limiting unit (105) in said at least one second light-emitting unit.