R307. Env1ronrncntnl Quality, Air Quality. 

R307-351. Graphic Arts. 

R307-J51 -l. rurpose. 

The purpose of this rule is to limit. volatile organic 

com(l<lund (VO('} emissions from graphic arts printing 

operations. 

R.307-351-2. Applicability. 

R307-J5 I applie$ lo graphic arts priming operations 

in nox Elder, Cache, Oav1s. Sall Lake. U1ah and Weber 

counties as specified below. For urpo~es of d.::lermining 

whether the emissions applienbiliry threshold or an equivalcnl 

threshold is met. tile owner or opcnnor shall consider sourccwide emisswns from all printing operations including ri:latcd 

denning nc1 ivi1ies prior 10 conlrols 

(l l R307-351-l appli.:s to all packag111g and 

publication rotognwurc; packaging anJ publication 

Jlc.xographic: and ~-pccinlty printing operation~ employing 

VOC-contoimng i11ks. including diluli(ln and cl.:aning mau:nal~. 

1haJ have poten1ial 10 emit on a per press ~is equal to or 

greater than 25 tons per year of VOC. Flexible packaging 

prinling is exempt from RJ07-351-4. 

(2) R307-35 l-5 applies to all flexible packaging 

printing operations with potemial lo emit on a per press basis, 

from lhc dryer, prior 10 controls. equal to or greater than 25 

tons per year of voe from inks. coatings and adhesive~ 

combined. 

(3) R307-3S l -6{l) applies to imJ1v1dual hcatset 

web offset lithographic pnnting pres:.cs and individual 

he;1lse1 web etterpre~~ printing presses with potcntinl lo emil 

from the dryer. on 11 per press basis. prior to co111rols. equal 10 

or grcutcr than 25 tons per year Of VOC. I JeatSCI prc;scs used 

for boo!. printing and he.ut:>cl presses "ith maximum web 

width of22 111ehcs or less are exempt from R307-35 l ·(>{I). 

( 4) R307-3S 1-6(2) applies to oITsct lithographic 

printing opcrauons that ernil at leai.1 2.7 Ions per year actual 

emission~ of voe. or an equivalent level. before 

consideration of comrols. Any press with total fountain 

solution reservoir of less than one gallon and sheet-fed 

presses with maximum sheel size of 11 inches b)' 17 inches 

or smaller are exempt from RJ 0?-351-6(2). 

(5) RJ07-35 l-6(3) applies to offset lithographic 

printing and letterpress printing operations that emit at IC!bl 

2.7 10115 per year actual emissions of voe. or an equhaknt 

level, before con:.idcrnlion of comrois. Cleaners u..ed on 

clec1ronic componenls of a press, pre-press clcaninp 

operations (e.g .. platemaking). post-pres, ~leaning op.:ration~ 

(e.g:., binding). clcamng supplies (e.g. .• detergents) used to 

clellll I.he floor (other than dried ink I in lhc area around 11 

pres~. or d eaning perf'orm.::d in pun~ washers or cold clean.:r~ 

are exempt from Rl07-35 l -6(3 ). 

(6) R307-35 I .7 appli~s 10 all graphic arts print in!( 

opcratton~ that emit t least 2.7 1.ons p('r year actual emi ssi on~ 

Of V()C. Or OJI equivaJmt JcveJ, before COll~idera ion of 

controls 

R307-J51 ·3. Definitions. 

fhc following addilional definitions apply 10 RJ07-

351: 

•Alcohol" me.tns any of lhe followiQJi! compounds. 

when u::.cd as n foun tain solullon ndditivt for offset 

lithogn1ph1c prinling: ethanol. n-prnpanol. and isopr('>p.uwl 

"/\kohol Sub~titute" mean' a nonalcobol uddi1ivc 

that C()tl(ains V0Cs and IS used in the founlain SOiution. 

''Automatic Blanl.el Wash System" means 

equipment used to clcun lilhographic blankets which can 

include. bu1 is not limited to those uliliting a cloth and 

1!\pandablc hladder. brush. pray. or impregnated cloth 

S)SICITI 

"Clean111g Solution" means a liquid solvent or 

solution used to clean 1he operating sllrfaces of a printing 

pres.' and its parts. Cld.lning solutions include, but art: nol 

limited to bl.ankct wash, miler wash, metering roller cleaner. 

plalc cleaner, impression cylinder washes, rubber 

rejuvenators. and other cleaners used for cleaning a press. 

press part<;. or to remove dried ink or coating from areas 

nround the pr.:ss. 

"Blanket" means a synthe1ic rubber material 1ha1 is 

wrapped around a cylinder used rn offset lilhogrnphy to 

transfer or "offset'' an image from an irnag.c carrier. 

"Capture efiicienc;y" means the fraction of all voe 

emissions gcncralcd by a process that are delivered 10 a 

conuol device. expressed as a percentage 

"Capi;ure S)'~tem" means the equipmcnl (including 

hoods. duci.s, fans. etc.) used 10 collect. capture. or transport a 

polluumt to a control device. 

"Coating" meuns material applied onto or 

impregnated int('> n substrate. Such materials include, bul arc 

not limited 10. solvent-home and waterborne coatings. 

"Composile partial vapor pressure" means the sum of 

lhe partial pressure of the compounds defined as voes. "Control device" means a device such a.> a carbon 

adsorhcr or oxidizer which reduces lhe voe in an exhuusl 

gas b> reco ... .:ry or b) destruc tion. 

"Control device efficiency'' means lhe ratio ()f VOC 

cmis.>ions recovered or destro}ed by a control dcvke 10 the 

lolal voe emissions lhat ore imroduccd int() the control 

dc ... icc, expressed us a percentage. 

"Flexible packaging." means any package or part of 

a pnckagc the shape of which con be readily changed. 

fl exible packaging includes. but 1~ not limited to. hagi.. 

pouches, liners and wraps u1ilizing paper, plastic, film. 

aluminum foil, metalized or coaled paper or film, or an} 

combination of these mnterials. 

"fl exographic press• means an unwind or leed 

section. which may include more than one unwind or feed 

s1a1ion (such as on a laminator). a series of indi\idual work 

5talions. one or more of which is a nexogrnphie print stalion. 

an: dryers (including interstage dryers and overhead tunnel 

dryers) associated with the work stmi(lllS, and o rewind, tack, 

or collection section The work stations may be oriemed 

vertically. horiJ'Olltllily, or around the circumference of a 

single large imprcs ion cylinder. Inboard and outboard work 

stations. including those employing any other technology, 

~uch as rorogrnvurc. nrc included if they are en pub le of' 

pnnting or coating on the same substrate. A publicalion 

rotogravure press with one or more flexogrnphk imprinters is 

not c1 llexogr.1phic p~. 

"Flcxographic prmting" means the application of 

\\Ord<;, designs, and pictures 10 substr.llc by means of a roll 

printing technique in which the paH.:m to he arrli.xl is rrused 

alio•c the prinling roll nnd the image a1rrier is made of ruhhcr 

vr other cJa.<;tomcnc mnterials. 

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"Fountoin !.Olution" means o mixture of water and 

other volutde and non-volaule chemical~ and uuditivcs tlH1t 

wets the noninwgc area of a litilogrnph.ic printing plutc so thnl 

the ink 1s maintained "ithin the image ari:as. 

~Hcatsct" m1:ans an omet lnhograph1c printing or 

lettcrprc~:. printing operation in which the ink solvents dl't: 

vaporized hy passing the printed surfoce through a dr) er. 

"Lenerprcss printing" 111ean~ a method where the 

imag,c urcu i:; raised relative to the non-image area and the mk 

is transferred to the substrate directly from the imugc surfac.:. 

":-.larrow-\\eb llexographic press" means u 

flexographic press that is not capable of pri.nun~ ~ub~trJIC~ 

gri:ater than 18 mches in ""ldth and that docs not nbo meet 

the definition of rotogravure press (i.e .. it has no rotogravllrc 

print ~lauons). 

";-.lon-healset". abo called cold:<et, means on offset 

lithogrupluc printing or letterpress printing upcrnt1011 in 

which 1he ink dries by oxidation nndfor nbsorptiM into 1l1c 

substrate without u~e ofhea1 from dr:rcrs 

"Offact lithographic prinling• means a plane-ograph1c method in which the image tlnd non-image rea~ nrc 

on the Slime plane und the ink is offset from a plate to 11 

rubhcr b1ankct, ancl then from the blanket to the subslratc. 

•overall cootrol efficiency• means thl! total 

efficiency of a coinrul sy~tcm. determined either by: 

(I) The producl of the capture efficiency and h~· 

control device efficiency: or 

(2) A liquid-liquid material balance. 

"Pack.aging printing•· rncons rOlogravurc or 

flcxogrophic pnnt\r1g, not otherwise defined as putilicat1on 

printing. upon paper. paper board. metal foil plastic film. and 

mhcr ~ubslrates, \\hich arc. in subsequent operations. formed 

into packaging products and labels. This includes, but is not 

limited to. folding cllttons. llcxiblc packaging. labels and 

wrappers 

"Printing. operation" means the application of 

words, Jcsigns, or pictures on a suhstrare. All units in n 

machine wtuch have both coating and printing units <hall be 

considered as performing a printing operation. 

··rrinting Press" n\Cans a printing production 

assernbl) composed of one or more units used to produce a 

printed suhstrate. including but not limited to, !lll:-' a."-•mcimcd 

coating. spray powdcr application. hcatsct web dryer. ultra\ 1olc1 

or elcclron beam curing unilS. or iufrared heating units. 

"Publication mtogruvurc printing" mean~ rotogravure 

printing upon paper that is subsequent!~ lbrnled mlo bool.s. 

rnaga1int:~. cataloguLS. brochures. dm:ctories, newspaper 

supplcmt:nts. and other typzs of pl'inted materials. 

"Publication rntog11:1v1uc press" mcun< a 

rotogravure press used for pubhcalion rologra\-·urc pnnimg. 1\ 

puhlicnti tm rotogravut·e press may inl:ludc one or more 

ncxograrhic imprinters. A publirntion rotogravure pr..:<.s w11.h 

()Jlc or more llexogr;iphic imprinters is not a llexographic 

press. 

..Roll coating" means the aprhc;\tion of a coating 

matc1ial to u substrnte by means of hard n1bbcr or steel rolls. 

.. Roll pruning" means the application of "or.!:; 

de~ign~ and pictures to a substr.itc usuall)" by mean~ of a ~rie~ 

ofh:m1 rubber or s1ct.:1 rolls wch wi1h onl> partial coverage. 

"Rotogra\ure coaling" means the applieelirm of :1 

unifom1 lnyer of mmeriul "cro~' the entire:: wiuth of the \\ c'.> 10 

substrate by mean~ of a roll coating tcch1111.1ue in \\hich the 

pattcm to be applied is etched on the- coating roll n-.e coating 

matcri.il is picked up in these rc.;:cssed areas and i~ transferred to 

the substrnte. 

"Rowgmvure press" means an unwind or feed 

~cct1011. which may include more than one unnind or feed 

station (such as on a lum1nntor). a series of individual "orJ.. 

~tation~. 011.: or more of which is a rotogravure print ~1atton . 

any dryers associated "ith the work stations. and a rewind. 

,,tack. or collection section. lnboard and outboard work 

;,t11tions. including those employing an>· other technology. 

such as 11exogrnphy, arc included if they an.: cap<lblc of 

printing or coaling on the same subslratc. 

·Rotogmvure prinung" means the application of 

\\Ords. designs. and pictures to a sub~tra1c by m~ans of a roll 

pri!lling technique that involves a recessed image area in the 

form or cells. 

"Specialty printing operations" means all gravure and 

llcltogrophic t)penttions thttl print a design or image, exdudmg 

puhlicat1on and packaging printing. Spccia.lty printing 

opcrauons include. among other things. printing on paper cup> 

1u1d plulcs. pnttemcd gift wrup. wallpaper, and floor covcnngs. 

'"Web'" means a continuous roll of substrate. 

-widc-,~cb flc:1:ogro.phic pre!:.~" mean~ a 

fkxogrnphic press cnpablc of printin~ substrates l!teS!er than 

18 inches in width. 

R.307-351-4. Standards for Rotogravure. Flexographic, 

and Specialty Printing Operations. 

(I) No owner or operator of a packaging and 

publicntion ro1ogr.m1rc: packaging an<l public11tion 

ticxogruphic. and specialty printing operations employing 

VO<:-conmining ink may operate. cau.-.c. or allow or pcrm1l the 

opcra11on of a facility unless: 

(a) The volatile fraction ()fink. as it i~ applied to the 

substrate. contams 25.0% by volume or less of VOCand 75 0% 

by \"Oiume or more of water. or 

(b) The ink ilS it is applied 10 the substrate. less water. 

conlJms 60.0% t>y volume or more nonvolatile material: or 

( c) ·n1c owner or operator instnlls and operates etther 

a cmbon adsorp11011 ~-y<tcm <1S described in R307·35 l-4(1 )(n)(i) 

or an incmcration y~tem ·~~described in lG07-35 l-4( I ){a)( ii). 

(i) /\ carbon adsorption -.y~tan shall reduce lht: 

voh1ti k orga111c emission$ from the capture ')·stem b) a 

minimum of90.0% b)" weigh1. 

(ii) An incineration system shall oxidiz.c. from the 

capture syStcm. a minimum of90.0"/o of the non-methane voes 

measured a< tolal combustible carbon to carbon dioxide and 

\\ atcr. 

(iii) /\ capture ~ystem as described in RJ07-351-

4( I Xal(iv) shall be used m conjunct.ion with a carbon adsorpuon 

system and an mcinerntion system. 

\ivl The design and opcrution of a ca1)turc system 

must be consistent with good engineering rracticcs and sh.ill be 

required to provide for an O\crall reduction in VOC cm1ss1ons 

of at lcl\st. 

(A} 75.0% where a puhlicllllOn ro1ogruvure procc'~ 

i> cmpto~ cd: 

ffi) 65 0% \\here a paclaging r0togravurc procc~s I'> 

cmrloycJ: or 

(C) 60.0% where a llcxop.ruphic printin11 process is 

employed. 

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(2) The owner or operator of .i.n emission con1rol 

device shall prO\'ide documentation that the system will attain 

the requiremen1s of R307-35 l-4. 

(3) The Emission control sys1em shall be operated 

ond maintained m accordance ~dlh lhc manufactora 

rccommendution~. 

(4) The owi1er or operator of nn emission conlrol 

device sh~ll 1m11nloin for a minimum of two years records of 

operating and maintenance sufficient to dc111onstr11lc 1hm th<· 

oquipmcnt is being operated and maintained in accordance 

with che mnnufac111rer rccommcndauons. 

R307-J51-S. Standards for Flexible l'eckaging Printing 

O~ration s. 

(I) Pre sc~ u~<..'tl for flexible puckagmg printing 

shall comply with an 80% overall emission control 

crticiency. 

(a) The owner or operator of on emission con1rol 

device shall pro\'idl! documentation that the emissions con1rol 

system will auain the n:quircments ofR307-35 l-5. 

(b) The Emission control system shall be opcrntcd 

and mainlamed in accordance with the manufacturer 

recommcnda1ion:-. 

r2) The '~ncr or operator of an emission control 

device shall mamtam for a minimum of 1wo yea rs reco d~ of 

operating and moinlcMnce sufficient to demonstrate ~t the 

equipment is being operated and maintained in accordance 

with the manufacturer rccomrncnda1ions. 

(3) As lll1 ahcrna1ive to the O\'emll control 

cllicienc). c11e followi ng two equivalent voe eontenl limi1s 

may be ITICt by U:<C of Jow V0C content materials or 

combinations ofmateri.ils and controb as follows 

(a) 0.8 kg VOC!kg solids applied: or 

(b) 0. 16 kg VOC/kg materials applied. 

(c) The VOC content limits can be rn~t by 

averaging the VOC content of materials used on a ~inglc 

press, i.e .. within a Jm<J. The use of averagmg. to meei the 

voe content limns 1s not allowed for cross-line. i.e .. 11cross 

multiple line:. 

RJ0?-351-6. Standards for Offstt Lithogra(lhic Printing 

and Lctttrpress Printing Operations. 

(I) Requirements for hcntsct web om;ct 

lithographic nnd heat.sci letterpress ink~ mal dl)crs. 

(:1) Individual heaL~et web offact litho(!rn pl11c 

printing presses and individual hcatsct weh lct l~rpn.::;s 

printin!!- presses shall comply with 90% conlrol eflictency for 

the conlrol device on hcatset dC)ers 

(b) The owner or v~rntor of an emission comrol 

device shall provide do1:urneniation that 1hc cm ~sions con1rol 

system will ntta10 the n:quirements of R307-35 l-6. 

(c) The f.mbsion control S)'!'>tcm shnll tic operated 

and maintnim.:d in accordance wilh the manufacturer 

recornmcndfltions. 

(2) Inc owner or operator shllll maintain for .1 

minimum of two }t:ars records of opcrallng and maintenance 

~um 1cn1 10 demonstrate that the equipment is being operated 

and main1ained in accordance with the manufacturer 

rccommendmton5. 

13) /\s an allernatiw lo the control elliciem.:y. the 

control dcvic.; outlet concemration may be reduced to 20 

ppm\· as ll.:xanc 011 a dry ba~ s to a'commodmc s1wo1ion~ 

where the inkl voe concentration is low or there is no 

identifiable measurable inlel. 

(4) Requirements for fountain solution. 

(a) For hcatsct web offset lithographic printing, the 

lcvd of control for voe emissions from on-press (asapplied) fountain solution shall meet one oflhe following: 

(i) 1.6% ulcohol or less (by weight) in the 

l"l1u ntain; 

(ii) 3.0% akoll\11 or lc~s (by weight) in the 

fountain solution if the.: fountain solution is rcfrigcra1cd to 

b<.' low O{J degrees Fahrenheit: or 

(iii) 5.0% alcohol substitute or less (by wc1gh1J and 

no alcohol in the fountain solution. 

(b) For sheet-fed offset lithographic printing, the 

lc\cl of control for VOC emissions from on-pn:ss (asapplicd) fountain solution shall meet one of the following: 

(i) 5.0% alcohol or less (by weight) in the 

fountain; 

(ii) 8.5% alcohol nr less (by weight) in the 

foun tam solution provided the fountain solution is 

refrigerated to below 60 degrees Fahrenheit: or 

(iii) 5.0% alcohol substitute or less (by weight) and 

no alcohol in the fouruain solution. 

(c) For non-heatsct web ofTse1 lithographic 

pnnting. 1he level of control for voe emis~ions shall be 

5.0% alcohol ,;ubstilltte or less (by weight) on-pross (asupplied) and no alcohol in the fountain solu1ion. 

(5) Requirements for cleaning rnnterials 

(a) For blank.et washing. roller washing. plate 

cleaners. metering roller cleaners, impression cylinder 

clcJner.;, mbber rejuvenators.. and other cleaners used for 

cledning a press, press parts. or lo remove dried ink from 

an.:.i~ around fl press. only deaning materials with a voe composite vapor prits:;urc of less 1han ten mm Hg <11 68 

dcgrlles Fahrenheit or cleaning materials containing k:;s than 

70 wcig.Jll. percent voe shall be used. 

(b) lip l<l 110 gallons per year of cleaning 

lndh:ria l~ which lllCCI m:ither the \/QC COtnpOSllC vapor 

pre,~urc rt:q uircmcm nor the voe content requirement may 

be u~ed . 

R3fn-351-7. Work Prnctices and Recordkeeping. 

( l.J Control techniques and work practices w·e to be 

implemented al all times 10 reduce voe emissions from 

l\J~1t1vc type sources. Control techniques and work practices 

include: 

(a) Tighl filling covers for open tanks; and 

ib) Keeping cleaning ma1erials., used ~hop towel:;, 

and solvent \; iping cloths in closed contain.:r,. 

t 2 J Record J..ecpu1g and n,-porting. 

(a) "rbl! ow11cr or operator of nny source subject to 

H307-35 l shall maintain 

(i) Rl!cords of the annual usage of all materials that 

may be a ~o ·ce ofVOC emissions including, but not limited to. 

inks. cott ing.~. adhcsi\CS. fountain solution. and cleaning 

lllatCOJls. 

(ri) All sources subject to R307-35 I slt.111 maintain 

re'-ords demonstrating compliance with all provisio1t; of R307-

J5 I. rhesc records shall be available to the director upon 

n:qoc:>i 

RJ07-351-8. Complinncc Schedule. 

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(I J All !'Ourccs within Salt l..<tkt: and Davis coulllJL'S 

~hall be in compliance \~ith this rule hy the effective date of thi~ 

nilc. 

(2) A ll sources within Box Elder. Cache. Ltah and 

Wcher counties :;hall be in compliance with this rnlc by Jwniary 

I. 2014. 

KEY: air pollution, l':r nphic urts, \'0(', printing operations 

Date of Ennctrncnt or Lnst Sub~tnntive Amcnlfm<'nt: 

Ftbruary I. 2013 

Authorizing, and Jmplcmcnred or Interpreted Lnw: 19-2-

104( I )(a) 

E - 68