BUILDING TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM

Distribution TransformersE C ti P

LBNL Staff on bU.S. Department o

1 | Building Technologies Program 

Energy Conservation Program Energy Efficiency 

November 8, 2011
Contents

Draft Life­Cycle Cost, Payback Period Sensitivity Results: Z

and SA1 Core Materials Materials Exclusion Exclusion for Medium Voltage Voltage 

Transformers

Prepared for the Medium Voltage Distribution Transformers N

Rulemaking Working Group

November 6, 2011

Contents

• Life‐Cycle Cost Results for Design Lines 9 – 13B• Payback Period Results for Design Lines 9 – 13B

2 | Building Technologies Program 

Payback Period Results for Design Lines 9 13B

• Materials Selection Results for Design Lines 9 – 13B
Design Line 9 LCC Results

Efficiency Level

12 34 5 

Efficiency (%) 98.99% 99.12% 99.28% 99.38% 99.50Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 0.92% 2.63% 15.71% 92.13% 0.00T f ith N t LCC S i (%) Transformers with

N

et LCC

Savings (%) 99 04% . 97 38% . 84 29% . 7 88% . 0 00

. 

Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.04% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00Mean LCC Savings ($) 2827 4142 3434 -6769 NA Median LCC Savings ($) 2651 3889 2897 -7408 NA 

1000015000

$)

Design Line

9 Average LCC Savings

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

5000

0

5000

age LCC Savings ( ‐15000

‐10000

‐5000

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Avera

3 | Building Technologies Program 

Efficiency Level
Design Line 10 LCC Results

Efficiency Level

12345

Efficiency (%) 99.31% 99.40% 99.50% 99.53% 99.60% Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 1.29% 24.54% 64.54% 100.00% 0.00% 

Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 98 67% . 75 46% . 35 46% . 0 00% . 0 00% . Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.04% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean LCC Savings ($) 4252 4787 -1823 -64917 NA Median LCC Savings ($) 4021 3922 -3278 -66588 NA 

2000040000

Design Line 10 Average LCC Savings

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

‐40000‐20000

0

20000

LCC Savings ($) ‐100000

‐80000‐60000

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL

4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Average

4 | Building Technologies Program 

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL

4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Efficiency Level
Design Line 11 LCC Results

Efficiency Level

12345

Efficiency (%) 98.81% 98.94% 99.06% 99.13% 99.32Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 33.46% 53.96% 78.42% 86.08% 0.00Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 66 54% . 46 04% . 21 58% . 13 92% . 0 00

. 

Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00Mean LCC Savings ($) 608 16 -1825 -3170 NA Median LCC Savings ($) 442 -207 -2150 -3551 NA 

40006000

($)

Design Line 11 Average LCC Savings

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

4000

‐2000

0

2000

rage LCC Savings

‐8000‐6000‐4000

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Aver

Efficiency Level

5 | Building Technologies Program 
Design Line 12 LCC Results

Efficiency Level

12345

Efficiency (%) 99.21% 99.30% 99.39% 99.46% 99.53% Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 49.96% 61.88% 77.58% 94.33% 0.00% Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 50 04% . 38 13% . 22 42% . 5 67% . 0 00% . Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean LCC Savings ($) 331 -888 -5374 -18783 NA Median LCC Savings ($) 3 -1643 -6342 -20164 NA 

D i Li 12

A LCC S i median

0

5000

1000015000

gs ($)

Design Line 12

Average LCC

Savings

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

‐25000‐20000‐15000‐10000

‐5000

0

erage LCC Saving ‐40000

‐35000‐30000

25000

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6 CSL 7

Ave

Efficienc

y Level

6 | Building Technologies Program 
Design Line 13A LCC Results

Efficiency Level

12345

Efficiency (%) 98.76% 98.85% 98.92% 99.10% 99.29Transformers with Net Increase in LCC ( ) % 30.83% 37.71% 47.88% 0.00% 0.00% 

Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 69.17% 62.29% 52.13% 0.00% 0.00% Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean LCC Savings ($) 726 759 433 NA NA Median LCC Savings ($) 562 499 114 NA NA 

50006000

Design Line 13A Average LCC Savings

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

mediaavera

0

1000200030004000

LCC SAvings ($)

‐4000‐3000‐2000‐1000

0

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL

4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Average

7 | Building Technologies Program 

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL

4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Efficiency Level
Design Line 13B LCC Results

Efficiency Level

12345

Efficiency (%) 99.23% 99.31% 99.38% 99.43% 99.49Transformers with Net Increase in LCC (%) 8.75% 14.38% 29.83% 0.00% 0.00% 

Transformers with Net LCC Savings (%) 91.25% 85.63% 70.17% 0.00% 0.00% Transformers with No Impact on LCC (%) 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean LCC Savings ($) 4266 7404 5995 NA NA Median LCC Savings ($) 3868 6269 4637 NA NA 

2500030000

Design Line 13B Average LCC Savings

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

10000150002000025000

LCC Savings ($)

‐10000

‐5000

0

5000

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL

4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Average

8 | Building Technologies Program 

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL

4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Efficiency Level
Design Line 9 PBP Results

Efficiency Level

1 2 3 4 

Mean Payback (Years) 3.5 5.8 12.4 35.2 Median Payback (Years) 3.3 5.7 11.8 33.3 

Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 99 96% . 100 00% 100.00% 100 00% 100.00% 100 00% 100.00% Transformers having Undefined Payback (%) 0.04% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean Retail Cost ($) 12,900 13,876 16,686 27,663 Mean Installation Costs ($) 3,192 3,307 3,797 4,712 Mean Operating Costs ($) 930 801 663 573 Mea c e e ta st Cost ($) n In

cre

m

e

ntal First Cost ($) 579 1,671 4,970 16,86

2

Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 182 310 449 539 Payback of Average Transformer 3.2 5.4 11.1 31.3 

Design Line

9 Average Payback Period

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

40506070

Period (years)

10203040

verage Payback

9 | Building Technologies Program 

0

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6

A

Efficiency Level
Design Line 10 PBP Results

Efficiency Level

12345

Mean Payback (Years) 2.7 14.5 25.1 79.5 NA Median Payback (Years) 2.0 11.2 21.9 86.4 NA Transformers havin

g y () Well Defined Pa

yback (%) 99.83% 99.88% 100.00% 99.00% 0.00% 

Transformers having Undefined Payback (%) 0.17% 0.13% 0.00% 1.00% 0.00% Mean Retail Cost ($) 43,911 49,040 62,701 123,654 NA Mean Installation Costs ($) 6,475 6,916 8,039 10,622 NA Mean Operating Costs ($) 2,785 2,459 2,023 2,000 NA Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 461 6,031 20,816 84,352 NA Mean Operating Cost Savings (

$) 252 577 1,013 1,037 NA 

Payback of Average Transformer 1.8 10.4 20.5 81.4 NA 

120

Design Line 10 Average Payback Period

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

80

100

120

Period (years)

204060

verage Payback

10 | Building Technologies Program 

0

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Av

Efficiency Level
Design Line 11 PBP Results

Efficiency Level

12345

Mean Payback (Years) 16.7 22.3 29.7 32.7 NA Median Payback (Years) 15.0 19.3 26.1 29.5 NA Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 99.75% 99.42% 99.71% 100.00% 0.00% T f h i U d fi d P b k (%) Transformers 

having 

U

n

d

efine

d

Pay

bac

k (%) 0 25% . 0 58% . 0 29% . 0 00% . 0 00% . 

Mean Retail Cost ($) 24,282 26,290 29,107 31,112 NA Mean Installation Costs ($) 4,106 4,352 4,699 4,898 NA Mean Operating Costs ($) 982 893 823 777 NA Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 1,884 4,137 7,302 9,505 NA Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 133 221 292 338 NA Payback of Average Transformer 14.2 18.7 25.0 28.2 NA 

70

)

Design Line 11 Average Payback Period

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

405060

ck Period (years)

102030

Average Paybac

11 | Building Technologies Program 

0

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Efficiency Level
Design Line 12 PBP Results

Efficiency Level

12345

Mean Payback (Years) 21.1 24.3 26.7 36.0 NA Median Payback (Years) 18.4 21.1 25.1 34.2 NA Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 0.00% 

T f h i U d fi d P b k (%) Transformers 

having 

U

n

d

efine

d

Pay

bac

k (%) 0 00% . 0 00% . 0 00% . 0 00% . 0 00% . 

Mean Retail Cost ($) 62,001 67,914 79,463 98,253 NA Mean Installation Costs ($) 7,516 8,049 8,460 9,611 NA Mean Operating Costs ($) 3,061 2,782 2,383 2,035 NA Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 5,943 12,388 24,348 44,289 NA Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 334 613 1 012 , 1 360 , NA Payback of Average Transformer 17.8 20.2 24.1 32.6 NA 

70

Design Line 12 Average Payback Period

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

405060

k Period (years)

102030

Average Payback

12 | Building Technologies Program 

0

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6 CSL 7

A

Efficiency Level
Design Line 13A PBP Results

Efficiency Level

1 2 34 

Mean Payback (Years) 18.2 19.4 21.5 NA Median Payback (Years) 12.3 15.1 17.8 NA Transformers having Well Defined Payback (%) 98.58% 99.92% 100.00% 0.00% 0

T f h i U d fi d P b k (%) Transformers 

having 

U

n

d

efine

d

Pay

bac

k (%) 1 42% . 0 08% . 0 00% . 0 00% . 0 

Mean Retail Cost ($) 28,161 29,241 30,503 NA Mean Installation Costs ($) 4,697 4,808 4,948 NA Mean Operating Costs ($) 1,089 1,024 966 NA Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 1,229 2,419 3,821 NA Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) Mean Operating Cost Savings ($) 104 170 227 NA Payback of Average Transformer 11.8 14.3 16.8 NA 

60

Design Line 13A Average Payback Period

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

405060

k Period (years)

102030

Average Payback

13 | Building Technologies Program 

0

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6

A

Efficiency Level
Design Line 13B PBP Results

Efficiency Level

12345

Mean Payback (Years) 9.2 11.9 15.5 NA NA Median Payback (Years) 7.7 11.1 14.4 NA NA Transformers havin

g y () Well Defined Pa

yback (%) 99.04% 100.00% 100.00% 0.00% 0.00% 

Transformers having Undefined Payback (%) 0.96% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% Mean Pretail Price ($) 72,269 78,359 84,635 NA NA Mean Installation Costs ($) 8,567 9,077 9,521 NA NA Mean Operating Costs ($) 4,241 3,721 3,438 NA NA Mean Incremental First Cost ($) 2,861 9,461 16,181 NA NA Mean Operating Cost Savings (

$) 380 900 1,183 NA NA 

Payback of Average Transformer 7.5 10.5 13.7 NA NA 

30

Design Line 13B Average Payback Period

Average; Median; Box 25%­75%; Whisker 5%­95%

medianaverage

202530

Period (years)

5

1015

verage Payback P

14 | Building Technologies Program 

0

CSL 1 CSL 2 CSL 3 CSL 4 CSL 5 CSL 6

Av

Efficiency Level
Core Materials Selection

•These results represent the fraction of each core mater

in the LCC simulation.

•NULL (blank) values indicate the were no designs availagiven core material and efficiency level

Materials Efficiency Level

Basecase 1 2 3 4 5 6

M12

Materials Efficiency Level

Basecase 1234

M12

Design Line 9 Design Line10

M12M6 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%M5 95.8% 0.0% 0.0%M4M3 4.2% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%M2

M12M6M5 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%M4 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%M3 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0

M2 M2H0ZDMHSA1

H0ZDMHSA1

15 | Building Technologies Program 
Core Materials Selection (cont)

Materials Efficiency Level Basecase 1 2 3 4 5 6M12

Design Line 11

M6 0.0%M5M4 81.0% 0.0% 0.0%M3 19.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%M2H0ZDMHSA1

Materials Efficiency Level Basecase 1 2 3 4 5 6 7M12

Design Line 12

M6M5 0.0% 0.0%M4 100.0% 71.1% 94.4% 0.0%M3 0.0% 28.9% 5.6% 100.0% 100.0%M2

16 | Building Technologies Program 

H0ZDMHSA1
Core Material Selection (cont)

Design Line 13A

Materials Efficiency Level Basecase 1 2 3 4 5 6M12M6M5 0.0%M4 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%M3 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%M2H0ZDMHSA1

D i Li 13B Design Line 13B

Materials Efficiency Level Basecase 1 2 3 4 5 6M12M6M5 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%M4 98.4% 8.9% 0.0%M3 1.6% 91.1% 100.0% 100.0%M2

17 | Building Technologies Program 

H0ZDMHSA1