# For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, June 9, 2010 USDL-10-0774 Technical information: (202) 691-6199 • NCSinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ect Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

# E MPLOYER 

# C OSTS 

# F OR 

# E MPLOYEE 

# C OMPENSATION



# – M ARCH 

# 2010 Employer costs for employee compensation averag ed $29.71 per hour worked in March 2010, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries av eraged $20.67 per hour worked and accounted for 69.6 percent of these co sts, while benefits averaged $9.04 and accounted for the remaining 30.4 percent. Total employer compensation costs for private industry workers averaged $27.73 per hour worked in March 2010. Tota l employer compensation costs for State and local government workers averaged $39.81 per hour worked in March 2010. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC), a product of the National Compensation Survey, measures employer costs for wages, salaries, and employee benefits for nonfarm private and State and local government workers.

Metropolitan area costs in private industry Total compensation costs for 15 metropolitan areas ranged from $38.62 for the Boston-WorcesterManchester, MA-NH CSA and $38.52 for the San Jose -San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA, to $24.00 in the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL MSA. Employer costs for wages and salaries in the Cost per hour worked



## Chart 2. Employer costs for employee compensation per hour worked: health insurance benefit costs by establishment employment size, private industry, March 2010 Cost per hour worked 

## Chart 1. Employer costs for employee compensation per hour worked: total compensation, wages and salaries, and benefits by selected metropolitan area and U.S., private industry, March 2010



# Metropolitan Area Data Series Total compensation, wages and salaries, and benefit costs in private industry are included annually for the first time in this release (table 15) for 15 combined and metropolitan statistical areas (CSA and MSA).

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# San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA were $27.10 per hour worked. Employer costs for benefits in the Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH CSA were $12.36 per hour. (See chart 1 and table 15.) Civilian Civilian employer costs, which include private industry and State and local governmentworkers, averaged $2.62 per hour worked for insurance benefits (life, health, and disability insurance), or 8.8 percent of total compensation. In addition to insurance, the other benefit categories were: paid leave (vacation, holiday, sick leave, and personal leav e); which averaged $2.06 (6.9 percent of total compensation); supplemental pay (overtime and premium, shif t differentials, and nonproduction bonuses); which averaged 73 cents per hour worked (2.5 percent); retirement and savings (defined benefit and defined contribution plans), whic h averaged $1.32 per hour (4.5 percent); and legally required benefits (Social Security, Medicare, unemployment insurance, and workers’ compensation), which averaged $2.30 per hour worked (7.7 pe rcent). (See table A and table 1.) Private industry Private industry employer costs for paid leave averaged $1.88 per hour work ed (6.8 percent of total compensation), supplemental pay averaged 81 cents (2.9 percent), insurance benefits averaged $2.22 (8.0 percent), retirement and savings averaged 96 cents (3.5 percent), and legally required benefits averaged $2.28 (8.2 percent) per hour worked. (See table A and table 5.) Health insurance cost s in private industry The average cost for health insurance benefits was $2.08 per hour worked in private industry (7.5 percent of total compensation) in March 2010. In March 2000, employer costs for health benefits averaged $1.09, or 5.5 percent of total compensation. Among occupational groups, employer costs for health insurance benefits ranged from 92 cents per hour and 6.7 percent of total compensation for serv ice workers, to $3.03 a nd 6.2 percent of total compensation for management, professional, and related occupations. Among other occupational categories, employer costs for health benefits averaged $1.87 (8.6 percent) for sales and office occupations, lower than $2.49 (8.0 percent) for na tural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations, and $2.34 (9.9 percent) for production, tr ansportation, and material moving occupations. (See table 5.) Employer costs for health insurance benefits were significantly higher for union workers, averaging $4.38 per hour (11.8 percent), than for nonunion workers, averaging $1.82 (6.8 percent). (See table 5.) In goods-producing industries, health insurance bene fit costs were higher, at $2.88 per hour (8.9 percent of total compensation), than in service-providing industries, at $1.92 per hour(7.2 percent of total compensation). (See table 6.) Among the four regions, costs for he alth insurance benefits ranged from $1.78 per hour in the South to $2.40 in the Northeast. Health care costs were $2.21 in the Midw est and $2.11 in the West

. Within census divisions, hourly health benefit costs ranged from $1.68 in the West South Central division to $2.40 in the New England and Middle Atla ntic divisions. (See table 7.) Health insurance benefit costs in creased, both in average hourly dolla r am ount and as a proportion of total compensation, with establishment size. Estab lishments with fewer than 50 workers averaged $1.34 (6.0 percent); those with 50-99 workers averaged$1.82 (7.2 percent); those with 100-499 employees averaged $2.36 (8.3 percent); and th ose with 500 or more employees averaged $3.38 (8.5 percent). (See chart 2 and table 8.)

# - 3 - 

# For information on health insurance provisions, see National Compensation Survey: Employee Benefits in the United States, March 2009, at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/eb s/benefits/2009/benefits.htm.
Table A. Relative importance of empl oyer costs for employee compensation, March 2010

Compensation

component Civilian workers Private industry State and local government Wages and salaries 69.6% 70.6% 65.9% Benefits 30.4 29.4 34.1 Paid leave 6.9 6.8 7.5 Supplemental pay 2.5 2.9 0.8 Insurance 8.8 8.0 11.8 Health 8.3 7.5 11.4 Retirement and savings 4.5 3.5 7.9 Defined benefit 2.7 1.5 7.1 Defined contribution 1.7 2.0 0.8 Legally required 7.7 8.2 6.0



# _____________ Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for June 2010 is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, September 8, 2010, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT). Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data on total compensation, wages and salaries, and benefits in private industry are produced annually in the March re ference period for 15 metropolitan areas. For further information about metropolitan area ECEC estimates see: “BLS Introduces New Employer Costs for Employee Compensation Data for Private Industry Work ers in 15 Metropolitan Areas,” at http://www.bls .gov/opub/cwc/cm20090921ar01p1.htm. Historical ECEC data are available in three listings, all available at http://www.bls.gov/ ect/#tables. The first historical listing covers datafor the March reference periods from 1986 to 2001. These data use the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) and Census of Population occupational classification systems. The second listing contains data for the March, June , September, and December reference periods from March 2002 to December 2003. These data are also based on the SIC and Census of Population occupational classification systems. The final li sting includes data from March 2004 to the current reference period. These are based on the North Am erican Industry Classification System (NAICS) and Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) systems. Supplemental tables with occupational, establishmen t size, and bargaining stat us series for detailed industries are available at http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ ect/sp/ecsuphst.pdf and http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuptc14.pdf. Relative standard errors for all cost estimates in th e most recent news release and supplementary tables are available at ftp://ftp.bls.gov/pub/sp ecial.requests/ocwc/ect/ececrse.pdf and http://www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/sp/ecsuprse.pdf. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request— Telephone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. BLS news releases, including the ECEC, are available through an e-mail subscription service at: www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm.

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# TECHNICAL NOTE
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation (ECEC) meas ures the average cost to employers for wages and salaries and benefits per employee hour worked. ECEC includes the civilian economy, which includes data from both private industry and State and local government. Excluded from privat e industry are the self-employed and farm and private household workers. Federal government workers are excluded fr om the public sector. The private industry series and the State and local government series pr ovide data for the two sectors separately. The cost levels for this quarter were collectedfrom a probability sample of approximately 63,300 occupations selected from a sample of about 13,300 establishments inprivate industry and approximately 11,600 occupations from a sample of about 1,800 establishments in State and local government. The private industry sample is rota ted over approximately 5 years, which makes the sample more representative of the economy a nd reduces respondent burden. The State and local government sample, which is replaced less frequently than the private industry sample, was replaced in its entirety in September 2007. The sample is replacedon a cross-area, cross-i ndustry basis. Data are collected for the pay period including the 12 th

# day of the survey months of March, June, September, and December. Comparing private and public sector data Compensation cost levels in State and local governmen t should not be directly compared with levels in private industry. Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation in work activities and occupational structur es. Manufacturing and sales, for ex ample, make up a large part of private industry work activities but are rare in State and local government. Professional and administrative support occupations (including teachers) account for two-thirds of the State and local government workforce, compared wi th one-half of private industry. ECEC quarterly publication focus ECEC news releases are published quarterly, provid ing civilian, private indus try, and State and local government cost per hour estimates as well as additio nal detail on a specific compensation cost topic of interest. This quarter focuses on employer compensation costs in selected metr opolitan areas and health benefit costs in private industry. T opics of news releases for the upcoming reference periods are as follows:

 June 2010—Retirement and savings be nefit costs in private industry

 September 2010—Compensation costs in State and local government
ECEC detailed information and measures For detailed information on Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, see Chapter 8 ,” National Compensation Measures ,” of the BLS Handbook of Methods at: http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch8.pdf and http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch8_a.htm.

# - 5 - **Table 1. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Civilian workers, by major occupational and industry group, March 2010** 

Compensation

component Occupational group

All workers 1 

### Management, professional, and related Sales and office Service

Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $29.71 100.0 $48.66 100.0 $22.30 100.0 $16.26 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 20.67 69.6 34.08 70.0 15.71 70.4 11.55 71.0 Total benefits ........................................................ 9.04 30.4 14.58 30.0 6.59 29.6 4.71 29.0

Paid leave ......................................................... 2.06 6.9 3.85 7.9 1.47 6.6 0.90 5.6

Vacation ........................................................ 0.99 3.3 1.80 3.7 0.72 3.2 0.43 2.6 Holiday .......................................................... 0.65 2.2 1.16 2.4 0.48 2.1 0.28 1.7 Sick ............................................................... 0.32 1.1 0.67 1.4 0.21 0.9 0.15 0.9 Personal ....................................................... 0.11 0.4 0.22 0.5 0.07 0.3 0.04 0.3 Supplemental pay ............................................. 0.73 2.5 1.21 2.5 0.46 2.0 0.29 1.8

Overtime and premium 4 

### ............................... 0.25 0.8 0.16 0.3 0.14 0.6 0.17 1.0 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.06 0.2 0.10 0.2 0.02 0.1 0.05 0.3 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.42 1.4 0.95 1.9 0.30 1.3 0.07 0.4
Insurance .......................................................... 2.62 8.8 3.88 8.0 2.17 9.7 1.41 8.7

Life ................................................................ 0.05 0.2 0.09 0.2 0.03 0.2 0.02 0.1 Health ........................................................... 2.48 8.3 3.63 7.5 2.08 9.3 1.37 8.4 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.05 0.2 0.07 0.1 0.03 0.2 0.02 0.1 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.04 0.1 0.08 0.2 0.03 0.1 5 

### ( ) 6 

### ( ) Retirement and savings .................................... 1.32 4.5 2.45 5.0 0.75 3.4 0.63 3.9

Defined benefit ............................................. 0.81 2.7 1.48 3.0 0.35 1.6 0.49 3.0 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.51 1.7 0.98 2.0 0.39 1.8 0.14 0.8 Legally required benefits .................................. 2.30 7.7 3.19 6.6 1.74 7.8 1.48 9.1

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.68 5.6 2.66 5.5 1.31 5.9 0.97 5.9

Social Security 7 

### ........................................ 1.34 4.5 2.10 4.3 1.06 4.8 0.77 4.8 Medicare ................................................... 0.34 1.1 0.56 1.2 0.25 1.1 0.19 1.2 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.03 0.1 0.02 6 

### ( ) 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.2 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.15 0.5 0.14 0.3 0.15 0.7 0.13 0.8 Workers’ compensation ................................ 0.44 1.5 0.37 0.8 0.25 1.1 0.36 2.2

See footnotes at end of table.

# - 6 - **Table 1. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Civilian workers, by major occupational and industry group, March 2010 — Continued** 

Compensation

component Occupational group Industry group
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance Production, transportation, and material moving Goodsproducing 2 

### Serviceproviding 3



### Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $31.34 100.0 $23.99 100.0 $32.45 100.0 $29.25 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 21.10 67.3 15.95 66.5 21.64 66.7 20.51 70.1 Total benefits ........................................................ 10.24 32.7 8.04 33.5 10.81 33.3 8.74 29.9

Paid leave ......................................................... 1.73 5.5 1.45 6.1 2.11 6.5 2.06 7.0

Vacation ........................................................ 0.90 2.9 0.73 3.1 1.12 3.5 0.97 3.3 Holiday .......................................................... 0.56 1.8 0.50 2.1 0.75 2.3 0.63 2.2 Sick ............................................................... 0.18 0.6 0.16 0.7 0.18 0.6 0.34 1.2 Personal ....................................................... 0.08 0.3 0.05 0.2 0.06 0.2 0.11 0.4 Supplemental pay ............................................. 0.95 3.0 0.79 3.3 1.21 3.7 0.65 2.2

Overtime and premium 4 

### ............................... 0.65 2.1 0.52 2.1 0.57 1.8 0.19 0.7 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.05 0.2 0.09 0.4 0.09 0.3 0.06 0.2 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.26 0.8 0.19 0.8 0.55 1.7 0.40 1.4
Insurance .......................................................... 2.83 9.0 2.59 10.8 3.09 9.5 2.54 8.7

Life ................................................................ 0.06 0.2 0.05 0.2 0.07 0.2 0.05 0.2 Health ........................................................... 2.66 8.5 2.43 10.1 2.89 8.9 2.41 8.2 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.08 0.3 0.06 0.3 0.09 0.3 0.04 0.1 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.03 0.1 0.04 0.2 0.05 0.1 0.04 0.1 Retirement and savings .................................... 1.63 5.2 0.94 3.9 1.48 4.6 1.30 4.4

Defined benefit ............................................. 1.14 3.6 0.58 2.4 0.86 2.7 0.80 2.7 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.49 1.6 0.36 1.5 0.62 1.9 0.49 1.7 Legally required benefits .................................. 3.10 9.9 2.27 9.5 2.92 9.0 2.19 7.5

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.78 5.7 1.36 5.7 1.85 5.7 1.65 5.6

Social Security 7 

### ........................................ 1.43 4.6 1.10 4.6 1.49 4.6 1.31 4.5 Medicare ................................................... 0.34 1.1 0.26 1.1 0.36 1.1 0.34 1.1 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.20 0.6 0.19 0.8 0.23 0.7 0.14 0.5 Workers’ compensation ................................ 1.10 3.5 0.69 2.9 0.81 2.5 0.38 1.3

1 

### Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy excluding households and the public sector excluding the Federal government.

2 

### Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.

3 

### Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration. 4 

### Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).

5 

### Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less. 6 

### Less than .05 percent. 7 

### Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 7 - **Table 2. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Civilian workers, by occupational and industry group, March 2010** 

Series Totalcompensation Wages and salaries Benefit costs

Total Paid leave Supplemental

pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost per hour worked

Civilian workers 1 ....................................................... $29.71 $20.67 $9.04 $2.06 $0.73 $2.62 $1.32 $2.30 **Occupational group** Management, professional, and related ....... 48.66 34.08 14.58 3.85 1.21 3.88 2.45 3.19

Management, business, and financial ...... 55.26 38.17 17.09 5.04 1.95 3.93 2.57 3.60 Professional and related ........................... 46.29 32.61 13.68 3.42 0.94 3.86 2.41 3.05

Teachers 2 ............................................. 52.50 37.72 14.78 2.72 0.14 5.09 3.81 3.02

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers .............. 51.08 36.41 14.67 2.42 0.16 5.59 3.74 2.77 Registered nurses ................................ 47.69 33.42 14.26 3.95 1.52 3.46 1.83 3.50 Sales and office ............................................ 22.30 15.71 6.59 1.47 0.46 2.17 0.75 1.74

Sales and related ...................................... 20.65 15.38 5.27 1.12 0.51 1.40 0.51 1.73 Office and administrative support ............. 23.27 15.91 7.36 1.68 0.43 2.62 0.89 1.74 Service .......................................................... 16.26 11.55 4.71 0.90 0.29 1.41 0.63 1.48 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............................................... 31.34 21.10 10.24 1.73 0.95 2.83 1.63 3.10 Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry 3 ........................................... 31.20 20.77 10.43 1.30 1.02 2.71 1.95 3.44 Installation, maintenance, and repair ........ 31.48 21.43 10.06 2.17 0.89 2.94 1.31 2.75 Production, transportation, and material moving ........................................................ 23.99 15.95 8.04 1.45 0.79 2.59 0.94 2.27 Production ................................................ 24.33 16.12 8.21 1.58 0.93 2.69 0.78 2.24 Transportation and material moving ......... 23.67 15.79 7.87 1.33 0.66 2.49 1.10 2.29 **Industry group**
Education and health services ...................... 34.44 24.12 10.32 2.42 0.43 3.36 1.79 2.31

Educational services ................................. 41.99 29.21 12.78 2.65 0.15 4.56 2.97 2.46

Elementary and secondary schools ...... 41.89 28.99 12.90 2.26 0.15 4.97 3.19 2.33 Junior colleges, colleges, and universities ......................................... 44.82 31.12 13.70 3.76 0.14 4.18 2.86 2.77 Health care and social assistance ............ 28.83 20.35 8.49 2.25 0.64 2.47 0.92 2.21

Hospitals ............................................... 36.39 24.47 11.92 3.18 1.09 3.62 1.45 2.59 Percent of total compensation

Civilian workers 1 ....................................................... 100.0 69.6 30.4 6.9 2.5 8.8 4.5 7.7 **Occupational group** Management, professional, and related ....... 100.0 70.0 30.0 7.9 2.5 8.0 5.0 6.6

Management, business, and financial ...... 100.0 69.1 30.9 9.1 3.5 7.1 4.6 6.5 Professional and related ........................... 100.0 70.4 29.6 7.4 2.0 8.3 5.2 6.6

Teachers 2 ............................................. 100.0 71.8 28.2 5.2 0.3 9.7 7.3 5.8

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers .............. 100.0 71.3 28.7 4.7 0.3 10.9 7.3 5.4 Registered nurses ................................ 100.0 70.1 29.9 8.3 3.2 7.3 3.8 7.3 Sales and office ............................................ 100.0 70.4 29.6 6.6 2.0 9.7 3.4 7.8

Sales and related ...................................... 100.0 74.5 25.5 5.4 2.5 6.8 2.5 8.4 Office and administrative support ............. 100.0 68.4 31.6 7.2 1.8 11.3 3.8 7.5 Service .......................................................... 100.0 71.0 29.0 5.6 1.8 8.7 3.9 9.1 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............................................... 100.0 67.3 32.7 5.5 3.0 9.0 5.2 9.9 Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry 3 ........................................... 100.0 66.6 33.4 4.2 3.3 8.7 6.3 11.0 Installation, maintenance, and repair ........ 100.0 68.1 31.9 6.9 2.8 9.3 4.2 8.7 Production, transportation, and material moving ........................................................ 100.0 66.5 33.5 6.1 3.3 10.8 3.9 9.5 Production ................................................ 100.0 66.3 33.7 6.5 3.8 11.1 3.2 9.2 Transportation and material moving ......... 100.0 66.7 33.3 5.6 2.8 10.5 4.7 9.7 **Industry group**
Education and health services ...................... 100.0 70.0 30.0 7.0 1.2 9.8 5.2 6.7

Educational services ................................. 100.0 69.6 30.4 6.3 0.3 10.9 7.1 5.8

Elementary and secondary schools ...... 100.0 69.2 30.8 5.4 0.4 11.9 7.6 5.6 Junior colleges, colleges, and universities ......................................... 100.0 69.4 30.6 8.4 0.3 9.3 6.4 6.2 Health care and social assistance ............ 100.0 70.6 29.4 7.8 2.2 8.6 3.2 7.6

Hospitals ............................................... 100.0 67.2 32.8 8.7 3.0 9.9 4.0 7.1

1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy excluding households and the public sector excluding the Federal government.

2 Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.

3 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of December 2006. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 8 - **Table 3. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: State and loc al**  **government workers, by major occupational and industry group, March 2010**

Compensation

component Occupational group 1 Industry group

All workers Management, professional, and related Sales and office Service Service-providing 2

Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $39.81 100.0 $48.34 100.0 $27.63 100.0 $29.51 100.0 $39.86 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 26.25 65.9 33.09 68.4 16.96 61.4 17.81 60.4 26.30 66.0 Total benefits ........................................................ 13.56 34.1 15.26 31.6 10.67 38.6 11.70 39.6 13.56 34.0

Paid leave ......................................................... 3.00 7.5 3.34 6.9 2.50 9.0 2.61 8.9 3.00 7.5

Vacation ........................................................ 1.13 2.8 1.12 2.3 1.12 4.0 1.13 3.8 1.12 2.8 Holiday .......................................................... 0.89 2.2 0.94 2.0 0.79 2.8 0.84 2.9 0.89 2.2 Sick ............................................................... 0.77 1.9 0.99 2.0 0.49 1.8 0.52 1.8 0.78 1.9 Personal ....................................................... 0.21 0.5 0.29 0.6 0.11 0.4 0.12 0.4 0.22 0.5 Supplemental pay ............................................. 0.33 0.8 0.25 0.5 0.20 0.7 0.55 1.9 0.33 0.8

Overtime and premium 3 ............................... 0.17 0.4 0.08 0.2 0.11 0.4 0.36 1.2 0.17 0.4 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.04 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.02 0.1 0.08 0.3 0.04 0.1 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.12 0.3 0.14 0.3 0.07 0.2 0.11 0.4 0.12 0.3
Insurance .......................................................... 4.68 11.8 5.21 10.8 4.23 15.3 3.77 12.8 4.68 11.8

Life ................................................................ 0.09 0.2 0.12 0.3 0.05 0.2 0.04 0.2 0.09 0.2 Health ........................................................... 4.52 11.4 5.00 10.3 4.13 15.0 3.68 12.5 4.53 11.4 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.02 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.02 0.1 0.02 0.1 0.02 0.1 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.05 0.1 0.06 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.05 0.1 Retirement and savings .................................... 3.16 7.9 3.72 7.7 2.02 7.3 2.79 9.5 3.16 7.9

Defined benefit ............................................. 2.84 7.1 3.32 6.9 1.78 6.4 2.58 8.7 2.84 7.1 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.32 0.8 0.41 0.8 0.23 0.8 0.21 0.7 0.32 0.8 Legally required benefits .................................. 2.39 6.0 2.73 5.7 1.74 6.3 1.98 6.7 2.38 6.0

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.86 4.7 2.27 4.7 1.34 4.9 1.31 4.4 1.86 4.7

Social Security 4 ........................................ 1.44 3.6 1.75 3.6 1.06 3.8 1.01 3.4 1.44 3.6 Medicare ................................................... 0.42 1.1 0.52 1.1 0.28 1.0 0.29 1.0 0.42 1.1 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 5 ( ) 6 ( ) State unemployment insurance .................... 0.07 0.2 0.07 0.1 0.06 0.2 0.08 0.3 0.07 0.2 Workers’ compensation ................................ 0.45 1.1 0.40 0.8 0.33 1.2 0.59 2.0 0.45 1.1

1 This table presents data for the three major occupational groups in State and local government: management, professional, and related occupations, including teachers; sales and office occupations, including clerical workers; and service occupations, including police and firefighters.

2 Service-providing industries, which include health and educational services, employ a large part of the State and local government workforce.

3 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays). 4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.

5 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less. 6 Less than .05 percent. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 9 - **Table 4. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: State and local government workers, by occupational and industry group, March 2010** 

Series Totalcompensation Wages and salaries Benefit costs

Total Paid leave Supplemental

pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost per hour worked
State and local government workers ........................ $39.81 $26.25 $13.56 $3.00 $0.33 $4.68 $3.16 $2.39 **Occupational group** Management, professional, and related ....... 48.34 33.09 15.26 3.34 0.25 5.21 3.72 2.73

Professional and related ........................... 47.49 32.65 14.84 3.03 0.23 5.22 3.69 2.66

Teachers 1 

### ............................................. 54.83 38.85 15.98 2.82 0.14 5.72 4.34 2.96

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers .............. 53.58 37.96 15.62 2.52 0.15 6.05 4.13 2.78 Sales and office ............................................ 27.63 16.96 10.67 2.50 0.20 4.23 2.02 1.74

Office and administrative support ............. 27.82 17.03 10.79 2.53 0.19 4.29 2.04 1.73 Service .......................................................... 29.51 17.81 11.70 2.61 0.55 3.77 2.79 1.98 **Industry group**
Education and health services ...................... 41.85 28.50 13.35 2.72 0.20 4.92 3.15 2.36

Educational services ................................. 42.84 29.38 13.46 2.64 0.15 5.00 3.29 2.37

Elementary and secondary schools ...... 42.49 29.22 13.27 2.29 0.15 5.17 3.36 2.30 Junior colleges, colleges, and universities ......................................... 44.28 30.13 14.15 3.80 0.13 4.51 3.11 2.59 Health care and social assistance ............ 34.90 22.29 12.61 3.25 0.61 4.31 2.16 2.28

Hospitals ............................................... 37.01 23.69 13.33 3.48 0.74 4.53 2.19 2.38 Public administration .................................... 37.69 23.24 14.46 3.61 0.56 4.44 3.41 2.44 Percent of total compensation
State and local government workers ........................ 100.0 65.9 34.1 7.5 0.8 11.8 7.9 6.0 **Occupational group** Management, professional, and related ....... 100.0 68.4 31.6 6.9 0.5 10.8 7.7 5.7

Professional and related ........................... 100.0 68.8 31.2 6.4 0.5 11.0 7.8 5.6

Teachers 1 

### ............................................. 100.0 70.9 29.1 5.1 0.2 10.4 7.9 5.4

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers .............. 100.0 70.8 29.2 4.7 0.3 11.3 7.7 5.2 Sales and office ............................................ 100.0 61.4 38.6 9.0 0.7 15.3 7.3 6.3

Office and administrative support ............. 100.0 61.2 38.8 9.1 0.7 15.4 7.3 6.2 Service .......................................................... 100.0 60.4 39.6 8.9 1.9 12.8 9.5 6.7 **Industry group**
Education and health services ...................... 100.0 68.1 31.9 6.5 0.5 11.8 7.5 5.6

Educational services ................................. 100.0 68.6 31.4 6.2 0.3 11.7 7.7 5.5

Elementary and secondary schools ...... 100.0 68.8 31.2 5.4 0.4 12.2 7.9 5.4 Junior colleges, colleges, and universities ......................................... 100.0 68.1 31.9 8.6 0.3 10.2 7.0 5.9 Health care and social assistance ............ 100.0 63.9 36.1 9.3 1.7 12.3 6.2 6.5

Hospitals ............................................... 100.0 64.0 36.0 9.4 2.0 12.2 5.9 6.4 Public administration .................................... 100.0 61.6 38.4 9.6 1.5 11.8 9.0 6.5

1 

### Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 10 - **Table 5. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major occupational group and bargaining unit status, March**  **2010**

Compensation component Occupational group

All workers Management, professional, and related Sales and office Service

Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $27.73 100.0 $48.80 100.0 $21.77 100.0 $13.71 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 19.58 70.6 34.52 70.7 15.59 71.6 10.34 75.4 Total benefits ........................................................ 8.15 29.4 14.28 29.3 6.18 28.4 3.37 24.6

Paid leave ......................................................... 1.88 6.8 4.07 8.3 1.37 6.3 0.57 4.2

Vacation ........................................................ 0.96 3.5 2.10 4.3 0.68 3.1 0.29 2.1 Holiday .......................................................... 0.60 2.2 1.26 2.6 0.45 2.1 0.18 1.3 Sick ............................................................... 0.23 0.8 0.53 1.1 0.18 0.8 0.08 0.6 Personal ....................................................... 0.09 0.3 0.19 0.4 0.07 0.3 0.03 0.2 Supplemental pay ............................................. 0.81 2.9 1.63 3.3 0.48 2.2 0.24 1.7

Overtime and premium 1 

### ............................... 0.26 0.9 0.19 0.4 0.14 0.7 0.13 1.0 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.07 0.2 0.14 0.3 0.02 0.1 0.04 0.3 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.48 1.7 1.30 2.7 0.32 1.5 0.06 0.5
Insurance .......................................................... 2.22 8.0 3.29 6.7 1.97 9.0 0.96 7.0

Life ................................................................ 0.04 0.2 0.08 0.2 0.03 0.2 2 

### ( ) 3 

### ( ) Health ........................................................... 2.08 7.5 3.03 6.2 1.87 8.6 0.92 6.7 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.05 0.2 0.09 0.2 0.04 0.2 0.02 0.1 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.04 0.2 0.09 0.2 0.03 0.1 2 

### ( ) 3 

### ( ) Retirement and savings .................................... 0.96 3.5 1.89 3.9 0.62 2.9 0.21 1.5

Defined benefit ............................................. 0.41 1.5 0.66 1.4 0.21 1.0 0.09 0.6 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.55 2.0 1.23 2.5 0.41 1.9 0.12 0.9 Legally required benefits .................................. 2.28 8.2 3.39 7.0 1.74 8.0 1.39 10.1

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.64 5.9 2.84 5.8 1.31 6.0 0.90 6.6

Social Security 4 

### ........................................ 1.32 4.8 2.26 4.6 1.06 4.9 0.73 5.3 Medicare ................................................... 0.32 1.2 0.58 1.2 0.25 1.2 0.17 1.2 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.2 0.04 0.3 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.17 0.6 0.18 0.4 0.16 0.7 0.13 1.0 Workers’ compensation ................................ 0.44 1.6 0.35 0.7 0.24 1.1 0.31 2.3

See footnotes at end of table.

# - 11 - **Table 5. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major occupational group and bargaining unit status, March**  **2010 — Continued**

Compensation

component Occupational group Bargaining unit status
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance Production, transportation, and material moving Union Nonunion

Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $31.10 100.0 $23.72 100.0 $37.16 100.0 $26.67 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 21.15 68.0 15.85 66.8 22.90 61.6 19.21 72.0 Total benefits ........................................................ 9.95 32.0 7.87 33.2 14.26 38.4 7.46 28.0

Paid leave ......................................................... 1.59 5.1 1.41 6.0 2.77 7.5 1.78 6.7

Vacation ........................................................ 0.85 2.7 0.73 3.1 1.43 3.8 0.91 3.4 Holiday .......................................................... 0.51 1.7 0.49 2.1 0.81 2.2 0.58 2.2 Sick ............................................................... 0.14 0.5 0.15 0.6 0.38 1.0 0.22 0.8 Personal ....................................................... 0.08 0.3 0.05 0.2 0.15 0.4 0.08 0.3 Supplemental pay ............................................. 1.00 3.2 0.80 3.4 1.12 3.0 0.77 2.9

Overtime and premium 1 ............................... 0.67 2.2 0.52 2.2 0.74 2.0 0.21 0.8 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.05 0.1 0.09 0.4 0.17 0.5 0.06 0.2 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.28 0.9 0.19 0.8 0.21 0.6 0.51 1.9
Insurance .......................................................... 2.66 8.6 2.50 10.5 4.68 12.6 1.94 7.3

Life ................................................................ 0.06 0.2 0.05 0.2 0.08 0.2 0.04 0.2 Health ........................................................... 2.49 8.0 2.34 9.9 4.38 11.8 1.82 6.8 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.09 0.3 0.06 0.3 0.14 0.4 0.04 0.2 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.03 0.1 0.05 0.2 0.08 0.2 0.04 0.1 Retirement and savings .................................... 1.53 4.9 0.89 3.7 2.53 6.8 0.79 2.9

Defined benefit ............................................. 1.00 3.2 0.52 2.2 1.81 4.9 0.25 1.0 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.53 1.7 0.37 1.6 0.72 1.9 0.53 2.0 Legally required benefits .................................. 3.18 10.2 2.27 9.6 3.16 8.5 2.18 8.2

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.80 5.8 1.36 5.7 2.00 5.4 1.60 6.0

Social Security 4 ........................................ 1.45 4.7 1.10 4.6 1.62 4.3 1.29 4.8 Medicare ................................................... 0.34 1.1 0.26 1.1 0.39 1.0 0.32 1.2 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.21 0.7 0.19 0.8 0.23 0.6 0.16 0.6 Workers’ compensation ................................ 1.14 3.7 0.69 2.9 0.90 2.4 0.39 1.4

1 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).

2 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less. 3 Less than .05 percent. 4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 12 - **Table 6. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private indus try**  **workers, by major industry group, March 2010**

Compensation

component Goods-producing 1 Service-providing 2

All goodsproducing 1 Construction Manufacturing Allserviceproviding 3 Trade, transportation, and utilities Information

Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $32.42 100.0 $31.33 100.0 $32.20 100.0 $26.77 100.0 $23.58 100.0 $41.25 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 21.64 66.7 21.67 69.2 21.26 66.0 19.16 71.6 16.65 70.6 28.20 68.4 Total benefits ........................................................ 10.78 33.3 9.66 30.8 10.94 34.0 7.61 28.4 6.94 29.4 13.05 31.6

Paid leave ......................................................... 2.10 6.5 1.13 3.6 2.44 7.6 1.84 6.9 1.42 6.0 3.81 9.2

Vacation ........................................................ 1.12 3.4 0.64 2.0 1.28 4.0 0.93 3.5 0.73 3.1 1.96 4.8 Holiday .......................................................... 0.75 2.3 0.39 1.2 0.88 2.7 0.57 2.1 0.44 1.9 1.01 2.5 Sick ............................................................... 0.18 0.6 0.08 0.2 0.22 0.7 0.24 0.9 0.19 0.8 0.46 1.1 Personal ....................................................... 0.06 0.2 0.03 0.1 0.07 0.2 0.09 0.3 0.06 0.2 0.38 0.9 Supplemental pay ............................................. 1.21 3.7 1.06 3.4 1.21 3.8 0.72 2.7 0.54 2.3 1.09 2.7

Overtime and premium 4 ............................... 0.57 1.8 0.63 2.0 0.54 1.7 0.20 0.7 0.26 1.1 0.36 0.9 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.09 0.3 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.13 0.4 0.06 0.2 0.02 0.1 0.06 0.1 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.55 1.7 0.43 1.4 0.55 1.7 0.46 1.7 0.25 1.1 0.67 1.6
Insurance .......................................................... 3.08 9.5 2.30 7.3 3.34 10.4 2.04 7.6 2.04 8.7 3.74 9.1

Life ................................................................ 0.07 0.2 0.06 0.2 0.07 0.2 0.04 0.1 0.04 0.2 0.05 0.1 Health ........................................................... 2.88 8.9 2.17 6.9 3.12 9.7 1.92 7.2 1.94 8.2 3.44 8.3 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.09 0.3 0.05 0.2 0.10 0.3 0.05 0.2 0.04 0.2 0.18 0.4 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.04 0.1 0.02 0.1 0.05 0.2 0.04 0.2 0.04 0.2 0.07 0.2 Retirement and savings .................................... 1.46 4.5 1.64 5.2 1.28 4.0 0.86 3.2 0.87 3.7 1.50 3.6

Defined benefit ............................................. 0.84 2.6 1.07 3.4 0.66 2.1 0.33 1.2 0.42 1.8 0.58 1.4 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.62 1.9 0.58 1.8 0.61 1.9 0.53 2.0 0.45 1.9 0.92 2.2 Legally required benefits .................................. 2.92 9.0 3.52 11.2 2.66 8.3 2.15 8.0 2.07 8.8 2.90 7.0

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.85 5.7 1.80 5.7 1.84 5.7 1.60 6.0 1.39 5.9 2.41 5.8

Social Security 7 ........................................ 1.49 4.6 1.46 4.6 1.48 4.6 1.28 4.8 1.12 4.7 1.93 4.7 Medicare ................................................... 0.36 1.1 0.34 1.1 0.36 1.1 0.32 1.2 0.27 1.1 0.48 1.2 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.04 0.2 0.03 0.1 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.23 0.7 0.29 0.9 0.21 0.7 0.15 0.6 0.16 0.7 0.18 0.4 Workers’ compensation ................................ 0.81 2.5 1.40 4.5 0.58 1.8 0.36 1.3 0.49 2.1 0.28 0.7

See footnotes at end of table.

# - 13 - **Table 6. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major industry group, March 2010 — Continued** 

Compensation

component Service-providing 2

Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Other services

Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $36.72 100.0 $33.48 100.0 $29.75 100.0 $11.98 100.0 $24.53 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 24.80 67.5 24.29 72.6 21.35 71.8 9.48 79.1 18.10 73.8 Total benefits ........................................................ 11.92 32.5 9.19 27.4 8.40 28.2 2.50 20.9 6.43 26.2

Paid leave ......................................................... 3.02 8.2 2.34 7.0 2.23 7.5 0.37 3.1 1.54 6.3

Vacation ........................................................ 1.53 4.2 1.22 3.6 1.09 3.7 0.21 1.8 0.71 2.9 Holiday .......................................................... 0.92 2.5 0.77 2.3 0.67 2.3 0.11 0.9 0.58 2.4 Sick ............................................................... 0.41 1.1 0.27 0.8 0.34 1.1 0.03 0.3 0.20 0.8 Personal ....................................................... 0.15 0.4 0.08 0.2 0.13 0.4 0.02 0.2 0.05 0.2 Supplemental pay ............................................. 1.83 5.0 1.16 3.5 0.57 1.9 0.12 1.0 0.57 2.3

Overtime and premium 4 ............................... 0.15 0.4 0.20 0.6 0.21 0.7 0.06 0.5 0.15 0.6 Shift differentials ........................................... 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.03 0.1 0.20 0.7 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 5 ( ) 6 ( ) Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 1.67 4.5 0.92 2.8 0.16 0.5 0.05 0.4 0.41 1.7
Insurance .......................................................... 3.04 8.3 2.13 6.4 2.37 8.0 0.64 5.4 1.53 6.3

Life ................................................................ 0.06 0.2 0.06 0.2 0.03 0.1 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.06 0.2 Health ........................................................... 2.82 7.7 1.97 5.9 2.24 7.5 0.61 5.1 1.42 5.8 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.09 0.3 0.06 0.2 0.04 0.1 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.03 0.1 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.06 0.2 0.05 0.2 0.05 0.2 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 0.03 0.1 Retirement and savings .................................... 1.59 4.3 0.97 2.9 0.94 3.2 0.10 0.9 0.66 2.7

Defined benefit ............................................. 0.63 1.7 0.32 1.0 0.27 0.9 0.02 0.2 0.27 1.1 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.96 2.6 0.65 1.9 0.66 2.2 0.08 0.7 0.39 1.6 Legally required benefits .................................. 2.44 6.7 2.58 7.7 2.28 7.7 1.26 10.5 2.12 8.7

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 2.07 5.6 1.99 6.0 1.78 6.0 0.84 7.0 1.51 6.2

Social Security 7 ........................................ 1.64 4.5 1.59 4.8 1.43 4.8 0.68 5.7 1.22 5.0 Medicare ................................................... 0.43 1.2 0.40 1.2 0.35 1.2 0.16 1.3 0.29 1.2 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.04 0.3 0.03 0.1 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.16 0.4 0.19 0.6 0.13 0.4 0.13 1.1 0.14 0.6 Workers’ compensation ................................ 0.18 0.5 0.36 1.1 0.34 1.2 0.24 2.0 0.43 1.8

1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.

2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.

3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

4 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).

5 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less. 6 Less than .05 percent. 7 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 14 - **Table 7. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by census region and division, March 2010** 

Compensation

component Census region and division 1
Northeast Northeast divisions South South divisions

Cost Percent New England Middle Atlantic Cost Percent South Atlantic

Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $32.13 100.0 $34.03 100.0 $31.38 100.0 $24.72 100.0 $25.54 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 22.18 69.0 23.45 68.9 21.68 69.1 17.76 71.8 18.38 72.0 Total benefits ........................................................ 9.95 31.0 10.58 31.1 9.70 30.9 6.96 28.2 7.16 28.0

Paid leave ......................................................... 2.37 7.4 2.51 7.4 2.32 7.4 1.61 6.5 1.70 6.6

Vacation ........................................................ 1.18 3.7 1.27 3.7 1.15 3.6 0.82 3.3 0.85 3.3 Holiday .......................................................... 0.75 2.3 0.82 2.4 0.73 2.3 0.52 2.1 0.55 2.1 Sick ............................................................... 0.31 1.0 0.30 0.9 0.31 1.0 0.20 0.8 0.21 0.8 Personal ....................................................... 0.13 0.4 0.13 0.4 0.13 0.4 0.07 0.3 0.08 0.3 Supplemental pay ............................................. 1.22 3.8 1.63 4.8 1.06 3.4 0.67 2.7 0.63 2.5

Overtime and premium 2 ............................... 0.26 0.8 0.26 0.8 0.27 0.8 0.25 1.0 0.24 0.9 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.07 0.2 0.06 0.2 0.07 0.2 0.07 0.3 0.07 0.3 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.89 2.8 1.32 3.9 0.72 2.3 0.35 1.4 0.32 1.2
Insurance .......................................................... 2.58 8.0 2.59 7.6 2.57 8.2 1.90 7.7 1.96 7.7

Life ................................................................ 0.05 0.2 0.06 0.2 0.05 0.1 0.04 0.2 0.04 0.2 Health ........................................................... 2.40 7.5 2.40 7.1 2.40 7.6 1.78 7.2 1.83 7.2 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.08 0.2 0.07 0.2 0.08 0.3 0.04 0.2 0.05 0.2 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.05 0.1 0.06 0.2 0.04 0.1 0.04 0.2 0.04 0.2 Retirement and savings .................................... 1.19 3.7 1.19 3.5 1.19 3.8 0.80 3.2 0.83 3.2

Defined benefit ............................................. 0.49 1.5 0.45 1.3 0.51 1.6 0.31 1.3 0.30 1.2 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.70 2.2 0.74 2.2 0.68 2.2 0.49 2.0 0.53 2.1 Legally required benefits .................................. 2.59 8.1 2.66 7.8 2.56 8.2 1.98 8.0 2.05 8.0

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.87 5.8 1.98 5.8 1.82 5.8 1.49 6.0 1.54 6.0

Social Security 3 ........................................ 1.49 4.6 1.58 4.6 1.46 4.6 1.20 4.9 1.24 4.9 Medicare ................................................... 0.37 1.2 0.40 1.2 0.36 1.2 0.29 1.2 0.30 1.2 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.24 0.7 0.25 0.7 0.24 0.8 0.10 0.4 0.10 0.4 Workers’ compensation ................................ 0.45 1.4 0.40 1.2 0.47 1.5 0.35 1.4 0.38 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.

# - 15 - **Table 7. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by census region and division, March 2010 — Continued** 

Compensation

component Census region and division 1
South divisions Midwest Midwest divisions East South

Central West South Central Cost Percent East North Central West North Central Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $21.35 100.0 $24.99 100.0 $26.75 100.0 $27.09 100.0 $26.04 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 15.16 71.0 17.99 72.0 18.73 70.0 18.83 69.5 18.53 71.2 Total benefits ........................................................ 6.18 29.0 7.00 28.0 8.02 30.0 8.26 30.5 7.51 28.8

Paid leave ......................................................... 1.32 6.2 1.61 6.4 1.77 6.6 1.81 6.7 1.67 6.4

Vacation ........................................................ 0.69 3.2 0.82 3.3 0.93 3.5 0.94 3.5 0.92 3.5 Holiday .......................................................... 0.42 2.0 0.53 2.1 0.56 2.1 0.59 2.2 0.51 1.9 Sick ............................................................... 0.14 0.7 0.20 0.8 0.19 0.7 0.19 0.7 0.19 0.7 Personal ....................................................... 0.06 0.3 0.06 0.3 0.08 0.3 0.09 0.3 0.05 0.2 Supplemental pay ............................................. 0.53 2.5 0.80 3.2 0.71 2.7 0.75 2.8 0.64 2.4

Overtime and premium 2 ............................... 0.24 1.1 0.28 1.1 0.27 1.0 0.29 1.1 0.25 0.9 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.07 0.4 0.05 0.2 0.08 0.3 0.08 0.3 0.06 0.2 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.21 1.0 0.47 1.9 0.36 1.3 0.37 1.4 0.32 1.2
Insurance .......................................................... 1.93 9.0 1.81 7.2 2.36 8.8 2.46 9.1 2.15 8.3

Life ................................................................ 0.05 0.2 0.05 0.2 0.05 0.2 0.05 0.2 0.05 0.2 Health ........................................................... 1.81 8.5 1.68 6.7 2.21 8.3 2.31 8.5 2.01 7.7 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.04 0.2 0.04 0.2 0.06 0.2 0.07 0.2 0.04 0.2 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.03 0.2 0.04 0.1 0.04 0.2 0.04 0.1 0.05 0.2 Retirement and savings .................................... 0.61 2.9 0.84 3.4 0.99 3.7 1.00 3.7 0.95 3.7

Defined benefit ............................................. 0.28 1.3 0.34 1.4 0.46 1.7 0.50 1.8 0.37 1.4 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.33 1.6 0.50 2.0 0.53 2.0 0.50 1.9 0.59 2.3 Legally required benefits .................................. 1.80 8.4 1.95 7.8 2.20 8.2 2.24 8.3 2.10 8.1

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.31 6.1 1.49 6.0 1.57 5.9 1.60 5.9 1.52 5.8

Social Security 3 ........................................ 1.06 5.0 1.20 4.8 1.26 4.7 1.29 4.8 1.22 4.7 Medicare ................................................... 0.25 1.2 0.30 1.2 0.31 1.2 0.31 1.1 0.30 1.2 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.03 0.2 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.10 0.5 0.11 0.4 0.18 0.7 0.19 0.7 0.16 0.6 Workers’ compensation ................................ 0.35 1.6 0.31 1.2 0.41 1.5 0.43 1.6 0.39 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.

# - 16 - **Table 7. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by census region and division,**  **March 2010 — Continued**

Compensation

component Census region and division 1


### West West divisions

Cost Percent Mountain Pacific

Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $29.52 100.0 $26.59 100.0 $30.78 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 21.00 71.1 19.29 72.6 21.74 70.6 Total benefits ........................................................ 8.52 28.9 7.30 27.4 9.04 29.4

Paid leave ......................................................... 1.98 6.7 1.72 6.5 2.09 6.8

Vacation ........................................................ 1.02 3.5 0.88 3.3 1.09 3.5 Holiday .......................................................... 0.63 2.1 0.55 2.1 0.66 2.1 Sick ............................................................... 0.26 0.9 0.22 0.8 0.28 0.9 Personal ....................................................... 0.07 0.2 0.07 0.3 0.07 0.2 Supplemental pay ............................................. 0.75 2.6 0.65 2.4 0.80 2.6

Overtime and premium 2 

### ............................... 0.27 0.9 0.22 0.8 0.29 0.9 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.06 0.2 0.05 0.2 0.06 0.2 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.43 1.5 0.38 1.4 0.45 1.5
Insurance .......................................................... 2.23 7.6 1.95 7.3 2.35 7.6

Life ................................................................ 0.04 0.1 0.05 0.2 0.04 0.1 Health ........................................................... 2.11 7.1 1.83 6.9 2.23 7.2 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.04 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.04 0.1 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.04 0.1 0.04 0.1 0.04 0.1 Retirement and savings .................................... 0.99 3.4 0.81 3.1 1.07 3.5

Defined benefit ............................................. 0.46 1.5 0.31 1.2 0.52 1.7 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.54 1.8 0.50 1.9 0.55 1.8 Legally required benefits .................................. 2.56 8.7 2.17 8.2 2.73 8.9

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.75 5.9 1.59 6.0 1.82 5.9

Social Security 3 

### ........................................ 1.41 4.8 1.27 4.8 1.47 4.8 Medicare ................................................... 0.35 1.2 0.31 1.2 0.36 1.2 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.19 0.6 0.13 0.5 0.21 0.7 Workers’ compensation ................................ 0.59 2.0 0.42 1.6 0.66 2.1

1 

### The States that comprise the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

2 

### Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).

3 

### Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 17 - **Table 8. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private indus try**  **workers, by establishment employment size, March 2010**

Compensation

component 1-99 workers 100 workers or more

1-99 workers 1-49 workers 50-99 workers 100 workers or more 100-499 workers 500 workers or more Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent Total compensation .................................................. $22.84 100.0 $22.10 100.0 $25.10 100.0 $33.33 100.0 $28.55 100.0 $39.76 100.0

Wages and salaries .............................................. 16.82 73.6 16.41 74.3 18.05 71.9 22.74 68.2 19.99 70.0 26.45 66.5 Total benefits ........................................................ 6.02 26.4 5.68 25.7 7.05 28.1 10.59 31.8 8.57 30.0 13.31 33.5

Paid leave ......................................................... 1.26 5.5 1.19 5.4 1.51 6.0 2.58 7.8 1.96 6.9 3.43 8.6

Vacation ........................................................ 0.63 2.8 0.59 2.7 0.74 3.0 1.34 4.0 1.00 3.5 1.80 4.5 Holiday .......................................................... 0.43 1.9 0.41 1.8 0.51 2.0 0.79 2.4 0.63 2.2 1.01 2.5 Sick ............................................................... 0.15 0.7 0.14 0.6 0.19 0.7 0.33 1.0 0.24 0.8 0.45 1.1 Personal ....................................................... 0.05 0.2 0.05 0.2 0.07 0.3 0.12 0.4 0.09 0.3 0.16 0.4 Supplemental pay ............................................. 0.61 2.7 0.58 2.6 0.69 2.7 1.03 3.1 0.77 2.7 1.39 3.5

Overtime and premium 1 ............................... 0.19 0.8 0.17 0.8 0.25 1.0 0.34 1.0 0.31 1.1 0.39 1.0 Shift differentials ........................................... 0.02 0.1 2 ( ) 3 ( ) 0.03 0.1 0.13 0.4 0.07 0.2 0.20 0.5 Nonproduction bonuses ................................ 0.40 1.8 0.40 1.8 0.40 1.6 0.56 1.7 0.38 1.3 0.81 2.0
Insurance .......................................................... 1.54 6.7 1.41 6.4 1.93 7.7 3.00 9.0 2.51 8.8 3.65 9.2

Life ................................................................ 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.04 0.2 0.06 0.2 0.05 0.2 0.07 0.2 Health ........................................................... 1.45 6.4 1.34 6.0 1.82 7.2 2.79 8.4 2.36 8.3 3.38 8.5 Short-term disability ...................................... 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.04 0.2 0.08 0.2 0.06 0.2 0.11 0.3 Long-term disability ...................................... 0.02 0.1 0.02 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.06 0.2 0.04 0.1 0.09 0.2 Retirement and savings .................................... 0.56 2.5 0.51 2.3 0.72 2.9 1.42 4.3 0.99 3.5 2.00 5.0

Defined benefit ............................................. 0.20 0.9 0.18 0.8 0.29 1.1 0.65 2.0 0.42 1.5 0.97 2.4 Defined contribution ...................................... 0.36 1.6 0.33 1.5 0.44 1.8 0.77 2.3 0.58 2.0 1.03 2.6 Legally required benefits .................................. 2.04 8.9 1.99 9.0 2.21 8.8 2.55 7.7 2.33 8.2 2.85 7.2

Social Security and Medicare ....................... 1.40 6.1 1.36 6.2 1.52 6.1 1.92 5.8 1.66 5.8 2.27 5.7

Social Security 4 ........................................ 1.13 4.9 1.10 5.0 1.22 4.9 1.54 4.6 1.33 4.7 1.82 4.6 Medicare ................................................... 0.27 1.2 0.26 1.2 0.30 1.2 0.38 1.1 0.33 1.2 0.45 1.1 Federal unemployment insurance ................ 0.04 0.2 0.04 0.2 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 0.03 0.1 State unemployment insurance .................... 0.17 0.7 0.17 0.8 0.17 0.7 0.17 0.5 0.18 0.6 0.15 0.4 Workers’ compensation ................................ 0.44 1.9 0.43 1.9 0.48 1.9 0.43 1.3 0.46 1.6 0.39 1.0

1 Includes premium pay for work in addition to the regular work schedule (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays).

2 Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less. 3 Less than .05 percent. 4 Comprises the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 18 - **Table 9. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, goods-producing and service-providing industries, by occupational group, March 2010** 

Series Totalcompensation Wages and salaries Benefit costs

Total Paid leave Supplemental

pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost per hour worked

**All workers in private industry** .................................................... $27.73 $19.58 $8.15 $1.88 $0.81 $2.22 $0.96 $2.28 Management, professional, and related ............................. 48.80 34.52 14.28 4.07 1.63 3.29 1.89 3.39

Management, business, and financial ............................ 55.73 38.75 16.98 5.03 2.31 3.67 2.28 3.69 Professional and related ................................................. 45.63 32.59 13.05 3.64 1.33 3.11 1.71 3.26 Sales and office .................................................................. 21.77 15.59 6.18 1.37 0.48 1.97 0.62 1.74

Sales and related ............................................................ 20.60 15.37 5.22 1.11 0.51 1.38 0.49 1.73 Office and administrative support ................................... 22.55 15.73 6.82 1.55 0.46 2.36 0.71 1.75 Service ................................................................................ 13.71 10.34 3.37 0.57 0.24 0.96 0.21 1.39 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............ 31.10 21.15 9.95 1.59 1.00 2.66 1.53 3.18

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry 1 31.03 20.88 10.15 1.11 1.08 2.53 1.86 3.57 Installation, maintenance, and repair .............................. 31.17 21.42 9.75 2.06 0.92 2.80 1.19 2.80 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 23.72 15.85 7.87 1.41 0.80 2.50 0.89 2.27

Production ...................................................................... 24.14 16.03 8.11 1.55 0.93 2.65 0.75 2.23 Transportation and material moving ............................... 23.31 15.68 7.63 1.28 0.67 2.34 1.03 2.31 **All workers, goods-producing industries** 2 ......................... 32.42 21.64 10.78 2.10 1.21 3.08 1.46 2.92

Management, professional, and related ............................. 57.04 38.87 18.18 5.08 2.13 4.23 2.82 3.91 Sales and office .................................................................. 27.65 19.22 8.43 1.90 0.77 2.63 0.90 2.23 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............ 31.74 21.27 10.46 1.26 1.13 2.69 1.85 3.53 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 25.59 16.58 9.02 1.66 1.06 3.04 0.88 2.37 **All workers, service-providing industries** 3 ........................ 26.77 19.16 7.61 1.84 0.72 2.04 0.86 2.15

Management, professional, and related ............................. 47.78 33.98 13.80 3.95 1.57 3.17 1.77 3.33 Sales and office .................................................................. 21.38 15.34 6.03 1.34 0.46 1.92 0.60 1.71 Service ................................................................................ 13.63 10.30 3.32 0.57 0.23 0.95 0.20 1.38 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............ 30.34 21.00 9.34 1.98 0.83 2.63 1.13 2.76 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 22.16 15.25 6.91 1.21 0.59 2.04 0.89 2.19 Percent of total compensation

**All workers in private industry** .................................................... 100.0 70.6 29.4 6.8 2.9 8.0 3.5 8.2 Management, professional, and related ............................. 100.0 70.7 29.3 8.3 3.3 6.7 3.9 7.0

Management, business, and financial ............................ 100.0 69.5 30.5 9.0 4.1 6.6 4.1 6.6 Professional and related ................................................. 100.0 71.4 28.6 8.0 2.9 6.8 3.8 7.1 Sales and office .................................................................. 100.0 71.6 28.4 6.3 2.2 9.0 2.9 8.0

Sales and related ............................................................ 100.0 74.6 25.4 5.4 2.5 6.7 2.4 8.4 Office and administrative support ................................... 100.0 69.7 30.3 6.9 2.1 10.5 3.1 7.7 Service ................................................................................ 100.0 75.4 24.6 4.2 1.7 7.0 1.5 10.1 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............ 100.0 68.0 32.0 5.1 3.2 8.6 4.9 10.2

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry 1 100.0 67.3 32.7 3.6 3.5 8.2 6.0 11.5 Installation, maintenance, and repair .............................. 100.0 68.7 31.3 6.6 2.9 9.0 3.8 9.0 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 100.0 66.8 33.2 6.0 3.4 10.5 3.7 9.6

Production ...................................................................... 100.0 66.4 33.6 6.4 3.8 11.0 3.1 9.3 Transportation and material moving ............................... 100.0 67.3 32.7 5.5 2.9 10.0 4.4 9.9 **All workers, goods-producing industries** 2 ......................... 100.0 66.7 33.3 6.5 3.7 9.5 4.5 9.0

Management, professional, and related ............................. 100.0 68.1 31.9 8.9 3.7 7.4 4.9 6.9 Sales and office .................................................................. 100.0 69.5 30.5 6.9 2.8 9.5 3.3 8.1 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............ 100.0 67.0 33.0 4.0 3.6 8.5 5.8 11.1 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 100.0 64.8 35.2 6.5 4.1 11.9 3.5 9.3 **All workers, service-providing industries** 3 ........................ 100.0 71.6 28.4 6.9 2.7 7.6 3.2 8.0

Management, professional, and related ............................. 100.0 71.1 28.9 8.3 3.3 6.6 3.7 7.0 Sales and office .................................................................. 100.0 71.8 28.2 6.2 2.2 9.0 2.8 8.0 Service ................................................................................ 100.0 75.6 24.4 4.2 1.7 6.9 1.5 10.1 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............ 100.0 69.2 30.8 6.5 2.7 8.7 3.7 9.1 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 100.0 68.8 31.2 5.5 2.6 9.2 4.0 9.9

1 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of December 2006.

2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.

3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 19 - **Table 10. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by industry group, March 2010** 

Series Totalcompensation Wages and salaries Benefit costs

Total Paid leave Supplemental

pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost per hour worked

**All workers, goods-producing industries** 1 ......................... $32.42 $21.64 $10.78 $2.10 $1.21 $3.08 $1.46 $2.92

Construction ....................................................................... 31.33 21.67 9.66 1.13 1.06 2.30 1.64 3.52 Manufacturing ..................................................................... 32.20 21.26 10.94 2.44 1.21 3.34 1.28 2.66

Aircraft manufacturing 2 ................................................... 59.67 38.37 21.30 5.80 2.83 5.84 2.75 4.07 **All workers, service-providing industries** 3 ........................ 26.77 19.16 7.61 1.84 0.72 2.04 0.86 2.15

Trade, transportation, and utilities ...................................... 23.58 16.65 6.94 1.42 0.54 2.04 0.87 2.07

Wholesale trade .............................................................. 30.01 20.87 9.14 2.02 0.93 2.64 1.05 2.50 Retail trade ..................................................................... 17.22 12.97 4.25 0.79 0.28 1.24 0.35 1.59 Transportation and warehousing .................................... 33.29 21.78 11.51 2.37 0.74 3.68 1.77 2.95 Utilities ............................................................................ 54.28 33.33 20.95 4.89 1.93 4.97 5.34 3.81 Information .......................................................................... 41.25 28.20 13.05 3.81 1.09 3.74 1.50 2.90 Financial activities .............................................................. 36.72 24.80 11.92 3.02 1.83 3.04 1.59 2.44

Finance and insurance ................................................... 39.54 26.33 13.20 3.36 2.14 3.33 1.86 2.52

Credit intermediation and related activities ................. 34.03 22.86 11.17 2.91 1.42 3.03 1.60 2.21 Insurance carriers and related activities ..................... 38.30 26.02 12.28 3.21 1.13 3.45 1.91 2.57 Real estate and rental and leasing ................................. 25.91 18.91 7.00 1.72 0.63 1.94 0.58 2.14 Professional and business services ................................... 33.48 24.29 9.19 2.34 1.16 2.13 0.97 2.58

Professional and technical services ............................... 43.49 31.32 12.17 3.33 1.84 2.73 1.25 3.03 Administrative and waste services ................................. 21.23 16.02 5.22 1.00 0.48 1.23 0.49 2.02 Education and health services ............................................ 29.75 21.35 8.40 2.23 0.57 2.37 0.94 2.28

Educational services ....................................................... 38.69 28.53 10.16 2.68 0.14 2.84 1.71 2.79

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities ................. 45.79 32.87 12.92 3.68 0.16 3.59 2.40 3.09 Health care and social assistance .................................. 28.28 20.17 8.11 2.16 0.64 2.30 0.81 2.20 Leisure and hospitality ........................................................ 11.98 9.48 2.50 0.37 0.12 0.64 0.10 1.26

Accommodation and food services ................................. 11.20 8.89 2.31 0.32 0.10 0.59 0.09 1.20 Other services .................................................................... 24.53 18.10 6.43 1.54 0.57 1.53 0.66 2.12 Percent of total compensation

**All workers, goods-producing industries** 1 ......................... 100.0 66.7 33.3 6.5 3.7 9.5 4.5 9.0

Construction ....................................................................... 100.0 69.2 30.8 3.6 3.4 7.3 5.2 11.2 Manufacturing ..................................................................... 100.0 66.0 34.0 7.6 3.8 10.4 4.0 8.3

Aircraft manufacturing 2 ................................................... 100.0 64.3 35.7 9.7 4.7 9.8 4.6 6.8 **All workers, service-providing industries** 3 ........................ 100.0 71.6 28.4 6.9 2.7 7.6 3.2 8.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ...................................... 100.0 70.6 29.4 6.0 2.3 8.7 3.7 8.8

Wholesale trade .............................................................. 100.0 69.5 30.5 6.7 3.1 8.8 3.5 8.3 Retail trade ..................................................................... 100.0 75.3 24.7 4.6 1.6 7.2 2.0 9.2 Transportation and warehousing .................................... 100.0 65.4 34.6 7.1 2.2 11.1 5.3 8.9 Utilities ............................................................................ 100.0 61.4 38.6 9.0 3.6 9.2 9.8 7.0 Information .......................................................................... 100.0 68.4 31.6 9.2 2.7 9.1 3.6 7.0 Financial activities .............................................................. 100.0 67.5 32.5 8.2 5.0 8.3 4.3 6.7

Finance and insurance ................................................... 100.0 66.6 33.4 8.5 5.4 8.4 4.7 6.4

Credit intermediation and related activities ................. 100.0 67.2 32.8 8.5 4.2 8.9 4.7 6.5 Insurance carriers and related activities ..................... 100.0 67.9 32.1 8.4 3.0 9.0 5.0 6.7 Real estate and rental and leasing ................................. 100.0 73.0 27.0 6.6 2.4 7.5 2.3 8.2 Professional and business services ................................... 100.0 72.6 27.4 7.0 3.5 6.4 2.9 7.7

Professional and technical services ............................... 100.0 72.0 28.0 7.7 4.2 6.3 2.9 7.0 Administrative and waste services ................................. 100.0 75.4 24.6 4.7 2.2 5.8 2.3 9.5 Education and health services ............................................ 100.0 71.8 28.2 7.5 1.9 8.0 3.2 7.7

Educational services ....................................................... 100.0 73.7 26.3 6.9 0.4 7.3 4.4 7.2

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities ................. 100.0 71.8 28.2 8.0 0.3 7.8 5.2 6.8 Health care and social assistance .................................. 100.0 71.3 28.7 7.6 2.3 8.1 2.9 7.8 Leisure and hospitality ........................................................ 100.0 79.1 20.9 3.1 1.0 5.4 0.9 10.5

Accommodation and food services ................................. 100.0 79.4 20.6 2.8 0.9 5.3 0.8 10.8 Other services .................................................................... 100.0 73.8 26.2 6.3 2.3 6.3 2.7 8.7

1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.

2 Data are available beginning with December 2006. 3 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 20 - **Table 11. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by occupational group and full-time and part-time status, March 2010** 

Series Totalcompensation Wages and salaries Benefit costs

Total Paid leave Supplemental

pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost per hour worked

**All full-time workers in private industry** ................................. $31.77 $22.02 $9.75 $2.35 $0.99 $2.70 $1.20 $2.51 Management, professional, and related ............................. 50.39 35.28 15.11 4.39 1.73 3.52 2.04 3.43

Management, business, and financial ............................ 56.31 39.04 17.27 5.13 2.35 3.75 2.32 3.72 Professional and related ................................................. 47.22 33.26 13.96 4.00 1.39 3.40 1.89 3.28 Sales and office .................................................................. 25.04 17.57 7.47 1.76 0.62 2.42 0.77 1.90

Sales and related ............................................................ 26.81 19.57 7.24 1.73 0.79 1.93 0.73 2.06 Office and administrative support ................................... 24.18 16.60 7.59 1.78 0.54 2.66 0.80 1.82 Service ................................................................................ 16.51 11.81 4.71 0.94 0.38 1.54 0.33 1.52 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............ 31.54 21.32 10.22 1.66 1.02 2.75 1.60 3.18

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry 1 31.33 21.00 10.34 1.16 1.08 2.59 1.95 3.55 Installation, maintenance, and repair .............................. 31.75 21.65 10.10 2.17 0.96 2.91 1.24 2.82 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 25.45 16.84 8.60 1.62 0.89 2.74 0.99 2.37

Production ...................................................................... 24.99 16.46 8.53 1.64 0.98 2.83 0.80 2.28 Transportation and material moving ............................... 26.02 17.33 8.70 1.59 0.77 2.63 1.23 2.48 **All part-time workers in private industry** ................................ 15.60 12.24 3.36 0.47 0.25 0.78 0.26 1.60 Management, professional, and related ............................. 37.65 29.20 8.45 1.84 0.99 1.67 0.83 3.13

Professional and related ................................................. 37.90 29.29 8.60 1.87 1.02 1.72 0.84 3.15 Sales and office .................................................................. 13.38 10.51 2.87 0.37 0.12 0.81 0.23 1.34

Sales and related ............................................................ 11.71 9.37 2.34 0.23 0.10 0.59 0.15 1.26 Office and administrative support ................................... 15.75 12.11 3.64 0.57 0.15 1.12 0.34 1.45 Service ................................................................................ 10.83 8.84 1.99 0.19 0.10 0.36 0.09 1.25 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 15.00 10.85 4.16 0.38 0.35 1.27 0.37 1.79

Transportation and material moving ............................... 15.52 10.95 4.57 0.40 0.37 1.50 0.45 1.84 Percent of total compensation

**All full-time workers in private industry** ................................. 100.0 69.3 30.7 7.4 3.1 8.5 3.8 7.9 Management, professional, and related ............................. 100.0 70.0 30.0 8.7 3.4 7.0 4.1 6.8

Management, business, and financial ............................ 100.0 69.3 30.7 9.1 4.2 6.7 4.1 6.6 Professional and related ................................................. 100.0 70.4 29.6 8.5 2.9 7.2 4.0 6.9 Sales and office .................................................................. 100.0 70.2 29.8 7.0 2.5 9.7 3.1 7.6

Sales and related ............................................................ 100.0 73.0 27.0 6.4 3.0 7.2 2.7 7.7 Office and administrative support ................................... 100.0 68.6 31.4 7.4 2.2 11.0 3.3 7.5 Service ................................................................................ 100.0 71.5 28.5 5.7 2.3 9.3 2.0 9.2 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance ............ 100.0 67.6 32.4 5.3 3.2 8.7 5.1 10.1

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry 1 100.0 67.0 33.0 3.7 3.5 8.3 6.2 11.3 Installation, maintenance, and repair .............................. 100.0 68.2 31.8 6.8 3.0 9.2 3.9 8.9 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 100.0 66.2 33.8 6.4 3.5 10.8 3.9 9.3

Production ...................................................................... 100.0 65.9 34.1 6.6 3.9 11.3 3.2 9.1 Transportation and material moving ............................... 100.0 66.6 33.4 6.1 3.0 10.1 4.7 9.5 **All part-time workers in private industry** ................................ 100.0 78.5 21.5 3.0 1.6 5.0 1.7 10.3 Management, professional, and related ............................. 100.0 77.6 22.4 4.9 2.6 4.4 2.2 8.3

Professional and related ................................................. 100.0 77.3 22.7 4.9 2.7 4.5 2.2 8.3 Sales and office .................................................................. 100.0 78.5 21.5 2.8 0.9 6.1 1.7 10.0

Sales and related ............................................................ 100.0 80.0 20.0 1.9 0.9 5.0 1.3 10.8 Office and administrative support ................................... 100.0 76.9 23.1 3.6 1.0 7.1 2.2 9.2 Service ................................................................................ 100.0 81.6 18.4 1.8 0.9 3.3 0.8 11.6 Production, transportation, and material moving ................ 100.0 72.3 27.7 2.5 2.3 8.5 2.4 12.0

Transportation and material moving ............................... 100.0 70.6 29.4 2.6 2.4 9.7 2.9 11.9

1 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations were combined with construction and extraction occupational group as of December 2006. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 21 - **Table 12. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by industry group and full-time and part-time status, March 2010** 

Series Totalcompensation Wages and salaries Benefit costs

Total Paid leave Supplemental

pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost per hour worked

**All full-time workers in private industry** ........... $31.77 $22.02 $9.75 $2.35 $0.99 $2.70 $1.20 $2.51

Goods-producing 1 ............................................ 32.80 21.81 10.99 2.15 1.24 3.16 1.50 2.93

Construction ................................................. 31.63 21.73 9.90 1.18 1.10 2.38 1.72 3.52 Manufacturing ............................................... 32.59 21.47 11.12 2.49 1.24 3.41 1.30 2.68 Service-providing 2 ............................................ 31.48 22.08 9.39 2.40 0.92 2.57 1.11 2.39

Trade, transportation, and utilities ................ 28.25 19.64 8.61 1.93 0.69 2.51 1.14 2.34 Information .................................................... 43.94 29.88 14.07 4.14 1.19 4.05 1.63 3.05 Financial activities ........................................ 39.42 26.43 12.99 3.33 2.03 3.29 1.76 2.57 Professional and business services ............. 37.15 26.63 10.52 2.82 1.29 2.50 1.17 2.75 Education and health services ...................... 31.31 22.05 9.26 2.57 0.62 2.71 1.05 2.31 Leisure and hospitality .................................. 15.31 11.46 3.86 0.75 0.23 1.26 0.19 1.42 Other services .............................................. 28.43 20.22 8.21 2.03 0.79 2.12 0.92 2.35 **All part-time workers in private industry** .......... 15.60 12.24 3.36 0.47 0.25 0.78 0.26 1.60

Service-providing 2 ............................................ 15.50 12.16 3.34 0.47 0.25 0.78 0.26 1.58

Trade, transportation, and utilities ................ 13.66 10.27 3.39 0.34 0.20 1.05 0.29 1.49 Professional and business services ............. 18.04 14.45 3.60 0.35 0.62 0.61 0.16 1.86 Education and health services ...................... 25.28 19.36 5.92 1.26 0.43 1.41 0.61 2.21 Leisure and hospitality .................................. 9.39 7.95 1.45 0.08 0.03 0.16 0.03 1.14 Percent of total compensation

**All full-time workers in private industry** ........... 100.0 69.3 30.7 7.4 3.1 8.5 3.8 7.9

Goods-producing 1 ............................................ 100.0 66.5 33.5 6.6 3.8 9.6 4.6 8.9

Construction ................................................. 100.0 68.7 31.3 3.7 3.5 7.5 5.4 11.1 Manufacturing ............................................... 100.0 65.9 34.1 7.7 3.8 10.5 4.0 8.2 Service-providing 2 ............................................ 100.0 70.2 29.8 7.6 2.9 8.2 3.5 7.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities ................ 100.0 69.5 30.5 6.8 2.5 8.9 4.0 8.3 Information .................................................... 100.0 68.0 32.0 9.4 2.7 9.2 3.7 6.9 Financial activities ........................................ 100.0 67.1 32.9 8.5 5.2 8.4 4.5 6.5 Professional and business services ............. 100.0 71.7 28.3 7.6 3.5 6.7 3.1 7.4 Education and health services ...................... 100.0 70.4 29.6 8.2 2.0 8.6 3.4 7.4 Leisure and hospitality .................................. 100.0 74.8 25.2 4.9 1.5 8.3 1.3 9.2 Other services .............................................. 100.0 71.1 28.9 7.1 2.8 7.5 3.2 8.3 **All part-time workers in private industry** .......... 100.0 78.5 21.5 3.0 1.6 5.0 1.7 10.3

Service-providing 2 ............................................ 100.0 78.4 21.6 3.1 1.6 5.0 1.7 10.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ................ 100.0 75.2 24.8 2.5 1.5 7.7 2.1 10.9 Professional and business services ............. 100.0 80.1 19.9 1.9 3.4 3.4 0.9 10.3 Education and health services ...................... 100.0 76.6 23.4 5.0 1.7 5.6 2.4 8.7 Leisure and hospitality .................................. 100.0 84.6 15.4 0.9 0.4 1.7 0.4 12.1

1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.

2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 22 - **Table 13. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by major industry group and establishment employment size and**  **bargaining unit status, March 2010**

Series Totalcompensation Wages and salaries Benefit costs

Total Paid leave Supplemental

pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost per hour worked

**All workers, goods-producing industries** 1 ... $32.42 $21.64 $10.78 $2.10 $1.21 $3.08 $1.46 $2.92
1-99 workers ..................................................... 27.22 19.16 8.06 1.27 0.83 2.18 0.94 2.83

1-49 workers ................................................. 26.47 18.85 7.62 1.17 0.77 1.96 0.86 2.86 50-99 workers ............................................... 29.05 19.91 9.14 1.50 0.98 2.73 1.15 2.78 100 workers or more ......................................... 36.91 23.78 13.13 2.82 1.54 3.85 1.91 3.00

100-499 workers ........................................... 31.85 20.83 11.02 2.08 1.20 3.42 1.51 2.80 500 workers or more ..................................... 44.17 28.02 16.15 3.88 2.03 4.47 2.49 3.28
Union ................................................................ 39.24 23.15 16.09 2.39 1.52 5.17 3.34 3.67 Nonunion .......................................................... 30.78 21.28 9.51 2.03 1.14 2.58 1.01 2.74 **All workers, service-providing industries** 2 .. 26.77 19.16 7.61 1.84 0.72 2.04 0.86 2.15
1-99 workers ..................................................... 22.07 16.41 5.66 1.26 0.57 1.43 0.50 1.91

1-49 workers ................................................. 21.39 16.02 5.37 1.19 0.55 1.33 0.45 1.85 50-99 workers ............................................... 24.26 17.65 6.61 1.51 0.62 1.76 0.63 2.09 100 workers or more ......................................... 32.45 22.48 9.97 2.53 0.91 2.79 1.30 2.44

100-499 workers ........................................... 27.72 19.77 7.95 1.93 0.66 2.28 0.86 2.22 500 workers or more ..................................... 38.73 26.08 12.65 3.32 1.24 3.45 1.88 2.74
Union ................................................................ 36.16 22.78 13.38 2.95 0.93 4.44 2.15 2.91 Nonunion .......................................................... 25.92 18.83 7.09 1.73 0.70 1.83 0.74 2.08 Percent of total compensation

**All workers, goods-producing industries** 1 ... 100.0 66.7 33.3 6.5 3.7 9.5 4.5 9.0
1-99 workers ..................................................... 100.0 70.4 29.6 4.7 3.1 8.0 3.5 10.4

1-49 workers ................................................. 100.0 71.2 28.8 4.4 2.9 7.4 3.2 10.8 50-99 workers ............................................... 100.0 68.5 31.5 5.2 3.4 9.4 4.0 9.6 100 workers or more ......................................... 100.0 64.4 35.6 7.6 4.2 10.4 5.2 8.1

100-499 workers ........................................... 100.0 65.4 34.6 6.5 3.8 10.7 4.7 8.8 500 workers or more ..................................... 100.0 63.4 36.6 8.8 4.6 10.1 5.6 7.4
Union ................................................................ 100.0 59.0 41.0 6.1 3.9 13.2 8.5 9.4 Nonunion .......................................................... 100.0 69.1 30.9 6.6 3.7 8.4 3.3 8.9 **All workers, service-providing industries** 2 .. 100.0 71.6 28.4 6.9 2.7 7.6 3.2 8.0
1-99 workers ..................................................... 100.0 74.3 25.7 5.7 2.6 6.5 2.2 8.6

1-49 workers ................................................. 100.0 74.9 25.1 5.6 2.6 6.2 2.1 8.6 50-99 workers ............................................... 100.0 72.8 27.2 6.2 2.6 7.2 2.6 8.6 100 workers or more ......................................... 100.0 69.3 30.7 7.8 2.8 8.6 4.0 7.5

100-499 workers ........................................... 100.0 71.3 28.7 7.0 2.4 8.2 3.1 8.0 500 workers or more ..................................... 100.0 67.3 32.7 8.6 3.2 8.9 4.9 7.1
Union ................................................................ 100.0 63.0 37.0 8.2 2.6 12.3 5.9 8.1 Nonunion .......................................................... 100.0 72.7 27.3 6.7 2.7 7.0 2.9 8.0

1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.

2 Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 23 - **Table 14. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry health care and social assistance workers, by industry and occupational group,**  **March 2010**

Series Totalcompensation Wages and salaries Benefit costs

Total Paid leave Supplemental

pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost per hour worked
**Health care and social assistance** .................... $28.28 $20.17 $8.11 $2.16 $0.64 $2.30 $0.81 $2.20 Management, professional, and related ....... 40.64 29.15 11.49 3.36 0.96 2.91 1.27 2.99

Registered nurses .................................... 47.78 33.59 14.19 4.05 1.62 3.29 1.69 3.55 Sales and office ............................................ 22.06 15.38 6.67 1.58 0.38 2.38 0.66 1.68 Service .......................................................... 16.11 11.48 4.64 0.97 0.38 1.51 0.32 1.46 **Hospitals** ......................................................... 36.26 24.62 11.64 3.12 1.16 3.43 1.30 2.64

Management, professional, and related ....... 44.60 30.76 13.84 3.97 1.47 3.61 1.58 3.21

Registered nurses .................................... 48.23 33.04 15.19 4.26 1.95 3.72 1.75 3.52 Service .......................................................... 20.49 13.07 7.41 1.44 0.71 2.95 0.72 1.59 **Nursing and residential care facilities** .......... 20.01 14.63 5.39 1.32 0.43 1.50 0.28 1.85

Management, professional, and related ....... 31.07 22.99 8.08 2.23 0.68 2.01 0.51 2.64 Service .......................................................... 14.98 10.82 4.16 0.88 0.35 1.26 0.18 1.49 **Nursing care facilities** 1 .............................. 21.68 15.87 5.81 1.46 0.53 1.56 0.29 1.96 Management, professional, and related ....... 33.99 25.45 8.54 2.42 0.83 1.95 0.48 2.87 Service .......................................................... 15.87 11.35 4.53 0.99 0.43 1.37 0.19 1.55 Percent of total compensation
**Health care and social assistance** .................... 100.0 71.3 28.7 7.6 2.3 8.1 2.9 7.8 Management, professional, and related ....... 100.0 71.7 28.3 8.3 2.4 7.2 3.1 7.4

Registered nurses .................................... 100.0 70.3 29.7 8.5 3.4 6.9 3.5 7.4 Sales and office ............................................ 100.0 69.7 30.3 7.2 1.7 10.8 3.0 7.6 Service .......................................................... 100.0 71.2 28.8 6.0 2.3 9.4 2.0 9.0 **Hospitals** ......................................................... 100.0 67.9 32.1 8.6 3.2 9.5 3.6 7.3

Management, professional, and related ....... 100.0 69.0 31.0 8.9 3.3 8.1 3.5 7.2

Registered nurses .................................... 100.0 68.5 31.5 8.8 4.0 7.7 3.6 7.3 Service .......................................................... 100.0 63.8 36.2 7.0 3.4 14.4 3.5 7.8 **Nursing and residential care facilities** .......... 100.0 73.1 26.9 6.6 2.2 7.5 1.4 9.2

Management, professional, and related ....... 100.0 74.0 26.0 7.2 2.2 6.5 1.7 8.5 Service .......................................................... 100.0 72.3 27.7 5.9 2.3 8.4 1.2 9.9 **Nursing care facilities** 1 .............................. 100.0 73.2 26.8 6.8 2.4 7.2 1.3 9.1 Management, professional, and related ....... 100.0 74.9 25.1 7.1 2.4 5.7 1.4 8.4 Service .......................................................... 100.0 71.5 28.5 6.2 2.7 8.7 1.2 9.7

1 Data are available beginning with December 2006. Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.

# - 24 - **Table 15. Employer costs per hour worked for employee compensation and costs as a percent of total compensation: Private industry workers, by census region and selected metropolitan area,**  **March 2010**

Census region and metropolitan area Total compensation Wages and salaries Total benefits Cost Percent Cost Percent Cost Percent



### Northeast Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH CSA ........... $38.62 100.0 $26.26 68.0 $12.36 32.0 New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA .. 35.18 100.0 24.18 68.7 11.00 31.3 Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland, PA-NJ-DE-MD CSA ........................................................................ 31.76 100.0 21.65 68.2 10.11 31.8 

### South Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville, GA-AL CSA ...... 29.86 100.0 21.24 71.1 8.62 28.9 Dallas-Fort Worth, TX CSA ...................................... 29.47 100.0 21.01 71.3 8.46 28.7 Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX CSA ..................... 30.50 100.0 22.04 72.2 8.47 27.8 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL MSA ... 24.00 100.0 17.61 73.4 6.39 26.6 Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia,

DC-MD-VA-WV CSA .............................................. 33.79 100.0 24.44 72.3 9.35 27.7 

### Midwest Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City, IL-IN-WI CSA ..... 31.96 100.0 22.12 69.2 9.83 30.8 Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI CSA .................................... 32.08 100.0 21.53 67.1 10.55 32.9 Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI CSA ........... 30.12 100.0 21.37 70.9 8.75 29.1 

### West Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA .......... 28.70 100.0 20.67 72.0 8.04 28.0 Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA ......................... 28.09 100.0 20.72 73.8 7.36 26.2 San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA ............ 38.52 100.0 27.10 70.4 11.42 29.6 Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA CSA .......................... 33.05 100.0 23.02 69.7 10.03 30.3
Note: The sum of individual items may not equal totals due to rounding.