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[Congressional Bills 113th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3544 Introduced in House (IH)]

113th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 3544

To award the Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, to the members of 
the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) in recognition of their superior 
          service and major contributions during World War II.

_______________________________________________________________________

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           November 20, 2013

Mr. Latta (for himself, Ms. Kaptur, Mr. Wolf, Mr. McIntyre, Mr. Jordan, 
 Mr. Higgins, Mr. Rogers of Michigan, and Mr. Conaway) introduced the 
   following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Financial 
Services, and in addition to the Committee on House Administration, for 
a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for 
consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the 
                          committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
To award the Congressional Gold Medal, collectively, to the members of 
the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) in recognition of their superior 
          service and major contributions during World War II.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Office of Strategic Services 
Congressional Gold Medal Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was America's 
        first effort to implement a system of strategic intelligence 
        during World War II and provided the basis for the modern-day 
        American intelligence and special operations communities.
            (2) OSS founder General William J. Donovan is the only 
        person in American history to receive our Nation's four highest 
        military decorations, including the Medal of Honor. Upon 
        learning of his death in 1959, President Eisenhower called 
        General Donovan the ``last hero''. In addition to founding and 
        leading the OSS, General Donovan was also selected by President 
        Roosevelt, who called him his ``secret legs'', as an emissary 
        to Great Britain and continental Europe before the United 
        States entered World War II.
            (3) All the military branches during World War II 
        contributed personnel to the OSS. The present-day Special 
        Operations Forces trace their lineage to the OSS. Its Maritime 
        Unit was a precursor to the U.S. Navy SEALs. The OSS 
        Operational Groups and Jedburghs were forerunners to U.S. Army 
        Special Forces. The 801st/492nd Bombardment Group 
        (``Carpetbaggers'') were progenitors to the Air Force Special 
        Operations Command. The Marines who served in the OSS, 
        including the actor Sterling Hayden and Col. William Eddy, whom 
        General Donovan described as the ``American Lawrence of 
        Arabia'', were predecessors to the Marines Special Operations 
        Command. U.S. Coast Guard personnel were recruited for the 
        Maritime Unit and the Operational Swimmer Group.
            (4) The OSS organized, trained, supplied, and fought with 
        resistance organizations throughout Europe and Asia that played 
        an important role in America's victory during World War II. 
        President Eisenhower credited the work of the OSS with the 
        French Resistance during the liberation of France as the 
        equivalent of having an extra division.
            (5) Four future directors of central intelligence served as 
        OSS officers: William Casey, William Colby, Allen Dulles, and 
        Richard Helms.
            (6) Women comprised more than one-third of OSS personnel 
        and played a critical role in the organization. They included 
        Virginia Hall, the only civilian female to receive a 
        Distinguished Service Cross in World War II, and Julia Child.
            (7) OSS recruited Fritz Kolbe, a German diplomat who became 
        America's most important spy against the Nazis in World War II.
            (8) America's leading scientists and scholars served in the 
        OSS Research and Analysis Branch, including Ralph Bunche, the 
        first African-American to receive the Nobel Peace Prize, 
        Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., 
        Supreme Court Justice Arthur Goldberg, Sherman Kent, John King 
        Fairbank, and Walt Rostow. It ranks included seven future 
        presidents of the American Historical Association, five of the 
        American Economic Association, and two Nobel laureates. The 
        U.S. Department of State's Bureau of Intelligence and Research 
        traces its creation to the OSS Research and Analysis Branch.
            (9) The OSS invented and employed new technology through 
        its Research and Development Branch, inventing new weapons and 
        revolutionary communications equipment. Dr. Christian 
        Lambertsen invented the first underwater rebreathing apparatus 
        that was first utilized by the OSS and is known today as SCUBA.
            (10) OSS Detachment 101 operated in Burma and pioneered the 
        art of unconventional warfare. It was the first United States 
        unit to deploy a large guerrilla army deep in enemy territory. 
        It has been credited with the highest kill/loss ratio for any 
        infantry-type unit in American military history and was awarded 
        a Presidential Unit Citation.
            (11) Its X-2 branch pioneered counterintelligence with the 
        British and established the modern counterintelligence 
        community. The network of contacts built by the OSS with 
        foreign intelligence services lead to enduring Cold War 
        alliances.
            (12) Operation Torch, the Allied invasion of French North 
        Africa in November 1942, was aided by the networks established 
        and information acquired by the OSS to guide Allied landings.
            (13) OSS Operation Halyard rescued more than 500 downed 
        airmen trapped behind enemy lines in Yugoslavia, one of the 
        most daring and successful rescue operations of World War II.
            (14) OSS ``Mercy Missions'' at the end of World War II 
        saved the lives of thousands of Allied prisoners of war whom it 
        was feared would be murdered by the Japanese.
            (15) The handful of surviving men and women of the OSS, 
        whom General Donovan called his ``glorious amateurs'', are 
        among the greatest generation. They have never been 
        collectively recognized for their heroic and pioneering service 
        in World War II.

SEC. 3. CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL.

    (a) Presentation Authorized.--The Speaker of the House of 
Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate shall make 
appropriate arrangements for the presentation, on behalf of the 
Congress, of a gold medal of appropriate design in commemoration to the 
members of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), in recognition of 
their superior service and major contributions during World War II.
    (b) Design and Striking.--For purposes of the presentation referred 
to in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury (referred to in 
this Act as the ``Secretary'') shall strike a gold medal with suitable 
emblems, devices, and inscriptions, to be determined by the Secretary.
    (c) Smithsonian Institution.--
            (1) In general.--Following the award of the gold medal in 
        commemoration to the members of the Office of Strategic 
        Services under subsection (a), the gold medal shall be given to 
        the Smithsonian Institution, where it will be displayed as 
        appropriate and made available for research.
            (2) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
        the Smithsonian Institution should make the gold medal received 
        under paragraph (1) available for display elsewhere, 
        particularly at other appropriate locations associated with the 
        Office of Strategic Services.

SEC. 4. DUPLICATE MEDALS.

    The Secretary may strike and sell duplicates in bronze of the gold 
medal struck pursuant to section 3 under such regulations as the 
Secretary may prescribe, at a price sufficient to cover the cost 
thereof, including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and 
overhead expenses, and the cost of the gold medal.

SEC. 5. STATUS OF MEDALS.

    (a) National Medals.--The medals struck pursuant to this Act are 
national medals for purposes of chapter 51 of title 31, United States 
Code.
    (b) Numismatic Items.--For purposes of section 5134 of title 31, 
United States Code, all medals struck under this Act shall be 
considered to be numismatic items.
                                 <all>
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