# sUAS Operations Manual Airphoto

September 12015

This manual contains standard operating procedures and guidelinesfor UAS operations.

# Airphoto sUAS OperationsManual TableofContents Purpose, Scope, and Mission Statement

.............................................................5 Definitions ..........................................................................................................6 Personnel Responsibilities

..................................................................................8

Visual Observer

....................................................................................................8 PIC

.........................................................................................................;.............8 FlightTeam Composition

.....................................................................................8 Qualification Requirements

.................................................................................8; Operating Limitations and Conditions.................................................................9 Maintenance Procedures ..................................................................................10 Routine Maintenance

........................................................................................

### 10; Full FlightTest

....................................................................................................

### 11 Software Firmware Update Policy

......................................................................

### 11 Logs 

### and Records ..............................................................................................12 Pilot and Aircraft Hours

......................................................................................12: Battery Logbook

.................................................................................................

### 12 Flight Planning ..................................................................................................13;
:I Weather

.............................................................................................................

### 13 Site Permissions

.................................................................................................13 Pre-Flight Inspections and Checks

......................................................................13 Documentation

..................................................................................................14 Pre-Flight Area and Personnel Checks

................................................................14 Closed Set Operations

........................................................................................15
2On-Site Procedures

............................................................................................16 Site Survey

..................................................................................................16 Selection ofOperatingAreas and Alternatives

............................................16 Boundaries

..................................................................................................17 Anemometer Weather Check

.....................................................................18 Crew Briefing

..............................................................................................18 Communications

..........................................................................................19 Frequency Scans

.........................................................................................19 Recharging and Battery Use (Fuel Management)

........................................19 Load-outs and Equipment

...........................................................................19 Flight Procedures..............................................................................................21 MotorStart

........................................................................................................21 Take-Off

.............................................................................................................21 In-Flight

..............................................................................................................22 Let Down/Landing

..............................................................................................23 Shutdown

..........................................................................................................23 Emergency Procedures......................................................................................24 MotorThrust Loss

..............................................................................................24 Battery Failure

...................................................................................................24 Battery Failure Failsafe

...............................................................................25 Transmitter/Controller Battery Failure

.......................................................26 Controller Battery Failsafe

..........................................................................26 Loss ofControl Frequency

..................................................................................26 Loss of Frequent Failsafe

....................................................................................26 Malicious orAccidental Interference with Control Frequency

...........................27 Pilot Incapacitation

.....................................................................................27

3Aircraft Incursion

........................................................................................27 Fly Away Procedure

..........................................................................................28 Crash 

### & Incident Response

................................................................................28 

### AppendixA - Checklists.....................................................................................29 Pre-Flight Start-Up Checklist

..............................................................................30 Pre-Flight Inspection Checklist

...........................................................................32 ln-Fiight

..............................................................................................................33 Landing Checklist

...............................................................................................34 Appendix B

.......................................................................................................35 Maintenance Logbook

.......................................................................................36 Appendix C

.......................................................................................................37 Incident/ Accident Logbook

................................................................................38 Appendix D.......................................................................................................39 Flight Record Logbook

.......................................................................................40 Appendix E ........................................................................................................41 Phantom 3 Pro User Manual

..............................................................................41

4

## PURPOSE, SCOPE, AND MISSION STATEMENT Airphoto (Airphoto), a member of the Professional Aerial Photographers Association, International (PAPA) intends as the Operator to promote safe operation of sUAS in the National Airspace System (NAS) in a manner that is consistent with a long history of safe and professional flight operations in close cooperation with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The Operators are experienced licensed pilots. The sUAS Pilots In Command (PIC) that will operate systems according to the approach outlined in this Manual of Procedures (Manual) are trained in accordance with this Manual and FAA regulations and have decades ofsuccessful experience on Aerial Photographicflight missions. The intent ofthe Manual is to provide the outline ofa system to conduct safe and successful sUAS operations in accordance with the applicable FAA regulations and consistent with the Section 333 waiver that this Manual is based upon. It is expected that the Operator will continue to apply the skills and experience they have employed in manned aircraft operations under FAA regulations. This combination of prior successful flight experience and sound sUAS flight operational procedures is intended to promote the highest levels of professionalism in safe aerial photographicflight missions.

5

## DEFINITIONS The following definitions ofwords and terms apply to the information contained

. in this Manual and are specific to procedures and operations that are outlined herein. In the case of a conflict with an official FAA definition, the FAA definition will be the rule. Anemometer- An instrumentto measure the velocity ofthe wind in the Area of Operations. Area ofOperations- Defined as the area where sUAS operations will be carried outfor aspecific flight orseries offlights on agiven mission. Checklists- Procedural checklists used by the PIC toverify proper and safe procedures during all phases ofsUAS operations. Designated Safety Zone- Defined and marked area ofground operations used for safe takeoffs and landings ofthe sUAS at agiven Area ofOperations. FPV- First Person View- Defined as real timeviewing of photo-video imagery transmitted to ascreen by a person/s. Flight Control Systems- The combination oftelemetry, PIC operated controls, and onboard control mechanisms that are employed to control the flight ofthe sUAS. Frequency Analyzer- A device used to scan the Area ofOperations for possible interferencefrom radio waves. GPS- Global Positioning System.
Handheld Radio- A radio transceiver capable ofcommunication with other Pilots or FAA personnel in the Area ofOperations. Loiter Mode- A default recovery modethe sUAS goes intowhen communications are lostfrom the PIC.

6Maintenance Recommendations- Periodic maintenance recommendations for each ofthe sUAS components that have a usable life. Manual- This flight manual that combines the Operator specific procedures with the sUAS manufacturers' manual. Manufacturers Recommendations- Written recommendations provided bythe manufacturers ofthevarious components ofthe sUAS. NAS- National Airspace System. Non Participants- Persons who have not agreed to participate in sUAS operations. Operator- The entitysubmitting as the applicant on this waiver request tothe FAA whowill be responsible for all sUAS operations and procedures. PAPA- Professional Aerial Photographers Association, International. Participants- Persons who have agreed to participate in sUAS operations. Pilot In Command- Person who will flythe UA during sUAS operations and who is responsible forall safety related oroperational decisions underthe direction of the Operator in accordance with this Manual and FAA requirements. SOP- Standard Operating Procedures. sUAS- Small Unmanned Aerial Systems as contemplated underthe FAA guidelines, notto exceed 55 pounds in weightor 100 miles per hour in speed. Telemetry- Electronicallytransmitted data that provides control and information transmissions to and from the PIC and the sUAS. UA- Unmanned Aircraft. Visual Observer- An individual who is designated to observe flight operations and to maintain visual contact with the UA duringflight operations while maintaining communications and coordination with the PIC. 7

## PERSONNEL RESPONSIBILITIES
VISUAL OBSERVER All operations will utilize aVisual Observer. The main responsibilities ofthe Visual Observer will be to ensure thatthe UA is operated within the visual line ofsight of both the PIC and Visual Observer at all times. The Visual Observer will maintain verbal communication with the PIC at all times. Prior to flight, the PIC will ensure • that the Visual Observer understands and can perform all the duties required of' theVisual Observer. PIC Pilot in Command is responsible forthe safe operation ofthe sUAS at all times in accordance with this Manual and the applicable FAA regulations. Pilot in Command will be responsible for: • All support personnel. • Performing all pre-flight, flight phase, and postflight inspections, air worthiness, diagnostics, and testing. • Manufacturer recommended maintenance operations. • Weather condition assessments and forecast reviews. FLIGHTTEAM COMPOSITION The onsite flight team is composed of a Pilot in Command (PIC) and a Visual Observer (VO). The PIC is responsible for all flight operations and decisions to proceed. The VO is responsible to maintain visual contact with the UA and to, provide constant communication with the PIC regarding aircraft status and surrounding conditions within the Area ofOperations. QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS The PIC must be an FAA-licensed pilot and must have completed the PAPA sponsored ground school with at least 25 hours ofsUAS flight time. The VO must have completed sUAS ground school training and must demonstrate experience with FAA procedures and the standard procedures ofthis Manual.

8

### OPERATING LIMITATIONSAND CONDITIONS Operational Ceiling- Maximum 1,200ftAGL, typical 400ftAGL. Operational Endurance- 15 minutes. Maximum Speed- 100 MPH Maximum OperatingTemperature- 110 degrees F Minimum OperatingTemperature
- 0 degrees F Maximum Operational Wind Speed- 15 MPH (gusts to 20 MPH)

9

## MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES Only Airphoto personnel or an appointed service technician may carry out maintenance on the sUAS aircraft systems described in this operations manual. In all cases a Maintenance Logbook (see Appendix B) is completed to reflect any work undertaken and a flight test, testing all functions (including the return-tohome failsafe facility), is subsequently carried out bythe PIC. ROUTINE MAINTENANCE The Pre-Flight and Post-Flight checklists shown in Appendix A are completed by the PIC every time aAirphoto sUAS aircraft is operated. Every six months (or fifty· hours of flight time
- whichever comes first) the following inspection is carried · out by the PIC. The inspection is recorded in the Maintenance Logbook along with anyfindings. Any issues identified are remedied and the aircraft undergoes a full flight-test before the aircraft is returned to Operational Status: • Inspection ofthe airframe for any damage, unusual marks and tightness of fixings; • Inspection ofthe motor mountings for correcttension; • Inspection ofthe propellers for condition, unusual marks, chips, cracks and tightness of fasteners; • Inspection ofelectrical wiringfor condition, unusual marks ordiscoloration;**~** • Inspection ofelectrical terminal fittings and plugs for secure attachment and general condition; • Inspection ofthe attachment ofall fittings such as flight controller, GPS antennas etc. for secure attachment; • Inspection of payload attachment points for condition and security of payload; • Inspection ofthe condition and function ofall ancillary equipment such as transmitter etc. • Testing ofall system battery packs for charge status and general condition. Ifany issues or problems are identified then the aircraft is not allowed to fly until the issue has been remedied. If minor problems (such as damaged propellers, faulty battery packs etc.) are identified and remedied, and the PIC believes the aircraft is suitable to return to Operational Status then the work completed is noted in the Maintenance Logbook. If major issues are identified (such as an unserviceable motor, damaged airframe etc.), then the aircraft undergoes a full
10flight test regime (as described below), once the identified fault has been remedied. FULL FLIGHTTEST The system has all functions tested with a minimum offive minutes flight time by a qualified PIC recording any abnormalities in the Flight Record Logbook (Appendix D). Ifthe PIC deems the aircraftto be safe then he must sign the Flight Record Logbook as fit for Operational use. Systems with identified issues relating to firmware or software (see below) are grounded by Airphoto until any problems are rectified. SOFTWARE AND FIRMWARE UPDATE POLICY All new software and firmware are thoroughly assessed before installation. Particular attention is focused on relevance to operations, reason for release and any known issues. Multi-rotor and sUAS forums are consulted regularly for any reported issues with the release and only when the validity of the upgrade has been confirmed is the upgrade considered. In all circumstances the upgrade is performed by qualified Airphoto personnel or appointed service providers. All upgrade information such as version numbers and new functions are recorded in the Maintenance Logbook. All Airphoto PIC are made aware that the firmware or software has been upgraded before any flight operations are undertaken. Any upgraded system has all functions thoroughly tested with a minimum offive minutes flight time by a qualified Airphoto PIC who records any abnormalities in the Flight Record Logbook. Ifthe PIC deems the aircraft to be safe then the PIC signs the Flight Record Logbook as fit for Operational use. If any doubts exist as to the new upgrade the aircraft is downgraded to the previous firmware and the flight test procedure is repeated. Systems with identified issues relating to firmware orsoftware are grounded until the problem can be rectified.

11

## LOGS AND RECORDS
PILOT AND AIRCRAFT HOURS Airphoto PIC are required to keep a log of pilotand aircraft hours. To meet this requirement, Airphoto holds and updates a spreadsheet-based Personal Flying Log Book for Aircraft Operating Crew. This log book is a separate documentwhich can be viewed on request (see sample page atAppendix D). BATTERY LOGBOOK Airphoto Personal Flying Log Book (Appendix D) additionally records information about battery condition (charge) before and after each flight. The Battery Logbook is accompanied by
- and supported with
- Airphoto Incident Logbook (Appendix 

### C) and Maintenance Logbook (Appendix B).

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## FLIGHT PLANNING
WEATHER Operator will require PIC to obtain all necessary weather information in order to plan and conduct safe flight operations according to and as referenced by any applicable UA Operator Manuals. If operating near an operating Automated Terminal Information Service (ATIS) or All Weather Observation Service (AWOS), the broadcast system will be consulted. If ATIS/ is not available, PIC will consultalternative sources for acurrent weatherforecast. The operating envelope for the Phantom 3 Pro has been referred to earlier. It is emphasized that the PIC is to ensure the operating envelope environment meets orexceeds all safe and legal visibility, precipitation, humidity, and wind limitations for safe operation. SITE PERMISSIONS • Secure permissions from property owner if required. • Secure permissions from participants. • Coordinate with local law enforcement if required. • Priorto operations, Operator receives permission fortake-offand landing from the relevant land-owner. In most cases permission attainment is unproblematicas the landowner and the client are the same individual (or entity). In the case of local authorityowned land, the relevant authority is contacted in advance to secure permission fortake-offand landing, and to find out about any operating restrictions orspecific insurance requirements that might apply. PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTIONS AND CHECKS Prior to each flight, the PIC will conduct a pre-flight inspection and determine if the sUAS is in a condition for safe flight, and to account for all possible discrepancies or inoperable equipment. If the inspection reveals any condition that will affectthe safe operation ofthe sUAS, the aircraft will be prohibited from operating until the necessary maintenance can be performed and the sUAS can be returned to safe flight. The preflight inspections will include the following components according to the recommended checklists in the DJI operator manual, and in theAirphoto checklist:

13

### D Airframe 

### D Battery 

### D Transmitters 

### D Camera and Gimbal 

### D Propulsion system including propellers In addition, with the battery attached and turned on in the sUAS, the PIC will oversee and monitorthe series ofdiagnostic tests to determine and verify proper voltage levels, control function, communication, and GPS satellite connectivity. acquisition. PIC will utilize the DJI Phantom 3 Pro LED indicators as well as. telemetry data to determine if the proper preflight diagnostics have been · completed. The PIC will also perform and log a pre-flight compass calibration· each time the sUAS is flown from a new location. DOCUMENTATION PIC will ensure that all documents used by Airphoto to ensure safe flight i operations and any document required under 14 CFR 91.9 and 91.203 must be' available at the Ground Control Station on site at any time the sUAS is operating, and ready to be made available to any law enforcement official upon request. If possible, these documents will be on the PIC's person at all times during flight, operations, and accessible to law enforcement without interrupting the PIC while conducting flight operations (possibly in a pouch on the back ofthevest). PRE-FLIGHT AREA AND PERSONNEL CHECKS • Survey flight operations area for safety concerns and toverify conditions. • Examine all components ofthe sUAS toverify properfunction in accordance with the applicable manuals and manufacturer's instructions. • Verify notification to all personnel on site. • Establish Designated Safety Zone and verify safe clearances. • PIC should wearthe specified safetyvest. • The ultimate responsibilityfor aircraft airworthiness and operational safety rests with the sUAS pilot-in-command. Forthis, the PIC- as an aid- uses a Pre-Flight Checklist (see Appendix A). In summary, the Pre-Flight Checklist prompts examination ofthe following: 

### D The airframe (for condition and lack ofdamage); 

### D The battery (for level-of-charge and security ofattachment); 

### D The transmitter (for level-of-charge and to check that switches

14are in the 'home' position); 

### D The camera (secured, on and operating). 

### D Propulsion system

• In addition, when the flight battery is connected tothe sUAS, the flight controller undertakes aseries ofdiagnostictests (while simultaneously locatingthe position ofGPS satellites). CLOSED SET OPERATIONS Ifthis exemption permits operations for the purpose of closed-set motion picture and television filming and production, the following additional conditions and limitations apply: • The operator must have a Motion Picture and Television Operations Manual (MPTOM) as documented in this grant ofexemption. • At least 3 days before aerial filming, the operator ofthe sUAS affected by this exemption must submit awritten Plan ofActivities tothe local Flight Standards District Office (FSDO) withjurisdiction overthe area of proposed filming. The 3-day notification may be waived with the concurrence ofthe FSDO. The plan ofactivities must include at leastthe following: o Dates and times for all flights; o Name and phone numberofthe operatorforthe sUAS aerial filming conducted underthis grant ofexemption; o Name and phone number ofthe person responsible forthe onscene operation ofthe sUAS; o Make, model, and serial or N-Number ofsUAS to be used; o Name and certificate numberofsUAS PICs involved in the aerial filming; o A statementthatthe operator has obtained permission from propertyowners and/or local officials to conductthe filming production event; the list ofthose who gave permission must be made available tothe inspector upon request; o Signature ofexemption holder or representative; and o A description ofthe flight activity, including maps ordiagrams ofany area, city, town, county, and/orstate overwhich filming will be conducted and the altitudes essential to accomplish the operation. • Flight operations may be conducted closerthan 500 feetfrom participating
15persons consentingto be involved and necessaryforthe filming production, as specified in the exemption holder's MPTOM. ON-SITE PROCEDURES 

### The on-siteprocedures undertaken byAirphoto are conducted in accordance with and controlled through an extensive use of checklists. For this reasonJ the following sections repeatedlyreferto various checklistsfound inAppendixA ofthis Manual.

• Site Survey- In advance ofoperations, asurvey is undertaken to review the • site, its terrain, structures and surroundings- to check any assumptions made aboutthe location priorto arrival and to adjustthe operations plan accordingly. For this, an On-Site Survey Checklist is used (see Appendix A, page 25). The primary purpose ofthe site survey is to make avisual check ofthe operating area with the objective of identifying any potential hazards.

• Selection ofOperatingAreas and Alternatives- In advance ofthe pre-flight: On-Site Survey, Google maps will be consulted and- ifpossible- the local site will be visited beforehand. The site will be specifically checked in terms · of: o ProximitytoAirport Reference Points (ARP) as denoted in the Airport Facility Directory (AFD). Mustoperate outside 5 miles ofARP, unless otherwise agreed upon by virtue ofwritten letterofagreementwith the airport's management, or otherwise permitted bythe COA issued to Airphoto o Ability of PIC and VO to operate the sUAS clear of, and give wayto, all manned aviation operations and activities at all times. o 500ft. clearance ofall non-participating persons, vessels, vehicles, and structures unless; 

### A. sufficiently protected in the event ofan accident, and the nonparticipating persons remain protected at all times during operations ofthe sUAS, and 

### B. The owners and controllers ofanyvessels, vehicles, or structures has granted permission forthe operating closer to those objects and the PIC has made asafety assessment ofthe risk ofoperating closertothose objects and determined that it

16does not present an undue hazard. o Ability ofAirphoto to conduct operations over private or controlled access propertywith permission from the owner/controlleror representative ofsuch, and said permissions are granted. o Proximityto radio interferences o Prevailing weather conditions have been adequately assessed, including; high winds, convection, visibility, minimum cloud clearance {500ft below, and 2,000 ft horizontal clearance), or when visibility is less than 3 miles from the PIC. The primary site for take-off and landing will be assessed (size, shape, surface, slope and surroundings) and an alternative site will be identified should the primary site become unavailable or unsuitable.

• Boundaries- Airphoto requires that proper identifiers and signage will be in place in the operating area to alert people to the fact that aerial work is being conducted. The PIC will be responsible for cordoning to ensure safe distances from operations are observed. Cordoning procedures to be practiced include: o Take-offand Landing safetyArea: PIC will determinethe safe distances ofall people from the take-offand landing operation ofthe sUAS. The PIC will also establish acordoned area with clearly marked delineation the take-offand landing operations. o Signage and Identifying Clothing: The PIC will place signage at each entry pointwithinthe operations area alerting people to thefollowing: A. Low altitude aerial work is being conducted B. Use ofany actual sensing equipment being used C. A request asking people to not enterthe area without first notifyingthe PIC orAirphoto designated on-site flight operations personnel D. PIC and VO will put on outerwearthatwill identifythem in their respective roles. Signage will be attached on their person thatwill instruct law-enforcement, observers, orany other people presentthatthey are not to be interrupted un-necessarilywhile conducting flight

17operations.

• Anemometer Weather Check- Beyond pre-site planning weather forecast checks, Airphoto requires that the PIC conduct specific on-site weather checks. The PIC will utilize a hand-held or portable Anemometer to determine wind speed, direction, temperature, and humidity. Aerial operations will only be conducted within the specific recommended wind and humidity limitations ofthe sUAS manufacturer's operating manuals, or if not identified therein, only in conditions where wind speed is less than lSmph, gusting up to 20mph.

• Crew Briefing
- Airphoto flight operations personnel will typically include the PIC, VO, and other possible ground crew. The operations personnel, in addition to any other parties that may be present, will be briefed prior to the start ofoperations. The briefing will include: o Introduction tothe equipment being used includingthe sUAS and the ground station functions, with particular emphasis on ! moving parts includingweight ofthe sUAS, and the harm or damage that could possibly be inflicted by coming into contact with those components (particularlythe propellers, and hot surfaces) o Familiarization with the failsafe return-to-home systems and instruction on howto activate those systems ifthe PIC is unable to activate those systems o Expected flight plan, holding positions, flight duration, and overall flight boundaries. o Expected responsibilities and authority ofeach flight operations personnel o Identification and familiarization with the take-offand landing designated areas, and the requirements for remaining clear of those areas atall times. o The need for all presentto alertthe PIC ofany encroachments of people orobjects intothe airspace and ground boundaries o Importance of mitigating any possible distractions or unnecessary communication with the PIC during operations o Careful review of Lost Link and emergency procedures • Communications- Airphoto uses channel-hopping technology on 2.4GHz to

18maintain communications with the SUAS for the purposes of platform control. There is no communication ('downlink') from the sUAS to the ground station. In the event of loss of or interference with the control frequency, the sUAS is programmed to return to its take-off position and land autonomously ('return-to-home'). This failsafe procedure is described further under Emergency Procedures.

• Frequency Scans
- Airphoto will perform frequency scans to help identify possible conflict with radio communications. This will be performed via a hand-held or portable radio spectrum scanner by the PIC. These scans will include afull spectrum scan ofthe applicable frequency range ofthe sUAS. Possible sources of radio interference or conflict will be identified and evaluated to determine ifflight operations can be safely continued.

• Recharging and Battery Use (Fuel Management)
- The DJI Phantom 3 Pro utilizes a 4480 mAh 15.2V LiPo 45 Intelligent Flight Battery. Batteries are charged at base priorto flight operations. The numberof batteries thatwill be transported to the flight operations area will be based on the specific needs of the flight operations or mission. The battery capacity will be tested utilizing the internal proprietary tester on the battery, and will also be checked utilizing the proprietary DJI software, as well as any internally sensed telemetry software and hardware attached to the sUAS. A battery charge log will be kept via the proprietary DJI Phantom 3 Pro software and will be completed prior to every flight. Any battery found to be less than fully-charged, damaged, displays insufficient voltage, or otherwise defective will not be used.

• Load-outs and Equipment- The Phantom 3 Pro is asimple quad-copter UAS with limited capability for loads and equipment. Removable equipment includes the battery, gimbal, camera, telemetry hardware, antenna, and imaging transmitter. The battery is held in place via proprietary fittings. The gimbal is attached via screws intothe airframe. The camera is attached to the gimbal using screws and a proprietary harness. All other equipment is attached using nylon fittings, Velcro, or adhesives. Total takeoff weight with these components will not exceed the maximum recommended takeoffweight identified in the Phantom 3 Pro Users/operators Manual of 1280 grams. Payload security is tested prior to any operations both visually and

19

### by vigorous tactile testing. All attachment points will be inspected and tested weekly.

20

## FLIGHT PROCEDURES Airphoto will utilize checklists to direct the flight operations personnel in flight procedures. The following section will continually refer to the several checklists presented in the Appendix.

• Motor Start
- All of the various preflight checks will have been performed priorto motorstart and will include: o PIC and VO will puton identifying outerwear. o Pre-flight compass calibration, GPS verification, and voltage diagnostics completed. o Take-off position and location is checked to ensure it is clear of obstacles, debris, potential hazards, and people. o Transmitter switches are placed in the proper configuration, includingthe home switch and GPS mode switch. o Transmitter is on and properly charged with voltage confirmed. o Battery is secured, on, and properly seated. o Camera and gimbal is armed, respondingto commands, and stabilized. o sUAS is placed in the propertakeoff position. o LED flight mode indicator, and telemetry read-out shows adequate GPS connectivity accordingtothe DJI Phantom 3 Pro User/operators Manual. o LED flight mode indicators and telemetry read-outs showthe proper flight mode is selected DJI Phantom 3 ProUser/operators Manual. o Camera is switched on. o All flight operations personnel are in their proper position and atthe ready. o Start motors, and establish functional pre-take-off power setting.

• Take-Off- Once motors have been started, the PIC will verify that the pretake-off checklist has been completed. Once this has been verified, the PIC will followthe followingtake-off procedure: 

### 1. Apply powerfor acontrolled ascent to asafe low-level test altitude overthe take-offarea, and then hold. 2. After in hold, PIC performs check ofall control stick response including rudder, aileron, elevator, and throttleto ensure proper
21response to commands. 3. PIC confirms withVO thattheflight operations area is free of obstructions orother manned or unmanned airtraffic. 4. PIC confirms with all flight operations personnel thattheyare ready to proceed with flight operations as planned.

• In-Flight
- Airphoto requires that the PIC is free to concentrate on positioning, scanning, and monitoring systems and the flight operations area without un-necessary distraction, and to ensure the flight is compliant with remaining 500 ft clear of all non-participating persons, vessels,. vehicles, or structures unless proper permissions have been obtained as· described in the previous section addressing the selection of sites.• Throughout the flight, PIC will take particular care to remain within the established operating permissions and envelope by executing the following practices: o Verifythrough verbal communication with the VO thatthey are alerted to any manned or unmanned aircraftwithin the flight area. o Verifythrough verbal communication with the VO that obstacles are being identified and avoided. o Interval monitoringofvoltage and communication with sUAS to ensure adequate voltage according tothe DJI Phantom 3 ProUser/operating Manual for safe return and landing. o Monitortime since motorswere started to ensure a minimum of3 minutes of batteryfuel is available for return and landing ofsUAS. o A safety margin ofa minimum of3 minutes of battery life is maintained atall times. o Maintainvisual contactwith flight systems/mode and battery LED light indicators at all times. o Maintain situational awareness ofchanges in weather, visibility, or cloud avoidance atall times. o Maintain operation speeds less than lOOmph. o Maintainvisual contactwith sUAS atall times. o Ensure VO has visual contactwith the sUAS in flight atall times. Establish a position hold until VO re-establishes visual contact with the sUAS ifcontact is lost.

22• Let-Down/Landing
- To execute a safe recovery and landing of the sUAS, the PIC will ensure thatthe following practices are followed: o Establish and guide the sUAS through asafe route to directlyabove the cordoned take-offand landing area. o Maintain asafe descent rate and follows all procedures and techniques to avoid vortex state orsettling with power. o Verifythat a minimum of3 minutes of battery life is available, as mentioned above, to ensure a holding position ifthe landing area is notcleared. o Verifythatthe landing area is clear ofdebris, obstacles, people, or hazards thatwould preclude asafe landing.

• Shutdown
- Upon landing, the throttle is returned to the home position causing the rotors to stop spinning. Operations then proceed as follows: 1. The sUAS battery is switched offordisconnected. 2. The camera is stopped and is then switched off. 3. The sUAS is removed from the landing area and is checked for any abnormalities ordamage. 4. The transmitter is switched off. 5. The sUAS battery is removed, tested, and then the battery is safely secured and stored.

23

## EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
The emergency procedures described below address the following, safety-critical' question: 

### In the event ofa malfunction,failure or other in-flight emergency, how is the sUAS going to safely land withoutcreating a hazard to otherairspace users orpersonsorpropertyon theground? MOTORTHRUST LOSS As aquad copter, The Phantom 3 Pro has no 'rotor redundancy'. Loss of powerto a motor on a quad copter will result in a crash. For this reason, Airphoto takes specific preventative steps to ensure that loss of powerto a motorwill not occur: • Wiring integrity is checked visually priorto any flight operations. • A pre-flight battery check is undertakentotestthe charge ofthe cells. • Upon take-off, the sUAS is lifted into atemporary, low-altitude holding position and the throttle/ rudder and aileron/elevatorcontrol sticks are moved to check that sUAS is responding as expected. Ifthere is a loss ofthrust to a motor, any residual control left available to the PIC will be used to guide the sUAS away from people and objects to avoid injury or damage to property and people. Every effort will be made to restrict the crash site tothe safest possible position. sUAS BATTERY FAILURE As has been addressed in above previous sections, Airphoto has procedures and practices in place designed to prevent sUAS batter failure or malfunction, and they include: • The batteries are physically inspected and tested through all phases of preflight and postflightfordamage or swelling • The Battery performance and condition is tested priorto each flightto ensure they are fully charged, and the proprietaryOJI software charge track/log is checked to ensure the battery meets the minimum safe requirements as specified by DJI in operating manual and firmware specs. • Throughout all phases offlight, the batteryvoltage, percentage ofcharge remaining, and time in operation is constantly monitored via the telemetry transmission tothe ground station to ensure there is the proper minimum voltage and time to return and land is achieved and maintained. • The PIC will immediately land the sUAS in the nearest possible landing area
24iftelemetry indicates the minimumvoltage, time in operation, or percentage ofcharge are not met. BATTERY FAILURE FAILSAFE (Low Battery RTH) The low battery level failsafe is triggered when the DJI Intelligent Flight Battery is depleted to a point that may affect the safe return of the aircraft. Users are advised to return home or land the aircraft immediately when prompted. The DJI pilot app will display a notice when a low batterywarning is triggered. The aircraft will automatically return to the Home Point if no action is taken after a 10 second countdown. The user can cancel the RTH procedure by pressing the RTH button on the remote controller. The thresholds for these warnings are automatically determined based on the aircraft's current altitude and distance from the Home Point. The aircraft will land automatically if the current battery level can only support the aircraft long enough to descend from its current altitude. The user can still use the remote controllerto alterthe aircraft's orientation duringthe landing process. A more detailed description of indications, warnings, and thresholds is presented in Appendix E-Phantom 3 User Manual, page 13 and 14, ofthis document.

TRANSMITTER/CONTROLLER BATTERY FAILURE As has been mentioned previously, through the extensive use of checklist procedures, Airphoto requires that the PIC ensure the DJI Phantom 3 Pro controller (ground station) will be fully charged priorto any aerial operation. Any monitors being used to displaytelemetrywill also be fully charged. CONTROLLER BATTERY FAILSAFE Airphoto will use The DJI Phantom 3 Pro flight control system that incorporates an automated failsafe system which commands the sUAS to return to home and land if there is a loss of remote control for 3 seconds due to battery failure or any other cause. When the controller battery level is critically lowThe Remote Status Indicatorwill blink red and sound an alert. LOSS OF CONTROL FREQUENCY (and/orGround Station Failure)

25To help prevent a loss ofcontrol frequency, Airphoto requires thatthe PIC ensure flight operations only occur within un-aided visual line of site VLOS at all times. Doing so will keep the sUAS well within the required minimum range of the DJI. Phantom 3 Pro controller/transmitter. LOSS OF CONTROL FREQUENCY FAILSAFE Ifthe control frequency signal is lost for more than 3 seconds (sUAS out of range, ground station failure etc.) the DJI Phantom 3 Pro Flight Controller has been programmed to switch the UAS into failsafe mode and it will 'return to home' ' (RTH) and also land: • Ifthe failsafe occurs while in GPS mode according tothe parameters of the DJI Phantom 3 Pro User/Operator Manual, the sUAS will return tothe take-offand landing area and auto-land. • Ifthe fail location occurs while in A Til mode accordingtothe parameters ofthe DJI Phantom 3 Pro User/Operator Manual, the sUAS will auto-land. • The RTH failsafe mechanism works bythe sUAS Flight Controller saving the home (take-off) pointautomaticallywhen the throttle stick is moved forthefirsttime (after 6 or more GPS satellites have been acquireddenoted by asingle red pulse from the LED oraseries ofcontinuous green pulses). The RTH failsafe function on the sUAS is tested on aweekly basis by Airphoto by switchingthe transmitter offduring atestflight session. MALICIOUS OR ACCIDENTAL INTERFERENCE WITH CONTROL FREQUENCY As was mentioned in previous sections, through the extensive use of checklists, Airphoto requires that the PIC utilize a Spectrum Scanner to ensure there is no • accidental or malicious radio interference. In the unlikely event that this should

. occur, the PIC will initiate the failsafe procedure mentioned in the previous section

• Pilot Incapacitation
- If the pilot-in-command becomes incapacitated to the extentthat control ofthe sUAS becomes unviable, the sUAS will hover , in a stationery position until the battery's second level low-voltage protection is triggered. At this point, the sUAS will descend and land in a steady, controlled manner. If an observer is present, they will have been briefed on the sUAS's failsafe (return-to-home) mode and its activation

26(see Section on ucrew Briefing").

• Aircraft Incursion
- If another aircraft should enter or appears to be entering the Visual Line of Sight Operating Envelope VLOS, PIC will operate the sUAS to immediately maintain safe visual separation, and give wayto any manned flight operation.

FLY AWAY PROCEDURE A ((fly away" is defined as the loss of control transmission link where the PIC no longer has control or the ability to command the sUAS to remain within the bounds of the intended operation area. In the unlikely event that this should occur, the PIC will observe and record the direction offlight heading, speed, and altitude ofthe sUAS, and then followthe Incident Response Procedure as outlined below: • Crash 

### & Incident Response While Airphoto takes extreme caution in its flight procedures to prevent a loss of control or crash, any incident, accident, or operation that transgresses the lateral or vertical boundaries as defined by the applicable COA issued must be reported to the FAA UAS Integration Office (AFS 80) within 24 hours. The following procedures will also be ensured by the PIC: o PIC will have on their person acopy ofthe local emergency response contact information, includingfire, law enforcement, medical response, and the UAS Integration Office contact information

27

# AppendixA Checklists

28

### SITE SELECTION CHECKLIST:



### o Review applicable charts and note airspace including Special Use Airspace (SUA}, Prohibited Areas, and nearby designated airport traffic patterns. Assess property boundaries within the working area and consider coordination efforts and documentation needed for safe operation. 

### o Checkfor Notices toAirmen (NOTAMS} 

### o Determine aweather observation source forthe area. 

## o Note prevailingweather conditions. 

## o Assess Risk Factors. 

### o Visually check the operating area and identify potential hazards: • Persons, vessels, trees, fencing, structures, high-tension lines, livestock, sensitive habitats areas, noise abatement. · 

### o Analyze and determinethe besttake offand landing zone. 

### o Account for hard or soft surface conditions including sloping and terrain differences. 

### o Establish an alternate if the primary take off and landing zone should become unavailable or unsuitable.

29

### PRE-FLIGHT START-UP CHECKLIST: 

## o Verify all transmitter, on-board aircraftand camera batteries are fully charged (confirm voltages). 

### o Ensure no frequency conflicts with video and transmitter

## I receiver. 

### o Check all control surfaces for signs ofdamage, loose hinges, and overall condition. Inspectthewings

## I rotors to ensure they are in good structural condition and properly secured. 

### o Check motor

## I engine and mounting attachments tothe airframe. 

### o Inspect propellers

## I mounting hardware (tight)

## I rotor blades for chips and deformation. 

### o Check the landing gearfor damage and function. o Test electrical connections (plugged in and secure). o Ensure photo

## Ivideo equipment mountingsystem is secure and operational. o Check location ofGPS equipment controllingthe autopilot. o Check the IMU movements in the ground control software. o sUAS in stabilization mode, ensure control response move toward the correct positions. o sUAS 

## I Drone is in a level location safe fortakeoff. o FPV

## I Power up ground station. o FPV

## I Power upVideo receiver. o If using Video recorder, turn on camera system. o Camera settings are correct (still images, video, frame rate). o SD camera memoryclear and inserted intothe camera. o Action 

## I Startfilming. o All transmitter controls move freely in all directions. o All transmittertrims in neutral position. o All transmitterswitches in correct position (typically away). o Transmitterthrottle to zero. o Radio transmitter on. o Connect

## I power on batteryto airframe. o Ensure led indicators and audible tones are correct. o Timer on (ifapplicable). o FPV, confirm video is in monitor

## I goggles. o Scan for nearby cars 

## I people

## I animals. o Say"CLEAR!". o Arm flight controller.

30

### o Increase throttle slightly listeningfor any abnormalities. 

### o Short 20-30 second hover at3-5 feet (listen forvibrations

## I loose items). 

## o Confirm Voltage levels are correct.

31

### PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTION CHECKLIST: 

### D Perform initial walk-around. 

### D Inspect sUAS for cracks in joints and structural members. 

### D Inspect sUAS for loose ordamaged screws, ties, fasteners, straps. 

### D Inspect sUAS for loose ordamaged wiring. 

### D Inspect sUAS for loose ordamaged connections (solder, plugs, etc.). 

### D Inspect prop mounts and screws and apply slight counter pressure on arms to check for loosened components. 

### D Ensure antennas and masts are secure. 

### D Inspect

## I clean FPV Camera and Lens and insure it is secured and connections are firmly attached. 

### D Ensure camera settings are correct (still images, video, frame rate). 

### D Ensure FPV Transmitters are secure and operational. 

### D Ensure batteries are fully charged, properlyseated and secured. 

### D Ensure thefollowingfail-safe equipment is functioning: 

### D RTH (return to home). 

### D Recovery Command Response (toggle test). 

### D Firmware Airport Proximity Detection. 

### D Ensure props are smooth and free ofdamage

## I defect (check blade, surface and hub). 

### D Ensure prop adapters are tight

## I secure. 

### D Ensure voltage alarm is connected. 

### D Ensure arming

## I idle timeout is properly configured. 

### D Ensure correct model is selected in transmitter (ifapplicable). 

### D Check RC transmitterforthe correct range and centeringforall sticks. 

### D Perform range test.

32

### IN-FLIGHT CHECKLIST: D Basics: Ifflying manually, always keep yourfingers on the controller/transmitter. 

### D Never letthe sUAS outofyour sight even for asecond. 

### D Climb to asafe altitude away from potential hazards and to reduce noise pollution. 

### D Keep aircraft atasafe operating distance from people, electric utility lines and buildings. 

### D Ifthe sUAS must be flown over buildings or people, use a lightweight sUAS and maintain asafe altitudefor recovery and make every effortto minimize exposure. 

### D Spotter: Use aspotterwhenever possible and appropriate, especially when flying by First Person View (FPV). 

### D Do notfly sUASs within distance defined by local laws ofany private/commercial airport/helipad. 

### D Do notflyaround a pre-existing sUAS flying site without afrequencymanagement agreement. 

### D Do not interfere with operations and traffic patterns atany airport.

33

### LANDING CHECKLIST: 

### 0 Regardless ofwhetherofa manual orautomated sUAS landing, scan landing area for potential obstruction hazards. 

### 0 Announce out loud "Preparingto Land". 

### 0 Use asafe descent rate and follow correct procedures to avoid avortex state orsettling. 0 Carefully land the aircraft awayfrom obstructions and people. 0 Turn the power offtothe aircraftand/ordisconnectthe batteries. 0 Turn offthe transmitter. 

### 0 Turn the power offtothe photo equipment. 

### 0 Visually check aircraftforsigns ofdamage and/orexcessive wear. 

### 0 Remove the unused fuel ifapplicable. Secure the aircraft. 

### 0 Check pictures: Verifythatthe sUAS camera actuallytookthe pictures. 

### 0 LOG FLIGHT.

34

# Appendix

# B Maintenance Logbook

35

### MAINTENANCE LOGBOOK
Date Component Maintenance Maintenance Comments Activity Time

36

# AppendixC Incident/ AccidentLogbook

37

### INCIDENT/ACCIDENT LOGBOOK
Date of Time of Name ofInjured Incident/ Accident ActionTaken Notes Incident/ Incident/ Details Accident Accident

38

# Appendix D FlightRecord Logbook

39

### FLIGHT RECORD LOGBOOK (Sample Page)
Date Location Activity FlyingTime Battery Battery Comments Before After

40