1

Appendix 7 – Environmental Risk Screen
Table 1 – PB-HAP Benchmarks Included in the Environmental Risk Screen

EcoHAP Assessment Endpoint Benchmark Effects Level Benchmark Value

Benchmark 

Source

Cadmium Fish - Avian Piscivores NOAEL (merganser) 0.7 (mg/kg BW/day) d

Cadmium Fish - Avian Piscivores LOAEL (merganser) 1 (mg/kg BW/day) d

Cadmium Fish - Mammalian Piscivores NOAEL (mink) 0.742 (mg/kg BW/day) e

Cadmium Fish - Mammalian Piscivores LOAEL (mink) 7.42 (mg/kg BW/day) e

Cadmium Sediment Community No-effect Level 0.6 (mg/kg dry wt) b

Cadmium Sediment Community Threshold Level 1.2 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Sediment Community Probable-effect Level 3.5 (mg/kg dry wt) b

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 1 - 312 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.36 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 1 - 312 m

Threshold - Avian Ground Insectivores 

(woodcock) 0.77 (mg/kg dry wt)

a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 1 - 312 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 32 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 1 - 312 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 140 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 2 - 850 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.36 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 2 - 850 m

Threshold - Avian Ground Insectivores 

(woodcock) 0.77 (mg/kg dry wt)

a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 2 - 850 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 32 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 2 - 850 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 140 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 3 - 1,500 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.36 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 3 - 1,500 m

Threshold - Avian Ground Insectivores 

(woodcock) 0.77 (mg/kg dry wt)

a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 3 - 1,500 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 32 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 3 - 1,500 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 140 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 4 - 3,500 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.36 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 4 - 3,500 m

Threshold - Avian Ground Insectivores 

(woodcock) 0.77 (mg/kg dry wt)

a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 4 - 3,500 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 32 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 4 - 3,500 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 140 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 5 - 7,500 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.36 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 5 - 7,500 m

Threshold - Avian Ground Insectivores 

(woodcock) 0.77 (mg/kg dry wt)

a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 5 - 7,500 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 32 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Surface Soil - Dist. 5 - 7,500 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 140 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Cadmium Water-column Community Threshold Level 0.25 (ug/L) c

Cadmium Water-column Community Frank-effect Level 2 (ug/L) c

Dioxin Fish - Avian Piscivores NOAEL (merganser) 0.0000014 (mg/kg BW/day) f

Dioxin Fish - Avian Piscivores LOAEL (merganser) 0.000014 (mg/kg BW/day) f

Dioxin Fish - Mammalian Piscivores NOAEL (mink)

0.000000771 (mg/kg 

BW/day) f
Table 1 – PB-HAP Benchmarks Included in the Environmental Risk Screen

EcoHAP Assessment Endpoint Benchmark Effects Level Benchmark Value

Benchmark 

Source

Dioxin Fish - Mammalian Piscivores LOAEL (mink) 0.00000771 (mg/kg BW/day) f

Dioxin Sediment Community Threshold Level 0.00000116 (mg/kg dry wt) g

Dioxin Surface Soil - Dist. 1 - 312 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.0000002 (mg/kg dry wt) h

Dioxin Surface Soil - Dist. 2 - 850 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.0000002 (mg/kg dry wt) h

Dioxin Surface Soil - Dist. 3 - 1,500 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.0000002 (mg/kg dry wt) h

Dioxin Surface Soil - Dist. 4 - 3,500 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.0000002 (mg/kg dry wt) h

Dioxin Surface Soil - Dist. 5 - 7,500 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 0.0000002 (mg/kg dry wt) h

Dioxin Water-column Community Threshold Level 0.000012 (ug/L) i

Dioxin Water-column Community Frank-effect Level 0.1 (ug/L) i

Mercuric Chloride Sediment Community Threshold Level 0.15 (mg/kg dry wt) a

Mercuric Chloride Sediment Community Probable-effect Level 0.7 (mg/kg dry wt) j

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 1 - 312 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 0.3 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 1 - 312 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.1 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 2 - 850 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 0.3 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 2 - 850 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.1 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 3 - 1,500 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 0.3 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 3 - 1,500 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.1 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 4 - 3,500 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 0.3 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 4 - 3,500 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.1 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 5 - 7,500 m Threshold Level - Plant Community 0.3 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Surface Soil - Dist. 5 - 7,500 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.1 (mg/kg dry wt) k

Mercuric Chloride Water-column Community Threshold Level 0.77 (ug/L) c

Mercuric Chloride Water-column Community Frank-effect Level 1.4 (ug/L) c

Mercury (methyl) Fish - Avian Piscivores NOAEL (merganser) 0.013 (mg/kg BW/day) f

Mercury (methyl) Fish - Avian Piscivores LOAEL (merganser) 0.078 (mg/kg BW/day) f

Mercury (methyl) Fish - Mammalian Piscivores NOAEL (mink) 0.0247 (mg/kg BW/day) e

Mercury (methyl) Fish - Mammalian Piscivores LOAEL (mink) 0.123 (mg/kg BW/day) e

Mercury (methyl) Sediment Community Threshold Level 0.2 (mg/kg dry wt) l

Mercury (methyl) Sediment Community Probable-effect Level 1 (mg/kg dry wt) l

Mercury (methyl) Surface Soil - Dist. 1 - 312 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.67 (mg/kg dry wt) I

Mercury (methyl) Surface Soil - Dist. 2 - 850 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.67 (mg/kg dry wt) i

Mercury (methyl) Surface Soil - Dist. 3 - 1,500 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.67 (mg/kg dry wt) i

Mercury (methyl) Surface Soil - Dist. 4 - 3,500 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.67 (mg/kg dry wt) i

Mercury (methyl) Surface Soil - Dist. 5 - 7,500 m Threshold Level - Invertebrate Community 0.67 (mg/kg dry wt) i

Mercury (methyl) Water-column Community Threshold Level 0.0028 (ug/L) c

Mercury (methyl) Water-column Community Frank-effect Level 0.099 (ug/L) c

PAH Fish - Mammalian Piscivores NOAEL (mink) 0.417 (mg/kg BW/day) e

PAH Fish - Mammalian Piscivores LOAEL (mink) 4.17 (mg/kg BW/day) e
Table 1 – PB-HAP Benchmarks Included in the Environmental Risk Screen

EcoHAP Assessment Endpoint Benchmark Effects Level Benchmark Value

Benchmark 

Source

PAH Sediment Community No-effect Level 0.032 (mg/kg dry wt) b

PAH Sediment Community Threshold Level 0.15 (mg/kg dry wt) l, h

PAH Sediment Community Probable-effect Level 1.45 (mg/kg dry wt) l

PAH Surface Soil - Dist. 1 - 312 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 1.52 (mg/kg dry wt) h

PAH Surface Soil - Dist. 2 - 850 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 1.52 (mg/kg dry wt) h

PAH Surface Soil - Dist. 3 - 1,500 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 1.52 (mg/kg dry wt) h

PAH Surface Soil - Dist. 4 - 3,500 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 1.52 (mg/kg dry wt) h

PAH Surface Soil - Dist. 5 - 7,500 m Threshold - Mammalian Insectivores (shrew) 1.52 (mg/kg dry wt) h

PAH Water-column Community Threshold Level 0.014 (ug/L) a, h, m

PAH Water-column Community Frank-effect Level 0.24 (ug/L) a

Lead Ambient Air NAAQS Secondary Standard 0.15 ug/m3n

Benchmark Sources:

a. U.S. EPA OSWER

b. Environment Canada

c. U.S. EPA OW

d. CA DTSC HERD (2009)

e. Sample, et. al, 1996

f. U.S. EPA 1995

g. U.S. EPA Region 3, 4, and 5.

h. U.S. EPA Region 5

i. U.S. EPA Region 4

j. Florida DEP, NOAA

k. ORNL and EPA Region 4 and 6

l. MacDonald, et. al. 2000

m. U.S. EPA Region 6

n. NAAQS for Lead, Secondary Standard
Table 2 – Acid Gas Benchmarks Included in the Environmental Risk Screen

a- Note that the human health RfC is 20 μg/m3, which is lower than the ecological benchmark.

Acid Gas Chronic 90-day Benchmark in μg/m3

Hydrochloric acid - LOEL 50a

Hydrofluoric acid – Plant Community LOEL 0.5

Hydrofluoric acid – Plant Community LOEL 0.4
Table 3 – Hydrofluoric Acid Ecological Screening Data for Each

Phosphoric Acid Manufacturing Facility

NA – Not applicable, this is a facility level metric.

1 – If the average concentration of all offsite data points in the modeling domain does not exceed the benchmark then “No” will appear in the 

column. If the average concentration of all offsite data points in the modeling domain exceeds the benchmark, then the number of times the 

concentration exceeds the benchmark will appear in the column. 

2- The percent of the offsite modeled area that exceeded the benchmark. A value of 0% indicates that none of the individual modeled data 

points exceeded the benchmark. 

3 –The average HF concentration for all offsite points that exceeded the benchmark divided by the benchmark. 

4- The highest offsite HF concentration for a single point at each facility divided by the benchmark.

Facility 

NEI ID

Canadian LOEL of 0.4 ug/m3 Washington State LOEL of 0.5 ug/m3

Does Average Facility 

Concentration Exceed 

Benchmark?1

% of Area Modeled 

Exceeding2

Does Average Facility 

Concentration Exceed 

Benchmark?1

% of Area Modeled 

Exceeding2

570008 No 2% No 2%

4056 No 6% No 3%

45571 No 3% No 2%

93004 No <1% No <1%

50059 No 1% No 1%

12286 No 1% No 1%

59305 No <1% No <1%

570005 No <1% No <1%

6147 No 0% No 0%

26584 No 0% No 0%

387 No 0% No 0%

Category NA 1% NA 1%