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[Congressional Bills 113th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2901 Introduced in House (IH)]

113th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 2901

 To strengthen implementation of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the 
    Poor Act of 2005 by improving the capacity of the United States 
Government to implement, leverage, and monitor and evaluate programs to 
     provide first-time or improved access to safe drinking water, 
  sanitation, and hygiene to the world's poorest on an equitable and 
               sustainable basis, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             August 1, 2013

Mr. Blumenauer (for himself, Mr. Poe of Texas, Mr. Cole, Mr. Jones, Mr. 
 Ribble, Mr. Rohrabacher, Mr. Sensenbrenner, Mr. Shimkus, Mr. Smith of 
    New Jersey, Mr. Terry, Mr. Hanna, Mr. Schock, and Ms. Edwards) 
 introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
                            Foreign Affairs

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
 To strengthen implementation of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the 
    Poor Act of 2005 by improving the capacity of the United States 
Government to implement, leverage, and monitor and evaluate programs to 
     provide first-time or improved access to safe drinking water, 
  sanitation, and hygiene to the world's poorest on an equitable and 
               sustainable basis, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Senator Paul Simon 
Water for the World Act of 2013''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title and table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 4. Purpose.
Sec. 5. Improving coordination and oversight of safe water, sanitation, 
                            and hygiene projects and activities.
Sec. 6. Increasing sustainability of safe water, sanitation, and 
                            hygiene projects and activities.
Sec. 7. United States complimentary strategies to increase sustainable, 
                            affordable, and equitable access to safe 
                            water, sanitation, and hygiene.
Sec. 8. Transparency and monitoring and evaluation.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
        (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533)--
                    (A) makes access to affordable, equitable, and 
                sustainable clean water, sanitation, and hygiene for 
                developing countries a specific policy objective of 
                United States foreign assistance programs;
                    (B) requires the United States Government to--
                            (i) develop a strategy to elevate and 
                        further the United States foreign policy and 
                        foreign assistance objective to provide 
                        affordable and equitable access to safe water, 
                        sanitation, and hygiene in developing 
                        countries; and
                            (ii) improve the effectiveness and 
                        targeting of United States assistance programs 
                        undertaken in support of that strategy;
                    (C) codifies Target 10 of the United Nations 
                Millennium Development Goals; and
                    (D) seeks to reduce by half between 1990 (the 
                baseline year) and 2015--
                            (i) the proportion of people who are unable 
                        to reach or afford safe drinking water; and
                            (ii) the proportion of people without 
                        access to basic sanitation.
            (2) For maximum effectiveness of assistance, safe drinking 
        water, sanitation, and hygiene must be coordinated with and 
        reflected in programs and strategies for food security, global 
        health, environment, education, gender equality, and conflict 
        prevention and mitigation.
            (3) On February 2, 2012, the United States national 
        intelligence community released a National Intelligence 
        Estimate on Global Water Security, which found that--
                    (A) over the next decade, countries of strategic 
                importance to the United States will experience water 
                shortages, poor water quality, or floods, that will 
                risk instability or state failure and increase regional 
                tensions;
                    (B) water problems may pose a risk to global food 
                markets and economic growth, and may harm the economic 
                performance of important trading partners;
                    (C) water stresses compound existing problems, such 
                as poverty, social tension, and ill-health and without 
                good management of water food supplies will be reduced 
                and water borne diseases will increase; and
                    (D) pressure will arise for a more engaged United 
                States to make water a global priority and to support 
                major development projects.
            (4) On August 1, 2008, Congress passed House Concurrent 
        Resolution 318, which--
                    (A) supports the goals and ideals of the 
                International Year of Sanitation; and
                    (B) recognizes the importance of sanitation on 
                public health, poverty reduction, economic and social 
                development, and the environment.
            (5) According to the 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 
        commissioned by the United Nations, more than one-fifth of the 
        world's population relies on freshwater sources that are either 
        polluted or excessively withdrawn. Healthy ecosystems provide 
        multiple water-related services, such as flood control and 
        water purification, upon which human security, health and well-
        being depend. Therefore, measures aiming to maintain or restore 
        those services ensure the long-term sustainability of 
        strategies to secure safe and reliable access to water and 
        sanitation.
            (6) While progress is being made on safe water and 
        sanitation efforts--
                    (A) more than 783,000,000 people throughout the 
                world lack access to safe drinking water; and
                    (B) approximately 35 percent of the total global 
                population does not have access to basic sanitation 
                services.
            (7) A lack of access to clean water and adequate sanitation 
        has disproportionate, and too often deadly impacts on children:
                    (A) Water and sanitation-related disease, despite 
                being preventable, remains one of the most significant 
                child health problems worldwide. Diarrhea is the most 
                serious of these diseases, alone killing over 3,000 
                children each day, and is the second biggest cause of 
                death in children in the post neonatal period, aged one 
                month to 5 years. Ninety percent of all people that die 
                from diarrheal disease are children under the age of 5. 
                Eighty-eight percent of diarrheal disease is attributed 
                to unsafe drinking water, inadequate sanitation and 
                poor hygiene.
                    (B) Even when bouts of diarrhea don't kill, these 
                episodes can physically and mentally stunt children, 
                affecting them for the rest of their lives.
                    (C) Having adequate and appropriate water supply 
                and sanitation facilities in schools is a major factor 
                influencing whether children, and especially adolescent 
                girls, attend school.
                    (D) Adequate sanitation facilities and practices 
                contributes to reducing malnutrition in children, 
                improves the quality of life and dignity of girls and 
                women, protects the environment, and generates economic 
                benefits for communities and nations.
            (8) The health and environmental consequences of unsafe 
        drinking water and poor sanitation are significant, accounting 
        for nearly 10 percent of the global burden of disease, and as 
        further indicated by the following:
                    (A) At any given time, half of the hospital beds in 
                developing countries are occupied by patients suffering 
                from diseases associated with lack of access to safe 
                drinking water, inadequate sanitation, and poor 
                hygiene.
                    (B) More than 3,575,000 people die each year from 
                water-related disease.
                    (C) Chronic or acute diarrhea can lead to cognitive 
                delays, with severe repercussions for economic 
                development.
                    (D) Lack of adequate sanitation contaminates rivers 
                worldwide, as one of the most significant sources of 
                water pollution. Every day, 2,000,000 tons of untreated 
                sewage and industrial and agricultural waste are 
                discharged into the world's freshwaters.
            (9) Clean water and sanitation are among the most powerful 
        drivers for human development. They extend opportunity, enhance 
        dignity, and help create a virtuous cycle of improving health 
        and rising wealth.
            (10) Diseases linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation, 
        as well as the time and energy women often devote to collecting 
        water, significantly reduce economic productivity in less 
        developed countries and promote lifecycles of disadvantage.
            (11) Expanding access to clean water, sanitation, and 
        hygiene, while protecting the natural infrastructures that 
        store, deliver, and purify water for nature and people, are 
        essential steps in reducing the global burden of disease, 
        advancing sustainable economic and social development, 
        protecting basic human rights, preventing violence against 
        girls and women, and mitigating sources of conflict associated 
        with water scarcity, mass migration, and water related 
        disasters, both within and between countries.
            (12) Nearly 1,000,000,000 people across the globe still 
        suffer from chronic hunger. Water scarcity and poor water 
        management reduce agricultural productivity and add pressures 
        on valuable fisheries, posing a major threat to food security 
        and local livelihoods, and limits the ability of the world to 
        provide the resources necessary for the doubling of food 
        production that will be required to meet the demands of a 
        projected population of 9,000,000,000 people by 2050.
            (13) 2.8 billion people in more than 48 countries are 
        expected to face severe and chronic water shortages by 2025, 
        with major impacts on energy and food security, development, 
        livelihoods, human health, and natural infrastructure.
            (14) Agriculture consumes 70 percent of all freshwater 
        withdrawn globally. Global increases in the efficiency and 
        productivity of both irrigated and rain-fed agriculture will be 
        needed to meet future food production requirements.
            (15) Approximately half the world's population lives in 
        cities, often in slums characterized by unsafe water, poor 
        sanitation, lack of basic services, overcrowding, inferior 
        construction and insecure tenure.
            (16) According to the United Nations, women make up 70 
        percent of the world's poor. Yet, the time they spend 
        collecting water prevents them from undertaking other 
        activities, such as generating income or attending school.
            (17) A lack of access to safe water and improved sanitation 
        close to home and at school can impact girls' educational 
        attainment and retention, limiting their ability to break the 
        cycle of poverty. Research has found increases in girls' school 
        enrollment when clean water points were installed closer to 
        home, and increases in girls' school attendance when separate 
        latrines for boys and girls were provided on site. Meeting 
        Target 10 of the Millennium Development Goals for water and 
        sanitation would provide an estimated 272,000,000 additional 
        school days per year.
            (18) A lack of water points close to home or safe, private 
        latrines can put women and girls in isolated situations, making 
        them more vulnerable to sexual and physical violence. Violence 
        against women and girls has consequences ranging from 
        psychosocial trauma to heightened risk of HIV/AIDS.
            (19) Faith communities and nonprofit development and 
        conservation organizations across the United States contribute 
        significantly to the improvement of water, sanitation, and 
        hygiene in developing countries. By applying their expertise, 
        providing services, building the capacity of local 
        organizations, establishing long-term partnerships with local 
        communities, empowering marginalized groups, supporting 
        sustainable water management and serving as a voice for the 
        poor, faith-based and nonprofit organizations complement and 
        leverage assistance provided by the United States Government.
            (20) United States businesses have developed key 
        technologies, donated goods and services, partnered with 
        private and public sector entities, and invested their capital 
        to improve water and sanitation and freshwater sources in many 
        developing countries. Corporate actors have also partnered with 
        other stakeholders to implement sustainable water management 
        and water use efficiency within their plants and throughout 
        their supply chain.
            (21) Implementation of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the 
        Poor Act of 2005 must be significantly strengthened if the 
        purposes of section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
        (22 U.S.C. 2152h; relating to assistance to provide safe water 
        and sanitation), as added by section 5(a) of the Senator Paul 
        Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005, are to be met.
            (22) The monitoring and evaluation of the performance of 
        United States foreign assistance programs and their 
        contribution to policy, strategies, projects, program goals, 
        and priorities undertaken by the Federal Government is 
        essential to improving aid effectiveness.

SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) In May 2013, the United States Agency for International 
        Development released a Water and Development Strategy, whose 
        goal is ``to save lives and advance development through 
        improvements in water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) 
        programs, and through sound management and use of water for 
        food security.''.
            (2) The Water and Development Strategy states that it 
        supports the efforts of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the 
        Poor Act of 2005 ``by advancing many activities consistent with 
        the goals of the Act.''.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the initial United States Agency for International 
        Development's Water and Development Strategy, released in May 
        2013--
                    (A) is a significant accomplishment and improves 
                the Agency's capacity to provide sustainable and 
                effective water, sanitation, and hygiene assistance;
                    (B) is supportive of and should continue to 
                reinforce the United States foreign policy and 
                development objectives for clean water, sanitation, and 
                hygiene;
                    (C) should be refined and expanded by the United 
                States Agency for International Development as often as 
                necessary to ensure best practices are used and the 
                purposes of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor 
                Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533) and 
                this Act are met, should target the world's poorest and 
                those suffering from the lowest levels of access to 
                safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene, and 
                should be updated by the Agency not later than every 5 
                years, to more fully meet the requirements and spirit 
                of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 
                2005 and section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
                1961 (22 U.S.C. 2152h), as added by section 5(a) of the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005; and
                    (D) is not, on its own, the holistic United States 
                water strategy required by the Senator Paul Simon Water 
                for the Poor Act of 2005, but instead addresses 
                components of a comprehensive strategy for how the 
                United States plans to support the United States 
                foreign policy and development objectives and measure 
                its success towards the objectives required by the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 and 
                this Act, and must be complimented by the development 
                of a whole-of-government United States Government 
                global water strategy aimed at creating an enabling 
                environment through diplomatic channels for the 
                Agency's water, sanitation, and hygiene programming 
                that will better allow the Agency to succeed in its 
                mission; and
            (2) the Secretary of State, acting through the Special 
        Advisor for Water Resources (established by 136(f) of the 
        Foreign Assistance Act of 1961), as added by section 5(a)(2)(C) 
        of this Act, and in collaboration and consultation with the 
        Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
        Development, should develop a Global Water Resources Strategy 
        relating to United States foreign policy objectives for water, 
        pursuant to section 6(a) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for 
        the Poor Act of 2005, as added by section 7 of this Act, that--
                    (A) articulates a vision for the role played by the 
                Department of State, including in its power as a 
                convener, in addressing the foreign policy and national 
                security issues identified in the Senator Paul Simon 
                Water for the Poor Act of 2005 and this Act, the 2012 
                National Intelligence Estimate on Global Water 
                Security, and other relevant whole-of-government 
                assessments, strategies, and approaches;
                    (B) is an ambitious United States foreign policy 
                framework that advances the objectives of the Senator 
                Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 and this Act 
                to provide sustainable access to safe drinking water, 
                sanitation, and hygiene to poor and marginalized people 
                through improved United States diplomatic efforts to 
                build political will and coordination across the 
                Federal Government to better enable United States 
                Government agencies and partners to meet their 
                international development objectives;
                    (C) is complementary to, supportive of, and does 
                not inhibit, the Water and Development Strategy, and 
                establishes clear roles and responsibilities insofar as 
                possible among Federal agencies and departments 
                responsible for jointly carrying out the strategy, as 
                required by section 6(b) of the Senator Paul Simon 
                Water for the Poor Act of 2005, as added by section 7 
                of this Act.

SEC. 4. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this Act and the amendments made by this Act is to 
strengthen implementation of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor 
Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533) by--
            (1) improving coordination and oversight of international 
        water, sanitation, hygiene, and sustainable water management 
        programs within and between United States Government agencies;
            (2) increasing the sustainability of United States 
        Government-supported water, sanitation, and hygiene programs, 
        including in terms of affordability, accountability, and 
        financial, operational, institutional, and environmental 
        sustainability;
            (3) enhancing water, sanitation, and hygiene expertise 
        within the United States Agency for International Development 
        and the Department of State, which shall include a whole of 
        agency approach to establish a learning agenda aimed at 
        increasing the quality, effectiveness, and sustainability of 
        the United States Government-supported water, sanitation, and 
        hygiene programs; and
            (4) ensuring water, sanitation, and hygiene programs and 
        strategies are reflected in and supported by other development 
        initiatives such as food security, global health, environment, 
        education, gender quality, and conflict prevention and 
        mitigation within and between countries, with the goal of 
        meeting the needs of the poorest and most marginalized people.

SEC. 5. IMPROVING COORDINATION AND OVERSIGHT OF SAFE WATER, SANITATION, 
              AND HYGIENE PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act 
of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 135, as added by section 5(a) 
        of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
        (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2536; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note), as 
        section 136; and
            (2) in section 136, as redesignated by paragraph (1) of 
        this section--
                    (A) in the section heading, by striking ``and 
                sanitation'' and inserting ``, sanitation, and 
                hygiene'';
                    (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``and 
                sanitation'' and inserting ``, sanitation, and 
                hygiene''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subsections:
    ``(e) Global Water Coordinator.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator of the United States 
        Agency for International Development (USAID) shall designate a 
        senior advisor to coordinate and oversee the Agency's programs 
        in developing countries that seek to provide affordable and 
        equitable access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene, who 
        shall be known as the `Global Water Coordinator', who shall 
        administer and oversee an office to be known as the Office of 
        Water, Sanitation, and Development, and who shall report 
        directly to the Administrator and the Assistant Administrator 
        overseeing water programs.
            ``(2) Duties.--The Global Water Coordinator shall--
                    ``(A) oversee implementation of this section, the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
                (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h 
                note) and the Senator Paul Simon Water for the World 
                Act of 2013;
                    ``(B) oversee the buildup of capacity and expertise 
                within USAID to implement this section, the Senator 
                Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 
                109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note), and the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act of 2013, 
                including--
                            ``(i) by appointing USAID mission water 
                        advisors in each high priority country, who--
                                    ``(I) shall have or be given the 
                                opportunity to fully develop their 
                                technical skills and competencies 
                                necessary to provide appropriate 
                                guidance to technical and program staff 
                                to ensure the Water and Development 
                                Strategy can be successfully 
                                implemented; and
                                    ``(II) shall ensure water, 
                                sanitation, and hygiene objectives and 
                                indicators are reflected throughout 
                                program planning and budgeting 
                                documents;
                            ``(ii) work with USAID regional bureaus, 
                        who shall be the primary liaisons between the 
                        Global Water Coordinator and mission water 
                        advisors, to ensure water, sanitation, and 
                        hygiene projects are reflected in country-
                        specific multiyear strategies, multiyear sector 
                        strategies, and project designs in each high 
                        priority country; and
                            ``(iii) ensure that water, sanitation, 
                        hygiene and water management issues are 
                        incorporated into all relevant Agency training 
                        programs at the office, regional, and mission 
                        levels;
                    ``(C) lead the implementation of the Water and 
                Development Strategy and oversee the review and 
                development no later than every 5 years of an updated 
                Water and Development Strategy such that it more 
                clearly meets the requirements of the Senator Paul 
                Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 and this Act;
                    ``(D) assist and monitor the development of 
                country-specific and, where appropriate, regional water 
                strategies, whether independent, or as part of broader 
                USAID country-specific or regional strategies, in 
                coordination with relevant USAID mission directors, 
                other appropriate personnel, and pursuant to the 
                interagency consultation and coordination process as 
                required by section 5(b) of the Senator Paul Simon 
                Water for the World Act of 2013, ensuring such 
                strategies reflect best practices as they relate to 
                increasing access to clean water, sanitation, and 
                hygiene activities, and sustainable water management;
                    ``(E) ensure sustainable and equitable access to 
                clean water, sanitation, and hygiene are reflected in 
                strategies and broader USAID policies or strategies, 
                including policies or strategies relating to food 
                security, global health, environment, education, gender 
                equality, and conflict prevention and mitigation;
                    ``(F) develop appropriate benchmarks, measurable 
                goals, performance metrics, and monitoring and 
                evaluation plans for water, sanitation, and hygiene 
                programs in accordance with and as required by sections 
                6 and 7 of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor 
                Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 
                U.S.C. 2152h note);
                    ``(G) ensure programming for sustainable water 
                management, and equitable access to clean water, 
                sanitation, and hygiene are reflected across USAID 
                programming in a manner consistent with the long-term 
                sustainability of service outcomes and freshwater 
                sources; and
                    ``(H) foster the development, dissemination, and 
                increased and consistent use of low-cost and 
                sustainable technologies, public and private 
                partnerships, credit guarantees and other financing 
                arrangements that leverage non-Federal funds for impact 
                on equitable access to affordable water, sanitation, 
                and hygiene services that will provide long-term 
                benefits to the world's poorest communities.
            ``(3) Staff.--The Administrator shall ensure that a 
        sufficient number of employees with appropriate experience or 
        expertise are reassigned or detailed from within USAID to 
        assist the Global Water Coordinator in carrying out the duties 
        of paragraph (2).
            ``(4) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    ``(A) the term `high priority country' means a low-
                income or lower-middle income country designated 
                pursuant to section 6(b)(2)(C) of the Senator Paul 
                Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-
                121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note) and 
                enumerated in the strategy required by such Act, the 
                first iteration of which was released by USAID in May 
                2013; and
                    ``(B) the term `Water and Development Strategy' 
                means the strategy released by USAID in May 2013 and 
                its revisions, required to be developed as soon as 
                practicable after the date of the enactment of the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act of 2013, but 
                no less than 5 years after such date of enactment and 
                every 5 years thereafter under section 6(b) of the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
                (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h 
                note).
    ``(f) Special Advisor for Water Resources.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall designate a 
        senior advisor to develop, coordinate, and oversee United 
        States foreign policy relating to freshwater resources and 
        policies complementary to, and in support of, the United States 
        Agency for International Development's Water and Development 
        Strategy, who shall be known as the `Special Advisor for Water 
        Resources', and who shall report directly to the Secretary of 
        State and the Under Secretary overseeing water programs.
            ``(2) Duties.--The Special Advisor for Water Resources 
        shall--
                    ``(A) oversee and coordinate the development and 
                implementation of approaches to increasing political 
                will and government support in partner countries in 
                accordance with United States foreign policy on 
                drinking water, sanitation, hygiene, water resource 
                management, and transboundary water, including--
                            ``(i) working with partner countries and 
                        other stakeholders to develop, sustain, and 
                        leverage political and financial commitments 
                        that would improve access to safe drinking 
                        water, sanitation, and hygiene, and sustainable 
                        water management over the long term;
                            ``(ii) assisting and encouraging other 
                        countries and international organizations to 
                        plan and manage water resources in an 
                        efficient, transparent, equitable, inclusive, 
                        and environmentally sustainable manner, taking 
                        into account the interdependence among water, 
                        food, energy, and sustainable development;
                            ``(iii) fostering regional and cross-border 
                        cooperation for integrated management, use and 
                        protection of internationally shared rivers, 
                        lakes, and aquifer systems;
                            ``(iv) preventing and mitigating intra- and 
                        trans-boundary conflict over water resources, 
                        including through efforts to strengthen 
                        international water law and institutions as 
                        tools for facilitating cooperation;
                            ``(v) working with partner countries, 
                        international organizations, and other 
                        stakeholders to manage water resources in ways 
                        that reduce risk and impact from potential 
                        water-related shocks such as, but not limited 
                        to, droughts or floods, including for improved 
                        global food security; and
                            ``(vi) fostering increased agricultural and 
                        urban productivity of water resources;
                    ``(B) promote and be the representative for United 
                States policy relating to global freshwater issues in 
                key diplomatic and scientific forums; and
                    ``(C) lead the development and implementation of 
                the Global Water Resources Strategy required by section 
                6(a) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act 
                of 2005 (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 
                2152h note) and oversee the review of and update to not 
                later than every 5 years the Global Water Resources 
                Strategy to reflect pressing global challenges and 
                changes.
            ``(3) Staff.--The Secretary of State shall ensure that a 
        sufficient number of employees of the Department of State with 
        appropriate experience or expertise are reassigned or detailed 
        from within the Department of State to assist the Special 
        Advisor for Water Resources in carrying out the duties of 
        paragraph (2).
            ``(4) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    ``(A) the term `Water and Development Strategy' 
                means the strategy released by USAID in May 2013 and 
                its revisions, required to be developed as soon as 
                practicable after the date of the enactment of the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act of 2013, but 
                no less than 5 years after such date of enactment and 
                every 5 years thereafter under section 6(b) of the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
                (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h 
                note); and
                    ``(B) the term `Global Water Resources Strategy' 
                means the strategy required under section 6(a) of the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
                (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h 
                note).''.
    (b) Interagency Consultation and Coordination.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the United 
        States Agency for International Development and the Secretary 
        of State shall develop and implement a process to ensure 
        regular consultation and coordination between the Global Water 
        Coordinator and the Special Advisor for Water Resources so that 
        their efforts are complimentary and in support of the 
        implementation, and subsequent revision not later than every 5 
        years, of the Global Water Resources Strategy and the Water and 
        Development Strategy.
            (2) Matters to be included.--The process required under 
        paragraph (1) should include jointly convened meetings with any 
        Federal department or agency administering United States water, 
        sanitation, and hygiene programs to evaluate progress in 
        carrying out the strategies described in paragraph (1), or the 
        revision to any such strategy, as required by section 6 of the 
        Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 
        109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note), as amended by 
        section 7 of this Act.
            (3) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    (A) the term ``Global Water Coordinator'' means the 
                Global Water Coordinator designated under section 
                136(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as added 
                by subsection (a)(2) of this section;
                    (B) the term ``Global Water Resources Strategy'' 
                means the strategy required under section 6(a) of the 
                Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
                (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h 
                note), as amended by section 7 of this Act;
                    (C) the term ``Special Advisor for Water 
                Resources'' means the Special Advisor for Water 
                Resources designated under section 136(f) of the 
                Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as added by subsection 
                (a)(2) of this section; and
                    (D) the term ``Water and Development Strategy'' 
                means the strategy released by USAID in May 2013 and 
                its revisions, required to be developed as soon as 
                practicable after the date of the enactment of this 
                Act, but no less than 5 years after such date of 
                enactment and every 5 years thereafter under section 
                6(b) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act 
                of 2005 (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 
                2152h note), as amended by section 7 of this Act.

SEC. 6. INCREASING SUSTAINABILITY OF SAFE WATER, SANITATION, AND 
              HYGIENE PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Principles.--In order to ensure that water, sanitation, and 
hygiene projects and activities of the United States Agency for 
International Development carried out under the authorities of section 
136 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as redesignated and amended 
by section 5 of this Act, and the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor 
Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note), 
as amended by this Act, achieve maximum impact and continue to deliver 
lasting benefits after completion, such projects and activities shall 
be carried out in accordance with, and monitored and evaluated against 
the following principles:
            (1) Projects and activities should be targeted to the 
        poorest and most vulnerable countries and communities, 
        including women and girls, displaced persons and refugees, and 
        other marginalized populations.
            (2) Projects and activities should be designed in 
        consultation with a broad range of local and national 
        stakeholders, including communities directly affected by a lack 
        of access to clean water, sanitation or hygiene, 
        nongovernmental organizations, cooperatives, foundations, 
        universities, private sector entities, and women-focused 
        organizations.
            (3) Projects and activities to provide services for the 
        poor should be designed wherever possible to be financially or 
        commercially viable over the long term, focusing on local 
        ownership and sustainability, and undertaken in conjunction 
        with relevant public institutions or private enterprise so long 
        as they can provide access to water, sanitation, and hygiene in 
        such a way that strengthens social equity of access and keeps 
        these services affordable to all, especially the poorest of the 
        poor.
            (4) Governments of countries in which projects and 
        activities are carried out should identify revenue streams 
        sufficient to cover the costs of maintaining public equipment 
        and services with respect to such projects and activities over 
        the long term.
            (5) Projects and activities should provide for a 
        functioning management and maintenance system comprising tools, 
        supply chains, transport, equipment, training and individuals 
        or institutions with clear responsibilities for achieving 
        sustainability.
            (6) With respect to projects and activities that are 
        managed by communities or institutions, effective external 
        support should be provided to such communities or institutions.
            (7) Projects should be designed to provide access to water, 
        sanitation, and hygiene, and sustainable water management 
        through joint programs and other coordinated mechanisms and 
        policies, in order to ensure the long-term sustainability of 
        the results achieved, to mitigate any negative environmental 
        impacts, and to ensure the resilience of natural and man-made 
        infrastructure to floods, droughts, and other water-related 
        disasters.
            (8) Access to water and sanitation should be expanded in an 
        equitable manner and on the basis of need, without regard to 
        race, gender, religion, or ethnic origin.
    (b) Local Ownership.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the United States Agency 
for International Development shall establish guidelines and procedures 
to ensure that--
            (1) a broad range of local and national stakeholders is 
        consulted in the development of any country-specific water 
        strategy;
            (2) any water, sanitation, and hygiene projects and 
        activities authorized under each such strategy are designed to 
        address the specific needs of women and girls; and
            (3) local civil society organizations, including nonprofit 
        organizations as well as businesses, are full participants in 
        the selection and design, implementation, monitoring, and 
        evaluation of water, sanitation, and hygiene projects and 
        activities.
    (c) Local Procurement.--
            (1) Authority.--In providing assistance under the 
        authorities of section 136 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
        1961, as redesignated and amended by section 5 of this Act, the 
        Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
        Development is authorized to award contracts and other 
        acquisition instruments on a noncompetitive basis to local 
        entities in high priority countries to carry out safe water, 
        sanitation, and hygiene projects and activities in such 
        countries.
            (2) Limitation.--A contract or other instrument described 
        in paragraph (1) may not have a value that exceeds $5,000,000.
            (3) Supersedes other laws.--The Administrator of the United 
        States Agency for International Development may exercise the 
        authority of paragraph (1) notwithstanding any other provision 
        of law.
            (4) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    (A) the term ``high priority country'' means a low-
                income or lower-middle income country designated 
                pursuant to section 6(b)(2)(C) of the Senator Paul 
                Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-
                121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note), as amended 
                by section 7 of this Act; and
                    (B) the term ``local entity'' means an individual, 
                corporation, or other entity that--
                            (i) is organized under the laws of the high 
                        priority country;
                            (ii) has its principal place of business or 
                        operations in such country; and
                            (iii) is owned or controlled by citizens of 
                        such country.
            (5) Funding.--Funds made available to carry out the Senator 
        Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121; 
        119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note) for any fiscal year are 
        authorized to be made available to carry out this subsection.
    (d) Retention of Interest.--
            (1) Authority.--In providing assistance under the 
        authorities of section 136 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
        1961, as redesignated and amended by section 5 of this Act, the 
        Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
        Development is authorized to enter into agreements with 
        indigenous local private or public groups, associations, or 
        other entities in high priority countries to provide for the 
        retention by such group, association, or other entity, without 
        deposit in the Treasury of the United States and without 
        further appropriation by law, of interest earned on such 
        assistance so provided.
            (2) Limitation.--An agreement described in paragraph (1) 
        may not have a value that exceeds $5,000,000.
            (3) Use of interest.--Any interest earned on the advance of 
        funds under an agreement authorized under paragraph (1) may be 
        used only for the purposes for which the agreement is made.
            (4) Audits.--The Administrator shall, on a regular and 
        recurring basis, audit interest earned on advance funds under 
        an agreement authorized under paragraph (1) to ensure that the 
        requirements of paragraph (3) are met.
            (5) Definition.--In this subsection, the term ``high 
        priority country'' means a low-income or lower-middle income 
        country designated pursuant to section 6(b)(2)(C) of the 
        Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 
        109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note), as amended by 
        section 7 of this Act.

SEC. 7. UNITED STATES COMPLIMENTARY STRATEGIES TO INCREASE SUSTAINABLE, 
              AFFORDABLE, AND EQUITABLE ACCESS TO SAFE WATER, 
              SANITATION, AND HYGIENE.

    Section 6 of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
(Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note) is amended 
to read as follows:

``SEC. 6. UNITED STATES COMPLIMENTARY STRATEGIES TO INCREASE 
              SUSTAINABLE, AFFORDABLE, AND EQUITABLE ACCESS TO SAFE 
              WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE.

    ``(a) Global Water Resources Strategy.--
            ``(1) In general.--As soon as practicable after the date of 
        the enactment of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act 
        of 2013, and every 5 years thereafter, the President, acting 
        through the Secretary of State, shall develop a strategy to 
        further the United States foreign policy objective to provide 
        affordable and equitable access to safe water and sanitation in 
        developing countries, as described in section 136 of the 
        Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and by the Agency's Water and 
        Development Strategy required under subsection (b).
            ``(2) Contents.--The strategy required under paragraph (1) 
        shall--
                    ``(A) articulate the United States foreign policy 
                framework that will drive the implementation of the 
                United States foreign policy objectives on increasing 
                access to equitable, clean drinking water, sanitation, 
                and hygiene for the world's poorest, water resource 
                management, transboundary water and prevention of 
                conflict over water resources; and
                    ``(B) address ways in which United States foreign 
                policy efforts will promote global water security by 
                building political will and partnerships, and support 
                for national level planning processes, in conjunction 
                with the United States Agency for International 
                Development and other Federal agencies, and leveraging 
                expertise, knowledge, technology and resources that 
                will increase the likelihood that the world's poor 
                receive or continue to have the water they need, when 
                and where they need it, in a sustainable, equitable and 
                conflict-free manner.
            ``(3) Consultation.--The strategy required by paragraph (1) 
        shall be developed in consultation with the Administrator of 
        the United States Agency for International Development, the 
        heads of other appropriate Federal departments and agencies, 
        international organizations, international financial 
        institutions, recipient governments, United States and 
        international nongovernmental organizations, indigenous civil 
        society, and other appropriate entities, and shall be 
        complimentary to, or ultimately joined with, the Agency's Water 
        and Development Strategy required under subsection (b) and 
        subsequent revisions thereto.
            ``(4) Implementation.--The Secretary of State, acting 
        through the Under Secretary of State who has responsibility to 
        oversee water programs and the Special Advisor for Water 
        Resources, shall implement the strategy required under 
        paragraph (1). The strategy may also be implemented in part by 
        other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate.
            ``(5) Consistent with safe water and sanitation policy.--
        The strategy required under paragraph (1) shall be consistent 
        with the policy stated in section 3 of this Act.
            ``(6) Content.--The strategy required under paragraph (1) 
        shall include--
                    ``(A) specific and measurable goals, benchmarks, 
                and timetables to achieve the objective described in 
                paragraph (1);
                    ``(B) an assessment of the level of funding and 
                other assistance for United States water and sanitation 
                programs needed each by the United States Department of 
                State year to achieve the goals, benchmarks, and 
                timetables described in subparagraph (A);
                    ``(C) methods to coordinate and integrate United 
                States water, water resources and sanitation assistance 
                carried out by the Department of State with water, 
                sanitation, hygiene and water resource development 
                programs carried out by the United States Agency for 
                International Development and other Federal agencies to 
                achieve the objective described in paragraph (1);
                    ``(D) methods to better coordinate United States 
                water and sanitation assistance programs with programs 
                of other donor countries and entities to achieve the 
                objective described in paragraph (1); and
                    ``(E) an assessment of the commitment of 
                governments of countries that receive assistance under 
                section 136 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to 
                policies or policy reforms that support affordable and 
                equitable access by the people of such countries to 
                safe water and sanitation.
    ``(b) Water and Development Strategy.--
            ``(1) In general.--As soon as practicable after the date of 
        the enactment of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act 
        of 2013, but no less than 5 years after such date of enactment 
        and every 5 years thereafter, the Administrator of the United 
        States Agency for International Development, acting through the 
        Global Water Coordinator and in consultation with the Special 
        Advisor for Water Resources, shall develop a strategy, to be 
        known as the `Water and Development Strategy', to further, 
        through the United States Agency for International Development, 
        the United States foreign assistance objective to provide 
        affordable, equitable, and sustainable access to safe drinking 
        water, sanitation, and hygiene in developing countries, as 
        described in section 136 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. 
        Such strategy shall be complimentary to the United States 
        foreign policy objectives of the safe water and sanitation 
        strategy required under subsection (a) and shall be transmitted 
        to the appropriate congressional committees and made publicly 
        available on the Internet.
            ``(2) Contents.--The strategy required under paragraph (1) 
        shall provide an ambitious vision for leadership of the 
        international development objectives of this Act and the 
        Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act of 2013 and meet the 
        following requirements:
                    ``(A) Consistency with safe water, sanitation, and 
                hygiene policy.--The strategy shall be consistent with 
                the policy stated in section 3 of the Senator Paul 
                Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-
                121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note).
                    ``(B) Criteria for determining high priority 
                countries.--The strategy shall identify low-income and 
                lower-middle income countries with a severe lack of 
                access to affordable, equitable, and sustainable safe 
                drinking water, sanitation and hygiene, by assessing--
                            ``(i) the government or nongovernmental 
                        organizational capacity or commitment to manage 
                        and implement affordable, equitable, and 
                        sustainable solutions, in accordance with 
                        section 6 of the Senator Paul Simon Water for 
                        the World Act of 2013;
                            ``(ii) opportunities to leverage existing 
                        indigenous public sector, local, donor or 
                        private sector investments in the water, 
                        sanitation and water resource management 
                        sector;
                            ``(iii) the number of people and percent of 
                        the population without access to an improved 
                        source of safe drinking water in or close to 
                        home, disaggregated by rural, peri-urban, or 
                        urban geographic location;
                            ``(iv) the number of people and percent of 
                        the population without access to an improved 
                        source of sanitation in or close to home, 
                        disaggregated by rural, peri-urban, or urban 
                        geographic location;
                            ``(v) the mortality rate and number of 
                        deaths of children under 5 years old due to 
                        diarrhea;
                            ``(vi) the mortality rate and number of 
                        deaths of children under 5 years old due to 
                        pneumonia;
                            ``(vii) the number and proportion of 
                        children under 5 years old who are under-
                        nourished;
                            ``(viii) the average time burden of water 
                        collection in rural areas;
                            ``(ix) the coexistence in a single 
                        geographic area of two or more diseases 
                        categorized as a neglected tropical disease 
                        spread in whole or in part due to lack of 
                        access to safe drinking water, sanitation or 
                        hygiene, as defined by the Agency; and
                            ``(x) the degree to which water, 
                        sanitation, and hygiene programs are identified 
                        as a priority by a beneficiary government, 
                        region, or community, as identified in national 
                        plans and strategies and the country-specific 
                        multiyear strategies as developed by the Agency 
                        mission in consultation with the national 
                        government and civil society.
                    ``(C) Designating high priority countries.--The 
                strategy shall select 10 to 20 of the eligible 
                countries identified through the assessment required by 
                subparagraph (B) and identify such countries as `high 
                priority countries'.
                    ``(D) Requirements for high priority countries.--
                Each country selected as a high priority country shall 
                be the focus of the Agency's water, sanitation, and 
                hygiene programming, and the strategy shall develop 
                comprehensive and holistic individual country plans for 
                each high priority country so as to meet the objectives 
                of paragraph (1). Such plans shall include--
                            ``(i) a results framework, in accordance 
                        with the sustainability principles identified 
                        in section 6 of the Senator Paul Simon Water 
                        for the World Act of 2013, and monitoring and 
                        evaluation principles identified in section 7 
                        of this Act, which shall include indicators 
                        composed of those criteria used in paragraph 
                        (2) to identify high priority countries, that 
                        shall be used to measure the long-term impacts 
                        and sustainability of programs, including the 
                        ongoing commitment of host-country 
                        institutions, or lack thereof, and increased 
                        access to water, sanitation, and hygiene 
                        projects, programs and services provided 
                        directly or leveraged by the United States 
                        Government; and
                            ``(ii) a clearly described process by which 
                        the strategy shall be aligned, coordinated, and 
                        leveraged with United States development 
                        strategies, policies, and international 
                        development initiatives that operate within the 
                        high priority country, to include coordination 
                        with and reflected in the high priority 
                        country's comprehensive strategy for United 
                        States Government-supported development 
                        assistance.
                    ``(E) Additional requirements for high priority 
                countries.--For each high priority country, the 
                Agency's mission director for such country shall--
                            ``(i) designate sustainably increasing 
                        access to safe drinking water and sanitation as 
                        a strategic objective, reflected in country-
                        specific strategies that incorporate 
                        sustainable water management goals and targets 
                        in accordance with this Act; and
                            ``(ii) ensure, where complimentary, that 
                        the benefits of safe drinking water, 
                        sanitation, and hygiene are reflected in other 
                        development initiatives.
            ``(3) Rule of construction relating to initial strategy.--
        The Agency's Water and Development Strategy, issued in May 
        2013, shall be deemed to be the initial strategy required under 
        paragraph (1) and shall be updated in a timely manner as 
        required by paragraph (1).
            ``(4) Implementation plan.--Not later than 90 days after 
        the date of transmission of the initial strategy required under 
        paragraph (1), the Global Water Coordinator shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees an implementation plan 
        detailing how the United States Agency for International 
        Development will institutionalize the strategy, including--
                    ``(A) the budget resources needed to achieve the 
                goals, benchmarks, and timetables described in this 
                subsection, and an assessment of what will likely be 
                achieved at current funding levels; and
                    ``(B) the number, types, and levels of specialists 
                and generalists currently employed, and projected to be 
                needed, in each functional and geographic area, 
                including support, management, and administrative 
                functions, to carry out the strategy.
            ``(5) Collaboration and coordination.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In developing the strategy 
                required under paragraph (1)), and the implementation 
                plan required under paragraph (4), the Global Water 
                Coordinator shall--
                            ``(i) consult with relevant Executive 
                        agencies;
                            ``(ii) consult with the Special Advisor for 
                        Water Resources;
                            ``(iii) consult with the Interagency 
                        Consultation and Coordination process as 
                        required by section 5(b) of the Paul Simon 
                        Water for the World Act of 2013; and
                            ``(iv) consult with representatives of 
                        civil society and multi-lateral organizations 
                        with demonstrated experience in addressing the 
                        lack of access to affordable, equitable and 
                        sustainable safe drinking water, sanitation and 
                        hygiene in developing countries.
                    ``(B) Public comment.--In carrying out paragraph 
                (1)(D), the Global Water Coordinator shall allow public 
                comments to be submitted for consideration through a 
                mechanism of the Global Water Coordinator's choosing, 
                except that such comment period shall last not less 
                than 45 days.
    ``(c) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Global water coordinator.--The term `Global Water 
        Coordinator' means the Global Water Coordinator designated 
        under section 136(e) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.
            ``(2) Special advisor for water resources.--The term 
        `Special Advisor for Water Resources' means the Special Advisor 
        for Water Resources designated under section 136(f) of the 
        Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.''.

SEC. 8. TRANSPARENCY AND MONITORING AND EVALUATION.

    Section 7 of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 
(Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note) is amended 
to read as follows:

``SEC. 7. TRANSPARENCY AND MONITORING AND EVALUATION.

    ``(a) Transparency.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        the enactment of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act 
        of 2013, the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
        International Development shall, as part of the Agency's 
        Internet Web site, establish and maintain a Web page to make 
        publicly available comprehensive, timely, comparable, and 
        accessible information on United States water, sanitation, and 
        hygiene foreign assistance programs. The head of each Federal 
        department or agency that administers such programs shall on a 
        quarterly basis publish and update on the Web page such 
        information with respect to programs of the department or 
        agency.
            ``(2) Matters to be included.--
                    ``(A) In general.--To ensure transparency, 
                accountability, and effectiveness of United States 
                water, sanitation, and hygiene foreign assistance 
                programs, the information required by paragraph (1) 
                shall include--
                            ``(i) the strategy required by section 6(b) 
                        of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor 
                        Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121; 119 Stat. 
                        2533; 22 U.S.C. 2152h note);
                            ``(ii) a list of countries that meet the 
                        criteria outlined in section 6(b)(2)(B) of the 
                        Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 
                        2005;
                            ``(iii) an identification of each country 
                        designated as a high priority country under 
                        section 6(b)(2)(C) of the Senator Paul Simon 
                        Water for the Poor Act of 2005, including a 
                        fully articulated rationale of why each country 
                        received the designation;
                            ``(iv) for each fiscal year, information on 
                        the amount of funds expended in each country or 
                        program to carry out this Act and the Senator 
                        Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005, 
                        disaggregated by purpose of assistance, 
                        including information on capital investments, 
                        and the source of such funds by account; and
                            ``(v) evaluations of water, sanitation, and 
                        hygiene programs.
                    ``(B) Posting requirements.--Such information shall 
                be published on the Web page not later than 30 days 
                after the date of issuance of the information and shall 
                be continuously updated.
                    ``(C) Report in lieu of inclusion.--If the head of 
                a Federal department or agency described in paragraph 
                (1) makes a determination that the inclusion of a 
                required item of information on the Web page would 
                jeopardize the health or security of an implementing 
                partner or program beneficiary or would be detrimental 
                to the national interests of the United States, such 
                item of information may be submitted to Congress in a 
                written report in lieu of including it on the Web page, 
                along with the reasons for not including it on the Web 
                page.
            ``(3) Database.--The Web page shall also contain a link to 
        a searchable database available to the public containing such 
        information relating to the current fiscal year and, as 
        available, for each prior fiscal year dating to and including 
        fiscal year 2006.
            ``(4) Form.--Such information shall be published on the Web 
        page in unclassified form. Any information determined to be 
        classified information may be submitted to Congress in 
        classified form and an unclassified summary of such information 
        shall be published on the Web page.
    ``(b) Monitoring and Evaluation.--
            ``(1) In general.--With regard to water, sanitation, and 
        hygiene programming, the Global Water Coordinator shall ensure 
        that the Agency monitors and evaluates projects and activities 
        carried out under such programs, including carrying out 
        assessments of impact where appropriate, and ensuring results 
        of evaluations are used to inform the design of such projects 
        and activities. Such monitoring and evaluations shall--
                    ``(A) be carried out in accordance with, and 
                measured against the principles described in section 
                6(b) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act 
                of 2005 and, where appropriate, the goals established 
                section 6(b)(2)(D) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for 
                the Poor Act of 2005; and
                    ``(B) conduct longer term monitoring and evaluation 
                of its water activities in order to assess 
                sustainability beyond the typical Agency program cycle 
                and to enable reasonable support to issues that arise 
                post implementation.
            ``(2) Mandatory set-aside for monitoring and evaluation.--
        Each water, sanitation, and hygiene project shall be planned 
        and budgeted to include funding for both short- and long-term 
        monitoring and evaluation so that the United States Government 
        and other stakeholders can ascertain the long-term return on 
        investment of United States assistance funds and to enable 
        learning about the sustainability of assistance programs and 
        projects that shall inform future projects and programs.
            ``(3) When to conduct evaluations.--The evaluation of 
        water, sanitation, and hygiene projects should include 
        measurable goals and performance metrics, to be tracked against 
        an established baseline at the outset. Such evaluations should 
        occur immediately following the completion of a project, and no 
        fewer than half of all water, sanitation, and hygiene projects 
        shall be reevaluated 5 years after the completion of the 
        project, all in accordance with the requirements and metrics 
        enumerated in paragraph (1).
            ``(4) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Monitoring.--The term `monitoring' means, 
                with respect to a United States water, sanitation, or 
                hygiene foreign assistance program, a continuing 
                function that uses systematic collection of data on 
                specified indicators to provide management and the main 
                stakeholders of an ongoing development intervention 
                with indications of the extent of progress and 
                achievement of objectives and progress in the use of 
                allocated funds.
                    ``(B) Evaluation.--The term `evaluation' means, 
                with respect to a United States water, sanitation, or 
                hygiene foreign assistance program, the systematic 
                collection and analysis of information about the 
                characteristics and outcomes of the program and 
                projects under the program as a basis for judgments, to 
                improve effectiveness, and to inform decisions about 
                current and future programming, including an 
                explanation of the reasons for or causes of the 
                observed results.''.
                                 <all>
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