Fom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

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### UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

OFFICE OF CH EMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION 

### D ATE : October 12 , 2010 MEMORANDUM SUBJECT: Fo mesafen Sodium : Chronic Dietary Exposure Assessment t o Support Proposed New Use on Potatoes and Peppers . PC Code: 123802 DP Barcode : D382064 Decision No.: 425353 Registration No. : 100 - 993 Petition Nos: 9F7563 (potato), 9F7667 (pepper) Regulatory Action: Secti on 3 and Registration Risk Assessment Type: NA Case No.: NA T XR No.: NA CAS No.: 72178 - 02 - 0 MRID No.: NA 40 CFR: §180.433 

### FROM: Alexandra LaMay , Biologist

Risk Assessment Branch VII Health Effects Division (7509 P ) THROUGH: Breann Hanson , Chemist

Thurston Morton , Chemist Dietary Exposure Science Advisory Council (DESAC) Health Effects Division (7509 P ) and Michael S. Metzger , Branch Chief Risk Assessment Branch VII Health Effects Division (7509 P ) TO: Michael Walsh , PM Team 23

Herbicide Branch Registration Division (7505P)Fom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

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### This document is a revision of the Chronic Dietary Exposure Assessments dated January 21, 2010 (C. Olinger). The dietary assessments have been updated t o include the proposed new uses of fomesafen in/on potatoes and peppers. Executive Summary Chronic dietary

risk assessments were conducted using the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model (DEEM - FCIDTM), Version 2.03, which used food consumption data from the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA’s) Continuing Survey s of Food Intakes by I ndiv iduals (CSFII) from 1994 - 1996 and 1998. The analy ses were performed to support a proposed new use of fomesafen sodium (commonly called fomesafen) on potatoes and peppers. No acute dietary

toxicity endpoint could be identified based on the toxicology dat a currentl y available for fomesafen sodium. The Cancer Assessment Review Committee (CARC) classified fomesafen as “Not likel y to be carcinogenic to humans ; ” therefore, a cancer assessment was not performed. Chronic Dietary (Food and Drinking Water) Exposure Results and Characterization Chronic dietary

exposure assessments were performed for fomesafen sodium. The assumptions of these unrefined assessments were tolerance level residues , 100% crop treated , and default DEEM processing f

actors . Estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) from the Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) were also included. The dietary exposure anal ys es in this assessment result in dietary risk estimates for food and water that are below the Ag ency ’s level of concern for chronic dietary exposure for all population sub groups . The exposure for food plus drinking water to the general U.S. population is 12% of the chronic population adjusted dose (cPAD). The subgroup with the highest exposure and risk estimates is infants . For infants, the exposure for fo od plus drinking water was 0.00081 3 mg/kg/day , which represents 3 2 % of the cPAD. I. Introduction Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity of a give n pesticide. For acute and chronic assessments, the risk is expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose (i.e., the dose which HED has concluded will result in no unreasonable adverse health effects). This dose is referred to as the population adjusted dose (PAD). The PAD is equivalent to point of departure (POD, NOAEL , LOAEL, e.g.) divided by the required uncertainty

or safet y factors. For acute and non - cancer chronic exposures, HED is concerned when estimated dietary risk exceeds 100% of the PAD. HED is generall y concerned when estimated cancer risk exceeds one in one million. References which discuss the acute and chronic risk assessments in more detail are available on the EPA/pesticides web site: “Available Information on Assessing Expos ure from Pesticides, A User’s Guide,” 21 - JUN - 2000, web link: http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA PEST/2000/July

/Day - 12/6061.pdf

; or see SOP 99.6 (20 - AUG - 1999).Fom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

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### The most recent dietary

risk assessment for fomesafen was conducted by Christine Olinger ( 1/21/2010 , DP No. 372850 ). II. Residue Information Fomesafen sodium is a contact herbicide in the dipheny lether chemical class and ac ts via inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO). It is used to control broadleaf and grass weeds, as well as postemergence weeds in soy beans and other legumes. Tolerances for fomesafen residues are listed in 40 CFR §180.433. Currently tolerances are established for fomesafen acid in soy beans, dry

beans, and snap (succulent) beans at 0.05 ppm and cotton gin b y - products and cottonseed at 0.025 ppm. Since then, HED has recommended that tolerances on dry

beans and snap (succulent ) beans be reduced to 0.025 ppm and the tolerance on so yb eans be reduced to 0.02 ppm (D. Davis, DP No. D325801, 4/25/06). T he registrant has also since proposed new tolerances and uses on tomatoes and potatoes; however, insufficient residue data were avai lable for potatoes. Therefore, onl y a tolerance of 0.025 ppm in/on tomatoes was recommended (C. Olinger, DP No. 365199 , 1/21/2010 ). Since then, a confined rotational crop metabolism study has been submitted that satisfies the data gap for potatoes, there fore it has been recommended for a tolerance of 0.025 ppm in/on potatoes. In this petition, the registrant has proposed a new tolerance and use on peppers. Based on the residue data available, HED is recommending for a tolerance of 0.025 ppm in/on pepper s ( A. LaMay , D P No. 373544 and 382067 , 10 / 12 /2010 ). The residue of concern for plant commodities and drinking water is fomesafen. The residue s of concern in livestock commodities consists of fomesafen and its metabolites 5 - (2 - chloro - α,α,α trifluoro - p - toly loxy) anthranilic acid and 5 - (2 - chloro - α,α,α - trifluoro - p - tol yl oxy ) - Nmethy lsulfony lanthranilamide. However, based on the submitted livestock metabolism studies HED concluded that the proposed/registered uses of fomesafen result in a 40 CFR §180.6(a)(3) situation for livestock commodities; i.e., there is no reasonable expectation of finite residues in livestock commodities. Tolerance level residues and 100% crop treated were used for all commodities included in these assessments. Th e tomato processing study previously submitted was inadequate due to the lack of detectable residues in/on the raw commodit y. Therefore, default tomato paste, dried tomato, tomato juice, and tomato puree concentration factors were used for these processed commodities. The potato processing study previously

submitted was also inadequate due to lack of detectable residues in/on the raw commodity . Therefore, default dried potato concentration factors were used for these processed commodities. III. Drinking Water DataFom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

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### The drinking water residues used in the dietary risk assessment were provided by the Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) in the following memorand a : Hetrick, James. DP Barcode: D 322213 . October 3, 2005. Revised Tier II Drinking W ater Assessment for Fomesafen use on cotton, so ybeans, dry beans, and snap beans Lin, James. DP Barcode: D365204 . December 10, 2009. Drinking Water Assessment for Fomesafen use on cotton, soy beans, dry

beans, snap beans, potato and tomato . Lin, James. DP Barcode: D373599 and 373601. March 2, 2010. Drinking Water Assessment for Fomesafen use on Pepper. The estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) were incorporated directly into DEEM FCID under the food categories “water, direct, all sources” and “water, indirect, all sources.”

 The scenario leading to the highest EDWC in surface water for chronic exposure (1 - in 10 y ear annual mean concentration) using Pesticide Root Zone Model - Exposure Analy sis Modeling S ys tem ( PRZM - EXAMS ) was MS cotton, a erial application, with a concentration of 10.535 ppb, adjusted for a Percent Crop Area (PCA) of 0.87. This value was used directly

in the dietary

exposure assessment.

 Sy ngenta submitted a prospective ground water monitoring study for fomesafen use on so ybeans. EFED recommended using the ground water monitoring concentration of 1 ppb, since it represents actual use conditions of fomesafen on so yb eans on a vulnerable soil. Since this value was lower than the surface water EDWC, only the surface water val ue was incorporated into the assessment.

 The model and its description are available at the EPA internet site: http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/ . IV. Program and Consumption Information Fomesafen sodium chronic dietary exposure assessments were conducted using the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model software with the Food Commodity I ntake Database (DEEM FCIDTM, Version 2.03), which incorporates consumption data from USDA’s Continuing Survey s of Food Intakes b y Individuals (CSFII), 1994 - 1996 and 1998. The 1994 - 96, 98 data are based on the reported consumption of more than 20,000 individuals over two non - consecutive survey day s. Foods “as consumed” (e.g., apple pie) are linked to EPA - defined food commodities (e.g. a pples, peeled fruit - cooked; fresh or N/S; baked; or wheat flour - cooked; fresh or N/S, baked) using publicly

available recipe translation files developed jointly by USDA/ARS and EPA. For chronic exposur e assessment, consumption data are averaged for the entire U.S. population and within population subgroups, but for acute exposure assessment are retained as individual consumption events. Based on anal ys is of the 1994 - 96, 98 CSFII consumption data, which tookFom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

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### into account dietary

patterns and survey

respondents, HED concluded that it is most appropriate to report risk for the following population subgroups: the general U.S. population, all infants (<1 ye ar old), children 1 - 2, children 3 - 5, children 6 - 12, youth 13 - 19, adults 20 - 49, females 13 - 49, and adults 50+ years old. For chronic dietary

exposure assessment, an estimate of the residue level in each food or food form (e.g., orange or orange juice) on the food commodity residue list is multiplied by the average dail y consumption estimate for that food/food form to produce a residue intake estimate. The resulting residue intake estimate for each food/food form is summed with the residue intake estimates for all other food/food forms on the commodity resid ue list to arrive at the total average estimated exposure. Exposure is expressed in mg/kg bod y weight/day and as a percent of the cPAD. This procedure is performed for each population subgroup. V. Toxicological Information Fomes afen has low acute toxicity by the oral route of exposure. I t is severely irritating to the ey e and is a moderate skin irritant. In the subchronic and chronic feeding studies, the consistent finding is the effect in the liver characterized b y increases in liver weight and in associated enzy mes including alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase. Hy alinization of the liver is also observed. Currently , the toxicity database i s adequate in establishing the toxicity

endpoints for r isk assessment. No toxicity studies have been received since the last human health risk assessment ( A. LaMay , D373963 2/ 19/2010 ). In accordance with the EPA Final Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (March 29, 2005), the CARC classified f

omesafen a s “Not L ikel y to be Carcinogenic to Humans . ” This decision was based on the weight - of

- evidence which supports activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) as the mode of action for fomesafen - induced hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. The quantification of cancer risk is not required. A summary of the endpoints selected for dietary risk assessment may

be found in Table 1 below. Table 1 . Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints for Fomesafen for Use in Dietary Exposure Risk Asses sments Exposure/ Scenario Point of Departure Uncertainty/FQPA Safety Factors RfD, PAD,

Level of Concern Study and Toxicological

Effects Ac ute Dietary No toxic affects attributable to a single dose of fomesafen were found in any study. Chronic Dietary (A ll Populations) NOAEL= 0.25

mg/kg/day UF A = 10 x UF H = 10 x FQPA SF= 1 x Chronic RfD =

0.0025 mg/kg/day cPAD = 0.0025 mg/kg/day Chronic toxicity - rat

LOAEL = 5 mg/kg/day based on hyalinization of the liver in males Cancer (oral, dermal, Cl assification: “Not likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans”Fom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

PC Code: 123802 Page 6 of 11 inhalation) Point of Departure (POD) = A data point or an estimated point that is derived from observed dose - response data and used to mark the beginning of extrapolation to determine risk associated with lowe r environmentally relevant human exposures. NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level. LOAEL = lowest observed adverse effect level. UF = uncertainty factor. UF A = extrapolation from animal to human (intraspecies). UF H = potential variation in sensitiv ity among members of the human population (interspecies). FQPA SF = FQPA Safety Factor. PAD = population adjusted dose (a = acute, c = chronic). RfD = reference dose. 

### V I . Results/Discussion As stated above, for chronic assess ments, HED is concerned when dietary risk e xceeds 100% of the PAD. The DEEM - FCI DTM anal ys is estimates the dietary exposure of the U.S. population and various population subgroups. The results summarized in Table 2 are for the general U.S. Population, all infants (<1 y ear old), children 1 - 2, childr en 3 - 5, children 6 - 12, y outh 13 - 19, females 13 - 49, adults 20 - 49, and adults 50+ years. Results of Chronic Dietary Exposure Analy sis The chronic assessments estimate the dietary exposure of the general U.S. population, all infants (< 1 y ear old), children 1 - 2, children 3 - 5, children 6 - 12, y outh 13 - 19, adults 20 - 49, females 13 - 49, and adults 50+ years old. All risk estimates are below the level of concern for all population sub groups assessed for food and drinking water exposures. The exposure for food plus drinking water to the general U.S. population is 12% of the cPAD. When considering food alone, the highest exposure is f

o r children ages 1 - 2, at 0.000207 m g/kg/day , which represents 8.3 % of the cPAD. However, the population sub gro up with the highest exposure when considering both food and drinking water and risk estimates is all infants. The exposure for fo od plus drinking water was 0.000813 mg/kg/day , which utilized 3 2 % of the cPAD . The results of the chronic dietary anal ys es ar e reported in Table 2 below. Table 2. Summary of Chronic Dietary ( 

### Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk for Fomesafen Population Subgroup Food Alone Food and Drinking Water 2 Dietary Exposure (mg/kg/day) % cPAD 1 Dietary Exposure (mg/kg/day) % cPAD 1 General U.S. Population 0.0000 86 3 .4 0.000 308 12 All Infants (< 1 year old) 0.0000 8 5 3. 4 0.000 81 3 3 2 Children 1 - 2 years old 0.00020 7 8. 3 0.000 53 6 2 2 Children 3 - 5 years old 0.00018 4 7.3 0.00049 2 20 Children 6 - 12 years old 0.00012 4 4.9 0.000336 14Fom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

PC Code: 123802 Page 7 of 11 Yo uth 13 - 19 years old 0.000086 3.4 0.00024 7 9.9 Adults 20 - 49 years old 0.00007 3 2.9 0.0002 80 11 Adults 50+ years old 0.0 0006 3 2.5 0.00028 1 11 Females 13 - 49 years old 0.000068 2.7 0.000275 11 1 The values for the population w ith the highest exposure for each type of risk assessment are bolded. 2 The estimated drinking water concentration used in this analysis is from the PRZM - EXAMS m odeling of surface water of the MS cotton scenario. 

### VI I . Conclusions A n unrefi ned chronic dietary exposure assessment was performed for fomesafen sodium. The assumptions of these dietary exposure assessments were tolerance level residues and 100% crop treated. The dietary - exposure anal ys es in this assessment for fomesafen result i n dietary risk for food and water estimates that are below the Agency ’s level of concern for chronic dietary exposure. When considering exposure to fomesafen in food and drinking water the highest exposure and risk estimates were for infants , whose exposure is at 3 2 % of the cPAD. VIII. List of Attachments Attachment 1: DEEM - FCI DTM Chronic Food plus Surface Water Residue Input file. Attachment 2: DEEM - FCI DTM Chronic Food Alone Results file. Attachment 3: DEEM - FCI DTM Chronic Food pl us Surface Water Results file.

.Fom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

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### Attachment 1: DEEM - FCIDTM Chronic Food plus Surface Water Residue Input

file. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ver. 2.00 DEEM - FCID Chronic analysis for FOMESAFEN 1994 - 98 data Residue file: C: \ Documents and Settings \ ALEMAY \ My Documents \ Fomesafen - peanuts peppers \ Dietary Assessment \ Old dietary \ Fomesafen_Chronic_Pepper_foodandwater.R98 Adjust. #2 NOT used Analysis Date 05 - 18 - 2010 Residue file dated: 05 - 18 - 2010/09:52:53/8 Reference dose (RfD) = 0.0025 mg/kg bw/day

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- Food Crop Res idue Adj.Factors Comment EPA Code Grp Food Name (ppm) #1 #2

-------- ---- ------------------------------- ---------- ------ ------

-- ----- 06030300 6C Bean, black, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030320 6C Bean, broad, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030340 6C Bean, cowpea, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030350 6 C Bean, great northern, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030360 6C Bean, kidney, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030380 6C Bean, lima, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030390 6C Bean, mung, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030400 6C Bean, navy, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030410 6C Bean, pink, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030420 6C Bean, pinto, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06010430 6A Bean, snap, succulent 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06010431 6A Bean, snap, succulent - babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030980 6C Chickpea, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030981 6C Chickpea, seed - babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06030990 6C Chickpea, flour 0.025000 1.000 1.000 95001280 O Cottonseed, oil 0.025000 1.000 1.0 00 95001281 O Cottonseed, oil - babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06031820 6C Guar, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06031821 6C Guar, seed - babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06032030 6 C Lentil, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06032560 6C Pea, dry 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06032561 6C Pea, dry - babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06032580 6C Pea, pigeon, seed 0.025000 1.000 1.000 08002700 8 Pepper, bell 0.025000 1.000 1.000 08002701 8 Pepper, bell - babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 08002710 8 Pepper, bell, dried 0.025000 1.000 1.000 08002711 8 Pepper, bell, dried - babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 08002720 8 Pepper, nonbell 0.025000 1.000 1.000 08002721 8 Pepper, nonbell - babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 08002730 8 Pepper, nonbell, dried 0.025000 1.000 1.000 01032960 1C Potato, chips 0.025000 1.000 1.000 01032970 1C Potato, dry (granules/ flakes) 0.025000 6.500 1.0 00 01032971 1C Potato, dry (granules/ flakes)
- b 0.025000 6.500 1.000 01032980 1C Potato, flour 0.025000 6.500 1.000 01032981 1C Potato, flour - babyfood 0.025000 6.500 1.000 01032990 1 C Potato, tuber, w/peel 0.025000 1.000 1.000 01032991 1C Potato, tuber, w/peel
- babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 01033000 1C Potato, tuber, w/o peel 0.025000 1.000 1.000 01033001 1C Potato, tube r, w/o peel
- babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.000 06003470 6 Soybean, seed 0.020000 1.000 1.000 06003480 6 Soybean, flour 0.020000 1.000 1.000 06003481 6 Soybean, flour - babyfood 0.020000 1.000 1.000Fom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

PC Code: 123802 Page 9 of 11 06003490 6 Soybean, soy milk 0.020000 1.000 1.000 06003491 6 Soybean, soy milk - babyfood or in 0.020000 1.000 1.000 06003500 6 Soybean, oil 0.020000 1.000 1.000 06003501 6 Soybean, oil - babyfood 0.020000 1.000 1.000 08003750 8 Tomato 0.025000 1.000 1.000 08003751 8 Tomato - babyfood 0.025000 1.000 1.0 00 08003760 8 Tomato, paste 0.025000 5.400 1.000 08003761 8 Tomato, paste - babyfood 0.025000 5.400 1.000 08003770 8 Tomato, puree 0.025000 3.300 1.000 08003771 8 Tomato, puree - babyfood 0.025000 3.300 1.000 08003780 8 Tomato, dried 0.025000 14.300 1.000 08003781 8 Tomato, dried - babyfood 0.025000 14.300 1.000 08003790 8 Tomato, juic e 0.025000 1.500 1.000 86010000 O Water, direct, all sources 0.010535 1.000 1.000 86020000 O Water, indirect, all sources 0.010535 1.000 1.000Fom esafen Sodium Dietary Exposure Assessment DP Number : D382064

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### Attachment 2: DEEM - FCIDTM Chronic Food Alone Results file. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ver. 2.00 DEEM - FCID Chronic analysis for FOMESAFEN (1994 - 98 data) Residue file name: C: \ Documents and Settings \ ALEMAY \ My Documents \ Fomesafen peanuts peppers \ Dietary Assessment \ Old dietary \ Fomesafen_Chronic_Pepper_foodonly.R98 Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. Analysis Date 05 - 18 - 2010/09:55:11 Residue file dated: 05 - 18 - 2010/09:51:41/8 Reference dose (RfD, Chronic) = .0025 mg/kg bw/day

=============================================================================== Total exposure by population subgroup

------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ Total Exposure

----------------------------------- Population mg/kg Perce nt of Subgroup body wt/day Rfd

-------------------------------------- ------------- --------------- U.S. Population (total) 0.000086 3.4% U.S. Population (s pring season) 0.000085 3.4% U.S. Population (summer season) 0.000085 3.4% U.S. Population (autumn season) 0.000087 3.5% U.S. Population (winter season) 0.000088 3.5% Northeast region 0.000083 3.3% Midwest region 0.000091 3.6% Southern region 0.000085 3.4% Western reg ion 0.000086 3.5% Hispanics 0.000100 4.0% Non - hispanic whites 0.000084 3.4% Non - hispanic blacks 0.000084 3.4% Non - hisp/non
- white/non
- black 0.000088 3.5% All infants (< 1 year) 0.000085 3.4% Nursing infants 0.000034 1.4% Non - nursing infants 0.000104 4.1% Children 1 - 6 yrs 0.000187 7.5% Children 7 - 12 yrs 0.000117 4.7% Females 13 - 19 (not preg or nursing) 0.000081 3.2% Females 20+ (not preg or nursing) 0.000063 2.5% Females 13 - 50 yrs 0.000074 3.0% Females 13+ (preg/not nursing) 0.000073 2 .9% Females 13+ (nursing) 0.000071 2.8% Males 13 - 19 yrs 0.000092 3.7% Males 20+ yrs 0.000075 3.0% Seniors 55+ 0.000062 2.5% Children 1 - 2 yrs 0.000207 8.3% Children 3 - 5 yrs 0.000184 7.3% Children 6 - 12 yrs 0.000124 4.9% Youth 13 - 19 yrs 0.000086 3.4% Adults 20 - 49 yrs 0.000073 2.9% Adults 50+ yrs 0.000063 2.5% Females 13 - 49 yrs 0.000068 2.7%

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### Attachment 3: DEEM - FCIDTM Chronic Food plus Surface Water Results file.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ver. 2.00 DEEM - FCID Chronic analysis for FOMESAFEN (1994 - 98 data) Residue file name: C : \ Documents and Settings \ ALEMAY \ My Documents \ Fomesafen peanuts peppers \ Dietary Assessment \ Old dietary \ Fomesafen_Chronic_Pepper_foodandwater.R98 Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. Analysis Date 05 - 18 - 2010/09:57: 09 Residue file dated: 05 - 18 - 2010/09:52:53/8 Reference dose (RfD, Chronic) = .0025 mg/kg bw/day

=============================================================================== Total exposure by population subgroup

------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------- Total Exposure

----------------------------------- Population mg/k g Percent of Subgroup body wt/day Rfd

-------------------------------------- ------------- --------------- U.S. Population (total) 0.000308 12.3% U.S. Population (spring season) 0.000305 12.2% U.S. Population (summer season) 0.000324 13.0% U.S. Population (autumn season) 0.000302 12.1% U.S. Population (winter season) 0.000303 12.1% Northeast region 0.000285 11.4% Midwest region 0.000315 12.6% Southern region 0.000296 11.8% Western region 0.000341 13.6% Hispanics 0.000352 14.1% Non - hispanic whites 0.000301 12.0% Non - hispanic blacks 0.000295 11.8% Non - hisp/non
- white/non
- black 0.000360 14.4% All infants (< 1 year) 0.000813 32.5% Nursing infants 0.000304 12.2% Non - nursing infants 0.001005 40.2% Children 1 - 6 yrs 0.000498 19.9% Children 7 - 12 yrs 0.000319 12.7% Females 13 - 19 (no t preg or nursing) 0.000237 9.5% Females 20+ (not preg or nursing) 0.000285 11.4% Females 13 - 50 yrs 0.000289 11.6% Females 13+ (preg/not nursing) 0.00028 9 11.5% Females 13+ (nursing) 0.000378 15.1% Males 13 - 19 yrs 0.000255 10.2% Males 20+ yrs 0.000274 10.9% Seniors 55 + 0.000280 11.2% Children 1 - 2 yrs 0.000536 21.5% Children 3 - 5 yrs 0.000492 19.7% Children 6 - 12 yrs 0.000336 13.5% Youth 13 - 19 yrs 0.000247 9.9% Adults 20 - 49 yrs 0.000280 11.2% Adults 50+ yrs 0.000281 11.2% Fem ales 13 - 49 yrs 0.000275 11.0%

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