Case 1: 12-cv-00347-RLW Document 1 Filed 03/02/12



### SIERRA CLU13, 

### UNiTED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMB IA ) ) ) )

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# ,o_,,) FILED

MAR - 2 201?. t.:h::rk
. US D 1 stm:t &**oa ~.;** **uprcy** Couris fur t/ 1 e District o1 Golumb i ?



### 85 Second St r eet , 2nd 

### F l ou r S an Francisco, CA 94! 05 ) Case : 1 12-cv-00347 > Assigned 

### To : Wilk i ns, Robert L. 

### PlaintiCf,
vs. 

### LISA 

### P
. JACKSON , in her official capacity as Administrator Un ite d States Environmental Protection Agency /\riel Rios Building 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N. W. 

### Washington, DC 20460 Defendant. ) Assign. Date : 3/2/2012 ) Description: Admin
. Agency Review ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )



# ---- ·- - - - -- ---- >

COMPLAINT FOR INJUNC TIVE AND DECLARATORY RELIEF

I. INTl{ODUCTION 

### I
. Particulau: matter less than 2 .5 

### microns in diameter (''PM2.5"). 

### some times referred to as fine particulate , is a major cause of serious air quality problem s in many parts of the United States. Exposure to PM2.5 

### causes numerous human respiratory problems, including decreased lung function, asthma and bronchitis, and is al so assoc i ated with premature mortality, hospital admissions, cardiopulmonary disease and lung cancer. The detrimental effects of PM2.5 

### are not limited to human hea lth ; PM2.5 

### also contribu tes to regional haze , thereby contribut in g to the vi s ibility range limita ti ons in some of our Nation's most treasured natural areas. 

### 2. T o better protei.:t the public from th e damage C< wsed by PM 2.5, t he United S tate s Env ironm ental Protec tion Agency ("EPA") promulgated a revision to th e PM 2.5 

### NationalCase 1:12-cv-00347-RLW Document 1 Filed 03/02/12 Page 2 of 13



### Ambient Air Quality Standard in 2006. Under the Clean Air Act, each state is required to submit a plan, within three years of the promulgation or revi s ion of a new National Ambient Air Quality Standard , which addresses speci fic requirements t o provide for the implementation , maintenance and enforcement of the new standard. These arc known as "lnfrastmcture" state implementation plans ("SIPs"). Without Infrastructure plans , citizens are not afforded full protection against the harmful effects of PM2.5. 3. EPA is required to take final action on a state 's Infrastructure state implementation plan submi ttal by approving in full. disapproving in full, or approving in part and disapproving in p art within 12 months of the date a subm ittal is deemed administratively complete. Furthennore, if a state fails to submit its In fras tructure state implementation plan by the required date, EPA is required to issue a finding stating so, known as a ' 'finding offailure to s ubmit.' ' EPA has failed to take final action on several states' Infrastructure state implementation plan s ubmittal s. Additionally, EPA has failed to is s ue a finding of failure to s ubmit a suffic ient Infrastructure sta te implementation plan for at least I state. Accordingly, Plaintiff SIERRA CLUB brings thi s action against Defendant LISA P
. JACKSON, in her offic ial capacity as EPA Administrator, to compel her to perfonn her mandatory duties with respect to these PM2.5 Infrastructure state implementation plans.


### II. JU RI SD ICT I ON 4. This case is a Clean Air Act citizen suit. Therefore, the Court has jurisdiction over this action pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 

### 1331 (federal question jurisdiction) and 42 U
. S.C. § 

### 7604(a)(2) (c itizen suits for fail ure to perform a non-discretionary duty requ ired by the Clean Air Act). 5
. J\n ac tu al controve rsy**ex ~**  

### between the parties. This case docs not concern federal taxe s , is not a proceeding under ll U.S.C. §§ 505 o f 1146, and doc s not involve the Tariff Act of 1930. Thus, this Coun has jur isdict ion to order dec l aratory relieC under 28 U.S.C. § 

### 2201. If the Court orders declaratory relief, 28 U .S.C. 

### § 2202 authorizes t his Court to issue injunctiv e relief.



### 2Case 1 : 1 2-cv - 0034 7 -RLW Document 1 Filed 03/02/12 Page 3 of 13



### 111. NOTICE 6. Siena Club mail ed to EPA by certified mail, return rece ipt requested, written notice of intent to sue regarding the violations alleged in this Comp laint. E P A received notice letters by no later than August 17, 201 1 (Missouri, New Jers ey, Kentucky), October I, 2011 (Monta na , New York, Kansas, and Pem1sylvania) , December 1 2, 2011 (Colorado)
. More than sixty days ha ve passed since E PA received these no tice lett ers. EPA has not remedied the viola tion s alleged in this Complaint. Therefore, a prese nt and actual controversy exists between the parties.
IV. VENUE 7. This civil action is brought against an office r of' the U nited States acting in her official capac ity. EPA is headquartered in this judicial district. F urthermore, Defe ndan t Lisa P. Jackson
o fficially re s ides in the District of Columbia. A s ub stan ti al part of the e vents or omissions g iving ri s .:: to the claims in t his case oc<.: u rr

ed in the District of Columbia. Acco rdi ngly. venue is proper in this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 

### § 139 1(e).



### V. PARTIES 8. Plaintiff S I ERRA CLUB is a national grassroots nonprofit conservation organization formed in 1892. Sierra C lu b's purpose includes practic in g and promoting the responsible use of
earth' s ecosystem s and resou r ces. and protecting a nd restoring the quality of the natural and human environment. 9. Sierra Club has over 600,000 members nationally. Members and staff of Sierra Club live , work, recreate, and travel throughou t the areas at i ssue in this cast! and will continue to do so on a regular bas is. PM2.5 in the affected sta t es and territories threatens, and will continue to threaten, the hea l th and welfare of the Sierr a Club's stall and members. Sierra C lu b stafrs and members', as well as the public's, ab i lity to en j oy the aesthetic qualities and recreational op portunities i s diminished in the affected areas due to impacts from PM2.5 pollution
.



### 3Case 1: 12 -cv -003 4 7 - RLW Document 1 Filed 03/02/1 2 Page 4 of 13

I 0. EPA's failure to tim ely perform th e mandatory duti es d escribe d h e r ei n also adverse ly affec t s Sie rra Club, as well as its staff and members, by d ep riv ing it of proced ural protection and o ppontmitics as wel l as information whic h i t i s e ntitled to unde r the Clean A ir Ac t. The fa ilur e of EPA to perform the mandatory duties also crea tes un ce rtainty for S ierr a C lub 's staff a nd membe r s as to whether they are exposed to excess air po l lution. ll. The above injuries will continu e until th e Co urt grants the relief r eque sted here in. 12. Defendant LISA P. JA CKSON i s th e Admini str at o r o r the United States Envi ronm ental Protection Agency. In that role Administrator Jackson has been charged by Co ng r ess with the duty to admi ni ster the Clean Air Act. including th e mandatory dutie s a t issue in thi s case.

VI. 

### LEGAL BACKGROUND 13. Co ngress enac t ed the Clean Air Act t o "speed up , expand, and in tensify t he war again st air pollut i on in the United States wi th a view to ass ur in g t h at the a i r we b reath e throughout the Na ti o n is wholesome o nce again." H.R.Rcp. No. 1146, 91 s t Cong
. , 2d Sess. I , I , 1970 U
. S.Co dc Cong. & Admin. News 5 356, 5356. To promote this , the Act require s EPA to set National Amb ie nt Air Qual ity Standards fo r certain pollutant s . includin g PM2
. 5
. Na tio nal Ambient Air Qual ity S tandard s establish maximum a llowab le concentrati ons in the a ir of th ese poll utants. 14. Eac h Nationa l Amb i ent Air Qual ity S ta nda rd must be s trin gen t e nough to**pro t~.:** **ct** public health and we lfa r e . Effect s on welfare include , but a r e no t limited t o, effects on soi l s. water, vege tation , manm ade ma te rial s, wildlife, visibility (i.e., ha ze), climate, damage to property, eco nomic impacts and effects on personal comfo rt and well

-be in g. 15. Th e C lean A ir Act requires eac h s ta te t o s ubmit a state impl ementation plan for every prom ul gatio n o r revision of a Nat i o nal Ambient Ai r Quality S t a nd ard, w ithin three years of that standard's promulgat ion o r revi sio n, that provides for th e " i mplementation , maintenance, and enfo rcement'' o fthe standard
. 42 U
. S .C. § 7410(a)(l). These are often referred to as

" infras tr uc ture" state impl e mentation plans. 1 6
. An infrastructure state implementation plan s ubmittal must meet the requir e ments li s ted under 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2). 

### See 42 U.S.C. §§ 741 0(a)(2)(A)-(M)
.

4Case 1:12-cv-00347-RLW Document 1 Filed 03/02/ 12 Page 5 of 13

17. The Clea n A ir Act requ ires EPA to determine whe ther a ny s tate implementation plan subm ittal is admin is trati ve ly complete. 

### See 42 U.S.C. 7410 (k)(I)( B ). I f, s ix months aficr a s ta t e s ubmits a stat e impl e mentati o n plan, EPA ha s not made the completeness finding and has not fou nd th e s ubmittal to be incomplete , the submittal i s deemed administrative l y complete by ope r atio n of Ja w. !d. 18. EPA has a mandatory duty to**tak~::** Jina l al:tion on any admini s tra tivel y complt::te s tat e impk m en tati o n plan s ub mittal by ap prov in g in fu l l, di sap pr ov ing in Cu l l or approving in part and di sapprov in g in part wi thin 12 months ofthe date it i s deemed admini s tratively comple t e. 42 U.S.C. § 7410(k)(2) and (3 )
. 19. If a s tate f a ils to s ubmit an y n:quircd s tate implementation plan , there i s n o submittal that may be d ee med administratively complete an d 

### EPA mu s t make a determination s tating that the state failed to s ubmit the required s tate im plement ati o n plan. 42 U.S.C. 

### § 7410(k)(l)(B). Thi s i s referred to as a ··finding or failure to su bmit.''


### VII . STATE IMP L11 : MENTATION PLA N SU BMITTALS 20. On Oc tober 17, 20 0 6, E PA promulgated a re vi s ion to the PM 2.5 24-hour N ation a l Ambient Air Quality Standard. 71 F e d. Re g. 6 1 144 (Oc t. 17, 2006). T he effective d ate oft hc new stan dard i s December 18 , 2 006
. Jd. 2 1. 

### On Jun e 2 8,2010 either 

### EPA or operation of l aw de emed Mi sso uri 's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state**implem~..:ntation** plan s ubmittal addressing the requir e ments of 42 U.S .C
. § 7-l IO(a)(2)(A)-lC'),**D)(i)(II)(Pr~)ng** 3 PSD on l y), (D)( ii) , (E)-( 11 ), am i (J)-(M) comp lete
. See EPA. Status of State S IP Infra s tructure Requirements-Mi ssouri (ava ilable at**http: //** **www epa.gov** **air urbanair** **sipsta tu** **si r~?p** **or s/mo** _ ill frabypoll.html #x 1 I0 _u _1__pm2.5 2006) (last viewed Oct. 18 , 20 I I). 22. On July 20,2010 ei th er EPA or operation o fluw deemed New Je r sey's 2006 PM 2.5 infrastructure state implemen tati on plan submittal addressing th e requirement s of 42 U.S
. C
. § 741 O(a)(2)( A )

- (C), (D)(i)(II)(Pron g 3 PSD only), ( O )(ii), (E)-( H ), and(J)-(M), co mplete. 

### See L::PA, Status of tate S IP In frastr u cture Requirements

- Ne w Jerse y (available at http: //\\"**''d~pa.gov air** **urbanair sipstatus/repor** **nj** infrab):·poll.htrnl #>.. II 0 a 1 pm2.5 2006 _) (last viewed Oct. 18 , 201 1 )
. 

### 5Case 1 :12- cv-00347- RLW Document 1 Fi l ed 03/02/12 Page 6 of 13

23
. On August 10, 20 10 , either EPA or operation of law deemed Montana's 2006 PM2.5 infrast ruc ture s tate implemen tatio n plan s ubmittal addressing the requirements un der 42 U.S.C. § 741 Ota){2)(A)

- (C), (D)(i)( l). (D)(i i ), (E)-( 1 1 ), and (J )-( M ) , co mplew. S'ee EPA, Sta tu s o f S ta te SIP ln f ra s trU(;tun.: Requirem en ts
- Montana (available at http: //w'W '\o

\'.ep a . gov /air/urbanairl s ipstatus/reports /mt infrabypoll.html #x II 0 a .., pm-**~.** 5 2006 ) (last viewed Oct. 1 0, 20 11 )
. 

### 24. On Augu s t 23,2010, either EPA or operation of l aw deemed New York's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure s tate implementa tion plan submi ttal address ing the requirements under 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)(i)(I I)( Prong 3 PSD only) , (D)(i i ). ( E)- ( H ), a nd (J)-(M) complete. 

### See EPA, Status o l' State S IP Infra structure R equirements

- New York (avai labl e at http: // v,:ww.t!pa.gov/a ir / urbanair/sips ti.l tus/repo11s / ny infrabypoll.html #x II 0 a ? pm 2
. 5 2006 ) (lastviewed0t:t.l7 ,2 011). 25. On Octobe r 12, 2010. ei t her EPA or operat ion of l aw deemed Kansac;' 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state impl ementat ion plan s ubmittal addressing the rt:quirements under 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2) ( A)-(C ) , (D)(i)(ll)(Pro ng 3 PSD only) , (D)( ii) , (E)- ( H ), and (J) - (M) complete. 

### See E

PA. Statu s of State 

### SIP In frastructu re Requirements

- Kansas (available at http: // \\\\\-\
.epa . go\ / a ir / urbanai**/s ip** **stat r~p** **rt s/** **s** infrabypoll.hunl#x I I 0 u 2___Q[!l: 2.5 2006 )( last viewed Oct. 10. 2011). 

### 26. On Octob er 26,2010, either EPA or operation of law deemed Penn s ylvania' s infrastructure state implementation plan submiual addressing the requirements under 42 U .S .C. § 7410(a)(2 )(A)-(C), (E)

- (H), and (J) -(M ) complete. See 76 Fed. Reg. 54410 (Sept. I , 2011). 27. EPA has proposed to approve the portions of Pennsylvania , s infrastructure s tate implem entati on plan s ubmittal that address the requirem e nts o f 42 

### U.S. C
. § 74
. 1 O

(a)(2) (A)-(C), (I ·. )

- ( II). and (J)-(M). S'ee 76 f e d. Reg. 544 10 (Sept. l. 20 11 ), but such proposals do not hav e any legal effect. 2 8. On De(; e mber 4 , 2010, ei ther EPA or operation of lav
.., deemed Colorado's infrastructure state implementation plan s ubmittal addressing the requirements under 42 U.S. C
. 

### § 741 O(a) ( 2 ) (A)-(C), (E)-( H), and (J)-(M) complete. 

### See EPA , Status of State SIP lnfrastrut:ture



### 6Case 1:12-cv-00347-RLW Document 1 Fi l ed 03/02/12 Page 7 of 13
Requirements

- Colorado (available at http: //vvvvw.epa . go v /air / urbanair / sip s tatu s/r e ports/co**infrabypoll.h~ml x**  l I 0 a 2 pm 2.5 

### 2006 ) (last viewed Jan. 12, 20 1 2).


### VIII. CLAIMS FOR RELIEF CLA IM ONE ll : J>A ' s Failure to T ake Final Action on s evera l Stat es ' 2006 PM 2.5 Infrastructure S tate Implementation Plan Sub mittals ) 

### 29. Plaintiffs incorporat e 

### by reference paragraphs I th rough 

### 28. 30. The Clean Air Act requires EPA to detennine wheth er any state imp lementa tion plan sub mitt al is administratively complete. 

### See 42 U.S.C. 74lO(k)(l )(B). 

### 31. If, six months afte r a state submits a state implementation plan , EPA has not made the
co mpl e ten e s s finding and has not found the submi ttal to be incomplete, the submittal is deemed admin is tratively co mplet e by o peration of l aw. !d. 32. EPA must take 

### rimtl ac tion on an adm ini stratively compl ete submitta l by approving in full , disapproving in full, 

### or approving in part and di sa pproving in part with i n I 2 months of the date of the submittal's completeness f ind ing. 42 U.S
. C
. § 7410(k)(2) and (3). 33. For the purposes of this claim on ly, nothing in this claim alleges that EP !\ has a manda tory duty to address the visib il ity portion 

### of th e requ irements under 42 U.S.C. § 74 I 0( a )(2)( D)(i) ( ll), o r the r e quirements under 42 U.S.C. § 74IO(a)(2)(1), even ii'EPA has de emed those s ubmittals comple t e. 34
. On Ju ne 28,2010 e ither EPA o r operation of law deemed Missour i's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state implementation plan s ubmittal add r ess in g the requirements of 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)(i)(li)(Prong 

### 3 PSO only), (D)(ii), (E)-( H ), a nd (J)-(M) complete. 

### See EPA, Status or State SIP lnfrastructme Requirements

- Missouri (avail able at http:/ / wv'vw
.epa.gov/ a ir /urbanair/sips tatus/reports/mo

_ infrabypoll.hun l #x I I 0

_ a _ 2

_ pm2.5 2 0 06

_ ) ( ln s t viewed Oct. 18 , 2011 ). 

### 35. Pur s uant to 4 2 U. S.C. § 741 0( k)(2) and (3 ). EPA has a mandatory duty to take tina! ac tion on Mi s souri ' s 2006 PM2
. 5 infrastructure staie impl eme nta6 on plan subm ittal addressing


### 7Case 1:12-cv-00347-RLW Document 1 Filed 03/02/12 Page 8 of 13

the requirements of 42 U.S .C. § 74 1 0(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)( i)( II )(Pr ong 3 PSD on ly), (D)( ii), (E)- ( II ), and (J)-(M) by no later th an June 28, 20 II
. 36. LPA has failed to perform this mandatory duty by not approving in full, disapproving in full , or approving in pan and disapproving in pan Missouri's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state imp lementat ion plan submittal addressing the requirements of 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(A)

- (C), (D)(i)(I I)(Prong 3 PSD only). (D)(ii), (E)-(H) , und ( J )-(M) by no later than June 28. 20 II. 37. On July 20, 20 

### I 0 either 

### EPA o r operation of law deemed New Je r sey's 2006 PM2.5 infras tructure s tate implementat i on plan subm itta l addressing the requ ire m e nt s of 42 U.S
. C. § 741 O(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)(i)( li )( Prong 3 PSD only), (D)(ii), (E)

- (H), and(J)-(M), complete. 

### See I · PA, Status of State SIP Infrastructure Requirements-New Jersey (available at hllp .r '' ''''.epa.go\ air / urbanair / sipstatus / repon sl nj infrubypoll.lnml # x II 0 a :!___.!l!!l: 2.5 2006 ) (last viewed Oct. 18, 20 I I). 38
. Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 7410(k)(2) unci (3), E PA has a mandatory duty to take final action on New Jersey's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure s ta te impl e ment ation p l an sub mittal add re ssing the requirements of 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(A)

- (C). ( D )(i)(H)( Prong 

### 3 PSD only), ( D)(ii) , (E)-(H), and(J) (M) by no l ater than July 20. 2011. 

### 39. EPA has failed to pt!rform this mandatory duty by not approving in 

### full , disapproving in full, or approving in 

### pH11 and disapproving in pan New Jerse y's 2006 PM 2.5 infrastructure stall.! implemen tation p lan sub mittal addressi ng the requirt:mcnt s 

# or 42 U.S. C
.**~** 74 1 O(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)( i) ( H) (Prong 3 PSD only), ( D)(ii ), (E) - ( H ), and(J )-(M) by no later than July 20. 201 1. 40. On August I 0 , 20 I 0, either EPA or operati on oflaw de emed Mon tana 's 2006 PM 2.5 infrastructure state implementation plan submi \tal addressi ng the requirements u nder 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)(i)(l). (D)( ii ), (E)-(11), and ( J )-(M), compl ete. See E P A, Stmus of State SIP Infra st ructure Rcyuirl.!mcnts

- Montana (available at 

# Y hllp :// www.**..:pa gov** **air urbnnair** **sipstatuslrcport~/mt** 

### infi· abypoll. htm l#x 110 a 2 p

_m2 .5 2006 ) (last viewed Oct. 18, 20 II). r-;.;;**~** Pursuant to 42 U.S.C
. 

### § 74lO(k)(2) and (3), EPA has a mandatory duty to t ake final action on Montana 's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure s tate implementation plan s ubmittal addressing



### 8Case 1: 12-cv-00347 - RLW Document 1 Filed 03/02/12 Page 9 of 13

the requirements under 42 U.S.C. 

### § 74 1 0(a)(2)(A) -( C), (D)(i)( l ), (D)(ii), (E)-( 1

- l), and (J)-(M) by no later than August l 0, 20 I J. 42. EPA has failed to perform this mandatory d uty by not approving in full, disapprov in g in full, or approving in part and disapp r oving in part Montana's 2006 PM2.5 inf rastructure state implementation plan subm ittal addressing the requirements und er 42 U.S.C. 

### § 741 O(a)(2)(A) -( C), (D)(i)( l ), (D)(ii), (E)-(H), and (J)-(M) by no later than August 10,201 L 43. On Septe mber 23,2010, either EPA or ope ration oflaw deemed New York's 2006 PM2.5. infrastruct ure s tate implementation plan submi ttal addressing the requirements under 42 U.S.C. 

### § 741 O(a)(2)(A)

- (C), (D)(i)( ll )(Prong 3 PSD only), (D)(ii), (E)-(H), and (J)-(M) complete. See EPA, Status of State SIP Infrastruct ur e R equi r e ment s- New York (availabl e at http://www.epa.gov/air/urbanair/sipstatus/rcports/nv infrabypoll.html #x I 10 a 2 pm2.5 2006 ) (last viewed Oct. 1**.** 201 1 ). 44. Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 

### § 741 0(k)(2) and (3), EP 1\ has a mandatory duty to take final action on New York 's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state implementation plan s ubmittal addressin g the requirements under 42 U.S.C. 

### § 741 O(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)(i)(Il)(Prong 3 PSD only), (D)(ii), (E)-( H), and (J)-(M) by no later th an September 23, 20 II. 45. EPA has failed to perform thi s mandatory du ty by not approving in full, disapproving in full, or approving in part and disapproving in part New York 's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state impl ementation plan submittal addressing the requirements under 42 U.S.C. 

### § 741 O(a)(2)(A)·(C), (D)( i )( ll)(Pron g 3 PSD only). (D)( ii), (E)

- (H), and (.1 )-(M) by no later than September 23, 2011. -+6
. On Oc to ber 12, 20 10, either EPA or operation of law deemed Kansas ' 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state implementation plan s ubmittal add r essing the requirement s under 4 2 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)(i)(Il)(P rong 3 PSD only), (Dj(ii), (E)-(H), and (J)-(M) complete. 

### See i EPA, Status of State SIP Infrastructure**Requircrncnts Kansas**  (available at http://www.epa.gov/air/urbanair/sipstatuslreports/ks in frabypol l.ht ml#x II 0 a 2 pm2.5 2006 )(last viewed Oct. 18, 2011 ). 47. Pursuant to 42 U.S
.C
. § 7410(k)(2) and (3), EPA has a mandatory duty to take tina! action on Kansas· 2006 PM2.5 infras tructure state implementation plan submiltal addressing the



### 9

# 0 \j Case 1 :12-cv-00347-RLW Document 1 Fi l ed 03/02/12 Page 10 of 13

addressing the requirements under 42 U.S.C. § 74 1 0(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)(i)(II)(Prong 3 PSD only), (D)(ii), (F)-(11). and (J)-(M) by no later than October 12 , 2011. 4R
. EPA ha s fa iled to perform thi s mandatory duty by not approving in full, disapproving in full , or approving in part and disapproving in part Kansa s' 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state implementation plan submittal addressing the requirements under 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(A)-(C), (D)( i)(li)(Prong 3 PSD only), (D)(ii), (E) -(11) , and (J)-(M) by no later than October 12,2011. 49. On October 26, 20 l 0, either EPA or operation of law d eemed Pennsylvania's infrastructure state implementation plan s ubmittal addressing the require ments under 42 U.S .C. 

# * 741 O(a)(2)(A)-(C) , (E)-( H) , and (J)-(M) complete. 

### See 76 red. Reg. 54410 (Sept. I, 2011 ). 50. Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 741 O ( k)(2) and (3), EPA has a mandatory duty to take final action on Pennsylvania 's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state implementation plan submittal addressing the re quirements under 42 U.S.C. § 74 10(a)(2)(A)-(C), (E)-(H) , and (J)-(M) by no later than October 26, 2011. 51. EPA has failed to perform this mandatory duty by not approving in lull, disapproving in full, or approving in part and disapproving in part Pennsylvania's 2006 PM2.5 infrastructure state implementation plan submittal addressing the requirements under 42 U.S.C. 

### § 74 1 O(a) (2)( J\)-( C), (E)-(H). and (.1)-(M) by no later than October 26, 20 II. 

### ( 52.

- On Decem b cr 4 , 20 I0, c iI 

### her EPA or operation of I aw deemed Co lorado's in frastruc tur e ) s tate implementation plan submittal addressing the requiremcms under 42 U.S.C. § 74lO(a)(2)(A)-(C), (E)-(H), and (J)

- (M) complete. 

### See EPA , S tatus of State SIP Infrastructure Requirements

- Colorado (available at http:/ / v. ·ww.cpa.gov/a ir/urbanair/sipstalus/ reports/co infrnbvQQ.!J.html # x 110 a 2 pm2.5 2006 ) (last viewed Jan. 12, 201 2). 53
. Pursuant to 42 U .S.C. § 741 O(k)(2) and (3) , EP !\ has a mandatory duty to take final action on Co lorado's 2 006 PM2.5 infras tructure state imp lementation plan submittal addressing the requirements under 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(A)-(C), (E)-(H), and (J)-(M) by no later than December 4, 2011
.

10

# a \) Case 1:12-cv-00347-RLW Document 1 Filed 03/02/12 Page 11 of13

54. EPA has failed to perform this mandatory dut y by not approving in full, disapproving in full, or approving in part and di sap proving in part Colo rad o's 2006 PM 2.5 infrastructure s tate implementation plan submittal add r ess in g the requirements und er4 2 U.S
. C. 

### § 7410(a)(2)(A)-(C) , (E)-(H), and (J)

- (M) by n o later than December 4, 20 II
. 

### C LA IM TWO (EPA's Fuilure to Make Findings of Fa ilure to Submit Sufficient Infrastructure State Implementation Plans for the 2006 PM2
. 5 National Amb i ent Air Quality Standard) 55. Plaintiffs incorporate by reference paragraphs 1 through 54. 56. Pursuant to the Clean Air Act , each state must submit a n " infrastructure" state implementation plan that provides for the "implementation, maintenance, and enforcement" of a National Ambient Ai r Quality Standard within three years of a standard's promulgation or revision. 42 U.S.C. § 7410(a)(l). 57
. The Clean Air Act requires EPA to determine whether a state implementation plan submi ttal is administratively comple t e. 

### See 42 U.S.C
. 7410(k)(l)(B ). 58. If a stale fails to submit any required state implementation plan, there is no submi ttal that may be deemed administratively complete and EPA must make a determination stating that the state failed to submit the required state implementation plan. 

### See 42 U.S.C. § 7410(k)(I)(B). This is referred to as a ''finding of failure to submit.'' 50. Thus, if a state docs not submit a s tate implementation plan, a finding of failure to submit must be made no later than six months after the date by which the state implementation plan subm ittal was due. See42 U.S.C. § 74t0(k)( I) (B). 60. EPA promu lgated a revision to the PM2
. 5 24-hou r National Ambient Air Quality Standard on October l 7, 2006. 71 fed. Reg. 6 1144 (Oc t. 17 , 2006). 61. The effective date of the 2006 PM2.5 s tandard is December 18, 2006. 

### ld. 62. Thus, states and territories are required to submit infrastructure state implementation plans for the 2006 PM2.5 24

- hour National Ambient Air Quality Standard by no later than December 18, 2009. 

### See 42 U.S.C. § 74 JO (a)(l).

IICase 1: 12-cv-0034 7-RLW Document 1 Filed 03/02/12 Page 12 of 13

63. Fo r the purposes of this c laim only , nothing in thi s claim a ll eges th a t EP 1\ has a mandatory duty to addrt!ss the visibility portion of th e requ irements under 42 U.S.C. § 741 0(a)(2)(D)(i)tll). the nonuttuimm:nt requirements under 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(C) or the requirements under 4 2 U.S.C. § 7410(a)(2)(1 )
. 64. Kentucky has fai l ed to s ubmit an infrastructure state implementation plan or r evision addressing the requirements under 42 U.S.C. §§ 741 O(a)(2)(D)(i)(II)(Prong 3 PSD only). See EPA, Status of State S IP Infrastructure Requirements

- Kentucky (availab le at**http://www.epa.gov nir** **urbanair/sipslatus/r~ports/ky** i nfi·ab ypo l l.hun l #x 1 I0 u

_ 2__.12!ll: :2.5 2006 ) (''Latest Action" is blank for K entucky's 42 U.S.C. 

### § 7410(a)(2)(D)(ii)( II )(Pron g 3 PSD onl>) submitta l rcquircmcnts)(last viewed Oct. 18. 20 I I )
. 65. Accordingly, EPA**ha~** a mandatory duty under 

### 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(k)( I )( 13 ) to issue a finding of failure to submit fo r Kent ucky regarding the 2006 PM2.5 24-hour National Ambient Air Quality Standard infrastructure state implementution p l an addressing the r equ irements under 42 U.S.C. § 741 O(a)(2)(D)(ii)( ll )(Pro ng 3 PSD on ly). 66. EPA has failed, and conti nue s to fail, to make thi s tinding of failure to sub mit for Kentucky. 67. At:con.lingl>, f.'PA is violatio n of its mandato r y duty under 42 U .S.C. § 741 O(k)(l)(B) to issue a finding of failure to s ubmit sufficient infrastructure s tare implementation plans for Kentucky. REQ U EST FOR RELU:F WHEREFOKE, Sierra Club respectfully request that the Court: A. Declare that the Administrator is in vio l ation of the Ckan Air Act with regard to her railurc to performlo!ach mandatory duty listed above; 8
. Is sue u mundatory injunction requiring the Administrator to perform her mandatory duties by certain dates; C. Retain jurisdiction o!'th i s matter for purposes of enforcing and effectuating th e Cou rt' s order;

12

### Case 1:12-cv-00347-RLW Document 1 Fi l ed 03/02/12 Page 13 of 13



### D
. Grunt S ie rra Club its reaso nable cos ts of litigation. including att orne ys' and expert fees ; and 

### E. Grant such f urther relief as the Court deems j ust and proper.

Dated: 

### Murch l. 2012 

### Respectfully submitted ,

I

## •-~-~ 

# l I 

# "· : -+--- / 

### Robert 

### Ukeilcy**~.. /**  

### DOC Bar No. MD 14062 

### Law Ofticc 

### of Robert Ukcilcy 435R Chestnut Street, Ste. I 13crea, 

### KY 40403 

### Tel: (859) 986-5402 fax : 

### (866) 618-1017 

### Email: ruke iley @ igc .org**Coun~ct** 

### for Sierra Cl ub

13