773 San Marin Drive, Suite 2115, Novato, CA 94998 415.899.0700 ENVIRON International Corporation



### EMISSION PROFILES FOR EPA SPECIATE DATABASE, PART 2: EPAct FUELS (Evaporative Emissions)

EPA Contract No. EP-D-07-102 Work Assignment No. 1-09

Prepared for:

Patricia Rowley Office of Transportation and Air Quality U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ann Arbor, MI 48105

Prepared by:

Chris E. Lindhjem ENVIRON International Corporation

773 San Marin Drive, Suite 2115 Novato, CA 94998

September 30, 2008September 2008

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### TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1. INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................ 1-1

1.1 Purpose of Study........................................................................................................... ... 1-1 1.2 Project Objectives ......................................................................................................... ... 1-1

2. 2.0 DATA COMPILATION................................................................................................ 2-1

2.1 Emissions Studies Used ................................................................................................... 2- 1 2.2 Data Compilation and Average Profiles .......................................................................... 2-1 2.3 Average Profiles........................................................................................................... .... 2-2

APPENDICES

Appendix A: Speciation Results

TABLES

Table 2-1. Data samples used in this study ................................................................................. 2-1 Table 2-2. SPECIATE surrogates us ed in the final profiles........................................................ 2-2 Table 2-3. Completed sp eciation tool runs.................................................................................. 2-3September 2008

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### 1-1 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose of Study

The EPA maintains a database of emission profiles representativ e of mobile and stationary sources for use as inputs to mode ls that provide insight to the fu ture affects of transportation and fuels on the ambient air. The SPECIATE profiles have characteristics variable upon the emission source function, applied control methods, and of ten source fuel type. As the transportation industry standards change, control technologies become more stringent, and fuel composition begins to become more variab le the existing SPECIATE profiles become out of date. Currently, transportation fleets are expected to begin using renewable fuels as an increasing rate that will alter the vehicle evaporative emissions. Also, pass enger cars and trucks ar e moving to more Tier II type vehicles, which, at present, are not accurately represented in SPECIATE. The fleet turnover and fuel type changes provide the basi s for the development of new passenger car and truck SPECIATE profiles.

1.2 Project Objectives

The purpose of this work was to: 1) review data collected from EPA that have volatile organic carbon (VOC) evaporative emissions data where the test fuels contain ethanol at nominally 0% volume (E0), E10, and E85, 2) recommend speciation profiles most appli cable to current and future technologies and fuels, 3) prepare speciation profile s in SPECIATE, and 4) produce SMOKE-ready profiles.

The evaporative emissions were originally prepared under EPA Contract No. EP-C-06-094, Work Assignment No. 1-7. EPA however wished to exclude some obvious exhaust chemicals compounds from the speciation that were in the original evapor ative test data.September 2008

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### 2-1 2.0 DATA COMPILATION

2.1 Emissions Studies Used

The data studies used in this work was the Auto/Oil Emissions Research (relevant CRC studies) on pre-Tier 2 light-duty vehicles, http://www.crcao.org/reports /auto-oil/default.htm

Table 2-1 provides the sample sizes that were used to compile th e average chemical composition. Other studies used older or speci ally designed vehicles and fuel s unrepresentative of emissions from real world fuels and vehicles.

Table 2-1. Data samples used in this study. Emission

Profile E0 E10 E85 Evaporative

Evaporative Auto\Oil Emissions Research (38 Vehicles and 1 Fuel) Auto\Oil Emissions Research (10 Vehicles and 1 Fuel) Auto\Oil Emissions Research (3 Vehicles and 1 Fuel)



### 2.2 Data Compilation and Average Profiles

From the studies, individual data points from each vehicle and fuel combination were analyzed and categorized by EPA SPECIATE chemical com positional type. The individual data points were grouped and quality assured using the proce dure described in the report for EPA Contract No. EP-C-06-094, Work Assignment No. 1-7. Ev aporative emissions profiles for E0, E10, and E15 fuels were obtained from the Auto/Oil study. The profiles include an average of individual test points for diurnal, hot soak, and running lo ss testing for 0% ethanol gasoline (Fuel A in the Auto\Oil study), 10% ethanol ga soline (Fuel T), and hot so ak for 85% ethanol gasoline compositions on pre-Tier 2 light-duty vehicles.

In addition, the evaporative em ission profiles were modified to remove obvious exhaust components of methane, acetylene, ethane, etha ne, propene, propadiene, and propylene. These compounds were removed and the remaining co mpounds renormalized proportionally to 100%. The exhaust components in the data may have been introduced through leaks in the exhaust system especially during running loss tests when the engine is running or off gassing such as from the crankcase in hot soak testing. The fraction of the obvious exhaust components that were removed from the profiles totaled 1.4% for E0, 1.3% for E10, and 0.5% for E85. Some other heavier exhaust co mponents may remain in the profil e but could not be identified as exclusively exhaust components.

2.3 Average Profiles

Appendix A shows the final profiles and the EPA SPECIATE4 identification of each compound. In very few cases, where the measured compound was not an exact match to a species in SPECIATE4, the most similar SPECIATE4 co mpound was used. These substitutions are provided in the Appendix summary profiles.September 2008

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### 2-2 The individual profiles were provided in Excel format, and the average composition profiles were provided in SPECIATE and SMOKE-ready fo rmats. In very few cases, where the measured compound was not an exact match to a species in the SPECIATE4 profile, the most similar SPECIATE4 compound was used and these ar e provided in the final report and in the summary databases provided. The report detailed the studies used and their representativeness and profiles used for the final analysis and t hose quality assurance st eps necessary to produce consistent and representative profiles.

In rare cases, compounds measured for the prof iles did not have a one to one match with a SPECIATE identification code. A list of the compounds and the closest SPECIATE match that were used to create profil es are listed in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2. SPECIATE surrogates used in the final profiles. Evaporative Profiles Original Chemical Analysis SPECIATE Substitution 1c;2t;3-TM-CycPentane 1,2,3-trimethylcyclopentane 1E-2M-Benzene 1-Methyl-2-ethylbenzene 1;2;4-TM-Benzene 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene (1,3,4-trimethylbenzene) i-ButylBenzene (2-methylpropyl)benzene 3E-c-2-Pentene 3-Ethylpentene tert-1B-3;5-DM-Benz 1-Me thyl-2-tert-butylbenzene tert-1B-2M-Benzene (E85 only) 1-Methyl-2-tert-butylbenzene



### ENVIRON used the following procedure to prepare SMOKE profiles. The Speciation Tool 1 

### was employed to generate the speciation input f iles required by SMOKE. These include both the speciation profiles GSPRO and the pollutant-to- pollutant (VOC-to-TOG) conversion factors GSCNV files. The Speciation Tool version 2 is a PostgreSQL da tabase application developed by ENVIRON for EPA.

The new profiles, defined by profile identifier , species identifier (unique identifier from SPECIATE 4.0) and weight percent of species, were imported to the Speciation Tool. Outputs were generated based on the chemical mech anism Carbon Bond version 2005 (CB05). The CB05 mechanism defines how much of the mass of each species or compound (for example, 2- methylpentane, N-butane, etc.) is attributed to each of the lumped air quality modeling compounds; PAR, OLE, TOL, XYL, FORM, ALD2, ETH, ISOP, MEOH, ETOH, CH4, ETHA, IOLE, ALDX, TERP, UNR, NVOL. Based on the moles-per-moles factor of the CB05 mechanism and the weight percen t of the input speciation profile the Speciation Tool computes the criteria VOC split factors.

The Speciation Tool requires the SMOKE invent ory table, INVTABLE, which indicates if a compound is to be treated as a toxic and wh ether it is an active or tracer compound. The INVTABLE, invtable_hapcap_cb05soa_12sep 2008_v3.txt, was provide d to ENVIRON via email on 22 Sep 2008 by Madeleine Strum of EPA/OAQPS/EMAD/Air Quality Modeling Group. This application, significantly different from previous versions , indicates four toxic compounds. The active toxics ar e acetaldehyde, methyl alcohol, and formaldehyde. Benzene is specified as a tracer toxic. Tabl e 2-3 identifies the four runs th at were completed for this task.

1 ENVIRON. 2007. Speciation Tool User’s Guide, Version 2.0. September.September 2008

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### 2-3 Table 2-3. Completed speciation tool runs. Run Type Mechanism Description No toxics CB05 All VOC model species, including toxic VOC species, are computed from criteria VOC emissions. No toxics CMAQ_CB05_SOA Benzene is th e sole mechanism compound; with SOA mechanism application. Integrate toxics CB05 HAPs species (det ermined from INVT ABLE) are to be integrated from a separate emission inventory. Part of the criteria VOC mass is replaced with HAP VOC mass. No HAP use a CMAQ_CB05_SOA_TX The mechanism definition maps all species to FORM_PRIMARY, ALD2_PRIMARY, BENZENE, and NONBAF. Indicates SOA mechanism application.

a The mechanism files, INVTABLE, and sample control file fo r the no HAP use case were provided to ENVIRON via email by Allan Beidler on 25 Sep 2008.

### APPENDIX A

Chemical Composition ProfilesSeptember 2008

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### B-1 Table B-3. Evaporative profile for E0.

Gas Species Wt % Zero Out Normalized Wt. % Methanol 0.000% 0.000% 0 Ethanol 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Methane 1.267% 0 0.000% Ethene 0.068% 0 0 Ethyne 0.001% 0 0 Ethane 0.020% 0 0 Propene 0.000% 0 0 Propane 0.256% 0.256% 0.260% Propadiene 0.000% 0 0 Propyne 0.013% 0 0 2M-Propane 0.849% 0.849% 0.861% 2M-Propene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1-Butene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;3-Butadiene 0.292% 0.292% 0.296% Butane 25.964% 25.964% 26.324% t-2-Butene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;2-DM-Propane 0.038% 0.038% 0.038% 1-Butyne 0.097% 0.097% 0.099% c-2-Butene 0.035% 0.035% 0.036% 3M-1-Butene 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% 2M-Butane 9.194% 9.194% 9.321% 2-Butyne 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1-Pentene 0.191% 0.191% 0.194% 2M-1-Butene 0.555% 0.555% 0.562% Pentane 6.153% 6.153% 6.239% 2M-1;3-Butadiene 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% t-2-Pentene 1.064% 1.064% 1.079% 3;3-DM-1-Butene 0.005% 0.005% 0.005% c-2-Pentene 0.552% 0.552% 0.560% 2M-2-Butene 1.712% 1.712% 1.735% Cyclopentadiene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;2-DM-Butane 0.902% 0.902% 0.914% Cyclopentene 0.121% 0.121% 0.122% 4M-1-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 3M-1-Pentene 0.006% 0.006% 0.006% Cyclopentane 0.300% 0.300% 0.304% 2;3-DM-Butane 1.242% 1.242% 1.260% MTBE 0.537% 0.537% 0.544% 4M-c-2-Pentene 0.196% 0.196% 0.199% 2M-Pentane 4.651% 4.651% 4.716% 4M-t-2-Pentene 0.093% 0.093% 0.094% 3M-Pentane 2.338% 2.338% 2.371% 2M-1-Pentene 0.080% 0.080% 0.081% 1-Hexene 0.048% 0.048% 0.049% Hexane 2.217% 2.217% 2.248% t-3-Hexene 0.060% 0.060% 0.061% c-3-Hexene 0.002% 0.002% 0.002% t-2-Hexene 0.165% 0.165% 0.168% 3M-t-2-Pentene 0.294% 0.294% 0.298% 2M-2-Pentene 0.066% 0.066% 0.067% 3M-Cyclopentene 0.586% 0.586% 0.594% c-2-Hexene 0.033% 0.033% 0.033% ETBE 0.383% 0.383% 0.388% 2;2-DM-Pentane 0.007% 0.007% 0.007%September 2008

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### B-2 Gas Species Wt % Zero Out Normalized Wt. % M-Cyclopentane 0.820% 0.820% 0.832% 2;4-DM-Pentane 0.558% 0.558% 0.566% 2;2;3-TM-Butane 0.005% 0.005% 0.005% Benzene 3.318% 3.318% 3.364% 3M-1-Hexene 0.024% 0.024% 0.024% 3;3-DM-Pentane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Cyclohexane 0.054% 0.054% 0.055% 2M-Hexane 0.758% 0.758% 0.768% 2;3-DM-Pentane 0.871% 0.871% 0.883% Cyclohexene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 3M-Hexane 0.817% 0.817% 0.828% c-1;3-DM-CyPentane 0.041% 0.041% 0.041% t-1;2-DM-Cypentane 0.057% 0.057% 0.057% 1-Heptene 0.012% 0.012% 0.012% 2;2;4-TM-Pentane 1.984% 1.984% 2.012% t-3-Heptene 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% Heptane 0.618% 0.618% 0.627% 2M-2-Hexene 0.018% 0.018% 0.018% 3M-t-3-Hexene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% t-2-Heptene 0.002% 0.002% 0.002% 3E-c-2-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;4;4-TM-1-Pentene 0.002% 0.002% 0.002% 2;3-DM2;-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-2-Heptene 0.004% 0.004% 0.004% M-Cyclohexane 0.198% 0.198% 0.201% 2;2-DM-Hexane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;4;4-TM-2-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;5-DM-Hexane 0.070% 0.070% 0.071% E-Cyclopentane 0.032% 0.032% 0.033% 2;4-DM-Hexane 0.148% 0.148% 0.150% 3;3-DM-Hexane 0.002% 0.002% 0.002% 2;3;4-TM-Pentane 0.917% 0.917% 0.929% Toluene 9.643% 9.643% 9.777% 2;3-DM-Hexane 0.090% 0.090% 0.091% 2M-Heptane 0.206% 0.206% 0.208% 4M-Heptane 0.029% 0.029% 0.029% 3M-Heptane 0.305% 0.305% 0.309% 1c;2t;3-TM-Cycpentane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-1;3-DM-CycHexane 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% t-1;4-DM-CycHexane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;2;5-TM-Hexane 0.037% 0.037% 0.037% 1-Octene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% t-4-Octene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Octane 0.181% 0.181% 0.184% t-2-Octene 0.018% 0.018% 0.018% t-1;3-DM-CycHexane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-2-Octene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;3;5-TM-Hexane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;4-DM-Heptane 0.050% 0.050% 0.051% 1c-2DM-Cyclohexane 0.029% 0.029% 0.029% E-CycHexane 0.059% 0.059% 0.060% 3;5-DM-Heptane 0.033% 0.033% 0.034% E-Benzene 2.521% 2.521% 2.556% 2;3-DM-Heptane 0.001% 0.001% 0.002% m&p-Xylene 5.945% 5.945% 6.028%September 2008

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### B-3 Gas Species Wt % Zero Out Normalized Wt. % 4M-Octane 0.048% 0.048% 0.049% 3M-Octane 0.031% 0.031% 0.032% Styrene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% o-Xylene 2.054% 2.054% 2.082% 1-Nonene 0.032% 0.032% 0.032% Nonane 0.005% 0.005% 0.005% i-PropBenzene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 2;2-DM-Octane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;4-DM-Octane 0.033% 0.033% 0.033% n-PropBenzene 0.196% 0.196% 0.198% 1M-3E-Benzene 1.306% 1.306% 1.324% 1M-4E-Benzene 0.502% 0.502% 0.509% 1;3;5-TM-Benzene 0.386% 0.386% 0.392% 1E-2M-Benzene 0.227% 0.227% 0.230% 1;2;4-TM-Benzene 1.314% 1.314% 1.333% Decane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% s-ButBenzene 0.021% 0.021% 0.021% 1M-4-i-ButBenzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;2;3-TM-Benzene 0.138% 0.138% 0.140% Indan 0.050% 0.050% 0.051% 1;3-DE-Benzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;4-DE-Benzene 0.057% 0.057% 0.058% nButBenzene 0.136% 0.136% 0.138% 1;2-DE-Benzene 0.050% 0.050% 0.051% Undecane 0.082% 0.082% 0.083% 1;2;4;5-TetMBenzene 0.006% 0.006% 0.006% 1;2;3;5-TetMBenzene 0.018% 0.018% 0.018% 1;2;3;4-TetMBenzene 0.128% 0.128% 0.130% Naphthalene 0.030% 0.030% 0.031% Dodecane 0.007% 0.007% 0.007%September 2008

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### B-4 Table B-3. Evaporative profile for E10.

Gas Species Wt % Zero Out Normalized Wt. % Methanol 0.000% 0.000% 0 Ethanol 11.896% 11.896% 12.054% Methane 1.281% 0 0 Ethene 0.026% 0 0 Ethyne 0.000% 0 0 Ethane 0.000% 0 0 Propene 0.000% 0 0 Propane 0.413% 0.413% 0.418% Propadiene 0.000% 0 0 Propyne 0.000% 0 0 2M-Propane 0.906% 0.906% 0.918% 2M-Propene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 1-Butene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 1;3-Butadiene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Butane 15.082% 15.082% 15.281% t-2-Butene 0.015% 0.015% 0.015% 2;2-DM-Propane 0.006% 0.006% 0.006% 1-Butyne 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-2-Butene 0.038% 0.038% 0.039% 3M-1-Butene 0.030% 0.030% 0.030% 2M-Butane 8.570% 8.570% 8.683% 2-Butyne 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1-Pentene 0.178% 0.178% 0.180% 2M-1-Butene 0.472% 0.472% 0.478% Pentane 5.704% 5.704% 5.780% 2M-1;3-Butadiene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% t-2-Pentene 0.825% 0.825% 0.836% 3;3-DM-1-Butene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-2-Pentene 0.263% 0.263% 0.267% 2M-2-Butene 0.926% 0.926% 0.939% Cyclopentadiene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 2;2-DM-Butane 1.017% 1.017% 1.030% Cyclopentene 0.026% 0.026% 0.026% 4M-1-Pentene 0.004% 0.004% 0.004% 3M-1-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Cyclopentane 0.319% 0.319% 0.323% 2;3-DM-Butane 1.519% 1.519% 1.539% MTBE 0.319% 0.319% 0.323% 4M-c-2-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2M-Pentane 4.698% 4.698% 4.761% 4M-t-2-Pentene 0.030% 0.030% 0.031% 3M-Pentane 2.050% 2.050% 2.077% 2M-1-Pentene 0.015% 0.015% 0.016% 1-Hexene 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% Hexane 2.536% 2.536% 2.570% t-3-Hexene 0.005% 0.005% 0.005% c-3-Hexene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% t-2-Hexene 0.025% 0.025% 0.026% 3M-t-2-Pentene 0.034% 0.034% 0.035% 2M-2-Pentene 0.020% 0.020% 0.020% 3M-Cyclopentene 0.562% 0.562% 0.570% c-2-Hexene 0.008% 0.008% 0.008% ETBE 0.029% 0.029% 0.030% 2;2-DM-Pentane 0.001% 0.001% 0.001%September 2008

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### B-5 Gas Species Wt % Zero Out Normalized Wt. % M-Cyclopentane 0.566% 0.566% 0.574% 2;4-DM-Pentane 1.228% 1.228% 1.244% 2;2;3-TM-Butane 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% Benzene 3.187% 3.187% 3.229% 3M-1-Hexene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 3;3-DM-Pentane 0.002% 0.002% 0.002% Cyclohexane 0.027% 0.027% 0.027% 2M-Hexane 0.424% 0.424% 0.429% 2;3-DM-Pentane 1.919% 1.919% 1.944% Cyclohexene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 3M-Hexane 0.441% 0.441% 0.447% c-1;3-DM-CycloPentane 0.015% 0.015% 0.015% t-1;2-DM-CycloPentane 0.023% 0.023% 0.023% 1-Heptene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;2;4-TM-Pentane 3.354% 3.354% 3.398% t-3-Heptene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% Heptane 0.549% 0.549% 0.556% 2M-2-Hexene 0.004% 0.004% 0.004% 3M-t-3-Hexene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% t-2-Heptene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 3E-c-2-Pentene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 2;4;4-TM-1-Pentene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 2;3-DM-2-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-2-Heptene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% M-Cyclohexane 0.066% 0.066% 0.067% 2;2-DM-Hexane 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 2;4;4-TM-2-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;5-DM-Hexane 0.045% 0.045% 0.045% E-Cyclopentane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;4-DM-Hexane 0.330% 0.330% 0.334% 3;3-DM-Hexane 0.002% 0.002% 0.002% 2;3;4-TM-Pentane 2.146% 2.146% 2.174% Toluene 14.336% 14.336% 14.525% 2;3-DM-Hexane 0.086% 0.086% 0.087% 2M-Heptane 0.042% 0.042% 0.043% 4M-Heptane 0.002% 0.002% 0.002% 3M-Heptane 0.081% 0.081% 0.082% 1c;2t;3-TM-CycPentane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-1;3-DM-CycHexane 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% t-1;4-DM-CycHexane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;2;5-TM-Hexane 0.101% 0.101% 0.102% 1-Octene 0.002% 0.002% 0.002% t-4-Octene 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% Octane 0.092% 0.092% 0.094% t-2-Octene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% t-1;3-DM-CycHexane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-2-Octene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;3;5-TM-Hexane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;4-DM-Heptane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1c-2-DM-CycloHexane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% E-CycHexane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 3;5-DM-Heptane 0.045% 0.045% 0.046% E-Benzene 1.721% 1.721% 1.744% 2;3-DM-Heptane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% m&p-Xylene 4.649% 4.649% 4.711%September 2008

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### B-6 Gas Species Wt % Zero Out Normalized Wt. % 4M-Octane 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% 3M-Octane 0.001% 0.001% 0.001% Styrene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% o-Xylene 1.774% 1.774% 1.798% 1-Nonene 0.005% 0.005% 0.005% Nonane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% i-PropBenzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;2-DM-Octane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;4-DM-Octane 0.023% 0.023% 0.024% n-PropBenzene 0.100% 0.100% 0.101% 1M-3E-Benzene 1.073% 1.073% 1.088% 1M-4E-Benzene 0.248% 0.248% 0.252% 1;3;5-TM-Benzene 0.204% 0.204% 0.206% 1E-2M-Benzene 0.022% 0.022% 0.022% 1;2;4-TM-Benzene 0.926% 0.926% 0.938% Decane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% s-ButBenzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1M-4-i-ButBenzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;2;3-TM-Benzene 0.073% 0.073% 0.074% Indan 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;3-DE-Benzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;4-DE-Benzene 0.017% 0.017% 0.017% n-ButBenzene 0.043% 0.043% 0.044% 1;2-DE-Benzene 0.087% 0.087% 0.088% Undecane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;2;4;5-TetMBenzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;2;3;5-TetMBenzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;2;3;4-TetMBenzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Naphthalene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Dodecane 0.054% 0.054% 0.055%September 2008

C:\Documents and Settings\csmith\Local Settings\Temporary Intern et Files\OLKE\Speciation_Repor t_93008 final evaporative_PR.doc 

### B-7 Table B-3. Evaporative profile for E85.

Gas Species Original Wt % Zero Out Normalized Wt. % Methane 0.474% 0 0 Methanol 2.438% 2.438% 2.450% Ethanol 61.230% 61.230% 61.533% Ethene 0.000% 0 0 Ethyne 0.016% 0 0 Ethane 0.000% 0 0 Propene 0.002% 0 0 Propane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Propadiene 0.000% 0 0 Propyne 0.000% 0 0 2M-Propane 0.333% 0.333% 0.335% 2M-Propene 0.045% 0.045% 0.045% 1-Butene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;3-Butadiene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Butane 6.426% 6.426% 6.458% t-2-Butene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;2-DM-Propane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1-Butyne 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-2-Butene 0.131% 0.131% 0.131% 3M-1-Butene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2M-Butane 2.909% 2.909% 2.924% 2-Butyne 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1-Pentene 0.049% 0.049% 0.049% 2M-1-Butene 0.112% 0.112% 0.112% Pentane 1.289% 1.289% 1.295% 2M-1;3-Butadiene 0.025% 0.025% 0.025% t-2-Pentene 0.213% 0.213% 0.214% 3;3-DM-1-Butene 0.055% 0.055% 0.055% c-2-Pentene 0.122% 0.122% 0.123% 2M-2-Butene 0.247% 0.247% 0.248% Cyclopentadiene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;2-DM-Butane 0.245% 0.245% 0.247% Cyclopentene 0.035% 0.035% 0.035% 4M-1-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 3M-1-Pentene 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% Cyclopentane 0.104% 0.104% 0.105% 2;3-DM-Butane 0.511% 0.511% 0.513% MTBE 0.080% 0.080% 0.080% 4M-c-2-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2M-Pentane 1.340% 1.340% 1.346% 4M-t-2-Pentene 0.022% 0.022% 0.022% 3M-Pentane 0.670% 0.670% 0.673% 2M-1-Pentene 0.053% 0.053% 0.054% 1-Hexene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% Hexane 0.606% 0.606% 0.609% t-3-Hexene 0.040% 0.040% 0.040% c-3-Hexene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% t-2-Hexene 0.069% 0.069% 0.070% 3M-t-2-Pentene 0.082% 0.082% 0.083% 2M-2-Pentene 0.035% 0.035% 0.036% 3M-Cyclopentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-2-Hexene 0.030% 0.030% 0.030% 3M-c-2 Pentene 0.078% 0.078% 0.079% 2;2-DM-Pentane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000%September 2008

C:\Documents and Settings\csmith\Local Settings\Temporary Intern et Files\OLKE\Speciation_Repor t_93008 final evaporative_PR.doc 

### B-8 Gas Species Original Wt % Zero Out Normalized Wt. % M-Cyclopentane 0.269% 0.269% 0.270% 2;4-DM-Pentane 0.511% 0.511% 0.514% 2;2;3-TM-Butane 0.002% 0.002% 0.002% 3;4-DM-1-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1M-Cyclopentene 0.067% 0.067% 0.067% Benzene 0.542% 0.542% 0.545% 3M-1-Hexene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 3;3-DM-Pentane 0.040% 0.040% 0.040% Cyclohexane 0.066% 0.066% 0.066% 2M-Hexane 0.219% 0.219% 0.220% 2;3-DM-Pentane 0.916% 0.916% 0.920% Cyclohexene 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% 3M-Hexane 0.310% 0.310% 0.311% c-1;3-DM-CycloPentane 0.060% 0.060% 0.061% 3E-Pentane 0.082% 0.082% 0.083% t-1;2-DM-CycloPentane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1-Heptene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;2;4-TM-Pentane 1.949% 1.949% 1.958% t-3-Heptene 0.017% 0.017% 0.017% Heptane 0.279% 0.279% 0.281% 2M-2-Hexene 0.048% 0.048% 0.049% 3M-t-3-Hexene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% t-2-Heptene 0.017% 0.017% 0.017% 3E-c-2-Pentene 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% 2;4;4-TM-1-Pentene 0.028% 0.028% 0.028% 2;3-DM-2-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-2-Heptene 0.025% 0.025% 0.026% M-Cyclohexane 0.214% 0.214% 0.215% 2;2-DM-Hexane 0.120% 0.120% 0.121% 2;4;4-TM-2-Pentene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 2;5-DM-Hexane 0.218% 0.218% 0.219% 2;4-DM-Hexane 0.307% 0.307% 0.308% 3;3-DM-Hexane 0.007% 0.007% 0.007% 2;3;4-TM-Pentane 0.577% 0.577% 0.580% 2;3;3-TM-Pentane 0.577% 0.577% 0.580% Toluene 5.193% 5.193% 5.218% 2;3-DM-Hexane 0.272% 0.272% 0.273% 2M-Heptane 0.158% 0.158% 0.159% 4M-Heptane 0.061% 0.061% 0.061% 3M-Heptane 0.166% 0.166% 0.167% 1c;2t;3-TM-CycPentane 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% c-1;3-DM-CycHexane 0.031% 0.031% 0.031% t-1;4-DM-CycHexane 0.009% 0.009% 0.009% 2;2;5-TM-Hexane 0.208% 0.208% 0.209% 1-Octene 0.006% 0.006% 0.006% t-4-Octene 0.008% 0.008% 0.008% Octane 0.112% 0.112% 0.112% t-2-Octene 0.018% 0.018% 0.018% t-1;3-DM-CycHexane 0.005% 0.005% 0.005% c-2-Octene 0.005% 0.005% 0.005% 2;3;5-TM-Hexane 0.013% 0.013% 0.013% 2;4-DM-Heptane 0.008% 0.008% 0.008% 1c-2-DM-CycloHexane 0.006% 0.006% 0.006% E-CycHexane 0.024% 0.024% 0.024% 3;5-DM-Heptane 0.019% 0.019% 0.019%September 2008

C:\Documents and Settings\csmith\Local Settings\Temporary Intern et Files\OLKE\Speciation_Repor t_93008 final evaporative_PR.doc 

### B-9 Gas Species Original Wt % Zero Out Normalized Wt. % E-Benzene 0.651% 0.651% 0.654% 2;3-DM-Heptane 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% m&p-Xylene 1.670% 1.670% 1.679% 2M-Octane 0.043% 0.043% 0.044% 3M-Octane 0.060% 0.060% 0.060% Styrene 0.043% 0.043% 0.043% o-Xylene 0.535% 0.535% 0.538% 1-Nonene 0.033% 0.033% 0.033% Nonane 0.022% 0.022% 0.022% i-PropBenzene 0.036% 0.036% 0.037% 2;2-DM-Octane 0.028% 0.028% 0.028% 2;4-DM-Octane 0.046% 0.046% 0.046% n-PropBenzene 0.114% 0.114% 0.114% 1M-3E-Benzene 0.514% 0.514% 0.516% 1M-4E-Benzene 0.183% 0.183% 0.184% 1;3;5-TM-Benzene 0.209% 0.209% 0.210% 1E-2M-Benzene 0.151% 0.151% 0.151% 1;2;4-TM-Benzene 0.592% 0.592% 0.594% Decane 0.055% 0.055% 0.055% i-ButylBenzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% s-ButBenzene 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% 1M-3-i-PropBenzene 0.023% 0.023% 0.023% 1;2;3-TM-Benzene 0.105% 0.105% 0.105% 1M-4-i-PropBenzene 0.071% 0.071% 0.071% Indan 0.071% 0.071% 0.072% 1M-2-i-PropBenzene 0.018% 0.018% 0.018% 1;3-DE-Benzene 0.004% 0.004% 0.004% 1;4-DE-Benzene 0.022% 0.022% 0.022% 1M-3-n-PropBenzene 0.106% 0.106% 0.107% 1M-4-n-PropBenzene 0.133% 0.133% 0.134% 1;2-DE-Benzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1M-2-n-PropBenzene 0.049% 0.049% 0.050% 1;4-DM-2-E-Benzene 0.027% 0.027% 0.027% 1;3-DM-4-E-Benzene 0.024% 0.024% 0.024% 1;2-DM-4-E-Benzene 0.074% 0.074% 0.074% 1;3-DM-2-E-Benzene 0.019% 0.019% 0.019% Undecane 0.069% 0.069% 0.070% 1;2-DM-3-E-Benzene 0.015% 0.015% 0.015% 1;2;4;5-TetMBenzene 0.022% 0.022% 0.022% 2M-ButylBenzene 0.000% 0.000% 0.000% 1;2;3;5-TetMBenzene 0.085% 0.085% 0.086% tert-1B-2M-Benzene 0.048% 0.048% 0.048% 1;2;3;4-TetMBenzene 0.016% 0.016% 0.016% n-PentBenzene 0.050% 0.050% 0.050% tert-1B-3;5-DM-Ben z 0.002% 0.002% 0.003% Naphthalene 0.031% 0.031% 0.031% Dodecane 0.009% 0.009% 0.009%