EXHIBIT 12 

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WILEY ELECTRICAL AND

ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DICTIONARY

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By the same author

English-Spanish, Spanish-English Electrical and Computer

Engineering Dictionary, published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

WileysEnglish-Spanish, Spanish-English Business Dictionary

WileysEnglish-Spanish, Spanish-English Chemistry Dictionary

WileysEnglish-Spanish, Spanish-English Dictionary of

Psychology and Psychiatry

English-Spanish Legal Dictionary, Second Edition, published by

Aspen Publishers

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WILEY ELECTRICAL AND

ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DICTIONARY

Steven M. Kaplan

Lexicographer

+IEEE

IEEE PRESS

ffiWILEY-

~INTERSCIENCE

A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION

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Copyright © 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.

Published simultaneously in Canada.

No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by

any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted

under Section 107 or 108 ofthe 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written

permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the

Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923,978-750-8400, fax 978-646-

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to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-

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Limit ofLiability/Disclaimer ofWarranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in

preparing this book, they make no representation or warranties with respect to the accuracy or

completeness ofthe contents ofthis book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties ofI

merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales

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Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available.

Kaplan, Steven M.

Wiley Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dictionary

ISBN 978-0-471-40224-4

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PREFACE AND NOTES ON THE USE OF THIS

DICTIONARY

This dictionary has over 35,000 entries, each of which occupies a place in one or more of

the many areas of expertise encompassed by electrical and electronics engineering. All

available sources were consulted, seeking to ascertain the exact manners in which each

term is currently utilized. Textbooks, handbooks, treatises, instruction manuals, theses, articles, reports, Usenet postings, and so on, were researched during the process ofselecting

the terms and writing their definitions, with a good number of entries having multiple provided connotations.

The Internet was used extensively throughout this project, and if one or more persons or

entities used a given technical term in the areas covered by this dictionary, there is a decent

chance it was taken into consideration. If any given words or phrases were used frequently

by multiple people, in varied settings, and when referring to serious endeavors, there is a

pretty good chance it can be found in this dictionary. Even so, some terms that continue to

appear may not be found here. If a user feels that a given word or phrase not found in this

dictionary should be added to a future edition, or wishes to otherwise comment on this

book, an email maybesenttotheauthorat:wileyieee@yahoo.com.

There are no special rules for the use ofthis dictionary. The user simply looks up the desired term to find its definition, plus other practical information when appropriate. When

a word or phrase is the same as another, this is clearly stated so as to easily find the

definition.

This dictionary could not have been prepared without the contributions of George 1.

Telecki, Associate Publisher at John Wiley & Sons. He had the idea for this dictionary,

suggested the approach and format, and throughout the project provided inestimable support and guidance.

This dictionary has been prepared within the exquisite nature settings of Northwestern

Austria. Mr. Wolfgang GieBer is the person who determined that I should be allowed to

perform my work as an author in this wonderful country. I am tremendously grateful to

him for kindly providing me with the opportunity to live here.

Steven M. Kaplan

Austria, Europe

October, 2003

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