Plots and analysis shown here were generated from the EPA ultra-low sulfur gasoline 

study dataset, available at http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/moves/t2sulfur.htm

1
0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

<10

11-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-70

71-8081-90

91-100

101-110111-120121-130131-140141-150

Number of test vehicles

NMOG+NOx (mg/mi)

Test Fleet Emission Levels at Start 

of Mileage Accumulation (n=15)

low sulfur

high sulfur

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

<10

11-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-70

71-8081-90

91-100

101-110111-120121-130131-140141-150

Number of test vehicles

NMOG+NOx (mg/mi)

Test Fleet Emission Levels at End

of Mileage Accumulation (n=15)

low sulfur

high sulfur

Histogram showing vehicles completing 

the mileage accumulation portion of the 

program after at least 100 miles. Shows 

that two vehicles would pass a 30mg/mi 

standard with low sulfur fuel and one 

would pass with high sulfur fuel. Also 

notable here is the appearance of two 

vehicles moving to significantly higher 

emissions after mileage accumulation 

on the high sulfur fuel.

Histogram showing vehicles starting the 

mileage accumulation portion of the 

program. Shows two vehicles would pass 

a 30mg/mi standard at both low (5 ppm) 

and high (28 ppm) sulfur.

2

Tier 3/Bin 30 Tier 3/Bin 30
0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

<10

11-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-70

71-8081-90

91-100

101-110111-120121-130131-140141-150

Number of test vehicles

NMOG+NOx (mg/mi)

Test Fleet Emission Levels at Start and End

of Mileage Accumulation at High Sulfur (n=15) start end

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

<10

11-2021-3031-4041-5051-6061-70

71-8081-90

91-100

101-110111-120121-130131-140141-150

Number of test vehicles

NMOG+NOx (mg/mi)

Test Fleet Emission Levels at Start and End

of Mileage Accumulation at Low Sulfur (n=15) start end

Histogram showing vehicles operating on 

low sulfur (5 ppm) fuel at the start and 

end of accumulation of at least 100 

miles. Shows two vehicles would pass a 

30mg/mi standard at both the start and 

end of mileage accumulation. 

Histogram showing vehicles operating on 

high sulfur (28 ppm) fuel at the start and 

end of accumulation of at least 100 

miles. Shows two vehicles would pass a 

30mg/mi standard at the start of mileage 

accumulation and one would pass at the 

end. Also notable here is the 

appearance of two vehicles moving to 

significantly higher emissions after 

mileage accumulation.

3

Tier 3/Bin 30 Tier 3/Bin 30
Wtd NOx + NMOG (mg/mi)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

Miles Since Cleanout

0 100 200 300

Vehicle/Fuel CCOB_N511-0179_L CIMP_M509-0046_L CSIL_M505-0031_L DCAL_M502-0026_L DCAR_M508-0075_L

F150_N515-0007_L F500_M507-0148_L FEXP_M501-0023_L FFOC_N513-0178_L HODY_M503-0194_L

JLIB_N512-0107_L NALT_M506-0123_L SOUT_M504-0021_L TCOR_M500-0003_L TSIE_N510-0264_L

Tier 3/Bin 30

4

Showing data points by vehicle as used for the histograms (low sulfur). Low mileage points are generally averages of the first two tests and 

high mileage are the last two tests. Green boxes show emission performance that would meet a 30 mg/mi standard before and after

mileage accumulation as performed in the study. 
Wtd NOx + NMOG (mg/mi)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

Miles Since Cleanout

0 100 200 300

Vehicle/Fuel CCOB_N511-0179_H CIMP_M509-0046_H CSIL_M505-0031_H DCAL_M502-0026_H DCAR_M508-0075_H

F150_N515-0007_H F500_M507-0148_H FEXP_M501-0023_H FFOC_N513-0178_H HODY_M503-0194_H

JLIB_N512-0107_H NALT_M506-0123_H SOUT_M504-0021_H TCOR_M500-0003_H TSIE_N510-0264_H

Tier 3/Bin 30

5

Showing data points by vehicle as used for the histograms (high sulfur). Low mileage points are generally averages of the first two tests and 

high mileage are the last two tests. Green boxes show emission performance that would meet a 30 mg/mi standard before and after

mileage accumulation as performed in the study.