Opinion issued November 7, 2017

In The

Court of Appeal 

For The 

First District of Texas 

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NO. 01-16-00970-CV

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JULES WILLIAMS, Appellant

V.

MARVLYN JENNIFER WILLIAMS, Appellee

On Appeal from the 246th District Court

Harris County, Texas

Trial Court Case No. 2015-35489

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Jules Williams appeals from the final decree entered in his divorce from 

Marvlyn Jennifer Williams. We affirm.
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BACKGROUND

Jules sued Marvlyn for divorce, and Marvlyn countersued. The trial court 

subsequently entered a final divorce decree, from which Jules appeals.

DISCUSSION

In ten issues, Jules contends that the trial court erred in:

● issuing temporary orders, including one or more temporary restraining 

orders and temporary injunctions;

● denying him his constitutional right to a jury trial;

● failing to afford him appropriate relief as to opposing counsel’s alleged 

witness tampering;

● violating his right to free speech by admitting into evidence statements that 

Jules made on the internet;

● granting Marvlyn a divorce on grounds of adultery and cruelty, making her 

sole managing conservator of their children, and dividing their property 

based on insufficient evidence; and

● improperly awarding Marvlyn $10,700 in attorney’s fees.

I. Temporary orders

Jules contends that the trial court’s temporary orders improperly excluded him 

from his home, removed the children from his care, and deprived him of access to 

the children. These orders continued in force until the trial court entered the divorce 

decree. 

This court has jurisdiction to hear appeals from final judgments, not 

interlocutory orders, unless interlocutory appeal is authorized by statute. Qwest 

Commc’ns Corp. v. AT&T Corp., 24 S.W.3d 334, 336 (Tex. 2000) (per curiam). 
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Temporary restraining orders are not reviewable by appeal. In re Office of Att’y

Gen., 257 S.W.3d 695, 698 (Tex. 2008) (per curiam). Temporary injunctions 

ordinarily are reviewable by interlocutory appeal, TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE

§ 51.014(a)(4), but become moot once the trial court renders a final judgment. Isuani 

v. Manske-Sheffield Radiology Grp., 802 S.W.2d 235, 236 (Tex. 1991) (per curiam).

However, in cases involving the conservatorship of children and in divorce 

proceedings, temporary orders are not subject to interlocutory review, other than an 

order appointing a receiver. TEX. FAM. CODE §§ 6.507, 105.001(e). These 

temporary orders likewise become moot upon the entry of a final order or decree. 

Mauldin v. Clements, 428 S.W.3d 247, 261–62 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 

2014, no pet.). Accordingly, we lack jurisdiction to review challenges to the trial 

court’s temporary orders, and thus overrule Jules’s first, third, and eighth issues.

II. Lack of a reporter’s record

The appellate record was due on January 30, 2017. Jules failed to pay or make 

satisfactory arrangements to pay for the record. The clerk of the court notified Jules, 

who is not appealing as an indigent, that unless he filed proof of payment or 

satisfactory arrangement of payment by March 3, the court could consider and 

decide any issues for which a reporter’s record was unnecessary. After Jules failed 

to satisfy this deadline, the court notified him that it would decide those issues and 

ordered the parties to file their briefs. To date, a reporter’s record has not been filed 
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and Jules has filed neither proof of payment nor proof of satisfactory arrangement 

of payment for it.

The remainder of Jules’s challenges turn on the evidence introduced at trial or 

rulings made by the trial court. Jules contends that he did not waive trial by jury; 

Marvlyn responds that he did. Jules contends that Marvlyn’s counsel tampered with 

a witness by excusing that witness before the witness had testified and that the trial 

court failed to provide him with adequate relief from this misconduct; Marvlyn 

disputes Jules’s account. Jules contends that the trial court violated his free-speech 

rights by considering statements Jules made on the internet, but there is nothing in 

the record that demonstrates the substance of these statements and the trial court’s 

consideration of them at trial. Jules contends that the evidence is insufficient to 

support multiple aspects of the divorce decree; however, neither the witness 

testimony nor the trial exhibits are before us. Finally, Jules contends that the trial 

court’s fee award was improper, but the record does not contain any of the 

proceedings concerning attorney’s fees.

When the merits of an appellate issue depend on the evidence introduced at 

trial or the rulings made by the trial court, a reporter’s record of the relevant proof 

or challenged ruling is necessary; without the reporter’s record, the appellate court

cannot ascertain whether there was reversible error. See Curry v. Tex. Dep’t of Pub. 

Safety, 472 S.W.3d 346, 349–50 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2015, no pet.);
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Huston v. United Parcel Serv., 434 S.W.3d 630, 636–37 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st 

Dist.] 2014, pet. denied); Nicholson v. Fifth Third Bank, 226 S.W.3d 581, 583 (Tex. 

App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2007, no pet.). Jules was responsible for presenting a

record sufficient to show reversible error. Christiansen v. Prezelski, 782 S.W.2d 

842, 843 (Tex. 1990) (per curiam); Garcia v. Sasson, 516 S.W.3d 585, 590 (Tex. 

App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2017, no pet.). He failed to make the necessary 

arrangements to provide one; we hold that the lack of a record forecloses appellate 

review of his remaining challenges. See TEX. R. APP. P. 35.3(b)(3). 

CONCLUSION

We affirm the judgment of the trial court.

Jane Bland

Justice

Panel consists of Justices Jennings, Bland, and Brown.