COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA 

Present: Judges Benton, Coleman and Elder 

Argued at Richmond, Virginia 

ROSCOE CHITWOOD 

 OPINION BY 

v. Record No. 1566-98-2 JUDGE SAM W. COLEMAN III 

 APRIL 27, 1999 

E.I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, INC. 

 FROM THE VIRGINIA WORKERS’ COMPENSATION COMMISSION 

Peter McIntosh (Gary Kendall; Michie, 

Hamlett, Lowry, Rasmussen & Tweel, on brief), 

for appellant. 

Stephen D. Busch (Samuel L. Tarry, Jr.; 

McGuire, Woods, Battle & Boothe, on brief), 

for appellee. 

 In this workers’ compensation appeal, we determine whether 

the commission correctly allowed an employer credit for payments 

made for stage one asbestosis against an award for stage two 

asbestosis under Code § 65.2-503(B)(17)(b). For the following 

reasons, we find that the commission did not err; accordingly, 

we affirm. 

BACKGROUND

 In 1996, the Workers’ Compensation Commission found that 

Roscoe Chitwood suffered from second-stage asbestosis, a type of 

pneumoconiosis, and awarded him one hundred weeks of permanent, 

partial compensation benefits. After paying fifty weeks of 

benefits, the employer ceased payments because it had previously 
paid Chitwood fifty weeks of benefits for stage one asbestosis, 

pursuant to an award entered in 1986. Chitwood filed for 

additional benefits, claiming that benefits under Code 

§ 65.2-503(B)(17) are not progressive and that a stage two 

rating entitles a claimant to an additional one hundred weeks of 

benefits after having received fifty weeks of benefits for stage 

one. The commission ruled that employer was entitled to credit 

the previously paid fifty weeks of compensation benefits for 

stage one asbestosis against the one hundred weeks awarded for 

stage two. Chitwood appeals the commission’s decision. 

ANALYSIS

 “This Court is not bound by the legal determinations made 

by the commission. ‘[W]e must inquire to determine if the 

correct legal conclusion has been reached.’” Cibula v. Allied 

Fibers & Plastics, 14 Va. App. 319, 324, 416 S.E.2d 708, 711 

(1992) (quoting City of Norfolk v. Bennett, 205 Va. 877, 880, 

140 S.E.2d 655, 657 (1965)), aff’d, 245 Va. 337, 428 S.E.2d 905 

(1993). However, the commission’s construction of the Workers’ 

Compensation Act is “entitled to great weight on appeal.” 

Wiggins v. Fairfax Park, Ltd., 22 Va. App. 432, 441, 470 S.E.2d 

591, 596 (1996). 

 Code § 65.2-503 addresses, among other matters, permanent 

partial and permanent total loss arising from pneumoconiosis, 

“including but not limited to silicosis and asbestosis.” Code 

§ 65.2-503 contains no language specifically allowing employers 

- 2 -
to credit awards for first- or second-stage pneumoconiosis 

against subsequent awards for second- or third-stage 

pneumoconiosis. 

 The claimant asserts that because Code § 65.2-504(B), 

dealing with “black lung” benefits for coal miners’ 

pneumoconiosis, specifically authorizes credits for benefits an 

employer has paid for partial disability against later permanent 

disability lifetime benefits, the absence of a similar provision 

in Code § 65.2-503, dealing with asbestosis, demonstrates a 

legislative intent to not provide for credits under Code 

§ 65.2-503. We agree with the commission’s conclusion that Code 

§ 65.2-504, the Coal Miner’s Pneumoconiosis Act, has no 

applicability here and provides no basis for comparison. Code 

§ 65.2-504(B) was enacted pursuant to a federal mandate under 30 

U.S.C. 801 et seq., the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act 

of 1969, to enact a uniform federal program for coal miners 

afflicted with “black lung.” This statute must be construed 

according to its own language and is independent of Code 

§ 65.2-503. 

 Code § 65.2-503 is known as the “scheduled benefits” 

statute. It allows for benefits to be paid an injured employee 

according to a percentage of the average weekly wage for a 

specific “scheduled” number of weeks for the loss or loss of use 

of a body member regardless of the employee’s disability from 

work. Code § 65.2-503 further provides that for partial, 

- 3 -
permanent loss of a member, or partial, permanent loss of use of 

a member, or partial loss of vision, the commission may issue a 

correspondingly proportionate award. See Code § 65.2-503(D). 

Code § 65.2-503(B)(17) provides scheduled benefits for the 

various stages of pneumoconiosis, including silicosis and 

asbestosis. The three stages of pneumoconiosis listed in Code 

§ 65.2-503, and further defined in Rule 11 of the Rules of the 

Workers’ Compensation Commission, represent progressively more 

advanced stages of the disease. These defined levels permit 

partial and proportional compensation for varying degrees of 

disease in the same manner that Code § 65.2-503(D) permits 

proportional compensation for partial loss of use of a member or 

of vision. 

 In Owen v. The Chesapeake Corp., 198 Va. 440, 442, 94 

S.E.2d 462, 463 (1956), the Supreme Court interpreted Code 

§ 65.2-503 to provide that a claimant who sustained a 

progressive increase in his permanent loss of vision received 

additional benefits for only the increased loss. Additionally, 

the commission has interpreted Code § 65.2-503 to provide that 

an increased loss of use of a member results in benefits 

proportional only to the increased loss. See Mabe v. Lightning 

Transportation, Inc., VWC File No. 155-89-02 (July 3, 1996); 

Shank v. Rockingham Poultry Marketing Cooperative, Inc., VWC 

File No. 132-36-51 (Sept. 6, 1994); Rife v. Garden Creek 

Pocahontas Company, VWC File No. 140-11-39 (Aug. 11, 1992). 

- 4 -
Although not bound by the commission’s decisions, we give great 

weight to its interpretation of the Act. See Wiggins, 22 Va. 

App. at 441, 470 S.E.2d at 596. 

 We find no reason to decline to apply the proportional 

award provision in subsection (D) to scheduled benefits for the 

various progressive stages of pneumoconiosis. Therefore, we 

hold that Code § 65.2-503(B) contemplates that a claimant with 

pneumoconiosis be awarded compensation only in proportion to any 

increase in the severity of his or her disease. A claimant with 

first-stage pneumoconiosis receives an award of fifty weeks, and 

a claimant with second-stage pneumoconiosis receives one hundred 

weeks. The claimant already in receipt of a fifty-week award 

for pneumoconiosis who thereafter progresses to second-stage is 

entitled to an award only proportional to the degree in which 

the disease has advanced -- in other words, fifty weeks. Thus, 

an employer may credit awards for first- and second-stage 

pneumoconiosis against awards for second- and third-stage 

pneumoconiosis, respectively. To hold otherwise would create an 

irrational windfall for claimants whose diseases advance from an 

early finding of first-stage pneumoconiosis as opposed to 

claimants who are initially determined to suffer from second- or 

third-stage pneumoconiosis. 

 Accordingly, we affirm the commission’s decision. 

Affirmed.

- 5 -