Appendix D 

Cost Analysis – Basis for Calculations
D - 1 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents Page

A. Yard Truck Costs ................................................................................................... D-2 

B. Non Yard Truck Costs............................................................................................ D-4 

C. Reporting Costs ..................................................................................................... D-6 

Tables

Table 1. Yard Trucks: Number of Engines that Need to Comply 

and Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation........................................... D-3 

Table 2. Cost Assumptions for VDECS Purchase, installation, 

Maintenance and Replacement................................................................................... D-5 

Table 3. Number of Non Yard Truck Equipment that Need to 

Comply with the Proposed Regulation ........................................................................ D-7 

Table 4. Estimated Statewide Costs for Non Yard Truck Equipment ......................... D-8 

Table 5. Cranes: Number of Engines that Need to Comply 

and Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation........................................... D-9 

Table 6. Excavators: Number of Engines that Need to Comply 

and Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation......................................... D-10 

Table 7. Forklifts: Number of Engines that Need to Comply 

and Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation......................................... D-11 

Table 8. Container Handling Equipment: Number of Engines that 

Need to Comply and Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation .............. D-12 

Table 9. Sweeper/Scrubbers: Number of Engines that Need 

to Comply and Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation........................ D-13 

Table 10. Tractor/Loader/Backhoes: Number of Engines that 

Need to Comply and Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation .............. D-14 

Table 11. Summary of Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation........... D-15 
D - 2 

In this appendix, we describe and list the cost components for yard trucks and non yard 

truck equipment. Reporting costs for compliance with the record keeping and reporting 

requirements are covered separately from the equipment costs and are listed in 

Section C. 

A. Yard Truck Cost Estimates

There are two cost components associated with yard trucks: 

I. Incremental Costs Associated with Cleaner Engines: For yard trucks, this is the 

cost associated for purchasing yard trucks with on-road certified engines instead of 

off-road certified engines. We assumed an incremental cost differential of $1,500 

per yard truck. The total number of new yard trucks estimated in a calendar year 

includes growth in the fleet, replacement for natural turnover (attrition) and 

replacement for early retirement. It is assumed that this cost component will end in 

2011 after which new Tier IV off-road engines become a compliance option with no 

additional costs. 

II. Early Retirement: For yard trucks, this is the cost associated with accelerated 

turnover (early retirement) of a yard truck prior to replacing with a new yard truck 

equipped with a cleaner engine. The cost estimates for early equipment retirement 

are based on the remaining residual value of the old equipment using straight line 

depreciation. 

The cost estimates for yard trucks are shown in Table 1. This table includes the 

total population of yard trucks, the number and costs for yard trucks subjected to 

early retirement and the number and costs for yard trucks purchased with a cleaner 

on-road engine. 
D - 3 

Table 1. Yard Trucks: Number of Engines that Need to Comply and Estimated Statew

Costs for Proposed Regulation. 

Cost estimatesEarly Retirement-for strait line depriciationNew Cost $60,000 Used Cost $6,000Incremental cost for on-road certified engine

$1,500

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 

Port Yard Trucks Total Population 1989 2051 2115 2182 2250 2320 2393 2442 2493 2544 2596 2650 2704 2760 

Incremental Costs for on-road engine replancement

# of New Purchases 

(Note 1) 0 0 0 319 480 396 177 194 373 422 345 214 136 215 

Total Incremental Cost for on-road engine $0 $0 $0 $478,474 $719,653 $594,226 $266,207 $290,891

Tier 4 engines = no cost difference in 2012

Early Retirement-Depreciation

age Amount Depreciated 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 

0 $ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

54,000

1 $ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

49,500

2 $ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

45,000

3 $ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

40,500

4 $ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

36,000

5 $ 0 0 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

31,500

6 $ 0 0 0 7 86 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

27,000

7 $ 0 0 0 12 50 83 4 6 72 55 0 0 0 0 

22,500

8 $ 0 0 0 5 107 53 22 70 104 121 80 0 0 0 

18,000

9 $ 0 0 0 14 20 92 10 4 74 110 123 75 0 0 

13,500

10 $ 0 0 0 12 29 11 9 1 0 7 10 8 0 0 

9,000

11 $ 0 0 0 9 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

4,500

12 $ 0 0 0 12 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 

- Total # Early Retirements 0 0 0 81 312 250 45 82 250 294 214 83 0 0 

Early retirement costs $1,216,199 $5,948,725 $4,193,767 $698,472 $1,471,422 $4,493,298 $4,976,988 $3,201,918 $1,083,030 $0 $0 

Port Yard Truck Cost Total $1,694,673 $6,668,378 $4,787,993 $964,678 $1,762,313 $4,493,298 $4,976,988 $3,201,918 $1,083,030 $0 $0 

67

Rail Yard Trucks Total Population 288 306 326 346 368 392 417 448 481 517 556 597 642 690 

Incremental Costs for on-road engine replancement

# of New Purchases 

(Note 1) 0 0 0 54 62 58 61 97 110 96 88 95 110 117 

Incremental Cost for on-road engine $81,034 $93,564 $86,711 $91,290 $145,252

Tier 4 engines = no cost difference in 2012

Early Retirement-Depreciation

age Amount Depreciated 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 

0 $54,000 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1 $47,250 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 $40,500 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3 $33,750 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4 $27,000 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5 $20,250 0 0 0 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6 $13,500 0 0 0 0.8 10.7 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 7 $6,750 0 0 0 0.4 4.2 7.0 0.82 1.34 4.63 5.70 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 8 $0 0 0 0 0.2 1.8 2.1 0.87 6.37 10.40 3.72 4 0.0 0.0 0.0 

Total # Early Retirements 3 17 9 2 8 15 9 4 0 0 0 

Early retirement costs $43,042 $173,038 $47,486 $5,535 $9,033 $31,232 $38,446 $0 $0 $0 $0 

Rail Yard Truck Cost Total $124,077 $266,602 $134,197 $96,825 $154,285 $31,232 $38,446 $0 $0 $0 $0 

Early retirement costs $1,259,241 $6,121,763 $4,241,253 $704,006 $1,480,455 $4,524,531 $5,015,435 $3,201,918 $1,083,030 $0 $0 Incremental Cost for on-road engine $559,509 $813,217 $680,936 $357,497 $436,143 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 

Combined $1,818,750 $6,934,980 $4,922,189 $1,061,503 $1,916,598 $4,524,531 $5,015,435 $3,201,918 $1,083,030 $0 $0 

Note: # of new purchases includes new yard trucks added to the fleet due to growth and new yard trucks added due to repat the end of their life (not required by the regulation) and replacement for early retirement. 
D - 4 

B. Cost Estimates for Non Yard Truck Equipment-Cranes, Excavators, Forklifts, 

Container Handling Equipment, Sweeper/Scrubbers and

Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes

There are four cost components associated with these cargo handling equipment 

categories. Based on the proposed regulation, the applicability of each cost 

component may be different for specific categories. For compliance with the 

regulation, the applicable cost components have been estimated for each equipment 

category. 

I. VDECS for in-use equipment (Non-Yard Truck In-use Pre 2007 Model Year 

Phase-in Compliance Cost): This is capital investment and recurring costs for 

purchase and installation of VDECS on in-use pre-2007 MY engines, as 

required by the regulation. This cost component includes the capital cost for 

purchase and installation of VDECS, any additional fuel costs and the recurring 

yearly maintenance/replacement costs. Table 2 lists the percentage of 

equipment requiring retrofitting, the type of retrofit, average cost to purchase 

and install the retrofit device per piece of equipment, the cost of emulsified fuel, 

if required, and maintenance/replacement costs for DPF retrofitted equipment. 

The following calculation was used to determine the cost to retrofit in-use 

equipment: 

Cost = [(# of equipment to retrofit) x (% affected) x (average retrofit cost)] + 

[(# of engines requiring yearly maintenance/replacement) x (% affected) x 

(average maintenance/replacement per year)]+ [(# of engines requiring fuel 

costs) x (average fuel cost per year)] 

For cranes, it was assumed that 91 percent of pre-2007 cranes would require 

retrofit with an average cost of $17,520 per crane with a yearly 

maintenance/replacement cost of $3,020. The number of cranes affected is 

broken down into the number requiring retrofitting and the number requiring 

yearly maintenance/replacement (see Table 5). The number of equipment 

requiring DPF maintenance/replacement in a given calendar year is the sum of 

all equipment retrofitted between 2007 and the given calendar year. 

For forklifts, it was assumed that 100 percent of pre-2007 forklifts would require 

retrofit with an average of $6,000 per forklift with a yearly maintenance and 

replacement cost of $1,100. The number of forklifts affected is broken down 

into the number requiring retrofitting and the number requiring yearly 

maintenance/replacement (see Table 7). The number of equipment requiring 

DPF maintenance/replacement in a given calendar year is the sum of all 

equipment retrofitted between 2007 and the given calendar year. 

For container handling equipment, it was assumed that all pre-2003 equipment 

would be retrofitted with a DOC. The 2003 through 2006 model year container 

handling equipment is expected to use a Level 2 DOC/emulsified fuel system 
D - 5 

adding an additional fuel cost for emulsified diesel. Table 3 lists the number of 

container handling equipment that will use DOCs with emulsified fuel. Table 7 

lists the statewide costs for container handling equipment. 

For excavators, sweeper/scrubbers and tractor/loader/backhoe categories, it 

was assumed that 100 percent of pre-2007 equipment would require retrofit 

with a DOC, with an average of $2,269 per piece of equipment (see Tables 6, 9 

and 10). 

Table 2. Cost Assumptions for VDECS Purchase, installation, Maintenance and 

Replacement. 

Equipment Type % affected Control device 

Average 

Cost

Emulsified 

Fuel for Level 

2 DOC 

DPF 

Maintenance 

and 

replacement 

Crane 91% Passive DPF $17,520 $3,020 

Excavator 100.0% DOC $2,269 

Forklift 100.0% Active DPF $6,000 $1,100 

Container 

Handling Equip 100.0% 

DOC or 

DOC w/ Emulsified Diesel $2,269 $1,925 

Sweeper/Scrubber 100.0% DOC $2,269 

Tractor/Loader/ 

Backhoe 100.0% DOC $2,269 

II. Incremental Costs Associated with new engines with added VDECS: This is 

capital investment costs for purchase and installation of VDECS on new 2007 

and later MY engines. This cost component includes the capital cost for 

purchase and installation of VDECS as listed as the average cost in Table 2. 

The total number of new equipment estimated in a calendar year includes 

growth in the fleet, replacement for natural turnover (attrition) and replacement 

for early retirement. It is assumed that this cost component will end in 2012 

when new Tier IV off-road engines with no additional aftertreatment costs 

become a compliance option. 

III. Early Retirement: This includes the number of pieces requiring early retirement 

and the cost associated with accelerated turnover (early retirement) of an 

engine to a cleaner engine. The cost of early equipment retirement is the lost 

residual value of the old equipment based on straight line depreciation. 

IV. Early new engine replacement Costs (Repower): This cost component is 

associated with cranes only. It includes the cost of repowering with a new 

cleaner engine instead of replacing the piece of equipment. ARB staff 

assumed that engine repower was available for pre 1996 cranes if the crane 

was less than 21 years old in the phase-in calendar year. Cranes older than 
D - 6 

21 years would require replacement and newer engines would be retrofitted 

with a DPF. 

C. Reporting costs for compliance with the record keeping and reporting 

requirements

Reporting costs include expenditures for recordkeeping and reporting. Reporting 

costs for compliance with the record keeping and reporting requirements in the 

proposed regulation was assumed to be $10,000 for initial implementation of a 

record keeping system, in 2007, and $500 per terminal or business per year in 

subsequent years (2008-2020). Reporting costs are listed in Table 11. 
D - 7 

Table 3. Number of Non Yard Truck Equipment that Need to Comply with the 

Proposed Regulation. 

Port 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Equipment

Crane 2.3 12.5 24.7 70.7 72.9 66.8 37.8 0.0 0.0

Excavator 0.0 0.3 3.0 5.4 5.0 4.6 2.5 0.0 0.0

Forklift 0.0 2.5 24.7 94.6 91.1 85.8 57.9 0.0 0.0

Material Handling Equip 0.0 4.2 52.9 102.6 93.4 85.6 52.7 0.0 0.0 57.23 55.85 54.26 52.67 0.00

Other General Industrial Equip 0.0 0.4 0.2 1.0 4.2 7.0 4.3 0.0 0.0

Sweeper/Scrubber 0.0 0.3 2.9 6.0 5.6 5.2 3.2 0.0 0.0

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 0.0 0.5 14.7 19.9 16.5 13.2 6.1 0.0 0.0

Port Total: 2.3 20.7 123.0 300.2 288.7 268.2 164.5 0.0 0.0 57.23 55.85 54.26 52.67 0.00

Rail

Crane 0.0 1.2 4.4 14.9 15.4 14.4 7.9 0.0 0.0

Forklift 0.0 1.0 2.4 4.1 4.0 3.9 1.4 0.0 0.0

Material Handling Equip 0.0 1.1 2.3 4.8 4.5 4.2 2.7 0.0 0.0 2.89 2.83 2.77 2.72 0.00

Other General Industrial Equip 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.0 0.0

Sweeper/Scrubber 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

Rail Total: 0.0 3.4 9.2 24.4 24.8 23.8 13.0 0.0 0.0

Port & Rail Total: 2.3 24.0 132.2 324.6 313.4 292.1 177.5 0.0 0.0 2.89 2.83 2.77 2.72 0.00

Port 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Equipment

Crane 27 28 29 33 14

Excavator 2 2 2 2 2

Forklift 37 34 27 27 27

Material Handling Equip 66 68 74 84 68

Other General Industrial Equip 5 6 6 6 5

Sweeper/Scrubber 4 4 4 4 3

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 10 12 14 15 24

Port Total: 152 154 157 171 143

Rail

Crane 10 10 9 9 7

Forklift 1 3 3 2 2

Material Handling Equip 4 7 6 5 5

Other General Industrial Equip 1 1 1 1 1

Sweeper/Scrubber 0 0 0 0 0

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 0 0 0 0 0

Rail Total: 17 21 19 18 15

Port & Rail Total: 169 175 176 188 158

Port 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Equipment

Crane 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.6 0.0

Excavator 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0

Forklift 0.0 2.5 0.8 0.1 0.0

Material Handling Equip 0.0 4.2 1.8 0.4 0.0

Other General Industrial Equip 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0

Sweeper/Scrubber 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0

Yard Tractor

Port Total: 1.1 9.0 4.1 1.4 0.0

Rail

Crane 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Forklift 0.0 1.0 0.6 0.2 0.0

Material Handling Equip 0.0 1.1 0.4 0.1 0.0

Other General Industrial Equip 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Sweeper/Scrubber 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Yard Tractor

Rail Total: 0.0 2.2 1.0 0.3 0.0

Port & Rail Total: 1.1 11.2 5.1 1.7 0.0

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Equipment

Crane 1.2 11.4 8.8 6.7 4.3

Excavator

Forklift

Material Handling Equip

Other General Industrial Equip

Sweeper/Scrubber

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 

Yard Tractor

Port Total: 1.2 11.4 8.8 6.7 4.3

Crane 0.0 1.2 0.6 0.2 0.0

Forklift

Material Handling Equip

Other General Industrial Equip

Sweeper/Scrubber

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 

Yard Tractor

Rail Total: 0.0 1.2 0.6 0.2 0.0

Port & Rail Total: 1.2 12.6 9.5 6.8 4.3

Number of equipment subject to Early retirement

Number of equipment subject to Early engine repower

In-Use pre-2007 Phase in Compliance Counts Model year 2003 to 2006 Tier 2 & 3 engines

New (2007+) Purchase Counts

Cargo Handling equipment using DOC/Emulsifed Fuel (Phase in starting 

2010)

Tier 4 engines=no cost differential after 2011

Note: # of new purchases includes new equipment added to the fleet due to growth, added due to 

replacement of equipment at the end of their life (not required by the regulation) and replacement for early 

retirement. 
D - 8 

Table 4. Estimated Statewide Costs for Non Yard Truck Equipment. 

Port 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Equipment

Crane $ 240,145 44,021 $ 503,564 $ 1,433,699 $ 1,669,441 $ 1,756,177 $ 1,396,157 $ 792,553 $ 792,553 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 

Excavator $ 690 - $ 6,727 $ 12,228 $ 11,300 $ 10,420 $ 5,773 $ - $ 1,086,971 $ 

Forklift $ 17,124 - $ 171,578 $ 671,068 $ 727,523 $ 769,044 $ 650,304 $ 303,132 $ 303,132 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 

Material Handling Equip $ 9,503 - $ 120,075 $ 343,049 $ 429,689 $ 516,350 $ 543,034 $ 423,533 $ 2,134,138 $ 423,532.59 $ 423,532.59 $ 423,532.59 $ 423,532.59 $ 423,532.59 $ 

Other General Industrial Equip $ 887 - $ 394 $ 2,254 $ 9,563 $ 15,823 $ 9,782 $ - $ - $ 

Sweeper/Scrubber $ 665 - $ 6,487 $ 13,692 $ 12,732 $ 11,868 $ 7,336 $ - $ 210,910 $ 

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe $ 1,160 - $ 33,265 $ 45,119 $ 37,364 $ 29,989 $ 13,854 $ - $ 650,386 $ 

Port Total: $ 44,021 $ 270,175 $ 842,090 $ 2,521,111 $ 2,897,613 $ 3,109,671 $ 2,626,239 $ 1,519,217 $ 5,178,088 $ 1,519,217.25 $ 1,519,217.25 $ 1,519,217.25 $ 1,519,217.25 $ 1,519,217.25

Rail

Crane $ 21,931 - $ 85,511 $ 294,949 $ 344,195 $ 368,748 $ 287,177 $ 160,313 $ 160,313 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 

Forklift $ 7,175 - $ 17,330 $ 31,299 $ 33,913 $ 36,247 $ 22,686 $ 14,318 $ 14,318 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 

Material Handling Equip $ 2,568 - $ 5,128 $ 10,832 $ 10,133 $ 9,630 $ 6,170 $ - $ 1,950,325 $ 

Other General Industrial Equip $ 38 - $ 15 $ 217 $ 1,069 $ 1,984 $ 1,394 $ - $ - $ 

Sweeper/Scrubber $ 10 - $ 204 $ 567 $ 532 $ 496 $ 348 $ - $ 9,171 $ 

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe $ 10 - $ 204 $ 567 $ 532 $ 496 $ 348 $ - $ 13,247 $ 

Rail Total: $ 31,731 - $ 108,393 $ 338,432 $ 390,374 $ 417,600 $ 318,125 $ 174,631 $ 2,147,374 $ 174,630.67 $ 174,630.67 $ 174,630.67 $ 174,630.67 $ 174,630.67 $ 

Port & Rail Total: $ 301,907 44,021 $ 950,483 $ 2,859,543 $ 3,287,987 $ 3,527,271 $ 2,944,364 $ 1,693,848 $ 7,325,462 $ 1,693,847.91 $ 1,693,847.91 $ 1,693,847.91 $ 1,693,847.91 $ 1,693,847.91 $ 

Port 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Equipment

Crane $ 442,659 430,677 $ 470,618 $ 519,933 $ 226,784 $ 

Excavator $ 4,834 4,791 $ 4,276 $ 4,322 $ 4,606 $ 

Forklift $ 205,259 224,202 $ 164,021 $ 164,461 $ 162,932 $ 

Material Handling Equip $ 154,361 150,604 $ 168,720 $ 189,672 $ 153,228 $ 

Other General Industrial Equip $ 12,894 12,304 $ 12,752 $ 13,481 $ 10,545 $ 

Sweeper/Scrubber $ 9,671 9,228 $ 9,564 $ 10,110 $ 7,909 $ 

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe $ 27,745 22,624 $ 31,901 $ 34,075 $ 53,487 $ 

Port Total: $ 857,422 854,428 $ 861,852 $ 936,054 $ 619,491 $ 

Rail

Crane $ 158,589 165,493 $ 143,984 $ 149,849 $ 106,421 $ 

Forklift $ 18,094 8,327 $ 20,204 $ 14,797 $ 13,588 $ 

Material Handling Equip $ 15,868 10,090 $ 13,290 $ 10,821 $ 11,297 $ 

Other General Industrial Equip $ 1,261 1,196 $ 1,348 $ 1,460 $ 1,858 $ 

Sweeper/Scrubber $ 303 299 $ 335 $ 364 $ 470 $ 

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe $ 303 299 $ 335 $ 364 $ 470 $ 

Rail Total: $ 194,418 185,703 $ 179,495 $ 177,654 $ 134,103 $ 

Port & Rail Total: $ 1,051,840 1,040,132 $ 1,041,347 $ 1,113,709 $ 753,594 $ 

Port 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Equipment

Crane $ 127,976 133,971 $ 116,262 $ 84,724 $ - $ 

Excavator $ 10,698 - $ 2,382 $ 260 $ - $ 

Forklift

Material Handling Equip $ 161,001 - $ 33,165 $ 4,045 $ - $ 

Other General Industrial Equip $ - - $ - $ - $ - $ 

Sweeper/Scrubber $ 1,547 - $ 345 $ 38 $ - $ 

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe $ 6,229 - $ 1,535 $ 315 $ - $ 

Port Total: $ 307,450 133,971 $ 153,689 $ 89,382 $ - $ 

Rail

Crane $ - - $ - $ - $ - $ 

Forklift

Material Handling Equip $ 70,864 - $ 23,888 $ 4,502 $ - $ 

Other General Industrial Equip $ - - $ - $ - $ - $ 

Sweeper/Scrubber $ 25 - $ 6 $ 1 $ - $ 

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe $ 37 - $ 9 $ 1 $ - $ 

Rail Total: $ 70,926 - $ 23,903 $ 4,504 $ - $ 

Port & Rail Total: $ 378,376 133,971 $ 177,591 $ 93,886 $ - $ 

Port 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Equipment

Crane $ 456,633 48,780 $ 353,901 $ 266,132 $ 172,933 $ 

Excavator

Forklift

Material Handling Equip

Other General Industrial Equip $ - - $ - $ - $ - $ 

Sweeper/Scrubber

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 

Port Total: $ 456,633 48,780 $ 353,901 $ 266,132 $ 172,933 $ 

Rail

Crane $ 46,808 - $ 25,591 $ 7,731 $ - $ 

Forklift

Material Handling Equip

Other General Industrial Equip $ - - $ - $ - $ - $ 

Sweeper/Scrubber

Tractor/Loader/Backhoe 

Rail Total: $ 46,808 - $ 25,591 $ 7,731 $ - $ 

Port & Rail Total: $ 48,780 $ 503,441 $ 379,492 $ 273,863 $ 172,933

Early retirement residual Costs difference

Early new engine replacement Costs 

In-Use pre-2007 Phase in Compliance Costs

New (2007+) Purchase Costs difference Tier 4 engines = no cost difference
D - 9 

Table 5. Cranes: Number of Engines that Need to Comply and Estimated State

Costs for Proposed Regulation. 

Cranes

Year 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2

Total Population 390 412 436 462 464 479 496 508 521 537 5

In-Use pre-2007 Phase in Compliance Costs (VDECS in-use equipment pre 2007)

Port # of IU equip retrofit 2.35 12.47 24.69 70.69 72.88 66.79 37.76 0.00 0.00 0.00 0

Port # of IU equip maint 2.35 14.82 39.51 110.20 183.08 249.87 287.63 287.63 287.63 287.63 28

Port Cost 44,021.06 $ 240,145.20 $ 503,564.04 $ 1,433,699.43 $ 1,669,441.25 $ 1,756,177.36 $ 1,396,157.11 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792

$ 

Rail # of IU equip retrofit 0.00 1.17 4.39 14.92 15.35 14.41 7.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 0Rail # of IU equip maint 0.00 1.17 5.56 20.48 35.84 50.24 58.18 58.18 58.18 58.18 5Rail Cost - $ 21,930.57 $ 85,511.12 $ 294,949.16 $ 344,195.24 $ 368,748.27 $ 287,177.47 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160

$ 

New (2007+) Purchase Costs difference (VDECs New 2007+ Equipment)

Port # of new equip retrofit 26.94 27.69 29.44 32.53 14.19

Port Cost 430,676.73 $ 442,658.72 $ 470,618.16 $ 519,933.25 $ 226,784.23 $ Tier 4 engines = no cost difference

Rail # of new equip retrofit 10.35 9.92 9.01 9.37 6.66Rail Cost 165,492.65 $ 158,588.52 $ 143,983.54 $ 149,848.75 $ 106,420.77 $ Tier 4 engines = no cost difference

Early retirement residual Costs difference

Port # of equip 1.13 1.05 0.95 0.63Port Cost 133,971.04 $ 127,975.61 $ 116,262.12 $ 84,723.95 $ 

Rail # of equip 0 0 0 0Rail Cost - $ - $ - $ - $ 

Early new engine replacement Costs 

Port # of equip 1.22 11.42 8.85 6.65 4.32Port Cost 48,780.49 $ 456,633.40 $ 353,901.03 $ 266,132.14 $ 172,932.81 $ 

Rail # of equip 0.00 1.17 0.64 0.19 0.00Rail Cost - $ 46,807.99 $ 25,591.17 $ 7,730.82 $ - $ 

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 

Port 657,449.32 $ 1,267,412.94 $ 1,444,345.34 $ 2,304,488.76 $ 2,069,158.29 $ 1,756,177.36 $ 1,396,157.11 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792

$ 

Rail 165,492.65 $ 227,327.07 $ 255,085.84 $ 452,528.73 $ 450,616.01 $ 368,748.27 $ 287,177.47 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160

$ 

Total 822,941.97 $ 1,494,740.01 $ 1,699,431.18 $ 2,757,017.49 $ 2,519,774.30 $ 2,124,925.62 $ 1,683,334.58 $ 952,865.24 $ 952,865.24 $ 952,865.24 $ 952

$ 

Note: # of new equipment for retrofits includes new equipment added to the fleet due to growth, added due to replaceme

required by the regulation) and replacement for early retirement. 
D - 10 

Table 6. Excavators: Number of Engines that Need to Comply and Estimated Statewide Costs fo

Excavator

Equipment 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 201

Total Population 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 

In-Use pre-2007 Phase in Compliance Costs (VDECS in-use equipment pre 2007)

Port # of IU equip retrofit 0.00 0.30 2.96 5.39 4.98 4.59 2.54 0.00 12.31 Port Cost - $ 690.10 $ 6,727.20 $ 12,228.41 $ 11,300.14 $ 10,419.77 $ 5,772.57 $ - $ 1,086,970.63 $ 

$ 

Rail # of IU equip retrofit 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 

$ 

Rail Cost - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 

New (2007+) Purchase Costs difference (VDECs New 2007+ Equipment) Tier 4 engines = no cost difference

Port # of equip 2.11 2.13 1.88 1.90 2.03Port Cost 4,790.61 $ 4,833.53 $ 4,275.79 $ 4,322.29 $ 4,605.65 $ 

Rail # of equipRail Cost

Early retirement residual Costs difference

Port # of equip 0.00 0.30 0.14 0.04Port Cost - $ 10,698.21 $ 2,382.00 $ 260.43 $ 

Rail # of equipRail Cost

Early new engine replacement Costs No early new engine replacement costs

Port 4,790.61 $ 16,221.84 $ 13,384.99 $ 16,811.12 $ 15,905.79 $ 10,419.77 $ 5,772.57 $ - $ 1,086,970.63 $ 

$ 

Rail - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 

$ 

Total 4,790.61 $ 16,221.84 $ 13,384.99 $ 16,811.12 $ 15,905.79 $ 10,419.77 $ 5,772.57 $ - $ 1,086,970.63 $ 

$ 

Note: # of new equipment for VDECs includes new equipment added to the fleet due to growth, added due to replaceme

required by the regulation) and replacement for early retirement. 
D - 11 

Table 7. Forklifts: Number of Engines that Need to Comply and Estimated State

Costs for Proposed Regulation. 

Forklift

Equipment 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20

Total Population 496 507 519 530 537 545 552 559 567 575 5

In-Use pre-2007 Phase in Compliance Costs (VDECS in-use equipment pre 2007)

Port # of IU equip retrofit 0.00 2.50 24.74 94.59 91.09 85.85 57.86 0.00 0.00 0.00 0

Port # of IU equip maint 0.00 2.50 27.24 121.82 212.91 298.76 356.63 356.63 356.63 356.63 356Port Cost - $ 17,124.25 $ 171,577.56 $ 671,068.37 $ 727,523.25 $ 769,043.96 $ 650,303.60 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,

$ 

Rail # of IU equip retrofit 0.00 1.05 2.40 4.14 4.01 3.85 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.00 0Rail # of IU equip maint 0.00 1.05 3.45 7.59 11.60 15.45 16.84 16.84 16.84 16.84 16Rail Cost - $ 7,175.22 $ 17,329.79 $ 31,298.71 $ 33,912.54 $ 36,246.62 $ 22,686.17 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,

$ 

New (2007+) Purchase Costs difference (VDECs New 2007+ Equipment) Tier 4 engines = no cost difference after 2011

Port # of new equip retrofit 37.37 34.21 27.34 27.41 27.16Port Cost 224,201.71 $ 205,258.76 $ 164,021.16 $ 164,461.02 $ 162,932.11 $ 

Rail # of new equip retrofit 1.39 3.02 3.37 2.47 2.26Rail Cost 8,327.37 $ 18,094.48 $ 20,203.67 $ 14,797.19 $ 13,587.89 $ 

Early retirement residual Costs differenceNo Early Retirement CostsEarly new engine replacement Costs No New Engine Replacement Costs

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 

Port 224,201.71 $ 222,383.01 $ 335,598.72 $ 835,529.39 $ 890,455.37 $ 769,043.96 $ 650,303.60 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,

$ 

Rail 8,327.37 $ 25,269.70 $ 37,533.46 $ 46,095.91 $ 47,500.43 $ 36,246.62 $ 22,686.17 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,

$ 

total 232,529.08 $ 247,652.72 $ 373,132.17 $ 881,625.30 $ 937,955.79 $ 805,290.58 $ 672,989.76 $ 317,450.08 $ 317,450.08 $ 317,450.08 $ 317,

$ 
D - 12 

Table 8. Container Handling Equipment: Number of Engines that Need to Comply and 

Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation. 

Cargo Handling Eq

Equipment 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20

Total Population 599 642 688 737 768 800 833 868 904 942 9

In-Use pre-2007 Phase in Compliance Costs (VDECS in-use equipment pre 2007)

Port # of IU equip retrofit 0.00 4.19 52.92 102.64 93.43 85.59 52.67 0.00 39.08 0.00 0

Port # of IU equip maint 57.23 113.08 167.34 220.01 220.01 220.01 220.01 22Port Cost - $ 9,503.41 $ 120,075.00 $ 343,049.04 $ 429,689.07 $ 516,349.97 $ 543,033.61 $ 423,532.59 $ 2,134,137.55 $ 423,532.59 $ 423

$ 

Rail # of IU equip retrofit 0.00 1.13 2.26 4.77 4.47 4.24 2.72 0.00 14.16Rail assume no emulsifed at railRail Cost - $ 2,568.01 $ 5,128.49 $ 10,832.01 $ 10,132.69 $ 9,629.83 $ 6,170.32 $ - $ 1,950,325.46 $ 

New (2007+) Purchase Costs difference (VDECs New 2007+ Equipment) Tier 4 engines = no cost difference

Port # of new equip retrofit 66.37 68.03 74.36 83.59 67.53Port Cost 150,603.57 $ 154,361.39 $ 168,719.91 $ 189,671.68 $ 153,228.20 $ 

Rail # of new equip retrofit 4.45 6.99 5.86 4.77 4.98Rail Cost 10,090.04 $ 15,868.22 $ 13,289.92 $ 10,820.88 $ 11,296.67 $ 

Early retirement residual Costs difference

Port # of equip 0.00 4.19 1.85 0.44 0.00Port Cost - $ 161,000.64 $ 33,165.13 $ 4,044.62 $ - $ 

Rail # of equip 0.00 1.13 0.45 0.14 0.00Rail Cost - $ 70,864.03 $ 23,887.73 $ 4,501.54 $ - $ 

Early new engine replacement Costs 

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 

Port 150,603.57 $ 324,865.44 $ 321,960.05 $ 536,765.34 $ 582,917.27 $ 516,349.97 $ 543,033.61 $ 423,532.59 $ 2,134,137.55 $ 423,532.59 $ 423

$ 

Rail 10,090.04 $ 89,300.26 $ 42,306.14 $ 26,154.42 $ 21,429.37 $ 9,629.83 $ 6,170.32 $ - $ 1,950,325.46 $ - $ 

$ 

total 160,693.62 $ 414,165.70 $ 364,266.18 $ 562,919.76 $ 604,346.64 $ 525,979.79 $ 549,203.93 $ 423,532.59 $ 4,084,463.00 $ 423,532.59 $ 423

$ 

Note: # of new equipment for VDECs includes new equipment added to the fleet due to growth, added due to replaceme

required by the regulation) and replacement for early retirement. 
D - 13 

Table 9. Sweeper/Scrubbers: Number of Engines that Need to Comply 

and Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation. 

Sweepers and Scrubbers

Equipment 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 

Total Population 34 37 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 

In-Use pre-2007 Phase in Compliance Costs (VDECS in-use equipment pre 2007)

Port # of IU equip retrofit 0.00 0.29 2.86 6.03 5.61 5.23 3.23 0.00 14.80 0.00 

Port Cost - $ 665.45 $ 6,486.95 $ 13,692.47 $ 12,731.83 $ 11,867.59 $ 7,336.31 $ - $ 210,909.63 $ - $ 

Rail # of IU equip retrofit 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.25 0.23 0.22 0.15 0.00 0.66 0.00 Rail Cost - $ 9.58 $ 204.30 $ 567.19 $ 532.20 $ 495.89 $ 348.47 $ - $ 9,170.95 $ - $ 

New (2007+) Purchase Costs difference (VDECs New 2007+ Equipment) Tier 4 engines = no cost difference

Port # of equip 4.07 4.26 4.22 4.46 3.49Port Cost 9,227.65 $ 9,670.69 $ 9,564.12 $ 10,110.45 $ 7,908.85 $ 

Rail # of equip 0.13 0.13 0.15 0.16 0.21Rail Cost 298.90 $ 302.54 $ 334.76 $ 363.90 $ 470.07 $ 

Early retirement residual Costs difference

Port # of equip 0.00 0.29 0.13 0.04Port Cost - $ 1,547.42 $ 344.54 $ 37.67 $ 

Rail # of equip 0.00 0.004 0.002 0.001Rail Cost 0.00 25.35 6.12 0.92

Early new engine replacement Costs 

Port 9,227.65 $ 11,883.56 $ 16,395.61 $ 23,840.60 $ 20,640.69 $ 11,867.59 $ 7,336.31 $ - $ 210,909.63 $ - $ 

rail 298.90 $ 337.47 $ 545.18 $ 932.01 $ 1,002.27 $ 495.89 $ 348.47 $ - $ 9,170.95 $ - $ 

total 9,526.55 $ 12,221.03 $ 16,940.79 $ 24,772.60 $ 21,642.95 $ 12,363.48 $ 7,684.78 $ - $ 220,080.58 $ - $ 

Note: # of new equipment for VDECs includes new equipment added to the fleet due to growth, added due to replaceme

required by the regulation) and replacement for early retirement. 
D - 14 

Table 10. Tractor/Loader/Backhoes: Number of Engines that Need to Comp

and Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation. 

Tractors, Loaders and Backhoes

Equipment 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 

Total Population 107 114 123 131 141 146 152 158 164 171 

In-Use pre-2007 Phase in Compliance Costs (VDECS in-use equipment pre 2007)

Port # of equip retrofit 0.00 0.51 14.66 19.88 16.47 13.22 6.11 0.00 28.82 0.00 

Port # of equip maintPort Cost - $ 1,159.60 $ 33,265.33 $ 45,118.88 $ 37,364.30 $ 29,988.66 $ 13,854.44 $ - $ 650,385.93 $ - $ 

Rail # of equip retrofit 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.25 0.23 0.22 0.15 0.00 0.66 0.00 Rail # of equip maintRail Cost - $ 9.58 $ 204.30 $ 567.19 $ 532.20 $ 495.89 $ 348.47 $ - $ 13,246.93 $ - $ 

New (2007+) Purchase Costs difference (VDECs New 2007+ Equipment) Tier 4 engines = no cost difference

Port # of equip 9.97 12.23 14.06 15.02 23.57Port Cost 22,624.23 $ 27,744.65 $ 31,900.56 $ 34,074.96 $ 53,486.99 $ 

Rail # of equip 0.13 0.13 0.15 0.16 0.21Rail Cost 298.90 $ 302.54 $ 334.76 $ 363.90 $ 470.07 $ 

Early retirement residual Costs difference

Port # of equip 0.00 0.51 0.19 0.08Port Cost - $ 6,228.55 $ 1,534.72 $ 315.16 $ 

Rail # of equip 0.000 0.004 0.002 0.001Rail Cost - $ 36.62 $ 8.84 $ 1.33 $ 

Early new engine replacement Costs 

Port 22,624.23 $ 35,132.80 $ 66,700.60 $ 79,509.01 $ 90,851.29 $ 29,988.66 $ 13,854.44 $ - $ 650,385.93 $ - $ 

rail 298.90 $ 348.74 $ 547.90 $ 932.41 $ 1,002.27 $ 495.89 $ 348.47 $ - $ 13,246.93 $ - $ 

total 22,923.14 $ 35,481.54 $ 67,248.51 $ 80,441.42 $ 91,853.56 $ 30,484.55 $ 14,202.90 $ - $ 663,632.87 $ - $ 

Note: # of new equipment for VDECs includes new equipment added to the fleet due to growth, added due to replaceme

required by the regulation) and replacement for early retirement. 
D - 15 

Table 11. Summary of Estimated Statewide Costs for Proposed Regulation Including Re

Reporting Cost $ 60,000.00 1,200,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 60,000.00 $ 

Total Cost

Port 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 

2004 Counts Equipment

248 Crane $ 1,267,412.94 657,449.32 $ 1,444,345.34 $ 2,304,488.76 $ 2,069,158.29 $ 1,756,177.36 $ 1,396,157.11 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 792,552.69 $ 

28 Excavator $ 16,221.84 4,790.61 $ 13,384.99 $ 16,811.12 $ 15,905.79 $ 10,419.77 $ 5,772.57 $ - $ 1,086,970.63 $ - $ - $ - $ 

441 Forklift $ 222,383.01 224,201.71 $ 335,598.72 $ 835,529.39 $ 890,455.37 $ 769,043.96 $ 650,303.60 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 303,131.97 $ 461 Material Handling Equip $ 324,865.44 150,603.57 $ 321,960.05 $ 536,765.34 $ 582,917.27 $ 516,349.97 $ 543,033.61 $ 423,532.59 $ 2,134,137.55 $ 423,532.59 $ 423,532.59 $ 423,532.59 $ 

27 Sweeper/Scrubber $ 11,883.56 9,227.65 $ 16,395.61 $ 23,840.60 $ 20,640.69 $ 11,867.59 $ 7,336.31 $ - $ 210,909.63 $ - $ - $ - $ 92 Tractor/Loader/Backhoe $ 35,132.80 22,624.23 $ 66,700.60 $ 79,509.01 $ 90,851.29 $ 29,988.66 $ 13,854.44 $ - $ 650,385.93 $ - $ - $ - $ 

1989 Yard Tractor $ 6,668,378.13 1,694,672.87 $ 4,787,992.60 $ 964,678.31 $ 1,762,313.26 $ 4,500,233.82 $ 4,976,988.45 $ 3,201,917.85 $ 1,083,030.27 $ - $ - $ - $ 3286 Port Total: $ 8,546,277.72 2,763,569.97 $ 6,986,377.92 $ 4,761,622.53 $ 5,432,241.96 $ 7,594,081.12 $ 7,593,446.08 $ 4,721,135.10 $ 6,261,118.67 $ 1,519,217.25 $ 1,519,217.25 $ 1,519,217.25 $ 

Rail

73 Crane $ 227,327.07 165,492.65 $ 255,085.84 $ 452,528.73 $ 450,616.01 $ 368,748.27 $ 287,177.47 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 160,312.55 $ 23 Forklift $ 25,269.70 8,327.37 $ 37,533.46 $ 46,095.91 $ 47,500.43 $ 36,246.62 $ 22,686.17 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 14,318.11 $ 26 Material Handling Equip $ 89,300.26 10,090.04 $ 42,306.14 $ 26,154.42 $ 21,429.37 $ 9,629.83 $ 6,170.32 $ - $ 1,950,325.46 $ - $ - $ - $ 

1 Sweeper/Scrubber $ 337.47 298.90 $ 545.18 $ 932.01 $ 1,002.27 $ 495.89 $ 348.47 $ - $ 9,170.95 $ - $ - $ - $ 1 Tractor/Loader/Backhoe $ 348.74 298.90 $ 547.90 $ 932.41 $ 1,002.27 $ 495.89 $ 348.47 $ - $ 13,246.93 $ - $ - $ - $ 

288 Yard Tractor $ 266,601.99 124,076.82 $ 134,196.54 $ 96,825.03 $ 154,284.88 $ 31,232.42 $ 38,446.34 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 412 Rail Total: $ 609,185.24 308,584.69 $ 470,215.05 $ 623,468.51 $ 675,835.22 $ 446,848.92 $ 355,177.23 $ 174,630.67 $ 2,147,374.01 $ 174,630.67 $ 174,630.67 $ 174,630.67 $ 

Reporting, Port & Rail Total: $ 4,272,154.66 $ 9,215,462.97 $ 7,516,592.97 $ 5,445,091.05 $ 6,168,077.18 $ 8,100,930.04 $ 8,008,623.31 $ 4,955,765.76 $ 8,468,492.68 $ 1,753,847.91 $ 1,753,847.91 $ 1,753,847.91