Page 1 of 51

OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY

AND POLLUTION PREVENTION

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

May 29, 2014

PC Code: 078906

MEMORANDUM DP Barcode: D417911

SUBJECT: Registration Review: Preliminary Problem Formulation for Environmental Fate, 

Ecological Risk, Endangered Species, and Human Health Drinking Water Exposure 

Assessments for Bispyribac-Sodium

FROM: Edward Scollon, Ph.D., Toxicologist

Cheryl Sutton, Ph.D., Environmental Scientist

Environmental Risk Branch IV

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

REVIEWED

BY: Jim Carleton, Ph.D., Senior Fate Scientist

Thomas Steeger, Ph.D., Senior Advisor

Environmental Risk Branch IV

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

THROUGH: Sarah Winfield, Acting Branch Chief

Environmental Risk Branch IV

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P)

TO: Moana Appleyard, Chemical Review Manager

Linda Arrington, Branch Chief

Risk Management and Implementation Branch V

Pesticide Re-evaluation Division (7508P)

1. Executive summary

The Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) has completed the preliminary problem formulation 

for the ecological risk, environmental fate, endangered species, and drinking water assessments to be 

conducted as part of the Registration Review of bispyribac-sodium (CAS No. 125401-92-5; PC code 

078906). 

This problem formulation describes the methods planned to be used during the completion of drinking water 

and ecological risk assessments in support of Registration Review and provides an overview of the 

environmental fate, ecological effects, and potential risks associated with the use of bispyribac-sodium as 

well as uncertainties unique to risk assessment of bispyribac-sodium. This document also identifies 
Page 2 of 51

additional studies that would be beneficial to the conduct of an ecological risk assessment. Major findings 

include:

 The fate database is incomplete based on the environmental fate data requirements outlined in the 

Code of Federal Regulations Title 40 Part 158 (40CFR158) Subpart N1. Data are needed for 

three additional soils for aerobic soil metabolism (835.4100), and for two sediments for aerobic 

aquatic metabolism (835.4300). The previously submitted aerobic aquatic metabolism study was 

downgraded to unacceptable based on insufficient study duration. The study was not conducted 

long enough to reach a half-life, nor was it conducted for at least 100 days. Because the pesticide 

has a direct water application, these data are necessary for reducing uncertainty in the 

understanding of the fate of the compound in aquatic environments.

 A minimum retreatment interval is not specifically stated as such for each of the multiple rate 

options stated for use on athletic fields and turf. 

 The ecological database is also incomplete. Data are needed for a honeybee larval 

toxicity study OECD 237/non-guideline

.

2. Introduction

Bispyribac-sodium is a post-emergence pyrimidinyloxybenzoic acid herbicide formulated as a wettable 

powder or water soluble granule, packaged in water soluble bags, used to control bluegrass and broadleaf 

weeds. This herbicide is in the Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) group 2 and has a mode of 

action of inhibiting acetolacetate synthase (ALS inhibitor). Bispyribac-sodium was registered in the U.S. 

on September 24, 2001. In addition to the technical product, there are four Section 3 active registrations 

and six Section 24c Special Local Need (SLN) registrations. End use products include Regiment®, 

Velocity® and TradewindTM Herbicides: single chemical products containing 80% a.i. Additional 

information is presented in Appendix B.

EFED evaluated the most recent ecological risk assessments for bispyribac-sodium in association with 

any available updated toxicity, exposure, and usage information to determine if sufficient data are 

available and if further updates are needed to support Registration Review. Recent EFED risk 

assessments include an ecological risk assessment and a drinking water assessment for the new aquatic 

use (direct application to water) in 2010 (USEPA 2010a and 2010b). No new uses have been assessed 

since that time. In addition, EFED considered the latest Agency science policies and risk assessment 

methodologies. 

3. Use Characterization

Based on information provided in the Biological and Economic Analysis Division (BEAD) Chemical 

Profile (BCP; USEPA 2013a) for Registration Review, bispyribac-sodium is commonly formulated as a 

wettable powder or water soluble granule, packaged in water soluble bags, and applied using 

ground or aerial sprayers. It is registered for use on rice. Bispyribac-sodium also has non-agricultural 

uses and is registered for use on ornamental lawns and turf, including golf courses and sod farms, as well 

 

1 CFR. 2013. Title 40 (Protection of the Environment), Chapter 1 (Environmental Protection Agency), Subchapter E (Pesticide 

Programs), Part 158 (Data Requirements for Pesticides), Subpart N (Environmental Fate) http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/textidx?c=ecfr&SID=ff5c7fef3645e7cd5abceca0b597bccb&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title40/40cfr158_main_02.tpl
Page 3 of 51

as aquatic sites such as canals, drainage ditches, marshes, lakes, ponds, and reservoirs. The Screening 

Level Usage Analysis (SLUA; USEPA 2013b) conducted by BEAD estimates the following agricultural 

use during 2004-2011: rice at 4000 lbs. However, based on data for the years 2003-2012, the average

annual use (i.e., 3,510 lbs) during the first half of that time period (2003-2007) was lower than the

average annual use (i.e., 5,196 lbs) for the second half (2008-2012), indicating a trend of increasing use

(USEPA 2013a). Additionally, the average annual use rates and average annual areas treated both 

increased (approximately by 50% and 20%, respectively) as well during the latter half of the time period. 

Based only on available agricultural use data, bispyribac-sodium is used mainly in the states of California, 

Arkansas, Texas and Louisiana, with lower-level uses in Mississippi and Missouri. Use estimates are not 

available for the registered non-agricultural uses.

The BCP, located in the docket, lists the use patterns associated with the active registrations of 

bispyribac-sodium. EFED will rely on the BCP when estimating environmental exposures that result

from these registered uses. Additionally, in order to be protective, EFED will utilize the use information 

that results in maximum exposure estimates for a given use pattern for the drinking water and ecological 

risk assessments. If the labels (and consequently the BCP) do not include information needed to estimate 

exposure [e.g., the maximum single application rate, the application interval, the annual maximum rate 

allowed (lbs a.i./year), and application method], EFED will make conservative assumptions. To that end, 

a minimum retreatment interval is not specifically stated as such for each of the multiple rate options 

stated on the label for uses on athletic fields and turf (EPA Registration Number 59639-136). In the 

absence of this information, EFED will use conservative estimates of use and exposure.

4. Conclusions from Previous Risk Assessments

a. Ecological Risk Assessment 

The Agency recently conducted a screening-level ecological risk assessment (ERA) for a new aquatic use

in 2010 (USEPA 2010a) that serves as a basis for this problem formulation. Proposed new uses included 

i) an aquatic surface weed treatment via aerial or broadcast application and ii) a subsurface treatment for 

submerged weeds using a weighted trailing hose to inject bispyribac-sodium into the lower portions of the 

water column. The ERA indicated that the proposed new aquatic surface use of bispyribac-sodium to 

control aquatic weeds has the potential for direct adverse effects on both Federally listed 

threatened/endangered (hereafter referred to as “listed”) and non-listed aquatic and terrestrial plant 

species (i.e., listed non-vascular aquatic plants; listed and non-listed aquatic vascular plants; and listed 

and non-listed terrestrial plants). The proposed subsurface applications are not expected to adversely 

impact terrestrial plants (since spray drift is not expected with subsurface applications); however, nontarget aquatic plants may be at risk from this use. Direct adverse effects to terrestrial animals (i.e., 

terrestrial invertebrates, birds, terrestrial-phase amphibians, reptiles and mammals) from acute or chronic 

exposure are not expected. Furthermore, direct adverse effects to aquatic animals (i.e., fish, aquatic-phase 

amphibians and aquatic invertebrates) from acute or chronic exposure are not expected. Although no 

direct adverse effects in terrestrial and aquatic animals from bispyribac-sodium use are expected, given 

the potential for direct effects on both terrestrial and aquatic plants, indirect effects to all listed animals 

and plants are considered possible given potential reductions in primary productivity and habitat.

For subsurface injection for control of aquatic weeds, the maximum proposed application rate for the 

aquatic use, based on the proposed TradewindTM Herbicide label, is that which will produce an initial 

maximum treatment concentration of 45 μg a.i./L in the water column [per label language, subsurface 

applications must be made such that the actual aqueous concentration may not exceed 45 μg a.i./L (ppb)

at any point in time]. 
Page 4 of 51

The major environmental fate and ecological risk conclusions identified in the most recent ERA are 

summarized in Tables 1a and 1b.

Table 1a. Risk Concerns Identified for Bispyribac-Sodium for Direct and Indirect Effects 

Birds Mammals Terr.

Plants

Terr.

Inverts Fish Aquatic Inverts

Aquatic 

Plants

Non-listed and Listed Species

Direct No No Yesa No No No Yesb

Indirectc Yesa Yesa

- Yesa Yesb Yesb-

aLOCs for were exceeded in a screening level assessmnt using the TerrPlant model for ground and aerial surface applications

bLOCs for were exceeded in a screening level assessmnt using the TerrPlant model for surface and subsurface applications

cGiven the potential for effects on aquatic and that aquatic plants serve as the basis of primary productivity in aquatic communities, reductions in 

or loss of primary productivity is likely to result in indirect effects on other aquatic taxa.

- Indirect risks are implied when direct risks have been determined

Yes = at least one LOC has been exceeded in previous assessments; No= LOCs were not exceeded in previous assessments.

Table 1b. Additional Risk Concerns Identified for Bispyribac-Sodium

BCF Groundwater 

Contamination Persistence Degradates of Concern

No Yes Yes Yes

b. Drinking Water Exposure Assessments

A drinking water exposure assessment (DWA) was conducted for bispyribac-sodium in 2010 (USEPA, 

2010) as part of a Section 3 new use assessment for the direct application to water. 

Estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWC) were based on bispyribac-sodium applied directly to 

surface water bodies to attain the maximum label target rate of 45 μg/L (parts per billion; ppb) for 

subsurface injection (USEPA 2010b). The application rate for surface application to water would result 

in a lower concentration. Thus, 45 ppb was recommended as the maximum surface water EDWC for both 

surface application and subsurface injection direct aquatic uses. Prior to that DWA, an assessment was 

conducted for a new use on turfgrass (USEPA2004a). In that assessment, the respective acute, chronic, 

and long-term chronic (cancer) surface water EDWCs were 4.9, 1.5, and 0.8 ppb. The groundwater 

EDWC was 0.14 ppb. All EDWCs are based on the parent compound only, as there are no other residues 

of concern for drinking water (USEPA 2004a).

c. Clean Water Act Programs 

Bispyribac-sodium is not specifically identified as a cause of impairment for any water bodies listed as 

impaired under section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act. No Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) or 

water quality criteria have been developed for bispyribac-sodium.

Aquatic benchmarks have recently been established for bispyribac-sodium, and will be posted in the 

future at http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk_ders/aquatic_life_benchmark.htm. 

5. Environmental Fate and Transport

Based on the submitted data, bispyribac-sodium is a moderately persistent (Goring classification; Goring 

et al., 1975), moderately mobile (FAO classification; FAO, 2000) compound. In soil, bispyribac-sodium 

is stable to abiotic degradation. The primary degradation pathways in soil and aquatic environments are 
Page 5 of 51

aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, with the formation of multiple major metabolites and unextracted 

residues, and mineralization to carbon dioxide (see Table 3). 

When applied directly to water, bispyribac-sodium is essentially stable to abiotic degradation by 

hydrolysis and aqueous photolysis, although hydrolysis occurs slowly at acidic pH levels. It is subject to 

microbial degradation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, with slower degradation observed in 

anaerobic aquatic environments (half-lives of 88-109 days) relative to a single aerobic soil (half-life of 62 

days). In the single aerobic soil metabolism study submitted, up to 57% of the applied was mineralized to 

CO2, and high levels of unextracted residues were formed (26-54%) by study termination. Recovery of 

degradates from initially unextracted residues was only accomplished with harsh base extraction. 

Additional aerobic soil metabolism data are needed to adequately determine the fate of this compound in 

soil, and acceptable aerobic aquatic metabolism data have not been submitted.

Soil-water partition coefficients for the parent compound (Kd) range from 0.60 – 2.0 L/kg and organiccarbon-normalized partition coefficients (Koc) range from 143-604 L/kg. However, when the parent is 

present at typical ambient pH levels in the environment, it will be present mainly as an anion (pKa = 1.9),

and its mobility in soil will be greater than indicated by the Koc. Mobility data for the major degradates

(DesMe-2023, Me2Ba, MeBa, DesMe180, and Bx-180; Table 3) have not been submitted to the Agency. 

However, because these degradates are ionizable compounds, Koc data may not be useful at determining 

mobility in soil.

In an aquatic field dissipation study conducted in Florida, bispyribac-sodium dissipated with a half-life of 

25 days after being directly applied to the surface of a lentic pond. It remained mainly in the water 

column and was only detected once in the sediment. The major degradate, and only degradate monitored 

in the study, was DesMe-2023, which was present in the water phase and dissipated with a half-life of 36 

days. DesMe-2023 was not detected in sediment samples. In aquatic field dissipation studies conducted 

at rice paddy sites in Arkansas and Louisiana, bispyribac-sodium dissipated in each study with a half-life 

of 11 days in the sediment (0-4 cm) and was only detected at very low levels (near the limit of 

quantification (LOQ): 0.001 ppm) in the water. A total system half-life is not available for either study 

but is assumed to be similar to that determined for the sediment. Both the LA and AR studies were for 

application to dry seeded rice, followed by flooding one day post-treatment. A fourth aquatic field 

dissipation study (MRID 44889232), conducted in California, remains classified as unacceptable.

In the environment, because it is an ionizable compound (pKa of approximately 1.9, indicating that half of 

the bispyribac-sodium molecules will be ionized at or above a pH of 1.9, with increasing percentage of 

the anionic form as pH increases), it should be present primarily as an anion. Based on its mobility and 

persistence, there is a potential for both surface runoff and leaching to groundwater, and therefore there is 

a potential groundwater concern. Bispyribac-sodium is included in the California Department of 

Pesticide Regulation’s (CA DPR) Ground Water Protection List (GWPL; Title 3 California Code of 

Regulation (CCR), Division 6, § 6800(b)), which lists pesticides that have been designated as having the 

potential to pollute groundwater and are to be monitored by CA DPR.

While there are no bioconcentration data, it is not expected to bioaccumulate in fish due to its 

hydrophilicity (i.e., low log octanol-water partition coefficient; log Kow= -1.02) at most environmental pH 

values. 

A selection of environmental fate and transport properties of bispyribac-sodium is summarized in Table 

2.
Page 6 of 51

Table 2. Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate Parameters of Bispyribac-sodium

Parameter Value Description/Comments Source

Selected Physical/Chemical Parameters

Molecular weight 452.4 g/mol −DP Barcode 

D267285

Vapor pressure (20°C) 1 x 10-7 Torr

Not expected to 

volatilize from dry 

surfaces. 

DP Barcode 

D267285

Aqueous solubility (25C; pH 7) 73,300 mg/L Readily soluble. DP Barcode 

D267285

Dissociation Constant pKa 

(25oC) 1.9

Estimated. Compound 

will exist as an anion at 

environmental pHs.

Toxnet

Log octanol-to-water partition 

coefficient

(Log KOW)

-1.03 Experimental database 

value. EPISuite

Persistence

Hydrolysis half-life (22C) pH 5: 88 days

pH 7: stable

pH9: stable

Does not hydrolyze at 

neutral and alkaline 

pHs; hydrolyzes very 

slowly at acidic pHs.

MRID 448892-26

Aqueous photolysis half-life 

(pH 7; 25C) Stable Does not photolyze in 

water. MRID 448892-27

Soil photolysis half-life (25C) Stable Does not photodegrade 

on soil. MRID 448892-28

Aerobic soil metabolism halflife (25°C)

62.4 days

Including unextracted 

residues (up to 62%), 

the t1/2 = 267 days. 

Data are only available 

for a single soil.

MRID 449299-31

Anaerobic soil metabolism halflife (25°C) No data − −

Anaerobic aquatic metabolism 

half-life (20-25C)

88 days (silt loam)

109 days (sandy loam)

Moderately persistent. MRID 453593-01

Aerobic aquatic metabolism 

half-life (20-25C) No data − −

Mobility

Freundlich soil-water partition 

coefficients (KF); organic 

carbon-normalized Freundlich 

coefficients (KFOC)

Adsorption

0.60 (sand, 0.2% om)

0.62(silt loam, 0.4% om)

0.93(sandy loam, 1% om)

2.0 (clay loam, 2.8% om)

1.6 (silt loam sediment, 

1.2% om)

MRID 448892-31
Page 7 of 51

Parameter Value Description/Comments Source

Organic carbon-normalized 

distribution coefficient 

(Koc;mL/g)

Adsorption

143 (clay loam)

186 (sandy loam)

308 (silt loam)

604 (sand)

270 (silt loam sediment)

Compound is expected 

to be moderately mobile 

in most soils based on 

Koc. However, when 

present as the anion, 

mobility would be 

greater than expected 

based on this parameter, 

as the Koc model would 

not be appropriate.

MRID 448892-31

Field Dissipation

Terrestrial field dissipation halflife; leaching depth; degradates

IL: t1/2 = not available; 0-

3”; DesMe-180 at max of 

0.03 mg/kg at 0-3” day 

14; no other degradates

VA: t1/2 = not available; 

0-3”; MeBa at max of 

0.03 mg/kg at 0-3” days 

10-14 only; no other 

degradates

Minimal residues 

reached soil and 

residues in turf were not 

determined. Half-lives 

could not be calculated.

MRID 459027-01

MRID 459027-02

Aquatic field dissipation halflife

LA: t1/2 = 11 days 

AR: t1/2 = 11 days 

FL: t1/2 = 25 days

In LA and AR, pesticide 

was applied to soil, with 

flooding after 1 day. In 

FL, applic. was directly 

to water and pesticide 

essentially remained in 

water column.

MRID 448892-35

MRID 449299-32

MRID 476353-04

Fish Bioconcentration

Fish bioconcentration factors 

(steady-state); depuration rate No data

Not expected to 

bioconcentrate based on 

Kow.

*Goring et al. 1975 scale was used to describe persistence. Nonpersistent: t1⁄2 < 15 days; slightly persistent 

t1⁄2 15-45 days; moderately persistent t1⁄2 45-180 days; persistent t1⁄2 >180 days.

a. Transformation Products

Nine degradates of bispyribac-sodium were observed in submitted environmental fate studies, 7 of which 

were major (e.g., those present at greater than 10% applied radioactivity), including unextracted residues 

(Table 3). All of the major degradates were observed in the anaerobic aquatic metabolism studies. 

DesMe-2023 is a single demethylation product and most similar to the bispyribac-sodium. DesMe-180 is 

also similar having the loss of a single pyrimidine ring side-chain. The remaining degradates are either 

single ring structures, carbon dioxide, or unextracted residues, and were all observed under additional 

conditions (e.g., aerobic soil, anaerobic soil, or hydrolysis in addition to anaerobic aquatic). The 

degradates 2,6-DBA and MeBa were observed at the highest percentage, 42 and 45 % of the applied 
Page 8 of 51

radioactivity (AR), with the remaining degradates present between 10 and 25%. All of the major organic 

degradates will be included in the exposure assessments for ecological risk.

In a meeting on 7/31/01, the OPP Health Effects Division (HED) Metabolite Assessment Review 

Committee (MARC) concluded that the residue of concern to humans in drinking water is bispyribacsodium alone (Memo, J. Tyler, 8/20/01; D276560). All metabolites identified were present at low levels, 

and are not expected to be more toxic to humans than the parent.
Page 9 of 51

Table 3. Bispyribac-sodium and Its Major Environmental Degradates in Laboratory Studies
Page 10 of 51

 Chemical Name Chemical Structure Study Type Ref.

(MRID)

Maximum

%AR (day)A

Final %AR 

(study 

length)

PARENT

bispyribac-sodium

sodium 2,6-bis[(4,6-

dimethoxy-2-

pyrimidinyl)oxy]benzoate 

(CAS)

sodium 2,6-bis(4,6-

dimethoxypyrimidin-2-

yloxy)benzoate (IUPAC)

MAJOR TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS

DesMe-2023

(Des-Methyl KIH-2023 

Na Salt)

sodium 2-(4,6-

dimethoxypyrimidin-2-

yl)oxy-6-(4-hydroxy-6-

methoxypyrimidin-2-yl) 

benzoate

Aerobic Soil 

Metabolism

449299-31 8.7 (14) 0.02-0.3 (348)

Anaerobic 

Aquatic 

Metabolism 453593-01 24.8 (183) 5.7-20.3 (367)

O

CO2

N

N

O

O

CH3

CH3

N

N

O

O

CH3

CH3

O

Na

+

O

CO2

N

N

O

O

CH3

CH3

N

N

OH

O

CH3

O

Na+
Page 11 of 51

Aquatic Field 

Dissipation 

(AK)

449299-32

7.1 ppb

(0.0028 ppm; in 

sediment; day 3)

7.1 ppb

(0.0028 ppm; 

in sediment;

day 3)

Aquatic Field 

Dissipation (FL) 476353-04 4.3 ppb 

(28; in water)

1.1 ppb 

(120; in water)

Aquatic Field 

Dissipation 

(LA)

448892-35

0.0051 ppm (3,5 

days; in soil)

0.0012 ppm 

(8; in water)

0.0039 ppm (7; 

in soil)

0.0012 ppm 

(8; in water)

Bx-180

2-[(4,6-

dimethoxypyrimidin-2-

yl)oxy]-6-

hydroxybenzoate

Hydrolysis 

(pH 5) 448892-26 5.9 (30) 5.9 (30)

Aerobic Soil 

Metabolism 449299-31 11.4 (55) 1.9-3.4 (348)

Anaerobic 

Aquatic 

Metabolism

453593-01 6.7 (275) nd (367)

DesMe-180

2-hydroxy-6-[(4-hydroxy6-methoxypyrimidin-2-

yl)oxy] benzoic acid

 

Aerobic Soil 

Metabolism 449299-31 8.1 (55) 2.5-3.3 (348)

Anaerobic 

Aquatic 

Metabolism

453593-01 15.8 (122) nd – 13.7 (367)

O

COO

H N

N

O

O

CH3

CH3

O

H

O

COOH

N

N

OH

O

CH3

OH
Page 12 of 51

2,6-DBA 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid

Aerobic Soil 

Metabolism

44929-931 11.8 (187) 9.2 (348)

Anaerobic 

Aquatic 

Metabolism

453593-01 42.3 (367) 34.2-42.3 (367)

MeBa 4,6-dihydroxy-2-

methoxypyrimidine

Aerobic Soil 

Metabolism 449299-31 7.6 (33) 1.4 (348)

Anaerobic 

Aquatic 

Metabolism

453593-01 44.5 (275) 18.2-40.9 (367)

Me2Ba 4,6-dimethoxy-2-

hydroxypyrimidine

Hydrolysis 

(pH 5) 448892-26 12.2 (30) 12.2 (30)

Aerobic Soil 

Metabolism 449299-31 12.1 (14) 1.4 (348)

Anaerobic 

Aquatic 

Metabolism

453593-01 21.9 (367) 2-21.9 (367)

Aquatic Field 

Dissipation 

(AK)

449299-32

9.2 

(0.0013 ppm; in 

water; day 3)

9.2 

(0.0013 ppm; 

in water; day 3)

OH

COOH

OH

HO

N

N

OH

OCH3

OH

N

N

OCH3

OCH3
Page 13 of 51

2,6-MDB

methyl 2,6-

dihydroxybenzoate

 

Aerobic Soil 

Metabolism

449299-31 9.6 (257) 5.1 (348)

CO2 carbon dioxide

Aerobic Soil 

Metabolism

449299-31 57 (348) 32-57 (348)

Anaerobic 

Aquatic 

Metabolism

453593-01 22.4 (367) 2.6-22.4 (367)

Unextracted Residues ̶

Aerobic Soil 

Metabolism 449299-31 28.4-55 (257) 26.3-54.3 (348)

Anaerobic 

Aquatic 

Metabolism

453593-01 21.8 (367) 9.7-21.8 (367)

n.d. means “not detected”

Ranges are used when more than one label and/or more than one soil/sediment were studied.

A Percent of Applied Radioactivity

OH

CO2CH3

OH
Page 14 of 51

6. Receptors

Table 4 and Table 5 provide a summary of the most sensitive acute and chronic toxicity values 

for bispyribac-sodium across aquatic and terrestrial taxonomic groups, respectively. Based on the 

available acute toxicity data, aquatic and terrestrial plants appear to be the most sensitive taxa, 

which is expected for an herbicide. Bispyribac-sodium is practically nontoxic to the remaining 

taxa evaluated including freshwater and estuarine/marine fish and aquatic invertebrates, birds, 

mammals, and terrestrial insects. Freshwater fish are used as surrogate for aquatic-phase 

amphibians and birds are used as surrogates for terrestrial-phase amphibians and reptiles.

a. Effects to Aquatic Organisms

Table 4. Summary of the Most Sensitive Endpoints from Aquatic Toxicity Studies for 

Bispyribac-Sodium.

Taxonomic 

Group

Study 

Type Test Species Toxicity Value

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classificati

on

Source

(MRID)

Freshwater fish1

Acute

Rainbow trout

Oncorhynchus 

mykiss

LC50 > 102 mg a.i./L

[TGAI (95.2% a.i.)] Practically 

nontoxic 448891-14

Bluegill sunfish

Lepomis 

macrochirus

LC50 > 102 mg a.i./L

[TGAI (95.2% a.i.)] Practically 

nontoxic 448891-15

Chronic

Fathead minnow 

Pimephales 

promelas

NOAEC = 9.2 mg a.i./L

[TGAI (99.6%)] -- 481142-01

Freshwater 

invertebrates

Acute Waterflea

Daphnia magna

EC50 > 99.2 mg a.i./L

[TGAI (95.2%)]

Practically 

nontoxic 448891-16

Chronic Waterflea

Daphnia magna

EC50 >99.2 mg a.i./L

[TGAI (95.2%)] -- 448891-20

Estuarine/marine 

fish

Acute

Sheepshead

minnow

Cyprinodon 

variegatus

LC50 > 120 mg a.i. /L

[Bispyribac-sodium 80 S 

(79% a.i.)]

Practically 

nontoxic 448891-18

Chronic (none) -- -- --

Estuarine/marine 

shrimp Acute

Mysid shrimp

Americamysis 

bahia

EC50 >130 mg a.i./L

[Bispyribac-sodium 80 S 

(79% a.i.)]

Practically 

nontoxic 448891-19
Page 15 of 51

Taxonomic 

Group

Study 

Type Test Species Toxicity Value

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classificati

on

Source

(MRID)

Estuarine/marine 

mollusk Acute

Eastern oyster

Crassostrea 

virginica

EC50 >110 mg a.i./L

[Bispyribac-sodium 80 S 

(79% a.i.)]

Practically 

nontoxic 448891-17

Aquatic plants and 

algae

Vascular Duckweed

Lemna gibba

EC50 = 0.012 mg a.i./L

based on reduced frond 

density and biomass

NOAEC = 0.0066 mg 

a.i./L;

[Bispyribac-sodium 80 S 

(79% a.i.)]

Very 

highly 

toxic

448892-23

Nonvascular

Green Algae 

Pseudokirchneriell

a subcapitata

formerly 

Selenastrum 

capricornutum

EC50 = 0.25 mg a.i./L

NOAEC = 0.031 mg 

a.i./L

Highly 

toxic 460766-02

1 freshwater fish act as surrogates for aquatic phase amphibians
Page 16 of 51

b. Effects to Terrestrial Organisms

Table 5. Summary of the Most Sensitive Endpoints from Terrestrial Toxicity Studies for 

Bispyribac-sodium. 
Page 17 of 51

Taxonomic 

Group Study Type Test Species Toxicity Value

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classifica

tion

Source

Birds1

Acute

Northern 

bobwhite quail

Colinus 

virginianus

LD50 > 2,250 mg/kg-bw

[TGAI (99.9%)]

Practically 

nontoxic 449299-03

Sub-acute 

dietary

Northern 

bobwhite quail

Colinus 

virginianus

LC50 >5,620 mg/kg-diet

[TGAI (99.9%)]

Practically 

nontoxic 449299-05

Chronic

Northern 

bobwhite quail

Colinus 

virginianus

NOAEC = 1,000 mg 

a.i./kg-diet

[TGAI (99.9%)]

-- 451973-02

Mammals

Acute

Rat

Rattus 

norvegicus

LD50 = 3,565 mg a.i./kgbw

[TGAI (95.2%)]

Practically 

nontoxic 448891-27

Chronic

Rat

Rattus 

norvegicus

NOAEC = 1,000 mg 

a.i./kg-diet

[TGAI (98.2%)]

-- 449299-23

Invertebrates

Acute Honey bee

Apis mellifera

LD50 > 25 μg/bee

(Acute contact)

[TGAI (99.9%)]

Practically 

nontoxic 448892-24

SubChronic

Earthworm

Eisenia foetida

LC50 > 1,000 ppm

[TGAI (95.7%)]

Slightly 

toxic 448892-25

Terrestrial 

plants

Seedling 

Emergence Dicot (cabbage)

EC25 = 0.0019 lb 

a.i./acre based on 

reduced dry weights

NOAEC = 0.0004 lb 

a.i./acre

(80% WP Formulation)

-- 448892-22

Seedling 

Emergence

Monocot 

(onion)

EC25 = 0.0013 lb 

a.i./acre based on 

reduced dry weights

NOAEC = 0.0004 lb 

a.i./acre

(80% WP Formulation)

-- 448892-22
Page 18 of 51

Vegetative 

Vigor

Monocot 

(onion)

EC25 = 0.0021 lb 

a.i./acre based on 

reduced plant height

NOAEC = 0.0007 lb 

a.i./acre

(80% WP Formulation)

-- 448892-21

Dicot (cabbage)

EC25 = 0.001 lb a.i./acre

NOAEC = 0.0007 lb 

a.i./acre based on 

reduced dry weight

(80% WP Formulation)

-- 448892-21

1 Birds are surrogates for terrestrial-phase amphibians and reptiles.

c. Ecological Incidents

The ecological incident information system (EIIS) is an OPP database that houses ecological 

incidents that have been reported to the Agency. When available, EIIS includes date and location 

of an incident, type and magnitude of effects observed in various species, use(s) of pesticides 

known or suspected of contributing to the incident, and results of any chemical residue analysis or 

other analyses conducted during incident investigation. EIIS incidents are categorized according 

to the certainty that the incident resulted from pesticide exposure. The Avian Monitoring System 

(AIMS) is a database administered by the American Bird Conservancy that contains publicly 

available data on reported avian incidents involving pesticides. Many of the incidents listed in 

this database are also in the EIIS. As of March 25, 2014, there were no incidents reported for 

bispyribac-sodium in either database.

7. Exposure Pathways of Concern

The environmental fate properties and use patterns of bispyribac-sodium indicate that direct 

spray, spray drift, and direct application to surface water represent potential transport and/or 

exposure mechanisms of bispyribac-sodium to non-target aquatic and terrestrial organisms. 

Drinking water and inhalation exposure pathways were screened using the SIP (Screening 

Imbibition Program) and STIR (Screening Tool for Inhalation Risk) screening models. STIR 

indicated the inhalation pathway is not likely to be a significant pathway for exposure for birds 

and mammals. Screening-level calculations using SIP have suggested that drinking water 

exposure alone may be significant for acute and chronic risks to birds and mammals (Appendix

C). However, as indicted in Table 5, bispyribac-sodium is practically nontoxic to birds and 

mammals, therefore, it is the high solubility of bispyribac-sodium (73,300 mg/L) which is likely 

driving this concern. This pathway should be further evaluated during risk assessment. SIP and 

STIR are described in detail at http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/terrestrial/index.htm.

8. Analysis Plan

a. Stressors of Concern

i. Ecological Risk Assessment
Page 19 of 51

Several degradates were identified in the bispyribac-sodium environmental fate studies (Table 3). 

Major degradates, those that exceeded 10% of the AR, include DesMe-2023 (25%), Bx-180 

(11%), DesMe-180 (16%), 2,6-DBA (42%), MeBa (45%), and Me2Ba (22%). QSAR analysis 

(ECOSAR: ECOlogical Structure Activity Relationship, v1.11) indicates these degradates are 

likely to be more toxic than the parent for several taxa, however, plants, the taxon of most 

concern, were not included in the estimates (Appendix D). Because of the uncertainty regarding 

the toxicity to plants, all major degradates will be included in the EECs. Any additional 

information on the degradates would likely reduce the uncertainty, but the current approach will 

adequately characterize potential risk.

ii. Drinking Water 

Per discussion, HED does not currently anticipate updating the dietary exposure estimates from 

food, given that it is not likely to have a significant impact on aggregate risk. Additionally, 

EFED believes recent changes in the drinking water exposure models will not impact the 

previously estimated EDWCs in a way that would significantly impact the human dietary risk 

picture. Thus, an updated drinking water assessment will not likely be needed as part of the 

Registration Review process. 

b. Measures of Exposure 

EFED will use standard available models (identified in Table 7) to evaluate potential exposures 

to aquatic and terrestrial organisms as described at 

http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/science/models_db.htm. 

Aquatic exposure estimates will be based on estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) 

generated using the Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM 3.12.2 dated May 12, 2005) coupled with 

the Exposure Analysis Model System (EXAMS 2.98.04.06 dated April 25, 2005) to simulate a 

waterbody that is considered representative of vulnerable aquatic environments (e.g., ponds and 

streams in headwater watersheds). Terrestrial exposure will be estimated using a model (T-REX 

version 1.5) that assumes direct application to a variety of avian and mammalian food items. 

Exposure to terrestrial plants will be estimated using the terrestrial plant model TerrPlant (version 

1.2.2) that assumes bispyribac-sodium drifts or moves with runoff to adjacent habitats. For more 

information on the various models that will be used in the risk assessment see the links as outlined 

in Table 7.

Two spray drift models, AgDISP and/or AgDRIFT, will be used to assess exposures of aquatic and 

terrestrial organisms to bispyribac-sodium deposited in terrestrial and aquatic habitats by spray 

drift. The AgDRIFT (version 2.1.1; dated 03/07/2012) model is most commonly used by EFED to 

simulate spray drift into terrestrial and aquatic environments. The AgDISP model (version 8.26; 

dated 03/07/2012) is used when a parameter needs to be modeled that is not available in AgDRIFT. 

Spray drift analysis will be an important part of the analysis in defining the potential area of effects 

for listed species.

SIP (version 1.0; dated Aug. 19, 2010) and STIR (version 1.0; dated Nov. 23, 2010) are used to 

calculate screening-level estimates of toxicity via the drinking water and inhalation pathways, 

respectively. The models produce toxicity estimates for mammals and birds under acute and 

chronic exposure scenarios.
Page 20 of 51

Table 7. List of the various models and the related taxa for which the models will be used.

Environment Taxa of 

Concern Model(s) Link

Aquatic

Fish/ 

Invertebrates/

Plants

PRZM, EXAMS http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water

/

Terrestrial

Vertebrate 

T-REX (dietary item) http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/terres

trial/trex/trex_v1_5_webversion.xlsm

AGDISP (Spray drift) http://www.continuum-dynamics.com/pragdisp.html

SIP (imbibition) http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/te

rrestrial/

STIR (Inhalation) http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/te

rrestrial/

Plant

TerrPlant (Run-off) http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/terres

trial/index.htm#terrplant

AgDRIFT (Spray 

drift)

http://www.agdrift.com/AgDRIFt2/Downlo

adAgDrift2_0.htm

AGDISP (Spray drift) http://www.continuum-dynamics.com/pragdisp.html

i. Available Monitoring Data

The Agency is aware of monitoring conducted by federal and/or state agencies and this 

information will be considered in the assessment to the extent that data on bispyribac-sodium or 

other residues of concern are available.

c. Measures of Effect 

The most sensitive toxicity endpoints presented in Section 6 of this problem formulation will be 

used to calculate risk quotients for the respective taxa. Any additional information submitted by 

the registrant or found in the open literature prior to conduct of the risk assessment will also be 

considered. The open literature studies will be identified using EPA’s ECOTOXicology database 

(ECOTOX; http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/), which employs a literature search engine for locating 

chemical toxicity data for aquatic life, terrestrial plants, and wildlife. Data that meet the 

Agency’s standard for inclusion in risk assessments can also provide insight into the direct and 

indirect effects of pesticides on biotic communities. Such effects could include loss of species 

that are sensitive to the chemicals and from changes in structure and functional characteristics of 

the affected communities.

9. Endangered Species Assessments

Consistent with the Agency’s responsibility under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the 

Agency will evaluate risks to listed species from registered uses of pesticides in Registration 

Review. The process for evaluating potential risks to listed species is further described at 
Page 21 of 51

http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/endanger/litstatus/riskasses.htm.

10. Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program

As required by FIFRA and FFDCA, EPA reviews numerous studies to assess potential adverse 

outcomes from exposure to chemicals. Collectively, these studies include acute, subchronic and 

chronic toxicity, including assessments of carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, developmental, 

reproductive, and general or systemic toxicity. These studies include endpoints which may be 

susceptible to endocrine influence, including effects on endocrine target organ histopathology, 

organ weights, estrus cyclicity, sexual maturation, fertility, pregnancy rates, reproductive loss, 

and sex ratios in offspring. For ecological hazard assessments, EPA evaluates acute tests and 

chronic studies that assess growth, developmental and reproductive effects in different taxonomic 

groups. As part of its reregistration decision, EPA reviewed these data and selected the most 

sensitive endpoints for relevant risk assessment scenarios from the existing hazard database. 

However, as required by FFDCA section 408(p), bispyribac-sodium is subject to the endocrine 

screening part of the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP). 

EPA has developed the EDSP to determine whether certain substances (including pesticide active

and other ingredients) may have an effect in humans or wildlife similar to an effect produced by a 

“naturally occurring estrogen, or other such endocrine effects as the Administrator may 

designate.” The EDSP employs a two-tiered approach to making the statutorily required 

determinations. Tier 1 consists of a battery of 11 screening assays to identify the potential of a 

chemical substance to interact with the estrogen, androgen, or thyroid (E, A, or T) hormonal 

systems. Chemicals that go through Tier 1 screening and are found to have the potential to 

interact with E, A, or T hormonal systems will proceed to the next stage of the EDSP where EPA 

will determine which, if any, of the Tier 2 tests are necessary based on the available data. Tier 2 

testing is designed to identify any adverse endocrine-related effects caused by the substance, and 

establish a dose-response relationship between the dose and the E, A, or T effect. 

Under FFDCA section 408(p), the Agency must screen all pesticide chemicals. Between October 

2009 and February 2010, EPA issued test orders/data call-ins for the first group of 67 chemicals, 

which contains 58 pesticide active ingredients and 9 inert ingredients. A second list of chemicals 

identified for EDSP screening was published on June 14, 20132and includes some pesticides 

scheduled for registration review and chemicals found in water. Neither of these lists should be 

construed as a list of known or likely endocrine disruptors. For further information on the status 

of the EDSP, the policies and procedures, the lists of chemicals, future lists, the test guidelines 

and the Tier 1 screening battery, please visit our website: http://www.epa.gov/endo/.

11. Preliminary Identification of Data Gaps 

a. Environmental Fate

Table 8 identifies environmental fate studies by MRID that offer data for each guideline 

requirement, as well as study classifications and whether or not further data are needed in order to 

support risk assessment.

 

2 See http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPPT-2009-0477-0074 for the final 

second list of chemicals.
Page 22 of 51

Table 8. Environmental Fate Data and Study Classifications for Bispyribac-Sodium.

OCSPP 

Guideline

Data 

Requirement

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID)

Study 

Classification

Are data 

needed to 

conduct risk 

assessment?

Justification and 

Assumptions EPA will Make 

in Absence of Data

835.2120 Hydrolysis 44889226 Acceptable No −

835.2240 Aqueous 

photolysis

44889227 Acceptable No −

835.2410 Soil photolysis 44889228 Acceptable No −

835.2370 Photodegradation 

in Air Not required − No −

835.4100 Aerobic soil 

metabolism 44929931 Acceptable

Yes. Need 

data for 3 

more soils.

The single available half-life 

will be multiplied by 3 to 

account for uncertainty in 

using a single value.

835.4200 Anaerobic soil 

metabolism No data − No Acceptable anaerobic aquatic metabolism data will be used.

835.4300 Aerobic aquatic 

metabolism 44889230 Downgraded to Not Acceptable Yes

The half-life input will be 

estimated using 2X the aerobic 

soil half-life input value.

835.4400

Anaerobic 

aquatic 

metabolism

45359301 Acceptable No −

835.1230

835.1240

Adsorption/ 

desorption and 

leaching

44889231 Acceptable No −

835.1410 Volatility –

laboratory Not required − No −

835.6100 Terrestrial field 

dissipation

45902701 Supplemental

No −

45902702 Supplemental

835.6200 Aquatic field 

dissipation

44889235 Acceptable

No −

44929932 Acceptable

47635304 Acceptable

44889232 Not Acceptable
Page 23 of 51

OCSPP 

Guideline

Data 

Requirement

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID)

Study 

Classification

Are data 

needed to 

conduct risk 

assessment?

Justification and 

Assumptions EPA will Make 

in Absence of Data

850.6100

Analytical 

method in soil

45243501

45243502

(Me2Ba)

45243503 

(MeBa, Des 

Me-2023)

Acceptable

Acceptable

Acceptable

No −

Analytical 

method in water

45243503 

(MeBa, Des 

Me-2023)

Acceptable

No −

850.1730 Fish 

bioconcentration Waived − No −

b. Ecological Effects

Data for passerine species of birds are required under the new 40 CFR Part 158 (Oct. 26, 2007). 

Part 158 data requirements specify that avian acute oral toxicity data (OCSPP Guideline 

850.2100) be submitted for either a mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) or bobwhite quail 

(Colinus virginianus) and a passerine species. Based on existing data, bispyribac-sodium is 

characterized as practically non-toxic to birds on an acute oral (bobwhite quail LD50>2250 mg/kg

bw) and subacute dietary (bobwhite quail and mallard duck LC50>5620 mg/kg diet) exposure 

basis. According to the Avian Incident Monitoring System (AIMS) and the EPA Ecological 

Incident Information System (EIIS) there have been no incidents involving avian species or other 

taxa associated with the use of bispyribac-sodium. Additionally, prior risk assessments have not 

identified any risk to avian species, and we do not expect this risk conclusion to change for

currently proposed uses. Therefore, we are not requesting these data at this time.

A honey bee larval toxicity test (OECD 237) is being required at this time to assess the toxicity of 

bispyribac-sodium to developing bee larva.

Although a number of studies were conducted with technical end-use product (TEP) instead of

technical grade active ingredient (TGAI) as required by the regulatory guidelines, a thorough 

review by EFED indicated that the percentage of TGAI is sufficiently high that new studies using 

TGAI are not required (USEPA, 2010c).

Table 9 and 10 identify ecological effects studies by MRID that provide data for each guideline 

requirement, as well as study classifications and whether or not further data are needed in order to 

support risk assessment. Additional rationale for the required studies is also presented.
Page 24 of 51

Table 9. Aquatic Ecological Effects Data and Study Classifications for Bispyribac-Sodium.

OCSPP

Guideline

Data 

Requirement

Study 

Type

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID)

Study 

Classification

Are data 

needed to 

conduct 

risk 

assessment

Justification and 

Assumptions EPA will 

Make in Absence of Data -

Some Example texts are 

include

850.1010

Freshwater 

invertebrate 

toxicity

Acute 448891-16 Supplemental No --

850.1025

850.1035

850.1045

850.1055

Saltwater 

invertebrate 

toxicity

Acute

448891-17 Supplemental

No --

448891-19 Supplemental

850.1075 Freshwater fish Acute

448891-14 Supplemental

No --

448891-15 Supplemental

850.1075 Saltwater fish Acute 448891-18 Acceptable No --

850.1300

Freshwater 

invertebrates 

life cycle

Chronic 448891-20 Acceptable No --

850.1350

Saltwater 

invertebrates

life cycle

Chronic (None) (N/A) No --

850.1400 Freshwater fish 

early-life stage

Chronic 481142-01 Acceptable No --

850.1400 Saltwater fish 

early-life stage Chronic NA NA No --

850.1500 Freshwater fish 

full life cycle Chronic (None) (N/A) No --

850.1735

850.1740

10-day 

Sediment 

Toxicity Test

Subacute (None) (NA) No

850.4400

Aquatic plant 

Toxicity Test 

using Lemna 

minor.

-- 448892-23 Acceptable No --

850.4500 Algal toxicity

-- 460766-02 Acceptable

No --

-- 448892-17 Supplemental

-- 448892-19 Acceptable

-- 448892-20 Acceptable

850.4550 Cyanobacteria 448892-18 Acceptable No --
Page 25 of 51

Table 10. Terrestrial Ecological Effects Data for Bispyribac-Sodium.

OCSPP 

Guideline

Data 

Requirement

Study 

Type

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID)

Study 

Classifications

Are data 

needed for 

risk 

assessment

Current Additional Data 

Need

850.2100

Avian oral 

toxicity Acute 449299-03 Acceptable No --

Passerine Acute (None) (N/A) No

Acute avian oral toxicity 

data are required for either 

one waterfowl or one 

upland game species and 

one passerine species 

under the 40 CFR Part 158 

(2010) data requirements

for conventional pesticides 

with outdoor uses. 

However, there were no 

mortalities in acute or 

subchronic dietary studies 

including bobwhite quail 

and mallard duck and it is 

likely that results of a 

passerine species will be 

similar. Therefore, this 

study is not required at this 

time.

850.2200 Avian dietary 

toxicity Subacute

449299-04 Acceptable

No --

449299-05 Acceptable

850.2300 Avian 

reproduction Chronic

451973-01 Acceptable

No --

451973-02 Acceptable

NonguidelineAvian 

inhalation Acute (None) (N/A) No

Bispyribac-sodium has a 

vapor point of 1 x10-7 Torr 

and is not expected to 

volatilize. EFED’s STIR 

model further indicated 

that inhalation is not likely 

to be a significant pathway 

for exposure. Therefore, 

this study is not required at 

this time.

850.3020

Honey bee 

acute contact 

toxicity

Acute 448892-24 Acceptable No --

NonGuideline

Honey bee 

larval toxicity 

test (OECD 

237)

Acute (None) (NA) Yes

This study is being 

required to assess the 

toxicity of bispyribacsodium to developing bee 

larva
Page 26 of 51

OCSPP 

Guideline

Data 

Requirement

Study 

Type

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID)

Study 

Classifications

Are data 

needed for 

risk 

assessment

Current Additional Data 

Need

NonGuidelineEarthworm 

toxicity test Acute 448892-25 Supplemental No --

850.3030

Honey bee 

residue on 

foliage

-- (None) (N/A) No

The LD50 for the honey bee 

acute contact study was > 

25 μg a.i./bee, above the 

trigger for the honey bee 

residue on foliage study of 

11 μg/bee. Furthermore, 

bispyribac-sodium has not 

been highlighted as a 

pervasive pesticide in bee 

colonies and oral exposure 

will be negligible based on 

the use pattern. Therefore, 

this study is not being 

required at this time.

850.3040 Field testing 

for pollinators -- (None) (N/A) No See explanation for Honey bee residue on foliage.

850.4100

Seedling 

Emergence 

and Seedling 

Growth

-- 448892-22 Acceptable No --

850.4250 Vegetative 

Vigor -- 448892-21 Acceptable No --

12. References 

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2000. FAO PESTICIDE DISPOSAL 

SERIES 8. Assessing Soil Contamination: A Reference Manual. Appendix 2. Parameters 

of pesticides that influence processes in the soil. Editorial Group, FAO Information 

Division. Rome.

Goring, C.A.I., D.A. Laskowki, J.H. Hamaker, and R.W. Meikle. 1975. Principles of pesticide 

degradation in soil. Pages 135-172 in (R. Haque and V.H. Freed, eds.) Environmental 

dynamics of pesticides. Plenum Press, New York.

USEPA. 2002a. Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters in Modeling the Environmental Fate 

and Transport of Pesticides, Version II (February 28, 2002). Office of Pesticide 

Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division, U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency. Arlington, VA.

USEPA. 2002b. Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM) Field and Orchard Crop Scenarios: 

Standard Procedures for Conducting Quality Control and Quality Assurance. Office of 

Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division, U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency. Arlington, VA. 
Page 27 of 51

USEPA. 2004a. Risk Assessment for Proposed Use of Bispyribac-Sodium (Velocity®) on 

Turf. DP Barcode D305493. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 

Environmental Fate and Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs. August 5, 2004.

USEPA. 2004b. Overview of the Ecological Risk Assessment Process in the Office of Pesticide 

Programs. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Environmental 

Fate and Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs. Available at 

http://www.epa.gov/espp/consultation/ecorisk-overview.pdf.

USEPA. 2010a. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Bispyribac Sodium Section 3 New Use as an 

Aquatic Herbicide. DP Barcode D361120. United States Environmental Protection 

Agency (USEPA). Environmental Fate and Effects Division. Office of Pesticide 

Programs. October 26, 2010.

USEPA. 2010b. Revised Tier I Drinking Water Assessment in Support of the Proposed 

Section 3 New Use Registration for Bispyribac Sodium for Aquatic Use. DP 

Barcode D362285. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 

Environmental Fate and Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs. May 20, 2010.

USEPA. 2010c. EFED Review of “Waiver Request: Toxicity of Bispyribac-Sodium Typical 

End-Use Product to an Aquatic Plant (Lemna spp.)” (MRID: 480606-04); and 

“Waiver request: Freshwater Fish and Invertebrate Acute Toxicity to BispyribacSodium Typical End-Use Product” (MRID: 480606-03). DP Barcode D377610. 

United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Environmental Fate and 

Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs. June 4, 2010.

USEPA. 2014. BEAD Chemical Profile for Registration Review: Bispyribac-sodium (078906).

Memorandum From M. Kaul, C. Doucoure, and A. Lee to Moana Appleyard. Biological 

and Economic Analysis Division to Pesticide Re-evaluation Division. March 12, 2014.

USEPA. 2013. Bispyribac-sodium (078906) Screening Level Usage Analysis (SLUA). United 

States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Biological and Economic Analysis 

Division, Office of Pesticide Programs. April 22, 2013.
Page 28 of 51

Appendix A. Bibliography of Submitted Studies

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE

44889226 2017179 Velagaleti, R.; Williamson, K.; Williams, M. (1998) Hydrolysis of KIH2023 as a Function of pH at 25 (degrees) C: Lab Project Number: 

39267: 9900030: N-161-1. Unpublished study prepared by ABC 

Laboratories, Inc. 157 p. 

44889227 2017180

Velagaleti, R.; Williamson, K.; Williams, M. (1998) Determination of 

the Aqueous Photolysis Rate of KIH-2023: Lab Project Number: 

39268: 9900031: N-161-2. Unpublished study prepared by ABC 

Laboratories, Inc. 107 p. 

44889228 2017181 Reynolds, J. (1999) Photolysis of (carbon-14) Bispyribac-Sodium on 

Soil: Lab Project Number: RPT00461: 9900255: XBL98082. 

Unpublished study prepared by Xenobiotic Laboratories, Inc. 158 p. 

44929931 2017182 Assaf, N. (1999) Metabolism of (Ph-(carbon-14)) Bispyribac-sodium 

and (Py-(carbon-14)) Bispyribac-sodium in Aerobic Soil: Lab Project 

Number: VP-12114: 9900243: V-98-12114. Unpublished study 

prepared by Valent U.S.A. Corporation. 154 p. 

44889230 2017184 Velagaleti, Ranga. November 3, 1998. Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism of 

14C-KIH-2023. Report Number: 39637. Unpublished study performed 

by ABC Laboratories, Inc., 7200 East ABC Lane, P.O. Box 1097, 

Columbia, Missouri 65205; and submitted by Valent USA Co., Walnut 

Creek, California

44889229 2017185 Velagaleti, R.; Gorman, M.; Adkins, T. (1998) Anaerobic Aquatic 

Metabolism of (carbon-14)-KIH-2023: Lab Project Number: 39638: 

9900049: N162-3. Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, 

Inc. 292 p. 

45359301 2017189

Same 

Project 

number 

different 

citations

Heim, D.; Gohre, K.; Rose, A. (2001) Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism 

of (carbon 14)-KIH-2023: Lab Project Number: 39638: 200100044. 

Unpublished study prepared by ABC Labs., Inc. 553 p. 

45359301 2017189

****

Velagaleti, Ranga. October 16, 1998. Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism 

of 14C-KIH-2023. Report Number: 39638. Unpublished study 

performed by ABC Laboratories, Inc., 7200 East ABC Lane, P.O. 

Box 1097, Columbia, Missouri 65205; and submitted by Valent USA 

Co., Walnut Creek, California.

4889231 2017183 Velagaleti, R.; Laster, W.; McGowan, N. (1991) Soil/Sediment 

Adsorption-Desorption of (carbon-14)-KIH-2023: Lab Project 

Number: 39165: 9800433: N-163-1. Unpublished study prepared by 

ABC Laboratories, Inc. 112 p. 

45902701 2016930

2016929-

memo

Schreier, T. (2003) Terrestrial Field Soil Dissipation of BispyribacSodium on Turf in Illinois: Lab Project Number: 23780: VP-23780: V02-23780. Unpublished study prepared by Valent U.S.A. 

Corporation. 399 p. 
Page 29 of 51

45902702 2016931

2016929-

memo

Schreier, T. (2003) Terrestrial Field Soil Dissipation of BispyribacSodium on Turf in Virginia: Lab Project Number: VP-23798: V23798-02-A: RM-35S4. Unpublished study prepared by Valent 

U.S.A. Corporation. 402 p. 

44889232 2017188 Schreier, T. (1999) Aquatic Dissipation of Bispyribac-Sodium 

Following Application of Regiment 80 S to a Flooded Rice Field: Lab 

Project Number: VP-11750: 9900253: V-97-11750. Unpublished 

study prepared by Valent USA Corporation. 480 p. 

44889233 2085193-

upgraded

Judy, D.; Lochhaas, C. (1993) Aquatic Field Dissipation Study for 

KIH-2023, Arkansas Site: Lab Project Number: 394711: 9800314: 

FS-900501. Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 

162 p. 

44889234 2085192-

upgrade

Judy, D.; Lochhaas, C. (1994) Aquatic Field Dissipation Study for 

KIH-2023, Louisiana Site: Lab Project Number: 394721: 9800315: 

FS-900502. Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 

163 p. 

44889235 2085192-

upgrade

Judy, D.; Lochhaas, C. (1993) Aquatic Field Dissipation Study for 

KIH-2023, Louisiana Site: Lab Project Number: 39472: 9800317: FS900502. Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 195 

p. 

44889236 2085928 Rice, F.; Judy, D.; Lochhaas, C. (1992) Combined Magnitude of the 

Residue in Rice Raw Agricultural Commodities and Preliminary 

Aquatic Dissipation Study for KIH-2023: Lab Project Number: 38709: 

9900050: FS-901510. Unpublished study prepared by ABC 

Laboratories, Inc. 206 p. 

44929932 2085193-

upgrade

Judy, D.; Lochhaas, C. (1993) Aquatic Field Dissipation for KIH2023, Arkansas Site: Lab Project Number: 39471: 9800316. 

Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 207 p. 

45243501 Supplement 

1 to MRID 

#44889232

Schreier, T. (2000) Supplement 1 to MRID #44889232 Determination 

of V-10029 in Soil and Soil Sediment, RM-35S(Bispyribac-sodium 

Technical): Lab Project Number: RM-35S. Unpublished study 

prepared by Valent U.S.A. Corporation. 36 p. {OPPTS 850.7100} 

D270077 2075906 Bispyribac Sodium Lab Method Evaluation Report No. ECM 

0183~11-RM-35s: Determination of V-10029 in Soil and Soil 

Sediment- BEAD Lab report

45243502 Supplement 

1 to MRID 

#44889233

Schreier, T. (2000) Supplement 1 to MRID #44889233 Liquid 

Chromatographic Method for Determination of Me2BA in Arkansas 

Soil (Bispyribac-Sodium Technical): Lab Project Number: 39471. 

Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 25 p. 

{OPPTS 850.7100} 

ECM 

0186S1-2

2063259

2063260

Environmental Chemistry Method Validation Report Number ECM 

0186S1-2

Bispyribac Sodium Metabolites: MeBA and DesMe-2023 in Soil

45243503 Supplement 

2 to MRID 

#44889233

Schreier, T. (2000) Supplement 2 to MRID #44889233 Determination 

of MeBA and DesMe-2023 in Water, RM-35WM (Bispyribac-Sodium 

Technical): Lab Project Number: RM-35WM. Unpublished study 

prepared by Valent U.S.A. Corporation. 26 p. {OPPTS 850.7100} 
Page 30 of 51

ECM0186

W1-2

2063261 Environmental Chemistry Method Validation Report Number ECM 

0186W1-2 Bispyribac Sodium Metabolites: MeBA and Des Me-2023 

in Surface Water

45243504 Supplement 

2 to MRID 

#44889233

Schreier, T. (2000) Supplement 2 to MRID #44889233 Liquid 

Chromatographic Method for Determination of Me2BA in Water 

(Bispyribac-Sodium Technical): Lab Project Number: 39471. 

Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 24 p. 

{OPPTS 850.7100} 

45243505 Supplement 

3 to MRID 

#44889232

Schreier, T. (2000) Supplement 3 to MRID #44889232 Determination 

of V-10029 in Water, RM-35WM (Bispyribac-Sodium Technical): Lab 

Project Number: RM-35W. Unpublished study prepared by Valent 

U.S.A. Corporation. 35 p. {OPPTS 850.7100} 

45243506 Supplement 

4 to MRID 

#44889232

Schreier, T. (2000) Supplement 4 to MRID #44889232 Determination 

of MeBA and DesMe-2023 in Soil, RM-35SM-1 (Bispyribac-Sodium 

Technical): Lab Project Number: RM-35SM-1. Unpublished study 

prepared by Valent U.S.A. Corporation. 48 p. {OPPTS 850.7100} 

48026101 2085270 

memo re 

Valent 

Response

Charlton, R. (2010) Valent Response to Data Evaluation Reports for 

Aquatic Dissipation and Residue Studies for Bispyribac-Sodium. 

Project Number: VP/37275, 201000091. Unpublished study prepared 

by Valent U.S.A. Corporation. 53 p.

45330101 2085192-

upgraded

Judy, D.; Lochhaas, C. (2001) Aquatic Field Dissipation Study for 

KIH-2023, Louisiana Site: Lab Project Number: 394721. Unpublished 

study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 165 p. 

45354501 2085193-

upgraded

2085928

Pg.34

Judy, D.; Lochhaas, C. (1993) Aquatic Field Dissipation Study for 

KIH-2023, Arkansas Site: Lab Project Number: 394711: 9800314. 

Unpublished study prepared by ABC Labs., Inc. 162 p. 

48026102 2085928

Pg.34

Judy, D. (2001) Aquatic Field Dissipation Study for KIH-2023, 

Arkansas Site: Final Report. Project Number: 394712, 200200166, 

394712/10. Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 

39 p.

48026103 2085192-

supplementa

l data

Judy, D. (2001) Aquatic Field Dissipation Study for KIH-2023, 

Lousiana Site: Final Report. Project Number: 394722, 394722/3, 

200200137. Unpublished study prepared by ABC Laboratories, Inc. 

41 p.

47635304 2085194 White, S.M. and Barker, W. 2008. Aquatic dissipation of bispyribacsodium in Florida during 2007. Unpublished study performed by 

Eurofins-Agrisearch Americas Inc.Mebane,North Carolina (test 

facility), Research Options, Inc., Montezuma, Georgia (fieldphase) 

and En-Cas Analytical Laboratories, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 

(analytical phase)and submitted by Valent U.S.A. Corporation, 

Walnut Creek, California (pp. 1, 5 and 6).Laboratory Project ID: 

Valent Study No. AU/11929/VL. Experiment initiation July 51, 2007 

(test application; p. 15) and completion March 4,2008 (analytical 

phase; Appendix 3, p. 85). Finalreport issued December 

19,2008.Page 3

44889006 Hewitt, A. (1999) Aerial Atomization Droplet Size Spectra for Rice 

Herbicides: Lab Project Number: V99-001: 9900236. Unpublished 
Page 31 of 51

study prepared by Stewart Agricultural Research Services, Inc. 157 

p. 

47635300

Petition Valent U.S.A Corporation (2008) Submission of Residue Data in 

Support of the Petition for Tolerance of Bispyribac-Sodium and its 

Metabolite Des-Methyl KIH-2023 for Use on Fish, the Application for 

Registration of Tradewind Herbicide and the Amended Registration 

of Bispyribac-Sodium Technical. Transmittal of 4 Studies.

47635302

ECM 

Method 

review not 

located

Smith, C. (2008) Analytical Method Validation for the Determination of 

Bispyribac-Sodium and Des-Methyl KIH-2023 (Bispyribac-Na 

Metabolite) Fish Tissue and in Tank Water. Project Number: 080288, 

200800354. Unpublished study prepared by Golden Pacific 

Laboratories, LLC (GPL). 85 p.

D339872 2063653 Review of proposed aquatic field dissipation study protocol for 

bispyribac-sodium

ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS

44929903 2054068 Campbell, S.; Grimes, J.; Jaber, M. (1993) KIH-2023: An Acute Oral 

Toxicity Study with the Northern Bobwhite: Lab Project Number: 267-

108: 9900069. Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International, Ltd. 

21 p. 

44929904 2054069 Campbell, S.; Beavers, J. (1993) KIH-2023: A Dietary LC50 Study with 

the Mallard: Lab Project Number: 267-110: 9900070. Unpublished 

study prepared by Wildlife International, Ltd. 38 p. 

44929905 2054070 Campbell, S.; Beavers, J. (1993) KIH-2023: A Dietary LC50 Study with 

the Northern Bobwhite: Lab Project Number: 267-109: 9900085. 

Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International, Ltd. 36 p. 

45197301 2054071 Frey, L.; Martin, K.; Beavers, J.; et al. (2000) Bispyribac-Sodium: A 

Reproduction Study with the Mallard: Lab Project Number: 263-144. 

Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International, Ltd. 158 p. 

{OPPTS 850.2300} 

45197302 2054072 Frey, L.; Martin, K.; Beavers, J.; et al. (2000) Bispyribac-Sodium: A 

Reproduction Study with the Northern Bobwhite: Lab Project Number: 

263-143. Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International, Ltd. 159 

p. {OPPTS 850.2300} 

44889114 2054054 Douglas, M.; Stonehewer, R.; Macdonald, I. (1998) The Acute Toxicity 

of KIH-2023 to Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Lab Project 

Number: KCI 45(C)/901717: 9900078. Unpublished study prepared by 

Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd. 23 p. 

44889115 2054055 Douglas, M.; Stonehewer, R.; Macdonald, I. (1998) The Acute Toxicity 

of KIH-2023 to Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus): Lab Project 

Number: KCI45(D)/901718: 9900079. Unpublished study prepared by 

Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd. 22 p. 

48060603 Waiver

request

Rose, A. (2010) Waiver Request: Freshwater Fish and Invertebrate 

Acute Toxicity to Bispyribac-Sodium Typical End-Use Product. Project 

Number: VP/37483, 201000122. Unpublished study prepared by Valent 

U.S.A. Corporation. 4 p.
Page 32 of 51

44889116 2054056 Douglas, M.; Stonehewer, R.; Macdonald, I. (1998) The Acute Toxicity 

of KIH-2023 to Daphnia magna: Lab Project Number: KCI45(B)/901716: 

9900077. Unpublished study prepared by Huntingdon Life Sciences 

Ltd. 22 p. 

48060603 Waiver

request

Rose, A. (2010) Waiver Request: Freshwater Fish and Invertebrate 

Acute Toxicity to Bispyribac-Sodium Typical End-Use Product. Project 

Number: VP/37483, 201000122. Unpublished study prepared by Valent 

U.S.A. Corporation. 4 p.

44889117 2083159 Dionne, E. (1998) Bispyribac-Sodium 80S--Acute Toxicity to Eastern 

Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Under Flow-Through Conditions: Lab 

Project Number: 98-1-7229: 9900052. Unpublished study prepared by 

Springborn Laboratories, Inc. 73 p. 

44889118 2054057 Sousa, J. (1998) Bispyribac-Sodium 80S--Acute Toxicity to 

Sheepshead Minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) Under Flow-Through 

Conditions: Lab Project Number: 9800361: 98-5-7333. Unpublished 

study prepared by Springborn Laboratories, Inc. 72 p. 

44889119 2054058 Putt, A. (1998) Bispyribac-Sodium 80S--Acute Toxicity to Mysids 

(Mysidopsis bahia) Under Flow-Through Conditions: Lab Project 

Number: 98-3-7270: 9800360. Unpublished study prepared by 

Springborn Laboratories, Inc. 74 p. 

44889120 2054059 Putt, A. (1999) Bispyribac-Sodium--Full Life Cycle Toxicity Test with 

Water Fleas, Daphnia magna Under Flow-Through Conditions: Lab 

Project Number: VP-1200: 9900199. Unpublished study prepared by 

Springborn Laboratories, Inc. 67 p. {OPPTS 850.1300} 

48114201 2085780

2085804

2085795 

and 

2085803= 

memos

Dorgerloh, M. (2001) Bispyribac-Sodium (KIH 2023): Early Life-Stage 

Limit Test with Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) under FlowThrough Conditions: Final Report. Project Number: 1022/010/122. 

Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Laboratories (Europe) Ag. 

54 p.

44889221 2054063 R. S. Chetram, (March 4, 1998) Tier 2 Vegetative Vigor Nontarget 

Phytotoxicity Study using an 80% WP Formulation of V-10029. Valent 

U.S.A. Corporation Dublin Laboratory, ABC Laboratories California

44889222 2054064 R. Chetram, (August 4, 1998) Tier 2 Seedling Emergence Nontarget 

Phytotoxicity Study Using an 80% WP Formulation of V-10029 Valent 

U.S.A. Corporation, Dublin Laboratory ABC Laboratories California.

44889217 2054060 Douglas, M.; Stonehewer, R.; Macdonald, I. (1998) The Algistatic 

Activity of KIH-2023: Lab Project Number: KCI 45A/901715: 9900076. 

Unpublished study prepared by Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd. 26 p. 

44889218 2083141-

signed 

copy

2085458

Hoberg, J. (1998) Bispyribac-Sodium--Toxicity to the Freshwater BlueGreen Alga, Anabaena flos-aquae: Lab Project Number: 98-3-7263: 

9800359. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Laboratories, 

Inc. 65 p. 

44889219 2054061 Hoberg, J. (1998) Bispyribac-Sodium--Toxicity to the Freshwater 

Diatom, Navicula pelliculosa: Lab Project Number: 98-1-7226: 

9800370. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Laboratories, 

Inc. 64 p. 
Page 33 of 51

44889220 2054062 Hoberg, J. (1998) Bispyribac-Sodium--Toxicity to the Marine Diatom, 

Skeletonema costatum: Lab Project Number: 98-2-7251: 9800371. 

Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Laboratories, Inc. 66 p. 

44889223 2054065 Hoberg, J. (1998) Bispyribac-Sodium--Toxicity to the Duckweed, 

Lemna gibba: Lab Project Number: 98-3-7275: 9800296. Unpublished 

study prepared by Springborn Laboratories, Inc. 78 p. 

48060604 Waiver Rose, A. (2010) Waiver Request: Toxicity of Bispyribac-Sodium 

Typical End-Use Product to an Aquatic Plant (Lemna spp.). Project 

Number: VP/37488, 201000123. Unpublished study prepared by 

Valent U.S.A. Corporation. 4 p.

46076602 2016958

2016934= 

memo

Sayers, L. (2003) Bispribac-Sodium (V-10029) - Toxicity to the 

Freshwater Green Alga, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Project 

Number: 12709/6220, 200300268, VP/26067. Unpublished study 

prepared by Springborn Smithers Laboratories. 54 p.

47954502 Open Lit Ma, J.; Liang, W.; Xu, L.; et al. (2000) Acute Toxicity of 33 Herbicides 

to the Green Alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Bulletin of Environmental 

Contamination and Toxicology 66:536-541.

47954503 Open Lit Ma, J. (2001) Differential Sensitivity to 30 Herbicides Among 

Populations of Two Green Algae Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella 

pyrenoidosa. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 

68:275-281.

47954504 Open Lit Ma, J.; Xu, L.; Wang, S.; et al. (2001) Toxicity of 40 Herbicides to the 

Green Alga Chlorella vulgaris. Exotoxicology and Environmental 

Safety 51:128-132.

47954505 Open Lit Ma, J.; Lin, F.; Wang, S.; et al. (2004) Acute Toxicity Assessment of 20 

Herbicides to the Green Alga Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Breb. 

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 72: 1164-

1171. 

44889224 2054066 Collins, M. (1999) Bispyribac-Sodium--Acute Contact Toxicity Test with 

Honey Bees (Apis mellifera): Lab Project Number: 98-10-7523: 

9900203. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Laboratories, 

Inc. 54 p. 

44889225 2054067 Johnson, A. (1997) KIH-2023 Acute Toxicity (LC50) to the Earthworm 

(Eisenia foetida): Lab Project Number: KCI 64/942475: 9900080. 

Unpublished study prepared by Huntingdon Life Sciences Ltd. 18 p. 

45830104 Not sure if 

compared 

to 078906

Rosser, S.; Kramer, V.; Krieger, M. (2002) Penoxsulam (XDE-638) 

Comparative Ecological Risk Assessment Based on Use in U.S. 

Rice: Lab Project Number: GH-C 5518. Unpublished study prepared 

by Dow AgroSciences LLC. 67 p. 

N.A. 2075902 2001 Memo re Data review status
Page 34 of 51

Appendix B. Pending and Active Registrations for Bispyribac-Sodium 

Registration 

#

Registration 

Name Company # Company Name % of Active Ingredient

59639-105 REGIMENT 

HERBICIDE 59639 VALENT U.S.A. CORP.

80

59639-130 VELOCITY 

HERBICIDE 59639 VALENT U.S.A. CORP.

80

59639-136 VELOCITY SG 

HERBICIDE 59639 VALENT U.S.A. CORP.

17.6

59639-165 TRADEWIND 

HERBICIDE 59639 VALENT U.S.A. CORP.

80

63588-12

BISPYRIBACSODIUM 

TECHNICAL

63588 K-I CHEMICAL 

U.S.A. INC 98

FL030002 REGIMENT 

HERBICIDE 59639 VALENT U.S.A. CORP.

80

GA020006 REGIMENT 

HERBICIDE 59639

VALENT 

U.S.A. 

CORPORATIO

N

80

MI030002 VELOCITY 

HERBICIDE 59639 VALENT U.S.A. CORP.

80

NC030007 REGIMENT 

HERBICIDE 59639 VALENT U.S.A. CORP.

80

SC030001 REGIMENT 

HERBICIDE 59639 VALENT U.S.A. CORP.

80

TX030014 REGIMENT 

HERBICIDE 59639 VALENT U.S.A. CORP.

80

59639-EUP13 59639 VALENT 

U.S.A. CORP.

80
Page 35 of 51

Appendix C. Ecological Model Results

A. SIP (version 1.0)

Input

Application and Chemical Information

Enter Chemical Name bispyribac-sodium

Enter Chemical Use herbicide

Is the Application a Spray? (enter y or n) y

If Spray What Type (enter ground or air) ground

Enter Chemical Molecular Weight (g/mole) 452.4

Enter Chemical Vapor Pressure (mmHg) 1.00E-07

Enter Application Rate (lb a.i./acre) 0.1

Toxicity Properties

Bird

Enter Lowest Bird Oral LD50 (mg/kg bw) 2250

Enter Mineau Scaling Factor 1.15

Enter Tested Bird Weight (kg) 0.178

Mammal

Enter Lowest Rat Oral LD50 (mg/kg bw) 1000

Enter Lowest Rat Inhalation LC50 (mg/L) 3.35

Duration of Rat Inhalation Study (hrs) 4

Enter Rat Weight (kg) 0.35

Output

Results Avian (0.020 kg )

Maximum Vapor Concentration in Air at Saturation (mg/m3) 2.43E-03

Maximum 1-hour Vapor Inhalation Dose (mg/kg) 3.06E-04

Adjusted Inhalation LD50 4.20E+01

Ratio of Vapor Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50 7.28E-06

Exposure not Likely 

Significant

Maximum Post-treatment Spray Inhalation Dose (mg/kg) 1.06E-02

Ratio of Droplet Inhalation Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50 2.51E-04

Exposure not Likely 

Significant

Results Mammalian (0.015 kg )

Maximum Vapor Concentration in Air at Saturation (mg/m3) 2.43E-03

Maximum 1-hour Vapor Inhalation Dose (mg/kg) 3.85E-04

Adjusted Inhalation LD50 1.99E+02

Ratio of Vapor Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50 1.93E-06

Exposure not Likely 

Significant

Maximum Post-treatment Spray Inhalation Dose (mg/kg) 1.33E-02

Ratio of Droplet Inhalation Dose to Adjusted Inhalation LD50 6.66E-05

Exposure not Likely 

Significant
Page 36 of 51

STIR (version 1.0)

Table 1. Inputs

Parameter Value

Chemical name bispyribac-sodium

Solubility (in water at 25oC; mg/L) 73300

Mammalian LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 3565

Mammalian test species laboratory rat

Body weight (g) of "other" mammalian species

Mammalian NOAEL (mg/kg-bw) 1000

Mammalian test species laboratory rat

Body weight (g) of "other" mammalian species

Avian LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 2250

Avian test species northern bobwhite quail

Body weight (g) of "other" avian species

Mineau scaling factor 1.15

Mallard NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 1000

Bobwhite quail NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 1000

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) for other bird species

Body weight (g) of other avian species

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) for 2nd other bird species

Body weight (g) of 2nd other avian species

Table 2. Mammalian Results

Parameter Acute Chronic

Upper bound exposure (mg/kg-bw) 12607.6000 12607.6000

Adjusted toxicity value (mg/kg-bw) 2742.0574 769.1606

Ratio of exposure to toxicity 4.5979 16.3914

Conclusion

Exposure through drinking 

water alone is a potential 

concern for mammals

Exposure through drinking 

water alone is a potential 

concern for mammals

Table 3. Avian Results

Parameter Acute Chronic

Upper bound exposure (mg/kg-bw) 59373.0000 59373.0000

Adjusted toxicity value (mg/kg-bw) 1620.9664 49.6126

Ratio of exposure to acute toxicity 36.6281 1196.7332

Conclusion

Exposure through drinking 

water alone is a potential 

concern for birds

Exposure through drinking 

water alone is a potential 

concern for birds
Page 37 of 51

Appenidx D. EcoSAR estimates of physical chemical properties and toxicity for bispyribacsodium and its major degradates.

A. EcoSAR estimates for bispyribac-sodium properties

ECOSAR Version 1.11 Results Page

SMILES : n1c(OC)cc(OC)nc1Oc2cccc(Oc3nc(OC)cc(OC)n3)c2C(=O)O

User SMILES: n1c(OC)cc(OC)nc1Oc2cccc(Oc3nc(OC)cc(OC)n3)c2C(=O)[O-

].[Na+]

CHEM : KIH-2023 (sodium salt)

CAS Num: 125401-92-5

ChemID1: 

MOL FOR: C19 H18 N4 O8 

MOL WT : 430.38

Log Kow: 1.245 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Log Kow: (User Entered)

Log Kow: (PhysProp DB exp value - for comparison only)

Melt Pt: (User Entered for Wat Sol estimate)

Melt Pt: (deg C, PhysProp DB exp value for Wat Sol 

estimate)

Wat Sol: 171.1 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

Wat Sol: (User Entered)

Wat Sol: (PhysProp DB exp value)

--------------------------------------

Values used to Generate ECOSAR Profile

--------------------------------------

Log Kow: 1.245 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Wat Sol: 171.1 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

------------------------------------------------

Available Measured Data from ECOSAR Training Set

------------------------------------------------

 No Data Available

--------------------------------------

ECOSAR v1.1 Class-specific Estimations

--------------------------------------

********************************************************************

**********

| Not Related to an Existing ECOSAR Class Definition 

|

| 

|

| Estimates provided below use the Neutral Organics QSAR equations 

which |
Page 38 of 51

| represent baseline toxicity potential (minimum toxicity) assuming 

a simple |

| non-polar narcosis model. Without empirical data on structurally 

similar |

| chemicals, it is uncertain if this substance will present 

significantly |

| higher toxicity above baseline estimates. 

|

********************************************************************

**********

********************************************************************

*******

* NOTE: METAL ([Na], [Li] or [K]) HAS BEEN REMOVED FOR PROPER 

ESTIMATION. *

* SALTS SHOULD BE ENTERED IN ECOSAR AS THE NEUTRAL NON-SALT FORM OF 

THE *

* MOLECULE CORRESPONDING TO EITHER THE FREE BASE OR CONJUGATE ACID. 

*

* SEE HELP MENU FOR MORE INFORMATION 

*

********************************************************************

*******

 

Predicted

ECOSAR Class Organism Duration End Pt 

mg/L (ppm)

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

--> Acid moeity found: Predicted values multiplied by 10

Neutral Organics-acid : Fish 96-hr LC50 

16832.758 *

Neutral Organics-acid : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

8914.475 *

Neutral Organics-acid : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

4978.323 *

Neutral Organics-acid : Fish ChV 

1515.524 *

Neutral Organics-acid : Daphnid ChV 

716.114 *

Neutral Organics-acid : Green Algae ChV 

1116.342 *

Neutral Organics-acid : Fish (SW) 96-hr LC50 

21095.672 *

Neutral Organics-acid : Mysid 96-hr LC50 

26139.461 *

Neutral Organics-acid : Fish (SW) ChV 

1444.353 *
Page 39 of 51

Neutral Organics-acid : Mysid (SW) ChV 

2825.619 *

Neutral Organics-acid : Earthworm 14-day LC50 

8959.854 *

Note: * = asterisk designates: Chemical may not be soluble enough 

to

 measure this predicted effect. If the effect level exceeds 

the

 water solubility by 10X, typically no effects at saturation 

(NES)

 are reported.

------------------------------

Class Specific LogKow Cut-Offs

------------------------------

If the log Kow of the chemical is greater than the endpoint specific 

cut-offs

presented below, then no effects at saturation are expected for 

those endpoints.

Neutral Organics:

----------------

Maximum LogKow: 5.0 (Fish 96-hr LC50; Daphnid LC50, Mysid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.0 (Earthworm LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (Green Algae EC50)

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

----------
Page 40 of 51

B. EcoSAR estimates DesMe-2023 properties

ECOSAR Version 1.11 Results Page

SMILES : O=C(c3c(Oc2nc(O)cc(OC)n2)cccc3Oc1nc(OC)cc(OC)n1)O

User SMILES: C(=O)(c1c(Oc2nc(O)cc(OC)n2)cccc1Oc1nc(OC)cc(OC)n1)O{-

}.[Na]{+}

CHEM : KIH-2023 (sodium salt)

CAS Num: 125401-92-5

ChemID1: 

MOL FOR: C18 H16 N4 O8 

MOL WT : 416.35

Log Kow: 0.979 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Log Kow: (User Entered)

Log Kow: (PhysProp DB exp value - for comparison only)

Melt Pt: (User Entered for Wat Sol estimate)

Melt Pt: (deg C, PhysProp DB exp value for Wat Sol 

estimate)

Wat Sol: 353.2 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

Wat Sol: (User Entered)

Wat Sol: (PhysProp DB exp value)

--------------------------------------

Values used to Generate ECOSAR Profile

--------------------------------------

Log Kow: 0.979 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Wat Sol: 353.2 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

------------------------------------------------

Available Measured Data from ECOSAR Training Set

------------------------------------------------

 No Data Available

--------------------------------------

ECOSAR v1.1 Class-specific Estimations

--------------------------------------

Phenols-acid

********************************************************************

*******

* NOTE: METAL ([Na], [Li] or [K]) HAS BEEN REMOVED FOR PROPER 

ESTIMATION. *

* SALTS SHOULD BE ENTERED IN ECOSAR AS THE NEUTRAL NON-SALT FORM OF 

THE *

* MOLECULE CORRESPONDING TO EITHER THE FREE BASE OR CONJUGATE ACID. 

*

* SEE HELP MENU FOR MORE INFORMATION 

*
Page 41 of 51

********************************************************************

*******

 

Predicted

ECOSAR Class Organism Duration End Pt 

mg/L (ppm)

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

--> Acid moeity found: Predicted values multiplied by 10

Phenols-acid : Fish 96-hr LC50 

4315.354 *

Phenols-acid : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

824.769 *

Phenols-acid : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

4188.917 *

Phenols-acid : Fish ChV 

375.151 *

Phenols-acid : Daphnid ChV 

157.162

Phenols-acid : Green Algae ChV 

1993.494 *

Phenols-acid : Fish (SW) 96-hr LC50 

2345.656 *

Phenols-acid : Earthworm 14-day LC50 

10110.711 *

Phenols-acid : Lemna gibba 7-day EC50 

3976.868 *

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

Neutral Organic SAR : Fish 96-hr LC50 

2822.665 *

(Baseline Toxicity) : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

1458.590 *

 : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

735.898 *

 : Fish ChV 

246.879

 : Daphnid ChV 

109.429

 : Green Algae ChV 

156.235

Note: * = asterisk designates: Chemical may not be soluble enough 

to

 measure this predicted effect. If the effect level exceeds 

the

 water solubility by 10X, typically no effects at saturation 

(NES)

 are reported.
Page 42 of 51

------------------------------

Class Specific LogKow Cut-Offs

------------------------------

If the log Kow of the chemical is greater than the endpoint specific 

cut-offs

presented below, then no effects at saturation are expected for 

those endpoints.

Phenols:

-------

Maximum LogKow: 7.0 (Fish 96-hr LC50, Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (Earthworm, Lemna)

Maximum LogKow: 7.0 (Green Algae EC50

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

Maximum LogKow: 5.0 (Fish (SW) 96-hr LC50, Mysid)

Baseline Toxicity SAR Limitations:

---------------------------------

Maximum LogKow: 5.0 (Fish 96-hr LC50; Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (Green Algae EC50)

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

----------

C. EcoSAR estimates DesMe-180 properties

ECOSAR Version 1.11 Results Page

SMILES : O=C(c2c(O)cccc2Oc1nc(O)cc(OC)n1)O

User SMILES: C(=O)(c1c(O)cccc1Oc1nc(O)cc(OC)n1)O{-}.[Na]{+}

CHEM : DesMe-180

CAS Num: 

ChemID1: 

MOL FOR: C12 H10 N2 O6 

MOL WT : 278.22

Log Kow: 1.457 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Log Kow: (User Entered)

Log Kow: (PhysProp DB exp value - for comparison only)

Melt Pt: (User Entered for Wat Sol estimate)

Melt Pt: (deg C, PhysProp DB exp value for Wat Sol 

estimate)

Wat Sol: 3556 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

Wat Sol: (User Entered)

Wat Sol: (PhysProp DB exp value)

--------------------------------------

Values used to Generate ECOSAR Profile

--------------------------------------

Log Kow: 1.457 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)
Page 43 of 51

Wat Sol: 3556 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

------------------------------------------------

Available Measured Data from ECOSAR Training Set

------------------------------------------------

 No Data Available

--------------------------------------

ECOSAR v1.1 Class-specific Estimations

--------------------------------------

Phenols, Poly -acid

********************************************************************

*******

* NOTE: METAL ([Na], [Li] or [K]) HAS BEEN REMOVED FOR PROPER 

ESTIMATION. *

* SALTS SHOULD BE ENTERED IN ECOSAR AS THE NEUTRAL NON-SALT FORM OF 

THE *

* MOLECULE CORRESPONDING TO EITHER THE FREE BASE OR CONJUGATE ACID. 

*

* SEE HELP MENU FOR MORE INFORMATION 

*

********************************************************************

*******

 

Predicted

ECOSAR Class Organism Duration End Pt 

mg/L (ppm)

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

--> Acid moeity found: Predicted values multiplied by 10

Phenols, Poly -acid : Fish 96-hr LC50 

313.933

Phenols, Poly -acid : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

3052.885

Phenols, Poly -acid : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

88.978

Phenols, Poly -acid : Fish ChV 

187.693

Phenols, Poly -acid : Daphnid ChV 

1180.047

Phenols, Poly -acid : Green Algae ChV 

10.986

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========
Page 44 of 51

Neutral Organic SAR : Fish 96-hr LC50 

702.960

(Baseline Toxicity) : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

379.616

 : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

229.808

 : Fish ChV 

64.764

 : Daphnid ChV 

32.197

 : Green Algae ChV 

53.821

Note: * = asterisk designates: Chemical may not be soluble enough 

to

 measure this predicted effect. If the effect level exceeds 

the

 water solubility by 10X, typically no effects at saturation 

(NES)

 are reported.

------------------------------

Class Specific LogKow Cut-Offs

------------------------------

If the log Kow of the chemical is greater than the endpoint specific 

cut-offs

presented below, then no effects at saturation are expected for 

those endpoints.

Phenols, Poly :

--------------

Maximum LogKow: 7.0 (Fish LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 5.5 (Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (EC50)

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

Baseline Toxicity SAR Limitations:

---------------------------------

Maximum LogKow: 5.0 (Fish 96-hr LC50; Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (Green Algae EC50)

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

----------

D. EcoSAR estimates Bx-180 properties
Page 45 of 51

ECOSAR Version 1.11 Results Page

SMILES : O=C(c2c(O)cccc2Oc1nc(OC)cc(OC)n1)O

User SMILES: C(=O)(c1c(O)cccc1Oc1nc(OC)cc(OC)n1)O{-}.[Na]{+}

CHEM : Bx-180

CAS Num: 

ChemID1: 

MOL FOR: C13 H12 N2 O6 

MOL WT : 292.25

Log Kow: 1.723 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Log Kow: (User Entered)

Log Kow: (PhysProp DB exp value - for comparison only)

Melt Pt: (User Entered for Wat Sol estimate)

Melt Pt: (deg C, PhysProp DB exp value for Wat Sol 

estimate)

Wat Sol: 1750 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

Wat Sol: (User Entered)

Wat Sol: (PhysProp DB exp value)

--------------------------------------

Values used to Generate ECOSAR Profile

--------------------------------------

Log Kow: 1.723 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Wat Sol: 1750 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

------------------------------------------------

Available Measured Data from ECOSAR Training Set

------------------------------------------------

 No Data Available

--------------------------------------

ECOSAR v1.1 Class-specific Estimations

--------------------------------------

Phenols-acid

********************************************************************

*******

* NOTE: METAL ([Na], [Li] or [K]) HAS BEEN REMOVED FOR PROPER 

ESTIMATION. *

* SALTS SHOULD BE ENTERED IN ECOSAR AS THE NEUTRAL NON-SALT FORM OF 

THE *

* MOLECULE CORRESPONDING TO EITHER THE FREE BASE OR CONJUGATE ACID. 

*

* SEE HELP MENU FOR MORE INFORMATION 

*

********************************************************************

*******
Page 46 of 51

 

Predicted

ECOSAR Class Organism Duration End Pt 

mg/L (ppm)

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

--> Acid moeity found: Predicted values multiplied by 10

Phenols-acid : Fish 96-hr LC50 

824.765

Phenols-acid : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

219.483

Phenols-acid : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

1037.057

Phenols-acid : Fish ChV 

79.946

Phenols-acid : Daphnid ChV 

41.773

Phenols-acid : Green Algae ChV 

488.909

Phenols-acid : Fish (SW) 96-hr LC50 

390.944

Phenols-acid : Earthworm 14-day LC50 

3524.866 *

Phenols-acid : Lemna gibba 7-day EC50 

631.799

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

Neutral Organic SAR : Fish 96-hr LC50 

425.988

(Baseline Toxicity) : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

235.764

 : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

157.980

 : Fish ChV 

40.400

 : Daphnid ChV 

21.411

 : Green Algae ChV 

39.079

Note: * = asterisk designates: Chemical may not be soluble enough 

to

 measure this predicted effect. If the effect level exceeds 

the

 water solubility by 10X, typically no effects at saturation 

(NES)

 are reported.

------------------------------

Class Specific LogKow Cut-Offs
Page 47 of 51

------------------------------

If the log Kow of the chemical is greater than the endpoint specific 

cut-offs

presented below, then no effects at saturation are expected for 

those endpoints.

Phenols:

-------

Maximum LogKow: 7.0 (Fish 96-hr LC50, Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (Earthworm, Lemna)

Maximum LogKow: 7.0 (Green Algae EC50

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

Maximum LogKow: 5.0 (Fish (SW) 96-hr LC50, Mysid)

Baseline Toxicity SAR Limitations:

---------------------------------

Maximum LogKow: 5.0 (Fish 96-hr LC50; Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (Green Algae EC50)

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

----------

E. EcoSAR estimates 2,6-DBA properties

ECOSAR Version 1.11 Results Page

SMILES : O=C(O)c1c(O)cccc1O

CHEM : 26DBA

CAS Num: 

ChemID1: 

MOL FOR: C7 H6 O4 

MOL WT : 154.12

Log Kow: 1.765 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Log Kow: (User Entered)

Log Kow: 2.20 (PhysProp DB exp value - for comparison only)

Melt Pt: (User Entered for Wat Sol estimate)

Melt Pt: 165.00 (deg C, PhysProp DB exp value for Wat Sol est, 

165 dec)

Wat Sol: 7177 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

Wat Sol: (User Entered)

Wat Sol: 9560 (mg/L, PhysProp DB exp value)

--------------------------------------

Values used to Generate ECOSAR Profile

--------------------------------------

Log Kow: 1.765 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Wat Sol: 9560 (mg/L, PhysProp DB exp value)
Page 48 of 51

------------------------------------------------

Available Measured Data from ECOSAR Training Set

------------------------------------------------

 No Data Available

--------------------------------------

ECOSAR v1.1 Class-specific Estimations

--------------------------------------

Phenols, Poly -acid

 

Predicted

ECOSAR Class Organism Duration End Pt 

mg/L (ppm)

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

--> Acid moeity found: Predicted values multiplied by 10

Phenols, Poly -acid : Fish 96-hr LC50 

114.013

Phenols, Poly -acid : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

981.077

Phenols, Poly -acid : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

38.787

Phenols, Poly -acid : Fish ChV 

65.046

Phenols, Poly -acid : Daphnid ChV 

372.217

Phenols, Poly -acid : Green Algae ChV 

5.012

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

Neutral Organic SAR : Fish 96-hr LC50 

206.049

(Baseline Toxicity) : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

114.479

 : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

77.944

 : Fish ChV 

19.631

 : Daphnid ChV 

10.509

 : Green Algae ChV 

19.447

Note: * = asterisk designates: Chemical may not be soluble enough 

to

 measure this predicted effect. If the effect level exceeds 

the

 water solubility by 10X, typically no effects at saturation 

(NES)
Page 49 of 51

 are reported.

------------------------------

Class Specific LogKow Cut-Offs

------------------------------

If the log Kow of the chemical is greater than the endpoint specific 

cut-offs

presented below, then no effects at saturation are expected for 

those endpoints.

Phenols, Poly :

--------------

Maximum LogKow: 7.0 (Fish LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 5.5 (Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (EC50)

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

Baseline Toxicity SAR Limitations:

---------------------------------

Maximum LogKow: 5.0 (Fish 96-hr LC50; Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (Green Algae EC50)

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

----------

F. EcoSAR estimates MeBa

ECOSAR Version 1.11 Results Page

SMILES : c1(O)cc(OC)nc(O)n1

CHEM : MeBa

CAS Num: 

ChemID1: 

MOL FOR: C5 H6 N2 O3 

MOL WT : 142.12

Log Kow: 1.016 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Log Kow: (User Entered)

Log Kow: (PhysProp DB exp value - for comparison only)

Melt Pt: (User Entered for Wat Sol estimate)

Melt Pt: (deg C, PhysProp DB exp value for Wat Sol 

estimate)

Wat Sol: 1.114E+004 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

Wat Sol: (User Entered)

Wat Sol: (PhysProp DB exp value)
Page 50 of 51

--------------------------------------

Values used to Generate ECOSAR Profile

--------------------------------------

Log Kow: 1.016 (EPISuite Kowwin v1.68 Estimate)

Wat Sol: 1.114E+004 (mg/L, EPISuite WSKowwin v1.43 Estimate)

------------------------------------------------

Available Measured Data from ECOSAR Training Set

------------------------------------------------

 No Data Available

--------------------------------------

ECOSAR v1.1 Class-specific Estimations

--------------------------------------

Phenols, Poly 

 

Predicted

ECOSAR Class Organism Duration End Pt 

mg/L (ppm)

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

Phenols, Poly : Fish 96-hr LC50 

29.366

Phenols, Poly : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

340.294

Phenols, Poly : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

6.407

Phenols, Poly : Fish ChV 

18.777

Phenols, Poly : Daphnid ChV 

135.097

Phenols, Poly : Green Algae ChV 

0.741

=========================== ================== ======== ====== 

==========

Neutral Organic SAR : Fish 96-hr LC50 

893.984

(Baseline Toxicity) : Daphnid 48-hr LC50 

463.506

 : Green Algae 96-hr EC50 

237.106

 : Fish ChV 

78.500

 : Daphnid ChV 

35.099

 : Green Algae ChV 

50.715

Note: * = asterisk designates: Chemical may not be soluble enough 

to
Page 51 of 51

 measure this predicted effect. If the effect level exceeds 

the

 water solubility by 10X, typically no effects at saturation 

(NES)

 are reported.

------------------------------

Class Specific LogKow Cut-Offs

------------------------------

If the log Kow of the chemical is greater than the endpoint specific 

cut-offs

presented below, then no effects at saturation are expected for 

those endpoints.

Phenols, Poly :

--------------

Maximum LogKow: 7.0 (Fish LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 5.5 (Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (EC50)

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

Baseline Toxicity SAR Limitations:

---------------------------------

Maximum LogKow: 5.0 (Fish 96-hr LC50; Daphnid LC50)

Maximum LogKow: 6.4 (Green Algae EC50)

Maximum LogKow: 8.0 (ChV)

--------------------------------------------------------------------

----------