p 1

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 

# AHAM Refrigerator, Refrigerator

- Freezer and

Freezer Ice Making Energy Test

Procedure

Revision 2.0

- 7/10 /12 

# P roposedp i

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 PREFACE

The Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers develops standards in accordance with AHAM’s “Policy and Procedures Governing Technical Standards” which states:

“AHAM Standards shall be in the best interest, mutually, of consumers who use appliances, the industries which provide and service appliances, and other interested parties. They shall relate to actual use conditions and be technically and scientifically sound

. ”

Use or observance o f AHAM standards is voluntary.

This standard contains:

Test procedures that may be applied to any brand or model of refrigerator, refrigerator

- freezer and freezer. Results of tests in accordance with this standard may be publicly stated.

Recommended levels of performance which are considered important to include but which, necessarily, are recommendations only.

With regard to safety, AHAM recommends that all appliance products

-- both major and portable

-- manufactured or marketed in the United State s be submitted to a Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL 1 ) for inspection and listing in conformance with the safety standards and procedures followed by such laboratories. The relevant standards for refrigerator, refrigerator

- freezer and freeze r s

are UL250 and IEC60335

- 2

- 24 latest edition.

AHAM welcomes comments and suggestions regarding this standard. Any standard may be reviewed and improved as needed. All standards must be updated or reconfirmed at least every five years. Any interested p arty, at any time, may request a change in an AHAM standard. Such request should be addressed to AHAM’s president, and should be accompanied by a statement of reason for the request and a suggested alternate proposal.

1 The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recogni z es laboratories that have the necessary qualifications to perform safety testing and certification of specific products covered within a scope of recognition as Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratories (NRTL).p ii

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 

### Copyright © 20 xx by the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) All rights reserved.

The hard copy print version of this document shall be for individual use only.

The electronic file version of this document shall be for storage on one computer for purposes of viewing and/or printing one copy for individual use only.

This document shall not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means, and shall not be transmitted electronically or otherwise to a third person without the prior written permission of AHAM.p iii

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Page

1. PURPOSE

................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 4

2. SCOPE

................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 4

3. DEFINITIONS

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 4

4

. TEST PROCEDURE

................................ ................................ ................................ 5p 4

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 1. PURPOSE

This standard establishes uniform, repeatable procedures or standard methods for measuring specified product characteristics of refrigerator s , refrigerator

- freezer s and freezers

.

The standard methods provide means to compare and evaluate different brands and models of refrigerator s , refrigerator

- freezer s and freezers regarding characteristics significant to product use.

The standard methods and the recommended levels of performance are not intended to inhibit improvement and innovation in product testing, design or performance.

The purpose of the T est Procedure is to measure the incremental energy to make ice by means of

one or more automatic ice maker s installed in a refrigerator, refrigerator

- freezer, or freezer

.

The principles of interpretation stated in 10 CFR 430.23 (a)(10) and 10 CFR 430.23 (b)(7) apply to this test procedure.

2. SCOPE

2.1. This standard only applies to refrigerator s , refrigerator

- freezer s and freezer s

, as defined by the Department of Energy 10 CFR 430.2

, with one or more automatic icemaker s (including

models equipped with the option to install one or more automatic icemaker s )

.

2.2. This standard includes definitions and methods for testing and evaluating refrigerator, refrigerator

- freezer and freezer automatic ice mak ing energ y consumption.

DEFINITIONS 3.

3.1. Automatic Icemaker

- A device, connected to a water supply, which automatically produces, harvests, and stores ice in a storage bin, with means to automatically interrupt the harvesting operation when the bin is filled to a pre

- determined amount.

3.2. Harvest

- The process of freeing and/ or removing ice pieces from an icemaker.

3.3. Comp r essor Cycle

- a compressor cycle is a complete "on" and a complete "off" period of the

motor

.

3.4. Ice Storage Bin

- A container in which ice can be stored

.p 5

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 TEST PROCEDURE

– Incremental Ice Making Energy Consumption 4.

4.1. Overview:

The refrigerator is to be set up per the DOE E nergy T est (per 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 ) except 4.1.1.
the controls are to be s et to obtain a fresh food temperature of 39 +/

- 2 ° F and a freezer temperature of 0 +/

- 2 ° F. Ice maker mold should be full during stability portion of test.

The DOE Energy Test 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix A targets for

, the fresh food 4.1.2. compartment interpolation a temperature of 39 ° F and for the freezer compartment a temperature of 0 ° F. 10 CFR 430 Subpart B Appendix B targets 0 °F for freezer compartment interpolation. This incremental ice making energy test focuses on th ose target temperature s i n the baseline test to simplify the burden of measuring ice making

energy.

When the ice maker is enabled for the second portion of the ice making energy test

, 4.1.3. the controls are not to be adjusted. T he compartment temperatures may move outside the target of 39/0 +/

- 2 ° F due to ice making. Th is is recognized and accepted since the customer is not expected to adjust the control settings for ice making vs. non

- ice making.

4.2. References

10 CFR Part 430, Subpart B, Appendix A: Uniform Test Method for Measuring the 4.2.1. Energy Consumption of Electric Refr igerator and Electric Refrigerator

- Freezers.

10 CFR Part 430, Subpart B, Appendix B: Uniform Test Method for Measuring the 4.2.2. Energy Consumption of Freezers.

AHAM HRF

- 1

- 2008 4.2.3.

4.3. Test Equipment and Conditions

Test setup per DOE Energy Test

. 4.3.1.

Inlet Water Temperature

– 90 +/

- 2 ° F 4.3.2.

Inlet Water Pressure

– 60 +/

- 15 psig 4.3.3.

4.4. Ice Making Incremental Energy Test

– Single Ice Maker

Calculate baseline average wattage b ased on the test results at the control setting that achieves the target of 39 +/

- 2 ° F for the fresh food compartment and 0 +/

- 2 ° F for the freezer compartment with the ice maker on, the ice maker mold is full, harvesting disabled, and bin empty. If the product under test cannot simultaneously achieve both target temperatures, then the baseline will be conducted at the 0 +/

- 2 ° F freezer temperature

.p 6

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 Ensure stability has been obtained for the baseline test. For a cycling unit, stability is 4.4.1.
calcul ated by comparing two periods that each consist of a the fewest number of whole compressor cycles exceeding two hours in duration that are separated by the fewest number of whole compressor cycles exceeding three hours in duration. In order to be

consider ed stable, the temperatures of the two two

- hour periods must not differ by more

than 0.042 °F/hour. For examples of this calculation, s ee Example 2 and Example 3 in the Appendix.

For a non

- cycling unit, stability is calculated by comparing two periods of exactly two hours separated by exactly three hours. These two two

- hour periods must n ot differ by

more than 0.042 ° F /hr. From the middle of the first period to the middle of the second period is five hours. The stability criterion is that the two periods’ averages must not differ by more than 0.21 °F (5 * 0.042 = 0.21).

Calculate baselin e energy , normalized per day

, ET BL24 (kWh /day ) 4.4.2.

ET BL 24 = ( EP BL ∗ 1440 )

T

BL

w here:

EP BL Baseline energy, energy consumed during the entire stability test period

, kWh

1440 conversion factor from minutes to days , minutes/day

T

BL Baseline time period

, time duration of the entire stability test period

, minutes

Initiation of Ice Making Test Procedure 4.4.3.

For units that can complete the baseline and ice making test without 4.4.3.1. encountering a defrost

, i nitiate ice making by enabling the ice maker ensuring that

wat er is available , the ice maker mold is full, and that the ice storage bin is empty. This would also apply to units where the defrost can be disabled or bypassed by the

tester. Operate the refrigerator making ice until the ice storage bin becomes full and stops the ice maker, or the first ice maker harvest after 24 hours ha ve passed from
the first ice maker harvest , or the next defrost cycle occurs

. For units that cannot complete the baseline and ice making test without 4.4.3.2. encountering a defrost , initiate ice making after the unit has recovered from a
defrost per 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix A, section 4.2.1.1 (including Figure 1) and 4.2.1.2 (including Figure 2) . Operate the refrigerator making ice until the ice storage bin becomes full and stops the ice maker, or the first ice maker harvest after 24 hours have passed from the first ice maker harvest, or the next
defrost cycle occurs.p 7

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 Incremental Ice Making Energy Calculation: Cycling Unit 4.4.4.

The graph below shows a typical watt trace for a refrigerator

- freezer with a cycling compressor during a period of ice making.

There are two different periods outlined in Figure 1: 1) Following the first full compressor cycle, which contains the fi rst ice maker harvest, the ice maker harvest cycles time period T IM , (red box), begins at the initiation of the next ice making harvest and ends at the initiation of the last ice making harvest , 2) compressor cycles time period, T comp (green box), begins at the start of the first full compressor cycle after the

initiation of T IM and ends at the finish of the last full compressor cycle before the ice maker harvest cycles time period

, T IM (red box)

, ends.Watts

Seconds

Ice created after

the initiation of the

last ice making

harvest is not

included in M ice

. Ice created before the completion of

the first full compressor cycle is

not included in M ice

. Figure 1. Typical Refrigerator

- Freezer Watt Trace during Ice Making Period.

The compressor cycles time period

, T comp , ends

at the finish of last full

compressor cycle

before the ice maker harvest cycles time period

, T IM , ends

. The compressor cycles time period

, T

comp , begins at the

start of the first full compressor cycle

after the initiation of

T

IM

. The ice maker harvest cycles time period

, T IM , ends at the

initiation of the last ice making harvest. Following the first full compressor cycle that occurs

after the initiation of ice making (see 4.4.3 ) , the icemaker harvest cycles time period, T IM , begins at the initiation of the next ice making harvest

.p 8

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 Calculate the energy consumed d uring the compressor cycling during ice 4.4.4.1. making (green box) period, normalized to per day, ET comp24 (kWh /day ).

ET comp 24 = EP comp ∗ 1440

T

comp

w here :

EP comp energy consumed during compressor cycles time period , kWh

T

comp compressor cycles time p eriod , minutes

Calculate the ice production rate, normalized to per day and adjusted for the 4.4.4.2. difference in compressor percent run time between T IM and T comp , M ̇ ice24 (lb

m /day )

M

̇ ice 24 = � M ice

EP IM � � EP comp T

comp � ( 1440 )

where:

M

ice mass of ice produced during ice maker harvest period

, lb
m

Note: ice produced during the ice maker harvest cycles time period (red box in Figure 1) does not include the following:

• ice harvested prior to

, T IM

• ice harvested after the initiation of the last harvest cycle

EP IM energy consumed during the icemaker harvest cycles time period , kWh

Calculate the incremental ice making energy per unit mass, EM ice (kWh/lb

m ) 4.4.4.3.

EM ice = � ET comp 24 − ET BL 24

M

̇ ice 24 �p 9

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 Incremental Ice Making Energy Calculation: Non

- Cycli ng Unit 4.4.5.

The graph below shows a typical watt trace for a refrigerator

- freezer with a non

- cycling compressor during a period of ice making.

Figure 2. Typical Refrigerator

- Freezer Watt Trace for a Non

- Cycling Compressor Unit during an Ice Making Period.

There is one period outlined in Figure 2: ice maker harvest cycles (red box).

Calculate the energy consumed during the ice maker harvest (red box), 4.4.5.1. normalized to per day, ET IM24 (kWh /day ).

ET IM 24 = ( EP IM ∗ 1440 )

T

IM

where:

T

IM icemaker harvest cycles time period , minutes

Calculate the ice production rate, M ̇ ice 24 (lb

m / day ) 4.4.5.2.

M ̇ ice 24 = M ice ∗ 1440

T

IM Calculate the incremental ice making energy per unit mass, EM ice (kWh/lb

m ) 4.4.5.3.

EM ice = � ET IM 24 − ET BL 24

M

̇ ice 24 � (Minutes)(Watts)p 10

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 4.5. Ice Making Incremental Energy Test

– Multiple Ice Makers

Calculate EP BL per 4.4.1 and 4.4.2 with all ice makers on with harvesting disabled and 4.5.1.
the ice maker molds are full

. Initiation of Ice Making Test Procedure 4.5.2.

For units that can complete the baseline and ice making test without 4.5.2.1. encountering a d efrost initiate ice making by enabling the ice makers, ensuring that

water is available , the ice maker molds are full, and that the ice storage bins are empty. This would also apply to units where the defrost can be disabled or bypassed by the tester. Operate the refrigerator making ice until all bins become full, the first ice maker harvest after 24 hours have passed f rom the first ice maker harvest, or the next defrost cycle occurs, whichever occurs first.

For units that cannot complete the baseline and ice making test without 4.5.2.2. encountering a defrost, initiate ice making after the unit has recovered from a
defrost per 10 CFR part 430, subpart B, appendix A, section 4.2.1.1 (including Figure 1) and 4.2.1.2 (including Figure 2) . Operate the refrigerator making ice until the ice storage bins become full and stop the harvest , or the first ice maker harvest

after 24 hours h ave passed from the first ice maker harvest, or the next defrost cycle

occurs.

Incremental Ice Making Energy Calculation 4.5.3.

Calculate EM ice using the procedure laid out in 4.4.4 or 4.4.5 depending on whether the unit is cycling.p 11

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 

## 1. Appendix

EXAMPLES OF CALCULATIONS INVOLVED IN DETERMINING ICE MAKING ENERGY

1. SCOPE

The data is gathered via a data acquisition system (DAQ) that is capable of capturing timestamps,

temperatures, watts, and watt

- hours. It is preferable for the DAQ to be able to capture events such as

compressor

- on and off events and i ce maker harvests. The examples in this Appendix are based on a DAQ that

captures these events.

2. TEMPERATURES AND STABILITY FOR PART 1

Per 4.1.1 the fresh food temperature is 39 ± 2 °F and the freezer temperature is 0 ± 2 °F prior to the ice making

portion of the test.

Example 1: The following data is obtained during Part 1 of the te st:

Time FF Avg FZ Avg

Cycle 1 8/17/2011 20:23:33 37.60

- 2.68

Cycle 2 8/17/2011 22:16:03 37.65

- 2.67

Cycle 3 8/18/2011 0:08:32 37.61

- 2.66

Cycle 4 8/18/2011 2:00:32 37.53

- 2.65

Cycle 5 8/18/2011 3:52:24 37.49

- 2.65

Cycle 6 8/18/2011 5:45:06 37.51

- 2.66

Cycle 7 8/18/2011 7:37:48
Table 1. Compressor Cycle Times and Compartment Temperatures for Example 1.

The fresh food temperatures meet the 39 ± 2 °F specification; however, the freezer falls outside of the 0 ± 2 °F

specification. The unit’s c ontrols must be adjusted to meet the specifications before the ice making portion of

the test begins.

Example 2 : The following data is obtained during Part 1 of the test:

Time FF Avg FZ Avg

Cycle 1 8/17/2011 20:23:33 37.60

- 1.68

Cycle 2 8/17/2011 22:16:03 38.12

- 1.22

Cycle 3 8/18/2011 0:08:32 38.44

- 0.98

Cycle 4 8/18/2011 2:00:32 39.01

- 0.65

Cycle 5 8/18/2011 3:52:24 39.57

- 0.01

Cycle 6 8/18/2011 5:45:06 40.23 0.23

Cycle 7 8/18/2011 7:37:48
Table 2. Compressor Cycle Times and Compartment Temperatures for Example 2.p 12

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 The compartment temperatures meet the 39 ± 2 °F and the 0 ± 2 °F specifications. For a cycling unit, stability

is calculated by comparing two periods that each consist of a whole number of cycles of at least two hours in

duration that are separated by a whole number of cycles of at least three hours in duration. In order to be

considered stable, the two periods’ temperatures must not differ by more than 0.042 °F/hour. The cycles’

durations are listed below:

Cycle Duration (minutes)

Cycle 1 112.5

Cycle 2 112.5

Cycle 3 112.0

Cycle 4 111.9

Cycle 5 112.7

Cycle 6 112.7
Table 3. Compressor Cycle Durations for Example 2.

Cycles 1 and 2 are the first two

- hour period. Cycles 3 and 4 are the three

- hour period. Cycles 5 and 6 are the

second two

- hour period. The time duration for stability is from the middle of the first period to the middle of

the second period.



### Stability Criterion = � ( 112

. 5 + 112

. 5 

### )

2 + 112

. 0 + 111

. 9 + 

### ( 112

. 7 + 112

. 7 

### )

2 

### � minutes

60 

### min hr � × 0

. 042 °F 

### hr �

Stability Criterion = 0.31 °F

FF Temperature Difference = | 37

. 76

− 39

. 90 | °F

FF Temperature Difference = 2.14 °F

FZ Temperature Difference = | (

− 1

. 45 )

− ( 0

. 11 ) | °F

FZ Temperature Difference = 1.56 °F

Both compartments’ temperature differences exceed the 0.31 °F stability criterion. Therefore, this unit is not

stable. It must be allowed to stabilize before the unit begins the ice making portion of the test.p 13

Revision 2.0

– 7/10/12 Example 3: The following data is obtained during Part 1 of the test:

Time FF Avg FZ Avg

Cycle 1 8/17/2011 20:23:33 39.60

- 0.68

Cycle 2 8/17/2011 22:16:03 39.65

- 0.67

Cycle 3 8/18/2011 0:08:32 39.61

- 0.66

Cycle 4 8/18/2011 2:00:32 39.53

- 0.65

Cycle 5 8/18/2011 3:52:24 39.49

- 0.65

Cycle 6 8/18/2011 5:45:06 39.51

- 0.66
Table 4. Compressor Cycle Times and Compartment Temperatures for Example 3.

The compartment temperatures meet the 39 ± 2 °F and the 0 ± 2 °F specifications. Stability is checked per

Example 2 above.



### Stability Criterion = � ( 112

. 5 + 112

. 5 

### )

2 + 112

. 0 + 111

. 9 + 

### ( 112

. 7 + 112

. 7 

### )

2 

### � minutes

60 

### min hr � × 0

. 042 °F 

### hr �

Stability Criterion = 0.31 °F

FF Temperature Difference = | 39

. 63

− 39

. 50 | °F

FF Temperature Difference = 0.1 3 °F

FZ Temperature Difference = | (

− 0

. 68 )

− (

− 0

. 66 ) | °F

FZ Temperature Difference = 0.02 °F

Both temperature differences are below the 0.31 °F stability criterion. Part 1 of the test is complete and the

ice making portion may be initiated.