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 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

 PUBLIC FORUM ON GLYPHOSATE-TOLERANT ALFALFA

 ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

 Date: February 24, 2010

 Time: 4:00 p.m. - 6:00 p.m.

 Location: U.S. Department of Agriculture

 4700 River Road

 Riverdale, Maryland
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1 P R O C E E D I N G S

2 MR. GREGOIRE: Good afternoon and welcome to

3 our public meeting on USDA's Draft Environmental Impact

4 Statement. My name is Michael Gregoire. I'm the deputy

5 administrator of Biotechnology Regulatory Services in

6 USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.

7 This is the fourth and final meeting that we're having

8 on the Draft Environmental Impact Statement.

9 USDA's Animal and Plant Health Inspection

10 Service has prepared a draft environmental impact

11 statement that evaluates the potential environmental

12 effects of deregulating alfalfa that's been genetically

13 engineered to be resistant to the herbicide glyphosate,

14 commercially known as Roundup. And in the EIS that

15 APHIS prepared and published, the agency considered two

16 alternatives in the draft EIS. One was to grant non17 regulated status to two lines of Roundup Ready alfalfa,

18 and then the second alternative was to maintain this

19 alfalfa as a regulated article under the agency's

20 regulations.

21 APHIS analyzed these alternatives with regard

22 to the potential impacts on gene flow between Roundup
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1 Ready alfalfa and non-genetically engineered alfalfa.

2 We also looked at weed development on wildlife species

3 and on species with special status. The draft EIS also

4 analyzes the alternatives with regard to their impact

5 on herbicide use, plant species, socioeconomics, human

6 health and safety, land use and production practices,

7 and the physical environment.

8 APHIS prepared this draft environmental

9 impact statement to comply with the February 2007

10 judgment and order by the United States District Court

11 for the Northern District of California. This draft

12 EIS is not a final decision on the regulatory status of

13 Roundup Ready alfalfa. APHIS will consider all

14 comments, all public comments, submitted during the

15 comment period before finalizing an environmental

16 impact statement, which will be published and making

17 any decisions regarding the regulatory status of

18 Roundup Ready alfalfa. So a final EIS would be

19 published before that final regulatory determination is

20 made. Now, the comment period on the draft EIS is 75

21 days and comments are due by March 3rd, 2010.

22 With respect to the meeting logistics, we
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1 have, I think at this point, 9 or 10 speakers that have

2 signed up to speak. We're providing speakers two

3 minutes to present their information. That will be

4 sort of a soft two-minute time frame. We found that

5 amount of time worked pretty well in the other public

6 meetings that we had. We asked people to sign up at

7 the sign-in sheet if they wanted to speak. If you

8 haven't signed up, please let one of our staff people

9 know so that we can be sure to give you the opportunity

10 to speak.

11 Rebecca will be our timer, and we'll let you

12 know when your time is up. We appreciate everyone

13 being polite and responding civilly, and Rebecca will

14 provide you with a microphone when it's your time to

15 speak.

16 Sid will call people's names in the order

17 that they signed up to speak. And when your name is

18 called, we ask that you come to the front of the room

19 and begin by stating and spelling your name for our

20 court reporter and stating your organizational

21 affiliation if you're representing an organization.

22 Once you've made those introductory remarks, we'll
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1 begin the timing.

2 After we give everyone the opportunity to

3 speak, we will have a poster session back there. So

4 members of the Biotechnology Regulatory Services staff

5 will be available to talk to you and answer your

6 questions. Those discussions are not recorded for the

7 record. Also, if you wanted to leave written comments

8 today, there's a table set up in the back there with

9 pink sheets of paper or if you prefer to leave a

10 written comment, you can do that as well. If you're

11 reading a statement and have that written out as well,

12 we ask that you leave that with us, too, so that we can

13 be sure to get the full text into the public record.

14 So with that, I think we'll begin with our

15 first speaker.

16 Sid?

17 MR. ABEL: Once again, we're going to take

18 the names in order of sign in, and our first person for

19 today is Elaine Dubin. If you'll come forward. Once

20 again, if you'll repeat your name and spell it for our

21 court reporter, we'd appreciate it.

22 MS. DUBIN: My name is Elaine Dubin, that's
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1 D-U-B-I-N, and I'm a concerned citizen with an organic

2 backyard garden. I've submitted a more detailed

3 comment to the docket online that has not yet been

4 posted.

5 The impact to agriculture and human health

6 from GT alfalfa should be given more consideration than

7 the cursory determinations of safety assumed as fact in

8 this EIS. Regarding bees, the key argument in the EIS

9 for the low potential for gene spread is that "Bees

10 clean themselves quite thoroughly back at the hive."

11 Using this portion of the more extensive bee12 cleaning process as a way to justify that bees won't

13 transport pollen or cause contaminate seems dishonest

14 and purposely so. Bees will carry nectar and pollen

15 from one flower to another and one field to another,

16 regardless of the type of alfalfa in the field. That's

17 how pollination works.

18 The rest of the EIS clearly shows the strong

19 relationship between bees and alfalfa, noting that bees

20 are the only pollinator for the crop and that honey

21 bees are often kept on alfalfa fields. Due to the

22 nature of pollination and the large numbers of bees
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1 involved, it is impossible to say that bee pollination

2 will not spread GT alfalfa, which would impose a

3 significant impact on organic alfalfa. BAS (ph) has

4 also not addressed the potential for harm to bee

5 populations vital to the U.S. agricultural system

6 because this could be the first GT crop solely

7 pollinated by bees.

8 I would like to stress that this action if

9 approved cannot be undone. If scientific evidence at a

10 later date finds that genetically modified food has

11 adverse impact, GT alfalfa will be impossible to

12 remove. Biotech and chemical products that were not

13 stringently tested and therefore arbitrarily assume to

14 be safe have been shown time and time again to be

15 toxic, including DDT, PCBs and CFCs, which still

16 persist in the environment decades after their banning.

17 The APHIS determination of "not a plant pest" does

18 include the risk to animals or humans and is therefore

19 not an acceptable conclusion to base the entire EIS on.

20 The EIS states that infants should eat fruit, and every

21 person who eats vegetables are at risk of adverse

22 effects from acute glyphosate exposure.
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1 There are many other concerns noted but not

2 adequately addressed by the EIS, including the cycle of

3 increasing glyphosate use and impact on trade, but

4 above all, the potential harm to human health and the

5 potential for unregulated, uncontrollable spread of GT

6 alfalfa. Therefore, the EIS is insufficient and the

7 deregulation of GT alfalfa should be denied or delayed,

8 pending additional studies. Thank you.

9 MR. ABEL: Our next speaker is Scott

10 Sullivan.

11 MR. SULLIVAN: Thank you, Sid.

12 My name is Scott Sullivan, S-C-O-T-T, S-U-L13 L-I-V-A-N. I'm here to advocate permanent deregulation

14 of Roundup Ready alfalfa. I have a master's degree

15 from the University of California at Davis in plant

16 protection and pest management. And I'm familiar, and

17 have always advocated the use of integrated pest

18 management and sustainable farming practices.

19 I work for Ag Seeds Unlimited, which is a

20 diversified seed retailer, servicing the needs of

21 conventional and organic farmers in the Sacramento and

22 San Joaquin valleys of California. Ag Seed has been in
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1 business for 36 years. There are 600,000 acres of

2 alfalfa in the 16 counties that Ag Seed services.

3 Our grower customers that planted Roundup

4 Ready alfalfa in 2005 and 2006 have enjoyed benefits of

5 reduced cost to production, longer stand life, higher

6 quality hay. Their herbicide use is down, resulting in

7 fewer worker safety issues and less active ingredient

8 in the environment. Our Roundup Ready fields are still

9 producing weed-free hay that is popular amongst hay

10 buyers and commands a higher price. Common comments I

11 get from Roundup Ready alfalfa growers are, "It's

12 safer, it's cheaper, it's easier to grow, and we get

13 paid more for it. When we will get it back?"

14 It's uncommon for alfalfa fields to be cut

15 with more than 10 percent bloom. Cutting hay that is

16 flowering reduces its quality and is undesirable for

17 growers and buyers alike. This simple cultural

18 practice significantly reduces the potential for pollen

19 transfer.

20 Roundup Ready alfalfa works for hay growers,

21 hay consumers and the public at large. When making

22 your final determination, please disregard the emotions
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1 surrounding the use of this technology and consider the

2 science and the experience of alfalfa growers currently

3 using it.

4 MR. ABEL: I guess Scott has another -- I

5 guess representing another organization.

6 Scott?

7 MR. SULLIVAN: Yes. I was asked to read

8 comments from the Yolo County Farm Bureau. Their

9 president, Chuck Dudley, C-H-U-C-K, D-U-D-L-E-Y, asked

10 me to present their comments.

11 Yolo County Farm Bureau has 1,318 members in

12 Yolo County, and Farm Bureau in California has 81,000

13 members. Yolo County Farm Bureau members support the

14 deregulation of alfalfa engineered for tolerance for

15 their herbicide glyphosate. The Roundup Ready alfalfa

16 system provides dependable, cost-effective control of

17 broadleaf and grassy weeds for the life of the alfalfa

18 stand. Roundup Ready alfalfa delivers quality forage

19 and hay that is comparable to conventional varieties

20 with fewer weeds and proven feed safety. It improves

21 the opportunity for high quality and certified weed22 free hay.
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1 The Roundup Ready alfalfa system delivers

2 improved environmental qualities compared to

3 alternative crops or herbicides. It provides no or low

4 mobility and non-persistence in soil and is compatible

5 with no-till, reduced till and long rotation crop

6 systems. No runoff encourages increased use of alfalfa

7 in weedy or erosion-prone fields. Since it does not

8 leach into ground water wells, it replaces alternative

9 herbicides where these issues exist.

10 We operate the Irrigated Lands Program for

11 the Yolo County growers and are acutely aware of off12 site movement of any pesticide. Glyphosate stays in

13 place and is not a risk to move off site. Thus, there

14 is an environmental benefit. Additionally, there is a

15 benefit to the consumer of hay that have weed-free,

16 high TDN hay. There is also an energy savings in

17 growing, bailing and hauling hay, not weed.

18 Roundup Ready is a good tool for the hay

19 producer and the hay consumer. Farm Bureau strongly

20 urges the USDA to consider biotechnology's long history

21 of success and allow alfalfa growers to join other

22 American farmers in the benefits and new opportunities
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1 offered by biotechnology.

2 Respectfully submitted by Chuck Dudley.

3 MR. ABEL: Our next speaker is Bob Haberman.

4 MR. HABERMAN: My name is Bob Haberman, H-A5 B-E-R-M-A-N. I farm with my brother Brad and my oldest

6 son Scott. We raise 205 acres of Roundup Ready

7 alfalfa. Also with my brother Brad, we own a forage

8 export business that exports products to the Pacific

9 Rim. My farm is located in Ellensburg, Washington. It

10 is a family operation that consists of 1,100 acres of

11 crop production.

12 The main crop grown in our region is Timothy

13 hay. It is a grass forage crop fed to cattle and

14 horses. Our initial reasoning for planting Roundup

15 Ready alfalfa was to use it as a rotational crop. We

16 would be able to spray our field with Roundup to

17 control bluegrass. Bluegrass is a fine stem grass that

18 is hard to control in Timothy and it is undesirable by

19 our foreign customers. Our plan is to have this

20 alfalfa crop for three years, then spray it out in air

21 seed Timothy, with a goal of having a clean field, a

22 field with no bluegrass seeds left to germinate and
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1 ruin our high-valued Timothy crop.

2 With Roundup Ready alfalfa, we have

3 transitioned into a no-till system. We have saved

4 money and fuel, labor and repairs, all while saving our

5 soil. The biggest change that we saw after planting

6 Roundup Ready alfalfa was in our fertilizer and

7 chemical application. We no longer apply the massive

8 amount of chemicals to control grasses in our alfalfa

9 field. We will just spray Roundup maybe once in the

10 spring and maybe once in the fall. Our field has no

11 weeds. It's just a beautiful, clean alfalfa field.

12 We also noticed the soil benefits. The soil

13 was holding more water. We are irrigating less. We

14 would see worms and other positive organisms living and

15 growing in the soil. Having the legume crop, such as

16 Roundup Ready alfalfa, has been a great addition to our

17 crop rotation. Not having the ability to raise Roundup

18 Ready alfalfa will prevent us from growing alfalfa due

19 to our cold springs. The chemicals needed to control

20 grasses in alfalfa does not make for good

21 accommodation.

22 We also have an exporting business that works
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1 with our customers in Japan who we export Roundup Ready

2 alfalfa to since 2007. They have accepted this crop

3 and like the cleanliness of the product. When

4 exporting Roundup Ready alfalfa, we make sure that the

5 customer in Japan knows and accepts Roundup Ready

6 alfalfa.

7 We encourage the immediate deregulation of

8 the use of glyphosate-tolerant alfalfa. Thank you.

9 MR. ABEL: The next speaker is Richard

10 Wilkins.

11 MR. WILKINS: Good afternoon. I'm Richard,

12 R-I-C-H-A-R-D, Wilkins, W-I-L-K-I-N-S.

13 Good afternoon. For the USDA employees here,

14 thank you for your service and allowing us the time to

15 comment. My name's Richard Wilkins from Greenwood,

16 Delaware. I operate a diversified farming operation,

17 which I'm proud to say we operate in a sustainable

18 manner, exercising good stewardship practices. We

19 produce grain, commercial hay, vegetables and cattle.

20 We also run a retail farm supply store, which we

21 provide feed and farm supplies, including the hay that

22 we produce to a broad spectrum of customers.
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1 Our customers really like the Roundup Ready

2 alfalfa that we've been producing for them. Before

3 Roundup Ready alfalfa, it was difficult to control

4 weeds in our crop. The horses' digestive system is

5 very susceptible to foreign matter in their hay. With

6 the Roundup Ready alfalfa, we're able to produce for

7 them a very clean, top-quality, top-notch product

8 that's good for their animals' health. We also provide

9 hay for customers with companion animals, such as

10 goats, pygmy goats and of course pleasure horses. We

11 also provide hay for sport horses, competitive horses.

12 Also, in our region on the East Coast,

13 there's a great potential for an export market for hay.

14 This time in our country's climate, being able to

15 develop a new export business, have a product that we

16 can export out, will certainly help with the balance of

17 trade and help with new job development.

18 I urge you to grant the Roundup Ready alfalfa

19 non-regulated status. My personal experience with

20 Roundup Ready alfalfa is before we had that available

21 to us, in our region, because of very dry summers, we

22 only have about a 50/50 chance of survival when we
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1 established a new alfalfa stand. The year and a half

2 that we were able to use Roundup Ready alfalfa, we saw

3 100 percent stand establishment. It also helps us to

4 extend the longevity of those stands. It gives us

5 better weed control, controlling weeds such as henbit,

6 chickweed, curly dock, lamb's quarter, crabgrass and

7 many others. It really gives us great economic

8 benefits.

9 In our region, we also have several niche

10 marketers that are producing things such as grass-fed

11 beef, all natural beef, organic vegetables, organic

12 produce. We coexist with those growers very well.

13 There's been no problems with cross-contamination.

14 Alfalfa is a hay crop. It's cut pre-bloom, so there's

15 no chance of pollen spread.

16 Please regrant non-regulated status. It will

17 certainly be a key to my health and prosperity. Thank

18 you.

19 MR. ABEL: Our next speaker is Tim Wagoner.

20 MR. WAGONER: My name is Tim Wagoner, and I'm

21 an alfalfa seed farmer from Washington State, and I

22 have recently been elected president of the Washington
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1 State Alfalfa Seed Commission. As president, it is my

2 job to promote and represent alfalfa seed in my state.

3 This includes organic, if there is any, seed grown for

4 export, as well as seed for domestic use. Releasing

5 Roundup Ready alfalfa has the potential to positively

6 change the alfalfa seed landscape in my state by

7 increasing demand for our seed, reducing noxious weeds,

8 reducing pesticide use, and minimizing erosion by

9 eliminating the need to cultivate.

10 My farm did not raise GT alfalfa when it was

11 originally released, but some of the farmers in my

12 valley chose to. I came here today to tell you that I

13 believe that since the EIS found no environmental harm

14 in growing GT alfalfa, my neighbors, as well as I,

15 should be allowed to choose what we want to grow. If

16 there is strong market potential, and my neighbor wants

17 to grow Roundup Ready alfalfa, I do not think it will

18 adversely affect my conventional field to the point

19 that I would not be able to sell it.

20 In 2009, my farm raised approximately 1.2

21 million pounds of conventional alfalfa seed. Much of

22 it was grown for the export market, and that is a
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1 market that I do not want to jeopardize because of high

2 contamination levels of their Roundup Ready gene. I

3 believe that the stewardship practices, the isolation

4 standards, and the best management practices adopted by

5 NAFA allow Roundup Ready alfalfa and conventional seed

6 to coexist.

7 In conclusion, as a young alfalfa seed

8 grower, I look forward to the benefits of

9 biotechnology, making alfalfa more competitive as a

10 feedstock, less expensive to raise, and more

11 environmentally friendly to produce. The EIS went to

12 great lengths to find out the potential harm in their

13 re-release of Roundup Ready alfalfa, and having found

14 none, I strongly recommend that Roundup Ready alfalfa

15 be deregulated.

16 MR. ABEL: Our next speaker is Don Cameron.

17 MR. CAMERON: Good afternoon and thank you.

18 My name is Don Cameron. I farm in the central cell of

19 King Valley of California. I farm about 6,000 acres,

20 about 26 different crops, and 10 percent of the farm is

21 farmed organically. One of the crops that we grow on

22 the farm is alfalfa. We grow conventional, organic,
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1 and Roundup Ready alfalfa. Our buyers are primarily

2 dairies, and they demand a high quality alfalfa hay

3 from whatever method that we use to farm.

4 We've been coexisting on our farm with

5 Roundup Ready alfalfa since 2005. We're growing our

6 Roundup Ready alfalfa 200 yards away from our organic

7 alfalfa, and I plant it side by side with no fear of

8 cross-contamination. We cut our hay on a 30-day

9 schedule. There's very little, if any, bloom, and

10 definitely no seed produced during that time. My

11 Roundup Ready alfalfa is sought out by buyers,

12 especially when markets are soft or oversupplied,

13 looking for clean quality, weed-free hay.

14 I guess you ask why would I grow the Roundup

15 Ready alfalfa. We've got excellent weed control, stand

16 establishment. We have absolutely no weed competition

17 once we put a round of application on. Our first

18 cutting is completely clean. We get $75 a ton, higher

19 than a conventional field that's not treated with some

20 type of herbicide. The same with the organic. Our

21 first cutting of a new field of organic hay is full of

22 weeds. It usually goes to a feed lot to be ground at
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1 an extremely low price.

2 We have no residual herbicides being used,

3 which is really important for us. We have no ground

4 water contamination issues. We rotate with various

5 vegetable crops that are extremely sensitive to any

6 residual herbicides, so we don't have to worry about

7 plant back issues. Our growing costs after

8 establishment are $22 per acre versus $65 per acre for

9 weed control.

10 Our employee safety, and my own safety, as I

11 live on the farm, is extremely important. We don't use

12 any restricted materials on our Roundup Ready alfalfa

13 where we would have to on conventional fields. These

14 attributes allow us to produce high quality alfalfa in

15 a very sustainable manner. Economically it's more

16 profitable. Socially it's safer for our employees.

17 And environmentally, there is no residual herbicides

18 being used.

19 Our farm's an excellent example of how

20 coexistence between organic and biotech can work

21 together in the real world. I support the deregulation

22 of the Roundup Ready alfalfa. Thank you very much.
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1 MR. ABEL: The next speaker is Dale Scheps.

2 I apologize if I got the name wrong.

3 MR. SCHEPS: I'm Dale Scheps, S-C-H-E-P-S. I

4 farm a dairy farm in Wisconsin with my wife Sandy. In

5 2006, we used Roundup Ready alfalfa, and it was the

6 best year I ever had to establish a new stand of

7 alfalfa. There were no chemicals to be used. I used

8 one pass with Roundup and I had no weed pressure nor

9 any grasses. In the past, I've used different

10 chemicals, Select, Raptor, Pursuit, Bucktril, to try to

11 kill off the grasses with mixed results.

12 Since using Roundup Ready alfalfa, I have a

13 higher quality of forage. I can feed my cows when I

14 plant it early, and I get four cuts off of it. With a

15 higher quality forage, it lowers my input costs, so I

16 have less sources of other proteins I have to purchase

17 for my cows.

18 I strongly support the use of Roundup Ready

19 alfalfa. Farmers need to be able to adapt to new

20 technology, and this is another tool that would be very

21 useful for farmers.

22 MR. ABEL: Our next speaker is Bob Husband.
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1 MR. HUSBAND: Bob Husband, H-U-S-B-A-N-D. I

2 farm in western Kansas and have been there most of my

3 life. Alfalfa has been a part of my life ever since I

4 was a young man helping smaller farmers put up hay for

5 their livestock. It's grown to be a big, big business

6 today. In the '60s, the cattle-feeding industry was

7 born in western Kansas, and I live right in the middle

8 of a million head of cattle that are on feed at all

9 times. We live close to a town called Dodge City,

10 Kansas.

11 In '73, I planted my first large circle -- or

12 field, if you want to call it -- of alfalfa. That was

13 used as a cash crop. It became evident right away that

14 quality alfalfa was our goal and Roundup Ready alfalfa

15 gives us this tool to produce a good quality product.

16 Within the time I have, I'd like to relay

17 information about a business my son started a few years

18 ago. He started a hay brokering business, and he lives

19 about 300 miles from me, off the farm in a big city.

20 He called me up one day, and he said, "Dad, a truck's

21 going to be on the farm. I sold my first load of

22 alfalfa. It's going to Michigan." It was from my farm.
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1 "It's got to be good quality," he said. Okay. We had

2 that. But Roundup Ready alfalfa has given us a tool to

3 produce this good quality.

4 But back to the business my son is running

5 today. Since 2004, he has grown this business to a $20

6 million business -- this is growth -- and he operates

7 this business out of his home. He can't do this

8 business without quality hay.

9 When we buy corn, wheat, soybeans, we have

10 standards that help you buy this. And with alfalfa --

11 meeting standards would be corn, 56 pounds a bushel;

12 wheat, 60 pounds a bushel, certain qualities. With

13 alfalfa, it's one person on a phone selling the hay to

14 another person on the phone. So if they can convey to

15 each other that this is Roundup Ready alfalfa, it

16 narrows it down to where this product can carry a

17 quality that can be moved over the phone.

18 I would strongly urge the USDA to grant

19 Roundup Ready alfalfa to be used. It's a tool that

20 will make agriculture stronger, not only in my area,

21 but it will make American agriculture stronger and more

22 sustainable. Thank you.
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1 MR. ABEL: Our last speaker for this session

2 is Brian -- I apologize if I get the name wrong --

3 Dillehay.

4 MR. DILLEHAY: Brian Dillehay, D-I-L-L-E-H-A5 Y. I have a master's and a Ph.D. from Penn State. My

6 Ph.D.

7 was in weed science. For my dissertation, I

8 spent my four years working on Roundup Ready alfalfa;

9 basically, applied uses of it; how we can use it in the

10 northeast; is it potential for mixtures with grasses;

11 how easy is it to kill it; is it any better or worse

12 than the products that we have out there?

13 One of my papers that I will talk about first

14 was my intercropping with grass mixtures with Roundup

15 Ready alfalfa that's been published in the Agronomy

16 Journal. We were successfully able to establish a

17 mixture crop using Roundup Ready as a tool to get the

18 alfalfas established, and then coming in later on and

19 interseeding grass into it to be able to have a good,

20 clean stand.

21 After three years of study, we found there

22 was no major difference between conventional alfalfa
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1 seeded together or alfalfa in a mixture with Roundup

2 Ready alfalfa. The big difference was the first year,

3 the very first year, was entirely weed free, which had

4 a significant dollar value to the crop.

5 The second paper that I worked on, that's in

6 press with Weed Technology, has to do with Roundup

7 Ready alfalfa and the other competitive conventional

8 products out there. What we found was that in some

9 cases there was little to no difference with the weed

10 control. In other cases, there was a large difference

11 in weed control, depending on the product that was

12 used.

13 During the first year, we looked at yield and

14 quality. There were significant differences in the

15 quality from the different weeds that were controlled

16 versus the other crop. Later on in the season, we took

17 the studies out three years. We found that with a good

18 weed control effort at the beginning, any sort of other

19 herbicide application in my area in central

20 Pennsylvania was not needed. So a single application

21 of Roundup right after planting was sufficient for the

22 next three years with no other weed control necessary.
Capital Reporting Company

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26

1 I work as an agronomist after graduating, and

2 I've talked to some other growers locally that have

3 used Roundup Ready alfalfa, and have told me that they

4 as well have gone three or four years without another

5 application of a herbicide. So I think it's a

6 significant tool for us to move away from more toxic

7 herbicides as well as reducing the amount of herbicides

8 that we're using.

9 MR. ABEL: That concludes the speakers that

10 we have signed up for this portion of the session. At

11 this time, we can adjourn. If anyone has any

12 questions, we'll be in the back to answer those

13 questions during the poster session. And if we get

14 more people coming in during the next hour or so,

15 we'll, of course, reopen the oral presentation session

16 so they can all have a chance to speak as well. Thank

17 you.

18 (Whereupon, at 4:46 p.m., the session

19 was concluded.)

20

21

22
Capital Reporting Company

USDA Meeting 02-24-2010

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27

1 CERTIFICATE OF REPORTER

2

3 I, JANET EVANS-WATKINS, do hereby certify that the

4 foregoing proceedings were taken by me and thereafter

5 reduced under my direction to typewritten form; that

6 this transcript is a true record of the proceedings;

7 that I am neither counsel for, related to, nor employed

8 by any of the parties to this action; and, further,

9 that I am not a relative or employee of any attorney or

10 counsel employed by the parties hereto, nor financially

11 or otherwise interested in the outcome of the action.

12

13

14

15 ________________________

16 JANET EVANS-WATKINS

17 Electronic Court Reporter

18

19

20

21

22
Capital Reporting Company

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$

$20 23:5

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Capital Reporting Company

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 © 2010

am 27:7,9

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California 3:11

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22:8

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25:19

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27:1

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21:7,10

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circle 22:11

citizen 6:1

city 22:9,19

civilly 4:13

clean 6:10 12:21

13:11 15:7
Capital Reporting Company

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 © 2010

19:13,18 24:20

cleaning 6:12

cleanliness 14:3

clearly 6:18

climate 15:14

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26:14

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5:10 6:3 14:15

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commercially 2:14

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companion 15:9

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comply 3:9

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conclusion 7:19

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consider 3:13 10:1

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11:15,19

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18:2 20:4

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determination

3:19 7:17 9:22

determinations
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6:7

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15:17

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25:2,9,10

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early 21:14

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20:15

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18:11

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L 1:7

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17:13

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18:11 20:17

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11:7

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24:16

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16:3 19:16 20:8

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20:19

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F

fact 6:7

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10:8,11,12,13

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14:20,21

17:10,20

18:18,19,20,22

19:3,4 20:11

21:4

22:2,19,21,22

farmed 18:21

farmer 16:21
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farmers 8:21

11:22 17:11

21:19,21 22:4

farming 8:18

14:16

farm's 20:19

fear 19:7

February 1:10 3:9

fed 12:13

feed 10:20 14:21

19:22 21:13 22:8

feedstock 18:10

fertilizer 13:6

fewer 9:7 10:20

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12:16,21,22

13:9,10,11 17:18

19:19,21 22:12

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G

garden 6:2

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23:18

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24:14,19

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21:9,11 24:10

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16:7 18:12

Greenwood 14:15

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20:3

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17:15,17

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9:11,17,20 10:2

11:11,21 16:12

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23:5

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H

H-A 12:4

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17:13 18:12

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13:15,17 18:13

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10:19,22

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16:14

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22:4,18 23:8,13

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16:17

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23:10

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25:19 26:5

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20:2,6,17 26:7

hereby 27:3

hereto 27:10

high 10:21 11:16

18:1 19:2 20:14

higher 9:5,10

19:18 21:13,15
Capital Reporting Company

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high-valued 13:1

history 11:20

hive 6:10

holding 13:13

home 23:7

honey 6:20

horses 12:14

15:4,10,11

hour 26:14

human 3:5 6:5 8:4

humans 7:18

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22:1

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22:1

I

I'd 22:16

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14:11,17 16:20

21:3

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2:3,8,10 3:4,9,16

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14:21

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17:7

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information 4:3

22:17

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input 21:15

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24:14

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20:4,7

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13:11 16:14

20:15,16 22:5,22

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I've 6:2 21:9 26:2

J

JANET 27:3,16

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job 15:17 17:2

join 11:21

Journal 24:16

judgment 3:10

justify 6:12

K

Kansas 22:2,7,10

key 6:8 16:17

kill 21:11 24:11

King 18:19

known 2:14

L

labor 13:4

lamb's 16:6

land 3:6

Lands 11:10

landscape 17:6

large 6:22 9:21

22:11 25:10

last 24:1

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25:16

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leave 5:7,9,12

legume 13:15

lengths 18:12

less 9:7 13:13

18:10 21:16

levels 18:2

life 9:5 10:17 22:3

lines 2:17

little 19:9 25:9

L-I-V-A-N 8:13

live 20:11 22:7,9

lives 22:18

livestock 22:5

living 13:14

load 22:21

locally 26:2

located 12:9

Location 1:12

logistics 3:22

long 11:5,20

longer 9:5 13:7

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lot 19:22

low 6:9 11:3 20:1

lowers 21:15

M

main 12:12

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management

8:16,18 18:4

manner 14:18

20:15

March 3:21

market 15:13

17:16,22 18:1

marketers 16:10

markets 19:12

Maryland 1:14
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massive 13:7

master's 8:14 24:5

materials 20:12

matter 15:5

maybe 13:9,10

meeting 2:3,7 3:22

23:11

meetings 4:6

members 5:4

10:11,13

method 19:3

Michael 2:4

Michigan 22:22

microphone 4:14

middle 22:7

miles 22:19

million 17:21 22:8

23:6

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minutes 4:3

mixed 21:11

mixture 24:17

25:1

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mobility 11:4

modified 7:10

money 13:4

move 11:13 26:6

moved 23:17

movement 11:12

N

NAFA 18:5

name's 14:15

narrows 23:16

natural 16:11

nature 6:22

necessary 25:22

nectar 6:14

neighbor 17:16

neighbors 17:14

neither 27:7

niche 16:9

non 2:16

none 18:14

non-genetically

3:1

non-persistence

11:4

non-regulated

15:19 16:16

nor 21:8 27:7,10

northeast 24:10

Northern 3:11

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noticed 13:12

no-till 11:5 13:3

noting 6:19

noxious 17:7

O

offered 12:1

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oldest 12:5

online 6:3

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14:16,17

operates 23:6

operation 12:10

14:16

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11:22

opportunity 4:9

5:2 10:21

oral 26:15

order 3:10 4:16

5:18

organic 6:1 7:3

8:21 16:11 17:3

18:22 19:6,20,21

20:20

organically 18:21

organisms 13:14

organization 4:21

10:5

organizational

4:20

originally 17:11

others 16:7

otherwise 27:11

outcome 27:11

oversupplied

19:12

P

p.m 1:11 26:18

Pacific 12:8

paid 9:13

paper 5:9 25:5

papers 24:13

parties 27:8,10

pass 21:8

past 21:9

PCBs 7:15

pending 8:8

Penn 24:5

Pennsylvania

25:20

people 4:6,8 26:14

people's 4:16

per 20:8

percent 9:15 16:3

18:20

period 3:15,20

permanent 8:13

persist 7:16

person 5:18 7:21

23:13,14

personal 15:19

pest 7:17 8:16,17

pesticide 11:12

17:8

ph 7:3

Ph.D 24:5,6

phone 23:13,14,17

physical 3:7

pink 5:9

plan 12:19

plant 2:6,9 3:5

7:17 8:15 19:7

20:7 21:14

planted 9:3 22:11

planting 12:14

13:5 25:21

please 4:8 9:22

16:16

pleasure 15:10
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point 4:1 17:18

polite 4:13

pollen 6:13,14

9:18 16:15

pollinated 7:7

pollination

6:17,22 7:1

pollinator 6:20

popular 9:9

populations 7:5

portion 6:11 26:10

positive 13:14

positively 17:5

posted 6:4

poster 5:3 26:13

potential 2:11,22

6:9 7:4 8:4,5

9:18 15:13

17:5,16 18:12

24:10

pounds 17:21

23:11,12

practice 9:18

practices 3:6 8:18

14:18 18:3,4

pre-bloom 16:14

prefer 5:9

prepared 2:10,15

3:8

present 4:3 10:10

presentation 26:15

president 10:9

16:22 17:1

press 25:6

pressure 21:8

pretty 4:5

prevent 13:18

price 9:10 20:1

primarily 19:1

problems 16:13

proceedings

27:4,6

process 6:12

produce 14:19,22

15:6 16:12 18:11

20:14 22:15 23:3

produced 19:10

producer 11:19

producing 9:9

15:2 16:10

product 14:3

15:7,15 22:15

23:16 25:11

production 3:6 9:5

12:11

products 7:12 12:8

24:12 25:8

profitable 20:16

Program 11:10

promote 17:2

prosperity 16:17

protection 8:16

proteins 21:16

proud 14:17

proven 10:20

provide 4:14 14:21

15:8,11

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11:3

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public 1:6 2:2 3:14

4:5 5:13 9:21

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3:16,19 24:15

purchase 21:16

purposely 6:14

Pursuit 21:10

pygmy 15:10

Q

qualities 11:2

23:12

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10:18,21 19:2,13

20:14 21:13,15

22:14,15

23:1,3,8,17

25:14,15

quarter 16:6

questions 5:6

26:12,13

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R

raise 12:6 13:17

17:10 18:10

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Raptor 21:10

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Ready 2:17

3:1,13,18 8:14

9:4,8,11,20

10:15,18 11:1,18

12:6,15

13:2,6,16,18

14:1,4,5

15:1,3,6,18,20

16:2 17:5,17

18:2,5,13,14

19:1,5,6,11,15

20:12,22

21:5,12,18 22:14

23:2,15,19

24:8,15,17

25:2,7 26:3

real 20:21

really 15:1 16:7

20:3

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Rebecca 4:11,13

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record 5:7,13 27:6

recorded 5:6

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27:5

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26:7

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regarding 3:17 6:8

regardless 6:16

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15:12,21 16:9

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regulations 2:20

regulatory 2:5

3:12,17,19 5:4

related 27:7

relationship 6:19

relative 27:9

relay 22:16
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released 17:11

Releasing 17:4

remarks 4:22

remove 7:12

reopen 26:15

repairs 13:4

repeat 5:20

replaces 11:8

reporter 4:20 5:21

27:1,17

represent 17:2

representing 4:21

10:5

re-release 18:13

residual 20:2,6,17

resistant 2:13

respect 3:22

Respectfully 12:2

responding 4:13

rest 6:18

restricted 20:12

resulting 9:6

results 21:11

retail 14:20

retailer 8:20

Richard

14:9,11,15

R-I-C-H-A-R-D

14:12

Rim 12:9

risk 7:18,21 11:13

River 1:13

Riverdale 1:14

Road 1:13

room 4:18

rotate 20:4

rotation 11:5

13:17

rotational 12:15

round 19:17

Roundup

2:14,17,22

3:13,18 8:14

9:3,8,11,20

10:15,18 11:1,18

12:6,14,16

13:2,6,9,16,17

14:1,4,5

15:1,3,6,18,20

16:2 17:5,17

18:2,5,13,14

19:1,5,6,11,14

20:12,22

21:5,8,12,18

22:14 23:2,15,19

24:8,14,17

25:1,6,21 26:3

ruin 13:1

run 14:20

running 23:4

runoff 11:6

S

Sacramento 8:21

safe 7:14

safer 9:12 20:16

safety 3:6 6:7 9:7

10:20 20:10

San 8:22

Sandy 21:4

saved 13:3

saving 13:4

savings 11:16

saw 13:5 16:2

schedule 19:9

Scheps 21:1,3

S-C-H-E-P-S 21:3

science 10:2 24:7

scientific 7:9

Scott 8:9,12 10:4,6

12:6

S-C-O-T-T 8:12

season 25:16

second 2:18 25:5

seed 8:20,22 9:2

12:21 16:21

17:1,2,3,4,6,7,21

18:5,7 19:10

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seeds 8:19 12:22

seems 6:13

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14:14

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9:2

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session 5:3 24:1

26:10,13,15,18

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sheet 4:7

sheets 5:9

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sign 4:6 5:18

signed 4:2,8,17

26:10

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25:4,14 26:6

significantly 9:18

sign-in 4:7

simple 9:17

single 25:20

site 11:12,13

smaller 22:4

Socially 20:16

socioeconomics

3:5

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soil 11:4

13:5,12,15

sold 22:21

solely 7:6

son 12:6 22:17

23:4

sort 4:4 25:18

sought 19:11

sources 21:16

soybeans 23:9

speak

4:2,7,10,15,17

5:3 26:16

speaker 5:15 8:9

12:3 14:9 16:19

18:16 21:1,22
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24:1

speakers 4:1,2

26:9

special 3:3

species 3:2,3,5

spectrum 14:22

spell 5:20

spelling 4:19

spent 24:8

sport 15:11

spray 12:16,20

13:9

spread 6:9 7:2 8:5

16:15

spring 13:10

springs 13:19

staff 4:8 5:4

stand 9:5 10:18

16:1,3 19:15

21:6 24:20

standards 18:4

23:10,11

stands 16:4

started 22:17,18

state 16:21

17:1,2,6 24:5

statement 1:7

2:3,8,11 3:9,16

5:11

states 1:5 3:10

7:20

stating 4:19,20

status 2:17

3:3,12,17 15:19

16:16

stays 11:12

stem 12:17

stewardship 14:18

18:3

store 14:20

stress 7:8

stringently 7:13

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stronger 23:20,21

strongly 11:19

18:14 21:18

23:18

studies 8:8 25:17

submitted 3:14 6:2

12:2

success 11:21

successfully 24:16

sufficient 25:21

S-U-L 8:12

Sullivan

8:10,11,12 10:7

summers 15:21

supplies 14:21

supply 14:20

support 10:13

20:21 21:18

sure 4:9 5:13 14:4

surrounding 10:1

survival 15:22

susceptible 15:5

sustainable 8:18

14:17 20:15

23:22

system 7:5 10:16

11:1 13:3 15:4

systems 11:6

T

table 5:8

talk 5:5 24:13

talked 26:2

TDN 11:16

technology 10:1

21:20 25:6

tested 7:13

text 5:13

thank 8:8,11

14:8,14 16:17

18:17 20:22

23:22 26:16

that's 2:12 5:22

6:16 15:8 19:19

24:15 25:5

themselves 6:10

thereafter 27:4

therefore 7:13,18

8:6

there's 5:8 15:13

16:13,14 19:9

thoroughly 6:10

Thus 11:13

till 11:5

Tim 16:19,20

timer 4:11

Timothy

12:12,18,21 13:1

today 5:8,19 17:12

22:6 23:5

tolerance 10:14

ton 19:18

tool 11:18 21:20

22:15 23:2,19

24:17 26:6

top-notch 15:7

top-quality 15:7

town 22:9

toxic 7:15 26:6

trade 8:3 15:17

transcript 27:6

transfer 9:19

transitioned 13:3

transport 6:13

treated 19:19

truck's 22:20

true 27:6

try 21:10

two-minute 4:4

type 6:16 19:20

typewritten 27:5

U

U.S 1:12 7:5

uncommon 9:14

uncontrollable 8:5

undesirable 9:16

12:18

undone 7:9

United 1:5 3:10

University 8:15

Unlimited 8:19

unregulated 8:5

urge 15:18 23:18
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urges 11:20

USDA 11:20 14:13

23:18

USDA's 2:3,6,9

useful 21:21

usually 19:22

V

valley 17:12 18:19

valleys 8:22

value 25:4

varieties 10:19

various 20:4

vegetable 20:5

vegetables 7:21

14:19 16:11

versus 20:8 25:16

vital 7:5

W

Wagoner 16:19,20

Washington 12:9

16:21,22

water 11:8 13:13

20:4

we'd 5:21

weed 3:2 10:21

11:17 16:5

19:15,16 20:9

21:8 24:7

25:3,6,9,11,18,2

2

weed-free 9:9

11:15 19:13

weeds 10:17,20

13:11 15:4 16:5

17:7 19:22 25:15

weedy 11:7

welcome 2:2

we'll 4:11,22 5:14

26:12,15

wells 11:8

we're 2:7 4:2 5:17

15:6 19:5 26:8

western 22:2,7

we've 15:2 19:4,15

whatever 19:3

wheat 23:9,12

Whereupon 26:18

wife 21:4

wildlife 3:2

Wilkins

14:10,11,12,15

W-I-L-K-I-N-S

14:12

Wisconsin 21:4

work 8:19 20:20

26:1

worked 4:5 25:5

worker 9:7

working 24:8

works 6:17 9:20

13:22

world 20:21

worms 13:14

worry 20:6

worse 24:11

written 5:7,10,11

wrong 21:2 24:2

Y

yards 19:6

yet 6:3

yield 25:13

Yolo 10:8,11,12,13

11:11

you'll 5:19,20

young 18:7 22:4

you've 4:22