Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 224 / Tuesday, November 20, 2012 / Proposed Rules 69569 

for the Bombardier Aerospace Model 

BD–500–1A10 and BD–500–1A11 

airplanes because of a novel or unusual 

design feature, special conditions are 

prescribed under the provisions of 

§ 21.16. 

Special conditions are initially 

applicable to the model for which they 

are issued. Should the type certificate 

for that model be amended later to 

include any other model that 

incorporates the same or similar novel 

or unusual design feature, the special 

conditions would also apply to the other 

model under § 21.101. 

In addition to the applicable 

airworthiness regulations and special 

conditions, the Bombardier Aerospace 

Model BD–500–1A10 and BD–500– 

1A11 airplanes must comply with the 

fuel vent and exhaust emission 

requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the 

noise certification requirements of 14 

CFR part 36 and the FAA must issue a 

finding of regulatory adequacy under 

§ 611 of Public Law 92–574, the ‘‘Noise 

Control Act of 1972.’’ 

The FAA issues special conditions, as 

defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance 

with § 11.38, and they become part of 

the type-certification basis under 

§ 21.17(a)(2). 

Novel or Unusual Design Features 

The Bombardier Aerospace Model 

BD–500–1A10 and BD–500–1A11 

airplanes will incorporate the following 

novel or unusual design feature: A 

sidestick controller instead of a 

conventional control column and wheel. 

This kind of controller is designed for 

one-hand operation. 

Discussion 

The Bombardier Aerospace Model 

BD–500–1A10 and BD–500–1A11 

airplanes are equipped with a sidestick 

controller instead of a conventional 

wheel or control stick. This kind of 

controller is designed to be operated 

using only one hand. The requirement 

of 14 CFR 25.397(c), which defines limit 

pilot forces and torques for conventional 

wheel or stick controls, is not adequate 

for a sidestick controller, because pilot 

forces are applied to sidestick 

controllers with only the wrist, not 

arms. A special condition is necessary 

to specify the appropriate loading 

conditions for a sidestick controller. 

These proposed special conditions 

contain the additional safety standards 

that the Administrator considers 

necessary to establish a level of safety 

equivalent to that established by the 

existing airworthiness standards. 

Applicability 

As discussed above, these special 

conditions are applicable to the 

Bombardier Aerospace Model BD–500– 

1A10 and BD–500–1A11 airplanes. 

Should Bombardier Aerospace apply at 

a later date for a change to the type 

certificate to include another model 

incorporating the same novel or unusual 

design feature, the special conditions 

would apply to that model as well. 

Conclusion 

This action affects only certain novel 

or unusual design features on 

Bombardier Aerospace Model BD–500– 

1A10 and BD–500–1A11 airplanes. It is 

not a rule of general applicability. 

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 

Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting 

and recordkeeping requirements. 

The authority citation for these 

special conditions is as follows: 

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 

44702, 44704. 

The Proposed Special Conditions 

Accordingly, the Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA) proposes the 

following special conditions as part of 

the type certification basis for Model 

BD–500–1A10 and BD–500–1A11 

airplanes by Bombardier Aerospace: 

Limit Pilot Forces for Sidestick Control 

In lieu of the pilot forces specified in 

§ 25.397(c), for the Bombardier Model 

BD–500–1A10 and BD–500–1A11 

airplanes equipped with sidestick 

controls designed for forces to be 

applied by one wrist and not arms, the 

limit pilot forces are as follows: 

1. For all components between and 

including the handle and its control 

stops. 

Pitch Roll 

Nose up 200 pounds 

force (lbf).

Nose Left 100 lbf. 

Nose down 200 lbf .... Nose Right 100 lbf. 

2. For all other components of the 

sidestick control assembly, excluding 

the internal components of the electrical 

sensor assemblies, to avoid damage as a 

result of an in-flight jam. 

Pitch Roll 

Nose up 125 lbf ........ Nose Left 50 lbf. 

Nose down 125 lbf .... Nose Right 50 lbf. 

Issued in Renton, Washington, on 

November 14, 2012. 

Ali Bahrami, 

Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, 

Aircraft Certification Service. 

[FR Doc. 2012–28131 Filed 11–19–12; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 25 

[Docket No. FAA–2012–1211; Notice No. 25– 

12–10–SC] 

Special Conditions: Embraer S.A., 

Model EMB–550 Airplanes; Flight 

Envelope Protection: Pitch and Roll 

Limiting Functions 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Notice of proposed special 

conditions. 

SUMMARY: This action proposes special 

conditions for the Embraer S.A. Model 

EMB–550 airplane. This airplane will 

have a novel or unusual design feature 

associated with pitch and roll limiting 

functions, specifically an electronic 

flight control system which contains flyby-wire control laws, including 

envelope protections. The applicable 

airworthiness regulations do not contain 

adequate or appropriate safety standards 

for this design feature. These proposed 

special conditions contain the 

additional safety standards that the 

Administrator considers necessary to 

establish a level of safety equivalent to 

that established by the existing 

airworthiness standards. 

DATES: Send your comments on or 

before January 4, 2013. 

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified 

by docket number FAA–2012–1211 

using any of the following methods: 

• Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to 

http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow 

the online instructions for sending your 

comments electronically. 

• Mail: Send comments to Docket 

Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of 

Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey 

Avenue SE., Room W12–140, West 

Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 

20590–0001. 

• Hand Delivery or Courier: Take 

comments to Docket Operations in 

Room W12–140 of the West Building 

Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey 

Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 8 

a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through 

Friday, except federal holidays. 

• Fax: Fax comments to Docket 

Operations at 202–493–2251. 


wreier-aviles on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with 
69570 Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 224 / Tuesday, November 20, 2012 / Proposed Rules 

Privacy: The FAA will post all 

comments it receives, without change, 

to http://www.regulations.gov/, 

including any personal information the 

commenter provides. Using the search 

function of the docket Web site, anyone 

can find and read the electronic form of 

all comments received into any FAA 

docket, including the name of the 

individual sending the comment (or 

signing the comment for an association, 

business, labor union, etc.). DOT’s 

complete Privacy Act Statement can be 

found in the Federal Register published 

on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478), 

as well as at http://DocketsInfo. 

dot.gov/. 

Docket: Background documents or 

comments received may be read at 

http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. 

Follow the online instructions for 

accessing the docket or go to the Docket 

Operations in Room W12–140 of the 

West Building Ground Floor at 1200 

New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, 

DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday 

through Friday, except federal holidays. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Joe 

Jacobsen, FAA, Airplane and Flight 

Crew Interface Branch, ANM–111, 

Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft 

Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue 

SW., Renton, Washington 98057–3356; 

telephone 425–227–2011; facsimile 

425–227–1149. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Comments Invited 

We invite interested people to take 

part in this rulemaking by sending 

written comments, data, or views. The 

most helpful comments reference a 

specific portion of the special 

conditions, explain the reason for any 

recommended change, and include 

supporting data. 

We will consider all comments we 

receive on or before the closing date for 

comments. We may change these special 

conditions based on the comments we 

receive. 

Background 

On May 14, 2009, Embraer S.A. 

applied for a type certificate for their 

new Model EMB–550 airplane. The 

Model EMB–550 airplane is the first of 

a new family of jet airplanes designed 

for corporate flight, fractional, charter, 

and private owner operations. The 

aircraft has a conventional configuration 

with a low wing and T-tail empennage. 

The primary structure is metal with 

composite empennage and control 

surfaces. The Model EMB–550 airplane 

is designed for 8 passengers, with a 

maximum of 12 passengers. It is 

equipped with two Honeywell 

HTF7500–E medium bypass ratio 

turbofan engines mounted on aft 

fuselage pylons. Each engine produces 

approximately 6,540 pounds of thrust 

for normal takeoff. The primary flight 

controls consist of hydraulically 

powered fly-by-wire elevators, aileron 

and rudder, controlled by the pilot or 

copilot sidestick. 

The airworthiness standards in Title 

14, Code of Federal Regulations (14 

CFR) part 25 do not specifically relate 

to flight characteristics associated with 

fixed attitude limits. Embraer S.A. will 

implement pitch and roll attitude 

protection functions through the normal 

modes of the electronic flight control 

system that will provide speed stability 

for high and low pitch angles. These 

functions also provide strong spiral 

stability for roll angles at high bank 

angles. In addition, bank angle limiting 

is introduced at speeds greater than 

VMO/MMO, up to VDF/MDF. 

Type Certification Basis 

Under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.17, 

Embraer S.A. must show that the Model 

EMB–550 airplane meets the applicable 

provisions of part 25, as amended by 

Amendments 25–1 through 25–127 

thereto. 

If the Administrator finds that the 

applicable airworthiness regulations 

(i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain 

adequate or appropriate safety standards 

for the Model EMB–550 airplane 

because of a novel or unusual design 

feature, special conditions are 

prescribed under the provisions of 

§ 21.16. 

Special conditions are initially 

applicable to the model for which they 

are issued. Should the type certificate 

for that model be amended later to 

include any other model that 

incorporates the same or similar novel 

or unusual design feature, the special 

conditions would also apply to the other 

model under § 21.101. 

In addition to the applicable 

airworthiness regulations and special 

conditions, the Model EMB–550 

airplane must comply with the fuel vent 

and exhaust emission requirements of 

14 CFR part 34 and the noise 

certification requirements of 14 CFR 

part 36 and the FAA must issue a 

finding of regulatory adequacy under 

§ 611 of Public Law 92–574, the ‘‘Noise 

Control Act of 1972.’’ 

The FAA issues special conditions, as 

defined in 14 CFR 11.19, in accordance 

with § 11.38, and they become part of 

the type-certification basis under 

§ 21.17(a)(2). 

Novel or Unusual Design Features 

The Model EMB–550 airplane will 

incorporate the following novel or 

unusual design feature: An electronic 

flight control system which contains flyby-wire control laws, including 

envelope protections, which were not 

envisioned when part 25 was written. 

Discussion 

We expect that high thrust-to-weight 

ratios will provide the most critical 

cases for the positive pitch limit. A 

margin in pitch control must be 

available to enable speed control in 

maneuvers such as climb after takeoff 

and balked landing climb. The pitch 

limit must not impede likely 

maneuvering made necessary by 

collision avoidance efforts. A negative 

pitch limit must similarly not interfere 

with collision avoidance capability or 

with attaining and maintaining speeds 

near VMO/MMO for emergency descent. 

Spiral stability must not restrict 

attaining roll angles up to 65 degrees 

(i.e., an approximately 2.4g-level turn). 

This force must not require excessive 

pilot strength as stated in § 25.143(f). 

These proposed special conditions 

contain the additional safety standards 

that the Administrator considers 

necessary to establish a level of safety 

equivalent to that established by the 

existing airworthiness standards. 

Applicability 

As discussed above, these special 

conditions are applicable to the Model 

EMB–550 airplane. Should Embraer 

S.A. apply at a later date for a change 

to the type certificate to include another 

model incorporating the same novel or 

unusual design feature, the special 

conditions would apply to that model as 

well. 

Conclusion 

This action affects only certain novel 

or unusual design features on one model 

of airplanes. It is not a rule of general 

applicability. 

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 

Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting 

and recordkeeping requirements. 

The authority citation for these 

special conditions is as follows: 

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 

44702, 44704. 

The Proposed Special Conditions 

Accordingly, the Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA) proposes the 

following special conditions as part of 

the type certification basis for Embraer 

S.A. Model EMB–550 airplanes. In 

addition to § 25.143, the following 

requirements apply: 


wreier-aviles on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with 
Federal Register / Vol. 77, No. 224 / Tuesday, November 20, 2012 / Proposed Rules 69571 

1. Flight Envelope Protection: Pitch 

and Roll Limiting Functions. 

a. The pitch limiting function must 

not impede normal maneuvering for 

pitch angles up to the maximum 

required for normal maneuvering, 

including a normal all-engines operating 

takeoff, plus a suitable margin to allow 

for satisfactory speed control. 

b. The pitch and roll limiting 

functions must not restrict or prevent 

attaining pitch attitudes necessary for 

emergency maneuvering or roll angles 

up to 66 degrees with flaps up, or 60 

degrees with flaps down. Spiral 

stability, which is introduced above 33 

degrees roll angle, must not require 

excessive pilot strength to achieve these 

roll angles. Other protections, which 

further limit the roll capability under 

certain extreme angle of attack or 

attitude or high speed conditions, are 

acceptable, as long as they allow at least 

45 degrees of roll capability. 

c. A lower limit of roll is acceptable 

beyond the overspeed warning if it is 

possible to recover the aircraft to the 

normal flight envelope without undue 

difficulty or delay. 

Issued in Renton, Washington, on 

November 9, 2012. 

Ali Bahrami, 

Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, 

Aircraft Certification Service. 

[FR Doc. 2012–28133 Filed 11–19–12; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 25 

[Docket No. FAA–2012–1216; Notice No. 25– 

12–13–SC] 

Special Conditions: Embraer S.A., 

Model EMB–550 Airplane, Limit Pilot 

Forces for Sidestick Control 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Notice of proposed special 

conditions. 

SUMMARY: This action proposes special 

conditions for the Embraer S.A. Model 

EMB–550 airplane. This airplane will 

have a novel or unusual design feature, 

specifically sidestick controllers 

designed to be operated with only one 

hand. The applicable airworthiness 

regulations do not contain adequate or 

appropriate safety standards for this 

design feature. These proposed special 

conditions contain the additional safety 

standards that the Administrator 

considers necessary to establish a level 

of safety equivalent to that established 

by the existing airworthiness standards. 

DATES: Send your comments on or 

before January 4, 2013. 

ADDRESSES: Send comments identified 

by docket number [FAA–2012–1216] 

using any of the following methods: 

• Federal eRegulations Portal: Go to 

http://www.regulations.gov/ and follow 

the online instructions for sending your 

comments electronically. 

• Mail: Send comments to Docket 

Operations, M–30, U.S. Department of 

Transportation (DOT), 1200 New Jersey 

Avenue SE., Room W12–140, West 

Building Ground Floor, Washington, DC 

20590–0001. 

• Hand Delivery or Courier: Take 

comments to Docket Operations in 

Room W12–140 of the West Building 

Ground Floor at 1200 New Jersey 

Avenue SE., Washington, DC, between 8 

a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through 

Friday, except federal holidays. 

• Fax: Fax comments to Docket 

Operations at 202–493–2251. 

Privacy: The FAA will post all 

comments it receives, without change, 

to http://www.regulations.gov/, 

including any personal information the 

commenter provides. Using the search 

function of the docket Web site, anyone 

can find and read the electronic form of 

all comments received into any FAA 

docket, including the name of the 

individual sending the comment (or 

signing the comment for an association, 

business, labor union, etc.). DOT’s 

complete Privacy Act Statement can be 

found in the Federal Register published 

on April 11, 2000 (65 FR 19477–19478), 

as well as at http://DocketsInfo. 

dot.gov/. 

Docket: Background documents or 

comments received may be read at 

http://www.regulations.gov/ at any time. 

Follow the online instructions for 

accessing the docket or go to the Docket 

Operations in Room W12–140 of the 

West Building Ground Floor at 1200 

New Jersey Avenue SE., Washington, 

DC, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday 

through Friday, except federal holidays. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Todd Martin, FAA, Airframe and Cabin 

Safety Branch, ANM–115, Transport 

Airplane Directorate, Aircraft 

Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue 

SW., Renton, Washington 98057–3356; 

telephone 425–227–1178; facsimile 

425–227–1149. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Comments Invited 

We invite interested people to take 

part in this rulemaking by sending 

written comments, data, or views. The 

most helpful comments reference a 

specific portion of the special 

conditions, explain the reason for any 

recommended change, and include 

supporting data. 

We will consider all comments we 

receive on or before the closing date for 

comments. We may change these special 

conditions based on the comments we 

receive. 

Background 

On May 14, 2009, Embraer S.A. 

applied for a type certificate for their 

new Model EMB–550 airplane. The 

Model EMB–550 airplane is the first of 

a new family of jet airplanes designed 

for corporate flight, fractional, charter, 

and private owner operations. The 

aircraft has a conventional configuration 

with low wing and T-tail empennage. 

The primary structure is metal with 

composite empennage and control 

surfaces. The Model EMB–550 airplane 

is designed for 8 passengers, with a 

maximum of 12 passengers. It is 

equipped with two Honeywell 

HTF7500–E medium bypass ratio 

turbofan engines mounted on aft 

fuselage pylons. Each engine produces 

approximately 6,540 pounds of thrust 

for normal takeoff. The primary flight 

controls consist of hydraulically 

powered fly-by-wire elevators, ailerons, 

and rudder, controlled by the pilot or 

copilot sidestick. 

Current regulations reference pilot 

effort loads for the cockpit pitch and roll 

controls that are based on a two-handed 

effort. The cockpit roll and pitch 

controls for the Model EMB–550 

airplane are designed for one-handed 

operation. 

Type Certification Basis 

Under the provisions of Title 14, Code 

of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 21.17, 

Embraer S.A. must show that the Model 

EMB–550 airplane meets the applicable 

provisions of part 25, as amended by 

Amendments 25–1 through 25–127 

thereto. 

If the Administrator finds that the 

applicable airworthiness regulations 14 

CFR part 25 do not contain adequate or 

appropriate safety standards for the 

Model EMB–550 airplane because of a 

novel or unusual design feature, special 

conditions are prescribed under the 

provisions of § 21.16. 

Special conditions are initially 

applicable to the model for which they 

are issued. Should the type certificate 

for that model be amended later to 

include any other model that 

incorporates the same or similar novel 

or unusual design feature, the special 

conditions would also apply to the other 

model under § 21.101. 


wreier-aviles on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with