T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on a nd i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by 9th C i r . R . 36- 3. T he pa ne l una ni m ous l y c onc l ude s thi s c a s e i s s ui t abl e f orde c i s i on ** w ith o u t o r a l a r g u m e n t. See F ed. R . A pp . ¶. 34 (a )( 2).

Th e H o n o r ab l e G o r d o n J . Q u i s t , Se n i o rD i s tr i c tJ u d g e f o rth e U . S. ** * D i s tr i c tC ourtf

orW e s t e rn M i c hi ga n, G r a nd R api ds , s i tt i ng by de s i gna t i on.

NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T UN I T E D S T AT E S OF AME R I C A, P l ai nt i ff

- A pp el l ee , v. E R I C WE S L E Y MAS ON , D e f

e n d a n t - A p p e lla n t. N o. 10- 50070 D . C . N o. 3: 09 -c r- 02 79 3-JL S -1 ME MOR AN DU M *

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e S o u th e rn D is tr ic t o f C a lif o rn ia J a ni s L . S a m m a rt i no, D i s tr i c tJ udge , P r e s i di ng S ubm i tt e d F e brua ry 15, 2011 ** P a s a d e n a , C a lif

o rn ia B ef ore: R Y M E R and B Y B E E , C i rc ui tJudg es , and Q U IS T , S eni or D i stri ct Judg e. *** 

# FI LED FEB 17 2 011 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALS2

D e f e n d a n t E r ic M a s o n ap p e a ls f r o m a n o r d e ro f

th e d is tr ic t c o u rt d e n y in g h is m ot i on t o s uppr e s s e vi de nc e obt a i ne d i n the c our s e of aB or de rP a tr ol s t op a l ong Int er st at e 8. M as on ar gu es thatathi s s up pres si on hear i ng , the di stri ctcourt i m pr ope r l y c ons i de r e d the t e s t i m ony of A ge ntH e rbe rtR os e tt e c onc e rni ng the f r e que nc y of

a l i e n s m uggl i ng a l ong I nt e r s t a t e 8. W e have previ ou sl y hel d thatpo l i ce offi ce rs m ayconsi der the fr equency of a r o a d ’s u s e a s a n a lie n s m u g g lin g r o u te in d e te rm in in g w h e th e rr e a s o n ab le s u s p ic io n e x is ts to ju s tif y atr a f f ic s to p . U

ni ted Stat es v. P al os-M

arqu ez , 591 F . 3d 1 2 7 2 , 1 2 7 7 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 1 0 ) ( “[ T ]h e n o to r ie ty o f ar o a d a s a n a lie n s m u g g lin g r o u te ha s l ong be e n he l d by num e r ous c ourt s , i nc l udi ng the S upr e m e C ourt , a s ar e l e va nt f a c t ors upport i ng r e a s onabl e s us pi c i on. ” ( c i t i ng U ni ted Stat es v. B ri

gn on i -P on ce , 4 2 2 U .S . 8 7 3 , 8 8 4

– 8 5 ) ) . H o w e v e r , th e f r e q u e n t u s e o f

ar o a d b y a lie n s m u g g le r s is n o t, o n its o w n , s u f

f ic ie n t to s u p p o rt ar e a s o n ab le s u s p ic io n . U ni ted Stat es v. M anz o-J ur ado , 4 5 7 F .3 d 9 2 8 , 9 3 6 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 6 ) ( “[ A ] lo c a tio n o rr o u te f r e que nt e d by i l l e ga l i m m i gr a nt s , buta l s o by m a ny l e ga l r e s i de nt s , i s not si gn i fi cant l y probat i ve t o an ass es sm entof re as on abl e s uspi ci on . ”) . H e r e , the di s tr i c tc ourtc onc l ude d tha tA ge ntR os e tt e ’ s s t op w a s j us t i f i e d by a tl e a s te i ghtf

a c t s : ( 1) atruc k dr i ve r ’ s ge s tur e di r e c t i ng A ge ntR os e tt e ’ s a tt e nt i on to M as o n ’s v eh icle, (2 ) th e f ac t th at th e c ar“w as a ju n k er ,” (3 ) A g en t R o se tt e’s3

obs e rva t i on tha tthe ve hi c l e w a s r i di ng l ow , ( 4) M a s on’ s f a i l ur e t o turn of

f hi s r i ght turn s i gna l , ( 5) M a s on’ s ne rvous de m e a nora f t e rnot i c i ng A ge ntR os e tt e , ( 6) the c a r ’ s e xpi r e d r e gi s tr a t i on, ( 7) A ge ntR os e tt e ’ s obs e rva t i on of tw o he a ds poppi ng up fr om the back sea tof the car, and (8) Int er st at e 8’ s pop ul ar i ty a s an al i en sm ug gl i ng venu e. W e a gr e e w i th the di s tr i c tc ourt ’ s c onc l us i on tha t , c ons i de r i ng the t ot a l i ty of th e s e c ir c u m s ta n c e s , A g e n t R o s e tte ’s a c tio n s w e r e s u p p o rte d b y ar e a s o n ab le s u s p ic io n th a t M a s o n w a s e n g a g e d in c r im in a l a c tiv ity . See P al os-M arqu ez , 591 F . 3d a t1274–75. AF F I R ME D.