### Page **1** TITLE PAGE: VOLUME 1 CROP GROUP ING PET IT ION

– TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL FRUIT, EDIBLE PEEL , TECHNICAL AMENDMENT (ADDITION) TO 40 CFR 180.41 (c) AND 180.1 (h) 

### (Açaí; Acerola; African plum; Agritos; Almondette; Ambarella; Apak palm; Appleberry ; Arazá; Arbutus Berry ; Babaco; Bacaba palm; Bacaba

- de

- leque; Bayberry, Red; Bignay; Bilimbi; Breadnut; Cabeluda; Cajou (pseudo fruit); Cambucá; Carandas

-plum; Carob; Cashew (pseudo fruit); Ceylon iron wood; Ceylon olive; Cherry

- of

-the

-Rio

- Grande; Chinese olive, black; Chinese olive, white; Chirauli

-nut; Ciruela verde; Cocoplum; Date; Davidson's plum; Desert

- date; Doum palm coconut; False sandalwood; Feijoa; Fig; Fragrant Manjack; Gooseberry, Abyssinian; Gooseberry, Ceylon; Gooseb erry, Indian; Gooseberry, Otaheite; Governor's plum; Grumichama; Guabiroba; Guava; Guava berry; Guava, Brazilian; Guava, cattley; Guava, Costa Rican; Guava, para; Guava, purple strawberry; Guava, strawberry ; Guava, yellow strawberry; Guayabillo; Illawarra plum; Imbé; Imbu; Indian

-plum; Jaboticaba; Jamaica

- cherry; Jambolan; Jelly palm; Jujube, Chinese; Jujube, Indian; Kaffir

-plum; Kakadu plum; Kapundung; Karanda; Kwai muk; Lemon aspen; Mangaba; Marian plum; Mombin, Malayan; Mombin, purple; Mombin, yellow; Monkeyfruit; Monos plum; Mountain cherry ; Nance; Natal plum; Noni; Olive; Papaya, Mountain; Patauá; Peach Palm; Persimmon, black; Persimmon, Japanese; Pitomba; Plum

- of

-Martinique; Pomerac; Rambai; Rose appl e; Rukam; Rumberry; Sea grape; Sentul; Sete

- capotes; Silver aspen; Starfruit; Surinam cherry; Tamarind;

Uvalha; Water apple; Water pear ; Water berry; Wax jambu)

AUTHORS William P. Barney and Kathryn Homa 

### INTERREGIONAL RESEARCH PROJECT NO . 4

RUTGERS UNIVERSITY 500 C OLLEGE ROAD EAST , 201W P RI NCETON , NJ 08540
New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station Publication No. A

- 27200

-21

- 10 , Supported by State, U.S. Hatch Act and other U.S. Department of Agriculture funds.

### Page **2** TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
TITLE PAGE: VOLUME 1

................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 2 TECHNICAL AMENDMENT (ADDITION):

................................ ................................ ................ 3 

### PROPOSED AMENDMENT

................................ ................................ ......................... 3 BACKGROUND

................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 7 CULTURAL INFORMATION

................................ ................................ ...................... 7 PEST PROBLEMS

................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 7 PROPOSED CROP GROUP

................................ ................................ .......................... 8 PROPOSED SUBGROUPS AND REPRESENTATIVE CROPS

............................... 11 CROP DEFINITIONS

................................ ................................ ................................ .. 14 SUGGESTED INTERIM TOLERANCE EXPRESSIONS

................................ ......... 15 Table 1. Tolerances established on Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel

........ 18 Table 2. Tropical and Subtropical Fruit, Edible Peel Production in 2008

.................... 22 Table 3. Crop Group Comparisons

– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel

..... 23 ATTACHMENT 1. EXCEL SPREADSHEETS FOR SORTING SUBGROUPS

........................ 31 ATTACHMENT 2. SYMPOSIUM PROPOSAL

................................ ................................ .......... 68 ATTACHMENT 3. REFERENCES

................................ ................................ .............................. 80 VOLUME 2. COMMODITY MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 3. REFERENCES

### Page **3** TECHNICAL AMENDMENT (ADDITION) :

40 CFR 180.41 (c) 

### IR
-4 Project and the International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC) propose an amendment (addition) to 40 CFR 180.41 (c) , adding a new crop group
– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edilbe Peel

. **PROPOSED AMENDMENT** 

### 1

. Add a new crop group in 40 CFR 180.41 (c) as “Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edilbe Peel ”

. 2. Add the following 10 8 commo dities in this new crop group: 1. Açaí, Euterpe oleracea Mart., (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) 2. Acerola, Malpighia emarginata DC., (Malpighiaceae) 3. African plum, Vitex doniana Sweet, (Lamiaceae (alt. Labiatae) (also placed in Verbenaceae)) 4. Agritos, Berberis trifoliolata Moric., (Berberidaceae) 5. Almondette, Buchanania lanzan Spreng., (Anacardiaceae) 6. Ambarella, Spondias dulcis Sol. ex Parkinson, (Anacardiaceae) 7. Apak palm, Brahea dulcis (Kunth) Mart., (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) 8. Appleberry, Billardiera scan dens Sm., (Pittosporaceae) 9. Arazá, Eugenia stipitata McVaugh, (Myrtaceae) 10. Arbutus Berry, Arbutus unedo L. , (Ericaceae) 11. Babaco, Vasconcellea x heilbornii (V. M. Badillo) V. M. Badillo, (Caricaceae) 12. Bacaba palm, Oenocarpus bacaba Mart., (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) 13. Bacaba

- de

- leque, Oenocarpus distichus Mart., (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) 14. Bayberry, Red, Morella rubra Lour., (My ricaceae) 15. Bignay, Antidesma bunius (L .) Spreng., (Phyllanthaceae (also placed in Euphorbiaceae, Stilaginaceae)) 16. Bilimbi, Averrhoa bilimbi L. , (Oxalidaceae (also placed in Averrhoaceae)) 17. Breadnut, Brosimum alicastrum Sw., (Moraceae) 18. Cabeluda, Plinia glomerata (O. Berg) Amshoff, (My rtaceae) 19. Cajou (pseudo fruit), Anacardium giganteum Hance ex Engl., (Anacardiaceae) 20. Cambucá, M

arlierea edulis Nied., (My rtaceae) 21. Carandas

-plum, Carissa edulis Vahl, (Apocy naceae) 22. Carob, Ceratonia siliqua L. , (Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae) (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae)) 23. Cashew (pseudo fruit), Anacardium occidentale L., (Anacardiaceae) 24. Ceylon iron wood, Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard, (Sapotaceae) 25. Ceylon olive, Elaeocarpus serratus L. , (Elaeocarpaceae) 26. Cherry

- of

-the

-Rio

- Grande, Eugenia aggregata (Vell.) Kiaersk., (Myrtaceae)

### Page **4**



### 27. Chinese olive, black, Canarium tramdenum C. D. Dai& Yakovlev , (Burseraceae) 28. Chinese olive, white, Canarium album (Lour.) Raeusch., (Burseraceae) 29. Chirauli

-nut, Buchanania latifolia Roxb., (Anacardiaceae) 30. Ciruela verde, Bunchosia armeniaca (Cav.) DC., (Malpighiaceae) 31. Cocoplum, Chrysobalanus icaco L., (Chrysobalanaceae) 32. Date, Phoenix dactylifera L. , (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) 33. Davidson's plum, Davidsonia pruriens F. Muell., (Cunoniaceae (also placed in Davidsoniaceae)) 34. Desert
- date, Balanites aegyptiacus (L.) Delile, (Zygophyllaceae (also placed in Balanitaceae)) 35. Doum palm coconut, Hyphaene thebaica (L .) Mart., (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) 36. False sandalwood, Ximenia americana L., (Olacaceae) 37. Feijoa, Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret, (Myrtaceae) 38. Fig, Ficus carica L., (Moraceae) 39. Fragrant Manjack, Cordia dichotoma G. Forst., (Boraginaceae) 40. Gooseberry, Ab ys sinian, Dovyalis abyssinica (A. Rich.) Warb., (Salicaceae (also placed in Flacourtiaceae)) 41. Gooseberry, Ceylon, Dovyalis hebecarpa (Gardner) Warb., (Salicaceae (also placed in Flacourtiaceae)) 42. Gooseberry, Indian, Phyllanthus emblica L. , (Phyllanthaceae (also placed in Euphorbiaceae)) 43. Gooseberry, Otaheite, Phyllanthus acidus (L .) Skeels, (Phyllanthaceae (also placed in Euphorbiaceae)) 44. Governor's plum, Flacourtia indica (Burm. F.) Merr., (Salicaceae (also placed in Flacourtiaceae)) 45. Grumichama, Eugenia brasiliensis Lam, (Myrtaceae) 46. Guabiroba, Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg, (My rtaceae) 47. Guava, Psidium guajava L. , (Myrtaceae) [ Includes by crop definition : 48. Guava berry, Myrciaria floribunda (H . West ex Willd.) O. Berg, (Myrtaceae) 49. Guava, Brazilian, Psidium guineense Sw. 50. Guava, C attley, Psidium cattleianum Sabine, (My rtaceae) 51. Guava, Costa Rican, ( Psidium friedrichsthalianum (O. Berg) Nied.) 52. Guava, Para, Psidium acutangulum DC., (My rtaceae) 53. Guava, purple strawberry, Psidium cattleianum Sabine var. cattleianum , (My rtaceae) 54. Guava, strawberry, Psidium cattleianum Sabine var. littorale (Raddi) Fosberg, (My rtaceae) 55. Guava, yellow strawberry, Psidium cattleianum Sabine var. cattleianum forma lucidum O. Deg., (Myrtaceae)

### Page **5**



### 56. Guayabillo, (

Psidium sartorianum (O. Berg) Nied.) 57. Illawarra plum, Podocarpus elatus R. Br. Ex Endl., (Podocarpaceae) 58. Imbé, Garcinia livingstonei T. Anderson, (Clusiaceae (alt. Guttiferae)) 59. Imbu, Spondias tuberosa Arruda ex Kost., (Anacardiaceae) 60. Indian

-plum, Flacourtia jangomas , (Salicaceae (also placed in Flacourtiaceae)) 61. Jaboticaba, Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg, (My rtaceae) 62. Jamaica

- cherry, Muntingia calabura L. , (Muntingiaceae, ((also placed in Elaeocarpaceae, Tiliaceae)) 63. Jambolan, Syzygium cumini (L .) Skeels, (Myrtaceae) 64. Jelly palm, Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc., (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) 65. Jujube, Chinese, Ziziphus jujuba Mill., (Rhamnaceae) 66. Jujube, Indian, Ziziphus mauritiana Lam., (Rhamnaceae) 67. Kaf fir

-plum, Harpephyllum caffrum Bernh. Ex C. Krauss, (Anacardiaceae) 68. Kakadu plum, Terminalia latipes Benth. Subsp. psilocarpa Pedley, (Combretaceae) 69. Kapundung, Baccaurea racemosa (Reinw.) Mull. Arg., (Phyllanthaceae (also placed in Euphorbiaceae)) 70. 

### Karanda, Carissa carandas L. 

### 71. Kwai muk, Artocarpus hypargyreus Hance ex Benth., (Moraceae) 72. Lemon aspen, Acronychia acidula , (Rutaceae) 73. Mangaba, Hancornia speciosa Gomes, (Apocy naceae) 74. Marian plum, Bouea macrophylla Griff., (Anacardiaceae) 75. Mombin, Malayan, Spondias pinnata (J. Koenig ex L . f.) Kurz, (Anacardiaceae) 76. Mombin, purple, Spondias purpurea L. , (Anacardiaceae) 77. Mombin, yellow, Spondias mombin L. , (Anacardiaceae) 78. Monkeyfruit, Artocarpus lacucha Buch.

-Ham., (Moraceae) 79. Monos plum, Pseudan amomis umbellulifera (Kunth) Kausel, (Myrtaceae) 80. Mountain cherry, Bunchosia cornifolia Kunth, (Malpighiaceae) 81. Nance, Byrsonima crassifolia (L .) Kunth, (Malpighiaceae) 82. Natal plum, Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A.DC, (Apocy naceae) 83. Noni , Morinda citrif olia L. , (Rubiaceae) 84. Olive, Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea , (Oleaceae) 85. Papaya, Mountain, Vasconcellea pubescens A. DC., (Caricaceae) 86. Patauá, Oenocarpus bataua Mart., (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) 87. Peach Palm, Bactris gasipaes Kunth var. gasipaes , (Arecaceae (alt. Palmae)) 88. Persimmon, black, Diospyros texana Scheele, (Ebenaceae) 89. Persimmon, Japanese, Diospyros kaki Thunb., (Ebenaceae) 90. Pitomba, Eugenia luschnathiana Klotzsch ex O. Berg, (Myrtaceae) 91. Plum

- of

-Martinique, Flacourtia inermis , (Salicace ae (also placed in Flacourtiaceae)) 92. Pomerac, Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry, (Myrtaceae)

### Page **6**



### 93. Rambai, Baccaurea motleyana (Mull. Arg.) Mull. Arg., (Phyllanthaceae) 94. Rose apple, Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston, (Myrtaceae) 95. Rukam, Flacourtia rukam , (Salicaceae (also placed in Flacourtiaceae)) 96. Rumberry, Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) Mc Vaugh, (My rtaceae) 97. Sea grape, Coccoloba uvifera (L .) L., (Polygonaceae) 98. Sentul, Sandoricum koetjape (Burm. F.) Merr., (Meliaceae) 99. Sete

- capotes, Campomanesia guazumif olia (Cambess.) O. Berg, (Myrtaceae) 100. Silver aspen, Acronychia wilcoxiana , (Rutaceae) 101. Starfruit, Averrhoa carambola L. , (Oxalidaceae (also placed in Averrhoaceae)) 102. Surinam cherry, Eugenia uniflora L. , (My rtaceae) 103. Tamarind, Tamarindus indica L. , (Fab aceae (alt. Leguminosae) (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae)) 104. Uvalha, Eugenia pyriformis , (My rtaceae) 105. Water apple, Syzygium aqueum (Burm. F.) Alston, (My rtaceae) 106. Water pear Syzygium guineense , (My rtaceae) 107. Water berry, Syzygium cordatum , (My rtaceae) 108. Wax jambu, Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M. Perry, (My rtaceae)

### Page **7**

**BACKGROUND** 

### A tropical fruit is a fruit produced b y a tree, shrub or vine native to the tropics. The tropics are generally defined as the region of the globe between the Tropic of C ancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. The environment of the tropics is warm to hot and humid ye ar round, creating a unique habitat that results in trees, shrubs, and vines that grow nowhere else in the world. The sub

-tropics are geographically located imme diately north and south of the tropical zone and have climates much milder than temperate, northern zones. Some tropical fruits are well known throughout the world and have been consumed for centuries. Some of these fruits include bananas, pomegranates, mangoes, papaya, avocados, pineapple, guavas, passionfruit and dates. Many of these fruits are avail able in markets year-round from a steady supply of fruit produced in the tropics and sub

-tropics. Other tropical fruit are less well known, but are popular in specific countries or regions of the world. Other previously less well known fruit have recently become popular in the US. For example açaí fruit is now a popular health drink

. **CULTURAL INFORMATION** 

### The majority

of tropical fruits develop on trees or shrubs , while a small portion of tropical fruits grow on vines on trellises

. Since tropical and sub

-tropical fruits are grown in similar climates, these crops have similar production methods. The monographs in Volume 2 of this submission include cultivation details for each of the proposed tropical and sub

-tropical crops.
**PEST PROBLEMS** 

### Environmental conditions in the tropics and sub

-tropics are favorable for a wide range of weed, insect and plant diseases on a ye ar-round basis. These diverse insects , weeds and pathogens often need to be controlled by herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. A crop group regulation would facilitate the establishment of pesticide tolerances on numerous pesticides that are needed to control a wide diversity of plant p ests.

### Page **8**

**PROPOSED CROP GROUP**  

### The Tropical and sub

-tropical fruit, edible peel proposal was initiated at the USDA/IR
-4 Crop Grouping S ymposium in Washington, DC, October 2002 (see Attachment 2 for S ymposium proposal). This workgroup was Chaired by Michael Braverman (IR

-4) and Co

- Chaired b y Jonathan Crane (University of Florida) , Nancy Dodd (EPA) , Will Donovan (EPA) , Edith Lurvey (IR
-4) and Maria Rodriguez (EPA). This new crop group was further discussed and developed within the Tropical Fruit, Edible Peel Workgroup of the International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC), which consisted of 62 U.S. crop or regulatory experts from agriculture commodity

groups, universities, agrichemical industry, IR
-4 Project, USDA, and EPA, and also 33 international crop or regulatory experts representing over 30 countries. The Workgroup discussed and validated each of the proposed commodities. Kathry n Homa (author, IR
-4 ) then updated and developed commodity monographs (Volume 2 of this submission) as supporting data
. A list of references is provided at the end of the monographs. Copies of partial referenc es are included as Volumes 3 and 4??? o f this submission

. An important aspect of developing this new crop group was the harmonization with the Codex Crop Class ification of Foods and Animal Feeds. The Codex classification s ystem is currently under revision with many proposed tropical fruit additions . The IR
-4/EPA Crop Grouping Working Group and the ICGCC are making every effort to collaborate with the revision of the Codex crop classification. In the current Codex Crop Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds , assorted tropical and sub

tropical fruits

– edible peel are included in Group 005 which is classified in Ty pe 01 Fruits. The IR

-4/ICGCC submission will be forwarded to the Codex Electronic Working Group for the revision of the Codex Classification of Foods and Animal Feeds. This submission includes many of the recently proposed additions of tropical fruits, edible peel to the Codex classification. The inclusion of tropical fruits with edible peels will ultimately

benefit US growers in exporting commodities that would have Codex MRL S established based on a harmonized tropical and sub

-tropical fruits, edible peel crop group. Fruits that are primarily processed into juice , jams, jelly or wine were also included in the e dible peel crop group since it was assumed that pesticide residues could contaminate the commodity during processing. Examples include (1) açaí, which is soaked in water to soften the outer shell; (2) arazá, which is rarely eaten raw due to its acidity and is mostly prepared into a juice or jelly; (3) red bay berry, which has a knobby surface and is prepared into juice, sweets, jam and wine; (4) bilimbi, which is extremely acidic/sour and is usually not eaten raw, but is soaked and boiled to make jam, jelly and beverages and (5) p atauá, which is soaked before it is eaten to soften the pulp.

### Page **9** 

### Palm commodities are proposed to be classified in a separate subgroup based on botanical similarity of trees of the family Arecaceae (alt. Palmae). Generally, trees within the palm family

contain a tall, unbranched stem that can reach 80 meters in height, a rosette of leathery, evergreen palmate (fan

- like) to pinnate (feather

- like) spirally arranged le aves that measure several meters long , spike or branched inflorescences, and berry or drupe fruit. In most palms, fruit is produced in clusters that hang f rom the tree. Because fruit is produced in clusters that are partially exposed to the elements and fruit is located considerably higher on palm trees than other tropical and sub

-tropical fruits, similar use patterns of pesticide applications are expected to occur and similar residue patterns can be expected within the palm group. Some proposed tropical fruits with an edible peel (abrico

- da

-praia, bacupari, bacupari

- do

- campo, cambuci, curriola, guabiju, jacaratia, jua, mama

- cadela, marmelada, per- do

- cerrado, Puerto Rican guava and sorva) were rejected from consideration from the crop group either because there was not enough information available to properly classify them into crop groups and subgroups or they are rarely cultivated. Table 1 (Tolerances established on Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel, pages 18

-21 of this volume) 

### shows the existing US, Codex and EU tolerances for Tropical and Sub

-tropical fruits with an edible peel. The majority of these tolerances are US tolerances and it should be noted that over half of the US tolerances are tolerances for those commodities which are include d in the edible peel crop definition as follows : **General commodity**  **Specific Commodities Included in Definition**  **Comments**

Guava guava, feijoa, jaboticaba, wax

jambu, starfruit, passionfruit, acerola Primarily edible peel; note/peel rarely contaminate s Passiflora spp. during juicing 

### Table 2 (Tropical and Subtropical Fruit, Edible Peel Production in 2008, page 22 of this volume) 

### shows the production (2008) of Tropical and Sub

-tropical fruits, edible peel from the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) website. Note the proposed representative crops for the new US Tropical and Sub

-tropical, edible peel crop group are among those tropical fruits that are reported by the FAO. Table 3 ( Crop Group Comparisons

– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel 

### , pages 23

- 30 of this volume) shows a comparison of the classification of tropical fruits from the Codex Classification with both the proposed US grouping and the EU crop regulation. Most of the proposed additions to the Codex Classification have been included in the US proposed new crop group. The new Tropical and Sub

- Tropical fruits , edible peel crop group consists of a diverse group of plants from many plant families. Within this group, f ruit size of tropical and sub

-tropical fruits with edible peels range from a diameter of 0.2 inches (fruit of chirauli

-nut, Buchanania latifolia Roxb. ) to 8 inches (babaco, Vasconcellea x heilbornii

### Page **10** 

### (V. M. Badillo) V. M. Badillo ). In addition to size, the texture of tropical and sub

tropical f ruit also varies from a thin smooth peel to a peel with fine hairs or pubescence. Many publications have documented the relationship between surface area and mass of a commodity

(Maclachlan, D.J. and D. Hamilton, 2010; Ripley, B.D., G.M. Ritcey, R. Harris, M.A. Denomme, L. Lissemore, 2003; Matsumura, F., G.M. Boush, T. Misato, eds., 1972; Schneider, B., 2002). In general, the smaller the object, the larger the ratio of surface area to weight becomes. For example , pesticide deposits on grapes can be expected to be about 3X the pesticide deposit on apples due to the higher surface area per unit weight (Bates, 1990). Chili peppers are also often cited as an example. Because of their size, they normally have a higher residue than sweet peppers (with the same GAP) and are likely to drive a tolerance or MRLfor peppers. There is also indication that surface area/mass ratio plays a more important role on pesticide deposits than pubescence/serration present on surfaces (Sundaram, 1991). To classify

Tropic al and Sub

- Tropical fruits into groups (edible versus inedible peel) and subgroups, Excel spreadsheets (see Attachment 1) were developed to be able to sort commodities with common characteristics . These spreadsheets include information regarding the common name, scientific name, taxonomic family name, production in the US, fruit shape, maximum radius (cm) and maximum height (cm) from the literature , calculated volume, calculated surface area, surface area to mass (volume) ratio, texture description and peel texture (see Attachment 1). These spreadsheets allowed the sorting of commodities into small versus medium to large fruit and also smooth peel versus a rough or hairy

peel. Fruit that were described in the literature as small fruit generally had a surface area/mass (volume) ratio of >1.5:1; so this criteria was used to separate small versus medium to large fruit (surface area/mass (volume) ratio of ≤1.5:1). S ince s orting the spreadsheets into both fruit size (surface area/mass (volume) ratio) and also peel texture resulted in subgroups that could not be supported by an appropriate representative commodity (l ack of production in the US), this scheme was rejected (see page 12) . Sorting into fruit size (small versus medium to large fruit) based on the surface area to mass (volume) ratio, with the addition of a palm subgroup resulted in the proposed crop grouping scheme (see page 13)

. Based on above background and the input from the International Crop Grouping Consulting Committee (ICGCC), IR
-4 and the IC GCC propose that the Tropical and Sub

tropical Fruits, Edible Peel be established as a new crop group. Three subgroups are proposed: (1) Subgroup 21A. Tropical and Sub

- Tropical, Small Fruits, Edible Peel; (2) Subgroup 21B. Tropical and Sub

- Tropical, Medium to Large Fruits, Edible Peel Subgroup and (3) Subgroup 21C. Tropical and Sub

- Tropical Palm Fruits, Edible Peel Subgroup.

### Page **11** 

### Selection of representative commodities should be based on a representative commodity

that is most likely

to (1) contain the hi ghest residues; (2) be major in terms of production and/or consumption and (3) similar in morphology, growth habit, pest problems and edible portion to the related commodities within a group or subgroup. Based on these criteria, one representative commodity is proposed (olive) for Subgroup 21A; two representative commodities (fig and guava) are proposed for Subgroup 21B and one representative commodity (date) is proposed for Subgroup 21C. A crop group regulation would benefit growers and consumers, save c onsiderable taxpayer’s money on residue studies, save time for government agencies on review of residue data and facilitate the establishment of import tolerances.

**PROPOSED SUBGROUPS AND REPRESENTATIVE CROPS**  **Proposed US Subgroups and Representative Cr ops**  **for the Tropical and Sub**  ****

**tropical fruits, Edible Peel Crop Group :**  **Subgroup 21A. Tropical and Sub** **- Tropical, Small Fruits, Edible Peel Subgroup** 

Proposed Representative Crop : **Olive Subgroup 21B.**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical, Medium to Large Fruits, Edib le Peel** 

**Subgroup** Proposed Representative Crops : **Fig and Guava Subgroup 21C.**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Palm Fruits, Edible Peel Subgroup**

Proposed Representative Crop : **Date**

### Page **12** 

## Rejected Crop Subgroups **: Crop Group /**  **Subgroup Proposed** 

**Rep. Commodities**  **Proposed Commodities Tropical and Sub** **** **Tropical ,**  **Small Fruit, Smooth Peel**  **Subgroup** Olive Açaí; Acerola; African plum; Agritos; Almondette; Bacaba palm; Bacaba

- de

-leque; Bignay; Carandas

-plum; Ceylon iron wood; Ceylon olive; Cherry

- of

-the

-Rio

- Grande; Chinese olive, black; Chinese olive, white; Chirauli

-nut; Cocoplum; Date; False sandalwood; Fragant Manjack; Gooseberry, Otaheite; Governor’s plum; Grumichama; Guabiroba; Guava berry; Illawarra plum; Indian

-plum; Jamaica

- cherry; Jambo lan; Jelly palm; Jujube, Chinese; Kaffir

-plum; Kakadu plum; Karnada; Lemon aspen; Mombin, yellow; Monos plum; Mountain cherry; Olive; Persimmon, Black; Pitomba ; Plum

- of

-Martinique; Rukam; Rumberry; Silver aspen; Water apple; Water pear; Water berry; Wax jambu **Tropical and Sub****** **Tropical ,**  **Small Fruit, Rough or**  **Hairy Peel Subgroup**  **? ?**  **?** Apak palm; Appleberry; Arbutus berry; Bayberry, Red; Breadnut; Cabeluda; Desert
- date; Gooseberry, Abyssinian; Gooseberry, Ceylon; Kapundung; Sea grape; Sete

- capotes;
**Tropical and Sub****** **Tropical ,**  **Medium****** **Large Fruit, Smooth Peel Subgroup**  Fig and Guava Am

barella; Arazá; Babaco; Bilimbi; Cajou (fruit); Cambucá ; Cashew (pseudofruit); Ciruela verde; Davidson’s plum; Doum palm coconut; Feijoa; Fi g; Gooseberry, Indian Guava ; Guava, Cattley ; Guava, Para; Guava, purple strawberry ; Guava, strawberry; Guava, yellow strawberry ; Imbé; Imbu; Jaboticaba; Jujube, Indian; Mangaba; Marian plum; Mombin, Malayan; Mombin, purple; Nance; Natal plum; Papaya Mountain; Patauá; Peach palm; Persimmon, Japanese; Pomerac; Rose apple; Starfruit; Surinam cherry; Uvalha **Tropical and Sub****** **Tropical ,**  **Medium****** **Large Fruit, Rough or Hairy Peel**  **Subgroup ???**  Carob; Kwai muk; Monkeyfruit; Noni; Rambai; Sentul; Tamarind



### Small fruit = SA:M of >1.5:1. Medium to Large Fruit = SA:M of ≤ 1.5:1.

### Page **13** 

## Proposed Crop Subgroups **: Crop Group /**  **Subgroup Proposed** 

**Rep. Commodities**  **Proposed Commodities 21A.**  **Tropical and Sub**  **- Tropical,**  **Small Fruits, Edible Peel**  **Subgroup Olive**  Acerola; African plum; Agritos; Almondette; Appleberry; Arbutus berry; Bayberry, Red; Bignay; Breadnut; Cabeluda; Carandas

-plum; Ceylon iron wood; Ceylon olive; Cherry

- of

-the

-Rio

- Grande; Chinese olive, black; Chinese olive, white; Chirauli

-nut; Cocoplum; Desert
- date; False sandalwood; Fragant Manjack; Gooseberry, Abyssinian; Gooseberry, Ceylon; Gooseberry, Otaheite; Governor’s plum; Grumichama; Guabiroba; Guava berry; Illawarra plum; Indian

-plum ; Jamaica

- cherry; Jambolan; Jujube, Chinese; Kaffir

-plum; Kakadu plum; Kapundung; Karnada; Lemon aspen; Mombin, yellow; Monos plum; Mountain cherry; Olive; Persimmon, Black; Pitomba; Plum

- of

Martinique; Rukam; Rumberry; Sea grape; Sete

- capotes; Silver aspen; Water apple; Water pear; Water berry; Wax jambu **21B. Tropical and**  **Sub -**  **Tropical, Medium to Large**  **Fruits, Edible Peel Subgroup**  **Fig and**

**Guava** Am

barella; Arazá; Babaco; Bilimbi; Cajou (fruit); Cambucá; Carob; Cashew (pseudofruit); Cir uela verde; Davidson’s plum; Feijo a; Fig; Gooseberry, Indian; Guava; Guava, Cattley, Guava, Para; Guava, purple strawberry; Guava, strawberry; Guava, yellow strawberry; Imbé; Imbu; Jaboticaba; Ju jube, Indian; Kwai muk; Mangaba; Marian plum; Mombin, Malayan; Mombin, purple; Monkeyfruit; Nance; Natal plum; Noni; Papaya, Mountain; Persimmon, Japanese; Pomerac; Rambai; Rose apple; Sentul; Starfruit; Surinam cherry; Tamarind; Uvalha **21C. Tropical and**  **Sub -**  **Tropical Palm Fruits, Edible Peel**  **Subgr oup**  **Date** Açaí; Apak palm; Bacaba palm; Bacaba

- de

-leque; Date; Doum palm coconut; Jelly palm; Patauá; Peach Palm



### Small fruit = Surface Area:Mass ratio of >1.5:1. Medium to Large Fruit = Surface Area:Mass ratio of ≤ 1.5:1.

### Page **14 CROP DEFINITION**  **S** 

### The current crop definition for tropical and sub

-tropical fruit with edible peel is proposed to be removed because the commodities will be included in crop subgroups. **General commodity**  **Specific Commodities Included in Definition**  **Comments**

Guava guava, feijo a, jaboticaba, wax

jambu, starfruit, passionfruit, acerola Primarily edible peel; note/peel rarely contaminates Passiflora spp. during juicing 

### However, one crop definition is proposed for guava that includes many of the closely related species and varieties. The following is a proposed crop definition for Tropical and Subtropical Fruit, Edible Peel:

A B Guava (Psidium guajava L. ) Guava, Para (Psidium acutangulum DC.); Guava, Brazilian (Psidium

guineense Sw.); Guava, cattley (Psidium cattleianum S abine ); Guava, Costa Rican (Psidium friedrichsthalianum (O. Berg) Nied.); Guava, purple strawberry (Psidium cattleianum Sabine var. cattleianum); Guava, strawberry (Psidium cattleianum Sabine var. littorale (Raddi) Fosberg); Guava, yellow strawberry; (Psidium cattleianum Sabine var. cattleianum forma lucidum O. Deg.); Guayabillo (Psidium sartorianum (O. Berg) Nied.)

### Page **15 SUGGESTED INTERIM TOLERANCE EXPRESSION**  **S** Until the new crop group is published in 40 CFR, the author suggests that the Minor Use Branch of the Registration Division and the ChemSAC, EPA/OPP approve the proposed crop group and establish following interim tolerance expressions to be used in tolerance petitions: Tolerance expression for Tropical and Subtropical Fruit, Edible Peel Crop Grou p : Açaí Acerola African plum Agritos Almondette Am barella Apak palm Appleberry Arazá Arbutus Berry Babaco Bacaba palm Bacaba

- de

-leque Bayberry, Red Bignay Bilimbi Breadnut Cabeluda Caj ou (pseudofruit) Cambucá Carandas

-plum Carob Cashew (pseudofruit) Ceylon iron wood Ceylon olive Cherry

- of

-the

-Rio

- Grande Chinese olive, black Chinese olive, white Chirauli

-nut Ciruela verde Cocoplum Date Davidson's plum Desert
- date Doum palm coconut False sandalwood

### Page **16** Feijoa Fig Fragrant Manjack Gooseberry, Abyssinian Gooseberry, Ceylon Gooseberry, Indian Gooseberry, Otaheite Governor's plum Grumichama Guabiroba Guava Guava berry Guava, Brazilian Guava, C attley Guava, Costa Rican Guava, Para Guava, purple strawberry Guava, strawberry Guava, yellow strawberry Guayabillo Il lawarra plum Imbé Imbu Indian

-plum Jaboticaba Jamaica

- cherry Jambolan Jelly palm Ju jube, Chinese Ju jube, Indian Kaffir

-plum Kakadu plum Kapundung Karanda Kwai muk Lemon aspen Mangaba Marian plum Mombin, Malayan Mombin, purple Mombin, yellow Monkeyfruit Monos plum Mountain cherry

### Page **17** Nance Natal plum Noni Olive Papaya, Mountain Patauá Peach Palm Persimmon, black Persimmon, Japanese Pitomba Plum

- of

-Martinique Pomerac Rambai Rose apple Rukam Rumberry Sea grape Sentul Sete

- capotes Silver aspen Starfruit Surinam cherry Tamarind Uvalha Water apple Water pear Water berry Wax jambu The above proposed interim tolerance expressions would facilitate tolerance establishment of crop protection products in or on Tropical and Sub

-tropical fruits, Edible Peel without requiring additional residue data for all the commodities proposed in the crop group.

### Page **18 Table 1. Tolerances established on Tropical**  **and Subtropical Fruits**  **, E dible Peel**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8 , 20 10 ) 

### Commodity **Compound US**  **(ppm) Code** **x (ppm)**  **EU (ppm)**  Acerola Azoxystrobin 2

-- -- Acerola Bifenazate 0.9

-- -- Acerola Buprofezin 0.3

-- -- Acerola Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Acerola Chlorantraniliprole 2

-- -- Acerola Gly

phosate 0.2

-- -- Acerola Imidacloprid 1

-- -- Acerola Methoxyfenozide 0.4

-- -- Acerola Paraquat dichloride 0.05

-- -- Acerola Py

riproxyf en 0.1

-- -- Acerola Spinetoram 0.3

-- -- Acerola Spinosad 1.5

-- -- Date Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Date Gly

phosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Date Hexythiazox 1 2 0.5 Date Malathion 8

-- 0.02 Date Oxyfluorfen 0.05

-- 0.05 Date Phosphine 0.1

-- 0.05 Date Py

riproxyf en 0.3

-- 0.05 Date Spinetoram 0.1

-- 0.05 Date Spinosad 0.1

-- 0.02 Feijoa Azoxystrobin 2

-- -- Feijoa Bifenazate 0.9

-- -- Feijoa Buprofezin 0.3

-- -- Feijoa Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Feijoa Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- -- Feijoa Gly

phosate 0.2

-- -- Feijoa Imidacloprid 1

-- -- Feijoa M ethoxyfenozide 0.4

-- -- Feijoa Oxyfluorfen 0.05

-- -- Feijoa Py

riproxyf en 0.1

-- -- Feijoa Spinetoram 0.3

-- -- Feijoa Spinosad 0.05

-- --

### Page **19 Table 1. Tolerances established on Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) 

### Commodity **Compound US**  **(ppm) Codex**  **(ppm) EU (ppm)**  Fig Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Fig Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Fig Chlorpy rifos 0.01

-- 0.05 Fig Clothianidin 0.05

-- 0.02 Fig d

-Phenothrin 0.01

-- 0.05 Fig Diazinon 0.5

-- 0.01 Fig Gly

phosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Fig Malathion 8

-- 0.02 Fig Maneb 7
-- 0.05 Fig Ory

zalin 0.05

-- 0.01 Fig Oxyfluorfen 0.05

-- 0.05 Fig Paraquat dichloride 0.05

-- 0.02 Fig Piperonyl Butoxide 8

-- -- Fig Propylene chlorohydrin 3

-- -- Fig Propylene oxide 3

-- -- Fig Py

rethrins 1

-- 1 Fig Py

riproxyf en 0.3

-- 0.05 Fig Spinetoram 0.1

- - 0.05 Fig Spinosad 0.1

-- 0.02 Guava Atrazine 0.05

-- 0.05 Guava Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.05 Guava Bifenazate 0.9

-- 0.01 Guava Buprofezin 0.3

-- 0.05 Guava Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Guava Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Guava Gly

phosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Guava Imidacloprid 1

-- 0.05 Guava Malathion 8

-- 0.02 Guava Methoxyf enozide 0.4

-- 0.02 Guava Paraquat dichloride 0.05 0.01 0.02 Guava Piperonyl butoxide 8

-- -- Guava Py

rethrins 1

-- 1 Guava Py

riproxyf en 0.1

-- 0.05 Guava Spinetoram 0.3

-- 0.05 Guava Spinosad 0.3

-- 0.02

### Page **20 Table 1. Tolerances established on Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) 

### Commodity **Compound US**  **(ppm) Codex**  **(ppm) EU (ppm)**  Jaboticaba Azoxystrobin 2

-- -- Jaboticaba Bifenazate 0.9

-- -- Jaboticaba Buprofezin 0.3

-- -- Jaboticaba Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Jaboticaba Chlorantraniliprole 2

-- -- Jaboticaba Gly

phosate 0.2

-- -- Jaboticaba Imidacloprid 1

-- -- Jaboticaba Methoxyf enozide 0.4

-- -- Jaboticaba Py

riproxyf en 0.1

-- -- Jaboticaba Spinetoram 0.3

-- -- Jaboticaba Spinosad 0.3

-- -- Olive 1

-Naphthaleneacetamide 0.7

-- 0.05 Olive 1

-Naphthaleneacetic acid 0.7

-- 0.05 Olive Buprofezin 3.5 5 2 Olive Carbaryl 10 30 5 Olive Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Olive Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Olive Diuron 1

-- 0.2 Olive Fenpropathrin 5
-- 0.01 Olive Gly

phosate 0.2

-- 1 Olive Methidathion 0.05 1 1 Olive Ory

zalin 0.05

-- 0.01 Olive Oxyfluorfen 0.05

-- 1 Olive Paraquat dichloride 0.05 0.1 0.02 Olive Pendimethalin 0.1

-- 0.05 Olive Py

riproxyf en 1

-- 0.05 Olive Simazine 0.2

-- 0.1 Persimmon Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.05 Persimmon Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- 0.01 Persimmon Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- 0.01 Persimmon Clofentezine 0.05

-- 0.02 Persimmon d

-Phenothrin 0.01

-- 0.05 Persimmon Gly

phosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Persimmon Imidacloprid 3

-- 0.05 Persimmon Napropamide 0.1

-- 0.05 Persimmon Oxyfluorfen 0.05

-- 0.05 Persimmon Paraquat dichloride 0.05

-- 0.02 Persimmon Phosphine 0 .01

-- 0.05

### Page **21 Table 1. Tolerances established on Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  (FASonline: mrldatabase.com; tolerances as of September 8, 2010) 

### Commodity **Compound US**  **(ppm) Codex**  **(ppm) EU (ppm)**  Starfruit Azoxystrobin 2

- - -- Starfruit Bifenazate 0.9

-- -- Starfruit Buprofezin 0.3

-- -- Starfruit Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Starfruit Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- -- Starfruit Chlorothalonil 3

-- -- Starfruit Gly

phosate 0.2

-- -- Starfruit Imidacloprid 1

-- -- Starfruit Mefenoxam 0.2

-- -- Starfruit Methoxyf enozide 0.4

-- -- Starfruit Py

riproxyf en 0.1

-- -- Starfruit Spinetoram 0.3

-- -- Starfruit Spinosad 0.3

-- -- Surinam Cherry Gly

phosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Tamarind Azoxystrobin 2

-- 0.1 Tamarind Gly

phosate 0.2

-- 0.1 Wax Jambu Azoxystrobin 2

-- -- Wax Jambu Bifenazate 0.9

-- -- Wax Jambu Buprofezin 0.3

-- -- Wax Jambu Carfentrazone

- ethyl 0.1

-- -- Wax Jambu Chlorantraniliprole 4

-- -- Wax Jambu Gly

phosate 0.2

-- -- Wax Jambu Imidacloprid 1

-- -- Wax Jambu Methoxyfenozide 0.4

-- -- Wax Jambu Py

riproxyf en 0.1

-- -- Wax Jambu Spinetoram 0.3

-- -- Wax Jambu Spinosad 0.3

-- --

### Page **22 Table 2.**  **Tropical and Subtropical**  **Fruit ,**  **Edible Peel Production in 200**  **8** (FAO STAT: http://faostat.fao.org/site/566/default.aspx , results as of September 7 , 20 10 )
**Countries/ Regions**  **Carob Cashewapple**  **(cashew (fruit)) Date**  **Fig** Mangoes, Mangosteens and **Guavas Olive**  **Persimmon Australia**  No data

No data No data

No data No data

No data 30 ha

85 tonnes 9500 ha

57947 tonnes 10,500 ha

57,123 tonnes 82 ha

715 tonnes **New Zealand**  No data

No data No data

No data No data

No data No data

No data No data

No data No data

No data 180 ha

3,000 tonnes **United States**  No data

No data No data

No data 2,064 ha

17,146 tonnes 3,804 ha

39,281 tonnes 675 ha

2950 tonnes 12,141 ha

60,600 tonnes No data

No data **Africa** 13,371 ha

29,216 tonnes 71,000 ha

191,000 tonnes 414 , 108 ha

2,634,247 tonnes 186 , 717 ha

490,477 tonnes 603968 ha

3395045 tonnes 3,940,207 ha

2 , 862 , 518 tonnes No data

No data **North America**  No data

No data No data

No data 2,064 ha

17,146 tonnes 3,804 ha

39,281 tonnes 675 ha

2950 tonnes 12,141 ha

60,600 tonnes No data

No data **Central America**  56 ha

28 tonnes No data

No data 596 ha

2, 788 tonnes 1,084 ha

6,123 tonnes 214195 ha

2128243 tonnes 9,112 ha

19,436 tonnes 45 ha

442 tonnes **South America**  No data

No data 610,001 ha

1,660,005 tonnes 82 ha

446 tonnes 4,055 ha

29,865 tonnes 141692 ha

1908411 tonnes 79,371 ha

238,601 tonnes 8,797 ha

173,297 tonnes **Asia** 5,879 ha

21,616 tonnes No data

No data 826,301 ha

4,441,347 tonnes 130,694 ha

405,550 tonnes 3651624 ha

26543548 tonnes 1,598,893 ha

2,670,784 tonnes 752,131 ha

3,441,058 tonnes **Europe** 69478 ha

126 , 224 tonnes No data

No data 4 , 037 ha

14 , 000 tonnes 120622 ha

105 , 559 tonnes No data

No data 4 , 899 , 749 ha

11 , 749 , 599 tonnes 2 , 732 ha

50 , 441 tonnes **World Total**  88,784 ha

177,084 tonnes 681,001 ha

1,851,005 tonnes 1,247,188 ha

7,109,974 tonnes 447,006 ha

1,076,940 tonnes 4723906 ha

34889014 tonnes 10,549,973 ha

17,658,661 tonnes 763,967 ha

3,668,953 tonnes 

### Note: This table reports only the **tropical fruits (edible peel) available**  **on the FAO website.**

### Page **23 Table 3**  **. Crop Group Comparison**  **s –**  **Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel**  CODEX Crop Group 005 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– edible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed**  **US EU Crop List or Regulation** 

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Bo**  **tanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e** 1 Not Listed

-- Açaí Euterpe oleracea Mart. Not Listed

-- 2 Acerola, FT 4095, see Barbados cherry (FT 0287) -- Acerola Malpighia emarginata DC. Not Listed

--
3 Not Listed

-- African plum Vitex doniana Sweet Not Listed

-- 4 Not Listed

-- Agritos Berberis trifoliolata Moric. Not Listed

-- 5 Not Listed

-- Almondette Buchanania lanzan Spreng. Not Listed

-- 6 Ambarella , FT0285 Spondias cytherea Sonn. Ambarella Spondias dulcis Sol. ex Parkinson Not Listed

-- 7 Not Listed

-- Apak palm Brahea dulcis (Kunth) Mart. Not Listed

-- 8 Not Listed

-- Appleberry Billardiera scandens Sm

. Not Listed

-- 9 Not Listed

-- Arazá Eugenia stipitata McVaugh Not Listed

-- 10 Arbutus berry, FT 0286 Arbutus unedo L. Arbutus Berry Arbutus unedo L. Not Listed

-- 11 Not Listed

-- Babaco Vasconcellea x heilbornii (V. M. Badillo) V. M. Badillo Not Listed

--
12 Not Listed

-- Bacaba palm Oenocarpus bacaba Mart. Not Listed

-- 13 Not Listed

-- Bacaba

- de

- leque Oenocarpus distichus Mart. Not Listed

-- 14 Not Listed

-- Bayberry, Red Morella rubra Lour., Not Listed

-- 15 Not Listed

-- Bignay Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng. Not Listed

--

### Page **24 Table 3. Crop Group Comparisons** 

**– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 005 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– edible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Bo**  **tanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e** 16 Bilimbi, FT 0288 Averrhoa bilimbi L. Bilimbi Averrhoa bilimbi L. Bilimbi included in the Carambola (Starfruit) definition --
17 Not Listed

-- Breadnut Brosimum alicastrum Sw. Not Listed

-- 18 Not Listed

-- Cabeluda Plinia glomerata (O. Berg) Amshoff Not Listed

-- 19 Not Listed

-- Cajou (pseudofruit) Anacardium giganteum Hance ex Engl. Not Listed

-- 20 Not Listed

-- Cambucá Marlierea edulis Nied. Not Listed

-- 21 Not Listed

-- Carandas

-plum Carissa eduli s Vahl Not Listed

-- 22 Carob, FT 0291 Ceratonia siliqua L. Carob Ceratonia siliqua L. Not Listed

-- 23 Cashew apple, FT 0292 Anacardium occidentale L. Cashew (pseudofruit) (pseudofruit) Anacardium occidentale L. Not Listed

--
24 Not Listed

-- Ceylon iron wood Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard Not Listed

-- 25 Not Listed

-- Ceylon olive Elaeocarpus serratus L. Not Listed

-- 26 Not Listed

-- Cherry

- of

-the

- Rio

Grande Eugenia aggregata (Vell.)

Kiaersk. Not Listed

-- 27 Chinese olive, black, white, FT 029 3 Canarium pimela Koenig Chinese olive, black Canarium tramdenum C. D. Dai& Yakovlev Not Listed

-- 28 Chinese olive, black, white, FT 0293 Canarium pimela Koenig Chinese olive, white Canarium album (Lour.) Raeusch. Not Listed

-- 29 Not Listed

-- Chirauli

-nut Buchanania latifolia Roxb. Not Listed

-- 30 Not Listed

-- Ciruela verde Bunchosia armeniaca (Cav.) DC. Not Listed

--

### Page **25 Table 3. Crop Group Comparisons** 

**– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 005 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– edible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  31 Cocoplum, FT 0294 Chrysobalanus icaco L. Cocoplum Chrysobalanus icaco L. Not Listed

-- 32 Date , FT 0295 Phoenix dactylifera L. Date Phoenix dactylifera L. Date s, Code number 0161010 Phoenix dactylifera 33 Not Listed

-- Davidson's plum Davidsonia pruriens F. Muell. Not Listed

-- 34 Desert
- date , FT 0296 Balanites aegyptiacus (L.) Delile Desert
- date Balanites aegyptiacus (L.) Delile Not Listed

-- 35 Not Listed

-- Doum palm coconut Hyphaene thebaica (L.) Mart. Not Listed

-- 36 Not Listed

-- False sandalwood Ximenia americana L. Not Listed

-- 37 Not Listed

-- Feijoa Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret Not Listed

-- 38 Fig , FT 0297 Ficus carica L Fig Ficus carica L Fig s, Code number 0161020 Ficus carica 39 Not Listed

-- Fragrant Manjack Cordia dichotoma G. Forst. Not Listed

-- 40 Not Listed

-- Gooseberry, Ab yssinian Dovyalis abyssinica (A.

Rich.) Warb. Not Listed

-- 41 Not Listed

-- Gooseberry, Ceylon Dovyalis hebecarpa (Gardner) Warb. Not Listed

-- 42 Not Listed

-- Gooseberry, Indian Phyllanthus emblica L. Not Listed

-- 43 Otaheite Gooseberry, FT 0306 Phyllanthusdistichus (L.) Muell. Arg. Gooseberry, Otaheite Phyllanthus acidus (L.)

Skeels Not Listed

-- 44 Not Listed

-- Governor's plum Flacourtia indica (Burm. F.) Merr. Not Listed

- - 45 Grumichama , FT 0298 Eugenia brasiliensis Lam Grumichama Eugenia brasiliensis Lam Grumichama included in the Jambolan definition --

### Page **26 Table 3. Crop Group Comparisons** 

**– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 005 , As sorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– edible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  46 Not Listed

-- Guabiroba Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg Not Listed

-- 47 Not Listed

-- Guava Psidium guajava L. Not Listed

-- 48 Not Listed

-- Guava berry Myrciaria floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg Not Listed

- - 49 Not Listed

-- Guava, Brazilian Psidium guineense Sw

. Not Listed

-- 50 Not Listed

-- Guava, cattley Psidium cattleianum Sabine Not Listed

-- 51 Not Listed

-- Guava, Costa Rican Psidium friedrichsthalianum (O. Berg) Nied. Not Listed

-- 52 Not Listed

-- Guava, Para Psidium cattleianum Sabine var. cattleianum Not Listed

-- 53 Not Listed

-- Guava, purple straw berry Psidium cattleianum Sabine

var. cattleianum Not Listed

-- 54 Not Listed

-- Guava, straw berry Psidium cattleianum Sabine

var. littorale (Raddi) Fosberg Not Listed

--
55 Not Listed

-- Guava, yellow straw berry Psidium cattleianum Sabine

var. cattleianum forma lucidum O. Deg. Not Listed

--
56 Not Listed

-- Guayabillo Psidium sartorianum (O. Berg) Nied. Not Listed

-- 57 Not Listed

-- Illawarra plum Podocarpus elatus R. Br. Ex Endl. Not Listed

-- 58 Not Listed

-- Im bé Garcinia livingstonei T.

Anderson Not Listed

-- 59 Not Listed

-- Im bu Spondias tuberosa Arruda

ex Kost. Not Listed

-- 60 Not Listed

-- Indian

-plum Flacourtia jangomas Not Listed

--

### Page **27 Table 3. Crop Group Comparisons** 

**– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 005 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– edible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  61 Jaboticaba , FT 0300 Myrciaria cauliflora Berg Jaboticaba Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg Not Listed

-- 62 Not Listed

-- Jamaica

- cherry Muntingia calabura L. Not Listed

-- 63 Not Listed

-- Jambolan Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Jambolan, Code number 0161070 Syzygium cumini 64 Not Listed

-- Jelly palm Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. Not Listed

-- 6 5 Jujube, Chinese , FT 0302 Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Jujube, Chinese Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Not Listed

-- 66 Jujube, Indian, FT 0301 Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Jujube, Indian Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Not Listed

-- 67 Not Listed

-- Kaffir

-plum Harpephyllum caf frum Bernh. Ex C. Krauss Not Listed

-- 68 Not Listed

-- Kakadu plum Terminalia latipes Benth. Subsp. psilocarpa Pedley Not Listed

-- 69 Not Listed

-- Kapundung Baccaurea racemosa (Reinw.) Mull. Arg. Not Listed

-- 70 Caranda, FT 0290 Carissa carandas L. Karanda Carissa carandas L. Not Listed

-- 71 Not Listed

-- Kwai muk Artocarpus hypargyreus Hance ex Benth. Not Listed

-- 72 Not Listed

-- Lemon aspen Acronychia acidula Not Listed

-- 73 Not Listed

-- Mangaba Hancornia speciosa Gomes Not Listed

-- 74 Not Listed

-- Marian plum Bouea macrophylla Griff. Not Listed

-- 75 Not Listed

-- Mom bin, Malayan Spondias pinnata (J. Koenig

ex L. f.) Kurz Not Listed

--

### Page **28 Table 3. Crop Group Comparisons** 

**– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 005 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– edible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  76 Not Listed

-- Mom bin, purple Spondias purpurea L. Not Listed

-- 77 Hog plum, FT 0299 Spondias mombin L. Mom bin, yellow Spondias mombin L. Not Listed

-- 78 Not Listed

-- Monkeyfruit Artocarpus lacucha Buch.

- Ham
. Not Listed

-- 79 Not Listed

-- Monos plum Pseudanamomis umbellulifera (Kunth) Kausel Not Listed

--
80 Not Listed

-- Mountain cherry Bunchosia cornifolia Kunth Not Listed

-- 81 Not Listed

-- Nance Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth Not Listed

-- 82 Natal plum, FT 0304 Carissa grandiflora A.DC Natal plum Carissa macrocarpa (Eckl.) A.DC Not Listed

-- 83 Not Listed

-- Noni Morinda citrifolia L. Not Listed

-- 84 Olive , FT 0305 Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea Olive Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea Table olives , Code number 0161030 Olea europaea 85 Not Listed

-- Papaya, Mountain Vasconcellea pubescens A. DC. Not Listed

-- 86 Not Listed

-- Patauá Oenocarpus bataua Mart. Not Listed

-- 87 Not Listed

-- Peach Palm (fruit) Bactris gasipaes Kunth var. gasipaes Not Listed

-- 88 Not Listed

-- Persimmon, black Diospyros texana Scheele Not Listed

-- 89 Persimmon, Japanese , FT 0307 Diospyros kaki Thunb. Persimmon, Japanese Diospyros kaki Thunb. Persimmon, Code number 0161060 Diospyros kaki 90 Not Listed

- - Pitomba Eugenia luschnathiana Klotzsch ex O. Berg Not Listed

--

### Page **29 Table 3. Crop Group Comparisons** 

**– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 005 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– edible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  91 Not Listed

-- Plum

- of

-Martinique F

lacourtia inermis Not Listed

-- 92 Pomerac , FT 0308 Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry Pomerac Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry Pomerac included in the Jambolan definition -- 93 Not Listed

-- Rambai Baccaurea motleyana (Mull. Arg.) Mull. Arg. Not Listed

-- 94 Rose apple , FT 0309 Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston Rose apple Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston Rose apple included in the Jambolan definition -- 95 Not Listed

-- Rukam Flacourtia rukam Not Listed

-- 96 Not Listed

-- Rumberry Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) Mc Vaugh Not Listed

-- 97 Sea grape , FT 0310 Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L. Sea grape Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L. Not Listed

-- 98 Not Listed

-- Sentul Sandoricum koetjape (Burm . F.) Merr. Not Listed

-- 99 Not Listed

-- Sete

- capotes Campomanesia guazumifolia (Cambess.) O. Berg Not Listed

--
100 Not Listed

-- Silver aspen Acronychia wilcoxiana Not Listed

-- 101 Carambola Averrhoa carambola L. Starfruit Averrhoa carambola L. Carambola, Code number 0161050 Averrhoa carambola 102 Surinam cherry, FT 0311 Eugenia uniflora L. Surinam cherry Eugenia uniflora L. Surinam cherry included in the Jambolan definition --
103 Not Listed

-- Tamarind Tamarindus indica L. Not Listed

-- 104 Not Listed

-- Uvalha Eugenia pyriformis Not Listed

-- 105 Not Listed

-- Water apple Syzygium aqueum (Burm. F.) Alston Water apple included in the Jambolan definition --

### Page **30 Table 3. Crop Group Comparisons** 

**– Tropical and Subtropical Fruits, Edible Peel (continued)**  CODEX Crop Group 005 , Assorted tropical and sub

-tropical fruits

– edible peel; proposed new US Crop Group and EU Crop List of Regulation 2 (1) (iv)
**Row #**  **Codex Proposed US**  **EU Crop List or Regulation**

**Comm odity Nam** **e and Code**  **Botanical Nam e**  **Comm odity Nam** **e Botanical Nam** **e Comm** **odity Nam e**  **Botanical Nam e**  106 Not Listed

-- Water pear Syzygium guineense Not Listed

-- 107 Not Listed

-- Water berry Syzygium cordatum Not Listed

-- 108 Not Listed

-- Wax jambu Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M. Perry Not Listed

--

### Page **31** ATTACHMENT 1

. EXCEL SPREADSHEETS FOR SORTING SUBGROUPS

### Page **32** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Text**  **ure** Açaí Euterpe

oleracea Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae No data sphere 1 4 13 3.0 smooth with thin oily coating Smooth
Acerola Malpighia

emarginata DC. Malpighiaceae Puerto Rico, Hawaii and Florida sphere 1.75 22 38 1.7 thin glossy skin Smooth
Africa n plum Vitex doniana

Sweet Lamiaceae (alt.

Labiatae) (also placed in Verbenaceae) No data sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 smooth and shiny Smooth
Agritos Berberis

trifoliolata Moric
. Berberidaceae New Mexico, Texas, Arizona sphere 0.6 1 5 5.0 subglobose to globo se bright red berry, smooth skin Smooth
Almondette Buchanania

lanzan Spreng. Anacardiaceae No data sphere 0.75 2 7 4.0 hard, grey to black drupe Smooth

Ambarella Spondias dulcis

Sol. ex Parkinson Anacardiaceae Home gardens; Hawaii, Florida, Puerto Ric o cylinder 4 10 502 352 0.7 skin is thick, tough and russetted Smooth

Apak palm Brahea dulcis

(Kunth) Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) Texas, Arizona, California cylinder 0.75 2 4 13 3.7 green to brown, hairy Rough or

Hairy Appleberry Billardiera

scandens S m. Pittosporaceae No data cylinder 0.5 2.5 2 9 4.8 hairy peach like peel Rough or

Hairy Arazá Eugenia

stipitata McVaugh Myrtaceae No data sphere 6 904 452 0.5 skin is shiny Smooth

### Page **33** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued** **)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Arbutus Berry Arbutus unedo

L. Ericaceae North American Pacific Coast, the southwestern United States; grown as an ornamental in the deep south; northern Florida, southern California sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 Skin texture is rough and pebbled Rough or

Hairy

Babaco Vasconcellea x

heilbornii (V. M. Badillo) V. M. Badillo Caricaceae C alifornia cylinder 10 40 12560 3140 0.3 Smooth
Bacaba palm Oenocarpus

bacaba Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data sphere 1 4 13 3.0 purple

- black fruits, smooth skinned Smooth Bacaba

- de

leque Oenocarpus

distichus Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data sphere 0.5 1 3 6.0 purple

-black fruits Smooth Bayberry, Red Morella rubra

Lour. Myricaceae No data; grown for ornamental purposes sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 Dark red to purple

- red fruit has a knobby surface Rough or

Hairy
Bignay Antidesma

bunius (L.) Spr eng. Phyllanthaceae (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae, Stilaginaceae) Florida sphere 0.4 0.3 2 7.5 Skin is thin and tough Smooth

### Page **34** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Bilimbi Averrhoa bilimbi

L. Oxalidaceae (also

placed in Averrhoaceae) Limited production in southern Florida, Puerto Rico and Hawaii cylinder 2.5 10 196 196 1.0 skin is glossy, smooth, thin, soft and tender Smooth

Breadnut Brosimum

alicastrum Sw. Moraceae No data sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 pericarp is thick, scaly and greenish

- orange Rough or

Hairy
Cabeluda Plinia glomerata

(O. Berg) Ams hoff Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 pubescent Rough or Hairy Cajou (fruit) Anacardium

giganteum Hance ex Engl. Anacardiaceae No data cone 2.5 7 46 78 1.7 small, juicy, edible peduncle, smooth and shiny Smooth

Cambucá Marlierea edulis

Nied. Myrtaceae Some seedlings were planted in 1993 in Florida and Hawaii sphere 2.75 7 87 95 1.1 skin is leathery, thin and contains many slightly raised longitudinal ridges Smooth

### Page **35** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Na**  **me Scientific Name**  **Family Production**  **US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max** 

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 
Carandas

plum Carissa edulis

Vahl Apocynaceae No data sphere 0.75 2 7 4.0 purple

- blac k fruit is a solitary berry that is ovoid to spherical Smooth

Carob Ceratonia

siliqua L. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae) (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae) Numerous scattered trees are found in semitropical areas. Adapted to Southern California in the foothill s and in the desert. Carob trees are planted in Texas, Arizona, California, and Florida cylinder 1.75 30 288 349 1.2 glossy, tough and fibrous Rough or

Hairy

Cashew Anacardium

occidentale L. Anacardiaceae No data cone 2.5 10 65 100 1.5 skin of the cashe w apple is waxy Smooth

Ceylon iron wood Manilkara

hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard Sapotaceae No data cylinder 0.4 1.5 1 5 6.3 reddish

-yellow to yellow berries that are obovoid

- oblong or ellipsoid in shape Smooth
Ceylon olive Elaeocarpus

serratus L. Elaeocarpacea e No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 smooth Smooth

### Page **36** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture**  Cherry

- of

the

- Rio
Grande Eugenia

aggregata (Vell.) Kiaersk. Myrtaceae Grown in Southern Florida sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 smooth and shiny Smooth
Chinese olive, black Canarium

tramdenum C. D. Dai& Yakovlev Burserac eae No data cylinder 1.5 5 35 61 1.7 skin is smooth and purple

black Smooth
Chinese olive, white Canarium album

(Lour.) Raeusch. Burseraceae No data cylinder 1.25 4.5 22 45 2.0 ovoid to spindle

- shaped drupes Smooth
Chirauli

- nut Buchanania

latifolia Roxb
. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 0.3 0.9 0.3 2 8.9 oblong ovoid drupe that turns black when ripe Smooth
Ciruela verde Bunchosia

armeniaca (Cav.) DC. Malpighiaceae No data sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth skin Smooth

Cocoplum Chrysobalanus

icaco L. Chrysobalan aceae Florida, Puerto Rico sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 The thin skin changes from green to pinkish

- white to brownish purple to black when ripe and resemble plums. Smooth

Date Phoenix

dactylifera L. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) Coachella Valley, California, with s ome in Arizona cylinder 1.25 7.5 37 69 1.9 oblong, elliptical, rounded or ovoid fruit Smooth

Davidson's plum Davidsonia

pruriens F. Muell. Cunoniaceae (also

placed in Davidsoniaceae No data cylinder 2.5 6 118 133 1.1 Bluish

- black fruit is a laterally com pressed Smooth

### Page **37** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Pe**  **el Texture**
Desert
- date Balanites

aegyptiacus (L.) Delile Zygophyllaceae (also

placed in Balanitaceae) Puerto Rico cylinder 1 4 13 31 2.5 sticky date like fruit Rough or

Hairy Doum palm coconut Hyphaene

thebaica (L.) Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data cylinder 2.5 8 157 165 1.1 Smooth
False sandalwood Ximenia

americana L. Olacaceae Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands cylinder 1.5 3.5 25 47 1.9 The skin of the fruit is thin and highly perishable Smooth

Feijoa Acca

sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret Myrtaceae C ommercial production in California. Scattered trees have been planted in Florida and Hawaii cylinder 2 5 63 88 1.4 waxy bloom Smooth

Fig Ficus carica L. Moraceae Almost all of the commercial production is in California. Figs are also grown in home garde ns throughout the southern states; naturalized in the United States; Hawaii cone 3 10 94 126 1.3 Smooth

### Page **38** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (c**  **m) Max** 

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture**  Fragrant Manjack Cordia

dichotoma G. Forst. Boraginaceae No data sphere 0.75 2 7 4.0 Smooth Gooseberry, Abyssinian Dovyalis

abyssinica (A. Rich.) Warb. Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 skin is thin and tender Rough or

Hairy Gooseberry, Ceylon Dovyalis

hebecarpa (Gardner) Warb. Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) Florida, California, Hawaii, Puerto Rico sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 thin, bitter, coated with short velvety hairs, mostly used for jelly Rough or

Hairy Gooseberry, Indian Phyllanthus

emblica L. Phyllanthaceae (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae) Puerto Rico sphere 3 113 113 1.0 thin, hard translucent s mooth skin Smooth
Gooseberry, Otaheite Phyllanthus

acidus (L.) Skeels Phyllanthaceae (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae) Grown in Florida and Hawaii in home gardens sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 waxy skin Smooth

Governor's plum Flacourtia

indica (Burm. F.) Merr. Sal icaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) Home gardens, Florida; occasionally planted in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 round to ovoid berries, fruit is tipped by 5 to 6 short radiating styles Smooth

Grumichama Eugenia

brasiliensi

s Lam Myrtaceae Hawaii sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 fragile like grape skin Smooth
Guabiroba Campomanesia

xanthocarpa O. Berg Myrtaceae No data cylinder 1.25 6 29 57 1.9 resembles a small guava Smooth

### Page **39** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Pe**  **el (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Guava Psidium guajava

L. Myrtaceae Florida, Guam, Hawaii, Cali fornia and Puerto Rico sphere 5 523 314 0.6 smooth to rough, thin Smooth

Guava berry Myrciaria

floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg Myrtaceae Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands; experimental plants are grown in Hawaii and Florida sphere 0.8 2 8 3.8 ro ugh glandular spots but overall smooth skin Smooth

Guava, Brazilian Psidium

guineense Sw. Myrtaceae Southern California sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 smooth peel Smooth

Guava, cattley Psidium

cattleianum Sabine Myrtaceae Hawaii, southern and central Florida, so uthern California; sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth thin peel Smooth

Guava, Costa Rican Psidium

friedrichsthalian um (O. Berg) Nied. Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 smooth peel Smooth

Guava, Para Psidium

acutangulum DC. Myrtaceae No data sphere 4 268 201 0.8 leathery peel Smooth

### Page **40** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Textur e** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Guava, purple strawberry Psidium

cattleianum Sabine var. cattleianum Myrtaceae No data sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth thin peel Smooth

Guava, strawberry Psidium

cattleianum Sabine var. littorale (Raddi) Fosberg Myrtaceae No da ta sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth thin peel Smooth

Guava, yellow strawberry Psidium

cattleianum Sabine var. cattleianum forma lucidum O. Deg. Myrtaceae yellow strawberry guava is cultivated in Hawaii sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth thin peel Smooth

Guayabillo Psidium

sartorianum (O. Berg) Nied. Myrtaceae Southern California sphere 0.75 2 7 4.0 smooth peel Smooth
Illawarra plum Podocarpus

elatus R. Br. Ex Endl. Podocarpaceae No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 waxy, berry

- like Smooth
Imbé Garcinia

livingstonei T. Anderson Clusiaceae (alt.

Guttiferae) Florida sphere 2 33 50 1.5 skin is smooth & thin Smooth
Imbu Spondias

tuberosa Arruda ex Kost. Anacardiaceae Minor production in South Florida sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth, thick, tough skin Smooth Indian

plum F lacourtia

jangomas Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) Florida, Puerto Rico sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 Smooth

### Page **41** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Jaboticaba Myrciaria

cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg Myrtaceae Some production in South Florida; California; used to make wine in Hawaii sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth glossy tough skin Smooth

Jamaica
cherry Muntingia

calabura L. Muntingiaceae (also

placed in Elaeocarpaceae, Tiliaceae) Florida, Hawaii sphere 0.625 1 5 4.8 smooth, thin and tender Smooth

Jambolan Syzygium cumini

(L.) Skeels Myrtaceae Cultivated and naturalized in the Southeastern United States, Florida, California, Hawaii and Puerto Rico cylinder 1.25 5 25 49 2.0 thin smooth glossy Smooth

Jelly palm Butia capitata

(Mart.) Becc. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) Landscape plant of the Southeastern United States and California sphere 1.75 22 38 1.7 round or ovoid Smooth

### Page **42** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**( cm3)**  **Est**

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Jujube, Chinese Ziziphus jujuba

Mill. Rhamnaceae Minor production. Trees are planted in home gardens in the Southern states; trees have become weedy in some states cylinder 0.65 3 4 15 3.7 skin is smooth or rough, glossy, thin but tough; most photos show smooth skin until harvest and then wrinkled when dried Smooth

Jujube, Indian Ziziphus

mauritiana Lam. Rhamnaceae Ornamental in Hawaii; Southern Florida, Puerto Rico cylinder 2.25 6. 25 99 120 1.2 skin smooth or rough, glossy, thin but tough, most photos show smooth fruit Smooth

Kaffir

- plum Harpephyllum

caffrum Bernh. Ex C. Krauss Anacardiaceae Gro wn in the US; no yield data is available sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 plum

- like oval

shaped f ruit, skin is thin Smooth

Kakadu plum Terminalia

latipes Benth. Subsp. psilocarpa Pedley Combretaceae No data cylinder 0.5 3 2 11 4.7 smooth skin Smooth

Kapundung Baccaurea

racemosa (Reinw.) Mull. Arg. Phyllanthaceae (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae) No dat a sphere 1.2 7 18 2.5 fine silvery hairs Rough or Hairy

### Page **43** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Ar**  **ea (cm2)**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Karanda Carissa

carandas L. Apocynaceae Cultivated in a limited way in Florida and California and in some experimental gardens in Trinidad and Puerto Rico cylinder 1 2.5 8 22 2.8 smooth, glossy skin is thin but tough and turns from a purplish

red to dark

purple or black when ripe Smooth

Kwai muk Artocarpus

hypargyreus Hance ex Benth. Moraceae Florida sphere 2.5 65 79 1.2 skin is thin, tender and contains velvety brown hairs Rough or

Hairy
Lemon aspe n Acronychia

acidula Rutaceae No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 skin is waxy and contains small ridges Smooth
Mangaba Hancornia

speciosa Gomes Apocynaceae No data sphere 3 113 113 1.0 thin smooth skin Smooth
Marian plum Bouea

macrophylla Griff. Anacardiac eae No data cylinder 2.5 7 137 149 1.1 skin is thin, smooth, brittle and edible Smooth
Mombin, Malayan Spondias

pinnata (J. Koenig ex L. f.) Kurz Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 2.25 5 79 102 1.3 oblong to ellipsoid drupe, smooth and thick skinned Smooth Mombin, purple Spondias

purpurea L. Anacardiaceae Florida cylinder 1.75 5 48 74 1.5 skin glossy and firm Smooth Mombin, yellow Spondias

mombin L. Anacardiaceae Florida cylinder 1.25 4 20 41 2.1 thick leathery smooth skin Smooth Monkeyfruit Artocarpus

lacucha Buch.

- Ham. Moraceae No data sphere 6 904 452 0.5 The skin is velvety Rough or

Hairy

### Page **44** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (**  **cm) Est Vol** 

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Monos plum Pseudanamomis

umbellulifera (Kunth) Kausel Myrtaceae Cultivated and naturalized in Puerto Rico, Florida sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 thin smooth skin Smooth

Moun tain cherry Bunchosia

cornifolia Kunth Malpighiaceae No data cylinder 0.75 3 5 18 3.3 thin smooth skin Smooth
Nance Byrsonima

crassifolia (L.) Kunth Malpighiaceae Puerto Rico sphere 2.5 65 79 1.2 thin smooth skin Smooth

Natal plum Carissa

macrocarpa (E ckl.) A.DC Apocynaceae home plantings in Florida, California, Hawaii and the Gulf States cylinder 2 6.25 79 104 1.3 smooth and tender and is coated with a thin, whitish wax bloom when ripe Smooth

Noni Morinda

citrifolia L. Rubiaceae Hawaii, Samoa, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, the Florida Keys cylinder 3.75 14 618 418 0.7 bumpy skin texture, mainly used for juice or fermented, not peeled Rough or

Hairy

### Page **45** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name**  **Family Production**  **US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max** 

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Olive Olea europaea

L. subsp. europaea Oleaceae Commercially grown in California; most production occurs California’s Central Valley; some production occurs outside Phoenix, Arizona cylinder 1 4 13 31 2.5 smooth skin Smooth

Papaya, Mountain Vasconcellea

pubescens A. DC. Caricaceae Limited. Gro wn in California cylinder 4 20 1005 603 0.6 skin is smooth, toug h Smooth
Patauá Oenocarpus

bataua Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data sphere 2 33 50 1.5 pear shaped Smooth
Peach Palm Bactris gasipaes

Kunth var. gasipaes Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data sphere 2.5 65 79 1.2 pear shaped Smooth Persimmon Black Diospyros

texana Scheele Ebenaceae Texas sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 Smooth
Persimmon Japanese Diospyros kaki

Thunb. Ebenaceae Florida, California; southern states sphere 5 523 314 0.6 skin is smooth, glossy, thin and tough Smooth

Pitomba Eugenia

luschnathiana Klotzsch ex O. Berg Myrtaceae A few specimens have been grown in southern Florida sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 skin is thin and tender Smooth

Plum

- of

Martinique Flacourtia

inermis Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 S mooth

### Page **46** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Textur**  **e**

Pomerac Syzygium

malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry Myrtaceae Hawaii, Puerto Rico cone 3.75 10 147 170 1.2 skin is thin, smooth and waxy Smooth

Rambai Baccaurea

motleyana (Mull. Arg.) Mull. Arg. Phyllanthaceae No data cylinder 2 4.5 57 82 1.4 skin is t hin and leathery Rough or

Hairy

Rose apple Syzygium

jambos (L.) Alston Myrtaceae Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands; naturalized in the Southeastern United States; grown as an ornamental in California cylinder 2 5 63 88 1.4 smooth and thin Smoot h

Rukam Flacourtia

rukam Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 Smooth Rumberry Myrciaria dubia

(Kunth) Mc Vaugh Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 leathery skin Smooth

Sea grape Coccoloba

uvifera (L.) L. Polyg onaceae Home gardens along the Gulf Coast; Florida; ornamental in Hawaii sphere 1 4 13 3.0 skin is pubescent Rough or

Hairy

### Page **47** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Sentul Sandoricum

koetjape (Burm. F.) Merr. Meliaceae Gro ws well in South Florida sphere 5 523 314 0.6 fruit is globose or oblate w ith wrinkles extending a short distance from the base. The rind is downy Rough or

Hairy

Sete
capotes Campomanesia

guazumifolia (Cambess.) O. Berg Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 velvety skin Rough or Hairy Silver aspen Acronychia

wilcoxiana Rut aceae No data sphere 1 4 13 3.0 ribbed shiny fruit Smooth

### Page **48** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Starfruit Averrhoa

carambola L. Oxalidaceae (also

placed in Averrhoaceae) The majority of domestic production is from Florida. Fruit from Hawaii must be treated prior to shipment to the mainland. Guam in 1992; some production occurs in California cylinder 4.5 16 1017 579 0.6 skin is thin, waxy Smooth

Surinam cherry Eugenia uniflora

L. Myrtaceae Hawaii, California and Florida as a small bush

like tree or hedge; naturalized in the Southeastern United States, Puerto Rico, Samoa, and the U.S. Virgin Islands; sphere 2 33 50 1.5 ribbed, thin smooth shiny skin Smooth

### Page **49** 

### Table **1. All Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Ma**  **x Radius**  **(cm) Max** 

**Height (cm)**  **Est Vol**

**(cm3) Est** 

**Surface Area**  **(cm2) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Tamarind Tamarindus

indica L. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae); (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae) New Mexico, Florida, California, Hawaii, Puerto Ri co. For the most part, tamarind production is of minor importance in the US cylinder 1.6 18 145 1470 10.2 mature pod is minutely scaly, rusty, velvety, indehiscent, constricted between seeds and brittle Rough or

Hairy

Uvalha Eugenia

pyriformis Myrtacea e Florida sphere 2.5 65 79 1.2 thin smooth skin Smooth Water apple Syzygium

aqueum (Burm. F.) Alston Myrtaceae Hawaii cone 2.25 2 11 37 3.5 pear- shaped, waxy Smooth Water pear Syzygium

guineense Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 black shiny Smoo th Water berry Syzygium

cordatum Myrtaceae No data cone 1.25 3.5 6 19 3.4 pear shaped waxy Smooth
Wax jambu Syzygium

samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M. Perry Myrtaceae Florida cone 2.5 5 33 64 1.9 pear- shaped, waxy Smooth

### Page **50** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Sub**  **- Tropical Fruit** **, Edible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Bayberry, Red Morella rubra

Lour. M yricaceae No data; grown for ornamental purposes sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 Dark red to purple

- red fruit has a knobby surface Rough or

Hairy
Breadnut Brosimum

alicastrum Sw. Moraceae No data sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 pericarp is thick, scaly and greenish

- orange Rough or

Hairy

Arbutus Berry Arbutus unedo

L. Ericaceae North American Pacific Coast, the southwestern United States; grown as an ornamental in the deep south; northern Florida, southern California sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 Skin texture is rough and pebbled Rough or

Hairy

Cabeluda Plinia glomerata

(O. Berg) Amshoff Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 pubescent Rough or Hairy Gooseberry Abyssinian Dovyalis

abyssinica (A. Rich.) Warb. Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 skin is thin and tender Rough or

Hairy Gooseberry Ceylon Dovyalis

hebecarpa (Gardner) Warb. Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) Florida, California, Hawaii, Puerto Rico sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 thin, bitter, coated with short velvety hairs, most ly used for jelly Rough or

Hairy

### Page **51** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Sete
capotes Campomanesia

guazumifolia (Cambess.) O. Berg Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 velvety skin Rough or Hairy

Desert
- date Balanites

aegyptiacus (L.) Delile Zygophyllaceae (also

placed in Balanitac eae) Puerto Rico cylinder 1 4 13 31 2.5 sticky date like fruit Rough or

Hairy Kapundung Baccaurea

racemosa (Reinw.) Mull. Arg. Phyllanthaceae (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae) No data sphere 1.2 7 18 2.5 fine silvery hairs Rough or Hairy

Sea grape Coccolo ba

uvifera (L.) L. Polygonaceae Home gardens along the Gulf Coast; Florida; ornamental in Hawaii sphere 1 4 13 3.0 skin is pubescent Rough or

Hairy

Apak palm Brahea dulcis

(Kunth) Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) Texas, Arizona, California cylinder 0.75 2 4 13 3.7 green to brown, hairy Rough or

Hairy Appleberry Billardiera

scandens Sm. Pittosporaceae No data cylinder 0.5 2.5 2 9 4.8 hairy peach like peel Rough or

Hairy Acerola Malpighia

emarginata DC. Malpighiaceae Puerto Rico, Hawaii and Florida sphere 1 .75 22 38 1.7 thin glossy skin Smooth

Jelly palm Butia capitata

(Mart.) Becc. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) Landscape plant of the Southeastern United States and California sphere 1.75 22 38 1.7 round or ovoid Smooth

### Page **52** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Trop ical Fruit** **, Edible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Chinese olive, black Canarium

tramdenum C. D. Dai& Yakovlev Burseraceae No data cylinder 1.5 5 35 61 1.7 skin is smooth and purple

black Smooth

Date Phoenix

dactylifera L. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) Coachella Valley, California, with some in Arizona cylinder 1.25 7.5 37 69 1.9 oblong, ell iptical, rounded or ovoid fruit Smooth

False sandalwood Ximenia

americana L. Olacaceae Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands cylinder 1.5 3.5 25 47 1.9 The skin of the fruit is thin and highly perishable Smooth

Guabiroba Campomanesia

xanthocarpa O. Berg Myrt aceae No data cylinder 1.25 6 29 57 1.9 resembles a small guava Smooth
Wax jambu Syzygium

samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M. Perry Myrtaceae Florida cone 2.5 5 33 64 1.9 pear- shaped, waxy Smooth

Jambolan Syzygium

cumini (L.) Skeels Myrtaceae Cultivated and naturalized in the Southeastern United States, Florida, California, Hawaii and Puerto Rico cylinder 1.25 5 25 49 2.0 thin smooth glossy Smooth

African plum Vitex doniana

Sweet Lamiaceae (alt.

Labiatae) (also placed in Verbenaceae) No data sphere 1.5 1 4 28 2.0 smooth and shiny Smooth

### Page **53** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Cherry

- of

the

- Rio
Grande Eugenia

aggregata (Vell.) Kiaersk. Myrtaceae Grown in Southern Florida sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 smooth and shiny Smooth

Cocoplum Chrysobalanus

icaco L. Chrysobalanaceae Florida, Puerto Rico sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 The thin skin changes from green to pinkish

- white to brownish purple to black when ripe and resemble plums. Smooth

Governor's plum Flacourtia indica

(Burm. F.) Merr. Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) Home gardens, Florida ; occasionally planted in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 round to ovoid berries, fruit is tipped by 5 to 6 short radiating styles Smooth

Grumichama Eugenia

brasiliensis Lam Myrtaceae Hawaii sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 fragile like g rape skin Smooth Guava, Brazilian Psidium

guineense Sw. Myrtaceae Southern California sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 smooth peel Smooth Guava, Costa Rican Psidium

friedrichsthalian um (O. Berg) Nied. Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 smooth peel Smooth

Mo nos plum Pseudanamomis

umbellulifera (Kunth) Kausel Myrtaceae Cultivated and naturalized in Puerto Rico, Florida sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 thin smooth skin Smooth

### Page **54** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Pitomba Eugenia

luschnathiana Klotzsch ex O. Berg Myrtaceae A few specimens have been grown in southern Florida sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 skin is thin and tender Smooth

Rumberry Myrciaria dubia

(Kunth) Mc Vaugh Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 leathery skin Smooth Water pear Syzygium

guineense Myrtaceae No data sphere 1.5 14 28 2.0 black shiny Smooth Chinese olive, white Canarium album

(Lour.) Raeusch. Burseraceae No data cylinder 1.25 4.5 22 45 2.0 ovoid to spindle

- shaped drupes Smooth Mombin, yellow Spondias

mombin L. Anacardiaceae Florida cylinder 1.25 4 20 41 2.1 thick leathe ry smooth skin Smooth Ceylon olive Elaeocarpus

serratus L. Elaeocarpaceae No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 smooth Smooth
Gooseberry Otaheite Phyllanthus

acidus (L.) Skeels Phyllanthaceae (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae) Grown in Florida and Hawaii in home ga rdens sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 waxy skin Smooth

Illawarra plum Podocarpus

elatus R. Br. Ex Endl. Podocarpaceae No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 waxy, berry

- like Smooth Indian

plum Flacourtia

jangomas Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) Florida, Puerto Rico sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 Smooth

Kaffir

- plum Harpephyllum

caffrum Bernh. Ex C. Krauss Anacardiaceae Gro wn in the US; no yield data is available sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 plum

- like oval

shaped fruit, skin is thin Smooth

### Page **55** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Sub**  **- Tropical Fruit** **, Edible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Lemon aspen Acronychia

acidula Rutaceae No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 skin is waxy and contains small ridges Smooth Persimmon Black Diospyros

texana Scheele Ebenaceae Texas sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 Smooth Plum

- of

Martinique Flacourtia

inermis Salicaceae (also placed

in Flaco urtiaceae) No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 Smooth Rukam Flacourtia

rukam Salicaceae (also placed

in Flacourtiaceae) No data sphere 1.25 8 20 2.4 Smooth

Olive Olea europaea

L. subsp. europaea Oleaceae Commercially grown in California; most production occurs California’s Central Valley; some production occurs outside Phoenix, Arizona cylinder 1 4 13 31 2.5 smooth skin Smooth

Karanda Carissa

carandas L. Apocynaceae Cultivated in a limted way in Florida and California and in some experimental gardens in Trinidad and Puerto Rico cylinder 1 2.5 8 22 2.8 smooth, glossy skin is thin but tough and turns from a purplish

red to dark

purple or black when ripe Smooth

Açaí Euterpe

oleracea Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae No data sphere 1 4 13 3.0 smooth with thin o ily coating Smooth

### Page **56** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Textur**  **e**

**Description Peel Texture**  Bacaba palm Oenocarpus

bacaba Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data sphere 1 4 13 3.0 purple

- black fruits, smooth skinned Smooth Silver aspen Acronychia

wilcoxiana Rutaceae No data sphere 1 4 13 3.0 ribbed shiny fruit Smoot h Mountain cherry Bunchosia

cornifolia Kunth Malpighiaceae No data cylinder 0.75 3 5 18 3.3 thin smooth skin Smooth Water berry Syzygium

cordatum Myrtaceae No data cone 1.25 3.5 6 19 3.4 pear shaped waxy Smooth Water apple Syzygium

aqueum (Burm. F.) Alston Myrtaceae Hawaii cone 2.25 2 11 37 3.5 pear- shaped, waxy Smooth

Jujube, Chinese Ziziphus jujuba

Mill. Rhamnaceae Minor production. Trees are planted in home gardens in the Southern states; trees have become weedy in some states cylinder 0.65 3 4 15 3 .7 skin is smooth or rough, glossy, thin but tough; most photos show smooth skin until harvest and then wrinkled when dried Smooth

Guava berry Myrciaria

floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg Myrtaceae Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands; experimental plants are grown in Hawaii and Florida sphere 0.8 2 8 3.8 rough glandular spots but overall smooth skin Smooth

Almondette Buchanania

lanzan Spreng. Anacardiaceae No data sphere 0.75 2 7 4.0 hard, grey to black drupe Smooth

### Page **57** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Su b**  **- Tropical Fruit** **, Edible Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Carandas

plum Carissa edu lis

Vahl Apocynaceae No data sphere 0.75 2 7 4.0 purple

- black fruit is a solitary berry that is ovoid to spherical Smooth
Fragrant Manjack Cordia

dichotoma G. Forst. Boraginaceae No data sphere 0.75 2 7 4.0 Smooth
Guayabillo Psidium

sartorianum (O. Berg) Nied. Myrtaceae Southern California sphere 0.75 2 7 4.0 smooth peel Smooth

Kakadu plum Terminalia

latipes Benth. Subsp. psilocarpa Pedley Combretaceae No data cylinder 0.5 3 2 11 4.7 smooth skin Smooth

Jamaica
cherry Muntingia

calabura L. Munti ngiaceae (also

placed in Elaeocarpaceae, Tiliaceae) Florida, Hawaii sphere 0.625 1 5 4.8 smooth, thin and tender Smooth

Agritos Berberis

trifoliolata Moric
. Berberidaceae New Mexico, Texas, Arizona sphere 0.6 1 5 5.0 subglobose to globose bright red b erry, smooth skin Smooth
Bacaba

- de

leque Oenocarpus

distichus Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data sphere 0.5 1 3 6.0 purple

-black fruits Smooth
Ceylon iron wood Manilkara

hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard Sapotaceae No data cylinder 0.4 1.5 1 5 6.3 reddish

-ye llow to yellow berries that are obovoid

- oblong or ellipsoid in shape Smooth

### Page **58** 

### Table 2 **. Small**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (**  **cm) Est** 

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Bignay Antidesma

bunius (L.) Spreng. Phyllanthaceae (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae, Stilaginaceae) Florida sphere 0.4 0.3 2 7.5 Skin is thin and tough Smooth

Chirauli

- nu t Buchanania

latifolia Roxb
. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 0.3 0.9 0.3 2 8.9 oblong ovoid drupe that turns black when ripe Smooth

### Page **59** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name F**  **amily Production**  **US Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max** 

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Monkeyfruit Artocarpus

lacucha Buch.

- Ham. Moraceae No data sphere 6 904 452 0.5 The skin is velvety Rough or

Hairy

Sentul Sandoricum

koetjape (Burm. F.) Merr. Meliaceae Gro ws well in South Florida sphere 5 523 314 0.6 fruit is globose or oblate with wrinkles extending a short distance from the base. The rind is downy Rough or

Hairy

Noni Morinda

citrifolia L. Rubi aceae Hawaii, Samoa, Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, the Florida Keys cylinder 3.75 14 618 418 0.7 bumpy skin texture, mainly used for juice or fermented, not peeled Rough or

Hairy

Kwai muk Artocarpus

hypargyreus Hance ex Benth. Moraceae Florida sphere 2.5 65 79 1.2 skin is thin, tender and contains velvety brown hairs Rough or

Hairy

### Page **60** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radiu s**  **(cm) Max** 

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Carob Ceratonia

siliqua L. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae) (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae) Numerous scattered trees are found in semitropical areas. Adapt ed to Southern California in the foothills and in the desert. Carob trees are planted in Texas, Arizona, California, and Florida cylinder 1.75 30 288 349 1.2 glossy, tough and fibrous Rough or

Hairy

Rambai Baccaurea

motleyana (Mull. Arg.) Mull. Arg. Phyl lanthaceae No data cylinder 2 4.5 57 82 1.4 skin is thin and leathery Rough or

Hairy

Tamarind Tamarindus

indica L. Fabaceae (alt.

Leguminosae); (also placed in Caesalpiniaceae) New Mexico, Florida, California, Hawaii, Puerto Rico. For the most part, tamarind production is of minor importance in the US cylinder 1.6 18 145 197 1.4 mature pod is minutely scaly, rusty, velvety, indehiscent, constricted between seeds and brittle Rough or

Hairy

### Page **61** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edib**  **le Peel -**  **Sorted by Texture (continued)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Babaco Vasconcellea x

heilbornii (V. M. Badillo ) V. M. Badillo Caricaceae California cylinder 10 40 12560 3140 0.3 Smooth

Arazá Eugenia

stipitata McVaugh Myrtaceae No data sphere 6 904 452 0.5 skin is shiny Smooth

Starfruit Averrhoa

carambola L. Oxalidaceae (also

placed in Averrhoaceae) The majority of domestic production is from Florida. Fruit from Hawaii must be treated prior to shipment to the mainland. Guam in 1992; some production occurs in California cylinder 4.5 16 1017 579 0.6 skin is thin, waxy Smooth

Guava Psidium

guajava L. Myrtaceae Florida, Guam, Hawaii, California and Puerto Rico sphere 5 523 314 0.6 smooth to rough, thin Smooth

Papaya, Mountain Vasconcellea

pubescens A. DC. Caricaceae Limited. Gro wn in California cylinder 4 20 1005 603 0.6 skin is smooth, tough Smooth

Persim mon, Japanese Diospyros kaki

Thunb. Ebenaceae Florida, California; southern states sphere 5 523 314 0.6 skin is smooth, glossy, thin and tough Smooth

### Page **62** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued** **)**

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 
Ambarella Spondias dulcis

Sol. ex Parkinson Anacardiaceae Home gardens; Hawaii, Flori da, Puerto Rico cylinder 4 10 502 352 0.7 skin is thick, tough and russetted Smooth

Guava, Para Psidium

acutangulum DC. Myrtaceae No data sphere 4 268 201 0.8 leathery peel Smooth

Bilimbi Averrhoa

bilimbi L. Oxalidaceae (also

placed in Averrhoaceae) Limited production in southern Florida, Puerto Rico and Hawaii cylinder 2.5 10 196 196 1.0 skin is glossy, smooth, thin, soft and tender Smooth

Gooseberry, Indian Phyllanthus

emblica L. Phyllanthaceae (also

placed in Euphorbiaceae) Puerto Rico sphere 3 113 113 1.0 thin, hard translucent smooth skin Smooth
Mangaba Hancornia

speciosa Gomes Apocynaceae No data sphere 3 113 113 1.0 thin smooth skin Smooth Doum palm coconut Hyphaene

thebaica (L.) Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data cylinder 2.5 8 157 16 5 1.1 Smooth
Marian plum Bouea

macrophylla Griff. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 2.5 7 137 149 1.1 skin is thin, smooth, brittle and edible Smooth

Cambucá Marlierea

edulis Nied. Myrtaceae Some seedlings were planted in 1993 in Florida and Hawaii sphere 2.75 7 87 95 1.1 skin is leathery, thin and contains many slightly raised longitudinal ridges Smooth

### Page **63** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production U**  **S Shape**  **Max Radius**  **(cm) Max** 

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Davidson's plum Davidsonia

pruriens F. Muell. Cunoniaceae (also

placed in Davidsoniaceae No data cylinder 2.5 6 118 133 1.1 Bluish

- blac k fruit is a laterally compressed Smooth

Pomerac Syzygium

malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry Myrtaceae Hawaii, Puerto Rico cone 3.75 10 147 170 1.2 skin is thin, smooth and waxy Smooth

Nance Byrsonima

crassifolia (L.) Kunth Malpighiaceae Puerto Rico sphe re 2.5 65 79 1.2 thin smooth skin Smooth

Peach Palm Bactris

gasipaes Kunth var. gasipaes Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data sphere 2.5 65 79 1.2 pear shaped Smooth
Uvalha Eugenia

pyriformis Myrtaceae Florida sphere 2.5 65 79 1.2 thin smooth skin Smoo th
Jujube, Indian Ziziphus

mauritiana Lam. Rhamnaceae Ornamental in Hawaii; Southern Florida, Puerto Rico cylinder 2.25 6.25 99 120 1.2 skin smooth or rough, glossy, thin but tough, most photos show smooth fruit Smooth

Mombin, Malayan Spondias

pinnata (J
. Koenig ex L. f.) Kurz Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 2.25 5 79 102 1.3 oblong to ellipsoid drupe, smooth and thick skinned Smooth

### Page **64** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scien tific** 

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Natal plum Carissa

macrocarpa (Eckl.) A.DC Apocynaceae home plantings in Florida, California, Hawaii and the Gulf States cylinder 2 6.25 79 104 1.3 smooth and tender and is coated with a thin, whitish wax bloom when ripe Smooth

Fig Ficus carica L. Moraceae Almost all of the commercial production is in California. Figs are also grown in home gardens througho ut the southern states; naturalized in the United States; Hawaii cone 3 10 94 126 1.3 Smooth

Feijoa Acca

sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret Myrtaceae Commercial production in California. Scattered trees have been planted in Florida and Hawaii cylinder 2 5 63 88 1.4 waxy bloom Smooth

### Page **65** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture** 

Rose apple Syzygium

jambos (L.) Alston Myrtaceae Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands; naturalized in the Southeastern United States; grown as an ornamental in California cylinder 2 5 63 88 1.4 smooth and thin Smooth

Ciruela verde Bunchosia

armeniaca (Cav.) DC. Malpighiaceae No data sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth skin Smooth

Guava, cattley Psidium

cattleianum Sabine Myrtaceae Hawaii, southern and central Florida, southern California; sphere 2 33 50 1.5 s mooth thin peel Smooth

Guava, purple strawberry Psidium

cattleianum Sabine var. cattleianum Myrtaceae No data sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth thin peel Smooth

Guava, strawberry Psidium

cattleianum Sabine var. littorale (Raddi) Fosberg Myrtaceae No data sph ere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth thin peel Smooth

### Page **66** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (cm**  **3 )**  **Est Surface**  **Area (cm**  **2 )**  **SA : M Texture** 

**Description Peel Texture**  Guava, yellow strawberry Psidium

cattleianum Sabine var. cattleianum forma lucidum O. Deg. Myrtaceae yellow strawberry guava is cultivated in Hawaii sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth thin peel Smooth

Imbé Garcinia

livingstonei T. Anderson Clusiaceae (alt.

Guttiferae) Florida sphere 2 33 50 1.5 skin is smooth & thin Smooth

Imbu Spondias

tuberosa Arruda ex Kost. Anacardiaceae Minor production in South Florida sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth, thick, tough skin Smooth

Jaboticaba Myrciaria

cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg Myrtaceae Some production in South Florida; California; used to make wine in Hawaii sphere 2 33 50 1.5 smooth glossy tough skin Smooth

Patauá Oenocarpus

bataua Mart. Arecaceae (alt. Palmae) No data sphere 2 33 50 1.5 pear shaped Smooth

### Page **67** 

### Table 3 **. Medium to Large**  **Tropical and Sub -**  **Tropical Fruit , Edible Peel**  **- Sorted by Texture (continued)** 

**Common Name**  **Scientific**

**Name Family**  **Production US**  **Shape Max**  **Radius (cm)**  **Max**

**Height (cm)**  **Est**

**Volume (c**  **m 3**  **) Est**  **Surface Area**  **(cm 2**  **) SA : M**  **Texture**

**Description Peel Texture** 

Surinam cherry Eugenia

uniflora L. Myrtaceae Hawaii, California and Florida as a small bush

like tree or hedge; naturalized in the Southeastern United States, Puerto Rico, Samoa, and the U .S. Virgin Islands; sphere 2 33 50 1.5 ribbed, thin smooth shiny skin Smooth

Cashew Anacardium

occidentale L. Anacardiaceae No data cone 2.5 10 65 100 1.5 skin of the cashew apple is waxy Smooth Mombin, purple Spondias

purpurea L. Anacardiaceae Florida cylinder 1.75 5 48 74 1.5 skin glossy and firm Smooth
Cajou (fruit) Anacardium

giganteum Hance ex Engl. Anacardiaceae No data cylinder 2.5 7 137 149 1.1 small, juicy, edible peduncle, smooth and shiny Smooth

### Page **68** ATTACHMENT 2 . SYMPOSIUM PROPO SAL

### Page **69** 

### Tropical/Subtropical Tree and Small Fruits (Edible and Inedible Peels)

Wo rkgroup # 4

IR
-4/USDA Crop Grouping Symposium

7
- 8 October 2002 Arlington, Virginia

Chair: Michael Braverman Co
- Chairs: Jonathan C rane, Nancy Dodd, Wi ll Donovan, Edith Lurvey, Maria Rodriguez Wo rkgroup #4’s mission was to review, evaluate and validate the established Crop Group #10, and the proposed Crop Groups D, E and M to include additional Crops. **No te: The established Crop Groups reflected the US EPA** **’s 40 CFR 180.41, Health Canada’s Pest Management Regulatory** 

**A gency**  **’s Directive 98 -** **02, and Mexico’s crop Grouping Sy stem w**  **hich are identical.**

### Page **70 Proposed Crop Group D: Tropical and Subtropical Fruits**  **– E**  **dible Peel Current Crop Group**  **US = Miscellaneous Canada = None Codex = FT Mexico = None Au**  **thor’s Commodity List (Greenbook) Greenbook monograph number follows the crop name**  **Validation: Yes or No**  Acerola (003) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHER RY* Y Am barella (017) INEDIBLE PEEL. AVOCADO, BANANA, PAPAYA NO. MOVE TO CG E Blimbe (075) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Carob bean (127) FIG Y Cashew apple (130) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Chinese jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) (305, 306) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Date (220) FIG Y Fig (243) FIG Y Guava (273) GUAVA Y Imbu (294) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Jaboticaba (298) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Jujube (305, 306) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Jujube/Indian (306) JU JUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Natal plum (402) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Olive (418) (MOVE TO OILSEED) NO Otaheite gooseberry (431) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Papaya/Mountain (438) PAPAYA Y Pejibaye
- Peach palm ( Guilielma gasipaes=Bactris gasipaes ) (432) FIG Y Persimmon (468) GUAVA Y Pom erac (487) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Purple mombin ( Spondias purpurea L.) (017) JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y Rose apple (514) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Sentul (541) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Starfruit (578) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Surinam cherry

(589) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y Yellow mombin ( Spondias mombin L.) (017) GUAVA/PERSIMMON Y **See Work sheets for additions to proposed Crop Group D** 

### *Caps (crops) signify

the representative crop(s) as sociated with the entry

.

### Page **71**

**Proposed Subgroups for Group D WENT CROP BY CROP (**  **ABOVE) AN**  **D A DDED TO GROUP**  **Proposed Subgroup: Da Rep.**  **Commodities Commodities**  **Validate:Y/N** Guava and Raisin Acerola; Ambarella; Blimbe; Carob bean; Cashew apple; Date; Fig; Guava ; Imbu; Jaboticaba; Jujube;

Jujube/Indian; Natal plum; Olive; Otaheite gooseberry; Papaya/Mountain; Persimmon; Pomerac; Rose apple; Sentul; Starfruit; Surinam cherry; Noni; Purple mombin; Yellow mombin; Chinese jujube; Bignay NO* **Proposed Subgroup: Db Rep.**  **Commodities Commodities**  **Validate:Y/N** Raisin Olive; Fig; Date; Carob bean **NO*** **Proposed Subgroup: Dc Rep.**  **Commodities Commodities**  **Validate:Y/N** Guava Acerola; Ambarella; Blimbe; Carob bean; Cashew apple; Guava; Imbu; Jaboticaba; Jujube; Jujube/Indian ; Natal

plum ; Otaheite gooseberry; Papaya/Mountain; Persimmon; Pomerac; Rose apple; Sentul; Starfruit; Surinam cherry; Noni; Purple mombin; Yellow mombin; Chinese jujube , Feijoa; W ax Jambu; Passionfruit **NO***


### *SEE A **TTA CHED TABLES** 

### Page **72**

**Workgroup Worksheet** W orkgroup #: ___4______________ Crop Group: D (Tropical/Subtropical Fruit, Edible Peel) **Additions to Proposed**  **Crop Groups and Subgroups Common**  **Name Scientific Name**  **Group/SG Placement**  Rep Crop **Edible Part**  **Person(s)**

**Requesting Comments**  **Validate: Y/N**  D.1 C raboo Byrsonima crassifolia

(Malpighiaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit (edible peel) Mexico NANCE Cherry
- sized fruit eaten raw, etc. Y
D.2 Jamaica Cherry Muntingia calabura

(Elaeocarpaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit (edible peel ) IR
-4 Panama berry Strawberry Tree Capulin Y D.3 Riberry Suzygium SYZYGIUM

luehmannii (My rtaceae) D Guava Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) Clove flavor (spice) AI
D.4 Native Pepper Kunzea pomifera

(Leptospermaceae) D Guava Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) Nati ve apple (spice) MOVE TO SPICE D.5 Davidson’s Plum Davidsonia pruriens

(Davidsoniaceae) D Guava Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) AI
D.6 Illawarra Plum Podocarpus elatus

(Podocarpaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) Resembles a grape AI
D.7 Kakadu Plum Terminalia ferdinandiana

(Combretaceae) D Guava Fruit G. Burlow (Australia) Resembles a

gooseberry AI D.8 Noni Morinda citrifolia

(Rubiaceae) D Guava Fruit M. Kawate (HI) Indian Mulberry Y D.9 Bignay Antidesma bunius

(Euphorb iaceae) Da JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman Y D.10 Cajou Anacardium giganteum

(Anacardiaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman Y

### Page **73**

D.11 Guava Berry **My rciaria floribunda** 

(My rtaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fru it M. Braverman Y
D.12 Uvalha **Eugenia uvalha**

(My rtaceae) D Guava Fruit M. Braverman (Brazil) Y
D.13 Monos Plum Pseudanamomis

umbellifera (My rtaceae) D guava JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman (Puerto Rico) Y D.14 Jelly Palm Butia capitata

(Arecaceae) D Guava FIG Fruit (eaten fresh) M. Braverman

(Brazil) Y D.15 Cherry of the Rio Grande Eugenia aggregata

(My ricaceae) D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Brazil Y
D.16 Brazil Cherry Eugenia dombeyi

(My ricaceae) D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Size of cherry Y D.17 Pitomba Eugenia luschnatheanus

(My rtaceae) D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Y D.18 Black Plum Vitex doniana

(Verbenaceae) D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Fruit M. Braver ma n (IR
-4) African plum Y D.19 Apple Rose Rosa villosa

(Rosaceae) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Leaves for tea

MOVE TO GROUP H AI D. 20 Akebia Akebua quinata

(Lardiz abalaceae) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) AI D.21 Amra Spondias mangifera

(Anacardiacea e) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) AI D.22 Appleberry Billardiera scandens

(Pistiaceae) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Australia AI D.23 Arkurbal Wi

llughbeia angustifloia (Apocynaceae) D Fruit M. Braverman (IR
-4) Kubal Madu AI

### Page **74**

ADDITIONS TO PROPOSED CROP GROUP D BY W ORKGROUP # 4 **Common Name** 

### Scientific Name **Group/SG Placemen**  **t Rep Crop**  **Edible Part**  **Person(s) Requestin**  **g Comment** 

**s Validate** 

**: Y/N** SEA GRAPE COCOLOBA UVIFERA D JUJUBE J. CRANE Y CATALEYA GUAVA PSIDIUM CATTLEIANUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y COSTA RICAN GUAVA PSIDIUM

FRIEDRICHSTHALUANUM D GUAVA/PERSIMMON J. CRANE Y PUERTO RICAN GUAVA PSIDIUM

MICROPHYLLUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y WATERROSE APPLE SYZYGIUM AQUEUM D GUAVA J. CRANE Y
WA TERBERRY SYZYGIUM GUINEENSE D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y
LOQUAT ERIOBRYTA JAPONICA D JUJUBE 0R SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y AFRICAN PLUM VITEX DONIANA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y HOGPLUM AMBRA SPONDIUS PINATA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y PARA GUAVA BRITOA ACIDA D GUAVA/PERSIMMON J. CRANE Y HERBERT RIVER CHERRY ANTIDESMA

DALLACHYAMUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY J. CRANE Y
GAOLNUT ANACOLOSA

FRUTESCENS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA SEE WI ERSEM A ARS LIST FOR SN, ETC. AI

BURMESE GRAPE KAPUN DUNG BACCAUREA SP. D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y

### Page **75**

PALMYRA PALM BORASSUS FLABELLIFER D FIG WI ERSEMA Y

PASSIFLORA + HYBRIDS D GUAVA OR PERSIMMON WI ERSEMA Y PHYLLANATUS EMBLICA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y PITHECELLOBIUM DULCE D FIG WI ERSEMA Y PSIDIUM SP. + HYBRIDS D GUAVA OR PERSIMMON WI ERSEMA Y MIRACLE FRUIT SUNSEPALUM

DULCIFICUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y VELVET TAMARIND DIALIUM GUINEENSE D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y

DIALIUM INDUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y DILLENIA PHILIPPENENSIS D AI DISPYROS SP. D GUAVA OR PERSIMMON WI ERSEMA Y EUGENIA SPPS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y AISEN BOSCIA SENEGALENSIS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y ALMONDETTE BUCHANANIA LANZAN D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y CHIRAULI
- NUT BUCHANANIA LATIFOLIA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y CIRUELA VERDE BUNCHOSIA ARMENIACA D GUAVA WI ERSEMA Y CHINESE WH IT E OLIVE CANARIUM SP. D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y KARANDA CARISSA CARANDAS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY Y EGYPTIAN CARISSA CARISSA EDULIS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y COCO PALM CRYSOBALANUS ICACO D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y WA MPI CLAUSENA LANSIUM D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ER SEMA Y JAVA PLUM SYZYGIUM CUMINI D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y TAMARIND OF THE ANDES VANGUERIA

MADAGASCARIENSIS D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y TALLOW OOD XIMENIA AMERICANA D JUJUBE OR SURINAM CHERRY WI ERSEMA Y

### Page **76 Rep. Crop**  **Commod ities**  **Comments** Tropical fruit Lychee,

Banana, Pineapple, Guava or Persimmon (Japanese) Jujube or Surinam Cherry Sugar apple, cherimoya, atemoya, custard apple, ilama, soursop, biriba, paw paw,

Spanish lime, Langsat, Poshte, All species of the genus Annon a and their hybrids, lychee, longan, Spanish lime, rambutan, pulasan, Akee, papaya, star apple, black sapote, mango, horse mango (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) sapodilla, canistel, mamey

sapote, abiu, Ambarella, Mamey apple, Mangosteen, Pom eg ranate, green sapote, Binjai, Wh ite star apple, Satinleaf, Kaffir plum, Manilkara hexandra , Bael fruit, Sun sapote, white sapote ( Casmiroa ) and hybrids of these. Banana (All Musa species and their hybrids), Avocado, Pineapple, jackfruit, durian, breadfrui t, Monstera, Champadek, Marang, Monkey fruit, Screwpine, Pandanus, Jujube, Chinese jujube, Indian jujube, Surinam cherry (All Eugenia spp. and their hybrids), Acerola, Jaboticaba, Purple mombin, Yellow mo mb in, Governor’s Plum, Imbe, Craboo, Jamaica cherry , Bignay, Cajou, Guava berry, Monos plum, Cherry of the Rio Grande, Brazil cherry, Pitomba, Black plum (Vitex doniana), Abyssinian Gooseberry, Ce yl on Gooseberry, Vitex doniana, Florida gooseberry, Kei apple, Maya breadfruit, Chinese white olive, Karanda, E gy ptian carissa, Coco plum, Wa mp i, Aisen, Almondette, Chirauli nut, Galonut, Burmese grape, Kapundung, Phyllanthus emblica, Miracle fruit, Velvet tamarind, Dialium indum, Java plum, Tamarind of the Andes, Tallowood, W aterberry, Loquat, African plum, Hog pl um or Ambra, Herbert river cherry, Seagrape, Cattley guava, Puerto Rican Guava, Figs, dates, carob bean, Pejibaye
- Peach palm, Jelly palm, Sataw, Tamarind and other Palmae fruit, Salak, Palm yra palm fruit, Toddy palm fruit, Pithecellobium dulce

### Page **77** A.Tropi cal fruit inedible peel subgroup Lychee,

Avocado, Banana, Pineapple Sugar apple, cherimoya, atemoya, custard apple, ilama, soursop, biriba, paw paw,

Spanish lime, Langsat, Poshte, All species of the genus Annona and their hybrids, lychee, longan, Spanish lim e, rambutan, pulasan, Akee, papaya, star apple, black sapote, mango, horse mango (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) sapodilla, canistel, mamey

sapote, abiu, Ambarella, Mamey apple, Mangosteen, Pom egranate, green sapote, Binjai, Wh ite star appl e, Satinleaf, Kaffir plum, Manilkara hexandra, Bael fruit, Sun sapote, white sapote ( Casmiroa ) and hy brids of these. Banana (All Musa species and their hybrids), Avocado, Pineapple, jackfruit, durian, breadfruit, Monstera, Champadek, Marang, Monkey fruit, Screwpine, Pandanus Utilizes the smallest rough skin fruit to cover worst case residues plus the two largest consumption fruit to cover all tropical inedible peel fruit. Avocado is still included to cover California and to cover intermediate sized fruit. B. Inedible peel Sugar apple Subgroup Sugar apple Sugar apple, cherimoya, atemoya, custard apple, ilama, soursop, biriba, paw paw, Spanish lime, Langsat, Poshte, All species of the genus Annona and their hybrids Most crops in the Annonaceae; similar gross mo rphology. Inedible peel medium size fruit with rough skin C. Inedible peel Lychee subgroup Lychee Lychee, longan, Spanish lime, rambutan, pulasan, Akee, langsat All crops in the Sapindaceae; inedible peel small size fruit with rough skin (except Spanis h lime) D. Inedible peel except Avocado and Banana subgroup Papaya Papaya, star apple, black sapote, mango, horse mango (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) sapodilla, canistel, mamey sapote, abiu, Ambarella, Mamey apple, Mangosteen, Pomegranate, green sapote, Binjai, W hite star apple, Satinleaf, Kaffir plum, Manilkara hexandra, Bael fruit, Sun sapote, white sapote ( Casmiroa ) and hy brids of these. All crop have inedible peel; smooth skin most corresponds to Codex classification E. Inedible peel smooth skin except Papaya and Banana subgroup Avocado Avocado, black sapote, star apple, canistel, mamey sapote, mango, , horse mango (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) papaya, sapodilla, Ambarella, Mamey apple, Mangosteen Pom egranate, green s apote , Binjai, W hite star apple, Satinleaf, Kaffir plum, Manilkara hexandra, Bael fruit, Sun sapote white sapote ( Casmiroa ) and hybrids of these. NOTE: mamaey sapote and sapodilla do not have a smooth peel, it is scurfy

. All crop have inedible peel; sm ooth skin most corresponds to Codex classification

### Page **78** F. Inedible peel smooth skin except Avocado and Papaya subgroup Banana Banana (All Musa species and their hybrids), black sapote, star apple, canistel, ma me y sapote, mango, , horse mango (all species of Mangifera and their hybrids) papaya, sapodilla, green sapote, Ambarella , ,Mamey apple, Mangosteen Pom egranate, Binjai, Wh ite star apple, Satinleaf, , Bael fruit, Sun sapote, white sapote ( Casmiroa ) and hybrids of these. NOTE: mamaey sapote and sapod illa do not have a smooth peel; it is scurfy. All crop have inedible peel; smooth skin most corresponds to Codex classification
G. Inedible peel Large aggregate fruit subgroup Pineapple Pineapple, jackfruit, durian, breadfruit, Monstera, Champadek, Marang , Monkey fruit, Screwpine, Pandanus All crop have rough, bum py , inedible peel

H. Inedible peel Large aggregate fruit subgroup (except pineapple) Jackfruit Jackfruit, durian, breadfruit, Monstera, Champadek, Marang, Monkey fruit, Screwpine, Pandanus All cro p have inedible peel. Does not include pineapple and is for situations where the use pattern for pineapple does not fit the other crops in the group. I. Edible peel Guava/ Persimmon subgroup Guava or

Persimmon (Japanese) Guava, Para Guava, Costa Rican Guava(All Psidium spp. and their hybrids),

feijoa, jaboticaba, wax jambu, star fruit, passion fruit, ( All Passiflora spp. and their hy brids), Japanese persimmon, common persimmon (All Diospyros spp. and their hy brids), Blimbe, Cashew apple, Imbu, Natal p lum , Otaheite gooseberry, Mountain papaya, Pomerac, Rose apple, Sentul, Marmaladebox, Naranjilla, Noni, Uvalha, Lucmo, Gandaria, Maprang, Mabolo, Ciruela verde, W ater Rose apple Prim arily edible peel; note/peel rarely contaminates Passiflora spp. during ju icing sm ooth skin medium size fruit J. Edible peel Jujube /Surinam cherry subgroup Jujube or

Surinam Cherry Jujube, Chinese jujube, Indian jujube, Surinam cherry (All Eugenia spp. and their hy brids), Acerola, Jaboticaba, Purple mombin, Yellow mombin, Governor’s Plum, Imbe, Craboo, Jamaica cherry , Bignay, Cajou, Guava berry, Monos plum, Cherry of the Rio Grande, Brazil cherry, Pitomba, Black plum (Vitex doniana), Abyssinian Gooseberry, Ceylon Gooseberry, Florida gooseberry, Kei apple, Maya breadfruit, Chinese white olive, Karanda, Egyptian carissa, Coco plum, Wa mp i, Aisen, Alm ondette, Chirauli nut, Galonut, Burmese grape, Kapundung, Phyllanthus em blica, Miracle fruit, Velvet tamarind, Dialium indum, Java plum, Tamarind of the Andes, Tallowood, Wa terber ry , Loquat, African plum, Hog plum or Ambra, Herbert river cherry, Seagrape, Cattley guava, Puerto Rican Guava, star fruit, wax jambu All crops have edible peel or peel used in processing. Small, sm ooth skin

### Page **79** K. Palm and low m oisture fruits subgroup Fig Figs, dates, carob bean, Pejibaye
- Peach palm, Jelly palm, Sataw, Tamarind , Salak, Palm yra palm fruit, Toddy palm fruit, Pithecellobium dulce and all other fruit of the family

Palmae Fruit of low moisture

### Page **80** ATTACHMENT 3

. REFERENCES Kenaga, E.E. Environmental Toxicology of Pesticides, Academic Press, NY, 1972. Machlachlan, D.J. and D. Hamilton. A New T ool for the Evaluation of Crop Residue Trail D ata (day

-zero -plus decline). Food Additives and Contaminants, Vol. 27 (3), p 347

- 364, 2010. Ripley, B.D., G.M. Ritcey, C.R. Harris, M.A. Denomme and L.I. Lissemore, Comoparative Persistence of Pesticides on Selected Cultivars of Specialty Vegetables, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 51, p 1328

- 1335, 2003. Schneider, B.A., How to Best Use and Develop Crop Groups, IR

-4/USDA International Crop Grouping Symposium Proceeding , October 7

- 8, 2002. Sundaram, K.M.S., Influence of Foliar Morphology and Crown Geometry on Insecticide Deposition and Dissipation Following an Aerial Spray over a Mixe d Forest, Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes, Vol.26 (5

- 6), p 601

- 630, 1991.