# Boiler Major Source and Boiler Area

Source Rules Revisions to May 2012 Rule

Briefing for OMB Staf

f October 25, 2012

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# Overview ► 

# Revisions to rules since May 2012 submittal to OMB ► 

# Boiler Major Source rule ► 

# Boiler Area Source rule ► 

# Since the May 2012 submittal, we received new data and analyses from industry.

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# Boiler Major Source Rule: May 2012 Rule **Issue Revision**  1. Applicability Extended exe mption for R&D units to include testing boilers for military vessels . 2. Subcategories 1. Added separate subcategory for fluidized bed units with fluidized bed heat exc hanger (i.e., coal refuse units). 2. Redefined limited use units from <876 hours to <10% annual capacity factor . 3. Emission limits 1. Developed a single PM limit for coal units.

2. Developed a TSM limit for liquid fuel subcategories. 3. Changes to other emission limits based on new and corrected data. 4. Work practices - tune - up requirement 1. Allow delay of inspections for certain situations .

2. Requirement to optimize CO emission to manuf. specs. to also be consistent with an y tune - up requirement Requirement to optimize CO emission to manuf. specs. to also be consistent with an NOx requirements. 3. Allow units with O2 trim system to conduct tune - up every 5 years. 5. Averaging times definitions 1. Changes “30- day rolling average” from 30 operating days to 720 operating hours. 6. Energy assessment 1. Added a cap (not to exceed 160 hours) on on - site technical hours for large fuel use facilities. 2. Added limitation on scope of “energy use system” 3. Exempted facilities operating under an existing energy management program . 7. Startup & shutdown 1. Revised the definitions from based on operating load to based on starting and stopping supplying steam. 2. Required engaging control devices when coal or heavy oil is fired during startup or shutdown. 3 

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# Boiler Major Source Rule: Revisions to the May 2012 Rule **Issue Revision**  1. Emission limits 1. CO limits for several subcategories revised to reflect a threshold level (130 ppm@3% O2). 2. PM limits for new biomass units revised to reflect BTF (0.03 lb/ MMBtu = NSPS). 3. CO CEMS limit for coal stokers revised (from 33 ppm to 340 ppm) based on new CEMS data . 2. Startup & shutdown 1. Revised the work practice to include firing of clean fuel (natural gas, propane, distillate oil, ULSD, fuel oil - soaked rags, kerosene, hydrogen, paper , cardboard, refinery gas, and LPG) during startup. 2. Added biomass and Gas 2 gases to requirement fo r engaging control devices when fired during startup or shutdown. 3. Compliance dates Compliance date for units in Gas 1 (natural gas/refinery gas), limited use, or has heat input capacity < 10 MMBtu /h and subject to the tune - up requirement remains March 21, 2014 (as in March 2011 final rule). 4. Impacts Discussion Revised discussion to include incremental changes to impacts based on amendments. 1. HAP reductions increased by 4,000 tpy 2. HCl reduction increased by 4,600 tpy 3. Mercury reductions decreased by 0.96 tpy 4. PM reduction decreased by 18, 500 tpy 5. Metals reduction decreased by 260 tpy 6. SO2 reductions increased by 50, 100 tpy 7. Capital costs reduced by $1 billion. 8. Annual costs reduced by $0.13 billion. 4 

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# Emission Limits for Existing Major Source Boilers **Subcategory May 2012**  **Final Limits**  **(lb/ MMBtu**  **unless noted) Current**  **Final Limits** **, lb/MMBtu, unless noted**  Hg, lb/TBtu HCl PM CO, ppm (CO CEMS- based) D/F,

ng/dscm Hg,

lb/TBtu HCl PM CO, ppm (CO CEMS- based) D/F Coal stoker 5.7 Solid fuel subcat

. 0.021 Solid fuel subcat . 0.039 160 (33 – 10 day) WP 5.7 Solid fuel subcat . 0.022

Solid fuel subcat . 0.040 160 ( **340 –**  **30 day**) WP Coal fluid. bed with Int. Heat Exchanger- new sub. 0.039 140 (150 – 30 day) WP 0.040 140 (150 – 30 day) WP Coal fluid. bed 0.039 49 (230 – 30 day) WP 0.040 **130** (230- 30 day ) WP Coal PC 0.039 62 (320 – 30 day) WP 0.040 **130** (320- 30 day) WP Biomass wet stoker 0.034 1,500 (720 - 30- day) WP **0.037** 1,500 (720 - 30- day) WP Biomass fuel cell 0.020 1,100 WP 0.020 1,100 WP Biomass fluid. bed 0.11 470 (310 – 30 day) WP 0.11 470 (310 – 30 day) WP 0.18 770 (520 – 10 day) WP Biomass dutch oven **0.28** 770 (520 – 10 day) WP 0.44 2,800 (900 – 30

day) WP Biomass susp./grate 0.44 2,800 (900–30 day) WP Biomass suspension 0.051 2,400 (2,000 – 10 day ) WP 0.051 2,400 (2,000 – 10 day ) WP Biomass dry stoker 0.32 460 WP 0.32 460 WP Heavy liquid 0.49 0.0011 0.062 12 (31 – 10 day ) WP **2.0** 0.0011 0.062 **130** WP Light l iquid 0.49 0.0011 0.0079 6.0 (60 – 1 day) WP **2.0** 0.0011 0.0079 **130** WP Gas 2 7.9 0.0017 0.0067 5.0 WP 7.9 0.0017 0.0067 **130** WP Non - cont. liquid 0.49 0.0011 0.27 32 WP **2.0** 0.0011 0.27 **130** WP 5 

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# Emission Limits for New Major Source Boilers

• **Subcategory May 2012**  **Final Limits,**  **lb/ MMBtu**  **unless noted Current**  **Final Limits** **, lb/MMBtu, unless noted**  Hg, lb/TBtu HCl PM CO, ppm (CO CEMS- Based) D/F Hg, lb/Tbtu HCl PM CO, ppm (CO CEMS- Based) D/F Coal stoker 0.80 Solid fuel subcat. 0.021

Solid fuel subcat. 0.0017 19 (33 – 10 day) WP 0.80 Solid fuel subcat. 0.022

Solid fuel subcat. **0.0011 130**  **(340 -**  **30 day**  ) WP Coal fluid. bed with Int. Heat Exchanger 0.0017 140 (150 – 30 day) WP **0.0011** 140 (150 – 30 day) WP Coal fluid. bed 0.0017 25 (230 – 30 day) WP **0.0011 130**  (230 – 30 day ) WP Coal PC 0.0017 60 (320 – 30 day) WP **0.0011 130**  (320- 30 day) WP Biomass wet stoker 0.034 620 (390 - 30- day) WP **0.030** 620 (390 - 30- day) WP Biomass fuel cell 0.020 910 WP 0.020 910 WP 0.010 230 WP Biomass fluid. Bed 0.0098 230 (310- 30 day) WP 0.010 230

(310 – 30 day) WP Biomass fluid. Bed 0.0098 230 (310- 30 day) WP Biomass dutch oven 0.0031 330 (520 – 10 day) WP 0.0032 330 (520 – 10 day) WP 0.026 1,100 (900 – 30

day) WP Biomass susp./grate 0.026 1,100 (900 – 30 day) WP Biomass suspension 0.051 2,400 (2,000 – 10 day ) WP **0.030** 2,400 (2,000 – 10 day WP Biomass dry stoker 0.32 460 WP **0.030** 460 WP Heavy liquid 0.48 0.00044 0.013 12 (31 – 10 day ) WP 0.48 0.00044 0.013 **130** WP Light liquid 0.48 0.00044 0.0011 3.0 (60 – 1 day) WP 0.48 0.00044 0.0011 **130** WP New gas 2 7.9 0.0017 0.0067 5.0 WP 7.9 0.0017 0.0067 **130** WP New non - cont. liquid 0.48 0.00044 0.023 25 WP 0.48 0.00044 0.023 **130** WP 6 

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# Boiler Area Source Rule: Revisions to the May 2012 Rule **Issue Revision**  1. Existing dual -fuel fired boilers Applicability An existing dual -fuel fired boiler (i.e., commenced construction or reconstruction on or before June 4, 2010) meeting the definition of gas -fired boiler that meets the applicability requirements of subpart JJJJJJ after June 4, 2010 due to a fuel switch from gaseous fuel to solid fossil fuel, biomass, or liquid fuel is considered to be an ex isting source as long as the boiler was designed to accommodate the alternate fuel. 2. Limited - use boilers The limited - use subcategory includes any boiler that burns an y amount of solid or liquid fuels and has a federally enforceable average annual capacity Subcategory factor of no more than 10 percent. Limited - use boilers are not subject to the emission limits, the energy assessment requirements, or the operating limits. Limited - use boilers are required to complete a tune - up every 5 years. 3. Residential boilers Definition A boiler serving a single unit residence dwelling that has since been converted or subdivided into condominiums or apartments may also be considered a residential boiler .

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# Boiler Area Source Rule: Revisions to the May 2012 Rule **Issue Revision**  4. T emporary boilers Definition Any temporary boiler that replaces a temporary boiler at a location within the facility and performs the same or similar function will be included in calculating the consecutive time period unless there is a gap in operation of 12 months or more . A boiler is not a temporary boiler if the equipment is moved from one location to another within the facility but continues to perform the same or similar function and serve the same electricity , steam, and/or hot water system in an attempt to circumvent the residence time requirements of this definition. 5. Initial compliance demonstration Timing for certain boilers Existing boilers located at existing major sources of HAP that become area sources (e.g., limit their potential to emit by making a ph ysical change or taking a permit limit) before the first substantive compliance date for the Major Source Boiler Rule must demonstrate compliance within 180 days of the later of March 21, 2014 or the effective date of becoming an area source. New or reconstructed boilers at existing major sources that become area sources must demonstrate compliance within 180 days of the later of March 21, 2011 or startup. 8 

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# Boiler Area Source Rule: Revisions to the May 2012 Rule **Issue Revision**  Existing boilers that have not operated between the effective date of the rule and the source’s compliance date must: • complete the initial emission limit compliance demonstration no later than 180 days after the re - start of the affected boiler • complete the initial performance tune - up no later than 30 days after the re - start of the affected boiler • complete the energy assessment no later than the compliance date specified in subpart JJJJJJ 6. Tune - up standards Boilers that produce electricity for sale may delay inspections of the burner up standards Continuous compliance timing and requirements fo r certain boilers Boilers that produce electricity for sale may delay inspections of the burner and the system controlling the air-to -fuel ratio until the first outage, not to exceed 36 months from the previous inspection. Optimization of CO emissions should be consistent with an y NOX requirements to which the boiler is subject. 7. PM emission limit Applicability to certain new oil -fired boilers New or reconstructed oil -fired boilers that combust only oil that contains no more than 0.50 weight percent sulfur or a mixture of 0.50 weight percent sulfur oil with other fuels not subject to a PM emission limit under subpart JJJJJJ and that do not use a post- combustion technology (except a wet scrubber) to reduce PM or SO 2 emissions are not subject to the PM emission limit. 9 

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# Boiler Area Source Rule: Revisions to the May 2012 Rule **Issue Revision**  8. Monitoring, installation, operation, and maintenance requirements General clarifications: • Data requirements and 10- day average calculation fo r CO CEMS • Data requirements and 30- day average calculation fo r CPMS • Data requirements and 6 - minute average calculation for COMS 9. Initial notifications Timing for ex isting boilers Existing boilers have until January 20, 2014 to submit their initial notifications. 10. Notification of Compliance General clarifications: Status (NOCS) • Timing • Information and certifications that must be included • Electronic submittal of test data, performance evaluation data, and NOCS 11. Definitions Revision of current definitions and addition of new definitions: • Toreflect changes discussed above • Fo r consistency with Major Source Boiler Rule 12. T ables Clarifications to Emission Limits table and Wo rk Practice Standards, Emission Reduction Measures, and Management Practices table to reflect requirements fo r boilers in new subcategories (e.g., seasonal boilers, limited use boilers, oil -fired boilers with heat input capacity =< than 5 MMBtu / hr , boilers with oxygen trim systems that maintain optimum air-to -fuel ratio). 10 

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