Gila River Indian Community (GRIC) TIP Development Generally Applicable Individual Source Requirements Technical Support Document

MARCH9,2001 

### VERSION

Section 

### VI.D.
- 

### VOCRequirements

1.0 Introduction & Source~escri~tion'~

The generally applicable individual source requirements for volatile organic compounds (VOC)

are intended to cover several subcategories of VOC emitting sources including solvent metal cleaningldegreasing, surface and architectural coating, as well as storage and transfer of volatile liquids. General operating practices for all VOC sources are also included in the regulation. There are numerous VOC emitting sources located on GRIC land that will be covered by this regulation. Currently, most of these sources fall under solvent metal cleaningldegreasing. The pollutant regulated by this portion of the TIP is VOC, although trace amounts of hazardous or toxic 

### air pollutants may also be emitted, however these emissions 

### are not covered by this regulation.
Solvent degreasing (or solvent cleaning) is the process of using organic solvents to remove grease, oils, wax, or soil from various metal, glass, or plastic items. 

### Many facilities on GRIC land conduct some sort of solvent cleaningldegreasing. The majority of these operations are small, simple, batch-type cleaners. Emissions from such sources are small, and these sources are mainly controlled by proper work practices. Larger, or more complex, degreasers have higher emissions and aretherefore often required to apply some sort ofcontrolsto limit VOC emissions.

Surface coating is the application of decorative or protective materials 

### in liquid or powder form to substrates. Coatings normally include general solvent type paints, varnishes, lacquers, and water thinned paints. Surface coating operations include "industrial" and "nonindustrial" applications. Industrial coating applications arethose associated with amanufacturing operation, such 

### as can or other metal coating. Nonindustrial applications include surface coating of architectwai structures and automobile refinishing. Architectural structures can include both industridcommercial structures and nonindustrial structures. VOC emissions from surface coating aremainly dependent on the VOC content ofthe coatingand the method of application.
Storage and handling of volatile liquids also covers a broad range of sources on 

### GRZC land. Volatile liquids include chemicals used in various types of manufacturing, as well as some petroleum products. The loading or transfer of volatile liquids includes activities such as unloading 

### from a delivery vessel into a stationary storage 

### tank 

### and loading tanker trucks or railcars fiom storage vessels at a facility. VOC emissions fiom these sources depend on the liquid involved (e.g., its vapor pressure), the storage container, and how the volatile liquid is handled during loadinglunloadingand disposal.

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 319101 1

### 2.0 GRIC Source Profde
The majority of the VOC emitting sources on GIUC land have relatively low emissions. Most sources will be covered under the general work practice standards for degreasers and proper storage and handling of volatile liquids. The potential exists for future facilities in this source category locating on 

### GRIC land. Thus, the regulation 

### was developed to encompass future

sources as well.

3.0 Technical Review 

## - Emission Units, Pollutants, and Control Technologies

3.1 Emissions and Controls

Emissions from VOC operations depend on the VOC content of the substance, the operating practices implemented during the storage, handling, usage, and disposal of the substance, and any potential controls. Emissions fiom the individual categories covered by this regulation also depend on other factors, such as the application method for surface coating and the amount of solvent canyout for degreasing. There are typically three methods to control VOC emissions from VOC sources: 

### 1) use of a lower VOC-containing material, 2) process changes and improvedwork practices, and 3) add-on control devices.

For the sources covered by this regulation, VOC emissions are generated mostly due to evaporation, thus proper work practices are critical to preventing unnecessary emissions. When a reduction in emissions is required, usually the use of lower VOC-containing materials and/or work practice changes are attempted first. If this approach is not possible or additional emission reductions are required, the application of a system to capture the exhaust 

### in conjunction with add-on controls(e.g., carbon adsorption

### unitsor condensers) becomesnecessary.

3.2 EmissionUnitPollutant Matrix

Emission 

### units and pollutants associated

### with the subcategoriesofVOC sources are presented 

### in Table 3-1.

Table 3-1. Emission UnitPollutant Matrix

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 2

Source Subcategory SolventMetal Cleaning1 Degreasing Surface coating
Storage, transfer, and disposal of VOC EmissionUnit/Process Cold cleaners, open top vapor degteasers, conveyorized degreasers Industrialand nonindustrial coating applications Storage tanks Loadingfunloadingficilities Dis~osal ofVOCs PollutantIParameter VOC, potentiallyHAPS depending on the solvent VOC, potentiallyHAPS depending on the coating VOC, potentiallyHAPS depending on the substance4.0 

### Regulatory Review and ProposedRule Derivation

4.1 Tribal Prograrns/Rules
A comprehensive review ofU.S. tribal air qualityprograms was performed to define the baseline of existing tribal rules and source specific standards. The summary findings of this review are contained 

### in a separate report. Where tribal rules and standards were identified that were applicable to GRIC source categories or met GRIC regulatory objectives, those provisions and requirements 

### are detailed herein.

No tribal programs or rules were identified that pertain to the VOC operations covered in this proposed ordinance.

4.2 Federal Programs and Regulations

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency @PA) has developed several Control Technique Guidelines (CTG) for source types covered by this regulation (various surface coating operations and solvent metal cleaning). These documents discuss how VOCs are emitted and recommend controls to reduce emissions depending on the source 

### type. For example, surface coating operations are controlled primarily by limits on the VOC content. Many State regulations are based on the guidance provided 

### in the CTGs. Consequently, while the individual types of surface coating operations covered in State regulations may seem arbitrary, they follow directly fkomthe categories coveredby the CTGs.

Several New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and one National Emission Standard for Hazardous 

### Air Pollutants (NESHAP) were identified as potentially applicableto the VOC source category.

. The NSPS cover storage vessels and several types of surface coating (e.g., metal fhiture, beverage cans, metal coils). There are three NSPS subpartsthat cover storage vessels, which are broken out by the type of liquid stored and encompass a specific range of dates for applicability. The earlier two subparts (Subparts 

### K and Ka) cover only petroleum liquids, while the most recent subpart (Subpart Kb) covers the broader category of volatile organic liquids, which includes petroleum liquids. Due to the limitations on applicability of the earlier two subparts, only the requirements of SubpartKb are summarized in this TSD.
Currently, no surface coating operations on GRIC land are covered by the specific NSPS subparts for surface coating. Also, there is one facility on GRIC land with a vapor degreaser using trichloroethylene, but it is not a major source of HAPS (i.e., emissions are less than 10tpy for a single 

### HAP and less than 

### 25 tpy for total combined HAPS), so 

### NESHAP Subpart 

### T (for Halogenated Solvent Cleaning) is not applicable. Thus, the requirements containedin the NSPS subparts covering surface coating operations and the halogenated solvent cleaning NESHAP are not summarized as 

### part ofthis TSD.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 3

### 4.3 State/Regional/LocalRegulations

To define State, regional, and local air 

### quality rules applicable to the source categoriespresent or expected to potentially site on GRIC land, representative U.S. State air quality rules were screened using Internet resources. This screening identified each State air quality rule set with



### source specificregulations matching the matrix of GRIC source categories. The summary State rule screening file, STATEMATRKxls, is included in Appendix A of this document. From this, specific rule provisions applicable to the general VOC source category, including emission limitations, standards, monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting were documented to form a baseline of analogous State rules. Because of the broad representation of State/Local rules affectingVOC sources, only a subset ofprograms were reviewed.
State/RegionaULocal rules were selected for consideration in TIP development based on stringency, technical merit (e.g., work practice standards, control options), presentation, and enforceability considerations. The following State/Regional/Localprograms were reviewed:

ArizonaAir 

### Regulations

- 

### Rule R18-2-727: Standards ofPerformance for Spray Painting Operations Maricopa County Air 

### Regulations

- 

### Rule 3 1 

### 5: Spray Coating Operations

- 

### Rule 330: Volatile Organic Compounds

- 

### Rule 33 1: Solvent Cleaning

- 

### Rule 335: Architectural Coatings

- 

### Rule 336: Surface Coating Operations Pinal CountyAir 

### Regulations

- 

### Chapter 4, 

### Article 

### 9: Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions

- 

### Chapter 5, Article 12: Architectural Coatings CaliforniaAir Resources Board

Bay Area 

### Air Quality Management District 

### Air Regulations

- 

### Regulation 8, Rule 4: General Solvent and Surface Coating Operations

- 

### Regulation 8, Rule 16: Solvent Cleaning Operations CaliforniaAir Resources Board

Kern County 

### Air Pollution Control District

- 

### Rule 4 1 3 :

### Organic Liquid Loading California

### Air Resources Board

South Coast Air Quality Management District Air Regulations

- 

### Rule 462: Organic Liquid Loading

- 

### Rule 463 :

### Organic Liquid Storage

- 

### Rule 1

### 113:

### Architectural Coating

- 

### Rule 1122: SolventDegreasers Alabama Air Regulations

- 

### Rule 335-3-6-.03: Loading and Storage ofVOC ColoradoAir 

### Regulations

- 

### Regulation 7, Section 111: General Requirementsfor Storage and Transfer of Volatile Organic Compounds

- 

### Regulation 7, Section 

### IV:Storage ofHighly Volatile Organic Compounds

General VOC TSD-03090 1 Created on 3/9/01 

### 4- Regulation 7, Section V: Disposal ofVolatile Organic Compounds

- Regulation 7, Section 

### M: Surface Coating Operations Delaware Air Regulations

- Regulation 24, Section 33: SolventMetal Cleaning IllinoisAir Regulations

- Subpart

### B: Organic Emissions from Storage and Loading Operations Kansas Air Regulations 

### O Regulation28-19-75: SolventMetal Cleaning Louisiana

### Air Regulations 

### O Chapter 2 1, Section 2 103: Storage ofVolatile Organic Compounds 

### O Chapter 21, Section 2 107: Volatile Organic Compounds 

### - Loading Maine 

### Air Regulations

- Regulation06-096, Chapter 129: Surface Coating Facilities

- Regulation 06-096, Chapter 130: Solvent Degreasers New Jersey Air Regulations

- Regulation 7:27-16.2: Storage ofVolatile Organic Compounds New York Air Regulations

- Part 228: SurfaceCoating Processes North CarolinaAir Regulations

- Rule 2D.0518: Miscellaneous Volatile Organic Compound Emissions

- Rule 2D.0948: VOC Emissions from Transfer Operations OklahomaAir Regulations

- Rule 252: 100-37-1 5: StorageofVOCs

- Rule 252: 100-37-1 6: Loading ofVOCs

- Rule 252: 100-39-42: Metal Cleaning Rhode Island Air Regulations 17 Regulation 36: Control of Emissions from Organic Solvent Cleaning Wisconsin Air Regulations

- Chapter

### NR 419.04: Disposal ofVOC wastes

- ChapterNR 423: Control ofOrganic Compound Emissions from Solvent Cleaning Operations

Relevant emission standards and limitations from these programs are summarized in the next section.

4.4 Analysis of Source Category Emission Limitations and Standards

4.4.1 Summary and Analysis of IdentifiedRules/Standards

In order to evaluate the range of existing tribal, federal, state, and local air quality standards relevant to the VOC source categories and make GRIC 

### TIP recommendations, the available data set was condensed and organized by emission source. Tables 4-1 through 4-5 provide a summary of selected existing standardsfor the VOC source categories. The tables are organized by type of activity 

### as follows:

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 5

### Table 4-1 General VOC Operations Table 4-2 Solvent Cleaning Table 4-3 Surface Coating Table 4-4 Architectural Coating Table 4-5 

### VOC Storage, Transfer, and Disposal

Table 4-1 contains a summary of regulations applicable to general VOC sources. This category is designed to be applicableto sources not covered under specific source category requirements elsewhere in the regulation. General VOC operations coverrequirements for VOC that are more general in nature (i.e., not associated with 

### a specific activity like degreasing or surface coating). These usually include an emission threshold in lb/day or an annual limit. Sourceswith 

### emissions above the threshold are 

### required to reduce their emissions by 

### using lower VOC-containing materials, improved work practices, andlor add-on air pollution control devices.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 6

### Table 4-1. 

### Summary ofEmission Limits and Standards: GeneralVOC Operations

Source Sub-category General Limits on Voc Emission Limits/Standards/Controls
Operations involvingheat: emissions5 15 lb VOCIday fiom any machine, equipment, device, or other article in which VOC or any material containing VOC comes into contact with flame or is evaporated attemperatures exceeding200 degreesF in the presence of oxygen, or reduce as below Non-complying solvents: emissions540 lb VOCJday fiom any machine, equipment, device, or other article for employing, applying, evaporating or drying any noncomplying solventor material containing a non-complying solvent, orreduce as below Process lines: VOC emissionshm any series of machines, equipment,devices, or other articlesthat are designed for processing any item including continuous web(s), strip(s), or wire(s) and use operations described above shallbe collectively subject to the limitations Reduce via incineration (85% overall efficiency), adsorption (85% overall efficiency), using a low VOC material, or equivalentsystem yielding 85% overall efficiency Photochemically reactive solvents OR any emissions unit in which an organic solventor material containing organic solventscomes into contact with flame, or is baked, heatcured, orheat-polymerized in the presence of oxygen: >40 lb VOClday (calculated on a 7-day rolling averagebasis) control emissionsby either a primary control (at least 90% efficiency with incineration,adsorption, or equivalent) or alternative control (case-by-case determination by Control Officer of reasonableconirols forthe source) -
All sources at any one plant site: emissions i40 lblday of photochemically-reactkesolvent fiom any kcle,machine, equipment, or other contrivance used fiom employing, applying, evaporating, or drying any photochemically reactive solvent or substance containing such solventunless the dischargeisreducedby at least 85%by weight If control equipment is installed and operatedthat meets the requirements ofbest available control technology the source shall be exempt fiomthe above requirement Recycled solvents shall be considered non-photochemically reactive ifthe solvents are recycled on-site, the solvents were originally non-photochemically reactive, and allmake-up solvents addedare non-photochemicallyreactive Limitation on operations involvingheat: no emissions >2.5 tons of precursor organic compounds annualized over a calendaryear hm any operationin which organic solventor any material containing organic solvent comesin contactwith flame or is baked, heat cured, or heatpolymerized in the presence of oxygen Limitationon solvents and surface coatings: no emissions> 5 tons of precursor organic compounds annualizedover a calendaryear; can be accomplishedby modifLingprocessing procedures, equipment, andlor materials 

### I Source (Reference) Maricopa County Rule 330

Pinal County Chapter4, Article 9

Bay Area 

# K

Regulation 8, Rule 4

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 319101 7

### Tables 4-2 through 4-5 summarize the regulatory requirements for the source specific categories. They are organized by sub-category with the State regulations listed first alphabetically, followed by Maricopa and Pinal 

### Counties as 

### well as the California districts, as applicable. General operating requirements (e.g., using closed containersto reduce evaporation) are 

### common to various activitiesusing VOCs. 

### In most State rules these provisions are 

### often repeated in each individual regulation for the different source types (e.g., solvent cleaning and surface coating). The requirements are included with 

### the specific source categories in Tables 4-2 through 4-5, but to avoid redundancy the proposed VOC regulation will have these requirements as a separate section applicableto all VOC sources.

Table 4-2 summarizes the requirements for solvent cleaning. The types of solvent cleaning operations covered in most State regulations are based on those covered in the solvent metal cleaning (degreasing) CTG. These include cold cleaners, open top vapor degreasers, and conveyorizedparts cleaners. Emission controls in the CTG encompass equipment specifications, including the use 

### of some control devices, as well as work practice requirements. The State regtllations are similar, although some go beyond the requirements in the CTG. Table 4-2 uses Delaware Regulation 24, Section 33 (Solvent Metal Cleaning) and the CTG as 

### a "baseline," and then 

### highlights individual components of other StateAd regulations that go beyond this 

### baseline.
The application of surface coatings is broken into two categories 

## -- industrial-type surface coating 

### and architectural coating. Both of these source types are 

### usually regulated by a VOC content for the material being applied, but they encompass a different subset of materials. In 

### order to facilitate comparison among the regulations, industrial-type surface coating requirements are 

### provided in Table 4-3 and architectural coating requirements are presented separatelyin 

### Table 4-4.

Table 4-5 includes requirementsfor the storage, transfer, and disposal of VOCs. This coversthe 

### type of storage container as 

### well as methods used when loading and unloading materials containing VOCs. Also included in several regulations are provisions covering the disposal of VOCs. One of 

### the primary methods for VOCs to be emitted is through evaporation and 

### these requirements are aimed at reducing emissionsthrough proper disposaltechniques.

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 8Table 4-2. Summary 

### ofEmission Limits and Standards: SolventCleaning

GeneralVOC TSD-03090 1Created on 31910 1 9 Source (Reference) Delaware Regulation 24 and EPA's Control Technique Guidelines

Kansas Regulation 28-19-75

Maine Regulation 06-096, Chapter 130

Oklahoma Regulation 100-39-42

Rhode Island Regulation 36 EmissionLimits/Standards/Controls

Equip cleanerwith a cover; easily operated with one hand if the solvent true vaporpressure is >0.3 pounds per square inch (psi) (at 100degreesF), is agitated,or is heated Equip with internaldrainage soparts are enclosed while draining if solvent true vapor pressure is >0.6 psi (at 100 degrees F),unless an internaltype will not fit into the existing cleaning system Lfthe solventtrue vapor pressure is > 0.6 psi (at 100degrees F) or if solvent isheated above 120 degrees F, implement one of the following controls:



### - Freeboard that gives a heboard ratio of

## >0.7



### - Water cover at least 1inch deep (solvent insoluble and heavierthan water)



### - Systemofequivalent controls such as a refrigerated chiller

or carbon adsorber Provide a label summarizingthe operating requirements Storewaste solvent in covered containers Close the cover whenever the cleaner is not being used Drain cleaned parts until dripping ceases Ifusing a solvent spray, supplyone that is a solid fluid stream (not a fine, atomized, or shower-type spray) at apressure that is5 10psi gauge Do not degrease materials that areporous or absorbent Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation 24 plus: Do not disposeltransferwaste solvent such that it can evaporate intothe atmosphere Ifthe option for an equivalent control is chosen, the VOC reduction efficiencyofthe system must be 65% or greater Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation 24 plus: When the cover is open, do not exposethe top to drafts

> 131.2 Wmin (asmeasures between 1-2meters upwind and at the same elevation as tank lip) Do not operate the degreaserupon the occurrence of any visible solventleakuntil leak is repaired Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation 24 plus: The coverldoor must be easily operatedwith one hand (regardlessof solvent vapor pressure) Lfthe option for an equivalent control is chosen, the VOC reduction efficiency ofthe system must be 80% or greater Samebasic requirements as Delaware Regulation 24 plus: The attached covermust be easily operated with one hand (regardlessof solvent vapor pressure) Lfthe degreaser is equipped with a lip exhaust, the cover shall be located below the lip exhaust For the control options:



### - The heboard ratio must be 

## >0.75

- The water cover depth must be at least 4 inches The height of solvent shallnot exceed the manufacturer's fillline forthat machine Source Sub-category Cold Cleaning Facilities Pollutant/ Parameter VOC

VOC

VOC

VOC

VOCGeneral VOC TSD-03090 1Created on 31910 1 1 

### 0

----- -

A Source (Reference) Wisconsin Regulation NR 423

Maricopa County Rule 33 1

- Bay Area AQMD Regulation 8, Rule 16

South Coast AQMD Rule 1122 Emission Limits/Standards/Controls

Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation 24 plus: Provide supervision or instruction adequate to ensure that operation is conducted in accord with requirements Repair leaks immediatelyor shut downthe unit Ifthe solventvolatility is >0.3 psia (at 100 degrees F), is agitated, orheated, designthe cover sothat it is either a rolltop, canvas curtain, guillotine (biparting),or any othertype that slides offhorizontally and is designed to be opened1 closed without disturbing the vapor layer or solvent surface Ifthe option for an equivalent control is chosen, it shallbe equivalentto that achieved under a fkeeboard ratio of 1.0 Non-vapor cleaning machines requirethe use of solventswith specified vapor pressures, an emission control system, or a sealed system and:



### - If it has a remote reservoir, it shall be equipped with a sink-like work area or basin sloped suchthat poolingis prevented; a single, unimpeded drain opening or cluster of openings served by a single drain (openin s shall be 

## B contained within a contiguous area < 15.5 in ); and provide a means for drainage of cleaned parts such that the drained solvent isreturned to the cleaning machine



### - If it has an internalreservoir (non-remote), it shall be equipped with an internal drainage rack or other assembly that confines within the fieeboard all solvent dripping fkomparts and returns it to the degreaserhold; have an imperviouscoverthat when closedprevents vapors from escaping (is between solvent and lip exhaust/safety vent) unless using an emission control system; a fkeeboard height of >6 inches unless other standards apply; and a mark locating the maximum allowable solvent level Ifthe solvent is heated above 120 degree F, is nonconforming, or is agitated:

- For remote reservoirs,use a drain stopper or a covering whenever the sinklcabinet is empty


### - For internalreservoirs, either a water cover at least 1inch thick and a fkeeboard > 6 inches above the top ofthe solvent, or a fkeeboard ratio 30.75 and an impervious

cover (ifnon-conforming solventin used, the cover shall be a sliding or rolling type that moves horizontally without disturbingthe vapor zone)



### - For cabinet stylemachines, keep closed at all times when contains solvent, except when work enteringexiting

- Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation24plus: Regardless of vapor pressure, agitation, or whetherheated, apply controls: eitherfkeeboard ratio 2 0.75 and maximum solvent levelmarked; water cover; fieeboard chiller; enclosed design; or controldevice with 390% efficiencyor 5 10 Iblday SolventVOC content 550dl,ifmeet this controls are not required Same basic requirements as DelawareRegulation24 plus: Solvent VOC content5 50 g/l or be used in an air-tight or airless cleaning system Source Sub-category Cold Cleaning Facilities Cont'd. Pollutant/ Parameter VOC

VOC

VOC

VOCGeneral VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 11 Source (Reference) Delaware Regulation 24 and EPA' s Control Technique Guidelines Source Sub-category Vapor Degreasers

VOC Pollutant/ Parameter VOC Emission Limits/Standards/Controls
Equip degreaserwith a cover that can be opened and closed easily without disturbing the vapor zone

= Provide the following safety switches:

- Vapor level thermostat



### - Spray safety switch Implement one of the following controls:



### - Freeboard ratio 20.75, and if degreaser openingis > 1m3,

a powered cover



### - Refrigerated chiller



### - Enclosed design (cover or door opens only when the dry part is actually entering or exitingthe degreaser)

- Carbon adsorption system (with ventilation2 50 

### ff lminlfl? of airlsolvent interface and exhausting <25 parts per million of solvent averaged over 1complete adsorption cycle or 24 hours, whichever is less

- Systemofequivalent control Keep cover closed at all times except when processing work loads through the degreaser

.. . Mmmue solvent carryout Do not degrease materials that are porous or absorbent Do not occupy more that % ofthe degreaser's open-top area with workload Always spray within the vapor level Repair solventleaks immediately,or shutdownthe unit Storewaste solvent only in covered containers

= Operatethe cleaner sothat water cannot be visually detected in solvent exitingthe water separator Use no ventilation fans near the degreaser opening When the cover is open, do not expose the degreaser to drafts

> 13 1ftlmin (as measures between 1-2meters upwind and at the same elevation as tank Lip) If a lip exhaust is used on the open-top vapor degreaser,do not use a ventilation rate 2 65 

### ff /mint& of degreaser open area, unless necessary to meet OSHA requirements Provide a label summarizing the operating requirements Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation 24 plus: Additional safety switches:



### - Condenser coolant flow and high level thennostat switch



### - Solvent level control



### - Sump thermostat Ifthe option for an equivalent control is chosen, the VOC reduction efficiencyof the systemmust be 65% or greater Do not load the degreaserto the point where the vapor level would drop more then 4 inches when workload is removed fiom the vapor zone
= Do not disposeltransferwaste solvent such that it can evaporate into the atmosphere Kansas Regulation 28-19-75Source Sub-category Vapor Degreasers Cont'd. Parameter VOC

VOC

VOC

VOC

VOC Emission LimitslStandardslControls

Same basic requirementsasDelaware Regulation24 plus: If the vapor degreaser is equipped with a lip exhaust, the

cover shallbe located below the lip exhaust Equip the degreaser with a baffle on the windward side Ifthe refrigerated chiller control option is chosen, the chilled air blanket temperature must be 5 30% ofthe solvent's boiling point in degrees F measured at the centroid of the degreaser at the coldestpoint Same basic reauirements asDelawareRealation 24 plus: Ifthe option for an equivalentcon& is chosen, the VOC reduction efficiency ofthe system must be 65% or greater Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation24 plus: Provide supervision or instruction adequateto ensure that operating procedures are followed Equipthe vapor degreaserwith an enclosed design (coverldooronly opens when the dry part is actually enteringlexiting)and designthe cover sothat it is either a rolltop, canvas curtain, guillotine (biparting), or any othertype that slides off horizontally and is designed to be opened1 closed without disturbing the vapor layer or solvent surface; ifthe openingis >2 m', design the cover to be an automated, powered, or mechanically assisted sliding cover Ifthe o~tion for an eauivalent control is chosen, it shallbe eauivafent to that acGevedunder a fieeboard ratio of 1.0 

### ~istartup, turn on therefi-igerated condenserand refrigerated fieeboard chiller either simultaneouslywith or beforethe sumpheater; at shutdown turn off the sump heater either simultaneously with orbefore the refi-igeratedcondenserand refrigerated fieeboardchiller -
Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation24 plus: - 

## 1 Be equipped with a primary condenser (maintainsexit temperature 5 85 degrees F) orrefiigerated condensercoil AND a freeboard ratio2 0.75 Vapor cleaning machines with lip exhausts shall be controlled by an emissioncontrol system As an option to the control requirements in theregulation, a machine can meet the requirements ofthe National Emission Standard for Halogenated Solvent Cleaning (NESHAP, Subpart T) as if it were subject Samebasic requirements asDelaware Regulation24 plus: Ifthe option for an equivalent control is chosen, the control device must be 190%efficiency or emissions5 10Iblday

Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation 24 plus: All open-top vapor degreasers shall be equipped with:



### - Automated parts handling system,

- Circumferential primary condensing coils,

- Circumferential trough,

- Water separator,



### - Freeboard ratio 2 1 .O, AND

- Superheated vapor zone (or a refrigerated freeboard Source (Reference) Maine Regulation 06-096, Chapter 130

Oklahoma Regulation 100-39-42 Wisconsin Regulation NR 423

Maricopa County Rule 331

Bay Area AQMD Regulation 8, Rule 16 South Coast AQMD Rule 1122

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 319101 12Source Sub-category Conveyorized degreasers Pollutant/ Parameter VOC Emission Limits/Standards/Controb

Use no workplace fausnear the degreaser opening, and do not use an exhaust ventilation rate 2 65 ftj/min/ft2of degreaser open area, unless necessary to meet OSHArequirements Install one of the following controls:



### - Rekigerated chiller



### - Carbon adsorption system (with ventilation

## >50

### ff/min/f? of airlsolvent interface and exhausting <25 parts per million of solvent averaged over 1complete adsorption cycle or 24 hours, whichever is less



### - System of equivalent control Equip cleaner with equipment such as a dryingtunnel or rotating (tumbling) basket, sufficienttoprevent carryout Providethe followingsafety switches:

- Condenser flow switch and thermostat



### - Vapor level controlthermostat



### - Spray safety switch Minimize openingsduring operation sothat entrances and exits silhouette workloads with an average clearance between the parts and the edge ofthe degreaseropening <4 inches or 40% of the width ofthe opening Provide downtime covers during shutdown hours, and cover entrances and exits at alltimes when unit is not inuse

.. 

### . Mirumue carryout emissions Storewaste solvent only in covered containers Repair solvent leaks immediatelyor shutdownthe unit Operatethe cleaner sothat water cannot be visually detected in solvent exiting the water separator 

## 1 Do not degrease materials that are porous or absorbent VOC 

### I Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation 24plus: Ifthe option for an equivalentcontrol is chosen, the VOC reduction efficiencyofthe system must be 65% or greater Additional safety switches:



### - Solvent level control



### - Sumpthermostat Do not dispose/trausfer waste solvent such that it can evaporateintothe atmosphere VOC 

## I Same basic requirements as Delaware Regulation 24 plus: Iftherefiigerated chillercontrol option is chosen, the chilled air blanket temperature must be 5 30% ofthe solvent's boiling point in degreesF measured at the centroid ofthe degreaser at the coldestpoint VOC 

## I Same basic requirements asDelaware Regulation24plus: 

# I Provide a label summarizingthe operatingrequirements Ifthe option for an equivalent control is chosen, the VOC

VOC reduction efficiencyifthe system must be 65%or greater 1 Same basic requirements as DelawareRegulation 24 plus: At startup, turn on the refiigerated condenser and rekigerated keeboard chiller either simultaneouslywith or before the sump heater; at shutdownturn off the sump heater either simultaneously with or before the rekigerated condenser and rekigerated keeboard chiller Provide a label summarizing the operating requirementsand supervisionlinstruction to ensure that procedures are followed 

## 1 Source eference
Regulation

EPA's Control Technique Guidelines

Regulation 

# F

Maine Regulation 06-096, Chapter 130 

# r

Regulation 100-39-42

Regulation

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 13General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 14 Source meference) Maricopa County Rule 331

Bay Area AQMD Regulation 8, Rule 16 

### - South Coast AQMD Rule 1122

Kansas Regulation 28-19-75 Maine Regulation 06-096, Chapter 130

Rhode Island Regulation 36 Source Sub-category Conveyorized degreasers Cont'd.

General Operating Requirements Pollutant/ Parameter VOC

VOC

P VOC

VOC

VOC

VOC Emission Limits/Standards/Controls

Same basic requirementsas Delaware Regulation24 plus: As an optionto the control requirementsin the regulation, a machine can meet the requirements ofthe National Emission Standard for Halogenated SolventCleaning (NESHAP, SubpartT) as if it were subject Same basic requirementsas Delaware Regulation24 plus: A £teeboardratio

## >0.75 is also a control device option If the option for an equivalent control is chosen, the control device must be 2 90% efficiency or emissions5 10lbfday Same basic requirementsas Delaware Regulation24 plus: Conveyorized cold cleaners: solventVOC content5 50 gA Conveyorized vapor degreasersshall be equipped with:



### - Automated parts handling system,



### - Circumferential primary condensing coils,


## - Circumferential trough,

- Water separator,


### - Freeboard ratio

## > 1 .O,

- Refrigerated £teeboardchiller,AND



### - Superheatedvapor zone

a Comply within 180days afterthe facility becomes subjectto provisionsofthe regulation
Handling, storage, and disposal of materials containingVOC, including:



### - Vapor-tight containersfor storage of £teshor spent VOC containing materials, and for storage or disposal of clottdpaperimpregnated with VOC used for surface preparation, clean up, or coatingremoval



### - No cleanup of spray equipment with materials containing VOC unless equipmentisused to collect the cleaning compounds and minimize their evaporation

= Equipment covers and dipping or rotating baskets must be constructedofnonporous or nonabsorbentmaterial Covers must form a tight seal with the sides ofthe solvent cleaningmachine and have no gaps or holes Leaks must be repaired immediately or the unit shut down Equipment used in solvent cleaning must display a summary of operatingprocedures consistent with Minimizing emissions

= Spills must be wiped up immediately; wipe rags shallbe stored in covered containers Parts shallbe oriented for best drainage When solventis added to or drained from a solvent cleaning machine it shallbe done using threaded or other leakproof couplings, and the end ofthe pipe in the solvent sump shallbe located beneath the liquid surface Solvent cleaningmachines and related controlequipment shall be maintained asrecommended by the manufacturer Operatorsmust receive training in proper proceduresSource Sub-category General Operating Requirements Cont'd. Pollutant/ Parameter VOC

I

VOC Emission LimitsIStandardslControls
Requirements for wipe cleaning:



### - Place all ragslotherporous materials used to apply solvent in a labeled covered container immediatelyafter use


### - Store waste solvent in a labeled covered container



### - Prevent solvent fiom dripping fiomthe applicator during solvent application

- Install and operate one ofthe following: Vapor collection system including a carbon adsorption system with at least 90% capture and control Solventwith a volatility <0.3 psia (at 100degrees F) Equivalent control system 

## - Provide a label summarizingthe operatingrequirements and supervision/instructionto ensure they are followed All cleaning solvent, including solvent soaked materials, must be kept in closed leakfree containers that are opened only when addingor removing material Store rags used for wipe cleaning in closed containers Label containerswith contents If any cleaning solvent escapes fiom a container wipe up or otherwise remove immediatelyifin accessibleareas, if access is not feasible during normal production, as soon as possible Degreaser should be leakfiee;the VOC-containment portion shall be imperviousto VOC-containing liquid and vapors and

no surface of any fieeboard shall have an openingor duct through which VOC can escape, except as controlled by an emission control device or as required by OSHA Properly maintain and operate cleaningmachine equipment and associated emission controls Unless using a low-VOC cleaner:



### - Do not use comfort fans near cleaning machines



### - Do not remove covers unless processing work or conducting maintenance

- Drain cleaned parts at least 15 seconds or until dripping ceases, whichever is later



### - Ifusing a solvent spray system use only a continuous, undivided stream (not a fine, atomized or shower-type spray) with pressure5 10psig and shall not cause liquid solventto splash outside container



### - Do not cause agitation ofcleaning solvent by sparging with air or other gas; covers shall be placed over ultrasonic cleaners when the cycle exceeds 15seconds



### - Do not place porous or absorbent materials in or on a cleaning machine; no object with sealed wood handle (including a brush) is allowed after 1999

- Ventilation rate shall be 5 65 ft3/min/&, unlessthe rate must be changed to meet a standard specified and certified by a Certified Safety Professional, a Certified IndustrialHygienist, or licensed professional engineer experienced in ventilation,to meet health and safety requirements

- Vertical speed ofmechanical hoists moving parts in and out ofthe cleaningmachine must be 5 11Wmin Source (Reference) Wisconsin Regulation

NR423

Maricopa County Rule

1 331

General VOC TSD-03090 1 Created on 319101 1 5

## I Source 

### 1 ~o~utantl 

### I Emission LimitsIStandardslControls 

## 1 source 

## 1 Sub-category General Operating Requirements Cont'd. Parameter VOC - Prevent cross contamination of regulated solventswith non-regulated;use signs, separatework areas, or other effective means forthis purpose

- Provide a label of operating requirementswithin 3 !A feet of a degreaser or dip tank Solventsused in non-vapor cleaning machines comply with

one of the following, unless it is a low-VOC cleaner:



### - Through October 3 1,2001,vapor pressure <2 mm ofHg

- November 1,2001 & after,vapor pressure < 1mm ofHg



### - Use an emission control systemto capture and process VOC emissionswith at least 85% overallcontrol

- Use a sealed system that is an air-tight or airless cleaning system; operate accordingto manufacturer specifications If an emission control system is used an Operation and MaintenancePlan shall be provided and maintained (Reference) Maricopa County Rule 331 Cont'd.

The next table contains the regulations used to develop the provisions for surface coating operations. Limited surface coating is conducted on GRIC land currently and an increase in activity is not anticipated in the fbture. As mentioned previously, there are numerous NSPS that

cover surface coating operations and the NSPS will be adopted by reference in the GRIC rules. Due to the lack of current activity, the individual NSPS requirements are not summarized here. Instead, the proposed ordinance will be based on requirements in the EPA's Control Technique Guidelines (CTGs) for various types of surface coating. These guidelines are considered Reasonably Available Control Technology (Ib4CT) and most State regulations are based on this guidance. 

### In some instances the NSPS are more stringent or cover source types not covered by the CTGs. Thus, if a new source locates on GRIC land, its VOC emissions would 

### be subject to

anNSPS (and the general requirementsinthis ordinance) that will 

### be protective of

### air quality.

Table 

### 4-3. Summary ofEmission 

### Limits and Standards: Surface Coating

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 16 Source Sub-category VOC Content Requirements Pollutant/ Parameter VOC Emission Limits/Standards/Controls
All requirements are lb VOC/gallon of coating, minus water Automobiles and light-duty trucks:


## - Prime application, flashoffarea, and oven - 1.9 lblgal



### - Topcoat application, flashoffarea, and oven -2.8 lblgal



### - Final repair application, flashoffarehand oven -4.8 lblgal



# . Cans:



### - Sheetbasecoat and over-varnish, two-piece can exterior - 2.8 lblgal



### - Two- and three-piece can interiorbody spray, two-piece

can exterior end -4.2 lblgal


## - Three-piece can side-seam spray -5.5 Iblgal

- End sealing compound -3.7 lblgal Fabrics:



### - Fabric coating line -2.9 lblgal Source (Reference) EPA's Control Technique Guidelines



## - Vinyl coating line -3.8 lblgal Large appliance:


## - Prime, single, ortopcoat application area, flashoffarea, and oven -2.8 lblgalSource 

### I Pollutant/ Sub-category 

## 1 Parameter VOC Content 

### I VOC Requirements Cont'd. Emission Limits/Standards/Controls

Metal coils:

- Prime and topcoat or single coat application -2.6 lblgal Metal furniture:



### - Metal furniturecoatingline -3 lblgal MagnetWire:



### - Wire coating oven - 1.7 lblgal Paper:

- Coatingline -2.9 lblgal Miscellaneousmetal parts and products:



### - Air or forced air-dried items - 3-5lblgal



### - Clearcoat

### -4.3 lblgal


## - No or infrequent colorchanges or smallnumber ofcolors applied: Powder coatings -0.4 lblgal Other -3.O lblgal



### - Outdoor,harsh exposure, or extremeperformance characteristics - 3.5 lblgal



### - Frequetit color changes, large number ofcolors applied, or first coat on untreated ferrous substrate - 3.0 lblgal Flat wood paneling

- Printed hardwood, plywood, and particleboard - equivalentto 1.7 lblgal; 5.7 lblgal minus water and exempt solvents;4.25 lblgal solidsbasis



### - Natural finishedhardwood plywood -equivalentto 3.3 lblgal; 6 lblgalminus water and exempt solvents; 6 lblgal solidsbasis



### - Class I1 finishes forhardboard paneling -equivalentto 2.8 lblgal; 7 lblgal minus water and exempt solvents; 7 lblgal solids basisMinimize organic solvent emissions; other than architectural coating and spotpainting, conduct spray painting operations in an enclosed area equipped with controls containing at least

- - 96% of the overspray Do not use or operate any spray painting or spray coating equipment unless one ofthe following is met:

- Spray coating equipment is operated inside an enclosure which has at least 3 sides a minimum of 8 feethigh and able to containthe object@) being coated; spray is directed in a horizontal or downward pointing manner so overspray is directed at the walls or floor; for enclosureswith 3 sides and a roof or complete enclosures, spray is directed into the enclosure so overspray is directed away from any opening;no spraying within 3 feet of any open end andlor within 2 feet ofthe top ofthe enclosure

- Any spraybooth or enclosurewith forced air exhaust must have a filtering systemwith an average overspray removal efficiency of at least 92% (by weight forthe type of material being sprayed); no gaps, sags, or holes may be present in the filters and all exhaust must be dischargedto the atmosphere; spraybooths or enclosures using a water curtain, waterfall, or othermeans to capture particulates in

a liquid medium shalleffectively remove 392% ofthe overspray andbe operated accordingto the manufkcturer Source (Reference) EPA7s Control Technique Guidelines Cont'd.

Arizona Rule R18-2-727

Maricopa County Rule 315

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 17Source Sub-category Application Techniques Cont'd.

Material Containing VOC: Cleanup, Handling, and Disposal Pollutant1 

### I Emission Limits/Standards/Controls Parameter VOC

VOC

VOC

VOC One ofthe followingmethods wilIbe used for all applications of surface coatingcontaining >2 lb VOClgal(240

# a):

- Low pressure spraygun


### - Electrostatic system



### - Systemthat atomizes principally by hydraulic pressure, including "airless" and "air assisted airless"



### - Non-atomizing or non-spraying applicationmethods (e.g., dipping, rolling, brushing)



### - Any method approvedby the Administrator of the Federal EPA and the Control Officer ashaving a transfer

- efficiency of 365% ImDlement controltechniques and work practices at a11 times to ;educe VOC emissionshorn fugitive sources; control techniques and work practices include,but arenot limitedto:



### - Tight-fitting coversfor open tanks



### - Covered containers for solventwiping cloths



### - Proper disposal of dirty cleanup solvent Emissions oforganic material released during clean-up operations, disposal, and other fugitiveemissions shallbe includedwhen determiningtotal emissions (unless documentedthat VOCs are collected and disposed in a
mannerthat prevents evaporation to the atmosphere) Use vapor-tight containem for storageof spentlfieshVOC and for sto&e/disposal ofcloth or paper impregnatedwith VOC used for surface preparation, cleanup, or coatingremoval VOC is prohibited for cleanup operations unless equipment is used to collect cleaning compounds and minimize evaporation Ownerloperatorof surfacecoatingunit, line, or operation shallcomply with the following work practice standards:



### - Spray gun cleaning -collect all organic solvent used to clean spray guns into a normally closed container

- Line cleaning -pump or drain all organic solvent used for line cleaninginto a normally closed container

- Spray booth cleaning -do not use compounds containing

more than 8% by weight VOC for cleaningcomponents other than conveyors,continuouscoatersandtheir enclosures, andlormetal filters (unlessbooth is being refurbished -use 5 1gallon of organic solventto prepare the booth prior to applyingthe booth coating)

- Washoff operations

-control emissions by using normally closed tanks for washoffand minimize dripping by tillkglrotating, part to drain Do not use open containersto storeldisposeofcloth or paper impregnatedwith VOC andlor solventsused for surface preparation, cleanup, or coatingremoval Do not store spenttfieshVOC andlor solventto be used for surface preparation, cleanup, or coatingremoval in open containers Do not use VOC andlor solvents to cleanup spray equipment unless the cleaning compounds are collected and evaporation minimized Source (Reference) Maricopa County Rule 336

Colorado Regulation 7, SectionM

Maine Regulation 06-096, Chapter 129

New Yo* Part 228

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 31910 1 1 8Material Containing VOC: Cleanup, Handling, and Disposal Cont'd VOC

VOC inspectionprocedures require operational access;this doesnot apply to the device or equipment used for application Do not use open containersto storeJdispose of spent surface coatings, spent VOCs, andlor solvents Whenusing VOCcontainingmaterial to clean application equipment:



### - Disassembleany spray gun and other application equipment and clean it in a containerthatremains covered atall times (exceptwhen equipment is handled in the container) or a commercially-sold gun cleaning machine



### - Use only solventthat asused has a VOC-vaporpressure <35 mm Hg (at 68 degrees F), except for sprayless equipment when the same principal solventis used for cleaning as is used in the coating Coverand keep covered each VOC-containing material not in
use; store finishing and cleaning materials in closed or covered leak-fiee containers Storeall VOC-containingmaterials intendedfor disposal, includingbut not limited to, rags, waste coatings, waste brushes, waste rollers, waste applicators,waste solvents, and their residues, in closed, labeled, leak-free containers; keep covered when not in use New York Part 228 Cont'd.

Maricopa County Rule 336

GeneralVOC TSD-03090 1 Createdon 31910 1 

### 19

### Table 4-4. 

### Summary of EmissionLimits and Standards:ArchitecturalCoating



### I Source 

# I sub-category

VOC Content Pollutant/ Parameter Voc

VOC Emission Limits/Standards/ControIs

No person shall employ, apply, evaporate, or dry any architectural coating containing photochemically reactive solventsfor industrial or commercial purposes No person shallthin or dilute any architectural coating with a photochemidyreactive solvent No person shall apply, sell, offer for sale, or manufacturefor sale any architecturalcoatingthat isrecommended foruse as
a bi&ous pavement sealer unless it is an emulsion type co*
= No person shall apply, sell, offer for sale, or manufacture for sale any non-flat or flat architecturalcoatingthat contains

>2.1 lbs (250gA)of VOC per gallon of coating, excluding water and any colorant addedto tint bases No person shall apply, sell, offer for sale, or manufacture for sale any architectural coatingthat exceedsthe following limits (expressedinpounds ofVOC per gallon of coating as applied, excludingwater and any colorant added to tint bases): Concrete Curing Compounds 

## - 2.9 Dry Fog Coating: Flat 

### - 3.5 Non-flat 

### - 3.3 Enamel Undercoaters 

### - 2.9 General Primers, Sealers and Undercoaters 

### - 2.9 Industrial Maintenance Primers and Topcoats

### - 3.5 Alkyds, CatalyzedEpoxy, Bituminous Coating Materials, Inorganic Polymers, Vinyl Chloride Polymers, ChlorinatedRubbers, Acrylic Polymers, Urethane Polymers, Silicones, and Unique Vehicles Lacquers - 5.7 Opaque Stains

### - 2.9 Wood Preservatives- 2.9 QuickDry Enamels 

### - 3.3 RoofC~atings 

### - 2.5 Semi-transparent Stains

### - 2.9 Semi-transparent and Clear Wood Preservatives

### - 2.9 Opaque Wood Preservatives

### - 2.9 SpecialtyFlat Products 

### - 3.3 SpecialtyPrimers, Sealers & Undercoaters

### - 2.9 Traffic Coatings Applied to Public Streetsand Highways

## - 2.1 Applied to other Surfaces - 2.1 Black Trafiic Coatings

### - 2.1 Varnishes 

### -2.9 WaterproofMastic Coating

## - 2.5 WaterproofSealers

### - 3.3 Exemptions include architectural coatingsrecommended by the manufacturerfor use solely asbelow ground wood preservative coatings, bond breakers, fireretardant coatings, graphicarts coatings (sign paints), mastic texture coatings, metallicpigmented coatings, multi-coloredpaints, quick-dry primers, sealers and undercoaters, shellacs, swimming pool paints, or tile-like glaze coatings. Source (Reference) Arizona Rule R18-2-727; Pinal County Chapter 5 Article 12 Maricopa County Rule 335

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 20Source Sub-category VOC Content Cont'd. Pollutant/ Parameter Voc EmissionLimits/Standards/Controls

No person shall supply, sell, offer for sale, manufacture, blend, orrepackage any architectural coating that atthe time of sale ormanufacture, containsmore than 250 grams ofVOC per liter ofcoating (2.08 pounds per gallon), less water, less exemptcompounds, and less any colorantadded totint bases, and noperson shall apply or solicitthe application of any architectural coatingthat exceeds 250 g VOCA ofcoating No person shall supply, sell, offer for sale, manufacture, blend, orrepackage any architecturalcoatingthat contains VOC (g VOCA; excluding any colorantaddedto tint bases) in

excess ofthe following (effective 1/1/99): Bond Breakers - 350 Chemical StorageTank Coatings - 420 ClearWood Finishes: Varnish - 350 Sanding Sealers - 350 Lacquer - 550 Concrete-Curing Compounds - 350 Dry-Fog Coatings - 400 Essential Public Service Coating -420 Fire-proofingExterior Coatings - 350 Fire-Retardant Coatings: Clear - 650 Pigmented 

### - 350 Flats - 250 Floor Coatings

### - 420 GraphicArts (Sign)Coatings - 500 Industrial Maintenance Coatings -420 JapansIFaw Finishing Coatings - 350 Magnesite Cement Coatings -450 Mastic Coatings - 300 Metallic Pigmented Coatings - 500 Multi-Color Coatings -250 Non-Flat Coatings - 250 Pigmented Lacquer -550 Re-Treatment Wash Primers -780 Primers, Sealers, and Undercoaters - 350 Quick-Dry Enamels -400 Quick-Dry Primers, Sealers,and Undercoaters - 350 Recycled Coatings - 250 Roof Coatings -250 Bituminous RoofCoatings - 300 Rust Preventative Coatings -400 Shellac: Clear - 730 Pigment -550 Specialty Primers - 350 Stains - 350 SwimmingPool Coatings: Repair - 650 Other -340 TraflicCoatings - 150 Waterproofing Sealers : Wood - 400 Concrete/Masonty

- 400 Wood Preservatives: Below-Ground - 350 Other - 350 Source

Rule 1113

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 2 1

### Table

### 4-5. Summary ofEmission Limits and Standards:VOC Storage, Transfer, and Disposal

Sub-category Storage Source 

### 1 pollutant/ 

### 1 Emission Limits/Standards/Con trols 

## 1 Parameter VOC Source

VOC

VOC

VOC

Other equipment of equal efficiency Applicability: 250 -40,000 galloa and vaporpressure

## > 1.5

- - - psia at storage conditions



### - Design and equip tank,reservoir, or other container with a submergedfillpipe or a vapor loss control system (overall control2 95%); or a pressuretank Applicability: >40,000 gallons and vapor pressure 2 1.5 psia

- Pressuretank; or designed and equipped with a submerged fillpipe and vapor loss control device (internal floating roof, external floatingroof, vapor loss control system)



### - Vapor loss control system if the vapor pressure 2 11.0 psia Pressure vessels desigried to operate >204.9 kPa are exempt Applicability: design capacity240,000 gallons and vapor pressure as stored20.75 to 11.1pounds per square inch absolute (psia), or 219,8 15to 40,000 gallons and vapor pressure24 to 11.1 psia



### - Fixed roof with internal floatingroof,



### - External floatingroof,



### - Closed vent system and controldevice (reduce inletVOC emissions 2 95%), or



### - Equivalent system Applicability: L 19,81 5 gallons and vapor pressure 2 11.1 psia



### - Closed vent system and control device (reduceinletVOC emissions 

### 2 95%), or


### - Equivalent system Applicability: VOCs with true vapor pressure 2 1.5 psia under storage conditionsand vessels > 1,000gallons



### - Pressure tank,or


### - Equip with one ofthe following vapor loss controldevices: Permanent submergedfillpipe Floating roof, unless vapor pressure 1 11.0 psia Vapor recovery system (vapor gatheringand disposal system) Other equipment of equal efficiency Maintain and operate storagetanks andrelated equipment (e.g., gauging devices, accesses, seals, hatches) to prevent detectablevapor loss; when opened, actuated, orused for necessary andproper activities (e.g., maintenance) limit so as to minimize vapor loss VOC with vapor pressure > 11.0 psia shallbe storedin a pressuretank or with methodslequipmentapprovedby the

- - - - Division in writing Applicability: Volatile organic liquid vapor pressure22.5 psia (at 70 degreesF) or gaseous organic material in any stationary tank,reservoir, or other container >40,000 gallons

- ~ressire tank, or -



### - ~~d~ with one ofthe following vapor loss controldevices: Floating roof, unless vaporpressure 2 12.5 psia Vapor recovery system -vapor gatheringsystem capable ofcollecting 2 85% ofthe uncontrolled volatile organic material and a disposal system Performance Standard (NSPS) SubpartKb

Note: Subparts K and Ka only applyto petroleum liquids

Alabama 

### hie 335-3-6-.03

Colorado Regulation 7, Sections

## m 

# /--

and IV

Illinois subpartB, Section 

# I--

Louisiana Chapter2 1, $2103

GeneralVOC TSD-03090 1 Createdon 3/9/01 22Source Sub-category Storage Cont'd.

Loading VOC



### - Equip with apermanent submergedfillpipe or a vapor recovery system Applicability: >40,000 gallons



### - Pressure vessel; or equip with one of the following vapor loss control devices: external floating roofor a fixedroof with internal floatingroof (unless vaporpressure 1 1 1.1 psia); vapor recovery system

### - vapor gathering system capable of collecting 2 85%ofthe uncontrolled VOCs Pollutant/ Parameter VOC

and a vapor disposal system; or equivalent equipment Applicability: 2 39,630 gallons and vapor pressure 20.5 psia an equivalentmethod of emissioncontrol isused Applicability: 2400 gallons

and > 19,815 gallons and vapor pressure 2 1.5psia



### - Pressuretank; or designedand equippedwith a one ofthe following vapor control devices: external floatingroof, or internal floating-type cover (unless vapor pressure2 11 psia); vapor recovery system (efficiency 395% by weight) Emission Limits/Standards/Controls

No storage in any stationary storagetank with capacity

- >2,000 gallons exposed to the rays ofthe sun unless the external surfaceofthe tank is minted and maintainedwhite or

Oklahoma

Conduct self-inspections oftankswith floatingroo& All VOCs transferred to any tank, container, or vehicle Source (Reference) New Jersey Rule 7:27- 16.2

compartmentwith capacity 156 gallons shall use submerged

orbottom filling equipment No discharge > 8 lb/hr organic material duringloading hm the aggregateloading pipes ofany loading facility with throughput>40,000gallondday into any railroad tank car, tanktruck, or trailerunless equipped with submerged loading pipes, submerged fill, or device of equal efficiency No loading ofany organic material into any stationarytank

>250 gallons unless equipped with apermanent submerged loading pipe, submergedfill, or equivalentdevice If no odor nuisance, appliesonly vapor pressure 12.5psia Applicability: vapor pressure 1 1.5 psia at loading conditions, facilities servicingtanks,trucks, or trailers with capacities

>200 gallons, andthroughput220,000 gallonsfdayfor operations constructed after May 20,1979, or 140,000 gallonslday forthose constructed before May 20, 1979



### - Equip with vapor collection system -at a minimum will consist of a vaDor return line which returns all vam displaceddwi& loadingto the dispensing vesselr a disposal system; disposal system will have a destruction1 removal efficiency of2 90%



### - Make provisions to prevent spills duringthe attachment and disconnection of fillinglines or arms

- No liquid or gaseous leaks during loading or unloading operations; discontinue affected line immediatelywhen a leak is observedand do not resume until repaired No loading >20,000 gallonsfday any VOC with vapor pressure 2 1.5 psia under actud conditions into a6tanktruck, trailer, or railroad tankcar, unless uses submerged loadingthrough boom loaders that extend down into the compartment or by other methods at least as efficient Regulation 100-37-15



### I South Coast

AQMD Rule 463

Regulation 7,

SubpartB, Section 215.122

Louisiana 

# C

Chapter21, $2107

Carolina Section .0948

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 23General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 24 Source (Reference) Oklahoma Regulation 100-37-16

Kern County APCD Rule 413

South Coast AQMD Rule 462

Colorado Regulation7, SectionV

Wisconsin ChapterNR 4 19.04 Source Sub-category Loading Cont'd.

Disposal Pollutant/ Parameter VOC

VOC

VOC

VOC

VOC Emission Limits/Standards/Controls

Applicability: VOC loading facility with throughput >40,000 gallonsldayfrom its aggregate loading pipes



### - Vapor collectionand disposal system, unless all tank trucks or trailers arebottom loaded with hatches closed



### - Provide a means to prevent VOC drainage from the loading device when it isremoved from any tanktruck or trailer, or accomplishcomplete drainage before removal Applicability: VOC loading facility with an aggregate throughput540,000 galloddayand tanktruck or trailer capacity >200 gallons



### - Each loading pipe shall be equippedwith a system for submerged fillingoftank trucks and trailers (installed and operatedtomaintain a 97% submergencefactor) Applicability: organic liquid loading 2 4,000 galloddayand vapor pressure

## > 1.5 psia at actual loading temperature

- Emissions limit for loading facility with throughput 

## >20,000 gallodday into tanktrucks, trailers, or railroad tank cars -0.08 lb/l,oOO gallons loaded, bottom loading and vapor collection and disposal



### - Emission limitfor loading facilitywith throughput4,000
to 20,000 gallonslday into tanktrucks, trailers, or railroad tankcars -95% combinedcollection/disposalefficiency



### - Loading and vapor collection equipment shall be designed, installed, maintained, and operated without leaks or excess organic liquid drainage at disconnections Applicability: vaporpressure

## > 1.5 psia (actual loadingtemp.)



### - Equip facilitywith throughput 120,000 gallodday of organic liquids into any 

### tanktruck, trailer, or railroadtank

car with vaporrecovery andlordisposal system; equip each systemwith a continuous monitoring system (CMS); vent displaced organicvapors under design conditionsto vapor recovery andlordisposal system;reduce VOC emissionsto
<0.08 Ib/ 1,000gallons - 

### - Transferequipment shall be operated and maintained so there areno overfills, facility vapor leaks , liquid leaks, or liquid leaks from disconnect operations



### - Switch loading isprohibited except at facilitiesthat load < 4,000 gallons of gasoline/dayand < 500,000 gallonslyr No disposal ofVOCs by evaporation or spillage unless Reasonably Available Control Technology is used No intentional spilling, discarding in sewers, storagein open containers, or disposal of gasoline in a manner that would result in evaporation atbulk gasoline terminals, bulk gasoline plants, or gasoline dispensingfacilities Do not dispose in any one day > 1.5 gallons of any liquid VOC waste, or of any liquid, semisolid, or solid waste materials containing> 1.5 gallons of any VOC in a manner that wouldpermit evaporation duringthe ozone season Duringthe ozone season, disposal shall be by methods approvedby the Department (such as incineration, recovery for reuse, ortransfer in closed containersto an acceptable disposal facility) suchthat VOC evaporation is 5 15%by weight or 1.5gallons in one day, whicheveris larger4.4.2 Derivation ofProposed GRIC Source Category Limits/Standards

The derivation of the VOC rule provisions was as follows:

There is some variability between State regulations covering VOC source categories, however, most State regulations are quite consistent, with the California districts typically being the most stringent. For those source categories for which CTG documents exist, most State regulations



### are based on these provisions. Due to this similar approach nationally, decisions on what to include in the proposed ordinance were made mostly based on clarity of the regulatory language and the ease of understanding. The requirements are kept consistent with the Maricopa andfor Pinal County regulations, as appropriate. The basis for each section is discussed fiutherbelow.

Section 

### 1.0 -General Limitations and Standards
Several State regulations include a generic VOC rule that is designed to cover those VOCemitting processes not specifically regulated in other sections of their regulations. Table 4-1 includes examples of the requirements contained in several of these regulations, including those for Maricopa and 

### Pinal Couqties. The format and content of the regulations are quite similar 

### with the main difference being the stringency ofthe lb/day ortpy limits. The limitsproposed are based on those fiom the Maricopa County regulation because it provides more specific applicability requirements.

Section 2.0 

### -General OperatingRequirements

This section is intended to cover all sources of VOC in order to provide standard operating procedures for the handling and use of VOC-containing materials. The requirements are included in a separate section to avoid repeating requirements in the specific source category regulations and to cover the entirepopulation of sources. Most State rules include these types of requirements, either in a separate section or in the individual source specific sections, thus the proposed requirements are based on several different State/local regulations and were chosen for language clarity and ease of understanding.

Section 3.0 - Solvent Cleaning

A CTG document exists for solvent cleaning, thus, State regulations are quite similar in their requirements for this source category. Table 4-2 uses the CTG and the regulations fiom the State of Delaware as a baseline, with differencescontained in other Stateregulations highlighted. The requirements in the CTG are considered Reasonably Available Control Technology @ACT)- level controls, thus this level of control is proposed. Once again, due to the similarity in State regulations, the proposed requirements are based on a compilation of StateAocal regulations chosen for clarity. Also, the work practice requirements for wipe cleaning included in the proposed ordinance arebased on the StateofWisconsin's regulation.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 25Section 

### 4.0 - Surface Coating

Surface coating requirements are typically a limitation on the VOC content of individual coatings. Some industries require certain specifications for coating performance, thus, a single "one-size-fits-all" limit that covers all categories of surface coating is not practicable. As a result, numerous CTG documents have been developed based on specific types of surface coatings. The CTG requirements represent RACT and most State regulations are based on the CTG, thus there is similarity among the universe of surface coating regulations. The main difference is how VOC content is determined (i.e., not including water and/or exempt compounds).

The basis for the proposed surface coating section is primarily the Maricopa County rule, In order to include surface coating operations that could potentially locate on GRIC land in the 

### future, additional regulations were consulted. The regulations for Maine and Alabama were used due to their format and ease of understanding, All three regulations are based on the CTG documents and include a different list of surface coating operations with some overlap. The provisions for application methods and controls for spray coating are based on the Maricopa and Pinal County requirements.

Section

### 5.0 -Architectural Coating
Architectural coatings are usually treated separately fiom other surface coating operations. Table 4-4 includes regulations fiom the State of Arizona, as well as Maricopa and Pinal Counties. The Maricopa County and South Coast AQMD rules include an extensive list of coatings with limits on VOC content. There is limited architectural coating on GRIC land, thus the proposed requirements are based on the more concise, yet still protective, State of Arizona and Pinal County regulations.

Section

### 6.0 -VOC Storage and Transfer

Most Stateregulations include restrictions on VOC handling, storage, transfer, and disposal. The requirements for handling and disposal of VOC-containing materials are covered under Section 

### 2.0. The main variability between State regulations is among applicability provisions such as vessel size and vapor pressure cutoffs. The Maricopa County regulations limit applicability to bulk plants and terminals, however it was determined that requirements for storage and transfer, such 

### as submerged fill pipes, should have broader applicability for the proposed ordinance. The State regulations were investigated to determine reasonable size cutoffs, and a vapor pressure cutoff was included based on the volatility of VOC-containing substances below the threshold. The proposed requirements are primarily based on the regulations from the States of Louisiana and Oklahoma due to the level of control required without being unduly cumbersome.

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 

### 265.0 Proposed GRIC GeneralVOC Rule Provisions (Section

### VI.D, VOC Requirements)

5.1 Applicability

The provisions of Rule 

### 1 apply to sources emitting VOC, including, but not limited to general VOC sources, solvent degreasers, surface and architectural coating operations, and the storage and transfer of VOCs. Compliance with the provisions of this rule shall not relieve any person subjectto the requirements ofthis rule from complying with any other federally enforceableNew Source Perfbrmance Standardsor National Emission Standards for HazardousAir Pollutants. In such case, the more stringent standard shall apply.

5.2 Definitions

Adhesive means a material used for the primary purpose of bonding two or more surfaces together. Aerosol can means a non-refillable hand-held container from which a product is dispensed by

means ofpressurizedpropellant packaged 

### within the container. AgitatiodAgitated means a state that moves cleaning liquid continuously back and forth, or up and down. This includes such motion created by sound waves, and to the splashing of a rinse stream operated at a pressure that creates a trajectory exceeding 2 feet along the horizontal plane intersecting the nozzle when the nozzle is at a 

### 45 degree angle above the plane. Liquid motion incidental to a continuousentrance or withdrawal of objectsundergoing is not agitation. Air/solvent interface means the surface 

### area defined by points of contact between the solvent liquid or vapor in the solvent cleaner and the surrounding 

### air. Appurtenance means an accessory to a stationary structure, including, but not limited to, hand railings, cabinets, bathroom and kitchen fixtures, fences, rain-gutters and down-spouts, window screens, lamp-posts, heating and 

### air conditioning equipment, other mechanical equipment, large fixed stationary tools, signs, and concreteforms. Architectural coating means a coating used commercially or industrially for residential, commercial, or industrial buildings and their appurtenances, structural steel and other fabricationssuch as, but not limited to, storage

### tanks, bridges, beams, and girders. Bafle means a vertical sheet of material placed along the top ofthe solvent cleanerto shield the solvent cleaner hm drafts. Batch-loaded means material placed in a nonconveyorized container for cleaning. Carry-out means solvent carried out of the cleaning machine along with a part being removed from the cleaning machine. The solvent may exist as a liquid coating the part or the part's hanger, or 

### as a liquid entrapped in cavities and irregular surfaces, or entrapped by capillary action within or on the part. Cleaning-solvent means solventused for cleaning that contains more 

### than 2.0% VOC by weight and more than 20 grams ofVOC per liter (0.17 lb/gal). Coating means a material applied in a thin layer to a surface as a protective, decorative, or fimctional film. This term often refers to paints such as lacquers or enamels, but also refers to films applied to other materials such as varnishes, sealants, adhesives, inks, maskants, and temporary protective coatings. Such materials include, but are not limited to, paints, varnishes, sealants, adhesives, inks, maskants, and temporary protective coatings.

General VOC TSD-03090 1Created on 31910 1 27Coating unit means a series of one or more coating applicators and any associated drying area or
oven wherein a coating is applied, dried, or cured. 

### A coating unit ends at 

### the point where the coatingis dried or cured, or prior to any subsequent application of a different coating. 

### A surface coating operation does not require an oven or flashoff area in order to be included in this definition. Cold cleaning degreaser means an apparatus used to clean and remove soil fiom surfaces through a batch process by spraying, brushing, flushing, or immersion while maintaining the solvent below its boiling point. Control device means equipment used to reduce, by destruction or removal, the amount of 

### air pollutant(s) in an 

### air stream prior to discharge to the ambient air. Conveyorized degreaser means an apparatus used to clean and remove soil fiom a continuous stream ofpartsusing either cold or vaporized solvents. Day means a period of 24 consecutive hours beginning at midnight. Degreaser seesolvent cleaner. Drying tunnel means an add-on enclosure extending from the exit area of a conveyorized degreaserthat reduces carry-out lossesby containing evaporating solvent. Dry solid means any substance that appears and feels 

### dry and that shatters or pulverizes when struckwith a hard object. Evaporating solids, all of which have a strong odor, arenot included. Electrostatic system means a method of applying atomized paint by electrically charging the coating and the object being coated with opposing charges. 

### A higher proportion of the coating reaches and coats the object than would occur in the absence of a charge. Emission control system (ECs)means a system designed and operated in accordance with good engineering practice to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds. Such systemconsistsof

an emissions collection subsytemand an emissions processing subsystem. Exempt compounds mean the non-VOC, evaporating portion of a coating formulation; this necessarily includes all non-precursor organic compounds, as well as water and other inorganic liquidsand gases. FlashoHarea means the spacebetween the coating application area and the oven. Freeboard height means, for a cold cleaner, the distance fiom the liquid solvent level in the cold cleaning degreaser 

### tankto the lip of the 

### tank. For an open-top vapor degreaser, it is the distance fiomthe vapor level in the 

### tank during idlingto the lip ofthe 

### tank. For a conveyorized degreaser using vaporized solvents, it is the distance fiom the vapor level to the bottom of the entrance or exit opening, whichever is lower. For a conveyorized degreaser using cold solvents, it is the distance fiom the liquid solvent level to the bottom of the entrance or exit opening, whichever is lower. Freeboard ratio means the freeboard height divided by the smaller interior dimension (length, width, or diameter) ofthe solvent cleaner 

### tank. Leak means that state or condition in which a cleaning-solvent is allowed to seep or drip, or otherwise enters or escapes, at either 

### 3 or more drops per minute or a puddle of cleaning-solvent greater than 

### 1 squareinch. Leakproof coupling means a threaded or other type of coupling that prevents solvents fiom leaking while filling or draining solventto and fiom the solvent cleaner. Lip exhaust means a systemthat collects solvent vapors escaping fiomthe top ofthe cleaner. LOW pressure spray gun means an air-atomized spray 

### gun that, by design, hctions best at tip pressures below 

### 10 psig (516 mrn Hg) and for which the manufacturer makes no claims to the public that the gun can be used effectively above 12 psig (619 mm Hg). Measurement of air

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 28pressure at the center of the spray gun tip and air horns of an air-atomizing spray gun shall be performed using an attachable device in proper working order supplied by the gun's manufacturer forperforming such a measurement. Make-up solvent means the increment of cleaning-solvent that replaces solvent lost through evaporation or other means, and that is added to the solvent remaining in a cleaning machine to bring solvent quantityto the desired level. Non-complying solvent means a solvent that exceedsthe applicable percentage composition limit for any ofthe following four chemical groupings: Group 

### I: One or more of the following families of compounds having the olefinic or cyclo-olefinic 

### type of unsaturation 

## - hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ethers, and/or ketones; except perchloroethylene: 5 percent by volume. Group 

### 11: One or more aromatic compounds having eight or more carbon atoms to the molecule except ethylbenzene, methyl benzoate, and phenyl acetate: 

### 8 percent by volume. Group 

### III: One or more of the following compounds and compound types 

## - ketones having a branched hydrocarbon structure, ethylbenzene, trichloroethylene, and/or toluene: 20percent by volume. An aggregate of any combinationof the abovethree groups: 20percent by volume. Whenever any organic solvent or any constituent of an organic solvent may be classified fiom its chemical structure into more than one of the above groups of organic compounds, it shall be considered a member of the most teactive chemical group that it can be classified into, that is, that group havingthe lowestpercentage composition limit. Non-precursor organic compound means any of the following organic compounds which have been designated by the 

### EPA as having negligible photochemical reactivity: methane; ethane; methylene chloride (dichloromethane); 1

### , 1
,

1

-trichloroethane; trichlorofluoromethane (CFC- 1I); dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12); chlorodifluoromethane (CFC-22); 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-1 13); 

### 1,2-dichlorotetmfluoroethane (CFC- 1 1 4); chloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115); trifluoromethane (FC-23); 2,2-dichloro- 1

### , 1

### ,

1 -trifluoroethane (HCFC-123); 2-cbloro

### 1,1,1,2-tetra-fluoroethane (HCFC-124); 1,l-dichloro- 1 -fluoroethane (HCFC-141 b); 1 -chloro- 1

### , 1



### - difluoroethane (HCFC-142b); pentafluoroethane (HFC-125); 

### 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC1

34); 

### 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a); 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a); 1,ldinuoroethane @FC-152a); all completely fluorinated, completely saturated: alkanes, ethers and tertiary amines. Open-top vapor degreaser means any batch-loaded degreaser using solvent that is maintained above the initial boiling point temperature of the solvent. Degreasing occurs through the condensation ofthe resultant solventvapor onto the surface of the workload. Organic compoundmeans any compoundof carbon excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, carbonates, and metallic carbides. Organic solvent means any organic compound which is liquid at actual conditions of use or storage and which is used as a diluent, thinner, dissolver, viscosity reducer, extractant, cleaning agent or is a reactant orproduct in a manufacturing process. Oven means a chamberthat isused to bake, cure, polymerize or dry a coating. Prime coat meansthe first oftwo (2) or more coatings applied to a surface. Primer means a coating applied directly to substrate for any one or combination of the following purposes: corrosion prevention, protection fiom the environment, functional fluid resistance, or adhesionof subsequent coatings.

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 29

### Refrigerated chiller means a control device mounted above both the waterjacket and the primary condenser coils, consisting of secondary coils, which carry a refrigerant that provides a chilled air blanket above the solvent vapor, thereby reducing VOC emissions hm the solvent degreaser bath. Repair coating means a coating or coating operation used to recoat the portion of a completed finishthat suffered post-productiondamage at the facilitywhere the finish was applied. Rotating basket means a perforated or wire mesh cylinder containing parts to be cleaned that is slowly rotated whole proceeding through the degreaser. Small surface-coating source (SSCS)means a facilityfromwhich the total VOC emissions for all surface coating operations that 

### are subject to this rule without, orprior to, any emission control, is less than 15 pounds (6.8 kg) per day and less than 2 tons (1814 kg) per year; as demonstrated by both adequate records of coating and diluent use and a separate tally of the number of days eachmonth that such coating operations occur. Solvent means organic solvent. Solvent cleaner means a device that applies solvent or in which solvent is applied to items for the purpose of solvent cleaning. Solvent cleaning means the 

### use of organic solvent to remove loosely held uncured adhesives, uncured inks, uncured coatings, and other contaminants that include, but 

### are not limited to, 

### dirt, soil, lubricants, coolant, moisture, grease, and fingerprints from parts, products, tools, machinery, equipment, and general work areas. Solvent cleaning operation means any process, including wipe cleaning, used to clean or 

### dry metal and non-metal dams typically using a cold, vapor, orconveyorized solvent cleaner. Solvent container means that part of the solvent cleaner that is intended to hold the cleaningsolvent. SubmergedJillpipemeans any fillpipe or discharge nozzle that meets any one ofthe following:

a. The bottom of the discharge pipe or nozzle is below the surface of the liquid in the receiving vessel for at least 95 percent ofthe volume filled. 

### b. The bottom of the discharge pipe or nozzle is less than 6 inches from the bottom of the receiving vessel. c. The bottom of the discharge pipe or nozzle is less than 2 pipe or nozzle diameters from the bottom ofthe receiving vessel. d. For side-filling, the end of the discharge pipe or nozzle is totally submerged when the liquid level is 18 inches from the bottom ofthe tank. Substrate means the surface to which a coating is applied. Sump means the part of a solvent cleanerwhere the liquid solvent is located. Surface coating means any liquid, fluid, or mastic composition that is converted to a solid (or semi-solid) protective, decorative, or adherent film or deposit after application as a 

### thin layer. Surface coatingis generally distinct and different from impregnation and from applying adhesive for bonding purposes. Surface coating operation means preparation, handling, mixing, and application of surface coating, and cleanup of application-equipmentand enclosures at a facility where surface coating is applied. Touch up coating means a coating used to cover minor coating imperfections after the main coating operation. This includes touch-up coating that accompanies the purchase of an object already coated with that coating.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 30True vaporpressure means absolute vapor pressure of a liquid at its existing temperature of storage and handling. Vapor-loss control device means any piping, hoses, equipment, and devices which are used to collect, store and/or process organic vapors at a bulk terminal, bulk plant, senrice station or other operation handling gasoline andlor other organic liquids. Volatile organic compound (VOC) means any organic compound except non-precursor organic compounds. Waste solvent residue means sludge that may contain dirt, oil, metal particles, andlor other undesirable waste products concentrated after heat distillation of the waste solvent either in the solvent cleaner itself or after distillation in a separate still. Wipe cleaning means the cleaning and removal of residue or contatninants from surfaces by manually rubbing the surfaceswith solvent-containing rags or disposablewipers. Workload means the objects put in a cleaner for the purposes of removing oil, grease, soil, coating,

### dirt, or other undesirablematter from the surfaceofthe objects.

5.3 Emission Limitations and Standards



### Section 1.0

# - General Limitations and Standards
Applicability

The provisions of Rule 1, Section 1.0 apply to all sources of VOCs not covered in other sections of this regulation with the following exemptions: Organic solvent manufacturing facilities and the overland transport of organic solvents and materials containingVOC. The sprayingor other employmentof insecticides, pesticides or herbicides. Foundries; smelters; melting or roasting of metal, ore, or dross; all operationsincluded under Standard Industrial Classification codes 3312, 3313, 332, 333,334, 336, and 3398; and all on-site mold making activities at such operations and industries.

VisibleEmissions

Visible emissions shall not exceed 20 % opacity.

General Standards

1 

# - OPERATIONS WOLVING HEAT: No person shall discharge more than 15 pounds (6.8 kg) of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere in any one day from any machine, equipment, device, or other article in which any volatile organic compound or any material containing a volatile organic compound comes into contact with flame or is evaporated at temperatures exceeding 200°F (93.3OC), in the presence of oxygen, unless the entire amount of such dischargehas been reduced in accordancewith number 4 below.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 312 

## - NON-COMPLYING SOLVENTS: Excluding emissions subject to the above provision, no person shall discharge more than 40 pounds (18 kg) of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere in any one day from any machine, equipment, device or other article for employing, applying, evaporating or drying any non-complying solvent (as defined in this rule) or material containing such non-complying solvent unless the entire amount of such discharge has been reducedin 

### accordancewith number4 below. 3 

### - PROCESS LINES: Emissions of VOCs fiom any series of machines, equipment, devices or other articles which are designed for processing any item includingbut not limited to continuous web(s), strip(s), or wire(s) and which use operations described in number 1 or 2 shall be collectively subjectto the limitations of and compliancewith those sections. 4 

### - REDUCTIONS REQUIRED: Emission to the atmosphere of volatile organic compounds requiring control pursuant to number 1 or 2 of this rule shall 

### be reduced by at least one of the followingmethods: Incineration, provided that 90 percent or more of the carbon 

### in the volatile organic compounds entering the incineration device is oxidized to carbon dioxide and overall control efficiency (captureplus processing) isat least 85 percent by weight; or Adsorption, provided that overall control efficiency (capture plus processing) is at least 85 percent by weight; or Using lowVOC material containing no more 

### than 20 percent VOC by volume (as determined by the applicabletest method(s) and excluding non-precursor organic compounds and water), provided that no VOC fiomthe material comes into contact with flame; or Processing in 

### a manner not less effedive than incineration or adsorption and vedied by test methods of this rule.



### OperationandMaintenance Plan

The owner or operator using an emissions control systemto reduce emissions in accordancewith this section shall provide for approval an Operation and Maintenance 

### (O&M) Plan within six months of the effective date of this rule or within six months of when this rule becomes applicable. This plan shall specie key system operating parameters, such 

### as temperatures, pressures andfor flow rates, necessary to determine compliance with this rule and describe in detail procedures to maintain the approved emission control system. The DEQ's written approval ofthis plan shall be required for compliance

### with this rule to be achieved.



### Monitoring

PROVIDING 

### AND MAINTAINING MONITORING DEVICES: Any person incinerating, adsorbing, or otherwise processing organic materials pursuant to this rule shallprovide, properly install and maintain in calibration, in good working order and in operation, devices specified in the Operation and Maintenance Plan as well as in either the Permit to Operate or the Installation Pennit for indicating temperatures, pressures, rates of flow, or other operating conditions necessary to determine if air pollution control equipment is functioning properly and is properly maintained.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 319101 32DETERMINATION OF COMPLIANCE: Determination of the organic solvent content and composition of a solventor material shall be made as ofthe time that the solvent or material is in its final form for application or employment, notwithstanding any prior blending, reducing, thinning or otherpreparation for application or employment. Emissions resulting from 

### air or heat drying of products for the first 12hours afterthe removal from any machine, equipment, device or other article shallbe included in determiningcompliance with this rule.

Recordkeeping
Any person subject to this section shall comply with the following requirements. Records shall be retained for fiveyears and shall

### be made availableto the DEQ upon request. Current List: Maintain a current list of coatings, adhesives, makeup solvents, and any other VOC-containing materials; state the VOC content of each in pounds per gallon or grams per liter. VOC content shall be expressed less water and non-precursor organic compounds for materials that are not used for cleaning or cleanup. Monthly Usage Records: Maintain monthly records ofthe amount of each coating; adhesive; makeup solvent; solvent used for surface preparation, for cleanup, and for the removal of materials; and any other VOC-containing material used. Identifj any materials subject to the emission limits 

### in 1 or 2 of the General Standards and keep separate totals for these materials. Operation and Maintenance: Maintain a continuous record ofthe times an approved emission control device is used to comply with this section. Maintain daily records of the O&M Plan's key system operating parameters. Account for any periods of operation when the control device was not operating. Maintain records of all maintenance performed according to the O&M Plan. Discarded Materials: Maintain records of the type, amount, and method of disposing of VOC-containing materials on each day ofdisposal.



### TestMethods

Measurement of VOC content of materials shall be conducted and reported in accordance with EPA Test Method 24 (40CFR 60, Appendix A). The non-complying organic compound content shall be determined using the ASTM Standard Recommended Practices for General Gas Chromatography Procedures, E 260-85; General Techniques of Inlimed Quantitative Analysis, E 168-67; or General Techniques of Ultraviolet Quantitative Analysis, E 169-87. Measurements of the water and exempt solvent vapor content shall be conducted 

### in accordance with ASTM Test Methods D 4457-85 and 

### D 3792-86. Measurement of VOC emissions subject to this rule shall be conducted in accordance with EPA Test Method 18 andor by EPA Method 25 or an applicable submethod of Method 25 (40 CFR 60, AppendixA), in combinationwith the appropriatecapture efficiency method. Capturelcontrol efficiency shall be determined by mass balance in combination with ventilationldrafl rate determinations or by "Using a Temporary Total Enclosure for Capture EfficiencyTesting", EPA-45014-9 1-020.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 33Ventilatioddraftrates shall be determined by EPA Methods 2,2a, 2c, and 2d. Temperature measurements shall be done with an instrument with an accuracyand precision of less than one-half degree Fahrenheit (0.25"C) for temperatures up to 480°F (250°C). Higher temperatures shall be determined by instruments no less accurate than 1.0 percent of 111scaleunlessthe DEQ specifies greater accuracy.

Section 

### 2.0

# - General OperatingRequirements


### Applicability

The provisions of Rule 1, Section2.0 apply to all sources ofVOC emissions.



### OperatingRequirements 

### -Handling, Storage andDisposal ofMaterials Containing VOC
Implement control techniques and work practices at all times to reduce VOC emissions fiom fugitive sources. Control techniques and work practices include, but are not limited to:

= Vapor-tight containers for the storage of spent or fiesh material containing VOC. Cover containers for the storage or disposal of cloth or paper impregnated with VOC containingmaterials. Proper disposal ofdirty cleanup solvent. If any spent or fresh material containing VOC escapes fiom a container, wipe up or otherwise remove immediately if in accessible areas. For mas where access is not feasible during normal production, remove as soon asreasonably possible. Each container shallbe clearly labeled with its contents. The use of materials containing more 

### than 10percent VOC is prohibited for the cleanup of spray equipment unless equipment is used to collect the cleaning compounds and to minimize their evaporationto the atmosphere. Unless records show that VOC-containing materials were sent off-site for legal disposal, it will be assumed that it evaporatedon-site. Recycled solvents shallbe considerednon-precursor organic compounds if: The solvents are recycled on-site; The solventswere originally non-precursor organic compounds; and All make-up solvents added to the recycled solvents are non-precursor organic compounds.

Section 3.0

## - Solvent Cleaning


### Applicability

Rule 1, Section 3.0 shall apply to all new and existing solvent cleaning operations using volatile ' organic compounds for solvent cleaning. Other standards, such as the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutantsfor Halogenated Solvent Cleaning, may also regulate the usage of such compounds astrichloroethylene.

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 34Solvent cleaning operations as described in (1) or (2) below that are subject to this section are exempt fiom the following controltechnology: 

### (1) Any open-top vapor degreaser with an open area smaller than 1 square meter (m2) (10.8 square feet 

## (f?)) shall be exempt fiom the requirements for refrigerated chiller or carbon adsorption control technologies. (2) Any conveyorized degreaser with airlsolventinterface smaller than 2 m2 (21.5 

## f?) is exempt fiom the requirement to install a control device.

Section 3.0 

### Solvent Cleaning is not applicable to the following: (1) Laundering and housekeeping supplies and activities. (2) Testingfor surfacecleanlinessor the cleaning of laboratory equipment at the laboratory. (3) A cleaning solution containing 20% or less VOC (by either weight or volume), or equivalent, as shown by any of the following: Is composed of at least 98% water by either weight or volume; or Containsonly water and material that is a dry solid before mixing with water; or Has a VOC content not exceeding 20 grams per liter (0.17 lblgal).



### OperatingRequirementsfor Solvent Cleaning Operations

Any person who uses a solvent cleanermust conformto the followingoperating requirements: The solvent cleaner, ventilation system, and emission control equipment shall be installed, operated, and maintained in proper working order. The solvent containers shall be fiee of all liquid leaks. Auxiliary cleaner equipment, such as pumps, water separators, steam traps, or distillation units shall not have any liquid leaks, visible tears, or cracks. Any such liquid leak, visible tear, or crack that is detected shall be repaired 

### within one day from discovery by the operator, or the cleaner shall be drained of all solvent and shut down until replaced or repaired. Solvent cleaners shall not be operated when leaking. When solvent is added to or drained fiom a solvent cleaner, the solvent shall be transferred using threaded or other leakproof couplings and the end of the pipe in the solvent sump shall be located beneath the liquid solvent surface. All solvent, including waste solvent and waste solvent residues, shall be stored in closed containers at all times. The containers shall have a label indicating the name of the solvent/materialthey contain. If distillationrecovery of waste solvent is performed, solvent residues shall not contain more than 20 percent solventby weight. Do not remove or open any device designed to cover the solvent unless processing work 

### in the solventcleaner or performing maintenance on the solventcleaner. Drain cleaned parts after cleaning for at least 15 secondsor until dripping ceases. Drain cleaned material within the fi-eeboardarea so that the drained solvent is returned to the container. Parts shall be oriented forbest drainage. 

### Ifusing a solvent flow, use only a continuous, fluid stream (not a fine, atomized, or shower type spray) at 

### a pressure that does not cause liquid solvent to splash outside of the solvent cleaner.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on3/9/01 35Perform solvent agitation, where necessary, by means other than 

### air agitation. Solvent cleaning or solvent vapor cleaning ofporous or absorbent materials such as sponges, cloth, leather, wood, or rope, is prohibited. Minimize solvent carry-out by the followingmeasures, as applicable: a. Rack workload to facilitate drainage; b. Move workload in and out ofthe degreaser at less than 3.3 

### mlmin (11 

### Wrnin);

c. Degrease the workload in the vapor zone until condensation ceases; d. Allow workload to 

### drywithin the solventcleaner until visually

### dry; e. For manual operation, tip out any pools of solvent remaining on the workload before removing it fromthe solvent cleaner. A cleaner shall not be located where drafts are directed across the cleaner. For those cleaners equipped with water separators, no solvent shall 

### be visually detectable in the water exiting the water separator. A lip exhaust system shall not be added to any solvent cleaner, unless it is vented to an emission control system. The lip exhaust shall be turned offwhen the degreaser is covered. Operators must receive training in proper solvent cleaning procedures.

GeneralEquipment Requirements
Any person who uses a solvent cleaner shall utilize the following: An apparatus or cover that prevents the solvent fiom evaporatingwhen not processing work in the solvent cleaner.

a. For cold cleaning degreasers, if the solvent volatility is greater than 0.3 psia (at 100 degrees Fahrenheit), the solvent is agitated, or heated, the cover should be a sliding, rolling or guillotine (bi-parting) type that can be opened and closed easily with one hand

or foot. Covers for larger degreasers may require mechanical assistance, by spring loading, conterweighting, orpowered systems. b. For open-top vapor degreasers, the cover should be a sliding, rolling or guillotine (biparting) type that canbe opened and closed easilywithout disturbing the vapor zone.
c. For conveyorized degreasers, a cover shall be provided for closing off the entrance and exit during shutdown hours. d. If the solvent cleaner is equipped with a lip exhaust, the cover shall be located below the lip exhaust. The lip exhaust shall be turned off when the solvent cleaner is covered. As of the effective date of this regulation, a lip exhaust system shall not be added to any solvent cleaner unless it is vented to an ECS.

e. Equipment covers and dipping or rotating baskets must be constructed of nonporous or nonabsorbent material. Covers must form a tight seal with the sides of the solvent cleaner and have no gaps or holes. A facility for draining cleanedparts such that the drained solvent is returned to the container. A permanent, conspicuous label that summarizes proper operating procedures consistent with minimizing emissions of organic solvents.

General VOC TSD-030901 Createdon 3/9/01 36Cold Cleaning Operations
Equipment standards. The owner of a cold cleaning degreaser shall comply with the following applicable equipment specifications: Equip the cleaner with an internal drainage basket so that parts are enclosed under the cover while draining if the solvent true vapor pressure is greater than 4.3 kPa (32 

### rnm Hg or 0.6 psi) measured at 38 degrees 

### C (100 degrees F) by 

### ASTM D2879-92, except that the drainage basket may be external for cold cleaning degreaserswhere an internal type cannot fit into the cold cleaning degreaser; Implement one of the following control measures ifthe solvent true vapor pressure is greater than 4.3 Ha(32 mrn Hg or 0.6 psi) measured at 38 degrees 

### C (100 degrees F) by ASTM D2879-92, or ifthe solventis heated above 50 degrees 

### C (120 degreesF): (1) Freeboard height that gives a freeboard ratio greaterthan or equal to 0.7; (2) Water cover at least 2.54 centimeters (cm) (1 inch (in)) in depth (solvent shall be insoluble in and heavier than water); or (3) Another system of equivalent control, such as a refrigerated chiller or a carbon adsorber, approvedby the DEQ. The height ofthe solvent shall not exceed the manufacturer's fill-line forthe machine.

Open-top Vapor Degreasers
Equipment standards. The owner of an open-top vapor degreaser shall comply with the following applicable equipment specifications: Equip the open-top vapor degreaser with a baMe on the windward side of the open-top vapor degreaser; Provide the following safety switches: (1) A condenser coolant flow and high level thermostat switch that shuts offthe sump heat if the condenser coolantis either not circulatingor is too 

### warm; (2) A spray safety switch that shuts off the spray pump if the vapor level drops more 

### than 10 cm (4 in) below the lowest condensing coil; (3) A vapor level control thermostat that shuts off the sump heat when the vapur level rises above the recommended level; (4) A solvent level control; and (5) A sump thermostat. Implementone of the following control measures: (1) Freeboard ratio greaterthan or equal to 0.75 and, ifthe open-top vapur degreaser opening is greater than 1m2(10.8 

### f?), a powered (motorized)cover; (2) Refrigerated chiller with a chilled air blanket temperature no greater than 30% of the solvent's boiling point in degrees 

### F measured at the centroid of the open-top vapor degreaser at the coldest point; (3) Enclosed design (cover or door opens only when the 

### dry part to be cleaned is actually enteringor exitingthe open-top vapur degreaser);

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 37(4) Carbon adsorption system, with ventilation greater than or equal to 15 cubic meters per minute per square meter (m3/min/m2)(50 cubic feet per minute per square foot (cfin/ft?)) of aidsolvent interface (when cover is open), and exhausting less than 25 parts per million (ppm) of solvent averaged over one complete adsorption cycle, or 24 hours, whicheveris less; or (5) A control system, such as a thermal or catalytic incinerator, demonstrated to have a control efficiency equivalent to or greater than the control measures listed 

### in the above paragraphs and approvedby the DEQ.

Operating Standards. The owner of an open-top vapor degreaser shall comply with the following applicable operation standards: Workloads shall not occupy more 

### than half ofthe degreaser's evaporative surface area. Spray within the vapor zone. Do not allow the vapor level to drop more than 10 cm (4 inches) below the lowest condensingcoil. Use no workplace fans near the open-to vapor de easer opening, and ensure that exhaust 

# P ventilation does not exceed 20 m3/rnin/m (65 

### cfm/ 

# d ); When starting the degreaser, the cooling system shall 

### be turned on before, or simultaneously with, the sump heater. When shutting down the degreaser, the sump heater shall be turned off before, or simultaneouslywith, the cooling system. The degreaser shallbe covered wheneverthe cooling system is off.



### Conveyorizeddegreasers
Equipment standards. The owner of a conveyorid degreaser shall comply with the following applicable equipment specifications: Equip the conveyorized degreaser with equipment, such as a drying tunnel or rotating (tumbling) basket, sufficient to prevent cleaned parts from carrying out solvent liquid or vapor. Provide downtime covers for closing off the entrance and exit at all times when the conveyors and exhaustsare not being operated. Provide the following safety switches: (1) A condenser coolant flow and high level thermostat switch that shuts off the sumpheat 

### if the condenser coolant is eithernot circulating or istoo warm; (2) A spray safety switch that shuts offthe spray pump or the conveyorized degreaser if the vapor level drops more than 10cm (4 in) below the lowest condensing coil; (3) A vapor level control thermostat that shuts off the sump heat when the vapor level rises above the recommended level; (4) A solvent level control; and 

### (5) A sumpthermostat. Install one ofthe following control devices:

General VOC TSD-030901 Createdon 3/9/01 38(1) Re£iigerated chiller with a chilled 

### air blanket temperature no greater than 30% of the solvent's boiling point in degrees 

### F measured at the centroid of the conveyorized degreaseratthe coldestpoint; (2) Carbon adsorption system, with ventilation greater than or equal to 15 m3/minlm2(50 cfin/p) of airlsolvent interface (when downtime covers are open), and exhausting less than 

### 25 ppm of solvent by volume averaged over one complete adsorption cycle, or 24 hours, whicheveris less; or 

### (3) A control system demonstrated to have a control efficiency equivalent to or greater than the control devices listed in the above paragraphs, and approved by the 

### DEQ.

Operating Standards. The owner of a conveyorized degreaser shall comply with the following applicable operation standards: Minimize; openings during operation so that entrancesand exits silhouette workloads 

### with an average clearance between the parts and the edge of the conveyorized degreaser opening of less

### than 10 cm (4 in) or less than 10%of the width of the opening. Use no workplace fans near the conveyorized degreaser opening, and ensure that exhaust ventilation does not exceed 20 m3/min/m2(65 c~#). Place any installed downtime covers over entrances and exits of the conveyorized degreaser
at all times when the conveyors and exhausts are not being operated. When starting the degreaser, the cooling system shall be turned on before, or simultaneously with, the sumpheater. When shutting down the degreaser, the sump heater shall be turned off before, or simultaneously with, the cooling system.

WorkPractices for Wipe Cleaning

Any person who conducts wipe cleaning must conformto the followingrequirements: Immediately after use, place all rags, or any otherporous materials used to apply solvent, 

### in a covered containerthat is labeled 

### aswaste solvent. Store waste solvent only in covered containers labeled as waste solvent. Follow operating procedures that prevent solvent from dripping from the applicator during solventapplication. Provide a permanent, conspicuous label summarizing the operating procedures and provide supervisionor instruction adequateto ensurethat procedures are followed.

TestMethoak
Compliance with the equipment standards in Section 3.0 of this Chapter shall be determined by applying the following test methods, which are found at 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, the ASTM methods, or as indicated: A. Methods 1-4 for determiningflow rates;

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 

### 39

### B. Method 18 for determining gaseous organic compound emissions by gas chromatography; C. Method 25 for determining total gaseous nonrnethane organic emissions as carbon, except 

### in cases where the outlet VOC concentration of the control device is lessthan fifty (50) ppm 

### as carbon, in which case Method 25A shall be used; D. Method 25A or 25B for determining total gaseous organic concentrations using flame ionization ornondispersive infrared analysis; 

### E. EPA Test Method 204 for criteria for and verification of a permanent or temporary total enclosure, 204a -f (40 CFR Part 51, Appendix 

### M); F. California's Bay Area 

### Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) Method 31, "Determination ofVolatile Organic Compounds in Paint Strippers, Solvent Cleaners, and Low SolidsCoatings"; G. California's South Coast 

### Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Method 313-91. 

### H. ASTM D2879-92 for measuring solventtrue vapor pressure.

Operationand Maintenance Plan For Emission ControlSystems

Submit an Operation and Maintenance Plan (O&M Plan) for emission control systems. The plan shall be submittedfor approval within 

### 6 months ofthe effective date ofthis regulation. 

### If a source intends to install a new Emission Control System (ECS) as the means of meeting the provisions of this section, the owner or operator shall notifl the DEQ in writing within 30 days of applicability. Such an ECS shall be in 

### use within 9 months of the effective date of this regulation, The O&M Plan shall be submitted for approvalupon startup ofthe ECS. Any person incinerating, adsorbing, or otherwise processing VOC emissionspursuant to this section shallprovide, properly install and maintain in calibration, in good working order and in operation, devices described in the facility's O&M Plan that indicate temperatures, pressures, rates of flow, or other operating conditionsnecessary to determine 

### if airpollution control equipmentishctioningproperly and isproperly maintained.

Reporting 

### -Initial compliance certiJication

Within 

### 6 months ofthe effective date of this regulation, or upon startup of a new solvent cleaner

or new ECS used to comply with this section, the owner shall provide to the DEQ an initial compliance certification. Owners or operators of solvent cleaners that are still in operation six years after the date fiom which the initial compliance certification was provided to the DEQ shall provide an updated compliance certification within 30 days ofthis occurrence.

Monitoring and Testing

Upon startup of a new solvent cleaner, replacement of an existing solvent cleaner with one of

a different model, changing the control device used on an existing solvent cleaner, or upon request by the DEQ, the owner of the solvent cleaner shall perform tests and submit to the

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 40

### DEQ, results of all tests and calculations necessary to demonstrate that the solvent cleaner will be in compliancewith the applicable equipment standards. 

### In addition to monitoring requirements laid out in the O&M Plan, safety switches must be tested semiannually.



### Recordkeeping

The owner of all solvent cleaners subject to this section shall establish and maintain all records necessary for determining compliance with the requirements for a period of 5 years. Current List: Maintain a current list of cleaning-solvents; state the VOC content of each in pounds VOC per gallon ofmaterial or grams per liter ofmaterial. Monthly Usage Records: Maintain records ofthe amount of cleaning-solventused; update by the end ofthe month for the previousmonth. For purposes of recording usage, an operator may give cleaning-solvents of similar VOC content a single group-name, distinct from any product names in the group. The total usage of all the products in that group are then recorded underjust one name. (In such a case, the operator must also keep a separate list that identifies the product names of the particular solvents included under the group name). To the group name shall be assigned the highest VOC content among the members of that group, rounded to the nearest 10th of a pmdof VOC per gallon of material, or to the nearest 

### gram VOC per liter of material. Maintain a continuous record of the times an approved emission control device is used to comply with this section. 

### Maintain daily records of the O&M Plan's key system operating parameters. Account for any periods of operation when the control device was not operating. Maintain records of all maintenance performed according to the O&M Plan and for the 

### semiannual inspection of safety switches.

Section 4.0

# - Surface Coating

Rule 1, Section 4.0 applies to all new and existing surface coating operations covered by the surface coating categories contained in this section. Other federal standards, such as the New Source Performance Standards,may also be applicable.

This section does not apply to architectural coating or aerospace coating operations and cleaning or stripping a surface for coating or other purposes, which are covered under other sections of this regulation.

This section does not apply to the following materials that meet the specific qualification(s) and limitation(s) set forthherein: Leak-Preventing Materials: Sealants, adhesives, caulking, and similar materials used on the following substratesforthe primary purpose ofleakprevention are exempt from this rule: (1) Non-metallic substrates; and

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 41

### (2) Used substrates, post manufacture, such as, but not limited to, oldjoints and seals on pipe and valve assemblies.

Adhesive Use: 

### (1) Adhesive and adhesive primer applications are exempt fiom this rule, except 

### as specified in the sections for miscellaneous metal parts andproducts and paper coating. (2) Any adhesive exempted by this rule shall comply with the provisions of Section 1.0 General Limitationsand Standards.

Certain Joint Fillers: 

### Caulking and beaded sealants used to fill gaps or to filljoints between surfaces are exempt from thisrule, exceptthose used 

### in manufacturing miscellaneousmetal parts and products or in the manufacturing ofcans.

Extreme Performance Coatings: 

### Extreme performance coatings are exempt frdm the VOC limits when used under the following conditions: 

### (1) Used on internal combustion engine components that are normally above 250°F (121°C) during use; or (2) Used at temperatures above 250°F (121°C) on items that are 

### both included under SIC (Standard Industrial Classification, 1987) codes 3661, 3663, 3669, 3677, 3678, 3679, or 3769 and are electronic products in space vehicles andlor are communications equipment.

The followingare exempt from all but the recordkeepingrequirementsof this section: (1) Coating with an aerosol can. (2) Touch up or repair-coating operations. (3) Low usage coatingsthat in aggregate of all formulations do not exceed 55 gallons (208 liters) per year facility-wide if the operator updates usage-records of these coatings on 

### each day of theiruse. (4) A 

### small surface-coating source (SSCS). However, once a SSCS exceeds eitherthe 15 lb per day or the 2 tons per year limits that are required to maintain SSCS status, the facility is permanently subjectto the limits, with 

### the followingexception: (a) For such a facility that does not have either a 15 lbslday or a 2 tonslyr VOC-emission limit in a permit for processes regulated by this rule, an owner or operatormay retain the exemption if she agrees in writing to enforceablepermit conditions that establish these

or stricter limits. (b) 

### However, a facility that violates its permit limit of either 15 lbs VOCIday or 2 tons VOC/yr for coating processregulated by thisrule ispermanently subjectto the limits.

Determination of 

### VOCContent

In 

### this section, VOC content is determined by one of two formulas. To determine compliance with kilogram per liter or pound per gallon requirements or the 2.0 lb VOC/gal threshold in 

### the application methods section, use the following formula in (1). For other purposes, use the formula given in (2).

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 31910 1 

### 42(1)VOC CONTENT MINUS EXEMPT COMPOUNDS (is the same as VOC content minus exempt evaporating components, also known as "The EPA Method 24 VOC Content" on manufacturer's data sheets.)

VOC Content Minus Exempt Compounds = 

### & - WE& Vm

- Vw 

### - Ves Using consistently either English or metric measures in the calculation, where: W, = weight of all volatile material in pounds (or kilograms) including VOC, water, nonprecursor organic compounds, and dissolved vapors W, = weight of water 

### inpounds (or kilograms) We, = weight of all non-precursor organic compounds in pounds (or kilograms) Vm = volume oftotal material in gallons (or liters) V, = volume ofwater 

### in gallons (or liters) Ves= volume of all non-precursor organic compoundsin gallons (or liters)

(2) VOC CONTENT OF

### MATERIAL (MATERIALVOC-CONTENT)

VOC Content Of Material = 

## K-

-

### WE - Wes Vm
Using consistently either English or metric measures in the calculation, where: W, = weight of all volatile material in pounds (or kilograms) including VOC, water, nonprecursor organic compounds, and dissolved vapors W, = weight ofwater 

### inpounds (or kilograms) W, = weight of all non-precursor organic compounds in pounds (or kilograms) Vm = volume oftotal material in gallons (or liters)

Emission Limitations

The owner or operator of 

### a surface coating unit, line, or operation shall comply with the applicable emission limitations in this rule by the use of Low Solvent Content Coating Technology, Plant-wide Emission ReductionPlan, or Add-On 

### Air Pollution Control Devices, as specified in the Compliance Methods section. Emission limitations on VOC content for all surface coating categories, except flatwood paneling, are expressed in 

### units of mass of VOC in kilograms (kg) or pound 

### (Ib) per volume of coating in liters (1) or gallons (gal), excluding water and exempt compounds, as applied. Emission limitations on VOC content for flatwoodpaneling 

### are expressed in units ofmass ofVOC (kg or lb) per area of sudacq to which 

### the coating is applied (100 squaremeters (m2)or 1,000 square feet 

## (PI).

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 43Automobilesand light-duty trucks

For the purpose of thisparagraph, the followingdefinitionsapply: Applicationarea means the area where the coating is applied by dipping or spraying. Automobile means all passenger cars or passenger car derivations capable of seating 12 or fewer passengers. Light-duty trucks mean any motor vehicles rated at 3,864 kilograms (8,500 pounds) gross weight

or less which are designed primarily for the purpose of transportation or are derivatives of such vehicles. Manufacturingplant means a facility where automobile and truck bodies are manufactured and/or finished for eventual assembly into a finished product ready for sale to vehicle dealers. Customizer,body shops, and other repainters are not part of this definition. This paragraph will apply to the application area(s), flashoff area(s), and oven(s) of automotive and light-duty truck manufacturing plants involved in prime, topcoat, and 

### final repair coating operations. No owner or operator of an automobile or light-duty manufacturing plant subject to this paragraph may cause, allow, or permit the discharge into the atmosphere of any VOCs in

excess ofthe following emission limitations: Category 

### kg" Iblgnr 

### I 1. Prime application, flashoffarea, 0.14 1.2 and oven operations 2. Surface application, flashoffarea, 0.34 2.8 and oven operations. 3. Topcoat application, flashoffarea, 0.34 2.8 and oven operations. 4. Final repair application, flashoffarea, 0.58 4.8 and oven operations.

Cans 

## -

For the purpose of thisparagraph, the following definitionsapply: Can means any cylindrical, single-walled container, with or without a top, cover, spout, or handle, that is manufacturedfrom metal sheets thinner than 29 gauge (0.0 141 inch (in)). Cancoating unit means a coating unit in which any coating is applied ontothe surface of cans or
can components. Can printing ink means a fluid or viscous formulation used in can printing that imparts design, pattern, and/or alphanumeric symbolsto a can. End sealing compound coat means a compound applied onto can ends that functions as a gasket when the end is assembled onto the can. Exterior basecoat means 

### a coating applied to the exterior of a two-piece can body to provide protection to the metal, or to provide background for any lithographic orprinting operation. Interior body spray coat means a coating applied to the interior of the can body to provide a protective film between the product and the can.

General VOC TSD-03090 1 Createdon 3/9/0 1 44Over varnish means a coating applied directly over a design coating or directly over 

### ink to reduce the coefficient of friction, to provide gloss, and to protect the finish against abrasion and corrosion. Sheet basecoat means a coating applied to metal in sheet form to serve as either the exterior or interior oftwo-piece or three-piececan bodies or can ends. Side-seam spray coat means a coating applied to the seam of a three-piece can. Three-piece can means a can that is made by rolling a rectangular sheet of metal into a cylinder that is soldered, welded, or cemented at the seam with two ends attached. Two-piece can means a 

### can whose body and one end are formed fiom a shallow cup and to which the other end is later attached. Two-piece can exterior end coat means a coating applied by roller coating or spraying to the exterior end of a two-piece can to provide protection to the metal. This subsection applies to any can coating unit subject to emission limitations specified below and 

### as per the definitions, and used to apply the following coatings: sheet basecoat, exterior basecoat, over varnish, interior body spray coat, side-seam-spray coat, two-piece can exterior end coat, end sealing compound coat, and can printing 

### ink. The owner or operatorof a can coating unit subject to this subsection shall not cause or allow the release of VOC that exceeds the following emission limitations: Category kg/l lb/gal 1. Sheet basecoat, exteriorbasecoat, and 0.34 2.8 over varnish 2. Interior body spray coat 0.51 4.2 

### 3. Side-seam spray coat 0.66 5.5 4. Two piece can exteriorend coat 0.5 1 4.2 5. End sealing compound coat 0.44 

### 3.7 6. Can printing 

### ink 0.30 2.5

Fabric

For the purpose ofthis paragraph the following definitionsapply: Fabric coating line means a web coating line where coating is applied to fabric. 

### A fabric printing line engaged in the dyeing and finishing of textiles 

### as classified in Industrial Group 226

or Industry 223 1is not considered a fabric coating line. Fabric coating unit means a coating application station and its associated flashoff area, drying
area, or oven wherein coating is applied and dried or cured in a fabric coating line. 

### A fabric coating line may include more than one fabric coating unit. This subsection applies to any fabric coating unit or line subject to emission limitations as specified below and as per the definitions. The owner or operator of a fabric coating unit or line subject to this subsection shall not cause or allow the release of VOC that exceeds the following emission limitation: Category 

# w lb/gal Fabric coating line 0.35 2.9

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 45

### Film coating

For the purpose ofthis paragraph, the followingdefmitions apply: Film coating means any coating applied in a web coating process on film substrate other than paper or fabric, including, but not limited to, typewriter ribbons, photographic film, magnetic tape 

### and metal foil giftwrap. This subsection applies to any film coating unit or line subject to emission limitations as specified below and as 

### per the definitions. The owner or operator of a film coating unit or line subject to 

### this subsection shall not cause or allow the release of VOC that exceeds the following emission limitation: Category kgfl lblgal 

### Film coating line 0.35 2.9

Flatwood weling

For the purpose ofthis paragraph, the following definitions apply: Class 

### I (or Class 

### II) hardboardpaneling$nish means finishes that meet the specifications of VoluntaryProduct Standard PS-59-73 as 

### approvedby the American National StandardsMtute. Flatwoodpaneling coating line means a coating line used to apply and dry 

### or cure coatings applied to one of the following flatwood paneling categories: printed interior panels made of hardwood plywood and thin 

### particleboard (i.e., less than 

### or equal to 0.64 centimeter (cm) (0.25 in) thick; natural finish hardwood plywood panels; and Class 

### I1 hardboard paneling finish. Flatwood paneling coating line does not include Class 

### T hardwood panels, particle board used in furniture, insulationboard, exterior siding, tileboard, and softplywood coating lines. Hardboard means a panel manufactured primarily from wood fibers that 

### are consolidated under heat and pressure in a hot press. HardwoodpZjwood meansplywood whose surface layer is a veneer ofhardwood. NaturalJinishhardwoodplywood panels means panels whose original grain pattern is enhanced by essentially transparent fishesfrequently supplementedby fillers and toners. Printed interiorpaneb means panels whose grain or natural surface is obscured by fillers and basecoatupon which a simulated grain

### or decorative

### pattern isprinted. Thinparticleboard means a manufactured board that is 0.64 cm (0.25 in) or less in thickness made of individual wood particles that have been coated with a binder and 

### formed intoflat sheets by pressure. Tileboardmeans paneling that has 

### a colored, waterproof surfacecoating. This subsection applies to any flatwood paneling coating line subject to emission limitations specified below and as 

### per the definitions. The owner or operator of a flatwood paneling coating line subject to this subsection shall not cause or allow the release of VOC that exceedsthe following emissionlimitations: Category kg1100

### m2 lbl1,OOO ft2 

### 1. Printed interior panels 2.9 6.0 2. Natural finishhardwoodplywood panels 5.8 12.0 3. 

### Class 11 

### hardboard paneling fish 4.8 10.0

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 

### 46

### Large appliances

For the purpose ofthis 

### paragraph, the following definitions apply: Application area 

### means the area where the coating is applied by spraying, dipping, or flowcoating techniques. Large appliances 

### mean doors, cases, lids, panels, and interior support parts of residential and commercial washers, dryers, ranges, refrigerators, freezers, water heaters, dishwashers, trash compactors, air conditioners, and other similarproducts. Single coat 

### means a single film 

### of coating applied directly to a metal substrate omitting the primer application. This paragraph, will apply to application area(s), flashoff area(s), and oven(s) of large appliance coating lines involved inprime, single, or topcoat coating operations. This paragraph, will not apply to the use of quick-djmg lacquers for repair of scratches and nicks that occur during assembly, provided that the volume of coating does not exceed 757 liters (200 gallons)in any oneyear. No owner or operator of a large appliance coating line subject to this paragraph, may cause, allow, orpermit 

### the discharge into the atmosphere of any VOCs in excess ofthe following: Category kg/l Iblgal 

### Prime, single, or topcoat coating 0.34 2.8 

### operations

Magnet wire

For the purpose of thisparagraph, the following definitions apply: Magnet wire coating 

### means the process ofapplying 

### a coatingof electrically insulating varnish or enamel to aluminumor copper wire for use in electrical machinery. This paragraphwill apply to oven(s) ofmagnet wire 

### coating operations. No owner or operator of a magnet wire coating oven subject to this paragraph may cause, allow, orpermit the discharge into the atmosphere ofanyVOCs in excess ofthe following: Category kg/l Iblgal 

### Magnet 

### wire coating operations 0.20 1.7



### Metal coil

For the purpose ofthisparagraph, the following definitions apply: Coilcoating 

### means the coating of any flatmetal sheetor stripthat comes in 

### rolls or coils. Quencharea 

### means a chamber where the hot metal exiting the oven is cooled by 

### either a spray ofwater or a blast of air followedby water cooling. This paragraph will apply to the coating applicator(s), oven(s), and quench area(s) of coil coatinglines involved inprime and topcoat or single coat operations. No owner or operator of a coil coating line subject to this paragraph, may cause, allow, or permit the discharge into the atmosphere ofVOCs in excess ofthe following: Category kg/l Iblgal Prime &

### topcoat or single coat operations 0.3 1 2.6

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 

### 47Metal fiuniture

For the purpose ofthis paragraph, the following definitions apply: Metalfurniture means any fiuniture piece made of metal, or any metal part that will be assembled with other metal, wood, fabric, plastic or glass parts to form a fiuniture piece including, but not limited to, tables, chairs, waste baskets, beds, desks, lockers, benches, shelving, file cabinets and room dividers. This definition shall not apply to the coating of miscellaneousmetal parts and products as defined in this section. Metalfirniture coating unit means a coatingunit in which a protective, decorative, or bctional coating is applied onto the surface ofmetal fimiture. This subsection applies to any metal fiuniture coating unit subject to emission limitations as specified below and as per the definitions. The owner or operator of a metal fiuniture coating unit subject to this subsection shall not cause or allow the release of VOC that exceedsthe following emission limitation: Category lb/gal Metal fiuniturecoating line 0.36 3.0

Miscellaneous metal parts and products

For the purpose ofthisparagraph, the following definitions apply: Air-dried coating means a coating that is dried by the use of air or forced warm air at temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius (C) (194 degrees Fahrenheit 

### 0). Clear coating means a coating that (1) either lacks color and opacity or is transparent, and (2)

uses the surface to which it is applied as a reflective base or undertone color. 

### Drum means any cylindrical metal shipping containerofthirteen (13)- to 1 1 0-gallon capacity. Extremeperformance coating means a coating intended for exposure to extreme environmental conditions, including but not limited to, the outdoors, temperatures above 95 degrees C or 203 degrees F, detergents, abrasive and scouring agents, solvents, and corrosive atmospheres. Miscellaneous metalparts andproducts means any metal part or metal product, even if attached to or combined with a nonmetal part orproduct. Miscellaneousmetal parts and products include, but are not limited to, the applicationof underbody anti chipmaterials (e.g. underbody plastisol) and surface coating operations other than prime coat, primer surface, topcoat and final repair operations at automobile and light-duty truck assembly plants, as well as including the following Industrial Classification Codes: Major Group 33 (primary metal industries), Major Group 34 (fabricated metal producl), Major Group 35 (non electric machinery), Major Group 36 (electrical machinery), Major Group 37 (transportation equipment), Major Group 3

### 8 (miscellaneous instruments), 

### andMajor Group 39 (miscellaneous manufacturing industries). Miscellaneous metal products and parts does not include: 1) maintenance, repair or refinishing of machinery, production equipment, piping, storage vessels 

### and similarparts where the part isto be used on site and not offered for sale; 2) shipbuilding operations; 3) the field application of coatings to stationary steel structures and their appurtenances; and 4) aerospace manufacturing, overhaul, and repair operations. Miscellaneous metalparts andproducts coating unit means a coating unit in which a coating is applied to any miscellaneous metal parts and products.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 48

### Pail means any cylindrical metal shipping containerof one (1) to twelve (12) gallon capacity and constructed of 29 gauge and heavier metal. 

### Re$nishing means the repainting ofused equipment. This subsection applies to any miscellaneousmetal parts and products coating unit subject to emission limitations specified below and as per the definitions. This includes non-adhesive coating, adhesive, adhesive primer, caulking, and beaded sealants. The owner or operator of a miscellaneous metal parts 

### and products coating unit subject to this subsection shall not

cause or allow the release ofVOC that exceeds the followingemissionlimitations: 

### Category 

### k8n lblgal 1. Clear coating 0.52 4.3 2. Steel pail and drum interior 0.52 4.3 3. Air-dried coating 0.42 3.5 4. Extreme performance coating 0.42 3.5 5. All other coatings 0.36 3.O

This subsection does not apply to the coating of metal cans or to the coating of metal fimiturethat are subject to other subsectionsofthis rule.

Paper

For the purpose ofthisparagraph, the following definitions apply: 

### Knife Coatingmeans the application of a coating material to a substrate by means ofdrawing the substrate beneath a knife that spreads the coating evenly over the full width of the substrate. 

### Paper coating means coatings put on paper and pressure sensitive tapes regardless of substrate. Related web coatingprocesses on plastic film and decorativecoatingson metal foil are included. 

### Roll Coatingmeans the application of a coating material to a substrateby means of hard rubber

or steelrolls. 

### Rotogravure Coating meansthe application ofa coating material to a substrateby means of a roll coating technique in which the pattern to be applied is etched on the coating roll. The coatirig material ispicked up in these recessed areas and istransferredtothe substrate. This paragraph will apply to roll, knife, or rotogravure coater(s) and drying ovens of paper coating lines. No owner or operator of 

### a paper coating line subject to this paragraph may cause, allow, or permit the discharge into the atmosphereofany VOCs in excessofthe following: 

### Category 

### k8n lblgal Paper coating line, including adhesives 0.35 2.9

Plastic Darts and products

For the purpose ofthis paragraph, the following definitions apply: 

### Clearcoat means any coatingthat lacks color or opacity or is transparent. 

### Flexible plasticparts or product means a plastic part or product designed to withstand significant deformation without damaging it for its intended use. Not included are flexible plastic parts that

are found on a can, coil, metal Wture, or large appliance, or that are already a part of an

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 49aerospace component, highway vehicle, mobile equipment, architectural building or structure, or a previously coated marine-vessel. Highway vehicle means any vehicle that is physically capable of being driven upon a highway including, but not limited to, cars, pickups, vans, trucks, truck-tractors, motor-homes, motorcycles, and utility vehicles. Mobile equipmentmeans any equipment that isphysically capable ofbeing driven or drawn upon
a highway including, but not limited to, the following types of equipment: construction vehicles (such as mobile cranes, bulldozers, concrete mixers); farming equipment (wheel tractor, plow, pesticide sprayer); hauling equipment (truck trailers, utility bodies, camper shells); and miscellaneous equipment (street cleaners, mopeds, golfcarts). Plastic means any solid, synthetic resin, polymer, or elastomer, except rubber. For the purposes of this rule, plastic film is considered film; fabric and paper made ofpolymeric plastic fibers are considered fabric andpaper, respectively. Topcoatmeans the final, permanent, coating-formulation that completed the finish on a surface. This subsection applies to any plastic parts and products coating unit subject to emission limitations specified below and as per the definitions. The owner or operator of a plastic parts and products coating unit subject to this subsection shall not cause or allow the release ofVOC that exceeds the following emission limitatiom Category Ib/gal 1. Plastic parts and products that ate not 0.42 3.5 defined as flexible 2. Flexible plastic parts andproducts: Primer 0.49 4.1 Color topcoat 0.45 

### 3.8 Basecoat/clear coat (combined system) - 0.54 4.5 limit for either coat

Strippable booth coatings

For the purpose ofthisparagraph, the followingdefinitionsapply: Strippable booth coating means a temporary coating that is applied to spray booth surfaces to receive the overspray and protect the surfaces, and which is designed toreadily be pulled offthe substrate in strips or sheets, and disposed of. This subsection applies to any strippable booth coating subject to emission limitations as specified below and asper the definitions. An owner or operator that uses a strippable booth coating subjectto this subsectionshallnot cause or allow the release ofVOC that exceeds the following emission limitation: Category lb/gal Strippable booth coating 0.24 2.0
Vinyl

For the purpose ofthisparagraph, the following definitions apply: Vinylcoating line means a web coating line where a decorative, functional, or protective coating is applied to a continuous web coating line of vinyl or vinyl-coated fabric. Lines used for

GeneralVOC TSD-03090 1Created on 319101 50coating or printing on vinyl and coating or printing on urethane are considered vinyl coating lines. This subsection applies to any vinyl coating unit or line subject to emission limitations 

### as specified below and as per the definitions. The owner or operator of 

### a vinyl coating unit or line subject to this subsection shall not cause or allow the release of VOC that exceeds the following emissionlimitation: 

### Category 

### lblgal Vinyl coating line 0.45 3.8

ApplicationMethods

A person shall employ one of the following for all applications of surface coating containing

more than 2 pounds ofVOC per gallon (240 g/L) minus exempt compounds: A low pressure spray gun; An electrostaticsystem; A system that atomizes principally by hydraulic pressure, including "airless" and "air assisted airless"; Non-atomizing or non-spraying application methods, such as but not limited 

### to dipping, rolling, or brushing; or Any method which is approved by the Administrator of the Federal EPA and the DEQ as having a transfer efficiency of 65% or greater.

A person may employ spray guns otherwise prohibited for use with coatings over 

### 2 lb VOC /gal under the following limited conditions: If VOC emissions fiom the finishing application station, are captured and directed to an ECS complying with the provisions of the section entitled "Add-on air pollution control devices." To coat the inside ofpipes and tubes with a wand-style applicator. Using an airbrush or other small gun that has a reservoir capacity not exceeding 250 cc (8.8 fluid ounces) and isused solely fordetailing, lettering, touch up, dot repair.

ControlsRequired for Spray Coating

The controls required below shall not apply to the following: The spray coating of facility equipment or structures that are fixed in a permanent location and cannot easily be moved into an enclosure or spray booth and which are not normally dismantledor moved prior to coating. The spray coating of objects which cannot fit inside of an enclosure with internal dimensions of 10'W X 25'L 

### X 8'H. Enclosures and spray booths and exhausts located entirely in a completely enclosed building, providing that any vents or openings do not allow overspray to be emitted into the outsideair. Any coating operations utilizing only hand-held aerosol cans.

General VOC TSD-030901 Createdon 3/9/01 51No person shall use or operate any spray painting or spray coating equipment unless one of the followingconditions is met: Equipment Operated In Enclosures Located Outside 

### a Building: Spray coating equipment shall be operated inside an enclosure which has at least three sides a minimum of eight feet in height and able to contain any object or objectsbeing coated.

a. Three-Sided Enclosures: Spray shall be directed in a horizontal or downward pointing

manner so that overspray is directed at the walls or floor of the enclosure. No spraying shall be conducted within three feet of any open end and/or within two feet of the top of the enclosure. b. More Complete Enclosures: For enclosures with three sides and a roof or complete enclosures, spray shall be directed into the enclosure so that the overspray is directed away from any opening in the enclosure.No spraying shall be conducted within three feet of any open end and/or

### withintwo feet of any open top of the enclosure. Equipment Operated With Forced Air Exhaust Vented Directly Outside: Any spray booth or enclosure with forced air exhaust must have a filtering system with an average overspray removal efficiency of at least 92%by weight forthe type ofmaterial being sprayed. No gaps, sags or holes shall be present in the filters and all exhaust must be discharged into the atmosphere. Spray Booths or enclosures utilizing a water curtain, waterfall or other means to capture particulates in a liquid medium shall effectively remove at least 92% ofthe overspray and be operated in a manner consistent with the manufacturer's specificationsto achieve suchefficiency forthe type ofmaterial being sprayed.

ComplianceMethods

The owner or operator of a surface coating unit, line or operation subjectto this section shall choose one or more of the three compliance methods below in order to comply with the applicable emission limitationscontained in this section. A. Low solvent content coating technology. The owner or operator of a coating unit subjectto this section that chooses to use a low solvent content coating shall not cause or allow application of any coating on that coating unit with VOC content that exceeds the applicable emission limitations in this rule. If a source wishes to use a low solvent technology and the technology to be used for any particular applicationis not now proven but is expected to be proven in a reasonable length of time, the source may request a compliance date extension fiom the DEQ. Compliance date extensions will require progress reports every 90 days, or as directed by the DEQ, to show reasonable progress toward technology tomeet the specified emission limitation. B. Plant-wide emission reduction plan. A plant-wide emission reduction plan may be approved by the DEQ if it can be demonstrated by the surface coating facility that any emissions in excess of those allowed for a given coating line will be compensated for by reducing emissions hm regulated sources within the surface coating facility. C. Add-on air pollution control devices. The owner or operator of a coating unit that chooses to obtain compliance with the applicable emission limitations, in terms of kilograms per liter or pounds per gallon of solids as applied, by an add-on air pollution control device shall install and operate a capture system and control device at least 80 percent efficient overall. All surface coating facilities shall submit to the DEQ, for

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 52approval, design data for each capture system and emission control device that if proposed for use. (1) The capture system and control device shall be operated at all times that the coating unit is in operation. The owner or operator shall demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission limitations of this rule through the applicable test methods for coating analysis, capture system, control device and capture efficiency. (2) The control device shall be equipped with the applicable monitoring equipment as specified by the DEQ, which shall be installed, calibrated, operated and maintained accordingto the manufacturer's specifications at all times.

Compliance Determination

The following means shall be used to determine compliance with Section4.0: Measurement of VOC content of materials subject to this rule shall be conducted and reported using one ofthe followingmeans: 

### A. The VOC content of coatings, solvents, and other substances having less 

### tban 5% solids will be determined by the test method BAAQMD Method 3 1 or SCAQMD Method 3 13- 91. 

### B. The VOC content of coatings or other materials having 5% or more solids will be determined by the test method EPA Method 24, BAAQMD Method 31, or SCAQMD Method 313-91. (1) Plastisols, powder coatings, and radiation-cured coatings shall be cured according to the procedures actually used in the coating process being tested before 

### final VOCemission determinationsaremade. (2) In the case ofmulti-component,polymerizing coatingstested accordingto Method 24 shall be modified to eliminate the post-mixing dilution-step (that employs toluene or other solvent). Instead, the mixture shall be spread by appropriate technique to form a thin layer, occupying the entire bottom of the foil pan. Techniques included in the method referenced in EPA Method 

### 18 or EPA Method 25 (and its submethods) canbe used as a guide for such spreading. The VOC content of gaseous emissions entering and exiting an ECS shall be determined either by EPA Method 

### 18 or EPA Method 25 and its submethods. Capture efficiency of an ECS shall be determined either by EPA Method 204 and its submethods, or by using mass balance calculation methods in concert with EPA Methods 2, 2%2c, and 2d. Measurement of 

### air pressure at the center of the spray gun tip and air horns of an 

### airatomizing spray gun shall be performed using 

### an attachable device in proper working order supplied by the gun's manufacturer forperforming such a measurement. Temperature measurements shall be done with 

### an instrument with an accuracy and precision of less 

### thanone-half degreeFahrenheit (0.2S°C) for temperatures up to 480°F (250°C). If improved transfer efficiency application equipment is used to comply with the emission limitations in terms ofkilograms per liter or poundsper gallon solids deposited, the improved transfer efficiencyequipment shall be tested following procedures approved in advance by the DEQ, such as those specified in EPA's "Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Topcoat

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 53Operations", EPA 450/3-88-018, December 1988. The applicable emission limit shall be calculated using the transferefficiency baseline establishedby the DEQ and compliance shall be determined following a calculation procedure approved by the DEQ.

TestMethod
Compliance with the emission standards in Section 4.0 of this Chapter shall be determined by applying the following test methods, which are found at 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, the ASTM methods, or as indicated: 

### A. Methods 1 -4 for determining flowrates; 

### B. Method 18 for determining gaseous organic compound emissions by gas chromatography; 

### C. Test Method 24 for determining volatile matter content, water content, density, volume solids, and weight solids of surface coatings; D. Method 25 for determining total gaseous nomethane organic emissions as carbon, except in cases where the outlet VOC concentration of the control device is less than fifty (50) ppm as carbon, in which case Method 25A shallbe used; E. Method 25A or 25B for determining total gaseous organic concentrations using flame ionization or nondispersive idbred analysis; F. EPA Test Method 204 for criteria for and verification of a permanent or temporary total enclosure, 204a -f (40 CFR Part 5 1, Appendix 

### M); G. California's Bay 

### Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) Method 31, "Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Paint Strippers, Solvent Cleaners, and Low Solids Coatings"; 

### H. California's South Coast

### Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Method 313-91.

Operation andMaintenance Plan For Emission ControlSystems

Submit an Operation and Maintenance Plan (O&M Plan) for emission control systems. The plan shall be submitted for approval within 

### 6months ofthe effective date ofthis regulation. If a source intends 

### to install a new Emission Control System (ECS) as the means ofmeeting the provisions ofthis section, the owner or operator shall notify the DEQ inwriting within 30 days of applicability. Such an ECS shall be in use within 

### 9 months of the effective date of this regulation. The O&M Plan shall be submittedfor approvalupon startup ofthe ECS. Any person incinerating, adsorbing, or otherwise processing VOC emissions pursuant to this section shallprovide, properly install and maintain in calibration, in good working order and in operation, devices described in the facility's O&M Plan that indicate temperatures, pressures, rates of flow, or other operating conditionsnecessary to determine if 

### air pollution control equipmentis functioning properly and is properly maintained.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 54

### Reporting 

### -Initial compliancecertification

Within 6 months of the effective date ofthis regulation, or upon startup of a new surface coating operation or new ECS used to comply with this section, the owner shall provide to the DEQ an initial compliance certification. Owners or operators of surface coating operations that are still in operation six years after the date fiom which the initial compliance certification was provided to the DEQ shall provide an updated compliance certification within 30 days ofthis occurrence.



### Monitoringand Testing

Upon startup of a surface coating operation, changing the control device used on an existing surface coating operation, or upon request by the DEQ, the owner of the surface coating operation shall perform tests and submit to the DEQ, results of all tests and calculations necessary to demonstrate that the surface coating operation will be in compliance with the applicable equipment standards.



### Recordkeeping

The owner of all surface coating operations subject to this section shall establish and maintain all records necessary for determining compliance with the requirements for a period of 5 years. Current List: Maintain a current list of coatings, adhesives, reducers, thinners, gun-cleaning materials, additives, 

### and any other VOC-containing materials regulated by this section; state the VOC content of each 

### as received (before thinning). Express VOC content in one of the following forms: pounds VOC per gallon, kilogramsVOC per liter, or the percent VOC by weight along with the specific gravity or density. Facilities that arenot small surface-coating

sources shall dothe following: (1) Make the followinglistingsfor coatingsand adhesives that have VOC limits in this rule: (a) VOC Before Reducing: The VOC content of each coating asreceived, minus exempt compounds. (This figure is sometimes called the "EPA Method 24" VOC content on manufacturer's data sheets). If the coating is a multi-part coating, list the VOC content which the manufacturer statesthe coating will have once you have mixed 

### all the necessary

### parts together in the proportions specifiedby the manufacturer. (b) List Maximum VOC Content Of Coating As 

### Applied: For each coating that you Wreduceor add any additive to, record in a permanent log eitherofthe following: (i) The maximum number of fluid ounces thinnerlreducer that you ever add to a gallon ofunreduced coating (or maximum ghter), and the maximum fluid ounces of every other additive you 

### mix into a gallon ofthe coating; or (ii) The VOC content of the coating, after adding the maximum amount of thinnerlreducer and other additives that you would ever add, 

### as determined by formula (1) given in the Section entitled "Determination ofVOC Content." (2) Have a hardcopy of the VOC vapor pressure (VP) at 20°C (68°F) of solvent(s) used to clean spray guns, hoses, reservoirs, and any other coating application equipment. Any

one ofthe following ways ofproviding the VP data is sufficient:

GeneralVOC TSD-03090 1Created on 31910 1 55(a) A current manufacturer's technical 

### data sheet; (b) A current manufacturer's safety data sheet (MSDS); (c) Actual test results; or (d) A letter signed by an official or lab manager of the supplyingfacility. Usage Records: Update records, showing the type and amount used of each VOC-containing coating or adhesive which is regulated by name or type, and update each VOC-containing material, related to surface coating, that is not addressed by the specific 

### kg11 or lblgal requirements. This includes, but is not limited to, thinners, surfacers, and diluents. Maintain records according to the following schedule: Small surface-coating sources shall update each month's records of coatinguse by the end ofthe following month. For a sourcethat does not meet the definition of small surface-coating source: (1) Monthly update records of each coating used that complies

### with the VOC limits. Complete a month's update by the end of the following month. 

### (2) Daily update the usage ofeachcoating that exceedsthe VOC limits. For purposes of recording usage, coatings and adhesives that 

### are in the same category and have similar VOC content, may be recorded under a name that includes the category name. The highest VOC content among the members of that grouping shall be assigned to the grouping, roupded to the nearest 10th of 

### a pound or kilogram VOC. To identi& what products belong 

### within each group, after each group name and the group's VOC content of material must appear the name of eachproduct 

### inthe group and itsVOC content of material. Maintain a continuous record of the times an approved emission control device is used to comply 

### with this rule. Record the amount and VOC content of coating, the amount of catalysthardener, and the amounts of solvent, reducer, 

### and diluent used that were subject to ECS control. Maintain daily records of the O&M Plan's key system operating parameters. Account for any periods of operation when the control device was not operating. Maintain records of all maintenance performed accordingto the 

### O&M Plan.

Section 5.0

## - Architectural Coating
Applicability

Rule 1, Section 5.0 is applicable to any person who applies or solicits the application of an architecturalcoating for use on GRIC land.

Theprovisions ofthis rule shall not apply to architectural coatings supplied in containers having capacities of onequart or less.

EmissionStandardri

No person shall employ, apply, evaporate, or dry any architectural coating containing photochemically reactive solvents for industrialor commercial purposes, or thin or dilute any architectural coating

### with a photochemically reactive solvent.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 56For the purposes of this section, "photochemically reactive solvent" shallbe any solvent with

an aggregate of more 

### than 20 percent of its total volume composed of the chemical compounds classified below, or that exceeds any of the following individual percentage composition limitations, referred to the total volume of solvent: 2. A combination of the following types of compounds having an olefinic or cyclo-olefinic type of unsaturation 

## - hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ethers, or ketones: five percent. 

### 3. A combination of aromatic compounds with eight or more carbon atoms to the molecule except ethylbenzene:eightpercent. 4. A combination of ethylbenzene, ketones having branched hydrocarbon structures, trichloroethylene or toluene: 20 percent. Whenever any organic solvent or any constituent of an organic solvent may be classified from its chemical structure into more than one of the above groups or organic compounds, it shall be considered as a member of the group having the least allowable percent of the total volume of solvents.

Section6.0

## - VOC Storage and Transfer
Applicability

Rule 1, Section 6.0 applies to the storage of volatile organic compounds in stationary tanks, reservoirs, or other containers, and the transfer of volatile organic compounds fiom a storage vessel to a tank truck, trailer, or railroad 

### tank car.

VOCs with a true vapor pressure less than 1.5 pounds per square inch absolute (psia) under actual storage conditions are exempt from this section.

Storage of VOCs

Exemption. VOC storage vessels that are subject to equipment standards (e-g., a fixed roof 

### in combination with an internal floating cover, an external floating roof, or a closed vent system and control device) in 40 CFR 

### Part 60 Subparts

### K, Ka, or Kb are exempt. Storage capacities greater than 40,000 gallons. Each VOC storage vessel with a capacity of more than 40,000 gallons shall be a pressure vessel capable of maintaining working pressures that prevent the loss of VOC to the atmosphere or be equipped with a permanent submerged fillpipe and one ofthe following vapor-loss control devices: 1. An external floating roof that consists of a pontoon type or double-deck type cover, or a fixed roof with an internal-floating cover. The cover shall rest on the surface of the liquid contents at all times (i.e., off the leg supports), except during initial fill, when the storage vessel is completely emptied, or during refilling. When the cover is resting on the leg supports,the process offilling, emptying, or refilling shall be continuous and shall be accomplished as rapidly as possible. The floating roof shall be equipped with a closure seal, or seals, to closethe spacebetween the cover edge and vessel wall. Floating

General VOC TSD-03090 1Created on 31910 1 57roofs are not appropriate control devices if the VOCs have a true vapor pressure of 

### 11.1 psia (76.6 kPa) or greater under actual conditions. 2. A vapor-recovery system that consists of a vapor-gathering system capable of collecting 

### 85 percent or more of the uncontrolled VOCs that would otherwise be emitted to the atmosphere and a vapor-disposal system capable of processing these VOCs to prevent their emission to the atmosphere. 3. Other equipment or methods that are of equal efficiency for purposes of 

### air pollution control may be used when approvedby the 

### DEQ prior to installation. Storage capacities of greater than 250 gallons to 40,000 gallons. Each VOC storage vessel with a capacity greater than 250 gallons and up to 40,000 gallons shall be equipped with a permanent submerged fill pipe, be a pressure vessel capable of maintaining working pressures that prevent the loss of VOC to the atmosphere, or be equipped with a vaporrecovery system 

### as described above.

Loading of VOCs

Exemption. Loading facilities subjectto the requirements of40 CFR Part 60 Subpart

### XX or 40 CFR 

### Part 63 Subpart R areexempt. Loading facilities with throughput greater than 40,000 gallonslday. Each VOC loading facility with a throughput greater than 40,000 gallonslday from its aggregate loading pipes shall be equipped with a vapor-collection and disposal system unless all 

### tank trucks, trailers,

or railroad

### tank cars 

### arebottom loaded 

### with hatchesclosed. 1. Va-por-collection portion of the wstem. When loading VOCs through 

### the hatches of a 

### tank truck, trailer, or railroad 

### tank car, using a loading 

### arm equipped with a vapor collecting adapter, a pneumatic, hydraulic, or mechanical means shall be provided to ensure a vapor-tight seal between the adapter and the hatch. When loading is effected through means other than hatches, all loading and vapor lines shall be equipped with fittings that make vapor-tight connections and that must be closed when disconnected or that close automaticallywhen disconnected. 2. Vapor-disF>osal wrtion of 

### the system. The vapor-disposal portion of the system shall consist of a vapor-liquid absorber system 

### with a minimum recovery efficiency of 90 percent by weight of all the VOC vapors and gases entering such 

### disposal system, or a variable-vapor space tank, compressor, and &el-gas system of sufficient capacity to receive all VOC vapors and gases displaced from any 

### tank truck, trailer, or railroad tank

car being loaded. Loading facilities with throughput equal to or less than 40,000 gallons per day. Each loading pipe at a VOC loading facility with an aggregate throughput of40,000 gallonslday or less shall be equipped with a system for submerged filling of 

### tank trucks, trailers, or railroad 

### tank cars that is installed and operated to maintain a 97 percent submerged factor. This appliesto vesselswith a capacity greaterthan 200 gallons. Provisions must be made to prevent spills during the attachment and disconnection of filling lines or arms. No liquid or gaseous leaks shall exist during loading or unloading operations. Tnspection for visible liquid leaks, visible fumes, or significant odors resulting from VOC dispensing operations shall be conducted by the owner or operator of the VOC loading facility or the owner or operator of the tank truck, trailer, or railroad car. VOC loading or

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 319101 5

### 8unloading through the affected transfer lines shall be discontinued immediately when a leak is observed and shall not be resumed until the observed leak is repaired.

Monitoring

The owner and operator of any subject loading facility shall be required to perform an inspection of each loading rack handling volatile organic compounds for facility vapor leaks or liquid leaks, and the vapor collection system and vapor disposal system, if applicable, on the following schedule: 1. monthly, if sight, sound, and smell are used as detectionmethods; 2. quarterly, if an organicvapor analyzeris used to monitor for vapor leaks. Each detection of a leak shall be repaired or replaced within 72 hours. The repaired or replacement component shall be re-inspected the 

### first time the component is in operation afterthe repair or replacement. The owner or operator of any floating roof 

### tank subject to this section shall inspect the 

### tank and seals at least once every 6 months to determine ongoing compliance with both the applicable standards of this section and any permit conditions pertaining to the 

### tank. Determinations of secondary 

### seal gap area on external floating roofs can be made only once per year. Records of these inspections shall be maintained and made available to the DEQ upon request. All storage 

### tankgauging devices, anti-rotationdevices, accesses, seals,hatches, roof drainage systems, support structures, and pressure relief valves shall 

### be maintained 

### and operated to prevent detectable vapor loss except when opened, actuated, or used for necessary and proper activities (e.g., maintenance). Such opening, actuation, or use shall be limited so 

### as to 

### minimize vapor loss. Floatingroof tanks shall have no visible holes, tears, or other openings in the seal or 

### in any 

### seal fabric.

Detectable vapor loss shall be determined visually, by touch, by presence of odor, or using a portable hydrocarbon analyzer. When 

### an analyzer us used, detectable vapor loss means a VOC concentration exceeding 10,000 ppmv. Testing and calibration procedures to deterinhe compliance &dl 

### be consistentwith 

### EPA reference method 21 of 40 

### CFR Part 60. The reference compound may be methane or hexane, and a leak is dehed as a reading of 10,000 ppmv ofthe reference compound.

For tanks subject to this section, keep accurate records of the liquids stored in such tanks including either the true orthe Reid vapor pressure ranges of each stored liquid. For loading facilities subject to this section, keep a daily record of the total throughput of VOC loaded at the facility, 

### and the number of delivery vessels loaded at the facility and the quantity and type ofVOC loaded. The results of inspections required by this section, including a record of any leaks found at the facility and the corrective actionstaken.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 59For vapor loss control systems: Daily measurements of the exhaust gas temperature immediatelydownstream of a directflame incinerator; Daily measurements of the inlet and outlet gas temperature of a chiller or catalytic incinerator; The results of monitoring outlet VOC concentration of a carbon adsorption bed to detect breakthrough. The date and reason for any maintenance and repair of any applicable control devicesand the estimated quantity and duration ofVOC emissionsduring such activities. The results of any performancetestingconducted asper this section.

Compliance Determination
- TestMetho&
Compliance with the emission standards in Section 6.0 of this regulation shall be determined by applying the following test methods, which are found at 40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A, the ASTM methods, or as indicated: A. Methods 1-4for determining flow rates, as necessary; B. Method 18 for determining gaseous organic compound emissions by gas chromatography; C. Vapor Collection/Processing System: Control efficiency of a vapor collection1 processing system shall be determined according to EPA Reference Method 25A or Method 25B subsequentto DEQ's approval ofthe test protocol. Leaktests to verifj.a gastight state of the equipment associated with the vapor collection/processing device, including the piping outside of the loading area, shall be conducted according to EPA Reference

### Method 21. D. True Vapor Pressure: True vapor pressure shall be determined by ASTM Method 2879- 83 and by temperature measurement under actual conditionsusing 

### an instrument accurate to within rt 1 degree Fahrenheit or 5 0.5 degree Celsius. For purposes of recording and rewg, 

### the Reid vapor pressure 

### and the foregoing temperature detea-mination may be used in conjunction with the method of American Petroleum Institute Bulletin 2517, February, 1980, to determine true vapor pressure, unless the 

### DEQ specifies ASTM Method 2879-83. E. Reid Vapor Pressure: Reid vapo~ pressure shall be determined by ASTM Method D323-82 or by ASTM Method D-5 191.

General VOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 60

-Appendix A -Site VisitNotes, Process Diagrams, and Other Supporting Materials

GeneralVOC TSD-030901 Created on 3/9/01 61