IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE

AT NASHVILLE

Assigned on Briefs July 16, 2019

STATE OF TENNESSEE v. LARRY SEXTON

Appeal from the Circuit Court for Lawrence County

No. 33355 Robert L. Jones, Judge

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No. M2018-00874-CCA-R3-CD

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A Lawrence County Circuit Court Jury convicted the Appellant, Larry Sexton, of 

aggravated statutory rape, a Class D felony, and the trial court sentenced him as a Range 

III, career offender to twelve years in confinement. On appeal, the Appellant contends 

that the trial court erred by allowing the State to reopen its proof after he moved for a 

judgment of acquittal and by sentencing him as a career offender. Based upon the record 

and the parties’ briefs, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.

Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed

NORMA MCGEE OGLE, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which THOMAS T.

WOODALL and ALAN E. GLENN, JJ., joined.

M. Wallace Coleman, Jr., Lawrenceburg, Tennessee, for the appellant, Larry Sexton.

Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Renee W. Turner, Senior Assistant 

Attorney General; Brent A. Cooper, District Attorney General; and Gary Howell and 

Christie Thompson, Assistant District Attorneys General, for the appellee, State of 

Tennessee.

OPINION

I. Factual Background

In July 2015, the Lawrence County Grand Jury filed a two-count indictment, 

charging the Appellant with rape and contributing to the delinquency of a minor. The 

State later indicted him for aggravated statutory rape and nolle prosequied the first two 

counts. The Appellant went to trial for aggravated statutory rape in November 2017.

11/05/2019
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At trial, the victim’s mother testified that in May 2015, she was living in Loretto

with her son and two daughters, one of whom was the victim. The victim was born in 

April 1999 and was sixteen years old. On the night of May 9, the victim’s mother and 

her children were at their home. Jimmy Joyner and his son, Bryce, also were there. At 

some point, the Appellant arrived in his new pickup truck. The victim’s mother said that 

she had known the Appellant for two years, that he was a friend, and that his daughter 

was about one year older than the victim. The victim and the Appellant’s daughter went 

to the same high school and spent the night at each other’s houses from time to time. 

The victim’s mother testified that the Appellant offered to take Bryce1and the 

victim for a ride in his truck. The three of them left in the truck and were gone fifteen to 

twenty minutes. When they returned, the victim’s mother, Jimmy, and Bryce decided to 

go to The Cowpen in St. Joe’s to play pool. The Appellant was still at the house when 

they left, but he was getting ready to leave. 

The victim’s mother testified that she drove to The Cowpen. However, no one 

was there, so she drove across the street to Parker’s bar. Only a few cars were in the

bar’s parking lot, so she decided to show Bryce some land she owned on Union Hill 

Road. The victim’s mother and the Joyners left Parker’s bar about 11:20 p.m., and the 

drive to the property took about twenty-five minutes. When they arrived at the property, 

the victim’s mother drove toward a shed that she used as a cabin. The cabin had a deck 

on it. The victim’s mother saw the front of the Appellant’s truck turned toward the cabin, 

and the truck’s headlights were shining on the deck. The victim was lying on her back on 

the deck, and the Appellant was on top of the victim. They were not wearing any clothes. 

The victim’s mother said that the Appellant “spun off” the victim and headed toward his

truck and that she assumed he was going to get some clothing. The victim’s mother got 

out of her vehicle and “took off after him.” She said that she hit him more than one time 

and that she “called him all kinds of names.” 

The victim’s mother testified that Bryce helped the victim get into her mother’s 

vehicle. The victim’s mother said that the victim was “somewhat incoherent” and that 

“[y]ou could tell she was intoxicated and she just wouldn’t answer us.” The victim was 

not intoxicated when her mother and the Joyners left to go to The Cowpen. 

The victim’s mother testified that the Appellant got dressed and started saying he 

was sorry. He got into his truck, the victim’s mother got into her vehicle, and the 

victim’s mother called 911. The Appellant drove away, and the victim’s mother drove 

back to Union Hill Road to wait for the police. She saw the Appellant’s truck pull into a 

driveway on Union Hill Road, so she blocked his truck with her vehicle. She said she 

 

1 Because the Joyners share a surname, we will refer to them by their first names for clarity.
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“tried to jerk him out of the truck” and “scratched out at his eyes.” The police arrived ten 

to fifteen minutes later. 

On cross-examination, the victim’s mother acknowledged that the victim had two 

Facebook pages. One of the pages was still accessible to viewers, but the victim no 

longer used the page. The page showed the victim’s birthdate as April 13, 1990. The 

second page was the victim’s active Facebook page and showed her birthdate as April 13, 

1996. The victim’s mother said that sometime in April 2015, she rode with the Appellant 

to a friend’s house. She denied having a sexual relationship with him.

The victim’s mother testified that beer was in her home and that she began 

drinking beer about 11:00 p.m. on May 9, 2015. She said that she did not see the victim 

drink any alcohol and denied telling the police that she allowed the victim to consume 

vodka that night.

Sergeant Timothy Vess of the Lawrence County Sheriff’s Department (LCSD) 

testified that just before midnight on May 9, 2015, he responded to a call on Union Hill 

Road about a juvenile female who had been sexually assaulted. When Sergeant Vess 

arrived, the victim’s mother was yelling at the Appellant, who was sitting in his truck and 

was wearing only a pair of shorts. Sergeant Vess separated the victim’s mother and the 

Appellant and asked the Appellant if he had had sex with the victim. The Appellant said 

yes but that he did not know she was underage. Sergeant Vess called an ambulance for 

the victim but did not speak with her.

Heather Wilson testified that she was a registered nurse at Crockett Hospital. In 

the early morning hours of May 10, 2015, Wilson was called to the emergency room and 

was present while a doctor collected evidence from the victim for a sexual assault kit. 

The evidence consisted of a blood sample, vaginal swabs, oral swabs, and pubic hair 

combings. The victim’s underwear was not with her and was collected at the scene of the 

alleged assault. Wilson said that the victim attempted to walk to the bathroom and that 

the victim was “very wobbly.” The victim also was “very sleepy the entire time.”

Investigator Jeff Dunn testified that on May 9, 2015, he was a criminal 

investigator with the LCSD and responded to the scene on Union Hill Road. An 

ambulance was leaving with the victim as he arrived. Investigator Dunn learned that the 

alleged assault had occurred at another location, so he and two other officers went “just a 

short distance down the road.” Investigator Dunn saw a wood outbuilding with a porch. 

Two blankets, some clothing, and what appeared to be a used condom were on the porch. 

He also saw a used condom wrapper and a box of condoms that had been “ripped open.” 

The box was supposed to contain three condoms, but only two wrapped condoms were in 

the box.
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Investigator Dunn testified that he swabbed the inside and the outside of the used 

condom. He later collected oral swabs from the victim and the Appellant and sent all of 

the swabs to the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation (TBI) Crime Laboratory. He also 

collected the victim’s sexual assault kit and sent it to the TBI. Investigator Dunn tried to 

talk with the victim that night, but she was unable to give him any information about the 

incident.

Heather Lenzy of the TBI Crime Laboratory testified as an expert in forensic 

biology and analysis that she analyzed the evidence collected in this case and that the 

condom found on the porch was not suitable for analysis because it was “covered in 

mold.” She analyzed the swab of the outside of the condom, and the swab was negative 

for semen. The swab of the inside of the condom showed the presence of semen but not 

sperm. She stated that finding semen without sperm was not unusual and could be 

explained by a vasectomy, a low sperm count, or “a very small amount of semen” in the 

condom. The oral and vaginal swabs from the victim’s sexual assault kit did not show 

the presence of semen. 

Carrie Schmittgen, a special agent forensic scientist with the TBI, testified as an 

expert in forensic biology that she analyzed the condom swabs for DNA. DNA on the 

swab of the outside of the condom matched the victim, and DNA on the swab of the 

inside of the condom matched the victim, the Appellant, and an unknown individual. 

Agent Schmittgen acknowledged that the presence of DNA from a third person could 

have resulted from the swab’s collection process. On cross-examination, Agent 

Schmittgen acknowledged that the Appellant’s DNA was not on the swab of the outside 

of the condom.

The State recalled Investigator Dunn to the stand. According to the Appellant’s 

driver’s license information, he was born in March 1972.

The jury found the Appellant guilty of aggravated statutory rape, a Class D felony. 

After a sentencing hearing, the trial court sentenced him as a Range III, career offender to 

twelve years to be served at sixty percent release eligibility.

II. Analysis

A. Recall of Investigator Dunn

The Appellant contends that the trial court erred by allowing the State to reopen its 

proof after he moved for a judgment of acquittal so that Investigator Dunn could testify 

about his age. The State argues that the trial court acted within its discretion when it 
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allowed the State to recall Investigator Dunn and that, in any event, the proof was 

sufficient to show that the Appellant was much older than the victim. We conclude that 

the trial court did not abuse its discretion by allowing the State to reopen its proof.

At the conclusion of Agent Schmittgen’s testimony, the trial court dismissed the 

jury for the day, and the State advised the court that it did not intend to call any additional 

witnesses. When court resumed the next day, the trial court asked the prosecutor “if the 

State was, in fact, resting its proof-in-chief,” and the prosecutor responded, “[W]e are, 

Judge.” At that point, defense counsel made a motion for judgment of acquittal on the 

basis that the State failed to present any proof of the Appellant’s age, which was a 

necessary element of aggravated statutory rape. Defense counsel argued, “They must 

prove Mr. Sexton is at least ten years older than the victim, and in this case, they have not 

done so.” 

The prosecutor responded that he thought the victim’s mother testified about the 

Appellant’s age but that he would recall Investigator Dunn to the stand “out of an 

abundance of caution.” Defense counsel asserted that the trial court should not allow the

State to reopen its proof “because the State just rested.” The prosecutor noted that “we 

haven’t announced to the jury that we’ve rested” and contended that the trial court should 

allow the State to reopen its proof so that the State could have Investigator Dunn testify 

about the Appellant’s age from the Appellant’s driver’s license. The prosecutor noted, 

“And there’s certainly circumstantial evidence already in the record. [The victim’s 

mother] testified that [the Appellant] had a daughter that was one-year older than her 

daughter. So unless he had that daughter at the age of nine, he would be at least ten years 

older than [the victim].” 

The trial court ruled that the “official resting of the case” had to occur in the 

presence of the jury and that the State could recall Investigator Dunn to the stand. The 

State recalled Investigator Dunn, and he testified that information from the Appellant’s 

driver’s license showed the Appellant was born in March 1972. At the conclusion of his 

testimony, the State pronounced that it was resting its case-in-chief. 

“Aggravated statutory rape is the unlawful sexual penetration of a victim by the 

defendant, or of the defendant by the victim when the victim is at least thirteen (13) but 

less than eighteen (18) years of age and the defendant is at least ten (10) years older than 

the victim.” Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-13-506(c). Thus, the State was required to prove that 

the Appellant was at least twenty-six years old on May 9, 2015.

Initially, we disagree with the trial court’s determination that the State had not 

closed its proof when it requested to recall Investigator Dunn to the stand. After Agent 

Schmittgen’s testimony, the State advised the trial court that it did not intend to call any 
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additional witnesses. The next morning, the State advised the trial court that it was 

resting its case-in-chief. Based on the State’s assertions, defense counsel made, and the 

trial court entertained, a motion for judgment of acquittal. Therefore, in our view, the 

State had closed its proof even though it had not done so formally in front of the jury. 

See Tenn. R. Crim. P. 29(b) (providing that defendant may make a motion or trial court 

may order judgment of acquittal “after the evidence on either side is closed”); State v. 

James, 315 S.W.3d 440, 455 (Tenn. 2010) (providing that Rule 29(b) “empowers the trial 

judge to direct a judgment of acquittal when the evidence is insufficient to warrant a 

conviction either at the time the [S]tate rests or at the conclusion of all the evidence”).

This court has observed that “the decision of whether to reopen the proof for 

further evidence is within the discretion of the trial court, and the decision of the trial 

court will not be set aside unless there is a showing that an injustice has been done.” 

State v. Brock, 940 S.W.2d 577, 580 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1996). Here, the trial court 

allowed the State to recall Investigator Dunn briefly in order to present additional proof 

of the Appellant’s age. As noted by the State, the State already had presented 

circumstantial evidence that the Appellant was at least ten years older than the victim. 

Specifically, the victim’s mother had testified that the Appellant’s daughter was in high 

school and was about one year older than the sixteen-year-old victim, and the jury was 

able to view the Appellant in the courtroom.2 Thus, we are unable to conclude that the 

trial court abused its discretion or that an injustice was done to the Appellant. 

B. Career Offender

The Appellant claims that the trial court erred by sentencing him as a career 

offender. The State argues that the trial court did not err. We agree with the State. 

On November 17, 2017, the State filed a notice of intent to seek enhanced 

punishment as a career offender pursuant to Rule 12.5, Tennessee Rules of Criminal 

Procedure. The notice listed the following felony convictions for the Appellant from the 

Nineteenth Circuit Court of St. Lucie County, Florida: (1) “Larceny X 5,” burglary of a 

conveyance, and possession of burglary tools with a conviction date of July 26, 1994; (2) 

burglary of a conveyance and damage to property with a conviction date of January 17, 

1995; (3) burglary of a dwelling with a conviction date of February 3, 1997; (4) grand 

theft of a motor vehicle committed on October 8, 1998, with a conviction date of 

December 30, 1998; and (5) grand theft of a motor vehicle committed on November 13, 

1998, with a conviction date of December 30, 1998. The notice also listed attempted 

 

2 We note that at the outset of trial, prior to the jury’s entering the courtroom, the trial court 

commented, “I assume, just by looking at Mr. Sexton, and from the date of his birth alleged in the 

indictment, that there’s no way the jury could conclude that he’s less than ten years [older than the 

victim].”
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bribery of a witness with a conviction date of April 5, 2017, in the Lawrence County 

Circuit Court.

At the Appellant’s January 4, 2018 sentencing hearing, the State introduced his 

presentence report into evidence. Defense counsel objected to the admission of the report 

on hearsay grounds, but the trial court overruled the objection. According to the report, 

the then forty-five-year-old Appellant was married and had one daughter, one son, and 

two stepsons. The Appellant told the investigating officer who prepared the report that 

he graduated from Westwood High School in St. Lucie, Florida. However, when the 

officer contacted Melodie Golden in the attendance office at Westwood, Golden reported 

that the Appellant dropped out of Westwood after the ninth grade and did not attend any 

other high school in the St. Lucie School District. In the report, the Appellant described 

his physical health as “good” and his mental health as “fair” and stated that he began 

drinking alcohol when he was fifteen years old but stopped drinking in 2014. The 

Appellant denied using any nonprescription or illegal drugs and said that he had been the 

“owner/operator” of Sexton Truck Company since 1996.

The report showed that the Appellant began committing crimes when he was 

twenty-one-years old and that he had numerous prior felony and misdemeanor 

convictions in St. Lucie, Florida, and Lawrence County, Tennessee. Of the prior 

convictions in the report, the State advised the trial court that it was relying on the 

following convictions in St. Lucie, Florida, to establish the Appellant’s status as a career 

offender: two convictions on December 30, 1998, for grand theft of a vehicle; a 

conviction on February 3, 1997, for burglary of a dwelling; a conviction on January 17, 

1995, for burglary of a conveyance; and a conviction on July 26, 1994, for grand larceny. 

The State also advised the trial court that it was relying on a September 6, 1989 

conviction in St. Lucie, Florida, for escape, which was not listed in the presentence 

report. For the six convictions, the State introduced into evidence photocopies of 

certified judgments of conviction. The State advised the trial court that it had introduced 

the original certified judgments of conviction into evidence at another sentencing hearing 

for the Appellant on April 5, 2017, and requested that the trial court take judicial notice 

of the originals from the previous hearing. The Appellant objected to the documents as 

hearsay, but the trial court overruled the objection. Finally, the State introduced into 

evidence a certified judgment of conviction from the Lawrence County Circuit Court for 

a 2017 conviction of attempted bribery of a witness, a Class D felony. The State argued 

that based on the Appellant’s seven prior felony convictions, he qualified as a career 

offender. 

The trial court noted that aggravated statutory rape was a Class D felony and that 

the Appellant had to have at least six prior Class D or E felony convictions in order to be 

sentenced as a career offender. The court found that the Appellant’s six prior convictions 
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in Florida qualified him as a career offender and sentenced him as a Range III, career 

offender to twelve years in confinement.

On appeal, the Appellant contends that the trial court erred by considering his 

presentence report and the copies of the certified judgments of conviction from Florida 

because the documents were hearsay. We conclude that the trial court properly used the 

prior convictions to sentence the Appellant as a career offender.

As noted by the trial court, aggravated statutory rape is a Class D felony. Tenn. 

Code Ann. § 39-13-506(d)(3). Relevant to this case, a defendant is a career offender if 

the defendant has received “[a]t least six (6) prior felony convictions of any classification 

if the defendant’s conviction offense is a Class D or E felony.” Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-

35-108(a)(3). If a trial court determines that a defendant is a career offender, the 

defendant shall receive the maximum punishment in the range for a Range III offender. 

Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-108(c). The maximum punishment for a Range III offender 

convicted of a Class D felony is twelve years. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-112(c)(4). 

Furthermore, the release eligibility for a career offender is sixty percent less sentence 

credits earned and retained by the defendant. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-35-501(f).

As to the Appellant’s claim that his presentence report was inadmissible hearsay, 

Tennessee Code Annotated section 40-35-209(b) provides that in a sentencing hearing, 

reliable hearsay is admissible as long as a defendant “is accorded a fair opportunity to 

rebut any hearsay evidence so admitted.” “This court has consistently held the 

presentence report to be reliable hearsay.” State v. Adams, 45 S.W.2d 46, 59 (Tenn.

Crim. App. 2000). Therefore, the trial court did not err by using the Florida convictions 

listed in the Appellant’s presentence report to sentence him as a career offender.

Moreover, the State introduced into evidence photocopies of certified judgments 

of conviction for the offenses, which the State had introduced into evidence at a prior 

sentencing hearing for the Appellant. The Lawrence County Circuit Court Clerk attached 

a document to the photocopies, certifying that they were true and correct copies of the 

original certified judgments filed in the prior hearing. Moreover, the State requested that 

the trial court take judicial notice of the originals, and the trial court did so. See Tenn. R. 

Evidence 201(b), (c). In our view, the better practice would have been for the State to 

introduce original certified judgments of conviction into evidence at the sentencing 

hearing in the present case. In any event, the presentence report’s being reliable hearsay 

“[makes] it unnecessary in most instances to introduce certified copies of convictions.” 

State v. Alton Tappan, No. W2006-00168-CCA-R3-CD, 2007 WL 1556657, at *7 (Tenn. 

Crim. App. at Jackson, May 29, 2007) (citing State v. Adams, 45 S.W.3d 46, 59 (Tenn.

Crim. App. 2000)). Therefore, we conclude that the trial court properly sentenced the 

Appellant as a career offender.
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We note that the Appellant also contends that the trial court erred by finding that 

he had six or more prior qualifying felonies because “multiple convictions resulting from 

a crime spree that were adjudicated in a single proceeding could not be used to bump the 

sentencing range” and because “a ‘prior conviction’ means a conviction that has been 

adjudicated prior to the commission of the more recent offense for which sentence is to 

be imposed.” However, the Appellant does not make any argument as to how those two 

principles apply to his convictions. Therefore, any issue he has attempted to raise in that 

regard has been waived. See Tenn. Ct. Crim. App. R. 10(b); Tenn. R. App. P. 27(a)(7).

III. Conclusion

Based upon the record and the parties’ briefs, we affirm the judgment of the trial 

court.

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NORMA MCGEE OGLE, JUDGE