Comprehensive 

Assessment of 

Demand-Side 

Resource Potentials 

(2014–2033)

FINAL REPORT

May 2013

Prepared for:

Puget Sound Energy

Prepared by:

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services

720 SW Washington Street, Suite 400

Portland, OR 97205

503.228.2992
Principal Investigators:

Hossein Haeri

Fred Schaefer

Jessica Aiona

Tina Jayaweera

Travis Walker

The Cadmus Group, Inc.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services

Table of Contents: Volume I

Executive Summary .............................................................................................1

Overview .............................................................................................................. 1

Summary of Results ............................................................................................. 1

Energy Efficiency ........................................................................................... 2

Fuel Conversion............................................................................................. 6

Demand Response ........................................................................................ 7

Distributed Generation ................................................................................... 8

Comparison to the 6th Plan ................................................................................... 8

Residential Sector.......................................................................................... 9

Commercial Sector....................................................................................... 10

Industrial Sector ........................................................................................... 10

Incorporation of DSR into PSE’s IRP.................................................................. 10

Organization of the Report ................................................................................. 12

1. General Approach and Methodology ......................................................... 13

General Approach .............................................................................................. 13

About Levelized Costs ................................................................................. 13

Data Sources ............................................................................................... 15

Energy Efficiency................................................................................................ 16

Overview ...................................................................................................... 17

Developing Baseline Forecasts.................................................................... 18

Estimating Technical Potential ..................................................................... 19

Incorporation of Upcoming Codes and Standards........................................ 21

Naturally Occurring Conservation ................................................................ 26

Achievable Technical Potential .................................................................... 27

Fuel Conversion ................................................................................................. 27

Demand Response............................................................................................. 28

Scope of Analysis......................................................................................... 28

General Approach........................................................................................ 29

About Residential DLC................................................................................. 31

Distributed Generation........................................................................................ 31

Incorporation of Demand Side Resources into PSE’s IRP ................................. 32

About Hourly DSR Estimates ....................................................................... 32

2. Energy-Efficiency Potentials....................................................................... 37

Scope of Analysis ............................................................................................... 37

Summary of Resource Potentials—Electric........................................................ 37

Summary of Resource Potentials—Natural Gas................................................. 39
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Detailed Resource Potentials ............................................................................. 41

Residential Sector—Electric......................................................................... 41

Residential Sector—Natural Gas ................................................................. 44

Commercial Sector—Electric ....................................................................... 46

Commercial Sector—Natural Gas................................................................ 49

Industrial Sector—Electric............................................................................ 51

Industrial Sector—Natural Gas..................................................................... 53

3. Fuel Conversion Potentials ......................................................................... 55

Scope of Analysis ............................................................................................... 55

Summary of Resource Potentials ....................................................................... 55

Detailed Resource Potentials ............................................................................. 56

Residential Sector........................................................................................ 56

Commercial Sector....................................................................................... 59

4. Demand Response Potentials..................................................................... 63

Scope of Analysis ............................................................................................... 63

Summary of Resource Potentials ....................................................................... 63

Resource Costs and Supply Curves ............................................................ 64

Resource Acquisition Schedule.................................................................... 65

Detailed Resource Potentials by Program Strategy............................................ 67

Residential DLC ........................................................................................... 67

Nonresidential Load Curtailment.................................................................. 72

CPP.............................................................................................................. 74

5. Distributed Generation ................................................................................ 81
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Table of Contents: Volume II

Appendix A: Methodological Consistency with the 6th Northwest Power Plan

Appendix B: Technical Supplements: Energy Efficiency 

B.1: Baseline Data

B.2: Measure Descriptions

B.3: Measure-Level Inputs and Potential

B.4: Detailed Potential Results

Appendix C: Technical Supplements: Fuel Conversion

Appendix D: Conditional Demand Modeling 
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Overview

This report summarizes the results of an independent study of the technical and achievable 

potential for electric and natural gas demand-side resources (DSR) in Puget Sound Energy’s 

(PSE) service territory from 2014 to 2033. PSE commissioned the study as part of its biennial 

integrated resource planning (IRP) process. 

The study, building upon PSE’s 2012–2031 assessment of DSR resources, incorporates PSE’s 

programmatic accomplishments in the intervening years. Further, it updates baseline and DSR 

data informed by primary and secondary data collection, and is informed by the work of other 

entities in the region, such as the Northwest Power and Conservation Council (the Council) and 

the Northwest Regional Technical Forum (RTF). The methods used to evaluate the technical and 

achievable technical potential draw upon best utility industry practices, and remain consistent 

with the methodology used by the Council in its assessment of regional conservation potentials 

in the Northwest 6th Regional Power Plan (6th Plan). 

Summary of Results

Table 1 summarizes the potentials identified in this study. As shown, electric DSRs account for 

619 aMW and 1,017 winter peak MW of achievable technical potential by 2033. These potentials 

represent 19% of retail energy sales and 22% of winter peak demand.

1

Similarly, achievable 

technical natural gas potential accounts for 21% of forecasted 2033 retail sales. High-level 

potentials by resource follow below, with more detailed results presented in the body of 

this report. All values are reported at generator and assume line loss of 6.9% for electric 

resources and 0.8% for gas resources. In addition, the numbers discussed in this report do not 

account for intra-year ramping. DSR bundles used as input into PSE’s IRP analysis do reflect 

intra-year ramping, as discussed in “Chapter 1: General Approach and Methodology” under 

“About Hourly DSR Estimates.”

 

1 Demand response potentials do not account for program interactions; thus, this potential would likely be 

reduced if multiple programs were competing for participants.
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Table 1. Summary of Energy and Capacity Saving Potentials, Cumulative in 2033

Energy

(aMW / million therms)

Winter Coincident Peak 

Capacity

(MW)

Resource

Technical

Potential

Achievable 

Technical

Potential

Technical

Potential

Achievable 

Technical

Potential

Electric Resources

 Energy Efficiency 714 521 878 661

 Fuel Conversion 240 61 575 110

 Demand Response N/A N/A N/A 213

Distributed Generation N/A 36 N/A 33

Electric Resources Total 954 619 1,017

Natural Gas Resources

Energy Efficiency 347 229 N/A N/A

Energy Efficiency

Table 2 shows 2033 forecasted baseline electric sales and potential by sector. Study results 

indicate 714 aMW of technically feasible electric energy-efficiency potential will be available by 

2033, the end of the 20-year planning horizon. Upon taking market constraints into account, this 

translates to an achievable technical potential of 521 aMW. Provided all this potential proves

cost-effective and realizable, it will result in a 16% reduction in 2033 forecast retail sales. 

Consistent with the Council’s method, this study assumes that 85% of electric resources will be 

achievable over time. However, due to the timing of lost opportunity resource acquisition, 

achievable technical potential amounts to less than 85% of technical potential (described in 

greater detail in Section 1: General Approach and Methodology).

Table 2. Electric Energy-Efficiency Potential by Sector, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential

Sector

Baseline 

Sales aMW

Percent of 

Baseline Sales aMW

Percent of 

Baseline Sales

Residential 1,619 356 22% 240 15%

Commercial 1,546 331 21% 258 17%

Industrial 132 28 21% 23 18%

Total 3,297 714 22% 521 16%

Table 3 shows 2033 forecasted baseline natural gas sales and potential by sector. Study results 

indicate roughly 350 million therms of technically feasible natural gas energy-efficiency 

potential by 2033, translating to an achievable technical potential of 231 million therms. If all 

this potential proves cost-effective and realizable, it will result in a 21% reduction in 2033 

forecasted retail sales.
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Table 3. Natural Gas Energy-Efficiency Potential by Sector, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential

Sector

Baseline 

Sales

Million 

Therms

Percent of 

Baseline Sales

Million 

Therms

Percent of 

Baseline Sales

Residential 668 226 34% 147 22%

Commercial 404 120 30% 81 20%

Industrial 26 4 16% 3 12%

Total 1,099 350 32% 231 21%

Comparison to 2011 IRP

This energy-efficiency potential assessment largely updates the analysis conducted for PSE’s 

2011 IRP. However, a number of differences between the two studies have led to differences in 

technical and, thus, achievable technical potential. These differences primarily include:

 Updating residential baseline data from PSE’s 2010 Residential Characteristic 

Survey (RCS);

 Utilization of PSE’s most recent energy and sales forecasts;

 Incorporation of assumptions, data, and new measures from the RTF;

 Adjustments to remaining potential, based on PSE’s actual 2010–2011 and projected 

2012–2013 energy-efficiency program accomplishments;

 Updating data on measure costs, savings, lifetime, and applicability; and

 Incorporation of new codes and standards.

 Use of Simple Energy and Enthalpy Model (SEEM) building simulations. 

By sector, Table 4compares electric and natural gas technical potentials from the two studies. At 

an aggregate level, the study indicates electric technical potential approximately 31% (318 

aMW) lower than that of the 2011 IRP (714 aMW in the 2013 IRP vs. 1,032 aMW in the 2011 

IRP). 

Table 4. Comparison of Energy-Efficiency Technical Potential, 2011 IRP to 2013 IRP

Electric (aMW) Natural Gas (million therms)

Sector 2011 IRP 2013 IRP 2011 IRP 2013 IRP

Residential 608 356 305 226

Commercial 401 331 118 120

Industrial 24 28 7 4

Total 1,032 714 430 350

Four factors largely drive this decrease, listed in order of their magnitude:
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 Higher saturations of efficient plug loads in the residential and commercial sectors, 

informed by recent ENERGY STAR shipment data.

2

Table compares ENERGY STAR 

equipment penetrations from the 2011 and 2013 IRPs. 

Table 5. Comparison of ENERGY STAR Plug Load Equipment Penetrations

ENERGY STAR Penetration

End Use 2011 IRP 2013 IRP

Computer 10% 60%

Dehumidifier 75% 77%

DVD 44% 63%

Home Audio System 39% 34%

Monitor 12% 70%

Set Top Box 5% 51%

TV 12% 74%

Higher ENERGY STAR equipment penetrations contribute to a 102 aMW decrease in 

20-year technical potential in the residential sector and 17 aMW decrease in the 

commercial sector. Overall, this accounts for roughly 37% of the total difference.3

 PSE Energy Efficiency program activity, most notably with efficient lighting; Residential 

lighting 20-year savings is 88 aMW lower in the 2013 IRP, compared to the 2011 IRP. 

This accounts for 28% of the total difference in 20-year technical potential between the 

two studies. 

 Additional codes and standards, and a more robust analysis of codes and standards 

considered in the 2011 IRP; This had the largest impact in the commercial sector, where 

standards were not treated as rigorously in the 2011 IRP. This change accounts for 21% 

of the decrease. 

 Measure updates from various sources, including the RTF. This accounts for the 

remaining 14% of the 318 aMW decrease. 

As with the electric energy-efficiency resource, the study indicates lower natural gas technical 

potential (350 MM therms vs. 430 MM therms). As illustrated in Table 4, most the difference is 

in the residential sector. This is primarily due to lower savings for a handful of residential 

measures where Cadmus updated savings using building simulations. 

For the residential sector, the Council and RTF use the Simple Energy and Enthalpy Model 

(SEEM), a building simulation model.4 Cadmus used SEEM v0.94 to develop estimates of both 

gas and electric HVAC baseline and measure consumptions (e.g., central air conditioning, heat 

 

2 United States Environmental Protection Agency. “ENERGY STAR Unit Shipment and Sales Data Archives.” 

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=partners.unit_shipment_data_archives

3Updated ENERGY STAR saturations contributed to 16 aMW decrease in commercial plug load.

4

http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/rtf/measures/support/SEEM/Default.asp
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pumps, furnaces and insulation) in single-family, multifamily, and manufactured homes.5 Model 

inputs were adjusted for PSE’s territory, thereby customizing parameters such as building square 

feet and climate zones to match customer-specific data. Thus, the methodology to estimate 

savings was the same as used by the Council and RTF, but the actual savings differ due to unique 

characteristics of houses within PSE’s service territory compared to Northwest regional 

averages.6

Table 5 lists five top residential gas saving measures from the 2011 assessment and provides a 

comparison of savings between the two assessments. These five measures account for roughly 

84% of the decrease in gas technical potential. 

Table 5. Measures with Reduced Savings in 2013 Assessment. 

Measure Name

2011 IRP 

(million 

therms)

2013 IRP 

(million 

therms)

Change in 2013 Assessment

Thermal Shell - Infiltration @0.2 ACH 

w/HRV 25 3 Building simulations indicate lower savings

Ceiling Insulation 22 7 Building simulations indicate lower savings

Thermostat - Multi-Zone 19 5

Reduced applicability of measure. Measure 

removed from multifamily in 2013 study. 

Wall Insulation 2x4 17 10 Building simulations indicate lower savings

Duct Sealing - Aerosol-Based 15 5 Building simulations indicate lower savings

Total 97 30

In general, the 2011 IRP estimated higher gas consumption for new construction than for 2013 

study. This difference can explain most of the variation in the discrepancies. The 2011 gas 

consumption values were originally developed for the 2008 potential study, which were based on 

ENERGY-10 building simulations. The 2013 study used SEEM building simulations to estimate 

electric consumption then convert to gas consumption (accounting for efficiency differences). 

The SEEM models were developed for the 2013 study to provide a better consistency with the 

RTF analytic approach, which also used SEEM modeling. The lower gas baseline consumptions 

for 2013 result in lower savings potential. Other differences can be explained by the measure 

assumptions used in the analysis. 

 

 Thermal Shell - Infiltration @0.2 ACH w/HRV: The 2011 study estimated savings are based 

on 6th Power Plan engineering calculations deemed values resulting in 19% savings. The 

2013 study savings are derived directly from SEEM modeling inputs and resulted in 9%. 

 Ceiling Insulation: The 2011 study estimated savings are based on 6th Power Plan 

engineering calculations deemed values. The 2013 study savings are derived directly from 

SEEM modeling inputs. For example, in 2011 R-0 to R-49 resulted in 56% savings while in 

2013 the same measure resulted in 15% to 21% depending on end use. 

 

5 Cadmus recognizes that the Council and RTF only model electric energy-efficiency. For consistency across fuels, 

Cadmus used SEEM models for both electric and gas measures. 

6 The Northwest region includes Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and Western Montana.
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 Wall Insulation 2x4: The applicability (technical limitations and available penetration) for 

this measure was updated for the 2013 study. The 2011 study determined 16% applicability. 

This was updated to 9% for 2013 to account for additional limitations such knob and tube 

wiring and access space as well as PSE’s accomplishments for the past 2 years. 

 Duct Sealing: The 2011 study savings are based on percent savings of 10% from ENERGY 

STAR assumptions. The 2013 study savings are derived directly from SEEM modeling 

inputs resulting in 5% savings. Additional applicability adjustments were made for the 2013 

resulting in a reduction in potential. 

Fuel Conversion

The fuel conversion analysis estimates available potential from converting electric equipment to 

natural gas for two main customer types: customers in PSE’s natural gas service territory who do 

not currently have natural gas service; and those who do have natural gas service, but retain 

electric equipment (e.g., water heaters or appliances) that could be converted to natural gas.

Table 6 shows the available technical and achievable technical potential in 2033 for each 

customer type.

Table 6. Summary of Fuel Conversion Potentials, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential

Customer Type

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW)

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms)

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW)

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms)

Electric-Only 165 7 42 3

Existing Gas Customer 75 4 15 1

Total 240 11 57 4

Comparison to 2011 IRP

As with energy efficiency, this analysis largely updates the 2011 IRP. The analysis builds upon 

the same updated data cited above, including: baseline data, PSE’s sales and customer forecasts, 

and measure assumptions. Table 7 compares estimated technical and achievable technical 

potential, as compared to the 2011 IRP. This study incorporates customers not included in the 

2011 IRP, such as those in smaller homes (1,800 sq. ft.) and those a moderate distance from a 

gas main. In addition, this assessment addresses additional conversion measures, including 

conversion to an integrated space and water heater. Thus, this study indicates a notable increase 

in technical and achievable technical potential.

Table 7. Comparison of Fuel Conversion Potential, 2011 IRP to 2013 IRP

Technical Potential 

(aMW)

Achievable Technical 

Potential (aMW)

Customer Type 2011 IRP 2013 IRP 2011 IRP 2013 IRP

Electric-Only 25 165 11 45

Existing Gas Customer 34 75 12 16

Total 59 240 24 62
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Demand Response

Table 8 presents estimated winter and summer resource potentials for all demand response 

resources for the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. The total market potential 

available in the winter is 213 MW, equating to 4.7% of winter peak; the total market potential 

available in the summer is 166 MW, which accounts for 4.1% of summer peak.

Table 8. Demand Response Market Technical Potential, MW in 2033

Sector

Winter Market 

Potential (MW)

Summer Market 

Potential (MW)

Percent of System 

Peak – Winter*

Percent of System 

Peak – Summer*

Residential 130 77 2.9% 1.9%

Commercial 78 85 1.7% 2.1%

Industrial 4 5 0.1% 0.1%

Total 213 166 4.7% 4.1%

*System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours and is calculated for each season.

Comparison to 2011 IRP

This study focuses on the same program strategies as the 2011 IRP, but relies on a new 

methodology for the direct load control (DLC) analysis.

In addition to updating the methodology, Cadmus updated the program assumptions, with the 

new assumptions based on PSE’s experience with pilot programs over the last two years as well 

as on new industry information. By sector, Table 9 compares estimated market potential during 

peak periods.

Table 9. Comparison of Demand Response Achievable Technical Potential, 

2011 IRP to 2013 IRP

Winter MW Summer MW

Sector 2011 IRP 2013 IRP 2011 IRP 2013 IRP

Residential 110 130 32 77

Commercial 79 78 82 85

Industrial 4 4 5 5

Total 193 213 119 166

The two studies’ results exhibit the largest differences in the residential sector, where potentials 

have increased considerably. This primarily results from an increase in overall potential achieved 

through the residential DLC programs (which have been based on the pilot program PSE 

implemented from 2009 through 2011). Data from this program was not available for the 2011 

study.
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Distributed Generation

Though this study does not estimate distributed generation potentials, it updates costs for 

individual distributed generation technologies and incorporates these in the 2013 IRP. For 

detailed potentials from the 2013 IRP analysis, see Cadmus’ 2008 report.7

Comparison to the 6th Plan

This study employed methodologies consistent with the 6

th Plan to estimate available energyefficiency potential (see Appendix A for a detailed comparison of methodologies). Additionally, 

Cadmus conducted a thorough review of baseline and measure assumptions used by the Council, 

including costs, savings, applicability, and current saturations. Although this study relied on data 

specific to PSE’s service territory whenever possible, where appropriate, it incorporated Council 

assumptions.

By applying PSE’s share of regional sales, by sector, to the Council’s regional potential, one can 

estimate the 6th Plan’s share of potential in PSE’s service territory. However, a number of factors 

must be considered in comparing that allocated potential to this study’s results:

 The Council, by necessity, relied on average regional data; whereas this study utilized

primary data from PSE’s service territory. Therefore, allocating regional potential based 

on sales may not account for PSE’s unique service territory characteristics (such as 

customer mix, use per customer, end-use saturations, fuel shares, and current measure 

saturations). Similarly, some industries included in the 6th Plan may not exist in PSE’s 

service territory.

 PSE and the Council relied on unique baseline energy forecasts, each of which served as

a major driver in the respective potential estimates.

 Both studies assessed potential over a 20-year period; however, the 6th Plan began in 

2010, while this study’s estimation of potential began in 2014.

 Due to the timing of the 6

th Plan’s release, not all upcoming codes and standards were 

removed from the potential (most notably, new standards relating to commercial lighting 

and residential water heating, as described in Section 1: General Approach and 

Methodology).

 The 6th Plan, completed in 2010, used data sources current at that time. In addition to 

using the PSE-specific data noted above, this study used more current data, particularly 

with regard to measure costs.

With these caveats in mind, Table 10 compares the 10-year achievable technical potentials this 

study estimates for 2014 to 2023, as compared to the 6th Plan. The 6th Plan’s numbers derived 

 

7

http://www.pse.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/2009IRP/AppL1_IRP09.pdf
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from applying PSE’s share of regional sales, by sector, to the 6th Plan estimates8of regional 

potential.9

Table 10. Comparison of 2013 IRP and 6th Plan Achievable 

Technical Potential (aMW)

10-Year Achievable Technical Potential (2014–

2023)

Sector 2013 IRP 6

th Plan

Residential 185 302

Commercial 182 138

Industrial 22 18

Total 389 458

Details on sector-level differences follow below.

Residential Sector

As shown, the residential sector accounts for the largest differences in long-term achievable 

technical potential estimates. Though differences in end-use definitions make it difficult to 

compare the two studies at a detailed, end-use level, Table 11 shows distributions of 20-year 

potential by major end-use group for each study. Differences in assumptions by end use include 

the following:

Table 11. Comparison of 20-Year Residential Achievable 

Technical Potential by End Use

10-Year Achievable Technical 

Potential

End Use Group 2013 IRP

PSE Share of 

Regional Forecast

Appliances and Water Heating 75 124

Consumer Electronics and Other Plug Loads 8 73

HVAC 102 130

Lighting 25 11

Total 210 337

 Appliances and water heating are combined for this comparison as a large portion of 

appliance potential derives from water heating savings produced by clothes washers and 

dishwashers. A key difference in the modeling approaches arises from the incorporation 

of new residential water heating standards in the 2013 IRP, as described in this report’s 

Section 1: General Approach and Methodology. This study assumes new equipment 

installed after 2014 would need to meet the new minimum efficiency requirements, 

 

8 Bus bar savings from the 6th Plan have been adjusted to savings at the customer meter using the Council’s line 

loss factors.

9 Report 6th Plan potentials by sector and end use have been based on summarization of measure-specific Council 

workbooks, available at: http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/powerplan/6/supplycurves/default.htm
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reducing the potential for high-efficiency water heating equipment. Additionally, 

substantial differences occur in the assumed percentage of water heaters using electricity 

(42% in PSE’s service territory versus 64% for the region).

 Consumer electronics and other plug loads contain a variety of end uses, including 

televisions, computers, and other household electronics. Additionally, the 6th Plan 

includes commercial computers and monitors as part of the residential potential, while 

Cadmus’ study only includes units in residences. Cadmus includes commercial computer 

and monitor savings in commercial sector potential.HVAC encompasses heating, 

cooling, and ventilation savings, which have been combined due to differences in model 

structures. These differences largely arose from: assumed saturations of central cooling 

(11% in PSE’s service territory versus 53% for the region); and the share of electric 

heating (17% for PSE’s service territory versus 35% for the region).

 Lighting savings in the 2013 IRP assume the availability of a technology meeting the 

minimum requirements of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA),

and that savings from CFL installations will remain available. After accounting for 

PSE’s program activity, Cadmus estimated that 33% of sockets have CFLs, compared to 

the regional average of 10% assumed in the 6th Plan. 

Commercial Sector

Although this study estimates higher two-, 10-, and 20-year achievable technical potential in the 

commercial sector than the 6th Plan, this difference largely arises as a function of differing ramp 

rates. Higher potential in this study’s early years result from the 10-year acceleration of all 

discretionary potential.

Industrial Sector

As the two assessments rely on the same measure assumptions, differences in potential are 

driven by the mix of industries in PSE’s service territory. For example, in the Northwest region 

on the whole, pulp and paper industries account for the largest portion of baseline sales and 

achievable technical potential (roughly 30% and 40%, respectively). However, in PSE’s service 

territory, these facilities account for less than 1% of baseline consumption. Additionally, PSE

forecasts industrial sales lower than its allocated share of the regional forecast.

Incorporation of DSR into PSE’s IRP

The achievable technical potentials shown above have been grouped by the levelized cost of 

conserved energy for inclusion in PSE’s IRP model. These levelized costs have been calculated 

over a 20-year program life; Section 1: General Approach and Methodology, provides additional 

detail on the levelized cost methodology. Bundling resources into a number of distinct cost 

groups allows the model to select the optimal amount of annual DSR, based on expected load 

growth, energy prices, and other factors.

Cadmus spread the annual savings estimates over 8,760 hour load shapes to produce hourly DSR 

bundles. In addition, Cadmus assumed savings are gradually acquired over the year, as opposed 

to instantly on January 1st. PSE provided to Cadmus intra-year DSR acquisition schedules, which 
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Cadmus used to “ramp” hourly savings across months. See “About Hourly DSR Estimates” in 

“Chapter 1:General Approach and Methodology” for additional detail. 

Figure 1 shows the annual cumulative combined potential for energy efficiency, fuel conversion, 

and distributed generation by each cost bundle considered in PSE’s 2013 IRP. Figure 2 shows 

electric achievable potential by resource type. 

Figure 3 shows annual DSR bundles for natural gas energy efficiency.

Figure 1. Annual Electric DSR Bundles by Cost Groupa

a

Includes energy efficiency, fuel conversion, and distributed generation

Figure 2. Electric Achievable Potential by Resource Type

0

100

200

300

400

500

600 Cumulative aMW

A. Up to $28 A1. $28 to $55 B. $55 to $70 B1. $70 to $85 C. $85 to $115

D. $115 to $130 E. $130 to $150 F. $150 to $170 G. $170 to $190 H. Over $190

IRP Levelized 

Cost Bundles 

($/MWH)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

Cumulative aMW

Energy Efficiency Fuel Conversion Distributed Generation
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Figure 3. Annual Natural Gas DSR Bundles by Cost Group

In addition to the energy efficiency, fuel conversion, and distributed generation bundles shown 

above, PSE includes three other resource bundles in its IRP:

1. The expected effects of codes and standards (including EISA and DOE standards). PSE

includes “standards” bundles in both gas and electric IRP models. 

2. Capacity-only impacts of demand response.

3. Savings associated with distribution efficiency improvements (which fall outside the 

scope of this study).

Organization of the Report

The body of this report has been organized in four sections. The first outlines the general 

methodology for assessing potential used for each resource type, while the remaining three 

sections present the key assumptions and results for each resource. The document’s appendices 

present: additional technical information; and descriptions of data used and their sources.

0

50

100

150

200

250

Cumulative Million Therms

A. Up to $0.22 A1. $0.22 to $0.30 A2. $0.30 to $0.45 B. $0.45 to $0.55

B1. $0.55 to $0.70 C. $0.70 to $0.85 C1. $0.85 to $0.95 D. $0.95 to $1.20

E. $1.20 to $1.50 F. $1.50 to $2.00 G. Over $2.00

IRP 

Levelized 

Cost Bundles 

($/Therm)
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1. GENERAL APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY

This report describes the technologies, data inputs, data sources, data collection processes, and 

assumptions used in calculating technical and achievable technical long-term potentials.

General Approach

The demand-side resources (DSR) analyzed in this study differ with respect to technology, 

availability, types of load impact, and target consumer markets. Analysis of their potentials, 

therefore, requires using customized methods to address the unique characteristics of each 

resource. These methods, however, spring from the same conceptual framework, and seek to 

achieve estimates of two distinct types of potential: technical and achievable technical:

 Technical potential assumes that all technically feasible resource opportunities may be 

captured, regardless of their costs or other market barriers. Notably, the concept of 

technical potentials proves less relevant to some resources, such as demand response,

since, from a strictly technical point of view, nearly all end-use loads may be subject to 

interruption or displacement by on-site generation.

 Achievable technical potential is defined as: the portion of technical potential that might 

be assumed achievable in the course of the planning horizon, regardless of the acquisition 

mechanism. (For example, savings may be acquired through utility programs, improved 

codes and standards, or market transformation.) 

In addition to the quantity of available potential, the timing of resource availability presents a 

key consideration. For this analysis, resources split into two distinct categories:

 Discretionary resources are retrofit opportunities in existing facilities that, theoretically, 

remain available at any point over the course of the study period.

 Lost opportunity resources are those with pre-determined availability, such as 

replacements after equipment failure and opportunities in new construction.

About Levelized Costs

Identified potential is grouped by levelized cost over the 20-year study horizon, allowing Puget 

Sound Energy’s (PSE) integrated resource planning (IRP) model to pick the optimal DSR 

amount, given various assumptions regarding future resource requirements and costs. The 20-

year levelized cost calculation incorporates numerous factors, which are consistent with the 

Council’s methodology and shown in Table 12. 
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The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 14

Table 12. Levelized Cost Components

Type Component

Costs

Incremental Measure Cost

Incremental O&M Costa

Administrative Adder

Benefits

PV of Non-energy Benefits

Present Value of T&D deferrals 

Conservation Credit

Secondary Energy Benefits

aSome measures may have a reduction in O&M costs, which is effectively treated as a benefit in 

the levelized cost calculation

In addition to the upfront capital cost and annual energy savings, the levelized cost calculation 

incorporates several other factors, consistent with the Council’s methodology:

 Incremental Measure Cost. This study considers the costs required to sustain savings 

over a 20-year horizon, including reinstallation costs for measures with useful lives less 

than 20 years. If a measure’s useful life extends beyond the end of the 20-year study, 

Cadmus incorporates an end effect that treats the levelized cost of that measure over its 

useful life (EUL)10 as an annual reinstallation cost for the remainder of the 20-year 

period.11

For example, Figure 4 shows the timing of initial and reinstallation costs for a measure 

with an eight-year lifetime in context with the 20-year study. The measure’s final lifetime 

in this study ends after the study horizon, so the final four years (Year 17 through Year 

20) are treated differently by levelizing measure costs over its eight-year useful life and 

treating these as annual reinstallation costs.

Figure 4. Illustration of Capital and Reinstallation Cost Treatment

 Incremental operations and maintenance (O&M) costs or benefits. As with incremental 

measure costs, O&M costs are considered annually over the 20-year horizon. The present 

value is used to adjust the levelized cost upward for measures with costs above baseline 

technologies and downward for measures that decrease O&M costs.

 Administrative Adder. Cadmus assumed a program administrative cost equal to 20% of 

incremental measure costs for electric measures across all sectors. For gas measures, 

Cadmus assumed program administrative costs of 15% in the residential sector and 25% 

for the commercial and industrial sectors.

 

10 This refers to levelizing over the measure’s useful life, equivalent to spreading incremental measure costs over its 

EUL in equal payments assuming a discount rate of PSE’s weighted average cost of capital. 

11 This method is applied both to measures with a useful life of greater than 20 years and those with a useful life that 

extends beyond the 20th year at the time of reinstallation. 

Component 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Initial Capital Cost

Re-Installation Cost End Effect

Year
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 Non-energy benefits are treated as a reduction in levelized costs for measures that save 

resources, such as water or detergent. For example, the value of reduced water 

consumption due to the installation of a low-flow showerhead reduces the levelized cost 

of that measure.

 The regional ten percent conservation credit, capacity benefits during PSE’s system 

peak, and transmission and distribution (T&D) deferrals are similarly treated as 

reductions in levelized cost for electric measures. The addition of this credit per the 

Northwest Power Act12 is consistent with Council methodology, and is effectively an 

adder to account for unquantified external benefits of conservation when compared to 

other resources.

 Secondary energy benefits are treated as a reduction in levelized costs for measures that 

save energy on secondary fuels. This treatment is necessitated by Cadmus’ end-use 

approach to estimating technical potential. For example, consider the cost for of R-60 

ceiling insulation for a home with a gas furnace and an electric cooling system. For the 

gas furnace end use, Cadmus considers energy savings that R-60 insulation produces for 

electric cooling systems, conditioned on presence of a gas furnace, as a secondary benefit 

that reduces the levelized cost of the measure. This adjustment impacts only the 

measure’s levelized costs; the magnitude of energy savings for the R-60 measure on the 

gas supply curve is not impacted by considering secondary energy benefits. 

Data Sources

The full assessment of resource potential required the compilation of a large set of measurespecific technical, economic, and market data, obtained from secondary sources and through 

primary research. The study’s main data sources included:

 PSE Internal Data. These encompass historical and projected sales and customers, 

hourly load profiles, and historic and projected DSR accomplishments.

 Primary Data. This study relies on several data sources specific to PSE’s service territory 

and customers, including: the 2010 Residential Characteristic Survey; 2008 Fuel 

Conversion Survey; 2007 Puget Sound-Area Regional CFL Saturation Study; and 

NEEA’s 2009 Commercial Building Stock Assessment (CBSA).

 Secondary Pacific Northwest Sources. Several Northwest entities provided data critical 

to this study, including: the Council, the Regional Technical Forum (RTF), and the 

Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance (NEEA). Information derived from these sources 

included: technical information on measure savings, costs, and lives; hourly end-use load 

shapes (to supplement building simulations described above); and commercial building 

and energy characteristics. 

 Building Simulations: This study required building simulations (using the Simple 

Energy Enthalpy Model [SEEM]) for the residential sector, with separate models created 

for each customer segment, and construction vintage. 

 Additional Secondary Sources. The study relied on a number of secondary sources to 

characterize measures, assess baseline conditions, and benchmark results against other 

 

12 See http://www.nwcouncil.org/library/poweract/default.htm
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The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 16

utilities’ experiences. These sources included: the California Energy Commission’s 

Database of Energy Efficiency Resources (DEER); ENERGY STAR; the Energy 

Information Administration; and various utilities’ annual and evaluation reports on 

energy-efficiency and demand-response programs.

Energy Efficiency

The methodology used for estimating the technical and achievable technical energy-efficiency 

potential draws upon standard industry practices, and proves consistent with the Council’s

assessments of conservation potentials for the 6th Northwest Regional Power Plan (6th Plan). The 

general approach, shown in Figure 5, illustrates how baseline and efficiency data have been 

combined to develop estimates of potential for use in PSE’s IRP process.

Figure 5. General Methodology for Assessment of Energy-Efficiency Potentials

The study considers three types of potential: naturally occurring, technical, and achievable 

technical. 

Naturally occurring conservation refers to reductions in energy use that occur due to normal 

market forces, such as technological change, energy prices, market transformation efforts, and 

improved energy codes and standards. This analysis accounted for naturally occurring 

conservation in three ways:

 First, the assessment accounted for gradual efficiency increases due to the retirement of 

older equipment in existing buildings and the subsequent replacement with units that 

Baseline Loads (Sector, Segment, End Use)

Baseline Loads (System)

Achievable Technical Potential

Technical Potential by End Use/Segment/Sector

Load Shapes Sector, Segment, End Use

Calibration

Technical Factors Load Impacts, Applicability, Feasibility

IRP Resource Supply Curves

Market Constraints Incremental Measure Costs

Measure Impacts
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meet minimum standards at that time. For some end uses, the technical potential 

associated with certain energy-efficiency measures assumed a natural adoption rate. For 

example, savings associated with ENERGY STAR appliances accounted for current 

trends in customer adoption.

 Second, energy consumption characteristics of new construction reflected current statespecific building codes. 

 Third, the assessment accounted for improvements to equipment efficiency standards that 

are pending and will take effect during the planning horizon. The assessment did not, 

however, forecast changes to standards that have not passed; rather, it treated these at a 

“frozen” efficiency level.

 These impacts resulted in a change in baseline sales, from which the technical and 

achievable technical potential could be estimated.

Technical potential includes all technically feasible energy-efficiency measures, regardless of 

costs or market barriers. Technical potential divides into two classes: discretionary (retrofit) and 

lost-opportunity (new construction and replacement of equipment on burnout). 

This study’s technical potential estimations for energy-efficiency resources drew upon bestpractice research methods and standard analytic techniques in the utility industry. Such 

techniques remained consistent with conceptual approaches and methodologies used by other 

planning entities, such as those of the Council in developing regional energy-efficiency potential, 

and remained consistent with methods used in PSE’s 2009 and 2011 Assessments. 

Achievable technical potential represents the portion of technical potential that might reasonably 

be achievable in the course of the 20-year planning period, given the possibility that market 

barriers could impede customer adoption. At this point, it does not consider cost-effectiveness, as 

identified levels of achievable technical potential principally serve as planning guidelines and to 

inform the IRP process. 

Developing sound utility IRPs requires knowledge of alternative resource options and reliable 

information on the long-run resource potential of achievable technologies. DSM resource 

potential studies principally seek to develop reasonably reliable estimates of the magnitude, 

costs, and timing of resources likely available over the planning horizon’s course; they do not, 

however, provide guidance as to how or by what means identified resources might be acquired. 

For example, identified potential for electrical equipment or building shell measures might be 

attained through utility incentives, legislative action instituting more stringent efficiency codes 

and standards, or other means.

Overview

Estimating energy-efficiency potential draws on a sequential analysis of various energyefficiency measures in terms of technical feasibility (technical potential) and expected market 

acceptance, considering normal barriers possibly impeding measure implementation (achievable 

technical potential). The assessment utilized three primary steps: 

 Baseline forecasting: Determining 20-year future energy consumption by state, sector, 

market segment, and end use. The study calibrated the base year, 2013, to PSE’s sector 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 18

load forecasts. As described above, the baseline forecasts shown in this report include 

the Cadmus team’s estimated impacts of naturally occurring potential.13

 Estimation of alternative forecasts of technical potential: Estimating technical potential, 

based on alternative forecasts, that reflect technical impacts of specific energy-efficiency 

measures. 

 Estimation of achievable technical potential: Achievable technical potential calculated 

by applying ramp rates and an achievability percentage to the technical potential, as this 

section later describes in detail. 

This approach offered two advantages: 

 First, savings estimates would be driven by a baseline calibrated to PSE’s base year 

(2013) sales. Although subsequent baseline years may differ from PSE’s load forecast,

comparisons to PSE’s sales forecast helped control for possible errors. Other approaches 

may simply generate the total potential by summing estimated impacts of individual 

measures, which can result in total savings estimates representing unrealistically high or 

low baseline sales percentages. 

 Second, the approach maintained consistency among all assumptions underlying the 

baseline and alternative (technical and achievable technical) forecasts. The alternative 

forecasts changed relevant inputs at the end-use level to reflect impacts of energyefficiency measures. As estimated savings represented the difference between the 

baseline and alternative forecasts, they could be directly attributed to specific changes 

made to analysis inputs. 

Developing Baseline Forecasts

As shown, the first step entails creating a baseline (no-DSR) forecast. In the residential and 

commercial sectors, the analysis relies on a bottom-up forecasting approach, beginning with 

annual consumption estimates by segment, end use, and equipment efficiency level. Average 

base-year use per customer can then be calculated from saturations of equipment, fuel, and 

efficient equipment. Comparisons to PSE’s historical use per customer validates these estimates, 

and a forecast of future energy sales can then be created based on expected new construction and 

equipment turnover rates. 

In the industrial sector, as standard practice, PSE’s industrial forecast has been disaggregated to 

end uses, based on data available from the Energy Information Administrations’ (EIA)

Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey.

To bundle potential by cost, Cadmus collected data on measure costs, savings, and market size at 

the most granular level possible. Within each fuel and sector, the study distinguished between 

customer segments or facility types and their respective applicable end uses. Cadmus then 

conducted the analyses for the following customer segments:

 

13 The Cadmus team’s baseline forecast accounted for codes and standards not embedded in PSE’s load forecast. 

Due to these adjustments, 2033 baseline sales presented in this report may not match PSE’s official load 

forecast. 
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 Six residential segments (existing and new construction for single-family, multifamily, 

and manufactured homes);

 Twenty commercial segments (10 building types within the existing and new 

construction vintages);

 Seventeen industrial segments (17 facility types, treated only as an existing construction 

vintage).

Estimating Technical Potential

An important aspect of technical potential is that it assumes installation of the highest-efficiency 

equipment, wherever possible. 

For example, this study examines solar water heaters, heat pump water heaters, and efficient 

storage water heaters in residential applications, with technical potential, assuming that, as 

equipment fails or new homes are built, customers will install solar water heaters wherever 

technically feasible, regardless of cost. Where applicable, heat pump water heaters are assumed 

installed in homes ineligible for solar water heaters. Efficient storage water heaters are assumed 

installed in home ineligible for neither solar water heaters nor heat pump water heaters. The 

study treats competing non-equipment measures in the same way, assuming installation of the 

highest-saving measures, where technically feasible.

In estimating technical potential, one cannot merely sum up savings from individual measure 

installations, as significant interactive effects can result from installation of complementary 

measures. For example, upgrading a heat pump in a home where insulation measures have 

already been installed can produce fewer savings than in an uninsulated home. 

Analysis of technical potential accounts for two types of interactions:

 Interactions between equipment and non-equipment measures: As equipment burns 

out, technical potential assumes it will be replaced with higher-efficiency equipment, 

reducing average consumption across all customers. Reduced consumption causes nonequipment measures to save less than they would have, had equipment remained at a 

constant average efficiency. Similarly, savings realized by replacing equipment decrease 

upon installation of non-equipment measures.

 Interactions between non-equipment measures: Two non-equipment measures 

applying to the same end use may not affect each other’s savings. For example, installing 

a low-flow showerhead does not affect savings realized from installing a faucet aerator. 

Insulating hot water pipes, however, would cause water heaters to operate more 

efficiently, thus reducing savings from either measure. This assessment accounts for this 

interaction by “stacking” interactive measures—iteratively reducing baseline 

consumption as measures are installed, thus lowering savings from subsequent measures.

While theoretically, all retrofit opportunities in existing construction (often called 

“discretionary” resources) could be acquired in the study’s first year, this would skew the 

potential for equipment measures, and provide an inaccurate picture of measure-level potential. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 20

Therefore, the study assumes realizations for these opportunities in equal annual amounts, over 

the 20-year planning horizon. By applying this assumption, natural equipment turnover rates, and 

other adjustments, described above, the study estimates annual incremental and cumulative 

potential by: state, sector, segment, construction vintage, end use, and measure.

To estimate technical potential, Cadmus developed a comprehensive list of measures for all 

sectors, segments, and end uses. For the residential and commercial sectors, the study began by 

reviewing of a broad range of energy-efficiency measures. These measures were then screened to 

only include measures fitting the following criteria: 

1. Commonly available.

2. Based on a well-understood technology.

3. Applicable to PSE’s buildings and end uses. 

Industrial sector measures drew upon the Council’s 6th Plan and other general process 

improvement categories.

14

As shown in Table 13, the study encompasses: 290 unique electric energy-efficiency measures;

and 116 unique gas energy-efficiency measures. When expanded across segments, end uses, and 

construction vintages, this results in over 6,000 measures. (Appendix B.2 provides a

comprehensive list of measures included in the analysis, with inputs and outputs provided in 

Appendix B.3.)

Table 13. Energy-Efficiency Measure Counts by Fuel

Sector Electric Measure Counts Gas Measure Counts

Residential 96 unique

740 permutations across segments

53 unique

345 permutations across segments

Commercial 148 unique

2,838 permutations across segments

63 unique

1,173 permutations across segments

Industrial 46 unique

852 permutations across segments

7 unique process improvements,

111 permutations across segments

For every measure permutation contained in the study, the following key inputs—varying by 

segment and end use—were compiled: 

 Measure savings: Energy savings associated with a measure as a percentage of the total 

end-use consumption. Sources include: engineering calculations, energy simulation 

modeling, the RTF, the Council’s 6

th Plan, and secondary sources, such as ENERGY 

STAR and DEER. 

 Measure costs: Per-unit cost (full or incremental, depending on the application) 

associated with measure installations. Sources include: the Council’s 6th Plan, the RTF,

DEER, RS Means, and merchant Websites.

 

14 Industrial improvements derive from a variety of practices and specific measures, defined in the U.S. 

Department of Energy’s Industrial Assessment Centers Database: http://www.iac.rutgers.edu/database/.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 21

 Measure life: The measure’s expected useful life (EUL). Sources include the Council’s 

6

th Plan, the RTF, DEER, and demand-side management (DSM) program evaluations. 

 Measure applicability. A general term encompassing a number of factors, such as the 

technical feasibility of installation, the measure’s current saturation, measure interactions,

competition, and projected market share. Where possible, applicability factors draw upon 

PSE survey data and account for PSE’s energy-efficiency program accomplishments. 

The study created an alternate sales forecasts, incorporating the effects of all technically feasible 

measures, with the difference between this forecast and the baseline forecast representing the 

technical potential. This method allowed for long-term estimates of technical potential by 

measure, while accounting for changes in baseline conditions inherent in the baseline forecast.

Incorporation of Upcoming Codes and Standards

Electric

While Cadmus’ analysis does not attempt to predict how energy codes and standards may 

change, it captures enacted legislation, even if it does not take effect for several years. The most 

notable, recent efficiency regulation has been the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 

(EISA), which set new standards for general service lighting, motors, and other end-use 

equipment. Capturing the effects of this legislation proved especially important, as residential 

lighting has played a large role in PSE’s energy-efficiency programs over the past several years.

EISA requires general service lighting to become roughly 30% more efficient than current 

incandescent technology, with standards phased in by wattage from 2012 to 2014. In addition to 

the 2012 phase-in, EISA contains a backstop provision that requires still higher-efficacy 

technologies, beginning in 2020.

While the new residential lighting standards have the largest effect on potential, this study 

explicitly accounts for several other codes and standards. For the residential sector, these 

include: dryer, freezer, heat pumps, and water heating standards. For the commercial sector, 

these include: linear fluorescent, screw base incandescent bulbs, and water heating standards. 

Error! Reference source not found. provides a comprehensive list of standards Cadmus 

considered in this study: 

Table 14. Enacted or Pending Standards Accounted For – Electric End Uses

Equipment Type Baseline Standard Sector

Year 

Effective*

Appliances

Clothes Washer MEF = 1.66 

Market Baseline

RTF Market 

Standard 2016 

Clothes Washer -

MEF 2.29 and 

WF 4.5** 

Residential 2016

Clothes Washer MEF = 1.66 

Market Baseline

RTF Market 

Standard 2018 

Clothes Washer -

MEF 2.36 and 

WF 4.1**

Residential 2018
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Equipment Type Baseline Standard Sector

Year 

Effective*

Commercial Refrigeration 

Equipment - (Semivertical and 

Vertical Cases) 

Commercial 

Refrigeration 

Equipment 2010 

(Varies by 

equipment class)

Commercial 

Refrigeration 

Equipment 2012 

(Varies by 

equipment class)

Commercial 2012

Cooking Oven National 

Appliance Energy 

Conservation Act 

1990

Range and Oven 

Standards 2012

Residential 2012

Dehumidifier Federal Standard 

2007 

Dehumidifier

Federal Standard 

2012 

Dehumidifier

Residential 2013*

Dishwasher RTF Market 

Baseline 2010 

Dishwasher - 313 

kWh/yr and 4.76 

gal/cycle**

RTF Market 

Standard 2013 

Dishwasher - 289 

kWh/yr and 5.0 

gal/cycle**

Commercial/Residential 2014*

Dryer Federal Standard 

1994 Dryer - EF 

3.01

Federal Standard 

2015 Dryer - CEF 

3.73

Residential 2015

Freezer Federal Standard 

2001 Freezer

Federal Standard 

2014 Freezer

Commercial/Residential 2015*

Refrigerator Refrigerator -

Federal Standard 

2001

Refrigerator -

Federal Standard 

2014

Commercial/Residential 2015

Vending Machines Existing 

Conditions (No 

federal standard 

prior to 2012)

Vending 

Machines -

Federal Standard 

2012

Commercial 2012

Motors

Small Electric Motors NEMA Standards 

Publication MG1-

1987

Small Electric 

Motor Standard 

2015

Commercial/Industrial 2015

Water Heaters

Water Heater > 55 gallons Federal Standard 

2004 Storage 

Water Heater -

EF 0.871

Federal Standard 

2015 Heat Pump 

Water Heater -

EF 1.973

Commercial/Residential 2015

Water Heater ≤ 55 gallons Federal Standard 

2004 Storage 

Water Heater -

EF 0.917

Federal Standard 

2015 Storage 

Water Heater -

EF 0.948

Commercial/Residential 2015

HVAC

Heat Pump - Air Source Federal Standard 

2006 Heat Pump 

- SEER 13 and 

HSPF 7.7 (Split 

System)

Federal Standard 

2015 Heat Pump 

- SEER 14 and 

HSPF 8.2 (Split 

System)

Residential 2015

Lighting

Lighting General Service Fluorescent Linear Tube Commercial/Industrial 2012
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Equipment Type Baseline Standard Sector

Year 

Effective*

Fluorescent Lamp – EISA Linear Tube 

Standards 1995

Fluorescent Lamp 

Standards 2012

Lighting General Service Lamp -

EISA

Existing 

Conditions (No 

federal standard 

prior to EISA 

2007)

EISA of 2007 

(Phased in over 3 

years)

Commercial/Industrial/Residential 2012, 2013, 

2014

Lighting General Service Lamp -

EISA Backstop Provision

Existing 

Conditions (No 

federal standard 

prior to EISA 

2007)

EISA Backstop 

Provision 2020

Commercial/Industrial/Residential 2020

Lighting Specialty Lamp - EISA 

Incandescent Reflector Lamps

IRL Standards 

1995

EISA of 2007 

Impacts 2.5 Inch 

Diameter 

Reflectors and 

Above 2012

Residential 2013

To ensure an accurate assessment of remaining potential, Cadmus created a new forecast, netting 

out the effect of future standards (shown in Error! Reference source not found. and Error! 

Reference source not found.). This forecast drew upon a strict interpretation of the legislation, 

assuming that affected end uses would be replaced with technologies meeting minimum federal 

standards. 

Figure 6. Residential Forecasts Before and After Adjusting for Standards

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

aMW

With Federal Standards No Federal Standards

6% Reduction in 2033
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Figure 7. Commercial Forecasts Before and After Adjusting for Standards

After accounting for enacted and pending federal standards, both commercial and residential 

base case forecasts fell by 6% in 2033. Lighting standards primarily drove this lower 

consumption. The preceding figures indicate a fall in 2020 consumption due to the pending EISA 

backstop provision, which requires standard screw base bulbs to have a minimum efficacy of 

45 lumens per watt. If savings due to standards were included in technical potential, it would 

account for 22% of savings in the residential sector and 21% of savings in the commercial sector. 

Error! Reference source not found. and Error! Reference source not found. break out the 

impacts of federal standards on forecasted sales in each year of the study, by end use. 

Figure 8. Impacts of Standards by End Use—Residential Sector

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

aMW

With Federal Standards No Federal Standards

6% Reduction in 2033

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

aMW

Dryer Freezer Heat Pump Lighting Water Heating
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Figure 9. Impacts of Standards by End Use—Commercial Sector

Gas

Cadmus also captured the impact of U.S. Department of Energy rulings on minimum efficiencies 

for water heaters and dryers. Overall, gas standards have a small impact on consumption. 

Standards reduce 2033 residential consumption by 8 million therms (1.2%) in the residential 

sector and 4 million therms (1.0%) in the commercial sector. If savings from standards were 

included in technical potential, it would account for 4% of residential savings and 3% of 

commercial savings in 2033. 

Table 15. Enacted or Pending Standards Accounted For – Gas End Uses

Equipment Type Baseline Standard Sector

Year 

Effective*

Water Heater > 55 gallons Federal Standard 2001

Storage Water Heater -

EF 0.528

Federal Standard 2015 

Condensing Water 

Heater - EF 0.743

Commercial/Residential 2015

Water Heater ≤ 55 gallons Federal Standard 2004 

Storage Water Heater -

EF 0.594

Federal Standard 2015 

Storage Water Heater -

EF 0.615

Commercial/Residential 2015

Dryer Federal Standard 2011 

Dryer – EF 2.67

Federal Standard 2015 

Dryer – EF 3.30

Residential 2015

Error! Reference source not found. shows the impacts of federal gas equipment standards. By 

2033, 93% of savings due to standards comes out of water heating (and 7% comes out of dryers). 

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

aMW

Lighting Interior Fluorescent Lighting Interior Screw Base Water Heat
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Figure 10. Impacts of Federal Gas Equipment Standards

Similar to electric. Cadmus created a gas “standards” bundle for inclusion in PSE’s IRP. This 

bundle is treated as a zero-cost “must take” bundle. Inclusion of these standards reduced 

technical potential, compared to the 2011 IRP—savings that were previously captured by 

measures in the 2011 IRP are captured by standards in the 2013 IRP. 

Naturally Occurring Conservation

Cadmus’ baseline forecast is inclusive of naturally occurring conservation, which refers to 

reductions in energy use occurring due to normal market forces, such as technological change, 

energy prices, market transformation efforts, and improved energy codes and standards. These 

impacts resulted in a change in baseline sales from which the technical and achievable technical 

potential were then estimated.

This analysis accounted for naturally occurring conservation in four ways: 

 The potential associated with certain energy-efficiency measures assumes a natural 

adoption rate and is net of current saturation. For example, the total potential savings 

associated with ENERGY STAR appliances accounts for current trends in customer

adoption. As such, the total technical potential from ENERGY STAR appliances is 

reduced from the 2011 IRP and these savings are reflected in the baseline energy 

forecast.

 The assessment has accounted for gradual efficiency increases due to retirement of older 

equipment in existing buildings, followed by replacement with units meeting or 

exceeding minimum standards at the time of replacement. 

 The assessment has accounted for pending improvements to equipment efficiency 

standards that will take effect during the planning horizon as discussed above. The 

assessment does not, however, forecast changes to standards that have not been passed.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

Million Therms

Commercial Water Heating Residential Water Heating Residential Dryers
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 New construction consumption characteristics reflect the Washington State Energy Code 

(WSEC) that went into effect in 2011. All energy efficiency measures in this study meet 

or exceed WSEC and where applicable, energy savings are calculated using a WSEC 

baseline. For example, current building code requires R-49 ceiling insulation, so energy 

savings for all ceiling insulation measures are calculated with R-49 as a baseline. 

Consequently, this study does not attribute savings to ceiling insulation levels below R49 in new construction. It should be noted that building codes have the smallest impact 

of the four classes of naturally occurring conservation given their applicability to new 

construction only.

Achievable Technical Potential

Achievable technical potential can be defined as the portion of technical potential expected to be 

reasonably achievable over the course of a planning horizon. This estimate accounts for likely 

acquisition rates and market barriers to customer adoption, but does not address costeffectiveness or acquisition mechanisms (e.g., utility programs, codes and standards, market 

transformation). Thus, the savings a utility can expect to acquire cost-effectively may be 

substantially lower than the achievable technical potential estimate.

This study, consistent with the Council’s 6th Plan, assumes an 85% achievability factor for 

electric energy efficiency. For lost opportunity measures, this number (applied directly to the 

total technical potential for discretionary measures) ramps in at a rate determined by the 

technology and its useful life. Given this ramp-up, less than 85% of the lost opportunity potential 

will be acquired over the planning horizon, consistent with the Council’s methodology.

15

Due to higher upfront equipment costs for gas resources, Cadmus assumes 75% of the technical 

potential can be achieved over the planning horizon.

As previously discussed, lost opportunity measures experience inherent technical ramping, based 

on new construction and equipment turnover rates. In contrast, discretionary opportunities can be 

acquired at any point. 

This study assumes all achievable electric and gas discretionary measures can be acquired within 

10 years. (PSE considered this 10-year accelerated ramp-in for discretionary measures as a 

reasonable representation of the overall energy savings acquisition rate for resource planning 

analyses.) Actual market ramp rates will vary for specific measures.

Fuel Conversion

In the study’s context, “fuel conversion” refers to electric savings opportunities involving 

substitution of natural gas for electricity through replacements of space heating systems, water 

heating equipment, and appliances. The study considers fuel conversion only for existing single-

 

15 This remains consistent with the Council’s assumption that 65% of lost opportunity resources can be acquired, 

as discussed in: A Retrospective Look at the Northwest Power and Conservation Council’s Conservation 

Planning Assumptions, April 2007: http://www.nwcouncil.org/library/2007/2007-13.htm
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 28

family homes, new multifamily buildings, and existing and new commercial facilities: the 

segments considered most likely and able to convert. 

Cadmus’ analysis extends the energy-efficiency analysis described above, identifying applicable 

equipment and customers based on the following criteria:

 Customers must be within PSE’s combined service territory (that is, areas where PSE 

provides both electricity and natural gas).

 Customers must be existing gas customers or on a gas main.

 For existing construction, customers must have a ducted system for space heating 

conversion.

 New natural gas equipment must meet energy-efficiency program criteria (e.g., 90%

AFUE furnace, ENERGY STAR water heater).

Once eligible populations for each equipment type could be identified, measure costs and savings 

were compiled, consistent with the energy-efficiency analysis. Cadmus accounted for additional 

upfront costs required due to natural gas conversion (e.g., line extensions, piping). The cost of 

natural gas consumed over the life of a measure, based on forecasted avoided costs, was treated 

as an O&M cost, and was included in the calculation of the cost of conserved electricity.

As with energy efficiency, the technical potential assumes all eligible pieces of equipment can be 

converted to natural gas. Achievability draws upon results from PSE’s 2008 fuel conversion 

survey, which asked customers about their likelihood of participating at various incentive levels. 

Based on this survey, this analysis assumes that 63% of technical potential can be achieved: the 

value associated with self-reported customer participation, if PSE covered the entire incremental 

cost of conversion. Available potential is assumed to be acquired in equal amounts annually over 

the 20-year planning horizon.

Demand Response

Scope of Analysis

Demand response programmatic options seek to achieve the following: 

 Help reduce peak demand during system emergencies or periods of extreme 

market prices; 

 Promote improved system reliability; and

 In some cases, balance variable-load resources (particularly wind energy). 

Benefits from demand response resources accrue by providing incentives for customers to curtail 

loads during utility-specified events (e.g., direct load control [DLC]), or by offering pricing 

structures to induce participants to shift load away from peak periods (e.g., critical peak pricing 

programs). 

Cadmus’ analysis focused on program options that include residential DLC for space heat, room 

heat and water heat, critical peak pricing for residential and commercial customers, and 
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The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 29

nonresidential load curtailment. These strategies include price- and incentive-based options for 

all major customer segments and end uses within PSE’s service territory, with the list informed 

by the 2011 IRP, PSE’s demand response pilot program experience, and programs offered by 

other utilities.

General Approach

This study utilizes a hybrid, top-down, and bottom-up approach for estimating demand response 

potentials. 

The approach began by using utility system loads, disaggregated into sector, segment, and 

applicable end-uses. For each program, Cadmus first assessed potential impacts at the end-use 

level. End-use load impacts then could be aggregated to obtain estimates of technical potentials. 

This allowed market factors, such as likely program and event participation levels, to be applied 

to technical potentials to obtain estimates of market potentials. General analytic steps involved in 

estimating market potential (with the exception of the residential DLC programs) follow below. 

1. Define customer sectors, market segments, and applicable end-uses. In estimating the 

load basis, the study first defined customer sectors, customer segments, and applicable 

end uses, similar to those used in estimating energy-efficiency potentials. System loads 

were disaggregated into three sectors: residential, commercial and industrial. The study 

further broke each sector down by market segment (as shown in Table 16), and end use 

(such as cooking, cooling, heating, heat pumps, HVAC, lighting, plug load, refrigeration, 

space heat, and hot water heating).

Table 16. Customer Sectors and Segments

Residential Commercial Industrial

Single-Family Dry Goods Retail Chemical manufacturing

Manufactured Grocery Electronic equipment manufacturing

Multifamily Hospital Fabricated metal products

Hotel/Motel Food manufacturing

Office Industrial machinery 

Other Miscellaneous manufacturing 

Restaurant Nonmetallic mineral products

School Paper manufacturing 

University Petroleum refining 

Warehouse Plastics rubber products

Primary metal manufacturing 

Printing related support

Transportation equipment manufacturing 

Wastewater 

Water 

Wood product manufacturing 

2. Compile utility-specific sector/end-use loads. Establishing reliable estimates of demand 

response potentials depended on correct characterizations of sector, segment, and end-use 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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loads. The study developed load profiles for each end-use, and determined contributions 

to system peak of each end use, based on end-use load shapes.

3. Screen customer segments for eligibility. This step involved screening customer 

segments for applicability of specific program strategies. For example, only customers 

with maximum monthly demand of at least 100 kW could be considered eligible for the 

nonresidential load curtailment program.

4. Estimate technical potential. Technical potential for each program was assumed to be a 

function of customer eligibility in each class, affected end uses in that class, and the 

expected strategy impact on targeted end uses. Analytically, technical potential (TP) for 

each demand-response program option (p) was calculated as the sum of impacts at the 

end-use level (e), generated in customer sector (s) by:



es

pes TPp TP

and

TPpes LEps LI pes

where,

LEps (load eligibility) represented the portion of customer sector (s) loads (MW)

applicable for program option (p), referenced as “Eligible Load” in the program 

assumptions.

LIpes (load impact) was the percentage reduction in end-use load (e) for each sector (s)

resulting from the program (p), referenced as “Technical Potential as % of Load Basis” in 

the program assumptions.

5. Estimate market potential. Market potential accounted for customers’ ability and 

willingness to participate in capacity-focused programs, subject to their unique business 

or household priorities, operating requirements, and economic (price) considerations.

Market potential estimates derived from adjusting the technical potential by two factors: 

expected program participation rates (the percentage of customers likely to enroll in the 

program); and expected event participation rates (the percentage of customers that will 

participate in a demand response event—applicable to programs such as the residential 

DLC program). Market potential for the program option (MPp) was calculated as the 

product of technical potential for the customer sector (s), program participation (sign-up) 

rates (PPps), and expected event participation (EPps) rates: 

MPpTPpsPPpsEPps

For each program, projected sign-up rates for all customer segments were informed by

secondary research, described in the program assumptions, as well as on PSE’s past

program experience.

6. Estimate costs and develop supply curves. The levelized cost ($/kW-year) of each 

program option was calculated using estimates of program development, technology, 

incentive, ongoing maintenance, administration, and communications costs. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Administrative costs for all programs were based on the assumption that a fully loaded 

FTE costs $50/hour.

About Residential DLC

Residential DLC proves unique in that, unlike other demand response options, it affects specific 

end uses and equipment (e.g., room heaters and water heaters). Therefore, market potential may 

be quantified more directly as the product of four variables: 

 The number of eligible customers.

 Expected per unit (kW) impacts.

 Equipment saturation rate.

 Expected program participation. 

Derivation of Per-Unit Impacts

PSE implemented a DLC pilot program from October 2009 through September 2011. This pilot 

program targeted residential customers with electric space or room heat and/or electric water 

heat. DLC switches were installed on the customers’ heating systems and/or water heaters; so 

these end uses could be cycled on and off during peak events. Cadmus relied on the kW impact 

per-switch, as reported in PSE’s 2011 EM&V Report, to calculate the market potential for a fullscale program. As the EM&V report calculated impacts for morning, afternoon, and evening 

events, Cadmus weighted these results based on the composition of the top 20 system hours 

during which events would be called in a full-scale program. The general program assumptions 

in Chapter 4 provide per-switch impacts.

Equipment Saturation Rates

Equipment saturation represents the percentage of customers eligible for participating in the 

program (i.e., to participate in the DLC program, a customer must have an electric furnace or 

electric room heat). Equipment saturation levels for each residential customer segment were 

derived from PSE data and were consistent with saturations used to estimate energy-efficiency 

potential.

Expected Participation 

Due to the rarity of electric heating DLC programs, and the minimal data existing on 

participation rates for such programs, Cadmus relied on the average participation rate for 

national DLC cooling programs and on PSE’s experience.

Distributed Generation

Although this study did not estimate distributed generation potentials, Cadmus updated the costs 

of the distributed generation resources, with results presented in a Section 5 summary table. For 

detailed information regarding distributed generation potentials, see Cadmus’ 2008 report.16

 

16 http://www.pse.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/2009IRP/AppL1_IRP09.pdf
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Incorporation of Demand Side Resources into PSE’s IRP

In addition to the energy efficiency, fuel conversion, and distributed generation bundles, PSE 

included three other resource bundles in its IRP:

1. The expected effects codes and standards (including EISA)

2. Capacity-only impacts of demand response, and

3. Savings associated with distribution efficiency improvements (outside the scope of this 

study).

This section discusses how Cadmus developed hourly inputs for PSE’s IRP model from the 

annual estimates developed for each of the energy efficiency, fuel conversion, and distributed 

generation resources bundles.

About Hourly DSR Estimates

Annual energy savings are the appropriate viewpoint from the perspective of energy-efficiency 

programs and Washington Initiative 937 (I-937) compliance. However, from a resource 

planning perspective, the focus must shift from an annual to an hourly view of energy savings. 

Simply spreading the annual demand side resources over an hourly load shape is not sufficient 

for developing this hourly view; this section discusses Cadmus’ methodology for allocating 

annual savings to an hourly level for the 2013 IRP. 

Cadmus developed hourly DSR estimates for each resource bundle in a two-step process. First, 

the annual achievable technical potential for each measure was spread over an hourly loadshape. 

As an example, Figure 11 shows hourly savings for a residential lighting measure with 1 aMW 

of achievable potential in the year 2014. This represents hourly savings from the I-937 

compliance perspective.

Figure 11. Example - Compliance Perspective Year 2014 Hourly Savings Spread

However, this perspective implicitly assumes that all of the 1 aMW of annual savings are 

obtained in 2014 on the first hour of January 1, 2014. Realistically, this implicit assumption is 

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6 01-01 01-15 01-29 02-12 02-26 03-12 03-26 04-09 04-23 05-07 05-21 06-04 06-18 07-02 07-16 07-30 08-13 08-27 09-10 09-24 10-08 10-22 11-05 11-19 12-03 12-17 12-31 Hourly MW Savings

Day of Year 2014
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The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 33

not attainable and overstates the actual amount of DSR available in a given hour. This 

overstatement is especially large early in the year.

Consequently, PSE provided to Cadmus an intra-year schedule based on historic trends in DSR 

acquisition that was used to “ramp” the achievable technical potential throughout the year. The 

fraction of annual DSR available in a given month grows throughout the year until it reaches 

100% in December, as shown in Figure 12. 

Figure 12. Intra-Year Ramping by Sector and Fuel

In the second step of the process, Cadmus overlays the intra-year ramping on top of the hourly 

savings from the first step. A result of this overlay, the IRP model explicitly assumes that only a 

small fraction of the annual savings is available in the month of January. Using the same 1 aMW 

example above, the result of this overlay is shown in Figure 13. 

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Cumulative % of Annual DSR

Residential (Electric) C&I (Both) Residential (Gas)
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The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 34

Figure 13. Example – Resource Planning Perspective Year 2014 Hourly Savings Spread

It should be noted that in the above example that the year 2014 energy savings after intra-year 

ramping has been applied is approximately one half of the savings without intra-year ramping 

because of the way in which those savings were acquired throughout the year. From a resource 

planning perspective, the “missing” half the savings from measures installed in calendar year 

2014 are realized in year 2015. Not shown in Figure 13 are the savings from measures installed 

during calendar year 2013 that are realized in 2014; those savings are reflected in the load 

forecast.

The ramped savings shape shown in Figure 13 above is applicable only for the first year that a 

measure is installed. The IRP model assumes full savings beyond the first year of installation. 

Figure 14 shows a stylized example of this concept, assuming that the same measure used in the 

examples above has 1 aMW of annual, incremental achievable technical potential in each of the 

years 2014 through 2018.
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Figure 14. Example: Intra-Year Ramping Beyond Year of Installation

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

Jan-14

Jul-14

Jan-15

Jul-15

Jan-16

Jul-16

Jan-17

Jul-17

Jan-18

Jul-18

Jan-19

Jul-19

Jan-20

Jul-20

Jan-21

Cumulative aMW

Yr. 2014 Installations

Yr. 2017 Installations

Yr. 2016 Installations

Yr. 2015 Installations

Yr. 2018 Installations

Install Year

Intra-Year Ramp

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The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 37

2. ENERGY-EFFICIENCY POTENTIALS

Scope of Analysis

This assessment primarily seeks to develop accurate estimates of available energy-efficiency 

potential, essential for PSE’s IRP and program planning efforts. To support these efforts, 

Cadmus performed an in-depth assessment of technical potential and achievable technical 

potential for electric and gas resources in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors. This 

potential then could be bundled in terms of costs of conserved energy, allowing the IRP model to 

determine the optimal amount of energy-efficiency potential for selection. 

The remainder of this section divides into two parts: (1) a summary of resource potentials by 

fuel; and (2) detailed results by fuel and sector.

Summary of Resource Potentials—Electric

Table 17 shows 2033 forecasted baseline electric sales and potential by sector.17 As shown, study 

results indicate 714 aMW of technically feasible electric energy-efficiency potential will be 

available by 2033, the end of the 20-year planning horizon. This translates to an achievable 

technical potential of 521 aMW. Should all this potential prove cost-effective and realizable, it 

will result in a 16% reduction in 2033 forecasted retail sales.

Table 17. Electric Energy-Efficiency Potential by Sector, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential

Sector

Baseline 

Sales aMW

Percent of 

Baseline Sales aMW

Percent of 

Baseline Sales

Residential 1,619 356 22% 240 15%

Commercial 1,546 331 21% 258 17%

Industrial 132 28 21% 23 18%

Total 3,297 714 22% 521 16%

Figure 15 illustrates the relationship between identified technical potential and achievable 

technical potential, and the corresponding cost of conserved electricity.

18 For example, 

approximately 320 aMW of achievable potential exists, at a cost of less than $120 per MWh.

 

17 These savings derive from forecasts of future consumption, absent any utility program activities. While 

consumption forecasts account for the past savings PSE has acquired, the estimated potential is inclusive of—

not in addition to—current or forecasted program savings.

18 In calculating levelized costs of conserved energy, non-energy benefits are treated as a negative cost. This leads 

to some measures having a negative cost of conserved energy, although incremental upfront costs would occur.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Figure 15. Electric DSR Supply Curves—Cumulative in 2033a

aNote: The maximum cumulative technical potential shown in this figure is less than technical 

potential reported in Table 17 because resources above $600/MWh are not shown. 

Figure 16 shows the cumulative potential annually available in each sector. The study assumes 

all discretionary resources will be acquired on a 10-year schedule between 2014 and 2023. The 

10-year acceleration of discretionary resources will lead to the change in slope after 2023, at 

which point lost opportunity resources offer the only remaining potential.

Figure 16. Electric Energy-Efficiency Acquisition Schedule by Sector

$0

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

$/MWh

Cumulative aMW

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential

0

100

200

300

400

500

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

Cumulative aMW

Residential Commercial Industrial
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Figure 17 shows cumulative annual achievable electric savings by resource type (discretionary 

vs. lost opportunity). Overall discretionary measures account for 56% of cumulative savings in 

2033, and lost opportunity measures account for the remaining 44%. 

Figure 17. Electric Cumulative Annual Achievable Technical Potential by Resource Type

Summary of Resource Potentials—Natural Gas

Table 18 illustrates the 2033 forecasted baseline natural gas sales and potential by sector. As 

shown, study results indicate roughly 350 million therms of technically feasible energyefficiency potential by 2033, the end of the 20-year planning horizon. This translates to an 

achievable technical potential of 231 million therms. Should all of this potential prove costeffective and realizable, it will amount to a 21% reduction in 2033 forecasted retail sales.

Table 18. Natural Gas Energy-Efficiency Potential by Sector, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential

Sector

Baseline 

Sales

Million 

Therms

Percent of 

Baseline Sales

Million 

Therms

Percent of 

Baseline Sales

Residential 674 226 34% 147 22%

Commercial 408 120 29% 81 20%

Industrial 26 4 16% 3 12%

Total 1,108 350 32% 231 21%

Figure 18 illustrates the relationships between identified technical potential and achievable 

technical potential, and the corresponding costs of conserved energy. For example, roughly 

39 million therms of achievable potential will be available, at a cost of less than $1 per therm.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

Cumulative aMW

Discretionary Lost Opportunity
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Figure 18. Natural Gas DSR Potential Supply Curves, Cumulative in 2033

Figure 19 shows the cumulative potential annually available in each sector. As with electric 

potential, the study assumes all achievable discretionary opportunities will be acquired over 

10 years.

Figure 19. Natural Gas Energy-Efficiency Acquisition Schedule by Sector

Figure 20 shows cumulative annual gas achievable technical potential by resource type 

(discretionary vs. lost opportunity). In 2033, discretionary measures account for

$0

$2

$4

$6

$8

$10

$12

$14

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

$/Therm

Cumulative Million Therms

Techincal Potential Achievable Technical Potential

0

50

100

150

200

250

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

Cumulative Million Therms

Residential Commercial Industrial
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Figure 20. Gas Cumulative Annual Achievable Technical Potential by Resource Type 

Detailed Resource Potentials

Residential Sector—Electric

By 2033, residential customers in PSE’s service territory will likely account for almost one-half 

of baseline electric retail sales. 

The single-family, manufactured, and multifamily dwellings comprising this sector present a 

variety of potential savings sources, including: equipment efficiency upgrades (e.g., air 

conditioning, refrigerators); improvements to building shells (e.g., insulation, windows, air 

sealing); and increases in lighting efficiency (e.g., CFLs and LEDs). As described in Section 1: 

General Approach and Methodology, the expected impacts of new lighting standards established 

through EISA have been removed from the potential presented in this section.

As shown in Figure 21, single-family homes represent 64% of the total achievable technical 

residential electric potential, followed by multifamily (23%) and manufactured homes (13%).

Each home type’s proportion of baseline sales primarily drive these results, but other factors play 

an important role in determining potential, such as heating fuel sources. 

For example, a higher percentage of manufactured homes use electric heat than do other home 

types, which increases their relative share of the potential. However, manufactured homes also 

tend to be smaller than detached single-family homes, and experience lower per-customer

energy; so the same measure may save less in a manufactured home than in a single-family 

home. Volume II, Appendix B.3 provides a comprehensive list of the factors impacting segmentlevel energy-efficiency potential.

0

50

100

150

200

250

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

Cumulative Million Therms

Discretionary Lost Opportunity
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Figure 21. Residential Electric Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2033

Heating end uses represent the largest portion (36%) of achievable technical potential. Water 

heating, lighting, and appliances also represent over 10% of the total identified potential. A

considerable amount of energy-efficiency potential remains in the lighting end use, even after 

EISA effects have been removed from the baseline forecast. Figure 22 shows the total achievable 

technical potential by end-use group. Table 19 presents detailed potentials by end use.

Figure 22. Residential Electric Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2033

Single Family

64%

Multifamily

23%

Manufactured

13%

Total: 240 aMW Heating

36%

Water Heat

23%

Appliances

16%

Lighting

11%

Heat Pump

4%

Cooling

3%

Consumer Electronics

3%

Other Plug Loads

2%

Cooking

1%

Ventilation and 

Circulation

1%

Pool Pump

<1%

Total: 240 aMW
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Table 19. Residential Electric Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential

Achievable Technical 

Potential

End Use

Baseline 

Sales

(aMW) aMW

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales aMW

Percent of 

Baseline

Sales

Appliances 213 56 26% 38 18%

Consumer Electronics 169 15 9% 7 4%

Cooking 31 4 14% 2 6%

Cooling 27 10 38% 7 28%

Heat Pump 39 15 37% 11 27%

Heating 285 105 37% 86 30%

Lighting 85 43 50% 27 32%

Other Plug Loads 478 5 1% 4 1%

Pool Pump 5 3 58% 1 27%

Ventilation and Circulation 84 5 6% 2 2%

Water Heat 203 95 47% 56 27%

Total 1,619 356 22% 240 15%

Volume II, Appendix B.3 provides additional details regarding the savings associated with 

specific measures assessed within each end use.

Figure 23 shows annual cumulative achievable technical potential by resource type for the sector.

Discretionary measures, acquired in equal increments over a 10-year period, account for 57% of 

the 20-year cumulative achievable technical potential.

Figure 23. Residential Electric Annual Cumulative Achievable 

Technical Potential by Resource Type

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

aMW

Discretionary Lost Opportunity
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Residential Sector—Natural Gas

By 2033, residential customers will likely account for over 61% of PSE’s natural gas sales. 

Unlike residential electricity consumption, relatively few natural gas-fired end uses exist 

(primarily space heating, water heating, and appliances); however, significant energy savings 

opportunities remain available. Based on the energy-efficiency measures used in this assessment,

achievable technical potential in the residential sector will likely provide about 145 million 

therms over 20 years, corresponding to a 22% reduction of forecasted 2033 sales. 

Single-family homes account for 99% of the identified achievable technical potential, as shown 

in Figure 24. Less than 2% of total achievable technical potential occurs in multifamily and 

manufactured residences due to a lack of gas connections.

Figure 24. Residential Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2033

As shown in Figure 25, space heating and water heating end uses account for over 99% of the 

identified achievable technical potential, which combines high-efficiency equipment (such as

condensing furnaces and water heaters) and retrofits (such as shell measures, duct and pipe 

insulation, and low-flow showerheads). Table 20 presents detailed potentials by end use.

Single Family

99%

Multifamily

1%

Manufactured

<1%

Total: 147 Million Therms
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Figure 25. Residential Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2033

Table 20. Residential Natural Gas Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential

Achievable Technical 

Potential

End Use

Baseline Sales

(Million 

Therms)

Million 

Therms

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales

Million 

Therms

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales

Cooking 13 2 12% 1 7%

Dryer 4 0 9% 0 5%

Heating 429 151 35% 105 24%

Miscellaneous End Uses 35 0 0% 0 0%

Pool Heat 3 0 5% 0 3%

Water Heat 191 73 38% 41 21%

Total 674 226 34% 147 22%

Figure 26 shows residential natural gas annual cumulative achievable technical potential by 

resource type. Discretionary measures, acquired in equal increments over a 10-year period,

account for 57% of the 20-year cumulative, achievable technical potential.

Heating

71%

Water Heat

28%

Cooking

1%

Appliances

<1%

Pool Heat

Total: 147 Million Therms <1%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Figure 26. Residential Natural Gas Annual Cumulative Achievable 

Technical Potential by Resource Type

Commercial Sector—Electric

Based on resources included in this assessment, electric achievable technical potential in the 

commercial sector will likely be 258 aMW over 20 years, a 17% reduction in forecasted 2033

commercial sales.

As shown in Figure 27, offices represent slightly over one-third of the available potential (35%). 

Miscellaneous facilities also represent a large portion of available potential (17%). The 

miscellaneous segment includes: customers not fitting into the other categories; and customers 

with insufficient information for classification. 

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Cumulative Million Therms

Discretionary Lost Opportunity
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Figure 27. Commercial Electric Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2033

As shown in Figure 28, lighting efficiency improvements by far represent the largest portion of 

achievable technical potential in the commercial sector (40%), followed by ventilation and 

circulation (13%), cooling (10%), and space heating (9%). The large lighting potential includes 

bringing existing buildings to code, and exceeding code in new and existing structures. Table 21

shows distributions of baseline sales and savings across end uses.

Figure 28. Commercial Electric Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2033

Office

35%

Other

17%

Dry Goods 

Retail

12%

Grocery

8%

School

6%

Restaurant

6%

Hospital

6%

Warehouse

5%

Hotel Motel

3% University

2%

Total: 258 aMW

Lighting

40%

Ventilation and 

Circulation

13%

Cooling

10%

Heating

9%

Refrigeration

8%

Water Heat

7%

Heat Pump

6%

Office 

Equipment

5%

Other Plug Load

1% Appliances

1%

Cooking

0% Total: 258 aMW
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Table 21. Commercial Electric Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential

Achievable Technical 

Potential

End Use

Baseline 

Sales

(aMW) aMW

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales aMW

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales

Appliances 7 2 24% 1 21%

Cooking 17 1 5% 1 4%

Cooling 140 31 22% 26 19%

Heat Pump 58 19 33% 15 26%

Heating 79 28 35% 23 29%

Lighting 681 131 19% 102 15%

Office Equipment 104 17 17% 14 14%

Other Plug Load 81 3 4% 3 4%

Refrigeration 77 24 31% 21 27%

Ventilation and Circulation 219 38 17% 32 15%

Water Heat 81 37 46% 19 24%

Total 1,546 331 21% 258 17%

Figure 29 shows commercial electric annual cumulative achievable technical potential by 

resource type. Discretionary measures, acquired in equal increments over a 10-year period,

account for 50% of the 20-year cumulative achievable technical potential.

Figure 29. Commercial Electric Annual Cumulative Achievable 

Technical Potential by Resource Type

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

Cumulative aMW

Discretionary Lost Opportunity
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Commercial Sector—Natural Gas

Based on resources included in this assessment, natural gas achievable technical potential in the 

commercial sector will likely be 81 million therms over 20 years, a 20% reduction in forecasted 

2033 commercial sales. Achievable technical natural gas potential in the commercial sector 

represents about one-third of the total identified potential across all sectors. As shown in 

Figure 30, for electric customers, office buildings represent the largest portion of potential

(24%). Significant amounts of achievable technical potential exist in miscellaneous facilities 

(17%) and education buildings (17%).

Figure 30. Commercial Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2033

As in the residential sector, far fewer gas-fired end uses exist than electric end uses. Space 

heating accounts for 67% of the identified potential, with the remaining potential mostly in water 

heating (28%), with small amounts in cooking and pool heating (as shown in Figure 31 and

detailed in Table 22).

Dry Goods Retail

11%

Grocery

3%

Hospital

14%

Hotel Motel

Office 3%

24%

Miscellaneous

17%

Restaurant

6%

School

8%

University

9%

Warehouse

5%

Total: 81 Million Therms
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Figure 31. Commercial Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2033

Table 22. Commercial Natural Gas Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential

Achievable Technical 

Potential

End Use

Baseline Sales

(Million Therms)

Million 

Therm

s

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales

Million 

Therm

s

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales

Cooking 57 4 7% 2 4%

Heating 251 75 30% 54 22%

Pool Heat 15 2 15% 2 10%

Water Heat 81 37 46% 22 28%

Total 404 119 29% 81 20%

Figure 32 shows commercial natural gas annual cumulative achievable technical potential by 

resource type. Discretionary measures, acquired in equal increments across a 10-year period,

account for 65% of 20-year cumulative achievable technical potential.

Heating

67%

Water Heat

28%

Cooking

3%

Pool Heat

2%

Total: 81 Million Therms
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Figure 32. Commercial Natural Gas Annual Cumulative Achievable 

Technical Potential by Resource Type

Industrial Sector—Electric

The study estimates technical and achievable technical energy-efficiency potential for major end 

uses within 17 major industrial sectors. (Volume II, Appendix B.1. provides a list of these 

industries, along with baseline information.) Across all industries, achievable technical potential 

totals approximately 23 aMW over the 20-year planning horizon, corresponding to an 18%

reduction of forecasted 2033 industrial consumption. 

Figure 33 shows 20-year industrial achievable technical potential by segment. 

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Cumulative Million Therms

Discretionary Lost Opportunity
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Figure 33. Industrial Sector Electric Achievable Technical Potential by Segment

Note: “Other Segments” include: Printing Related Support, Transportation Equipment Mfg, Fabricated 

Metal Products, Paper Mfg, Nonmetallic Mineral Products, Electrical Equipment Mfg, Plastics and 

Rubber Products, Chemical Mfg, Petroleum Coal Products, and Primary Metal Mfg.

As shown in Figure 34, the majority of electric achievable technical potentials in the industrial 

sector (51%) result from pumps. Process improvement measures (15%) and fans (13%) also 

comprise significant portions of available technical potential. A small amount of additional 

potential exists for lighting and other facility improvements. Table 23 presents detailed potentials 

by end use. All industrial measures should be considered discretionary, with savings acquired 

over a 10-year time frame.

Figure 34. Industrial Electric Achievable Technical Potential by End Use, 

Cumulative in 2033

Water

59%

Wastewater

12%

Miscellaneous 

Mfg

7%

Food Mfg

4%

Wood Product 

Mfg

3%

Computer 

Electronic Mfg

3%

Industrial 

Machinery

3%

Other Segments

Total: 23 aMW 9%

Pumps

51%

Process 

Aircomp

13%

Fans

13% Motors Other

9%

Lighting

8%

HVAC

4%

Process Heat

1%

Process Refrig

1%

Process Other

Process Electro <1%

Chemical

<1% Total: 23 aMW
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Table 23. Industrial Electric Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential

Achievable Technical 

Potential

End Use

Baseline 

Sales

(aMW) aMW

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales aMW

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales

Fans 9 3 36% 3 31%

HVAC 12 1 9% 1 8%

Indirect Boiler 1 0 0% 0 0%

Lighting 9 2 22% 2 19%

Motors 18 2 14% 2 12%

Other 12 0 0% 0 0%

Process 28 4 16% 4 14%

Pumps 42 14 33% 12 28%

Total 132 28 21% 23 18%

Industrial Sector—Natural Gas

As electricity powers most industrial processes and end uses, the industrial sector represents a

small portion of natural gas baseline sales and potential. 

Across all industries, achievable technical potential totals approximately 3 million therms over 

20 years. Although this represents 12% of forecasted 2033 industrial sales, it accounts for only 

2% of the achievable technical potential across the three sectors. As shown in Figure 35, 

substantial achievable technical potential occurs in: miscellaneous manufacturing (25%), 

machinery (12%), metals (11%), and paper (11%).

Figure 35. Industrial Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by Segment, 

Cumulative in 2033

Miscellaneous Mfg

25%

Other Segments

17%

Industrial 

Machinery

12%

Printing Related 

Support

11%

Fabricated Metal 

Products

11%

Transportation 

Equipment Mfg

9% Food Mfg

8%

Nonmetallic 

Mineral Products

Total: 3.1 Million Therms 7%
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Note: “Other Segments” include: Computer Electronic Mfg, Wood Product Mfg, Electrical Equipment Mfg, Plastics 

Rubber Products, Chemical Mfg, Primary Metal Mfg, Paper Mfg, Petroleum Coal Products, and Water/Wastewater.

Two-thirds of achievable technical potential derive from process improvements. As shown in 

Figure 36 and detailed in Table 24, the remaining potentials occur in HVAC and boiler

improvements. All industrial measures should be considered discretionary, with savings acquired 

over a 10-year time frame.

Figure 36. Industrial Natural Gas Achievable Technical Potential by End Use

Table 24. Industrial Natural Gas Potential by End Use, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential Achievable Technical 

Potential

End Use

Baseline Sales

(Million 

Therms)

Million 

Therm

s

Percent of 

Baseline 

Sales

Million 

Therms

Percent of 

Baseline Sales

HVAC 7.3 1.2 16% 0.9 12%

Indirect Boiler 7.2 0.1 2% 0.1 2%

Other 0.4 0.0 0% 0.0 0%

Process 11.0 2.8 25% 2.1 19%

Total 25.9 4.1 16% 3.1 12%

Process

67%

HVAC

29%

Indirect Boiler

4%

Total: 3.1 Million Therms
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3. FUEL CONVERSION POTENTIALS

Scope of Analysis

In this study’s context, fuel conversion refers to electricity-saving opportunities involving 

substitution of natural gas for electricity through replacement of space heating systems, water 

heating equipment, and appliances. 

Where PSE provides both gas and electric service, the study examines fuel conversion potentials 

for: existing residential single-family homes; existing and new commercial buildings; and new 

multifamily structures. Analysis includes three end uses for single-family and multifamily 

homes: space heating, water heating, and appliances (clothes dryers and cooking ranges). For 

new multifamily homes, Cadmus’ analysis includes the potential from converting electric 

baseboard heating to natural gas furnaces. For commercial buildings, analysis only examines

space and water heating end uses.

Summary of Resource Potentials

The study calculates fuel conversion technical potentials by assuming conversion of all 

applicable customers and end uses. 

As part of the 2009 IRP, Cadmus conducted a survey of residential customers to aid in 

determining customers’ willingness to switch from an electric heating system to a gas heating 

system. Based on this survey, approximately 63% of respondents indicated they would be likely 

or highly likely to convert from electric to gas space heating if the utility paid 100% of the cost. 

As such, the achievable technical potential would be assumed to represent 63% of the technical 

potential. In the absence of comparable primary data, analysis used the same percentage for the 

commercial sector. 

Based on survey results and on previous PSE experiences, of the new residential-sector gas 

customers converting a space heater, 70% would also convert a water heater, and 5% would 

convert a range and/or dryer. For existing gas customers, all would convert a water heater, and 

5% would convert a range and/or dryer. The analysis assumes similar percentages for water 

heating conversions in the commercial sector.

Estimates indicate 240 aMW cumulative electric technical potential from fuel conversion by 

2033. Acquisition of the indicated electricity savings will, however, result in increased gas 

consumption of about 11 million therms by 2033. After adjusting for the achievability described 

above, the total achievable technical electric savings potential of fuel conversion in 2033 is 

estimated at just over 61 aMW. This achievable technical potential corresponds to increased gas 

consumption of about 4 million therms.

Table 25 and Table 26 show, respectively, technical and achievable technical potential by 

customer type and market segment.
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Table 25. Fuel Conversion Potentials by Customer Type, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential

Customer Type

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW)

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms)

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW)

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms)

Electric-Only 165 7 45 3

Existing Gas Customer 75 4 16 1

Total 240 11 61 4

Table 26. Fuel Conversion Potentials by Market Segment, Cumulative in 2033

Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential

Market Segment

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW)

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms)

Electric 

Savings 

(aMW)

Additional Gas 

Usage (million 

therms)

Single-family 198 8 39 2

Multifamily 2 <1 <1 <1

Commercial 40 3 22 2

Total 240 11 61 4

Detailed Resource Potentials

Residential Sector

The fuel conversion potential for single-family homes targets existing customers, while the 

multifamily conversion targets new construction, with the new construction market size 

cumulative over 20 years, as estimated from PSE’s customer forecast, and assuming a consistent 

percentage of multifamily homes. The potential market size accounts for current measure 

saturations. For example, some existing single-family homes already have a gas water heater; so 

water heater conversion would not be considered for those customers. In addition, the potential 

market size for new construction excludes the percentage of customers that have historically 

included gas systems.

Measures Considered

Cadmus’ analysis of fuel conversion considers opportunities for three major end uses in 

residential dwellings: central heating: water heating (including conversion to integrated space 

and water heating units); and appliances (clothes dryer and oven). For space heating conversions, 

the study’s treatment of multifamily homes differs slightly from that used with single-family 

homes for baseboard heating systems:

 For new multifamily buildings, the study examines conversion of room (or zonal) heating 

systems to natural gas furnaces. 

 For existing single-family buildings, the study does not consider the cost of converting an 

existing baseboard system to a central system, given the high cost of installing the 

necessary ductwork. 
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Clothes dryers and cooking ranges were the only appliances considered in the study. Table 27

shows applicable measures and their assumed technical specifications. These measures serve as 

the equivalent to those used for the energy-efficiency analysis, and detailed descriptions can be 

found in Volume II, Appendix B.

Table 27. End Uses and Measures Assessed

End Use Gas Measure Electric Baseline

Space heating 95% AFUE condensing furnace Electric furnace

Electric baseboard (new MF only)

Wall Heater 84% (space and zonal) Electric baseboard (existing SF only)

Gas Fireplace Electric baseboard (existing SF only)

Integrated space & 

water heating

95% AFUE integrated space & water heater Electric furnace, electric water heater, 55 gal.

90% AFUE Boiler Electric baseboard, electric water heater, 55 gal. 

(new MF only)

Water heating EF = 0.67 storage water heater Electric water heater

EF = 0.82 tankless water heater

Appliances High-efficiency dryer 2015 Standard Electric dryer 

High-efficiency cooking oven 2012 Standard oven

Gas Availability 

In terms of service extension costs, gas availability and its implications present important 

considerations in determining the potential for fuel conversion. A major factor in determining the 

cost of new gas service is whether an electric-only customer is on a gas main. 

For existing single-family customers, the study used data from multiple sources (including PSE’s 

2010 RCS) to determine availability. Analysis also considered the size range of single-family

homes, given that larger homes would likely use more energy for space heating. Cadmus divided 

the single-family homes into three size categories: 1,800 sq. ft., 2,100 sq. ft., and 2,400 sq. ft., 

with the percentage of homes in each category determined from the RCS. 

PSE currently provides gas to approximately 49% of single-family homes in its electric service 

area. Customers currently receiving gas service from PSE can be considered candidates only for

additional gas-using equipment, without imposing additional line extension costs. Cadmus used 

the RCS to estimate the total number of gas-heated, single-family homes with electric water 

heaters and other appliances. This estimate resulted in over 46,500 existing gas homes eligible 

for conversion.

Of electric customers without PSE gas service, approximately one-third reside in PSE’s gas 

service territory. Based on the latest data available from PSE, approximately 24% of these 

customers are located on a gas main, 9% are a short distance (50 feet) from a gas main, and 18%

are a moderate distance (200 feet) from a gas main. The remaining customers are too far from a 

gas main to be considered eligible for conversion.

For new electric multifamily customers, approximately 14% reside in PSE combination territory, 

with one-quarter on a main, and another one-quarter near a main. Of those within the 
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combination territory, approximately 15% of customers will install baseboard heating systems

without programmatic intervention (and thus can be considered part of the conversion potential).

Conversion Costs and Savings

The study uses the total resource cost (TRC) perspective to assess conversion costs. This 

assumes the installed cost of the gas measure, less the cost of an equivalent electric measure, and 

includes gas line extension costs. 

For electric-only customers, connecting a house to a gas main will likely require a service line 

extension of $3,406. Customers a short distance (50 feet) from a gas main experience an 

additional $2,000 cost, and those a moderate distance (300 feet) from a main experience an 

additional $12,000 cost. 

This analysis includes the cost of line extensions for the gas furnaces. However, as water heaters 

may be converted without the furnace, the study includes a proportional amount for water 

heating measures. An appliance end use only has an additional cost for interior piping (estimated 

at $200 per piece of equipment, as determined through interviews with local HVAC contractors 

on PSE’s Contract Referral Service List, conducted in 2008). 

Figure 37 shows cumulative electric savings, categorized by home type and end use, and 

distributed by levelized cost. Conversion savings estimates are based on the same assumed levels 

of unit energy consumption (UEC) as that used in the energy-efficiency analysis, described in 

Section 2: Energy Efficiency Potentials. Calculation of levelized cost includes increased gas 

usage, counted as an ongoing annual O&M cost. For baseline values, the study uses electric 

UECs (kWh/yr) and gas UECs (therms/year) from the baseline forecast for existing single-family 

and new multifamily homes.

Figure 37. Residential Fuel Conversion Supply Curve, Cumulative in 2033

$0.00

$0.20

$0.40

$0.60

$0.80

$1.00

$1.20

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

$/kWh

aMW

Multifamily Appliances Multifamily Heating Multifamily Water Heating

Single Family Appliances Single Family Heating Single Family Water Heating
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Potential

Table 28 and Figure 38 provide the technical and achievable technical conversion potential in 

2033 for the residential sector (single family and multifamily dwellings), by end use.

Table 28. Residential Fuel Conversion Potential by End Use, Cumulative aMW in 2033

End Use

Technical 

Potential

Achievable Technical 

Potential

Clothes Drying 32 1

Cooking 7 0

Space Heating: Baseboard 16 1

Integrated Space and Water Heating Boiler 1 0

Space Heating: Ducted 39 12

Integrated Space and Water Heating Ducted 47 2

Zonal Heating 16 1

Water Heating 42 23

Total 200 39

Figure 38. Residential Fuel Conversion Achievable Technical Potential 

by End Use, Cumulative 2033

Commercial Sector

The fuel conversion potential for the commercial sector includes conversion of equipment in

existing buildings and new facilities.

Measures Considered

For existing facilities in the commercial sector, the measures considered include: 94% AFUE 

furnaces, and high-efficiency water heaters (≥0.67 EF storage and EF=0.82 tankless). The new 

Water 

Heating, 

59%

Space 

Heating: 

Ducted, 31%

Integrated 

Space and 

Water 

Heating 

Ducted, 4%

Other End 

Uses, 4%

Clothes 

Drying, 

2%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes: Space Heating: Baseboard: 1.6%, Zonal 

Heating: 1.4%, Cooking: <1%, Integrated Space and Water Heating Bolier: 0%

Total: 39 aMW
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construction segment includes the same measures, plus the additional measures provided in 

Table 29. 

Table 29. New Construction Additional End Uses and Measures Assessed

End Use Gas Measure Electric Baseline

Space heating Gas warm up heat Electric furnace

80% AFUE gas packaged systems Packaged rooftop unit

Integrated space & 

water heating

90% Thermal Efficiency Boiler Packaged rooftop unit, electric water heater, 50 gal.

Packaged rooftop variable air volume w/ electrical 

resistance reheat & electric water heater, 50 gal.

Gas Availability

Data from the 2008 CBSA, coupled with PSE’s nonresidential customer database, provided 

market shares by territory and end use. 

Of existing electric-only customers, approximately 60% are in PSE gas territory, with around

25% of those on a main line. For new customers, approximately 32% will be expected to be 

within the combination service territory, 25% will be on a gas main, 9% will be a short distance 

(50 feet) from a gas main, and 18% will be at a moderate distance (200 feet) from a gas main. 

The remaining customers will be too far from a gas main to be considered for conversion.

By applying this percentage to PSE’s commercial new customer forecast and accounting for 

saturation of furnaces, Cadmus estimates about 774 customers will be eligible over the 20-year 

study to install a furnace. This number excludes customers expected to install a gas line anyway. 

Additional potential exists for current gas customers without gas water heaters (approximately 

7,300 customers).

Conversion Costs and Benefits

Analysis estimates conversion savings based on assumed UEC levels, consistent with those used 

in the energy-efficiency analysis, described in Section 2: Energy Efficiency Potentials. Increased 

gas usage, counted as an ongoing annual O&M cost, is included in the calculation of levelized 

cost. For baseline values, the study uses electric UECs (kWh/yr) and gas UECs (therms/year) 

from the baseline forecast. 

Figure 39 shows cumulative electric savings, by end use, distributed by levelized cost. Similar to 

the residential sector, the service-line connection cost applies only to existing customers for the 

furnace cost. For simplicity, commercial buildings assume energy consumption as the weighted 

average of all segments, based on the likelihood of equipment being used in the given facility.
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Figure 39. Commercial Fuel Conversion Supply Curve, Cumulative in 2033

Potential

Table 30 and Figure 40 show the technical and achievable technical conversion potential in 2033

by end use. The end-use “Space Heating: Ducted” represents conversion for electric furnaces in 

existing buildings, while the “Space Heating” end use represents both furnace and gas warm-up 

heat conversions in new construction.

Table 30. Commercial Fuel Conversion Potential by End Use, Cumulative aMW in 2033

End Use Technical Potential Achievable Technical Potential

Space Heating 1 0

Space Heating: Ducted 1 1

Integrated Space and Water Heating 2 1

Water Heating 35 19

Total 40 22

$0.00

$0.20

$0.40

$0.60

$0.80

$1.00

$1.20

$1.40

0 5 10 15 20 25

$/kWh

aMW

Commercial Heating Commercial Water Heating
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Figure 40. Commercial Fuel Conversion Achievable Technical Potential 

by End Use, Cumulative in 2033

Water Heating, 

88.7%

Integrated 

Space and 

Water Heating, 

6%

Space Heating: 

Ducted, 3%

Space Heating, 

2%

Total: 22 aMW
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4. DEMAND RESPONSE POTENTIALS

Scope of Analysis

Focusing on reducing a utility’s capacity needs, demand-response programs rely on flexible 

loads, which may be curtailed or interrupted during system emergencies or when wholesale 

market prices exceed the utility’s supply cost. These programs seek to help reduce peak demand 

and promote improved system reliability. In some instances, the programs may defer investments 

in delivery and generation infrastructure. 

Demand-response objectives may be met through a broad range of strategies, both price-based 

(such as time-varying rates or interruptible tariffs) and incentive-based (such as DLC ) strategies. 

This assessment utilizes three demand response strategies:

 DLC programs allow a utility to interrupt or cycle electrical equipment and appliances 

remotely at a customer’s facility. This study assesses DLC program potential for two 

programs in the residential sector: 

o A combination program of central electric heating (including heat pumps) and 

electric water heating; and

o A combination program of room heating and electric water heating.

 Load Curtailment programs refer to contractual arrangements between a utility and a 

third-party aggregator that works with utility customers. The third-party aggregator 

typically guarantees a specific curtailment level during an event period, achieving load 

reduction by working with utility customers that agree to curtail or interrupt their loads in 

whole or part when requested. In most cases, customers must participate once enrolled in 

the program and incentives are paid per curtailed kW. Cadmus’ analysis of these 

programs assumes they target nonresidential customers with average monthly loads 

greater than 100 kW. Customers may use backup generation to meet displaced loads.

 Critical Peak Pricing (CPP) or extreme-day pricing refers to programs aiming to reduce 

system demand by encouraging customers to reduce their loads for a limited number of 

hours during the year. When such events occur, customers may curtail their usage or pay 

substantially higher-than-standard retail rates. CPP programs integrate a pricing structure 

similar to a time-of-use (TOU) program, though CPPs use more extreme pricing signals 

during critical events. This assessment examines CPP options for both the residential and 

commercial sectors.

As this study updates the 2011 IRP, the program options listed above largely have been based on 

that assessment, with revisions based on PSE’s input. After Cadmus reviewed new demand 

response literature including recent program evaluations on programs across the country as well 

as on PSE’s pilot programs, updates were made to each program. This section details the design 

specifications and assumptions underlying the analysis for each program strategy.

Summary of Resource Potentials

Table 31 presents estimated resource potentials for all demand-response strategies for the 

residential, commercial, and industrial sectors during summer and winter. The greatest market 
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potential occurs in the residential sector, due to the DLC programs. Notably, this analysis does

not account for program interactions and overlap; thus, the total market potential estimates may 

not be fully attainable upon implementation of all program strategies.

Table 31. Demand Response Market Potential, MW in 2033

Sector

Winter Market 

Potential (MW)

Summer Market 

Potential (MW)

Percent of System 

Peak – Winter*

Percent of System 

Peak – Summer*

Residential 130 77 2.9% 1.9%

Commercial 78 85 1.7% 2.1%

Industrial 4 5 0.1% 0.1%

Total 213 166 4.7% 4.1%

*System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours and is calculated for each season.

Resource Costs and Supply Curves

Resource acquisition costs fall into multiple categories, including: infrastructure, administration, 

maintenance, data acquisition, hardware costs, marketing expenses, and incentives

Cadmus developed estimates for each expense category within each program using PSE’s 

program data and experience, and using secondary sources, such as reports on similar programs 

offered by other utilities. In developing estimates of levelized costs, the study allocates program 

expenses annually over the program’s expected life cycle, and discounts by PSE’s cost of capital 

(7.8%). The ratio of this value and the discounted kW reduction produces the levelized per-kW 

cost for each program. 

Table 32 displays per-unit ($/kW per year) costs by program for the estimated market potential 

during the winter season. Estimates find the Load Curtailment program for large, nonresidential 

customers to be the least-expensive option, with a levelized cost of $105/kW per year, while, due 

to high technology installation costs, the residential DLC—room and water heat program proves

the most costly, with a levelized cost of $590/kW per year.

Table 32. Demand Response Market Potential and 

Levelized Costs, Winter MW in 2033

Program Strategy

Achievable 

Potential 

(MW)

Levelized Cost 

($/kW-year)

Residential Direct Load Control - Space and Water Heat 57 $112 

Residential Direct Load Control - Room and Water Heat 59 $590 

Residential Critical Peak Pricing 14 $390 

Commercial & Industrial Critical Peak Pricing 3 $252 

Commercial & Industrial Curtailment 80 $105 

Total 213

Cadmus constructed supply curves from quantities of estimated market potential and per-unit 

costs for each program option. Figure 41 shows the quantity of market demand-response 

potential available during winter peak hours in 2033 as a function of levelized cost.
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Figure 41. Demand Response Supply Curve, Winter MW in 2033

Resource Acquisition Schedule

Cadmus assumes each program will require an ample start-up period before achieving full 

participation. Therefore, each program option has an associated ramp rate, as described below:19

 The curtailment program is assumed to be the first to begin, reaching maximum 

participation in 2017.

 Residential DLC programs and the Residential CPP program will start in 2016 as twoyear pilot programs. In 2018, the programs will begin to grow to full participation by 

2020. This schedule has been partially dictated by PSE’s schedule for installing advanced 

metering infrastructure (AMI) in the residential sector.

 The CPP programs are assumed to start as a three-year pilot 2017 to account for the time 

required to create a new tariff and to place necessary infrastructure. In 2020, the 

programs will begin to ramp up, growing to full deployment by 2022.

Figure 42 and Figure 43 show the acquisition schedule for achievable potential for winter and 

summer impacts, respectively.

 

19 Once programs reach full participation, impacts continue to grow due to forecasted load growth.

Curtailment DLC SH+WH

DLC RH+WH

Com CPP

Res CPP

 $-

 $100

 $200

 $300

 $400

 $500

 $600

 $700

 - 50 100 150 200 250

Levelized Cost ($/kW-year)

Cumulative Savings (MW)
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Figure 42. Demand Response Annual Achievable Technical Potential 

by Strategy—Winter

Figure 43. Demand Response Annual Achievable Technical Potential 

by Strategy—Summer
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 67

Detailed Resource Potentials by Program Strategy

Residential DLC

DLC programs seek to interrupt specific end-use loads at customer facilities through utilitydirected control. When deemed necessary, the utility, through a third-party contractor, is 

authorized to cycle or shut off participating appliances or equipment for a limited number of 

hours on a limited number of occasions. Customers do not have to pay for the control equipment 

or installation of control systems, and they typically receive incentives, paid through monthly 

credits on their utility bills.

For such programs, receiver systems installed on customer equipment enable utility 

communications and execution of controls. Historically, DLC programs have become mandatory 

once a customer elects to participate; however, voluntary participation has become an option for 

some programs with more intelligent control systems and override capabilities at the customer 

facility.

20

Because PSE’s system peak occurs in the winter, this assessment focuses on two DLC programs 

controlling heating loads. Although residential DLC for air conditioning has been one of the 

most well-established programs in the nation (utilized by PacifiCorp, MidAmerican Energy, 

Alliant Energy, Florida Power and Light, Xcel Energy, and other utilities), the central and room 

heating DLC programs remain a relatively new idea, with minimal data available through 

secondary research.

PSE implemented a space-and-water-heating DLC pilot from 2009 through 2011. Due to the 

minimal secondary data available for such programs, some summer DLC program assumptions 

have been adapted to supplement PSE’s pilot data for this assessment.

Central Heating and Water Heating

Table 33 shows the market potential results by end use, per season. Although this program 

primarily focuses on reducing the winter peak, water heaters will be available for control in the 

summer.

Table 33. Residential DLC Central Heat and Water Heat: Technical and 

Achievable Technical Potential, MW in 2033

End Use

Winter Market 

Potential

Summer 

Market 

Potential

Percent of 

System Peak –

Winter*

Percent of 

System Peak –

Summer*

Central Heat 45 - 1.0% 0.0%

Water Heat 12 12 0.3% 0.3%

Total 57 12 1.3% 0.3%

 *System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours and is calculated for each season.

 

20 Typically, penalties are associated with non-compliance or opt-outs.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 68

Figure 44 shows the achievable potential for the central heat DLC program, based on an 

acquisition schedule for a two-year pilot program, starting in 2016 and ramping up to full 

participation in 2020.

Figure 44. Residential DLC Central Heat and Water Heat Acquisition Schedule

Utility incentives for residential DLC programs can vary greatly, from a free programmable 

thermostat, to a set incentive amount per month, to a 15% discount on customers’ summer 

electricity bills (which may range from $50 to $60 annually for many participants). This analysis 

assumes incentives set at $32/year for central heat cycling, with an additional $8 for water 

heating control. Additional costs assessed for this program include the following: 

 $25 of marketing; per new customer.

 $7 for communications per existing customer.

 A third-party vendor administrative cost.

Table 34 and Table 35 provide detailed assumptions.

Table 34. Residential DLC Central Heat and Water Heat: Program Basics

Program Concept Assumptions

Customer Sectors Eligible Residential customers in single-family and manufactured homes 

End Uses Eligible for Program Electric central heating (including air-source heat pumps) and electric water heaters

Customer Size Requirements, if any N/A

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

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Table 35. Residential DLC Central Heat and Water Heat: Inputs and Sources

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions

Annual Attrition (%) 5% Studies found 7% (composed of 5% change-of-service and 2% removals) 

from utilities, including: PacifiCorp, Xcel Energy, Eon US, Sacramento 

Municipal Utility District, Florida Power and Light (removals range from 1% 

to 3%). Removals are accounted for in event participation.

Per Customer Impacts 

(kW)

1.74 central heat Based on PSE’s central and water heating pilot. Per switch impacts are 

weighted by the morning and afternoon impacts. 0.58 water heat

Annual Administrative 

Costs (percent of 

annual costs)

5% An additional utility administrative cost is added to the vendor program 

cost.

Annual Vendor 

Administrative Costs 

(percent of annual 

costs)

15% Based on research of vendor bids and informal communications with 

vendors. Includes maintenance, administrative labor, and dispatch 

software.

Technology Cost $280/water heat switch

$370/thermostat

$275/digital internet 

gateway

Based on PSE’s Residential Demand Response Pilot Program. These 

costs include labor for installation.

Marketing Cost $25 Assumes 0.5 hour of staff time, valued at $50/hour (fully loaded). Based on 

research of vendor bids and informal communications with vendors.

Incentive (annual 

costs)

Central Heating $32 Incentives range from $30 to $35 for most utilities for one piece of 

equipment and $8 for additional equipment. PSE’s pilot program offered

$50 for both central and water heating.

Water Heating $8

Communication Costs 

(per Customer Per 

Year) 

$7 This value accounts for annual per-customer communication of a one-way 

transmission system.

Eligible Load (%) 100% Assumes all electric central heating customers and associated loads qualify 

for the program.

Technical Potential (as 

a percent of gross)

Central Heating 50% Assumes all central heating units and heat pumps can be retrofit, and the 

program employs a 50% cycling strategy. Due to the tank, water heaters 

can be shut off for the entire event (100% reduction).

Water Heating 100%

Program Participation 

(%)

Single-family and 

Manufactured 20%

Assumes 20% of single-family and manufactured homes with electric 

central heating will participate. Minimal data for DLC heating programs 

exist; therefore, this assumption has been based on the average 

participation rate for national DLC cooling programs (between 15% and 

20% of all residential customers, which translates to 20% to 30% of eligible 

customers). This is consistent with the 2009 FERC study estimate of 25% 

program participation for DLC cooling programs. 

As customers with electric central heating will include water heating, the 

water heating participation rates reflect the portion of electric water heaters 

in homes with electric central heating.

Due to difficulties in reaching the multifamily segment, these customers 

have been removed from the potential.

Multifamily 0%

Event Participation 

(%)

94% Based on utility experience with DLC cooling programs, accounting for 

homeowners removing units and operational breakdowns (from 2.5% to 

5.8%). 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 70

Room Heating and Water Heating

Similar to a central heating DLC program, a room heating DLC program is a relatively new idea,

with little or no data available through secondary research. Table 36 provides market potential 

results by end use, for winter and summer. As with the central heating, greater potential exists in 

the winter, since all the heating load occurs at that time. The program’s summer portion only 

targets the water heating load.

Table 36. Residential DLC Room Heat and Water Heat: 

Achievable Technical Potential, MW in 2033

End Use

Winter Market 

Potential

Summer 

Market 

Potential

Percent of 

System Peak -

Winter

Percent of 

System Peak -

Summer

Room Heat 4 - 0.1% 0.0%

Water Heat 55 55 1.2% 1.3%

Total 59 55 1.3% 1.3%

 *System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours and is calculated for each season.

Figure 45 shows the achievable potential for the central heat DLC program, based on an 

acquisition schedule starting in 2016, with a two-year pilot program, ramping up to full 

participation in 2020.

Figure 45. Residential DLC Room Heat and Water Heat Acquisition Schedule

All cost assumptions (except for technology costs) remain consistent with the central heating 

program. Table 37 and 

Table 38 provide detailed assumptions.

 -

 10

 20

 30

 40

 50

 60

 70

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

aMW

Winter Summer
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 71

Table 37. Residential DLC Room Heat and Water Heat: Program Basics

Program Concept Assumptions

Customer Sectors Eligible Residential customers in single-family and manufactured homes

End Uses Eligible for Program Electric room heating (baseboard) and electric water heaters

Customer Size Requirements, if any N/A

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours

Table 38. Residential DLC Room Heat and Water Heat: Inputs and Sources

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions

Annual Attrition (%) 5% Studies have found 7% (composed of 5 % change-of-service 

and 2% removals) from utilities, including: PacifiCorp, Xcel 

Energy, Eon US, Sacramento Municipal Utility District,, 

Florida Power and Light (removals range from 1% to 3%). 

Removals are accounted for in event participation.

Per Customer Impacts (kW) 0.05 room heat Based on PSE’s central and water heating pilot. Per switch 

impacts are weighted by the morning and afternoon impacts. 0.58 water heat

Annual Administrative Costs ( 

percent of annual costs)

5% An additional utility administrative cost is added to the 

vendor program cost.

Annual Vendor Administrative 

Costs (percent of annual costs)

15% Based on research of vendor bids and informal 

communications with vendors. Includes maintenance, 

administrative labor, and dispatch software.

Technology Cost $280/water heat switch

$280/baseboard switch

$275/digital internet gateway

Based on PSE’s experience during its Residential Demand 

Response Pilot Program. These costs include labor for 

installation. Assumes two baseboard switches per home.

Marketing Cost $25 Marketing costs are based on 0.5 hour of staff time, valued 

at $50/hour (fully loaded). 

Incentive (annual costs) Room Heating $32 Incentives range from $30 to $35 for most utilities for one 

piece of equipment, and $8 for additional equipment. PSE’s 

pilot program offered $50 for both space and water heating.

Water Heating $8

Technical Potential (as percent 

of Gross)

Room Heating 50% Assumes all room units can be retrofit and the program 

employs a 50% cycling strategy. Due to the tank, water 

heating can be shut off for the entire event (100% reduction).

Water Heating 100%

Program Participation (%) Single-family and 

Manufactured 20%

Assumes 20% of customers with electric room heating will 

participate. Minimal data for DLC heating programs exists; 

therefore, the assumption is based on the average 

participation rate for national programs for DLC AC 

programs (between 15% and 20% of all residential 

customers, which translates to 20% to 30% of eligible 

customers). 

Due to the difficulty of reaching the multifamily segment, it is 

assumed that multifamily customers will only participate in 

this program’s water heating portion. 

All customers with electric room heating will include water 

heating in the program; so participation rates have been 

adjusted to account for the percentage of electric heating 

customers with electric water heat.

Multifamily 0% Room Heating, 

20% Water Heat
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 72

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions

Event Participation (%) 94% Based on utility experience with DLC cooling programs, 

accounting for homeowners removing units and operational 

breakdowns (from 2.5% to 5.8%). 

Nonresidential Load Curtailment

Load curtailment programs utilize contractual arrangements between the utility, a third-party 

aggregator that implements the program, and utility nonresidential customers that agree to curtail 

or interrupt their operations (in whole or part) for a predetermined period when requested by the 

utility. In most cases, mandatory participation or liquidated damage agreements are required 

once the customer enrolls in the program; however, the terms of each contract limit the number 

of curtailment requests―both in total and on a daily basis.

Generally, customers are not paid for individual events, but receive compensation through a 

fixed monthly amount per kW of pledged curtailable load, or through a rate discount. Typically, 

contracts require customers to curtail their connected load by a set percentage (typically, from 

15% to 20%) or a predetermined level (e.g., 100 kW). Such programs often involve long-term 

contracts, with penalties for non-compliance, which range from simply dropping the customer 

from the program to more punitive actions, such as requiring the customer to repay the utility for 

the committed (but not curtailed) energy at market rates. 

For this study, Cadmus assumes nonresidential customers with a monthly demand of at least 

100 kW qualify for such a program. Backup generation plays a key role in potential savings 

associated with the curtailment program. As these participants can turn on a backup generator 

during critical peak times, customers with backup generators experience minimal burdens. In 

many utility programs (excluding those in California), customers may use backup generators to 

meet curtailment requirements; this assessment includes such customers.

Table 39 shows the estimated market potential by sector for winter and summer. The commercial 

sector makes up the majority of the estimated potential during both seasons.

Table 39. Load Curtailment Achievable Technical Potential, MW in 2033

Sector

Winter Market 

Potential

Summer 

Market 

Potential

Percent of 

System Peak –

Winter*

Percent of 

System Peak –

Summer*

Commercial 76 82 1.7% 2.0%

Industrial 4 5 0.1% 0.1%

Total 80 87 1.8% 2.1%

 *System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours and is calculated for each season.

Figure 46 shows the curtailment program’s achievable potential, based on an acquisition 

schedule beginning in 2014, and achieving approximately 25% of participation annually, until 

reaching full participation in 2017.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 73

Figure 46. Load Curtailment Acquisition Schedule

Typically, curtailment programs run through third-party aggregators, which charge a set $/kW 

fee. This assessment considers utility administrative costs in addition to third-party aggregator 

costs. Table 40 and Table 41 provide detailed assumptions, including values and sources from 

which potential and levelized costs have been derived.

Table 40. Load Curtailment Program Basics

Program Concept Assumptions

Customer Sectors Eligible All industrial and commercial market segments

End Uses Eligible for Program Total load of all end uses

Customer Size Requirements, if any Customers >100kW

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 74

Table 41. Load Curtailment Inputs Consistent Across Market Segments

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions

Vendor Costs $80/kW Based on third-party aggregator bid.

Annual Administrative Costs (%) 5% Administrative costs are rolled into the $/kW cost.

Technology Cost (per new participant) N/A Included in third-party aggregator bid.

Marketing Cost (per new participant) N/A Included in third-party aggregator bid.

Incentives (annual costs per participating kW) N/A Included in third-party aggregator bid.

Overhead: First Costs N/A Included in third-party aggregator bid.

Technical Potential 30% Customers shed between 26.9% and 34% of load for day-of and dayahead events, respectively (2010 and 2011 Statewide Aggregator 

Demand Response Programs: Final Report, Christensen Associates).

Program Participation (%) 20% Programs across the country experience participation rates from 4% 

(the Mid American Curtailment Program has 4.5%) to 30% (Georgia 

Power and Indiana Michigan Power Company).

Event Participation (%) 95% Range of PJM and MidAm programs (90%–95%).

CPP

Under a CPP program, customers receive a discount on their retail rates during non-critical peak 

periods in exchange for paying premium prices during critical peak events. The peak price, 

however, is determined in advance, providing customers with some degree of certainty about 

participation costs. 

The program follows the basic rate structure of a TOU tariff, where the rate has fixed prices for 

usage during different blocks of time (typically on-, off-, and mid-peak prices by season). During 

CPP events, the normal peak price under a TOU rate structure is replaced with a much higher 

price, generally set to reflect the utility’s avoided cost of supply during peak periods.

CPP rates only take effect for a limited number of times during the year. In times of emergency 

or high market prices, the utility can invoke a critical peak event, notifying customers that rates 

have become much higher than normal and encouraging customers to shed or shift load. Most 

CPP programs provide advanced notice in addition to event criteria (such as a threshold for 

forecasted weather temperatures) to help customers plan their operations. One attractive feature 

of the CPP program is the absence of a mandatory curtailment requirement.

A CPP rate offers a benefit over a standard TOU rate in that an extreme price signal can be sent 

to customers for a limited number of events. For several reasons, utilities have found typically 

greater demand reductions during these events than during TOU peak periods: 

 Customers under CPP rates often utilize automated controls, triggered by a signal from 

the utility.

 The higher CPP rate serves as an incentive for customers to shift load away during the 

CPP event period.

 The relative rarity of CPP events may encourage short-term behavioral changes, resulting 

in reduced consumption during the events.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 75

As the CPP rate only applies on select days, this raises a number of questions about when a 

utility can call an event, for how long, and how often. The rules governing utility dispatch of 

CPP events vary widely by utility and by program, with some utilities reserving the right to call 

an event at any time, while others must provide notice one day before the event. This analysis 

assumes approximately 10 four-hour events will be called during the summer and winter, for a 

total of 40 event hours.

Table 42 shows the estimated market potential by sector for winter and summer.

Table 42. CPP Technical and Achievable Technical Potential, MW in 2033

Sector

Winter Market 

Potential

Summer 

Market 

Potential

Percent of 

System Peak –

Winter*

Percent of 

System Peak –

Summer*

Residential 14 9 0.3% 0.2%

Commercial 3 3 0.1% 0.1%

Industrial 0.1 0.2 0.0% 0.0%

Total 17 13 0.4% 0.3%

 *System peak is based on PSE's average load in the top 20 hours and is calculated for each season.

Residential CPP

National studies have shown that 13% to 40%

21 of peak demand can be reduced for participating 

customers. Cadmus’ study assumes a 15-percent reduction, based on the California pricing pilot 

and PSE’s experience with the nonresidential curtailable load pilot. Five percent participation is 

consistent with the 2009 FERC study, with event participation estimated at 100%.

Figure 47 shows the market potential for the residential CPP program, based on an acquisition 

schedule that begins with a two-year pilot program in 2016, accounting for the time necessary to 

 

21 Charles River Associates (CRA), Impact Evaluation of the California Statewide Pricing Pilot, March 16, 2005. 

California Energy Commission (CEC), Statewide Pricing Pilot load reduction data for Zone 4 (desert and inland 

climate), provided in MS Excel by Pat McAuliffe, CEC staff, via e-mail November 3, 2006. 

Demand Response Research Center (DRRC), Ameren Critical Peak Pricing Pilot, Presentation by Rick Voytas, 

Manager of Corporate Analysis at Ameren Services, at the Demand Response Town Hall Meeting, Berkeley, 

CA, June 26, 2006. 

International Energy Agency, Demand-Side Management Programme, Task XI: Time of Use Pricing and 

Energy Use for Demand Management Delivery, Subtask 2: Time of Use Pricing for Demand Management 

Delivery, April 2005. 

Rocky Mountain Institute, Automated Demand Response System Pilot, Final Report Volume 1: Introduction 

and Executive Summary, March 2006. 

Summit Blue Consulting, Interim Report for the myPower Pricing Segment Evaluation, prepared for PSEG, 

December 27, 2006. 

University of California Energy Institute (UCEI), Dynamic Pricing, Advanced Metering and Demand Response 

in Electricity Markets, S. Borenstein et al., October 2002.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 76

create a new tariff and to put AMI infrastructure in place. This will likely be followed by two 

years of increased participation, reaching full participation in 2020.

Figure 47. Residential CPP Acquisition Schedule

The residential CPP program has a start-up cost of $400,000, as a new rate structure will be put 

in place. Additionally, the program will require installations of a smart thermostat and meter and 

ongoing communication, priced at $515 and $7 per participant, respectively. Marketing costs 

remain consistent with other program assumptions, and the program does not offer incentives 

due to its rate-based structure. Tables 39 and 40 show detailed assumptions of values and sources 

from which potential and levelized costs have been derived.

Table 43. Residential CPP Program Basics

Program Concept Assumptions

Customer Sectors Eligible All residential customers

End Uses Eligible for Program Total load of all end uses

Customer Size Requirements, if any N/A

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 77

Table 44. Residential CPP Inputs and Sources

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions

Annual Administrative Costs (%) 15% Assumes administrative adder of 15%

Technology Cost (per new participant) $515 Smart Thermostat: $200 installation and $315 for the meter, 

based on $150 for the installed cost of radio frequency devices 

(CEC 2004 report) plus an additional $150 to upgrade to AMI and 

$15/customer communication charge.

Marketing Cost (per new participant) $25 Marketing costs are based on one-half hour of staff time valued 

at $50/hour (fully-loaded). 

Incentives (annual costs per participant) N/A There are no customer incentives, but customers may have a 

lower bill than they would have on a standard rate. 

Communication Costs (per Customer Per Year) $7 This value accounts for annual per-customer communication of a 

one-way transmission system.

Overhead: First Costs $400,000 Standard program development assumption, including necessary 

internal labor, research, and IT/billing system changes.

Eligible Load (%) 100% All residential customers are eligible.

Technical Potential 15% An average statewide reduction of 27% was found for the 

California residential pilot CPP programs implemented in the 

summer (Charles River Associates, 2005) with an on-peak rate 

approximately 6 times the off-peak rate. PSE’s experience with a 

C&I pilot shows that winter events save about 50% less than 

summer events; therefore, event participation was reduced to 

15%. 

Program Participation (%) 5% Gulf Power reported 8,500 participants as of October 2006, out of 

350,000 residential customers (2.4%). (Sources: Jim Thompson 

presentation to PURC Energy Policy Roundtable, October 31, 

2006; and FERC Form 861 data, 2005.) Gulf Power expects to 

reach at least 10% penetration. (Source: Dynamic Pricing, 

Advanced Metering and Demand Response in Electricity Markets, 

Severin Borenstein, Michael Jaske, and Arthur Rosenfeld, 

October 2002.) 2009 FERC study reports a 5% maximum 

participation rate.

Event Participation (%) 100% Event participation is captured in the average load impact.

Nonresidential CPP

To develop potential estimates for PSE’s CPP program, Cadmus relied on data from several CPP 

programs currently implemented in California. These data indicate generally low participation 

rates for commercial customers, ranging from 0.1% to 3.5% in California. Therefore, Cadmus 

considers a 2% participation rate reasonable for PSE. Table 45 and Table 46 summarize details

for other program assumptions.

Figure 48 shows the estimated market potential for the nonresidential CPP program, based on an 

acquisition schedule that begins with a three-year pilot program in 2017, accounting for the time 

needed to create a new tariff and to put infrastructure in place. This will likely be followed by 

two years of increased participation, reaching full participation in 2022.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 78

Figure 48. Nonresidential CPP Acquisition Schedule

The nonresidential CPP program also will have a start-up cost of $400,000, as a new rate 

structure will be put in place. Additionally, the program will require the installation of metering 

and communication equipment (priced at $500) and ongoing communication costs of $7 per 

participant. Marketing costs are assumed to be $500 per new customer; the program does not 

offer incentives due to its rate-based structure. 

Table 45. Nonresidential CPP Program Basics

Program Concept Assumptions

Customer Sectors Eligible All nonresidential market segments

End Uses Eligible for Program Total load of all end uses

Customer Size Requirements, if any Nonresidential customers with monthly load 

greater than 100 kW

Winter Load Basis Top 20 hours

Summer Load Basis Top 20 hours
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 79

Table 46. Nonresidential CPP Inputs and Sources not Varying by Sector or Segment

Inputs Value Sources or Assumptions

Annual Administrative Costs (%) 15% Assumes administrative adder of 15%.

Technology Cost (per new participant) $500 Based on PSE's estimate.

Marketing Cost (per new participant) $500 Assumes 10 hours of effort by staff, valued at $50/hour. 

An additional hour per year is assumed for ongoing 

marketing and customer support.

Communication Costs (per customer per year) $7 This value accounts for annual per-customer 

communication of a one-way transmission system. 

Incentives (annual costs per participant) N/A There are no customer incentives, but customers may 

have a lower bill than they would have on a standard rate.

Overhead: First Costs $400,000 Standard program development assumption, including 

necessary internal labor, research, and IT/billing system 

changes.

Technical Potential as percent of Load Basis 5% In the 2010 CA Statewide Nonresidential CPP Evaluation, 

program impacts ranged from 2.8% to 5.26% of load for 

SCE, SDG&E and PG&E. In 2011, load impacts ranged 

by utility: PG&E averaged 5.9%, SCE averaged 5.7% and 

SDG&E averaged 5.8%.

Program Participation (%) 2% Opt-in CPP programs typically exhibit low participation 

rates. In 2005, California experienced 1.1% participation 

rate across the state, which accounted for a total of 2.9% 

of peak load being enrolled. Individual utility participation 

ranged from 3.5% for PG&E to 0.1% for SCE. PG&E’s onpeak energy rates during High-Price Periods and 

Moderate-Price Periods are five times and three times 

higher, respectively, than on-peak energy rates during 

non-event days. High-Price Periods and Moderate-Price 

Periods are about 9.3 times and 3.3 times higher, 

respectively, than on-peak rates during non-event.

Event Participation (%) 100% Event participation is captured in the average load impact.

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 81

5. DISTRIBUTED GENERATION

This study does not include estimations for distributed generation potentials. For detailed 

information regarding distributed generation potentials, see Cadmus’ 2008 report.22

Cadmus does, however, update the costs of the distributed generation resources for this study, 

thus impacting the supply curves for PSE’s 2013 IRP. Figure 49 illustrates the resulting 

supply curve.

Figure 49. 20-Year Achievable Supply Curve for Distributed Generation

The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for many of the DG technologies stayed constant or 

slightly decreased from the 2011 IRP to the 2013 IRP, as shown in Table 47.

 

22 http://www.pse.com/SiteCollectionDocuments/2009IRP/AppL1_IRP09.pdf

Industrial 

Biomass

Anaerobic 

Digestor

Gas Turbine

Hydro

Recip Engine Fuel Cell

Mictorurbine

Wind

$0

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

$700

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

$/MWh

Cumulative aMW
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 82

Table 47. A Comparison of the Levelized Cost of Energy Results from the 2011 IRP and 

2013 IRP

Category DG Technology

2011 

IRP 

LCOE 

($/kWh)

2013 

IRP 

LCOE 

($/kWh)

CHP - Renewable

Anaerobic Digesters $0.08 $0.08 

Industrial Biomass $0.03 $0.02 

CHP - Nonrenewable

Reciprocating 

Engine $0.13 $0.12 

Microturbine $0.19 $0.18 

Fuel Cell $0.21 $0.12 

Gas Turbine $0.14 $0.09 

Small Hydro Hydro $0.12 $0.11 

Small Wind Wind $1.33 $0.63 

Solar PV PV $0.56 $0.48 

There are four technologies where the LCOE decreased substantially: fuel cells, gas turbines, 

small wind, and solar PV. 

For the nonrenewable CHP systems, the change in the LCOE was influenced by changes to fuel 

cost assumptions, system cost assumptions and system performance assumptions. For the 2011 

IRP, the average fuel costs in year one were $13.65. For the 2013 IRP, the average fuel costs in 

year one were $5.88. An overview of the changes to the other assumptions is shown in Table 48. 

Table 48. A Comparison of the Non-Renewable CHP Assumptions for the 2011 IRP and 

the 2013 IRP

Installed Cost ($/kW) O&M Costs 

($/kW/yr) Capacity Factor Heat Rate 

(MMBTU/MWh)

2011 IRP 2013 IRP* 2011 IRP 2013 IRP 2011 IRP 2013 IRP 2011 IRP 2013 IRP

Recip Engine $2,300 $1,792 $79 $57 0.9 0.5 5 7.3

Micro Turbine $2,600 $2,546 $72 $54 0.9 0.5 7.5 12.3

Fuel Cell $5,900 $4,517 $15 $35 0.95 0.8 5.7 7.3

Gas Turbine $1,600 $1,746 $49 $57 0.9 0.8 6.6 8.3

*The installed cost for the 2013 IRP is after the federal rebate.

The federal rebate was taken into account in the 2013 IRP, which decreased the installed cost by 

10% for reciprocating engines, microturbines, and gas turbines, and by 30% for fuel cells. This 

was not included in the 2011 IRP. For all CHP systems except fuel cells and gas turbines, the 

LCOE remained the same or slightly decreased because updated assumptions about performance 

offset the cost differences. The capacity factors decreased (i.e. the systems were not operating 

for as many hours) and net heat rates increased (i.e. more fuel was used for the same electricity 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 83

output) compared to what was used in the 2011 IRP. The net result was that the LCOE remained 

relatively constant for these systems. 

For the fuel cells, however, the capacity factor remained approximately the same, the net heat 

rate increased, and the installed cost (after the federal rebate) decreased. As the federal rebate for 

fuel cells is higher than for the other technologies, the net overall impact was that the LCOE for 

the 2013 IRP decreased substantially relative to the 2011 IRP.

For gas turbines, the main driver in the decreased LCOE value was the decrease in fuel costs. On 

average, gas turbines are much larger systems than the other CHP systems and are online more 

hours of the year, therefore using more natural gas. As gas prices have decreased by over 50% 

from the 2011 IRP to the 2013 IRP, this had a large impact on the LCOE of gas turbines.

For small wind systems, the installed cost decreased from $9.00 per Watt for a 10 kW system in 

the 2011 IRP to $5.00 per Watt for a 10 kW system in the 2013 IRP. This drove down the LCOE 

value.

The cost of PV has decreased over the past few years. For the 2011 IRP we assumed a cost of 

$9.00 per Watt for both residential and commercial systems. For the 2013 IRP we assumed a cost 

of $7.45 per Watt for residential systems and $6.67 per Watt for commercial systems. This 

decrease in installed cost drove the reduction in the LCOE.

Figure 50 shows the cumulative potential available in each year of this study, by levelized cost 

bundle.

Figure 50. Annual Achievable Distributed Generation Potential by Levelized Cost Bundle

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

20142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

aMW

Up to $0.028 $0.070 to $0.085 $0.085 to $0.115

$0.115 to $0.130 $0.170 to $0.190 Over $0.190
Comprehensive 

Assessment of DemandSide Resource Potentials 

(2014–2033): Appendices

Volume II

FINAL REPORT

May 2013

Prepared for:

Puget Sound Energy

Prepared by:

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services

720 SW Washington Street, Suite 400

Portland, OR 97205

503.228.2992
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services 

Table of Contents: Volume II 

Appendix A: Methodological Consistency with the 6th Northwest Power Plan 

Appendix B: Technical Supplements: Energy Efficiency 

 B.1: Baseline Data 

B.2: Measure Descriptions 

B.3: Measure-Level Inputs and Potential 

B.4: Detailed Potential Results 

Appendix C: Technical Supplements: Fuel Conversion 

Appendix D: Conditional Demand Modeling 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services A-1

Appendix A. Methodological Consistency with the 6th 

Northwest Power Plan

To facilitate a comparison with the 6th Power Plan, the Council prepared an overview of the 

methodology used in developing the 6th Power Plan’s of conservation potential estimates.1This 

appendix compares the methodology used in PSE’s 2013 IRP to the benchmarks established by 

the Council.

Italics denote descriptions of methodologies used in this study.

Technical Resource Potential Assessment

The assessment reviewed a wide array of energy-efficiency technologies and practices across all 

sectors and major end uses.

The study considered measures from a variety of sources, including the 6th Plan, RTF, 

ENERGY STAR, and DEER. Appendix B.2 provides descriptions of all measures analyzed.

Methodology

 Technically feasibility savings = Number of applicable units * incremental 

savings/applicable unit

 “Applicable” units accounted for:

 Fuel saturations (e.g., electric vs. gas DHW).

Whenever possible, fuel saturations were based on data specific to PSE’s service 

territory. PSE’s 2010 Residential Energy Study (RES) and NEEA’s 2008 

Commercial Building Stock Assessment (CBSA) served as the primary sources of 

this information.

 Building characteristics (e.g., single-family vs. mobile homes, basement/nonbasement).

Data derived from RES, CBSA, and PSE billing information.

 System saturations (e.g., heat pump vs. zonal, central AC vs. window AC).

Whenever possible, system saturations were based on data specific to PSE’s 

service territory. PSE’s 2010 RES and NEEA’s 2008 CBSA served as the primary 

sources of this information.

 Current measure saturations.

Current saturations were incorporated into the applicability, based on 

information from the RES and CBSA, the 6th Plan, RTF, and the experience of 

PSE conservation staff.

 

1

http://www.nwcouncil.org/energy/powerplan/6/supplycurves/I937/CouncilMethodology_outline%20_2_.pdf
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services A-2

 New and existing units.

Existing and new units were calculated based on current and forecasted 

customers, respectively.

 Measure life (stock turnover cycle).

Measure decay rates were applied to lost opportunity measures, based on 

measure life. Discretionary measures were assumed to be reinstalled at the end of 

their useful life.

 Measure substitutions (e.g., duct sealing of homes with forced-air resistance furnaces

vs. conversion of homes to heat pumps with sealed ducts).

The measure share applicability factor accounted for competition between 

measures to avoid double-counting.

 “Incremental” savings/applicable unit accounted for:

 Expected kW and kWh savings, shaped by time-of-day, day of week and month 

of year.

Energy and demand savings were either based on deemed values or calculated as 

a percent reduction in baseline end-use consumption. Hourly impacts were

provided to PSE’s IRP model.

 Savings over baseline efficiency.

 Baseline set by codes/standards or current practices.

Baselines were set based on current codes, standards, or current practices. 

Standards passed but not yet implemented became the baseline at the time 

mandated in the new standard.

 Not always equivalent to savings over “current use” (e.g., new refrigerator

savings measured as “increment above current federal standards,” not the

refrigerator being replaced).

Savings from equipment upgrades were calculated based on the minimum 

standard efficiency level available at the time of burnout.

 Climate—heating, cooling degree days, and solar availability.

Savings were based on the typical climate in PSE’s service territory.

 Measure interactions (e.g., lighting and HVAC, duct sealing and heat pump

performance, heat pump conversion, and weatherization savings).

These interactive effects were treated as a reduction in measure savings (e.g.,

commercial lighting measures might save less due to increased heating 

requirements).

Economic Potential: Ranking Based on Resource Valuation

 The total resource cost (TRC) served as the criterion for economic screening, and 

included all cost and benefits of measures, regardless of the parties paying for or 

receiving them.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services A-3

 TRC B/C Ratio > = 1.0

Benefit-to-cost ratios were not calculated. Analysis used the levelized cost of 

conserved energy, as described below.

 Levelized cost of conserved energy (CCE) < levelized avoided cost for the load shape 

of the savings could substitute for TRC if “CCE” was adjusted to account for “nonkWh” benefits, including deferred T&D, non-energy benefits, environmental benefits,

and the Act’s 10% conservation credit.

Levelized costs, on a TRC basis, were calculated for each measure in comparison 

with the Integrated Resource Planning’s (IRP) supply-side resources. The 

levelized cost calculation incorporated deferred T&D (for electric resources), 

non-energy benefits, secondary fuel benefits, and the Act’s 10% conservation 

credit (for electric resources).

Methodology

As valuation of energy and capacity savings was conducted in PSE’s IRP model, it was not 

included as part of this study.

 The energy and capacity value (i.e., benefit) of savings was based on the avoided cost of 

future wholesale market purchases (forward price curves).

 The energy and capacity value accounted for the shape of savings (i.e., used time and 

seasonally differentiated avoided costs and measure savings).

 Uncertainties in future market prices were accounted for by performing the valuation 

under a wide range of future market price scenarios during the IRP process.

 Costs inputs (resource cost elements):

All costs listed below were included in the per-unit measure costs, where appropriate.

 Full incremental measure costs (material and labor).

 Applicable ongoing O&M expenses (plus or minus).

 Applicable periodic O&M expenses (plus or minus).

 Utility administrative costs (e.g., program planning, marketing, delivery, ongoing 

administration, evaluation).

 Benefit inputs (resource value elements):

All benefits listed below were assessed in calculating the levelized cost of conserved 

energy, where appropriate.

 Direct energy savings.

 Direct capacity savings.

 Avoided T&D losses.

 Deferral value of transmission and distribution system expansion (if applicable).

 Non-energy benefits (e.g., water savings).
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services A-4

 Environmental externalities.

 Discounted presented value inputs:

 Rate = After-tax average cost of capital weighted for project participants (real or 

nominal).

The analysis used PSE’s weighted average capital cost of 7.8%, nominal.

 Term = Project life; generally equivalent to life of resources added during the 

planning period.

Costs were levelized over each measure’s expected useful life. Any reinstallation 

costs over the 20-year planning period were similarly levelized.

 Money was discounted, not energy savings.

The IRP analysis used this method.

Achievable Potential

 Annual acquisition targets, established through the IRP process (i.e., portfolio modeling).

The results of the potentials assessment, bundled by levelized costs of conserved 

energy, were incorporated in the IRP model. Based on the value of savings, the IRP 

model selected the appropriate amount of conservation.

 Conservation competed against all other resource options in portfolio analysis:

 Conservation resource supply curves separated into:

 Discretionary (non-lost opportunity).

Defined as retrofit opportunities in existing facilities.

 Lost-opportunity.

Including equipment replacements in existing facilities and all new 

construction measures.

 Annual achievable potential, constrained by historic “ramp rates” for 

discretionary and lost-opportunity resources:

 The maximum ramp-up/ramp-down rate for discretionary was 3x the prior 

year for discretionary, with an upper limit of 85% over the 20-year planning 

period.

Analysis assumed 85% of discretionary resources could be acquired

within a 10-year timeframe.

 The ramp rate for a lost-opportunity was 15% in first year, growing to 85% by 

the 12th year.

Lost opportunity ramp rates varied by measure, and were based on the 

assumptions used in the 6th Plan.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services A-5

 Achievable potentials could vary by the type of measure, customer sector, and 

program design (e.g., measures subject to federal standards could have 100%

“achievable” potential).

While the analysis removed savings from known standards, it did not 

attempt to predict which savings would be acquired from future codes 

or standards.

 Revised technical, economic and achievable potential, based on changes in market 

conditions (e.g., revised codes or standards), program accomplishments, evaluations, and 

experience.

Changes taking effect after the finalization of the 2013 IRP will be reflected in the 

2015 IRP.

 All programs should incorporate Measurement and Verification (M&V) plans that, at 

a minimum, track administrative and measure costs and savings.

 The International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocols (IPMVP) 

should be used as a guide.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-1

Appendix B.1: Detailed Results

The following graphs show baseline electric and gas forecasts by sector and segment. The 

following tables show assumptions of gas and electric equipment, fuel shares, annual per unit 

energy consumption for residential end uses, and annual per square foot energy consumption for 

commercial end uses. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-2

Figure B.1.1. Residential Electric Baseline Forecast 2013-2033

Figure B.1.2. Commercial Electric Baseline Forecast 2013-2033

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

MWh

Year

Single Family Multifamily Manufactured

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

MWh

Year

Office Other Dry Goods Retail Hospital School

Grocery Restaurant Warehouse Hotel Motel University
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-3

Figure B.1.3. Industrial Electric Baseline Forecast 2013-2033

Figure B.1.4. Residential Gas Baseline Forecast

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000 MWh

Year

Water Miscellaneous Mfg Wastewater

Industrial Machinery Food Mfg Transportation Equipment Mfg

Fabricated Metal Products Computer Electronic Mfg Printing Related Support

Wood Product Mfg Nonmetallic Mineral Products Plastics Rubber Products

Chemical Mfg Electrical Equipment Mfg Paper Mfg

Primary Metal Mfg Petroleum Coal Products

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030203120322033

Thousand Therms

Year

Single Family Multifamily Manufactured
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-4

Figure B.1.5. Commercial Gas Baseline Forecast 2013-2033

Figure B.1.6. Industrial Gas Baseline Forecast 2013-2033

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

Thousand Therms

Year

Office Other Dry Goods Retail Hospital School

Grocery Restaurant Warehouse Hotel Motel University

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

Thousand Therms

Year

Water Miscellaneous Mfg Wastewater

Industrial Machinery Food Mfg Transportation Equipment Mfg

Fabricated Metal Products Computer Electronic Mfg Printing Related Support

Wood Product Mfg Nonmetallic Mineral Products Plastics Rubber Products

Chemical Mfg Electrical Equipment Mfg Paper Mfg

Primary Metal Mfg Petroleum Coal Products
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-5

Table B.1.1 Residential Electric Saturations, Fuel Shares, and UECs

Segment End Use Saturation

Electric 

Fuel 

Share

Weighted 

Average 

UEC 

Existing

Weighted 

Average 

UEC New

Manufactured Computer 0.90 100% 193 184

Manufactured Cooking Oven 0.71 88% 157 157

Manufactured Cooking Range 0.67 88% 128 128

Manufactured Cool Central 0.28 100% 399 332

Manufactured Cool Room 0.18 100% 146 136

Manufactured Copier 0.00 100% 84 88

Manufactured Dehumidifier 0.01 100% 711 685

Manufactured Dryer 0.93 94% 727 709

Manufactured DVD 1.46 100% 22 21

Manufactured Freezer 0.54 100% 345 345

Manufactured Heat Central 0.66 73% 8,204 3,669

Manufactured Heat Pump 0.17 100% 4,128 1,955

Manufactured Heat Room 0.05 100% 6,796 3,229

Manufactured Home Audio System 0.92 100% 103 96

Manufactured Lighting Exterior 2.73 100% 81 81

Manufactured Lighting Interior Specialty 3.43 100% 13 13

Manufactured Lighting Interior Standard 19.44 100% 22 22

Manufactured Microwave 0.52 100% 148 148

Manufactured Monitor 0.72 100% 56 60

Manufactured Multifunction Device 0.98 100% 16 11

Manufactured Other 1.00 100% 0 0

Manufactured Plug Load Other 1.00 100% 0 0

Manufactured Printer 0.00 100% 71 62

Manufactured Refrigerator 1.24 100% 391 391

Manufactured Set Top Box 1.33 100% 187 185

Manufactured TV 1.69 100% 195 187

Manufactured TV Bigscreen 0.56 100% 0 0

Manufactured Ventilation And Circulation 0.66 100% 588 145

Manufactured Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 88% 3,245 2,875

Manufactured Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 88% 3,206 2,770

Multifamily Computer 0.90 100% 193 184

Multifamily Cooking Oven 0.80 84% 157 157

Multifamily Cooking Range 0.76 81% 128 128

Multifamily Cool Central 0.14 100% 267 281

Multifamily Cool Room 0.10 100% 93 105

Multifamily Copier 0.05 100% 84 88
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-6

Multifamily Dehumidifier 0.02 100% 711 685

Multifamily Dryer 0.81 96% 889 867

Multifamily DVD 1.25 100% 22 21

Multifamily Freezer 0.15 100% 345 345

Multifamily Heat Central 0.47 22% 6,607 2,303

Multifamily Heat Pump 0.01 100% 2,900 1,208

Multifamily Heat Room 0.63 100% 4,683 1,771

Multifamily Home Audio System 0.80 100% 103 96

Multifamily Lighting Exterior 2.25 100% 81 81

Multifamily Lighting Interior Specialty 2.83 100% 9 9

Multifamily Lighting Interior Standard 16.02 100% 20 20

Multifamily Microwave 0.69 100% 148 148

Multifamily Monitor 1.05 100% 56 60

Multifamily Multifunction Device 0.89 100% 16 11

Multifamily Other 1.00 100% 0 0

Multifamily Plug Load Other 1.00 100% 0 0

Multifamily Printer 0.00 100% 71 62

Multifamily Refrigerator 1.09 100% 391 391

Multifamily Set Top Box 1.01 100% 187 185

Multifamily TV 1.35 100% 195 187

Multifamily TV Bigscreen 0.58 100% 0 0

Multifamily Ventilation And Circulation 0.47 100% 460 117

Multifamily Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 73% 1,921 1,743

Multifamily Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.91 73% 1,897 1,679

Single Family Computer 1.21 100% 193 184

Single Family Cooking Oven 0.98 81% 157 157

Single Family Cooking Range 0.85 63% 128 128

Single Family Cool Central 0.32 100% 648 569

Single Family Cool Room 0.08 100% 237 228

Single Family Copier 0.10 100% 84 88

Single Family Dehumidifier 0.03 100% 711 685

Single Family Dryer 0.98 86% 975 951

Single Family DVD 1.65 100% 22 21

Single Family Freezer 0.56 100% 345 345

Single Family Heat Central 0.74 7% 14,344 4,877

Single Family Heat Pump 0.05 100% 6,744 2,346

Single Family Heat Room 0.07 100% 9,293 3,160

Single Family Home Audio System 1.08 100% 103 96

Single Family Lighting Exterior 4.95 100% 81 81

Single Family Lighting Interior Specialty 6.21 100% 20 20

Single Family Lighting Interior Standard 35.22 100% 24 24
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-7

Single Family Microwave 0.83 100% 148 148

Single Family Monitor 1.30 100% 56 60

Single Family Multifunction Device 1.21 100% 16 11

Single Family Other 1.00 100% 0 0

Single Family Plug Load Other 1.00 100% 0 0

Single Family Pool Pump 0.03 100% 1,457 1,457

Single Family Printer 0.00 100% 71 62

Single Family Refrigerator 1.46 100% 391 391

Single Family Set Top Box 1.51 100% 187 185

Single Family TV 1.90 100% 195 187

Single Family TV Bigscreen 0.87 100% 0 0

Single Family Ventilation And Circulation 0.74 100% 1,073 403

Single Family Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 34% 3,356 2,980

Single Family Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.97 34% 3,315 2,871

Table B.1.2 Residential Natural Gas Saturations, Fuel Shares and UECs

Vintage Segment End Use Saturation

Natural 

Gas 

Fuel 

Share

Weighted 

Average 

UEC -

Existing

Weighted 

Average 

UEC -

New

Existing Manufactured Cooking Oven 0.71 16% 23 23

Existing Manufactured Cooking Range 0.67 7% 27 27

Existing Manufactured Dryer 0.93 6% 28 27

Existing Manufactured Heat Central Boiler 0.00 100% 421 185

Existing Manufactured

Heat Central 

Furnace 0.88 20% 421 187

Existing Manufactured Other 1.00 100% 0 0

Existing Manufactured

Water Heat GT 55 

Gal 0.08 7% 216 173

Existing Manufactured

Water Heat LE 55 

Gal 0.92 7% 199 159

Existing Multifamily Cooking Oven 0.80 8% 23 23

Existing Multifamily Cooking Range 0.80 19% 27 27

Existing Multifamily Dryer 0.81 4% 34 33

Existing Multifamily Heat Central Boiler 0.01 100% 663 228

Existing Multifamily

Heat Central 

Furnace 0.57 77% 365 126

Existing Multifamily Other 1.00 100% 0 0

Existing Multifamily

Water Heat GT 55 

Gal 0.08 27% 185 161

Existing Multifamily

Water Heat LE 55 

Gal 0.91 27% 170 148
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-8

Existing Single Family Cooking Oven 0.98 17% 23 23

Existing Single Family Cooking Range 0.85 33% 27 27

Existing Single Family Dryer 0.98 14% 37 36

Existing Single Family Heat Central Boiler 0.02 100% 919 261

Existing Single Family

Heat Central 

Furnace 0.88 90% 690 197

Existing Single Family Other 1.00 100% 0 0

Existing Single Family Pool Heat 0.03 32% 258 258

Existing Single Family

Water Heat GT 55 

Gal 0.08 61% 330 264

Existing Single Family

Water Heat LE 55 

Gal 0.97 61% 303 243

Table B.1.3. Commercial Electric Saturations, Fuel Shares, and EUIs

Vintage Segment End Use Saturation

Electric 

Fuel 

Share

Weighted 

Average 

EUI -

Existing

Weighted 

Average 

EUI -

New

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Computers 1.00 100% 0.08 0.08

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Cooling DX 0.48 100% 1.85 0.92

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Fax 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Freezer 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Heat Pump 0.10 100% 2.85 1.41

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 1.09 1.09

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 4.75 0.00

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 0.84 0.00

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.23 6.10

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 1.62 0.00

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 0.64 0.64

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Printers 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-9

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Space Heat 0.78 24% 1.98 0.44

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Vending Machines 1.00 100% 0.07 0.07

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.88 100% 2.66 2.17

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 68% 0.28 0.28

Existing

Dry Goods 

Retail Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 68% 0.27 0.27

Existing Grocery Computers 1.00 100% 0.05 0.05

Existing Grocery Cooking 1.00 56% 2.66 2.66

Existing Grocery Cooling DX 0.59 100% 1.71 1.44

Existing Grocery Fax 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing Grocery Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Grocery Freezer 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Grocery Heat Pump 0.13 100% 4.55 1.65

Existing Grocery Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 1.05 1.05

Existing Grocery

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 7.04 0.00

Existing Grocery Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 1.01 0.00

Existing Grocery Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.16 7.43

Existing Grocery

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 1.12 0.00

Existing Grocery Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Grocery Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 0.99 0.99

Existing Grocery Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.08 0.08

Existing Grocery Printers 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Grocery Refrigeration 1.00 100% 20.12 20.12

Existing Grocery Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.05 0.05

Existing Grocery Space Heat 0.73 11% 2.14 0.19

Existing Grocery Vending Machines 1.00 100% 0.19 0.19

Existing Grocery

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.87 100% 2.14 2.56

Existing Grocery Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 32% 0.30 0.30

Existing Grocery Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 32% 0.28 0.30

Existing Hospital Computers 1.00 100% 0.35 0.35

Existing Hospital Cooking 1.00 32% 0.54 0.54

Existing Hospital Cooling Chillers 0.23 100% 1.55 0.42

Existing Hospital Cooling DX 0.49 100% 1.89 0.49

Existing Hospital Fax 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Hospital Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.08 0.08

Existing Hospital Freezer 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Hospital Heat Pump 0.07 100% 3.62 1.54
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-10

Existing Hospital Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 0.58 0.58

Existing Hospital

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 4.93 0.00

Existing Hospital Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 0.11 0.00

Existing Hospital Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.27 4.72

Existing Hospital

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 1.86 0.00

Existing Hospital Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Hospital Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 3.53 3.53

Existing Hospital Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing Hospital Printers 1.00 100% 0.03 0.03

Existing Hospital Refrigeration 1.00 100% 0.44 0.44

Existing Hospital Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.11 0.11

Existing Hospital Servers 1.00 100% 0.06 0.06

Existing Hospital Space Heat 0.87 48% 1.26 0.69

Existing Hospital Vending Machines 1.00 100% 0.05 0.05

Existing Hospital

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.93 100% 5.37 4.19

Existing Hospital Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 48% 1.41 1.39

Existing Hospital Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 48% 1.32 1.37

Existing Hotel Motel Computers 1.00 100% 0.08 0.08

Existing Hotel Motel Cooking 1.00 8% 0.65 0.65

Existing Hotel Motel Cooling Chillers 0.27 100% 1.36 0.46

Existing Hotel Motel Cooling DX 0.16 100% 1.68 0.53

Existing Hotel Motel Fax 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Hotel Motel Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing Hotel Motel Freezer 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing Hotel Motel Heat Pump 0.27 100% 3.80 1.94

Existing Hotel Motel Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 0.66 0.66

Existing Hotel Motel

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 1.06 0.00

Existing Hotel Motel Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 0.04 0.00

Existing Hotel Motel Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.03 2.55

Existing Hotel Motel

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 3.51 0.00

Existing Hotel Motel Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Hotel Motel Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 0.78 0.78

Existing Hotel Motel Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Hotel Motel Printers 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Hotel Motel Refrigeration 1.00 #N/A 0.19 0.19

Existing Hotel Motel Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.20 0.20

Existing Hotel Motel Space Heat 0.57 53% 4.02 2.56

Existing Hotel Motel Vending Machines 1.00 100% 0.09 0.09
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-11

Existing Hotel Motel

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.90 100% 3.25 2.02

Existing Hotel Motel Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 39% 1.74 1.75

Existing Hotel Motel Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 39% 1.64 1.72

Existing Office Computers 1.00 100% 0.63 0.63

Existing Office Cooling Chillers 0.23 100% 1.62 0.62

Existing Office Cooling DX 0.39 100% 1.53 0.54

Existing Office Fax 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Office Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.14 0.14

Existing Office Freezer 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Office Heat Pump 0.28 100% 3.00 1.30

Existing Office Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 0.51 0.51

Existing Office

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 3.09 0.00

Existing Office Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 0.12 0.00

Existing Office Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.03 2.74

Existing Office

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 0.49 0.00

Existing Office Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Office Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 0.38 0.38

Existing Office Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing Office Printers 1.00 100% 0.05 0.05

Existing Office Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.04 0.04

Existing Office Servers 1.00 100% 0.10 0.10

Existing Office Space Heat 0.56 61% 3.21 0.66

Existing Office Vending Machines 1.00 100% 0.09 0.09

Existing Office

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.85 100% 1.53 1.29

Existing Office Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 82% 0.47 0.47

Existing Office Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 82% 0.44 0.46

Existing Other Computers 1.00 100% 0.16 0.16

Existing Other Cooking 1.00 53% 0.39 0.39

Existing Other Cooling Chillers 0.07 100% 1.48 0.70

Existing Other Cooling DX 0.29 100% 1.85 0.82

Existing Other Fax 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing Other Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.04 0.04

Existing Other Freezer 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Other Heat Pump 0.09 100% 3.02 1.38

Existing Other Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 1.23 1.23

Existing Other

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 2.53 0.00

Existing Other Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 0.89 0.00

Existing Other Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.09 3.43
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-12

Existing Other

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 0.76 0.00

Existing Other Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Other Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 0.58 0.58

Existing Other Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.05 0.05

Existing Other Printers 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing Other Refrigeration 1.00 100% 0.12 0.12

Existing Other Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.05 0.05

Existing Other Servers 1.00 100% 0.53 0.53

Existing Other Space Heat 0.73 44% 2.63 0.56

Existing Other Vending Machines 1.00 100% 0.08 0.08

Existing Other

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.83 100% 2.13 1.76

Existing Other Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 60% 0.38 0.38

Existing Other Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 60% 0.36 0.37

Existing Restaurant Computers 1.00 100% 0.13 0.13

Existing Restaurant Cooking 1.00 18% 8.88 8.88

Existing Restaurant Cooling DX 0.51 100% 3.88 1.45

Existing Restaurant Fax 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing Restaurant Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.03 0.03

Existing Restaurant Freezer 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Restaurant Heat Pump 0.14 100% 4.47 1.76

Existing Restaurant Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 2.22 2.22

Existing Restaurant

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 3.24 0.00

Existing Restaurant Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 0.23 0.00

Existing Restaurant Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.29 5.44

Existing Restaurant

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 4.38 0.00

Existing Restaurant Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Restaurant Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 1.20 1.20

Existing Restaurant Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.07 0.07

Existing Restaurant Printers 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Restaurant Refrigeration 1.00 100% 5.02 5.02

Existing Restaurant Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.04 0.04

Existing Restaurant Space Heat 0.76 12% 1.28 0.29

Existing Restaurant

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.89 100% 3.36 2.68

Existing Restaurant Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 38% 8.31 8.16

Existing Restaurant Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 38% 7.82 8.02

Existing School Computers 1.00 100% 0.51 0.51

Existing School Cooking 1.00 55% 0.22 0.22

Existing School Cooling Chillers 0.25 100% 0.30 0.16

Existing School Cooling DX 0.21 100% 0.34 0.16
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-13

Existing School Fax 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing School Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.12 0.12

Existing School Freezer 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing School Heat Pump 0.25 100% 2.69 1.16

Existing School Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 0.76 0.76

Existing School

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 2.77 0.00

Existing School Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 0.29 0.00

Existing School Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.01 2.56

Existing School

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 0.15 0.00

Existing School Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing School Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing School Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.05 0.05

Existing School Printers 1.00 100% 0.04 0.04

Existing School Refrigeration 1.00 100% 0.41 0.41

Existing School Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.04 0.04

Existing School Servers 1.00 100% 0.03 0.03

Existing School Space Heat 0.74 9% 5.66 1.83

Existing School Vending Machines 1.00 100% 0.08 0.08

Existing School

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.99 100% 1.32 0.89

Existing School Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 34% 1.50 1.44

Existing School Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 34% 1.41 1.41

Existing University Computers 1.00 100% 0.50 0.50

Existing University Cooking 1.00 55% 0.42 0.42

Existing University Cooling Chillers 0.04 100% 0.30 0.16

Existing University Cooling DX 0.05 100% 0.34 0.16

Existing University Fax 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing University Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.12 0.12

Existing University Freezer 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing University Heat Pump 0.01 100% 2.68 1.15

Existing University Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 0.76 0.76

Existing University

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 5.21 0.00

Existing University Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 0.46 0.00

Existing University Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.07 6.39

Existing University

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 1.95 0.00

Existing University Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing University Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing University Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.05 0.05

Existing University Printers 1.00 100% 0.04 0.04

Existing University Refrigeration 1.00 100% 0.41 0.41
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-14

Existing University Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.04 0.04

Existing University Servers 1.00 100% 0.03 0.03

Existing University Space Heat 0.95 9% 5.65 1.83

Existing University Vending Machines 1.00 100% 0.08 0.08

Existing University

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.96 100% 1.32 0.89

Existing University Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 34% 1.50 1.44

Existing University Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 34% 1.41 1.41

Existing Warehouse Computers 1.00 100% 0.10 0.10

Existing Warehouse Cooling Chillers 0.04 100% 0.15 0.20

Existing Warehouse Cooling DX 0.14 100% 0.19 0.23

Existing Warehouse Fax 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Warehouse Flat Screen Monitors 1.00 100% 0.02 0.02

Existing Warehouse Freezer 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Warehouse Heat Pump 0.06 100% 0.73 0.53

Existing Warehouse Lighting Exterior 1.00 100% 0.28 0.28

Existing Warehouse

Lighting Interior 

Fluorescent 1.00 100% 1.10 0.00

Existing Warehouse Lighting Interior HID 1.00 100% 0.95 0.00

Existing Warehouse Lighting Interior Other 1.00 100% 0.01 1.72

Existing Warehouse

Lighting Interior Screw 

Base 1.00 100% 0.52 0.00

Existing Warehouse Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Warehouse Other Plug Load 1.00 100% 0.26 0.26

Existing Warehouse Photo Copiers 1.00 100% 0.03 0.03

Existing Warehouse Printers 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Warehouse Refrigerator 1.00 100% 0.01 0.01

Existing Warehouse Space Heat 0.48 26% 0.00 0.00

Existing Warehouse Vending Machines 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Warehouse

Ventilation and 

Circulation 0.52 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Warehouse Water Heat GT 55 Gal 1.00 82% 0.00 0.00

Existing Warehouse Water Heat LE 55 Gal 1.00 82% 0.00 0.00

Table B.1.4. Commercial Natural Gas Saturations, Fuel Shares, and EUIs

Vintage Segment End Use Saturation

Natural 

Gas Fuel 

Share

Weighted 

Average 

EUI -

Existing

Weighted 

Average 

EUI - New

Existing Dry Goods Retail Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Dry Goods Retail Space Heat Boiler 0.09 100% 0.07 0.04
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-15

Existing Dry Goods Retail Space Heat Furnace 0.83 81% 0.10 0.06

Existing Dry Goods Retail Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 40% 0.03 0.03

Existing Dry Goods Retail Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 40% 0.03 0.03

Existing Grocery Cooking 1.00 54% 0.19 0.19

Existing Grocery Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Grocery Space Heat Boiler 0.01 100% 0.23 0.05

Existing Grocery Space Heat Furnace 0.96 88% 0.34 0.07

Existing Grocery Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 80% 0.15 0.15

Existing Grocery Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 80% 0.13 0.14

Existing Hospital Cooking 1.00 67% 0.04 0.04

Existing Hospital Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Hospital Space Heat Boiler 0.35 85% 0.32 0.30

Existing Hospital Space Heat Furnace 0.56 78% 0.47 0.46

Existing Hospital Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 64% 0.48 0.50

Existing Hospital Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 64% 0.44 0.45

Existing Hotel Motel Cooking 1.00 98% 0.08 0.08

Existing Hotel Motel Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Hotel Motel Pool Heat 1.00 44% 0.11 0.11

Existing Hotel Motel Space Heat Boiler 0.57 69% 0.16 0.12

Existing Hotel Motel Space Heat Furnace 0.31 44% 0.24 0.18

Existing Hotel Motel Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 77% 0.37 0.38

Existing Hotel Motel Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 77% 0.33 0.34

Existing Office Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Office Space Heat Boiler 0.28 66% 0.21 0.10

Existing Office Space Heat Furnace 0.57 41% 0.31 0.16

Existing Office Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 34% 0.04 0.04

Existing Office Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 34% 0.04 0.04

Existing Other Cooking 1.00 49% 0.04 0.04

Existing Other Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Other Pool Heat 1.00 13% 0.16 0.16

Existing Other Space Heat Boiler 0.25 100% 0.14 0.07

Existing Other Space Heat Furnace 0.68 73% 0.21 0.11

Existing Other Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 58% 0.04 0.04

Existing Other Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 58% 0.03 0.03

Existing Restaurant Cooking 1.00 82% 1.52 1.52

Existing Restaurant Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Restaurant Space Heat Boiler 0.00 100% 0.04 0.03

Existing Restaurant Space Heat Furnace 0.92 96% 0.06 0.04

Existing Restaurant Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 67% 0.48 0.50

Existing Restaurant Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 67% 0.43 0.44

Existing School Cooking 1.00 46% 0.02 0.02
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-16

Existing School Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing School Pool Heat 1.00 13% 0.16 0.16

Existing School Space Heat Boiler 0.75 98% 0.11 0.09

Existing School Space Heat Furnace 0.23 83% 0.17 0.14

Existing School Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 79% 0.07 0.07

Existing School Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 79% 0.06 0.06

Existing University Cooking 1.00 46% 0.05 0.05

Existing University Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing University Pool Heat 1.00 13% 0.15 0.15

Existing University Space Heat Boiler 0.75 98% 0.22 0.19

Existing University Space Heat Furnace 0.23 83% 0.33 0.28

Existing University Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 79% 0.11 0.12

Existing University Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 79% 0.10 0.11

Existing Warehouse Other 1.00 100% 0.00 0.00

Existing Warehouse Space Heat Boiler 0.01 100% 0.08 0.04

Existing Warehouse Space Heat Furnace 0.65 84% 0.12 0.07

Existing Warehouse Water Heat GT 55 Gal 0.08 20% 0.02 0.02

Existing Warehouse Water Heat LE 55 Gal 0.92 20% 0.02 0.02
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.1-17

Table B.1.5. Industrial Electric End Use Percents by Segment

End Use

Chemical 

Mfg

Computer 

Electronic 

Mfg

Electrical 

Equipment 

Mfg

Fabricated 

Metal 

Products

Food 

Mfg

Industrial 

Machinery

Misc. 

Mfg

Nonmetallic 

Mineral 

Products

Paper 

Mfg

Petroleum 

Coal 

Products

Plastics 

Rubber 

Products

Primary 

Metal 

Mfg

Printing 

Related 

Support

Transport. 

Equipment 

Mfg

Wastewater Water

Wood 

Product 

Mfg

Fans 7% 4% 5% 7% 3% 6% 5% 8% 15% 12% 7% 4% 7% 4% 0% 10% 10%

HVAC 7% 28% 15% 10% 8% 23% 25% 6% 5% 3% 11% 3% 19% 19% 0% 0% 5%

Indirect 

Boiler

2% 1% 0% 0% 2% 0% 2% 0% 4% 1% 1% 0% 1% 1% 0% 0% 1%

Lighting 4% 12% 12% 9% 7% 15% 17% 5% 4% 2% 9% 3% 12% 15% 2% 2% 7%

Motors 

Other

16% 8% 10% 19% 17% 18% 20% 22% 30% 34% 20% 18% 20% 10% 0% 10% 29%

Other 3% 8% 4% 3% 4% 4% 6% 3% 2% 1% 4% 1% 6% 5% 14% 14% 4%

Process 

Aircomp

17% 1% 11% 8% 3% 7% 5% 9% 4% 14% 8% 4% 8% 10% 66% 0% 12%

Process 

Cool

9% 11% 5% 4% 27% 3% 6% 3% 2% 6% 9% 1% 6% 6% 0% 0% 1%

Process 

Electro 

Chemical

10% 1% 0% 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 0% 32% 0% 1% 0% 0% 1%

Process 

Heat

5% 11% 23% 20% 6% 7% 10% 22% 3% 0% 16% 29% 3% 13% 0% 0% 7%

Process 

Other

1% 8% 3% 3% 1% 2% 1% 3% 1% 0% 0% 1% 0% 3% 0% 0% 0%

Process 

Refrig

5% 1% 3% 3% 13% 3% 0% 4% 4% 6% 3% 0% 4% 3% 0% 0% 5%

Pumps 16% 7% 10% 12% 7% 11% 3% 14% 24% 21% 13% 3% 13% 10% 18% 64% 18%

Table B.1.6. Industrial Natural Gas End Use Percents by Segment

End 

Use

Chemical 

Mfg

Computer 

Electronic 

Mfg

Electrical 

Equipment 

Mfg

Fabricated 

Metal 

Products

Food 

Mfg

Industrial 

Machinery

Misc.

Mfg

Nonmetallic 

Mineral 

Products

Paper 

Mfg

Petroleum 

Coal 

Products

Plastics 

Rubber 

Products

Primary 

Metal 

Mfg

Printing 

Related 

Support

Transport. 

Equipment 

Mfg

Wastewater Water

Wood 

Product 

Mfg

HVAC 2% 40% 21% 15% 5% 40% 55% 4% 3% 1% 20% 6% 17% 41% 0% 0% 8%

Indirect 

Boiler

60% 47% 18% 16% 58% 27% 18% 5% 62% 34% 47% 9% 12% 20% 0% 0% 30%

Other 1% 3% 2% 2% 0% 1% 0% 2% 3% 0% 3% 11% 8% 0% 100% 100% 0%

Process 

Heat

28% 7% 57% 67% 34% 32% 23% 87% 28% 61% 26% 71% 62% 36% 0% 0% 58%

Process 

Other

9% 2% 3% 0% 4% 0% 5% 2% 4% 5% 5% 3% 0% 2% 0% 0% 4%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services

Appendix B.2: Measure Descriptions

This section contains a brief description of each measure used in the energy-efficiency potential.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services

Appendix B.2: Measure Descriptions

1. Residential Electric Retrofit Measure Descriptions ..................................1

Heating and Cooling........................................................................................................1

Lighting............................................................................................................................4

Water Heat ......................................................................................................................4

Appliances.......................................................................................................................5

Plug Load........................................................................................................................5

Other (Pool).....................................................................................................................6

2. Residential Electric Equipment Measure Descriptions ............................7

Heating and Cooling........................................................................................................7

Lighting............................................................................................................................8

Water Heat ......................................................................................................................8

Appliances.......................................................................................................................8

Plug Load........................................................................................................................9

Other (Pool)...................................................................................................................10

3. Residential Gas Retrofit Measure Descriptions...................................... 11

Heating..........................................................................................................................11

Water Heat ....................................................................................................................13

4. Residential Gas Equip Measure Descriptions ........................................ 15

Heating..........................................................................................................................15

Water Heat ....................................................................................................................15

Appliances.....................................................................................................................16

Other (Pool)...................................................................................................................16

5. Commercial Electric Retrofit Measure Descriptions.............................. 17

HVAC (and Envelope) ...................................................................................................17

Lighting..........................................................................................................................21

Water Heat ....................................................................................................................22

Refrigeration..................................................................................................................24

Other.............................................................................................................................26

6. Commercial Electric Equipment Measure Descriptions ........................ 30

HVAC ............................................................................................................................30

Water Heating ...............................................................................................................31

Other.............................................................................................................................31

7. Commercial Gas Retrofit Measure Descriptions .................................... 32

HVAC (and Envelope) ...................................................................................................32

Water Heat ....................................................................................................................34

Other.............................................................................................................................36
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services

8. Commercial Gas Equipment Measure Descriptions .............................. 37

HVAC ............................................................................................................................37

Water Heat ....................................................................................................................37

9. Industrial Electric Measure Descriptions ................................................ 38

10. Industrial Gas Measure Descriptions ...................................................... 40
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-1

1. Residential Electric Retrofit Measure Descriptions

Heating and Cooling

Air-to-Air Heat Exchanger. This measure mechanically ventilates homes in cold climates. 

During the winter, it transfers heat from the air being exhausted to outside air entering the home. 

Between 50 and 80 percent of the heat normally lost in exhausted air is returned to the house. 

Air-to-air heat exchangers can be installed as part of a central heating and cooling system or in 

walls or windows. Wall- and window-mounted units resemble air conditioners and ventilate one 

room or area.

1

Canned Lighting Air-Tight Sealing. Proper sealing around recessed lighting fixtures prevents 

unwanted heat loss through these air spaces due to air pressure differentials in conditioned and 

unconditioned spaces in homes. The baseline is no sealing around lighting fixtures.

Ceiling Fan. ENERGY STAR®-qualified ceiling fans have improved motor and blade designs

that allow the user to increase the thermostat set point by a few degrees, which decreases the AC 

cooling runtime yet still feels at least 5° cooler. The fans do not create cooler temperatures. This 

measure does not include light fixtures; all savings are associated with installing an ENERGY 

STAR®ceiling fan where no prior fan was present. 

Ceiling Insulation. This measure represents an increase in R-value. Added ceiling insulation 

increases the building’s thermal performance and brings the resistance value up to and past code, 

depending on the building vintage. Table B-2.1 summarizes the different resistance values 

compared in the measure.

Table B-2.1. Ceiling R-Value Comparison

Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation

R-49 R-0

R-49 R-10

R-60 R-49

Check Me! O&M Tune-up. Performing a system tune-up and regular maintenance ensures that 

the refrigerant charge and airflow through the evaporator coil (two factors that affect system 

efficiency) are properly tested and correctly adjusted. Maintenance includes changing filters and 

cleaning the coils to maintain the overall performance and efficiency of the unit.

Construction, ICF. Building a concrete home with insulating concrete forms (ICFs) saves

energy. Greater insulation, tighter construction, and the temperature-moderating mass of the 

walls conserve heating and cooling energy much better than conventional wood-frame walls.

Construction, SIP. A structural insulated panel (SIP) uses continuous foam insulation 

throughout the panel, which provides excellent energy efficiency and low levels of air 

infiltration. The baseline is standard wood framing.

 

1

http://cipco.apogee.net/res/reevhex.asp
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-2

Cool Roofs. ENERGY STAR®-qualified cool roofs have reflective coating and can decrease roof 

surface temperatures by up to 100o F, thereby decreasing the amount of heat transferred into a 

building. Cool roofs can reduce the amount of air conditioning needed in buildings and can 

reduce peak cooling demand by 10 percent to 15 percent.

2

This could be considered a passive 

measure.

Dehumidifier, Whole House. A high capacity whole house dehumidifier can stand alone in a 

basement or be ducted into an existing central air conditioning system. These units remove 

moisture content from the air and prevent mold, mildew, and damp conditions.

Doors. Composite or steel doors with a foam core increase overall insulation, slowing heat loss. 

This measure includes adding a thermal door with a resistance value of R-5 or R-11 to houses 

without a thermal or storm door (R-2.5).

Doors, Weatherization. Mounting weather stripping to the bottom of an exterior door minimizes

infiltration door sweep. This type of weatherization consists of an extruded aluminum strip 

holding a flexible vinyl strip that blocks the air space between the door frame and the door. The 

baseline for this measure is no weather stripping.

Duct Fittings, Leak-Proof. The majority of duct leakage in residential HVAC systems is due to 

improperly sealed connections between ductwork and fittings. Even when duct connections are 

initially well-sealed, leakage may increase over time. 

Duct Insulation Upgrade. The addition of insulation around ducts in a heating system reduces 

heat loss to unconditioned spaces. This measure improves existing duct insulation from R-4 to 

R-8.

Duct Location. Locating ducts in conditioned spaces reduces wasted heat loss.3 Many homes

have ducts that run through unconditioned areas (such as attics, garages, crawlspaces, and 

basements) for convenience and practical reasons. Ducts in unconditioned areas lose energy 

because of the temperature difference between conditioned air in the ducts and the surrounding 

space.

Duct Sealing. Duct sealing cost-effectively saves energy, improves air and thermal distribution 

(comfort and ventilation), and reduces cross contamination between different zones in the 

building (such as smoking vs. non-smoking, bio-aerosols, and localized indoor air pollutants).

Duct Sealing, Aerosol-Based. This aerosol technology seals duct holes up to 1/4-inch in 

diameter by spraying atomized latex aerosol into the inside of a pressurized duct system. A 

significant amount of energy use in residential buildings is associated with duct losses due to 

leakage.

Fan, Whole House. A whole house fan is a simple and inexpensive method of cooling a house 

when outdoor temperatures are lower than indoor temperatures. The fan draws cool outdoor air 

inside the home through open windows and exhausts hot indoor air through the attic to the

outside.

 

2

http://www.aceee.org/consumer/cooling

3

http://www.toolbase.org/pdf/techinv/ductsinconditionedspace_techspec.pdf
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-3

Floor Insulation. The addition of floor insulation increases the overall resistance value of a 

home and slows heat transfer from the basement to the upper levels. Table B-2.2 summarizes the 

different resistance values compared in the measure.

Table B-2.2. Floor R-Value Comparison

Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation

R-30 R-0

R-38 R-30

Green Roof. The added mass and thermal resistance of green roofs reduces the heating and 

cooling loads of the building. These roofs reduce the ambient temperature of the roof surface and 

slow the transfer of heat into the building, which reduces cooling costs. They also add insulation 

to the roof structure, reducing heating requirements in the winter.4 Additionally, they reduce the 

ambient temperature around the roof, which decreases the building’s urban heat island effect. 

HVAC Unit, Proper Sizing. Correctly-sized HVAC systems operate for longer periods of time 

(instead of cycling on and off frequently), which results in optimum equipment operating 

efficiency and better control.5

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower Door Test. Sealing air leaks in 

windows, doors, the roof, crawlspaces, and outside walls prevents drafts and reduces overall 

heating and cooling losses.

Radiant Barrier, Ceiling. A radiant barrier generally consists of a thin piece of aluminum 

installed in a ceiling that reduces the solar heat gain from the sun during the summer and traps

heat in during the winter. These barriers reduce heat transfer between the air space of the roof 

deck and the attic floor.

Smart Siting. This measure, which applies only to new construction, entails optimizing the

building orientation to minimize the heating and cooling load on the HVAC system.

Solar Attic Fan. This measure provides forced attic fan ventilation, which reduces residential 

heat gains from the ceiling. Because this fan is solar-powered, it runs conveniently when the sun 

is shining. The baseline uses passive ventilation without a fan.

Thermal Shell, Infiltration at 0.2 ACH w/ HRV. Heat recovery ventilation (HRV) provides 

fresh air and improved climate control, while also saving energy by reducing the heating (or 

cooling) requirements of a building. Combining this feature with better infiltration control (0.2 

air changes per hour) minimizes the energy needed to maintain a healthy level of fresh air and 

reduces heat loss due to air leakage.

Thermostat, Multi-Zone. A multi-zone programmable thermostat automatically controls the set 

point temperatures for multiple areas (rooms or zones), ensuring the HVAC system is not 

running during low-occupancy hours. The baseline for this measure is a programmable 

thermostat with central control only.

 

4

http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/Roofs/green-roofs

5

http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/HVAC/hvac-sizing-practice
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-4

Wall Insulation, 2x4 and 2x6. The presence of wall insulation slows the transfer of heat and 

reduces the heating and cooling loads in a house. Table B-2.3 compares the different insulation

levels for 2x4 and 2x6 framing.

Table B-2.3. Wall Insulation Measures

Construction Type Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation

2x4 R-13 R-0

2x6 R-21 R-0

R-21 + R-5 Sheathing R-21

Windows. This measure provides increased building performance by reducing the U-value in 

existing and new construction windows, as shown in Table B-2.4.

Table B-2.4. High Efficiency Window Measures

Measure U-Value Baseline U-Value 

0.30 Single Pane

0.30 Double Pane

0.25 0.30

0.22 0.30

Window Overhang. A window overhang shades windows, which reduces solar heat gains and 

decreases the overall cooling load on the home.

Lighting

Daylighting Controls (Photocell), Indoor/Outdoor. Photocells adjust lighting levels according 

to the level of daylight the room is receiving. The baseline is no daylighting controls.

Occupancy Sensor. An occupancy sensor turns off the lights after a space is unoccupied for a 

designated amount of time. The lights turn on again when the sensor detects a person in the 

space.

Time Clock, Exterior Lighting. This technology allows users to program times for lights outside 

the residence to be turned on and off automatically. Programmed exterior lighting saves energy 

by ensuring that lights are not left on during the daytime.

Water Heat

Clothes Washer, ENERGY STAR®. This clothes washer uses less energy and water than regular 

washers.6 We compared three levels of efficiency―in units of the corresponding Modified 

Energy Factor (MEF) ―for this measure, as shown in Table B-2.5. The baseline MEF represents 

the average MEF of non-ENERGY STAR®-qualified models.

 

6

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=CW
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-5

Table B-2.5. Clothes Washer Modified Energy Factor Comparisons

Measure Level Measure MEF Baseline MEF

ENERGY STAR 2.0-2.19 1.66

CEE Tier 2 2.2-2.45 1.66

CEE Tier 3 2.46 + 1.66

Dishwasher, ENERGY STAR®. This dishwasher uses advanced technology to clean dishes with

less water and energy. The efficient model uses less than 307 kWh/year (including standby 

consumption) and less than 5 gallons of water per cycle. The baseline model consumes 340 

kWh/year.

Drain Water Heat Recovery. Also called gravity film heat exchanges, this device recovers heat 

energy from domestic drain water, which is then used to pre-heat cold water entering the hot 

water tank. This minimizes the temperature difference between the heating set point and the 

temperature of the water entering the system. 

Hot Water Pipe Insulation. The addition of R-4 insulation around pipes decreases heat loss. The 

baseline is a hot water pipe without insulation.

Low-Flow Showerheads. Low-flow showerheads mix water and air to reduce the amount of 

water that flows through the showerhead. The showerhead creates a fine water spray through an

inserted screen in the showerhead. This measure reduces a showerhead’s flow rate from 2.5 

gallons per minute to 2.0 gallons per minute.

Water Heater Tank Blanket. The installation of R-5 insulation on older models of water heaters

helps reduce standby losses.

Water Heater Thermostat Setback. This measure generates savings by reducing the thermostat 

set point temperature from 135° to 120°F. The set point temperature on hot water systems is

often set higher than necessary.

Appliances

Refrigerator/Freezer, Removal of Secondary. This refers to environmentally friendly disposal of 

unneeded or inefficient appliances such as secondary refrigerators or stand-alone freezers.

Stand-Alone Freezer, Removal. The removal of stand-alone freezers is beneficial because of the

inefficient use of energy by these appliances. Proper disposal is required due to their use of

hazardous materials such as Freon and CFCs.

Plug Load

1-Watt Standby Power. Standby power is the electricity used by small electrical equipment or 

appliances when they are switched off or are not performing their main function. Minimizing this 

loss to one watt or less can reduce this standby energy consumption by more than 50 percent. 

Battery Charger, ENERGY STAR®. On average, these battery chargers use 35 percent less 

energy than conventional battery chargers, which draw as much as five to 20 times more energy 

than is actually stored in the battery (even when not actively charging a product). Battery
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-6

charging systems recharge a variety of cordless products, including power tools, small household 

appliances, and electric shavers. The baseline is a standard battery charger.7

Office Copier, ENERGY STAR®. These copy machines are 40 percent more efficient than 

standard office copy machines.8

Office Printer, ENERGY STAR®. These printers are 40 percent more efficient than standard 

printers.

Smart Strip. Power strips with an occupancy sensor will turn power to all devices plugged into 

the strip on and off, such as computers, desk lights, and audio equipment, based on occupancy 

within the work area.

Other (Pool)

Pool Pump Timers. A pool pump with a timer set to run during off-peak times (starting after 

8:00 p.m. and cycling off before 10:00 a.m.) reduces energy costs. Cycling the pumps will 

further reduce monthly costs. The baseline is a continuously running pump.

 

7

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=battery_chargers.pr_battery_chargers

8

http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=IEQ
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-7

2. Residential Electric Equipment Measure 

Descriptions

Heating and Cooling

Air or Ground Source Heat Pump (ASHP or GSHP). Electric heat pumps move heat to or from 

the air or the ground to cool and heat a home. Table B-2.6 displays the different efficiency levels

we compared for this measure. The baseline size is the same as the measure size.

Table B-2.6. Heat Pump SEER/HSPF Comparisons

Measure Efficiency Baseline SEER & HSPF

ASHP 14 SEER, 8.5 HSPF

ASHP 16 SEER, 8.8 HSPF ASHP 13 SEER, 7.7 HSPF

GSHP 16.2 EER, 8.8 HSPF

Central Cooling. This measure consists of several different air conditioner technology/efficiency

levels, as summarized in Table B-2.7. The baseline size is the same as the measure size.

Table B-2.7. Central AC SEER Comparison

Measure Baseline SEER

14 SEER

16 SEER 13 SEER 

18 SEER

Conversion Baseboard Heating to Ductless Heat Pump (DHP). DHPs move heat to or from the 

air to cool and heat a home without the need for costly ductwork. This method of heating has a 

HSPF value of 7.7, consuming less energy than baseboard heating that has a HSPF value of 1.

Conversion Electric Furnace to Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP). ASHPs move heat to or from 

the air to cool and heat a home. This method of heating has a HSPF value of 7.7, consuming less

energy than an electric furnace that has a HSPF value of 1.

Motor, ECM and ECM-VFD. Electronically commutated motors (ECMs) and ECMs with 

variable frequency drives (VFD) consume less power than the standard motor used in ventilation 

and circulation systems. 

Room Air Conditioner (Room AC), 10,000 BTU/HR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified room ACs 

use less energy than conventional models through improved energy performance and timers, 

which allow for better temperature control. ENERGY STAR®-qualified room air conditioners 

have an efficiency rating of 10.8 EER, compared to standard models, which have an efficiency 

rating of 9.8 EER.

Room AC Conversion to Ductless Heat Pump (DHP). DHPs use less energy than room AC 

while also producing less noise and requiring no costly ductwork. DHPs have an efficiency of 13 

SEER, replacing a room AC unit with an efficiency rating of 9.8 EER.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-8

Lighting

Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL), 13, 20, and 25 Watt. Specialty 3-way CFLs use 73 percent 

to 83 percent less energy and have a longer life than incandescent 3-way, 60, 75, or 150 watt 

light bulbs. 

Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL), 15 Watt. Standard CFLs use 62 percent less energy than the 

Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) 43 watt incandescent bulbs. The baseline for this 

measure reflects the 2012-2014 changes to accommodate the EISA of 2007, reaching a baseline 

value of 43 watts.

Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL), 17 Watt Flood Light. Exterior CFLs use 62 percent less 

energy than EISA 45 watt incandescent bulbs. The baseline for this measure reflects the 2012-

2014 changes to accommodate the EISA of 2007, reaching a baseline value of 45 watts.

Light emitting diodes (LEDs), 7 Watts. LEDs are solid-state devices that convert electricity to 

light, use 80 percent less energy, and have a long life. The baseline for this measure reflects the 

2012-2014 changes to accommodate the EISA of 2007, reaching a baseline value of 43 watts. 

Water Heat

Water Heater, Heat Pump. This measure moves heat from a warm reservoir (such as air) into 

the hot water system.9This measure assumes an energy factor (EF) of 2.2, an increase from the 

standard EF of 0.92.

Water Heater, Storage. A high-efficiency water heater reduces standby loss and is more efficient 

than a standard electric water heater. This measure assumes an EF of 0.95, an increase from the 

standard EF of 0.92.

Appliances 

Cooking Oven, High Efficiency. A high-efficiency cooking oven uses fans to circulate heat 

evenly throughout the oven (convection heat), operating at lower temperatures and achieving

cook times quicker than a standard oven. The baseline is a standard oven.

Dryer, High Efficiency. A high-efficiency dryer has features (such as moisture sensors) that 

minimize energy usage while retaining performance. The efficiency levels for this measure are 

shown in Table B-2.8.

Table B-2.8. Dryer EF Comparison

Measure Baseline

3.08 EF

3.19 EF 3.01 EF

3.30 EF

Freezer, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified freezers use 10 percent less energy than 

standard models due to improvements in insulation and compressors.

 

9 Description source: U.S. Department of Energy; 

http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/water_heating/index.cfm/mytopic=12840
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-9

Microwave, High Efficiency. High-efficiency microwaves use more efficient power supplies, 

fans, magnetron, and reflective surfaces that provide energy savings compared to conventional 

microwaves.

Refrigerator, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified refrigerators use 20 percent less 

energy than standard models, due to improvements in insulation and compressors. 

Plug Load

Computer, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®computers consume less than 2 watts in sleep 

and off modes, and are more efficient than conventional units in idle mode, resulting in 30

percent to 65 percent energy savings.

Dehumidifier, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified models have more efficient 

refrigeration coils, compressors, and fans than conventional models, and use less energy to 

remove moisture. Qualified models remove the same amount of moisture as a similarly-sized 

standard unit, but use 10 percent to 20 percent less energy. The baseline for this measure is a 

standard dehumidifier.10

DVD, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified DVD products meeting the new 

requirements use up to 60 percent less energy than standard models.

11 ENERGY STAR® DVD 

players use as little as one-fourth of the energy of standard models in the off mode. The baseline 

for this measure is a standard DVD player.

Home Audio System, ENERGY STAR. According to ENERGY STAR®products, a 6 percent

energy savings can be achieved over standard home audio systems.12

Monitor, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR® monitors feature: (1) on mode, where the 

maximum allowed power varies based on the computer monitor’s resolution; (2) sleep mode, 

where computer monitors must consume 2 watts or less; and, (3) off mode, where computer 

monitors must consume 1 watt or less. The baseline equipment does not include these features.13

Set Top Box, ENERGY STAR. Set top boxes that have earned the ENERGY STAR®rating are 

at least 30 percent more efficient than conventional models.

14 The baseline measure is a standard 

receiver.

TV, ENERGY STAR. ENERGY STAR®-qualified TVs use roughly 40 percent less energy than 

standard units.

15 ENERGY STAR® models are required to consume no more than 1 watt while in 

sleep mode. The baseline is a standard television, which generally consumes more than 3 watts 

when turned off.

 

10 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=DE

11 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=DP

12 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=HA

13 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.ShowProductGroup&pgw_code=MO

14 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=settop_boxes.settop_boxes

15 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=TV
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-10

Other (Pool)

Pool Pumps, Two Speed Motor. This measure enables a pool pump motor to operate at high and 

low speeds as opposed to constantly running at full power. The baseline for this measure is a 

standard one speed motor.

Pool Pumps, VSD. This measure enables a pool pump motor to operate at variable speeds as 

opposed to constantly running at full power. The baseline for this measure is a standard one 

speed motor.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-11

3. Residential Gas Retrofit Measure Descriptions

Heating

Air-to-Air Heat Exchanger. An air-to-air heat exchanger mechanically ventilates homes in cold 

climates. During the winter, it transfers heat from the air being exhausted to the fresh, outside air 

entering the home. Between 50 and 80 percent of the heat normally lost in exhausted air is 

returned to the house. Air-to-air heat exchangers can be installed as part of a central heating and 

cooling system or in walls or windows. Wall- and window-mounted units resemble air 

conditioners and will ventilate one room or area.16

Canned Lighting Air-Tight Sealing. Proper sealing around recessed lighting fixtures prevents 

unwanted heat loss through these air spaces due to air pressure differentials in conditioned and 

unconditioned spaces in homes. The baseline is no sealing around lighting fixtures.

Ceiling Insulation. This measure represents an increase in R-value. Added ceiling insulation 

increases the building’s thermal performance and brings the resistance value up to and past code, 

depending on the building vintage. Table B-2.9 summarizes the different resistance values 

compared in the measure.

Table B-2.9. Ceiling R-Value Comparison

Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation

R-49 R-0

R-49 R-10

R-60 R-49

Construction, ICF. Building a concrete home with insulating concrete forms (ICFs) saves 

energy. Greater insulation, tighter construction, and the temperature-moderating mass of the 

walls conserve heating and cooling energy much better than conventional wood-frame walls.

Construction, SIP. A structural insulated panel (SIP) uses continuous foam insulation 

throughout the panel, which provides excellent energy efficiency and low levels of air 

infiltration. The baseline is standard wood framing.

Doors. Composite or steel doors with a foam core increase overall insulation, slowing heat loss. 

This measure includes adding a thermal door with a resistance value of R-5 or R-11 to houses 

without a thermal or storm door (R-2.5).

Doors, Weatherization. Mounting weather stripping to the bottom of an exterior door minimizes

infiltration door sweep. This type of weatherization consists of an extruded aluminum strip 

holding a flexible vinyl strip that blocks the air space between the door frame and the door. The 

baseline for this measure is no weather stripping.

Duct Fittings, Leak-Proof. The majority of duct leakage in residential HVAC systems is due to 

improperly sealed connections between ductwork and fittings. Even when duct connections are 

initially well-sealed, leakage may increase over time. 

 

16 http://cipco.apogee.net/res/reevhex.asp
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-12

Duct Insulation Upgrade. The addition of insulation around ducts in a heating system reduces 

heat loss to unconditioned spaces. This measure improves existing duct insulation from R-4 to 

R-8.

Duct Location. Locating ducts in conditioned spaces reduces wasted heat loss.17 Many homes

have ducts that run through unconditioned areas (such as attics, garages, crawlspaces, and 

basements) for convenience and practical reasons. Ducts in unconditioned areas lose energy 

because of the temperature difference between conditioned air in the ducts and the surrounding 

space.

Duct Sealing. Duct sealing cost-effectively saves energy, improves air and thermal distribution 

(comfort and ventilation), and reduces cross contamination between different zones in the 

building (such as smoking vs. non-smoking, bio-aerosols, and localized indoor air pollutants).

Duct Sealing, Aerosol-Based. This aerosol technology seals duct holes up to 1/4-inch in 

diameter by spraying atomized latex aerosol into the inside of a pressurized duct system. A 

significant amount of energy use in residential buildings is associated with duct losses due to 

leakage.

Floor Insulation. The addition of floor insulation increases the overall resistance value of a 

home and slows heat transfer from the basement to the upper levels. Table B-2.10 summarizes 

the different resistance values compared in the measure.

Table B-2.10. Floor R-Value Comparison

Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation

R-30 R-0

R-38 R-30

Green Roof. The added mass and thermal resistance of green roofs reduces the heating and 

cooling loads of the building. These roofs reduce the ambient temperature of the roof surface and 

slow the transfer of heat into the building, which reduces cooling costs. They also add insulation 

to the roof structure, reducing heating requirements in the winter.18 Additionally, they reduce the 

ambient temperature around the roof, which decreases the building’s urban heat island effect. 

HVAC Unit, Proper Sizing. Correctly-sized HVAC systems operate for longer periods of time 

(instead of cycling on and off frequently), which results in optimum equipment operating 

efficiency and better control.19

Infiltration Control (Caulk, Weather Strip, etc.) Blower Door Test. Sealing air leaks in 

windows, doors, the roof, crawlspaces, and outside walls prevents drafts and reduces overall 

heating and cooling losses. 

Radiant Barrier, Ceiling. A radiant barrier generally consists of a thin piece of aluminum 

installed in a ceiling that reduces the solar heat gain from the sun during the summer and traps

 

17 http://www.toolbase.org/pdf/techinv/ductsinconditionedspace_techspec.pdf

18 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/Roofs/green-roofs

19 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/HVAC/hvac-sizing-practice
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-13

heat in during the winter. These barriers reduce heat transfer between the air space of the roof 

deck and the attic floor.

Smart Siting. This measure, which applies only to new construction, entails optimizing the

building orientation to minimize the heating and cooling load on the HVAC system.

Thermal Shell, Infiltration at 0.2 ACH w/ HRV. Heat recovery ventilation (HRV) provides 

fresh air and improved climate control, while also saving energy by reducing the heating (or 

cooling) requirements of a building. Combining this feature with better infiltration control (0.2 

air changes per hour) minimizes the energy needed to maintain a healthy level of fresh air and 

reduces heat loss due to air leakage.

Thermostat, Multi-Zone. A multi-zone programmable thermostat automatically controls the set 

point temperatures for multiple areas (rooms or zones), ensuring the HVAC system is not 

running during low-occupancy hours. The baseline for this measure is a programmable 

thermostat with central control only.

Wall Insulation, 2x4 and 2x6. The presence of wall insulation slows the transfer of heat and 

reduces the heating and cooling loads in a house. Table B-2.11 compares the different insulation

levels for 2x4 and 2x6 framing.

Table B-2.11. Wall Insulation Measures

Construction Type Measure Insulation Baseline Insulation

2x4 R-13 R-0

2x6 R-21 R-0

R-21 + R-5 Sheathing R-21

Windows. This measure provides increased building performance by reducing the U-value in

existing and new construction windows, as shown in Table B-2.12.

Table B-2.12. High Efficiency Window Measures

Measure U-Value Baseline U-Value 

0.30 Single Pane

0.30 Double Pane

0.25 0.30

0.22 0.30

Water Heat

Clothes Washer, ENERGY STAR®. This clothes washer uses less energy and water than regular 

washers.20 Three levels of efficiency―in units of the corresponding Modified Energy Factor

(MEF) ―are shown in Table B-2.13. The baseline MEF represents the average MEF of nonENERGY STAR®

-qualified models.

 

20 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=CW
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-14

Table B-2.13. Clothes Washer Modified Energy Factor Comparisons

Measure Level Measure MEF Baseline MEF

ENERGY STAR 2.0-2.19 1.66

CEE Tier 2 2.2-2.45 1.66

CEE Tier 3 2.46 + 1.66

Dishwasher, ENERGY STAR®. This dishwasher uses advanced technology to clean dishes with

less water and energy. The efficient model uses less than 307 kWh/year (including standby 

consumption) and less than 5 gallons of water per cycle. The baseline model consumes 340 

kWh/year. 

Drain Water Heat Recovery. Also called gravity film heat exchanges, this device recovers heat 

energy from domestic drain water, which is then used to pre-heat cold water entering the hot 

water tank. This minimizes the temperature difference between the heating set point and the 

temperature of the water entering the system. 

Hot Water Pipe Insulation. The addition of R-4 insulation around pipes decreases heat loss. The 

baseline is a hot water pipe without insulation.

Low-Flow Showerheads. Low-flow showerheads mix water and air to reduce the amount of 

water that flows through the showerhead. The showerhead creates a fine water spray through an

inserted screen in the showerhead. This measure reduces a showerhead’s flow rate from 2.5 

gallons per minute to 2.0 gallons per minute.

Water Heater Tank Blanket. The installation of R-5 insulation on older models of water heaters 

helps reduce standby losses.

Water Heater Thermostat Setback. This measure generates savings by reducing the thermostat 

set point temperature from 135° to 120°F. The set point temperature on hot water systems is

often set higher than necessary.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-15

4. Residential Gas Equip Measure Descriptions

Heating

Gas Boiler. Boilers are classified as condensing or non-condensing. Condensing boilers 

condense the flue gas and water vapor, extracting useful heat and improving the boiler 

efficiency. This measure compares several boilers with different thermal efficiencies and is 

applicable to both new and existing construction. The overall efficiency of the boiler is defined 

as the gross energy output divided by the energy input, and is affected by combustion efficiency, 

standby losses, cycling losses, and heat transfer. Table B-2.14 displays the measure and baseline 

thermal efficiencies.

Table B-2.14. Gas Boiler Efficiency Comparison

Measure AFUE Baseline AFUE

90% 82% 94%

Gas Furnace. Improvements in furnace technology, such as new ignition and heat exchange 

design, have led to increased furnace efficiency. The AFUE levels considered in this measure are 

shown in Table B-2.15.

Table B-2.15. Gas Furnace Efficiency Comparison

Measure AFUE Baseline AFUE

90%

80% 95%

Water Heat

Water Heater, Storage. A high-efficiency water heater reduces standby loss and is more efficient 

than a standard electric water heater. The energy factors (EF) considered in this measure are

shown in Table B-2.16.

Table B-2.16. Water Heater EF Comparison

Measure EF Baseline EF

0.67 0.62 0.80

Water Heater, Tankless. This measure provides hot water at a preset temperature as needed 

without storage, thereby reducing or eliminating standby losses. Tankless systems have an EF of 

0.82, compared to standard water heaters with an EF of 0.62.

21

 

21 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/Plumbing/tankless-water-heaters
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-16

Appliances

High Efficiency Dryer. High efficiency dryers have features, such as moisture sensors, that 

minimize energy usage while retaining performance. The efficiency levels for this measure are 

shown in Table B-2.17.

Table B-2.17. Dryer EF Comparison

Measure Baseline 

2.74 EF

2.83 EF 2.67 EF

2.93 EF

Other (Pool)

Energy Efficient Pool Heater. Gas pool heaters use natural gas or propane. The water circulated 

by the pump passes through a filter and then travels to the heater. Gas burns in the heater 

combustion chamber, generating heat that warms the water returning to the pool. This measure 

assumes an efficiency level of 88 percent, compared to a standard 83 percent efficient pool 

heater. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-17

5. Commercial Electric Retrofit Measure

Descriptions

HVAC (and Envelope) 

Automated Ventilation Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Control, Occupancy/CO2 sensors.

This measure is also known as demand-control ventilation (DCV), where the ventilation system 

automatically adjusts air flow when CO2 is above a specified level. CO2 controls maintain a

minimum ventilation rate at all times to control non-occupant contaminants, such as off-gassing 

from furniture, equipment, and building components. The baseline of this measure is a

ventilation system that runs constantly.

Chilled Water/Condenser Water Settings, Optimization. Making adjustments to the chilled and 

condenser water system settings to better match the building load will reduce unnecessary use of 

the compressor and pumps.

Chilled Water Piping Loop with Variable Speed Drive (VSD) Control. A VSD controller, with 

two-way valves at the cooling coils, controls the chilled water pump speed to vary based on the

cooling load, thus reducing pumping energy requirements. The baseline is a constant speed pump 

with three-way valves.

Chiller Water-Side Economizer. This measure consists of a heat exchanger attached to a 

condenser water piping loop that operates when outdoor conditions can produce colder 

condenser water than the mixed air temperature. A water side economizer is used when an 

outdoor-air economizer is not practical. The baseline measure is no economizer.

Convert Constant Volume Air System to Variable Air Volume (VAV). This measure allows the 

airflow volume of a HVAC system to vary the heating or cooling load rather than overconditioning and short-cycling. The baseline is a constant volume system.

Cooling Tower, Decrease Approach Temperature. An oversized cooling tower allows a reduced 

approach temperature, which saves energy. The approach temperature is the difference between 

the water leaving the tower and the wet-bulb temperature. This measure assumes a 6 degree delta 

compared to the baseline of a 10 degree delta.

Cooling Tower, Two-Speed Fan Motor. A two-speed fan cycles between off, low, and high 

speeds to maintain the tower set point. The low-speed setting uses less energy than a single, high 

speed fan. The baseline measure is a single-speed fan motor.

Cooling Tower, Variable Speed Drive (VSD) Fan Control. VSDs modulate the air flow so that 

heat rejection exactly matches load at the desired set point, which saves energy. The baseline 

measure is a two-speed fan motor.

Direct Digital Control (DDC) System, Installation. DDC systems allow for both HVAC and 

lighting to be controlled and monitored. For lighting, the DDC system allows for direct control 

of lights from a remote location. Entire HVAC systems, including pumps, motors, fans, and set 

points, can be digitally programmed for tighter control of the system.

Direct Digital Control (DDC) System, Optimization. DDC is also known as an energy 

management system (EMS), which allows for digital monitoring and control of HVAC and 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-18

lighting systems. The optimization refers to upgrading a high-efficiency energy management 

system to a premium efficiency system.

Direct Digital Control (DDS) System, Wireless Performance Monitoring. This secondgeneration building automation systems allows for wireless optimization and operation of 

building systems (such as HVAC) through computerized monitoring and control software and 

interfaces.

Direct Expansion (DX) Package Air-Side Economizer. An air-side economizer mixes return air 

with outside air to cool indoor spaces, which saves energy as less air needs to be cooled. 

Direct Expansion (DX) Tune-Up/Diagnostics. Regular maintenance of DX air-conditioning 

systems includes checking controls, replacing filters, cleaning coils and blowers, and checking 

refrigerant levels.

Direct/Indirect Evaporative Cooling, Pre-Cooling. Direct evaporative coolers are low-energy 

systems that evaporate water into the air stream, thus reducing air temperature and increasing 

humidity. Indirect evaporative coolers use a secondary air stream that is cooled by water and 

travels through a heat exchanger with the primary air stream, cooling the air but not affecting the 

humidity. Direct/indirect systems cool the air stream via the indirect cooler, then cool it further 

through the direct cooler. Including an evaporative cooler before the DX system reduces the 

overall cooling load. 

Duct Fittings, Leak-Proof. The majority of duct leakage in residential HVAC systems is due to 

improperly sealed connections between ductwork and fittings. Even when duct connections are 

initially well-sealed, leakage may increase over time.

Duct Repair and Sealing. This maintenance creates significant energy savings by ensuring 

conditioned air only goes to occupied spaces, thereby reducing an excessive runtime/load on the 

HVAC system.

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery. This measure captures heated air exhausted out 

of a building and transfers it to the incoming air, decreasing the overall heating load.

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air. This measure provides exhaust air at the hood instead of allowing 

the hood to exhaust conditioned air in the room. The baseline measure is for conditioned air to be 

expelled through exhaust hoods.

Green Roof. The added mass and thermal resistance of green roofs reduces the heating and 

cooling loads of the building. These roofs reduce the ambient temperature of the roof surface and 

slow the transfer of heat into the building, which reduces cooling costs. They also add insulation 

to the roof structure, reducing heating requirements in the winter.22 Additionally, they reduce the 

ambient temperature around the roof, which decreases the building’s urban heat island effect.

Hotel Key Card Energy Control System. This measure controls room HVAC and lighting during 

non-occupied periods. Occupancy is determined by the presence of a key card and/or additional 

sensors. The central system sets heating and cooling to a minimum and turns off lighting when 

the key card is removed. Once the key card is inserted, the hotel guest has full control of the 

room systems.

 

22 http://www.toolbase.org/Technology-Inventory/Roofs/green-roofs
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-19

Infiltration Reduction (Caulking, Weather Stripping, etc.). Sealing air leaks in windows, doors, 

the roof, crawlspaces, and outside walls decreases overall heating and cooling losses. Baseline 

and measure values, in units of air changes per hour (ACH), are presented in Table B-2.18.

Table B-2.18. Infiltration Reduction Measures

Measure (ACH) Baseline (ACH)

0.65 1.00

Insulation, Ceiling. These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing building 

conditions to current state code or from current state code to better than code. Baseline and 

measure values are presented in Table B-2.19.

Table B-2.19. Ceiling Insulation Measures

Measure Baseline

R-38 (State Code) R-7

R-38 (State Code) R-8

R-38 (State Code) R-11

R-49 R-38 (State Code)

Insulation, Duct. Packaged direct expansion and heat-pump equipment are generally coupled 

with a ducting system inside the building. Insulating these ducts reduces energy loss to the 

unconditioned plenum space. This measure assumes that R-7 insulation is installed where no 

insulation previously existed.

Insulation, Floor (Non-Slab). These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing 

building conditions to current state code or from current state code to better than code. The 

baseline and measure R-values are presented in Table B-2.20.

Table B-2.20. Floor Insulation Measures

Measure Baseline

R-30 (State Code) R-7

R-30 (State Code) R-8

R-30 (State Code) R-11

R-30 (State Code) R-19

R-38 R-30 (State Code)

Insulation, Wall. These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing building 

conditions to the current state code value of R-13 + 7.5. The baseline value of R-3 represents the 

average existing insulation level.

Natural Ventilation System. This measure relies on pressure differences to move fresh air 

through buildings. Natural ventilation, unlike fan-forced ventilation, uses the natural forces of 

wind and buoyancy to deliver fresh air into buildings. The specific approach and design varies by

building type and local climate. The amount of ventilation depends on internal space design and 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-20

the size and placement of openings in the building. Natural ventilation offsets the energy 

required to run forced air ventilation systems. 23

Pipe Insulation. Adding 1.5-inches of insulation to water pipes yields an approximate R-value of 

R-6, which decreases temperature losses, thereby reducing demand on chilled water systems.

Programmable Thermostat. This measure controls set point temperature automatically, ensuring 

the HVAC system is not running during low-occupancy hours.

Retro-Commissioning. Commissioning ensures that energy-using systems are operating in an 

optimal fashion in order to maximize energy efficiency. This commissioning process can be 

applied to existing buildings to restore them to optimal performance. Retro-commissioning is a 

systematic, documented process that identifies low-cost operational and maintenance 

improvements in existing buildings and brings them up to the design intentions.24,25 The baseline 

measure is no commissioning. 

Sensible Heat Recovery Devices. This measure preconditions incoming air by transferring 

energy between the exhaust air stream and the supply air stream. This raises the temperature of 

incoming air during the winter and decreases it in the summer. Energy savings results from the 

reduced need for mechanical heating or cooling. 

Total Heat Recovery Devices. This measure, also called enthalpy recovery, transfers sensible 

and latent heat. Latent heat, which is released or absorbed due to a phase change (such as the 

condensation of water vapor), significantly raises the outdoor air humidity in the winter and 

reduces it in the summer.

26

Window Film. Solar control window films applied to existing windows reduces peak demand

during hot months and conserves air conditioning energy. The use of these films also reduces

exposure to ultraviolet radiation and glare.27

Windows, High Efficiency. This measure increases building performance by reducing the Uvalue, as shown in Table B-2.21.

Table B-2.21. High-efficiency Window Measures

Measure U-Value Baseline U-Value

0.40 (State Code) 0.68

0.40 (State Code) 0.67

0.40 (State Code) 0.65

0.40 (State Code) 0.60

0.32 0.40 (State Code)

 

23 National Renewable Energy Laboratory; http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy03osti/33698.pdf

24 http://www.green.ca.gov/CommissioningGuidelines/default.htm

25 http://cbs.lbl.gov/BPA/cct.html

26 http://www.mcquay.com/mcquaybiz/marketing_tools/mt_corporate/EngNews/0701.pdf

27 http://www.iwfa.com/iwfa/Consumer_Info/windowfilmbenefits.html
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-21

Lighting 

Bi-Level Control, Stairwell Lighting. This measure allows an occupancy sensor to reduces the 

light load in an unoccupied stairwell by 50 percent for a set amount of time. The baseline is 

continuous operation at full power.

Cold Cathode Lighting. This measure is a tubular light or bulb that passes an electrical current 

through a gas or vapor, much like neon lighting. A cold cathode light is up to five times brighter 

than neon, and has one of the longest lives of any lighting fixture at roughly 50,000 hours.28 Cold 

cathode lighting uses 5 watts compared to 30 watts for an incandescent bulb. 

Covered Parking Lighting. This measure reducing the energy use of covered parking garages by 

replacing inefficient metal halide lamps with LED and replacing high pressure sodium lamps 

with LED low bay lighting.

Daylighting Controls, Outdoors (Photocell). Exterior photocells adjust lighting levels according 

to sunlight levels reaching desired set points. This measure achieves savings over time-clock or 

manual controls through changes in seasonal and site conditions by improving night time 

durations.

Dimming, Continuous: Fluorescent Fixtures. A continuous dimming switch allows light level

brightness to vary from 0 percent to 100 percent, increasing electricity savings. The baseline 

measure is fluorescent fixtures operating at full power.

Dimming, Stepped: Fluorescent Fixtures. This measure allows the user to vary the light level 

by a number of specified tiers to adjust for the amount of outside daylight. The baseline measure 

is fluorescent fixtures operating at full power.

Exit Sign, Light Emitting Diodes (LED). LED exit signs use only 2 watts of power and last over 

50,000 hours, compared to CFL exit signs that use 9 watts of power and have a shorter life.

Exit Sign, Photoluminescent or Tritium. This measure uses no energy and provides lighting 

suitable for exit signage.

Exterior Building Lighting, Package. This measure decreases lighting power density by 30 

percent. The baseline lighting technology includes all available technologies in a building that 

make up the total watts per square foot. 

Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Refrigeration Case Lights. These highly efficient bulbs create 55

percent energy savings over standard 60 watt fluorescent refrigeration case light. 

Lighting Reduction Package, High Efficiency. This measure results in a 15 percent decrease in 

lighting power density (W/sqft). The baseline lighting technology includes all available 

technologies in a building that make up the total watts per square foot. Installation of the lighting 

reduction package reduces lighting power density with higher efficiency technologies, such as 

high performance T8 or T5 tubes, high-efficiency ballasts, reflective lighting fixtures, etc. 

Lighting Reduction Package, Premium Efficiency. This measure results in a 20 percent

decrease in lighting power density (W/sqft). The baseline lighting technology includes all 

available technologies in a building that make up the total watts per square foot. Installation of 

 

28 Conjecture Corporation of wisegeek.com; http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-cold-cathode-light.htm
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-22

the lighting reduction package reduces lighting power density with higher efficiency 

technologies, such as high performance T8 or T5 tubes, high-efficiency ballasts, reflective 

lighting fixtures, etc. 

Lighting Reduction Package, Super Premium Efficiency. This measure results in a 25 percent

decrease in lighting power density (W/sqft). The baseline lighting technology includes all 

available technologies in a building that make up the total watts per square foot. Installation of 

the lighting reduction package reduces lighting power density (W/sqft) with higher efficiency 

technologies, such as high performance T8 or T5 tubes, high-efficiency ballasts, reflective 

lighting fixtures, etc. 

Lighting Reduction Package, Super Premium High Bay. Lighting reduction packages, such as 

T5HO (High Output) for high bay applications in a warehouse or grocery, can reduce the power 

density by 35 percent. The baseline lighting technology includes all available technologies in a 

building that make up the total watts per square foot.

Occupancy Sensor, Fluorescent. This measure turns off fluorescent lights after a space is 

unoccupied for a designated amount of time. The lights turn on again when the sensor detects a 

person in the space. Occupancy measures can control single or multiple lighting zones. The 

controlled lighting wattage varies depending on application. The baseline assumes no lighting 

controls.

Solid State Light Emitting Diode (LED), White Lighting. LEDs are solid-state devices that 

convert electricity to light, with very high efficiency and long life. Recently, lighting 

manufacturers have indirectly produced ‘cool’ white LED lighting using ultraviolet LEDs to 

excite phosphors that emit a white-appearing light. This measure applies to exterior lighting for

landscape, merchandise, signage, and structures. The baseline for this measure is 50 watts, 10 

hrs/day, 365 days/yr.

Surface Parking Lighting. Replacing inefficient metal halide lamps that consume between 100-

150 watts with LED lighting that consumes 60-111 watts reduces the energy use of surface 

parking lots. LED lights also last longer than metal halide lamps, reducing the labor of replace 

lamps.

Time Clock. This technology allows users to program lights and other loads to be turned on and 

off automatically in response to a time schedule, an occupancy sensor, or a building automation 

system.

Water Heat

Clothes Washer, Ozonating. This measure disinfects water with ozone-enriched air, which 

suppresses subsequent biological activity and controls biological growth within the appliance, 

thus reducing the need for hot water. The baseline measure is a standard commercial clothes 

washer.29

 

29 http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6607672-description.html
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The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-23

Clothes Washer Commercial, ENERGY STAR®. This measure has more capacity than 

conventional top-load models with an agitator. Some front-loaders can wash over 20 pounds of 

laundry at once, compared to 10–15 pounds for a standard top-loader.30

Demand-Controlled Circulating Systems. This measure circulates hot water only when required. 

The baseline measure is a continuously circulating hot water system, resulting in energy loss 

through pipes. 

Dishwasher, Residential ENERGY STAR®. Residential sized ENERGY STAR®dishwashers

are often appropriate for smaller commercial buildings, and are 10 percent more efficient than 

the federal minimum standard used as the baseline.31

Dishwasher, Commercial: High Temperature ENERGY STAR®. This measure has a minimal 

idle rate, consumes a minimal amount of water per rack of loaded dishes, and is on average 25

percent more efficient than standard high temp commercial dishwashers.

32

Dishwasher, Commercial: Low Temperature ENERGY STAR®. This measure uses chemicals 

combined with low temperatures to save energy compared to standard high temperature 

commercial dishwashers.

Drain Water Heat Recovery, Water Heater. This measure recovers heat energy from drain water 

and uses it to heat water entering the hot water tank, minimizing the temperature rise required to 

achieve the water heater set point.

33

Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation. One inch of extra insulation on hot water pipes yields an

approximate R-value of R-4, decreasing temperature losses. This measure is only applicable for

existing construction. The baseline measure is no insulation.

Low-Flow Faucet Aerators. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of water 

that flows through the faucet. It creates a fine water spray through an inserted screen in the faucet 

head. Flow rate requirements for this measure are presented in Table B-2.22. 

Table B-2.22. Faucet Aerator Flow Rates

Measure Flow Rate (GPM*) Baseline Flow Rate (GPM)

2.2 3.0

1.5 2.2

* Gallons per minute

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray Valves. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of 

water that flows through the spray head. The head creates a fine water spray through an inserted 

screen, achieving a flow reduction from 1.6 GPM (federal standard) to 0.6 GPM.

 

30 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=clotheswash.pr_clothes_washers_comm

31 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=DW

32 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=COH

33 www.toolbase.org/Techinventory/TechDetails.aspx?ContentDetailID=858&BucketID=6&CategoryID=9
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-24

Low-Flow Showerheads. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of water that 

flows through the showerhead. The showerhead creates a fine water spray through an inserted 

screen. Flow rate requirements for this measure are presented in Table B-2.23.

Table B-2.23. Low-Flow Showerhead Flow Rates

Measure Flow Rate (GPM) Baseline Flow Rate (GPM)

2.5 4.5

2.0 2.5

Ultrasonic Faucet Control. Ultrasonic sensors automatically turn faucet water on and off when 

motion is detected at the sink. This eliminates water running continuously while the sink is in 

use.

Water Cooled Refrigeration with Heat Recovery. Heat recovery gathers and uses thermal energy

for the water heater that would normally be rejected to the ambient environment.

Water Heater Temperature Setback. This measure reduces the set point temperature from 130°F 

to 120°F. 

Refrigeration

Anti-Sweat (Humidistat) Controls. This measure enables the user to turn refrigeration display 

case anti-sweat heaters off when ambient relative humidity is low enough that sweating will not 

occur. Without controls, heaters generally run continuously.

Case Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM). A case fan is one component of a refrigeration 

system. ECMs are smaller variable speed motors that operate from a single-phase power source 

with an electronic controller in or on the motor. The baseline measure is a standard efficiency 

motor.

Case Replacement, Low and Medium Temperatures. Efficient refrigerated display cases 

achieve higher performance efficiency and reduce overall energy consumption by incorporating 

high performance evaporative fans, such as ECMs, energy-efficient double-pane glass doors, 

anti-sweat controls, high efficiency lighting and ballast, such as T8 or LED lamps, and improved 

insulation. 

Compressor VSD Retrofit. This measure modulates motor speed in response to load changes. 

When low-load conditions exist, current to the compressor motor is decreased, slowing the 

compressor motor. Baseline is a constant-speed compressor.

Demand Control Defrost, Hot Gas. Evaporator frost reduces coil capacity by acting as a layer of 

insulation and reducing the airflow between fins. With hot gas defrost, refrigerant vapor from the 

compressor discharge or the high pressure receiver is used to warm the evaporator coil and melt 

the frost.34

Evaporative Condenser, High Efficiency. This water cooled measure can cycle a refrigerator 

with less energy than a standard air-cooled system.

 

34 Parker Refrigeration Specialists; 

http://www.parker.com/literature/Refrigerating%20Specialties%20Division/90-11a.pdf
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-25

Floating Condenser Head Pressure Controls. This measure adds controls to float head pressure

temperature down during periods of low load. The base case is a standard multiplex system with

a fixed condensing set point.

Glass Door, ENERGY STAR® Refrigerators/Freezers. Low-E, double-pane thermal glass doors 

reduce cooling loses in refrigerated reach-in cases.

High Efficiency Compressors. A component of refrigeration systems, this measure operates up 

to 15 percent more efficiently than standard-efficiency compressors.

Night Covers for Display Cases. This measure eliminates wasted refrigeration cooling by 

insulating display cases. In addition, it reduces the heating load of buildings by allowing less 

refrigerated air to escape and need reheated.

Refrigeration Commissioning or Re-Commissioning. Commissioning ensures that refrigeration 

systems are operating in an optimal fashion in order to maximize energy efficiency. Retrocommissioning checks previously commissioned equipment to ensure that it is continuing to run 

efficiently. The baseline measure is no commissioning.35

Refrigerator eCube. Refrigerators monitor circulating air temperatures to determine when to 

switch on and off. When the refrigerator door is opened, circulating air temperature increases 

more rapidly than food temperature, causing the equipment to work harder to maintain the set 

point. Instead of measuring air temperature, the eCube, a device with similar heat transfer 

characteristics to food, allows the refrigerator to monitor the more stable food temperature, 

resulting in less frequent cycling of the compressor.

Solid-Door Refrigerators/Freezers, ENERGY STAR®. This measure is designed with high 

efficiency components such as an ECM evaporator, condenser fan motors, hot gas anti-sweat 

heaters, or high-efficiency compressors, saving energy compared to standard models.

36

Standalone to Multiplex Compressor. This measure consists of multiple compressors drawing 

from a common suction header, serving any number of refrigerated display fixtures. The suction 

group is controlled to satisfy the lowest temperature required by any of the attached display 

fixtures, and therefore the fixtures served by a given suction group usually have similar 

temperature requirements. Baseline is a single dedicated compressor system for each 

refrigeration load.37, 38

Strip Curtains on Walk-In Refrigerators. This measure reduces the infiltration of warm air into 

the refrigerated space by improving the barrier between the refrigerated and the ambient air.

Walk-In Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM). A walk-in fan is one component of 

refrigeration systems. ECMs typically have small horse power motors (less than 1 HP) that are 

factory programmed to run at certain speeds. ECMs operate from a single-phase power source 

 

35 http://cbs.lbl.gov/BPA/cct.html

36 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=CRF

37 http://www.energysmartgrocer.org/pdfs/PGE/BridgeEquipment%20SpecificationTandCs.pdf

38 http://www.bizlink.com/HPAC_articles/March2007/306.pdf
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-26

with an electronic controller in or on the motor. The baseline measure is a standard efficiency 

motor.

39

Other

Battery Charger, ENERGY STAR®. On average, these battery chargers use 35 percent less 

energy than conventional battery chargers, which draw as much as five to 20 times more energy 

than is actually stored in the battery (even when not actively charging a product). Battery

charging systems recharge a variety of cordless products, including power tools, small household 

appliances, and electric shavers. The baseline is a standard battery charger.40

Combination Oven. This measure uses both dry heat and steam, which are injected into the oven

when the food being cooked needs it. High efficiency combination ovens with 60 percent

efficiency use roughly half the energy of standard combination ovens.41

Cooking Hood Controls. Utilizing sensors and two-speed or variable speed fans, hood controls 

reduce exhaust (and makeup) airflow when appliances are not at capacity (or have been turned 

off). The baseline for this measure is no hood controls.

Copier, ENERGY STAR®. This measure delivers the same performance as conventional 

equipment, powers down when not in use, and averages 40 percent more efficiency. The baseline 

measure is a non-ENERGY STAR®copier.42

Deep Fat Fryer, Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE). Commercial, 15 inch CEE rated

electric fryers have a heavy load cooking efficiency of 80 percent or better, and use less than 

1,000 watts when idle.43 The baseline is standard electric deep fat fryer.

Fax, ENERGY STAR®. This measure enters sleep mode after inactivity, reducing total power 

consumption by 40 percent.

44

Griddle, ENERGY STAR®. This measure is approximately 10 percent more efficient than 

standard models, and must have a minimum cooking efficiency of 38 percent. They must use less 

than 0.026 therm/hour/ft2 when idle. The baseline measure is a standard grill at 32 percent

efficiency.45

High Efficiency Convection Oven, ENERGY STAR®. This measure must meet the specification 

requirements of 70 percent cooking energy efficiency and an idle energy rate of 1.6 kW. 

Standard electric convection ovens have a 65 percent cooking energy efficiency and an idle 

energy rate of 2 kW.46

 

39 http://www.fishnick.com/publications/appliancereports/refrigeration/GE_ECM_revised.pdf

40 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=battery_chargers.pr_battery_chargers

41 http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/publications/pubdocs/restaurants_guide.pdf

42 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=IEQ

43 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=fryers.pr_fryers

44 http://www.energystar.gov/ia/products/fap/IE_Prog_Req.pdf

45 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=COG

46 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=ovens.pr_comm_ovens
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-27

High Efficiency Ice Maker. This measure uses high efficiency compressors, fan motors, and 

thicker insulation to achieve 15 percent more efficiency than the baseline measure, which is a 

conventional automatic commercial ice maker.47

Hot Food Holding Cabinet, ENERGY STAR®. This measure uses a maximum of 40 watts/cubic 

foot. The baseline measure is a conventional holding cabinet.48

Low Pressure Air Distribution Complex HVAC. This under-floor measure introduces air into 

occupancy zones at relatively low velocities. The decrease in pressure differentials and, therefore 

in air velocity, results in lower energy consumption by the air handlers. The baseline for this 

measure is a variable air volume or constant volume HVAC system. 

Monitor, ENERGY STAR®. This measure enters sleep mode and consumes less than 2 watts. 

The sleep mode needs to be enabled.

Motor, Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE) Premium-Efficiency Plus. These motors (also 

known as “super” or “enhanced”) are more efficient than standard NEMA premium efficiency 

motors.49 This measure specifically relates to HVAC motors ranging from 1 HP to 200 HP. 

Motor, Pump and Fan System: Variable Speed Control. This measure allows pump and fan 

motors to operate at a lower speed while still maintaining set points during partial load 

conditions. This reduces energy consumption as motor operation can vary with load rather than 

frequently cycling on and off at constant speed.

Motor Rewind. This measure follows the Green Motors Practices GroupTM recommendations of 

best practices to maintain original efficiency, commonly called a Green Rewind.50, 51 A failed 

motor can be rewound to a lower efficiency, rewound to maintain the original efficiency, or 

replaced. 

Motor: Variable Air Volume (VAV) Box High Efficiency Electronically Commutated Motor 

(ECM). High efficiency fan-powered boxes prevent hot and cold spots by maintaining room air 

circulation while modulating supply-air temperature to match load. This measure applies to a 

motor efficiency upgrade. An ECM powers the fan in each VAV box. An ECM is a brushless 

DC motor with electronically built-in speed and torque controls, which allows the motor speed to

adjust for optimal airflow. The baseline assumes a standard VAV with induction motors 

including silicon controlled rectifier speed control.

52

Network PC Power Management. This software tool intelligently manages computer powers 

remotely and automatically across a network overnight, on weekends, and when not in use. This 

significantly lowers energy consumption without impacting user productivity, desktop 

maintenance, or upgrades. Workstations operating on a local area network or a wide area 

 

47 Consortium for Energy Efficiency (CEE); http://www.cee1.org/com/com-kit/com-kit-equip.php3

48 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=hfhc.pr_hfhc

49

 CEE motor nominal efficiencies are higher than the NEMA federal minimum efficiency levels that became 

effective in December 2010. On December 19, 2010, the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act updated 

the minimum efficiency standards for motors, and the previous NEMA premium efficiency specifications 

became the federal standard.

50 http://www.bpa.gov/energy/n/industrial/Green_motors/

51 http://www.greenmotors.org/downloads/RTFSubmittalMay_08%20_2_.pdf

52 LEED-qualified Justice Center, reported by DCJ.com and the Minnesota Power Incentive Program.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-28

network can implement PC power-management policies across a network to maximize energy 

savings .

Optimized Variable Volume Lab Hood Design. This measure allows volumetric flow rate to 

vary, which causes a constant speed through the duct regardless of sash opening. The baseline 

measure is a constant volume lab hood.

Power Supply Transformer/Converter. This measure applies to the 80 PLUS performance 

specification requirements for power in computers and servers. 80 PLUS specifies 80 percent or 

greater efficiency at 20 percent, 50 percent, and 100 percent of rated load with a true power 

factor of 0.9 or greater.53 The baseline assumes an 85 percent efficient power supply (>51 watts).

Printer, ENERGY STAR®. This measure deploys a maximum time delay to sleep depending on 

the size of the equipment, which reduces power consumption during periods of inactivity.54

Residential Refrigerator, ENERGY STAR®.This measure uses at least 20 percent less energy 

than required by current federal standards.

55

Residential Refrigerator/Freezer Recycling. This refers to the environmentally-friendly disposal 

of unneeded appliances such as secondary refrigerators or stand-alone freezers.

Residential-Size Refrigerator/Freezer: Early Replacement, ENERGY STAR®. Replacing 

equipment before the end of its useful life is advantageous because of significant inefficiencies in 

older models. 

Scanner, ENERGY STAR®. This measure enters a low power sleep mode after inactivity.56

Server Virtualization. This measure replaces multiple under-utilized servers with one server. 

Many data center servers operate at 10 percent capacity or less, allowing their functions to be 

consolidated onto one virtual server that operates in the range of 85 percent capacity. This 

measure applies to the plug load end use, although it has a savings effect on the cooling load by 

reducing power and, therefore, the heat generated by equipment.

Smart Strip. Power strips with an occupancy sensor will turn power to all devices plugged into 

the strip on and off, such as computers, desk lights, and audio equipment, based on occupancy 

within the work area.

Steam Cooker, ENERGY STAR®. This measure has a cooking efficiency of 50 percent, with 

idle energy rates that vary depending upon pan size.57 The baseline efficiency is a standard 

commercial steam cooker with 35 percent efficiency.

Vending Machines, High Efficiency ENERGY STAR®. New and rebuilt refrigerated beverage 

vending machines are 50 percent more energy efficient than the standard model, through more 

 

53

 www.80PLUS.org

54 http://www.energystar.gov/ia/products/fap/IE_Prog_Req.pdf

55 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=RF

56 http://www.energystar.gov.au/products/scanners.html

57 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=steamcookers.pr_steamcookers
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-29

efficient compressors, fan motors, lighting systems, and low-power mode options during non-use 

periods.58

Vending Miser. This measure senses occupancy and cycles the vending machine cooling off 

when no occupancy is detected.

Water Cooler, ENERGY STAR®. This measure provides only cold water and consumes less than 

0.16 kWh per day. A unit providing hot and cold water consumes less than 1.20 kWh per day.

ENERGY STAR®-qualified water coolers consume 45 percent less energy than standard 

models.59

 

58 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=VMCc

59 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=water_coolers.pr_water_coolers
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The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-30

6. Commercial Electric Equipment Measure

Descriptions

HVAC

Air or Ground Source Heat Pump (ASHP or GSHP). Electric heat pumps move heat to or from 

the air or the ground to cool and heat a home. Table B-2.24 displays the different efficiency 

levels we compared for this measure. The baseline size is the same as the measure size.

Table B-2.24. Heat Pump SEER/HSPF Comparisons

Measure Efficiency Baseline SEER & HSPF

ASHP 14 SEER, 8.5 HSPF

ASHP 16 SEER, 8.8 HSPF ASHP 13 SEER, 7.7 HSPF

GSHP 16.2 EER, 8.8 HSPF

Centrifugal Chiller. This measure uses the vapor compression cycle to chill water and rejects

heat from the chilled water and from the compressor to a second water loop cooled by a cooling 

tower. The advantage of centrifugal compressors is their high flow rate capability and good 

efficiency. Table B-2.25compares different efficiencies greater than 300 tons, rated in kW/ton.

Table B-2.25. Centrifugal Chiller kW/ton Comparison

Measure kW / ton Baseline kW / ton

0.55 0.576 (State Code)

0.52 0.576 (State Code)

0.47 0.576 (State Code)

Direct Expansion (DX) Package. DX systems transfer heat with a refrigerant piping circuit, 

compressor, and refrigerant coils. All components are in a single package typically installed on 

the building roof. Commercial-sized units are normally rated by their Energy Efficient Ratio 

(EER). Table B-2.26 displays the different models compared in this measure.

Table B-2.26. DX AC Unit EER / Advanced Technology Comparisons

kBTU / hr Measure EER Baseline EER

65 – 135 11.5 11.2 (State Code)

65 – 135 12.0 11.2 (State Code)

135 – 240 11.5 11.0 (State Code)

135 – 240 12.0 11.0 (State Code)

240 – 760 10.5 10.0 (State Code)

16 SEER, 8.8 HSPF

16.2 EER, 3.6 COP

240 – 760 10.8 10.0 (State Code)

Screw Chiller. Screw compressors are positive displacement devices. The refrigerant chamber 

actively compresses to a smaller volume by the twisting motion of two interlocking, rotating 

screws. Refrigerant trapped in the space between the two rotating screws is compressed as it 

travels from the inlet to the outlet of the compressor. A slide valve adjusts the compression effect 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-31

by varying the amount of compression that occurs before the refrigerant is discharged. Screw 

chillers are generally used for small- to medium-sized buildings. Table B-2.27compares different 

efficiencies, rated in kW/ton.

Table B-2.27. Screw Chiller kW/ton Comparison

Tons Measure kW / ton Baseline kW / ton

<150 0.71 0.79 (State Code)

<150 0.63 0.79 (State Code)

<150 0.58 0.79 (State Code)

150-300 0.65 0.68 (State Code)

150-300 0.57 0.68 (State Code)

150-300 0.50 0.68 (State Code)

Water Heating

Water Heater, Heat Pump. This measure moves heat from a warm reservoir (such as air) into 

the hot water system.60 Baseline and efficient measure EF values are given in Table B-2.28.

Table B-2.28. Water Heater EF Comparisons

Water Heater Type Measure EF Baseline EF

Electric Storage Water Heater 0.95 0.92

Heat Pump Water Heater 2.2 0.92

Other

Computer, ENERGY STAR. This measure consumes less than 2 watts in sleep and off modes, 

and is more efficient than conventional units in idle mode, resulting in 30 to 65 percent energy 

savings.

 

60 Description source: U.S. Department of Energy; 

http://www.energysavers.gov/your_home/water_heating/index.cfm/mytopic=12840
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-32

7. Commercial Gas Retrofit Measure Descriptions

HVAC (and Envelope) 

Automated Ventilation Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Control, Occupancy/CO2 sensors.

This measure is also known as demand-control ventilation (DCV), where the ventilation system 

automatically adjusts air flow when CO2 is above a specified level. CO2 controls maintain a

minimum ventilation rate at all times to control non-occupant contaminants, such as off-gassing 

from furniture, equipment, and building components. The baseline of this measure is a

ventilation system that runs constantly.

Boiler Economizer. This measure recovers heat energy that would otherwise be lost out the 

boiler stack by using a heat exchanger located on the stack to preheat boiler feed water.

Convert Constant Volume Air System to Variable Air Volume (VAV). TThis measure allows 

the airflow volume of a HVAC system to vary the heating or cooling load rather than overconditioning and short-cycling. The baseline is a constant volume system.

Direct Digital Control (DDC) System, Installation. DDC systems allow for both HVAC and 

lighting to be controlled and monitored. For lighting, the DDC system allows for direct control 

of lights from a remote location. Entire HVAC systems, including pumps, motors, fans, and set 

points, can be digitally programmed for tighter control of the system.

Direct Digital Control (DDC) System, Optimization. DDC is also known as an energy 

management system (EMS), which allows for digital monitoring and control of HVAC and 

lighting systems. The optimization refers to upgrading a high-efficiency energy management 

system to a premium efficiency system.

Direct Digital Control (DDS) System, Wireless Performance Monitoring. This secondgeneration building automation systems allows for wireless optimization and operation of 

building systems (such as HVAC) through computerized monitoring and control software and 

interfaces.

Duct Fittings, Leak-Proof. The majority of duct leakage in residential HVAC systems is due to 

improperly sealed connections between ductwork and fittings. Even when duct connections are 

initially well-sealed, leakage may increase over time.

Duct Repair and Sealing. This maintenance creates significant energy savings by ensuring 

conditioned air only goes to occupied spaces, thereby reducing an excessive runtime/load on the 

HVAC system.

Exhaust Air to Ventilation Air Heat Recovery. This measure captures heated air exhausted out 

of a building and transfers it to the incoming air, decreasing the overall heating load.

Exhaust Hood Makeup Air. This measure provides exhaust air at the hood instead of allowing 

the hood to exhaust conditioned air in the room. The baseline measure is for conditioned air to be 

expelled through exhaust hoods.

Infiltration Reduction (Caulking, Weather Stripping, etc.). Sealing air leaks in windows, doors, 

the roof, crawlspaces, and outside walls decreases overall heating and cooling losses. This 

measure reduces the number of air changes per hour from 1.00 to 0.65.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-33

Insulation, Ceiling. These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing building 

conditions to current state code or from current state code to better than code. Baseline and 

measure values are presented in Table B-2.29.

Table B-2.29. Ceiling Insulation Measures

Measure Baseline

R-38 (State Code) R-7

R-38 (State Code) R-8

R-38 (State Code) R-11

R-49 R-38 (State Code)

Insulation, Duct. Packaged direct expansion and heat-pump equipment are generally coupled 

with a ducting system inside the building. Insulating these ducts reduces energy loss to the 

unconditioned plenum space. This measure assumes that R-7 insulation is installed where no

insulation previously existed.

Insulation, Floor (Non-Slab). These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing 

building conditions to current state code or from current state code to better than code. Baseline 

and measure values are presented in Table B-2.30.

Table B-2.30. Floor Insulation Measures

Measure Baseline

R-30 (State Code) R-7

R-30 (State Code) R-8

R-30 (State Code) R-11

R-30 (State Code) R-19

R-38 R-30 (State Code)

Insulation, Wall. These measures represent an increase in R-value from existing building 

conditions to the current state code value of R-13 + 7.5. The baseline value of R-3 represents the 

average existing insulation level.

Programmable Thermostat. This measure controls set point temperature automatically, ensuring 

the HVAC system is not running during low-occupancy hours.

Retro-Commissioning. Commissioning ensures that energy-using systems are operating in an 

optimal fashion in order to maximize energy efficiency. This commissioning process can be 

applied to existing buildings to restore them to optimal performance. Retro-commissioning is a 

systematic, documented process that identifies low-cost operational and maintenance 

improvements in existing buildings and brings them up to the design intentions.61,62 The baseline 

measure is no commissioning. 

Sensible Heat Recovery Devices. This measure preconditions incoming air by transferring 

energy between the exhaust air stream and the supply air stream. This raises the temperature of 

 

61 http://www.green.ca.gov/CommissioningGuidelines/default.htm

62 http://cbs.lbl.gov/BPA/cct.html
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-34

incoming air during the winter and decreases it in the summer. Energy savings results from the 

reduced need for mechanical heating or cooling. 

Total Heat Recovery Devices. This measure, also called enthalpy recovery, transfers sensible 

and latent heat. Latent heat, which is released or absorbed due to a phase change (such as the 

condensation of water vapor), significantly raises the outdoor air humidity in the winter and 

reduces it in the summer.

63

Steam Pipe Insulation. R-4 insulation reduces heat loss from a steam pipe. The loss size 

depends on the pipe diameter and steam temperature.

Steam Trap Maintenance. This measure prevents the dirt created by chemical treatments or pipe 

scaling from becoming plugged. In most cases, plugging prevents the valve from closing, 

allowing live steam to escape into the condensate return line or atmosphere, wasting energy.

64

Windows, High Efficiency. This measure increases building performance by reducing the Uvalue, as shown in Table B-2.31.

Table B-2.31. High-efficiency Window Measures

Measure U-Value Baseline U-Value

0.40 (State Code) 0.68

0.40 (State Code) 0.67

0.40 (State Code) 0.65

Water Heat

Clothes Washer, Ozonating. This measure disinfects water with ozone-enriched air, which 

suppresses subsequent biological activity and controls biological growth within the appliance, 

thus reducing the need for hot water. The baseline measure is a standard commercial clothes 

washer.65

Demand-Controlled Circulating Systems. This measure circulates hot water only when required. 

The baseline measure is a continuously circulating hot water system, resulting in energy loss 

through pipes. 

Dishwasher, Commercial: High Temperature ENERGY STAR®. This measure has a minimal 

idle rate, consumes a minimal amount of water per rack of loaded dishes, and is on average 25 

percent more efficient than standard high temp commercial dishwashers.

66

Dishwasher, Commercial: Low Temperature ENERGY STAR®. This measure uses chemicals 

combined with low temperatures to save energy compared to standard high temperature 

commercial dishwashers.

 

63 http://www.mcquay.com/mcquaybiz/marketing_tools/mt_corporate/EngNews/0701.pdf

64 http://www.steamtraptesting.com/

65 http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/6607672-description.html

66 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=COH
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-35

Dishwasher, Residential ENERGY STAR®. Residential sized ENERGY STAR®dishwashers

are often appropriate for smaller commercial buildings, and are 10 percent more efficient than 

the federal minimum standard used as the baseline.67

Drain Water Heat Recovery, Water Heater. This measure recovers heat energy from drain water 

and uses it to heat water entering the hot water tank, minimizing the temperature rise required to 

achieve the water heater set point.68

Hot Water (SHW) Pipe Insulation. One inch of extra insulation on hot water pipes yields an 

approximate R-value of R-4, decreasing temperature losses. This measure is only applicable for

existing construction. The baseline measure is no insulation.

Integrated Space Heating/Water Heating. These systems provide space conditioning and hot 

water heating in one appliance/energy source. Domestic hot water is heated directly and space is 

heated by a hot water heat exchanger coil piped to the forced air heating system. This

combination space/water heating system provides high efficiency heating for the cost of one high 

efficiency appliance.

Low-Flow Faucet Aerators. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of water 

that flows through the faucet. It creates a fine water spray through an inserted screen in the faucet 

head. Flow rate requirements for this measure are presented in Table B-2.32.

Table B-2.32. Faucet Aerator Flow Rates

Measure Flow Rate (GPM*) Baseline Flow Rate (GPM)

2.2 3.0

1.5 2.2

* Gallons per minute

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse Spray Valves. This measure mixes water and air, reducing the amount of 

water that flows through the spray head. The head creates a fine water spray through an inserted 

screen, achieving a flow reduction from 1.6 GPM (federal standard) to 0.6 GPM.

Low-Flow Showerheads. Low-flow showerheads mix water and air to reduce the amount of 

water that flows through the showerhead. The showerhead creates a fine water spray through an 

inserted screen in the showerhead. Flow rate requirements for this measure are presented in 

Table B-2.33.

Table B-2.33. Low-Flow Showerhead Flow Rates

Measure Flow Rate (GPM) Baseline Flow Rate (GPM)

2.5 4.5

2.0 2.5

Ultrasonic Faucet Control. Ultrasonic sensors automatically turn faucet water on and off when 

motion is detected at the sink. This eliminates water running continuously while the sink is in 

use.

 

67 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=DW

68 www.toolbase.org/Techinventory/TechDetails.aspx?ContentDetailID=858&BucketID=6&CategoryID=9
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-36

Water Cooled Refrigeration with Heat Recovery. Heat recovery gathers and uses thermal energy

for the water heater that would normally be rejected to the ambient environment.

Water Heater Temperature Setback. This measure reduces the set point temperature from 130°F 

to 120°F. 

Other

Broiler. High efficiency broiler ovens have rigorous start-up, shut down, and turn down 

schedules for additional energy savings over standard units. Improved efficiency broilers have an 

efficiency of 34 percent, compared to baseline models at 15 percent.

Convection Oven, High Efficiency ENERGY STAR®. This measure must meet the specification 

requirements of 70 percent cooking energy efficiency and an idle energy rate of 18,000 Btu/h. 

Standard electric convection ovens have a 65 percent cooking energy efficiency and an idle 

energy rate of 13,000 Btu/h.69

Fryers, Commercial Gas Cooking ENERGY STAR®. These measures are 50 percent efficient, 

and when idle use less than 9,000 Btu/hr.70 The baseline efficiency is 35 percent for a nonENERGY STAR®

commercial fryer.

Griddle, ENERGY STAR®. This measure is approximately 10 percent more efficient than 

standard models, and must have a minimum cooking efficiency of 38 percent. They must use less 

than 0.026 therm/hour/ft2 when idle. The baseline measure is a standard grill at 32 percent

efficiency.71

Oven, Conveyor. A high efficiency conveyor oven is 23 percent efficient, compared to a 

standard conveyor oven with 15 percent efficiency.

Oven, Power Burner. A power burner incorporates a larger burner and is often sold on rangeoven combination units. This measure mixes a greater percentage of air to the gas to increase the 

overall combustion efficiency of the burner from 40 to 50 percent efficiency to 60 percent 

efficiency.

Steam Cooker, ENERGY STAR®. This measure has a cooking efficiency of 50 percent, with 

idle energy rates that vary depending upon pan size.72 The baseline efficiency is a standard 

commercial steam cooker with 35 percent efficiency.

Swimming Pool/Spa Covers. This measure reduces evaporation, which is the largest source of 

pool/spa energy loss. It takes one British thermal unit (Btu) to raise one pound of water by one

degree. Each pound of 80o F water that evaporates takes 1,048 Btus of heat out of the pool.73 The 

baseline measure is an uncovered pool or spa.

 

69 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=ovens.pr_comm_ovens

70 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=fryers.pr_fryers

71 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseaction=find_a_product.showProductGroup&pgw_code=COG

72 http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=steamcookers.pr_steamcookers

73 http://www.eere.energy.gov/consumer/your_home/water_heating/index.cfm/mytopic=13140
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-37

8. Commercial Gas Equipment Measure

Descriptions

HVAC

Gas Boiler. Boilers are classified as condensing or non-condensing. Condensing boilers 

condense the flue gas and water vapor, extracting useful heat and improving the boiler 

efficiency. This measure compares several boilers with different thermal efficiencies and is 

applicable to both new and existing construction. The overall efficiency of the boiler is defined 

as the gross energy output divided by the energy input, and is affected by combustion efficiency, 

standby losses, cycling losses, and heat transfer. Table B-2.34 displays the measure and baseline 

thermal efficiencies.

Table B-2.34. Gas Boiler Efficiency Comparison

Measure AFUE Baseline AFUE

90% 82% 94%

Gas Furnace. Improvements in furnace technology, such as new ignition and heat exchange 

design, have led to increased furnace efficiency. The AFUE levels considered in this measure are 

shown in Table B-2.15.

Table B-2.35. Gas Furnace Efficiency Comparison

Measure AFUE Baseline AFUE

90% 80% 95%

Water Heat

Water Heater. This measure has a range of thermal efficiencies as shown in Table B-2.36. High 

efficiency models have better insulation, which reduces standby losses.

Table B-2.36. Commercial Gas Water Heater Comparison

Measure Efficiency Baseline Efficiency

0.82 EF 0.67 EF 0.90 EF
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-38

9. Industrial Electric Measure Descriptions 

Air Compressor Improvements (Demand Reduction, Optimization, Equipment). These 

measures improve the overall compressed air system by improved system design, leak repair, 

usage practices, more efficient dryer and storage systems, and compressor upgrades.

Clean Room Improvements (Change Filter Strategy, Chiller Optimize, HVAC). These 

measures aim to save energy through improved clean room equipment and practices. Savings are 

attributable to optimization of chiller operating parameters, upgrading to more efficient 

equipment, and improving filter replacement strategies.

Efficiency Centrifugal Fan. This measure achieves energy savings through improved fan 

design.

Electric Chip Fab Improvements (Eliminate Exhaust, Exhaust Injector, Reduce Gas Pressure, 

Solid-state Chiller). These measures are general improvements that increase efficiency in the 

electric chip fabrication process.

Fan System Optimization. This measure involves the overall optimization of the fan system with

improved system design, enhanced flow design, better maintenance practices, and adjustments to 

system parameters.

Food Manufacturing (Cooling and Storage, Refrigerator Storage Tune-up). These measures 

maintain and enhance the cooling equipment for each facility type. Tune-ups may include 

refrigerant charge, equipment cleaning, general maintenance, and improved practices.

General Process Improvements (Paper: Premium Fan, Paper: Large Material Handling, 

Paper: Material Handling, Paper: Premium Control Large Material, Efficient Pulp Screen, 

Wood: Replace Pneumatic Conveyor, Metal: New Arc Furnace). These measures include 

upgrading equipment, replacing hydraulic/pneumatic equipment with electrical equipment, and 

using optimum size and capacity equipment.

High Efficiency Fans (Fan Equipment Upgrade). This measure involves upgrading motors to 

higher efficiency. Since NEMA Premium motors are becoming the baseline code requirement in 

2010, this measure is based off of super premium motors with efficiency levels at least one 

efficiency band above NEMA premium.

Lighting Improvements (Efficient Lighting 1, 2, and 3 Shift; HighBay Lighting 1, 2, and 3 

Shift; Lighting Controls). Changes to overall illumination levels, use of natural lighting, or 

technology improvements to more efficient bulbs or ballasts will decrease the overall lighting 

energy consumption. These measures include upgrades from T12 to T8 systems, T8 to highperformance T8 systems, HID to fluorescent conversions, standard HID to high-efficiency HID 

systems, and occupancy and day lighting controls.

Material Handling (Material Handling Variable Speed Drive (VFD) 1 and 2, Material 

Handling 1 and 2). This measure includes equipment upgrades (such as to VSDs) and enhanced 

system design or practices.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-39

Motor Rewind. This measure follows the Green Motors Practices GroupTM recommendations of 

best practices to maintain original efficiency, commonly called a Green Rewind.74, 75 A failed 

motor can be rewound to a lower efficiency, rewound to maintain the original efficiency, or 

replaced. 

Pump Equipment Upgrade. This measure achieves energy savings through improved pump 

design and sizing.

Pump Improvements (Pump Energy Management, Pump System Optimization). This measure 

involves optimizing the overall pump system with improved system design, enhanced flow 

design, better maintenance practices, and adjustments to system parameters.

Synchronous Belts. This measure contains mating, corresponding grooves in the drive sprocket, 

preventing slip and thus reducing energy losses.

Transformers (New & Retrofit). Energy efficient transformers provide improved power quality 

while minimizing losses.

Whole Plant Improvements (Fan Energy Management, Plant Energy Management, Integrated 

Plant Energy Management, Energy Project Management). These measures include synergistic 

savings of plant-wide energy management and improvements across multiple systems such as 

compressed air, pumping, and fan systems.

 

74 http://www.bpa.gov/energy/n/industrial/Green_motors/

75 http://www.greenmotors.org/downloads/RTFSubmittalMay_08%20_2_.pdf
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B2-40

10. Industrial Gas Measure Descriptions

Boiler Improvements. A boiler generally creates steam or hot water for process or non-process 

applications. Savings are generated by installation of a waste heat boiler to provide direct power 

or use of flue gas heat to preheat boiler feed water.

Boiler Operation and Maintenance. This measure includes analyzing flue gas for proper air/fuel 

ration, establishing maintenance schedules, or reducing excessive boiler blow down.

HVAC Improvements. Many measures can reduce a plants’ HVAC energy consumption, such as

conditioning only space in use, installing timers and/or thermostats, lowering ceilings to reduce 

conditioned space, and installing or upgrading insulation on distribution systems.

HVAC Operation and Maintenance. These measures include sizing air handling 

grills/ducts/coils to minimize air resistance, adjusting vents to minimize energy use, and 

maintaining air filters by cleaning or replacing.

Other Process Improvements/Operation and Maintenance. These measures include upgrading 

obsolete equipment, reducing fluid flow rates, and using optimum size and capacity equipment.

Process Heating Improvements. These measures decrease the energy required for processrelated heating. Examples include optimizing the drying oven schedule, reducing the temperature 

of process equipment when on standby, and modifying equipment to improve the drying process.

Process Heating Operation and Maintenance. These measures improve the a plants overall 

energy efficiency. Examples include repairing faulty insulation, adjusting burners for efficient 

operation, and eliminating leaks in combustible gas lines.

Steam Distribution Systems. These measures include leak elimination and improved duct 

insulation to reduce distribution system loss.
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 39 5 $576 25% 95% $2.41 126

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no

lighting kit)

No Ceiling Fan Per Fan Existing 31 10 $93 85% 35% $0.45 126

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 209 25 $1,598 75% 1% $0.22 16

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 156 25 $1,598 75% 35% $0.30 425

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 3 25 $1,976 40% 95% $29.57 10

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Duct Insulation

Upgrade

R-8 (WA Code) R-4 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 8 20 $534 75% 75% $-6.89 44

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Duct

Sealing -

Aerosol-Based

Spray-in ductwork

sealant to minimize

duct leaks

No Duct Sealing Per Home Existing 20 18 $827 50% 60% $-0.86 54

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 60 30 $1,114 5.0% 95% $-0.32 26

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Programmable

Thermostat

Programmable

Thermostat

Manual Thermostat Per House Existing 14 15 $33 95% 64% $-7.11 91

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Oversized HVAC Unit Per AC Unit Existing 37 15 $5 95% 65% $-2.75 301

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Radiant Barrier

(Ceiling)

Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per Home Existing 23 25 $732 10% 90% $-2.04 19

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Solar Attic Fan Solar electric attic

ventilation

Standard passive

ventilation

Per Home Existing 11 10 $478 25% 95% $6.24 37

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 27 11 $890 10% 95% $1.76 29

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 24 25 $1,694 60% 15% $2.35 19

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Whole-House

Dehumidifier

Whole-House

Dehumidifier

No Dehumidifier Per Home Existing 7 12 $1,372 2.0% 95% $24.61 2

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per Home Existing 59 20 $1,647 50% 95% $3.08 378

Electric Manufactured Cool Central Window Overhang Overhangs over

windows for shading

No window overhangs Per Home Existing 29 25 $204 50% 50% $0.75 79

Electric Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no

lighting kit)

No Ceiling Fan Per Fan Existing 11 10 $93 85% 35% $1.25 35

Electric Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 79 25 $1,598 75% 1% $0.59 5

Electric Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 59 25 $1,598 75% 35% $0.80 151

Electric Manufactured Cool Room Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 1 25 $1,976 40% 95% $86.05 3

Electric Manufactured Cool Room Radiant Barrier

(Ceiling)

Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per Home Existing 8 25 $732 10% 90% $-5.57 6

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-2
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Manufactured Cool Room Room AC conversion

to Ductless Heat

Pump

Ductless Heat Pump

Federal Standard

Room AC Federal

Standard 9.8 EER;

8,000-13,999 Btuh

Per Home Existing 4 20 $2,042 18% 95% $52.73 7

Electric Manufactured Cool Room Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 11 25 $1,694 60% 15% $5.21 8

Electric Manufactured Cool Room Window Overhang Overhangs over

windows for shading

No window overhangs Per Home Existing 10 25 $204 50% 50% $2.07 27

Electric Manufactured Freezer Stand-Alone

Freezer - Removal

Proper Disposal of

Freezer

Existing Non-Efficient

Freezer

Per Home Existing 555 8 $30 54% 100% $0.00 7,049

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 820 5 $576 25% 95% $0.16 6,000

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 44 30 $127 95% 50% $0.29 465

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 4,486 25 $1,598 75% 1% $0.02 736

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 3,546 25 $1,598 75% 35% $0.04 20,299

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 85 25 $1,976 40% 95% $2.55 628

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Conversion Electric

Furnace to ASHP

Air Source Heat Pump

Seer 14 HSPF 8.2

Electric Furnace

HSPF 1

Per Furnace Existing 3,223 20 $6,249 65% 95% $0.20 60,863

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 111 20 $326 25% 95% $0.31 509

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 217 20 $126 85% 75% $0.05 2,657

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 49 6 $25 85% 50% $0.10 397

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Duct Insulation

Upgrade

R-8 (WA Code) R-4 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 402 20 $534 75% 75% $0.13 4,258

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Duct

Sealing -

Aerosol-Based

Spray-in ductwork

sealant to minimize

duct leaks

No Duct Sealing Per Home Existing 440 18 $827 50% 60% $0.21 2,421

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 4,723 25 $1,610 20% 25% $0.02 4,245

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 479 25 $1,610 25% 50% $0.36 1,044

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 121 25 $429 25% 85% $0.38 447

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 299 11 $450 75% 50% $0.21 1,942

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 1,722 30 $1,114 5.0% 15% $0.05 220

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Programmable

Thermostat

Programmable

Thermostat

Manual Thermostat Per House Existing 287 15 $33 95% 52% $0.00 2,850

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Oversized HVAC Unit Per Heater

Unit

Existing 745 15 $430 15% 65% $0.06 1,647

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-3
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 557 11 $890 10% 95% $0.23 1,171

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 2,604 25 $1,694 60% 15% $0.06 3,995

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 517 25 $3,187 50% 85% $0.67 3,636

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 2,518 25 $3,761 50% 15% $0.15 3,035

Electric Manufactured Heat

Central

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 3,080 25 $3,761 50% 5% $0.12 1,209

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 409 5 $576 25% 95% $0.34 840

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 24 30 $127 95% 50% $0.54 87

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no

lighting kit)

No Ceiling Fan Per Fan Existing 38 10 $93 85% 35% $0.37 99

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 2,047 25 $1,598 75% 1% $0.07 115

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 1,437 25 $1,598 75% 35% $0.11 2,839

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 45 25 $1,976 40% 95% $4.77 119

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Check Me! O&M

Tune-up

Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up

Maintenance

Per Heat

Pump Unit

Existing 43 5 $204 95% 75% $1.16 269

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 45 20 $326 25% 95% $0.80 72

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 89 20 $126 85% 75% $0.15 384

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 27 6 $25 85% 50% $0.20 77

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Duct Insulation

Upgrade

R-8 (WA Code) R-4 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 329 20 $534 75% 75% $0.17 1,235

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Duct

Sealing -

Aerosol-Based

Spray-in ductwork

sealant to minimize

duct leaks

No Duct Sealing Per Home Existing 292 18 $827 50% 60% $0.32 558

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 1,731 25 $1,610 20% 25% $0.09 539

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 160 25 $1,610 25% 50% $1.10 122

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 40 25 $429 25% 85% $1.17 51

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 164 11 $450 75% 50% $0.40 373

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 859 30 $1,114 5.0% 95% $0.12 243

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-4
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat

Programmable

Thermostat

Manual Thermostat Per House Existing 143 15 $33 95% 64% $0.02 617

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Oversized HVAC Unit Per Heat

Pump

Existing 385 15 $5 95% 65% $-0.01 1,996

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Solar Attic Fan Solar electric attic

ventilation

Standard passive

ventilation

Per Home Existing 14 10 $478 25% 95% $5.12 29

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 278 11 $890 10% 95% $0.47 203

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 1,289 25 $1,694 60% 15% $0.13 685

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Whole-House

Dehumidifier

Whole-House

Dehumidifier

No Dehumidifier Per Home Existing 4 12 $1,372 2.0% 95% $48.01 0.67

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per Home Existing 72 20 $1,647 50% 95% $2.52 299

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Window Overhang Overhangs over

windows for shading

No window overhangs Per Home Existing 36 25 $204 50% 50% $0.61 69

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 203 25 $3,187 50% 85% $1.72 496

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 871 25 $3,761 50% 15% $0.47 366

Electric Manufactured Heat Pump Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 1,163 25 $3,761 50% 5% $0.35 160

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 40 30 $127 95% 50% $0.32 56

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 3,712 25 $1,598 75% 1% $0.03 82

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 2,936 25 $1,598 75% 35% $0.05 2,268

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 70 25 $1,976 40% 95% $3.08 70

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Conversion Baseboard

Heating to DHP

Ductless Heat Pump

HSPF 7.7

Baseboard Heating

HSPF = 1

Per Home Existing 2,098 20 $2,042 15% 95% $0.09 899

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 93 20 $326 25% 95% $0.38 57

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 181 20 $126 85% 75% $0.06 298

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 44 6 $25 85% 50% $0.11 48

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 4,570 25 $1,610 20% 25% $0.02 579

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 440 25 $1,610 25% 50% $0.39 134

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 111 25 $429 25% 85% $0.41 57

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 274 11 $450 75% 50% $0.23 249

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-5
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 2,166 25 $1,694 60% 15% $0.07 465

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 431 25 $3,187 50% 85% $0.81 424

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 2,090 25 $3,761 50% 15% $0.19 352

Electric Manufactured Heat Room Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 2,558 25 $3,761 50% 5% $0.15 140

Electric Manufactured Lighting

Exterior

Time Clocks (Exterior

Lighting)

Exterior Lighting on a

Time Clock

Exterior Lighting

(Manual Control)

Per Home Existing 8 10 $16 80% 85% $0.29 315

Electric Manufactured Lighting

Interior

Standard

Occupancy Sensors Wall-Switch

Occupancy Sensors

No Occupancy Sensor Per Sensor Existing 1 10 $32 20% 95% $4.17 68

Electric Manufactured Plug Load

Other

Battery Chargers,

ENERGY STAR

ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Standard Battery

Chargers

Per Device Existing 12 7 $4 50% 80% $0.07 321

Electric Manufactured Plug Load

Other

Smart Strip Smart Strip Standard Power Strip 1 Computer or

1 for TV

Existing 43 4 $21 50% 85% $0.14 1,180

Electric Manufactured Refrigerator Refrigerator/Freezer -

Removal of Secondary

Proper Disposal of

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing Non-Efficient

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Home Existing 481 9 $30 24% 100% $0.00 7,702

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes

Washer - Electric

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 237 14 $80 10% 99% $0.04 59

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 101 14 $209 100% 95% $-0.22 219

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 12 12 $36 95% 50% $0.39 14

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drain Water Heat

Recovery (GFX)

Gravity Film Heat

Exchanger

No Heat Exchanger Per Home Existing 363 40 $540 29% 90% $0.14 230

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 99 9 $2 95% 15% $-0.00 35

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 105 9 $2 50% 95% $-0.00 127

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 38 5 $23 95% 75% $0.15 69

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 364 10 $53 95% 85% $-0.02 530

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 211 10 $34 95% 5% $-0.01 18

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

CO2 Heat Pump

Water Heater

CO2 Heat Pump

Water Heater

Federal Standard 2004

Storage Water

Heater - EF 0.871

Per Unit Each Existing 2,699 15 $6,287 5.0% 100% $0.29 4,251

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes

Washer - Electric

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 237 14 $80 10% 99% $0.04 740

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 101 14 $209 100% 95% $-0.22 2,721

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 12 12 $36 71% 50% $0.39 132

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-6
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drain Water Heat

Recovery (GFX)

Gravity Film Heat

Exchanger

No Heat Exchanger Per Home Existing 358 40 $540 29% 90% $0.14 2,817

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 99 9 $2 95% 15% $-0.00 445

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 105 9 $2 50% 95% $-0.00 1,576

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 38 5 $23 95% 75% $0.15 845

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 364 10 $53 95% 85% $-0.02 6,575

Electric Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 211 10 $34 95% 5% $-0.01 225

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no

lighting kit)

No Ceiling Fan Per Fan Existing 21 10 $93 85% 50% $0.68 193

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 50 25 $456 50% 50% $-2.63 216

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 19 25 $456 50% 50% $-6.80 79

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Ceiling Insulation R-49 (Above WA

Code - Multi Family

Only)

R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 1 25 $73 15% 95% $-148.19 2

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Oversized HVAC Unit Per AC Unit Existing 25 15 $5 95% 65% $-5.79 330

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Radiant Barrier

(Ceiling)

Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per Home Existing 16 30 $261 50% 90% $-10.37 115

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Solar Attic Fan Solar electric attic

ventilation

Standard passive

ventilation

Per Home Existing 8 10 $478 2.5% 95% $9.32 4

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Whole-House

Dehumidifier

Whole-House

Dehumidifier

No Dehumidifier Per Home Existing 5 12 $1,372 2.0% 95% $36.79 2

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per Home Existing 40 20 $1,647 50% 95% $4.61 404

Electric Multifamily Cool Central Window Overhang Overhangs over

windows for shading

No window overhangs Per Home Existing 37 30 $204 50% 50% $0.57 166

Electric Multifamily Cool Room Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no

lighting kit)

No Ceiling Fan Per Fan Existing 7 10 $93 85% 50% $1.97 56

Electric Multifamily Cool Room Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 25 25 $456 50% 50% $-5.26 104

Electric Multifamily Cool Room Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 10 25 $456 50% 50% $-12.86 39

Electric Multifamily Cool Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (Above WA

Code - Multi Family

Only)

R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 0.64 25 $73 15% 95% $-271.94 1

Electric Multifamily Cool Room Radiant Barrier

(Ceiling)

Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per Home Existing 5 30 $261 50% 90% $-29.78 37

Electric Multifamily Cool Room Room AC conversion

to Ductless Heat

Pump

Ductless Heat Pump

Federal Standard

Room AC Federal

Standard 9.8 EER;

8,000-13,999 Btuh

Per Home Existing 2 20 $1,439 9.6% 95% $58.46 4

Electric Multifamily Cool Room Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 0.07 25 $1,011 60% 15% $-918.36 0.10

Electric Multifamily Cool Room Window Overhang Overhangs over

windows for shading

No window overhangs Per Home Existing 13 30 $204 50% 50% $1.66 55

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 30 30 $50 95% 50% $0.17 277

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 947 25 $456 50% 50% $0.04 4,594

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 364 25 $456 50% 50% $0.13 1,702

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-7
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (Above WA

Code - Multi Family

Only)

R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 21 25 $73 15% 95% $0.36 57

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Conversion Electric

Furnace to ASHP

Air Source Heat Pump

Seer 14 HSPF 8.2

Electric Furnace

HSPF 1

Per Furnace Existing 1,329 20 $5,071 35% 95% $0.42 9,201

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 42 6 $25 95% 50% $0.12 374

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 2,245 25 $579 20% 25% $0.02 2,052

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 226 25 $579 25% 50% $0.27 507

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 272 25 $154 25% 85% $0.05 1,033

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 378 11 $358 75% 50% $0.13 2,522

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Oversized HVAC Unit Per Heater

Unit

Existing 537 15 $430 15% 65% $0.09 1,026

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 2,136 25 $1,011 60% 15% $0.04 3,357

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 632 25 $2,272 30% 85% $0.39 2,712

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 2,540 25 $2,682 30% 15% $0.10 1,869

Electric Multifamily Heat

Central

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 3,066 25 $2,682 30% 5% $0.08 738

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 12 30 $50 95% 50% $0.44 8

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no

lighting kit)

No Ceiling Fan Per Fan Existing 37 10 $93 85% 50% $0.38 25

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 535 25 $456 50% 50% $0.08 190

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 203 25 $456 50% 50% $0.24 68

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation R-49 (Above WA

Code - Multi Family

Only)

R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 12 25 $73 15% 95% $0.66 2

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Check Me! O&M

Tune-up

Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up

Maintenance

Per Heat

Pump Unit

Existing 42 5 $204 95% 75% $1.20 47

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 17 6 $25 95% 50% $0.31 10

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 179 25 $579 25% 50% $0.35 29

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 215 25 $154 25% 85% $0.07 60

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 149 11 $358 75% 50% $0.35 72

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Oversized HVAC Unit Per Heat

Pump

Existing 273 15 $5 95% 65% $-0.01 261

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Solar Attic Fan Solar electric attic

ventilation

Standard passive

ventilation

Per Home Existing 14 10 $478 2.5% 95% $5.28 0.52

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 762 25 $1,011 60% 15% $0.14 87

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Whole-House

Dehumidifier

Whole-House

Dehumidifier

No Dehumidifier Per Home Existing 2 12 $1,372 2.0% 95% $67.74 0.08

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per Home Existing 70 20 $1,647 50% 95% $2.60 52

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Window Overhang Overhangs over

windows for shading

No window overhangs Per Home Existing 65 30 $204 50% 50% $0.32 23

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-8
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 144 25 $2,272 30% 85% $1.74 45

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 745 25 $2,682 30% 15% $0.39 41

Electric Multifamily Heat Pump Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 985 25 $2,682 30% 5% $0.29 17

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 24 30 $50 95% 50% $0.20 1,225

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 1,048 25 $456 50% 50% $0.04 27,180

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 407 25 $456 50% 50% $0.11 9,969

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (Above WA

Code - Multi Family

Only)

R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 24 25 $73 15% 95% $0.32 335

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Conversion Baseboard

Heating to DHP

Ductless Heat Pump

HSPF 7.7

Baseboard Heating

HSPF = 1

Per Home Existing 1,479 20 $1,439 66% 95% $0.10 121,021

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 35 6 $25 95% 50% $0.15 1,619

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 1,795 25 $579 20% 25% $0.02 8,498

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 179 25 $579 25% 50% $0.35 2,083

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 216 25 $154 25% 85% $0.07 4,241

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 313 11 $358 75% 50% $0.16 10,776

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 1,555 25 $1,011 60% 15% $0.06 12,585

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 458 25 $2,272 30% 85% $0.54 10,086

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 1,835 25 $2,682 30% 15% $0.15 6,916

Electric Multifamily Heat Room Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 2,216 25 $2,682 30% 5% $0.12 2,729

Electric Multifamily Lighting

Exterior

Time Clocks (Exterior

Lighting)

Exterior Lighting on a

Time Clock

Exterior Lighting

(Manual Control)

Per Home Existing 8 10 $16 80% 85% $0.29 835

Electric Multifamily Lighting

Interior

Standard

Occupancy Sensors Wall-Switch

Occupancy Sensors

No Occupancy Sensor Per Sensor Existing 1 10 $32 20% 95% $4.40 180

Electric Multifamily Plug Load

Other

Battery Chargers,

ENERGY STAR

ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Standard Battery

Chargers

Per Device Existing 5 7 $4 50% 80% $0.17 461

Electric Multifamily Plug Load

Other

Smart Strip Smart Strip Standard Power Strip 1 Computer or

1 for TV

Existing 43 4 $21 50% 85% $0.14 3,797

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes

Washer - Electric

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 237 14 $80 10% 99% $0.04 153

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

1 (MEF

2.0 - 2.19) - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 66 14 $35 15% 87% $-0.22 56

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

2 (MEF

2.2 - 2.45) - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 98 14 $102 15% 95% $-0.16 91

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 123 14 $209 15% 99% $-0.18 119

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-9
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Electric

DHW & Dryer

RTF Market Standard

2018 Clothes

Washer - MEF 2.36

and WF 4.1 (Electric

DHW & Dryer)

Per Unit Each Existing 23 14 $75 15% 95% $0.02 17

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 12 12 $36 95% 50% $0.39 36

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 121 9 $2 95% 15% $-0.00 112

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 128 9 $2 50% 95% $-0.00 399

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 38 5 $23 95% 75% $0.15 173

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 380 10 $45 95% 85% $-0.02 1,424

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 221 10 $29 95% 5% $-0.01 48

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes

Washer - Electric

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 237 14 $80 10% 99% $0.04 1,881

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

1 (MEF

2.0 - 2.19) - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 66 14 $35 15% 87% $-0.22 687

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

2 (MEF

2.2 - 2.45) - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 98 14 $102 15% 95% $-0.16 1,123

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 123 14 $209 15% 99% $-0.18 1,468

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Electric

DHW & Dryer

RTF Market Standard

2018 Clothes

Washer - MEF 2.36

and WF 4.1 (Electric

DHW & Dryer)

Per Unit Each Existing 23 14 $75 15% 95% $0.02 217

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 12 12 $36 58% 50% $0.39 273

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 121 9 $2 95% 15% $-0.00 1,382

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 128 9 $2 50% 95% $-0.00 4,896

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 38 5 $23 95% 75% $0.15 2,101

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 380 10 $45 95% 85% $-0.02 17,459

Electric Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 221 10 $29 95% 5% $-0.01 597

Electric Single Family Cool Central Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 64 5 $576 50% 95% $-1.11 4,415

Electric Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no

lighting kit)

No Ceiling Fan Per Fan Existing 51 10 $93 85% 50% $0.28 3,160

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-10
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 169 45 $1,332 95% 1% $-3.15 170

Electric Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 63 45 $1,332 75% 35% $-8.41 1,758

Electric Single Family Cool Central Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 2 45 $315 75% 95% $-317.08 146

Electric Single Family Cool Central Duct Insulation

Upgrade

R-8 (WA Code) R-4 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 28 20 $1,336 75% 75% $-13.38 1,668

Electric Single Family Cool Central Duct

Sealing -

Aerosol-Based

Spray-in ductwork

sealant to minimize

duct leaks

No Duct Sealing Per Home Existing 16 18 $827 50% 60% $-25.14 495

Electric Single Family Cool Central Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 98 30 $1,114 5.0% 95% $-5.06 465

Electric Single Family Cool Central Programmable

Thermostat

Programmable

Thermostat

Manual Thermostat Per House Existing 22 15 $33 95% 63% $-20.36 1,509

Electric Single Family Cool Central Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Oversized HVAC Unit Per AC Unit Existing 61 15 $5 95% 65% $-7.64 5,155

Electric Single Family Cool Central Radiant Barrier

(Ceiling)

Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per Home Existing 38 30 $610 50% 90% $-14.25 1,720

Electric Single Family Cool Central Solar Attic Fan Solar electric attic

ventilation

Standard passive

ventilation

Per Home Existing 19 10 $478 25% 95% $3.84 662

Electric Single Family Cool Central Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 44 11 $890 10% 95% $-5.78 504

Electric Single Family Cool Central Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 25 45 $3,094 60% 15% $-13.88 222

Electric Single Family Cool Central Whole-House

Dehumidifier

Whole-House

Dehumidifier

No Dehumidifier Per Home Existing 12 12 $1,372 2.0% 95% $15.16 35

Electric Single Family Cool Central Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per Home Existing 97 20 $1,647 50% 95% $1.89 6,623

Electric Single Family Cool Central Window Overhang Overhangs over

windows for shading

No window overhangs Per Home Existing 90 30 $204 50% 50% $0.23 2,481

Electric Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no

lighting kit)

No Ceiling Fan Per Fan Existing 18 10 $93 85% 50% $0.77 333

Electric Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 79 45 $1,332 95% 1% $-6.77 28

Electric Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 34 45 $1,332 75% 35% $-15.62 344

Electric Single Family Cool Room Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 0.86 45 $315 75% 95% $-732.68 22

Electric Single Family Cool Room Radiant Barrier

(Ceiling)

Install Radiant Barrier No Radiant Barrier Per Home Existing 14 30 $610 50% 90% $-39.00 235

Electric Single Family Cool Room Room AC conversion

to Ductless Heat

Pump

Ductless Heat Pump

Federal Standard

Room AC Federal

Standard 9.8 EER;

8,000-13,999 Btuh

Per Home Existing 7 20 $3,407 7.6% 95% $54.30 20

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-11
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Single Family Cool Room Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 13 45 $3,094 60% 15% $-26.48 43

Electric Single Family Cool Room Window Overhang Overhangs over

windows for shading

No window overhangs Per Home Existing 33 30 $204 50% 50% $0.65 330

Electric Single Family Freezer Stand-Alone

Freezer - Removal

Proper Disposal of

Freezer

Existing Non-Efficient

Freezer

Per Home Existing 555 8 $30 56% 100% $0.00 71,177

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 1,527 5 $576 50% 95% $0.08 20,900

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 117 30 $203 95% 50% $0.17 1,275

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 2,328 45 $1,332 95% 1% $0.04 503

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 917 45 $1,332 75% 35% $0.13 5,473

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 26 45 $315 75% 95% $1.19 416

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Conversion Electric

Furnace to ASHP

Air Source Heat Pump

Seer 14 HSPF 8.2

Electric Furnace

HSPF 1

Per Furnace Existing 3,073 20 $6,835 74% 95% $0.23 62,205

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 119 20 $200 25% 95% $0.17 630

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 234 20 $126 85% 75% $0.05 3,326

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 81 6 $25 85% 50% $0.06 766

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Duct Insulation

Upgrade

R-8 (WA Code) R-4 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 1,114 20 $1,336 75% 75% $0.12 13,809

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Duct

Sealing -

Aerosol-Based

Spray-in ductwork

sealant to minimize

duct leaks

No Duct Sealing Per Home Existing 849 18 $827 50% 60% $0.10 5,388

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 5,267 45 $1,621 20% 25% $0.01 5,454

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 510 45 $1,621 25% 50% $0.30 1,299

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 614 45 $426 25% 85% $0.05 2,645

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 836 11 $596 75% 50% $0.09 6,321

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 3,208 30 $1,114 5.0% 15% $0.02 475

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Programmable

Thermostat

Programmable

Thermostat

Manual Thermostat Per House Existing 536 15 $33 95% 28% $-0.01 2,949

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Oversized HVAC Unit Per Heater

Unit

Existing 1,151 15 $430 15% 65% $0.03 2,622

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-12
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 1,038 11 $890 10% 95% $0.12 2,269

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 6,019 45 $3,094 60% 15% $0.03 10,683

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 1,286 45 $5,316 50% 75% $0.40 9,140

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 5,487 45 $6,274 50% 15% $0.10 7,530

Electric Single Family Heat

Central

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 6,665 45 $6,274 50% 5% $0.08 2,966

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 674 5 $576 50% 95% $0.20 8,732

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 46 30 $203 95% 50% $0.45 509

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Fan Ceiling Fan (no

lighting kit)

No Ceiling Fan Per Fan Existing 75 10 $93 85% 50% $0.18 873

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 1,111 45 $1,332 95% 1% $0.10 242

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 432 45 $1,332 75% 35% $0.29 2,606

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 12 45 $315 75% 95% $2.55 196

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Check Me! O&M

Tune-up

Tune-up/Maintenance No Tune-up

Maintenance

Per Heat

Pump Unit

Existing 84 5 $204 95% 75% $0.59 1,648

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 44 20 $200 25% 95% $0.49 239

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 89 20 $126 85% 75% $0.15 1,279

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 32 6 $25 85% 50% $0.16 306

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Duct Insulation

Upgrade

R-8 (WA Code) R-4 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 496 20 $1,336 75% 75% $0.29 6,215

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Duct

Sealing -

Aerosol-Based

Spray-in ductwork

sealant to minimize

duct leaks

No Duct Sealing Per Home Existing 476 18 $827 50% 60% $0.19 3,049

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 183 45 $1,621 25% 50% $0.87 479

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 220 45 $426 25% 85% $0.18 977

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 325 11 $596 75% 50% $0.26 2,523

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 1,416 30 $1,114 5.0% 95% $0.07 1,366

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-13
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat

Programmable

Thermostat

Manual Thermostat Per House Existing 236 15 $33 95% 63% $0.01 3,056

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Proper Sizing - HVAC

Unit

Oversized HVAC Unit Per Heat

Pump

Existing 635 15 $5 95% 65% $-0.01 10,098

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Solar Attic Fan Solar electric attic

ventilation

Standard passive

ventilation

Per Home Existing 28 10 $478 25% 95% $2.63 183

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 458 11 $890 10% 95% $0.28 1,028

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 2,270 45 $3,094 60% 15% $0.12 4,110

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Whole-House

Dehumidifier

Whole-House

Dehumidifier

No Dehumidifier Per Home Existing 18 12 $1,372 2.0% 95% $10.41 9

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Whole-House Fan Whole-House Fan No Whole-House Fan Per Home Existing 141 20 $1,647 50% 95% $1.29 1,830

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Window Overhang Overhangs over

windows for shading

No window overhangs Per Home Existing 131 30 $204 50% 50% $0.15 764

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 335 45 $5,316 50% 75% $1.56 2,456

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 1,562 45 $6,274 50% 15% $0.39 2,241

Electric Single Family Heat Pump Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 2,092 45 $6,274 50% 5% $0.28 983

Electric Single Family Heat Room Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 101 30 $203 95% 50% $0.20 1,485

Electric Single Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 2,499 45 $1,332 95% 1% $0.04 727

Electric Single Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 992 45 $1,332 75% 35% $0.12 7,961

Electric Single Family Heat Room Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 28 45 $315 75% 95% $1.09 604

Electric Single Family Heat Room Conversion Baseboard

Heating to DHP

Ductless Heat Pump

HSPF 7.7

Baseboard Heating

HSPF = 1

Per Home Existing 3,500 20 $3,407 27% 95% $0.09 29,467

Electric Single Family Heat Room Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 94 20 $200 25% 95% $0.22 670

Electric Single Family Heat Room Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 186 20 $126 85% 75% $0.06 3,538

Electric Single Family Heat Room Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 70 6 $25 85% 50% $0.07 886

Electric Single Family Heat Room Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 4,431 45 $1,621 20% 25% $0.02 6,496

Electric Single Family Heat Room Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 427 45 $1,621 25% 50% $0.36 1,536

Electric Single Family Heat Room Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 514 45 $426 25% 85% $0.07 3,127

Electric Single Family Heat Room Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 724 11 $596 75% 50% $0.11 7,739

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-14
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Single Family Heat Room Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 4,779 45 $3,094 60% 15% $0.05 11,983

Electric Single Family Heat Room Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 1,023 45 $5,316 50% 75% $0.50 10,262

Electric Single Family Heat Room Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 4,350 45 $6,274 50% 15% $0.13 8,414

Electric Single Family Heat Room Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 5,285 45 $6,274 50% 5% $0.10 3,313

Electric Single Family Lighting

Exterior

Time Clocks (Exterior

Lighting)

Exterior Lighting on a

Time Clock

Exterior Lighting

(Manual Control)

Per Home Existing 8 10 $16 80% 85% $0.29 5,408

Electric Single Family Lighting

Interior

Standard

Occupancy Sensors Wall-Switch

Occupancy Sensors

No Occupancy Sensor Per Sensor Existing 1 10 $32 20% 95% $3.76 1,168

Electric Single Family Plug Load

Other

Battery Chargers,

ENERGY STAR

ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Standard Battery

Chargers

Per Device Existing 13 7 $4 50% 80% $0.07 3,233

Electric Single Family Plug Load

Other

Smart Strip Smart Strip Standard Power Strip 1 Computer or

1 for TV

Existing 43 4 $21 50% 85% $0.14 11,178

Electric Single Family Pool Pump Pool Pump Timers Pool Pump Timers Pool Pump No Timers Per Pool Existing 291 10 $56 95% 50% $0.02 1,008

Electric Single Family Refrigerator Refrigerator/Freezer -

Removal of Secondary

Proper Disposal of

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing Non-Efficient

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Home Existing 481 9 $30 46% 100% $0.00 164,417

Electric Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes

Washer - Electric

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 237 14 $80 10% 99% $0.04 235

Electric Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 135 14 $209 99% 95% $-0.17 1,158

Electric Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 12 12 $36 95% 50% $0.39 55

Electric Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drain Water Heat

Recovery (GFX)

Gravity Film Heat

Exchanger

No Heat Exchanger Per Home Existing 363 40 $540 29% 90% $0.14 873

Electric Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 142 9 $4 95% 15% $-0.00 202

Electric Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 201 9 $4 67% 95% $-0.00 1,277

Electric Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 38 5 $23 95% 75% $0.15 265

Electric Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 620 10 $68 95% 85% $-0.01 3,560

Electric Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 361 10 $44 95% 5% $-0.00 121

Electric Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes

Washer - Electric

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 237 14 $80 10% 99% $0.04 2,916

Electric Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Electric

DHW & Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Electric

DHW & Dryer

Per Home Existing 135 14 $209 99% 95% $-0.17 14,362

Electric Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 12 12 $36 71% 50% $0.39 520

Electric Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drain Water Heat

Recovery (GFX)

Gravity Film Heat

Exchanger

No Heat Exchanger Per Home Existing 358 40 $540 29% 90% $0.14 10,691

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-15
Table B-2.1. Residential Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 142 9 $4 95% 15% $-0.00 2,516

Electric Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 201 9 $4 67% 95% $-0.00 15,844

Electric Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 38 5 $23 95% 75% $0.15 3,247

Electric Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 620 10 $68 95% 85% $-0.01 44,147

Electric Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 361 10 $44 95% 5% $-0.00 1,511

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-16
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,169 15 $2,875 25% 94% $0.16 1,561

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,712 7 $2,267 90% 85% $0.16 4,711

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 6,509 15 $34,959 15% 67% $0.68 1,969

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 3,254 10 $9,780 10% 80% $0.47 754

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 5,424 15 $23,958 50% 94% $0.56 7,250

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,254 5 $11,057 10% 59% $0.85 483

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,254 5 $2,687 50% 80% $0.20 2,589

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 542 18 $2,760 45% 65% $0.59 376

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 2,169 5 $2,760 10% 75% $0.32 466

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,775 40 $95,346 3.5% 98% $5.42 143

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,055 12.5 $322 10% 39% $0.04 95

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 98 25 $16,780 75% 85% $18.85 147

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1 25 $4,734 25% 98% $484.80 0.61

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 911 20 $2,224 75% 59% $0.27 936

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 650 10 $779 95% 26% $0.18 364

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 167 30 $2,386 75% 55% $1.51 156

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 2,079 10 $1,455 90% 66% $0.11 25

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,737 25 $27,894 15% 80% $1.13 672

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.68 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,328 25 $60,038 15% 80% $2.86 562

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,281 15 $2,875 25% 94% $0.15 316

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 4,176 7 $2,267 90% 85% $0.10 1,555

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 5,346 15 $34,959 15% 67% $0.82 314

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 5,012 5 $11,057 10% 59% $0.55 169

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 5,012 5 $2,687 50% 80% $0.13 909

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-17
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 835 18 $2,760 45% 65% $0.38 132

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,590 14 $10,430 5.0% 94% $0.86 40

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,866 40 $95,346 3.5% 98% $5.15 34

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 3,097 15 $24,113 3.8% 95% $9.20 47

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,546 12.5 $322 10% 39% $0.02 31

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,531 25 $16,780 75% 85% $0.73 859

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 245 25 $16,780 75% 83% $7.58 77

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 91 25 $4,734 25% 98% $5.77 11

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 1,403 20 $2,224 75% 59% $0.17 311

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 888 25 $8,846 35% 90% $1.10 138

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 175 25 $2,729 35% 90% $1.72 27

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,103 25 $10,857 10% 35% $1.08 18

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 1,002 10 $779 95% 26% $0.11 120

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 93 30 $1,294 75% 55% $1.47 18

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 2,079 10 $1,455 90% 66% $0.10 5

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,476 25 $27,894 15% 80% $1.24 130

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.68 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,632 25 $60,038 15% 80% $2.52 137

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 1,077 9.5 $299 20% 95% $0.03 1,550

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 690 8 $106 75% 70% $0.02 1,034

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 1,161 8 $365 90% 75% $0.05 5,502

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 672 13.69863 $135 75% 95% $0.02 155

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 582 18.666667 $786 47% 95% $0.15 1,854

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 622 8 $169 10% 81% $0.04 325

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 1,225 9 $618 10% 75% $0.08 496

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Continuous,

Fluorescent Fixtures

Continuous Dimming,

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 3,340 8 $7,761 30% 84% $0.41 4,987

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 5,067 8 $979 45% 56% $0.03 7,138

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-18
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 2,714 8 $741 10% 86% $0.04 1,335

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 898 8 $979 45% 56% $0.19 1,449

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 481 8 $131 10% 86% $0.04 271

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 832 16 $138 95% 50% $0.01 2,851

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 302 13 $258 95% 98% $0.11 2,032

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 158 5 $17 70% 94% $0.02 201

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 1,725 8 $979 45% 56% $0.10 802

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 924 8 $251 10% 86% $0.04 150

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 6 7 $2 20% 20% $0.07 1

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 66 10 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 90

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 158 4 $2 95% 86% $0.00 130

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 17 6 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 23

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 230 4 $57 60% 90% $0.07 895

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $130 25% 100% $0.04 750

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,322 15 $2,875 25% 94% $0.14 726

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,903 7 $2,267 90% 85% $0.14 1,932

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 3,019 15 $34,959 15% 67% $1.45 397

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,483 5 $11,057 10% 59% $0.78 262

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,483 5 $2,687 50% 80% $0.18 1,406

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 580 18 $2,760 45% 65% $0.54 204

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 2,322 5 $2,760 10% 75% $0.28 223

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 3,483 14 $10,430 5.0% 94% $0.38 195

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 2,258 12.5 $322 10% 39% $0.00 103

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-19
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 5,341 25 $16,780 75% 85% $0.33 4,015

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 492 25 $16,780 75% 83% $3.76 308

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 476 25 $4,734 25% 98% $1.08 115

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 975 20 $2,224 75% 59% $0.24 424

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 5,287 25 $8,846 35% 90% $0.17 1,615

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 984 25 $2,729 35% 90% $0.29 279

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 10,659 25 $10,857 10% 35% $0.09 331

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 696 10 $779 95% 26% $0.16 149

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.68 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 363 25 $60,038 15% 80% $18.33 34

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Vending

Machines

Vending Miser Passive Infrared

Sensor on Vending

Machine Monitoring

Vacancy of Area And

Cycles

Cooling - Controls

No Vending Miser - No

controls

Per Building Existing 1,796 3 $169 5.0% 25% $0.03 3

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Ventilation

And

Circulation

Automated Exhaust

VFD Control - Parking

Garage CO sensor

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Building Existing 13,000 10 $1,410 1.0% 85% $0.01 336

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Ventilation

And

Circulation

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 3,746 15 $34,959 15% 67% $1.18 2,401

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 318 15 $76 95% 76% $0.02 1,433

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 7,960 20 $1,280 65% 75% $0.01 24,104

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - VAV Box High

Efficiency (ECM)

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 1,638 15 $4,200 5.0% 77% $0.32 340

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 203 7 $57 65% 25% $0.05 179

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 165 10 $3,194 75% 94% $3.01 261

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 14 12 $44 24% 25% $0.43 1

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 678 25 $1,250 5.0% 92% $0.20 65

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 127 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.03 204

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 44 9 $3 95% 25% $-0.06 23

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 33 12 $25 80% 90% $0.11 50

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 82 10 $317 75% 95% $0.53 132

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-20
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 162 10 $3,194 75% 94% $3.07 252

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 14 12 $44 24% 25% $0.43 1

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 678 25 $1,250 5.0% 92% $0.20 63

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 125 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.03 196

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 43 9 $3 95% 25% $-0.06 22

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 32 12 $25 80% 90% $0.11 49

Electric Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 81 10 $317 75% 95% $0.54 127

Electric Grocery Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 622 12 $105 90% 90% $0.02 112

Electric Grocery Cooking Fryers - New CEE

Efficient Electric Deep

Fat Fryers

15 inch width Deep

Fryer CEE 2006

rating: 80% under

heavy load, Less than

1000 watt at idle

15 inch width standard

electric deep fat fryers

Per Building Existing 28 12 $38 35% 35% $0.19 0.78

Electric Grocery Cooking Griddle 70% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 321 12 $112 95% 35% $0.04 23

Electric Grocery Cooking Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

ENERGY STAR Hot

Food Holding Cabinet

Non ENERGY STAR

Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

Per Building Existing 759 12 $484 55% 21% $0.08 19

Electric Grocery Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 237 12 $28 5.0% 35% $0.01 1

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 6,872 7 $6,308 90% 85% $0.18 846

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 8,247 10 $18,145 10% 90% $0.34 155

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 13,745 15 $66,664 50% 94% $0.61 1,330

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 8,247 5 $30,771 10% 61% $0.93 91

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 8,247 5 $7,477 50% 80% $0.23 474

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 1,374 18 $7,679 45% 65% $0.65 69

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 5,498 5 $5,120 10% 75% $0.23 85

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 657 10 $3,499 64% 85% $0.83 228

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 4,659 40 $74,689 3.5% 98% $5.95 26

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 2,096 12.5 $635 10% 39% $0.04 13

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 250 25 $48,345 75% 10% $21.44 3

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 2 25 $13,637 25% 85% $551.15 0.09

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-21
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 2,309 20 $6,192 75% 60% $0.30 171

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 1,649 10 $754 95% 31% $0.07 77

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 52 30 $2,494 75% 55% $5.03 3

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 4,267 10 $2,876 90% 66% $0.10 3

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 6,937 25 $55,125 15% 85% $0.88 128

Electric Grocery Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 6,071 25 $18,650 15% 85% $2.17 110

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 18,273 7 $6,308 90% 85% $0.06 526

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 21,928 5 $30,771 10% 61% $0.35 59

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 21,928 5 $7,477 50% 80% $0.08 310

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 3,654 18 $7,679 45% 65% $0.24 45

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 13,968 14 $29,025 5.0% 94% $0.27 27

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 1,795 10 $3,499 64% 85% $0.30 149

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 4,496 40 $74,689 3.5% 98% $6.16 6

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 7,206 15 $15,748 3.8% 95% $7.33 8

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 10,649 12.5 $635 10% 39% $0.00 16

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 21,873 25 $48,345 75% 10% $0.24 66

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,189 25 $48,345 75% 70% $2.45 46

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1,272 25 $13,637 25% 85% $1.18 10

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 6,139 20 $6,192 75% 60% $0.11 109

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 16,614 25 $25,490 35% 45% $0.16 101

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 3,236 25 $7,862 35% 45% $0.26 19

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 18,069 25 $27,368 10% 35% $0.16 24

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 4,385 10 $754 95% 31% $0.02 48

Electric Grocery Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 253 30 $5,313 75% 55% $2.21 3

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Standard Refrigeration

System

Per Building Existing 39,470 15 $7,807 25% 95% $0.02 418

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 4,267 10 $2,876 90% 66% $0.10 0.86

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,168 25 $55,125 15% 85% $1.93 13

Electric Grocery Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 6,742 25 $18,650 15% 85% $1.95 29

Electric Grocery Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 2,997 9.5 $834 20% 95% $0.03 238

Electric Grocery Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 1,172 8 $179 75% 70% $0.02 150

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-22
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Grocery Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 3,057 8 $545 90% 75% $0.03 799

Electric Grocery Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 1,141 13.69863 $227 75% 95% $0.02 22

Electric Grocery Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 1,619 18.666667 $2,186 47% 95% $0.15 285

Electric Grocery Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 1,638 8 $449 10% 81% $0.04 47

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 5,156 9 $1,720 75% 75% $0.05 884

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Continuous,

Fluorescent Fixtures

Continuous Dimming,

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 13,562 8 $13,172 30% 96% $0.17 1,343

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

Fluorescent

Refrigeration Case

Per Building Existing 40,036 6 $14,857 95% 80% $0.06 13,222

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 20,569 8 $2,725 45% 57% $0.02 1,717

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 11,019 8 $3,011 10% 81% $0.04 295

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 2,948 8 $2,725 45% 57% $0.16 270

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 1,579 8 $433 10% 81% $0.04 46

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 1,063 16 $176 95% 50% $0.01 201

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 386 13 $330 95% 98% $0.11 143

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 149 5 $9 70% 94% $0.01 14

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 3,267 8 $2,725 45% 57% $0.14 114

Electric Grocery Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 1,750 8 $478 10% 81% $0.04 19

Electric Grocery Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 27 7 $9 20% 20% $0.06 0.44

Electric Grocery Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 63 10 $3 95% 20% $0.00 4

Electric Grocery Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 440 4 $3 95% 86% $-0.00 30

Electric Grocery Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 16 6 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 1

Electric Grocery Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 640 4 $163 60% 90% $0.07 137

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Standard Refrigerated

Open Display Cases

Per Building Existing 22,142 12 $34,328 15% 95% $0.22 1,258

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

No Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Per Building Existing 31,296 12 $2,687 90% 45% $0.01 5,054

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Case Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 14,486 15 $3,518 100% 77% $0.02 4,419

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-23
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Low Temp

Case Replacement

Low Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 31,278 15 $3,386 100% 98% $0.01 12,223

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Med Temp

Case Replacement

Med Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 2,667 15 $1,756 100% 98% $0.08 1,042

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 32,195 10 $26,704 90% 85% $0.12 9,821

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 14,570 10 $12,067 90% 85% $0.12 4,444

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Compressor VSD

Retrofit

VSD Compressor Constant Speed

Compressor

Per Building Existing 72,351 13 $14,234 60% 77% $0.02 11,340

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Demand Control

Defrost - Hot Gas

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric Per Building Existing 8,397 10 $115 95% 68% $-0.00 2,147

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Display Case Motion

Sensors

Display Case Motion

Sensors

No Motion Sensors Per Building Existing 7,747 8 $757 90% 85% $0.01 1,900

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Evaporative

Condenser -

High-Efficiency

High-Efficiency

Evaporative Condenser

Air-Cooled Condenser Per Building Existing 4,673 15 $22,986 90% 65% $0.62 1,085

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Evaporator Fan

Controller

ECM Evaporator Fan

Controller

No Controller Per Building Existing 491 15 $545 90% 85% $0.13 118

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Floating Condenser

Head Pressure

Controls

Floating Condenser

Head Pressure

Controls

No Floating

Condenser Head

Pressure Controls

Per Building Existing 22,159 15 $7,538 50% 81% $0.04 2,824

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Glass Doors Per Building Existing 477 12 $452 95% 77% $0.13 138

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

High-Efficiency

Compressor

High-Efficiency

Compressor (15%

More Efficient)

Standard Compressor,

40% Efficiency

Per Building Existing 23,137 10 $15,037 85% 72% $0.10 10,371

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice

Maker

Standard Ice Maker Per Building Existing 857 10 $0.00 95% 86% $-0.02 277

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Night Covers for

Display Cases

Night Covers for

Display Cases

No Night Covers Per Building Existing 20,822 5 $3,319 95% 85% $0.04 6,704

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Refrigeration

Commissioning of

New or Existing

Buildings

New or Existing

Building Refrigeration

Commissioning

No Commissioning Per Building Existing 43,520 3 $6,825 95% 85% $0.06 10,022

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Building Existing 259 10 $57 75% 95% $0.03 2,110

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Solid Door Per Building Existing 1,503 12 $-353.1453 95% 81% $-0.04 459

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Standalone to

Multiplex Compressor

Standalone to

Multiplex Compressor

Standalone

compressor

Per Building Existing 19,675 13 $2,812 80% 90% $0.01 3,752

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

No Strip Curtains for

Walk-In

Per Building Existing 819 4 $25 95% 20% $0.01 62

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

VFD Rooftop Unit

Supply Fan (Grocery

Only)

VFD Rooftop Unit

Supply Fan (Grocery

Only)

Standard Supply Fan Per Building Existing 7,331 15 $2,234 90% 75% $0.03 1,281

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Visi Cooler High Efficiency Visi

Cooler

Standard Visi Cooler Per Building Existing 995 10 $186 95% 85% $0.02 320

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Walk-In Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 491 15 $545 95% 95% $0.13 176

Electric Grocery Refrigeratio

n

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 73,643 10 $29,121 2.5% 94% $0.06 443

Electric Grocery Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $128 25% 100% $0.04 41

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-24
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Grocery Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 8,572 7 $6,308 90% 85% $0.14 170

Electric Grocery Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 10,287 5 $30,771 10% 61% $0.74 20

Electric Grocery Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 10,287 5 $7,477 50% 80% $0.17 105

Electric Grocery Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 1,714 18 $7,679 45% 65% $0.51 15

Electric Grocery Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 6,858 5 $5,120 10% 75% $0.18 16

Electric Grocery Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 10,287 14 $29,025 5.0% 94% $0.36 14

Electric Grocery Space Heat Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 767 10 $3,499 64% 85% $0.70 50

Electric Grocery Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 5,229 12.5 $635 10% 39% $0.01 5

Electric Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 16,000 25 $48,345 75% 10% $0.32 35

Electric Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,476 25 $48,345 75% 70% $3.63 22

Electric Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1,427 25 $13,637 25% 85% $1.05 8

Electric Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 2,880 20 $6,192 75% 60% $0.23 36

Electric Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 15,803 25 $25,490 35% 45% $0.17 68

Electric Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 2,941 25 $7,862 35% 45% $0.29 12

Electric Grocery Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 30,748 25 $27,368 10% 35% $0.09 28

Electric Grocery Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 2,057 10 $754 95% 31% $0.05 15

Electric Grocery Space Heat Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 514 25 $18,650 15% 85% $25.63 1

Electric Grocery Vending

Machines

Vending Miser Passive Infrared

Sensor on Vending

Machine Monitoring

Vacancy of Area And

Cycles

Cooling - Controls

No Vending Miser - No

controls

Per Building Existing 1,796 3 $170 75% 25% $0.03 31

Electric Grocery Ventilation

And

Circulation

Automated Exhaust

VFD Control - Parking

Garage CO sensor

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Building Existing 36,173 10 $3,923 5.0% 85% $0.01 202

Electric Grocery Ventilation

And

Circulation

Cooking Hood

Controls

Demand-Ventilation

Control

No Controls Per Building Existing 1,119 18 $2,401 95% 65% $0.24 240

Electric Grocery Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 699 15 $211 95% 76% $0.03 171

Electric Grocery Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 17,484 20 $3,563 65% 75% $0.01 2,889

Electric Grocery Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 565 7 $160 65% 25% $0.05 27

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 485 10 $8,889 75% 94% $2.85 20

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-25
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 14 12 $44 24% 25% $0.45 0.05

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 74 12 $44 95% 95% $-4.35 3

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,932 25 $8,331 5.0% 92% $0.47 5

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 375 9 $12 95% 75% $-0.01 15

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 129 9 $9 95% 25% $-0.01 1

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 644 4 $195 95% 74% $0.08 26

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 97 12 $102 80% 90% $0.15 3

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 242 10 $882 75% 95% $0.54 10

Electric Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 1,106 10 $29,121 55% 94% $4.10 29

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 476 10 $8,889 75% 94% $2.91 19

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 14 12 $44 24% 25% $0.45 0.04

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 73 12 $41 95% 95% $-4.43 3

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,932 25 $8,331 5.0% 92% $0.47 4

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 368 9 $12 95% 75% $-0.01 15

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 127 9 $9 95% 25% $-0.01 1

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 644 4 $195 95% 74% $0.08 26

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 95 12 $102 80% 90% $0.15 3

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 238 10 $882 75% 95% $0.55 9

Electric Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 1,087 10 $29,121 55% 94% $4.18 28

Electric Hospital Computers Network PC Power

Management

Network PC Power

Management

No Power

Management

Per Building Existing 3,077 4 $270 95% 30% $0.02 1,344

Electric Hospital Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 47 12 $8 90% 90% $0.02 19

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-26
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hospital Cooking Fryers - New CEE

Efficient Electric Deep

Fat Fryers

15 inch width Deep

Fryer CEE 2006

rating: 80% under

heavy load, Less than

1000 watt at idle

15 inch width standard

electric deep fat fryers

Per Building Existing 2 12 $3 25% 35% $0.22 0.10

Electric Hospital Cooking Griddle 70% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 65 12 $22 95% 35% $0.04 12

Electric Hospital Cooking High Efficiency

Convection Oven

Convection Oven Standard Oven Per Building Existing 62 12 $11 7.0% 55% $0.02 1

Electric Hospital Cooking Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

ENERGY STAR Hot

Food Holding Cabinet

Non ENERGY STAR

Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

Per Building Existing 153 12 $98 15% 21% $0.09 2

Electric Hospital Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 48 12 $5 5.0% 35% $0.01 0.85

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,631 15 $4,249 5.0% 94% $0.20 41

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Chilled

Water / Condenser

Water

Settings-Optimization

Additional Control

Features

EMS already

installed - No

Optimization

Per Building Existing 328 5 $2,896 95% 81% $2.20 83

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Chilled Water Piping

Loop w/ VSD Control

VSD for secondary

chilled water loop

Primary loop only w/

constant speed pump 

Per Building Existing 1,989 10 $13,368 25% 70% $1.04 114

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Chiller-Water Side

Economizer

Install Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 1,315 15 $31,039 45% 90% $3.00 172

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 3,289 7 $3,352 90% 85% $0.20 649

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 7,894 15 $51,680 15% 67% $0.83 252

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Decrease

Approach Temperature

6 Deg F 10 Deg F Per Building Existing 2,105 7.5 $1,652 10% 94% $0.10 64

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-One-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 3,684 15 $148 75% 35% $-0.00 295

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Cooling Tower-VSD

Fan Control

Variable-Speed Tower

Fans replace

Two-Speed

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 1,052 13 $1,196 75% 75% $0.15 174

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,947 5 $16,345 20% 26% $1.03 58

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,947 5 $3,971 75% 80% $0.25 496

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 1,461 10 $3,500 62% 85% $0.37 165

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,590 40 $4,066 3.5% 98% $6.61 14

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,315 12.5 $440 10% 39% $0.04 13

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 60 25 $18,315 75% 13% $33.86 1

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1 25 $5,166 25% 85% $436.22 0.07

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Pipe

Insulation - Chilled

Water

1.5" of Insulation,

assuming R-6 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 394 15 $348 65% 45% $0.11 29

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-27
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 789 10 $1,053 15% 26% $0.20 7

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 212 30 $3,010 75% 55% $1.50 22

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 7,885 10 $35,871 25% 98% $0.71 374

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 2,854 10 $1,991 90% 66% $0.10 3

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,320 25 $38,170 15% 60% $1.27 65

Electric Hospital Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,844 25 $82,156 15% 60% $3.20 55

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 3,214 15 $4,249 5.0% 94% $0.16 115

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 4,018 7 $3,352 90% 85% $0.16 1,729

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 9,644 15 $51,680 15% 67% $0.68 741

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 4,822 10 $9,638 10% 30% $0.31 106

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 8,036 15 $35,416 50% 94% $0.55 2,761

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 4,822 5 $16,345 20% 26% $0.85 160

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 4,822 5 $3,971 75% 80% $0.20 1,357

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 803 18 $4,079 45% 65% $0.59 141

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 3,214 5 $2,721 10% 75% $0.21 177

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 1,592 10 $3,500 62% 85% $0.34 448

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,942 40 $4,066 3.5% 98% $5.41 38

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,607 12.5 $440 10% 39% $0.03 36

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 73 25 $18,315 75% 13% $27.72 4

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1 25 $5,166 25% 85% $357.10 0.19

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 1,350 20 $3,289 75% 60% $0.27 350

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 964 10 $1,053 95% 24% $0.17 122

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 144 30 $2,271 75% 55% $1.66 33

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 2,854 10 $1,991 90% 66% $0.10 8

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 4,056 25 $38,170 15% 60% $1.04 185

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-28
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hospital Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,474 25 $82,156 15% 60% $2.62 156

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 3,162 15 $4,249 5.0% 94% $0.16 14

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 7,706 7 $3,352 90% 85% $0.08 478

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 9,863 15 $51,680 15% 67% $0.66 96

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 9,247 5 $16,345 20% 26% $0.44 45

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 9,247 5 $3,971 75% 80% $0.10 385

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 1,541 18 $4,079 45% 65% $0.30 40

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 4,503 14 $15,419 5.0% 94% $0.44 18

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 3,132 10 $3,500 62% 85% $0.17 127

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,911 40 $4,066 3.5% 98% $5.49 5

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 4,295 15 $20,863 3.8% 95% $6.53 11

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 4,503 12.5 $440 10% 39% $0.01 14

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 4,510 25 $18,315 75% 13% $0.44 37

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 607 25 $18,315 75% 70% $3.34 26

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 351 25 $5,166 25% 85% $1.62 6

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 2,589 20 $3,289 75% 60% $0.13 97

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-19 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,018 25 $9,655 35% 35% $0.52 20

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 831 25 $2,979 35% 35% $0.39 8

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 6,901 25 $11,248 10% 35% $0.17 19

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 1,849 10 $1,053 95% 24% $0.08 33

Electric Hospital Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 145 30 $3,629 75% 55% $2.64 4

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Standard Refrigeration

System

Per Building Existing 16,645 15 $4,148 25% 95% $0.02 384

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 2,854 10 $1,991 90% 66% $0.10 1

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,853 25 $38,170 15% 60% $1.48 18

Electric Hospital Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,862 25 $82,156 15% 60% $2.35 25

Electric Hospital Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 1,592 9.5 $442 20% 95% $0.03 554

Electric Hospital Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 721 8 $112 75% 70% $0.02 190

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-29
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hospital Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 793 8 $730 90% 75% $0.16 896

Electric Hospital Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 702 13.69863 $141 75% 95% $0.02 29

Electric Hospital Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 860 18.666667 $1,162 47% 95% $0.15 663

Electric Hospital Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 480 8 $131 10% 81% $0.04 59

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 1,547 9 $913 85% 75% $0.09 1,711

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Stepped,

Fluorescent Fixtures

3-stepped Dimming of

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 11,328 8 $6,080 30% 51% $0.09 2,740

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

Fluorescent

Refrigeration Case

Per Building Existing 521 6 $193 15% 80% $0.06 125

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 6,755 8 $1,448 90% 42% $0.03 3,782

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 4,090 8 $1,118 10% 100% $0.04 614

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 156 8 $1,448 90% 42% $1.67 89

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 94 8 $25 10% 100% $0.04 14

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 949 16 $158 95% 50% $0.01 787

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 345 13 $296 95% 98% $0.11 561

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 528 5 $34 70% 94% $0.01 196

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 2,554 8 $1,448 90% 42% $0.10 515

Electric Hospital Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 1,546 8 $422 10% 100% $0.04 83

Electric Hospital Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 52 7 $18 20% 20% $0.07 3

Electric Hospital Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 269 10 $1 95% 20% $-0.01 89

Electric Hospital Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 233 4 $1 95% 86% $-0.00 255

Electric Hospital Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 23 6 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 7

Electric Hospital Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 566 4 $144 60% 90% $0.07 534

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Standard Refrigerated

Open Display Cases

Per Building Existing 288 12 $447 15% 95% $0.22 71

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

No Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Per Building Existing 407 12 $34 15% 45% $0.01 48

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Case Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 769 15 $187 5.0% 77% $0.02 51

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-30
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Low Temp

Case Replacement

Low Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 16,616 15 $1,800 5.0% 98% $0.01 28

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Med Temp

Case Replacement

Med Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 1,417 15 $932 5.0% 98% $0.08 2

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 419 10 $347 90% 85% $0.12 560

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 189 10 $156 90% 85% $0.12 253

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Demand Control

Defrost - Hot Gas

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric Per Building Existing 97 10 $61 5.0% 68% $0.09 5

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Display Case Motion

Sensors

Display Case Motion

Sensors

No Motion Sensors Per Building Existing 100 8 $10 90% 85% $0.01 124

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Evaporative

Condenser -

High-Efficiency

High-Efficiency

Evaporative Condenser

Air-Cooled Condenser Per Building Existing 60 15 $299 90% 65% $0.62 55

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Evaporator Fan

Controller

ECM Evaporator Fan

Controller

No Controller Per Building Existing 163 15 $182 90% 85% $0.13 199

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Glass Doors Per Building Existing 10 12 $10 95% 77% $0.13 13

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

High-Efficiency

Compressor

High-Efficiency

Compressor (15%

More Efficient)

Standard Compressor,

40% Efficiency

Per Building Existing 12,291 10 $7,987 85% 72% $0.10 604

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice

Maker

Standard Ice Maker Per Building Existing 47 10 $0.00 95% 86% $-0.03 67

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Night Covers for

Display Cases

Night Covers for

Display Cases

No Night Covers Per Building Existing 271 5 $42 15% 85% $0.03 60

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Refrigeration

Commissioning of

New or Existing

Buildings

New or Existing

Building Refrigeration

Commissioning

No Commissioning Per Building Existing 566 3 $88 10% 85% $0.06 70

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Building Existing 624 10 $81 75% 95% $0.01 107

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Solid Door Per Building Existing 32 12 $-8.5087092 95% 81% $-0.04 43

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

No Strip Curtains for

Walk-In

Per Building Existing 133 4 $8 15% 20% $0.01 7

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Visi Cooler High Efficiency Visi

Cooler

Standard Visi Cooler Per Building Existing 528 10 $98 95% 85% $0.02 745

Electric Hospital Refrigeratio

n

Walk-In Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 163 15 $182 5.0% 95% $0.13 13

Electric Hospital Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $129 25% 100% $0.04 181

Electric Hospital Servers Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization Per Building Existing 360 4 $338 72% 85% $0.30 307

Electric Hospital Space Heat Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,145 15 $4,249 5.0% 94% $0.24 72

Electric Hospital Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,681 7 $3,352 90% 85% $0.24 1,174

Electric Hospital Space Heat Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 2,788 15 $51,680 15% 67% $2.35 201

Electric Hospital Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,217 5 $16,345 20% 26% $1.27 116

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-31
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hospital Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,217 5 $3,971 75% 80% $0.30 987

Electric Hospital Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 536 18 $4,079 45% 65% $0.88 102

Electric Hospital Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 2,145 5 $2,721 10% 75% $0.31 113

Electric Hospital Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 3,217 14 $15,419 5.0% 94% $0.62 97

Electric Hospital Space Heat Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 993 10 $3,500 62% 85% $0.54 324

Electric Hospital Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 2,145 12.5 $440 10% 39% $0.02 52

Electric Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,157 25 $18,315 75% 13% $0.63 192

Electric Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 397 25 $18,315 75% 70% $5.11 128

Electric Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 384 25 $5,166 25% 85% $1.48 49

Electric Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 900 20 $3,289 75% 60% $0.40 245

Electric Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-19 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,945 25 $9,655 35% 35% $0.54 141

Electric Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 812 25 $2,979 35% 35% $0.40 58

Electric Hospital Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 11,829 25 $11,248 10% 35% $0.10 242

Electric Hospital Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 643 10 $1,053 95% 24% $0.25 83

Electric Hospital Space Heat Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 5,363 10 $35,871 25% 98% $1.04 678

Electric Hospital Space Heat Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 277 25 $82,156 15% 60% $32.86 12

Electric Hospital Vending

Machines

Vending Miser Passive Infrared

Sensor on Vending

Machine Monitoring

Vacancy of Area And

Cycles

Cooling - Controls

No Vending Miser - No

controls

Per Building Existing 1,796 3 $170 50% 25% $0.03 4

Electric Hospital Ventilation

And

Circulation

Automated Exhaust

VFD Control - Parking

Garage CO sensor

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Building Existing 19,217 10 $2,084 20% 85% $0.01 5,064

Electric Hospital Ventilation

And

Circulation

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 10,964 15 $51,680 15% 67% $0.59 1,741

Electric Hospital Ventilation

And

Circulation

Cooking Hood

Controls

Demand-Ventilation

Control

No Controls Per Building Existing 130 18 $297 95% 85% $0.26 171

Electric Hospital Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 931 15 $112 95% 76% $0.01 1,042

Electric Hospital Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 23,298 20 $1,892 65% 75% $0.00 17,519

Electric Hospital Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - VAV Box High

Efficiency (ECM)

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 4,796 15 $6,207 8.0% 77% $0.16 396

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-32
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hospital Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 300 7 $86 65% 25% $0.05 65

Electric Hospital Ventilation

And

Circulation

Optimized Variable

Volume Lab Hood

Design

Optimized Variable

Volume Lab Hood

Design

Constant Volume Lab

Hood Design

Per Building Existing 1,461 13 $1,705 65% 59% $0.15 918

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 3,617 10 $8,285 0.8% 95% $0.23 9

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 112 7 $42 95% 80% $-0.75 32

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 1,195 10 $4,722 55% 94% $0.61 234

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 19 12 $61 11% 25% $0.43 0.20

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 115 12 $64 95% 95% $-2.79 39

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 4,682 25 $12,082 5.0% 92% $0.28 80

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 924 9 $17 95% 75% $-0.01 250

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 318 9 $13 95% 25% $-0.02 28

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 128 4 $39 95% 83% $0.07 38

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 170 10 $62 95% 73% $-0.05 44

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 340 10 $51 95% 35% $-0.09 43

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 239 12 $148 80% 70% $0.08 48

Electric Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 597 10 $1,172 75% 90% $0.28 153

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 3,553 10 $8,285 0.8% 95% $0.24 9

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 112 7 $42 95% 80% $-0.75 31

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 1,174 10 $4,722 55% 94% $0.62 225

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 19 12 $61 11% 25% $0.43 0.19

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 113 12 $64 95% 95% $-2.84 38

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-33
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 4,682 25 $12,082 5.0% 92% $0.28 77

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 907 9 $17 95% 75% $-0.01 241

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 313 9 $13 95% 25% $-0.02 27

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 128 4 $39 95% 83% $0.07 38

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 170 10 $62 95% 73% $-0.05 44

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 340 10 $51 95% 35% $-0.09 42

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 234 12 $148 80% 70% $0.08 46

Electric Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 587 10 $1,172 75% 90% $0.29 148

Electric Hotel Motel Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 151 12 $26 90% 90% $0.02 9

Electric Hotel Motel Cooking Fryers - New CEE

Efficient Electric Deep

Fat Fryers

15 inch width Deep

Fryer CEE 2006

rating: 80% under

heavy load, Less than

1000 watt at idle

15 inch width standard

electric deep fat fryers

Per Building Existing 6 12 $10 55% 35% $0.21 0.10

Electric Hotel Motel Cooking Griddle 70% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 78 12 $27 95% 35% $0.04 2

Electric Hotel Motel Cooking Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

ENERGY STAR Hot

Food Holding Cabinet

Non ENERGY STAR

Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

Per Building Existing 184 12 $118 55% 21% $0.08 1

Electric Hotel Motel Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 57 12 $6 2.5% 35% $0.01 0.07

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 476 15 $4,375 50% 94% $1.16 50

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Chilled

Water / Condenser

Water

Settings-Optimization

Additional Control

Features

EMS already

installed - No

Optimization

Per Building Existing 297 5 $2,980 95% 81% $2.51 51

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Chilled Water Piping

Loop w/ VSD Control

VSD for secondary

chilled water loop

Primary loop only w/

constant speed pump 

Per Building Existing 1,800 10 $13,761 25% 70% $1.19 70

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Chiller-Water Side

Economizer

Install Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 1,191 15 $31,953 45% 30% $3.41 35

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,977 7 $3,450 90% 85% $0.23 409

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 7,146 15 $53,200 15% 67% $0.94 157

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Decrease

Approach Temperature

6 Deg F 10 Deg F Per Building Existing 1,905 7.5 $1,700 10% 94% $0.12 39

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-One-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 3,335 15 $152 75% 35% $0.00 183

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Cooling Tower-VSD

Fan Control

Variable-Speed Tower

Fans replace

Two-Speed

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 952 13 $1,231 75% 75% $0.17 108

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,573 5 $16,826 10% 52% $1.18 37

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-34
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,573 5 $4,088 50% 80% $0.28 224

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 1,259 10 $3,499 58% 85% $0.43 98

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 868 40 $64,610 3.5% 98% $7.51 5

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,191 12.5 $933 10% 39% $0.11 8

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 54 25 $11,371 75% 25% $23.22 1

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1 25 $3,208 25% 85% $299.23 0.04

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Pipe

Insulation - Chilled

Water

1.5" of Insulation,

assuming R-6 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 357 15 $359 65% 45% $0.12 19

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 714 10 $1,749 15% 26% $0.38 5

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 482 30 $4,707 75% 55% $1.03 35

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 7,653 10 $36,924 25% 98% $0.75 236

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 6,237 10 $4,221 90% 66% $0.10 5

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,005 25 $80,903 15% 50% $2.98 34

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,630 25 $74,129 15% 50% $7.35 29

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 585 15 $4,375 50% 94% $0.95 39

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 3,659 7 $3,450 90% 85% $0.18 258

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 8,783 15 $53,200 15% 67% $0.77 125

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 4,391 10 $9,923 10% 30% $0.35 18

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 7,319 15 $36,458 50% 94% $0.63 465

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 4,391 5 $16,826 10% 52% $0.96 27

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 4,391 5 $4,088 50% 80% $0.23 166

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 731 18 $4,198 45% 65% $0.67 24

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 2,927 5 $2,799 10% 75% $0.24 29

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-35
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 1,372 10 $3,499 58% 85% $0.39 72

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,067 40 $64,610 3.5% 98% $6.11 4

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Hotel Occupancy

Control System

Includes multiple hotel

control schemes

including: Key card

system, room

occupancy sensors,

and front desk control

to control room HVAC

and lighting during

non-occupied periods

325 sqft room,

$100/room; No HVAC

or lighting occupancy

controls

Per Building Existing 34,504 15 $6,783 60% 97% $0.02 416

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,463 12.5 $933 10% 39% $0.09 5

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 66 25 $11,371 75% 25% $18.89 1

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1 25 $3,208 25% 85% $243.46 0.02

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 1,229 20 $3,386 75% 60% $0.30 52

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 878 10 $1,749 95% 31% $0.31 24

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 225 30 $2,437 75% 55% $1.14 8

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 6,237 10 $4,221 90% 66% $0.10 3

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,694 25 $80,903 15% 50% $2.43 22

Electric Hotel Motel Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,233 25 $74,129 15% 50% $5.98 19

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 551 15 $4,375 50% 94% $1.00 59

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 8,310 7 $3,450 90% 85% $0.08 1,044

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 10,637 15 $53,200 15% 67% $0.63 243

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 9,972 5 $16,826 10% 52% $0.42 117

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 9,972 5 $4,088 50% 80% $0.10 708

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 1,662 18 $4,198 45% 65% $0.29 103

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 5,839 14 $15,872 5.0% 94% $0.35 57

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 3,065 10 $3,499 58% 85% $0.17 306

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,004 40 $64,610 3.5% 98% $6.49 7

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 3,741 15 $27,360 3.8% 95% $7.72 19

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-36
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Hotel Occupancy

Control System

Includes multiple hotel

control schemes

including: Key card

system, room

occupancy sensors,

and front desk control

to control room HVAC

and lighting during

non-occupied periods

325 sqft room,

$100/room; No HVAC

or lighting occupancy

controls

Per Building Existing 34,504 15 $6,783 60% 97% $0.02 1,766

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 5,839 12.5 $933 10% 39% $0.02 40

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 4,425 25 $11,371 75% 25% $0.28 146

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 597 25 $11,371 75% 70% $2.11 54

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 425 25 $3,208 25% 85% $0.83 15

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 2,792 20 $3,386 75% 60% $0.13 217

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 7,704 25 $5,995 35% 45% $0.08 206

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 1,096 25 $1,850 35% 45% $0.18 28

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 14,781 25 $17,675 10% 35% $0.12 86

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 1,994 10 $1,749 95% 31% $0.13 97

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 313 30 $5,677 75% 55% $1.91 21

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 6,237 10 $4,221 90% 66% $0.10 5

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,002 25 $80,903 15% 50% $4.48 22

Electric Hotel Motel Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,411 25 $74,129 15% 50% $5.66 37

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 1,639 9.5 $456 20% 95% $0.03 326

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 568 8 $87 75% 70% $0.02 128

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 1,819 8 $365 90% 75% $0.03 1,180

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 553 13.69863 $111 75% 95% $0.02 19

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 885 18.666667 $1,195 47% 95% $0.15 390

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 563 8 $153 10% 81% $0.04 37

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 1,004 9 $940 85% 75% $0.15 196

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Continuous,

Fluorescent Fixtures

Continuous Dimming,

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 1,114 8 $6,389 30% 92% $1.03 250

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 2,925 8 $1,490 90% 58% $0.09 1,175

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 905 8 $248 10% 100% $0.04 67

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 101 8 $1,490 90% 58% $2.65 47

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 31 8 $8 10% 100% $0.04 2

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-37
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 192 16 $31 95% 50% $0.01 91

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 70 13 $59 95% 98% $0.11 65

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 255 5 $13 70% 94% $0.01 48

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 9,650 8 $1,490 90% 58% $0.02 1,382

Electric Hotel Motel Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 2,986 8 $816 10% 100% $0.04 79

Electric Hotel Motel Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 11 7 $3 20% 20% $0.05 0.47

Electric Hotel Motel Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 49 10 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 9

Electric Hotel Motel Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 240 4 $3 95% 86% $0.00 33

Electric Hotel Motel Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 38 6 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 7

Electric Hotel Motel Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 437 4 $111 60% 90% $0.07 236

Electric Hotel Motel Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $129 25% 100% $0.04 103

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,405 15 $4,375 50% 94% $0.39 196

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 8,781 7 $3,450 90% 85% $0.07 1,352

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 9,132 15 $53,200 15% 67% $0.73 271

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 10,538 5 $16,826 10% 52% $0.39 159

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 10,538 5 $4,088 50% 80% $0.09 966

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 1,756 18 $4,198 45% 65% $0.27 140

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 7,025 5 $2,799 10% 75% $0.09 153

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 10,538 14 $15,872 5.0% 94% $0.19 134

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 2,890 10 $3,499 58% 85% $0.18 417

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-38
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Hotel Occupancy

Control System

Includes multiple hotel

control schemes

including: Key card

system, room

occupancy sensors,

and front desk control

to control room HVAC

and lighting during

non-occupied periods

325 sqft room,

$100/room; No HVAC

or lighting occupancy

controls

Per Building Existing 34,504 15 $6,783 60% 97% $0.01 2,406

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 7,025 12.5 $933 10% 39% $0.01 62

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 7,837 25 $11,371 75% 25% $0.15 335

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 986 25 $11,371 75% 70% $1.27 115

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 953 25 $3,208 25% 85% $0.36 44

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 2,950 20 $3,386 75% 60% $0.12 292

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 16,626 25 $5,995 35% 45% $0.03 567

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 2,129 25 $1,850 35% 45% $0.09 70

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 49,572 25 $17,675 10% 35% $0.03 360

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 2,107 10 $1,749 95% 31% $0.12 125

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 17,563 10 $36,924 25% 98% $0.32 781

Electric Hotel Motel Space Heat Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 526 25 $74,129 15% 50% $36.73 6

Electric Hotel Motel Vending

Machines

Vending Miser Passive Infrared

Sensor on Vending

Machine Monitoring

Vacancy of Area And

Cycles

Cooling - Controls

No Vending Miser - No

controls

Per Building Existing 1,796 3 $169 90% 25% $0.03 13

Electric Hotel Motel Ventilation

And

Circulation

Automated Exhaust

VFD Control - Parking

Garage CO sensor

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Building Existing 19,782 10 $2,145 20% 85% $0.01 1,731

Electric Hotel Motel Ventilation

And

Circulation

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 6,811 15 $53,200 15% 67% $0.99 597

Electric Hotel Motel Ventilation

And

Circulation

Cooking Hood

Controls

Demand-Ventilation

Control

No Controls Per Building Existing 1,119 18 $5,250 95% 45% $0.54 429

Electric Hotel Motel Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 578 15 $115 95% 76% $0.02 353

Electric Hotel Motel Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 14,474 20 $1,948 65% 75% $0.01 5,945

Electric Hotel Motel Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - VAV Box High

Efficiency (ECM)

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 2,979 15 $6,389 5.0% 77% $0.27 84

Electric Hotel Motel Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 309 7 $87 65% 25% $0.05 36

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 4,596 10 $8,285 1.8% 95% $0.15 13

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-39
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 1,050 7 $401 95% 80% $-0.02 140

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 1,519 10 $4,861 55% 80% $0.49 114

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 32 12 $101 24% 25% $0.43 0.35

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 256 12 $146 95% 95% $-1.21 40

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 6,099 25 $11,458 5.0% 92% $0.20 46

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,174 9 $69 95% 75% $0.00 147

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 405 9 $59 95% 25% $0.02 16

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 644 4 $195 95% 93% $0.08 100

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 5,530 10 $1,591 95% 73% $0.03 677

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 11,060 10 $1,324 95% 35% $0.01 649

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 303 12 $139 80% 90% $0.06 30

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 759 10 $4,831 75% 85% $0.98 85

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 4,513 10 $8,285 1.8% 95% $0.16 13

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 1,050 7 $401 95% 80% $-0.02 138

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 1,492 10 $4,861 55% 80% $0.50 110

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 32 12 $101 24% 25% $0.43 0.34

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 252 12 $143 95% 95% $-1.24 39

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 6,099 25 $11,458 5.0% 92% $0.20 44

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,153 9 $69 95% 75% $0.00 142

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 397 9 $59 95% 25% $0.02 16

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 644 4 $195 95% 93% $0.08 98

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 5,530 10 $1,591 95% 73% $0.03 664

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-40
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 11,060 10 $1,324 95% 35% $0.01 637

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 298 12 $139 80% 90% $0.06 29

Electric Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 746 10 $4,831 75% 85% $1.00 82

Electric Office Computers Network PC Power

Management

Network PC Power

Management

No Power

Management

Per Building Existing 5,455 4 $446 95% 30% $0.02 23,818

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,517 15 $3,875 75% 94% $0.19 5,960

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Chilled

Water / Condenser

Water

Settings-Optimization

Additional Control

Features

EMS already

installed - No

Optimization

Per Building Existing 314 5 $2,640 95% 81% $2.10 753

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Chilled Water Piping

Loop w/ VSD Control

VSD for secondary

chilled water loop

Primary loop only w/

constant speed pump 

Per Building Existing 1,903 10 $12,189 25% 70% $1.00 1,029

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Chiller-Water Side

Economizer

Install Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 1,258 15 $28,301 45% 45% $2.86 777

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 3,146 7 $3,056 90% 85% $0.19 6,036

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 7,552 15 $47,120 15% 67% $0.79 2,308

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Decrease

Approach Temperature

6 Deg F 10 Deg F Per Building Existing 2,013 7.5 $1,508 10% 94% $0.10 582

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-One-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 3,524 15 $134 75% 35% $0.00 2,688

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Cooling Tower-VSD

Fan Control

Variable-Speed Tower

Fans replace

Two-Speed

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 1,006 13 $1,090 75% 75% $0.14 1,585

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,776 5 $14,904 20% 28% $0.99 574

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,776 5 $3,622 75% 80% $0.24 4,508

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,384 40 $86,347 3.5% 98% $6.30 120

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,258 12.5 $502 10% 39% $0.05 123

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 57 25 $15,196 75% 4% $29.37 4

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1 25 $4,286 25% 65% $378.36 0.51

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Pipe

Insulation - Chilled

Water

1.5" of Insulation,

assuming R-6 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 377 15 $318 65% 45% $0.10 278

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 755 10 $1,158 15% 26% $0.24 73

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 245 30 $1,979 75% 55% $0.85 253

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-41
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 6,277 10 $32,704 25% 98% $0.81 3,485

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 2,692 10 $2,275 90% 66% $0.13 33

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,176 25 $43,618 15% 95% $1.52 959

Electric Office Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.6 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,897 25 $93,882 15% 95% $3.59 859

Electric Office Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,369 15 $3,875 75% 94% $0.20 10,185

Electric Office Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,962 7 $3,056 90% 85% $0.20 9,629

Electric Office Cooling Dx Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 7,109 15 $47,120 15% 67% $0.84 4,077

Electric Office Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 3,554 10 $8,788 10% 20% $0.38 390

Electric Office Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 5,924 15 $32,291 50% 94% $0.69 15,147

Electric Office Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,554 5 $14,904 20% 28% $1.05 948

Electric Office Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,554 5 $3,622 75% 80% $0.25 7,441

Electric Office Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 592 18 $3,720 45% 65% $0.73 773

Electric Office Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 2,369 5 $2,480 10% 75% $0.26 973

Electric Office Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,303 40 $86,347 3.5% 98% $6.69 197

Electric Office Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,184 12.5 $502 10% 39% $0.06 202

Electric Office Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 54 25 $15,196 75% 4% $31.20 7

Electric Office Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1 25 $4,286 25% 65% $401.94 0.84

Electric Office Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 995 20 $2,998 75% 59% $0.33 1,926

Electric Office Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 710 10 $1,158 95% 26% $0.25 750

Electric Office Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 595 30 $5,313 75% 55% $0.94 1,050

Electric Office Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 2,692 10 $2,275 90% 66% $0.13 61

Electric Office Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,989 25 $43,618 15% 95% $1.62 1,630

Electric Office Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.6 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,727 25 $93,882 15% 95% $3.82 1,460

Electric Office Heat Pump Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,416 15 $3,875 75% 94% $0.20 6,924

Electric Office Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 5,824 7 $3,056 90% 85% $0.10 15,052

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-42
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Office Heat Pump Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 7,455 15 $47,120 15% 67% $0.80 2,954

Electric Office Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 6,989 5 $14,904 20% 28% $0.53 1,497

Electric Office Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 6,989 5 $3,622 75% 80% $0.13 11,748

Electric Office Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 1,164 18 $3,720 45% 65% $0.37 1,220

Electric Office Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 3,364 14 $14,059 5.0% 94% $0.54 560

Electric Office Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,328 40 $86,347 3.5% 98% $6.56 160

Electric Office Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 3,281 15 $1,376 3.8% 95% $7.80 350

Electric Office Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 3,364 12.5 $502 10% 39% $0.02 459

Electric Office Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,221 25 $15,196 75% 4% $0.52 339

Electric Office Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 433 25 $15,196 75% 50% $3.89 570

Electric Office Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 260 25 $4,286 25% 65% $1.82 147

Electric Office Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 1,957 20 $2,998 75% 59% $0.16 3,012

Electric Office Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,123 25 $8,011 35% 15% $0.28 562

Electric Office Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 611 25 $2,471 35% 15% $0.44 109

Electric Office Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 5,636 25 $16,510 10% 35% $0.32 673

Electric Office Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 1,397 10 $1,158 95% 26% $0.12 1,163

Electric Office Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 240 30 $2,387 75% 55% $1.05 334

Electric Office Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 2,692 10 $2,275 90% 66% $0.13 48

Electric Office Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,199 25 $43,618 15% 95% $2.20 954

Electric Office Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.6 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,673 25 $93,882 15% 95% $3.89 1,151

Electric Office Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 1,451 9.5 $403 20% 95% $0.03 5,052

Electric Office Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 657 8 $100 75% 70% $0.02 1,519

Electric Office Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 608 8 $366 90% 75% $0.10 6,837

Electric Office Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 640 13.69863 $128 75% 95% $0.02 233

Electric Office Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 784 18.666667 $1,059 47% 95% $0.15 6,044

Electric Office Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 385 8 $105 10% 81% $0.04 469

Electric Office Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 1,178 9 $833 85% 75% $0.11 8,920

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-43
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Office Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Continuous,

Fluorescent Fixtures

Continuous Dimming,

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 7,195 8 $7,384 30% 78% $0.18 24,232

Electric Office Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 3,693 8 $1,320 90% 42% $0.06 18,402

Electric Office Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 2,338 8 $639 10% 88% $0.04 2,790

Electric Office Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 142 8 $1,320 90% 42% $1.67 819

Electric Office Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 90 8 $24 10% 88% $0.04 124

Electric Office Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 192 16 $32 95% 50% $0.01 1,596

Electric Office Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 70 13 $60 95% 98% $0.11 1,138

Electric Office Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 63 5 $7 70% 94% $0.03 203

Electric Office Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 587 8 $1,320 90% 42% $0.40 1,019

Electric Office Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 371 8 $100 10% 88% $0.04 154

Electric Office Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 5 7 $1 20% 20% $0.05 3

Electric Office Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 427 10 $1 95% 20% $-0.01 1,415

Electric Office Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 213 4 $1 95% 86% $-0.00 252

Electric Office Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 25 6 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 85

Electric Office Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 1,033 4 $262 60% 90% $0.07 9,733

Electric Office Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $130 25% 100% $0.04 1,813

Electric Office Servers Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization Per Building Existing 360 4 $338 72% 85% $0.29 3,072

Electric Office Space Heat Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 4,978 15 $3,875 75% 94% $0.09 21,028

Electric Office Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 6,222 7 $3,056 90% 85% $0.09 22,027

Electric Office Space Heat Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 6,471 15 $47,120 15% 67% $0.92 3,647

Electric Office Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 7,467 5 $14,904 20% 28% $0.50 2,265

Electric Office Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 7,467 5 $3,622 75% 80% $0.12 17,772

Electric Office Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 1,244 18 $3,720 45% 65% $0.34 1,846

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-44
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Office Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 4,978 5 $2,480 10% 75% $0.12 2,051

Electric Office Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 7,467 14 $14,059 5.0% 94% $0.24 1,760

Electric Office Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 4,978 12.5 $502 10% 39% $0.01 960

Electric Office Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 6,996 25 $15,196 75% 4% $0.23 1,041

Electric Office Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 880 25 $15,196 75% 50% $1.91 1,631

Electric Office Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 851 25 $4,286 25% 65% $0.55 678

Electric Office Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 2,090 20 $2,998 75% 59% $0.15 4,507

Electric Office Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 9,747 25 $8,011 35% 15% $0.08 2,457

Electric Office Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 1,814 25 $2,471 35% 15% $0.14 452

Electric Office Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 28,883 25 $16,510 10% 35% $0.05 4,795

Electric Office Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 1,493 10 $1,158 95% 26% $0.11 1,699

Electric Office Space Heat Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 12,445 10 $32,704 25% 98% $0.40 12,718

Electric Office Vending

Machines

Vending Miser Passive Infrared

Sensor on Vending

Machine Monitoring

Vacancy of Area And

Cycles

Cooling - Controls

No Vending Miser - No

controls

Per Building Existing 1,796 3 $170 10% 25% $0.03 46

Electric Office Ventilation

And

Circulation

Automated Exhaust

VFD Control - Parking

Garage CO sensor

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Building Existing 17,521 10 $1,900 20% 85% $0.01 11,980

Electric Office Ventilation

And

Circulation

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 2,849 15 $47,120 15% 67% $2.10 4,134

Electric Office Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 242 15 $102 95% 76% $0.05 2,468

Electric Office Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 6,055 20 $1,725 65% 75% $0.02 41,492

Electric Office Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - VAV Box High

Efficiency (ECM)

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 1,246 15 $5,659 11% 77% $0.57 1,291

Electric Office Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 273 7 $79 65% 25% $0.05 545

Electric Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 363 10 $4,305 55% 80% $1.84 1,046

Electric Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 21 12 $66 8.1% 25% $0.43 2

Electric Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,501 25 $2,083 5.0% 92% $0.15 428

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-45
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 280 9 $6 95% 75% $-0.02 1,309

Electric Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 96 9 $4 95% 25% $-0.05 150

Electric Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 25 10 $13 95% 73% $-0.38 116

Electric Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 51 10 $12 95% 35% $-0.43 111

Electric Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 72 12 $24 80% 30% $0.04 110

Electric Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 181 10 $428 75% 85% $0.31 758

Electric Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 357 10 $4,305 55% 80% $1.88 1,009

Electric Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 21 12 $66 8.1% 25% $0.43 2

Electric Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,501 25 $2,083 5.0% 92% $0.15 412

Electric Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 275 9 $6 95% 75% $-0.02 1,262

Electric Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 95 9 $4 95% 25% $-0.04 145

Electric Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 25 10 $13 95% 73% $-0.38 114

Electric Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 51 10 $12 95% 35% $-0.43 109

Electric Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 71 12 $24 80% 30% $0.04 106

Electric Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 178 10 $428 75% 85% $0.32 731

Electric Other Computers Network PC Power

Management

Network PC Power

Management

No Power

Management

Per Building Existing 969 4 $84 95% 30% $0.02 2,763

Electric Other Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 90 12 $15 90% 90% $0.02 447

Electric Other Cooking Fryers - New CEE

Efficient Electric Deep

Fat Fryers

15 inch width Deep

Fryer CEE 2006

rating: 80% under

heavy load, Less than

1000 watt at idle

15 inch width standard

electric deep fat fryers

Per Building Existing 5 12 $8 35% 35% $0.20 4

Electric Other Cooking Griddle 70% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 46 12 $16 95% 35% $0.04 94

Electric Other Cooking Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

ENERGY STAR Hot

Food Holding Cabinet

Non ENERGY STAR

Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

Per Building Existing 110 12 $70 15% 21% $0.08 21

Electric Other Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 34 12 $3 5.0% 35% $0.01 6

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,768 15 $3,000 50% 94% $0.21 536

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Chilled

Water / Condenser

Water

Settings-Optimization

Additional Control

Features

EMS already

installed - No

Optimization

Per Building Existing 221 5 $2,043 95% 81% $2.31 104

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Chilled Water Piping

Loop w/ VSD Control

VSD for secondary

chilled water loop

Primary loop only w/

constant speed pump 

Per Building Existing 1,337 10 $10,617 25% 70% $1.24 142

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-46
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Chiller-Water Side

Economizer

Install Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 884 15 $24,650 45% 30% $3.54 71

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,210 7 $2,366 90% 85% $0.21 822

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 5,306 15 $36,479 15% 67% $0.87 319

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Decrease

Approach Temperature

6 Deg F 10 Deg F Per Building Existing 1,414 7.5 $1,312 10% 94% $0.12 80

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-One-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 2,476 15 $118 75% 35% $0.00 373

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Cooling Tower-VSD

Fan Control

Variable-Speed Tower

Fans replace

Two-Speed

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 707 13 $950 75% 75% $0.18 220

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,653 5 $11,538 10% 66% $1.09 94

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,653 5 $2,804 50% 80% $0.26 455

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 440 10 $3,499 100% 85% $1.24 345

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,448 40 $99,561 3.5% 98% $6.94 24

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 578 12.5 $172 10% 39% $0.04 10

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 40 25 $17,522 75% 30% $48.20 4

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 0.88 25 $4,943 25% 85% $621.00 0.09

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Pipe

Insulation - Chilled

Water

1.5" of Insulation,

assuming R-6 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 265 15 $246 65% 45% $0.11 37

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 530 10 $778 15% 26% $0.23 9

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 109 30 $4,049 75% 55% $3.91 21

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 5,340 10 $25,319 25% 98% $0.74 474

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 1,063 10 $777 90% 66% $0.11 2

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,231 25 $14,893 15% 70% $0.74 96

Electric Other Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,953 25 $32,054 15% 70% $1.82 83

Electric Other Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,213 15 $3,000 50% 94% $0.17 3,073

Electric Other Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,767 7 $2,366 90% 85% $0.17 4,540

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-47
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Other Cooling Dx Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 6,641 15 $36,479 15% 67% $0.69 1,885

Electric Other Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 3,320 10 $7,655 10% 70% $0.36 634

Electric Other Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 5,534 15 $24,999 50% 94% $0.57 6,977

Electric Other Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,320 5 $11,538 10% 66% $0.87 514

Electric Other Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 3,320 5 $2,804 50% 80% $0.21 2,489

Electric Other Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 553 18 $2,880 45% 65% $0.60 362

Electric Other Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 2,213 5 $2,159 10% 75% $0.24 448

Electric Other Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 480 10 $3,499 5.0% 85% $1.13 93

Electric Other Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,813 40 $99,561 3.5% 98% $5.54 137

Electric Other Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 723 12.5 $172 10% 39% $0.03 61

Electric Other Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 50 25 $17,522 75% 30% $38.51 25

Electric Other Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1 25 $4,943 25% 85% $496.13 0.51

Electric Other Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 929 20 $2,320 75% 59% $0.27 902

Electric Other Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 664 10 $778 95% 28% $0.18 387

Electric Other Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 64 30 $2,438 75% 55% $3.99 57

Electric Other Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 1,063 10 $777 90% 66% $0.11 12

Electric Other Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,793 25 $14,893 15% 70% $0.59 566

Electric Other Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,444 25 $32,054 15% 70% $1.45 489

Electric Other Heat Pump Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 2,160 15 $3,000 50% 94% $0.17 880

Electric Other Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 4,512 7 $2,366 90% 85% $0.10 2,498

Electric Other Heat Pump Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 5,775 15 $36,479 15% 67% $0.80 490

Electric Other Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 5,414 5 $11,538 10% 66% $0.53 294

Electric Other Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 5,414 5 $2,804 50% 80% $0.12 1,422

Electric Other Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 902 18 $2,880 45% 65% $0.36 207

Electric Other Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 2,174 14 $10,883 5.0% 94% $0.65 79

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-48
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Other Heat Pump Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 822 10 $3,499 5.0% 85% $0.66 53

Electric Other Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,769 40 $99,561 3.5% 98% $5.68 46

Electric Other Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 2,933 15 $75,392 3.8% 95% $7.60 67

Electric Other Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,421 12.5 $172 10% 39% $0.01 42

Electric Other Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,504 25 $17,522 75% 30% $0.77 433

Electric Other Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 336 25 $17,522 75% 70% $5.78 133

Electric Other Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 143 25 $4,943 25% 85% $3.81 23

Electric Other Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 1,516 20 $2,320 75% 59% $0.16 503

Electric Other Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,173 25 $9,238 35% 50% $0.46 281

Electric Other Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 314 25 $2,849 35% 50% $1.00 40

Electric Other Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,900 25 $8,620 10% 35% $0.49 48

Electric Other Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 1,082 10 $778 95% 28% $0.10 213

Electric Other Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 142 30 $5,313 75% 55% $3.95 42

Electric Other Heat Pump Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Standard Refrigeration

System

Per Building Existing 9,746 15 $3,294 25% 95% $0.03 2,006

Electric Other Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 1,063 10 $777 90% 66% $0.11 4

Electric Other Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,176 25 $14,893 15% 70% $0.75 149

Electric Other Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,522 25 $32,054 15% 70% $1.40 171

Electric Other Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 1,124 9.5 $313 20% 95% $0.03 2,554

Electric Other Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 705 8 $108 75% 70% $0.02 1,891

Electric Other Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 1,343 8 $365 90% 75% $0.04 10,060

Electric Other Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 687 13.69863 $138 75% 95% $0.02 284

Electric Other Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 607 18.666667 $820 47% 95% $0.15 3,055

Electric Other Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 719 8 $197 10% 81% $0.04 596

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 660 9 $644 25% 75% $0.16 1,075

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Continuous,

Fluorescent Fixtures

Continuous Dimming,

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 4,539 8 $7,931 30% 84% $0.31 10,791

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

Fluorescent

Refrigeration Case

Per Building Existing 147 6 $55 10% 80% $0.06 139

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 2,754 8 $1,022 90% 52% $0.06 11,281

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-49
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 1,475 8 $402 10% 100% $0.04 1,285

Electric Other Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 971 8 $1,022 90% 52% $0.18 4,631

Electric Other Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 520 8 $142 10% 100% $0.04 527

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 337 16 $56 95% 50% $0.01 1,828

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 122 13 $105 95% 98% $0.11 1,303

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 151 5 $17 70% 94% $0.03 316

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 826 8 $1,022 90% 52% $0.22 1,169

Electric Other Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 442 8 $120 10% 100% $0.04 133

Electric Other Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 6 7 $2 20% 20% $0.07 2

Electric Other Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 44 10 $1 95% 20% $-0.00 95

Electric Other Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 165 4 $2 95% 86% $0.00 191

Electric Other Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 17 6 $1 95% 20% $0.01 37

Electric Other Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 240 4 $60 60% 90% $0.07 1,476

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Standard Refrigerated

Open Display Cases

Per Building Existing 81 12 $126 15% 95% $0.22 132

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

No Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Per Building Existing 115 12 $9 15% 45% $0.01 88

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Case Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 543 15 $131 2.5% 77% $0.02 118

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Low Temp

Case Replacement

Low Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 11,729 15 $1,269 2.5% 98% $0.01 65

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Med Temp

Case Replacement

Med Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 1,000 15 $657 2.5% 98% $0.08 5

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 118 10 $98 90% 85% $0.12 1,031

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 53 10 $44 90% 85% $0.12 466

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Compressor VSD

Retrofit

VSD Compressor Constant Speed

Compressor

Per Building Existing 154 13 $52 60% 77% $0.04 717

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Demand Control

Defrost - Hot Gas

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric Per Building Existing 17 10 $43 5.0% 68% $0.37 6

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Display Case Motion

Sensors

Display Case Motion

Sensors

No Motion Sensors Per Building Existing 28 8 $2 90% 85% $0.01 208

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Evaporative

Condenser -

High-Efficiency

High-Efficiency

Evaporative Condenser

Air-Cooled Condenser Per Building Existing 17 15 $84 90% 65% $0.62 66

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Evaporator Fan

Controller

ECM Evaporator Fan

Controller

No Controller Per Building Existing 163 15 $181 90% 85% $0.13 1,175

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-50
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Floating Condenser

Head Pressure

Controls

Floating Condenser

Head Pressure

Controls

No Floating

Condenser Head

Pressure Controls

Per Building Existing 81 15 $27 50% 81% $0.04 280

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Glass Doors Per Building Existing 2 12 $2 95% 77% $0.12 22

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

High-Efficiency

Compressor

High-Efficiency

Compressor (15%

More Efficient)

Standard Compressor,

40% Efficiency

Per Building Existing 9,761 10 $6,343 85% 72% $0.10 591

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice

Maker

Standard Ice Maker Per Building Existing 47 10 $0.00 95% 86% $-0.02 440

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Night Covers for

Display Cases

Night Covers for

Display Cases

No Night Covers Per Building Existing 76 5 $13 5.0% 85% $0.04 37

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Refrigeration

Commissioning of

New or Existing

Buildings

New or Existing

Building Refrigeration

Commissioning

No Commissioning Per Building Existing 160 3 $25 5.0% 85% $0.06 51

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Building Existing 188 10 $59 75% 95% $0.04 128

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Solid Door Per Building Existing 8 12 $-2.3914952 95% 81% $-0.05 74

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Standalone to

Multiplex Compressor

Standalone to

Multiplex Compressor

Standalone

compressor

Per Building Existing 37 13 $5 2.5% 90% $0.01 6

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

No Strip Curtains for

Walk-In

Per Building Existing 133 4 $8 5.0% 20% $0.01 15

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

VFD Rooftop Unit

Supply Fan (Grocery

Only)

VFD Rooftop Unit

Supply Fan (Grocery

Only)

Standard Supply Fan Per Building Existing 366 15 $111 25% 95% $0.03 638

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Visi Cooler High Efficiency Visi

Cooler

Standard Visi Cooler Per Building Existing 373 10 $70 95% 85% $0.02 3,432

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Walk-In Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 163 15 $181 2.5% 95% $0.13 44

Electric Other Refrigeratio

n

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 1 10 $106 2.5% 94% $10.76 0.15

Electric Other Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $130 25% 100% $0.04 1,184

Electric Other Servers Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization Per Building Existing 360 4 $337 72% 85% $0.29 2,006

Electric Other Space Heat Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 3,138 15 $3,000 50% 94% $0.10 5,366

Electric Other Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 3,923 7 $2,366 90% 85% $0.10 8,022

Electric Other Space Heat Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 4,080 15 $36,479 15% 67% $1.12 1,426

Electric Other Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 4,708 5 $11,538 10% 66% $0.60 1,047

Electric Other Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 4,708 5 $2,804 50% 80% $0.13 5,065

Electric Other Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 784 18 $2,880 45% 65% $0.41 737

Electric Other Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 3,138 5 $2,159 10% 75% $0.16 805

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-51
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Other Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 4,708 14 $10,883 5.0% 94% $0.29 703

Electric Other Space Heat Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 647 10 $3,499 5.0% 85% $0.83 189

Electric Other Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 2,052 12.5 $172 10% 39% $-0.01 250

Electric Other Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 5,293 25 $17,522 75% 30% $0.35 3,740

Electric Other Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 666 25 $17,522 75% 70% $2.90 1,057

Electric Other Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 644 25 $4,943 25% 85% $0.83 409

Electric Other Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 1,318 20 $2,320 75% 59% $0.18 1,731

Electric Other Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 10,386 25 $9,238 35% 50% $0.08 5,307

Electric Other Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 1,330 25 $2,849 35% 50% $0.22 640

Electric Other Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 14,399 25 $8,620 10% 35% $0.05 1,376

Electric Other Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 941 10 $778 95% 28% $0.11 683

Electric Other Space Heat Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 7,847 10 $25,319 25% 98% $0.49 4,631

Electric Other Space Heat Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 235 25 $32,054 15% 70% $15.12 55

Electric Other Vending

Machines

Vending Miser Passive Infrared

Sensor on Vending

Machine Monitoring

Vacancy of Area And

Cycles

Cooling - Controls

No Vending Miser - No

controls

Per Building Existing 1,796 3 $169 10% 25% $0.03 26

Electric Other Ventilation

And

Circulation

Automated Exhaust

VFD Control - Parking

Garage CO sensor

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Building Existing 13,565 10 $1,470 5.0% 85% $0.01 2,039

Electric Other Ventilation

And

Circulation

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 3,057 15 $36,479 15% 67% $1.51 2,878

Electric Other Ventilation

And

Circulation

Cooking Hood

Controls

Demand-Ventilation

Control

No Controls Per Building Existing 93 18 $199 95% 65% $0.24 542

Electric Other Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 259 15 $78 95% 76% $0.03 1,721

Electric Other Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 6,497 20 $1,335 65% 75% $0.01 28,936

Electric Other Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - VAV Box High

Efficiency (ECM)

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 1,337 15 $4,382 13% 77% $0.41 1,064

Electric Other Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 211 7 $60 65% 25% $0.05 274

Electric Other Ventilation

And

Circulation

Optimized Variable

Volume Lab Hood

Design

Optimized Variable

Volume Lab Hood

Design

Constant Volume Lab

Hood Design

Per Building Existing 407 13 $1,706 5.0% 59% $0.57 113

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-52
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 688 10 $8,285 0.3% 95% $1.75 5

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 37 7 $14 95% 80% $-2.40 89

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 227 10 $3,333 55% 94% $2.28 366

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 14 12 $45 5.4% 25% $0.44 0.61

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 4 12 $2 95% 95% $-74.20 12

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 909 25 $2,292 5.0% 92% $0.27 126

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 175 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.03 392

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 60 9 $3 95% 25% $-0.05 45

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 429 4 $130 95% 93% $0.08 1,183

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 19 10 $10 95% 73% $-0.49 43

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 39 10 $9 95% 35% $-0.56 41

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 45 12 $28 80% 90% $0.08 89

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 113 10 $331 75% 95% $0.39 254

Electric Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 5 10 $106 2.5% 94% $3.26 0.31

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 676 10 $8,285 0.3% 95% $1.78 4

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 37 7 $14 95% 80% $-2.40 87

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 223 10 $3,333 55% 94% $2.32 353

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 14 12 $45 5.4% 25% $0.44 0.60

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 4 12 $2 95% 95% $-75.55 12

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 909 25 $2,292 5.0% 92% $0.27 122

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-53
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 172 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.03 378

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 59 9 $3 95% 25% $-0.05 43

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 429 4 $130 95% 93% $0.08 1,162

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 19 10 $10 95% 73% $-0.49 42

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 39 10 $9 95% 35% $-0.56 40

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 44 12 $28 80% 90% $0.09 85

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 111 10 $331 75% 95% $0.40 245

Electric Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 5 10 $106 2.5% 94% $3.32 0.30

Electric Restaurant Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 4,663 12 $786 90% 90% $0.02 2,812

Electric Restaurant Cooking Fryers - New CEE

Efficient Electric Deep

Fat Fryers

15 inch width Deep

Fryer CEE 2006

rating: 80% under

heavy load, Less than

1000 watt at idle

15 inch width standard

electric deep fat fryers

Per Building Existing 213 12 $299 70% 35% $0.19 39

Electric Restaurant Cooking Griddle 70% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 1,135 12 $400 95% 35% $0.04 281

Electric Restaurant Cooking Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

ENERGY STAR Hot

Food Holding Cabinet

Non ENERGY STAR

Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

Per Building Existing 2,680 12 $1,713 35% 21% $0.08 148

Electric Restaurant Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 839 12 $95 20% 35% $0.01 79

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 1,801 7 $690 90% 85% $0.07 1,964

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 2,161 10 $3,969 10% 50% $0.28 207

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 3,602 15 $7,291 50% 94% $0.25 3,207

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,161 5 $3,365 10% 100% $0.39 361

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,161 5 $817 50% 100% $0.09 1,423

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 360 18 $840 45% 65% $0.27 163

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 1,440 5 $1,119 10% 75% $0.19 206

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 990 10 $3,500 100% 85% $0.55 846

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,138 40 $28,009 3.5% 98% $2.48 57

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 720 12.5 $142 10% 39% $0.02 41

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 32 25 $4,929 75% 85% $16.64 30

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 0.72 25 $1,390 25% 98% $214.45 0.25

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-54
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 605 20 $677 75% 56% $0.12 371

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 432 10 $807 95% 25% $0.29 150

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 257 30 $3,629 75% 55% $1.49 152

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 733 10 $645 90% 66% $0.13 5

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,817 25 $12,372 15% 80% $0.75 280

Electric Restaurant Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,591 25 $26,631 15% 80% $1.85 241

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,076 7 $690 90% 85% $0.06 640

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,491 5 $3,365 10% 100% $0.34 120

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,491 5 $817 50% 100% $0.08 473

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 415 18 $840 45% 65% $0.23 54

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 413 14 $6,019 5.0% 94% $1.91 8

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 1,228 10 $3,500 100% 85% $0.44 281

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,094 40 $28,009 3.5% 98% $2.58 15

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 1,880 15 $90,944 3.8% 95% $6.15 23

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 413 12.5 $142 10% 39% $0.04 6

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 491 25 $4,929 75% 85% $1.11 133

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 63 25 $4,929 75% 83% $8.69 16

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 18 25 $1,390 25% 98% $8.56 1

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 697 20 $677 75% 56% $0.10 121

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 65 25 $2,598 35% 90% $4.38 8

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 14 25 $801 35% 90% $6.28 1

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 140 25 $4,526 10% 35% $3.57 2

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 498 10 $807 95% 25% $0.25 49

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 253 30 $4,050 75% 55% $1.69 42

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Standard Refrigeration

System

Per Building Existing 4,484 15 $1,708 25% 95% $0.04 513

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 733 10 $645 90% 66% $0.13 1

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,642 25 $12,372 15% 80% $0.83 71

Electric Restaurant Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,555 25 $26,631 15% 80% $1.90 67

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 327 9.5 $91 20% 95% $0.03 276

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 374 8 $57 75% 70% $0.02 395

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-55
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 751 8 $273 90% 75% $0.06 2,103

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 364 13.69863 $73 75% 95% $0.02 59

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 177 18.666667 $239 47% 95% $0.15 330

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 402 8 $110 10% 81% $0.04 125

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 399 9 $187 10% 75% $0.07 64

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Continuous,

Fluorescent Fixtures

Continuous Dimming,

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 721 8 $3,499 30% 98% $0.87 760

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

Fluorescent

Refrigeration Case

Per Building Existing 1,180 6 $438 25% 80% $0.06 1,060

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 1,094 8 $298 45% 64% $0.04 1,062

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 586 8 $160 10% 100% $0.04 201

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 79 8 $298 45% 64% $0.67 86

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 42 8 $11 10% 100% $0.04 16

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 337 16 $56 95% 50% $0.01 677

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 122 13 $105 95% 98% $0.11 482

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 271 5 $23 70% 94% $0.02 225

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 1,481 8 $298 45% 64% $0.03 510

Electric Restaurant Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 793 8 $216 10% 100% $0.04 96

Electric Restaurant Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 3 7 $1 20% 20% $0.05 0.66

Electric Restaurant Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 160 10 $0.37 95% 20% $-0.01 128

Electric Restaurant Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 48 4 $0.74 95% 86% $0.00 46

Electric Restaurant Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 17 6 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 14

Electric Restaurant Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 70 4 $17 60% 90% $0.07 159

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Standard Refrigerated

Open Display Cases

Per Building Existing 653 12 $1,012 15% 95% $0.22 393

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

No Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Per Building Existing 923 12 $79 25% 45% $0.01 438

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Case Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 316 15 $76 10% 77% $0.02 102

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-56
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Low Temp

Case Replacement

Low Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 3,421 15 $370 10% 98% $0.01 70

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Med Temp

Case Replacement

Med Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 291 15 $192 10% 98% $0.08 6

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 949 10 $787 90% 85% $0.12 3,070

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 429 10 $355 90% 85% $0.12 1,389

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Demand Control

Defrost - Hot Gas

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric Per Building Existing 242 10 $12 5.0% 68% $0.00 34

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Display Case Motion

Sensors

Display Case Motion

Sensors

No Motion Sensors Per Building Existing 228 8 $22 90% 85% $0.01 690

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Evaporative

Condenser -

High-Efficiency

High-Efficiency

Evaporative Condenser

Air-Cooled Condenser Per Building Existing 137 15 $678 90% 65% $0.62 332

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Evaporator Fan

Controller

ECM Evaporator Fan

Controller

No Controller Per Building Existing 327 15 $363 90% 85% $0.13 976

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Glass Doors Per Building Existing 126 12 $119 95% 77% $0.13 387

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

High-Efficiency

Compressor

High-Efficiency

Compressor (15%

More Efficient)

Standard Compressor,

40% Efficiency

Per Building Existing 9,978 10 $6,484 85% 72% $0.10 3,680

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice

Maker

Standard Ice Maker Per Building Existing 809 10 $0.74 95% 86% $-0.02 2,779

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Night Covers for

Display Cases

Night Covers for

Display Cases

No Night Covers Per Building Existing 614 5 $98 30% 85% $0.04 661

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Refrigeration

Commissioning of

New or Existing

Buildings

New or Existing

Building Refrigeration

Commissioning

No Commissioning Per Building Existing 1,283 3 $201 10% 85% $0.06 376

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Building Existing 154 10 $62 75% 95% $0.06 646

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Solid Door Per Building Existing 396 12 $-93.228017 95% 81% $-0.04 1,286

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

No Strip Curtains for

Walk-In

Per Building Existing 133 4 $8 5.0% 20% $0.02 5

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Visi Cooler High Efficiency Visi

Cooler

Standard Visi Cooler Per Building Existing 108 10 $20 95% 85% $0.02 371

Electric Restaurant Refrigeratio

n

Walk-In Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 327 15 $363 75% 95% $0.13 986

Electric Restaurant Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $129 25% 100% $0.04 439

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 592 7 $690 90% 85% $0.23 115

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 710 5 $3,365 10% 100% $1.18 26

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 710 5 $817 50% 100% $0.29 105

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 118 18 $840 45% 65% $0.82 12

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 473 5 $1,119 10% 75% $0.59 13

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 710 14 $6,019 5.0% 94% $1.11 11

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-57
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 304 10 $3,500 100% 85% $1.79 62

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 473 12.5 $142 10% 39% $0.04 6

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 786 25 $4,929 75% 85% $0.69 164

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 99 25 $4,929 75% 83% $5.52 18

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 95 25 $1,390 25% 98% $1.61 6

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 198 20 $677 75% 56% $0.38 24

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,064 25 $2,598 35% 90% $0.27 95

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 198 25 $801 35% 90% $0.44 16

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,225 25 $4,526 10% 35% $0.22 20

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 142 10 $807 95% 25% $0.88 8

Electric Restaurant Space Heat Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 35 25 $26,631 15% 80% $83.33 0.97

Electric Restaurant Ventilation

And

Circulation

Cooking Hood

Controls

Demand-Ventilation

Control

No Controls Per Building Existing 1,865 18 $6,249 95% 25% $0.38 1,673

Electric Restaurant Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 127 15 $23 95% 76% $0.02 334

Electric Restaurant Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 3,185 20 $389 65% 75% $0.01 5,616

Electric Restaurant Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 61 7 $17 65% 25% $0.05 31

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 1,543 10 $972 75% 94% $0.09 799

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 15 12 $46 46% 25% $0.43 1

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 2,898 12 $1,648 95% 95% $-0.04 1,922

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 6,088 25 $1,874 5.0% 92% $0.02 183

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,192 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.04 624

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 411 9 $3 95% 25% $-0.07 71

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 816 4 $246 95% 46% $0.04 263

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 308 12 $25 80% 90% $0.00 139

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 771 10 $275 75% 75% $-0.02 318

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-58
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 1,515 10 $972 75% 94% $0.09 770

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 15 12 $46 46% 25% $0.43 1

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 2,846 12 $1,619 95% 95% $-0.04 1,853

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 6,088 25 $1,874 5.0% 92% $0.02 177

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,171 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.04 601

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 404 9 $3 95% 25% $-0.07 69

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 816 4 $246 95% 46% $0.04 258

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 303 12 $25 80% 90% $0.00 134

Electric Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 757 10 $275 75% 75% $-0.02 307

Electric School Computers Network PC Power

Management

Network PC Power

Management

No Power

Management

Per Building Existing 12,730 4 $1,249 95% 30% $0.03 3,560

Electric School Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 70 12 $10 90% 90% $0.01 34

Electric School Cooking Fryers - New CEE

Efficient Electric Deep

Fat Fryers

15 inch width Deep

Fryer CEE 2006

rating: 80% under

heavy load, Less than

1000 watt at idle

15 inch width standard

electric deep fat fryers

Per Building Existing 3 12 $5 35% 35% $0.23 0.24

Electric School Cooking Griddle 70% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 26 12 $10 95% 35% $0.05 5

Electric School Cooking Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

ENERGY STAR Hot

Food Holding Cabinet

Non ENERGY STAR

Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

Per Building Existing 62 12 $37 75% 21% $0.08 6

Electric School Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 19 12 $5 5.0% 35% $0.03 0.38

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,608 15 $13,377 25% 94% $1.05 89

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Chilled

Water / Condenser

Water

Settings-Optimization

Additional Control

Features

EMS already

installed - No

Optimization

Per Building Existing 201 5 $9,112 95% 81% $11.36 35

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Chilled Water Piping

Loop w/ VSD Control

VSD for secondary

chilled water loop

Primary loop only w/

constant speed pump 

Per Building Existing 1,215 10 $56,104 25% 70% $7.20 48

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Chiller-Water Side

Economizer

Install Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 804 15 $30,247 45% 90% $20.60 73

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,010 7 $10,545 90% 85% $1.04 278

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 4,824 15 $62,639 15% 67% $4.28 107

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Decrease

Approach Temperature

6 Deg F 10 Deg F Per Building Existing 1,286 7.5 $6,929 10% 94% $0.73 27

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-59
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-One-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 2,251 15 $622 75% 35% $0.03 125

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Cooling Tower-VSD

Fan Control

Variable-Speed Tower

Fans replace

Two-Speed

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 643 13 $5,020 75% 75% $1.06 73

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,412 5 $51,438 10% 34% $5.34 16

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,412 5 $12,502 50% 80% $1.30 153

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 910 10 $3,502 73% 85% $0.60 84

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,402 40 $72,582 3.5% 98% $34.05 8

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 804 12.5 $1,410 10% 39% $0.25 5

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 73 25 $83,170 75% 15% $126.11 1

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 0.80 25 $23,466 25% 85% $3,242.32 0.03

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Pipe

Insulation - Chilled

Water

1.5" of Insulation,

assuming R-6 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 241 15 $1,099 65% 45% $0.58 12

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 482 10 $734 15% 26% $0.23 3

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 300 30 $3,357 75% 55% $1.18 22

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 4,832 10 $12,885 25% 98% $3.64 160

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 7,293 10 $6,377 90% 66% $0.13 6

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,029 25 $22,191 15% 60% $6.68 27

Electric School Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,738 25 $63,000 15% 60% $16.80 23

Electric School Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,819 15 $13,377 25% 94% $0.93 90

Electric School Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,274 7 $10,545 90% 85% $0.92 268

Electric School Cooling Dx Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 5,458 15 $62,639 15% 67% $3.79 113

Electric School Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 2,729 10 $40,447 10% 60% $2.31 32

Electric School Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 4,549 15 $11,458 50% 94% $3.11 422

Electric School Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,729 5 $51,438 10% 34% $4.72 16

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-60
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric School Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,729 5 $12,502 50% 80% $1.15 151

Electric School Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 454 18 $12,840 45% 65% $3.30 22

Electric School Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 1,819 5 $11,414 10% 75% $1.57 27

Electric School Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 992 10 $3,502 73% 85% $0.55 82

Electric School Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,586 40 $72,582 3.5% 98% $30.09 8

Electric School Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 909 12.5 $1,410 10% 39% $0.22 5

Electric School Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 82 25 $83,170 75% 15% $111.46 1

Electric School Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 0.90 25 $23,466 25% 85% $2,865.56 0.03

Electric School Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 764 20 $10,352 75% 55% $1.51 50

Electric School Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 545 10 $734 95% 21% $0.21 16

Electric School Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 192 30 $2,386 75% 55% $1.31 12

Electric School Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 7,293 10 $6,377 90% 66% $0.13 6

Electric School Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,295 25 $22,191 15% 60% $5.91 28

Electric School Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,966 25 $63,000 15% 60% $14.85 24

Electric School Heat Pump Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,760 15 $13,377 25% 94% $0.96 97

Electric School Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 18,023 7 $10,545 90% 85% $0.11 2,617

Electric School Heat Pump Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 23,069 15 $62,639 15% 67% $0.89 548

Electric School Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 21,627 5 $51,438 10% 34% $0.59 172

Electric School Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 21,627 5 $12,502 50% 80% $0.14 1,598

Electric School Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 3,604 18 $12,840 45% 65% $0.41 232

Electric School Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 18,987 14 $48,525 5.0% 94% $0.33 194

Electric School Heat Pump Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 7,659 10 $3,502 73% 85% $0.06 869

Electric School Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,534 40 $72,582 3.5% 98% $31.10 11

Electric School Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 2,390 15 $26,768 3.8% 95% $49.31 14

Electric School Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 18,987 12.5 $1,410 10% 39% $0.00 155

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-61
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric School Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 29,832 25 $83,170 75% 15% $0.30 703

Electric School Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,011 25 $83,170 75% 70% $3.06 323

Electric School Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 2,258 25 $23,466 25% 85% $1.14 97

Electric School Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 6,055 20 $10,352 75% 55% $0.18 507

Electric School Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 31,444 25 $43,848 35% 35% $0.14 764

Electric School Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 6,110 25 $13,532 35% 35% $0.24 144

Electric School Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 32,629 25 $20,366 10% 35% $0.06 219

Electric School Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 4,325 10 $734 95% 21% $0.02 161

Electric School Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 212 30 $2,488 75% 55% $1.23 16

Electric School Heat Pump Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Standard Refrigeration

System

Per Building Existing 38,929 15 $15,624 25% 95% $0.04 2,187

Electric School Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 7,293 10 $6,377 90% 66% $0.13 7

Electric School Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,776 25 $63,000 15% 60% $7.73 58

Electric School Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 5,011 9.5 $1,394 20% 95% $0.03 1,117

Electric School Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 1,537 8 $236 75% 70% $0.02 506

Electric School Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 2,561 8 $729 90% 75% $0.05 1,865

Electric School Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 1,497 13.69863 $300 75% 95% $0.02 76

Electric School Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 2,707 18.666667 $3,658 47% 95% $0.15 1,336

Electric School Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 1,982 8 $541 10% 81% $0.04 160

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 2,921 9 $2,874 50% 75% $0.16 1,104

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Continuous,

Fluorescent Fixtures

Continuous Dimming,

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 22,302 8 $17,281 30% 81% $0.14 5,346

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

Fluorescent

Refrigeration Case

Per Building Existing 1,641 6 $611 10% 80% $0.07 162

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 9,367 8 $4,559 90% 35% $0.08 2,674

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 7,248 8 $1,984 10% 95% $0.04 639

Electric School Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 968 8 $4,559 90% 35% $0.85 295

Electric School Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 749 8 $203 10% 95% $0.04 70

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 217 16 $37 95% 50% $0.01 115

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 79 13 $69 95% 98% $0.11 82

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-62
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 32 5 $5 70% 94% $0.04 9

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 498 8 $4,559 90% 35% $1.65 62

Electric School Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 385 8 $107 10% 95% $0.05 14

Electric School Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 0.93 7 $0.00 20% 20% $-0.01 0.04

Electric School Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 41 10 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 8

Electric School Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 735 4 $5 95% 86% $-0.00 2

Electric School Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 16 6 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 3

Electric School Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 535 4 $134 60% 90% $0.07 322

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Standard Refrigerated

Open Display Cases

Per Building Existing 907 12 $1,405 15% 95% $0.22 144

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

No Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Per Building Existing 1,282 12 $107 15% 45% $0.01 96

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Case Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 2,421 15 $590 5.0% 77% $0.02 103

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Low Temp

Case Replacement

Low Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 52,294 15 $5,664 5.0% 98% $0.01 143

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Med Temp

Case Replacement

Med Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 4,460 15 $2,933 5.0% 98% $0.08 12

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 1,319 10 $1,094 90% 85% $0.12 1,128

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 597 10 $493 90% 85% $0.12 510

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Demand Control

Defrost - Hot Gas

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric Per Building Existing 287 10 $193 5.0% 68% $0.10 10

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Display Case Motion

Sensors

Display Case Motion

Sensors

No Motion Sensors Per Building Existing 317 8 $32 90% 85% $0.01 249

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Evaporative

Condenser -

High-Efficiency

High-Efficiency

Evaporative Condenser

Air-Cooled Condenser Per Building Existing 191 15 $944 90% 65% $0.62 104

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Evaporator Fan

Controller

ECM Evaporator Fan

Controller

No Controller Per Building Existing 327 15 $364 90% 85% $0.13 253

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Glass Doors Per Building Existing 9 12 $10 95% 77% $0.15 7

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

High-Efficiency

Compressor

High-Efficiency

Compressor (15%

More Efficient)

Standard Compressor,

40% Efficiency

Per Building Existing 51,577 10 $33,523 85% 72% $0.10 1,141

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice

Maker

Standard Ice Maker Per Building Existing 714 10 $0.00 95% 86% $-0.02 648

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Night Covers for

Display Cases

Night Covers for

Display Cases

No Night Covers Per Building Existing 853 5 $134 50% 85% $0.03 405

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Refrigeration

Commissioning of

New or Existing

Buildings

New or Existing

Building Refrigeration

Commissioning

No Commissioning Per Building Existing 1,783 3 $278 10% 85% $0.06 136

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Building Existing 553 10 $53 75% 95% $0.01 202

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-63
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Solid Door Per Building Existing 30 12 $-5.3637393 95% 81% $-0.03 26

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

No Strip Curtains for

Walk-In

Per Building Existing 133 4 $10 95% 20% $0.02 28

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Visi Cooler High Efficiency Visi

Cooler

Standard Visi Cooler Per Building Existing 1,664 10 $311 95% 85% $0.02 1,501

Electric School Refrigeratio

n

Walk-In Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 327 15 $364 10% 95% $0.13 34

Electric School Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $128 25% 100% $0.04 116

Electric School Servers Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization Per Building Existing 360 4 $337 72% 85% $0.29 196

Electric School Space Heat Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 30,345 15 $13,377 25% 94% $0.05 550

Electric School Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 37,932 7 $10,545 90% 85% $0.05 1,730

Electric School Space Heat Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 39,449 15 $62,639 15% 67% $0.51 299

Electric School Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 45,518 5 $51,438 10% 34% $0.28 115

Electric School Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 45,518 5 $12,502 50% 80% $0.06 1,070

Electric School Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 7,586 18 $12,840 45% 65% $0.19 155

Electric School Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 30,345 5 $11,414 10% 75% $0.09 169

Electric School Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 45,518 14 $48,525 5.0% 94% $0.13 148

Electric School Space Heat Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 14,293 10 $3,502 73% 85% $0.03 582

Electric School Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 30,345 12.5 $1,410 10% 39% $-0.00 78

Electric School Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 71,633 25 $83,170 75% 15% $0.12 538

Electric School Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 6,610 25 $83,170 75% 70% $1.39 225

Electric School Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 6,390 25 $23,466 25% 85% $0.40 87

Electric School Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 12,745 20 $10,352 75% 55% $0.08 338

Electric School Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 70,620 25 $43,848 35% 35% $0.06 543

Electric School Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 13,145 25 $13,532 35% 35% $0.10 98

Electric School Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 133,406 25 $20,366 10% 35% $0.01 283

Electric School Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 9,103 10 $734 95% 21% $0.00 106

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-64
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric School Space Heat Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 75,864 10 $12,885 25% 98% $0.22 999

Electric School Space Heat Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,928 25 $63,000 15% 60% $7.43 17

Electric School Vending

Machines

Vending Miser Passive Infrared

Sensor on Vending

Machine Monitoring

Vacancy of Area And

Cycles

Cooling - Controls

No Vending Miser - No

controls

Per Building Existing 1,796 3 $171 75% 25% $0.03 13

Electric School Ventilation

And

Circulation

Automated Exhaust

VFD Control - Parking

Garage CO sensor

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Building Existing 60,478 10 $6,559 1.0% 85% $0.01 133

Electric School Ventilation

And

Circulation

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 8,505 15 $62,639 15% 67% $2.42 947

Electric School Ventilation

And

Circulation

Cooking Hood

Controls

Demand-Ventilation

Control

No Controls Per Building Existing 1,119 18 $2,703 95% 85% $0.27 1,000

Electric School Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 722 15 $354 95% 76% $0.05 560

Electric School Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 18,074 20 $5,959 65% 75% $0.03 9,427

Electric School Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - VAV Box High

Efficiency (ECM)

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 3,721 15 $19,534 11% 77% $0.66 293

Electric School Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 944 7 $268 65% 25% $0.05 143

Electric School Ventilation

And

Circulation

Optimized Variable

Volume Lab Hood

Design

Optimized Variable

Volume Lab Hood

Design

Constant Volume Lab

Hood Design

Per Building Existing 1,134 13 $1,705 65% 59% $0.20 483

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 12,173 10 $8,281 1.8% 95% $-0.02 34

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 280 7 $107 95% 80% $-0.25 36

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 4,024 10 $14,862 55% 94% $0.57 356

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 13 12 $42 35% 25% $0.44 0.20

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 420 12 $241 95% 95% $-0.71 65

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 15,230 25 $7,916 5.0% 92% $0.05 122

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,109 9 $21 95% 75% $-0.00 381

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 1,073 9 $16 95% 25% $-0.01 43

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-65
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 773 4 $236 95% 65% $0.08 81

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 634 10 $348 95% 73% $0.07 75

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 1,268 10 $289 95% 35% $0.01 72

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 804 12 $96 80% 8% $0.01 8

Electric School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 2,012 10 $1,475 75% 75% $0.10 194

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 11,956 10 $8,281 1.8% 95% $-0.02 33

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 280 7 $107 95% 80% $-0.25 36

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 3,952 10 $14,862 55% 94% $0.58 343

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 13 12 $42 35% 25% $0.44 0.20

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 412 12 $236 95% 95% $-0.73 62

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 15,230 25 $7,916 5.0% 92% $0.05 118

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,054 9 $21 95% 75% $-0.00 367

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 1,053 9 $16 95% 25% $-0.01 42

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 773 4 $236 95% 65% $0.08 80

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 634 10 $348 95% 73% $0.07 74

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 1,268 10 $289 95% 35% $0.01 71

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 790 12 $96 80% 8% $0.01 8

Electric School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 1,976 10 $1,475 75% 75% $0.10 187

Electric University Computers Network PC Power

Management

Network PC Power

Management

No Power

Management

Per Building Existing 13,325 4 $1,304 95% 30% $0.03 870

Electric University Cooking Combination Oven 60% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 134 12 $22 90% 90% $0.02 15

Electric University Cooking Fryers - New CEE

Efficient Electric Deep

Fat Fryers

15 inch width Deep

Fryer CEE 2006

rating: 80% under

heavy load, Less than

1000 watt at idle

15 inch width standard

electric deep fat fryers

Per Building Existing 6 12 $11 35% 35% $0.25 0.10

Electric University Cooking Griddle 70% cooking

efficiency

Non ENERGY STAR Per Building Existing 50 12 $16 95% 35% $0.04 2

Electric University Cooking Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

ENERGY STAR Hot

Food Holding Cabinet

Non ENERGY STAR

Hot Food Holding

Cabinet

Per Building Existing 119 12 $78 75% 21% $0.09 2

Electric University Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 37 12 $5 5.0% 35% $0.01 0.16

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-66
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,683 15 $13,996 25% 94% $1.05 3

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Chilled

Water / Condenser

Water

Settings-Optimization

Additional Control

Features

EMS already

installed - No

Optimization

Per Building Existing 210 5 $9,539 95% 81% $11.36 1

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Chilled Water Piping

Loop w/ VSD Control

VSD for secondary

chilled water loop

Primary loop only w/

constant speed pump 

Per Building Existing 1,272 10 $58,724 25% 70% $7.20 1

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Chiller-Water Side

Economizer

Install Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 841 15 $36,336 45% 90% $20.60 2

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,104 7 $11,040 90% 85% $1.04 9

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 5,049 15 $70,238 15% 67% $4.28 3

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Decrease

Approach Temperature

6 Deg F 10 Deg F Per Building Existing 1,346 7.5 $7,256 10% 94% $0.73 0.92

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-One-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 2,356 15 $652 75% 35% $0.03 4

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Cooling Tower-VSD

Fan Control

Variable-Speed Tower

Fans replace

Two-Speed

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 673 13 $5,250 75% 75% $1.06 2

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,524 5 $53,845 10% 34% $5.34 0.56

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,524 5 $13,086 50% 80% $1.30 5

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 1,024 10 $3,502 73% 85% $0.53 2

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 654 40 $20,480 3.5% 98% $34.05 0.13

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 841 12.5 $1,472 10% 39% $0.25 0.19

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 76 25 $38,808 75% 13% $56.22 0.04

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 0.84 25 $10,944 25% 85% $1,444.68 0.00

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Pipe

Insulation - Chilled

Water

1.5" of Insulation,

assuming R-6 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 252 15 $1,146 65% 45% $0.57 0.44

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 504 10 $1,641 15% 26% $0.50 0.11

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 197 30 $2,068 75% 55% $1.11 0.48

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 5,058 10 $18,163 25% 98% $3.64 5

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 7,634 10 $6,677 90% 66% $0.13 0.22

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,123 25 $27,899 15% 60% $6.68 0.95

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-67
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric University Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,819 25 $75,287 15% 60% $16.80 0.81

Electric University Cooling Dx Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,904 15 $13,996 25% 94% $0.93 4

Electric University Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,380 7 $11,040 90% 85% $0.92 14

Electric University Cooling Dx Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 5,713 15 $70,238 15% 67% $3.79 6

Electric University Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 2,856 10 $42,338 10% 60% $2.31 1

Electric University Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 4,761 15 $16,668 50% 94% $3.11 22

Electric University Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,856 5 $53,845 10% 34% $4.72 0.86

Electric University Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,856 5 $13,086 50% 80% $1.15 8

Electric University Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 476 18 $13,440 45% 65% $3.30 1

Electric University Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 1,904 5 $11,945 10% 75% $1.57 1

Electric University Cooling Dx Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 1,116 10 $3,502 73% 85% $0.49 4

Electric University Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 740 40 $20,480 3.5% 98% $30.09 0.20

Electric University Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 952 12.5 $1,472 10% 39% $0.22 0.29

Electric University Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 86 25 $38,808 75% 13% $49.68 0.06

Electric University Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 0.95 25 $10,944 25% 85% $1,276.80 0.00

Electric University Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 799 20 $10,832 75% 55% $1.51 2

Electric University Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 571 10 $1,641 95% 21% $0.45 0.88

Electric University Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 215 30 $2,495 75% 55% $1.23 0.69

Electric University Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 7,634 10 $6,677 90% 66% $0.13 0.32

Electric University Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,403 25 $27,899 15% 60% $5.91 1

Electric University Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,058 25 $75,287 15% 60% $14.85 1

Electric University Heat Pump Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,842 15 $13,996 25% 94% $0.96 1

Electric University Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 18,865 7 $11,040 90% 85% $0.11 36

Electric University Heat Pump Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 24,147 15 $70,238 15% 67% $0.89 7

Electric University Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 22,638 5 $53,845 10% 34% $0.59 2

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-68
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric University Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 22,638 5 $13,086 50% 80% $0.14 21

Electric University Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 3,773 18 $13,440 45% 65% $0.41 3

Electric University Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 19,874 14 $50,793 5.0% 94% $0.33 2

Electric University Heat Pump Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 8,616 10 $3,502 73% 85% $0.06 11

Electric University Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 716 40 $20,480 3.5% 98% $31.10 0.06

Electric University Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 2,502 15 $70,073 3.8% 95% $49.31 0.20

Electric University Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 19,874 12.5 $1,472 10% 39% $0.00 2

Electric University Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 20,975 25 $38,808 75% 13% $0.20 5

Electric University Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 2,114 25 $38,808 75% 70% $2.03 2

Electric University Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1,690 25 $10,944 25% 85% $0.71 0.95

Electric University Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 6,338 20 $10,832 75% 55% $0.18 6

Electric University Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 25,133 25 $20,461 35% 35% $0.08 8

Electric University Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 4,885 25 $6,306 35% 35% $0.13 1

Electric University Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 57,135 25 $21,315 10% 35% $0.03 5

Electric University Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 4,527 10 $1,641 95% 21% $0.05 2

Electric University Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 178 30 $1,967 75% 55% $1.16 0.18

Electric University Heat Pump Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Variable Refrigerant

Flow Cooling System

Standard Refrigeration

System

Per Building Existing 40,748 15 $16,352 25% 95% $0.04 29

Electric University Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 7,634 10 $6,677 90% 66% $0.13 0.10

Electric University Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,953 25 $75,287 15% 60% $7.73 0.80

Electric University Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 5,245 9.5 $1,461 20% 95% $0.03 273

Electric University Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 1,050 8 $163 75% 70% $0.02 123

Electric University Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 2,681 8 $730 90% 75% $0.04 456

Electric University Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 1,023 13.69863 $207 75% 95% $0.02 18

Electric University Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 2,834 18.666667 $3,828 47% 95% $0.15 326

Electric University Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 2,074 8 $567 10% 81% $0.04 39

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 4,244 9 $3,007 50% 75% $0.11 508

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Continuous,

Fluorescent Fixtures

Continuous Dimming,

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 43,904 8 $11,804 30% 81% $0.04 2,459

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-69
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

LED Refrigeration

Case Lights

Fluorescent

Refrigeration Case

Per Building Existing 1,717 6 $635 10% 80% $0.06 39

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 18,440 8 $4,766 90% 35% $0.04 1,230

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 14,269 8 $3,901 10% 95% $0.04 294

Electric University Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 1,629 8 $4,766 90% 35% $0.52 116

Electric University Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 1,261 8 $348 10% 95% $0.05 27

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 830 16 $140 95% 50% $0.01 102

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 301 13 $258 95% 98% $0.11 73

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 457 5 $89 70% 94% $0.05 29

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 6,921 8 $4,766 90% 35% $0.12 202

Electric University Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 5,355 8 $1,461 10% 95% $0.04 48

Electric University Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 0.97 7 $0.00 20% 20% $-0.01 0.01

Electric University Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 92 10 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 4

Electric University Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 770 4 $5 95% 86% $-0.00 0.71

Electric University Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 36 6 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 1

Electric University Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 560 4 $140 60% 90% $0.07 78

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Add Doors to

Refrigerated Open

Display Cases

Standard Refrigerated

Open Display Cases

Per Building Existing 950 12 $1,472 15% 95% $0.22 35

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

No Anti-Sweat

(Humidistat) Controls

Per Building Existing 1,342 12 $112 15% 45% $0.01 23

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Case Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Case Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 2,535 15 $618 5.0% 77% $0.02 25

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Low Temp

Case Replacement

Low Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 54,737 15 $5,930 5.0% 98% $0.01 35

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Case Replacement

Med Temp

Case Replacement

Med Temp

No replacement Per Building Existing 4,668 15 $3,069 5.0% 98% $0.08 2

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator -

Semivertical - No

Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 1,381 10 $1,146 90% 85% $0.12 275

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Commercial

Refrigerator - Vertical -

No Doors - Med Temp

Standard Case Per Building Existing 625 10 $517 90% 85% $0.12 124

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Demand Control

Defrost - Hot Gas

Refrigerant Defrost Defrost - Electric Per Building Existing 301 10 $196 5.0% 68% $0.10 2

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Display Case Motion

Sensors

Display Case Motion

Sensors

No Motion Sensors Per Building Existing 332 8 $33 90% 85% $0.01 61

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-70
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Evaporative

Condenser -

High-Efficiency

High-Efficiency

Evaporative Condenser

Air-Cooled Condenser Per Building Existing 200 15 $983 90% 65% $0.62 25

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Evaporator Fan

Controller

ECM Evaporator Fan

Controller

No Controller Per Building Existing 327 15 $365 90% 85% $0.13 59

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Glass Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Glass Doors Per Building Existing 9 12 $11 95% 77% $0.16 1

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

High-Efficiency

Compressor

High-Efficiency

Compressor (15%

More Efficient)

Standard Compressor,

40% Efficiency

Per Building Existing 53,988 10 $35,087 85% 72% $0.10 279

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Ice Maker High-Efficiency Ice

Maker

Standard Ice Maker Per Building Existing 714 10 $0.00 95% 86% $-0.02 151

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Night Covers for

Display Cases

Night Covers for

Display Cases

No Night Covers Per Building Existing 893 5 $140 50% 85% $0.03 99

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Refrigeration

Commissioning of

New or Existing

Buildings

New or Existing

Building Refrigeration

Commissioning

No Commissioning Per Building Existing 1,867 3 $292 10% 85% $0.06 33

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Refrigerator eCube Refrigerator eCube No Refrigerator eCube Per Building Existing 1,025 10 $123 75% 95% $0.01 49

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Solid Door ENERGY

STAR

Refrigerators/Freezers

Standard Solid Door Per Building Existing 30 12 $-5.6212027 95% 81% $-0.03 6

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

Strip Curtains for

Walk-Ins

No Strip Curtains for

Walk-In

Per Building Existing 133 4 $11 95% 20% $0.02 6

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Visi Cooler High Efficiency Visi

Cooler

Standard Visi Cooler Per Building Existing 1,741 10 $326 95% 85% $0.02 367

Electric University Refrigeratio

n

Walk-In Electronically

Commutated Motor

ECM Evaporator Fans Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 327 15 $365 10% 95% $0.13 8

Electric University Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $129 25% 100% $0.04 27

Electric University Servers Server Virtualization Server Virtualization No Virtualization Per Building Existing 360 4 $337 72% 85% $0.29 46

Electric University Space Heat Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 31,763 15 $13,996 25% 94% $0.05 172

Electric University Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 39,704 7 $11,040 90% 85% $0.05 553

Electric University Space Heat Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 41,292 15 $70,238 15% 67% $0.51 94

Electric University Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 47,645 5 $53,845 10% 34% $0.28 36

Electric University Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 47,645 5 $13,086 50% 80% $0.06 336

Electric University Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 7,940 18 $13,440 45% 65% $0.19 48

Electric University Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 31,763 5 $11,945 10% 75% $0.09 53

Electric University Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 47,645 14 $50,793 5.0% 94% $0.13 46

Electric University Space Heat Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 16,080 10 $3,502 73% 85% $0.02 182

Electric University Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 31,763 12.5 $1,472 10% 39% $-0.00 24

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-71
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric University Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 50,301 25 $38,808 75% 13% $0.07 98

Electric University Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 4,641 25 $38,808 75% 70% $0.92 48

Electric University Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 4,487 25 $10,944 25% 85% $0.26 18

Electric University Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 13,340 20 $10,832 75% 55% $0.08 108

Electric University Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 53,367 25 $20,461 35% 35% $0.03 125

Electric University Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 9,933 25 $6,306 35% 35% $0.06 22

Electric University Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 217,902 25 $21,315 10% 35% $-0.00 142

Electric University Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 9,529 10 $1,641 95% 21% $0.02 34

Electric University Space Heat Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 79,409 10 $18,163 25% 98% $0.22 319

Electric University Space Heat Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 4,112 25 $75,287 15% 60% $7.43 5

Electric University Vending

Machines

Vending Miser Passive Infrared

Sensor on Vending

Machine Monitoring

Vacancy of Area And

Cycles

Cooling - Controls

No Vending Miser - No

controls

Per Building Existing 1,796 3 $168 90% 25% $0.03 4

Electric University Ventilation

And

Circulation

Automated Exhaust

VFD Control - Parking

Garage CO sensor

CO Sensors No CO Sensors Per Building Existing 63,304 10 $6,863 20% 85% $0.01 632

Electric University Ventilation

And

Circulation

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 8,903 15 $70,238 15% 67% $2.42 217

Electric University Ventilation

And

Circulation

Cooking Hood

Controls

Demand-Ventilation

Control

No Controls Per Building Existing 1,119 18 $2,698 95% 85% $0.27 226

Electric University Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 756 15 $370 95% 76% $0.05 128

Electric University Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 18,919 20 $6,233 65% 75% $0.03 2,163

Electric University Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - VAV Box High

Efficiency (ECM)

ECM Motor Standard Efficiency

Motor

Per Building Existing 3,895 15 $20,449 11% 77% $0.66 67

Electric University Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 988 7 $281 65% 25% $0.05 32

Electric University Ventilation

And

Circulation

Optimized Variable

Volume Lab Hood

Design

Optimized Variable

Volume Lab Hood

Design

Constant Volume Lab

Hood Design

Per Building Existing 1,187 13 $1,703 65% 59% $0.19 114

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 12,742 10 $8,280 1.8% 95% $-0.02 8

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 294 7 $118 95% 80% $-0.24 8

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 4,212 10 $15,559 55% 94% $0.57 87

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-72
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 30 12 $89 35% 25% $0.41 0.10

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 420 12 $241 95% 95% $-0.71 15

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 10,306 25 $8,330 5.0% 92% $0.08 30

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,255 9 $22 95% 75% $-0.00 93

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 1,123 9 $16 95% 25% $-0.01 10

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 773 4 $236 95% 65% $0.09 19

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 664 10 $365 95% 73% $0.07 18

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 1,328 10 $303 95% 35% $0.01 17

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 842 12 $101 80% 8% $0.01 2

Electric University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 2,106 10 $1,545 75% 75% $0.10 47

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 12,514 10 $8,280 1.8% 95% $-0.02 8

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 294 7 $118 95% 80% $-0.24 8

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 4,137 10 $15,559 55% 94% $0.58 83

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 30 12 $89 35% 25% $0.41 0.10

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - High

Temp

High Efficiency

Dishwasher (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 412 12 $230 95% 95% $-0.73 14

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 10,306 25 $8,330 5.0% 92% $0.08 28

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 3,196 9 $22 95% 75% $-0.00 89

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 1,103 9 $16 95% 25% $-0.01 10

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 773 4 $236 95% 65% $0.09 18

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 664 10 $365 95% 73% $0.07 18

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 1,328 10 $303 95% 35% $0.01 17

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 827 12 $101 80% 8% $0.01 1

Electric University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 2,068 10 $1,545 75% 75% $0.10 45

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-73
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Chilled

Water / Condenser

Water

Settings-Optimization

Additional Control

Features

EMS already

installed - No

Optimization

Per Building Existing 114 5 $10,303 95% 81% $22.54 5

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Chilled Water Piping

Loop w/ VSD Control

VSD for secondary

chilled water loop

Primary loop only w/

constant speed pump 

Per Building Existing 692 10 $35,683 25% 70% $8.04 8

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Chiller-Water Side

Economizer

Install Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 458 15 $82,855 45% 90% $23.00 12

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 1,145 7 $11,924 90% 85% $2.06 47

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Decrease

Approach Temperature

6 Deg F 10 Deg F Per Building Existing 733 7.5 $4,416 10% 94% $0.82 4

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Cooling

Tower-One-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 1,283 15 $393 75% 35% $0.03 21

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Cooling Tower-VSD

Fan Control

Variable-Speed Tower

Fans replace

Two-Speed

Cooling

Tower-Two-Speed Fan

Motor

Per Building Existing 366 13 $3,194 75% 75% $1.19 12

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,374 5 $58,171 20% 93% $10.60 15

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,374 5 $14,139 75% 98% $2.58 43

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 806 40 $39,443 3.5% 98% $67.57 1

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 143 12.5 $429 10% 39% $0.42 0.29

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 41 25 $94,937 75% 10% $252.62 0.16

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 0.45 25 $26,789 25% 85% $6,495.30 0.00

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Pipe

Insulation - Chilled

Water

1.5" of Insulation,

assuming R-6 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 137 15 $1,240 65% 45% $1.14 2

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 274 10 $726 15% 26% $0.41 0.57

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 53 30 $1,960 75% 55% $3.91 1

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 2,291 10 $27,656 25% 98% $8.70 27

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 764 10 $1,923 90% 66% $0.39 0.20

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,156 25 $36,941 15% 70% $3.54 5

Electric Warehouse Cooling

Chillers

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,012 25 $79,510 15% 70% $8.72 4

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 1,426 7 $11,924 90% 85% $1.66 193

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx DX Package-Air Side

Economizer

Air-Side Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 1,711 10 $25,724 10% 40% $2.34 16

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Direct / Indirect

Evaporative Cooling,

Pre-Cooling

Evaporative Cooler Standard DX cooling Per Building Existing 2,852 15 $26,041 50% 94% $5.62 312

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-74
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,711 5 $58,171 20% 93% $8.52 65

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,711 5 $14,139 75% 98% $2.07 184

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 285 18 $14,520 45% 65% $5.95 15

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 1,141 5 $7,260 10% 75% $1.59 20

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 1,004 40 $39,443 3.5% 98% $54.26 6

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 178 12.5 $429 10% 39% $0.34 1

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 51 25 $94,937 75% 10% $202.88 0.70

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 0.57 25 $26,789 25% 85% $5,216.55 0.02

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 479 20 $11,700 75% 58% $2.73 37

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 342 10 $726 95% 24% $0.33 13

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 12 30 $2,268 75% 55% $19.94 0.88

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 764 10 $1,923 90% 66% $0.39 0.72

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,439 25 $36,941 15% 98% $2.84 33

Electric Warehouse Cooling Dx Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,260 25 $79,510 15% 98% $7.00 29

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 5,516 7 $11,924 90% 85% $0.42 299

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 6,619 5 $58,171 20% 93% $2.19 109

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 6,619 5 $14,139 75% 98% $0.52 306

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 1,103 18 $14,520 45% 65% $1.52 25

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 4,948 14 $54,874 5.0% 94% $1.45 18

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Green Roof Vegetation on Roof Standard Dark Colored

Roof

Per Building Existing 981 40 $39,443 3.5% 98% $55.55 2

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

High Efficiency

Ground Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Water Source Heat

Pump > 135 kBTU/hr

Per Building Existing 1,513 15 $89,508 3.8% 95% $49.53 3

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,544 12.5 $429 10% 39% $0.03 4

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 7,833 25 $94,937 75% 10% $1.33 45

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 787 25 $94,937 75% 70% $13.37 31

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 514 25 $26,789 25% 85% $5.77 8

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 1,853 20 $11,700 75% 58% $0.69 61

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 9,675 25 $50,058 35% 45% $0.56 113

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 1,351 25 $15,445 35% 45% $1.25 15

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 7,185 25 $44,782 10% 35% $0.68 17

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-75
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 1,323 10 $726 95% 24% $0.07 21

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump RE - Deciduous Trees Shade Trees No Trees Per Building Existing 21 30 $2,268 75% 55% $11.42 0.61

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Window Film Window Film No Film Per Building Existing 764 10 $1,923 90% 66% $0.38 0.29

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.32 U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 156 25 $36,941 15% 98% $26.14 1

Electric Warehouse Heat Pump Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,543 25 $79,510 15% 98% $5.71 14

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Exterior

Covered Parking

Lighting

Covered Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 5,666 9.5 $1,579 20% 95% $0.02 2,108

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Exterior

Daylighting Controls,

Outdoors (Photocell)

Photocell No Controls Per Building Existing 1,643 8 $254 75% 70% $0.02 337

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Exterior

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 1,837 8 $550 90% 75% $0.05 2,141

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Exterior

Solid State LED White

Lighting

Landscape,

merchandise, signage,

structure & task

lighting (2.5 W)

50W 10hrs/day, 365

day/yr

Per Building Existing 1,600 13.69863 $320 75% 95% $0.02 53

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Exterior

Surface Parking

Lighting

Surface Parking

Lighting

Normal Lighting Per Building Existing 3,061 18.666667 $4,132 47% 95% $0.15 2,522

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Exterior

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 825 8 $223 10% 81% $0.04 97

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Bi-Level Control,

Stairwell Lighting

Occupancy Sensor

Control, 50% Lighting

Power during

unoccupied Time

Continuous Full Power

Lighting in Stairways

Per Building Existing 605 9 $647 10% 75% $0.17 154

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Dimming-Continuous,

Fluorescent Fixtures

Continuous Dimming,

Fluorescent Fixtures

(Day-Lighting)

No Dimming Controls Per Building Existing 3,993 8 $18,464 30% 98% $0.83 1,809

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 7,221 8 $5,154 90% 50% $0.12 4,708

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior

Fluorescent

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 3,244 8 $889 10% 100% $0.04 469

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior Hid

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 6,241 8 $5,154 90% 50% $0.14 4,538

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior Hid

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 2,804 8 $768 10% 100% $0.04 452

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit Sign - LED Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

CFL Exit Sign (9

Watts)

Per Building Existing 192 16 $30 95% 50% $0.01 170

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior

Other

Exit

Sign -

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Photoluminescent or

Tritium

Two Sided LED Exit

Sign (5 Watts)

Per Building Existing 70 13 $60 95% 98% $0.11 121

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Cold Cathode Lighting Cold Cathode Lighting

5 watts

30 W Incandescent

Bulb

Per Building Existing 132 5 $12 70% 94% $0.02 46

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Occupancy Sensor

Control

Occupancy Sensor

Control

No Occupancy Sensor Per Building Existing 3,439 8 $5,154 90% 50% $0.26 781

Electric Warehouse Lighting

Interior

Screw Base

Time Clock Time Clock No Controls Per Building Existing 1,545 8 $423 10% 100% $0.04 77

Electric Warehouse Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Battery

Charging System

ENERGY STAR

Battery Charging

System

Non-ENERGY STAR

Battery Chargers

Per Building Existing 13 7 $6 20% 20% $0.08 1

Electric Warehouse Other Plug

Load

ENERGY

STAR - Water Cooler

ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

(Hot/Cold Water)

Non-ENERGY STAR

Water Cooler

Per Building Existing 307 10 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 109

Electric Warehouse Other Plug

Load

Power Supply

Transformer/Converter

80 Plus 85% efficient power

supply (> 51W)

Per Building Existing 831 4 $6 95% 86% $-0.00 70

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-76
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Warehouse Other Plug

Load

Scanner - ENERGY

STAR

ENERGY STAR

Scanners

Standard Scanner Per Building Existing 16 6 $0.00 95% 20% $-0.01 5

Electric Warehouse Other Plug

Load

Smart Strips Smart Strip Power

Strip

Standard surge

protector

Per Building Existing 403 4 $102 60% 90% $0.07 406

Electric Warehouse Refrigerator Residential

Refrigerator/Freezer

Recycling

Recycling Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Existing

Refrigerator/Freezer

Per Building Existing 481 9 $127 25% 100% $0.04 193

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 8,555 7 $11,924 90% 85% $0.26 1,184

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 10,266 5 $58,171 20% 93% $1.41 450

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 10,266 5 $14,139 75% 98% $0.33 1,265

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 1,711 18 $14,520 45% 65% $0.98 105

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Economizer Tune-up Economizer Tune-up No Economizer

Tune-Up

Per Building Existing 6,844 5 $7,260 10% 75% $0.25 121

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 10,266 14 $54,874 5.0% 94% $0.69 100

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 2,136 12.5 $429 10% 39% $0.01 17

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 16,218 25 $94,937 75% 10% $0.63 251

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 1,496 25 $94,937 75% 70% $7.03 159

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 1,446 25 $26,789 25% 85% $2.04 61

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 2,874 20 $11,700 75% 58% $0.44 250

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 23,220 25 $50,058 35% 45% $0.22 717

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 2,974 25 $15,445 35% 45% $0.56 87

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 29,893 25 $44,782 10% 35% $0.15 193

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 2,053 10 $726 95% 24% $0.04 84

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 50%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 17,110 10 $27,656 25% 98% $1.15 684

Electric Warehouse Space Heat Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 512 25 $79,510 15% 98% $17.20 11

Electric Warehouse Vending

Machines

Vending Miser Passive Infrared

Sensor on Vending

Machine Monitoring

Vacancy of Area And

Cycles

Cooling - Controls

No Vending Miser - No

controls

Per Building Existing 1,796 3 $169 10% 25% $0.03 6

Electric Warehouse Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - CEE

Premium-Efficiency

Plus

CEE PE+ Motor for

HVAC Applications

NEMA Efficiency

Motors

Per Building Existing 358 15 $399 95% 76% $0.13 252

Electric Warehouse Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor - Pump & Fan

System - Variable

Speed Control

Pump And Fan

System Optimization

w/ VSD

No Pump And Fan

System VSD

Optimization

Per Building Existing 8,963 20 $6,739 65% 75% $0.07 4,238

Electric Warehouse Ventilation

And

Circulation

Motor Rewind >15, <500 HP No Rewind Per Building Existing 1,068 7 $302 65% 25% $0.05 147

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-77
Table B-2.2. Commercial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 601 10 $16,807 55% 94% $4.35 216

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 13 12 $42 2.7% 25% $0.44 0.06

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 2,425 25 $1,458 5.0% 92% $0.06 75

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 464 9 $6 95% 75% $-0.03 230

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 160 9 $6 95% 25% $-0.05 26

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 120 12 $24 80% 90% $0.02 58

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 300 10 $332 75% 95% $0.10 149

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 590 10 $16,807 55% 94% $4.43 208

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 13 12 $42 2.7% 25% $0.44 0.06

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 2,425 25 $1,458 5.0% 92% $0.06 72

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 456 9 $6 95% 75% $-0.03 222

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 157 9 $6 95% 25% $-0.05 25

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 118 12 $24 80% 90% $0.02 55

Electric Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 295 10 $332 75% 95% $0.10 143

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-78
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 137,325 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 32

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 480,637 10 $41,197 23% 100% $0.03 89

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,866 10 $1,579 9.8% 100% $0.03 0.53

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 12,359 10 $4,449 6.2% 100% $0.05 0.61

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,866 10 $1,029 11% 100% $0.02 0.66

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,866 10 $755 7.8% 100% $0.01 0.46

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,866 10 $2,128 6.3% 100% $0.04 0.34

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 164,790 10 $3,449 27% 100% $0.01 37

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 27,465 10 $5,875 21% 100% $0.03 4

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 5,630 32 $4,279 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 20,598 10 $2,047 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 5,078 32 $3,859 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 18,578 10 $1,846 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 517,708 10 $13,075 20% 100% $-0.00 87

Electric Chemical Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 377,187 10 $29,809 29% 100% $0.01 82

Electric Chemical Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 208,602 10 $44,432 15% 100% $0.03 20

Electric Chemical Mfg Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 3,032 32 $2,304 37% 100% $0.07 0.67

Electric Chemical Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 11,093 10 $1,102 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.62

Electric Chemical Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,405 10 $3,543 9.8% 100% $0.03 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 27,730 10 $9,982 6.2% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,405 10 $2,310 11% 100% $0.02 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,405 10 $1,694 7.8% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,405 10 $4,775 6.3% 100% $0.04 0.74

Electric Chemical Mfg Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 369,738 10 $7,738 27% 100% $0.01 85

Electric Chemical Mfg Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 61,623 10 $13,183 21% 100% $0.03 10

Electric Chemical Mfg Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 12,632 32 $9,600 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Chemical Mfg Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 46,217 10 $4,592 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Chemical Mfg Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,991 32 $1,513 37% 100% $0.07 0.63

Electric Chemical Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 7,285 10 $724 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.58

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 639,311 10 $51,464 26% 100% $0.02 142

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,982 10 $3,676 9.8% 100% $0.03 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 28,769 10 $10,356 6.2% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,982 10 $2,397 11% 100% $0.02 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,982 10 $1,758 7.8% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,982 10 $4,954 6.3% 100% $0.04 0.79

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-79
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 383,586 10 $8,028 27% 100% $0.01 84

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 63,931 10 $13,676 21% 100% $0.03 10

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 13,105 32 $9,960 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 47,948 10 $4,765 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 3,804 32 $2,891 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 13,917 10 $1,383 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 973 10 $223 9.8% 100% $0.03 0.07

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 1,753 10 $631 6.2% 100% $0.05 0.08

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 973 10 $146 11% 100% $0.02 0.09

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 973 10 $107 7.8% 100% $0.01 0.06

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 973 10 $301 6.3% 100% $0.04 0.05

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 23,373 10 $489 27% 100% $0.01 5

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 3,895 10 $833 21% 100% $0.03 0.67

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 798 32 $606 37% 100% $0.07 0.24

Electric Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 2,921 10 $290 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.22

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,001 10 $3,450 9.8% 100% $0.03 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 27,003 10 $9,721 6.2% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,001 10 $2,250 11% 100% $0.02 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,001 10 $1,650 7.8% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,001 10 $4,650 6.3% 100% $0.04 0.70

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 360,045 10 $7,535 27% 100% $0.01 83

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 225,028 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 57

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 600,075 10 $75,009 34% 100% $0.03 149

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Pump System

Optimization

Pump System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 1,500,189 12 $81,048 15% 100% $0.06 186

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 60,007 10 $12,837 21% 100% $0.03 10

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 12,301 32 $9,349 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Chemical Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 45,005 10 $4,472 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 253,056 10 $5,296 27% 100% $0.01 58

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 8,646 32 $6,571 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 31,632 10 $24,040 9.4% 100% $0.11 2

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-80
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Hvac Clean Room: Change

Filter Strategy

Clean Room: Change

Filter Strategy

Per Industry Existing 5,811,494 1 $37,698 10% 100% $-0.00 408

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Hvac Clean Room: Chiller

Optimize

Clean Room: Chiller

Optimize

Per Industry Existing 2,153,570 10 $75,373 28% 100% $0.01 412

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Hvac Clean Room: Clean

Room HVAC

Clean Room: Clean

Room HVAC

Per Industry Existing 1,307,586 20 $11,696 30% 100% $0.01 253

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Hvac Elec Chip Fab:

Eliminate Exhaust

Elec Chip Fab:

Eliminate Exhaust

Per Industry Existing 726,436 10 $35,632 80% 100% $0.02 365

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Hvac Elec Chip Fab:

Solidstate Chiller

Elec Chip Fab:

Solidstate Chiller

Per Industry Existing 13,075,863 10 $49,390 20% 100% $0.07 2,243

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 59,567 32 $45,271 37% 100% $0.07 13

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 217,931 10 $65,627 9.4% 100% $0.11 12

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 1,691,281 10 $60,243 15% 100% $0.03 222

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 24,584 32 $18,684 37% 100% $0.07 7

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 89,944 10 $68,357 9.4% 100% $0.11 6

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 501,001 10 $10,485 27% 100% $0.01 116

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 17,117 32 $13,009 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 62,625 10 $47,595 9.4% 100% $0.11 4

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 16,607 32 $12,621 37% 100% $0.07 5

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 60,759 10 $46,177 9.4% 100% $0.11 4

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 97,984 10 $7,887 26% 100% $0.02 21

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Elec Chip Fab:

Reduce Gas Pressure

Elec Chip Fab:

Reduce Gas Pressure

Per Industry Existing 48,992 10 $0.00 50% 100% $-0.01 21

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 58,790 10 $1,230 27% 100% $0.01 12

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 2,008 32 $1,526 37% 100% $0.07 0.55

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 7,348 10 $5,585 9.4% 100% $0.11 0.51

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Heat

Elec Chip Fab:

Exhaust Injector

Elec Chip Fab:

Exhaust Injector

Per Industry Existing 5,608,306 10 $25,522 35% 100% $0.06 1,683

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-81
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 22,994 32 $17,475 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 84,124 10 $63,934 9.4% 100% $0.11 4

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 470,782 10 $9,853 27% 100% $0.01 109

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 16,085 32 $12,224 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 58,847 10 $44,724 9.4% 100% $0.11 4

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 401,312 10 $8,399 27% 100% $0.01 92

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 13,711 32 $10,420 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 50,164 10 $38,124 9.4% 100% $0.11 3

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 76,977 10 $1,611 27% 100% $0.01 17

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 2,630 32 $1,998 37% 100% $0.07 0.81

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 9,622 10 $7,312 9.4% 100% $0.11 0.74

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Hvac Clean Room: Change

Filter Strategy

Clean Room: Change

Filter Strategy

Per Industry Existing 849,392 1 $5,509 10% 100% $-0.00 59

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Hvac Clean Room: Chiller

Optimize

Clean Room: Chiller

Optimize

Per Industry Existing 314,760 10 $25,632 28% 100% $0.01 60

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Hvac Clean Room: Clean

Room HVAC

Clean Room: Clean

Room HVAC

Per Industry Existing 191,113 20 $30,940 30% 100% $0.01 37

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Hvac Elec Chip Fab:

Eliminate Exhaust

Elec Chip Fab:

Eliminate Exhaust

Per Industry Existing 106,174 10 $19,823 80% 100% $0.02 53

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Hvac Elec Chip Fab:

Solidstate Chiller

Elec Chip Fab:

Solidstate Chiller

Per Industry Existing 1,911,133 10 $71,857 20% 100% $0.07 327

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 8,706 32 $6,616 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 31,852 10 $24,207 9.4% 100% $0.11 1

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 476,888 10 $1,577 15% 100% $0.03 62

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 6,932 32 $5,268 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 25,361 10 $19,274 9.4% 100% $0.11 1

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-82
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 172,713 10 $3,614 27% 100% $0.01 40

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 5,901 32 $4,484 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 21,589 10 $16,407 9.4% 100% $0.11 1

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 2,187 32 $1,662 37% 100% $0.07 0.69

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 8,001 10 $6,081 9.4% 100% $0.11 0.64

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 298,636 10 $24,040 26% 100% $0.02 66

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Elec Chip Fab:

Reduce Gas Pressure

Elec Chip Fab:

Reduce Gas Pressure

Per Industry Existing 149,318 10 $0.00 50% 100% $-0.01 64

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 179,181 10 $3,750 27% 100% $0.01 37

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 6,122 32 $4,652 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 22,397 10 $17,022 9.4% 100% $0.11 1

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Elec Chip Fab:

Exhaust Injector

Elec Chip Fab:

Exhaust Injector

Per Industry Existing 3,299,123 10 $85,655 35% 100% $0.06 990

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 13,526 32 $10,280 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 49,486 10 $37,610 9.4% 100% $0.11 2

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 56,320 10 $1,178 27% 100% $0.01 13

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,924 32 $1,462 37% 100% $0.07 0.59

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 7,040 10 $5,350 9.4% 100% $0.11 0.54

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 168,185 10 $3,520 27% 100% $0.01 38

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 5,746 32 $4,367 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 21,023 10 $15,977 9.4% 100% $0.11 1

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 370,315 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 86

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 18,515 10 $4,258 13% 100% $0.03 2

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-83
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 33,328 10 $11,998 20% 100% $0.05 5

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 18,515 10 $2,777 3.6% 100% $0.02 0.56

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 18,515 10 $5,739 5.3% 100% $0.04 0.82

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 444,378 10 $9,300 27% 100% $0.01 99

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 74,063 10 $15,844 21% 100% $0.03 12

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 15,182 32 $11,539 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 55,547 10 $5,520 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 22,813 32 $17,338 37% 100% $0.07 7

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 83,463 10 $8,294 9.4% 100% $0.01 6

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Lighting Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 3,646,784 10 $82,101 1.3% 100% $0.01 40

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Lighting Efficient Lighting 2

Shift

Efficient Lighting 2

Shift

Per Industry Existing 3,646,784 10 $65,059 2.9% 100% $0.00 88

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 3,646,784 10 $92,101 15% 100% $-0.00 483

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Lighting HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 2,656,942 10 $43,154 1.9% 100% $0.03 37

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Lighting HighBay Lighting 2

Shift

HighBay Lighting 2

Shift

Per Industry Existing 2,656,942 10 $76,313 4.3% 100% $0.02 83

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 2,656,942 10 $9,979 23% 100% $0.01 441

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 1,469,412 10 $12,984 15% 100% $0.03 142

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 21,359 32 $16,233 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 78,145 10 $7,765 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 52,709 10 $12,123 13% 100% $0.03 6

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 94,876 10 $34,155 20% 100% $0.05 16

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 52,709 10 $7,906 3.6% 100% $0.02 1

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-84
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 52,709 10 $16,339 5.3% 100% $0.04 2

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 1,265,018 10 $26,476 27% 100% $0.01 290

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 210,836 10 $45,104 21% 100% $0.03 34

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 43,221 32 $32,848 37% 100% $0.07 12

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 158,127 10 $15,714 9.4% 100% $0.01 11

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 7,278 32 $5,531 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 26,628 10 $2,646 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 854,157 10 $68,759 26% 100% $0.02 190

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,353 10 $4,911 13% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 38,437 10 $13,837 20% 100% $0.05 6

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,353 10 $3,203 3.6% 100% $0.02 0.65

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,353 10 $6,619 5.3% 100% $0.04 0.92

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 512,494 10 $10,726 27% 100% $0.01 112

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 85,415 10 $18,273 21% 100% $0.03 14

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 17,510 32 $13,307 37% 100% $0.07 5

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 64,061 10 $6,366 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Electro

Chemical

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 4,166 32 $3,166 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Electro

Chemical

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 15,241 10 $1,514 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 44,691 32 $33,965 37% 100% $0.07 14

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 163,506 10 $16,248 9.4% 100% $0.01 13

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 8,045 10 $1,850 13% 100% $0.03 0.92

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-85
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 14,482 10 $5,213 20% 100% $0.05 2

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 8,045 10 $1,206 3.6% 100% $0.02 0.24

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 8,045 10 $2,494 5.3% 100% $0.04 0.36

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 193,099 10 $4,041 27% 100% $0.01 44

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 32,183 10 $6,884 21% 100% $0.03 5

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 6,597 32 $5,014 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 24,137 10 $2,398 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Food Mfg Fans Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 571,120 11 $70,298 27% 100% $0.03 100

Electric Food Mfg Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 196,937 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 45

Electric Food Mfg Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 689,282 10 $59,081 23% 100% $0.03 113

Electric Food Mfg Fans Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 984,689 11 $94,113 22% 100% $0.05 173

Electric Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 9,846 10 $2,264 12% 100% $0.03 0.99

Electric Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 17,724 10 $6,380 12% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 9,846 10 $1,477 9.7% 100% $0.02 0.81

Electric Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 9,846 10 $1,083 11% 100% $0.01 0.97

Electric Food Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 9,846 10 $3,052 11% 100% $0.04 0.88

Electric Food Mfg Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 236,325 10 $4,946 27% 100% $0.01 53

Electric Food Mfg Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 39,387 10 $8,426 21% 100% $0.03 6

Electric Food Mfg Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 8,074 32 $6,136 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Food Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 29,540 10 $2,935 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Food Mfg Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 20,144 32 $15,309 37% 100% $0.07 6

Electric Food Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 73,698 10 $7,323 9.4% 100% $0.01 5

Electric Food Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 3,014,762 10 $33,210 4.5% 100% $0.01 115

Electric Food Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 2

Shift

Efficient Lighting 2

Shift

Per Industry Existing 3,014,762 10 $36,453 3.3% 100% $0.00 83

Electric Food Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 3,014,762 10 $76,139 12% 100% $-0.00 304

Electric Food Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 2,196,469 10 $31,689 6.7% 100% $0.03 109

Electric Food Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 2

Shift

HighBay Lighting 2

Shift

Per Industry Existing 2,196,469 10 $11,095 5.0% 100% $0.02 78

Electric Food Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 2,196,469 10 $73,588 18% 100% $0.01 270

Electric Food Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 1,214,749 10 $58,741 15% 100% $0.03 118

Electric Food Mfg Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 17,657 32 $13,420 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Food Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 64,602 10 $6,420 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-86
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 2,969,824 11 $65,551 27% 100% $0.03 499

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 5,120,387 11 $9,392 22% 100% $0.05 885

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 51,203 10 $11,776 12% 100% $0.03 5

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 92,166 10 $33,180 12% 100% $0.05 9

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 51,203 10 $7,680 9.7% 100% $0.02 4

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 51,203 10 $5,632 11% 100% $0.01 5

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 51,203 10 $15,873 11% 100% $0.04 4

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 1,228,893 10 $25,720 27% 100% $0.01 282

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 204,815 10 $43,816 21% 100% $0.03 34

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 41,987 32 $31,910 37% 100% $0.07 12

Electric Food Mfg Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 153,611 10 $15,265 9.4% 100% $0.01 11

Electric Food Mfg Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 10,332 32 $7,852 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Food Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 37,801 10 $3,756 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 404,379 10 $32,552 26% 100% $0.02 89

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 586,350 11 $72,172 27% 100% $0.03 109

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 1,010,948 11 $99,290 22% 100% $0.05 173

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 10,109 10 $2,325 12% 100% $0.03 0.99

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 18,197 10 $6,550 12% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 10,109 10 $1,516 9.7% 100% $0.02 0.83

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 10,109 10 $1,112 11% 100% $0.01 0.99

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 10,109 10 $3,133 11% 100% $0.04 0.88

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 242,627 10 $5,078 27% 100% $0.01 53

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 40,437 10 $8,650 21% 100% $0.03 6

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 8,289 32 $6,300 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Food Mfg Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 30,328 10 $3,013 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 2,238,791 11 $75,569 27% 100% $0.03 342

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Food: Cooling and

Storage

Food: Cooling and

Storage

Per Industry Existing 1,157,995 10 $47,398 100% 100% $0.04 993

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Food: Refrig Storage

Tuneup

Food: Refrig Storage

Tuneup

Per Industry Existing 578,997 3 $40,529 100% 100% $0.02 496

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 3,859,984 11 $60,926 22% 100% $0.05 540

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 38,599 10 $8,877 12% 100% $0.03 3

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 69,479 10 $25,012 12% 100% $0.05 5

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 38,599 10 $5,789 9.7% 100% $0.02 3

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-87
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 38,599 10 $4,245 11% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 38,599 10 $11,965 11% 100% $0.04 2

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 926,396 10 $19,389 27% 100% $0.01 165

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 154,399 10 $33,030 21% 100% $0.03 20

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 31,651 32 $24,055 37% 100% $0.07 7

Electric Food Mfg Process

Refrig

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 115,799 10 $11,507 9.4% 100% $0.01 6

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 1,248,849 11 $53,719 27% 100% $0.03 240

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 2,153,188 11 $24,462 22% 100% $0.05 380

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,531 10 $4,952 12% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 38,757 10 $13,952 12% 100% $0.05 4

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,531 10 $3,229 9.7% 100% $0.02 1

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,531 10 $2,368 11% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,531 10 $6,674 11% 100% $0.04 1

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 516,765 10 $10,815 27% 100% $0.01 119

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 322,978 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 82

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 861,275 10 $7,659 34% 100% $0.03 190

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 86,127 10 $18,425 21% 100% $0.03 14

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 17,656 32 $13,418 37% 100% $0.07 5

Electric Food Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 64,595 10 $6,419 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 511,205 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 119

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 1,789,219 10 $53,361 23% 100% $0.03 282

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 2,556,028 10 $6,723 30% 100% $0.03 606

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 25,560 10 $5,878 17% 100% $0.03 3

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 46,008 10 $16,563 11% 100% $0.05 3

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 25,560 10 $7,923 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.03

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 613,446 10 $12,839 27% 100% $0.01 138

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 102,241 10 $21,872 21% 100% $0.03 17

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 20,959 32 $15,929 37% 100% $0.07 6

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 76,680 10 $7,620 9.4% 100% $0.01 5

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 75,846 32 $57,643 37% 100% $0.07 24

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 277,485 10 $27,575 9.4% 100% $0.01 22

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 8,383,951 10 $11,741 13% 100% $-0.00 908

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-88
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 6,108,307 10 $82,742 19% 100% $0.01 905

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 3,378,176 10 $19,551 15% 100% $0.03 366

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 49,106 32 $37,320 37% 100% $0.07 12

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 179,656 10 $17,853 9.4% 100% $0.01 11

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 72,762 10 $16,735 17% 100% $0.03 10

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 130,973 10 $47,150 11% 100% $0.05 11

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 72,762 10 $22,556 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.11

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 1,746,308 10 $36,550 27% 100% $0.01 404

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 291,051 10 $62,264 21% 100% $0.03 49

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 59,665 32 $45,345 37% 100% $0.07 17

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 218,288 10 $21,693 9.4% 100% $0.01 16

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 12,532 32 $9,524 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 45,849 10 $4,556 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 1,179,131 10 $94,920 26% 100% $0.02 262

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 29,478 10 $6,780 17% 100% $0.03 4

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 53,060 10 $19,101 11% 100% $0.05 4

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 29,478 10 $9,138 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.04

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 707,478 10 $14,807 27% 100% $0.01 155

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 117,913 10 $25,225 21% 100% $0.03 19

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 24,172 32 $18,370 37% 100% $0.07 7

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 88,434 10 $8,788 9.4% 100% $0.01 6

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 23,166 32 $17,606 37% 100% $0.07 7

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 84,757 10 $8,422 9.4% 100% $0.01 6

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 46,269 10 $10,642 17% 100% $0.03 6

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 83,285 10 $29,982 11% 100% $0.05 7

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 46,269 10 $14,343 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.07

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 1,110,472 10 $23,242 27% 100% $0.01 257

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 694,045 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 178

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 1,850,788 10 $31,348 34% 100% $0.03 499

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 185,078 10 $39,593 21% 100% $0.03 31

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 37,941 32 $28,835 37% 100% $0.07 11

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-89
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Industrial

Machinery

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 138,809 10 $13,794 9.4% 100% $0.01 10

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 754,021 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 175

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 2,639,075 10 $26,206 23% 100% $0.03 417

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 3,770,108 10 $52,412 30% 100% $0.03 894

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 37,701 10 $8,671 17% 100% $0.03 4

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 67,861 10 $24,430 11% 100% $0.05 5

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 37,701 10 $11,687 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.05

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 904,825 10 $18,938 27% 100% $0.01 203

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 150,804 10 $32,261 21% 100% $0.03 25

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 30,914 32 $23,495 37% 100% $0.07 9

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 113,103 10 $11,239 9.4% 100% $0.01 8

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Hvac Clean Room: Change

Filter Strategy

Clean Room: Change

Filter Strategy

Per Industry Existing 14,826,647 1 $96,179 10% 100% $-0.00 1,271

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Hvac Clean Room: Chiller

Optimize

Clean Room: Chiller

Optimize

Per Industry Existing 5,494,323 10 $47,424 28% 100% $0.01 1,282

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Hvac Clean Room: Clean

Room HVAC

Clean Room: Clean

Room HVAC

Per Industry Existing 3,335,995 20 $40,093 30% 100% $0.01 789

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 151,973 32 $15,499 37% 100% $0.07 43

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 555,999 10 $55,254 9.4% 100% $0.01 40

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Lighting Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 17,569,391 10 $59,102 5.2% 100% $0.01 787

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Lighting Efficient Lighting 2

Shift

Efficient Lighting 2

Shift

Per Industry Existing 17,569,391 10 $95,219 1.7% 100% $0.00 252

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 17,569,391 10 $43,725 13% 100% $-0.00 1,904

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Lighting HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 12,800,556 10 $98,574 7.8% 100% $0.03 742

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Lighting HighBay Lighting 2

Shift

HighBay Lighting 2

Shift

Per Industry Existing 12,800,556 10 $12,995 2.6% 100% $0.02 237

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 12,800,556 10 $11,635 19% 100% $0.01 1,701

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 7,079,299 10 $7,890 15% 100% $0.03 689

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 102,906 32 $78,208 37% 100% $0.07 23

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 376,486 10 $37,414 9.4% 100% $0.01 21

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 151,789 10 $34,911 17% 100% $0.03 20

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 273,221 10 $98,359 11% 100% $0.05 24

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 151,789 10 $47,054 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.23

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 3,642,959 10 $76,247 27% 100% $0.01 843

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 607,159 10 $29,889 21% 100% $0.03 102

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 124,467 32 $94,595 37% 100% $0.07 36

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-90
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 455,369 10 $45,253 9.4% 100% $0.01 33

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 35,956 32 $27,327 37% 100% $0.07 11

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 131,549 10 $13,073 9.4% 100% $0.01 10

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 1,409,478 10 $13,463 26% 100% $0.02 313

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 35,236 10 $8,104 17% 100% $0.03 4

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 63,426 10 $22,833 11% 100% $0.05 5

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 35,236 10 $10,923 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.05

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 845,687 10 $17,700 27% 100% $0.01 185

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 140,947 10 $30,153 21% 100% $0.03 23

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 28,894 32 $21,959 37% 100% $0.07 8

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 105,710 10 $10,505 9.4% 100% $0.01 7

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 62,558 32 $47,544 37% 100% $0.07 19

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 228,872 10 $22,744 9.4% 100% $0.01 18

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,441 10 $1,481 17% 100% $0.03 0.92

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 11,594 10 $4,174 11% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,441 10 $1,996 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.01

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 154,599 10 $3,235 27% 100% $0.01 35

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 25,766 10 $5,512 21% 100% $0.03 4

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 5,282 32 $4,014 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 19,324 10 $1,920 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,437 10 $4,930 17% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 38,588 10 $13,891 11% 100% $0.05 3

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,437 10 $6,645 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.03

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 514,508 10 $10,768 27% 100% $0.01 119

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 321,568 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 82

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 857,514 10 $7,189 34% 100% $0.03 213

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Pump System

Optimization

Pump System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 2,143,787 12 $44,521 15% 100% $0.06 266

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 85,751 10 $18,344 21% 100% $0.03 14

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 17,579 32 $13,360 37% 100% $0.07 5

Electric Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 64,313 10 $6,391 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-91
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 255,967 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 59

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 895,885 10 $76,790 23% 100% $0.03 141

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 1,279,836 10 $53,580 30% 100% $0.03 303

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 12,798 10 $2,943 17% 100% $0.03 1

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 23,037 10 $8,293 11% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 12,798 10 $3,967 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.01

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 307,160 10 $6,428 27% 100% $0.01 69

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 51,193 10 $10,951 21% 100% $0.03 8

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 10,494 32 $7,975 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 38,395 10 $3,815 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 8,681 32 $6,597 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 31,761 10 $3,156 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 1,213,357 10 $30,644 13% 100% $-0.00 131

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 884,017 10 $69,864 19% 100% $0.01 131

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 488,902 10 $4,136 15% 100% $0.03 53

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 7,106 32 $5,401 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 26,000 10 $2,583 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 36,433 10 $8,379 17% 100% $0.03 5

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 65,579 10 $23,608 11% 100% $0.05 5

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 36,433 10 $11,294 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.05

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 874,399 10 $18,301 27% 100% $0.01 202

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-92
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 145,733 10 $31,176 21% 100% $0.03 24

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 29,875 32 $22,705 37% 100% $0.07 8

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 109,299 10 $10,861 9.4% 100% $0.01 8

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 590,406 10 $47,527 26% 100% $0.02 131

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 14,760 10 $3,394 17% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 26,568 10 $9,564 11% 100% $0.05 2

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 14,760 10 $4,575 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.02

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 354,243 10 $7,414 27% 100% $0.01 77

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 59,040 10 $12,630 21% 100% $0.03 9

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 12,103 32 $9,198 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 44,280 10 $4,400 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 5,332 10 $1,226 17% 100% $0.03 0.76

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 9,598 10 $3,455 11% 100% $0.05 0.90

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 5,332 10 $1,652 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.00

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 127,974 10 $2,678 27% 100% $0.01 29

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 21,329 10 $4,562 21% 100% $0.03 3

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 4,372 32 $3,323 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 15,996 10 $1,589 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 23,167 10 $5,328 17% 100% $0.03 3

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 41,702 10 $15,012 11% 100% $0.05 3

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 23,167 10 $7,182 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.03

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-93
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 556,028 10 $11,637 27% 100% $0.01 128

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 347,517 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 89

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 926,713 10 $15,839 34% 100% $0.03 249

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 92,671 10 $19,825 21% 100% $0.03 15

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 18,997 32 $14,438 37% 100% $0.07 5

Electric Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 69,503 10 $6,907 9.4% 100% $0.01 5

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 405,035 11 $49,855 27% 100% $0.03 93

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 139,667 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 30

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 488,835 10 $41,900 23% 100% $0.03 87

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 698,336 10 $83,800 30% 100% $0.03 146

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 698,336 11 $37,664 22% 100% $0.05 92

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,983 10 $1,606 9.1% 100% $0.03 0.33

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 12,570 10 $4,525 6.3% 100% $0.05 0.42

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,983 10 $1,047 13% 100% $0.02 0.76

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,983 10 $768 23% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 6,983 10 $2,164 10% 100% $0.04 0.37

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Paper: Premium Fan Paper: Premium Fan Per Industry Existing 279,334 10 $50,788 25% 100% $0.02 59

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 167,600 10 $3,507 27% 100% $0.01 22

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 27,933 10 $5,975 21% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 5,726 32 $4,352 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Paper Mfg Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 20,950 10 $2,081 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.92

Electric Paper Mfg Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,829 32 $1,390 37% 100% $0.07 0.58

Electric Paper Mfg Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 6,694 10 $665 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.53

Electric Paper Mfg Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 282,424 10 $7,132 20% 100% $-0.00 47

Electric Paper Mfg Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 205,766 10 $16,261 29% 100% $0.01 44

Electric Paper Mfg Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 113,798 10 $24,239 15% 100% $0.03 10

Electric Paper Mfg Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,654 32 $1,257 37% 100% $0.07 0.36

Electric Paper Mfg Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 6,051 10 $601 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.34

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Efficient Centrifugal

Fan

Efficient Centrifugal

Fan

Per Industry Existing 553,025 10 $550 11% 100% $0.02 49

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 801,887 11 $98,703 27% 100% $0.03 181

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 1,382,564 11 $72,547 22% 100% $0.05 200

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Material Handling

VFD2

Material Handling

VFD2

Per Industry Existing 517,834 10 $55,350 53% 100% $0.04 96

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-94
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Material Handling2 Material Handling2 Per Industry Existing 138,520 10 $64,729 53% 100% $0.07 23

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 13,825 10 $3,179 9.1% 100% $0.03 0.57

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 24,886 10 $8,959 6.3% 100% $0.05 0.72

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 13,825 10 $2,073 13% 100% $0.02 1

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 13,825 10 $1,520 23% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 13,825 10 $4,285 10% 100% $0.04 0.63

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Paper: Efficient Pulp

Screen

Paper: Efficient Pulp

Screen

Per Industry Existing 414,769 10 $75,053 14% 100% $0.02 50

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Paper: Large Material

Handling

Paper: Large Material

Handling

Per Industry Existing 269,274 10 $7,133 25% 100% $0.11 29

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Paper: Material

Handling

Paper: Material

Handling

Per Industry Existing 362,484 10 $33,025 25% 100% $0.09 38

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Paper: Premium

Control Large Material

Paper: Premium

Control Large Material

Per Industry Existing 517,834 10 $27,847 25% 100% $0.06 53

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 331,815 10 $6,944 27% 100% $0.01 35

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 55,302 10 $11,830 21% 100% $0.03 4

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 11,337 32 $8,616 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Paper Mfg Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 41,476 10 $4,121 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Paper Mfg Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 871 32 $662 37% 100% $0.07 0.27

Electric Paper Mfg Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 3,189 10 $316 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.25

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 64,895 10 $5,224 26% 100% $0.02 14

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Per Industry Existing 113,567 10 $7,268 17% 100% $0.02 15

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Optimization

Air Compressor

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 162,239 10 $32,480 36% 100% $0.04 44

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 94,099 11 $11,582 27% 100% $0.03 15

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 162,239 11 $31,982 22% 100% $0.05 20

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,622 10 $373 9.1% 100% $0.03 0.07

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 2,920 10 $1,051 6.3% 100% $0.05 0.09

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,622 10 $243 13% 100% $0.02 0.17

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,622 10 $178 23% 100% $0.01 0.32

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,622 10 $502 10% 100% $0.04 0.08

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 38,937 10 $814 27% 100% $0.01 5

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 6,489 10 $1,388 21% 100% $0.03 0.67

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,330 32 $1,011 37% 100% $0.07 0.24

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 4,867 10 $483 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.22

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,312 32 $997 37% 100% $0.07 0.41

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 4,800 10 $477 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.38

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-95
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 30,643 11 $3,771 27% 100% $0.03 7

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 52,834 11 $10,415 22% 100% $0.05 9

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 528 10 $121 9.1% 100% $0.03 0.03

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 951 10 $342 6.3% 100% $0.05 0.04

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 528 10 $79 13% 100% $0.02 0.05

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 528 10 $58 23% 100% $0.01 0.10

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 528 10 $163 10% 100% $0.04 0.03

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 12,680 10 $265 27% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 2,113 10 $452 21% 100% $0.03 0.30

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 433 32 $329 37% 100% $0.07 0.10

Electric Paper Mfg Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 1,585 10 $157 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.10

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 642,328 11 $79,063 27% 100% $0.03 148

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 1,107,462 11 $18,316 22% 100% $0.05 192

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 11,074 10 $2,547 9.1% 100% $0.03 0.70

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 19,934 10 $7,176 6.3% 100% $0.05 0.88

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 11,074 10 $1,661 13% 100% $0.02 1

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 11,074 10 $1,218 23% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 11,074 10 $3,433 10% 100% $0.04 0.77

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 265,791 10 $5,563 27% 100% $0.01 50

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 166,119 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 34

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 442,985 10 $55,373 34% 100% $0.03 98

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Pump System

Optimization

Pump System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 1,107,462 12 $81,295 15% 100% $0.06 105

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 44,298 10 $9,476 21% 100% $0.03 5

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 9,081 32 $6,901 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Paper Mfg Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 33,223 10 $3,301 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 150,740 11 $18,554 27% 100% $0.03 34

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 51,979 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 11

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 181,927 10 $15,593 23% 100% $0.03 23

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 259,896 10 $31,187 30% 100% $0.03 50

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 259,896 11 $51,233 22% 100% $0.05 43

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-96
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 2,598 10 $597 12% 100% $0.03 0.20

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 4,678 10 $1,684 8.4% 100% $0.05 0.26

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 2,598 10 $389 12% 100% $0.02 0.27

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 2,598 10 $285 7.7% 100% $0.01 0.17

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 2,598 10 $805 9.9% 100% $0.04 0.17

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 62,375 10 $1,305 27% 100% $0.01 11

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 10,395 10 $2,223 21% 100% $0.03 1

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 2,131 32 $1,619 37% 100% $0.07 0.52

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 7,796 10 $774 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.48

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 594 32 $451 37% 100% $0.07 0.18

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 2,173 10 $216 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.17

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 74,031 10 $1,869 20% 100% $-0.00 12

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 53,937 10 $4,262 29% 100% $0.01 11

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 29,829 10 $6,353 15% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 433 32 $329 37% 100% $0.07 0.09

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 1,586 10 $157 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.08

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 429,114 11 $52,819 27% 100% $0.03 99

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 739,852 11 $45,848 22% 100% $0.05 118

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 7,398 10 $1,701 12% 100% $0.03 0.49

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 13,317 10 $4,794 8.4% 100% $0.05 0.64

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 7,398 10 $1,109 12% 100% $0.02 0.77

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-97
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 7,398 10 $813 7.7% 100% $0.01 0.48

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 7,398 10 $2,293 9.9% 100% $0.04 0.41

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 177,564 10 $3,716 27% 100% $0.01 27

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 29,594 10 $6,331 21% 100% $0.03 3

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 6,066 32 $4,610 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 22,195 10 $2,205 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 150 32 $114 37% 100% $0.07 0.04

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 550 10 $54 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.04

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 119,893 10 $9,651 26% 100% $0.02 26

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Per Industry Existing 209,814 10 $13,428 17% 100% $0.02 29

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Optimization

Air Compressor

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 299,734 10 $60,006 36% 100% $0.04 81

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 173,846 11 $21,398 27% 100% $0.03 29

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 299,734 11 $59,087 22% 100% $0.05 38

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 2,997 10 $689 12% 100% $0.03 0.17

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 5,395 10 $1,942 8.4% 100% $0.05 0.23

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 2,997 10 $449 12% 100% $0.02 0.31

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 2,997 10 $329 7.7% 100% $0.01 0.19

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 2,997 10 $929 9.9% 100% $0.04 0.15

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 71,936 10 $1,505 27% 100% $0.01 9

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 11,989 10 $2,564 21% 100% $0.03 1

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 2,457 32 $1,867 37% 100% $0.07 0.45

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-98
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 8,992 10 $893 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.41

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 272,872 11 $33,587 27% 100% $0.03 63

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 470,470 11 $92,744 22% 100% $0.05 81

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 4,704 10 $1,082 12% 100% $0.03 0.38

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 8,468 10 $3,048 8.4% 100% $0.05 0.50

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 4,704 10 $705 12% 100% $0.02 0.49

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 4,704 10 $517 7.7% 100% $0.01 0.30

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 4,704 10 $1,458 9.9% 100% $0.04 0.32

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 112,912 10 $2,363 27% 100% $0.01 21

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 70,570 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 14

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 188,188 10 $23,523 34% 100% $0.03 38

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Pump System

Optimization

Pump System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 470,470 12 $19,499 15% 100% $0.06 47

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 18,818 10 $4,025 21% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 3,857 32 $2,931 37% 100% $0.07 0.94

Electric Petroleum

Coal

Products

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 14,114 10 $1,402 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.87

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 170,330 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 39

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 596,156 10 $51,099 23% 100% $0.03 94

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 851,652 10 $2,198 30% 100% $0.03 202

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 8,516 10 $1,958 17% 100% $0.03 1

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 15,329 10 $5,518 11% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 8,516 10 $2,640 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.01

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-99
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 204,396 10 $4,278 27% 100% $0.01 46

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 34,066 10 $7,287 21% 100% $0.03 5

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 6,983 32 $5,307 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 25,549 10 $2,539 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 10,881 32 $8,270 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 39,811 10 $3,956 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 1,482,938 10 $37,452 13% 100% $-0.00 160

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 1,080,426 10 $85,386 19% 100% $0.01 160

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 597,525 10 $27,273 15% 100% $0.03 64

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 8,685 32 $6,601 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 31,777 10 $3,157 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 3,812 32 $2,897 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 13,949 10 $1,386 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 392,879 10 $31,626 26% 100% $0.02 87

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 9,821 10 $2,259 17% 100% $0.03 1

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 17,679 10 $6,364 11% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 9,821 10 $3,044 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.01

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 235,727 10 $4,933 27% 100% $0.01 51

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 39,287 10 $8,404 21% 100% $0.03 6

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 8,054 32 $6,121 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 29,465 10 $2,928 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-100
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 15,524 32 $11,798 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 56,798 10 $5,644 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,416 10 $3,545 17% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 27,750 10 $9,990 11% 100% $0.05 2

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 15,416 10 $4,779 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.02

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 370,002 10 $7,744 27% 100% $0.01 85

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 231,251 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 59

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 616,671 10 $77,083 34% 100% $0.03 166

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 61,667 10 $13,192 21% 100% $0.03 10

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 12,641 32 $9,607 37% 100% $0.07 3

Electric Plastics

Rubber

Products

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 46,250 10 $4,596 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 39,775 10 $0.00 100% N/A $0.01 9

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,988 10 $457 100% N/A $0.03 0.13

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 3,579 10 $1,288 100% N/A $0.05 0.18

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,988 10 $298 100% N/A $0.02 0.19

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,988 10 $218 100% N/A $0.01 0.35

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,988 10 $616 100% N/A $0.04 0.10

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 47,731 10 $999 100% N/A $0.01 10

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 7,955 10 $1,701 100% N/A $0.03 1

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,630 32 $1,239 100% N/A $0.07 0.48

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 5,966 10 $592 100% N/A $0.01 0.44

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,241 32 $943 100% N/A $0.07 0.39

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 4,543 10 $451 100% N/A $0.01 0.36

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 207,422 10 $5,238 100% N/A $-0.00 34

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 151,121 10 $11,943 100% N/A $0.01 32

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 83,577 10 $17,801 100% N/A $0.03 8

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-101
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,214 32 $923 100% N/A $0.07 0.27

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 4,444 10 $441 100% N/A $0.01 0.25

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 8,007 10 $1,841 100% N/A $0.03 0.54

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 14,412 10 $5,188 100% N/A $0.05 0.76

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 8,007 10 $1,201 100% N/A $0.02 0.78

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 8,007 10 $880 100% N/A $0.01 1

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 8,007 10 $2,482 100% N/A $0.04 0.43

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 192,172 10 $4,022 100% N/A $0.01 44

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 32,028 10 $6,851 100% N/A $0.03 5

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 6,565 32 $4,990 100% N/A $0.07 1

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 24,021 10 $2,387 100% N/A $0.01 1

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 442 32 $336 100% N/A $0.07 0.14

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 1,620 10 $160 100% N/A $0.01 0.13

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 74,352 10 $5,985 100% N/A $0.02 16

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Per Industry Existing 130,116 10 $8,327 100% N/A $0.02 18

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Optimization

Air Compressor

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 185,881 10 $37,213 100% N/A $0.04 50

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,858 10 $427 100% N/A $0.03 0.09

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 3,345 10 $1,204 100% N/A $0.05 0.12

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,858 10 $278 100% N/A $0.02 0.18

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,858 10 $204 100% N/A $0.01 0.32

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,858 10 $576 100% N/A $0.04 0.07

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 44,611 10 $933 100% N/A $0.01 7

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 7,435 10 $1,590 100% N/A $0.03 0.94

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,524 32 $1,158 100% N/A $0.07 0.34

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 5,576 10 $554 100% N/A $0.01 0.31

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Electro

Chemical

Metal: New Arc

Furnace

Metal: New Arc

Furnace

Per Industry Existing 1,271,945 10 $17,435 100% N/A $0.01 109

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Electro

Chemical

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 11,588 32 $8,807 100% N/A $0.07 3

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Electro

Chemical

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 42,398 10 $4,213 100% N/A $0.01 3

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 10,606 32 $8,060 100% N/A $0.07 3

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 38,804 10 $3,856 100% N/A $0.01 3

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-102
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 361 10 $83 100% N/A $0.03 0.02

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 650 10 $234 100% N/A $0.05 0.03

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 361 10 $54 100% N/A $0.02 0.03

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 361 10 $39 100% N/A $0.01 0.06

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 361 10 $111 100% N/A $0.04 0.01

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 8,666 10 $181 100% N/A $0.01 2

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 1,444 10 $309 100% N/A $0.03 0.25

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 296 32 $225 100% N/A $0.07 0.09

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 1,083 10 $107 100% N/A $0.01 0.08

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,130 10 $260 100% N/A $0.03 0.07

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 2,035 10 $732 100% N/A $0.05 0.10

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,130 10 $169 100% N/A $0.02 0.11

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Motors: Rewind

501-5000 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,130 10 $124 100% N/A $0.01 0.19

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 1,130 10 $350 100% N/A $0.04 0.06

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 27,141 10 $568 100% N/A $0.01 6

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 16,963 10 $0.00 100% N/A $0.01 4

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 4,523 10 $967 100% N/A $0.03 0.76

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 927 32 $704 100% N/A $0.07 0.27

Electric Primary

Metal Mfg

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 3,392 10 $337 100% N/A $0.01 0.25

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 366,519 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 85

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 1,282,819 10 $9,955 23% 100% $0.03 202

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 1,832,598 10 $19,911 30% 100% $0.03 434

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 18,325 10 $4,214 17% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 32,986 10 $11,875 11% 100% $0.05 2

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 18,325 10 $5,681 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.02

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 439,823 10 $9,205 27% 100% $0.01 99

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 73,303 10 $15,681 21% 100% $0.03 12

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-103
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 15,027 32 $11,420 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 54,977 10 $5,463 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 39,597 32 $30,094 37% 100% $0.07 12

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 144,870 10 $14,396 9.4% 100% $0.01 11

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 4,360,615 10 $10,129 13% 100% $-0.00 472

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 3,177,019 10 $51,081 19% 100% $0.01 470

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 1,757,038 10 $74,249 15% 100% $0.03 190

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 25,540 32 $19,410 37% 100% $0.07 6

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 93,441 10 $9,286 9.4% 100% $0.01 5

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 13,340 32 $10,138 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 48,806 10 $4,850 9.4% 100% $0.01 3

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 845,403 10 $68,054 26% 100% $0.02 188

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,135 10 $4,861 17% 100% $0.03 2

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 38,043 10 $13,695 11% 100% $0.05 3

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 21,135 10 $6,551 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.03

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 507,241 10 $10,616 27% 100% $0.01 111

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 84,540 10 $18,085 21% 100% $0.03 13

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 17,330 32 $13,171 37% 100% $0.07 5

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 63,405 10 $6,301 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 6,091 32 $4,629 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 22,287 10 $2,214 9.4% 100% $0.01 1

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-104
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 973 10 $223 17% 100% $0.03 0.13

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 1,752 10 $630 11% 100% $0.05 0.16

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 973 10 $301 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.00

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 23,360 10 $488 27% 100% $0.01 5

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 3,893 10 $832 21% 100% $0.03 0.67

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 798 32 $606 37% 100% $0.07 0.24

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 2,920 10 $290 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.22

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Pumps Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 33,174 10 $7,630 17% 100% $0.03 4

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 59,713 10 $21,496 11% 100% $0.05 5

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Pumps Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 33,174 10 $10,283 0.2% 100% $0.04 0.05

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 796,177 10 $16,663 27% 100% $0.01 184

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 497,610 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 128

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 1,326,961 10 $65,870 34% 100% $0.03 357

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 132,696 10 $28,387 21% 100% $0.03 22

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 27,202 32 $20,674 37% 100% $0.07 8

Electric Printing

Related

Support

Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 99,522 10 $9,890 9.4% 100% $0.01 7

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 261,218 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 51

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 914,264 10 $78,365 23% 100% $0.03 150

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 1,306,091 10 $56,731 30% 100% $0.03 331

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 23,509 10 $8,463 13% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 313,462 10 $6,560 27% 100% $0.01 55

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-105
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 52,243 10 $11,176 21% 100% $0.03 6

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 10,709 32 $8,139 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 39,182 10 $29,778 9.4% 100% $0.11 2

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 46,561 32 $35,387 37% 100% $0.07 14

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 170,348 10 $29,464 9.4% 100% $0.11 13

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Lighting Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 6,056,389 10 $68,499 1.3% 100% $0.01 66

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Lighting HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 4,412,512 10 $68,117 1.9% 100% $0.03 72

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 2,440,323 10 $19,788 15% 100% $0.03 315

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 35,473 32 $26,959 37% 100% $0.07 10

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 129,779 10 $98,632 9.4% 100% $0.11 9

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 52,748 10 $18,989 13% 100% $0.05 5

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 703,313 10 $14,720 27% 100% $0.01 162

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 117,218 10 $25,076 21% 100% $0.03 19

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 24,029 32 $18,262 37% 100% $0.07 6

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 87,914 10 $66,814 9.4% 100% $0.11 6

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 13,099 32 $9,955 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 47,923 10 $36,422 9.4% 100% $0.11 3

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 1,216,092 10 $97,895 26% 100% $0.02 270

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Per Industry Existing 2,128,161 10 $36,202 17% 100% $0.02 312

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Optimization

Air Compressor

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 3,040,230 10 $8,654 36% 100% $0.04 928

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 54,724 10 $19,700 13% 100% $0.05 4

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-106
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 729,655 10 $15,271 27% 100% $0.01 119

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 121,609 10 $26,015 21% 100% $0.03 15

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 24,929 32 $18,946 37% 100% $0.07 5

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 91,206 10 $69,317 9.4% 100% $0.11 5

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 32,865 32 $24,977 37% 100% $0.07 10

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 120,238 10 $91,381 9.4% 100% $0.11 9

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 13,444 10 $4,840 13% 100% $0.05 1

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 179,265 10 $3,752 27% 100% $0.01 41

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 29,877 10 $6,391 21% 100% $0.03 5

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 6,124 32 $4,654 37% 100% $0.07 1

Electric Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 22,408 10 $17,030 9.4% 100% $0.11 1

Electric Wastewater Lighting Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 1,207,008 10 $93,369 1.0% 100% $0.01 10

Electric Wastewater Lighting HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 879,391 10 $12,870 2.0% 100% $0.03 15

Electric Wastewater Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 486,344 10 $3,591 15% 100% $0.03 62

Electric Wastewater Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 7,069 32 $5,372 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Wastewater Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 25,864 10 $19,656 9.4% 100% $0.11 1

Electric Wastewater Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 49,487 32 $37,610 37% 100% $0.07 15

Electric Wastewater Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 181,051 10 $37,598 9.4% 100% $0.11 14

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 11,414,848 10 $18,895 26% 100% $0.02 2,540

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Per Industry Existing 19,975,985 10 $78,463 17% 100% $0.02 2,778

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Optimization

Air Compressor

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 28,537,121 10 $13,131 36% 100% $0.04 7,765

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 16,551,530 11 $37,304 27% 100% $0.03 2,809

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 28,537,121 11 $25,579 22% 100% $0.05 3,637

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 513,668 10 $84,920 11% 100% $0.05 29

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 6,848,909 10 $43,347 27% 100% $0.01 952

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 1,141,484 10 $44,198 21% 100% $0.03 119

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 234,004 32 $77,843 37% 100% $0.07 43

Electric Wastewater Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 856,113 10 $50,646 9.4% 100% $0.11 39

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-107
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Wastewater Pumps Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 4,400,406 11 $41,639 27% 100% $0.03 823

Electric Wastewater Pumps Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 7,586,908 11 $95,622 22% 100% $0.05 1,066

Electric Wastewater Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 136,564 10 $49,163 11% 100% $0.05 12

Electric Wastewater Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 1,820,858 10 $38,110 27% 100% $0.01 352

Electric Wastewater Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 1,138,036 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 302

Electric Wastewater Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 3,034,763 10 $79,345 34% 100% $0.03 852

Electric Wastewater Pumps Pump System

Optimization

Pump System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 7,586,908 12 $27,074 15% 100% $0.06 914

Electric Wastewater Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 303,476 10 $64,922 21% 100% $0.03 45

Electric Wastewater Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 62,212 32 $47,281 37% 100% $0.07 16

Electric Wastewater Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 227,607 10 $72,981 9.4% 100% $0.11 12

Electric Water Fans Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 14,622,538 11 $99,867 27% 100% $0.03 2,579

Electric Water Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 5,042,254 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 1,176

Electric Water Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 17,647,891 10 $12,676 23% 100% $0.03 3,416

Electric Water Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 25,211,273 10 $25,352 30% 100% $0.03 5,721

Electric Water Fans Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 25,211,273 11 $69,948 22% 100% $0.05 3,339

Electric Water Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 453,802 10 $63,369 11% 100% $0.05 26

Electric Water Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 6,050,705 10 $26,641 27% 100% $0.01 874

Electric Water Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 1,008,450 10 $15,738 21% 100% $0.03 109

Electric Water Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 206,732 32 $57,116 37% 100% $0.07 39

Electric Water Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 756,338 10 $74,817 9.4% 100% $0.11 36

Electric Water Lighting Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 7,130,461 10 $51,585 1.0% 100% $0.01 60

Electric Water Lighting HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 5,195,050 10 $57,543 2.0% 100% $0.03 89

Electric Water Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 2,873,102 10 $11,970 15% 100% $0.03 372

Electric Water Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 41,764 32 $31,740 37% 100% $0.07 12

Electric Water Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 152,795 10 $16,124 9.4% 100% $0.11 11

Electric Water Motors

Other

Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 14,622,538 11 $99,867 27% 100% $0.03 3,386

Electric Water Motors

Other

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 25,211,273 11 $69,948 22% 100% $0.05 4,385

Electric Water Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 453,802 10 $63,369 11% 100% $0.05 35

Electric Water Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 6,050,705 10 $26,641 27% 100% $0.01 1,148

Electric Water Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 1,008,450 10 $15,738 21% 100% $0.03 144

Electric Water Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 206,732 32 $57,116 37% 100% $0.07 52

Electric Water Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 756,338 10 $74,817 9.4% 100% $0.11 47

Electric Water Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 292,348 32 $22,185 37% 100% $0.07 93

Electric Water Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 1,069,569 10 $12,872 9.4% 100% $0.11 85

Electric Water Pumps Energy Project

Management

Energy Project

Management

Per Industry Existing 94,529,543 11 $35,506 27% 100% $0.03 17,694

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-108
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Water Pumps Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Integrated Plant

Energy Management

Per Industry Existing 62,981,971 11 $28,961 22% 100% $0.05 22,911

Electric Water Pumps Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 2,933,675 10 $56,123 11% 100% $0.05 276

Electric Water Pumps Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 39,115,673 10 $18,691 27% 100% $0.01 7,566

Electric Water Pumps Pump Energy

Management

Pump Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 24,447,295 10 $0.00 31% 100% $0.01 6,496

Electric Water Pumps Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Pump Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 65,192,788 10 $49,098 34% 100% $0.03 18,312

Electric Water Pumps Pump System

Optimization

Pump System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 62,981,971 12 $97,420 15% 100% $0.06 19,640

Electric Water Pumps Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 6,519,278 10 $94,671 21% 100% $0.03 985

Electric Water Pumps Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 1,336,452 32 $15,703 37% 100% $0.07 357

Electric Water Pumps Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 4,889,459 10 $15,988 9.4% 100% $0.11 260

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Fan Energy

Mangement

Fan Energy

Mangement

Per Industry Existing 463,951 10 $0.00 27% 100% $0.01 108

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Fan Equipment

Upgrade

Per Industry Existing 1,623,830 10 $39,185 23% 100% $0.03 314

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Fan System

Optimization

Fan System

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 2,319,757 10 $78,370 30% 100% $0.03 526

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 23,197 10 $5,335 29% 100% $0.03 4

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 41,755 10 $15,032 9.5% 100% $0.05 2

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 23,197 10 $3,479 8.4% 100% $0.02 1

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 23,197 10 $7,191 12% 100% $0.04 1

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 556,741 10 $11,652 27% 100% $0.01 97

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 92,790 10 $19,850 21% 100% $0.03 12

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 19,022 32 $14,456 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Fans Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 69,592 10 $6,915 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Hvac Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 9,068 32 $6,892 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Hvac Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 33,178 10 $3,297 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Lighting Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Efficient Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 2,162,383 10 $67,273 4.4% 100% $0.01 82

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Lighting Efficient Lighting 2

Shift

Efficient Lighting 2

Shift

Per Industry Existing 2,162,383 10 $97,873 4.9% 100% $0.00 88

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Lighting Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Efficient Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 2,162,383 10 $54,612 10% 100% $-0.00 189

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Lighting HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

HighBay Lighting 1

Shift

Per Industry Existing 1,575,450 10 $81,362 6.7% 100% $0.03 77

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Lighting HighBay Lighting 2

Shift

HighBay Lighting 2

Shift

Per Industry Existing 1,575,450 10 $23,137 7.4% 100% $0.02 83

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Lighting HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

HighBay Lighting 3

Shift

Per Industry Existing 1,575,450 10 $24,508 15% 100% $0.01 166

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Lighting Lighting Controls Lighting Controls Per Industry Existing 871,297 10 $85,586 15% 100% $0.03 84

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Lighting Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 12,665 32 $9,625 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Lighting Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 46,336 10 $4,604 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Efficient Centrifugal

Fan

Efficient Centrifugal

Fan

Per Industry Existing 2,641,475 10 $80,268 11% 100% $0.02 237

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-109
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Material Handling

VFD2

Material Handling

VFD2

Per Industry Existing 2,473,389 10 $42,016 53% 100% $0.04 1,110

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Material Handling2 Material Handling2 Per Industry Existing 661,631 10 $9,173 53% 100% $0.07 267

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 66,036 10 $15,188 29% 100% $0.03 13

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 118,866 10 $42,791 9.5% 100% $0.05 8

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 66,036 10 $9,905 8.4% 100% $0.02 4

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 66,036 10 $20,471 12% 100% $0.04 5

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 1,584,885 10 $33,171 27% 100% $0.01 311

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 264,147 10 $56,509 21% 100% $0.03 36

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 54,150 32 $41,154 37% 100% $0.07 10

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 198,110 10 $19,687 9.4% 100% $0.01 9

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Motors

Other

Wood: Replace

Pneumatic Conveyor

Wood: Replace

Pneumatic Conveyor

Per Industry Existing 3,830,139 10 $55,537 50% 100% $-0.00 1,642

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Other Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 7,432 32 $5,648 37% 100% $0.07 2

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Other Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 27,193 10 $2,702 9.4% 100% $0.01 2

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Air Compressor

Demand Reduction

Per Industry Existing 1,070,136 10 $86,145 26% 100% $0.02 238

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Air Compressor

Equipment2

Per Industry Existing 1,872,738 10 $19,855 17% 100% $0.02 260

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Air Compressor

Optimization

Air Compressor

Optimization

Per Industry Existing 2,675,340 10 $35,603 36% 100% $0.04 727

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 26,753 10 $6,153 29% 100% $0.03 4

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 48,156 10 $17,336 9.5% 100% $0.05 2

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 26,753 10 $4,013 8.4% 100% $0.02 1

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 26,753 10 $8,293 12% 100% $0.04 2

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 642,081 10 $13,438 27% 100% $0.01 108

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 107,013 10 $22,893 21% 100% $0.03 13

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 21,937 32 $16,672 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Aircomp

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 80,260 10 $7,976 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 13,596 32 $10,333 37% 100% $0.07 4

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Heat

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 49,742 10 $4,943 9.4% 100% $0.01 4

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Motors: Rewind

101-200 HP

Per Industry Existing 937 10 $215 29% 100% $0.03 0.23

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Motors: Rewind 20-50

HP

Per Industry Existing 1,687 10 $607 9.5% 100% $0.05 0.13

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Motors: Rewind

201-500 HP

Per Industry Existing 937 10 $140 8.4% 100% $0.02 0.06

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Other

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Motors: Rewind

51-100 HP

Per Industry Existing 937 10 $290 12% 100% $0.04 0.09

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Other

Plant Energy

Management

Plant Energy

Management

Per Industry Existing 22,497 10 $470 27% 100% $0.01 5

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-110
Table B-2.3. Industrial Electric Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(kWh)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($ per kWh)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(kWh)

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Other

Synchronous Belts Synchronous Belts Per Industry Existing 3,749 10 $802 21% 100% $0.03 0.65

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-New Transformers-New Per Industry Existing 768 32 $584 37% 100% $0.07 0.23

Electric Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Other

Transformers-Retrofit Transformers-Retrofit Per Industry Existing 2,812 10 $279 9.4% 100% $0.01 0.21

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-111
Table B-2.1. Residential Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 28 5 $576 25% 95% $5.18 97

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 1 30 $127 95% 50% $0.68 11

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 154 25 $1,598 75% 1% $1.09 16

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 122 25 $1,598 75% 35% $1.38 450

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 2 25 $1,976 40% 95% $71.90 13

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 3 20 $326 25% 95% $6.81 11

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 7 20 $126 85% 75% $0.47 59

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 1 6 $25 95% 50% $0.37 10

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 189 25 $1,610 20% 25% $0.90 114

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 18 25 $1,610 25% 50% $9.35 26

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 4 25 $429 25% 85% $7.98 11

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 11 11 $450 75% 50% $5.42 49

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 59 30 $1,114 5.0% 95% $1.81 32

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 19 11 $890 10% 95% $6.78 26

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 90 25 $1,694 60% 15% $2.00 91

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 17 25 $3,187 55% 85% $19.44 83

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 87 25 $3,761 55% 15% $4.76 76

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Boiler

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 106 25 $3,761 55% 5% $3.89 30

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-112
Table B-2.1. Residential Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 28 5 $576 25% 95% $5.06 4,207

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 1 30 $127 95% 50% $0.72 444

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 158 25 $1,598 75% 1% $1.07 702

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 125 25 $1,598 75% 35% $1.35 19,357

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 3 25 $1,976 40% 95% $70.35 598

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 3 20 $326 25% 95% $6.70 487

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 7 20 $126 85% 75% $0.46 2,538

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 1 6 $25 95% 50% $0.39 424

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Duct Insulation

Upgrade

R-8 (WA Code) R-4 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 14 20 $534 75% 75% $3.53 4,061

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Duct

Sealing -

Aerosol-Based

Spray-in ductwork

sealant to minimize

duct leaks

No Duct Sealing Per Home Existing 15 18 $827 50% 60% $5.69 2,309

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 201 25 $1,610 20% 25% $0.85 4,900

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 20 25 $1,610 25% 50% $8.35 1,199

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 5 25 $429 25% 85% $7.08 513

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 10 11 $450 75% 50% $5.87 1,838

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 60 30 $1,114 5.0% 95% $1.77 1,321

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 19 11 $890 10% 95% $6.63 1,117

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 91 25 $1,694 60% 15% $1.96 3,746

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 18 25 $3,187 55% 85% $19.13 3,415

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-113
Table B-2.1. Residential Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 88 25 $3,761 55% 15% $4.66 3,139

Gas Manufactured Heat

Central

Furnace

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 108 25 $3,761 55% 5% $3.81 1,247

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes Washer - Gas

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 10 14 $80 99% 95% $1.04 97

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Home Existing 0.01 14 $209 100% 95% $-1508.28 0.25

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 0.84 12 $36 95% 50% $4.68 0.28

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drain Water Heat

Recovery (GFX)

Gravity Film Heat

Exchanger

No Heat Exchanger Per Home Existing 20 40 $540 29% 90% $2.76 76

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 1.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 3 9 $3 95% 65% $0.16 12

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 4 9 $2 95% 25% $0.11 11

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 4 9 $2 50% 95% $0.08 24

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

1.0 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 3 9 $1 50% 80% $-2.44 14

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 2 5 $23 95% 75% $2.08 22

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 16 10 $53 95% 85% $-0.43 100

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 9 10 $0.00 95% 5% $-0.65 3

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes Washer - Gas

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 10 14 $80 99% 95% $1.04 1,140

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Home Existing 0.01 14 $209 100% 95% $-1508.28 2

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 0.84 12 $36 71% 50% $4.68 2

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drain Water Heat

Recovery (GFX)

Gravity Film Heat

Exchanger

No Heat Exchanger Per Home Existing 20 40 $540 29% 90% $2.76 819

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 1.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 3 9 $3 95% 65% $0.16 146

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 4 9 $2 95% 25% $0.11 135

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 4 9 $2 50% 95% $0.08 288

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

1.0 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 3 9 $1 50% 80% $-2.44 171

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 2 5 $23 95% 75% $2.27 239

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-114
Table B-2.1. Residential Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 16 10 $53 95% 85% $-0.43 1,180

Gas Manufactured Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 9 10 $0.00 95% 5% $-0.65 40

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 1 30 $50 95% 50% $-5.62 240

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 51 25 $456 50% 50% $0.79 5,353

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 19 25 $456 50% 50% $2.02 1,966

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (Above WA

Code - Multi Family

Only)

R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 1 25 $73 15% 95% $-2.72 65

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 1 6 $25 95% 50% $0.47 318

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 74 25 $579 20% 25% $0.72 1,438

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 7 25 $579 25% 50% $7.24 353

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 8 25 $154 25% 85% $0.66 720

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 15 11 $358 75% 50% $3.16 2,131

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 76 25 $1,011 60% 15% $1.35 2,498

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 22 25 $2,272 45% 85% $11.01 2,016

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 89 25 $2,682 45% 15% $3.27 2,080

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Boiler

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 107 25 $2,682 45% 5% $2.71 815

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 1 30 $50 95% 50% $-6.41 8,050

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 33 25 $456 50% 50% $1.20 133,599

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Ceiling Insulation R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 12 25 $456 50% 50% $3.12 49,528

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (Above WA

Code - Multi Family

Only)

R-38 (WA Code - Multi

Family Only)

Per Home Existing 0.76 25 $73 15% 95% $-4.22 1,667

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 1 6 $25 95% 50% $0.54 10,965

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 95 25 $579 20% 25% $0.56 72,508

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 9 25 $579 25% 50% $5.61 17,891

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-115
Table B-2.1. Residential Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 11 25 $154 25% 85% $0.51 36,409

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 13 11 $358 75% 50% $3.61 72,766

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 75 25 $1,011 60% 15% $1.36 97,267

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 22 25 $2,272 45% 85% $11.02 79,004

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 89 25 $2,682 45% 15% $3.26 81,847

Gas Multifamily Heat

Central

Furnace

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 108 25 $2,682 45% 5% $2.71 32,068

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes Washer - Gas

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 10 14 $80 15% 95% $1.04 507

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

1 (MEF

2.0 - 2.19) - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Home Existing 0.00 14 $35 15% 87% $-3064.33 90

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

2 (MEF

2.2 - 2.45) - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Home Existing 0.00 14 $102 15% 95% $-2477.42 147

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Gas

DHW & Dryer

RTF Market Standard

2018 Clothes

Washer - MEF 2.36

and WF 4.1 (Gas

DHW & Dryer)

Per Unit Each Existing 0.77 14 $75 15% 95% $-7.89 32

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Home Existing 0.01 14 $209 15% 99% $-1796.85 200

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 0.84 12 $36 95% 50% $4.68 13

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 1.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 4 9 $3 95% 65% $0.13 517

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 5 9 $2 95% 25% $0.09 480

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 5 9 $2 50% 95% $0.06 1,020

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

1.0 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 4 9 $1 50% 80% $-2.00 606

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 2 5 $23 95% 75% $2.16 722

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 16 10 $45 95% 85% $-0.69 3,566

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 9 10 $0.00 95% 5% $-0.62 122

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes Washer - Gas

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 10 14 $80 15% 95% $1.04 5,934

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-116
Table B-2.1. Residential Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

1 (MEF

2.0 - 2.19) - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Home Existing 0.00 14 $35 15% 87% $-3064.33 1,058

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

2 (MEF

2.2 - 2.45) - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Home Existing 0.00 14 $102 15% 95% $-2477.42 1,727

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Gas

DHW & Dryer

RTF Market Standard

2018 Clothes

Washer - MEF 2.36

and WF 4.1 (Gas

DHW & Dryer)

Per Unit Each Existing 0.77 14 $75 15% 95% $-7.89 378

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Home Existing 0.01 14 $209 15% 99% $-1796.85 2,355

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 0.84 12 $36 58% 50% $4.68 92

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 1.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 4 9 $3 95% 65% $0.13 6,069

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 5 9 $2 95% 25% $0.09 5,632

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 5 9 $2 50% 95% $0.06 11,969

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

1.0 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 4 9 $1 50% 80% $-2.00 7,115

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 2 5 $23 95% 75% $2.35 7,757

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 16 10 $45 95% 85% $-0.69 41,835

Gas Multifamily Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 9 10 $0.00 95% 5% $-0.62 1,432

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 52 5 $576 50% 95% $2.66 373,668

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 4 30 $203 95% 50% $-1.89 29,943

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 109 45 $1,332 95% 1% $0.93 14,654

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 43 45 $1,332 75% 35% $2.35 160,406

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 1 45 $315 75% 95% $-0.75 12,187

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 4 20 $200 25% 95% $-0.86 13,566

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-117
Table B-2.1. Residential Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 8 20 $126 85% 75% $-1.46 71,577

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 3 6 $25 95% 50% $-2.11 19,974

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 183 45 $1,621 20% 25% $0.71 124,080

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 17 45 $1,621 25% 50% $7.41 29,400

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 21 45 $426 25% 85% $0.48 59,851

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 31 11 $596 75% 50% $2.31 156,210

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 110 30 $1,114 5.0% 95% $0.81 67,359

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 35 11 $890 10% 95% $3.33 48,405

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 209 45 $3,094 60% 15% $1.34 239,346

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 44 45 $5,316 55% 75% $11.26 205,893

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 190 45 $6,274 55% 15% $3.16 186,371

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Boiler

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 231 45 $6,274 55% 5% $2.60 73,222

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

Air-to-Air Heat

Exchangers

No Air to Air Heat

Exchangers

Per Home Existing 53 5 $576 50% 95% $2.60 11,992,091

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

Canned Lighting Air

Tight Sealing

No Air tight Sealing Per Fixture Existing 4 30 $203 95% 50% $-2.03 873,471

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-0 (Zero

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 82 45 $1,332 95% 1% $1.24 344,593

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Ceiling Insulation R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-10 (Existing

Insulation - Single

Family and

Manufactured Homes

Only)

Per Home Existing 32 45 $1,332 75% 35% $3.15 3,746,232

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Ceiling Insulation R-60 (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-49 (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Home Existing 0.92 45 $315 75% 95% $-1.01 285,332

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Doors R-10 (Doors with foam

core) (Above WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 4 20 $200 25% 95% $-0.85 432,871

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-118
Table B-2.1. Residential Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Doors R-5 (Composite Doors

with foam core) (WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

R-2.5 (Standard

non-thermal wood

door) (Below WA

Code - Single Family

and Manufactured

Homes Only)

Per Door Existing 8 20 $126 85% 75% $-1.44 2,284,523

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Doors -

Weatherization

Weatherstripping And

Adding Door Sweeps

Existing Non-Efficient

door

Per Door Existing 2 6 $25 95% 50% $-2.27 587,117

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Duct Insulation

Upgrade

R-8 (WA Code) R-4 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 39 20 $1,336 75% 75% $3.22 9,433,248

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Duct

Sealing -

Aerosol-Based

Spray-in ductwork

sealant to minimize

duct leaks

No Duct Sealing Per Home Existing 30 18 $827 50% 60% $2.46 3,687,025

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 224 45 $1,621 20% 25% $0.58 4,523,818

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Floor Insulation R-30 (WA Code) R-15 (Existing

Insulation)

Per Home Existing 21 45 $1,621 25% 50% $6.03 1,074,182

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Floor Insulation R-38 (Above WA

Code)

R-30 (WA Code) Per Home Existing 26 45 $426 25% 85% $0.39 2,185,405

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Infiltration Control

(Caulk, Weather Strip,

etc.) Blower-Door test

Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

Existing Infiltration

Conditions

Per Home Existing 29 11 $596 75% 50% $2.49 4,299,886

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Leak Proof Duct

Fittings

Quick connect fittings

that do not require

mastic or drawbands

(5 per unit)

standard ducts with 13

SEER HVAC

Per Home Existing 113 30 $1,114 5.0% 95% $0.79 2,046,489

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Thermostat -

Multi-Zone

Individual Room

Temperature Control

for Major Occupied

Rooms

Programmable

Thermostat - Central

Control Only

Per Home Existing 36 11 $890 10% 95% $3.25 1,553,455

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Wall Insulation 2x4 R-13 (Below WA

Code - Maximum

Insulation Feasible)

R-0 (Zero Insulation) Per Home Existing 212 45 $3,094 60% 15% $1.32 7,202,899

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Windows U-value = 0.22 (Above

WA Code)

U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Per Home Existing 45 45 $5,316 55% 75% $11.13 6,184,707

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Double Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 193 45 $6,274 55% 15% $3.11 5,621,639

Gas Single Family Heat

Central

Furnace

Windows U-value = 0.32 (WA

Code)

Single Pane (Existing

Window)

Per Home Existing 235 45 $6,274 55% 5% $2.56 2,208,990

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes Washer - Gas

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 10 14 $80 100% 95% $1.04 163,618

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Gas

DHW & Dryer

RTF Market Standard

2018 Clothes

Washer - MEF 2.36

and WF 4.1 (Gas

DHW & Dryer)

Per Unit Each Existing 0.84 14 $75 99% 95% $-8.48 93

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 0.84 12 $36 95% 50% $4.68 684

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drain Water Heat

Recovery (GFX)

Gravity Film Heat

Exchanger

No Heat Exchanger Per Home Existing 20 40 $540 29% 90% $2.76 126,369

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 1.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 5 9 $5 95% 65% $0.17 18,612

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 6 9 $4 95% 25% $0.11 27,431

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-119
Table B-2.1. Residential Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 9 9 $4 67% 95% $0.08 103,630

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

1.0 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 6 9 $3 67% 80% $-1.22 61,600

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 2 5 $23 95% 75% $2.07 36,774

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 27 10 $68 95% 85% $-0.14 283,045

Gas Single Family Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 16 10 $0.00 95% 5% $-0.38 9,692

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer Cold Water Only

Clothes Washer - Gas

Dryer

MEF = 1.66 - Gas

DHW & Gas Dryer

Per Unit Each Existing 10 14 $80 100% 95% $1.04 1,914,286

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer ENERGY STAR - Tier

3 (MEF 2.46 or higher)

Top 10% of ENERGY

STAR Model - Gas

DHW & Dryer

RTF Market Standard

2018 Clothes

Washer - MEF 2.36

and WF 4.1 (Gas

DHW & Dryer)

Per Unit Each Existing 0.84 14 $75 99% 95% $-8.48 1,094

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Home Existing 0.84 12 $36 71% 50% $4.68 5,636

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drain Water Heat

Recovery (GFX)

Gravity Film Heat

Exchanger

No Heat Exchanger Per Home Existing 20 40 $540 29% 90% $2.76 1,357,655

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 1.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 5 9 $5 95% 65% $0.17 218,314

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet Aerators 2.2 GPM Existing Faucet

Aerator (3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 6 9 $4 95% 25% $0.11 321,756

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 9 9 $4 67% 95% $0.08 1,215,524

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Faucet

Aerators - Bathroom

Only

1.0 GPM 2.2 GPM Per Home Existing 6 9 $3 67% 80% $-1.22 722,540

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Hot Water Pipe

Insulation

R-4 Wrap No insulation Per Home Existing 2 5 $23 95% 75% $2.25 395,175

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM Per Home Existing 27 10 $68 95% 85% $-0.14 3,319,966

Gas Single Family Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM Existing Showerhead

(3.0 GPM)

Per Home Existing 16 10 $0.00 95% 5% $-0.38 113,690

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-120
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 78 15 $2,875 50% 94% $5.14 57,845

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 43 20 $671 10% 90% $1.93 5,805

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 98 7 $2,267 90% 80% $5.00 68,084

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 102 15 $34,959 15% 67% $48.08 15,356

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 117 5 $11,057 10% 59% $25.51 10,229

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 117 5 $4,469 50% 80% $10.31 54,793

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 117 10 $10,430 5.0% 94% $15.16 7,661

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 76 10 $322 10% 39% $0.72 4,066

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 186 25 $16,780 75% 85% $11.11 162,392

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 1 25 $16,780 75% 83% $2,060.82 725

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 16 25 $4,734 75% 98% $35.15 14,168

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 178 25 $8,846 35% 90% $6.10 64,373

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 33 25 $2,729 35% 90% $10.11 11,123

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 343 25 $10,857 10% 35% $3.90 12,569

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Pipe Insulation - Boiler 3" of Insulation,

assuming R-12 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 94 20 $1,553 75% 65% $2.04 47,565

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 23 15 $779 95% 26% $4.64 5,597

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Boiler

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.68 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 12 25 $60,038 10% 80% $602.07 861

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 116 15 $2,875 50% 94% $3.46 725,596

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 145 7 $2,267 90% 80% $3.36 906,649

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 151 15 $34,959 15% 67% $32.36 193,587

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 175 5 $11,057 10% 59% $17.17 128,950

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 175 5 $4,469 50% 80% $6.94 690,724

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 29 18 $4,599 45% 45% $20.43 69,353

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-121
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 175 10 $10,430 5.0% 94% $10.21 96,091

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 113 10 $322 10% 39% $0.49 51,005

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 276 25 $16,780 75% 85% $7.48 2,036,755

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 1 25 $16,780 75% 83% $1,387.14 9,104

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 24 25 $4,734 75% 98% $23.66 177,700

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 49 25 $2,224 10% 15% $5.60 7,093

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 265 25 $8,846 35% 90% $4.11 806,877

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 49 25 $2,729 35% 90% $6.81 139,421

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 510 25 $10,857 10% 35% $2.63 157,544

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 35 15 $779 95% 26% $3.13 74,536

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Space Heat

Furnace

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.68 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 18 25 $60,038 10% 80% $405.25 11,476

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 18 10 $3,194 75% 94% $29.55 4,377

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $44 24% 25% $5.95 20

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 74 25 $1,250 5.0% 92% $2.08 1,102

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 14 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.56 3,418

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 4 9 $3 95% 25% $-1.21 393

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 3 12 $25 75% 90% $1.10 798

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 9 10 $452 75% 95% $6.92 2,212

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 16 10 $3,194 75% 94% $32.46 46,151

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $44 24% 25% $5.95 241

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 67 25 $1,250 5.0% 92% $2.29 11,620

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 13 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.55 36,041

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 4 9 $3 95% 25% $-1.16 4,146

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 3 12 $25 75% 90% $1.20 8,419

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-122
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Dry Goods

Retail

Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 8 10 $452 75% 95% $7.69 23,321

Gas Grocery Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler

(34% Efficient)

Standard Broiler (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 115 10 $9 95% 75% $0.01 22,673

Gas Grocery Cooking Fryers - Commercial

Gas Cooking

Energy Star

Commercial Fryer

(50% efficient)

Non-Energy Star Fryer

(35% efficient)

Per Building Existing 10 8 $54 45% 35% $1.06 442

Gas Grocery Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle

(40% Efficient)

Standard Griddle (32%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 8 12 $166 45% 35% $3.03 107

Gas Grocery Cooking High Efficiency

Convection Oven

Convection Oven Standard Oven Per Building Existing 71 12 $112 85% 85% $0.25 14,242

Gas Grocery Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model

(23% Efficient)

Standard Model (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 647 10 $144 5.0% 85% $0.04 7,601

Gas Grocery Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner

Oven - Improved

Atmospheric Burner

(60% Efficient)

Standard (40%-50%

Efficiency)

Per Building Existing 232 12 $269 25% 90% $0.18 14,462

Gas Grocery Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 158 12 $308 5.0% 35% $0.31 1,459

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 399 20 $1,868 10% 90% $0.58 125

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 908 7 $6,308 90% 80% $1.50 1,761

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,090 5 $30,771 10% 61% $7.68 230

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,090 5 $12,433 50% 80% $3.10 1,199

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,090 10 $29,025 5.0% 94% $4.56 167

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 327 10 $5,448 64% 85% $2.85 578

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 554 10 $635 10% 39% $0.20 68

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,671 25 $48,345 75% 10% $3.57 396

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 9 25 $48,345 75% 70% $632.77 15

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 149 25 $13,637 75% 85% $11.28 295

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,675 25 $25,490 35% 45% $1.88 808

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 311 25 $7,862 35% 45% $3.11 144

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,259 25 $27,368 10% 35% $1.04 334

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Pipe Insulation - Boiler 3" of Insulation,

assuming R-12 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 876 20 $2,590 75% 65% $0.37 1,232

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 218 15 $754 95% 31% $0.49 171

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Boiler

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 54 25 $18,650 10% 85% $268.61 11

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 1,350 7 $6,308 90% 80% $1.01 344,125

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-123
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,620 5 $30,771 10% 61% $5.17 42,568

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,620 5 $12,433 50% 80% $2.09 221,856

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 270 18 $12,799 45% 45% $6.15 22,275

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,620 10 $29,025 5.0% 94% $3.07 30,864

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 486 10 $5,448 64% 85% $1.92 106,414

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 823 10 $635 10% 39% $0.13 12,528

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,483 25 $48,345 75% 10% $2.40 72,923

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 14 25 $48,345 75% 70% $425.91 2,828

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 221 25 $13,637 75% 85% $7.59 54,305

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 453 25 $6,192 10% 15% $1.68 2,581

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,488 25 $25,490 35% 45% $1.26 148,632

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 463 25 $7,862 35% 45% $2.09 26,662

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 4,956 25 $27,368 10% 35% $0.68 62,969

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 324 15 $754 95% 31% $0.33 33,553

Gas Grocery Space Heat

Furnace

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 80 25 $18,650 10% 85% $180.80 2,216

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 233 10 $8,889 75% 94% $6.53 2,855

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 0.99 12 $44 24% 25% $7.12 1

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 37 12 $568 95% 95% $-15.70 588

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 933 25 $8,331 5.0% 92% $1.10 713

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 180 9 $12 95% 75% $-0.07 2,230

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 62 9 $9 95% 25% $-0.46 256

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 36 4 $247 95% 74% $2.13 444

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 46 12 $102 75% 90% $0.35 514

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-124
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 116 10 $1,258 75% 95% $1.31 1,442

Gas Grocery Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 531 10 $29,121 75% 55% $9.38 3,474

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 212 10 $8,889 75% 94% $7.17 30,105

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 0.99 12 $44 24% 25% $7.12 12

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 34 12 $513 95% 95% $-17.50 6,199

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 849 25 $8,331 5.0% 92% $1.21 7,523

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 164 9 $12 95% 75% $-0.06 23,511

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 56 9 $9 95% 25% $-0.47 2,704

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 36 4 $247 95% 74% $2.13 5,147

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 42 12 $102 75% 90% $0.38 5,416

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 106 10 $1,258 75% 95% $1.50 15,213

Gas Grocery Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 484 10 $29,121 75% 55% $10.30 36,608

Gas Hospital Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler

(34% Efficient)

Standard Broiler (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 11 10 $1 95% 75% $0.02 15,617

Gas Hospital Cooking Fryers - Commercial

Gas Cooking

Energy Star

Commercial Fryer

(50% efficient)

Non-Energy Star Fryer

(35% efficient)

Per Building Existing 0.07 8 $3 45% 35% $8.51 23

Gas Hospital Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle

(40% Efficient)

Standard Griddle (32%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 1 12 $32 45% 35% $2.90 29

Gas Hospital Cooking High Efficiency

Convection Oven

Convection Oven Standard Oven Per Building Existing 7 12 $23 85% 55% $0.51 6,347

Gas Hospital Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model

(23% Efficient)

Standard Model (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 66 10 $11 5.0% 85% $0.03 5,236

Gas Hospital Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner

Oven - Improved

Atmospheric Burner

(60% Efficient)

Standard (40%-50%

Efficiency)

Per Building Existing 23 12 $20 25% 90% $0.13 9,962

Gas Hospital Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 32 12 $62 5.0% 35% $0.31 1,985

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 536 15 $4,249 5.0% 94% $1.11 19,254

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 295 20 $992 10% 90% $0.42 20,183

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-125
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 670 7 $3,352 90% 80% $1.08 280,597

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 697 15 $51,680 15% 67% $10.41 53,182

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 805 5 $16,345 20% 26% $5.52 30,991

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 805 5 $6,606 75% 80% $2.23 262,223

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 805 10 $15,419 5.0% 94% $3.28 26,161

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 241 10 $5,450 62% 85% $3.87 86,734

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 536 10 $440 10% 39% $0.14 13,942

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 918 25 $18,315 75% 13% $2.46 59,764

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 10 25 $18,315 75% 70% $209.10 3,724

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 111 25 $5,166 75% 85% $5.70 46,711

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-19 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 486 25 $9,655 35% 35% $2.45 38,582

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 203 25 $2,979 35% 35% $1.81 15,928

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,787 25 $11,248 10% 35% $0.37 84,445

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Pipe Insulation - Boiler 3" of Insulation,

assuming R-12 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 646 20 $1,888 75% 65% $0.36 195,918

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 161 15 $1,053 95% 24% $0.92 21,202

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 70%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,341 10 $35,871 25% 98% $4.58 173,775

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Boiler

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 69 25 $82,156 10% 60% $145.84 2,068

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 797 15 $4,249 5.0% 94% $0.75 45,354

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 996 7 $3,352 90% 80% $0.73 708,122

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 1,036 15 $51,680 15% 67% $7.01 126,374

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,196 5 $16,345 20% 26% $3.72 73,360

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,196 5 $6,606 75% 80% $1.50 620,711

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-126
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 199 18 $6,800 45% 45% $4.42 44,469

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,196 10 $15,419 5.0% 94% $2.21 61,613

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 358 10 $5,450 62% 85% $2.60 204,269

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 797 10 $440 10% 39% $0.09 32,835

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,363 25 $18,315 75% 13% $1.66 140,751

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 16 25 $18,315 75% 70% $140.74 8,772

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 165 25 $5,166 75% 85% $3.84 110,012

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 334 25 $3,289 10% 15% $1.21 5,154

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-19 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 723 25 $9,655 35% 35% $1.65 90,809

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 301 25 $2,979 35% 35% $1.22 37,490

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,575 25 $11,248 10% 35% $0.39 126,287

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 239 15 $1,053 95% 24% $0.62 53,506

Gas Hospital Space Heat

Furnace

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 103 25 $82,156 10% 60% $98.17 5,561

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 1,243 10 $8,285 0.8% 95% $0.12 669

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 3 7 $42 95% 80% $-8.01 220

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 410 10 $4,722 55% 94% $1.97 16,042

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $61 11% 25% $6.00 2

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 41 12 $627 95% 95% $-13.97 2,830

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,643 25 $12,082 5.0% 92% $0.91 5,535

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 317 9 $17 95% 75% $-0.03 17,108

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 109 9 $13 95% 25% $-0.35 1,968

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 19 4 $129 95% 83% $2.06 1,146

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 6 10 $62 95% 73% $-0.94 356

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-127
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 13 10 $51 95% 35% $-1.80 341

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 82 12 $148 75% 70% $0.28 3,111

Gas Hospital Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 205 10 $1,669 75% 90% $0.99 10,487

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 1,131 10 $8,285 0.8% 95% $0.24 7,061

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 3 7 $42 95% 80% $-8.01 2,554

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 374 10 $4,722 55% 94% $2.16 169,129

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $61 11% 25% $6.00 32

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 37 12 $570 95% 95% $-15.58 29,845

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,496 25 $12,082 5.0% 92% $1.00 58,362

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 289 9 $17 95% 75% $-0.03 180,376

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 99 9 $13 95% 25% $-0.35 20,749

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 19 4 $129 95% 83% $2.06 13,274

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 6 10 $62 95% 73% $-0.94 4,128

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 13 10 $51 95% 35% $-1.80 3,959

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 74 12 $148 75% 70% $0.31 32,798

Gas Hospital Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 187 10 $1,669 75% 90% $1.12 110,571

Gas Hotel Motel Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler

(34% Efficient)

Standard Broiler (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 26 10 $1 95% 75% $0.01 15,080

Gas Hotel Motel Cooking Fryers - Commercial

Gas Cooking

Energy Star

Commercial Fryer

(50% efficient)

Non-Energy Star Fryer

(35% efficient)

Per Building Existing 0.56 8 $13 35% 35% $4.91 55

Gas Hotel Motel Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle

(40% Efficient)

Standard Griddle (32%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 2 12 $40 45% 35% $2.99 18

Gas Hotel Motel Cooking High Efficiency

Convection Oven

Convection Oven Standard Oven Per Building Existing 16 12 $27 85% 55% $0.27 6,129

Gas Hotel Motel Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model

(23% Efficient)

Standard Model (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 147 10 $34 5.0% 85% $0.04 5,056

Gas Hotel Motel Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner

Oven - Improved

Atmospheric Burner

(60% Efficient)

Standard (40%-50%

Efficiency)

Per Building Existing 52 12 $64 15% 90% $0.19 5,771

Gas Hotel Motel Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 38 12 $75 2.5% 35% $0.31 520

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-128
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Hotel Motel Pool Heat RE - Installation of

Solar Pool/Spa

Heating Systems

Solar Pool/Spa

Heating Systems

No Solar Pool Heating

System

Per Building Existing 197 12 $9,119 30% 90% $7.26 19,313

Gas Hotel Motel Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa

Covers

Automatic Plastic Or

Foam Pool Covers

(50-65% Energy

Savings)

No Pool Covers Per Building Existing 784 10 $6,292 95% 35% $1.37 94,393

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 57 15 $4,375 50% 94% $10.73 7,908

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 157 20 $1,022 10% 30% $0.81 1,375

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 358 7 $3,450 90% 80% $2.09 57,036

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 372 15 $53,200 15% 67% $20.07 10,948

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 429 5 $16,826 10% 52% $10.65 6,462

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 429 5 $6,800 50% 80% $4.30 39,102

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 429 10 $15,872 5.0% 94% $6.33 5,467

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 128 10 $5,449 58% 85% $7.24 16,992

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 286 10 $933 10% 39% $0.56 2,918

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 421 25 $11,371 75% 25% $3.32 20,703

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 4 25 $11,371 75% 70% $320.78 584

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 51 25 $3,208 75% 85% $7.71 8,323

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 678 25 $5,995 35% 45% $1.09 26,858

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 86 25 $1,850 35% 45% $2.63 3,312

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,314 25 $17,675 10% 35% $1.66 11,084

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Pipe Insulation - Boiler 3" of Insulation,

assuming R-12 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 345 20 $1,915 75% 65% $0.69 39,907

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 85 15 $1,749 95% 31% $2.86 5,647

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 70%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 716 10 $36,924 25% 98% $8.83 35,322

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Boiler

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 21 25 $74,129 10% 50% $999.87 202

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-129
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 85 15 $4,375 50% 94% $7.22 4,465

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 532 7 $3,450 90% 80% $1.40 33,961

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 553 15 $53,200 15% 67% $13.51 6,191

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 638 5 $16,826 10% 52% $7.17 3,654

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 638 5 $6,800 50% 80% $2.90 22,113

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 106 18 $6,999 45% 45% $8.52 2,220

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 638 10 $15,872 5.0% 94% $4.26 3,076

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 191 10 $5,449 58% 85% $4.87 9,561

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 425 10 $933 10% 39% $0.38 1,641

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 626 25 $11,371 75% 25% $2.24 11,649

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 6 25 $11,371 75% 70% $215.92 328

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 76 25 $3,208 75% 85% $5.19 4,683

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 178 25 $3,386 10% 15% $2.34 255

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,007 25 $5,995 35% 45% $0.73 15,102

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 129 25 $1,850 35% 45% $1.77 1,862

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,348 25 $17,675 10% 35% $0.93 7,492

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 127 15 $1,749 95% 31% $1.92 3,362

Gas Hotel Motel Space Heat

Furnace

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 31 25 $74,129 10% 50% $673.02 128

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 967 10 $8,285 1.8% 95% $0.45 432

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 35 7 $401 95% 80% $1.31 733

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 319 10 $4,861 55% 80% $2.61 3,761

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 2 12 $101 24% 25% $6.34 3

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-130
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 56 12 $852 95% 95% $-9.63 1,371

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,279 25 $11,458 5.0% 92% $1.11 1,525

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 247 9 $69 95% 75% $0.05 4,739

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 85 9 $59 95% 25% $0.04 545

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 32 4 $220 95% 93% $2.11 770

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 245 10 $1,591 95% 73% $1.02 4,573

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 490 10 $1,324 95% 35% $0.37 4,385

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 63 12 $139 75% 90% $0.34 1,070

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 159 10 $6,877 75% 85% $7.28 2,743

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 880 10 $8,285 1.8% 95% $0.59 4,563

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 35 7 $401 95% 80% $1.31 8,489

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 291 10 $4,861 55% 80% $2.86 39,643

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 2 12 $101 24% 25% $6.34 43

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 51 12 $775 95% 95% $-10.82 14,455

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,164 25 $11,458 5.0% 92% $1.21 16,080

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 224 9 $69 95% 75% $0.05 49,964

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 77 9 $59 95% 25% $0.06 5,747

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 32 4 $220 95% 93% $2.11 8,926

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 245 10 $1,591 95% 73% $1.02 52,958

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 490 10 $1,324 95% 35% $0.37 50,782

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 58 12 $139 75% 90% $0.38 11,247

Gas Hotel Motel Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 145 10 $6,877 75% 85% $8.00 28,927

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-131
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 328 15 $3,875 75% 94% $1.66 1,066,807

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 180 20 $904 10% 45% $0.62 34,811

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 411 7 $3,056 90% 80% $1.61 1,026,378

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 427 15 $47,120 15% 67% $15.49 184,610

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 493 5 $14,904 20% 28% $8.22 115,515

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 493 5 $6,024 75% 80% $3.32 906,197

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 493 10 $14,059 5.0% 94% $4.89 90,409

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 328 10 $502 10% 39% $0.26 49,342

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 366 25 $15,196 75% 4% $5.11 42,449

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 6 25 $15,196 75% 50% $296.57 9,112

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 44 25 $4,286 75% 65% $11.85 83,605

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 643 25 $8,011 35% 15% $1.53 129,001

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 119 25 $2,471 35% 15% $2.54 23,765

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,445 25 $16,510 10% 35% $1.41 190,740

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Pipe Insulation - Boiler 3" of Insulation,

assuming R-12 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 396 20 $1,802 75% 65% $0.57 717,062

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 98 15 $1,158 95% 26% $1.65 84,379

Gas Office Space Heat

Boiler

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 70%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 822 10 $32,704 25% 98% $6.82 635,641

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 488 15 $3,875 75% 94% $1.11 2,142,715

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 610 7 $3,056 90% 80% $1.08 2,162,482

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 635 15 $47,120 15% 67% $10.43 371,716

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 732 5 $14,904 20% 28% $5.53 232,591

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-132
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 732 5 $6,024 75% 80% $2.24 1,824,642

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 122 18 $6,199 45% 45% $6.58 130,721

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 732 10 $14,059 5.0% 94% $3.29 181,119

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 488 10 $502 10% 39% $0.18 98,849

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 544 25 $15,196 75% 4% $3.44 85,040

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 9 25 $15,196 75% 50% $199.62 18,255

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 66 25 $4,286 75% 65% $7.97 167,488

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 205 25 $2,998 10% 15% $1.80 15,838

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 956 25 $8,011 35% 15% $1.03 258,269

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 178 25 $2,471 35% 15% $1.71 47,579

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,447 25 $16,510 10% 35% $0.59 612,927

Gas Office Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 146 15 $1,158 95% 26% $1.11 177,778

Gas Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 31 10 $4,305 55% 80% $23.08 5,568

Gas Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $66 8.1% 25% $6.09 12

Gas Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 127 25 $2,083 5.0% 92% $2.01 2,277

Gas Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 24 9 $6 95% 75% $-0.27 6,968

Gas Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 8 9 $4 95% 25% $-0.93 801

Gas Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 1 10 $13 95% 73% $-9.03 340

Gas Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 2 10 $12 95% 35% $-10.10 326

Gas Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 6 12 $24 75% 30% $0.61 549

Gas Office Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 15 10 $609 75% 85% $5.43 4,034

Gas Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 29 10 $4,305 55% 80% $25.35 58,710

Gas Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $66 8.1% 25% $6.09 141

Gas Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 116 25 $2,083 5.0% 92% $2.21 24,011

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-133
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 22 9 $6 95% 75% $-0.30 73,463

Gas Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 7 9 $4 95% 25% $-0.89 8,450

Gas Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 1 10 $13 95% 73% $-9.03 3,941

Gas Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 2 10 $12 95% 35% $-10.10 3,779

Gas Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 5 12 $24 75% 30% $0.67 5,790

Gas Office Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 14 10 $609 75% 85% $6.10 42,531

Gas Other Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler

(34% Efficient)

Standard Broiler (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 8 10 $2 95% 75% $0.05 55,971

Gas Other Cooking Fryers - Commercial

Gas Cooking

Energy Star

Commercial Fryer

(50% efficient)

Non-Energy Star Fryer

(35% efficient)

Per Building Existing 0.19 8 $14 20% 35% $14.70 118

Gas Other Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle

(40% Efficient)

Standard Griddle (32%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 2 12 $39 20% 35% $2.94 53

Gas Other Cooking High Efficiency

Convection Oven

Convection Oven Standard Oven Per Building Existing 5 12 $27 85% 85% $0.78 35,158

Gas Other Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model

(23% Efficient)

Standard Model (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 50 10 $34 5.0% 85% $0.12 18,765

Gas Other Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner

Oven - Improved

Atmospheric Burner

(60% Efficient)

Standard (40%-50%

Efficiency)

Per Building Existing 18 12 $65 5.0% 90% $0.57 7,140

Gas Other Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 23 12 $44 5.0% 35% $0.30 6,757

Gas Other Pool Heat RE - Installation of

Solar Pool/Spa

Heating Systems

Solar Pool/Spa

Heating Systems

No Solar Pool Heating

System

Per Building Existing 197 12 $9,119 5.0% 90% $7.26 20,653

Gas Other Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa

Covers

Automatic Plastic Or

Foam Pool Covers

(50-65% Energy

Savings)

No Pool Covers Per Building Existing 784 10 $6,292 95% 35% $1.37 605,640

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 168 15 $3,000 50% 94% $2.51 325,115

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 92 20 $700 10% 90% $0.94 32,631

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 210 7 $2,366 90% 80% $2.44 446,510

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 218 15 $36,479 15% 67% $23.43 85,983

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 252 5 $11,538 10% 66% $12.43 63,622

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 252 5 $4,663 50% 80% $5.03 307,680

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 252 10 $10,883 5.0% 94% $7.39 43,021

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 75 10 $5,450 5.0% 85% $12.33 11,588

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-134
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 110 10 $172 10% 39% $0.27 15,325

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 236 25 $17,522 75% 30% $9.14 190,766

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 3 25 $17,522 75% 70% $556.89 7,072

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 28 25 $4,943 75% 85% $21.18 63,619

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 556 25 $9,238 35% 50% $2.05 334,164

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 71 25 $2,849 35% 50% $4.93 40,325

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 735 25 $8,620 10% 35% $1.45 82,494

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Pipe Insulation - Boiler 3" of Insulation,

assuming R-12 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 202 20 $1,586 75% 65% $0.97 312,185

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 50 15 $778 95% 28% $2.17 40,531

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 70%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 420 10 $25,319 25% 98% $10.31 276,526

Gas Other Space Heat

Boiler

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 12 25 $32,054 10% 70% $313.46 2,223

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 250 15 $3,000 50% 94% $1.69 1,006,165

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 312 7 $2,366 90% 80% $1.64 1,459,463

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 325 15 $36,479 15% 67% $15.77 268,442

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 375 5 $11,538 10% 66% $8.37 197,868

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 375 5 $4,663 50% 80% $3.38 956,894

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 62 18 $4,799 45% 45% $9.95 96,078

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 375 10 $10,883 5.0% 94% $4.97 133,120

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 112 10 $5,450 5.0% 85% $8.30 35,857

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 163 10 $172 10% 39% $0.18 47,422

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 351 25 $17,522 75% 30% $6.15 590,285

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 5 25 $17,522 75% 70% $374.84 21,885

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 42 25 $4,943 75% 85% $14.26 196,857

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-135
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 105 25 $2,320 10% 15% $2.73 11,249

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 827 25 $9,238 35% 50% $1.38 1,033,348

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 105 25 $2,849 35% 50% $3.32 124,700

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,450 25 $8,620 10% 35% $0.73 338,868

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 75 15 $778 95% 28% $1.46 132,479

Gas Other Space Heat

Furnace

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 18 25 $32,054 10% 70% $210.99 7,742

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 66 10 $8,285 0.3% 95% $20.28 68

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 1 7 $14 95% 80% $-10.25 422

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 22 10 $3,333 75% 94% $25.92 6,738

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $45 5.4% 25% $6.08 6

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 1 12 $19 95% 95% $-535.99 494

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 88 25 $2,292 5.0% 92% $3.21 1,692

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 17 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.52 5,275

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 5 9 $3 95% 25% $-1.16 606

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 19 4 $130 95% 93% $2.09 7,323

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 0.96 10 $10 95% 73% $-12.35 289

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 1 10 $9 95% 35% $-13.00 277

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 4 12 $28 75% 90% $1.03 1,174

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 11 10 $471 75% 95% $5.94 3,413

Gas Other Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 0.49 10 $10,920 75% 100% $3,797.33 142

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 60 10 $8,285 0.3% 95% $22.37 725

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-136
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 1 7 $14 95% 80% $-10.25 4,896

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 20 10 $3,333 75% 94% $28.47 71,024

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $45 5.4% 25% $6.08 69

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 1 12 $17 95% 95% $-588.83 5,215

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 80 25 $2,292 5.0% 92% $3.52 17,835

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 15 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.48 55,621

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 5 9 $3 95% 25% $-1.14 6,398

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 19 4 $130 95% 93% $2.09 84,796

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 0.96 10 $10 95% 73% $-12.35 3,350

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 1 10 $9 95% 35% $-13.00 3,213

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 4 12 $28 75% 90% $1.13 12,328

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 10 10 $471 75% 95% $6.60 35,990

Gas Other Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Water Cooled

Refrigeration with Heat

Recovery

Heat Recovery from

refrigeration system.

Applied to Water

Heating Electric End

use

No heat recovery Per Building Existing 0.44 10 $10,920 75% 100% $4,170.53 1,490

Gas Restaurant Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler

(34% Efficient)

Standard Broiler (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 104 10 $79 95% 75% $0.13 267,388

Gas Restaurant Cooking Fryers - Commercial

Gas Cooking

Energy Star

Commercial Fryer

(50% efficient)

Non-Energy Star Fryer

(35% efficient)

Per Building Existing 69 8 $419 65% 35% $1.20 56,481

Gas Restaurant Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle

(40% Efficient)

Standard Griddle (32%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 30 12 $582 75% 35% $3.00 28,791

Gas Restaurant Cooking High Efficiency

Convection Oven

Convection Oven Standard Oven Per Building Existing 64 12 $400 85% 85% $0.97 167,961

Gas Restaurant Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model

(23% Efficient)

Standard Model (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 589 10 $1,069 35% 85% $0.31 627,543

Gas Restaurant Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner

Oven - Improved

Atmospheric Burner

(60% Efficient)

Standard (40%-50%

Efficiency)

Per Building Existing 211 12 $2,022 45% 80% $1.50 272,902

Gas Restaurant Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 560 12 $1,091 20% 35% $0.31 267,028

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 27 7 $690 90% 80% $5.49 49,883

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 32 5 $3,365 10% 100% $28.05 11,922

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-137
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 32 5 $1,360 50% 80% $11.34 37,579

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 5 18 $1,399 45% 45% $33.37 3,773

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 32 10 $6,019 5.0% 94% $31.61 5,227

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 9 10 $5,449 100% 85% $95.41 28,164

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 21 10 $142 10% 39% $1.13 2,744

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 36 25 $4,929 75% 85% $16.57 75,832

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 0.49 25 $4,929 75% 83% $1,230.50 890

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 4 25 $1,390 75% 98% $38.42 9,482

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 9 25 $677 10% 15% $9.14 390

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 48 25 $2,598 35% 90% $6.55 43,822

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 9 25 $801 35% 90% $10.87 7,579

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 99 25 $4,526 10% 35% $5.59 9,110

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 6 15 $807 95% 25% $17.38 4,052

Gas Restaurant Space Heat

Furnace

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1 25 $26,631 10% 80% $2,014.59 302

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 88 10 $972 75% 94% $1.88 7,721

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $46 46% 25% $5.80 15

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 173 12 $2,624 95% 95% $-1.53 19,385

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 354 25 $1,874 5.0% 92% $0.65 1,765

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 68 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.79 6,030

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 23 9 $3 95% 25% $-1.56 693

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 36 4 $246 95% 46% $1.42 1,979

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 17 12 $25 75% 90% $0.23 1,265

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 44 10 $392 75% 75% $-0.19 3,080

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-138
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 80 10 $972 75% 94% $2.07 81,409

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 1 12 $46 46% 25% $5.80 174

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 158 12 $2,390 95% 95% $-1.91 204,378

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 322 25 $1,874 5.0% 92% $0.72 18,618

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 62 9 $4 95% 75% $-0.78 63,576

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 21 9 $3 95% 25% $-1.56 7,313

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 36 4 $246 95% 46% $1.42 22,916

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 16 12 $25 75% 90% $0.25 13,330

Gas Restaurant Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 40 10 $392 75% 75% $-0.04 32,477

Gas School Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler

(34% Efficient)

Standard Broiler (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 21 10 $0.00 95% 75% $0.00 11,562

Gas School Cooking Fryers - Commercial

Gas Cooking

Energy Star

Commercial Fryer

(50% efficient)

Non-Energy Star Fryer

(35% efficient)

Per Building Existing 0.21 8 $5 45% 35% $4.87 25

Gas School Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle

(40% Efficient)

Standard Griddle (32%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 0.71 12 $16 65% 35% $3.54 2

Gas School Cooking High Efficiency

Convection Oven

Convection Oven Standard Oven Per Building Existing 13 12 $5 85% 40% $0.06 3,417

Gas School Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model

(23% Efficient)

Standard Model (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 122 10 $16 5.0% 85% $0.02 3,876

Gas School Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner

Oven - Improved

Atmospheric Burner

(60% Efficient)

Standard (40%-50%

Efficiency)

Per Building Existing 43 12 $32 25% 90% $0.12 7,375

Gas School Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 13 12 $26 5.0% 35% $0.32 325

Gas School Pool Heat RE - Installation of

Solar Pool/Spa

Heating Systems

Solar Pool/Spa

Heating Systems

No Solar Pool Heating

System

Per Building Existing 851 12 $9,118 5.0% 90% $1.69 8,128

Gas School Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa

Covers

Automatic Plastic Or

Foam Pool Covers

(50-65% Energy

Savings)

No Pool Covers Per Building Existing 3,379 10 $6,291 95% 35% $0.32 238,353

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 598 15 $13,377 25% 94% $3.14 153,825

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 328 20 $3,121 10% 65% $1.18 22,851

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 747 7 $10,545 90% 80% $3.05 436,755

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 777 15 $62,639 15% 67% $29.39 83,486

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-139
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 897 5 $51,438 10% 34% $15.60 32,348

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 897 5 $20,795 50% 80% $6.30 300,156

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 897 10 $48,525 5.0% 94% $9.27 41,969

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 269 10 $5,454 73% 85% $3.47 164,443

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 598 10 $1,410 10% 39% $0.40 22,268

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,355 25 $83,170 75% 15% $7.57 145,906

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 7 25 $83,170 75% 70% $1,307.59 3,841

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 120 25 $23,466 75% 85% $23.94 71,829

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,392 25 $43,848 35% 35% $3.89 156,874

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 259 25 $13,532 35% 35% $6.44 28,368

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 4,220 25 $20,366 10% 35% $0.60 131,326

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Pipe Insulation - Boiler 3" of Insulation,

assuming R-12 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 720 20 $3,352 75% 65% $0.58 304,685

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 179 15 $734 95% 21% $0.58 28,745

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 70%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,495 10 $12,885 25% 98% $12.94 270,485

Gas School Space Heat

Boiler

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 77 25 $63,000 10% 60% $418.94 3,220

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 888 15 $13,377 25% 94% $2.12 64,312

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 1,110 7 $10,545 90% 80% $2.06 195,215

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 1,155 15 $62,639 15% 67% $19.78 35,162

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,332 5 $51,438 10% 34% $10.50 13,572

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,332 5 $20,795 50% 80% $4.24 125,934

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 222 18 $21,401 45% 45% $12.49 12,644

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,332 10 $48,525 5.0% 94% $6.24 17,519

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-140
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 399 10 $5,454 73% 85% $2.34 68,645

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 888 10 $1,410 10% 39% $0.27 9,295

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,013 25 $83,170 75% 15% $5.10 60,907

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 11 25 $83,170 75% 70% $880.16 1,603

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 179 25 $23,466 75% 85% $16.12 29,984

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 373 25 $10,352 10% 15% $3.42 1,447

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,068 25 $43,848 35% 35% $2.62 65,444

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 384 25 $13,532 35% 35% $4.34 11,834

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 4,174 25 $20,366 10% 35% $0.60 36,471

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 266 15 $734 95% 21% $0.39 12,848

Gas School Space Heat

Furnace

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 115 25 $63,000 10% 60% $281.99 1,533

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 548 10 $8,281 1.8% 95% $1.57 497

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 9 7 $107 95% 80% $-1.66 397

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 181 10 $14,862 55% 94% $14.05 5,093

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 0.96 12 $42 35% 25% $7.00 4

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 19 12 $300 95% 95% $-31.95 974

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 725 25 $7,916 5.0% 92% $1.35 1,757

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 140 9 $21 95% 75% $0.00 5,449

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 48 9 $16 95% 25% $-0.22 626

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 36 4 $246 95% 65% $2.14 1,223

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 30 10 $348 95% 73% $1.48 1,157

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 61 10 $289 95% 35% $0.40 1,110

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 36 12 $96 75% 70% $0.42 977

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-141
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas School Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 90 10 $2,102 75% 75% $3.66 2,783

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 499 10 $8,281 1.8% 95% $1.83 5,247

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 9 7 $107 95% 80% $-1.66 4,606

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 165 10 $14,862 55% 94% $15.43 53,693

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 0.96 12 $42 35% 25% $7.00 53

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 17 12 $273 95% 95% $-35.33 10,269

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 660 25 $7,916 5.0% 92% $1.48 18,521

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 127 9 $21 95% 75% $0.00 57,451

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 44 9 $16 95% 25% $-0.24 6,608

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 36 4 $246 95% 65% $2.14 14,165

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 30 10 $348 95% 73% $1.48 13,403

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 61 10 $289 95% 35% $0.40 12,852

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 33 12 $96 75% 70% $0.46 10,295

Gas School Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 82 10 $2,102 75% 75% $4.06 29,348

Gas University Cooking Broiler High-Efficiency Broiler

(34% Efficient)

Standard Broiler (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 51 10 $0.00 95% 75% $0.00 16,625

Gas University Cooking Fryers - Commercial

Gas Cooking

Energy Star

Commercial Fryer

(50% efficient)

Non-Energy Star Fryer

(35% efficient)

Per Building Existing 0.97 8 $11 45% 35% $2.28 70

Gas University Cooking Griddle High-Efficiency Griddle

(40% Efficient)

Standard Griddle (32%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 1 12 $28 65% 35% $3.24 6

Gas University Cooking High Efficiency

Convection Oven

Convection Oven Standard Oven Per Building Existing 31 12 $16 85% 40% $0.08 4,914

Gas University Cooking Oven - Conveyor High-Efficiency Model

(23% Efficient)

Standard Model (15%

Efficient)

Per Building Existing 286 10 $28 5.0% 85% $0.02 5,573

Gas University Cooking Oven - Power Burner Power Burner

Oven - Improved

Atmospheric Burner

(60% Efficient)

Standard (40%-50%

Efficiency)

Per Building Existing 103 12 $61 25% 90% $0.09 10,604

Gas University Cooking Steam Cooker ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Non ENERGY STAR

Steam Cooker

Per Building Existing 24 12 $44 5.0% 35% $0.28 380

Gas University Pool Heat RE - Installation of

Solar Pool/Spa

Heating Systems

Solar Pool/Spa

Heating Systems

No Solar Pool Heating

System

Per Building Existing 851 12 $9,123 50% 90% $1.69 49,800

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-142
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas University Pool Heat Swimming Pool/Spa

Covers

Automatic Plastic Or

Foam Pool Covers

(50-65% Energy

Savings)

No Pool Covers Per Building Existing 3,379 10 $6,295 95% 35% $0.32 146,037

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,252 15 $13,996 25% 94% $1.57 197,303

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 688 20 $3,271 10% 90% $0.59 40,583

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 1,565 7 $11,040 90% 80% $1.53 571,108

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 1,627 15 $70,238 15% 67% $14.70 106,935

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,878 5 $53,845 10% 34% $7.80 41,302

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,878 5 $21,765 50% 80% $3.15 384,469

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,878 10 $50,793 5.0% 94% $4.63 53,758

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 563 10 $5,452 73% 85% $1.66 210,634

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,252 10 $1,472 10% 39% $0.20 28,523

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,956 25 $38,808 75% 13% $1.62 168,760

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 11 25 $38,808 75% 70% $434.45 3,309

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 263 25 $10,944 75% 85% $5.12 96,126

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,103 25 $20,461 35% 35% $1.20 145,393

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 391 25 $6,306 35% 35% $1.99 26,506

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 5,744 25 $21,315 10% 35% $0.46 110,659

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Pipe Insulation - Boiler 3" of Insulation,

assuming R-12 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 1,509 20 $3,428 75% 65% $0.28 398,410

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 375 15 $1,641 95% 21% $0.61 37,587

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 70%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 3,130 10 $18,163 25% 98% $6.47 353,690

Gas University Space Heat

Boiler

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 162 25 $75,287 10% 60% $209.47 4,210

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Automated Ventilation

VFD Control

(Occupancy

Sensors / CO2

Sensors)

Demand Controlled

Ventilation (CO2

sensors)

Constant Ventilation Per Building Existing 1,860 15 $13,996 25% 94% $1.06 82,491

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-143
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 2,325 7 $11,040 90% 80% $1.03 253,652

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Convert Constant

Volume Air System to

VAV

Variable Volume Air

System

Constant Volume Air

System

Per Building Existing 2,418 15 $70,238 15% 67% $9.89 45,102

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,790 5 $53,845 10% 34% $5.25 17,353

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 2,790 5 $21,765 50% 80% $2.12 161,536

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 465 18 $22,400 45% 45% $6.24 16,219

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 2,790 10 $50,793 5.0% 94% $3.12 22,472

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Hood

Makeup Air

Provide Makeup Air

Directly at Exhaust

Hood Instead of

Pulling Conditioned Air

Hood Pulls

Conditioned Air (No

Make-up Air)

Per Building Existing 837 10 $5,452 73% 85% $1.12 88,051

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 1,860 10 $1,472 10% 39% $0.14 11,923

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-7 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 4,391 25 $38,808 75% 13% $1.09 70,546

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 16 25 $38,808 75% 70% $292.43 1,383

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 391 25 $10,944 75% 85% $3.45 40,183

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 781 25 $10,832 10% 15% $1.71 1,860

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-11 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 3,125 25 $20,461 35% 35% $0.81 60,740

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 581 25 $6,306 35% 35% $1.34 11,073

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 8,178 25 $21,315 10% 35% $0.32 44,304

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 558 15 $1,641 95% 21% $0.41 16,694

Gas University Space Heat

Furnace

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.67 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 240 25 $75,287 10% 60% $140.99 1,992

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 973 10 $8,280 1.8% 95% $0.44 541

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 10 7 $118 95% 80% $-1.25 255

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 321 10 $15,559 55% 94% $8.28 5,546

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 2 12 $89 35% 25% $6.54 6

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-144
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 33 12 $505 95% 95% $-17.82 1,012

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,287 25 $8,330 5.0% 92% $0.80 1,913

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 248 9 $22 95% 75% $-0.01 5,928

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 85 9 $16 95% 25% $-0.25 681

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 36 4 $247 95% 65% $2.14 749

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 32 10 $365 95% 73% $1.48 742

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 64 10 $303 95% 35% $0.40 711

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 64 12 $101 75% 70% $0.25 1,070

Gas University Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 160 10 $2,203 75% 75% $2.04 3,028

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes

Washer - Ozonating

Ozonating Clothes

Washer

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 886 10 $8,280 1.8% 95% $0.58 5,709

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Clothes Washer

Commercial

ENERGY STAR

Commercial Clothes

Washer - MEF = 2.43,

WF = 4.0

2013 Federal Standard

Clothes

Washer - MEF = 1.6,

WF = 8.5

Per Building Existing 10 7 $118 95% 80% $-1.25 2,954

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 293 10 $15,559 55% 94% $9.10 58,470

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 2 12 $89 35% 25% $6.54 73

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwashing -

Commercial - Low

Temp

Low-Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher (Includes

Extra Chemical

Cost) - (ENERGY

STAR)

Standard High Temp

Commercial

Dishwasher

Per Building Existing 30 12 $460 95% 95% $-19.81 10,674

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 1,172 25 $8,330 5.0% 92% $0.88 20,173

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 226 9 $22 95% 75% $-0.01 62,505

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 78 9 $16 95% 25% $-0.23 7,190

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Pre-Rinse

Spray Valves

0.6 GPM 1.6 GPM (Federal

Standard)

Per Building Existing 36 4 $247 95% 65% $2.14 8,679

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

1.5 GPM 2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 32 10 $365 95% 73% $1.48 8,596

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow

Showerheads

2.5 GPM (Federal

Code)

4.5 GPM Per Building Existing 64 10 $303 95% 35% $0.40 8,242

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 58 12 $101 75% 70% $0.27 11,279

Gas University Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 146 10 $2,203 75% 75% $2.27 31,929

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-145
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Boiler Economizer Economizer No Economizer Per Building Existing 275 20 $3,533 10% 90% $1.60 857

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 625 7 $11,924 90% 80% $4.13 11,635

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 750 5 $58,171 20% 93% $21.08 4,819

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 750 5 $23,516 75% 98% $8.52 13,543

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 750 10 $54,874 5.0% 94% $12.53 1,085

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 156 10 $429 10% 39% $0.47 184

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 792 25 $94,937 75% 10% $14.77 1,813

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 7 25 $94,937 75% 70% $1,504.69 123

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 70 25 $26,789 75% 85% $46.73 1,357

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,698 25 $50,058 35% 45% $3.64 7,983

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 217 25 $15,445 35% 45% $8.76 967

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,200 25 $44,782 10% 35% $2.51 2,161

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Pipe Insulation - Boiler 3" of Insulation,

assuming R-12 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 603 20 $3,563 75% 65% $0.74 8,124

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 150 15 $726 95% 24% $0.68 879

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Sensible And Total

Heat Recovery

Devices

Install Heat Recovery

Devices - rotary

air-to-air enthalpy heat

recovery- 70%

sensible and latent

recovery effectiveness

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,251 10 $27,656 25% 98% $17.48 7,206

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Boiler

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 37 25 $79,510 10% 98% $261.44 81

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Commissioning of

Existing Buildings

Existing Building

Commissioning

Average Existing

Conditions

Per Building Existing 929 7 $11,924 90% 80% $2.78 970,945

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Installation

DDC Retrofit (Morning

Warm-Up Control

Logic Included in This

Measure)

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,115 5 $58,171 20% 93% $14.19 377,949

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Direct Digital Control

System-Wireless

System

DDC

Retrofit - Wireless

System

Pneumatic Per Building Existing 1,115 5 $23,516 75% 80% $5.74 867,019

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Duct Repair And

Sealing

Reduction In Duct

Losses to 5%

No Repair or Sealing,

15% duct losses

Per Building Existing 185 18 $24,200 45% 45% $16.88 62,115

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Exhaust Air to

Ventilation Air Heat

Recovery

Exhaust Air Heat

Recovery

No Heat Recovery Per Building Existing 1,115 10 $54,874 5.0% 94% $8.43 86,062

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Infiltration Reduction Install Caulking And

Weatherstripping

(ACH 0.65)

Infiltration Conditions

(ACH 1.0)

Per Building Existing 232 10 $429 10% 39% $0.32 14,665

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 1,177 25 $94,937 75% 10% $9.95 143,792

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-38 c.i. R-30 c.i. (WA State

Code)

Per Building Existing 11 25 $94,937 75% 70% $1,012.82 9,766

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-146
Table B-2.2. Commercial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Ceiling R-49 c.i. R-38 c.i. Per Building Existing 105 25 $26,789 75% 85% $31.46 107,652

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Duct R-7 (WA State Code) No Insulation Per Building Existing 312 25 $11,700 10% 15% $4.62 7,462

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-30 (WA State Code) R-8 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 2,522 25 $50,058 35% 45% $2.45 632,562

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Floor

(non-slab)

R-38 R-30 (WA State Code) Per Building Existing 323 25 $15,445 35% 45% $5.90 76,697

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Insulation - Wall R-16 R-3 (Average Existing

Conditions)

Per Building Existing 5,101 25 $44,782 10% 35% $1.08 267,208

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

Programmable

Thermostat - Web

Enabled

No Programmable

Thermostat

Per Building Existing 223 15 $726 95% 24% $0.46 73,364

Gas Warehouse Space Heat

Furnace

Windows-High

Efficiency

U-0.40 (WA State

Code)

U-0.65 (Average

Existing Conditions)

Per Building Existing 55 25 $79,510 10% 98% $175.98 7,210

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 69 10 $16,807 55% 94% $41.67 1,009

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 0.95 12 $42 2.7% 25% $6.97 0.18

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 276 25 $1,458 5.0% 92% $0.65 349

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 53 9 $6 95% 75% $-0.55 1,074

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 18 9 $6 95% 25% $-1.17 123

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 13 12 $24 75% 90% $0.28 253

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

GT 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 34 10 $471 75% 95% $0.92 695

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems

Demand Controlled

Circulating Systems 

(VFD control by

demand)

Constant Circulation Per Building Existing 62 10 $16,807 55% 94% $45.76 10,640

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Dishwasher

Residential

RTF ENERGY STAR

Dishwasher - 277

kWh/yr and 4.25

gal/cycle

RTF Market Standard

2014

Dishwasher - 289

kWh/yr and 5.0

gal/cycle

Per Building Existing 0.95 12 $42 2.7% 25% $6.97 2

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Drainwater Heat

Recovery Water

Heater

Install (Power-Pipe or

GFX) - Heat Recovery

Water Heater

No Heat Recovery

System

Per Building Existing 251 25 $1,458 5.0% 92% $0.71 3,689

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

0.5 GPM 2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

Per Building Existing 48 9 $6 95% 75% $-0.52 11,331

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Low-Flow Faucet

Aerators

2.2 GPM (Federal

Code)

3.0 GPM Per Building Existing 16 9 $6 95% 25% $-1.29 1,303

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Pipe Insulation - Hot

Water (DWH)

1.0" of Insulation,

assuming R-4 (WA

State Code)

No Insulation Per Building Existing 12 12 $24 75% 90% $0.30 2,672

Gas Warehouse Water Heat

LE 55 Gal

Ultrasonic Faucet

Control

Install Ultrasonic

Motion Faucet Control

No Faucet Control Per Building Existing 31 10 $471 75% 95% $1.14 7,332

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-147
Table B-2.3. Industrial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Chemical Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 3,797 15 $3,573 100% 100% $0.13 2,509

Gas Chemical Mfg Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 15,085 15 $3,910 10% 100% $0.04 996

Gas Chemical Mfg Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 22,018 2 $3,622 10% 100% $0.10 1,454

Gas Chemical Mfg Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 65,684 15 $4,249 10% 100% $0.01 4,339

Gas Chemical Mfg Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 33,191 15 $12,015 100% 100% $0.05 21,929

Gas Chemical Mfg Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 1,818 2 $971 100% 100% $0.31 1,201

Gas Chemical Mfg Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 45,459 15 $2,486 100% 100% $0.01 30,035

Gas Chemical Mfg Process

Other

Other O&M Per Industry Existing 9,737 2 $2,705 100% 100% $0.16 6,433

Gas Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 89,110 15 $66,217 100% 100% $0.10 58,876

Gas Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 111,856 15 $31,286 10% 100% $0.16 7,390

Gas Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 85,220 2 $11,479 10% 100% $0.08 5,630

Gas Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 6,675 15 $11,301 10% 100% $0.24 441

Gas Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 36,125 15 $13,236 100% 100% $0.05 23,868

Gas Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 6,445 2 $3,759 100% 100% $0.34 4,258

Gas Computer

Electronic

Mfg

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 14,722 15 $7,253 100% 100% $0.07 9,727

Gas Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 18,061 15 $10,885 100% 100% $0.08 11,933

Gas Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 18,262 15 $20,671 10% 100% $0.16 1,206

Gas Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 19,606 2 $4,456 10% 100% $0.13 1,295

Gas Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 35,028 15 $18,547 10% 100% $0.07 2,314

Gas Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 82,015 15 $46,125 100% 100% $0.08 54,189

Gas Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 12,031 2 $5,171 100% 100% $0.25 7,949

Gas Electrical

Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 30,008 15 $10,151 100% 100% $0.05 19,827

Gas Fabricated

Metal

Products

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 81,184 15 $99,126 100% 100% $0.17 53,640

Gas Fabricated

Metal

Products

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 102,488 15 $60,681 10% 100% $0.22 6,771

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-148
Table B-2.3. Industrial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Fabricated

Metal

Products

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 70,142 2 $7,855 10% 100% $0.06 4,634

Gas Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 147,093 15 $69,692 10% 100% $0.07 9,718

Gas Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 168,469 15 $53,290 100% 100% $0.13 111,310

Gas Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 86,814 2 $41,401 100% 100% $0.28 57,359

Gas Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 127,716 15 $83,002 100% 100% $0.09 84,384

Gas Fabricated

Metal

Products

Process

Other

Other O&M Per Industry Existing 2,047 2 $1,004 100% 100% $0.28 1,352

Gas Food Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 37,476 15 $21,912 100% 100% $0.08 24,761

Gas Food Mfg Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 129,755 15 $6,101 10% 100% $0.11 8,573

Gas Food Mfg Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 89,780 2 $32,195 10% 100% $0.21 5,931

Gas Food Mfg Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 91,138 15 $28,936 10% 100% $0.04 6,021

Gas Food Mfg Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 165,822 15 $83,690 100% 100% $0.07 109,561

Gas Food Mfg Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 45,395 2 $15,806 100% 100% $0.20 29,993

Gas Food Mfg Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 66,880 15 $30,778 100% 100% $0.06 44,189

Gas Food Mfg Process

Other

Other O&M Per Industry Existing 39,071 2 $5,399 100% 100% $0.08 25,815

Gas Industrial

Machinery

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 201,880 15 $65,723 100% 100% $0.12 133,385

Gas Industrial

Machinery

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 176,604 15 $82,255 10% 100% $0.15 11,668

Gas Industrial

Machinery

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 141,433 2 $24,383 10% 100% $0.10 9,344

Gas Industrial

Machinery

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 23,420 15 $25,589 10% 100% $0.15 1,547

Gas Industrial

Machinery

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 148,898 15 $75,581 100% 100% $0.07 98,380

Gas Industrial

Machinery

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 109,181 2 $62,287 100% 100% $0.33 72,137

Gas Industrial

Machinery

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 69,880 15 $25,422 100% 100% $0.05 46,170

Gas Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 710,833 15 $97,086 100% 100% $0.10 469,659

Gas Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 203,481 15 $20,217 10% 100% $0.08 13,444

Gas Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 77,690 2 $16,346 10% 100% $0.12 5,133

Gas Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 77,747 15 $81,370 10% 100% $0.15 5,136

Gas Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 144,512 15 $66,504 100% 100% $0.06 95,481

Gas Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 63,134 2 $20,954 100% 100% $0.19 41,713

Gas Miscellaneou

s Mfg

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 208,964 15 $44,592 100% 100% $0.03 138,066

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-149
Table B-2.3. Industrial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 7,450 15 $8,633 100% 100% $0.16 4,922

Gas Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 3,870 2 $259 10% 100% $0.04 255

Gas Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 307,399 15 $61,541 10% 100% $0.03 20,310

Gas Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 181,869 15 $64,101 100% 100% $0.13 120,164

Gas Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 42,841 2 $12,929 100% 100% $0.17 28,305

Gas Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 65,405 15 $26,796 100% 100% $0.06 43,214

Gas Nonmetallic

Mineral

Products

Process

Other

Other O&M Per Industry Existing 3,728 2 $7,270 100% 100% $1.13 2,463

Gas Paper Mfg Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 2,730 15 $1,808 100% 100% $0.09 1,804

Gas Paper Mfg Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 23,958 15 $11,387 10% 100% $0.07 1,582

Gas Paper Mfg Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 12,701 2 $1,545 10% 100% $0.07 839

Gas Paper Mfg Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 8,584 15 $4,161 10% 100% $0.07 567

Gas Paper Mfg Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 14,286 15 $9,695 100% 100% $0.10 9,439

Gas Paper Mfg Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 4,258 2 $1,029 100% 100% $0.14 2,813

Gas Paper Mfg Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 5,176 15 $920 100% 100% $0.03 3,420

Gas Paper Mfg Process

Other

Other O&M Per Industry Existing 4,116 2 $2,736 100% 100% $0.39 2,719

Gas Petroleum

Coal

Products

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 6,391 15 $5,864 10% 100% $0.13 422

Gas Petroleum

Coal

Products

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 4,223 2 $723 10% 100% $0.10 279

Gas Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 2,509 15 $1,925 10% 100% $0.11 165

Gas Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 6,311 15 $4,720 100% 100% $0.11 4,169

Gas Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 2,996 2 $574 100% 100% $0.11 1,979

Gas Petroleum

Coal

Products

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 3,971 15 $196 100% 100% $0.01 2,623

Gas Plastics

Rubber

Products

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 23,824 15 $15,040 100% 100% $0.09 15,740

Gas Plastics

Rubber

Products

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 74,676 15 $23,000 10% 100% $0.04 4,933

Gas Plastics

Rubber

Products

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 38,377 2 $8,558 10% 100% $0.13 2,535

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-150
Table B-2.3. Industrial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 34,121 15 $21,489 10% 100% $0.09 2,254

Gas Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 43,666 15 $27,440 100% 100% $0.09 28,851

Gas Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 28,058 2 $17,435 100% 100% $0.36 18,539

Gas Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 22,481 15 $3,563 100% 100% $0.02 14,854

Gas Plastics

Rubber

Products

Process

Other

Other O&M Per Industry Existing 10,659 2 $2,039 100% 100% $0.11 7,042

Gas Primary

Metal Mfg

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 3,109 15 $1,438 100% N/A $0.07 2,054

Gas Primary

Metal Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 5,985 15 $5,884 100% N/A $0.14 395

Gas Primary

Metal Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 4,577 2 $666 100% N/A $0.08 302

Gas Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 20,882 15 $9,058 100% N/A $0.06 1,379

Gas Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 22,433 15 $16,670 100% N/A $0.10 14,822

Gas Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 4,417 2 $2,153 100% N/A $0.28 2,918

Gas Primary

Metal Mfg

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 11,268 15 $4,368 100% N/A $0.05 7,444

Gas Printing

Related

Support

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 74,801 15 $32,897 100% 100% $0.06 49,422

Gas Printing

Related

Support

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 37,835 15 $39,451 10% 100% $0.15 2,499

Gas Printing

Related

Support

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 31,647 2 $4,098 10% 100% $0.08 2,090

Gas Printing

Related

Support

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 249,072 15 $34,756 10% 100% $0.25 16,456

Gas Printing

Related

Support

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 71,535 15 $31,754 100% 100% $0.06 47,264

Gas Printing

Related

Support

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 66,970 2 $40,303 100% 100% $0.35 44,248

Gas Printing

Related

Support

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 264,697 15 $95,820 100% 100% $0.05 174,889

Gas Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 82,262 15 $81,291 100% 100% $0.14 54,352

Gas Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 102,390 15 $1,612 10% 100% $0.14 6,765

Gas Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 33,861 2 $24,048 10% 100% $0.41 2,237

Gas Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 149,767 15 $36,812 10% 100% $0.03 9,895

Gas Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 193,985 15 $62,191 100% 100% $0.05 128,169

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-151
Table B-2.3. Industrial Gas Measure Details

Fuel Type Segment End Use Measure Name

Measure

Description

Baseline

Description

Unit

Description

Construction

Vintage

Savings

per Unit

(Therms)

Measure

Life

Incremental

Cost per

Unit

Percent of

Installations

Technically

Feasible

Percent of

Installations

Incomplete

Levelized

Cost

($

per

Therms)

2033

Cumulative

Achievable

Technical

Potential

(Therms)

Gas Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 33,989 2 $24,941 100% 100% $0.43 22,457

Gas Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 52,784 15 $37,046 100% 100% $1.16 34,875

Gas Transportatio

n Equipment

Mfg

Process

Other

Other O&M Per Industry Existing 11,762 2 $4,940 100% 100% $0.24 7,771

Gas Wood

Product Mfg

Hvac HVAC Improvements Per Industry Existing 10,872 15 $11,892 100% 100% $0.15 7,183

Gas Wood

Product Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 53,695 15 $25,645 10% 100% $0.07 3,547

Gas Wood

Product Mfg

Indirect

Boiler

Boiler O&M Per Industry Existing 15,940 2 $1,262 10% 100% $0.05 1,053

Gas Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Heat

Boiler Improvements Per Industry Existing 96,887 15 $32,951 10% 100% $0.05 6,401

Gas Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat Improvements Per Industry Existing 68,144 15 $50,400 100% 100% $0.31 45,023

Gas Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Heat

Heat O&M Per Industry Existing 49,292 2 $5,486 100% 100% $0.06 32,568

Gas Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Heat

Steam Distribution Per Industry Existing 12,473 15 $987 100% 100% $0.01 8,241

Gas Wood

Product Mfg

Process

Other

Other O&M Per Industry Existing 3,817 2 $597 100% 100% $0.09 2,522

Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Resource Potentials May 2013 The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services Appendix B.3-152
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-1

Appendix B.4: Detailed Results

The following pie charts show how achievable potential is distributed by fuel, sector, segment, and end use. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-2

Figure B.4.1 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential by Segment

Figure B.4.2 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial by Segment

Total: 240 aMW

Single Family

64%

Multifamily

23%

Manufactured

13%

Total: 258 aMW

Office

35%

Other

18%

Dry Goods Retail

12%

Grocery

8%

School

6%

Restaurant

6%

Hospital

6%

Warehouse

5%

Hotel Motel

3%

University

2%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-3

Figure B.4.3 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial by Segment

Figure B.4.4 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential by End Use

Figure B.4.5 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial by End Use

Total: 23 aMW

'

Printing Related Support: 2%, Transportation: 1%, Fabricated Metal Products: 1%, Paper: 1%, Nonmetallic Mineral Produ: <1%, Electrical Equipment Mfg: <1%, Plastics Rubber Products: <1%, Chemicals: <1%, Petroleum Coal Products: <1%, Metals: <1%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Water/Wastewater

72%

Miscellaneous Mfg

7%

Food

4%

Wood Product Mfg

3%

Computer Electronic Mfg

3%

Mach./Equip

3%

Other Segments

9%

Total: 240 aMW

'

Cooking: <1%, Ventilation And Circulation: <1%, Pool Pump: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

36%

Water Heat

23%

Appliances

16%

Lighting

6%

Lighting Interior Standard

5%

Plug Load

4%

Heat Pump

4%

Cooling

3%

Other End Uses

2%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-4

Figure B.4.6 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial by End Use

Figure B.4.7 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Single Family by End Use

Total: 258 aMW

'

Cooling DX: <1%, Lighting Interior Hid: <1%, Appliances: <1%, Cooking: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

39%

Ventilation And Circulation

13%

Heating

9%

Refrigeration

8%

Water Heat

8%

Other Office Equipment

7%

Cooling Dx

7%

Heat Pump

6%

Cooling

3%

Other End Uses

2%

Total: 23 aMW

'

Other: <1%, Process Electro Chemical: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Pumps

51%

Process

16% Fans

12%

Motors

9%

Lighting

8%

HVAC

4%

Other End Uses

<1%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-5

Figure B.4.8 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Multifamily by End Use

Figure B.4.9 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Manufactured by End Use Total: 154 aMW

'

Cooling: 4%, Ventilation And Circulation: <1%, Cooking: <1%, Pool Pump: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

23%

Water Heat

22%

Appliances

22%

Lighting

8%

Lighting Interior Standard

7%

Heat Pump

6%

Plug Load

5%

Other End Uses

7%

Total: 54 aMW

'

Appliances: 4%, Plug Load: 4%, Lighting: 3%, Lighting Interior Standard: 2%, Cooling: <1%, Cooking: <1%, Heat Pump: <1%, Ventilation And Circulation: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

62%

Water Heat

24%

Other End Uses

14%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-6

Figure B.4.11 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Grocery by End Use

Figure B.4.12 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Hospital by End Use

Total: 32 aMW

'

Plug Load: 2%, Lighting: 2%, Lighting Interior Standard: 1%, Cooling: 1%, Cooking: <1%, Ventilation And Circulation: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heating

53%

Water Heat

26%

Appliances

7%

Heat Pump

6%

Other End Uses

8%

Total: 21 aMW

'

Ventilation And Circulation: 3%, Cooling Dx: 3%, Heat Pump: 2%, Other Office Equipment: <1%, Water Heat: <1%, Cooling DX: <1%, Heating: <1%, Lighting Interior Hid: <1%, Cooking: <1%, Appliances: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Refrigeration

67%

Lighting

23%

Other End Uses

10%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-7

Figure B.4.15 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Office by End Use

Figure B.4.16 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Restaurant by End Use Total: 14 aMW

'

H eating: 4% , O ther O ffic e E quipment: 4% , Refrigeration: 4% , C ooling: 4% , H eat P ump: 2% , C ooling DX: <1% , A pplianc es : <1% , Lighting I nterior Hid: <1% , C ooking: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

34%

Ventilation And Circulation

30%

Water Heat

9%

Cooling Dx

7%

Other End Uses

20%

Total: 91 aMW

'

Cooling DX: <1%, Appliances: <1%, Lighting Interior Hid: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

33%

Heating

14%

Ventilation And Circulation

12%

Other Office Equipment

10%

Heat Pump

9%

Cooling Dx

8%

Water Heat

7%

Cooling

6%

Other End Uses

1%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-8

Figure B.4.18 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Warehouse by End Use

Figure B.4.19 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Chemicals by End Use Total: 15 aMW

'

Cooking: 4%, Heat Pump: 3%, Cooling DX: <1%, Other Office Equipment: <1%, Heating: <1%, Appliances: <1%, Lighting Interior Hid: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

29%

Water Heat

24%

Refrigeration

21%

Cooling Dx

8%

Ventilation And Circulation

8%

Other End Uses

10%

Total: 12 aMW

'

Lighting Interior Hid: 5%, Other Office Equipment: 3%, Heat Pump: 2%, Cooling Dx: 1%, Appliances: <1%, Cooling: <1%, Cooling DX: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Lighting

67%

Water Heat

9%

Ventilation And Circulation

6%

Heating

6%

Other End Uses

12%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-9

Figure B.4.22 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Food by End Use

Figure B.4.24 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Metals by End Use Total: 0 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Pumps

41%

Process

21%

Lighting

15%

Fans

14%

Motors

9%

Other End Uses

<1%

Total: 1 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Process

41%

Motors

24%

Lighting

15%

Pumps

14%

Fans

7%

Other End Uses

<1%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-10

Figure B.4.30 Electric Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Transportation by End Use

Figure B.4.32 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential by Segment Total: 0 aMW

'

Pumps: 3%, HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Process Electro Chemical

30%

Process

27%

Lighting

20%

Motors

15%

Fans

6%

Other End Uses

3%

Total: 0 aMW

'

HVAC : <1%, Other: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Process

57%

Fans

20%

Lighting

16%

Motors

7%

Other End Uses

1%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-11

Figure B.4.33 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial by Segment

Figure B.4.34 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial by Segment Total: 146,627,740 Therms

'

Multifamily: 1%, Manufactured: <1%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Single Family

99%

Other Segments

1%

Total: 81,407,438 Therms Office

24%

Other

17%

Hospital

14%

Dry Goods Retail

11%

University

9%

School

8%

Restaurant

6%

Warehouse

5%

Hotel Motel

3%

Grocery

3%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-12

Figure B.4.35 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential by End Use

Figure B.4.36 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial by End Use Total: 3,089,576 Therms

'

Metals: <1%, Paper: <1%, Petroleum Coal Products: <1%

Note: 'Other Segments' includes:

Miscellaneous Mfg

25%

Mach./Equip

12%

Printing Related Support

11%

Fabricated Metal Products

11%

Transportation

9%

Food

8%

Nonmetallic Mineral Produ

7%

Computer Electronic Mfg

4%

Wood Product Mfg

3%

Electrical Equipment Mfg

3%

Plastics Rubber Products

3%

Chemicals

2%

Other Segments

2%

Total: 146,627,740 Therms

'

Heat Central Boiler: 2%, Cooking: <1%, Appliances: <1%, Pool Heat: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heat Central Furnace

69%

Water Heat

28%

Other End Uses

3%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-13

Figure B.4.37 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial by End Use

Figure B.4.38 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Single Family by End Use Total: 81,407,438 Therms Space Heat Furnace

42%

Water Heat

28%

Space Heat Boiler

25%

Cooking

3%

Pool Heat

2%

Total: 3,089,576 Therms

Process

68%

HVAC

29%

Indirect Boiler

4%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-14

Figure B.4.39 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Multifamily by End Use

Figure B.4.40 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Residential Manufactured by End Use Total: 144,871,458 Therms

'

Heat Central Boiler: 2%, Cooking: <1%, Appliances: <1%, Pool Heat: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heat Central Furnace

69%

Water Heat

28%

Other End Uses

3%

Total: 1,653,509 Therms

'

Heat Central Boiler: 2%, Cooking: 1%, Appliances: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heat Central Furnace

69%

Water Heat

28%

Other End Uses

3%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-15

Figure B.4.42 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Grocery by End Use

Figure B.4.43 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Hospital by End Use Total: 102,773 Therms

'

Cooking: 3%, Heat Central Boiler: 2%, Appliances: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Heat Central Furnace

79%

Water Heat

16%

Other End Uses

5%

Total: 2,204,818 Therms

'

Cooking: 3%, Space Heat Boiler: <1%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Space Heat Furnace

56%

Water Heat

40%

Other End Uses

4%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-16

Figure B.4.46 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Office by End Use

Figure B.4.47 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Restaurant by End Use Total: 11,327,784 Therms

Water Heat

58%

Space Heat Furnace

24%

Space Heat Boiler

17%

Cooking

<1%

Total: 19,392,896 Therms Space Heat Furnace

51%

Space Heat Boiler

35%

Water Heat

14%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-17

Figure B.4.49 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Commercial Warehouse by End Use

Figure B.4.50 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Chemicals by End Use Total: 4,883,550 ThermsWater Heat

50%

Cooking

43%

Space Heat Furnace

7%

Total: 4,320,756 Therms

Space Heat Furnace

90%

Water Heat

9%

Space Heat Boiler

2%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-18

Figure B.4.53 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Food by End Use

Figure B.4.55 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Metals by End Use Total: 68,902 Therms

'

HVAC : 4%, Indirect Boiler: 4%

Note: 'Other End Uses' includes:

Process

93%

Other End Uses

7%

Total: 254,848 Therms

Process

85%

HVAC

10%

Indirect Boiler

6%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services B.4-19

Figure B.4.61 Gas Achievable Technical Potential: Industrial Transportation by End Use

Total: 29,318 Therms

Process

91%

HVAC

7%

Indirect Boiler

2%

Total: 266,524 Therms

Process

76%

HVAC

20%

Indirect Boiler

3%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-1

Appendix C. Technical Supplements: Fuel 

Conversion

This appendix contains technical details about the fuel conversion potentials.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-2

Table C.1 Economic Assumptions

Assumption Value

Discount Rate 8.10%

Inflation Rate 2.50%

Electric T&D Savings 0.00%

Gas T&D Savings 0.80%

Admin Adder 5.00%

Conservation Credit 10.00%

Electric: Carbon Adder 20.00%

Gas: Carbon Adder 10.00%

Main Ext - Short (ft) 50

Main Ext - Medium (ft) 300

Main Ext - Long (ft) 500

Line Cost per foot $40

In-House Extension $3,406

therms/kWh Conversion Factor 0.0341

Zone Heating Adoption 

Percentage 5%

Electric Dryer Energy Factor 2.67

Gas Dryer Energy Factor 3.01

Electric Range Energy Factor 0.068

Gas Range Energy Factor 0.112

Electric Retail Rate - Residential $0.097

Electric Retail Rate - Commercial $0.090

Gas Retail Rate - Residential $0.68

Gas Retail Rate - Commercial $0.67

Rate Escalators Yearly

Levelized Gas Avoided Cost (Dth) $9.53
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-3

Table C.2 Piping and Labor Costs

End Use Costs

Space Heating: Ducted $700

Space Heating: Baseboard $500

Zone Heating: Baseboard $500

Clothes Drying $200

Cooking $200

Water Heating $200

Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating $700

Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating $700

Commercial Space Heating $700

Commercial Space Heating, Water Heating $900

Table C.3 Total Customers in 2033

Cutstomer Type New Existing

Single Family NA 978,574

Commercial 67,432 162,651

Multifamily 123,175 NA

Table C.4 Distribution of Single-Family Home Size

Home Size % of Homes

SFam - 1800 sq ft 45%

SFam - 2100 sq ft 15%

SFam - 2400 sq ft 40%
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-4

Table C.5 Fuel Conversion Measure Assumptions for Existing Gas Customers

Sector Segment End Use Constructi

on Type Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description Measure Life

 EEM Per 

Unit Cost 

($) 

 Baseline 

Measure 

Per Unit 

Cost ($) 

 Incremental 

Per Unit 

Cost ($) 

 Per Unit 

Site 

Savings 

(kWh) 

 Annual 

Incremental 

Gas Costs 

($) 

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $2,463 $1,500 $963 12,688 $508

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $653 $1,396 8,220 $373

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $364 $3,111 4,052 $211

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $6,140 $2,005 $4,135 15,940 $580

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $2,463 $1,500 $963 14,802 $593

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $762 $1,287 9,590 $435

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $363 $3,112 4,719 $246

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $6,140 $2,005 $4,135 18,054 $676

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $2,463 $1,500 $963 16,917 $678

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $870 $1,179 10,960 $497

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $363 $3,112 5,386 $281

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $6,140 $2,005 $4,135 20,169 $773

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $653 $1,396 6,344 $288

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,634 $505 $1,128 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 3,252 $259

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $762 $1,287 7,401 $335

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,634 $505 $1,128 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 3,252 $259

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $870 $1,179 8,459 $383

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,634 $505 $1,128 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 3,252 $259

Commercial Commercial Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 94% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $3,723 $4,595 -$872 13,716 $1,025

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $3,216 $1,195 $2,021 9,736 $639

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $2,142 $1,195 $946 9,736 $782
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-5

Table C.6 Fuel Conversion Measure Assumptions for On-Main Gas Customers

Sector Segment End Use Constructi

on Type Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description Measure Life

 EEM Per 

Unit Cost 

($) 

 Baseline 

Measure 

Per Unit 

Cost ($) 

 Incremental 

Per Unit 

Cost ($) 

 Per Unit 

Site 

Savings 

(kWh) 

 Annual 

Incremental 

Gas Costs 

($) 

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $5,869 $1,500 $4,369 12,688 $508

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $653 $1,396 8,220 $373

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $364 $3,111 4,052 $211

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,546 $2,005 $7,541 15,940 $580

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $5,869 $1,500 $4,369 14,802 $593

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $762 $1,287 9,590 $435

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $363 $3,112 4,719 $246

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,546 $2,005 $7,541 18,054 $676

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $5,869 $1,500 $4,369 16,917 $678

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $870 $1,179 10,960 $497

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $363 $3,112 5,386 $281

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,546 $2,005 $7,541 20,169 $773

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $653 $1,396 6,344 $288

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $3,882 $505 $3,376 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $3,812 $505 $3,306 3,252 $259

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $762 $1,287 7,401 $335

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $3,882 $505 $3,376 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $3,812 $505 $3,306 3,252 $259

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $870 $1,179 8,459 $383

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $3,882 $505 $3,376 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $3,812 $505 $3,306 3,252 $259

Commercial Commercial Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 94% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $7,129 $4,595 $2,534 13,716 $1,025

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $6,486 $1,195 $5,290 9,736 $639

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $5,411 $1,195 $4,216 9,736 $782

Commercial Commercial Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $5,975 $1,195 $4,779 9,945 $674

Commercial Commercial Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $4,901 $1,195 $3,705 9,945 $825

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Warm-Up Heat Gas warm up heat Electric Furnace 30 $15,601 $4,595 $11,006 2,851 $971

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Furnace 94% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $5,599 $4,595 $1,004 2,851 $516

Commercial Commercial Space Heating, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Packaged Rooftop Unit, Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $8,219 $1,998 $6,221 12,546 $668

Commercial Commercial Space Heating, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Packaged Rooftop VAV w/ Electrical Resistance Reheat & Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $8,219 $2,383 $5,836 12,546 $668

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Gas PACs Gas PACs Packaged Rooftop Unit 30 $9,891 $3,585 $6,305 3,601 $248

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $5,869 $1,431 $4,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $5,669 $119 $5,550 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,546 $1,936 $7,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,346 $625 $8,721 3,418 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $5,869 $1,431 $4,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $5,669 $119 $5,550 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,546 $1,936 $7,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,346 $625 $8,721 3,418 $165

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $5,869 $1,431 $4,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $5,669 $137 $5,532 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,546 $1,936 $7,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,346 $625 $8,721 3,418 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $5,869 $1,431 $4,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $5,669 $119 $5,550 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,546 $1,936 $7,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $9,346 $625 $8,721 3,418 $165
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-6

Table C.7 Fuel Conversion Measure Assumptions for Short Main Extension Gas Customers

Sector Segment End Use Constructi

on Type Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description Measure Life

 EEM Per 

Unit Cost 

($) 

 Baseline 

Measure 

Per Unit 

Cost ($) 

 Incremental 

Per Unit 

Cost ($) 

 Per Unit 

Site 

Savings 

(kWh) 

 Annual 

Incremental 

Gas Costs 

($) 

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $7,869 $1,500 $6,369 12,688 $508

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $653 $1,396 8,220 $373

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $364 $3,111 4,052 $211

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,546 $2,005 $9,541 15,940 $580

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $7,869 $1,500 $6,369 14,802 $593

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $762 $1,287 9,590 $435

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $363 $3,112 4,719 $246

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,546 $2,005 $9,541 18,054 $676

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $7,869 $1,500 $6,369 16,917 $678

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $870 $1,179 10,960 $497

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $363 $3,112 5,386 $281

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,546 $2,005 $9,541 20,169 $773

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $653 $1,396 6,344 $288

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $5,202 $505 $4,696 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $5,132 $505 $4,626 3,252 $259

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $762 $1,287 7,401 $335

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $5,202 $505 $4,696 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $5,132 $505 $4,626 3,252 $259

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $870 $1,179 8,459 $383

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $5,202 $505 $4,696 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $5,132 $505 $4,626 3,252 $259

Commercial Commercial Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 94% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $9,129 $4,595 $4,534 13,716 $1,025

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $8,406 $1,195 $7,210 9,736 $639

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $7,331 $1,195 $6,136 9,736 $782

Commercial Commercial Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $7,595 $1,195 $6,399 9,945 $674

Commercial Commercial Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $6,521 $1,195 $5,325 9,945 $825

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Warm-Up Heat Gas warm up heat Electric Furnace 30 $17,601 $4,595 $13,006 2,851 $971

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Furnace 94% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $7,599 $4,595 $3,004 2,851 $516

Commercial Commercial Space Heating, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Packaged Rooftop Unit, Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $10,219 $1,998 $8,221 12,546 $668

Commercial Commercial Space Heating, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Packaged Rooftop VAV w/ Electrical Resistance Reheat & Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $10,219 $2,383 $7,836 12,546 $668

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Gas PACs Gas PACs Packaged Rooftop Unit 30 $11,891 $3,585 $8,305 3,601 $248

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $7,869 $1,431 $6,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $7,669 $119 $7,550 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,546 $1,936 $9,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,346 $625 $10,721 3,418 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $7,869 $1,431 $6,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $7,669 $119 $7,550 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,546 $1,936 $9,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,346 $625 $10,721 3,418 $165

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $7,869 $1,431 $6,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $7,669 $137 $7,532 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,546 $1,936 $9,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,346 $625 $10,721 3,418 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $7,869 $1,431 $6,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $7,669 $119 $7,550 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,546 $1,936 $9,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,346 $625 $10,721 3,418 $165
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-7

Table C.8 Fuel Conversion Measure Assumptions for Medium Main Extension Gas Customers

Sector Segment End Use Constructi

on Type Measure Name Measure Description Baseline Description Measure Life

 EEM Per 

Unit Cost 

($) 

 Baseline 

Measure 

Per Unit 

Cost ($) 

 Incremental 

Per Unit 

Cost ($) 

 Per Unit 

Site 

Savings 

(kWh) 

 Annual 

Incremental 

Gas Costs 

($) 

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $17,869 $1,500 $16,369 12,688 $508

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $653 $1,396 8,220 $373

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $364 $3,111 4,052 $211

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,546 $2,005 $19,541 15,940 $580

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $17,869 $1,500 $16,369 14,802 $593

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $762 $1,287 9,590 $435

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $363 $3,112 4,719 $246

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,546 $2,005 $19,541 18,054 $676

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $17,869 $1,500 $16,369 16,917 $678

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $870 $1,179 10,960 $497

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Baseboard Existing Gas Fireplace Gas Fireplace Electric Baseboard 30 $3,475 $363 $3,112 5,386 $281

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating Existing Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,546 $2,005 $19,541 20,169 $773

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $653 $1,396 6,344 $288

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,802 $505 $11,296 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 1800 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,732 $505 $11,226 3,252 $259

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $762 $1,287 7,401 $335

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,802 $505 $11,296 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 2100 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,732 $505 $11,226 3,252 $259

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Zone Heating: Baseboard Existing Wall Heater Wall Heater 84% eff Electric Baseboard 30 $2,049 $870 $1,179 8,459 $383

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Clothes Drying Existing Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $727 $486 768 $25

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Cooking Existing Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Federal Standard 2012 Cooking Oven 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,802 $505 $11,296 3,252 $212

Residential SFam - 2400 sq ft Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $11,732 $505 $11,226 3,252 $259

Commercial Commercial Space Heating: Ducted Existing Furnace 94% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $19,129 $4,595 $14,534 13,716 $1,025

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $18,006 $1,195 $16,810 9,736 $639

Commercial Commercial Water Heating Existing Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $16,931 $1,195 $15,736 9,736 $782

Commercial Commercial Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $15,695 $1,195 $14,499 9,945 $674

Commercial Commercial Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $14,621 $1,195 $13,425 9,945 $825

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Warm-Up Heat Gas warm up heat Electric Furnace 30 $27,601 $4,595 $23,006 2,851 $971

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Furnace 94% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $17,599 $4,595 $13,004 2,851 $516

Commercial Commercial Space Heating, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Packaged Rooftop Unit, Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $20,219 $1,998 $18,221 12,546 $668

Commercial Commercial Space Heating, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Packaged Rooftop VAV w/ Electrical Resistance Reheat & Electric Water Heater, 50 gal. 30 $20,219 $2,383 $17,836 12,546 $668

Commercial Commercial Space Heating New Gas PACs Gas PACs Packaged Rooftop Unit 30 $21,891 $3,585 $18,305 3,601 $248

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $17,869 $1,431 $16,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $17,669 $119 $17,550 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,546 $1,936 $19,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,346 $625 $20,721 3,418 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $17,869 $1,431 $16,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $17,669 $119 $17,550 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,546 $1,936 $19,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Renter Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,346 $625 $20,721 3,418 $165

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $17,869 $1,431 $16,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $17,669 $137 $17,532 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,546 $1,936 $19,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Mid Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,346 $625 $20,721 3,418 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted New Furnace 95% Furnace Electric Furnace 30 $17,869 $1,431 $16,438 2,303 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard New Furnace 95% Furnace Baseboard Heating 30 $17,669 $119 $17,550 1,771 $106

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Clothes Drying New Dryer Dryer - Advanced Efficiency Dryer - Federal Standard 2015 30 $1,213 $481 $732 868 $23

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Cooking New Cooking Oven Cooking Oven - High Efficiency Cooking Oven - Standard 30 $1,413 $757 $656 159 $12

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater Tankless WH Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,475 $505 $969 1,647 $104

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Water Heating New Water Heater WH (>67% EF) Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $1,564 $505 $1,058 1,647 $127

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Ducted, Water Heating New Integrated Space & Water Heat Integrated Space & Water Heat Electric Furnace, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,546 $1,936 $19,610 3,950 $165

Residential MFam Low Rise: Owner Space Heating: Baseboard, Water Heating New Boiler Boiler Baseboard Heating, Electric Water Heater, 55 gal. 30 $21,346 $625 $20,721 3,418 $165
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-8

Figure C.1 Customers Available for Fuel Conversion*
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group Inc. / Energy Services Appendix C-9

* Expected Market represents customers with electric central heating or electric water heating.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services D-1

Appendix D: Conditional Demand Modeling

A Residential Energy Study (RES) was conducted for PSE in 2010 of 5,850 residential 

customers. The 5,850 customers were distributed by electric & gas service types as follows: 

3,000 gas customers (Gas Only, and Combination Customers), 4,327 electric customers (Electric 

Only, and Combination Customers).

For the conditional demand analysis (CDA) – we received from PSE electric & gas monthly 

usage data for 2009 for all the 5,850 RES customers. The monthly usage was allocated to 

calendar months to remove the variability due to varying read cycles.

Data Preparation

The monthly usage data was merged with all the RES survey responses. Each RES ZIP code was

mapped to the nearest station. Daily 2009 temperature data were obtained for all the weather 

stations associated with the RES ZIP codes. The 11 weather stations used in the CDA estimation 

were: Bellingham, Everett, Olympia, Port Angeles, Renton, SEATAC, Seattle, Tacoma (McCord 

AFB), Toledo, Wenatchee, and Yakima. 

Heating degree days with base 65 and cooling degree days with base 65 were calculated from the 

average daily temperature data. NOAA TMY3 (1991-2005) series base 65 normal heating and 

cooling degree days were also matched in for each zipcode.

RES & Usage Data Validation 

Comparing the usage data and the RES customer responses is ideal for fixing inconsistencies in 

self-reported survey responses that could lead to unreliable conditional demand model results. 

For example, for about 19% of sites the heating system fuel could not be determined, and for 8% 

water heating fuel was not specified. By examining the usage patterns it is possible to determine 

the space heating fuel and water heating fuel. Based on the summer usages it is also possible to 

determine the water heating fuel and presence of air conditioners. In order to improve CDA 

model accuracy – monthly 2009 billing data for all the 5,850 sites with data were examined 

along with some key RES variables which were potentially important in the conditional demand 

modeling. 

Variables Used

The following variables were examined for each customer: 

Usage related

 2009 Monthly Usage

 Total number of billing days by year

 kWh per square foot for electric or therms per square foot for gas

End Use Presence

 Gas/Electric Heating

 Secondary Gas/Electric Heating
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services D-2

 Gas/Electric Water Heating

 Gas/Electrically Heated Spa

 Gas/Electric Heated Pool

 Electric/Gas Dryer (Only if home did not have gas heating/water heating)

 Electric/Gas Cooking (Only if home did not have gas heating/water heating)

 Gas Fireplace (Only if home did not have gas heating/water heating)

 Electric AC

Home characteristics & occupant related fields 

 Square footage of home

 Number of heated rooms

 Number of bathrooms

 Number of occupants

Data Validation and Cleansing

The 2009 monthly usages were plotted for each customer and compared to the associated RES 

responses. For the electric validation only the large end uses could be tested: space heating 

presence, water heating presence, air conditioning presence, pool presence, and spa presence. If 

the monthly usage was inconsistent with the RES response, the source of error was noted. Many 

of the accounts were consistent or there was insufficient evidence that the usage was inconsistent 

with the RES response. The problems and inconsistencies that were flagged include:

Billing Data

 Insufficient number of days in a year

 Extreme usage outliers from bad meter data

 Vacancies and Seasonal Usage

Survey Responses (Gas customers)

 Usage indicates gas space heating but survey response was gas space heating was not 

primary or no response

 Usage does not indicate gas heating although respondent said primary heating system was 

gas. It is possible that the respondent was using gas as backup, or using fireplaces. 

 Usage indicates gas water heating but survey response was no gas water heating or no 

response

 Usage does not indicate gas water heating although respondent said primary water 

heating system was gas. 

 Usage indicated no gas heated pool but survey response was pool was heated with gas

Survey Responses (Electric customers)

 Usage indicates electric space heating but survey response was electric space heating was 

not primary or no response
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services D-3

 Usage does not indicate electric space heating although respondent said primary heating 

system was electric. It is possible that the respondent was using electric heat as backup 

instead, or using gas fireplaces. 

 Usage indicates electric water heating but survey response was no electric water heating 

or no response

 Usage does not indicate electric water heating although respondent said primary water 

heating system was electric. 

 Usage indicates electric AC but survey response was no electric AC or no response

Accounts with bad/incomplete data were dropped. Each customer had to have at least 300 days 

of billing data to be included in the CDA analysis. Sites with extended vacancy periods were 

dropped. Sites with incorrect square footage estimates were dropped from the gas analysis –

because it was not possible to obtain or estimate the actual square footage of the home, and the 

square footage was necessary to determine the water heating usage. For the electric analysis, the 

water heating flag was interacted with the number of occupants. The number of occupants was 

seldom missing, and in these instances, the number of occupants was assigned to the most 

common response – two occupants. For the sites with inconsistent survey responses – the survey 

responses were changed to the more correct responses after usage data review.

PRISM Usage Estimation

In addition to reviewing survey and billing data, Princeton ScoreKeeping models (PRISM) were 

also estimated for each RES response.

The second step in the conditional demand screening process was to estimate PRISM models for 

each customer from the billing data. The PRISM models were only used for screening out 

unreliable responses in a systematic way. These models obtain weather normalized annual 

consumption (NAC) and also separate the total usage into the weather sensitive heating/cooling 

usages and the base load usage. The drawback of the models is that they do not necessarily 

disaggregate the individual end-uses correctly. In general the PRISM models estimate higher 

end-use UECs and when they are weighted by their associated saturations, the overall usage per 

customer is overstated due to the double counting.

For each electric customer we estimated three PRISM models: a heating and cooling, heating 

only, and cooling only model to weather-normalize raw billing data. 

PRISM Model Specification

The heating and cooling PRISM model specification used was:

it it AVGCDD it AVGHDD iit ADC      

1 2

Where for each customer ‘i’ and calendar month ‘t’:

ADCit = the average daily kWh consumption 

i = the participant intercept; represents the average daily kWh base load 

β1 = the model space heating slope (used only in the heating only, heating + 

cooling model)
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services D-4

AVGHDDit = the base 65 average daily HDDs for the specific location (used only in 

the heating only, heating + cooling model)

β2 = the model space cooling slope (used only in the cooling only, heating + 

cooling model)

AVGCDDit = the base 65 average daily CDDs for the specific location (used only in 

the cooling only, heating + cooling model)

it = the error term

From the model above, we computed the weather-normalized annual consumption (NAC) as 

follows:

i i

LRCDD iLRHDD i

i

NAC      

1 2

*365

Where for each customer ‘i’:

NACi = the normalized annual kWh consumption

i = the intercept that is the average daily or base load for each participant; 

represents the average daily base load from the model

i * 365 = the annual base load kWh usage (non-weather sensitive)

β1 = the heating slope; in effect, this is the usage per heating degree from the 

model above

LRHDDi = the annual, long-term base 65 HDDs of a typical month year (TMY3) in 

the 1991-2005 series from NOAA, based on home location

β1 * LRHDDi = the weather-normalized annual weather sensitive (heating) usage, also 

known as HEATNAC

β2 = the cooling slope; in effect, this is the usage per cooling degree from the 

model above

LRCDDi = the annual, long-term base 65 CDDs of a typical month year (TMY3) in 

the 1991-2005 series from NOAA, based on home location

β2 * LRCDDi = the weather-normalized annual weather sensitive (cooling) usage, also 

known as COOLNAC

i = the error term

For the gas customers we estimated only one model, a heating only model, to weather-normalize 

raw billing data for each customer. This model type is a special case of the electric PRISM 

models above where COOLNAC is 0.

PRISM-Based Data Screening

Based on the PRISM model runs additional screens were placed on the data to remove and reclassify inconsistent responses from the conditional demand model.
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services D-5

Electric Customers

 If the customer indicated the presence of electric space heating but the total HEATNAC 

was less than 1,000 kWh then the customer was dropped

 If the customer indicated that they had electric water heating but the total PRISM base 

load usage was less than 1,000 kWh then the customer was dropped

 If the customer indicated that they had an air conditioner but the COOLNAC was less 

than 100 kWh per year then the customer was dropped

 If a customer indicated that they did not heat with electricity but showed a HEATNAC 

over 2,000 kWh and heating usage over 30% of total usage, then the customer was 

assigned to an electric heating category

Gas Customers

 If the customer said they had gas space heating but the total HEATNAC was less than 

100 therms then the customer was dropped

 If the customer said they had gas water heating but the total PRISM base load usage was 

less than 100 therms then the customer was dropped

Data Validation Results

After all the screening and re-assignments, 14% of the gas accounts and 19% of the electric

accounts were removed due to the various data quality and data consistency screening above. 

The final CDA models only included the customers with good data. 

The following summaries show the attrition of the customers for the 2009 data.

Gas

 All gas data in 2009: n=3,000

 Bad or incomplete usage data: 198 of 3,000 (7%)

 Inconsistent Survey response: 187 of 3,000 (6%)

 Bad Square footage: 15 of 3,000 (1%)

 Vacancies: 7 of 3,000 (2%)

 Good data: 2,593 of 3,000 (86%)1

Electric

 All electric data in 2009: n=4,327

 Bad or incomplete usage data: 281 of 4,327 (6%)

 Inconsistent Survey response: 485 of 4,327 (11%)

 Vacancies: 45 of 4,327 (1%)

 Good data: 3,516 of 4,327 (81%)2

 

1 The final gas sample includes 2,368 single family, 209 multifamily/condo, and 16 manufactured homes.

2 The final electric sample includes 2,708 single family, 553 multifamily/condo, and 255 manufactured homes.
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Gas Conditional Demand Modeling Results

Single Family

The single family gas conditional demand specification was3:

For customer i and calendar month t in 2009, 

ADC_THERMS it= β1 GASFURNACEi * HDD65 it + β2 GASBOILERi * HDD65 it + β3 

GASOTHERi * HDD65 it + β4 GASFIREPLACEi * HDD65 it +β5 GASWATERHEATi * SQFTi + 

β6 GASSPAi + β7 GASPOOLi +β8 GASAUNAi + β9GASCOOK_DRYi +  it

where 

ADC_THERMSit = Average daily therms for customer i in month t

SQFTi= Heated square footage of home for customer i

HDD65it = Average daily heating degree days (base 65) for customer i in month t

GASFURNACEi= 1 if customer i has a gas furnace for space heating, 0 otherwise

GASBOILERi= 1 if customer i has a gas boiler for space heating, 0 otherwise

GASOTHERi= 1 if customer i uses non-furnace/boiler gas space heating, 0 otherwise

GASFIREPLACEi = 1 if customer i has a gas fireplace, 0 otherwise

GASWATERHEATi= 1 if customer i has gas water heating, 0 otherwise

GASSPAi = 1 if customer i has a gas heated spa, 0 otherwise

GASPOOLi = 1 if customer i has a gas heated pool, 0 otherwise

GASSAUNAi = 1 if customer i has a gas heated sauna, 0 otherwise

GASCOOK_DRYi = 1 if customer i has a gas dryer or gas cooking4, 0 otherwise

 it = Error term for customer i and month t.

The single family model results are shown in Table 1

5

:

 

3 The extreme outliers of usage in a day were 19 therms. 

4

It was not possible to disaggregate the UECs for cooking and drying separately; this is the average UEC for both 

cooking and drying. The sample sizes are very small for the manufactured home group, and 70% of the 

cooking/drying customers also had water heating so likely there is high collinearity between cooking, drying, 

and water heating and hence the individual UECs are likely biased.

5 This model has an r-square of 0.81, but this is not a reliable indicator of model fit since this model does not have 

an intercept.
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Table 1. Single Family Gas CDA Model

Variable Parameter Estimate T-value

FURNACE * HDD65 0.14186 189.64

BOILER * HDD65 0.19867 50.47

OTHER * HDD65 0.1988 27.54

FIREPLACE * HDD65 0.11728 41.49

WATERHEAT * SQFT 0.000298 45.58

SPA 0.55419 9.16

POOL 1.9149 20.76

SAUNA 2.38184 5.61

COOKING_DRYING 0.16685 9.61

Multifamily 

Due to smaller sample sizes for the individual end-uses a simpler model was used to 

disaggregate the UECs for multifamily. The CDA specification was generally similar to the 

single family specification6:

For each customer i and calendar month t in 2009, 

ADC_THERMS it= β1 GASFURNACEi * HDD65 it + β2 GASBOILERi * HDD65 it + β3 

GASOTHERi * HDD65 it + β4 GASFIREPLACEi * HDD65 it +β5 GASWATERHEATi * SQFTi + 

β9GASCOOK_DRYi +  it

where 

ADC_THERMSit = Average daily therms for customer i in month t

SQFTi= Heated square footage of home for customer i

HDD65it = Average daily heating degree days (base 65) for customer i in month t

GASFURNACEi= 1 if customer i has a gas furnace for space heating, 0 otherwise

GASBOILERi= 1 if customer i has a gas boiler for space heating, 0 otherwise

GASOTHERi= 1 if customer i uses non-furnace/boiler gas space heating, 0 otherwise

GASFIREPLACEi = 1 if customer i has a gas fireplace, 0 otherwise

GASWATERHEATi= 1 if customer i has gas water heating, 0 otherwise

GASCOOK_DRYi = 1 if customer i has a gas dryer or gas cooking7, 0 otherwise

 it = Error term for customer i and month t.

 

6 The extreme outliers of usage in a day were 8 therms. The final multifamily model removes customers with pools, 

spas, or saunas. 

7

It was not possible to disaggregate the UECs for cooking and drying separately; this is the average UEC for both 

cooking and drying. The sample sizes are very small for the manufactured home group, and 70% of the 

cooking/drying customers also had water heating so likely there is high collinearity between cooking, drying, 

and water heating and hence the individual UECs are likely biased.
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The multifamily model results are shown in Table 2.

8

Table 2. Multifamily Gas CDA Model

Variable Parameter Estimate T-value

FURNACE * HDD65 0.07589 41.86

BOILER * HDD65 0.14799 20.28

OTHER * HDD65 0.09377 10.47

FIREPLACE * HDD65 0.04258 11.28

WATERHEAT * SQFT 0.00041 18.23

COOKING_DRYING 0.20172 5.7

Manufactured Home 

Due to smaller sample sizes for the individual end-uses a simpler model was used to 

disaggregate the UECs for manufactured homes. The CDA specification was generally similar to 

the single family specification9:

For each customer i and calendar month t in 2009, 

ADC_THERMS it= β1 GASFURNACEi * HDD65 it + β4 GASFIREPLACEi * HDD65 it +β5 

GASWATERHEATi * SQFTi + β9GASCOOK_DRYi +  it

where 

ADC_THERMSit = Average daily therms for customer i in month t

SQFTi= Heated square footage of home for customer i

HDD65it = Average daily heating degree days (base 65) for customer i in month t

GASFURNACEi= 1 if customer i has a gas furnace for space heating, 0 otherwise

GASFIREPLACEi = 1 if customer i has a gas fireplace, 0 otherwise

GASWATERHEATi= 1 if customer i has gas water heating, 0 otherwise

GASCOOK_DRYi = 1 if customer i has a gas dryer or gas cooking10, 0 otherwise

 it = Error term for customer i and month t.

The manufactured home model results are shown in Table 3.

11

 

8 This model has an r-square of 0.75, but this is not a reliable indicator of model fit since this model does not have 

an intercept.

9 The extreme outliers of usage in a day were 8 therms. The final manufactured home model removes customers 

with pools, spas, or saunas. There are no boiler and other gas system customers.

10 It was not possible to disaggregate the UECs for cooking and drying separately. This UEC is the average UEC for 

both cooking and drying. In this case the UEC for cooking and drying is unusually high. The sample sizes are 

very small for the manufactured home group, and 70% of the cooking/drying customers also had water heating 

so likely there is high collinearity between cooking, drying, and water heating and hence the individual UECs 

are likely biased.

11 This model has an r-square of 0.71, but this is not a reliable indicator of model fit since this model does not have 

an intercept.
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Table 3. Manufactured Home Gas CDA Model

Variable Parameter Estimate T-value

FURNACE * HDD65 0.0812 8.66

FIREPLACE * HDD65 0.0687 3.97

WATERHEAT * SQFT 0.000384 3.27

COOKING_DRYING 0.90908 5.26

For all three models all variables are statistically significant, and have the correct signs. 

UEC and Average Use Per Customer Results

Once the conditional demand models were estimated – the average use per customer is derived 

by multiplying the coefficients by their averages. In the case of the HDD space heat interaction 

variables – TMY3 normal base 65 heating and cooling degree days were used in place of the 

actual 2009 averages.

The detailed average use per customer calculations for each end-use was calculated as follows:

ADC_THERMS it= β1 GASFURNACEi * HDD65 it + β2 GASBOILERi * HDD65 it + β3 

GASOTHERi * HDD65 it + β4 GASFIREPLACEi * HDD65 it +β5 GASWATERHEATi * SQFTi + 

β6 GASSPAi + β7 GASPOOLi + β8 GASAUNAi + β9GASCOOK_DRYi +  it

AverageUsePerCustomer_Furnace= β1*FURNACE * TMY3HDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_Boiler= β2*BOILER * TMY3HDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_Other= β3*OTHER * TMY3HDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_FIREPLACE= β4 *FIREPLACE* TMY3HDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_WATERHEAT= β5*GASWATERHEAT * TOTSQFT* 365

AverageUsePerCustomer_SPA= β6 *GASSPA_AVG* 365

AverageUsePerCustomer_POOL= β7 *GASPOOL_AVG* 365

AverageUsePerCustomer_SAUNA= β8 *GASSAUNA_AVG* 365

AverageUsePerCustomer_COOKDRY= β9 *GASCOOK_DRY_AVG * 365

UECs for end use e are obtained from the average use per customer by dividing by the end use 

saturation,

UECe= AverageUsePerCustomere / End use Saturatione
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Table 4 summarizes the average base 65 TMY3 heating degree averages for each end-use 

category. The normal TMY3 heating degree days for the final gas RES analysis sample range 

from 4,477 to 5,371 HDDs.

Table 4. Gas TMY3 HDD Normals

Single Family Single Family (No Pools) Multifamily Manufactured homes

End Use HDD HDD HDD HDD

Heat Central Furnace 4,867 4,868 4,813 5,180

Heat Central Boiler 4,626 4,613 4,477

Heat Other 4,878 4,878 4,621

Fireplace 5,045 5,041 4,591 4,776

Water heating 4,880 4,881 4,821 5,137

Spa 4,767

Pool 5,074

Sauna 5,371

Drying + Cooking 4,815 4,813 4,667 4,927

Weighted Average HDD 4,873 4,778 4,778 5,088

Table 5 summarizes the average home heated square footage and the average number of 

occupants for each end-use category. The average single family, multifamily, and manufactured 

home sizes used in the conditional demand models are 2,140, 1,330, and 1,530 square feet 

respectively. The average number of occupants range from 1.0 to 3.2.

Table 5. Gas RES Analysis Sample Characteristics

Single Family Single Family (No Pools) Multifamily Manufactured homes

End Use Sq. Ft. Occupants Sq. Ft. Occupants Sq. Ft. Occ Sq. Ft. Occupants

Heat Central Furnace 2,167 2.8 2,150 2.8 1,381 2.0 1,444 1.5

Heat Central Boiler 2,467 2.7 2,482 2.7 1,698 3.2

Heat Other 1,940 2.0 1,940 2.0 1,250 1.8

Fireplace 1,818 2.8 1,819 2.8 1,160 2.0 900 1.0

Water heating 2,197 2.8 2,185 2.8 1,379 2.0 1,435 1.9

Spa 2,625 2.6

Pool 3,285 2.4

Sauna 2,100 2.0

Drying + Cooking 2,425 2.8 2,405 2.8 1,337 2.0 1,277 1.9

Weighted Characteristics 2,155 2.8 2,140 2.8 1,330 2.0 1,530 1.8
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Table 6 summarizes the saturations and annual UECs for each end use. The furnace UECS for 

single family including pools are 690 therms, for multifamily they are 365 therms, while for 

manufactured homes they are 421 therms. The gas water heating UECs range from 201-240 

therms.

Table 6. Gas End Use UEC

Single Family Single Family (No Pools) Multifamily Manufactured homes

End Use Saturation UEC Saturation UEC Saturation UEC Saturation UEC

Heat Central Furnace 87.73% 690 87.81% 687 69.43% 365 68.75% 421

Heat Central Boiler 1.39% 919 1.71% 922 2.62% 663

Heat Other 0.46% 970 0.48% 968 1.44% 433

Fireplace 3.13% 592 3.17% 592 8.14% 195 6.25% 328

Water heating 84.00% 239 84.07% 240 76.14% 206 81.25% 201

Spa 1.90% 202

Pool 1.09% 699

Sauna 0.04% 869

Drying + Cooking 43.23% 61 42.65% 64 45.01% 74 37.50%12 332

Weighted UEC 100% 880 100% 871 100% 483 100% 598

Table 7 summarizes the average use per customer, applying the associated saturations to each 

end-use level UEC. The space heating usage ranges from 48% to 69% of the total average usage, 

while water heating usage ranges from 23% to 33% of the total average customer usage.

Table 7. Gas End Use Average Usage Per Customer

Single Family

Single Family 

(No Pools) Multifamily Manufactured homes

End Use % Use Avg. Use % Use Avg. Use % Use Avg. Use % Use Avg. Use

Heat Central Furnace 69% 606 69% 603 52% 254 48% 289

Heat Central Boiler 1% 13 2% 16 4% 17

Heat Other 1% 5 1% 5 1% 6

Fireplace 2% 19 2% 19 3% 16 3% 21

Water heating 23% 201 23% 202 33% 157 27% 164

Spa 0% 4

Pool 1% 8

Sauna 0% 0

Drying + Cooking 3% 26 3% 27 7% 33 21% 124

Weighted Use 100% 880 100% 871 100% 483 100% 598

Table 8 compares the overall gas CDA and PRISM based usages per customer to the home type 

level PSE averages for 2009. Both the CDA and PRISM averages are slightly higher than the 

PSE averages. The PRISM estimates are generally higher than the CDA estimates. The 

multifamily and manufactured home averages are higher but the sample sizes for these home 

types are very small in the RES surveys. Moreover, given that the CDA and PRISM estimates 

 

12 The manufactured home UEC for drying and cooking was unreliably high at 332 therms. This is likely due to the 

small sample sizes used in the model and the coolinearity of these end uses with water heating and space 

heating. The single family drying/cooking UECs should be used instead.
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are weather normalized, the weighted average CDA/PRISM UECs are not necessarily expected 

to match the 2009 actuals.

Table 8. Gas UEC Calibration Checking

Home Type PSE 

Customers

PSE 

Total Therms

PSE 

per customer

CDA 

per customer13

PRISM 

per customer

Raw Usage per 

customer

Single Family 593,298 518,207,037 873 902 902 922

Multifamily 50,715 22,481,243 443 483 513 556

Manufactured homes 2,167 1,108,951 512 598 681 699

All Residential 646,180 541,797,231 838 868 871 893

 

13 The 90% confidence level CDA relative precisions for single family, multifamily and manufactured homes were 

1.4%, 5.11%, and 8.55% respectively. The CDA 90% confidence intervals for single family, multifamily and 

manufactured homes are 889-914, 458-508, and 547-649, respectively. These don’t overlap with the PSE annual 

usage therms, however it is uncertain what the confidence bounds are on the PSE usage estimates since only 

average usages were provided. 
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Electric Conditional Demand Modeling Results

Single Family

The final single family electric conditional demand specification was14:

For each customer i and calendar month t in 2009, 

ADC_KWHit= α +β1CENTRAL_ACi*CDD65it+ β2HPACi*CDD65it + β3ROOMACi*CDD65it + 

β4ELECRESISTANCEi * HDD65it + β5ELECFURNACEi * HDD65it + β6ELECHPi * HDD65it + 

β7ELECOTHERi * HDD65it + β8ELECWATERHEAT * OCCTOTi + β9ELECSPAi + 

β10ELECPOOLi + β11ELECSAUNAi + β12FREEZER i +  it

where 

ADC_THERMSit = Average daily kWh for customer i in month t

HDD65it = Average daily heating degree days (base 65) for customer i in month t

CDD65it = Average daily cooling degree days (base 65) for customer i in month t

OCCTOTi= Total number of occupants in home for customer i

CENTRAL_ACi= 1 if customer i has a central air conditioner, 0 otherwise

HPACi= 1 if customer i has a heat pump air conditioner, 0 otherwise

ROOMACi= 1 if customer i has a room air conditioner, 0 otherwise

ELECRESISTANCEi= 1 if customer i uses electric resistance (baseboards/wall) space 

heating, 0 otherwise

ELECFURNACEi= 1 if customer i uses electric furnace space heating, 0 otherwise

ELECHPi= 1 if customer i uses a heat pump for space heating, 0 otherwise

ELECOTHERi= 1 if customer i uses a miscellaneous electric system for space heating, 0 

otherwise

ELECWATERHEATi= 1 if customer i has electric water heating, 0 otherwise

ELECSPAi = 1 if customer i has an electrically heated spa, 0 otherwise

ELECPOOLi = 1 if customer i has an electrically heated pool, 0 otherwise

ELECSAUNAi = 1 if customer i has an electrically heated sauna, 0 otherwise

FREEZERi = 1 if customer i has a freezer, 0 otherwise

 it = Error term for customer i and month t.

 

14 The extreme outlier of usage in a day was 321 kWh. 
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The electric single family model results are shown in Table 9.

15

Table 9. Single Family Electric CDA Model 

Variable Parameter t Value

Estimate

Intercept 22.4863 114.33

CENTRAL_AC * CDD65 3.71949 15.42

HP_AC * CDD65 2.42745 8.01

ROOM_AC * CDD65 0.35838 0.88

RESISTANCE_HEAT * HDD65 1.37428 45.55

FURNACE_HEAT * HDD65 2.03771 54.78

HEATPUMP_HEAT * HDD65 1.66435 49.4

OTHER_HEAT * HDD65 1.00463 38.32

ELECWATERHEAT * OCCTOT 3.82295 42.17

SPA 13.01244 35.37

POOL 14.72328 8.6

SAUNA 10.42366 11.98

FREEZER 6.49546 26.7

Multifamily

The final multifamily electric conditional demand specification was identical to the single family 

conditional demand specification except that it excluded customers with electrically heated spas, 

pools and saunas16:

For each customer i and month t in 2009, 

ADC_KWHit= α +β1CENTRAL_ACi*CDD65it+ β2HPACi*CDD65it + β3ROOMACi*CDD65it +

β4ELECRESISTANCEi * HDD65it + β5ELECFURNACEi * HDD65it + β6ELECHPi * HDD65it + 

β7ELECOTHERi * HDD65it +β8ELECWATERHEAT * OCCTOTi +β12FREEZER i +  it

where 

ADC_THERMSit = Average daily kWh for customer i in month t

HDD65it = Average daily heating degree days (base 65) for customer i in month t

CDD65it = Average daily cooling degree days (base 65) for customer i in month t

OCCTOTi= Total number of occupants in home for customer i

CENTRAL_ACi= 1 if customer i has a central air conditioner, 0 otherwise

HPACi= 1 if customer i has a heat pump air conditioner, 0 otherwise

ROOMACi= 1 if customer i has a room air conditioner, 0 otherwise

ELECRESISTANCEi= 1 if customer i uses electric resistance (baseboards/wall) space 

heating, 0 otherwise

ELECFURNACEi= 1 if customer i uses electric furnace space heating, 0 otherwise

 

15 This model has an r-square of 0.33.

16 The extreme outliers of usage in a day were 148 kWh.
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ELECHPi= 1 if customer i uses a heat pump for space heating, 0 otherwise

ELECOTHERi= 1 if customer i uses a miscellaneous electric system for space heating, 0 

otherwise

ELECWATERHEATi= 1 if customer i has electric water heating, 0 otherwise

FREEZERi = 1 if customer i has a freezer, 0 otherwise

 it = Error term for customer i and month t.

The multifamily model results are shown in Table 10.

17

Table 10. Multifamily Electric CDA Model 

Variable

Parameter

Estimate t-Value

Intercept 16.98743 58.68

CENTRAL_AC * CDD65 1.97042 2.02

HP_AC * CDD65 2.03173 1.93

ROOM_AC * CDD65 0.83583 1.56

RESISTANCE_HEAT * HDD65 0.49087 24.63

FURNACE_HEAT * HDD65 1.10508 18.51

HEATPUMP_HEAT * HDD65 1.28637 8.64

OTHER_HEAT * HDD65 0.6398 15.64

ELECWATERHEAT * OCCTOT 2.83378 22.17

FREEZER 3.65533 6.84

Manufactured Home

The final manufactured home electric conditional demand specification was identical to the 

single family conditional demand specification except that it excluded customers with 

electrically heated spas, pools and saunas18:

For each customer i and month t in 2009, 

ADC_KWHit= α +β1CENTRAL_ACi*CDD65it+ β2HPACi*CDD65it + β3ROOMACi*CDD65it +

β4ELECRESISTANCEi * HDD65it + β5ELECFURNACEi * HDD65it + β6ELECHPi * HDD65it + 

β7ELECOTHERi * HDD65it +β8ELECWATERHEAT * OCCTOTi +β12FREEZER i +  it

where 

ADC_THERMSit = Average daily kWh for customer i in month t

HDD65it = Average daily heating degree days (base 65) for customer i in month t

CDD65it = Average daily cooling degree days (base 65) for customer i in month t

OCCTOTi= Total number of occupants in home for customer i

CENTRAL_ACi= 1 if customer i has a central air conditioner, 0 otherwise

HPACi= 1 if customer i has a heat pump air conditioner, 0 otherwise

 

17 This model has an r-square of 0.22.

18 The extreme outliers of usage in a day were 174 kWh. 
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ROOMACi= 1 if customer i has a room air conditioner, 0 otherwise

ELECRESISTANCEi= 1 if customer i uses electric resistance (baseboards/wall) space 

heating, 0 otherwise

ELECFURNACEi= 1 if customer i uses electric furnace space heating, 0 otherwise

ELECHPi= 1 if customer i uses a heat pump for space heating, 0 otherwise

ELECOTHERi= 1 if customer i uses a miscellaneous electric system for space heating, 0 

otherwise

ELECWATERHEATi= 1 if customer i has electric water heating, 0 otherwise

FREEZERi = 1 if customer i has a freezer, 0 otherwise

 it = Error term for customer i and month t.

The manufactured home model results are shown in Table 11.

19

Table 11. Manufactured Home Electric CDA Model 

Variable

Parameter

Estimate t-Value

Intercept 19.05376 25.04

CENTRAL_AC * CDD65 1.72814 1.32

HP_AC * CDD65 0.16787 0.22

ROOM_AC * CDD65 2.17465 2.94

RESISTANCE_HEAT * HDD65 1.62043 12.94

FURNACE_HEAT * HDD65 1.54556 34.68

HEATPUMP_HEAT * HDD65 1.23914 19.01

OTHER_HEAT * HDD65 1.17648 20.57

ELECWATERHEAT * OCCTOT 4.96869 18.11

FREEZER 3.1894 4.19

Most of the UECs from the three electric home type models show results that are statistically 

significant. Due to small sample sizes and the difficulty in disaggregating the cooling usage 

some of the cooling related end-uses are not statistically significant, however they have the 

correct signs on the coefficients.

UEC and Average Use Per Customer Results

Once the conditional demand models were estimated – the average use per customer was derived 

by multiplying the coefficients by their averages. For CDD, HDD independent variable 

interactions – TMY3 normal base 65 heating and cooling degree days were used in place of the 

actual 2009 averages.

The detailed average use per customer calculations for the model end-uses was calculated as 

follows:

ADC_KWHit= α +β1CENTRAL_ACi*CDD65it+ β2HPACi*CDD65it + β3ROOMACi*CDD65it + 

β4ELECRESISTANCEi * HDD65it + β5ELECFURNACEi * HDD65it + + β6ELECHPi * HDD65it

 

19 This model has an r-square of 0.41.
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+ β7ELECOTHERi * HDD65it + β8ELECWATERHEAT * OCCTOTi + β9ELECSPAi + 

β10ELECPOOLi + β11ELECSAUNAi + β12FREEZER i +  it

AverageUsePerCustomer_Central AC= β1*CENTRAL_AC * TMY3CDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_HeatPump AC= β2*HEATPUMP_AC * TMY3CDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_Room AC= β3*ROOM_AC * TMY3CDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_Resistance= β4*ELECRESISTANCE * TMY3HDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_Furnace= β5*ELECFURNACE * TMY3HDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_HeatPump Heat= β6*ELECHP * TMY3HDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_Other= β7*ELECOTHER * TMY3HDD65_AVG

AverageUsePerCustomer_Waterheat= β8*ELECWATERHEAT * OCCTOT* 365

AverageUsePerCustomer_Spa= β9 *ELECSPA_AVG* 365

AverageUsePerCustomer_Pool= β10 *ELECPOOL_AVG* 365

AverageUsePerCustomer_Sauna= β11 *ELECSAUNA_AVG* 365

AverageUsePerCustomer_Freezer= β12 *FREEZER_AVG* 365

UECs for end use e are obtained from the average use per customer by dividing by the end use 

saturation,

UECe= AverageUsePerCustomere / End use Saturatione

The following tables summarize the electric end-use UECs and characteristics. 

Table 12 summarizes the average base 65 TMY3 heating and cooling degree averages for each 

end-use category. The normal TMY3 heating degree days for the final electric RES analysis 

sample range from 4,414 to 5,990 HDDs. The normal TMY3 cooling degree days range from 76 

to 163 CDDs.

Table 12. Electric TMY3 HDD & CDD Normals

Single Family Multifamily Manufactured homes

End Use HDD CDD HDD CDD HDD CDD

Cooling Central 4,888 163 4,885 160 5,990 160

Cooling HP 5,126 143 4,945 157 5,298 136

Cooling Room 5,047 163 4,921 136 5,065 143

Elec Heat: Baseboard/Wall Heat 5,125 114 4,859 136 5,600 76

Elec Heat: Furnace 5,083 135 4,739 151 5,177 120

Elec Heat: HP 5,173 131 4,414 153 5,129 138

Elec Heat: Other 5,117 123 4,867 140 5,287 117

Elec Water Heat 5,143 121 4,847 140 5,247 120

Elec Spa 5,042 134

Elec Pool 5,083 149

Elec Sauna 5,068 131

Elec Freezer 5,106 124 4,917 141 5,354 111
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All Other End Uses20 5,045 129 4,857 139 5,293 113

Weighted Average Degree Days 5,045 129 4,857 139 5,293 113

Table 13 summarizes the average home heated square footage and the average number of 

occupants for each end-use category. The average single family, multifamily, and manufactured 

home sizes used in the conditional demand models are 2,099, 992, and 1,433 square feet, 

respectively. The average number of occupants ranges from 1.6 to 3.2.

Table 13. Electric RES Analysis Sample Characteristics

Single Family Multifamily Manufactured homes

End Use Sq. Ft. Occupants Sq. Ft. Occupants Sq. Ft. Occupants

Cooling Central 2,667 2.8 1,307 1.9 4,044 2.2

Cooling HP 2,428 2.8 1,651 2.0 1,496 1.6

Cooling Room 1,916 3.2 1,039 1.9 1,147 2.0

Elec Heat: Baseboard/Wall Heat 1,574 2.6 866 2.1 1,062 2.1

Elec Heat: Furnace 1,911 2.8 995 1.8 1,313 2.1

Elec Heat: HP 2,342 2.7 1,375 2.0 1,375 1.9

Elec Heat: Other 2,019 2.7 1,087 2.2 1,528 1.8

Elec Water Heat 1,885 2.5 913 2.1 1,378 2.1

Elec Spa 2,388 2.8

Elec Pool 2,658 2.7

Elec Sauna 2,745 2.3

Elec Freezer 2,132 2.7 1,176 2.5 1,681 2.1

All Other End Uses 2,099 2.6 992 2.2 1,433 2.0

Weighted Characteristics 2,099 2.6 992 2.2 1,433 2.0

Table 14 summarizes the saturations and UECs for each end use. 

Table 14. Electric End Use UECs

Single Family Multifamily Manufactured homes

End Use Saturation UEC Saturation UEC Saturation UEC

Cooling Central 8.90% 607 1.63% 315 3.15% 277

Cooling HP 7.20% 347 1.63% 320 13.39% 23

Cooling Room 3.52% 58 4.16% 114 9.45% 310

Elec Heat: Baseboard/Wall Heat 6.90% 7,043 51.37% 2,385 3.54% 9,074

Elec Heat: Furnace 3.63% 10,358 3.27% 5,237 30.71% 8,001

Elec Heat: HP 4.77% 8,610 0.36% 5,677 11.02% 6,355

Elec Heat: Other 9.09% 5,141 8.35% 3,114 21.26% 6,220

Elec Water Heat 37.14% 3,502 67.17% 2,134 79.92% 3,791

Elec Spa 12.61% 4,750

Elec Pool 0.48% 5,374

Elec Sauna 1.89% 3,805

Elec Freezer 55.18% 2,37121 14.70% 1,334 50.79% 1,164

All Other End Uses 100.00% 8,207 100.00% 6,200 100.00% 6,955

Weighted Use Per Customer 100% 13,334 100% 9,522 100% 15,418

 

20 The other end uses are captured in the intercept these include the base load usage of lighting, appliances, and plug 

loads.

21 The single family freezer UEC is unusually high at 2,371 kWh per year. This is likely capturing some excess 

usage that is actually related to the other end use base load usage. 
Comprehensive Assessment of DSR Potentials May 2013

The Cadmus Group, Inc. / Energy Services D-19

Table 15 summarizes the average use per customer, applying the associated saturations to each 

end-use level UEC. The miscellaneous base load usage that includes lighting, appliances, 

computers and other plug loads represents 45% to 65% of the total average usage per customer. 

Space heating usage ranges from 13% to 31% of the total average usage, while water heating 

usage ranges from 10% to 20% of the total average customer usage.

Table 15. Electric End Use Average Usage Per Customer

Single Family Multifamily Manufactured homes

End Use % Use Avg. Usage % Use Avg. Usage % Use Avg. Usage

Cooling Central 0.41% 54 0.05% 5 0.06% 9

Cooling HP 0.19% 25 0.05% 5 0.02% 3

Cooling Room 0.02% 2 0.05% 5 0.19% 29

Elec Heat: Baseboard/Wall Heat 3.64% 486 12.87% 1,225 2.09% 322

Elec Heat: Furnace 2.82% 376 1.80% 171 15.94% 2,457

Elec Heat: HP 3.08% 411 0.22% 21 4.54% 701

Elec Heat: Other 3.50% 467 2.73% 260 8.58% 1,322

Elec Water Heat 9.75% 1,301 15.05% 1,433 19.65% 3,030

Elec Spa 4.49% 599

Elec Pool 0.19% 26

Elec Sauna 0.54% 72

Elec Freezer 9.81% 1,308 2.06% 196 3.83% 591

All Other End Uses 61.55% 8,207 65.12% 6,200 45.11% 6,955

Weighted Use Per Customer 100% 13,334 100% 9,522 100% 15,418

Table 16 compares the overall electric CDA and PRISM based usages per customer to the home 

type level PSE averages for 2009. Both the CDA and PRISM averages are slightly higher than 

the PSE averages. The PRISM estimates are considerably higher than the CDA estimates, likely 

due the misattribution of the space heating usage. Also, given that the CDA and PRISM 

estimates are weather normalized, the weighted average CDA/PRISM usages per customer are 

not necessarily expected to match the 2009 actuals.

Table 16. Electric UEC Calibration 

Home Type PSE 

Customers

PSE 

Total kWh

PSE kWh 

per 

customer

CDA kWh

per 

customer22

PRISM kWh

per customer

Raw Use kWh per 

customer

Single Family 626,586 7,834,797,051 12,504 13,334 14,285 13,159

Multifamily 252,715 2,180,393,890 8,628 9,522 9,708 9,504

Manufactured homes 71,398 1,055,667,957 14,786 15,418 17,115 15,733

All Residential 950,699 11,070,858,898 11,645 12,478 13,281 12,381

 

22 The 90% confidence level CDA relative precisions for single family, multifamily and manufactured homes were 

1.93%, 3.15%, and 4.41% respectively. The CDA 90% confidence intervals for single family, multifamily and 

manufactured homes are 13,076-13,591, 9,222-9,822, and 14,738-16,098, respectively. It is uncertain what the 

confidence bounds are on the PSE usage estimates since only average usages were provided.