# Patent

## Title
Techniques for controlling a semiconductor memory device

## Abstract

Techniques for controlling a semiconductor memory device are disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a method for controlling a semiconductor memory device including applying a plurality of voltage potentials to a plurality of memory cells arranged in an array of rows and columns. Applying the plurality of voltage potentials to the plurality of memory cells may include applying a first voltage potential to a first memory cell in a row of the array via a first respective bit line and a first switch transistor, applying a second voltage potential to a second memory cell in the row of the array via a second respective bit line and a second switch transistor, and applying a third voltage potential to at least one third memory cell in the row of the array via at least one third respective bit line and at least one third switch transistor, wherein the at least one third memory cell may be located between the first memory cell and the second memory cell in the row of the array.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This patent application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/304,067, filed Feb. 12, 2010, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.


FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present disclosure relates generally to semiconductor memory devices and, more particularly, to techniques for controlling a semiconductor memory device.
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
The semiconductor industry has experienced technological advances that have permitted increases in density and/or complexity of semiconductor memory devices. Also, the technological advances have allowed decreases in power consumption and package sizes of various types of semiconductor memory devices. There is a continuing trend to employ and/or fabricate advanced semiconductor memory devices using techniques, materials, and devices that improve performance, reduce leakage current, and enhance overall scaling. Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and bulk substrates are examples of materials that may be used to fabricate such semiconductor memory devices. Such semiconductor memory devices may include, for example, partially depleted (PD) devices, fully depleted (FD) devices, multiple gate devices (e.g., double, triple gate, or surrounding gate), and Fin-FET devices.
A semiconductor memory device may include a memory cell having a memory transistor with an electrically floating body region wherein electrical charge may be stored. When excess majority electrical charges carriers are stored in the electrically floating body region, the memory cell may store a logic high (e.g., binary “1” data state). When the electrical floating body region is depleted of majority electrical charge carriers, the memory cell may store a logic low (e.g., binary “0” data state). Also, a semiconductor memory device may be fabricated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates or bulk substrates (e.g., enabling body isolation). For example, a semiconductor memory device may be fabricated as a three-dimensional (3-D) device (e.g., a multiple gate device, a Fin-FET device, and a vertical pillar device).
In one conventional technique, the memory cell of the semiconductor memory device may be read by applying bias signals to a source/drain region and/or a gate of the memory transistor. As such, a conventional reading technique may involve sensing an amount of current provided/generated by/in the electrically floating body region of the memory cell in response to the application of the source/drain region or gate bias signals to determine a data state stored in the memory cell. For example, the memory cell may have two or more different current states corresponding to two or more different logical states (e.g., two different current conditions/states corresponding to two different logic states: a binary “0” data state and a binary “1” data state).
Often, conventional reading operations may lead to relatively large power consumption and large voltage potential swings which may cause disturbances to unselected memory cells in the semiconductor memory device. Also, pulsing between positive and negative gate biases during read operations may reduce a net quantity of majority charge carriers in the electrically floating body region of the memory cell in the semiconductor memory device, which, in turn, may result in an inaccurate determination of the state of the memory cell. Furthermore, in the event that a bias signal is applied to the gate of the memory transistor that is below a threshold voltage potential of the memory transistor, a channel of minority charge carriers beneath the gate may be eliminated. However, some of the minority charge carriers may remain “trapped” in interface defects. Indeed, some of the trapped minority charge carriers may recombine with majority charge carriers, which may be attracted to the gate as a result of the applied bias. As a result, the net quantity of majority charge carriers in the electrically floating body region may be reduced. This phenomenon, which is typically characterized as charge pumping, is problematic because the net quantity of majority charge carriers may be reduced in the electrically floating body region of the memory cell, which, in turn, may result in an inaccurate determination of the state of the memory cell.
In view of the foregoing, it may be understood that there may be significant problems and shortcomings associated with conventional techniques for controlling a semiconductor memory devices.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
Techniques for controlling a semiconductor memory device are disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a method for controlling a semiconductor memory device comprising applying a plurality of voltage potentials to a plurality of memory cells arranged in an array of rows and columns. Applying the plurality of voltage potentials to the plurality of memory cells may comprise applying a first voltage potential to a first memory cell in a row of the array via a first respective bit line and a first switch transistor. Applying the plurality of voltage potentials to the plurality of memory cells may also comprise applying a second voltage potential to a second memory cell in the row of the array via a second respective bit line and a second switch transistor. Applying the plurality of voltage potentials to the plurality of memory cells may further comprise applying a third voltage potential to at least one third memory cell in the row of the array via at least one third respective bit line and at least one third switch transistor, wherein the at least one third memory cell may be located between the first memory cell and the second memory cell in the row of the array.
In accordance with other aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the first switch transistor may couple the first memory cell to first data sense amplifier circuitry.
In accordance with further aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the second switch transistor may couple the second memory cell to second data sense amplifier circuitry.
In accordance with additional aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the at least one third switch transistor may couple the at least one third memory cell to the first data sense amplifier circuitry or the second data sense amplifier circuitry.
In accordance with yet another aspect of this particular exemplary embodiment, the first voltage potential, the second voltage potential, and the third voltage potential may be simultaneously applied by the first data sense amplifier circuitry or the second data sense amplifier circuitry.
In accordance with other aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the first voltage potential, the second voltage potential, and the third voltage potential may be equal.
In accordance with further aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the first voltage potential, the second voltage potential, and the third voltage potential may be equal to a masking operation voltage potential.
In accordance with additional aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the first voltage potential may be applied by first data sense amplifier circuitry to determine a data state stored in the first memory cell.
In accordance with yet another aspect of this particular exemplary embodiment, the second voltage potential may be applied by second data sense amplifier circuitry to determine a data state stored in the second memory cell.
In accordance with other aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the third voltage potential may be applied by the first data sense amplifier circuitry or the second data sense amplifier circuitry to mask the at least one third memory cell from disturbance.
In accordance with further aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the third voltage potential may be applied to at least two of the at least one third memory cell in the row of the array via at least two of the at least one third respective bit line.
In accordance with additional aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the at least one third respective bit line may be electrically floating after the application of the third voltage potential.
In accordance with yet another aspect of this particular exemplary embodiment, the third voltage potential may be maintained via at least one respective driver transistor.
In another particular exemplary embodiment, the techniques may be realized as a semiconductor memory device comprising a plurality of memory cells arranged in an array of rows and columns. At least one of the plurality of memory cells may comprise a first region coupled to a respective source line of the array. The at least one of the plurality of memory cells may also comprise a second region coupled to a respective bit line of the array, wherein the respective bit line of the array may be coupled to data sense amplifier circuitry via a switch transistor. The at least one of the plurality of memory cells may further comprise a body region spaced apart from and capacitively coupled to a respective word line of the array, wherein the body region may be electrically floating and disposed between the first region and the second region. The at least one of the plurality of memory cells may further comprise a third region coupled to a respective carrier injection line of the array, wherein the third region may be disposed adjacent to the first region or the second region.
In accordance with other aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the respective bit line may be one of a plurality of bit lines in the array that may be coupled to the data sense amplifier circuitry.
In accordance with further aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the data sense amplifier circuitry may be one of a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits in the array.
In accordance with additional aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, at least some of the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits may be configured on opposite sides of the array.
In accordance with yet another aspect of this particular exemplary embodiment, at least some of the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits may be alternatively coupled to the plurality of memory cells of the array.
In accordance with other aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, at least some of the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits may be alternatively coupled to a pair of memory cells in the row of the array.
In accordance with further aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, at least some of the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits may be alternatively coupled to a single memory cell in the row of the array.
In accordance with additional aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the switch transistor may be one of a plurality of switch transistors in the array that may be coupled to the data sense amplifier circuitry.
In accordance with yet another aspect of this particular exemplary embodiment, the semiconductor memory device further comprises a driver transistor coupling the respective bit line of the array to a power source.
In accordance with other aspects of this particular exemplary embodiment, the driver transistor may be one of a plurality of driver transistors in the array.
The present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof as shown in the accompanying drawings. While the present disclosure is described below with reference to exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those of ordinary skill in the art having access to the teachings herein will recognize additional implementations, modifications, and embodiments, as well as other fields of use, which are within the scope of the present disclosure as described herein, and with respect to which the present disclosure may be of significant utility.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In order to facilitate a fuller understanding of the present disclosure, reference is now made to the accompanying drawings, in which like elements are referenced with like numerals. These drawings should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure, but are intended to be exemplary only.
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a semiconductor memory device including a memory cell array, data write and sense circuitry, and memory cell selection and control circuitry in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of at least a portion of a memory cell array having a plurality of memory cells in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a semiconductor memory device having a plurality of memory cells coupled to data sense amplifier circuitry in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a semiconductor memory device having a plurality of memory cells coupled to a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a semiconductor memory device having a plurality of memory cells coupled to a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a semiconductor memory device having a plurality of memory cells coupled to a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 shows a method of biasing a semiconductor memory device to perform a read operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 8 shows a method of biasing a semiconductor memory device to perform a read operation in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 9 shows a method of preconditioning a semiconductor memory device to perform a read operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown a block diagram of a semiconductor memory device 10 comprising a memory cell array 20, data write and sense circuitry 36, and memory cell selection and control circuitry 38 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The memory cell array 20 may comprise a plurality of memory cells 12 each coupled to the memory cell selection and control circuitry 38 via a word line (WL) 28 and a carrier injection line (EP) 34, and to the data write and sense circuitry 36 via a source line (EN) 32 and a bit line (CN) 30. It may be appreciated that the source line (EN) 32 and the bit line (CN) 30 are designations used to distinguish between two signal lines and they may be used interchangeably.
The data write and sense circuitry 36 may read data from and may write data to selected memory cells 12. In an exemplary embodiment, the data write and sense circuitry 36 may include a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits. Each data sense amplifier circuit may receive at least one bit line (CN) 30 and a current or voltage reference signal. For example, each data sense amplifier circuit may be a cross-coupled type sense amplifier to sense a data state stored in a memory cell 12. The data write and sense circuitry 36 may include at least one multiplexer that may couple the data sense amplifier circuit to at least one bit line (CN) 30. In an exemplary embodiment, the multiplexer may couple a plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 to a data sense amplifier circuit.
Each data sense amplifier circuit may employ voltage and/or current sensing circuitry and/or techniques. In an exemplary embodiment, each data sense amplifier circuit may employ current sensing circuitry and/or techniques. For example, a current sense amplifier may compare current from a selected memory cell 12 to a reference current (e.g., the current of one or more reference cells). From that comparison, it may be determined whether the selected memory cell 12 stores a logic high (e.g., binary “1” data state) or a logic low (e.g., binary “0” data state). It may be appreciated by one having ordinary skill in the art that various types or forms of the data write and sense circuitry 36 (including one or more sense amplifiers, using voltage or current sensing techniques, to sense a data state stored in a memory cell 12) may be employed to read data stored in the memory cells 12.
The memory cell selection and control circuitry 38 may select and/or enable one or more predetermined memory cells 12 to facilitate reading data therefrom by applying control signals on one or more word lines (WL) 28 and/or carrier injection lines (EP) 34. The memory cell selection and control circuitry 38 may generate such control signals from address signals, for example, row address signals. Moreover, the memory cell selection and control circuitry 38 may include a word line decoder and/or driver. For example, the memory cell selection and control circuitry 38 may include one or more different control/selection techniques (and circuitry thereof) to select and/or enable one or more predetermined memory cells 12. Notably, all such control/selection techniques, and circuitry thereof, whether now known or later developed, are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
In an exemplary embodiment, the semiconductor memory device 10 may implement a two step write operation whereby all the memory cells 12 in a row of memory cells 12 may be written to a predetermined data state by first executing a “clear” or a logic low (e.g., binary “0” data state) write operation, whereby all of the memory cells 12 in the row of memory cells 12 are written to logic low (e.g., binary “0” data state). Thereafter, selected memory cells 12 in the row of memory cells 12 may be selectively written to the predetermined data state (e.g., a logic high (binary “1” data state)). The semiconductor memory device 10 may also implement a one step write operation whereby selective memory cells 12 in a row of memory cells 12 may be selectively written to either a logic high (e.g., binary “1” data state) or a logic low (e.g., binary “0” data state) without first implementing a “clear” operation. The semiconductor memory device 10 may employ any of the exemplary writing, preparation, holding, refresh, and/or reading techniques described herein.
The memory cells 12 may comprise N-type, P-type and/or both types of transistors. Circuitry that is peripheral to the memory cell array 20 (for example, sense amplifiers or comparators, row and column address decoders, as well as line drivers (not illustrated herein)) may also include P-type and/or N-type transistors. Regardless of whether P-type or N-type transistors are employed in memory cells 12 in the memory cell array 20, suitable voltage potentials (for example, positive or negative voltage potentials) for reading from the memory cells 12 will be described further herein.
Referring to FIG. 2, there is shown a memory cell array 20 having a plurality of memory cells 12 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Each of the memory cells 12 may comprise a first bipolar transistor 14a and a second bipolar transistor 14b coupled to each other. For example, the first bipolar transistor 14a and/or the second bipolar transistor 14b may be an NPN bipolar transistor or a PNP bipolar transistor. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the first bipolar transistor 14a may be an NPN bipolar transistor and the second bipolar transistor 14b may be a PNP bipolar transistor. In another exemplary embodiment, the first memory transistor 14a may be a PNP bipolar transistor and the second memory transistor 14b may be an NPN bipolar transistor. The memory cells 12 may be coupled to a respective word line (WL) 28, a respective bit line (CN) 30, a respective source line (EN) 32, and/or a respective carrier injection line (EP) 34. Data may be written to or read from a selected memory cell 12 by applying suitable control signals to a selected word line (WL) 28, a selected bit line (CN) 30, a selected source line (EN) 32, and/or a selected carrier injection line (EP) 34. In an exemplary embodiment, the word line (WL) 28 may extend horizontally parallel to the carrier injection line (EP) 34. In another exemplary embodiment, the bit line (CN) 30 may extend vertically parallel to the source line (EN) 32.
In an exemplary embodiment, one or more respective bit line (CN) 30 may be coupled to data sense amplifier circuitry of the data write and sense circuitry 36. For example, one or more control signals may be applied to one or more selected memory cells 12 via a selected word line (WL) 28, a selected bit line (CN) 30, a selected source line (EN) 32, and/or a selected carrier injection line (EP) 34. A voltage potential and/or a current may be generated by the one or more selected memory cells 12 and outputted to the data sense amplifier circuitry of the data write and sense circuitry 36 via a corresponding bit line (CN) 30.
Also, a data state may be written to one or more selected memory cells 12 by applying one or more control signals via one or more corresponding bit lines (CN) 30. The one or more control signals applied via the corresponding bit lines (CN) 30 may control the second bipolar transistor 14b of the memory cell 12 in order to write a desired data state to the memory cell 12. In the event that a data state is read from and/or written to the memory cell 12 via the bit line (CN) 30, then the bit line (CN) 30 may be coupled to the data sense amplifier circuitry of the data write and sense circuitry 36 while the source line (EN) 32 may be separately controlled via a voltage/current source (e.g., a voltage/current driver) of the data write and sense circuitry 36. In an exemplary embodiment, the data sense amplifier circuitry of the data write and sense circuitry 36 and the voltage/current source of the data write and sense circuitry 36 may be configured on opposite sides of the memory cell array 20. In another exemplary embodiment, the data write and sense circuitry 36 may include a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits configured on opposite sides of the memory cell array 20.
In the event that the source line (EN) 32 is coupled to the data sense amplifier circuitry of the data write and sense circuitry 36, a voltage potential and/or current generated by the one or more selected memory cells 12 may be outputted to the data sense amplifier circuitry of the data write and sense circuitry 36 via the corresponding source line (EN) 32. Also, a data state may be written to one or more selected memory cells 12 by applying one or more control signals via one or more corresponding bit lines (CN) 30. The one or more control signals applied via the corresponding bit lines (CN) 30 may control the second bipolar transistor 14b of the memory cell 12 in order to write a desired data state to the memory cell 12. For example, the bit line (CN) 30 and the source line (EN) 32 may be coupled to disparate subcircuits (e.g., drivers and/or sense amplifiers) of the data write and sense circuitry 36 configured on opposite sides of the memory cell array 20. In an exemplary embodiment, the bit line (CN) 30 may be coupled to a driver and/or sense amplifier circuitry of the data write and sense circuitry 36, while the source line (EN) 32 may be coupled to a driver and/or sense amplifier circuitry of the data write and sense circuitry 36. Also, the driver and/or the data sense amplifier circuitry coupled to the bit line (CN) 30 and the driver and/or the data sense amplifier circuitry coupled to the source line (EN) 32 may be configured on opposite sides of the memory cell array 20. By reading a data state via the source line (EN) 32 and writing a data state via the bit line (CN) 30, the resistance at the memory cell 12 may be reduced because the source line (EN) 32 and the bit line (CN) 30 are driven separately.
Referring to FIG. 3, there is shown a schematic diagram of a semiconductor memory device 10 having a plurality of memory cells 12 coupled to data sense amplifier circuitry 302 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 3, a plurality of memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0>, memory cell <1>, memory cell <2> . . . memory cell <i−1> and memory cell <i>) may be coupled to the data sense amplifier circuitry 302 via a plurality of corresponding bit lines (CN) 30 (e.g., CN<0>, CN<1>, CN<2>, . . . CN<i−1>, and CN<1>) and a plurality of corresponding switch transistors 304. For example, a predetermined number of memory cells 12 (e.g., i number of memory cells 12) may be coupled to the data sense amplifier circuitry 302. In an exemplary embodiment, four memory cells 12, eight memory cells 12, sixteen memory cells 12, thirty-two memory cells 12, sixty-four memory cells 12, and/or etc. may be coupled to the data sense amplifier circuitry 302.
The switch transistor 304 may be activated to couple a corresponding memory cell 12 to the data sense amplifier circuitry 302 via a corresponding bit line (CN) 30. The switch transistor 304 may be an N-type bipolar transistor or a P-type bipolar transistor. Also, the switch transistor 304 may be an N-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or a P-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
Referring to FIG. 4, there is shown a schematic diagram of a semiconductor memory device 10 having a plurality of memory cells 12 coupled to a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 402a and 402b in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. A plurality of memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0>, memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <3>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>) may be coupled to the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 402a and 402b. The plurality of memory cells 12 may be arranged in a row in the memory cell array 20. Each of the memory cells 12 may be coupled to data sense amplifier circuitry 402a or 402b via a corresponding bit line (CN) 30 and a corresponding switch transistor 404. The data sense amplifier circuitry 402 may determine a data state (e.g., logic high (binary “1” data state) or logic low (binary “0” data state)) stored in a memory cell 12 by activating a corresponding switch transistor 404.
The plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 402a and 402b may be configured on opposite sides of the memory cell array 20. For example, each data sense amplifier circuit 402a or 402b may be alternatively coupled to the plurality of memory cells 12. For example, the data sense amplifier circuitry 402a may be coupled to the first pair of memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0> and the memory cell <1>). Alternatively, the data sense amplifier circuitry 402b may be coupled to the second pair of memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <2> and the memory cell <3>). Subsequently, the data sense amplifier circuitry 402a may be coupled to the third pair of memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <4> and the memory cell <5>). The data sense amplifier circuitry 402b may be coupled to the fourth pair of memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <6> and the memory cell <7>).
Referring to FIG. 5, there is shown a schematic diagram of a semiconductor memory device 10 having a plurality of memory cells 12 coupled to a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 502 in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure. A plurality of memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0>, memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <3>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>) may be coupled to a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 502a and 502b. The plurality of memory cells 12 may be arranged in a row in the memory cell array 20. Each of the memory cells 12 may be coupled to data sense amplifier circuitry 502a or 502b via a corresponding bit line (CN) 30 and a corresponding switch transistor 504. The data sense amplifier circuitry 502 may determine a data state (e.g., logic high (binary “1” data state) or logic low (binary “0” data state)) stored in one or more memory cells 12 by activating a corresponding switch transistor 504.
The plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 502a and 502b may be configured on opposite sides of the memory cell array 20. In an exemplary embodiment, each data sense amplifier circuit 502a or 502b may be alternatively coupled to a single memory cell 12 in a row of plurality of memory cells 12. For example, the data sense amplifier circuitry 502a may be coupled to memory cells 12 having even number designations and the data sense amplifier circuitry 502b may be coupled to memory cells 12 having odd number designations. For example, the data sense amplifier circuitry 502a may be coupled to the memory cells 12 having the even number designation (e.g., memory cell <0>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <4>, and memory cell <6>). The data sense amplifier circuitry 502b may be coupled to the memory cells 12 having an odd number designation (e.g., memory cell <1>, memory cell <3>, memory cell <5>, and memory cell <7>).
Referring to FIG. 6, there is shown a schematic diagram of a semiconductor memory device 10 having a plurality of memory cells 12 coupled to a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 602 in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure. A plurality of memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0>, memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <3>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>) may be coupled to a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 602a or 602b. The plurality of memory cells 12 may be arranged in a row in the memory cell array 20. Each of the memory cells 12 may be coupled to data sense amplifier circuitry 602a or 602b via a corresponding bit line (CN) 30 and a corresponding switch transistor 604. The data sense amplifier circuitry 602 may determine a data state (e.g., logic high (binary “1” data state) or logic low (binary “0” data state)) stored in one or more memory cells 12 by activating a corresponding switch transistor 604.
The plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 602a and 602b may be configured on opposite sides of the memory cell array 20. In an exemplary embodiment, each data sense amplifier circuit 602a or 602b may be coupled to a group of adjacent/contiguous memory cells 12. For example, the data sense amplifier circuitry 602a may be coupled to a first group of adjacent/contiguous memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0>, memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, and memory cell <3>). The data sense amplifier circuitry 602b may be coupled to a second group of adjacent/contiguous memory cells 12 (e.g., the memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>).
Referring to FIG. 7, there is shown a method of biasing a semiconductor memory device 10 to perform a read operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The read operation may include control signals configured to bias one or more memory cells 12 in order to determine data state (e.g., logic low (binary “0” data state) or logic high (binary “1” data state)) stored in the one or more memory cells 12. For example, control signals may be applied to one or more switch transistors 704a-h to activate (e.g., an “ON” state) or deactivate (e.g., an “OFF” state) the one or more switch transistors 704a-h to couple one or more selected memory cells 12 to data sense amplifier circuitry 702a or 702b. Also, control signals may be applied to the one or more selected memory cells 12 via one or more corresponding bit lines (CN) 30 in order to perform a read operation.
During conventional read operations, noise may be generated when the voltage potential applied to the bit lines (CN) 30 vary. For example, a voltage potential variation on the bit lines (CN) 30 during the conventional read operation may generate bit line cross-talk due to capacitance between adjacent bit lines (CN) 30. However, the method of biasing the semiconductor memory device 10 to perform a read operation in accordance with the present disclosure will reduce and/or eliminate the noise generated when the voltage potential applied to the bit line (CN) 30 varies. For example, control signals may be applied to two non-contiguous selected memory cells 12 via corresponding bit lines (CN) 30 to perform a read operation. Thus, one or more unselected memory cells 12 between the two non-contiguous selected memory cells 12 may provide a shielding mechanism between the two non-contiguous selected memory cells 12 in order to reduce and/or eliminate the cross-talk between adjacent bit lines due to capacitance between adjacent bit lines (ON) 30.
In an exemplary embodiment, control signals may be applied to the switch transistors 704a and 704f in order to turn the switch transistors 704a and 704f to an “ON” state to couple the selected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0> and memory cell <4>) to the data sense amplifier circuitry 702a and 702b, respectively. The control signals may be applied to the switch transistors 704b, 704c, and 704d to turn the switch transistors 704b, 704c, and 704d to an “OFF” state in order to decouple the unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1>, memory cell <4>, and memory cell <5>) from the data sense amplifier circuitry 702a. Also, control signals may be applied to the switch transistors 704e, 704g, and 704h to turn the switch transistors 704e, 704g, and 704h to an “OFF” state in order to decouple the unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <2>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>) from the data sense amplifier circuitry 702b. 
Control signals (Vread) may be applied to the bit lines (CN) 30 corresponding to the selected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0> and memory cell <3>) in order to perform a read operation. Also, control signals (Vmask) may be applied to the bit lines (CN) 30 corresponding to the unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>) to perform a masking operation. In an exemplary embodiment, after the application of the control signals (Vmask) to the bit lines (CN) 30 that are corresponding to the unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>), the switch transistors 704b, 704c, 704d, 704e, 704g, and 704h may be turned to an “OFF” state. By turning the switch transistors 704b, 704c, 704d, 704e, 704g, and 704h to an “OFF” state, the bit lines (CN) 30 corresponding to the unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>) may be left electrically floating.
The unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1> and memory cell <2>) and the corresponding bit lines (CN) 30 may be interposed between the selected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0> and memory cell <3>) and the corresponding bit lines (CN) 30. The unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1> and memory cell <2>) and the corresponding bit lines (CN) 30 interposed between the selected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0> and memory cell <3>) may provide a shielding mechanism to reduce and/or eliminate cross-talk between the selected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0> and memory cell <3>) and corresponding bit lines (CN) 30.
Referring to FIG. 8, there is shown a method of biasing a semiconductor memory device 10 to perform a read operation in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure. The method of biasing the semiconductor memory device 10 illustrated in FIG. 8 may be similar to the method of biasing the semiconductor memory device 10 illustrated in FIG. 7, except that the bit lines (CN) 30 corresponding to the unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>) may be driven to a predetermined voltage potential.
The plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 may be coupled to a power source (Vdd) (e.g., voltage potential driver and/or current driver) via a plurality of driver transistors 806a-h. For example, the driver transistors 806a and 806f coupled to a selected memory cell 12 via a bit line (CN) 30 may be turned to an “OFF” state during a read operation. The driver transistors 806b, 806c, 806d, 806e, 806g, and 806h coupled to a plurality of unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>) via a plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 may be turned to an “ON” state during a read operation. When the driver transistor 806 is turned to an “ON” state, the driver transistor 806 may couple a voltage potential and/or current to the bit line (CN) 30 from the power source (e.g., voltage potential driver and/or current driver). In contrast, when the driver transistor 806 is turned to an “OFF” state, the driver transistor 806 may decouple a voltage potential and/or current to the bit line (CN) 30 from the power source (Vdd) (e.g., voltage potential driver and/or current driver).
The driver transistors 806a and 806f may be turned to an “OFF” state to decouple a voltage potential and/or current applied by a power source (Vdd) (e.g., voltage potential driver and/or current driver) from the bit lines (CN) 30 corresponding to the selected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0> and memory cell <3>). The driver transistors 806b, 806c, 806d, 806e, 806f, 806g, and 806h may be turned to an “ON” state to couple a voltage potential and/or current applied by a power source (Vdd) (e.g., voltage potential driver and/or current driver) to the bit lines (CN) 30 associated with the unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>). The bit lines (CN) 30 associated with the unselected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <1>, memory cell <2>, memory cell <4>, memory cell <5>, memory cell <6>, and memory cell <7>) interposed between the bit lines (CN) 30 associated with the selected memory cells 12 (e.g., memory cell <0> and memory cell <3>) may provide a shielding mechanism to reduce and/or eliminate the bit line (CN) cross-talk due to capacitance between adjacent bit lines (CN) 30.
Referring to FIG. 9, there is shown a method of preconditioning a semiconductor memory device 10 to perform a read operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The semiconductor memory device 10 may be preconditioned in order to perform a read operation to determine data state (e.g., logic low (binary “0” data state) or logic high (binary “1” data state)) stored in the one or more memory cells 12. For example, control signals may be applied to the switch transistors 904a-h in order to couple the memory cells 12 to a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 902a and 902b. The plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 902a and 902b may apply control signals to the plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 that are coupled to the memory cells 12 in order to precondition the semiconductor memory device 10 for a subsequent read operation. In an exemplary embodiment, each of the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 902a or 902b may simultaneously apply control signals to a plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 coupled to the memory cells 12. In another exemplary embodiment, the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 902a and 902b may simultaneously apply control signals to the plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 coupled to the memory cells 12. For example, the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 902a or 902b may apply a constant voltage potential to the plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 coupled to the memory cells 12. In an exemplary embodiment, the voltage potential applied to the plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 by the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits 902a or 902b may be a masking voltage potential.
By simultaneously applying control signals to the plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 coupled to the memory cells 12 during preconditioning of the semiconductor memory device 10, the bit line (CN) cross-talk due to capacitance between adjacent bit lines (CN) 30 may be reduced and/or eliminated. Also, power consumption by the data sense amplifier circuitry 902a and 902b may be reduced and/or eliminated by simultaneously applying control signals to the plurality of bit lines (CN) 30 coupled to the memory cells 12.
At this point it should be noted that controlling a semiconductor memory device in accordance with the present disclosure as described above typically involves the processing of input data and the generation of output data to some extent. This input data processing and output data generation may be implemented in hardware or software. For example, specific electronic components may be employed in a semiconductor memory device or similar or related circuitry for implementing the functions associated with controlling a semiconductor memory device in accordance with the present disclosure as described above. Alternatively, one or more processors operating in accordance with instructions may implement the functions associated with controlling a semiconductor memory device in accordance with the present disclosure as described above. If such is the case, it is within the scope of the present disclosure that such instructions may be stored on one or more processor readable non-transitory media (e.g., a magnetic disk or other storage medium), or transmitted to one or more processors via one or more signals embodied in one or more carrier waves.
The present disclosure is not to be limited in scope by the specific embodiments described herein. Indeed, other various embodiments of and modifications to the present disclosure, in addition to those described herein, will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the foregoing description and accompanying drawings. Thus, such other embodiments and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Further, although the present disclosure has been described herein in the context of a particular implementation in a particular environment for a particular purpose, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that its usefulness is not limited thereto and that the present disclosure may be beneficially implemented in any number of environments for any number of purposes. Accordingly, the claims set forth below should be construed in view of the full breadth and spirit of the present disclosure as described herein.

## Claims

1. A method for controlling a semiconductor memory device comprising:
applying a plurality of voltage potentials to a plurality of memory cells arranged in an array of rows and columns, wherein applying the plurality of voltage potentials to the plurality of memory cells comprises:
applying a first voltage potential to a first memory cell in a row of the array via a first respective bit line and a first switch transistor;
applying a second voltage potential to a second memory cell in the row of the array via a second respective bit line and a second switch transistor; and
applying a third voltage potential to at least one third memory cell in the row of the array via at least one third respective bit line and at least one third switch transistor, wherein the at least one third memory cell is located between the first memory cell and the second memory cell in the row of the array; and wherein the at least one third memory cell comprises:
a first region coupled to a respective source line of the array;
a second region coupled to the at least one third respective bit line of the array;
a body region spaced apart from and capacitively coupled to a respective word line of the array, wherein the body region is electrically floating and disposed between the first region and the second region.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first switch transistor couples the first memory cell to first data sense amplifier circuitry.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the second switch transistor couples the second memory cell to second data sense amplifier circuitry.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the at least one third switch transistor couples the at least one third memory cell to the first data sense amplifier circuitry or the second data sense amplifier circuitry.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the first voltage potential, the second voltage potential, and the third voltage potential are simultaneously applied by the first data sense amplifier circuitry or the second data sense amplifier circuitry.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the first voltage potential, the second voltage potential, and the third voltage potential are equal.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the first voltage potential, the second voltage potential, and the third voltage potential are equal to a masking operation voltage potential.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first voltage potential is applied by first data sense amplifier circuitry to determine a data state stored in the first memory cell.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the second voltage potential is applied by second data sense amplifier circuitry to determine a data state stored in the second memory cell.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the third voltage potential is applied by the first data sense amplifier circuitry or the second data sense amplifier circuitry to mask the at least one third memory cell from disturbance.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the third voltage potential is applied to at least two of the at least one third memory cell in the row of the array via at least two of the at least one third respective bit line.

12. The method according to claim 9, wherein the at least one third respective bit line is electrically floating after the application of the third voltage potential.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the third voltage potential is maintained via at least one respective driver transistor.

14. A semiconductor memory device comprising:
a plurality of memory cells arranged in an array of rows and columns, at least one of the plurality of memory cells comprising:
a first region coupled to a respective source line of the array;
a second region coupled to a respective bit line of the array, wherein the respective bit line of the array is coupled to data sense amplifier circuitry via a switch transistor;
a body region spaced apart from and capacitively coupled to a respective word line of the array, wherein the body region is electrically floating and disposed between the first region and the second region; and
a third region coupled to a respective carrier injection line of the array, wherein the third region is disposed adjacent to the first region or the second region.

15. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 14, wherein the respective bit line is one of a plurality of bit lines in the array that are coupled to the data sense amplifier circuitry.

16. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 14, wherein the data sense amplifier circuitry is one of a plurality of data sense amplifier circuits in the array.

17. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 16, wherein at least some of the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits are configured on opposite sides of the array.

18. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 16, wherein at least some of the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits are alternatively coupled to the plurality of memory cells of the array.

19. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 18, wherein at least some of the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits are alternatively coupled to a pair of memory cells in the row of the array.

20. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 14, wherein at least some of the plurality of data sense amplifier circuits are alternatively coupled to a single memory cell in the row of the array.

21. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 14, wherein the switch transistor is one of a plurality of switch transistors in the array that are coupled to the data sense amplifier circuitry.

22. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 14, further comprising a driver transistor coupling the respective bit line of the array to a power source.

23. The semiconductor memory device according to claim 22, wherein the driver transistor is one of a plurality of driver transistors in the array.