APPENDIX 7-A. RECS 2005 VARIABLES AND VALUES
 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 

7-A.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 7-A-1 

7-A.2 SAMPLE DETERMINATION.............................................................................. 7-A-1 

7-A.2.1 Water Heaters......................................................................................................... 7-A-1 

7-A.2.2 Direct Heating Equipment ..................................................................................... 7-A-3 

7-A.2.3 Pool Heaters ........................................................................................................... 7-A-6 

7-A.3 RECS 2005 DATABASE VARIABLE RESPONSE CODES.............................. 7-A-7 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table 7-A.2.1 Selection of RECS 2005 Records by Fuel Type: Water Heaters...............7-A-1 

Table 7-A.2.2 List of RECS 2005 Variables Used for Water Heaters..............................7-A-2 

Table 7-A.2.3 Summary of Direct Heating Equipment Household Sample (RECS 

2005) ..........................................................................................................7-A-4 

Table 7-A.2.4 List of RECS 2005 Variables Used in Direct Heating Equipment ............7-A-5 

Table 7-A.2.5 Criteria for Selection of Pool Heaters Household Sample (RECS 1993­

2005) ..........................................................................................................7-A-6 

Table 7-A.2.6 List of RECS 2005 Variables Used for Pool Heaters ................................7-A-6 

Table 7-A.3.1 Definitions of RECS 2005 Variables Used in Life-Cycle Cost Analysis..7-A-7 

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APPENDIX 7-A. RECS 2005 VARIABLES AND VALUES
 

7-A.1 INTRODUCTION
 

Using Microsoft ACCESS, DOE created a database containing a subset of the records 

and variables from DOE’s Energy Information Administration (EIA)’s RECS 2005.1 DOE used 

this RECS subset in the life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis of the Residential Water Heaters, Direct 

Heating Equipment, and Pool Heaters Rulemaking. This appendix explains the variable name 

abbreviations and provides definitions of the variable values. For the entire RECS 2005 dataset, 

refer to http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/recspubuse05/pubuse05.html. 

7-A.2 SAMPLE DETERMINATION 

7-A.2.1 Water Heaters 

The subset of RECS records used for water heaters met all of the following criteria: 

1) Used a water heater as the primary source of heated water, 

2) Used one of four fuels (electricity, gas, LPG, or oil as a heating fuel), 

3) Provided heated water for only one housing unit, 

4) Had an indication of water heater size, including instantaneous for natural gas and LPG, 

5) Had energy consumption greater than zero. 

The RECS 2005 variables used to match the selection criteria are listed in Table 7-A.2.1. 

Table 7-A.2.1 Selection of RECS 2005 Records by Fuel Type: Water Heaters 

Product Class Algorithm # of Records 

# of US Households 

Represented 

(million) 

Natural Gas or 

LPG (Storage) 

FUELH2O = 1 or 2 

WHEATOTH = 0 

WHEATSIZ = 1 or 2 or 3 

2166 55.2 

Electricity 

(Storage) 

FUELH2O = 5 

WHEATOTH = 0 

WHEATSIZ = 1 or 2 or 3 

1523 39.5 

Fuel Oil 

(Storage) 

FUELH2O = 3 

WHEATOTH = 0 

WHEATSIZ = 1 or 2 or 3 

100 1.8 

Natural Gas or 

LPG 

(Instantaneous) 

FUELH2O = 1 or 2 

WHEATOTH = 0 

WHEATSIZ = 1 or 2 or 3 or 6 

2180 55.5 

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Table 7-A.2.2 List of RECS 2005 Variables Used for Water Heaters
 

Variable Description 

Location Variables 

REGIONC Census region 

DIVISION Census division 

LRGSTATE Large state designation 

LRG+DIV* Combined large state (LRGSTATE) and census division 

(DIVISION) 

CD65 Cooling degree-days to base 65, 1-04 TO 12-04 

HD65 Heating degree-days to base 65, 1-04 TO 12-04 

Household Characteristics Variables 

DOEID DOE 4-digit identification number 

NWEIGHT Final weight 

TYPEHUQ Type of housing unit as report by respondent 

YEARMADE Year residence built 

NCOMBATH Number of full bathrooms 

FUELH2O Fuel used most to heat water for washing or bathing 

WHEATOTH Does the main water heating equipment also heat water for other 

residences? 

WHEATSIZ Approximate size of household's main water heater tank 

WHEATAGE Approximate age of household’s main water heater 

NHSLDMEM Number of household members 

PRESCHOOLCHILDREN* Number of household members between the ages of 0 and 5 

SCHOOLCHILDREN* Number of household members between the ages of 6 and 13 

ADULTS* Number of household members between the ages of 14 and 64 

SENIORS* Number of household members between the ages of 65 and 95 

ATHOME Is there a household member at home all day on a typical 

weekday? 

POOR100 Household is below 100 percent of poverty 

DISHWASH Automatic dishwasher used in the home? 

CWASHER Clothes washer used in the home? 

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PGASHTWA How is natural gas for water heating paid for? 

LPGPAY How is bottled gas paid for? 

PELHOTWA How is electricity for water heating paid for? 

FOPAY How if fuel oil paid for? 

CELLAR Home has a basement 

BASEHEAT Basement heated during winter months 

BASECOOL Basement air conditioned during summer months 

PRKGPLC1 Home has an attached garage 

CRAWL Home has a crawl space 

WELLPUMP Electric pump for well water? 

WEATHERLOCATIONCODE* Not part of RECS, added to link to weather data (See App. 7-D) 

TEMPHOME Winter household temperature during the day when someone is 

home 

TEMPGONE Winter household temperature during the day when no one is 

home 

TEMPNITE Winter household temperature during sleeping hours 

* Not part of RECS 2005 variables. 

7-A.2.2 Direct Heating Equipment 

The subset of RECS households used for direct heating equipment met all of the 

following criteria: 

1) Used wall fan, wall gravity or floor furnace, fireplace or room heater as the primary or 

secondary source of heat, 

2) Used natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as home heating fuel, 

3) Heated only one housing unit, 

4) Had energy consumption greater than zero. 

The RECS 2005 variables used to match the selection criteria are listed in Table 7-A.2.3.
 

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Table 7-A.2.3 Summary of Direct Heating Equipment Household Sample (RECS 2005)
 

Category Selection Criteria Fuel Type # of Records 

# of US 

Households 

Represented 

(million) 

Primary Equipment 

Floor Furnace 

EQUIPM = 6 

FUELHEAT = 1 or 2 

HEATOTH = 0 

FUELUSE > 0 

Natural Gas 88 2.1 

LPG 7 0.2 

Wall 

Fan/Gravity 

EQUIPM = 6 

FUELHEAT = 1 or 2 

HEATOTH = 0 

FUELUSE > 0 

Natural Gas 88 2.1 

LPG 7 0.2 

Room Heater* EQUIPM = 7 

FUELHEAT = 1 or 2 

HEATOTH = 0 

FUELUSE > 0 

Natural Gas 77 1.8 

LPG 35 0.9 

Fireplace** EQUIPM = 9 

FUELHEAT = 1 or 2 

HEATOTH = 0 

FUELUSE > 0 

Natural Gas 4 0.1 

LPG 6 0.2 

Secondary Equipment 

Wall 

Fan/Gravity 

PIPELESS = 1 

PIPEFUEL = 1 or 2 

FUELUSE > 0 

Natural Gas 3 0.1 

LPG 3 0.1 

Room Heater* ROOMHEAT = 1 

RMHTFUEL = 1 or 2 

FUELUSE > 0 

Natural Gas 21 0.5 

LPG 23 0.6 

Fireplace CHIMNEY = 1 

FPFUEL = 1 or 2 

NGFPFLUE = 1 or 9 

FUELUSE > 0 

Natural Gas 93 2.3 

LPG 18 0.5 

* Includes three households which have both primary and secondary room heaters. For simplicity only the main
 

heater is used in this analysis.
 

**All households with the exception of two have thermostats.
 

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Table 7-A.2.4 List of RECS 2005 Variables Used in Direct Heating Equipment
 

Variable Description 

Location Variables 

REGIONC Census region 

DIVISION Census division 

LRGSTATE Large state designation 

LRG+DIV* Combined large state (LRGSTATE) and census division 

(DIVISION) 

CD65 Cooling degree-days to base 65, 1-04 TO 12-04 

HD65 Heating degree-days to base 65, 1-04 TO 12-04 

Household Characteristics Variables 

DOEID DOE 4-digit identification number 

NWEIGHT Final weight 

YEARMADE Year residence built 

EQUIPAGE Approximate age of household’s main heating system 

EQUIPM Primary heating equipment 

SENIORS Number of household members between the ages of 65 and 95 

NHSLDMEM Number of household members 

FUELUSE* Primary or secondary DHE energy consumption 

FUEL TYPE* Primary or secondary DHE fuel type 

SECONDARY EQP TYPE* Is household DHE primary or secondary heating equipment? 

ADJUSTMENT NEEDED?* Energy adjustment required for household with secondary DHE? 

EQMAMT Amount of heat main heating equipment provides 

HEATOTH Does the main space heating equipment also heat other residences? 

NGFPFLUE Does the fireplace have a flue? 

FPFUEL Fireplace fuel 

ROOMHEAT Room heater used as secondary heating equipment 

RMHTFUEL Room heater fuel 

PIPELESS Pipeless furnace used as secondary heating equipment 

PIPEFUEL Pipeless furnace fuel 

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POOR100 Household is below 100 percent of poverty 

CHIMNEY Fireplace used as secondary heating equipment 

FUELHEAT Main fuel used for home heating 

* Not part of RECS 2005 variables. 

7-A.2.3 Pool Heaters 

The subset of records used to select a RECS household sample specific for pool heaters 

met all of the following criteria: 

1. Has a swimming pool, 

2. Used a pool heater, 

3. Used natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for pool heating, 

4. Heater provided heated pool water for only one housing unit. 

1, 2, 3, 4 The RECS 1993-2005 variables used to match the selection criteria are listed in 

Table 7-A.2.5. 

Table 7-A.2.5	 Criteria for Selection of Pool Heaters Household Sample (RECS 1993­

2005) 

By Fuel 

Type Selection Criteria # of Records # of US Households 

Represented (million) 

Natural Gas 

or LPG 

FUELPOOL = 1 or 2 

ADJUSTED FUEL USE > 0 

170 1.5 

All RECS 2005 variables extracted for pool heaters are listed in Table 7-A.2.6. 

Table 7-A.2.6	 List of RECS 2005 Variables Used for Pool Heaters 

Variable Description 

Location Variables 

REGIONC Census region 

DIVISION Census division 

LRGSTATE Large state designation 

LRG+DIV* Combined large state (LRGSTATE) and census division 

(DIVISION) 

CD65 Cooling degree-days to base 65, 1-04 TO 12-04 

HD65 Heating degree-days to base 65, 1-04 TO 12-04 

Household Characteristics Variables 

DOEID DOE 4-digit identification number 

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NWEIGHT Final weight 

TYPEHUQ Type of housing unit as report by respondent 

YEARMADE Year residence built 

SWIMPOOL Does residence have a swimming pool with filtering system? 

POOL Is the pool heated? 

FUELPOOL Pool heater fuel 

RECBATH Does the home have a heated hot tub or spa? 

FUELTUB Hot tub/spa fuel 

DRYRFUEL Clothes dryer fuel 

FUELFOOD Primary cooking fuel 

OTHER APPLIANCE TYPE* Assigns whether a household has either gas cooking or gas clothes 

dryer appliances 

BTUNGAPL Natural gas usage for appliances 

BTULPAPL LPG usage for appliances 

AVG. DRYER-COOKING USE Assigns average gas cooking and/or dryer consumption 

ADJUSTED FUEL USE Calculated Pool Heater energy use 

* Not part of RECS 1993-2005 variables. 

7-A.3 RECS 2005 DATABASE VARIABLE RESPONSE CODES 

Table 7-A.3.1 provides the response codes for all RECS 2005 variables used in the 

Heating Products samples. 

Table 7-A.3.1 Definitions of RECS 2005 Variables Used in Life-Cycle Cost Analysis 

Variable Definition 

Common Variables 

REGIONC Census region 

1 = Northeast 

2 = Midwest 

3 = South 

4 = West 

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DIVISION Census division 

1 = New England 

2 = Middle Atlantic 

3 = East North Central 

4 = West North Central 

5 = South Atlantic 

6 = East South Central 

7 = West South Central 

8 = Mountain 

9 = Pacific 

LRGSTATE Large state designation 

0 = Other 

1 = New York 

2 = California 

3 = Texas 

4 = Florida 

LRG+DIV* Combined large state (LRGSTATE) and census division 

(DIVISION) 

1 = New England 

2 = Middle Atlantic (not including New York) 

3 = East North Central 

4 = West North Central 

5 = South Atlantic (not including Florida) 

6 = East South Central 

7 = West South Central (not including Texas) 

8 = Mountain 

9 = Pacific (not including California) 

10 = New York 

11 = California 

13 = Texas 

14 = Florida 

CD65 Cooling degree-days to base 65, 1-04 TO 12-04 

HD65 Heating degree-days to base 65, 1-04 TO 12-04 

DOEID DOE 4-digit identification number 

TYPEHUQ Respondents reported type of home 

1 = Mobile Home 

2 = Single-family detached 

3 = Single-family attached 

4 = Apartment building with 2-4 units 

5 = Apartment building with 5 or more units 

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YEARMADE Year home built 

1 = Before 1940 

2 = 1940-49 

3 = 1950-59 

4 = 1960-69 

5 = 1970-79 

6 = 1980-84 

7 = 1985-89 

8 = 1990-94 

9 = 1995-99 

10 = 2000-2002 

11 = 2003 

12 = 2004 

13 = 2005 

NWEIGHT Final weight 

Sample Variables (Alphabetical) 

ADJUSTMENTNEEDED* Adjustment for secondary heating equipment? 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

ADULTS* Number of household members between the ages of 14 and 64 

ATHOME Is there a household member at home all day on a typical 

weekday? 1 = Yes 

0 = No 

AVG DRYER – COOKING USE Subtracts cooking use to get accurate dryer energy use. 

BASECOOL Basement air conditioned during summer months 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

BASEHEAT Basement/crawl Space heated 

1 = All 

2 = Part 

0 = None 

9 = Skip 

BTULPAPL LPG appliance use estimated (thousands of BTU) 

9999999=Not Applicable 

BTULPSPH LPG space heating use estimated (thousands of BTU) 

9999999=Not Applicable 

BTUNGAPL Natural appliance use estimated (thousands of BTU) 

9999999=Not Applicable 

BTUNGSPH Natural gas space heating use estimated (thousands of BTU) 

9999999=Not Applicable 

CELLAR Home has a basement 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

CHIMNEY Fireplace used as secondary heating equipment 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

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CRAWL Home has a crawl space 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

CWASHER Use a clothes washer in home? 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

DISHWASH Use an automatic dishwasher in home? 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

DRYRFUEL Clothes dryer fuel 

1 = Natural gas from underground pipes 

2 = Bottled Gas (LPG or Propane) 

5 = Electricity 

99 = No Answer/Not Applicable 

EQMAMT How much heat main heating equipment provides 

1 = Almost all 

2 = About three-fourths 

3 = Closer to half 

9 = Skip 

EQUIPAGE Age of main heating equipment 

1 = Less than 2 years old 

2 = 2 to 4 years old 

3 = 5 to 9 years old 

4 = 10 to 19 years old 

5 = 20 years or older 

6 = Don't know 

9 = Skip 

EQUIPM Type of heating equipment provides the heat 

4 = Heat pump 

3 = Central warm-air furnace with ducts 

2 = Steam/hot water system with radiators 

5 = Built-in electric units installed in walls 

6 = Built-in floor/wall pipeless furnace 

7 = Built-in heater burning gas, oil, kerosene 

8 = Heating stove burning wood, coal, coke 

10 = Portable electric heaters 

11 = Portable kerosene heaters 

9 = Fireplace 

12 = Cooking stove used to heat and cook 

14 = Geothermal heat pump 

21 = Equipment not listed 

00 = No heating equipment used 

FOPAY Who pays fuel oil 

1 = Household pays 

2 = Rent/Fee 

3 = Other 

9 = Skip 

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FPFUEL Fireplace fuel 

1 = Natural gas from underground pipes 

2 = Bottled gas (LPG or propane) 

7 = Wood 

21 = Other 

99 = Skip 

FUELTYPE* Type of heating fuel used 

FUELFOOD Cooking fuel 

1 = Natural gas from underground pipes 

2 = Bottled gas (LPG or propane) 

5 = Electricity 

21 = Other 

99 = Skip 

FUELH2O Fuel used for heating water 

1 = Natural gas from underground pipes 

2 = Bottled gas (LPG or propane) 

3 = Fuel oil 

4 = Kerosene 

5 = Electricity 

7 = Wood 

8 = Solar 

21 = Other 

95 = Don’t use hot water 

FUELHEAT Main fuel used for heating home 

1 = Natural gas from underground pipes 

2 = Bottled gas (LPG or propane) 

3 = Fuel oil 

4 = Kerosene 

5 = Electricity 

7 = Wood 

8 = Solar 

9 = District steam 

10 = Coal 

21 = Other 

99 = Don’t heat home 

FUELPOOL Fuel used most often to heat pool water 

1 = Natural gas from underground pipes 

2 = Bottled Gas (LPG or Propane) 

5 = Electricity 

8 = Solar 

99 = No Answer/Not Applicable 

FUELTUB Fuel used most often to heat spa/hot tub water 

1 = Natural gas from underground pipes 

2 = Bottled Gas (LPG or Propane) 

3 = Fuel oil 

5 = Electricity 

8 = Solar 

21 = Other 

99 = Skip 

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FUELUSE* Total fuel use 

HEATOTH Does the main space heating equipment also heat other residences? 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

LPGPAY Who pays for bottled gas 

1 = Household pays 

2 = Rent/Fee 

3 = Other 

9 = Skip 

NCOMBATH Number of Complete Baths/full bathrooms 

NGFPFLUEFUELH2O Does the fireplace have a flue? 

1 = Flue to the outside 

2 = Flueless 

9 = Skip 

NHSLDMEM Number of household members (1-15) 

OTHERAPPLIANCETYPE* Other household appliance type 

PELHOTWA Who pays electricity for hot water 

1 = Household pays 

2 = Rent/fee 

3 = Other 

9 = Skip 

PGASHTWA Who pays natural gas for hot water 

1 = Household pays 

2 = Rent/fee 

3 = Other 

9 = Skip 

PIPEFUEL What fuel used in secondary pipelines furnace 

1 = Natural gas from underground pipes 

2 = Bottled gas (LPG or propane) 

4 = Kerosene 

5 = Electricity 

7 = Wood 

21 = Other 

99 = Skip 

PIPELESS Pipeless furnace used as secondary heating equipment 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

POOL Is the pool heated? 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

POOR100 Household is below 100 percent of poverty 

PRESCHOOLCHILDREN* Number of household members between the ages of 0 and 5 

PRKGPLC1 Home has Garage or Carport 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

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RECBATH Does your home have a heated hot tub, spa 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

RMHTFUEL What fuel used in secondary room heater 

1 = Natural gas from underground pipes 

2 = Bottled gas (LPG or propane) 

3 = Fuel oil 

4 = Kerosene 

99 = Skip 

ROOMHEAT Secondary Heating Equipment Built-in room heater burning 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

SCHOOLCHILDREN* Number of household members between the ages of 6 and 13 

SECONDARYEQPTYPE* Secondary heating equipment type 

SENIORS* Number of household members between the ages of 65 and 95 

SWIMPOOL Does residence have a swimming pool with filtering system? 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = Skip 

TEMPGONE Winter household temperature during the day when no one is 

home 40-94 = degrees Fahrenheit 

95 = Heat turned off 

96 = Don't know 

97 = Did not live in unit last winter 

99 = Skip 

TEMPHOME Winter household temperature during the day when someone is 

home 

40-94 = Temp when someone home 

95 = Heat turned off 

96 = Don't know 

97 = Did not live in unit last winter 

99 = Skip 

TEMPNITE Winter household temperature during sleeping hours 

40-94 = Night temp 

95 = Heat turned off 

96 = Don't know 

97 = Did not live in unit last winter 

99 = No Answer/Not Applicable 

WEATHERLOCATIONCODE* Added to link to weather data (See App. 7-D) 

WELLPUMP Electric pump for well water 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

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WHEATAGE How old is your household's main water heater 

0 = No separate water heater 

1 = Less than 2 years old 

2 = 2 to 4 years old 

3 = 5 to 9 years old 

4 = 10 to 19 years old 

5 = 20 years or older 

6 = Don't know 

9 = Don’t use hot water 

WHEATOTH Main equipment also heat water for apartments 

1 = Yes 

0 = No 

9 = No Answer/Not Applicable Don’t use hot water 

WHEATSIZ Size of household's main water heater tank 

0 = Don’t have a separate water heater 

1 = Small (30 gallons or less) 

2 = Medium (31 to 49 gallons) 

3 = Large (50 gallons or more) 

5 = Two separate water heaters 

6 = Have a tankless water heater 

0 = Don't have a separate water heater 

6 = Don't know 

9 = No Answer/Not Applicable Don’t use hot water 

* Not part of RECS 2005 variables. 

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REFERENCES
 

1.	 U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy 

Consumption Survey: 2005 Public Use Data Files, 2005. 

<http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/recspubuse05/pubuse05.html> 

2.	 U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy 

Consumption Survey: 2001 Public Use Data Files, 2001. 

<http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/recs2001/publicuse2001.html> 

3.	 U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy 

Consumption Survey: 1997 Public Use Data Files, 1997. 

<http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/public.html> 

4.	 U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Information Administration, Residential Energy 

Consumption Survey: 1993 Public Use Data Files 1993. 

<http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/recs/93publicuse.html> 

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