# EPRI

Electric Power Research Institute

Leadership m SCience and Technology FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE



### CONTACT: Deborah Clark, EPRI, (415) 855-2169 or (415) 855- 2413 David Shuford, Crispaire, (404) 458-6643

NEW WATER HEATER OFFERS MAJOR ADVANCE IN COSTI 

### ENERGY EFFICIENCY, AND PERFORMANCE Palo Alto, Calif.

- Oct. 18, 1993

-- The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and Crispaire Corp., Atlanta, have developed an advanced heat pump water heater (HPWH) that is more efficient, less costly, and easier to install than conventional models. The unit, designed for residential and small commercial applications, is now available from Crispaire under the E-Tech brand name. The new unit can reduce customers' water heating bills by as much as onehalf to two-thirds and can heat 200-300 gallons ofwater per day

-- far more than the average 64.3 gallons used by residential customers. This substantial gain in efficiency is achieved because heat pump water heaters use simple refrigeration technology (vapor compression) to heat water by absorbing heat from the air. Conventional fossil-fired or electric resistance water heaters employ a gas flame or hot electric element which do not use energy as effectively. In 

### addition, heat pump water heaters can help utilities reduce peak electrical demand, and can provide free auxiliary cooling and dehumidification. ''The EPRI/E-Tech heat pump water heater represents a major advancement on 

## all fronts," says Dr. Carl Hiller, EPRI's project manager in charge ofnew product's development. ''This system can be used with any (more)

Headquarters: 3412 Hillview Avenue, Post Office Box 10412, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA. (415) 855·2000. Telex: 82977 EPAI UF • Fax: (415) 855-2954 Washington Office: 1019 Nineteenth Street, NW, Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20036, USA • (202) 872-9222 • Fax: (202) 296-5436 

# EPRI

Electric Power Research Institute

Leadership In SCience and Technology FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE



### CONTACT: Deborah Clark, EPRI, (415) 855-2169 or (415) 855- 2413 David Shuford, Crispaire, (404) 458-6643

NEWWATER HEATER OFFERS MAJOR ADVANCE IN COSTI 

### ENERGY EFFICIENCY, AND PERFORMANCE Palo Alto, Calif.

- Oct. 18, 1993

-- The Electric PowerResearch Institute (EPRI) and Crispaire Corp., Atlanta, have developed an advanced heatpump water heater (HPWH) that is more efficient, less costly, and easier to install than conventional models. The unit, designed for residential and small commercial applications, is now available from Crispaire under the E-Techbrand name. The new unit can reduce customers' water heatingbills by as much as onehalf to two-thirds and can heat 200-300 gallons ofwaterper day

-- far more than the average 64.3 gallons usedbyresidential customers. This substantial gain in efficiency is achieved because heatpump water heaters use simplerefrigeration technology (vapor compression) to heat waterby absorbing heatfrom the air. Conventional fossil-fired orelectric resistance water heaters employ a gas flame orhot electric elementwhich do not use energy as effectively. In

### addition,heatpump waterheaters can help utilities reduce peak electrical demand, and can provide free auxiliary cooling and dehumidification. ''The EPRI/E-Tech heatpump waterheater represents a major advancementon 

## all fronts," says Dr. Carl Hiller, EPRI's project managerin charge ofnew product's development. ''This system canbeused with any (more)

Headquarters: 3412 Hillview Avenue, Post Office Box 10412, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA. (415) 855-2000. Telex: 82977 EPAI UF • Fax: (415) 855·2954 Washington Office: 1019 Nineteenth Street, NW, Suite 1000, Washington, DC 20036, USA • (202) 872·9222 • Fax: (202) 296·5436

# · ,



## NEW HEAT PUMP WATER HEATER 2-2-2-2



## electric water heater, and significant cost reductions and flexibility have been achieved by reducing the size and weight ofthe unit." The E-Tech HPWH is about one-third the size ofthe next smallest HPWH, and about halfthe weight. "This product has undergone extensive laboratory and field testing under extreme conditions, and is expected to perform with refrigerator-like reliability," says David Shuford, vice president ofsales and marketing at Crispaire. Flexibility is enhanced by a ductable fan that allows the unit to take advantage ofwaste heat from laundry rooms, kitchens, or attics to provide additional efficiency in heating water because ofthe higher temperature ofthese heat sources. The unit can also provide ventilation. Crispaire Corporation is the country's largest manufacturer ofheat pump water heaters. For additional information on the E-tech HPWH, contact David Shuford, Crispaire, at (404) 458-6643. 

## Cost is projected to be 

## about $395 

## once in volume production. Until volume reaches mass-production levels, the price will be somewhat higher. The initial market introduction price is $595. 

## EPRI, founded in 1972, 

## manages technical research and development programs for the U.S. electric utility industry to improve power production, distribution, and 

## use. Some 700 

## utilities are members ofthe Institute. # # ,


## Color slides for media use are available by contacting Deborah Clark, EPRI, (415) 

### 855-2169 

## or (415) 855-2733. 

# · ,



### NEW HEAT PUMP WATER HEATER 2-2-2-2



### electric water heater, and significant costreductions and flexibility havebeen achieved by reducing the size and weight ofthe unit." The E-Tech HPWHis about one-third the size ofthe next smallest HPWH, and about half the weight. "This producthas undergone extensive laboratory and field testing under extreme conditions, and is expected to perform withrefrigerator-like reliability," says David Shuford, vice presidentof sales and marketing at Crispaire. Flexibility is enhancedby a ductable fan that allows the unit to take advantage ofwaste heatfrom laundryrooms, kitchens, or attics to provide additional efficiency inheating waterbecause ofthe higher temperature ofthese heat sources
. The unit can also provide ventilation. Crispaire Corporation is the country's largestmanufacturer ofheatpump waterheaters. For additional information on the E-tech HPWH, contact David Shuford, Crispaire, at (404) 458-6643. 

### Costis projected tobe about $395 

### once in volume production

. Until volume reaches mass-production levels, the price will be somewhathigher. The initial marketintroductionprice is $595. 

### EPRI, founded in 1972, 

### manages technical research and development programs for the U.S. electric utility industry to improve power production, distribution, and use. Some 700 

### utilities are members ofthe Institute. # # 

### #



### Color slides for media use are available by contacting Deborah Clark, EPRI, (415) 855-2169 

### or (415) 855-2733.

### , 

# ,

FEATURES OF THE NEW EPRIIE-TECH HEAT PUMP WATER HEATER 

## 1. Small size (10 x 12 x 15 in.), about one-third the size ofthe smallest existing HPWH.
2. Light weight (45 lb compared with 82 lb for smallest existing HPWH).
3. Light and rugged enough to ship by common carrier such as UPS.
4. Much lower first cost than existing HPWHs (initially $595, approx. $395 in quantity production).
5. Much easier to install than existing HPWHs, and can be 

## used with any electric water heater.
6. More than adequate heating capability (200-300 gallday, nominally 10 gal/hour).
7. Higher efficiency than existing HPWHs (energy factor 2.6 compared to 1.5-2.0 for existing units, 0.76-0.97 for resistance water heaters, and 0.50- 0.72 for fossil-fired water heaters).
8. Extremely high, "refrigerator-like" reliability.
9. Diversified electrical load never more than about 500 watts. 10. Ductable air flow significantly enhances application flexibility (e.g., suitable for utility closet installations, allows better use or disposal ofcooling output, allows heat source enhancement such as use of attic air, allows use for ventilation).
11. Nominal cooling output 4000 Btu/h, with significant dehumidification ability.
12. Expanded source-air operating temperature range (35-100o

## F vs. 45-90°F for most existing units). Automatic switch-back to resistance elements below 35°F air 

## temperatures. 13. Automatic passive defrost capability allows use ofoutside air 

## as heat source in many areas if 

## desired.
14. Maximum water temperature 135°F.
15. Available initially in 230 V, eventually also in 110 V. , 

# ,

FEATURES OFTHE NEWEPRIIE-TECH HEAT PUMP WATER HEATER 

## 1. Small size (10 x 12 x 15 in.), aboutone-third the size ofthe smallest existing HPWH.
2. Light weight (45 lb compared with 82 lb for smallest existing HPWH).
3. Light and rugged enough to shipby common carrier such as UPS.
4. Much lower first cost than existing HPWHs (initially $595, approx. $395 in quantity production).
5. Much easier to install than existing HPWHs, and canbe 

## used with any electric water heater.
6. More than adequate heating capability (200-300 gallday, nominally 10 gal/hour).
7. Higher efficiency than existing HPWHs (energy factor 2.6 compared to 1.5-2.0 for existing units, 0.76-0.97 for resistance water heaters, and 0.50- 0.72 for fossil-fired waterheaters).
8. Extremely high, "refrigerator-like" reliability.
9. Diversified electrical load never more than about 500 watts. 10. Ductable air flow significantly enhances application flexibility (e.g., suitable for utility closet installations, allows better use or disposal ofcooling output, allows heat source enhancement such as use of attic air, allows use for ventilation).
11. Nominal cooling output4000 Btu/h, with significant dehumidification ability.
12. Expanded source-air operating temperature range (35-100o

## F vs. 45-90°F for most existing units). Automatic switch-back to resistance elements below 35°F air 

## temperatures. 13. Automaticpassive defrost capability allows use ofoutside air 

## as heat source in many areas if

## desired.
14. Maximum water temperature 135°F.
15. Available initially in 230 V, eventually also in 110 V.

# EPRI

Fall 1993 

# Electric\!\ater HeatingNews

Vol. 6, No.3


# EPRI/E-Tech Heat Pump Water Heater Sets New Standards for Efficiency, Cost, and Performance

The new HPWH can be connected to a conventional waleI' hl'(lI,'" III l/il"'" ways: by means of a "T" in the tank's cold water inlel lil/I' (1,'liJ, hy" i'II(/X;fI! drain fitting (middle), or by specialfittings that allow ('(111I1'//1'1 ((lI/I",(u/1 mounting (right), EPRI and Crispaire Corp., the country's largest manufacturer of heat pump water heaters (HPWHs) under the E-Tech brand name, have developed an innovative residential! small commercial HPWH that is more eflicient, less costly, and easier to install than conventional models and has many other enhanced features (see sidebar, page 2). The new unit makes its market debut in October. HPWHs are more efficient than conventional electric or fossil-fired water heaters, making them attractive 

### to customers for reducing operating costs. Moreover, their excellent electrical demand characteristics make them a potent demand-side management technology for utilitiesa win-win situation. To date, however, HPWHs have seen limited use because they have higher first costs than conventional water heating systems, and they are an unfamiliar technology to installers, potential users, and utilities. The EPRIIE-Tech unit was developed to overcome most barriers to widespread acceptance. "The EPRIIE-Tech heat pump water heater represents a major advancement on all fronts," says Dr. Carl Hiller, EPRI's project manager in charge ofthe new product's development. For example, very significant firstcost reductions and increases in applications flexibility and ease have been achieved by**redll('in~:** till'

....iz,', weight, and heating cnpncily of 1.111' unit. Existing HPWHH (inde/'d, 

### 1111 conventional water IWIll.,·rH) IIIIV,' heating rates subHl.Hnl.illlly IlIrw'I' than they need t.o be l.o Hl'rV" n'l'dd"II' tial and small comnH'ITillljonrll'l, ''With the aid ofWATSIM, 

### ";1 'HI'" detailed water heating HilllllJlltion
(CUI/IIIII/.,,, '/1/ /),2) 

### EPRI Heat Pump Water Heater Applications Research Field Test

EPRI, in conjunction with participating member utilities, is initiating
an extensive, well-instrumented field test ofheat pump water heaters (HPWHs) and resistance water heaters in a large number ofdifferent applications configurations, The purpose ofthe test is to identify, f()I' various geographic locations, uses and applications techniques that enhance overall performance and economics of' electl'ic water heating in general and HPWHs in particular. Since the new EPRIIE-Tech HPWH has expanded features and capabilities not found in most other HPWHs (see article above), it has been chosen as the HPWH to be used in the test. Up to 100 HPWHs will be tested, the exact number depending
on the level ofutility participation. Although the new EPRIIE-Tech unit has been selected for the test, many of' the conclusions should be equally valid for other makes 111111 IIlod,·IM of HPWHs. Because the teHt Hil

..,.. wtll P\ll'iOlli· cally switch back to slr

.. il>:111 1'\'1l1';' tance water healing fiJI' !'Olll PII 1'1 fi III 1 and calibration purpo/<I'H, lillII'll Ill/i,I" mation will also he providl'd 111>0111 innovative applicnLiollM II lid 1'01)11'01,,,' resistance watfl!' Iwnlt'n, Ultimately, illfill'lllllt lOll frolll !.lit' test will be used to prodll!'l' ,mlll'll\'IHI ("(JIlI/nll/'1! 0/1 I), -Ii 

# EPRI 

# ElectricWiter HeatingNews

Fall 1993 Vol. 6, No.3


# EPRI/E-Tech Heat Pump Water Heater Sets New Standards for Efficiency, Cost, and Performance

EPRI and Crispaire Corp., the country's largest manufacturer of heat pump water heaters (HPWHs) under the E-Tech brand name, have developed an innovative residential!
small commercial HPWH that is more efficient, less costly, and easier to install than conventional models and has many other enhanced features (see sidebar, page 2)

. The new unit makes its market debut in October. HPWHs are more efficient than conventional electric or fossil-fired water heaters, making them attractive 

### to customers for reducing operating costs. Moreover, their excellent electrical demand characteristics make them a potent demand-side management technology for utilitiesa win-win situation. To date, however, HPWHs have seen limited use because they have higher first costs than conventional water heating systems, and they are an unfamiliar technology to installers, potential users, and utilities. The EPRIIE-Tech unit was developed to overcome most barriers to widespread acceptance. The new HPWH can be connected to a conventional waler/H'o/, ',. 111 (111"1 '" ways: by means of a "T" in the tank's cold water inlet lillI' (1.'liJ, h y {f "llfIX;,,1 drainfitting (middle), or by specialfittings that allow COlli/Iud (ulIl

.. IIJ/I mounting (right)

.
"The EPRIIE-Tech heat pump water heater represents a major advancement on all fronts," says Dr. Carl Hiller, EPRI's project manager in charge ofthe new product's development

. For example, very significant firstcost reductions and increases in applications flexibility and ease have been achieved by**redll(' ill~(**  tllC' H iz. ', weight, and heating cnpllcity 

### 01' 1111 ' unit. Existing HPWHH (indl'l'd, 1111 conventional water IWIlI./·I'H ) IIIIVI' heatingrates subHtnnt.illily IIIrw'r than they need to hI' 1.0 H"I'V,' r('!'Iid"II " tial and small comnH'ITinllonri)4, ''Wit h the aid ofWATSIM ,**I'HI' "**  detailed water heating Hilllll) Utillll (cIlI/IIII/I, '" 11 11 II, 

## :.n EPRI Heat Pump Water Heater Applications Research Field Test

EPRI, in conjunction with participating member utilities, is initiating an extensive, well-instrumented field test ofheat pump water heaters (HPWHs) and resistance water heat

ers in a large number ofdifferent applications configurations. The purpose ofthe test is to identify, f()!· various geographic locations, uses and applications techniques that enhance overall performance and economics of electric water heating in general and HPWHs in particular. Since the new EPRIIE-Tech HPWH has expanded features and capabilities not found in most other HPWHs (see article above), ithas been chosen as the HPWH to be used in the test. Up to 100 HPWHs will be tested, the exact number depending
on the level ofutility participation. Although the new EPRIIE-Tech unit has been selected for the test, many of" the conclusions should be equally valid for other makes IIl1d IIl0lil'l l'! 

## or HPWHs. Because the tesL H itl'tl wtll PI ' I'IIII II ' cally switch back 1.0 sll"ilil<: llt l 'l'ti l » - tance water heaLing fiJI ' \,1JI 1I1 )itf' l fi lill and calibration PUI'POH I')-I, 11 1111'11 Ill/ill'- mation will also 1)(' providpd /l hmll innovative applicill.iollK

## ,",,1 ('onll'llill!' resistance water IWlIt"n<, Ultimately, infill'lllnt illil ('mIll IIII' test will be used t.o pmdll !'p 11ll11l'!I"IHI ("(jIlI/fllIl ·d 1111 I ), ,I I

### Features of the New EPRVE-Tech Heat Pump Water Heater 1. Small size (10 x 12 x 15 in.), 9. Diversified electrical load never about one-third the size ofthe more than about 500 W, even with smallest existing HPWH. the quick recovery option installed. 2. Light weight (451b compared 10. Ductable airflow significantly enwith 82lb for smallest existing hances applit;ationflexibility(e<g.,**HPwm.suitabl~** 

### for utilityclosetinstalla3. Light and rugged enough to ship tions, allows 6etteinseor'gisposal by common carrier such as UPS. 

### ofcooling output, allows**h~at·source** 

### 4. Much lower first cost than exist- enhancement such as use 

# ofattic ing HPWHs (approximately $395 air, 

### allows use for ventilation). when in quantity production 11.**Nominall;oo~,'()!J.tput4()Q9** 

### ,'" versus $75(44000 for existmg Btu/h, With sigllificantdelll1rnidimodels, most having**lessercapa~ fication~bllity..**  

### •'" , •••...• <\ 

### bilities). 12. Expanded source-air operating 5. Much easier to installthan exist-**teInpe7f~eran.ge(35--~Q()~JY** 

### ing HPWHs,· and cfiIl l>e-used

### v~rsu~'~2?9W)F'forIl1ost~~~t~~**withanyelectR~~~~rh.ell~r, llIrits)'i~!J.toInati<:s\Vit()lJ.~~a.~ltt6**  6. Morethan adequa1e·heating

### resist~~faele'll1ents below 35?F' capability (200-300gal/day, air

### tem~rature§., ..• , ..•,'.'. nomirially 10 gaWour):., 13. Automatic passiyedefrostcapabil7. Higher efficiency thariexisting ity allows useofoutsideror as heat remote-type HPWHs (estimated source

## in many areasifdesired. energy factor 2.4 compared with 14. Maximum water temperatlrre 1.5--2.0 for existing units and 135°F. 0.76-0.97 for resistance water 15. Available initiallyin 230 V, eventuheaters). ally also in 110 V. 8. Extremely high, "refrigeratorlike" reliability. 

### (EPRIIE-TECH continuedfrom p. 1)


### model, we were able to determine minimum necessary HPWH size and required control strategies to avoid hot water runouts while using smaller heating rates," says Dr. Hiller. The new unit can heat 200-300 gal of water per day, far more than the average 64.3 gal used by residential customers. The new HPWH can be connected to a conventional electric water heater tank in three ways. The basic mounting configuration is to connect the HPWH between a "T" in the cold water inlet line to the tank and the tank's drain valve. Water heating installations can be made "heat pump ready" by adding this "T" when the tank is installed. The second mounting configuration uses an optional coaxial tank drain fitting that allows addition ofthe HPWH to existing tanks with no piping modifications. The third mounting configuration uses special optional fittings connected to the tank hot and cold water ports, allowing compact tank-top mounting. The unit is small enough (10 x 12 x 15 in.) to fit on halfofthe top ofa typical water heater tank. ''The factory-direct sales price for the base unit is expected to be approximately $395 when sales reach true mass-production levels;" says David Shuford, vice president ofsales and marketing for Crispaire Corp. Even lower prices would be available for bulk purchases. Until the sales volume reaches mass-production levels, the sales price will be somewhat higher. Says Shuford, "The initial market introduction price for the base unit in single factory-direct sales is $595." The optional coaxial drain connection kit sells for $18. The optional tank-top mount kit sells for $36. Also available for use on smaller tanks, or with large hot water loads, is an optional "quick recovery" kit that enables the tank's upper resistance element ifthe tank is nearly out of hot water. The quick recovery kit is recommended on 50-gal or smaller tanks serving large loads, such as large families or families having one or more "voluminous" hot water users. Price for the quick recovery kit is expected to be about $40. 2 

### The EPRIIE-Tech unit's small size, light weight, and readily accessible plumbing and electrical connections make it much easier to install than conventional HPWHs. Rugged design combined with small size and light weight allow the unit to be shipped by low-cost common carrier such as UPS, thus allowing factory-direct sales in areas where dealers do not yet exist. The unit offers very attractive paybacks compared with resistance water heaters (typically a 2- to 6-year simple payback). Operating costs are comparable to, and in some cases substantially less than, fossil-fired water heating alternatives, even without taking credit for the free air conditioning and dehumidification provided-and without taking advantage ofheat source enhancement or ventilation opportunities. If

### given a preferential electric rate similar to off-peak water heater operation (the HPWH can also be operated offpeak), operating costs will be lower than conventional fossil water heating alternatives in almost all cases. The unit's ductable fan allows substantially enhanced applications opportunities that can dramatically improve the overall economics ofthe installation. For example, the unit can be used for tight building ventilation. The unit can also take advantage of waste heat opportunities, such as from laundry rooms and kitchens, or use attic air as the heat source. The unit's ductability also allows better use or disposal ofthe cooling and dehumidification by-product and allows installation in utility closets. The expanded air-source operating temperature range ofthe new HPWH (35-100°F versus 45-90°F for existing HPWHs), combined with its ductability, and automatic switch-over to resistance heat below 35°F air temperature, allow the unit to use outside air as the heat source in many areas. This feature also provides passive defrost capability, To prevent freezing, the HPWH itselfshould be located where temperatures never drop below 45°F. Ofparticular interest to electric utilities are the unit's diversified electrical demand characteristics. The EPRIIE-Tech HPWH offers diversified 

### (continued on p, 

### 3) (EPRIIE-TECH continuedfrom p. 1)
model, we were able to determine minimum necessary HPWH size and required control strategies to avoid hot water nmouts while using smaller heatingrates," says Dr

. Hiller

. The new unit canheat 200-300 gal of water per day, far more than the average 64.3 gal used by residential customers. The new HPWH canbe connected to a conventional electric water heater tank in three ways. The basic mounting configuration is to connect the HPWH between a "T" in the cold water inlet line to the tank and the tank's drain valve. Water heating installations canbe made "heatpump ready" by adding this "T" when the tank is installed. The second mounting configuration uses an optional coaxial tank drain fitting that allows addition ofthe HPWH to existing tanks with no pipingmodifications. The third mounting configuration
uses special optional fittings connected to the tank hot and cold water ports, allowing compact tank-top mounting. The unit is small enough (10 x 12 x 15 in.) to fit on halfofthe top ofa typical water heater tank.

''Thefactory-direct sales price for the base unit is expected to be approximately $395 when sales reach true mass-production levels;" says David Shuford, vice president ofsales and marketing for Crispaire Corp. Even lower prices would be available for bulkpurchases. Until the sales volume reaches mass
-production levels, the sales price will be somewhat higher

. Says Shuford, "The initial market introduction price for the base unit in single factory-direct sales is $595 ." The optional coaxial drain connection kit sells for $18. The optional tank-top mount kit sells for $36

. Also available for use on smaller tanks, or with large hot water loads, is an optional "quick recovery" kit that enables the tank's upper resistance elementifthe tank is nearly out of hot water. The quick recovery kit is recommended on 50-gal or smaller tanks serving large loads, such as lar ge families or families having one or more "voluminous" hot water users. Price for the quick recovery kit is expected to be about $40. 2 

### Features of the New EPRIIE-Tech Heat Pump Water Heater 1

. Small size (10 x 12 x 15 in.), about one-third the size ofthe smallestexisting HPWH. 2. Light weight (45 lb compared with 82 lb for smallest existing HPWH). 3. Light and rugged enough to ship by common carrier such as UPS. 4. Much lower first costthan**exist~** ing HPWHs (approximately $395 when in quantity production versus $750-$4000 for existing models, most having lessercapabilities). 5; Much easierto**instcdlt~an** existing HPWHs,

.**andc~~e}lsed withanyelectric~~ter** **lle~~r,** 6: Morethan adequateheatirig

.. capability (200-30dgallday; nominally 10 gallliour). 7. Higher efficiency thariexisting remote-type HPWHs (estimated energy factor 2.4 compared with 1.5-2.0 for existingunits and 0.76-0.97 for resistance water heaters)

. 8

. Extremely high, "refrigeratorlike" reliability.

The EPRIIE-Tech unit's small size, lightweight, and readily accessible plumbing and electrical connections make it much easier to install than conventional HPWHs. Rugged design combined with small size and light weight allow the unit to be shipped by low-cost common carrier such as UPS, thus allowing factory-direct sales in areas where dealers do not yet exist. The unit offers very attractive paybacks compared with resistance water heaters (typically a 2- to 6-year simple payback)

. Operating costs are comparable to, and in some cases substantiallyless than, fossil-fired water heating alternatives, even without taking creditfor the free air conditioning and dehumidification provided-and without taking advantage ofheat source enhancement
orventilation opportunities

. Ifgiven
a preferential electric rate similarto off-peak water heater operation (the HPWH can also be operated offpeak), operating costs will be lower than conventional fossil water heating alternatives in almost all cases. The unit's ductable fan allows 9

. Diversified electrical load never more than about 500 W, even with the quickrecovery option installed. 10. Ductable airflow significantly enhances applitationflexibility (e.g
., suitable for utility closetinstallations, allows 1iettehise**or ~sposal**  ofcooling output, allows**h~a:t** source enhancement such as use

### ' ofattic air, allows use forventilation). 11. Nominal**~ooling ().Htput4QQP**  Btulh, With sigi"llficant deiiWnidification

..**~bility. ;**  . 12. Expandedsource-air operating**tempe ~turerange** (35-1,99'lF

..

### versu~**§0 99"F'forIllost~~~t~** **ll g** **units}, ·.** **Automaticswitch~back.to**

### resi~t~be elelIlentsbel()'\lV'

# 356 

# F air temperatures.

. ....<

. 13

.Automatic**pa:ssivedefrost apabil**  ity allows use ofoutsideafr**~s** heat source 

### inmany areas ifdesired

. 14. Maximum watertemperatUre 135°F. 15. Available initially in 230 V, eventually also in 110V.

substantially enhanced applications opportunities that can dramatically improve the overall economics ofthe installation. For example, the unit can be used for tightbuilding ventilation

. The unit can also take advantage of waste heat opportunities, such as from laundryrooms and kitchens, or use attic air as the heat source. The unit's ductability also allows better
use or disposal ofthe cooling and dehumidification by-product and allows installation in utility closets. The expanded air

-source operating temperature range ofthe new HPWH (35-100°F versus 45-90°F for existing HPWHs), combined with its ductability, and automatic switch-over to resistance heatbelow 35°F airtemperature, allow the unit

### to use outside air
as the heat source in many areas. This feature also provides passive defrost capability. To preventfreezing, the HPWH itselfshould be located where temperatures never drop below 45°F. Ofparticularinterestto electric utilities are the unit's diversified electrical demand characteristics. The EPRIIE-Tech HPWH offers diversified 

### (continued on

### p
. 3)

### (EPRI/E-TECH continued {rom p.;!) 

## Utilities Put WATSIM to Work

electrical demand that never exceeds 500 W, and it automatically shills 11 significant amount ofenergy consumption to off-peak hours because of' its smaller heating capacity. EPRI's WATSIM water heating simulation model can be used to analyze necessary tank sizing, desirable control strategies, and resultant energy consumption and electrical demand characteristics under any water draw, air temperature, and water temperature scenario. Under development for four years, the new unit has undergone extensive torture testing under extreme operating conditions, and it is expected to exhibit refrigerator-like reliability. Additionally, a number ofunits have been undergoing functional field testing for more than a year and have had no failures and required virtually
no maintenance other than occasional filter cleanings. In the unlikely event that operational problems do occur, a unit can easily be shipped back to the factory
or an authorized center for repair. The water heater can be operated as a conventional resistance water heater while the HPWH is being repaired. For technical infonnation contact Glen Robinson; for sales infonnation contact David Shuford, Crispaire Corp., 3570 American Drive, Atlanta, GA 30341, (404) 458-6643, or write Dr. Carl Hiller at EPRI.

WATSIM Training Offered in EPRI Seminars

Training on WATSIM is an integral part ofa traveling seminar on water heating electrotechnologies being offered by the Institute. In addition to an intensive, handson WATSIM training session, the seminar will include descriptions of more than 20 different water heating electrotechnologies and their limitations and benefits. Hardware exhibits will allow participants to examine equipment and design features. The seminars are available upon request to EPRI member utilities on a travel and shipping reimbursement basis. For more information write to Dr. Carl Hiller at EPRI. More and more electric utilities ;HTOSS the country are using WATSIM, EI'RJ's new water heating simulation model, !.o analyze and compare alternative water heating technologies and con!.rol :;trategies. WATSIM is a personal computer code that models virtually every water heating operating strategy and
configuration ofpotential interest to electric utilities. The software incorporates detailed water tank and heat input device models. It determines whether hot water runouts occur under any desired water draw scenario, giving users an effective tool for selecting adequate system heat in-puts, tank sizes, and control strategies. WATSIM also provides accurate energy and electrical demand analyses and is the only software available that determines diversified electrical demand as well as single-customer demand. "Electric utilities and their customers are very interested in the energy consumption, electrical demand, and operating cost characteristics ofalternative electric water heating technologies and control strategies," says Dr. Carl Hiller, EPRI project manager in charge ofthe code's development. ''Until recently this infonnation could be obtained only through extensive field tests. With WATSIM it is now possible to rapidly analyze and compare many alternatives." That's exactly what Alabama Power Co. (APCo) has been doing. APCo has considerable experience with WATSIM, having served as a beta test site for a prerelease version ofthe software. The utility estimates it saved initially some $6 million by usingWATSIM, instead offield tests, to examine some 100 water heating configurations and gauge their impact on the company's load factor and sales revenue (see 

### Electric Water Heating News, spring 1993, p. 1). APCo continues to use the code for
more analyses. The utility recently used WATSIM to help a building contractor properly

.size off-peak water heating systems for a residential subdivision. Using infonnation provided by WATSIM, APCo staffwere able to show the builder that his**propo~NI** Wflll'I' 111'111- ing scheme would (:lIIIMt' ,111 IlIllltTt.p!.- able number of'ho!.**wnl~'I'** I'IlnOlllfi, They then used WATSIM 01111'11110 suggest modificlltions thlll would make the system more l\('OIIOllli(:1I1 and energy-eflicient IIIHI Illi"llIli'l.p the chances ofhol waleI' 1'\.1110111.

... APCo has also used WATS 1M 10 analyze time-of-use ra\.(·s li.I' I'Pl{ldntory purposes. "WATSIM is valuahll' hp('IIIISI' it provides infonnation-lilH' pn·diding ronouts-that would be dillindt to obtain in any other way." HnyH Wilbur Johnson, senior engilH't'r

# 0" technical services at**AP(~I'.** Another WATSIM UHer. Tom Vnn Liew ofIdaho Power, is \lsil1g the software to model the perfi)J'lI1l1nn'

# 0" advanced water heating \'('('llIlologies-such as desuperheater water heaters, heat pump water hl'·II\'l'rs. and multifunction full-coll<h'nsing systems-under the weather conditions in Idaho Power's servicl' lIl'('H. With WATSIM, Van Liew expeds to develop load profiles and cost comparisons for alternative technologies in support ofIdaho Power's demandside management objectives. More than 60 utilities have received WATSIM to date. Utilily personnel interested in using WATSIM are encouraged to enroll in EPRl's water heating electrotechnologies seminar (see sidebar at left).

Electric Water Heating News is published quarterly by the Electric Power Research Institute. Subscriptions are free to EPRI members and can be obtained by contactinJ.: Dr. Carl C. Hiller, editor. Electric Watcr Heating News. EPRI. P.O. Box 10412, Palo Alto. CA 94303 Editor: Dr. Carl C. Hiller, EPRI Editorial Board members: Denver Collins, State Industries; Karl Johnson, EPR!; Arvo Lannus, EPRI; Preston Roberts, Pennsylvania Power and Light Company; Glen Robinson, Crispaire Corporation; Charlie Wall, Georgia Power Company © 1993, Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. (EPRl) Electric Power Research Institute and EPRI
are registered service marks ofthe Electric Power Research Institute, Inc

. 

### @ Printed with soya inks on recycled paper (50% recycled fiber, including 100/( postconsumer waste) in the United States ofAmerica.
3 

### (EPRIIE-TECH continued/"rom p. :2 ) 

## Utilities Put WATSIM to Work

electrical demand that never exceeds 500 W, and it automatically shifts 11 significant amount ofenergy consumption to off-peak hours**becaus( ~**  of' its smallerheating capacity. EPRI's WATSIM water heating simulation model canbe used to analyze necessary tank sizing, desirable control strategies, and resultant energy consumption and electrical demand characteristics under any water draw, air temperature, and water temperature scenario. Under development for four years, the new unit has undergone extensive torture testingunder extreme operating conditions, and itis expected to exhibit refrigerator-like reliability. Additionally, a number ofunits have been undergoing functional field testing for more than a year and have had no failures and required virtually
no maintenance other than occasional filter cleanings. In the unlikely event that operational problems do occur, a unit can easily be shippedback to the factory
or an authorized center for repair. The water heater can be operated as a conventional resistance water heater while the HPWH is beingrepaired. For technical information contact Glen Robinson; for sales information contact David Shuford, Crispaire Corp., 3570 American Drive, Atlanta, GA 30341, (404) 458-6643, orwrite Dr. Carl Hiller at EPRI.

WATSIM Training Offered in EPRI Seminars

Training on WATSIM is an integral partofa traveling seminar on water heating electrotechnologies being offered by the Institute. In addition to an intensive, hands

on WATSIM training session, the seminar will include descriptions of more than 20 different water heating electrotechnologies and their limitations and benefits. Hardware exhibits will allow participants to examine equipment and design features. The seminars are available upon request to EPRI member utilities on a travel and shipping reimbursement basis. For more information write to Dr. Carl Hiller at EPRI. More and more electric utilities ;HTIISS the country are usingWATSIM, EI'RI's new water heating simulation Inodel, 1.0 analyze and compare alternat.ive water heating technologies and control strategies. WATSIM is a personal computer code that models virtually every water heating operating strategy and
configuration ofpotentialinterest to electric utilities. The software incorporates detailed water tank and heat input device models. Itdetermines whether hot water runouts occur under any desired water draw scenario, giving users an effective tool for selecting adequate system heat in-puts, tank sizes, and control strategies. WATSIM also provides accurate energy and electrical demand analyses and is the only software available that determines diversified electrical demand as well as single-customer demand. "Electric utilities and their customers are very interestedin the energy consumption, electrical demand, and operatingcost characteristics ofalternative electric water heating technologies and control strategies," says Dr. Carl Hiller, EPRI project manager in charge ofthe code's development.

''Until recently this information could be obtained only through extensive field tests. With WATSIM it is now possible to rapidly analyze and compare many alternatives." That's exactly whatAlabama Power Co. (APCo) has been doing

. APCo has considerable experience with WATSIM, having served as a beta test site for a prerelease version ofthe software

. The utility estimates it saved initially some $6 million by usingWATSIM, instead offield tests, to examine some 100 waterheating configurations and gauge their impact on the company's load factor and sales revenue (see 

### Electric Water HeatingNews, spring 1993, p
. 1)

. APCo continues to use the code for
more analyses. The utility recentlyused WATSIM to help a building contractor properly

.size off-peak water heating systems for a residential subdivision. Using information provided byWATSIM, APCo staffwere able to show the builder that his Pl'opo" "d Willi',. 111'111

- ing scheme would (:/111 " " lin 1IIIIII'n'pl.

- able number ol'hol.**W/lI~ ,.** **llIlOlIl ~.**  They then used WATSIM oulplll to suggest modifications I.hlll. would make the system mort' 1 '('Ullomitlll and energy-eflicicnlllnd IIIInllllizl' the chances ofhol walcl' nJlHHlb

. APCo has also used WATSIM to analyze time-of-use ra\'\'s fill' n'l{ulll

tory purposes. "WATSIM is valuahll' 1,.,I·IIIIIiI· it provides information

- lil(I' pl'i,dict.illg runouts-that would be IIdrlnal\. 10 obtain in any other way." HII'yH Wilbur Johnson, senior engilll'l'l' 

## or technical services at APeo

. AnotherWATSIM USI!I', Tom Vall Liew ofIdaho Power, is lIsi Il g Ihe software to model the pel'fill'IIlHnc<' 

## or advanced water heating tl'('hllolo

gies-such as desuperheat.l'1' waleI' heaters, heatpump water hl'III.I'rs, and multifunction full-condl'nsing systems-under the weather conclitions in Idaho Power's servin' IIn'H. With WATSIM, Van Liew expt'ds 10 develop load profiles and cost comparisons for alternative techIlologil's in support ofIdaho Power's dcmandside management objectives. More than 60 utilities have I'l'- ceived WATSIM to date

. Utility personnel interested in using W A1'81M are encouraged to enroll in EPRI's water heatingelectrotechnologies seminar(see sidebar at left).

Electric Water Heating News is published quarterly by the Electric Power Research Institute. Subscriptions are free to EPR! members and can be obtained by contacting Dr

. Carl C. Hiller, editor, Electric Water Heating News, EPR! , P.O

. Box 10412, Palo Alto, CA 94303 Editor: Dr. Carl C

. Hiller, EPRI Editorial Board members: Denver Collins. State Industries; Karl Johnson, EPR!; Arvo Lannus, EPRI; Preston Roberts, Pennsylvania Power and Light Company: Glen Robinson, Crispaire Corporation ; Charlie Wall, Georgia Power Company © 1993. Electric Power Research Institute, Inc

. (EPRI) Electric Power Research Institute and EPR!
are registered service marks ofthe Electric Power Research Institute, Inc
. @ Printed with soya inks on recycled paper (50% recycled fiber,including 100/ ( postconsumer waste) in the United States ofAmerica.
3

### (EPRIHeat Pump Water HeaterApplications Research Field Test continuedfrom 

### p. 1)

electric water heating applications manuals, brochures, and other information/tech transfer documents. "Results ofthe applications research field test will help us document ways to enhance the performance and value ofboth resistance and heat pump water heaters," says Dr. Carl Hiller ofEPRI's Residential Program. Field test sites will be heavily instrumented and will collect detailed minute-by-minute data over the 18-month test program. Configurations to be tested will include (depending on the level ofutility participation) the following:

• 30-, 40-, 50-, 66-, 80-, 100-, and 120-gallon tanks

• Residential and small commercial applications

• HPWHs with and without quick recovery options

• Three mounting configurations 

# _Questions

Q. How can the new EPRIIE-Tech heat pump water heater workwell without running out ofhot water frequently, given that it heats water only about one-third as fast as a typical 4500-W resistance element? 

### A Using the WATSIM computer program, we were able to develop control schemes and recommended operating practices that allow the smaller heating rate to workjust fine. In fact, in residentialapplications, a lower element with only a 600-W heating rate is all that is really needed on 50-gal and largertanks, as long as a 4500-W upper element is still used. WATSIM can be used to optimize the tank sizing, installation, and control for any application. 

### Q. How much will it cost my utility to participate in the applications research field test ofthe new EPRIIE-Tech heat pump water heater? 

## A Ifyour utility has Tailored Collaboration funds available for 1993 or 1994, each test site (heat pump) will cost $25,000 for the 18-month test program. Ifyour Tailored Collaboration

4 • Various ducting configurations:

• Use ofcooling/dehumidification

• Discarding cooling/dehumidification

• Attic air as heat source

• Attic ventilation

• Building ventilation

• Outside air as heat source

• Basement air as heat source

• Crawl space air as heat source

• Conditioned air as heat source

• Use ofwaste heat from kitchen, laundry, machinery, etc.

• Various timer/off-peak control strategies

• Various dual-tank configurations "Data analysis will yield comprehensive information on electric resistance and HPWH efficiency, energy consumption, and electrical demand characteristics in different applications under different operating conditions and temperatures," says Dr.



## and 

# Answers

funds are already committed, your utility
can still participate by cost sharing, but then it will cost $50,000 per test site. The costs reflect the level ofinstrumentation needed to thoroughly understand the behavior ofthe innovative applications. Most ofthe costs are in instrumentation, data collection, data analysis, and reporting. Utilities keep the HPWH and instrumentation at the end ofthe test. 

### Q. How can I order one ofthe EPRII E-Tech heat pump water heaters? 

## A Call or write to David Shuford, Crispaire Corp., 3570 American Drive, Atlanta, GA 30341. Telephone: (404) 458-6643, Fax: (404) 457-2352. Payment may be made by check, VISA, or MasterCard in the amount of$595 plus $25 shipping and handling for the base unit. For quantity purchases, contact David Shuford. To order the tank-top mount kit, include $36 plus $5 shipping and handling. To order the coaxial drainvalve kit, include $18 plus $3 shipping and handling. To order the quick recovery kit, include $40 plus $3 shipping and handling. Additional sales taxes may apply in some states. Hiller. Participating utilities will also gain experience with the HPWH and learn the most effective configurations for their area. ''We think dual-tank systems hold promise ofachieving almost complete load shift to off-peak hours without external controls or timers, ifdone cleverly," says Dr. Hiller, ''but we need to test the various configurations
more fully in the field to be sure." There are more than 100 ways to install dual-tank systems, with the optimum method depending on one's specific objectives. Dual-tank systems are one very attractive way to apply resistance water heaters or HPWHs in situations where only a fossil water heater currently exists. The fossil water heater fuel input can be disconnected and the tank used as a passive storage tank in the dual-tank system. The greater storage capacity ofthe dual-tank system allows lower heating rates and hence connection to existing 15-A, 110-Velectrical circuits, in many cases, instead ofneeding to add expensive 230-V wiring. The field test is being done under EPRI's Tailored Collaboration funding mechanism. Member utilities interested in participating should write Dr. Carl Hiller at EPRI.



### Water Heating Interest Group To Meet in October The sixth annual EPRI Water Heating Interest Group meeting will be held October 18-19, 1993, at the Monteleone Hotel in New Orleans, inunediately preceding EPRI's "Meeting Customer Needs With Heat Pumps" conference. Presentations will describe field and laboratory'test results and recommended installation and application practices. Other topics will include EPRI software for water heating analysis, residential and commercial water heating applications and technologies, and various utility programs. In addition, the new EPRIIE-Tech heat pump water heater (see article, page 1) will be introduced and displayed at the meeting. For information or to register, contact David Ross, PRA, (703) 742-8402. 

### (EPRIHeat Pump WaterHeaterApplicationsResearch Field Test continuedfrom

### p. 1)

electric water heating applications manuals, brochures, and other information/tech transfer documents. "Results ofthe applications research field test will help us document ways 

### to enhance the performance and value ofboth resistance and heat pump water heaters," says Dr. Carl Hiller ofEPRI's Residential Program

. Field test sites will be heavily instrumented and will collect detailed minute-by-minute data over the IS-month test program. Configurations to be tested will include (depending on the level ofutility participation) the following:
• 30-, 40-,50-, 66-, SO-, 100-, and 120-gallon tanks
• Residential and small commercial applications
• HPWHs with and without quick recovery options
• Three mounting configurations

4 

# I---Questions

Q. How can the new EPRIIE-Tech heat pump water heater work well without running out ofhot waterfrequently, given that itheats water only about one-third as fast as a typical 4500-W resistance element? 

### A Using the WATSIM computer program, we were able to develop control schemes and recommended operating practices that allow the smaller heating rate to workjustfine. In fact, in residential applicationS, a lower elementwith only a 600-W heating rate is all thatis really needed on 50-gal and largertanks, as long as a 4500-W upper element is still used

. WATSIM can be used to optimize the tank sizing, installation, and control for any application. 

### Q. How much will it cost my utility to participate in the applications research field test ofthe new EPRIIE-Tech heat pump water heater? 

## A Ifyourutility has Tailored Collaboration funds available for 1993 or 1994, each test site (heat pump) will cost $25,000 for the 18-month test program. Ifyour Tailored Collabo ration • Various ducting configurations:
• Use ofcooling/dehumidification
• Discarding cooling/dehumidification
• Attic air as heat source • Attic ventilation
• Buildingventilation
• Outside air as heat source • Basement air as heat source • Crawl space air as heat source • Conditioned air as heat source • Use ofwaste heat from kitchen, laundry, machinery, etc. • Various timer/off-peak control strategies
• Various dual-tank configurations "Data analysis will yield comprehensive information on electric resistance and HPWH efficiency, energy consumption, and electrical demand characteristics in different applications under different operating conditions and temperatures," says Dr.



## and 

# Answers

funds are already committed, your utility
can still participate by cost sharing, but then it will cost $50,000 per test site. The costs reflect the level ofinstrumentation needed to thoroughlyunderstand the behavior ofthe innovative applications. Most ofthe costs are in instrumentation, data collection, data analysis, and reporting. Utilities keep the HPWH and instrumentation at the end ofthe test. 

### Q. How can I order one ofthe EPRII E-Tech heat pump water heaters? 

## A Call or write to David Shuford, Crispaire Corp., 3570 American Drive, Atlanta, GA 30341. Telephone: (404) 458-6643, Fax: (404) 457-2352. Payment may be made by check, VISA, or MasterCard in the amount of$595 plus $25 shipping and handling for the base unit. For quantity purchases, contact David Shuford

. To order the tank-top mount kit, include $36 plus $5 shipping and handling. To order the coaxial drainvalve kit, include $18 plus $3 shipping and handling. To order the quick recovery kit, include $40 plus $3 shipping and handling. Additional sales taxes may apply in some states

. Hiller. Participatingutilities will also gain experience with the HPWH and learn the most effective configurations for their area. ''We think dual-tank systems hold promise ofachieving almost complete load shiftto off-peak hours without external controls ortimers, ifdone cleverly," says Dr. Hiller, ''but we need

### to test the various configurations
more fully in the field 

### to be sure." There are more than 100 ways 

### to install dual-tank systems, with the optimum method depending on one's specific objectives. Dual-tank systems are one very attractive wayto apply resistance waterheaters or HPWHs in situations where only a fossil water heater currently exists. The fossil water heater fuel input can be disconnected and the tank used as a passive storage tank in the dual-tank system. The greater storage capacity ofthe dual-tank system allows lower heating rates and hence connection to existing 15-A, 110-Velectrical circuits, in many cases, instead ofneeding to add expensive 230-V wiring. The field test is being done under EPRI's Tailored Collaboration funding mechanism. Memberutilities interested in participating should write Dr. Carl Hiller at EPRI.



### Water Heating Interest Group To Meet in October
The sixth annual EPRI Water Heating Interest Group meeting will be held October 18-19, 1993, at the Monteleone Hotel in New Orleans, immediately precedingEPRI's "Meeting Customer Needs With HeatPumps" conference

. Presentations will describe field and laboratory'test results and recommended installation and application practices. Other topics will include EPRI software for water heating analysis, residential and commercial water heating applications and technologies, and various utility programs
. In addition,the new EPRIIE-Tech heat pump water heater (see article, page 1) will be introduced and displayed at the meeting. For information or to register, contact David Ross, PRA, (703) 742-8402.

## New EPRIIE-Tech Heat Pump Water Heater

General Description The new EPRI/E-Tech Heat PumpWaterHeater(HPWH) is a State-of-the Art improvement over previously available units. The Model WH-6 contains a rotary compressor, evaporator coil, double wall condenser coil, tube axial fan, sealed water pump and an expansion valve. The WH-6 uses the environmental friendly HCFC-22 refrigerant to extract low grade heat from the air by cooling it as it passes through the evaporator. The HPWH extracts low grade heat from the air, upgrades it, and thens transfers it to water. Airpassing through the unit iscooled and dehumidified. Three to four times as much heat energy is transferred to the waterthan is used to operate the compressor, fan and pump. The WH-6 has been thoroughly tested for performance and endurance under extreme environmental conditions. Ratings and specifications are in accordance with the latest DOE and Gas Appliance Manufacturers Association (GAMA) standards. The compact size and low power consumption of the WH-6 allow it to be used with a standard electricwater heater tank. The unit can reduce water heating bills up to two-thirds and can heat 200-300 gallons of water per day. This is far more than the average 64 gallons used by most residential customers.



## Features

• High efficiency and reliability.

• Compact size and lightweight. Easy to ship and install.

• Uses specially designed expansion valve to allowthe WH6 to operate efficiently over a wide ambient temperature range.

., Tube axial fan allows cool, dry air to be ducted to other areas or vented outside. Can be used for ventilation.

• Patented double wall, double spiral heat exchanger is more efficient and wraps around compressor to save space.

• Wide variety of simple installations.

• Automatic switch-overto resistance heating when ambient temperature drops below approximately 35°F.

• Automatic passive defrost.

• Fast recovery option which automatically switches top resistance element on after large waterdraws to minimize hot water outages.

### ~Crispaire 

## Corporation 3570 American Drive· Atlanta, Georgia 30341-2493 4041458-6643· FAX 4041458-6643 

## Model WH-6

Specifications

OUTPUT: 6,000 BTU/hr ENERGY FACTOR (GAMA) 2.61 @ 67.5 FOB, 50% RH RECOVERY: 10 Gallons/hr at 135° F tank temperature COOLING 

### & DEHUMIDIFICATION: 4,000 BTU/hr and 1 pintlhr. WEIGHT: Net

- 45 Ibs. Ship

- 501bs. DIMENSIONS: 10" X 1 2" X 15" High MAXIMUM TANK TEMPERATURE: 135° F ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS: See electric water heater requirements for required circuit ampacity. Voltage: 208/230 VAC, 60 Hz, 10 FLA = 4, LRA = 15 @ 208 VAC Nominal Load: 500 WATTS OPERATING TEMPERATURES) 35°F Minimum air inlet 100°F Maximum air inlet. 

# G

ELECTRICAL TESTING LABORATORIES LISTED (PENDING) 

# E-Tech New EPRIIE-Tech Heat Pump Water Heater

General Description The new EPRI/E-Tech Heat PumpWater Heater(HPWH) is a State-of-the Art improvement over previously available units

. The Model WH-6 contains a rotary compressor, evaporator coil, double wall condenser coil , tube axial fan, sealed water pump and an expansion valve. The WH-6 uses the environmental friendly HCFC-22 refrigerant to extract low grade heat from the air by cooling it as it passesthrough the evaporator. The HPWH extracts low grade heatfrom the air, upgrades it, and thens transfers it to water. Airpassingthroughthe unit iscooled and dehumidified. Three to fourtimes as much heat energy is transferred to the waterthan is used to operatethe compressor, fan and pump. The WH-6 has been thoroughly tested for performance and endurance under extreme environmental conditions. Ratings and specifications are in accordance with the latest DOEand GasAppliance ManufacturersAssociation (GAMA) standards. The compact size and low power consumption of the WH-6 allow it to be used with astandard electricwater heater tank. The unit can reduce water heating bills up to two-thirds and can heat 200-300 gallons of water per day. This is far more than the average 64 gallons used by most residential customers.



## Features

• High efficiency and reliability.

• Compact size and lightweight. Easy to ship and install.

• Uses speciallydesignedexpansionvalveto allowtheWH6 to operate efficiently over a wide ambient temperature range.

. , Tube axial fan allows cool, dry air to be ducted to other areas or vented outside. Can be used for ventilation.

• Patented double wall, double spiral heat exchanger is more efficient and wraps around compressor to save space.

• Wide variety of simple installations.

• Automatic switch-overto resistance heatingwhenambient temperature drops below approximately 35°F.

• Automatic passive defrost.

• Fast recovery option which automatically switches top resistance element on after large waterdraws to minimize hot water outages.

### Crispaire 

## Corporation**3570 American**  Drive· Atlanta, Georgia 30341-2493 4041458-6643 • FAX 4041458·6643 

## Model WH-6

Specifications

OUTPUT: 6,000 BTU/hr ENERGY FACTOR (GAMA) 2.61 @ 67.5 FOB, 50% RH RECOVERY: 10 Gallons/hr at 135° F tank temperature COOLING 

### & DEHUMIDIFICATION: 4,000 BTU/hr and 1 pintlhr. WEIGHT: Net· 45 Ibs. Ship

- 501bs. DIMENSIONS: 10" X 12" X 15" High MAXIMUM TANK TEMPERATURE: 135° F ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS: See electric water heater requirements for required circuit ampacity. Voltage: 208/230 VAC, 60 Hz, 10 FLA = 4, LRA = 15 @ 208 VAC Nominal Load: 500 WATTS OPERATING TEMPERATURES) 35°F Minimum air inlet 100°F Maximum air inlet. 

# G

ELECTRICAL TESTING LABORA TORIES LISTED (PENDING)

## Installation & 

## Operation The WH-6 is designed to be installed remotely or directly on top of a suitable electricwater heatertank. The unit connects directly to a 208/230 Volt, 10, powersource and an electric resistance water heater. The existing electriccircuit may be used for retrofit installations. The total load ofthe resistance water heatermust notexceed 4,500 watts. Three options are available for installing the HPWH. The simplest instanation is to set the WH-6 on a shelf, table or the floor. Install a 3/4 in. tee in the cold water inlet of the tank and connect a hose to female pipe thread adaptor on the drain valve at the bottom of the tank. Either 1/2 in. or 5/8 in 

### 00 copper tubing is used to connect the top 3/4 in. tee of the tank to the cold water inlet of the WH-6 and connect the drain valve to the hot water outlet of the WH-6. The 5/8 in. tubing is preferred especially if the total length of the tubing exceeds eight feet. Sweat, compression or flare fittings may be used. All connections are made to 1/2 in. female pipe fittings. The next easiest installation is to set the WH-6 as above and use the coaxial dip stick fitting supplied with kit No. RM-52, This allows all of the water connections to 

### be at the bottom of the tank without disturbing hot and cold water lines. The same type of tubing and fittings described above are used. For mounting on top of a tank, the Model T-50 installation kit is required which consists of two corrugated flexible copper tubes, two 3/4 in. tees and two dip sticks. This method conserves space, but may require rerouting of plumbing lines in retrofit applications. The HPWH must be protected from freezing and rain. Most suitable locations are in basements, utility rooms, laundry rooms and garages. The unit should be ducted to other areas which can benefit from cooling and dehumidification if it is installed in a poorly ventilated closet or small room. Return air should be provided to the unit. Venting to the outside is attractive if fresh air ventilation is desired.


## Tank Selection TheWH-6 H PWH can be installed with moststandard electric resistance water heaters. The recommended minimum tank capacity for residential applications can be based upon the family size and the table below.



### Family Size Tank Capacity

(persons) (gallons) 

### 1 - 2 40

- 52 3-4 52

- 66

5 66

- 82 6-8 82

- 120

A largertankshould be used in homes with greaterthan average hotwater usage. Above average hotwater usage can be due to garden tubs, spas, or uninsulated water lines.

Specifications subject to change without notice. U.S. Patent Nos.

### ~Crispaire 

## Corporation 3570 American Drive· Atlanta, Georgia 30341·2493 4041458·6643 • FAX 4041458·6643 Printed in U.S.A. 12193© 1993 Crispaire/E-Tech 

## Installation & 

## Operation The WH-S is designed to be installed remotely ordirectly on top of asuitable electricwater heatertank. The unit connects directlyto a208/230 Volt, 1o,powersource and an electric resistance water heater. The existing electriccircuit may be usedfor retrofit installations. The total load ofthe resistance water heatermust notexceed 4,500 watts. Three options are available for installingthe HPWH. The simplest instanation is to setthe WH-S on ashelf, table orthe floor. Install a 3/4 in. tee in the cold water inlet of the tank and connect a hose to female pipe thread adaptor on the drain valve at the bottom of the tank. Either 1/2 in. or5/8 in 

### 00copper tubing is used to connect the top 3/4 in. tee of the tank to the cold water inlet of the WH-S and connect the drain valve to the hot water outlet of the WH-S. The 5/8 in. tubing is preferred especially ifthe total length of the tubing exceeds eightfeet. Sweat, compression or flare fittings may be used. All connections are made to 1/2 in. female pipe fittings. The next easiest installation is to set the WH-S as above and use the coaxial dip stick fitting supplied with kit No

. RM-S2, This allows all of the waterconnections to be

### at the bottom of the tank without disturbing hot and cold water lines. The same type of tubing and fittings described above are used. For mounting on top of a tank, the Model T-SO installation kit is required which consists of two corrugated flexible copper tubes, two 3/4 in. tees and two dip sticks. This method conserves space, but may require rerouting of plumbing lines in retrofit applications. The HPWH must be protected from freezing and rain. Most suitable locations are in basements, utility rooms, laundry rooms and garages. The unit should be ducted to other areas which can benefit from cooling and dehumidification if it is installed in a poorly ventilated closet or small room. Return air should be provided to the unit. Venting to the outside is attractive if fresh air ventilation is desired.


## Tank Selection TheWH-S HPWH can be installedwith moststandard electric resistancewaterheaters. The recommended minimum tank capacity for residential applications can be based upon the family size and the table below.



### Family Size Tank Capacity

(persons) (gallons) 

### 1 - 2 40

- 52 3-4 52

- 66

5 66

- 82 6-8 82

- 120

A largertankshould be used in homeswith greaterthan average hotwaterusage. Above average hotwater usage can be due to garden tubs, spas, or uninsulated water lines.

Specifications subject to change without notice

. U.S. Patent Nos

.

### Crispaire 

## Corporation 3570 American Drive· Atlanta, Georgia 30341·2493 404/458-6643 • FAX 4041458-6643 Printed in U

.S.A

. 12193© 1993 Crispaire/ E-Tec h