Exhibit
10.44


 


AMENDED
AND RESTATED COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT


 


This
AMENDED AND RESTATED COMMON STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT is entered into as of March 29, 2019, by and between RITTER PHARMACEUTICALS,
INC., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and ASPIRE CAPITAL FUND, LLC, an Illinois limited
liability company (the “Buyer”). This Agreement hereby amends and restates the Common Stock Purchase Agreement
entered into between the parties as of May 4, 2017. Any references to the “Agreement” herein mean the Common Stock
Purchase Agreement as originally entered into between the parties on May 4, 2017, as amended and restated hereby, as of the date
hereof. Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein are defined in Section 10 hereof.


 


WHEREAS:


 


Subject
to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company wishes to sell to the Buyer, and the Buyer wishes to buy
from the Company, up to Six Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($6,500,000) of the Company’s common stock, par value
$0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”). The shares of Common Stock to be purchased hereunder are referred to
herein as the “Purchase Shares.”


 


Beginning
on May 5, 2017, (the “Commencement Date”), the Company has had the right to commence (the “Commencement”)
sales to the Buyer of Purchase Shares hereunder. As of the date hereof, the Company has not made any such sales of Purchase Shares
to the Buyer.


 


NOW
THEREFORE, the Company and the Buyer hereby agree as follows:


 


1.
PURCHASE OF COMMON STOCK. 




 


Subject
to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company has the right to sell to the Buyer, and the Buyer has the
obligation to purchase from the Company, Purchase Shares as follows:


 


(a) Purchases
of Common Stock. The purchase and sale of Purchase Shares hereunder shall occur from time to time upon written notices
by the Company to the Buyer on the terms and conditions as set forth herein


 


(b) The
Company’s Right to Require Regular Purchases. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, on any given
Business Day, the Company shall have the right but not the obligation to direct the Buyer by its delivery to the Buyer of a
Purchase Notice from time to time, and the Buyer thereupon shall have the obligation, to buy the number of Purchase Shares
specified in such notice, up to 100,000 Purchase Shares, on such Business Day (as long as such notice is delivered on or
before 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on such Business Day) (each such purchase, a “Regular Purchase”) at the
Purchase Price on the Purchase Date; however, in no event shall the Purchase Amount of a Regular Purchase exceed Five Hundred
Thousand Dollars ($500,000) per Business Day, unless the Buyer and the Company mutually agree. The Company and the Buyer may
mutually agree to increase the number of Purchase Shares that may be sold per Regular Purchase to as much as an additional
2,000,000 Purchase Shares per Business Day. The Company may deliver additional Purchase Notices to the Buyer from time to
time so long as the most recent purchase has been completed. The share amounts in this Section 1(b) shall be appropriately
adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar
transaction.


 



    	 	 	 



    	 	 	 



    

 


(c)
VWAP Purchases. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, in addition to purchases of Purchase Shares as described
in Section 1(b) above, on any given Business Day with one Business Day’s prior written notice, the Company shall also have
the right but not the obligation to direct the Buyer by the Company’s delivery to the Buyer of a VWAP Purchase Notice from
time to time, and the Buyer thereupon shall have the obligation, to buy the VWAP Purchase Share Percentage of the trading volume
of the Common Stock on the VWAP Purchase Date up to the VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum on the VWAP Purchase Date (each such
purchase, a “VWAP Purchase”) at the VWAP Purchase Price. The Company may deliver a VWAP Purchase Notice to
the Buyer on or before 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on a date on which the Company also submitted a Purchase Notice for a Regular Purchase
of at least 100,000 Purchase Shares to the Buyer. The share amount in the prior sentence shall be appropriately adjusted for any
reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, or other similar transaction. A VWAP Purchase
shall automatically be deemed completed at such time on the VWAP Purchase Date that the Sale Price falls below the VWAP Minimum
Price Threshold; in such circumstance, the VWAP Purchase Amount shall be calculated using (i) the VWAP Purchase Share Percentage
of the aggregate shares traded on the Principal Market for such portion of the VWAP Purchase Date prior to the time that the Sale
Price fell below the VWAP Minimum Price Threshold and (ii) a VWAP Purchase Price calculated using the volume weighted average
price of Common Stock sold during such portion of the VWAP Purchase Date prior to the time that the Sale Price fell below the
VWAP Minimum Price Threshold. Each VWAP Purchase Notice must be accompanied by instructions to the Company’s Transfer Agent
to immediately issue to the Buyer an amount of Common Stock equal to the VWAP Purchase Share Estimate, a good faith estimate by
the Company of the number of Purchase Shares that the Buyer shall have the obligation to buy pursuant to the VWAP Purchase Notice.
In no event shall the Buyer, pursuant to any VWAP Purchase, purchase a number of Purchase Shares that exceeds the VWAP Purchase
Share Estimate issued on the VWAP Purchase Date in connection with such VWAP Purchase Notice; however, the Buyer will immediately
return to the Company any amount of Common Stock issued pursuant to the VWAP Purchase Share Estimate that exceeds the number of
Purchase Shares the Buyer actually purchases in connection with such VWAP Purchase. Upon completion of each VWAP Purchase Date,
the Buyer shall submit to the Company a confirmation of the VWAP Purchase in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Company.
The Company may deliver additional VWAP Purchase Notices to the Buyer from time to time so long as the most recent purchase has
been completed.


 


(d)
Payment for Purchase Shares. For each Regular Purchase, the Buyer shall pay to the Company an amount equal to the Purchase
Amount as full payment for such Purchase Shares via wire transfer of immediately available funds on the same Business Day that
the Buyer receives such Purchase Shares. For each VWAP Purchase, the Buyer shall pay to the Company an amount equal to the VWAP
Purchase Amount as full payment for such Purchase Shares via wire transfer of immediately available funds on the third Business
Day following the VWAP Purchase Date. All payments made under this Agreement shall be made in lawful money of the United States
of America via wire transfer of immediately available funds to such account as the Company may from time to time designate by
written notice in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. Whenever any amount expressed to be due by the terms of this
Agreement is due on any day that is not a Business Day, the same shall instead be due on the next succeeding day that is a Business
Day.


 


(e) Purchase
Price Floor. The Company and the Buyer shall not effect any sales under this Agreement on any Purchase Date where the
Closing Sale Price is less than the Floor Price. “Floor Price” means $0.25 per share of Common Stock,
which shall be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock
split or other similar transaction.


 



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(f) Records of
Purchases. The Buyer and the Company shall each maintain records showing the remaining Available Amount at any given time
and the dates and Purchase Amounts for each purchase, or shall use such other method reasonably satisfactory to the Buyer and
the Company to reconcile the remaining Available Amount.


 


(g) Taxes.
The Company shall pay any and all transfer, stamp or similar taxes that may be payable with respect to the issuance and delivery
of any shares of Common Stock to the Buyer made under this Agreement.


 


(h) Compliance
with Principal Market Rules. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, and in addition to the limitations
set forth in Section 1(e), the total number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under this Agreement, including the Commitment
Shares (as defined in Section 4(e) hereof), shall be limited to 1,807,562 shares of Common Stock (the “Exchange Cap”),
which equals 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of Common Stock as of the date hereof, unless stockholder approval
is obtained to issue more than such 19.99%. The Exchange Cap shall be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization,
non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction. The foregoing limitation shall not apply if
stockholder approval has not been obtained and at any time the Exchange Cap is reached and at all times thereafter the average
price paid for all shares issued under this Agreement is equal to or greater than $0.86 (the “Minimum Price”),
a price equal to the lower of (1) the Closing Sale Price immediately preceding the execution
of this Agreement or (2) the arithmetic average of the five (5) Closing Sale Prices for the Common Stock immediately preceding
the execution of this Agreement (in such circumstance, for purposes of the Principal Market, the transaction contemplated hereby
would not be “below market” and the Exchange Cap would not apply). The Minimum Price shall be appropriately
adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or otherwise, the Company shall not be required or permitted to issue,
and the Buyer shall not be required to purchase, any shares of Common Stock under this Agreement if such issuance would breach
the Company’s obligations under the rules or regulations of the Principal Market. The Company may, in its sole discretion,
determine whether to obtain stockholder approval to issue more than 19.99% of its outstanding shares of Common Stock hereunder
if such issuance would require stockholder approval under the rules or regulations of the Principal Market.


 


(i) Beneficial
Ownership Limitation. The Company shall not issue, and the Buyer shall not purchase any shares of Common Stock under this
Agreement, if such shares proposed to be issued and sold, when aggregated with all other shares of Common Stock then owned beneficially
(as calculated pursuant to Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”)
and Rule 13d-3 promulgated thereunder) by the Buyer and its affiliates would result in the beneficial ownership by the Buyer and
its affiliates of more than 19.99% of the then issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Company.


 






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2. BUYER’S
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.


 


The
Buyer represents and warrants to the Company that as of the date hereof:


 


(a) Investment
Purpose. The Buyer is entering into this Agreement and acquiring the Commitment Shares and the Purchase Shares (the Purchase
Shares and the Commitment Shares are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities”), for its own account
for investment only and not with a view towards, or for resale in connection with, the public sale or distribution thereof; provided
however, by making the representations herein, the Buyer does not agree to hold any of the Securities for any minimum or other
specific term.


 


(b) Accredited
Investor Status. The Buyer is an “accredited investor” as that term is defined in Rule 501(a)(3) of Regulation
D under the 1933 Act.


 


(c) [Intentionally
Omitted.]


 


(d) Information.
The Buyer has been furnished with all materials relating to the business, finances and operations of the Company and materials
relating to the offer and sale of the Securities that have been reasonably requested by the Buyer, including, without limitation,
the SEC Documents (as defined in Section 3(f) hereof). The Buyer understands that its investment in the Securities involves a
high degree of risk. The Buyer (i) is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities including a total loss,
(ii) has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks
of the proposed investment in the Securities and (iii) has had an opportunity to ask questions of and receive answers from the
officers of the Company concerning the financial condition and business of the Company and other matters related to an investment
in the Securities. Neither such inquiries nor any other due diligence investigations conducted by the Buyer or its representatives
shall modify, amend or affect the Buyer’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained
in Section 3 below. The Buyer has sought such accounting, legal and tax advice as it has considered necessary to make an informed
investment decision with respect to its acquisition of the Securities.


 


(e) No
Governmental Review. The Buyer understands that no United States federal or state agency or any other government or governmental
agency has passed on or made any recommendation or endorsement of the Securities or the fairness or suitability of the investment
in the Securities nor have such authorities passed upon or endorsed the merits of the offering of the Securities.


 


(f) [Intentionally
Omitted.]


 


(g) Organization.
The Buyer is a limited liability company duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction
in which it is organized, and has the requisite organizational power and authority to own its properties and to carry on its business
as now being conducted.


 


(h) Validity;
Enforcement. This Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered on behalf of the Buyer and is a valid
and binding agreement of the Buyer enforceable against the Buyer in accordance with its terms, subject as to enforceability to
(i) general principles of equity and to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation and other similar
laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of applicable creditors’ rights and remedies and (ii) public policy
underlying any law, rule or regulation (including any federal or state securities law, rule or regulation) with regards to indemnification,
contribution or exculpation. The execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents (as defined in Section 3(b) hereof) by the
Buyer and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not conflict with the Buyer’s certificate
of organization or operating agreement or similar documents, and do not require further consent or authorization by the Buyer,
its managers or its members.


 



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(i) Residency.
The Buyer is a resident of the State of Illinois.


 


(j) No
Prior Short Selling. The Buyer represents and warrants to the Company that at no time prior to the date of this Agreement
has any of the Buyer, its agents, representatives or affiliates engaged in or effected, in any manner whatsoever, directly or
indirectly, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined in Section 242.200 of Regulation SHO of the 1934 Act of
the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net short position with respect to the Common Stock.


 


3. REPRESENTATIONS
AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY. 


 


The
Company represents and warrants to the Buyer that as of the date hereof:


 


(a) Organization
and Qualification. The Company and its “Subsidiaries” (which for purposes of this Agreement means any entity in
which the Company, directly or indirectly, owns more than 50% of the voting stock or capital stock or other similar equity interests)
are corporations or limited liability companies duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction
in which they are incorporated or organized, and have the requisite corporate or organizational power and authority to own their
properties and to carry on their business as now being conducted. Each of the Company and its Subsidiaries is duly qualified as
a foreign corporation or limited liability company to do business and is in good standing in every jurisdiction in which its ownership
of property or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification necessary, except to the extent that the failure
to be so qualified or be in good standing could not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. As used in this
Agreement, “Material Adverse Effect” means any material adverse effect on any of: (i) the business, properties, assets,
operations, results of operations or financial condition of the Company and its Subsidiaries, if any, taken as a whole, or (ii)
the authority or ability of the Company to perform its obligations under the Transaction Documents. The Company has no material
Subsidiaries except as set forth on Schedule 3(a).


 


(b) Authorization;
Enforcement; Validity. (i) The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations
under this Agreement, the Registration Rights Agreement and each of the other agreements entered into by the parties on the Commencement
Date (collectively, the “Transaction Documents”), and to issue the Securities in accordance with the terms
hereof and thereof, (ii) the execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of
the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including without limitation, the issuance of the Commitment Shares on the Commencement
Date and the reservation for issuance and the issuance of the Purchase Shares issuable under this Agreement, have been duly authorized
by the Company’s Board of Directors or duly authorized committee thereof, do not conflict with the Company’s Certificate
of Incorporation or Bylaws (as defined below), and do not, except as set forth in this Agreement, require further consent or authorization
by the Company, its Board of Directors, or its stockholders, (iii) this Agreement has been, and each other Transaction Document
shall have been on the Commencement Date and as of the date hereof, duly executed and delivered by the Company and (iv) this Agreement
and each other Transaction Document constitutes the valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company
in accordance with their terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by (y) general principles of equity or applicable
bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement
of creditors’ rights and remedies and (z) public policy underlying any law, rule or regulation (including any federal or
state securities law, rule or regulation) with regards to indemnification, contribution or exculpation. The Board of Directors
of the Company or duly authorized committee thereof has previously approved resolutions to authorize this Agreement and the transactions
contemplated hereby. Such resolutions are valid, in full force and effect and have not been modified or supplemented in any material
respect.


 



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(c) Capitalization.
As of the date hereof, the authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i) 225,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par
value $0.001, of which as of the date hereof, 9,042,332 shares are issued and outstanding, zero shares are held as treasury
shares, 2,750,000 shares are reserved for future issuance pursuant to the Company’s equity incentive plans, of which
approximately 2,263,374 shares remain available for future option grants or stock awards, and 11,887,051 shares are issuable
and reserved for issuance pursuant to securities (other than stock options or equity based awards issued pursuant to the
Company’s stock incentive plans) exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into, shares of Common Stock, and (ii)
15,000,000 shares of preferred stock, with per share liquidation preferences set forth on Schedule 3(c), of which (A) 9,500
shares have been designated as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, of which 4,080 shares are issued and outstanding as of
the date hereof, (B) 6,000 shares have been designated as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, of which 3,000 shares are
issued and outstanding as of the date hereof, and (C) 1,880 shares have been designated as Series C Convertible Preferred
Stock, of which 240 shares are issued and outstanding as of the date hereof. All of such outstanding shares have been, or
upon issuance will be, validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3(c), (i) no
shares of the Company’s capital stock are subject to preemptive rights or any other similar rights or any liens or
encumbrances suffered or permitted by the Company, (ii) there are no outstanding debt securities of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries, (iii) there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any
character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries is or may become bound to issue additional shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or
options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities
or rights convertible into, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (iv) there are no material
agreements or arrangements under which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is obligated to register the sale of any of
their securities under the 1933 Act (except the Registration Rights Agreement), (v) there are no outstanding securities or
instruments of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are
no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is or may become
bound to redeem a security of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, (vi) there are no securities or instruments containing
anti-dilution or similar provisions that will be triggered by the issuance of the Securities as described in this Agreement
and (vii) the Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any
similar plan or agreement. The Company has furnished or made available to the Buyer true and correct copies of the
Company’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and as in effect on the date hereof (the “Certificate of
Incorporation”), and the Company’s Bylaws, as amended and as in effect on the date hereof (the
“Bylaws”).


 



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(d) Issuance
of Securities. The Commitment Shares that were issued to the Buyer on the Commencement Date have been duly authorized
and are (i) validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and (ii) free from all taxes, liens and charges with respect to the
issuance thereof. Upon issuance and payment therefore in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the
Purchase Shares shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all taxes, liens and charges with
respect to the issue thereof, with the holders being entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock.


 


(e)
No Conflicts. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3(e), the execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents
by the Company and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without
limitation, the reservation for issuance and issuance of the Purchase Shares) will not (i) result in a violation of the
Certificate of Incorporation, any Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of any outstanding series of preferred
stock of the Company or the Bylaws or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of
time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or
cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, or
result, to the Company’s knowledge, in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including
federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of the Principal Market applicable to the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries) or by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound or
affected, except in the case of conflicts, defaults, terminations, amendments, accelerations, cancellations and violations
under clause (ii), which could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. Except as disclosed in
Schedule 3(e), neither the Company nor its Subsidiaries is in violation of any term of or in default under its Certificate of
Incorporation , any Certificate of Designation, Preferences and Rights of any outstanding series of preferred stock of the
Company or Bylaws or their organizational charter or bylaws, respectively. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3(e), neither the
Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is in violation of any term of or is in default under any material contract, agreement,
mortgage, indebtedness, indenture, instrument, judgment, decree or order or any statute, rule or regulation applicable to the
Company or its Subsidiaries, except for possible violations, defaults, terminations or amendments that could not reasonably
be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The business of the Company and its Subsidiaries is not being conducted, and
shall not be conducted, in violation of any law, ordinance, or regulation of any governmental entity, except for
possible violations, the sanctions for which either individually or in the aggregate could not reasonably be expected to have
a Material Adverse Effect. Except as specifically contemplated by this Agreement, reporting obligations under the 1934 Act,
or as required under the 1933 Act or applicable state securities laws or the filing of a Listing of Additional Shares
Notification Form with the Principal Market, the Company is not required to obtain any consent, authorization or order of, or
make any filing or registration with, any court or governmental agency or any regulatory or self-regulatory agency in order
for it to execute, deliver or perform any of its obligations under or contemplated by the Transaction Documents in accordance
with the terms hereof or thereof. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3(e) and for reporting obligations under the 1934 Act, all
consents, authorizations, orders, filings and registrations which the Company is required to obtain pursuant to the preceding
sentence have been obtained or effected on or prior to the Commencement Date. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3(e), the
Company is not subject to any notices or actions from or to the Principal Market other than routine matters incident to
listing on the Principal Market and not involving a violation of the rules of the Principal Market. Except as disclosed in
Schedule 3(e), to the Company’s knowledge, the Principal Market has not commenced any delisting proceedings against the
Company.


 






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(f)
SEC Documents; Financial Statements. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3(f), since September 30, 2017, the Company has filed
all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it with the SEC pursuant to the
reporting requirements of the 1934 Act (all of the foregoing filed prior to the date hereof and all exhibits included therein
and financial statements and schedules thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein being hereinafter referred to
as the “SEC Documents”). As of their respective dates (except as they have been correctly amended), the
SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the
SEC promulgated thereunder applicable to the SEC Documents, and none of the SEC Documents, at the time they were filed with
the SEC (except as they may have been properly amended), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to
state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the
circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. As of their respective dates (except as they have been properly
amended), the financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Documents complied as to form in all material respects
with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto. Such
financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied,
during the periods involved (except (i) as may be otherwise indicated in such financial statements or the notes thereto or
(ii) in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may exclude footnotes or may be condensed or summary
statements) and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company as of the dates thereof and the
results of its operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited statements, to normal
year-end audit adjustments). Except as disclosed in Schedule 3(f) or routine correspondence, such as comment letters
and notices of effectiveness in connection with previously filed registration statements or periodic reports publicly
available on EDGAR, to the Company’s knowledge, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries are not presently the subject of
any inquiry, investigation or action by the SEC.


 


(g) Absence
of Certain Changes. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3(g), since September 30, 2018, there has been no material adverse change
in the business, properties, operations, financial condition or results of operations of the Company or its Subsidiaries taken
as a whole. For purposes of this Agreement, neither a decrease in cash or cash equivalents or in the market price of the Common
Stock nor losses incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s business shall be deemed or considered a material adverse
change. The Company has not taken any steps, and does not currently expect to take any steps, to seek protection pursuant to any
Bankruptcy Law nor does the Company or any of its Subsidiaries have any knowledge or reason to believe that its creditors intend
to initiate involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings. The Company is financially solvent and is generally able to pay
its debts as they become due.


 


(h) Absence
of Litigation. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3(h), to the Company’s knowledge, there is no action, suit, proceeding,
inquiry or investigation before or by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending
or, to the knowledge of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, threatened against the Company, the Common Stock or any of the
Company’s Subsidiaries or any of the Company’s or the Company’s Subsidiaries’ officers or directors in
their capacities as such, which could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect (each, an “Action”).
A description of each such Action, if any, is set forth in Schedule 3(h).


 



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(i) Acknowledgment
Regarding Buyer’s Status. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Buyer is acting solely in the capacity of
arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.
The Company further acknowledges that the Buyer is not acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any
similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and any
advice given by the Buyer or any of its representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby is merely incidental to the Buyer’s purchase of the Securities. The
Company further represents to the Buyer that the Company’s decision to enter into the Transaction Documents has been
based solely on the independent evaluation by the Company and its representatives and advisors.


 


(j) Intellectual
Property Rights. To the Company’s knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights or licenses
to use all material trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent rights,
copyrights, inventions, licenses, approvals, governmental authorizations, trade secrets and other intellectual property rights
(collectively, “Intellectual Property”) necessary to conduct their respective businesses as now conducted,
except as set forth in Schedule 3(j) or to the extent that the failure to own, possess, license or otherwise hold adequate rights
to use Intellectual Property would not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as disclosed
in Schedule 3(j), to the Company’s knowledge, none of the Company’s active and registered Intellectual Property have
expired or terminated, or, by the terms and conditions thereof, will expire or terminate within two years from the date of this
Agreement, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company and its Subsidiaries do not
have any knowledge of any infringement by the Company or its Subsidiaries of any Intellectual Property of others and, except as
set forth on Schedule 3(j), there is no claim, action or proceeding being made or brought against, or to the Company’s knowledge,
being threatened against, the Company or its Subsidiaries regarding Intellectual Property, which could reasonably be expected
to have a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(k) Environmental
Laws. To the Company’s knowledge, the Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in material compliance with any and all applicable
foreign, federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of human health and safety or the environment
and with respect to hazardous or toxic substances or wastes, pollutants or contaminants (“Environmental Laws”),
(ii) have received all material permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct
their respective businesses and (iii) are in material compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or
approval, except where, in each of the three foregoing clauses, the failure to so comply or receive such approvals could not reasonably
be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(l) Title.
The Company and its Subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all personal property owned by them that is material to the
business of the Company and its Subsidiaries, in each case free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects except such as
are described in Schedule 3(l) or such as do not materially affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use
made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company and any of its Subsidiaries or could not reasonably be expected to
have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company
and any of its Subsidiaries, to the Company’s knowledge, are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases
with such exceptions as are not material and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings
by the Company and its Subsidiaries.


 



    	-9-



    	 	 	 



    

 


(m) Insurance.
The Company and each of its Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses
and risks and in such amounts as management of the Company believes to be reasonable and customary in the businesses in which
the Company and its Subsidiaries are engaged. To the Company’s knowledge, since January 1, 2015, neither the Company
nor any such Subsidiary has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for and neither the Company nor any such
Subsidiary, to the Company’s knowledge, will be unable to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such
coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost
that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.


 


(n) Regulatory
Permits. The Company and its Subsidiaries possess all material certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate
federal, state or foreign regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses as currently conducted, and
neither the Company nor any such Subsidiary has received any written notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification
of any such material certificate, authorization or permit.


 


(o) Tax
Status. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries has made or filed all federal and state income and all other material tax
returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject (unless and only to the extent that the
Company and each of its Subsidiaries has set aside on its books reserves reasonably adequate for the payment of all unpaid and
unreported taxes or filed valid extensions) and has paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material
in amount, shown or determined to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith
and has set aside on its books reserves reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods
to which such returns, reports or declarations apply. To the Company’s knowledge, there are no unpaid taxes in any material
amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction.


 


(p) Transactions
With Affiliates. Except as set forth on Schedule 3(p) and other than the grant or exercise of stock options or any other equity
securities offered pursuant to duly adopted stock or incentive compensation plans as disclosed on Schedule 3(c), none of the officers,
directors or employees of the Company is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (other
than for services as employees, officers and directors and reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company), including
any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or
personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge
of the Company, any corporation, partnership, trust or other entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a
material interest or is an officer, director, trustee or general partner.


 


(q) Application
of Takeover Protections. The Company and its board of directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render
inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement)
or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Certificate of Incorporation or the laws of the state of its incorporation,
other than Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which is or could become applicable to the Buyer as a result of
the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, the Company’s issuance of the Securities
and the Buyer’s ownership of the Securities.


 


(r) Registration
Statement. The Shelf Registration Statement (as defined in Section 4(a) hereof) has been declared effective by the SEC, and
no stop order has been issued or is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by the SEC with respect thereto. As
of the date hereof, the Company has a dollar amount of securities registered and unsold under the Shelf Registration Statement,
which is not less than the Available Amount on the date hereof.


 



    	-10-



    	 	 	 



    

 





4. COVENANTS.


 


(a) Disclosure
under the 1934 Act. The Company agrees that it shall, within the time required under the 1934 Act, file a Current Report
on Form 8-K disclosing this Agreement unless such disclosure is made by the Company in the Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K. The Company has filed prior to the Commencement Date a prospectus supplement to the Company’s existing shelf registration
statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-213087, the “Shelf Registration Statement”) covering the sale of the Commitment
Shares and Purchase Shares (the “Prospectus Supplement”) in accordance with the terms of the Registration Rights
Agreement between the Company and the Buyer, dated as of May 4, 2017 (the “Registration Rights Agreement”).
The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to keep the Shelf Registration Statement and any New Registration Statement
(as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement) effective pursuant to Rule 415 promulgated under the 1933 Act and available
for sales of all Securities to the Buyer until such time as (i) it no longer qualifies to make sales under the Shelf Registration
Statement (which shall be understood to include the inability of the Company to immediately register sales of Securities to the
Buyer under the Shelf Registration Statement or any New Registration Statement pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3),
(ii) the date on which all the Securities have been sold under this Agreement and no Available Amount remains thereunder, or (iii)
the Agreement has been terminated. The Shelf Registration Statement (including any amendments or supplements thereto and prospectuses
or prospectus supplements, including the Prospectus Supplement, contained therein) shall not contain any untrue statement of a
material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein, or necessary to make the statements therein, in
light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading.


 


(b) Blue
Sky. The Company shall take such action, if any, as is reasonably necessary in order to obtain an exemption for or to qualify
(i) the initial sale of the Securities to the Buyer under this Agreement and (ii) any subsequent sale of the Securities by the
Buyer, in each case, under applicable securities or “Blue Sky” laws of the states of the United States in such states
as is reasonably requested by the Buyer from time to time, and shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to the Buyer.


 


(c) Listing.
The Company shall promptly secure the listing of all of the Securities upon each national securities exchange and automated quotation
system that requires an application by the Company for listing, if any, upon which shares of Common Stock are then listed (subject
to official notice of issuance) and shall maintain such listing, so long as any other shares of Common Stock shall be so listed.
The Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the Common Stock’s listing on the Principal Market. Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall take any action that would be reasonably expected to result in the delisting or
suspension of the Common Stock on the Principal Market, unless the Common Stock is immediately thereafter traded on the New York
Stock Exchange, the NYSE MKT, the NASDAQ Global Select Market, or the NASDAQ Capital. The Company shall pay all fees and expenses
in connection with satisfying its obligations under this Section.


 


(d) Limitation
on Short Sales and Hedging Transactions. The Buyer agrees that beginning on the date of this Agreement and ending on the date
of termination of this Agreement as provided in Section 11(k), the Buyer and its agents, representatives and affiliates shall
not in any manner whatsoever enter into or effect, directly or indirectly, any (i) “short sale” (as such term is defined
in Section 242.200 of Regulation SHO of the 1934 Act) of the Common Stock or (ii) hedging transaction, which establishes a net
short position with respect to the Common Stock.


 



    	-11-



    	 	 	 



    

 


(e) Issuance
of Commitment Shares. In connection with the Commencement, the Company previously issued to the Buyer as consideration for
the Buyer entering into this Agreement shares of Common Stock (the “Commitment Shares”) with an aggregate dollar
value equal to $97,500, calculated based on the Closing Sale Price on the Business Day prior to the date the Commitment Shares
are issued.


 


(f) Due
Diligence. The Buyer shall have the right, from time to time as the Buyer may reasonably deem appropriate, to perform reasonable
due diligence on the Company during normal business hours and subject to reasonable prior notice to the Company. The Company and
its officers and employees shall provide information and reasonably cooperate with the Buyer in connection with any reasonable
request by the Buyer related to the Buyer’s due diligence of the Company; provided, however, that at no time is the Company
required to disclose material nonpublic information to the Buyer or breach any obligation of confidentiality or non-disclosure
to a third party or make any disclosure that could cause a waiver of attorney-client privilege. Each party hereto agrees not to
disclose any Confidential Information of the other party to any third party and shall not use the Confidential Information of
such other party for any purpose other than in connection with, or in furtherance of, the transactions contemplated hereby. Each
party hereto acknowledges that the Confidential Information shall remain the property of the disclosing party and agrees that
it shall take all reasonable measures to protect the secrecy of any Confidential Information disclosed by the other party.


 


5. TRANSFER
AGENT INSTRUCTIONS.


 


All
of the Purchase Shares to be issued under this Agreement shall be issued without any restrictive legend unless the Buyer expressly
consents otherwise. The Company has issued irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent, and shall issue irrevocable instructions
to any subsequent transfer agent, to issue Common Stock in the name of the Buyer for the Purchase Shares (the “Irrevocable
Transfer Agent Instructions”). The Company warrants to the Buyer that no instruction other than the Irrevocable Transfer
Agent Instructions referred to in this Section 5, will be given by the Company to the Transfer Agent with respect to the Purchase
Shares and that the Purchase Shares shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company as and to the
extent provided in this Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement.


 


6.
[Intentionally Omitted.]




 


7.
[Intentionally Omitted.]




 



    	-12-



    	 	 	 



    

 





8.
INDEMNIFICATION. 




 


In
consideration of the Buyer’s execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and acquiring the Securities hereunder
and in addition to all of the Company’s other obligations under the Transaction Documents, the Company shall defend, protect,
indemnify and hold harmless the Buyer and all of its affiliates, members, officers, directors, and employees, and any of the foregoing
person’s agents or other representatives (including, without limitation, those retained in connection with the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement) (collectively, the “Indemnitees”) from and against any and all actions, causes
of action, suits, claims, losses, costs, penalties, fees, liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection therewith (irrespective
of whether any such Indemnitee is a party to the action for which indemnification hereunder is sought), and including reasonable
attorneys’ fees and disbursements (the “Indemnified Liabilities”), incurred by any Indemnitee as a result
of, or arising out of, or relating to (a) any misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company
in the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, (b) any breach of
any covenant, agreement or obligation of the Company contained in the Transaction Documents or any other certificate, instrument
or document contemplated hereby or thereby, or (c) any cause of action, suit or claim brought or made against such Indemnitee
and arising out of or resulting from the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement of the Transaction Documents or any other
certificate, instrument or document contemplated hereby or thereby, other than with respect to Indemnified Liabilities which directly
and primarily result from (A) a breach of any of the Buyer’s representations and warranties, covenants or agreements contained
in this Agreement, or (B) the gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct of the Buyer or any other Indemnitee. To the extent
that the foregoing undertaking by the Company may be unenforceable for any reason, the Company shall make the maximum contribution
to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities which is permissible under applicable law.


 










9. EVENTS
OF DEFAULT. 


 


An
“Event of Default” shall be deemed to have occurred at any time as any of the following events occurs:


 


(a) during
any period in which the effectiveness of any registration statement is required to be maintained pursuant to the terms of the
Registration Rights Agreement, the effectiveness of such registration statement lapses for any reason (including, without limitation,
the issuance of a stop order) or is unavailable to the Company for sale of all of the Registrable Securities (as defined in the
Registration Rights Agreement) to the Buyer in accordance with the terms of the Registration Rights Agreement, and such lapse
or unavailability continues for a period of ten (10) consecutive Business Days or for more than an aggregate of thirty (30) Business
Days in any 365-day period, which is not in connection with a post-effective amendment to any such registration statement or the
filing of a new registration statement; provided, however, that in connection with any post-effective amendment to such registration
statement or filing of a new registration statement that is required to be declared effective by the SEC, such lapse or unavailability
may continue for a period of no more than thirty (30) consecutive Business Days, which such period shall be extended for an additional
thirty (30) Business Days if the Company receives a comment letter from the SEC in connection therewith;


 


(b) the
suspension from trading or failure of the Common Stock to be listed on a Principal Market for a period of three (3) consecutive
Business Days;


 


(c) the
delisting of the Common Stock from the Principal Market, and the Common Stock is not immediately thereafter trading on the New
York Stock Exchange, the NYSE MKT, the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the NASDAQ Global Market, or the NASDAQ Capital Market;


 


(d) the
failure for any reason by the Transfer Agent to issue Purchase Shares to the Buyer within five (5) Business Days after the applicable
Purchase Date that the Buyer is entitled to receive;


 








(e) the
breach of any representation or warranty (as of the dates made), covenant or other term or condition under any Transaction Document
if such breach could reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect and except, in the case of a breach of a covenant
which is reasonably curable, only if such breach continues uncured for a period of at least five (5) Business Days;


 






    	-13-



    	 	 	 



    

  


(f) if
any Person commences a proceeding against the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law;


 


(g) if
the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law; (A) commences a voluntary case, (B) consents to the entry
of an order for relief against it in an involuntary case, (C) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially
all of its property, (D) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors or (E) becomes insolvent;


 


(h) a
court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that (A) is for relief against the Company
in an involuntary case, (B) appoints a Custodian of the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or (C) orders
the liquidation of the Company or any Subsidiary; or


 


(i) if
at any time, the Exchange Cap is reached unless and until stockholder approval is obtained pursuant to Section 1(h) hereof. The
Exchange Cap shall be deemed to be reached at such time if, upon submission of a Purchase Notice or VWAP Purchase Notice under
this Agreement, the issuance of such shares of Common Stock would exceed the number of shares of Common Stock which the Company
may issue under this Agreement without breaching the Company’s obligations under the rules or regulations of the Principal
Market.


 


In
addition to any other rights and remedies under applicable law and this Agreement, including the Buyer termination rights under
Section 11(k) hereof, so long as an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, or if any event which, after notice and/or
lapse of time, would become an Event of Default, has occurred and is continuing, or so long as the Closing Sale Price is below
the Floor Price, the Company may not require and the Buyer shall not be obligated to purchase any shares of Common Stock under
this Agreement. If pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, the Company commences a voluntary case or any Person
commences a proceeding against the Company, a Custodian is appointed for the Company or for all or substantially all of its property,
or the Company makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, (any of which would be an Event of Default as described
in Sections 9(f), 9(g) and 9(h) hereof) this Agreement shall automatically terminate without any liability or payment to the Company
without further action or notice by any Person. No such termination of this Agreement under Section 11(k)(i) shall affect the
Company’s or the Buyer’s obligations under this Agreement with respect to pending purchases and the Company and the
Buyer shall complete their respective obligations with respect to any pending purchases under this Agreement.


 


10. CERTAIN
DEFINED TERMS. 


 


For
purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:


 


(a) “1933
Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.


 


(b) “Available
Amount” means initially Six Million Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($6,500,000) in the aggregate which amount shall be
reduced by the Purchase Amount each time the Buyer purchases shares of Common Stock pursuant to Section 1 hereof.


 


(c) “Bankruptcy
Law” means Title 11, U.S. Code, or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors.


 



    	-14-



    	 	 	 



    

 


(d) “Business Day”
means any day on which the Principal Market is open for trading during normal trading hours (i.e., 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. Eastern
Time), including any day on which the Principal Market is open for trading for a period of time less than the customary time.


 


(e) “Closing
Sale Price” means the last closing trade price for the Common Stock on the Principal Market as reported by the Principal
Market.


 


(f) “Confidential
Information” means any information disclosed by either party to the other party, either directly or indirectly, in writing,
orally or by inspection of tangible objects (including, without limitation, documents, prototypes, samples, plant and equipment),
which is designated as “Confidential,” “Proprietary” or some similar designation. Information communicated
orally shall be considered Confidential Information if such information is expressly identified as Confidential Information at
the time of such initial disclosure and confirmed in writing as being Confidential Information within ten (10) Business Days after
the initial disclosure. Confidential Information may also include information disclosed to a disclosing party by third parties.
Confidential Information shall not, however, include any information which (i) was publicly known and made generally available
in the public domain prior to the time of disclosure by the disclosing party; (ii) becomes publicly known and made generally available
after disclosure by the disclosing party to the receiving party through no action or inaction of the receiving party; (iii) is
already in the possession of the receiving party at the time of disclosure by the disclosing party as shown by the receiving party’s
files and records immediately prior to the time of disclosure; (iv) is obtained by the receiving party from a third party without
a breach of such third party’s obligations of confidentiality; (v) is independently developed by the receiving party without
use of or reference to the disclosing party’s Confidential Information, as shown by documents and other competent evidence
in the receiving party’s possession; or (vi) is required by law to be disclosed by the receiving party, provided that the
receiving party gives the disclosing party prompt written notice of such requirement prior to such disclosure and assistance in
obtaining an order protecting the information from public disclosure.


 


(g) “Custodian”
means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.


 


(h) “Maturity
Date” means March 31, 2021.


 


(i) “Person”
means an individual or entity including any limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust,
an unincorporated organization and a government or any department or agency thereof.


 


(j) “Principal
Market” means the NASDAQ Capital Market; provided however, that in the event the Company’s Common Stock is ever
listed or traded on the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE MKT, the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, or the
NASDAQ Capital Market, then the “Principal Market” shall mean such other market or exchange on which the Company’s
Common Stock is then listed or traded.


 


(k) “Purchase
Amount” means, with respect to any particular purchase made hereunder, the portion of the Available Amount to be purchased
by the Buyer pursuant to Section 1 hereof as set forth in a valid Purchase Notice or VWAP Purchase Notice which the Company delivers
to the Buyer.


 



    	-15-



    	 	 	 



    

 


(l) “Purchase Date”
means, with respect to any Regular Purchase made hereunder, the Business Day of receipt by the Buyer of a valid Purchase Notice
that the Buyer is to buy Purchase Shares pursuant to Section 1(b) hereof.


 


(m) “Purchase
Notice” shall mean an irrevocable written notice from the Company to the Buyer directing the Buyer to buy Purchase Shares
pursuant to Section 1(b) hereof as specified by the Company therein at the applicable Purchase Price on the Purchase Date.


 


(n) “Purchase
Price” means the lesser of (i) the lowest Sale Price of the Common Stock on the Purchase Date or (ii) the arithmetic
average of the three (3) lowest Closing Sale Prices for the Common Stock during the ten (10) consecutive Business Days ending
on the Business Day immediately preceding such Purchase Date (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization,
non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction).


 


(o) “Sale
Price” means any trade price for the shares of Common Stock on the Principal Market during normal trading hours, as
reported by the Principal Market.


 


(p) “SEC”
means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.


 


(q) “Transfer
Agent” means the transfer agent of the Company as set forth in Section 11(f) hereof or such other person who is then
serving as the transfer agent for the Company in respect of the Common Stock.


 


(r) “VWAP
Minimum Price Threshold” means, with respect to any particular VWAP Purchase Notice, the Sale Price on the VWAP Purchase
Date equal to the greater of (i) 80% of the Closing Sale Price on the Business Day immediately preceding the VWAP Purchase Date
or (ii) such higher price as set forth by the Company in the VWAP Purchase Notice.


 


(s) “VWAP
Purchase Amount” means, with respect to any particular VWAP Purchase Notice, the portion of the Available Amount to
be purchased by the Buyer pursuant to Section 1(c) hereof pursuant to a valid VWAP Purchase Notice which requires the Buyer to
buy the VWAP Purchase Share Percentage of the aggregate shares traded on the Principal Market during normal trading hours on the
VWAP Purchase Date up to the VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum, subject to the VWAP Minimum Price Threshold.


 


(t) “VWAP
Purchase Date” means, with respect to any VWAP Purchase made hereunder, the Business Day following the receipt by the
Buyer of a valid VWAP Purchase Notice that the Buyer is to buy Purchase Shares pursuant to Section 1(c) hereof.


 


(u) “VWAP
Purchase Notice” shall mean an irrevocable written notice from the Company to the Buyer directing the Buyer to buy Purchase
Shares on the VWAP Purchase Date pursuant to Section 1(c) hereof as specified by the Company therein at the applicable VWAP Purchase
Price with the applicable VWAP Purchase Share Percentage specified therein.


 


(v) “VWAP
Purchase Share Percentage” means, with respect to any particular VWAP Purchase Notice pursuant to Section 1(c) hereof,
the percentage set forth in the VWAP Purchase Notice which the Buyer will be required to buy as a specified percentage of the
aggregate shares traded on the Principal Market during normal trading hours up to the VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum on the
VWAP Purchase Date subject to Section 1(c) hereof but in no event shall this percentage exceed thirty percent (30%) of such VWAP
Purchase Date’s share trading volume of the Common Stock on the Principal Market during normal trading hours.


 






    	-16-



    	 	 	 



    

 


(w) “VWAP
Purchase Price” means the lesser of (i) the Closing Sale Price on the VWAP Purchase Date; or (ii) ninety-seven percent
(97%) of volume weighted average price for the Common Stock traded on the Principal Market during normal trading hours on (A)
the VWAP Purchase Date if the aggregate shares traded on the Principal Market on the VWAP Purchase Date have not exceeded the
VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum and the Sale Price of Common Stock has not fallen below the VWAP Minimum Price Threshold (to
be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other
similar transaction), or (B) the portion of the VWAP Purchase Date until such time as the sooner to occur of (1) the time at which
the aggregate shares traded on the Principal Market has exceeded the VWAP Purchase Share Volume Maximum, or (2) the time at which
the Sale Price of Common Stock falls below the VWAP Minimum Price Threshold (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization,
recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction).


 


(x) “VWAP
Purchase Share Estimate” means the number of shares of Common Stock that the Company has in its sole discretion irrevocably
instructed its Transfer Agent to issue to the Buyer via the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) Fast Automated
Securities Transfer Program in connection with a VWAP Purchase Notice pursuant to Section 1(c) hereof and issued to the Buyer’s
or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit Withdrawal At Custodian (DWAC) system on the VWAP Purchase
Date (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split
or other similar transaction).


 


(y) “VWAP
Purchase Share Volume Maximum” means a number of shares of Common Stock traded on the Principal Market during normal
trading hours on the VWAP Purchase Date equal to: (i) the VWAP Purchase Share Estimate, divided by (ii) the VWAP Purchase Share
Percentage (to be appropriately adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock
split or other similar transaction).


 


11. MISCELLANEOUS.


 


(a) Governing
Law; Jurisdiction; Jury Trial. The corporate laws of the State of Delaware shall govern all issues concerning the relative
rights of the Company and its stockholders. All other questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation
of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of Illinois, without
giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Illinois or any other jurisdictions)
that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of Illinois. Each party hereby irrevocably
submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the City of Chicago, for the adjudication of
any dispute hereunder or under the other Transaction Documents or in connection herewith or therewith, or with any transaction
contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding,
any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought
in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each party hereby irrevocably waives
personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof
to such party at the address for such notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and
sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve
process in any manner permitted by law. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST,
A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION
CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.


 



    	-17-



    	 	 	 



    




 


(b) Counterparts.
This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement
and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party; provided that a
facsimile or pdf (or other electronic reproduction) signature shall be considered due execution and shall be binding upon the
signatory thereto with the same force and effect as if the signature were an original, not a facsimile or pdf (or other electronic
reproduction) signature.


 


(c) Headings.
The headings of this Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this
Agreement.


 


(d) Severability.
If any provision of this Agreement shall be invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, such invalidity or unenforceability
shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remainder of this Agreement in that jurisdiction or the validity or enforceability
of any provision of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction.


 


(e) Entire
Agreement. This Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement supersede all other prior oral or written agreements between
the Buyer, the Company, their affiliates and persons acting on their behalf with respect to the matters discussed herein, and
this Agreement, the other Transaction Documents and the instruments referenced herein contain the entire understanding of the
parties with respect to the matters covered herein and therein and, except as specifically set forth herein or therein, neither
the Company nor the Buyer makes any representation, warranty, covenant or undertaking with respect to such matters. Each of the
Company and the Buyer acknowledge and agree that it has not relied on, in any manner whatsoever, any representations or statements,
written or oral, other than as expressly set forth in this Agreement. The Buyer and the Company agree that that certain Common
Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 18, 2015 by and between the Company and the Buyer is hereby terminated as of the
date hereof.


 


(f) Notices.
Any notices, consents or other communications required or permitted to be given under the terms of this Agreement must be in writing
and will be deemed to have been delivered: (i) upon receipt, when delivered personally; (ii) upon receipt, when sent by facsimile
(provided confirmation of transmission is mechanically or electronically generated and kept on file by the sending party); (iii)
upon receipt, when sent by electronic message (provided the recipient responds to the message and confirmation of both electronic
messages are kept on file by the sending party); or (iv) one (1) Business Day after timely deposit with a nationally recognized
overnight delivery service, in each case properly addressed to the party to receive the same. The addresses and facsimile numbers
for such communications shall be:


 


If
to the Company:


 


Ritter
Pharmaceuticals, Inc.


1880
Century Park East, #1000


Los
Angeles, CA 90067





	Telephone:


	310-203-1000
	Facsimile:	310-919-1600
	Attention:	John Beck
	Email:





	john@ritterpharm.com



 









    	-18-



    	 	 	 



    

  


With
a copy (which shall not constitute notice) to:


 


Reed
Smith LLP 


1901
Avenue of the Stars


Suite
700


Los
Angeles, CA 90067


	Telephone:	310-734-5232
	Facsimile:	310-734-5299
	Attention:	Michael Sanders,
    Esq.
	Email:	msanders@reedsmith.com









 





If
to the Buyer:


 


Aspire
Capital Fund, LLC


155
North Wacker Drive, Suite 1600


Chicago,
IL 60606


	Telephone:	312-658-0400
	Facsimile:	312-658-4005
	Attention:	Steven G.
    Martin
	Email:	smartin@aspirecapital.com









 


With
a copy to (which shall not constitute delivery to the Buyer):


 


Morrison
& Foerster LLP


2000
Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Suite 6000


Washington,
DC 20006





	Telephone:	202-778-1611
	Facsimile:	202-887-0763
	Attention:	Martin P.
    Dunn, Esq.
	Email:	mdunn@mofo.com












 


If
to the Transfer Agent:


 


Corporate
Stock Transfer, Inc.


3200
Cherry Creek South Drive, Suite 430


Denver,
CO 80209





	Telephone:	303-282-4800
	Facsimile:	303-282-5800
	Attention:	H. Daniel
    Bell
	Email:	dbell@corporatestock.com






 





or
at such other address and/or facsimile number and/or to the attention of such other person as the recipient party has specified
by written notice given to each other party at least one (1) Business Day prior to the effectiveness of such change. Written confirmation
of receipt (A) given by the recipient of such notice, consent or other communication, (B) mechanically or electronically generated
by the sender’s facsimile machine containing the time, date, and recipient facsimile number, (C) electronically generated
by the sender’s electronic mail containing the time, date and recipient email address or (D) provided by a nationally recognized
overnight delivery service, shall be rebuttable evidence of receipt in accordance with clause (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) above,
respectively.


 






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(g) Successors
and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors
and assigns. The Company shall not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent
of the Buyer, including by merger or consolidation; provided, however, that any transaction, whether by merger, reorganization,
restructuring, consolidation, financing or otherwise, whereby the Company remains the surviving entity immediately after such
transaction shall not be deemed a succession or assignment. The Buyer may not assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement.


 


(h) No
Third Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted
successors and assigns, and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other person.


 


(i) Publicity.
The Buyer shall have the right to approve before issuance any press release, SEC filing or any other public disclosure made by
or on behalf of the Company whatsoever with respect to, in any manner, the Buyer, its purchases hereunder or any aspect of this
Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby; provided, however, that the Company shall be entitled, without the prior approval
of the Buyer, to make any press release or other public disclosure (including any filings with the SEC) with respect to such transactions
as is required by applicable law and regulations so long as the Company and its counsel consult with the Buyer in connection with
any such press release or other public disclosure at least one (1) Business Day prior to its release. The Buyer must be provided
with a copy thereof at least one (1) Business Day prior to any release or use by the Company thereof.


 


(j) Further
Assurances. Each party shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things, and shall
execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as the other party may reasonably request
in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated
hereby.


 


(k) Termination.
This Agreement may be terminated only as follows:


 


(i) By
the Buyer any time an Event of Default exists without any liability or payment to the Company. However, if pursuant to or within
the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law, the Company commences a voluntary case or any Person commences a proceeding against the Company,
a Custodian is appointed for the Company or for all or substantially all of its property, or the Company makes a general assignment
for the benefit of its creditors, (any of which would be an Event of Default as described in Sections 9(f), 9(g) and 9(h) hereof)
this Agreement shall automatically terminate without any liability or payment to the Company without further action or notice
by any Person. No such termination of this Agreement under this Section 11(k)(i) shall affect the Company’s or the Buyer’s
obligations under this Agreement with respect to pending purchases and the Company and the Buyer shall complete their respective
obligations with respect to any pending purchases under this Agreement.


 






    	-20-



    	 	 	 



    

 


(ii) [Intentionally
Omitted.]


 


(iii) [Intentionally
Omitted.]


 


(iv) At
any time, the Company shall have the option to terminate this Agreement for any reason or for no reason by delivering notice (a
“Company Termination Notice”) to the Buyer electing to terminate this Agreement without any liability whatsoever
of either party to the other party under this Agreement. The Company Termination Notice shall not be effective until one (1) Business
Day after it has been received by the Buyer.


 


(v) This
Agreement shall automatically terminate on the date that the Company sells and the Buyer purchases the full Available Amount as
provided herein, without any action or notice on the part of any party and without any liability whatsoever of any party to any
other party under this Agreement.


 


(vi) If
by the Maturity Date for any reason or for no reason the full Available Amount under this Agreement has not been purchased as
provided for in Section 1 of this Agreement, this Agreement shall automatically terminate on the Maturity Date, without any action
or notice on the part of any party and without any liability whatsoever of any party to any other party under this Agreement.


 


Except
as set forth in Sections 11(k)(i) (in respect of an Event of Default under Sections 9(f), 9(g) and 9(h)), 11(k)(v) and 11(k)(vi),
any termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 11(k) shall be effected by written notice from the Company to the Buyer,
or the Buyer to the Company, as the case may be, setting forth the basis for the termination hereof. The representations and warranties
of the Company and the Buyer contained in Sections 2, 3 and 5 hereof, the indemnification provisions set forth in Section 8 hereof
and the agreements and covenants set forth in Sections 4(e) and 11, shall survive the Commencement and any termination of this
Agreement. No termination of this Agreement shall affect the Company’s or the Buyer’s rights or obligations (i) under
the Registration Rights Agreement which shall survive any such termination in accordance with its terms or (ii) under this Agreement
with respect to pending purchases and the Company and the Buyer shall complete their respective obligations with respect to any
pending purchases under this Agreement.


 


(l) No
Financial Advisor, Placement Agent, Broker or Finder. The Company represents and warrants to the Buyer that it has not engaged
any financial advisor, placement agent, broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby. The Buyer represents
and warrants to the Company that it has not engaged any financial advisor, placement agent, broker or finder in connection with
the transactions contemplated hereby. Each party shall be responsible for the payment of any fees or commissions, if any, of any
financial advisor, placement agent, broker or finder engaged by such party relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated
hereby. Each party shall pay, and hold the other party harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without limitation,
attorneys’ fees and out of pocket expenses) arising in connection with any such claim.


 


(m) No
Strict Construction. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties to express
their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party.


 


(n) Failure
or Indulgence Not Waiver. No failure or delay in the exercise of any power, right or privilege hereunder shall operate as
a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such power, right or privilege preclude other or further exercise
thereof or of any other right, power or privilege.


 





*
* * * *




    	-21-



    	 	 	 



    

 


IN
WITNESS WHEREOF, the Buyer and the Company have caused this Amended and Restated Common Stock Purchase Agreement to be duly
executed as of the date first written above.


 


 


	 	THE
    COMPANY:
	 	 
	 	


RITTER
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.



	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Andrew
    J. Ritter
	 	Name:	Andrew J.
    Ritter
	 	Title:	President
	 	 	 
	 	BUYER:
	 	 	 
	 	ASPIRE
    CAPITAL FUND, LLC
	 	BY:
    ASPIRE CAPITAL PARTNERS, LLC
	 	BY:
    SGM HOLDINGS CORP
	 	 	 
	 	By:	/s/ Steven
    G. Martin
	 	Name:	Steven G.
    Martin
	 	Title:	President






 













    	-22-



    	 	 	 



    

 





	SCHEDULES



	 
	Schedule
    3(a)	Subsidiaries
	





Schedule
3(c)


	Capitalization
	Schedule
    3(e)	Conflicts
	Schedule 3(f)	1934 Act Filings
	Schedule 3(g)	Material Changes
	Schedule
    3(h)	Litigation
	


Schedule
3(j)


	Intellectual
    Property
	














Schedule
3(l)


	Title
	Schedule 3(p)	Transactions
    with Affiliates