### SUPPORTING STATEMENT

**AIRCRAFT ENGINES**

**— SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION RELATED**  **TO EXHAUST EMISSIONS PROPOSED RULE**  **OMB Control No. 20**  **6 0**  **- NEW**  **EPA ICR No. 2427.01** 

**January 2011**Page 2 **SUPPORTING STATEMENT FOR**  **MANDATOR REPORTING OF GREENHOUSE GASES, PROPOSED RULE**  **EPA ICR No.**  **2427.01**

**1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE INFORMATION COLLECTION**  **1(a) Title of the Information Collection** TI TL E: “ Aircraft Emission Standards

– Proposed Rule.” OMB Control Number : 20 6 0

- NEW **1(b) Short Characterization/Abstrac t**  The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing a new set of emission standards for new aircraft engines. The proposed rule would require manufacturers to report production volumes, technical parameters, and emission information in addition to what is already required under the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule. **2. NEED FOR AND USE OF THE COLLECTION**  **2(a) Need/Authority for the Collection** Clean Air Act section 231 (42 U.S.C. 7571) authorizes EPA to adopt emission standards for aircraft engin es. The Clean Air Act additionally provides broad authority for EPA to collect information related to the regulations we adopt for aircraft and other emission sources (42 U.S.C. 7414(a)(1)). EPA is accordingl y adopting a new set of emission standards for aircraft gas turbine engines and adding a requirement for manufacturers to submit information related to these standards. **2(b) Practical Utility/Users of the Data** EPA will use the data to verify compliance with emission standards and to better underst and the characteristics of aircraft engines that are subject to emission standards. This information will be very

helpful in future rulemakings as we continue to explore appropriate and achievable emission standards for aircraft engines. This will be es peciall y useful in evaluating alternative approaches to specifying the transition to new standards. For example, we may want to specify a certain number of allowable exemptions for a transition period, or allow manufacturers to “earn” an allowance to prod uce higher

- emitting engines for a time with emission credits, offsetting the higher emissions with other engines that have emission levels below what would otherwise be required. **3. NONDUPLICATION, CONSULTATIONS, A** **ND OTHER CO LLECTION**  **CRITERIA**Page 3

**3(a) Nondu**  **plication** The International Civil Aviation Organization maintains and “emissions databank” with much of the information that is the subject of the proposed reporting requirement. The ICAO databank is a useful tool for providing a general overview of the aircraft fleet , but it is not updated on a consistent basis, it contains a varying amount of voluntarily reported data from each manufacturer, and it does not specificall y include information for every engine sub

- model. It also does not contain informati on on smaller thrust category turbofans or turboprops, and contains no information on engine production volumes. We need this data to conduct accurate emission inventories and develop appropriate policy; therefore, the emissions databank is not necessaril y the proper tool for us to use to inform our policy decisions, including future standard

setting actions. Furthermore, while the situation is unique here, in the context of the roles of EPA and FAA with regard to aircraft engine emission standards, it is consistent with EPA policy and practice to ask for timely and reasonable reporting of emission certification testing and other information that is relevant to our emission standards. **3(b) Public Notice Required Prior to Information Collection Request**  **( ICR** **) Submissions to OMB**  As part of the Federal Register notice on the proposed regulation , EPA is also soliciting comments on this information collection and the estimates in this I CR. EPA will solicit comments on specific aspects of the proposed inform ation collection

. In compliance with the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 USC 3501 et seq .), EPA submitted th is IC R for the proposed rule to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review and approval. **3(c) Consultations**  In developing the proposed r ule, EPA met with many

of the manufacturers that would need to submit information under the new requirements. Discussions included the extent, form, and timing of the information submissions. **3 (d)**  **Effects of Less Frequent Collection** We are proposing t o require annual reporting. This is consistent with the common practice of submitting the information to the ICAO Databank, and also with the requirement to submit greenhouse gas data. Much of the information will not change from year to year; we would e xpect that the new information would often be limited to the production volumes for the preceding ye ar. Having the information updated every year will be most helpful for confirming, in a timely

way , that manufacturers are properl y complying with regulato ry requirements. It will also help us to stay

abreast of any

developments in the characteristics of the aircraft engine industry

.Page 4

**3(e) General Guidelines**  This collection of information is consistent with all OMB guidelines under 5 CFR 1320.6

. EPA’s p roposal to allow a variet y of electronic and hard copy formats for records allows flexibility

for facilities to use a sy stem that meets their needs and is consistent with other facilit y records maintenance practices, thereb y minimizing the recordkeeping burden. **3(f) Confidentiality** In general, emission data collected under CAA sections 114 and 208 cannot be declared confidential business information (CBI). We would, h owever, generally consider manufacturers’ production volumes to be CBI and would accordi ngl y protect this information in accordance with 40 CFR p art 2. Although CBI determinations are usuall y made on a case

- by

- case basis, EPA has issued guidance on what constitutes emission data that cannot be c onsidered CBI ( 56 FR 7042 , February

21, 1991). **3(g) Sensitive Questions** This information collection does not ask an y questions concerning sexual behavior or attitudes, religious beliefs, or other matters usually considered private.
**4. THE RESPONDENTS AND THE INFORMATION REQUESTED**  The respondents i n this proposed information collection include manufacturers of aircraft gas turbine engines. **4(a) Respondents/ North American Industrial Classification Systems (NAICS)**  **Codes** All of the expected respondents are manufacturers of new aircraft engines, wh ich are represented b y NA IC S Code 336412. **4(b) Information Requested** Re porting Requirements We are proposing to require the information listed below as applicable for each affected gas turbine engine sub

- model in order to establish our own independent engine exhaust emissions database. We are seeking comment on the proposed data reporting elements. • Company

corporate name as listed on the engine ty pe certificate; • Calendar ye ar for which reporting; • Complete sub

- model name (This will generally i nclude the model name and the sub

model identifier, but may also include an engine type certificate family identifier.) • The ty pe certificate number, as issued by the FAA (Specify

if the sub

- model also has a ty pe certificate issued by

a certificating authorit y other than the FAA);Page 5

• Date of issue of t yp e certificate and / or exemption, i.e. month and year; • Emission standards to which the engine is certified, i.e. Annex 16, Volume II, edition number and publication date; • If this is a derivative eng ine, identify the original certified engine model; • Engine sub

- model that received the original type certificate for the engine type certificate famil y; • Production volume of the sub

- model for the previous calendar ye ar, or if zero, state that the engi ne model is not in production and list the date of manufacture (month and year) of the last engine produced; • Regarding the above production volume report, specify (if known) the number of engines that are intended for use on new aircraft and the number intended for use as certified (non

- exempt) spare engines on in

- use aircraft; • Reference pressure ratio; • Combustor description (ty pe of combustor where more than one typ e available on an engine); • Engine maximum rated thrust output, in kilonewtons (k N) ) or watts (W) (depending on engine ty

pe); • Unburned h ydrocarbon (HC) mass (g) total (weighted) and over each segment of the Landing and Take

- off C ycle (LTO), i.e. Take

- off, Climb, Approach, Taxi / Ground Idle; 1 • Unburned h ydrocarbon characteristic level (i.e. mass of hydrocarbons over LTO cycle / Rated Thrust (Dp/Foo); 2 • Carbon monoxide (CO) mass (g) total (weighted) and over each segment of the entire Landing and Take

- off C ycle (LTO) (i.e. Take

- off, Climb, Approach, Taxi / Ground Idle); • Carbo n monoxide (CO) characteristic level (i.e. mass of CO over LTO cycle / Rated Thrust (Dp/Foo)) ; • Nitrogen oxides (NOx) mass (g) total (weighted) and over each segment of the entire Landing and Take

- off C ycle (LTO) (i.e. Take

- off, Climb, Approach, Taxi / Ground Idle); • Nitrogen oxides (NOx) characteristic level (i.e. mass of NOx over LTO cycle / Rated Thrust (Dp/Foo)). • Smoke number total and over each segment of the entire Landing and Take

- off C ycl e (L TO) (i.e. Take

- off, Climb, Approach, Taxi / Groun d I dle); • Smoke number characteristic level; • Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) mass (g) total (weighted) and over each segment of the entire Landing and Take

- off C ycle (LTO), i.e. Take

- off, Climb, Approach, Taxi / Ground Idle; • Number of tests run per sub

- model ; • Number of engines tested per sub

- model; • Fuel flow (grams / second) total (weighted) and over each segment of the Landing and Take

- off Cycle (LTO) (i.e. Take

- off, Climb, Approach, Taxi / Ground Idle); and • Any additional remarks to the EPA. The proposed annual report would be submitted for each calendar ye ar in which a manufacturer produces any affected gas turbine engine. These reports would be due to EPA by

1 See Regulation Part 87
- Control of Air Pollution from Aircra ft and Aircraft Engines , Subpart E , §87.42 Certification report to EPA for definitions. 2 Dp/Foo : total gross emission of each gaseous pollutant (mass) / rated thrust (g/kN).Page 6

February 28 of each year, starting with the 2014 calendar ye ar. Where information pro vided for any previous year remains valid and complete, manufacturers may report your production figures and state that there are no changes instead of resubmitting the original information. To facilitate and standardize reporting, we expect to specify a p articular format for this reporting in the form of a spreadsheet or database template that we provide to each manufacturer. Note that this annual report does not affect the existing regulatory requirements in § 87.64 to report CO 2 and NOx emission data fo r purposes of greenhouse gas reporting. We are, however, clarifying those provisions to specify

that CO 2 reporting should be for individual modal values rather than a weighted composite value. Additionally , both the greenhouse gas reporting and this reporting will be incorporated into one submission in order to minimize the reporting burden to the manufacturer. Recordkeeping Requirements Manufacturers would not need to keep records other than copies of the information submitted to EPA. They

would need t o keep these records for at least three years. **5. THE INFORMATION COLLECTED** 

**– AGENCY ACTIVITIES, COLLECTION**  **METHOD S**  **, AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 5(a)**  **Agency Activities** EPA activities associated with the rule include creating a reporting template and ans wering manufacturers’ questions about how to complete the form. Once the reporting program is in place, EPA activities would include monitoring and verification of emission reports, further communication and outreach, and program evaluation. **5 (b)**  **Collec tion Methodology and Management**  Manufacturers would submit d ata electronically . We will maintain records of these files and plan to post non

- CBI data on our website. **5(c) Sm**  **all Entity Flexibility** One manufacturer, Williams International, is a small business under the criteria established by

the Small Business Administration. The proposed information collection involves a minimal amount of additional effort, so we are not proposing an y provisions to reduce the burden of sending or keeping this inform ation. **5(d) Collection Schedule** We are proposing to require annual reporting. This is consistent with the common practice of submitting the information to the ICAO Databank, and also with the requirement to submit greenhouse gas data. Much of the info rmation will not change from year to year; we would expect that the new information would often be limited to the production volumes for the preceding ye ar. Having the information updated every year will be most helpful for confirming,Page 7

in a timely

way , th at manufacturers are properl y complying with regulatory requirements. It will also help us to stay

abreast of any

developments in the characteristics of the aircraft engine industry

. **6. ESTIMATING THE BURDEN AND COST OF**  **THE COLLECTION**  This section prese nts EPA’s estimates of the burden and costs to respondents associated with the activities described in Section 4 as well as the Federal burden hours and costs associated with the activities described in Section 5(a)

. EPA estimates that, over the three year s covered by this request, the total respondent burden associated with this reporting would average 60 hours per year and the cost to all respondents of the information collection would average $ 3646 per ye ar. Section 6(a) of this ICR provides estimates of burden hours for all respondent ty pes. Section 6(b) contains estimates of respondent costs for the information collection. Section 6(c) summarizes Federal burden and costs. Section 6(d) describes the respondent universe and the total burden and cost of this collection to respondents. Section 6(e) presents the bottom line burden and cost. The burden statement for this information collection is in Section 6(f). **6(a) Estimating Respondent Burden** EPA estimates that the total annual burden to all affected entities would be 6 hours per ye ar over the three years covered b y this information collection. EPA estimates that 10 respondents will submit a report each ye ar. **6(b) Estimating Respondent Costs**  Costs to respondents associated with this information coll ection include labor costs (i.e., the cost of labor by manufacturers to meet the information collection requirements of the proposed rule) . Because the proposed requirements merel y supplement existing activities, we believe manufacturers will incur no non - labor costs (e.g., the cost of purchasing and installing equipment or contractor costs associated with providing the required information). To calculate labor costs, EPA estimated technical, managerial, clerical, and legal loaded labor rates for each in dustry sector using labor rates from the Bureau of Labor Statistics 3 and applying a 60% loading factor. 4 T he labor rates are: $71.03 for managers; $55.20 for Engineers/t echnicians; $29.65 for clerical staff, and $101.00 for legal staff. EPA estimates that the annual cost to each engine manufacturer would average 6 hours and $365 over the three ye ars covered b y this information collection. This is based on an estimated effort involving 1 hour for managers, 1.5 hours for engineers, 2 hours for clerical staff,

3 These rates reflect adjustments of the manufacturing sector's average productivity increase of 3.7% per year for 6 quarters between 2006 Q2 and 2007 Q4, based on the estimate released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in March 2008. 4 The ICR Handbook (November 2005) recommends using a multiplier of 1.6 to account for benefits and overhead related to government wages; this is considered a conservative estimate (potentially high) for the private sector.Page 8

and 1.5 hours or attorneys. Manufacturers are already required to submit similar information annually , so we expect that submitting and keeping the additional records will involve no capital costs and no O&M costs. **6(c) Estimating Agency Burden an d Cost**  This section describes the burden and cost to the Federal government associated with this information collection. Federal activities under this information collection include EPA oversight of the reporting pro gram . EPA burden and cost EPA activ ities associated with the proposed rule include oversight and implementation of the reporting program, e.g., monitoring and verification of emission reports, communication and outreach, and program evaluation

. EPA estimates that this would involve up to 1 0 staff hours per year for these activities. To develop EPA labor costs, EPA estimates the average hourl y labor rate for salary and overhead and benefits for Agency staff to be $50.14. To derive this figure, EPA multiplied the hourly compensation at G S

- 12 , Step 5 on the 2010 General Schedule pay scale ($3 2.73 ) b y the standard government benefits multiplication factor of 1.6 to acco unt for overhead and benefits. **6(d) Estimating the Respondent Universe and Total Burden and Costs** We expect to receive annual reports from 10 manufacturers. **6(e) Bottom Line Burden Hours and Costs** The estimated bottom line burden hours and costs are 60 hours per year and $ 3,646 per ye ar. **6(f**

**) Burden Statement** The respondent reporting burden for this collection of informatio n is estimated to be an average of 60 hours and $ 3,646 per ye ar . The average annual burden to EPA for this period is estimated to be 10 hours. The annual public reporting and recordkeeping burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 6 hours per response. Burden means the total time, effort, or financial r esources expended b y persons to generate, maintain, retain, or disclose or provide information to or for a Federal agency . This includes the time needed to review instructions; develop , acquire, install, and utilize technology and s ys tems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and verifying information, processing and maintaining information, and disclosing and providing information; adjust the existing way s to compl y with any prev iously applicable instructions and requirements; train personnel to be able to respond to a collection of information; search data sources; complete and review the collection of information; and transmit or otherwise disclose the information.Page 9

An agency

may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA’s regulations are listed in 40 CFR p art 9

. To comment on the Agency ' s need for this information, the accuracy of the provided burden estimates, and any suggested methods for minimizing respondent burden, including the use of automated collection techniques, EPA has established a public docket for this I CR under Docket ID Number EPA

- HQ

- OAR

- 20 10

- 0687 , which is available for online viewing at http://www.regulations.gov, or in person viewing at the Air and Radiation docket in the EPA Docket Center (EPA/DC), EPA West Building , Room 3334 , 1301 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, D.C. The EPA Docket Center Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday

through Friday , excluding legal holiday s. The telephone number for the Reading Room is (202) 566

- 1744, and the telephone number for the Air and Radiation docket is (202) 566

- 1742. An electronic version of the public docket is available at http://www.regulations.gov. This site can be used to submit or view public comments, access the index listing of the contents of the public docket, and to access those documents in the public docket that are available electronically . When in the sy stem, select “search,” then key in the Docket ID Number identified above. Also, you can send comments to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, 7 25 17th Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20503, Attention: Desk Officer for EPA. Please include the EPA Docket ID Number EPA

- HQ

- OAR

- 20 10

- 0687 and OMB Control Number 2060

- NEW on any correspondence

.