OAR Box 1851 

Prepped by Keeia Richards 

Document Number: 

36) ll-A-10 

Docket Number: 

A-90-19 

Printed 11/19/2008 11:19:51 AM Sheet 36 of 41 

P.1 
P.2 

u A-90-19 

ll-A-10 

- si*j J 

ENGINEERING 

AND COST STUDY 

-/ j-vvu-g 

0^ 

OF AIR POLLUTION CONTROL 

FOR THE 

PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY 

VOLUME 7: PHTHALIC 

ANHYDRIDE MANUFACTU 

FROM ORTHO-XYLENE 

by 

W. A. Schwartz , F. B. Higgins, Jr . , J . A. Lee, 

R. B. Mo rris, R. Newirth, and J. W . Pervie r 

Houdry Division 

Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. 

P.O . Box 427 

Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania 19061 

Contract No. 68-02-0255 

EPA Project Officer: Leslie B . Evans 

Prepared for 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

Office of Air and Waste Management 

Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards 

Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27711 

July 1975 

po-2A5 ITI^S (5.^ 
* % 

P.3 

J 

This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report 

technical data of interest to a limited number of readers. Copies are 

available free of charge to Federal employees, current contractors 

and grantees, and nonprofit organizations - as supplies permit - from 

the Air Pollution Technical Information Center, Environmental Protection 

Agency, Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27711; or, for a 

fee, from the National Technical Information Service , 5285 Port Royal 

Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161. 

This report was furnished to the Environmental Protection Agency 

by Houdry Division/Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. , Marcus Hook, 

Pennsylvania 19061, in fulfillment of Contract No. 68-02-0255. The 

contents of this report are reproduced herein as received from Houdry 

Division/Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. The opinions, findings, 

and conclusions expressed are those of the author and not necessarily 

those of the Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of company 

or product names is not to be considered as an endorsement by the 

Environmental Protection Agency. 

Publication No. EPA-450/3-73-006-g 

i i 
i AI'.I.E PA-'. 

NATIONA L EMISSION S 

KOK PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTION 

FROM ORT1IO-XYLENE Sheer. 1 of A 

Plant Code Number 

Date on-stream 

Capacity - Tons of Phthali c Anhydride/Yr. 

Average Production - Tons PAN/Yr. 

Range In Production - 7. of Max. 

By-Products - Tons/Yr. 

Maleic Anhydride 

Bensol c Acid 

Emissions t o Atmosphere 

Stream 

Flov, <"> Lbs./Hr . 

Flov Characteristi c 

If Intermitten t - Hrs. of Flov/Yr. 

Composition - T/T PAN 

Perttculet e 

Nitrogen Oxides 

Sulfur Oxldea flr.) 

Carbon Monoxide 

Carbon Dioxide 

Nitrogen 

Oxygen 

Phthalic Acid *e ) 

Phthalic Anhydride (PAN)

 (e ) 

Maleic Acid (e) 

Maleic Anhydride (MAN) <e> 

Bensolc Acid (e) 

Xylene 

Misc. Organics 

Water 

Sample Tep Location 

Date or Frequency of Sampling 

Type of Analysis 

Odor 

Vent Stacks 

Number 

Height 

Diameter 

Exit Gas Temp., °F 

SCFM per Stack' 

Type Emission Control 

Date Installe d 

Total Emissions - Ton/Ton PAN 

Hydrocarbons 

Particulate s & Aerosols (m) 

N°x 

so, 

CO 

53-1 

Scrubber 

_JI*nt _ -

530,00 0 <c> 

Continuous 

0.0011

 (d ) 

0.005 0 

( j) 

X 

X 

X 

0.001 3 

7 5' above grade 

Once In 1971 

Organic Acids - Flame Ionizatio n 

S0 X - Modified Shel l Development 

None 

1 

110' 

8'6" 

113 

118,500 

Scrubber 

1971 

1971 

64,000 

No seasonal variation 

Incinerator 

Vent 

Continuous 

0.0009 (d) 

0.0007 ( D 

0.0028 

0.1200 

X 

0.0302 

) 

) 

)0.0005 

) 

) 

3 420 (b) 

256 (b) 

Xylene 

Storage 

Continuous 

0.00004 

X 

Difficult access 

Once None 

Orsat Calc'd. 

None 

1 

None 

1 

(f) 

Product 

Storage 

Continuous 

0.0002 

. 

None 

Not beyond 

7 

limits (PAN) 

108' 

5'11 " 

1,700 

2,55 0 

Incinerato r 

1971 

0.0040 

0.0057 H ) 

0.0028

 (k ) 

Ambient 

20 

None 

10' 

302 

Sublimation Traps 

1971 

53-2 

1970 

65.000 

60 000 

No seasonal varletlo n 

Scrubber 

Vent 

540.000 

Continuous 

0.0005 

0.0019 

0.0011 

1.3960 

Accessibl e 

None 

Calc'd. 

None 

2 

100' 

6'9" 

100 

60.600 

2 Scrubbers 

1970 -." 

Incinerato r 

Vent 

27.90 0 

Continuous 

0.0068 

0.1490 

0.5728 

25.4382 

6.2938 

0.0020 

X 

1.4202 

0.0482 

X 

None 

None 

Calc'd. 

None 

1 

100' 

5' 

1,600 

5,900 

Incinerato r 

1970 

0.0035 

0.0068 

0.1510 

I TI 
TABLE PA-4 

NATIONAL EMISSIONS INVENTORY 

FOR PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTION 

FROM ORTHO-XYLENE 

Plent Code Number 

Date on-stream 

Capacity - Tons of Phthali c Anhydrlde/Yr. 

Averege Production - Tona PAN/Yr. 

Range in Production - X of Hex. 

By-ProductB - Tons/Yr. 

Maleic Anhydride 

Bensolc Acid 

Emissions t o Atmosphere 

Stream 

Flov, (•) Lbs./Hr . 

Floe Characteristi c 

i f Intermittent - Hrs. o f Flov/Yr . 

Composition - T/T PAH 

Particulat e 

Nitrogen Oxides 

Sulfur Oxides (n) 

Carbon Monoxide 

Carbon Dioxide 

Nitrogen 

Oxygen 

Phthali c Ad d (•> 

Phthali c Anhydride (PAN) <•> 

Maleic Ad d (•) 

Maleic Anhydride (MAN) <"> 

Bensol c Ad d (•) 

Xylene 

Mac . Organlca 

Vater 

Sample Tep Location 

Date or Freanency o f Sampling 

Type of Analysis 

Odor 

Vent Stacks 

Nuaber 

Height 

Diameter 

Exit Gas Teas. , °F 

SCFM per Stock 

Type Emission Control 

Date Installe d 

Tote l Emissions - Ton/Ton PAN 

Hydrocarbons 

Particulate s & Aerosols <"> 

NO, 

so, 

CO 

53-3 

1971 

43,50 0 

Incinerato r 

JItat 

40Q.OOO 

Continuous 

No seasona l varletio n 

2,50 0 <b> 

4 0 0 <°> 

Emergency 

-limit 

363.00 0 

Interxdtten t 

2 minutes/yr . 

Distillatio n 

_Uat 

SO 

Continuous 

0.0042 

X 

X 

X 

(h) 0.004 2 

0.170 0 

0.339 9 

25.932 7 

o.4585 

0.0340 

0.0306 

0.0023 

TR 

0.011 0 

X 

Availabl e 

12 samples alnc e 

Flame lonlsatlo n 

•71 

1.0198 

Avel tabl e 

None (ft) 

Han-Polarograph 

CO, Cto&HCby GC 

Not beyond better y limits 

(Unknovn) 

1 

100' 

7' 

500 

& 90,000 

2 Incinerator s 

1971 

(PAN & MAN) 

150 

81,00 0 

0.011 0 

0 0044

 (h ) 

None 

Hone 

Calc'd. 

None 

I 

100' 

6" 

135 

11 

Ejector Hotveil 

X 

None 

None 

None 

None 

4 

50' 

2 ' 

392 

12.80 0 

0.0032 

3.018 2 

Availabl e 

4 tiroes Oct. 71 -Feb . 72 

Pert. - Fed. Reg. Method 5, 

NQ_ - EPA Method 7 - Oraat 

Only during flame-out 

(4 time s per ycer ) 

2 

200' 

7'6" 

482 

84.500 

2 Incinerator s -t-W.H. Boiler s 

1971 

0.009 6 

0.0014 

0.005 0 

0.0013 

Sheet 2 of 4 

53-4 

1971 

97,50 0 

65.000 

No seesone l verletio n 

Start-Up 

Vent 

57,00 0 

Intermitten t 

Process Vent 

Incinerato r Fff1...pr 

745,00 0 

Continuous 

0.0002 

0.001 3 

0.00 1 

0.0001 

1.3251 

34.400 1 

7.9023 

Distillatio n 

Inclnaniator Effluent 

18,000 

Continuous 

0.0001 

0.0001 

0.0012 

0.0626 

0.6263 

0 0939 

0.000 1 

0.344 4 

Availabl e 

Twice 

NO, - EPA Method 

Oraat 

None 

1 

100' 

2'9 " 

1200 - 1600 (o) 

4650 

Incinerator 

1971 
TABLE PA-4 

NATIONAL EMISSIONS INVENTORY 

FOR PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE PRODUCTION 

FROM OBTHO-ltYLENE Sheet 3 of 4 

Plant Code Number 

Data on-stream 

Capacity - Tana of Phthalic Anhydrlde/Yr. 

Averege Production - Tons PAN/Yr. 

Renge In Production - X of Max. 

By-Producte - Tons/Yr. 

Maleic Anhydride 

Bensolc Acid 

Emissions to Atmosphere 

Stream 

Flov,

 (*> Lbs./Hr. 

Flov Characteristic 

If Intermittent - Hrs. of Flov/Yr. 

Composition - T/T PAN 

Particulate 

Nitrogen Oxides 

Sulfur Oxides (n) 

Carbon Monoxide 

Carbon Dioxide 

Nitrogen 

Oxygen 

Phthalic Acid <e> 

Phthalic Anhydride (PAN) (e) 

Maleic Acid (e) 

Maleic Anhydride (MAN) <e> 

Bensolc Acid (*) 

Xylene 

Misc. Orgenlcs 

Vater 

Sample Tap Location 

Date or Frequency of Sampling 

Type of Analysis 

Odor 

Vent Stacks 

Nuaber 

Height 

Dlemeter 

Exit Gas Temp., °F 

SCFM per Stack 

Type Emission Control 

Dete Installed 

Total Emissions - Ton/Ton PAN 

Hydrocarbons 

Particulates & Aerosols'") 

N0X 

S0X 

CO 

Process 

Vent 

Continuous 

0.1551 

0.0017 

0.0016 

0.0638 

Accessible 

Not Normally Sampled 

Flame Ionization 

Product 

Storage 

Cont inuous 

53-5 

23.000 

No seasonal variation 

Light Ends 

from Pretreatment 

Unknovn 

Continuous 

0.0016 

Accessible 

None 

Calc'd . 

1 

85' 

3' 

110 

40,00 0 

2 

15" 

2" 

300 

14 

Light Ends 

From Distillation 

Unknovn 

Continuous 

Flaker 

Exhaust 

Bapping 

Exhaust 

Yes but no complaints (PAN 6. MAN) Not beyond battery limits (PAN) None 

1 

75" 

2" 

275 

0.0688 

0.1551 

85' 

2" 

700 

Continuous Continuous 

0.0001 

Hazardous 

None 

None 

Accessible 

None 

None 

Impossible 

None 

Calc'd. 

Accessible 

None 

None 

i 

60' 

14" 

Ambient 

1 

1 

20* 

18" x 1 

Ambient 

165 

Tl 

b> 
r PA-13 

Table pA-4 Footnotes 

(a 

Sheet 4 of 4 

Based on average production rate if available, othervise based on design 

capacity. 

(b) Not recovered, burned in on-site incinerator. 

(c) Estimated based on approximate material balance. 

(d) Primarily MgC03 & CaC03 from water supply. 

(e) Normally vapor but can be present as particulate at low temperature. 

(f) Emission rate 0.00014 T/T PAN during tank filling operations (47 times 

per year). 

(g) Stream sampled ten times but never during emergency. 

(h) Excludes S02 produced from supplemental fuel. Maximum additional S02 

from the source is 0.0028 T/T. In 1973 SO2 from this source will drop 

to 0.0002 T/T. 

(j) Stream not analyzed for CO content. 

(k) Excludes CO contained in scrubber vent. 

(1) Includes 0.0007 T/T of sulfur dioxide resulting from sulfur contained 

in fuel. 

(m) Includes PAN, MAN and organic acids. 

(n) Function of catalyst age and incinerator fuel sulfur content. 

(o) Temperature set at 1200° F for light end feed and 1600° F for intermittent 

feed of distillation reject liquid. 

It should be noted that flow rates and compositions shown for intermittent 

streams represent emissions during flowing condition and not yearly averaged 

values. The total plant emissions figures shown are averaged emissions for 

extended periods of operation.