```

[Congressional Bills 104th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 602 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

104th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 602

To amend the NATO Participation Act of 1994 to expedite the transition 
    to full membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization of 
         European countries emerging from Communist domination.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             March 23, 1995

 Mr. Brown (for himself, Mr. Simon, Mr. Dole, Ms. Mikulski, Mr. Roth, 
Mr. McConnell, and Mr. McCain) introduced the following bill; which was 
     read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
To amend the NATO Participation Act of 1994 to expedite the transition 
    to full membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization of 
         European countries emerging from Communist domination.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``NATO Participation Act Amendments of 
1995''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Since 1949, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
        (NATO) has played an essential role in guaranteeing the 
        security, freedom, and prosperity of the United States and its 
        partners in the Alliance.
            (2) NATO has expanded its membership on three different 
        occasions since 1949.
            (3) The sustained commitment of the member countries of 
        NATO to mutual defense of their security ultimately made 
        possible the democratic transformation in Central and Eastern 
        Europe and the demise of the Soviet Union.
            (4) NATO was designed to be and remains a defensive 
        military organization whose members have never contemplated the 
        use of, or used, military force to expand the borders of its 
        member states.
            (5) While the immediate threat to the security of the 
        United States and its allies has been reduced with the collapse 
        of the Iron Curtain, new security threats, such as the 
        situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, are emerging to the shared 
        interests of the member countries of NATO.
            (6) NATO remains the only multilateral security 
        organization capable of conducting effective military 
        operations to protect Western security interests.
            (7) NATO has played a positive role in defusing tensions 
        between NATO members and, as a result, no military action has 
        occurred between two NATO member states since the inception of 
        NATO in 1949.
            (8) NATO is also an important diplomatic forum for the 
        discussion of issues of concern to its member states and for 
        the peaceful resolution of disputes.
            (9) America's security, freedom, and prosperity remain 
        linked to the security of the countries of Europe.
            (10) Any threat to the security of the newly emerging 
        democracies in Central Europe would pose a security threat to 
        the United States and its European allies.
            (11) The admission to NATO of Central and East European 
        countries that have been freed from Communist domination and 
        that meet specific criteria for NATO membership would 
        contribute to international peace and enhance the security of 
        the region.
            (12) A number of countries have expressed varying degrees 
        of interest in NATO membership, and have taken concrete steps 
        to demonstrate this commitment.
            (13) Full integration of Central and East European 
        countries into the North Atlantic Alliance after such countries 
        meet essential criteria for admission would enhance the 
        security of the Alliance and, thereby, contribute to the 
        security of the United States.
            (14) The expansion of NATO can create the stable 
        environment needed to successfully complete the political and 
        economic transformation envisioned by Eastern and Central 
        European countries.
            (15) In recognition that not all countries which have 
        requested membership in NATO will necessarily qualify at the 
        same pace, the date for membership of each country will vary.
            (16) The provision of NATO transition assistance should 
        include those countries most ready for closer ties with NATO, 
        such as Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia and 
        should be designed to assist other countries meeting specified 
        criteria of eligibility to move toward eventual NATO 
        membership, including Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Ukraine, 
        Romania, Bulgaria, and Slovenia.
            (17) Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia have made significant 
        progress in preparing for NATO membership and should be given 
        every consideration for inclusion in programs for NATO 
        transition assistance.

SEC. 3. UNITED STATES POLICY.

    It should be the policy of the United States--
            (1) to join with the NATO allies of the United States to 
        redefine the role of the NATO Alliance in the post-Cold War 
        world;
            (2) to actively assist European countries emerging from 
        communist domination in their transition so that such countries 
        may eventually qualify for NATO membership;
            (3) to use the voice and vote of the United States to urge 
        observer status in the North Atlantic Council for countries 
        designated under section 203(d) of the NATO Participation Act 
        of 1994 (as amended by this Act) as eligible for NATO 
        transition assistance; and
            (4) to work to define the political and security 
        relationship between an enlarged NATO and the Russian 
        Federation.

SEC. 4. REVISIONS TO PROGRAM TO FACILITATE TRANSITION TO NATO 
              MEMBERSHIP.

    (a) Establishment of Program.--Subsection (a) of section 203 of the 
NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title II of Public Law 103-447; 22 
U.S.C. 1928 note) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) Establishment of Program.--The President shall establish a 
program to assist countries designated under subsection (d) in the 
transition to full NATO membership.''.
    (b) Eligible Countries.--
            (1) Eligibility.--Subsection (d) of section 203 of such Act 
        is amended to read as follows:
    ``(d) Designation of Eligible Countries.--
            ``(1) Specific countries.--The following countries are 
        hereby designated for purposes of this title: Poland, Hungary, 
        the Czech Republic, and Slovakia.
            ``(2) Other european countries emerging from communist 
        domination.--In addition to the countries designated in 
        paragraph (1), the President may designate other European 
        countries emerging from Communist domination to receive 
        assistance under the program established under subsection (a). 
        The President may make such a designation in the case of any 
        such country only if the President determines, and reports to 
        the designated congressional committees, that such country--
                    ``(A) has made significant progress toward 
                establishing--
                            ``(i) shared values and interests;
                            ``(ii) democratic governments;
                            ``(iii) free market economies;
                            ``(iv) civilian control of the military, of 
                        the police, and of intelligence services;
                            ``(v) adherence to the values, principles, 
                        and political commitments embodied in the 
                        Helsinki Final Act of the Organization on 
                        Security and Cooperation in Europe; and
                            ``(vi) more transparent defense budgets and 
                        is participating in the Partnership For Peace 
                        defense planning process;
                    ``(B) has made public commitments--
                            ``(i) to further the principles of NATO and 
                        to contribute to the security of the North 
                        Atlantic area;
                            ``(ii) to accept the obligations, 
                        responsibilities, and costs of NATO membership; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) to implement infrastructure 
                        development activities that will facilitate 
                        participation in and support for NATO military 
                        activities;
                    ``(C) meets standards of the NATO allies to prevent 
                the sale or other transfer of defense articles to a 
                state that has repeatedly provided support for acts of 
                international terrorism, as determined by the Secretary 
                of State under section 6(j)(1)(A) of the Export 
                Administration Act of 1979; and
                    ``(D) is likely, within five years of such 
                determination, to be in a position to further the 
                principles of the North Atlantic Treaty and to 
                contribute to its own security and that of the North 
                Atlantic area.''.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Subsections (b) and (c) of section 203 of such 
                Act are amended by striking ``countries described in 
                such subsection'' each of the two places it appears and 
                inserting ``countries designated under subsection 
                (d)''.
                    (B) Subsection (e) of section 203 of such Act is 
                amended--
                            (i) by striking ``subsection (d)'' and 
                        inserting ``subsection (d)(2)''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``(22 U.S.C. 2394)'' 
                        before the period at the end.
                    (C) Section 204(c) of such Act is amended by 
                striking ``any other Partnership for Peace country 
                designated under section 203(d)'' and inserting ``any 
                country designated under section 203(d)(2)''.
    (c) Types of Assistance.--Section 203(c) of such Act is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
        subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subparagraph (D) (as redesignated) 
        the following new subparagraphs:
            ``(E) Assistance under chapter 4 of part II of the Foreign 
        Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to the Economic Support Fund).
            ``(F) Funds appropriated under the `Nonproliferation and 
        Disarmament Fund' account''.
            ``(G) Funds appropriated under chapter 6 of part II of the 
        Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to peacekeeping 
        operations and other programs).''.
            (3) by inserting ``(1)'' immediately after ``Type of 
        Assistance.--''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
    ``(2) For fiscal years 1996 and 1997, in providing assistance under 
chapter 5 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 for the 
countries designated under subsection (d), the President shall include 
as an important component of such assistance the provision of 
sufficient language training to enable military personnel to 
participate further in programs for military training and in defense 
exchange programs.
    ``(3) Of the amounts made available under chapter 5 of part II of 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (relating to international military 
education and training), not less than $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1996 
and not less than $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1997 shall be available 
only for--
            ``(A) the attendance of additional military personnel of 
        Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia at 
        professional military education institutions in the United 
        States in accordance with section 544 of such Act; and
            ``(B) the placement and support of United States 
        instructors and experts at military educational centers within 
        the foreign countries designated under subsection (d) that are 
receiving assistance under that chapter.''.

SEC. 5. PARTICIPATION IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL.

    The NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title II of Public Law 103-447; 
22 U.S.C. 1928 note) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 205 as section 206; and
            (2) by inserting after section 204 the following:

``SEC. 205. PARTICIPATION IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC COUNCIL.

    ``The President should, at all bilateral and international fora, 
use of the voice and vote of the United States to urge observer status 
in the North Atlantic Council for countries designated under section 
203(d) commensurate with their progress toward attaining NATO 
membership.''.

SEC. 6. TERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY.

    Section 203(f) of the NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title II of 
Public Law 103-447; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Termination of Eligibility.--(1) The eligibility of a country 
designated under subsection (d) for the program established in 
subsection (a) shall terminate 60 days after the President makes a 
certification under paragraph (2) unless, within the 60-day period, the 
Congress enacts a joint resolution disapproving the termination of 
eligibility.
    ``(2) Whenever the President determines that the government of a 
country designated under subsection (d)--
            ``(A) no longer meets the criteria set forth in subsection 
        (d)(2)(A);
            ``(B) is hostile to the NATO alliance; or
            ``(C) poses a national security threat to the United 
        States,
then the President shall so certify to the appropriate congressional 
committees.''.
    (b) Congressional Priority Procedures.--Section 203 of such Act is 
amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(g) Congressional Priority Procedures.--
            ``(1) Applicable procedures.--A joint resolution described 
        in paragraph (2) which is introduced in a House of Congress 
        after the date on which a certification made under subsection 
        (f)(2) is received by Congress shall be considered in 
        accordance with the procedures set forth in paragraphs (3) 
        through (7) of section 8066(c) of the Department of Defense 
        Appropriations Act, 1985 (as contained in Public Law 98-473 (98 
        Stat. 1936)), except that--
                    ``(A) references to the `resolution described in 
                paragraph (1)' shall be deemed to be references to the 
                joint resolution; and
                    ``(B) references to the Committee on Appropriations 
                of the House of Representatives and to the Committee on 
                Appropriations of the Senate shall be deemed to be 
                references to the Committee on International Relations 
                of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
                Foreign Relations of the Senate.
            ``(2) Text of joint resolution.--A joint resolution under 
        this paragraph is a joint resolution the matter after the 
        resolving clause of which is as follows: `That the Congress 
        disapproves the certification submitted by the President on 
        ____________ pursuant to section 203(f) of the NATO 
        Participation Act of 1994.'.''.

SEC. 7. REPORTS.

    (a) Annual Report.--Section 206 of the NATO Participation Act of 
1994 (title II of Public Law 103-447; 22 U.S.C. 1928 note), as 
redesignated by section 5(1) of this Act, is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``annual'' in the section heading before 
        the first word;
            (2) by inserting ``annual'' after ``include in the'' in the 
        matter preceding paragraph (1);
            (3) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Partnership for Peace'' 
        and inserting ``European''; and
            (4) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting instead the 
        following new paragraph:
            ``(2) In the event that the President determines that, 
        despite a period of transition assistance, a country designated 
        under section 203(d) has not, as of January 10, 1999, met the 
        standards for NATO membership set forth in Article 10 of the 
        North Atlantic Treaty, the President shall transmit a report to 
        the designated congressional committees containing an 
        assessment of the progress made by that country in meeting 
        those standards.''.

SEC. 8. DEFINITIONS.

    The NATO Participation Act of 1994 (title II of Public Law 103-447; 
22 U.S.C. 1928 note), as amended by this Act, is further amended by 
adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 207. DEFINITIONS.

    ``For purposes of this title:
            ``(1) NATO.--The term `NATO' means the North Atlantic 
        Treaty Organization.
            ``(2) Designated congressional committees.--The term 
        `designated congressional committees' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on International Relations, the 
                Committee on National Security, and the Committee on 
                Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and
                    ``(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
                Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on 
                Appropriations of the Senate.
            ``(3) European countries emerging from communist 
        domination.--The term `European countries emerging from 
        Communist domination' includes, but is not limited to, Albania, 
        Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, 
        Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Ukraine.''.
                                 <all>
```