# Patent

## Title
Voting apparatus with secure ballot box assembly

## Abstract

A ballot box assembly includes a secure location for storing a paper ballot generated by an interactive user terminal. The assembly includes a housing, a ballot storage chamber, an aperture and a drive assembly. The housing is provided for holding the ballot generated by the interactive user terminal. The housing includes a coupling portion for removably securing the housing to the interactive user terminal. The ballot storage chamber is disposed within the housing. The aperture is provided for receiving the ballot from the interactive user terminal when the housing is secured to the interactive user terminal. The aperture passes through the housing. The drive assembly is provided for conveying the ballot from the aperture to the inner ballot storage chamber. The drive assembly selectively blocks passage of the ballot between the aperture and the ballot storage chamber. An input device is provided for authenticating a voting session.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/043,590, filed Mar. 6, 2008, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,038,053 on Oct. 18, 2011, herein incorporated by reference.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention generally relates to an apparatus and a system for and method of securely generating and storing a ballot as part of a voting apparatus. In particular, the invention relates to a ballot box assembly for an interactive voting apparatus, as well as the system and method of generating the ballot and conveying it to a secure ballot box, as well as a secure authentication for initiating a voting session.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Providing a reliable and secure method, apparatus and/or system for collecting and counting votes is paramount to a democratic system of government. One method requires a voter to cast their votes by entering their selections into a machine that generates a paper record or ballot, which is then collected and later counted. While the collection of paper ballots is fairly reliable and secure, it does have its problems.
In contemporary voting systems, problems are encountered relating to the accuracy of the ballot. In particular, the generated ballot may not precisely reflect the voter's selections. Also, the voter is not given an opportunity to review the paper ballot generated by the machine, prior to it being deposited in a ballot box. Thus, the voter must trust that the machine will properly record his or her vote.
Also, ballots are traditionally made of paper or some similar material. However, the transfer of such material from the voting machine into the ballot box encounters other problems. Generally, voting machines rely on gravity to “drop” the ballot into the ballot box. Alternatively, a paper handling system inside the voting machine pushes the ballot into the ballot box. Either way, such systems are unreliable since the ballot is prone to getting jammed as it is pushed or otherwise externally forced into the ballot box.
Further, the ballot box itself becomes a security risk if someone can tamper with the contents. In particular, the integrity of the ballot box contents becomes compromised when an unauthorized person is able to either remove ballots from or insert ballots into a ballot box after it is separated from the voting machine. Ballot boxes include simple mechanical covers or doors that close an aperture used for inserting ballots. Such covers or doors can often be opened by poll workers or other non-authorized personnel, thus compromising the integrity of the ballots therein.
There is therefore a need for an efficient, reliable and secure method, apparatus or system for collecting and counting votes, which overcomes the shortcomings found in the prior art as set forth above. Such a method, apparatus or system preferably allows a voter to review their generated ballot before it is deposited within the ballot box. Also, a more reliable method, apparatus or system of depositing ballots within the ballot box should be provided. Preferably, such a method, apparatus or system is capable of keeping the ballot box secure, even after it is separated from the voting machine.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a voting apparatus includes a housing and interactive user terminal associated with the housing for receiving a voter selection. The generating means are disposed within the interactive user terminal. A ballot box receives the generated ballot. The ballot box is removeably coupled to the interactive user terminal for securely storing the generated ballot. The ballot box includes a drive assembly for conveying the ballot into a chamber within the ballot box. An input device provides for authenticating a voting session.
In various further specific forms, the input device is a pin pad, and the pin pad can optionally be removeably attached to the housing. For example, the pin pad may be a hand-held device, such as a PDA. Alternatively, the input device can be integrated or incorporated into the interactive user interface.
Optionally, the drive assembly can be disposed within the housing. The coupling portion can be disposed within the interactive user terminal when the outer housing is secured to the interactive user terminal. The drive assembly can be activated by the interactive user terminal. The coupling portion can include a contact element for communicating at least one of power and signaling information from the interactive user terminal to the drive assembly. The drive assembly can include at least one roller for engaging the ballot. The drive assembly further includes a guide surface disposed below the aperture for directing the ballot toward the at least one roller.
Further, optionally, the interactive user terminal can include a ballot display window for displaying the generated ballot to a user prior to conveying the ballot to the chamber within the ballot box. The drive assembly can be contained within at least one of the interactive user terminal and the ballot box. The drive assembly can include at least one roller for engaging the generated ballot. The drive assembly can further include a guide surface disposed below a ballot box aperture for directing the ballot toward the at least one roller. The drive assembly can be activated by the interactive user terminal. Also, the means for generating a ballot can be a printer assembly contained within the interactive user terminal.
The present invention, in another form thereof, relates to a method for establishing a voting session. The method includes authenticating a voting session by an authorized voting personnel using an input device operatively associated with a voting apparatus. A voter input is received from the interactive user terminal and a paper ballot is generated inside the interactive user terminal corresponding to the received user input. The ballot is conveyed through an aperture in the ballot box using a drive assembly contained in the ballot box, while the ballot box is removeably coupled to the interactive user terminal. At least a portion of the ballot box is disposed inside the interactive user terminal, such that the paper ballot is deposited inside the ballot box from inside the interactive user terminal.
Other embodiments and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that the drawings are designed as an illustration only and not as a definition of the limits of the invention.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1a is a partially exploded rear perspective view of a voting apparatus with a secure ballot box assembly pulled away from the assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1b is a rear perspective view of the voting apparatus of FIG. 1, showing the printer assembly in an open position, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a voting system including a user interface, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a ballot handling path within the voting apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 4a-e are respectively a perspective, right side, top, front, left side views of a ballot box assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 5a-e are respectively a perspective, right side, left side, top and front views of a ballot box assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view of a pin pad in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a partial exploded rear perspective view of another voting apparatus in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a screen shot of a pin pad in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
With reference to the drawings, FIGS. 1a, 1b and 2 show a voting system 10 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The voting system 10 includes a main housing unit 100 and a removeably coupled ballot box 200. Additionally, in the embodiment shown, the main housing unit 100 also includes an internal printer assembly 300 for securely generating ballots. Once a ballot is generated and approved by the user, it can be securely conveyed to and deposited within the coupled ballot box 200. In FIGS. 1a and 1b, the secure ballot box 200 is shown pulled away or uncoupled from the main housing unit 100. The main housing unit 100 is preferably provided with a coupling arrangement for having the ballot box 200 removeably secured thereto. The coupling arrangement preferably provides a configuration that enables a secure transfer of a ballot from inside the main housing unit 100 to the ballot box 200. Also, the ballot box 200 preferably includes a secure design that prevents tampering or fraud.
The main housing unit 100 shown in the drawings is an exemplary portable interactive user terminal. Supplemental features, such as handles 115 and edge guards 117 can be provided to assist in moving and protecting the unit 100. Also, fold-out arms 110 may be provided for maintaining the unit in a substantially vertical position as shown. The left arm 110 is shown in FIG. 1a in a stored position, but both arms 110 can preferably be rotated to extend away from the back of the unit 100, as shown in FIG. 1b. As the main housing 100 preferably includes an interactive user terminal, the arms 110 are configured to allow the unit 100 to lean slightly backward, providing a slight tilt to the user interface. Other features include removeably secured redundant memory ports 120, speakers 135 and additional input/output ports 125 as commonly found in contemporary desktop computer systems.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the voting system 10, showing a user 50 interacting with a user interface 140 that displays information while also providing a primary means for the user 50 to input information and/or make selections. Preferably, the user interface 140 is a touch-screen apparatus, such as those used in contemporary automated teller machines (ATM's) and other interactive electronic kiosks.
It should be understood that in place of or in addition to the touch-screen user interface 140, a contemporary user monitor and keyboard (not shown) can be provided in the front of the housing unit 100 for user 50 input. Such a keyboard can be similar to the keyboards used with traditional computer terminals or more compact versions used in hand-held mobile communication devices.
FIGS. 1a, 1b and 6 show a supplemental hand-held keypad 145 that can be stored in a pocket or recess on the main housing unit 100. The hand-held keypad 145 can be provided as an alternative input means for authorized personnel to enter security codes or information, or for people with special needs to make their voting selections. In the illustrated embodiment, the hand-held keypad 145 is stored in the rear of the machine, but such a pocket could be located almost anywhere on the unit 100. Preferably, such a hand-held device 145 is easily removed from the rear pocket for a user 50 to handle and operate.
The hand-held keypad 145 can be used by authorized personnel to initiate a voting session, program the voting system 10 or for other official uses. For example, authorized personnel can use hand-held keypad 145 to enter a PIN number or authorization code to lock and unlock the voting system 10 and to gain access to management settings of the voting system 10. Further, the hand-held keypad 145 can be used by authorized personnel, e.g., poll workers, to enter their user code, followed by their password, to activate a voting session.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, rather than a removable, hand-held keypad, voting system 1010 has a permanently affixed pin pad 1147. Otherwise, voting system 1010 is the same as voting system 10. In yet an alternative voting system, rather than a removable hand-held device 145 or integrated pin pad 1147, the user interface 140 may include pin pad 2149 (FIG. 8) for use as an alternative input means for authorized personnel having the same functionality as described above with regard to hand-held keypad 145.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a ballot handling path 305 as a ballot (not shown) passes through the voting apparatus 10. The ballot handling path 305 in a preferred embodiment originates in a stock ballot tray 315. As part of the system and method described herein, a ballot is moved from the stock ballot tray 315 along the path 305 to a printing station adjacent the printer 310. The stock ballot tray 315 preferably holds blank ballots. The printer 310 will then fill-in the ballot with the user's selection (i.e., the voter's elections). Although the blank ballots preferably include some pre-printed material on them, they could alternatively start completely blank. Also, while the ballots are preferably a card stock, other paper or materials could be used, including a roll of paper combined with a cutter for creating individual ballots.
Once a user 50 has indicated that he/she is finished with his/her selections, the ballot gets moved, at least temporarily, to a ballot review station adjacent the ballot display window 130 for the user to view. The ballot display window 130 is also illustrated in FIG. 2. The ballot display window 130 is intended to give the user a chance to view the printed ballot and confirm it accurately represents the selections the user made through the interactive terminal 140. If the ballot is inaccurate, preferably the user can direct the ballot back to the printing station to void and/or correct the inaccurate ballot before it is sent to and deposited in the ballot box 200. Otherwise, if the printed ballot is approved by the user 50, it then gets moved to the ballot box 200 through the ballot box aperture 230, over guide surface 232, past the mechanical roller assembly 250 into the internal ballot box chamber 290.
FIGS. 4a-4e show further details of the ballot box assembly 200. An access lid 220 provides secure access to the internal ballot box chamber 290. The access lid 220 is supported by a protruding internal shoulder 222 and attached to a rear end by hinge 241 of the rear top cover 240 for the ballot box. The access lid 220 is also secured at a front end of the ballot box by engaging elements 215 of the locking mechanism 210. A handling tab 225 is provided to make the lid 220 easier to open once the locking mechanism 210 is released. Also, the handling tab 225 can be used for holding the lid 220 as it is slid back under the portion 241 of the rear top cover 240. The ballot box aperture 230 is disposed in a portion of the rear top cover 240. Also, the aperture 230 is located above the internal mechanical roller assembly 250. The rear top cover 240 also has a power contact aperture 245. This smaller aperture 245 allows electrical contact to be made from contact elements (not shown) inside the main unit 100 to the drive assembly contacts 255, to power the mechanical roller assembly 250.
An interlock entrance 235 of the ballot box 200 engages with a tumble lock 160 (FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b) of the main housing unit 100 to lockingly secure the ballot box 200 to the main housing unit 100. Advantageously, the interlock entrance 235 acts as a level indicator when the ballot box 200 is removed from the main housing 100. The level indicator feature allows poll workers or other individuals managing the system 10 to see or at least get a general idea of how many ballots are in the ballot box 200. In this way, when the ballot box 200 is removed from the main housing 100, one can view the height of the stack of ballots contained in the ballot box 200 which rises past interlock entrance 235.
FIGS. 5a-5e show further details of the drive assembly 250, which is disposed in the rear upper portion of the ballot box 200. Frame 252 supports the elements of the drive assembly 250 and attaches to the ballot box 200. One function of the drive assembly 250 is to draw-in a ballot, after it is conveyed or simply dropped from the ballot display window 130 toward the ballot box 200, as shown in FIG. 3. Also, once the ballot box 200 is uncoupled from the main housing unit 100, the drive assembly 250 preferably becomes inoperable, thus preventing anyone from inserting/removing one or more ballots.
The drive assembly 250 includes a traction roller 260, a rigid roller 262 and a slide plate 264, which cooperate to direct each ballot into the ballot box chamber 290. Each roller 260, 262 is supported by a drive shaft 261, 263, respectively and both drive shafts are supported at opposed ends by the drive assembly frame 252. Generally, just after passing through the ballot aperture 230, the ballot will engage the slide plate 264. The slide plate 264 directs to ballot toward the rollers 260, 262. The traction roller 260 is driven directly by motor 270. As a result, each roller 260, 262 rotates counter to each another. Thus, with reference to FIG. 5b, the upper roller 260 rotates clockwise, while the lower roller 262 rotates counterclockwise. Once a ballot engages either roller 260, 262 it is immediately directed toward the area between both rollers 260, 262. Preferably, this causes both rollers 260, 262 to engage and draw the ballot toward and into the chamber 290.
The drive assembly 250 is driven by motor 270. Preferably, motor 270 is a 12 volt DC motor that is supplied current through metal drive assembly contacts 255. However, it should be understood that an alternative motor assembly can be used. Also, the drive assembly contacts 255 can alternatively comprise a mating pin assembly. Thus, in addition to conveying power between the main housing unit 100 and the ballot box 200, the contacts 255 can be adapted to receive signaling information in order to prevent unauthorized activation of the drive assembly 250. Preferably, when a user 50 enters his or her approval of a ballot displayed in the ballot window 130, power and/or a signal is transmitted through contacts 255 to the motor 270, which in turn activates the motor 270. Thus, rotation of the motor gear 272 activates the roller gears 274, 276, which in-turn drive the rollers 260, 262. After a predetermined time interval, the main unit 100 can cut-off power to the drive assembly 250, when it is presumed the ballot will have fully passed through the rollers 260, 262. Alternatively, the drive assembly 250 can include one or more sensors that detect whether the ballot is present in or near the aperture 130, thus activating the motor 270.
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, a rear side of the ballot box 200 is inserted in direction A into a housing aperture 150. The housing aperture 150 is designed to matingly receive a portion of the ballot box 200 for coupling to the main housing unit 100. Thus, at least a portion of the ballot box 200 is disposed inside the main housing unit 100 when fully seated. Also, once the ballot box 200 is properly seated inside aperture 150, the contacts 255 should engage housing unit elements (not shown) for transferring power and/or signals to the drive assembly 250.
It should be understood that the main housing unit 100 can be formed with different proportions and/or an entirely different configuration of elements. Also, the user interface 140 or other supplemental features can be separate peripheral elements securely coupled to the main housing unit 100. Further, additional drive assembly can be provided to further guide the ballots along the ballot handling path 305.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to those precise embodiments and that various other changes and modifications may be affected herein by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, and that it is intended to claim all such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the invention.

## Claims

1. A voting apparatus, said apparatus comprising:
a housing;
an interactive user terminal associated with the housing and for receiving a voter selection;
a means for generating a paper ballot containing information corresponding to the voter selection, the generating means disposed within the interactive user terminal;
a ballot box for receiving the generated ballot, the ballot box being removably coupled to the interactive user terminal for securely storing the generated ballot, the ballot box including a drive assembly for conveying the ballot into a chamber within the ballot box; and
an input device for authenticating a voting session.

2. The voting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the input device is a pin pad.

3. The voting apparatus of claim 2, wherein the pin pad is removably attached to the housing.

4. The voting apparatus of voting machine of claim 3, wherein the pin pad is a hand-held device.

5. The voting apparatus of claim 4, wherein the pin pad device is a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA).

6. The voting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the input device is incorporated into the interactive user interface.

7. The voting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive assembly is disposed in a ballot box housing for holding the generated paper ballot within a ballot storage chamber of the housing, and drive assembly is selectively operable to feed a ballot from the interactive user terminal into the ballot box.

8. The voting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the interactive user terminal includes a ballot display window for displaying the generated ballot to a user prior to conveying the ballot to the chamber within the ballot box.

9. The voting apparatus of claim 8, wherein the drive assembly comprises an electric motor operable to selectively convey a ballot from the interactive user interface into the ballot box only when the ballot box is attached to the interactive user terminal and activated by the interactive user terminal.

10. The voting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive assembly includes at least one roller for engaging the generated ballot.

11. The voting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive assembly is activated by the interactive user terminal.

12. The voting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for generating a ballot is a printer assembly contained within the interactive user terminal.

13. A method of establishing a voting session, the method comprising:
authenticating a voting session by an authorized voting personal using an input device operatively associated with a voting apparatus;
receiving a voter input from the interactive user terminal;
generating a paper ballot inside the interactive user terminal corresponding to the received user input; and
conveying the ballot through an aperture in the ballot box using a drive assembly contained in the ballot box while the ballot box is removably coupled to the interactive user terminal, wherein at least a portion of the ballot box is disposed inside the interactive user terminal, such that the paper ballot is deposited inside the ballot box from inside the interactive user terminal.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the input device is a pin pad device.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising removing the pin pad from a housing of the voting apparatus before authenticating the voting session.

16. The method of claim 13, wherein authenticating the voting session comprises authenticating the session using a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA).

17. The method of claim 13, wherein authenticating the voting session comprises authenticating the session using a pin pad which is incorporated into the interactive user interface.

18. The method of claim 13, wherein the drive assembly is a motorized drive assembly.

19. The method of claim 13, further comprising displaying the generated ballot from inside the interactive user terminal to a user.

20. The method of claim 13, further comprising activating the drive assembly in response to the user input from the interactive user terminal.