8584 Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 27 / Thursday, February 8, 2024 / Proposed Rules 

opportunity to submit ‘‘written data, 

views, or arguments’’ regarding a 

proposed rule. 5 U.S.C. 553(c); 15 U.S.C. 

2058(d)(2). The NPR invited such 

written comments. In addition, section 

9 of the CPSA requires the Commission 

to provide interested parties ‘‘an 

opportunity for oral presentation of 

data, views, or arguments.’’ 15 U.S.C. 

2058(d)(2). The Commission must keep 

a transcript of such oral presentations. 

Id. In accordance with this requirement, 

the Commission is providing a forum for 

oral presentations concerning the 

proposed standard for residential gas 

furnaces and boilers. 

To request the opportunity to make an 

oral presentation, see the information 

under the DATES and ADDRESSES sections 

of this notice. Participants should limit 

their presentations to approximately 10 

minutes, excluding time for questions 

from the Commission or staff. To avoid 

duplicate presentations, groups should 

designate a spokesperson, and the 

Commission reserves the right to limit 

presentation times or impose further 

restrictions, as necessary. 

Alberta E. Mills, 

Secretary, Consumer Product Safety 

Commission. 

[FR Doc. 2024–02563 Filed 2–7–24; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6355–01–P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

40 CFR Part 141 

[EPA–HQ–OW–2023–0469; FRL–10857–04– 

OW] 

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring 

Rule; Methods Request and Webinar 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Request for public comment and 

notice of a public meeting. 

SUMMARY: The U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) is requesting 

public input on drinking water 

analytical methods for emerging 

contaminants in drinking water, 

particularly those listed on the agency’s 

Fifth Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 

5), that might support monitoring under 

the Unregulated Contaminant 

Monitoring Rule. This notice describes 

published drinking water analytical 

methods and EPA drinking water 

methods currently in development for 

the CCL and other emerging 

contaminants, with an expectation that 

some of these methods will support the 

sixth Unregulated Contaminant 

Monitoring Rule (UCMR 6) and/or other 

future cycles of the UCMR program. 

The agency is also announcing a 

virtual public meeting (via webinar) to 

discuss potential approaches to 

developing UCMR 6. The webinar will 

discuss the following: drinking water 

analytical methods and contaminants 

being considered, UCMR 6 sampling 

design, laboratory approval, and other 

potential aspects of the monitoring 

approach. The agenda will include time 

for brief remarks by participants who 

pre-register. 

DATES: Comments must be received on 

or before April 8, 2024. Public meeting: 

The EPA will host a webinar regarding 

UCMR 6 development on April 17, 2024 

and April 18, 2024. The same material 

will be presented twice. Please refer to 

the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section 

for additional information on the 

webinar. 

ADDRESSES: The agency invites 

comments on analytical methods for 

emerging contaminants in drinking 

water, particularly those listed on CCL 

5, to aid in the EPA’s consideration of 

methods to support UCMR monitoring. 

Comments should refer to Docket ID No. 

EPA–HQ–OW–2023–0469 and may be 

submitted by any of the following 

options: 

• Federal eRulemaking Portal: 

https://www.regulations.gov/ 

(preferred). Follow the online 

instructions for submitting comments. 

• Mail: U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency, EPA Docket Center, 

Office of Ground Water and Drinking 

Water Docket, Mail Code 28221T, 1200 

Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, 

DC 20460. 

• Hand Delivery or Courier: EPA 

Docket Center, WJC West Building, 

Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Avenue 

NW, Washington, DC 20004. The Docket 

Center’s hours of operations are 8:30 

a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through 

Friday (except Federal Holidays). 

Instructions: All material submitted 

must include the Docket ID for this 

rulemaking. Comments received by the 

EPA (regardless of how they are 

submitted) may be posted without 

change to https://www.regulations.gov/, 

including any personal information 

provided. For detailed instructions on 

sending comments, see the ‘‘Public 

Participation’’ heading of the 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of 

this document. 

Registration information for the 

UCMR 6 ‘‘pre-proposal’’ webinar can be 

found at https://www.epa.gov/dwucmr/ 

unregulated-contaminant-monitoringrule-ucmr-meetings-and-materials. The 

webinars will begin at 11:00 a.m. 

eastern time and will conclude at 5:00 

p.m. eastern time on the scheduled 

dates. Refer to the ‘‘Public 

Participation’’ heading of the 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section 

below for additional information if you 

would like to sign up to make remarks 

during the webinar. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Brenda Bowden, Standards and Risk 

Management Division, Office of Ground 

Water and Drinking Water (MS 140), 

Environmental Protection Agency, 26 

West Martin Luther King Drive, 

Cincinnati, OH 45268; telephone 

number: (513) 569–7961; or email 

address: bowden.brenda@epa.gov; or 

Will Adams, Standards and Risk 

Management Division, Office of Ground 

Water and Drinking Water (MS 140), 

Environmental Protection Agency, 26 

West Martin Luther King Drive, 

Cincinnati, OH 45268; telephone 

number: (513) 569–7656; or email 

address: adams.william@epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Table of Contents 

I. Public Participation 

A. Written Comments on Drinking Water 

Analytical Methods for Emerging 

Contaminants 

B. Participation in UCMR 6 Pre-Proposal 

Webinar 

II. General Information 

A. Does this action apply to me? 

B. How does the EPA establish health 

standards for emerging contaminants in 

drinking water under the Safe Drinking 

Water Act? 

C. Why is the EPA requesting analytical 

method information on unregulated 

contaminants in drinking water? 

D. What is the basis for this action? 

III. Background 

A. What is the status of the drinking water 

analytical methods for contaminants on 

the CCL 5? 

B. What drinking water analytical methods 

are being developed by the EPA to 

address contaminants on CCL 5? 

1. Draft EPA Method(s) for PFAS. 

2. Draft EPA Method 562—Determination 

of selected pesticides in drinking water 

by solid phase extraction and liquid 

chromatography/tandem mass 

spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). 

3. Draft EPA Method Purgeable Organics— 

Measurement of purgeable organic 

compounds in water by capillary column 

gas chromatography/mass spectrometry 

(GC/MS). This method is expected to 

support the analysis of drinking water 

for 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP) and 

other purgeable organic compounds. The 

target contaminants for this method are 

shown in Exhibit 7. 

4. Draft EPA Method Legionella— 

Legionella spp. and Legionella 

pneumophila quantitative polymerase 

chain reaction (qPCR) detection. 

5. Draft EPA Method Mycobacterium— 

Mycobacterium abscessus culture 


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recovery with matrix-assisted laser 

desorption/ionization mass spectrometry 

(MALDI–MS). 

6. Draft EPA Method Mycobacterium

qPCR– Mycobacterium avium and

Mycobacterium intracellulare

quantitative polymerase chain reaction

(qPCR) detection.

C. What other drinking water analytical

methods are being considered by the

EPA to address emerging contaminants?

1. Draft EPA Method EOF—Screening

method for the determination of

extractable organic fluorine (EOF) in

drinking water by anion exchange solid

phase extraction and combustion ion

chromatography (CIC).

2. Draft EPA Method Microplastics—

Analysis of microplastics in drinking

water using spectroscopic

instrumentation.

D. What information should the public

provide when submitting comments

about drinking water analytical methods

for CCL 5 and other emerging

contaminants?

IV. References

Abbreviations and Acronyms

mm Micrometer 

11Cl-PF3OUdS 11-chloroeicosafluoro-3- 

oxaundecane-1-sulfonic Acid 

4:2FTS 1H,1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorohexane 

Sulfonic Acid 

6:2FTS 1H,1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctane 

Sulfonic Acid 

8:2FTS 1H,1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecane 

Sulfonic Acid 

9Cl-PF3ONS 9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3- 

oxanonane-1-sulfonic Acid 

ADONA 4,8-dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic 

Acid 

AOF Adsorbable Organic Fluorine 

ASTM ASTM International 

BCAA Bromochloroacetic Acid 

BCIM Bromochloroiodomethane 

BDCAA Bromodichloroacetic Acid 

BDCNM Bromodichloronitromethane 

BDIM Bromodiiodomethane 

BFB 4-bromofluorobenzene 

CASRN Chemical Abstracts Service 

Registry Number 

CBI Confidential Business Information 

CCL Contaminant Candidate List 

CDIM Chlorodiiodomethane 

CFR Code of Federal Regulations 

CIC Combustion Ion Chromatography 

Cq Quantification Cycle 

CWS Community Water System 

DBAN Dibromoacetonitrile 

DBCAA Dibromochloroacetic Acid 

DBCNM Dibromochloronitromethane 

DBIM Dibromoiodomethane 

DBP Disinfection Byproduct 

DCAN Dichloroacetonitrile 

DCIM Dichloroiodomethane 

DI Deionized Water 

DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid 

DTXSID Distributed Structure Searchable 

Toxicity Substance Identifiers 

EOF Extractable Organic Fluorine 

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

FEM Forum on Environmental 

Measurement 

FR Federal Register 

FTIR Fourier Transform Infrared 

GC Gas Chromatography 

GC/MS Gas Chromatography/Mass 

Spectrometry 

HFPO–DA Hexafluoropropylene Oxide 

Dimer Acid 

ISO or ISO/TS International Organization 

for Standardization 

LC–MS/MS or LC/MS/MS Liquid 

Chromatography/Tandem Mass 

Spectrometry 

LDIR Laser Direct Infrared 

Leg16S Legionella Species 

Lp16S Legionella pneumophila 

MALDI–MS Matrix-assisted Laser 

Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry 

MBC Carbendazim 

MIP Legionella pneumophila 

mL Milliliter 

mm Millimeter 

MTBE Methyl Tert-butyl Ether 

NAICS North American Industry 

Classification System 

NCOD National Contaminant Occurrence 

Database 

NDBA Nitrosodibutylamine 

NDEA N-Nitrosodiethylamine 

NDMA N-Nitrosodimethylamine 

NDPA N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine 

NDPhA N-Nitrosodiphenylamine 

NEtFOSAA N-ethyl 

Perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic Acid 

NFDHA Nonafluoro-3,6-dioxaheptanoic 

Acid 

ng/L Nanogram per Liter 

NMeFOSAA N-methyl 

Perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic Acid 

NPYR Nitrosopyrrolidine 

NTM Nontuberculous Mycobacteria 

NTNCWS Non-Transient Non-Community 

Water System 

OGWDW Office of Ground Water and 

Drinking Water 

PBI Proprietary Business Information 

PFAS Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances 

PFBA Perfluorobutanoic Acid 

PFBS Perfluorobutanesulfonic Acid 

PFDA Perfluorodecanoic Acid 

PFDoA Perfluorododecanoic Acid 

PFEESA Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane) Sulfonic 

Acid 

PFHpA Perfluoroheptanoic Acid 

PFHpS Perfluoroheptanesulfonic Acid 

PFHxA Perfluorohexanoic Acid 

PFHxS Perfluorohexanesulfonic Acid 

PFMBA Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid 

PFMPA Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic 

Acid 

PFNA Perfluorononanoic Acid 

PFOA Perfluorooctanoic Acid 

PFOS Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid 

PFPeA Perfluoropentanoic Acid 

PFPeS Perfluoropentanesulfonic Acid 

PFTA Perfluorotetradecanoic Acid 

PFTrDA Perfluorotridecanoic Acid 

PFUnA Perfluoroundecanoic Acid 

PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene 

PWS Public Water System 

QC Quality Control 

qPCR Quantitative Polymerase Chain 

Reaction 

SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act 

SM Standard Methods for the Examination 

of Water and Wastewater 

SPE Solid Phase Extraction 

SRMD Standards and Risk Management 

Division 

TBAA Tribromoacetic Acid 

TCEP Tris(2-chloroethyl) Phosphate 

TCNM Chloropicrin 

(trichloronitromethane) 

TCP Trichloropropane 

TIM Iodoform (triiodomethane) 

UCMR Unregulated Contaminant 

Monitoring Rule 

VCSB Voluntary Consensus Standards 

Board 

I. Public Participation

A. Written Comments on Drinking Water

Analytical Methods for Emerging

Contaminants

Submit your comments on drinking 

water analytical methods for emerging 

contaminants, particularly those listed 

in this Federal Register notice, 

identified by Docket ID No. EPA–HQ– 

OW–2023–0469, at https://

www.regulations.gov (preferred), or 

using one of the other options identified 

in the ADDRESSES section. Once 

submitted, comments cannot be edited 

or removed from the docket. The EPA 

may publish any comment received to 

its public docket. Do not submit any 

information to the EPA via https://

www.regulations.gov that you consider 

to be Confidential Business Information 

(CBI), Proprietary Business Information 

(PBI), or other information whose 

disclosure is restricted by statute. 

Multimedia submissions (audio, video, 

etc.) must be accompanied by a written 

comment. The written comment is 

considered the official comment and 

should include discussion of all points 

you want to make. The EPA will 

generally not consider comments or 

comment contents located outside of the 

primary submission (i.e., on the web, 

cloud, or other file sharing system). 

Please visit https://www.epa.gov/ 

dockets/commenting-epa-dockets for 

additional submission methods; the full 

EPA public comment policy; 

information about CBI, PBI, or 

multimedia submissions; and general 

guidance on making effective 

comments. 

B. Participation in UCMR 6 Pre-Proposal

Webinar

All who want to attend the webinar, 

please refer to the SUMMARY section for 

instructions on webinar registration. For 

those who want to make remarks at the 

webinar, the EPA is scheduling 

speakers. To sign up to speak, please 

use the online registration form 

available at https://www.epa.gov/ 

dwucmr/unregulated-contaminantmonitoring-rule-ucmr-meetings-andmaterials or contact the EPA’s support 

contractor, Cadmus, at UCMRWebinar@

cadmusgroup.com. The last day to preregister to speak at the webinar is April 


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8586 Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 27 / Thursday, February 8, 2024 / Proposed Rules 

9, 2024. On April 16, (one day prior), 

the EPA will post an agenda that will 

identify scheduled speakers at: https:// 

www.epa.gov/dwucmr/unregulatedcontaminant-monitoring-rule-ucmrmeetings-and-materials. If there is 

additional time for public speakers after 

scheduling those who pre-registered, 

EPA will take requests during the 

webinar via the chat box. The EPA will 

accommodate requests to speak (via preregistration and during the webinar) in 

the order received and as time permits. 

The agency’s current plan is to 

provide each speaker with ten minutes. 

The EPA may adjust this time 

depending on the number of 

organizations that register to speak. The 

agency asks that only one person 

present on behalf of an organization. 

The EPA encourages commenters to 

provide the agency with an advance 

copy of their remarks by emailing them 

to UCMRWebinar@cadmusgroup.com. 

The EPA may ask and answer clarifying 

questions during the webinar but will 

generally not respond to the remarks 

made by speakers during the webinar. 

Please note that any updates to the 

webinar plan will be posted to https:// 

www.epa.gov/dwucmr/unregulatedcontaminant-monitoring-rule-ucmrmeetings-and-materials and will be 

emailed to those who register to 

participate. The EPA does not intend to 

publish another document in the 

Federal Register announcing updates, if 

any. If you require the services of an 

interpreter or special accommodations, 

please identify your needs at least one 

week in advance as part of your 

registration. 

II. General Information

A. Does this action apply to me?

This notice invites comments on

drinking water analytical methods and 

is directed to those interested in or 

involved with developing analytical 

methods for unregulated contaminants 

in drinking water. It may also be of 

particular interest to laboratories that 

conduct chemical or microbiological 

testing for drinking water contaminants, 

including testing in support of the 

UCMR program. 

This notice also announces a webinar 

to discuss potential approaches to 

developing UCMR 6. This notice does 

not impose any requirements. 

Category Examples of potentially regulated entities NAICS * 

State, local, & Tribal governments.State, local, and Tribal governments that analyze water samples on behalf of PWSs required to 

conduct such analysis; State, local, and Tribal governments that directly operate Community 

Water Systems (CWSs) and Non-Transient Non-Community Water Systems (NTNCWSs) required to monitor.

924110 

Industry ........................................ Private operators of CWSs and NTNCWSs required to monitor ......................................................... 221310 

Municipalities ............................... Municipal operators of CWSs and NTNCWSs required to monitor ..................................................... 924110 

Laboratories ................................. Laboratories conducting analysis ......................................................................................................... 541380 

* NAICS = North American Industry Classification System

This table is not intended to be 

exhaustive, but rather provides a guide 

for readers regarding entities likely to be 

affected by this action. This table 

includes the types of entities that the 

EPA is now aware could potentially be 

affected by this action. Other types of 

entities not listed could also be affected. 

To determine whether your entity is 

affected by this action, you should 

carefully examine the applicability 

criteria found in Title 40 in the Code of 

Federal Regulations (CFR) at 40 CFR 

141.2 and 141.3, and the applicability 

criteria found in 40 CFR 141.40(a)(1) 

and (2). If you have questions regarding 

the applicability of this action to a 

particular entity, consult the person 

listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

CONTACT section. 

B. How does the EPA establish health

standards for emerging contaminants in

drinking water under the Safe Drinking

Water Act?

Under the 1996 amendments to the 

Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), 

Congress established a multi-step, riskbased approach for determining which 

contaminants could become subject to 

drinking water standards. The EPA is 

required to publish a Contaminant 

Candidate List (CCL) every five years 

that identifies contaminants that are not 

subject to any proposed or promulgated 

drinking water regulations, are known 

or anticipated to occur in Public Water 

Systems (PWSs), and may require future 

regulation under SDWA. The EPA must 

also determine whether or not to 

regulate at least five contaminants from 

the CCL in a separate process called 

Regulatory Determinations. Information 

on these processes can be found at: 

https://www.epa.gov/ccl. 

Per SDWA, the EPA implements 

section 1445(a)(2), Monitoring Program 

for Unregulated Contaminants. The EPA 

requires that PWSs monitor for a new 

set of unregulated contaminants every 

five years to generate occurrence data in 

support of the agency’s CCL and 

Regulatory Determination processes. 

The EPA must vary the frequency and 

schedule for monitoring based on the 

number of people served, the source 

water, and the contaminants likely to be 

found. The data collected through the 

UCMR program are made available to 

the public through the National 

Contaminant Occurrence Database 

(NCOD) for drinking water. UCMR 

results can be viewed by the public via 

NCOD (https://www.epa.gov/sdwa/ 

national-contaminant-occurrencedatabase-ncod) or via the UCMR web 

page at: https://www.epa.gov/dwucmr. 

C. Why is the EPA requesting analytical

method information on unregulated

contaminants in drinking water?

Analytical methods are essential to 

gathering occurrence data under the 

UCMR program. Robust analytical 

methods with sufficient sensitivity, 

accuracy, and precision are needed. 

D. What is the basis for this action?

This notice provides the public with

the EPA’s assessment of published 

drinking water analytical methods and 

methods in development for emerging 

contaminants, particularly those 

focusing on the CCL 5. The EPA is 

seeking public comments on method 

development to reach a broader 

audience and provide an opportunity to 

improve public participation. Separate 

public meetings on method 

development have not been well 

attended in the past, and this Federal 

Register notice enables those who 

cannot participate in the meeting to 

provide input. 

This notice also announces webinars 

in April 2024 that will allow for early 

engagement in the agency’s 

development of UCMR 6. 


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III. Background 

A. What is the status of the drinking 

water analytical methods for 

contaminants on the CCL 5? 

Exhibits 1–5 list the contaminants on 

the final CCL 5 in the Federal Register 

published November 14, 2022 (87 FR 

68060) (USEPA, 2022b). The current 

status of drinking water analytical 

methods from the EPA and voluntary 

consensus standards bodies (VCSBs) 

such as, ASTM International (ASTM), 

Standard Methods (SM), and 

International Organization for 

Standardization (ISO), are included in 

this notice. The ASTM, SM, and ISO 

methods listed in Exhibits 1–5 may or 

may not contain the standards and 

quality control (QC) requirements 

deemed necessary by the agency and 

may need to be adapted to support 

UCMR monitoring. Exhibits 6–10 list 

methods in development by the EPA for 

contaminants from CCL 5 that do not 

currently have drinking water analytical 

methods. The EPA recognizes that there 

may be other entities developing 

drinking water analytical methods and 

encourages commenters to make the 

agency aware of them. Please submit 

comments to the EPA following the 

process described in section III.D of this 

notice. 

EXHIBIT 1—CCL 5 CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS/GROUPS AND ASSOCIATED DRINKING WATER ANALYTICAL METHODS

Chemical name CASRN 1 DTXSID 2 Drinking water method(s) 3

1,2,3-Trichloropropane .............................. 96–18–4 DTXSID9021390 In Development, EPA 502.2, EPA 504.1, EPA 524.2, EPA 

524.3, EPA 524.4, EPA 551.1, ASTM D5790–18, SM 6200 

B, SM 6200 C. 

1,4-Dioxane ............................................... 123–91–1 DTXSID4020533 EPA 522, EPA 541. 

17-alpha ethynyl estradiol ......................... 57–63–6 DTXSID5020576 EPA 539. 

2,4-Dinitrophenol ....................................... 51–28–5 DTXSID0020523 EPA 528. 

2-Aminotoluene ......................................... 95–53–4 DTXSID1026164 EPA 530. 

2-Hydroxyatrazine ..................................... 2163–68–0 DTXSID6037807 Research Needed. 

6-Chloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine ........... 3397–62–4 DTXSID1037806 Research Needed. 

Acephate ................................................... 30560–19–1 DTXSID8023846 EPA 538. 

Acrolein ...................................................... 107–02–8 DTXSID5020023 Research Needed. 

alpha-Hexachlorocyclohexane .................. 319–84–6 DTXSID2020684 EPA 508, EPA 508.1, EPA 525.2, EPA 525.3. 

Anthraquinone ........................................... 84–65–1 DTXSID3020095 Research Needed. 

Bensulide ................................................... 741–58–2 DTXSID9032329 EPA 540, EPA 543. 

Bisphenol A ............................................... 80–05–7 DTXSID7020182 SM 6810 B. 

Boron ......................................................... 7440–42–8 DTXSID3023922 EPA 200.5, EPA 200.7, SM 3120 B, SM 4500-B B, SM 4500- 

B C. 

Bromoxynil ................................................. 1689–84–5 DTXSID3022162 In Development. 

Carbaryl ..................................................... 63–25–2 DTXSID9020247 EPA 531.1, EPA 531.2, ASTM D5315–04, SM 6610 B. 

Carbendazim (MBC) .................................. 10605–21–7 DTXSID4024729 In Development. 

Chlordecone (Kepone) .............................. 143–50–0 DTXSID1020770 EPA 527 *, In Development. 

Chlorpyrifos ............................................... 2921–88–2 DTXSID4020458 EPA 525.2, EPA 525.3, EPA 527, EPA 600/R–16/114. 

Cobalt ........................................................ 7440–48–4 DTXSID1031040 EPA 200.7, EPA 200.8, EPA 200.9, ASTM D3558–15 A, 

ASTM D3558–15 B, SM 3111 B, SM 3111 C, SM 3113 B, 

SM 3120 B. 

Cyanotoxins 4 5 .......................................... Multiple Multiple See Exhibit 2. 

Desethylatrazine ........................................ 6190–65–4 DTXSID5037494 EPA 523, EPA 536. 

Desisopropyl atrazine ................................ 1007–28–9 DTXSID0037495 EPA 523, EPA 536. 

Desvenlafaxine .......................................... 93413–62–8 DTXSID40869118 Research Needed. 

Diazinon ..................................................... 333–41–5 DTXSID9020407 EPA 526. 

Dicrotophos ............................................... 141–66–2 DTXSID9023914 EPA 538, EPA 600/R–16/114. 

Dieldrin ...................................................... 60–57–1 DTXSID9020453 EPA 505, EPA 508, EPA 508.1, EPA 525.2, EPA 525.3, 

ASTM D5175–91. 

Dimethoate ................................................ 60–51–5 DTXSID7020479 EPA 527. 

Disinfection byproducts (DBPs) 4 6 ............ Multiple Multiple See Exhibit 3. 

Diuron ........................................................ 330–54–1 DTXSID0020446 EPA 532. 

Ethalfluralin ................................................ 55283–68–6 DTXSID8032386 Research Needed. 

Ethoprop .................................................... 13194–48–4 DTXSID4032611 EPA 507, EPA 525.2, EPA 525.3. 

Fipronil ....................................................... 120068–37–3 DTXSID4034609 In Development. 

Fluconazole. .............................................. 86386–73–4 DTXSID3020627 Research Needed. 

Flufenacet .................................................. 142459–58–3 DTXSID2032552 In Development. 

Fluometuron .............................................. 2164–17–2 DTXSID8020628 EPA 532. 

Iprodione .................................................... 36734–19–7 DTXSID3024154 In Development. 

Lithium ....................................................... 7439–93–2 DTXSID5036761 EPA 200.7, ASTM D1976–20, SM 3111 B, SM 3120 B, SM 

3500-Li B. 

Malathion ................................................... 121–75–5 DTXSID4020791 EPA 527. 

Manganese ................................................ 7439–96–5 DTXSID2024169 EPA 200.5, EPA 200.7, EPA 200.8, EPA 200.9, SM 3111 B, 

SM 3111 C, SM 3113 B, SM 3120 B, SM 3500-Mn B. 

Methomyl ................................................... 16752–77–5 DTXSID1022267 EPA 531.1, EPA 531.2, EPA 540, ASTM D5315–04, ASTM 

D7645–23, SM 6610 B. 

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) .................. 1634–04–4 DTXSID3020833 EPA 524.2, EPA 524.3, EPA 524.4, ASTM D5790–18, SM 

6200 B, SM 6200 C. 

Methylmercury ........................................... 22967–92–6 DTXSID9024198 Research Needed. 

Molybdenum .............................................. 7439–98–7 DTXSID1024207 EPA 200.7, EPA 200.8, SM 3111 D, SM 3113 B, SM 3120 B. 

Nonylphenol 7 ............................................ 25154–52–3 DTXSID3021857 EPA 559. 

Norflurazon ................................................ 27314–13–2 DTXSID8024234 EPA 507, EPA 525.2, EPA 525.3, EPA 527.* 

Oxyfluorfen ................................................ 42874–03–3 DTXSID7024241 EPA 525.3. 


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EXHIBIT 1—CCL 5 CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS/GROUPS AND ASSOCIATED DRINKING WATER ANALYTICAL METHODS— 

Continued 

Chemical name CASRN 1 DTXSID 2 Drinking water method(s) 3

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances 

(PFAS) 4 8.

Multiple Multiple See Exhibit 4. 

Permethrin ................................................. 52645–53–1 DTXSID8022292 EPA 508, EPA 508.1, EPA 525.2, EPA 525.3. 

Phorate ...................................................... 298–02–2 DTXSID4032459 EPA 525.3, EPA 600/R–16/114. 

Phosmet .................................................... 732–11–6 DTXSID5024261 Research Needed. 

Phostebupirim ............................................ 96182–53–5 DTXSID1032482 Research Needed. 

Profenofos ................................................. 41198–08–7 DTXSID3032464 EPA 525.3. 

Propachlor ................................................. 1918–16–7 DTXSID4024274 EPA 508, EPA 508.1, EPA 525.2, EPA 525.3. 

Propanil ..................................................... 709–98–8 DTXSID8022111 EPA 532. 

Propargite .................................................. 2312–35–8 DTXSID4024276 Research Needed. 

Propazine .................................................. 139–40–2 DTXSID3021196 EPA 507, EPA 523, EPA 525.2, EPA 525.3, EPA 527, EPA 

536. 

Propoxur .................................................... 114–26–1 DTXSID7021948 EPA 531.1, EPA 531.2, ASTM D5315–04, SM 6610 B. 

Quinoline ................................................... 91–22–5 DTXSID1021798 EPA 530, EPA 538. 

Tebuconazole ............................................ 107534–96–3 DTXSID9032113 EPA 525.3, EPA 540, EPA 543. 

Terbufos .................................................... 13071–79–9 DTXSID2022254 EPA 526. 

Thiamethoxam ........................................... 153719–23–4 DTXSID2034962 In Development. 

Tri-allate ..................................................... 2303–17–5 DTXSID5024344 Research Needed. 

Tribufos ...................................................... 78–48–8 DTXSID1024174 EPA 525.3. 

Tributyl phosphate ..................................... 126–73–8 DTXSID3021986 Research Needed. 

Trimethylbenzene (1,2,4-) ......................... 95–63–6 DTXSID6021402 EPA 502.2, EPA 524.2, EPA 524.3, EPA 524.4, ASTM 

D5790–18, SM 6200 B, SM 6200 C. 

Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) ...... 115–96–8 DTXSID5021411 Research Needed. 

Tungsten .................................................... 7440–33–7 DTXSID8052481 Research Needed. 

Vanadium .................................................. 7440–62–2 DTXSID2040282 EPA 200.5, EPA 200.7, EPA 200.8, SM 3111 D, SM 3120 B, 

SM 3500-V B. 

1 Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CASRN) is a unique identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (a division of the 

American Chemical Society) to every chemical substance (organic and inorganic compounds, polymers, elements, nuclear particles, etc.) in the 

open scientific literature. It contains up to 10 digits, separated by hyphens into three parts. 2 Distributed Structure Searchable Toxicity Substance Identifiers (DTXSID) is a unique substance identifier used in EPA’s CompTox Chemicals 

database, where a substance can be any single chemical, mixture, or polymer. 3Published methods are listed by EPA number or VCSB number. Methods in development by the EPA, or for which research is still needed, 

are also identified. 4EPA’s approach to listing cyanotoxins, DBPs, and PFAS as groups on CCL 5 as opposed to listing them as individual contaminants limits duplication of agency efforts, such as data gathering, analyses and evaluations. Listing these three chemical groups on the CCL 5 does not necessarily mean that EPA will make subsequent regulatory decisions for the entire group. 5As defined in CCL 5, toxins naturally produced and released by some species of cyanobacteria (also known as ‘‘blue-green algae’’). The 

group of cyanotoxins includes, but is not limited to: anatoxin-a, cylindrospermopsin, microcystins, and saxitoxin as shown in Exhibit 2. 6This CCL 5 group includes 23 unregulated DBPs as shown in Exhibit 3. 

7The CCL 5 lists a general nonylphenol with a CASRN of 25154–52–3. EPA Method 559 analyzes nonylphenol with a CASRN of 84852–15–3 

and reports technical nonylphenol, comprised mostly of branched C9-alkyl phenols, and not linear nonylphenol (CASRN 104–40–5) which is a 

laboratory generated chemical not typically found in the environment. 8The CCL 5 structural definition of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) includes chemicals that contain at least one of these three 

structures as shown in Exhibit 4 (except for PFOA and PFOS which are already in the regulatory process): 

1. R-(CF2)-CF(R′)R′′, where both the CF2 and CF moieties are saturated carbons, and none of the R groups can be hydrogen. 

2. R-CF2OCF2-R′, where both the CF2 moieties are saturated carbons, and none of the R groups can be hydrogen. 

3. CF3C(CF3)RR′, where all the carbons are saturated, and none of the R groups can be hydrogen. 

* EPA Method 527 indicates these specific contaminants may have potential complications. 

The CCL 5 includes cyanotoxins as a 

group, including but not limited to the 

contaminants in Exhibit 2. The EPA 

recognizes there are other contaminants 

in this group such as, nodularin-R 

(which is not a microcystin), as well as, 

derivatives and congeners of anatoxin-a, 

cylindrospermopsin, and saxitoxin (e.g., 

homoanatoxin-a, deoxycylindrospermopsin, and other paralytic 

shellfish poisons). 

EXHIBIT 2—UNREGULATED CYANOTOXINS GROUP ON CCL 5 AND ASSOCIATED DRINKING WATER ANALYTICAL METHODS

[See Exhibit 1 footnote 4] 

Chemical name CASRN 1 DTXSID 2 Drinking water method(s) 3

Anatoxin-a ................................................................................... 64285–06–9 DTXSID50867064 EPA 545.

Cylindrospermopsin .................................................................... 143545–90–8 DTXSID2031083 EPA 545. 

Saxitoxin ..................................................................................... 35523–89–8 DTXSID3074313 Research Needed. 

Microcystins 

Microcystin LA ............................................................................ 96180–79–9 DTXSID3031656 EPA 544. 

Microcystin LR ............................................................................ 101043–37–2 DTXSID3031654 EPA 544. 

Microcystin LW ........................................................................... 157622–02–1 DTXSID70891285 Research Needed. 

Microcystin RR ............................................................................ 111755–37–4 DTXSID40880085 EPA 544. 


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EXHIBIT 2—UNREGULATED CYANOTOXINS GROUP ON CCL 5 AND ASSOCIATED DRINKING WATER ANALYTICAL METHODS— 

Continued 

[See Exhibit 1 footnote 4] 

Chemical name CASRN 1 DTXSID 2 Drinking water method(s) 3

Microcystin YR ............................................................................ 101064–48–6 DTXSID00880086 EPA 544. 

1 Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CASRN) is a unique identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (a division of the 

American Chemical Society) to every chemical substance (organic and inorganic compounds, polymers, elements, nuclear particles, etc.) in the 

open scientific literature. It contains up to 10 digits, separated by hyphens into three parts. 2 Distributed Structure Searchable Toxicity Substance Identifiers (DTXSID) is a unique substance identifier used in EPA’s CompTox Chemicals 

database, where a substance can be any single chemical, mixture, or polymer. 3Published methods are listed by EPA number or VCSB number. Methods in development by the EPA, or for which research is still needed, 

are also identified. 

EXHIBIT 3—UNREGULATED DBP GROUP ON CCL 5 AND ASSOCIATED DRINKING WATER ANALYTICAL METHODS

[See Exhibit 1 footnote 5] 

Chemical name CASRN 1 DTXSID 2 Drinking water method(s) 3

Haloacetic Acids 

Bromochloroacetic acid (BCAA) ................................................. 5589–96–8 DTXSID4024642 EPA 552.1, EPA 552.2, EPA 552.3, EPA 

557, SM 6251 B. 

Bromodichloroacetic acid (BDCAA) ............................................ 71133–14–7 DTXSID4024644 EPA 552.2, EPA 552.3, EPA 557. 

Dibromochloroacetic acid (DBCAA) ........................................... 5278–95–5 DTXSID3031151 EPA 552.2, EPA 552.3, EPA 557. 

Tribromoacetic acid (TBAA) ....................................................... 75–96–7 DTXSID6021668 EPA 552.2, EPA 552.3, EPA 557. 

Haloacetonitriles 

Dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) ........................................................ 3018–12–0 DTXSID3021562 EPA 551.1. 

Dibromoacetonitrile (DBAN) ....................................................... 3252–43–5 DTXSID3024940 EPA 551.1. 

Halonitromethanes 

Bromodichloronitromethane (BDCNM) ....................................... 918–01–4 DTXSID4021509 Research Needed. 

Chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane, TCNM) ............................... 76–06–2 DTXSID0020315 EPA 551.1. 

Dibromochloronitromethane (DBCNM) ....................................... 1184–89–0 DTXSID00152114 Research Needed. 

Iodinated Trihalomethanes 

Bromochloroiodomethane (BCIM) .............................................. 34970–00–8 DTXSID9021502 Research Needed. 

Bromodiiodomethane (BDIM) ..................................................... 557–95–9 DTXSID70204235 Research Needed. 

Chlorodiiodomethane (CDIM) ..................................................... 638–73–3 DTXSID20213251 Research Needed. 

Dibromoiodomethane (DBIM) ..................................................... 593–94–2 DTXSID60208040 Research Needed. 

Dichloroiodomethane (DCIM) ..................................................... 594–04–7 DTXSID7021570 Research Needed. 

Iodoform (triiodomethane, TIM) .................................................. 75–47–8 DTXSID4020743 Research Needed. 

Nitrosamines 

Nitrosodibutylamine (NDBA) ....................................................... 924–16–3 DTXSID2021026 EPA 521, SM 6450 B, SM 6450 C. 

N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) ................................................... 55–18–5 DTXSID2021028 EPA 521, SM 6450 B, SM 6450 C. 

N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) ............................................... 62–75–9 DTXSID7021029 EPA 521, SM 6450 B, SM 6450 C. 

N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine (NDPA) ............................................ 621–64–7 DTXSID6021032 EPA 521, SM 6450 B, SM 6450 C. 

N-Nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPhA) .............................................. 86–30–6 DTXSID6021030 Research Needed. 

Nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) .......................................................... 930–55–2 DTXSID8021062 EPA 521, SM 6450 B, SM 6450 C. 

Others 

Chlorate ...................................................................................... 14866–68–3 DTXSID3073137 EPA 300.1, ASTM D6581–18, SM 4110 

D. 

Formaldehyde ............................................................................. 50–00–0 DTXSID7020637 EPA 554, EPA 556.1, SM 6252 B.* 

1 Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CASRN) is a unique identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (a division of the 

American Chemical Society) to every chemical substance (organic and inorganic compounds, polymers, elements, nuclear particles, etc.) in the 

open scientific literature. It contains up to 10 digits, separated by hyphens into three parts. 2 Distributed Structure Searchable Toxicity Substance Identifiers (DTXSID) is a unique substance identifier used in EPA’s CompTox Chemicals 

database, where a substance can be any single chemical, mixture, or polymer. 3Published methods are listed by EPA number or VCSB number. Methods in development by the EPA, or for which research is still needed, 

are also identified. 

* SM 6252 B is in the 24th edition of SM titled as proposed. 

The CCL 5 included PFAS as a group 

which includes thousands of PFAS 

chemicals per the CCL 5 structural 

definition (USEPA, 2022b). Exhibit 4 

lists the PFAS that EPA has available 

drinking water analytical methods. The 


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EPA recognizes that the PFAS in Exhibit 

4 only captures a subset of the 

thousands of PFAS compounds 

encompassed in the CCL 5 structural 

definition (USEPA, 2023). 

EXHIBIT 4—UNREGULATED PFAS GROUP WITH AVAILABLE DRINKING WATER ANALYTICAL METHODS

[See Exhibit 1 footnote 7] 

Chemical name 1 CASRN 2 DTXSID 3 Drinking water 

method(s) 4

11-chloroeicosafluoro-3-oxaundecane-1-sulfonic acid (11Cl-PF3OUdS) ............. 763051–92–9 DTXSID40892507 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

9-chlorohexadecafluoro-3-oxanonane-1-sulfonic acid (9Cl-PF3ONS) .................. 756426–58–1 DTXSID80892506 EPA 533, EPA 537.1.

4,8-dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (ADONA) .................................................... 919005–14–4 DTXSID40881350 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO–DA) ............................................. 13252–13–6 DTXSID70880215 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

Nonafluoro-3,6-dioxaheptanoic acid (NFDHA) ...................................................... 151772–58–6 DTXSID30382063 EPA 533. 

Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) .............................................................................. 375–22–4 DTXSID4059916 EPA 533. 

Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) .................................................................... 375–73–5 DTXSID5030030 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

1H,1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (8:2FTS) ....................................... 39108–34–4 DTXSID00192353 EPA 533. 

Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) ............................................................................. 335–76–2 DTXSID3031860 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) ....................................................................... 307–55–1 DTXSID8031861 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

Perfluoro(2-ethoxyethane)sulfonic acid (PFEESA) ............................................... 113507–82–7 DTXSID50379814 EPA 533. 

Perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS) ................................................................ 375–92–8 DTXSID8059920 EPA 533. 

Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) ......................................................................... 375–85–9 DTXSID1037303 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

1H,1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (4:2FTS) ....................................... 757124–72–4 DTXSID30891564 EPA 533. 

Perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) ................................................................. 355–46–4 DTXSID7040150 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) ........................................................................... 307–24–4 DTXSID3031862 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

Perfluoro-3-methoxypropanoic acid (PFMPA) ...................................................... 377–73–1 DTXSID70191136 EPA 533.

Perfluoro-4-methoxybutanoic acid (PFMBA) ......................................................... 863090–89–5 DTXSID60500450 EPA 533. 

Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) ............................................................................ 375–95–1 DTXSID8031863 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

1H,1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (6:2FTS) ........................................ 27619–97–2 DTXSID6067331 EPA 533. 

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) .................................................................... 1763–23–1 DTXSID3031864 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) ............................................................................. 335–67–1 DTXSID8031865 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) .......................................................................... 2706–90–3 DTXSID6062599 EPA 533. 

Perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPeS) ................................................................ 2706–91–4 DTXSID8062600 EPA 533. 

Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA) ....................................................................... 2058–94–8 DTXSID8047553 EPA 533, EPA 537.1. 

N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NEtFOSAA) ............................... 2991–50–6 DTXSID5062760 EPA 537.1. 

N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetic acid (NMeFOSAA) .......................... 2355–31–9 DTXSID10624392 EPA 537.1. 

Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTA) ...................................................................... 376–06–7 DTXSID3059921 EPA 537.1. 

Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) ...................................................................... 72629–94–8 DTXSID90868151 EPA 537.1. 

1The CCL 5 structural definition of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) includes chemicals that contain at least one of these three 

structures as shown in Exhibit 4 (except for PFOA and PFOS which are already in the regulatory process): 

1. R-(CF2)-CF(R′)R′′, where both the CF2 and CF moieties are saturated carbons, and none of the R groups can be hydrogen. 

2. R-CF2OCF2-R′, where both the CF2 moieties are saturated carbons, and none of the R groups can be hydrogen. 

3. CF3C(CF3)RR′, where all the carbons are saturated, and none of the R groups can be hydrogen. 2 Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CASRN) is a unique identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (a division of the 

American Chemical Society) to every chemical substance (organic and inorganic compounds, polymers, elements, nuclear particles, etc.) in the 

open scientific literature. It contains up to 10 digits, separated by hyphens into three parts. 3 Distributed Structure Searchable Toxicity Substance Identifiers (DTXSID) is a unique substance identifier used in EPA’s CompTox Chemicals 

database, where a substance can be any single chemical, mixture, or polymer. 4Published methods are listed by EPA number or VCSB number. Methods in development by the EPA, or for which research is still needed, 

are also identified. 

EXHIBIT 5—UNREGULATED MICROBIAL CONTAMINANTS ON CCL 5 AND ASSOCIATED DRINKING WATER ANALYTICAL

METHODS

Microorganism Type of microorganism Drinking water method(s) 1

Adenovirus .............................................. Virus ....................................................... Research Needed. 

Caliciviruses ............................................ Virus ....................................................... Research Needed. 

Campylobacter jejuni .............................. Bacteria .................................................. Research Needed. 

Escherichia coli (O157) ........................... Bacteria .................................................. Research Needed. 

Enterovirus .............................................. Virus ....................................................... EPA 1615. 

Helicobacter pylori .................................. Bacteria .................................................. Research Needed. 

Legionella pneumophila .......................... Bacteria .................................................. In Development, ASTM D8429–21 *, ISO 11731:2017, ISO/ 

TS 12869:2019. 

Mycobacterium abscessus ...................... Bacteria .................................................. In Development. 

Mycobacterium avium ............................. Bacteria .................................................. In Development. 

Naegleria fowleri ..................................... Protozoa ................................................ SM 9750.** 

Pseudomonas aeruginosa ...................... Bacteria .................................................. ASTM D5246–19, SM 9213 E, SM 9213 F, SM 9213 G.

Shigella sonnei ........................................ Bacteria .................................................. Research Needed. 

1Published methods are listed by EPA number or VCSB number. Methods in development by the EPA, or for which research is still needed, 

are also identified. 

* Commonly known as Legiolert® test. 

** SM 9750 is in the 24th edition of SM titled as proposed. 


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B. What drinking water analytical 

methods are being developed by the 

EPA to address contaminants on CCL 5? 

1. Draft EPA Method(s) for PFAS. 

The agency continues to conduct 

research and monitor advances and 

techniques that may improve our ability 

to measure PFAS. Preliminary studies 

have been performed looking at 

potential method development for PFAS 

contaminants that are not analyzed in 

EPA Methods 533 or 537.1. The EPA 

Methods 533 and 537.1 both address a 

wide variety of PFAS. These methods 

were developed focusing on the largest 

array of PFAS that were commercially 

available at the time (as certified 

reference standards) and that could be 

analyzed while routinely meeting all 

method-specified quality control criteria 

(towards the goal of generating accurate 

and precise results in drinking water 

sample matrices). EPA is working to 

expand the method target analyte scope 

and is soliciting comment and 

supporting performance data from 

stakeholders that have conducted 

similar studies (e.g., incorporating PFAS 

with carbon chains less than or equal to 

three carbons and/or improvements in 

analytical processing times, such as 

employing direct injection techniques 

that could simplify or eliminate the 

solid-phase extraction step (USEPA, 

2019b). EPA anticipates that such 

improvements would enhance 

laboratory capability and capacity. EPA 

invites comments on analytical 

improvements to Methods 533 and 

537.1 or alternative techniques that 

could prove to be effective at measuring 

PFAS in drinking water. 

2. Draft EPA Method 562— 

Determination of selected pesticides in 

drinking water by solid phase extraction 

and liquid chromatography/tandem 

mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). 

The target contaminants for this 

method consist of the seven pesticides 

and three degradates shown in Exhibit 

6. 

EXHIBIT 6—TARGET CONTAMINANTS IN DRAFT EPA METHOD 562 

Chemical name CASRN 1 DTXSID 2

Bromoxynil ............................................................................................................................... 1689–84–5 DTXSID3022162. 

Carbendazim (MBC) ................................................................................................................ 10605–21–7 DTXSID4024729 

Chlordecone (Kepone) ............................................................................................................. 143–50–0 DTXSID1020770 

Clothianidin .............................................................................................................................. 210880–92–5 DTXSID2034465 

Fipronil ..................................................................................................................................... 120068–37–3 DTXSID4034609 

Fipronil sulfide .......................................................................................................................... 120067–83–6 DTXSID50869644 

Fipronil sulfone ........................................................................................................................ 120068–36–2 DTXSID6074750 

Flufenacet ................................................................................................................................ 142459–58–3 DTXSID2032552 

Iprodione .................................................................................................................................. 36734–19–7 DTXSID3024154 

Thiamethoxam ......................................................................................................................... 153719–23–4 DTXSID2034962 

1 Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CASRN) is a unique identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (a division of the 

American Chemical Society) to every chemical substance (organic and inorganic compounds, polymers, elements, nuclear particles, etc.) in the 

open scientific literature. It contains up to 10 digits, separated by hyphens into three parts. 2 Distributed Structure Searchable Toxicity Substance Identifiers (DTXSID) is a unique substance identifier used in EPA’s CompTox Chemicals 

database, where a substance can be any single chemical, mixture, or polymer. 

The aqueous samples are preserved 

with ascorbic acid to mitigate free 

chlorine disinfection and sodium 

bisulfate to inhibit microbial growth. 

Extraction efficiency is monitored by 

adding surrogate compounds to the 

aqueous samples prior to extraction. 

Chlordecone and iprodione are known 

to degrade in the presence of methanol 

(Bichon et al., 2015; Anisuzzaman et al., 

2008); therefore, efforts to avoid the use 

of methanol were prioritized. 

Preliminary holding time studies 

support an aqueous holding time of 14 

days and an extract holding time of 28 

days. Solid phase extraction (SPE) using 

divinylbenzene sorbent is used to 

concentrate the contaminants from the 

aqueous sample. Additional research 

may be performed which may allow use 

of other SPE sorbents provided 

performance requirements are met. The 

samples are fully loaded onto the SPE 

cartridge, followed by a deionized (DI) 

water bottle wash then an acetone bottle 

wash to elute the target contaminants. 

Following elution, nitrogen evaporation 

is used to reduce the extract. The extract 

is brought to final volume with an 

acetone and acetonitrile mixture. The 

target contaminants are separated using 

reversed phase liquid chromatography 

and detected using LC/MS/MS using 

both positive and negative electrospray 

ionization. Selected reaction monitoring 

is used to detect a product ion to 

maximize selectivity. Instrument 

variability is corrected using an internal 

standard. 

The EPA invites comments to support 

development of this pesticide method. 

The agency is particularly interested in 

comments about additional SPE 

sorbents that provide contaminant 

recovery meeting the drinking water 

program’s data quality objectives. 

3. Draft EPA Method Purgeable 

Organics—Measurement of purgeable 

organic compounds in water by 

capillary column gas chromatography/ 

mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 

This method is expected to support 

the analysis of drinking water for 1,2,3- 

trichloropropane (TCP) and other 

purgeable organic compounds. The 

target contaminants for this method are 

shown in Exhibit 7. 

EXHIBIT 7—TARGET CONTAMINANTS IN DRAFT EPA METHOD PURGEABLE ORGANICS

Chemical name CASRN 1 DTXSID 2

1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane .................................................................................................. 96–12–8 DTXSID3020413 

1,2-dibromoethane ................................................................................................................... 106–93–4 DTXSID3020415 

1,2,3-trichloropropane .............................................................................................................. 96–18–4 DTXSID9021390 

1,2,4-trimethylbenzene ............................................................................................................ 95–63–6 DTXSID6021402 


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EXHIBIT 7—TARGET CONTAMINANTS IN DRAFT EPA METHOD PURGEABLE ORGANICS—Continued 

Chemical name CASRN 1 DTXSID 2

Methyl-tert-butyl Ether ............................................................................................................. 1634–04–4 DTXSID3020833 

1 Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CASRN) is a unique identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (a division of the 

American Chemical Society) to every chemical substance (organic and inorganic compounds, polymers, elements, nuclear particles, etc.) in the 

open scientific literature. It contains up to 10 digits, separated by hyphens into three parts. 2 Distributed Structure Searchable Toxicity Substance Identifiers (DTXSID) is a unique substance identifier used in EPA’s CompTox Chemicals 

database, where a substance can be any single chemical, mixture, or polymer. 

EPA Methods 524.2, 524.3, and 524.4 

are used to analyze a variety of organic 

compounds; however, this method in 

development is targeting the selected 

contaminants in Exhibit 9 at 

quantifiable levels lower than the EPA 

Methods 524.3 and 524.4 currently 

achieve (USEPA, 1995g; USEPA, 2009a; 

USEPA, 2013a). In the draft method, 

headspace-free samples are collected in 

amber glass vials with 

polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-faced 

septa. Samples are dechlorinated with 

ascorbic acid and the pH is adjusted 

with maleic acid. A 5.0 milliliter (mL) 

or 25-mL aliquot of the sample is 

transferred to a glass sparging vessel 

along with appropriate amounts of 

internal standard and QC compounds. 

The method contaminants are purged 

from the water using helium or nitrogen 

and trapped on a sorbent material. The 

sample is then heated and backflushed 

with gas chromatography (GC) carrier 

gas to transfer the contaminants directly 

into the gas chromatographic inlet. The 

inlet is operated in the split mode to 

achieve the desired desorb flow rates 

and further reduce water transmission. 

Contaminants are transferred onto a 

capillary GC column, which is 

temperature programmed to optimize 

the separation of method contaminants. 

Compounds eluting from the GC are 

directed into a mass spectrometer for 

detection and quantitation. The method 

contaminants are identified by 

comparing the acquired mass spectra 

and retention times to reference spectra 

and retention times. The concentration 

of each contaminant is calculated using 

the internal standard technique and 

response curves obtained via procedural 

calibration. 

The draft method may differ from 

EPA Methods 524.2, 524.3, and 524.4 

due to removing the requirement for a 

4-bromofluorobenzene (BFB) tune as 

part of the GC/MS optimization and 

initial calibration, and instead 

optimizing tuning to maximum ion 

transmission for the target contaminants 

of interest. EPA Methods 524.2, 524.3, 

and 524.4 require a BFB tune, and the 

draft method will allow optimizing 

tuning to maximum ion transmission for 

the target analytes in Exhibit 7. By 

optimizing conditions specifically for 

the target contaminants of interest, 

lower quantitation limits may be 

achieved. Other changes, such as 

adjusting the GC split ratio would also 

be optimized to focus on the specific set 

of contaminants listed in Exhibit 7. 

The EPA invites comments to support 

development of this method. The 

agency is particularly interested in 

techniques to quantify 1,2,3–TCP at low 

levels (∼5 nanograms per liter (ng/L)). 

4. Draft EPA Method Legionella— 

Legionella spp. and Legionella 

pneumophila quantitative polymerase 

chain reaction (qPCR) detection. 

The target contaminants for this 

method are shown in Exhibit 8. 

EXHIBIT 8—TARGET CONTAMINANTS IN DRAFT EPA METHOD LEGIONELLA

Microorganism Type of microorganism 

Legionella species (Leg16S) .......................................................................................................................................... Bacteria. 

Legionella pneumophila (MIP) ........................................................................................................................................ Bacteria. 

Legionella pneumophila (Lp16S) .................................................................................................................................... Bacteria. 

For this method in development, one 

assay under consideration will detect all 

Legionella species (there are ∼53 

recognized species). There are two other 

assays under consideration for 

Legionella pneumophila detection. For 

this method, a one-liter sample is 

collected in a high-density 

polypropylene bottle containing sodium 

thiosulfate for dechlorination. The 

sample is vacuumed filtered through a 

0.45 micrometer (mm) polycarbonate 

membrane. The captured microbial 

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is 

extracted from the membrane. The 

extracted DNA is analyzed using three 

qPCR assays utilizing a qPCR 

instrument. 

This method will detect and quantify 

the targeted microbe of interest. The 

method identifies the target bacteria 

using primer-probe specific to the 

microbe of interest, and the resulting 

qPCR gene product (DNA sequence) 

molecular weight is checked. The 

instrument will generate an 

amplification curve if the targeted 

bacteria is present in a sample. As the 

curve passes the 0.4 threshold, a 

quantification cycle (Cq) value is 

determined. The targeted bacteria DNA 

(Cq value) is then quantified using a 

standard curve generated from genomic 

DNA. The method contains other QC 

samples, including, positive controls 

such as, the standard curve and negative 

controls, such as, internal controls, 

method blanks, extraction blanks, and 

non-template controls. 

The EPA invites comments to support 

the development of a Legionella spp. 

and Legionella pneumophila method. 

The agency is specifically interested in 

information on environmental 

laboratory capabilities to perform this 

method. 

5. Draft EPA Method 

Mycobacterium—Mycobacterium 

abscessus culture recovery with matrixassisted laser desorption/ionization 

mass spectrometry (MALDI–MS). 

The target contaminants for this 

method are shown in Exhibit 9. 


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EXHIBIT 9—TARGET CONTAMINANTS IN DRAFT EPA METHOD MYCOBACTERIUM

Microorganism Type of microorganism 

Mycobacterium abscessus ............................................................................................................................................. Bacteria. 

Mycobacterium mucogenicum (potentially) .................................................................................................................... Bacteria. 

This method is in early development. 

A one-liter sample is collected in a highdensity polypropylene bottle containing 

sodium thiosulfate for dechlorination. 

The sample is decontaminated for 30 

minutes with 0.4% cetylpyridinium 

chloride solution. Then, 500 mL of the 

decontaminated sample is vacuumed 

filtered through a 0.45 mm black, mixed 

cellulose membrane. The membrane 

with the captured bacteria is laid on top 

of Middlebrook 7H11 agar plate. The 

plate is incubated at 37 °C for 7 days. 

The resulting colonies are chosen for 

matrix-assisted laser desorption/ 

ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI– 

MS) identification. 

The EPA invites comments to support 

development of this method. The 

agency is particularly interested in the 

following: (1) suggestions for 

preservation chemical to use; (2) input 

on detection limits using MALDI–MS; 

(3) input on the sample volume needed; 

and (4) feedback regarding any 

experience with this technique. 

6. Draft EPA Method Mycobacterium 

qPCR—Mycobacterium avium and 

Mycobacterium intracellulare 

quantitative polymerase chain reaction 

(qPCR) detection. 

The target contaminants for this 

method are shown in Exhibit 10. 

EXHIBIT 10—TARGET CONTAMINANTS IN DRAFT EPA METHOD MYCOBACTERIUM QPCR 

Microorganism Type of microorganism 

Mycobacterium avium ..................................................................................................................................................... Bacteria. 

Mycobacterium intracellulare .......................................................................................................................................... Bacteria. 

This method can distinguish between 

Mycobacterium avium and 

Mycobacterium intracellulare species. 

For this method, a one-liter sample is 

collected in a high-density 

polypropylene bottle containing sodium 

thiosulfate for dechlorination. The 

sample is vacuum-filtered through a 

0.45 mm polycarbonate membrane. The 

captured microbial DNA is extracted 

from the membrane. The extracted DNA 

is analyzed using two qPCR assays 

utilizing a qPCR instrument. 

This method will detect and quantify 

the targeted microbe of interest. The 

method identifies the target bacteria 

using primer-probe specific to the 

microbe of interest, and the resulting 

qPCR gene product (DNA sequence) 

molecular weight is checked. The 

instrument will generate an 

amplification curve if the targeted 

bacteria is present in a sample. As the 

curve passes the 0.4 threshold, a Cq 

value is determined. The targeted 

bacteria DNA (Cq value) is then 

quantified using a standard curve 

generated from genomic DNA. The 

method contains other QC samples, 

including positive controls such as the 

standard curve, and negative controls 

such as internal controls, method 

blanks, extraction blanks, and nontemplate controls. This method requires 

the collection of a 200 mL water sample. 

The EPA invites comments to support 

development of this method. The 

agency is particularly interested in 

information on environmental 

laboratory capabilities to perform this 

method. 

C. What other drinking water analytical 

methods are being considered by the 

EPA to address emerging contaminants? 

1. Draft EPA Method EOF—Screening 

method for the determination of 

extractable organic fluorine (EOF) in 

drinking water by anion exchange solid 

phase extraction and combustion ion 

chromatography (CIC). 

The target contaminant for this 

method is Extractable Organic Fluorine 

(EOF). Targeted PFAS drinking water 

methods currently only capture a small 

subset of the many PFAS known to 

exist. ‘‘Aggregate’’ methods (sometimes 

referred to as a ‘‘total PFAS’’ method) 

are designed to capture a larger portion 

of the PFAS than targeted methods are 

able to detect. The subject technique 

seeks to estimate the concentration of 

EOF in drinking water. It captures 

organofluorine compounds from PFAS 

and non-PFAS fluorinated substances 

that are retained using weak anion 

exchange SPE. The method has 

potential application for screening, 

recognizing that it will not measure 

fluorinated compounds individually, 

but as an aggregate sum of the 

fluorinated compounds captured on the 

sorbent. Notably, non-PFAS fluorinated 

compounds may also be accounted for 

in the reported value along with 

residual inorganic fluoride that is added 

to drinking water to prevent tooth 

decay. 

For this EOF method in development 

by the EPA, the preservation scheme 

follows EPA Method 533, with the 

aqueous samples preserved with 

ammonium acetate to sequester free 

chlorine to form chloramine. 

Additionally, the EOF method follows 

the EPA Method 533 holding time 

scheme set at 28 days. 

The drinking water sample is 

concentrated using weak anionexchange SPE. After passing the sample 

through the SPE cartridge, preserved 

reagent water is pulled through the 

cartridge, then aqueous ammonium 

hydroxide is used to wash the SPE 

cartridge to remove inorganic fluoride. 

A solution of ammonium hydroxide in 

methanol is used to elute the adsorbed 

compounds. The extract is evaporated to 

dryness and reconstituted in a methanol 

and water mixture. The entire extract is 

transferred to a ceramic boat and 

combusted at high temperature in the 

furnace of a combustion ion 

chromatography (CIC) instrument to 

break the carbon-fluorine bond. The 

released fluorine is absorbed in a water 

solution to form the fluoride ion. A 

portion of the fluoride solution is 

separated by ion chromatography using 

a potassium hydroxide-based eluent. 

External calibration is used to establish 

the retention time for fluoride and 

report the extractable organic fluorine as 

fluoride. The agency notes that 

aggregate techniques considered to-date 

do not have the same sensitivity as 

targeted techniques. The quantitation 

capabilities of the EOF technique, and 

the suitability of the technique for 

drinking water monitoring, continue to 

be evaluated. 

The agency considered other 

aggregate methods, including an 


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adsorbable organic fluorine (AOF) 

procedure, such as draft EPA Method 

1621 (USEPA, 2022a). In the AOF 

method, larger samples achieve better 

sensitivity. The agency notes that draft 

EPA Method 1621 does not retain short 

carbon PFAS within the data quality 

objective limits of 70–130%. In 

addition, draft EPA Method 1621 does 

not permit rinsing of the sample 

container, meaning hydrophobic PFAS 

may be lost to adsorption on the sample 

container. A method wash step removes 

inorganic fluoride up to 95%, but a trace 

amount of inorganic fluoride may 

remain because of the weak anion 

exchange sorbent. 

The EPA invites comments to support 

development and consideration of 

aggregate PFAS measurement. The 

agency is particularly interested in the 

following: (1) techniques to extract or 

adsorb ultra short chain PFAS; (2) 

alternative ways to remove inorganic 

fluoride from aqueous drinking water 

samples prior to or during the extraction 

or adsorption for organic fluoride; (3) 

techniques to capture anionic, neutral 

and cationic PFAS in a single solid 

phase extraction procedure; and (4) 

techniques to improve the selectivity of 

the extraction process to reduce or 

eliminate retention of non-PFAS 

fluorinated compounds. 

2. Draft EPA Method Microplastics— 

Analysis of microplastics in drinking 

water using spectroscopic 

instrumentation. 

The target contaminant for this 

method is ‘‘microplastics.’’ Common 

spectroscopic libraries contain spectra 

for thousands of different polymers that 

can all be identified using these 

instruments. For this discussion, EPA’s 

water research definition of 

microplastics is particles ranging in size 

from 5 millimeters (mm) to 1 mm at 

https://www.epa.gov/water-research/ 

microplastics-research. 

The agency is in the early stages of 

developing a microplastics method and 

is gathering information about analytical 

approaches. The agency recognizes that 

voluntary consensus standards bodies 

(VCSBs) methods ASTM D8332–20 and 

ASTM D8333–20 are available. This 

section summarizes the currently 

available research. In developing the 

final method approach, the agency will 

seek to incorporate the latest 

advancements in microplastic research 

and analytical methodologies. 

There are a variety of spectroscopic 

techniques that can be utilized for 

microplastic analysis, including fourier 

transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 

laser direct infrared (LDIR) 

spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. 

The analytical instruments associated 

with these techniques have more 

similarities than differences and all 

provide similar information to 

characterize microplastics, including 

size, shape, and polymer type of 

individual microplastics. 

For all of the spectroscopy techniques 

examined by the agency, samples are 

stored at 4 degrees Celsius (Wong and 

Coffin, 2022) or have a maximum of one 

freeze and thaw cycle (ITRC, 2023). 

Depending on the requirements and 

capabilities of the analytical instrument, 

a variety of instrument filter types with 

different coatings and pore sizes have 

been used to collect microplastics from 

aqueous samples. For example, the LDIR 

imaging system uses gold-coated filters 

that are infrared-reflective. The 

California State Water Resources 

Control Board does not recommend 

density separation or digestion for 

drinking water samples (Wong and 

Coffin, 2022). 

Spectroscopic methods only quantify 

the number of particles, not a mass of 

polymer, and can identify even a single 

particle on a filter, so the measurement 

capability is only related to the size of 

the particle. Many infrared and Ramanbased instruments can identify particles 

with a minimum diameter of 20 microns 

and 1-micron, respectively. However, 

the minimum size for reliable 

identification on the widest range of 

instrument models should be 

considered as 50 microns for infraredbased instruments and 20 microns for 

Raman-based instruments. (Wong and 

Coffin, 2022). 

The EPA invites comments to support 

the development of a microplastics 

method. The agency is specifically 

interested in comments that will help 

identify the changes to microplastics 

that happen as a result of reactions to 

environmental exposures (i.e., sunlight, 

water, and temperature) and how these 

changes can affect reliable polymer 

identification. 

D. What information should the public 

provide when submitting comments 

about drinking water analytical methods 

for CCL 5 and other emerging 

contaminants? 

The EPA welcomes comments from 

the public regarding analytical methods 

for measuring emerging contaminants in 

drinking water. This includes methods 

already published by the agency or 

others, those under development by the 

agency or others, and those that should 

be considered for future development. 

The agency is particularly interested in 

methods that may be used to monitor 

drinking water for the contaminants 

published on final the CCL 5 (87 FR 

68060, November 14, 2022 (USEPA, 

2022b)). The agency encourages 

commenters to include their name, 

affiliation, phone number, mailing 

address, and email address. However, 

this information is not required, and 

comments can be submitted 

anonymously. When addressing nonEPA or voluntary consensus standards 

bodies (VCSBs) methods, comments 

should address the following, as 

applicable: 

1. Specify the method name and 

describe, at least generally, the 

instrumentation upon which it relies. 

2. Specify the status of the method 

(e.g., fully-developed, nearing 

completion, early development). 

3. Specify the emerging 

contaminant(s), particularly the CCL 

contaminants, that can be analyzed with 

the drinking water analytical method. 

CCL 5 contaminants are listed in 

Exhibits 1–5 of this notice and at 

https://www.federalregister.gov/ 

documents/2022/11/14/2022-23963/ 

drinking-water-contaminant-candidatelist-5-final. 

4. Specify method performance 

information, such as sensitivity, 

selectivity, accuracy, and precision 

attainable for the contaminant(s). 

Describe the degree to which the 

method performance has been validated; 

the latter is important for any method 

being considered by the EPA for UCMR 

or other purposes. Guidelines for 

analytical method validation are 

described by the EPA Forum on 

Environmental Measurement (FEM) in 

documents available through the FEM 

website (USEPA, 2016b, c) at https://

www.epa.gov/measurements-modeling/ 

method-validation-and-peer-reviewpolicies-and-guidelines. 

5. To the extent possible, specify the 

cost, availability, and your laboratory’s 

capacity to run the method 

commercially. 

6. Provide complete citations for 

referenced analytical methods, 

including author(s), title, journal (or 

other publication), and date. 

7. Provide contact information for the 

principal investigator, when available. 

IV. References 

(i) Anisuzzaman, A., Storehalder, T., 

Williams, D., Ogg, N., Kilbourne, T., John 

Samuel, J., & Cottrell, C. 2008. Effect of 

Alcohols on the Stability of Iprodione in 

Solution. Journal of Agricultural and 

Food Chemiemergingstry, 56 (2), 502– 

506. DOI: 10.1021/jf0720483. 

(ii) ASTM. 2015. ASTM D3558–15— 

Standard Test Methods for Cobalt in 

Water. ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, 

West Conshohocken, PA 19428. 

Approved February 1, 2015. Available 

for purchase at astm.org. 

(iii) ASTM. 2017a. ASTM D5175–91— 

Standard Test Method for Organohalide 


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Pesticides and Polychlorinated 

Biphenyls in Water by Microextraction 

and Gas Chromatography. ASTM, 100 

Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, 

PA 19428. Approved December 15, 2017. 

Available for purchase at astm.org. 

(iv) ASTM. 2017b. ASTM D5315–04—

Standard Test Method for Determination

of N-Methyl-Carbamoyloximes and NMethylcarbamates in Water by Direct

Aqueous Injection HPLC with PostColumn Derivatization. ASTM, 100 Barr

Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA

19428. Approved December 15, 2017.

Available for purchase at astm.org.

(v) ASTM. 2018a. ASTM D6581–18—

Standard Test Methods for Bromate,

Bromide, Chlorate, and Chlorite in

Drinking Water by Suppressed Ion

Chromatography. ASTM, 100 Barr

Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA

19428. Approved May 1, 2018. Available

for purchase at astm.org.

(vi) ASTM. 2018b. ASTM D5790–18—

Standard Test Method for Measurement

of Purgeable Organic Compounds in

Water by Capillary Column Gas

Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.

ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West

Conshohocken, PA 19428. Approved

December 15, 2018. Available for

purchase at astm.org.

(vii) ASTM. 2019. ASTM D5246–19—

Standard Test Method for Isolation and

Enumeration of Pseudomonas

aeruginosa from Water. ASTM, 100 Barr

Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA

19428. Approved December 1, 2019.

Available for purchase at astm.org.

(viii) ASTM. 2020a. ASTM D1976–20—

Standard Test Method for Elements in

Water by Inductively Coupled Plasma

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy. ASTM,

100 Barr Harbor Drive, West

Conshohocken, PA 19428. Approved

May 1, 2020. Available for purchase at

astm.org.

(ix) ASTM. 2020b. ASTM D8332–20—

Standard Practice for Collection of Water

Samples with High, Medium, or Low

Suspended Solids for Identification and

Quantification of Microplastic Particles

and Fibers. ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor

Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.

Approved July 15, 2020. Available for

purchase at astm.org.

(x) ASTM. 2020c. ASTM D8333–20—

Standard Practice for Collection of Water

Samples with High, Medium, or Low

Suspended Solids for Identification and

Quantification of Microplastic Particles

and Fibers Using Ramen Spectroscopy,

IR Spectroscopy, or Pyrolysis-GC/MS.

ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West

Conshohocken, PA 19428. Approved

July 15, 2020. Available for purchase at

astm.org.

(xi) ASTM. 2021. ASTM D8429–21—

Standard Test Method for Legionella

pneumophila in Water Samples Using

Legiolert. ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,

West Conshohocken, PA 19428.

Approved 2021. Available for purchase

at astm.org.

(xii) ASTM. 2023. ASTM D7645–23—

Standard Test Method for Determination

of Aldicarb, Aldicarb Sulfone, Aldicarb 

Sulfoxide, Carbofuran, Methomyl, 

Oxamyl, and Thiofanox in Water by 

Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass 

Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). ASTM, 100 

Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, 

PA 19428. Approved April 15, 2023. 

Available for purchase at astm.org. 

(xiii) Bichon, E., Guiffard, I., Ve ́nisseau, A.,

Marchand, P., Antignac, J.P., & Le Bizec,

B. 2015. Ultra-trace quantification

method for chlordecone in human fluids

and tissues. Journal of Chromatography

A, 1408, 169–177. DOI.org/10.1016/

j.chroma.2015.07.013.

(xiv) ISO Online. 2017. 11731:2017—Water

Quality—Enumeration of Legionella. ISO

Standards. Available for purchase at

https://www.iso.org/standards.html.

(xv) ISO Online. 2019. 12869:2019—Water

quality—Detection and quantification of

Legionella spp. and/or Legionella

pneumophila by concentration and genic

amplification by quantitative polymerase

chain reaction (qPCR). ISO Standards.

Available for purchase at https://

www.iso.org/standards.html.

(xvi) Interstate Technology Regulatory

Council (ITRC). 2023. Microplastics

Outreach Toolkit—Sampling and

Analysis. February 2023. Available at

https://mp-1.itrcweb.org/sampling-andanalysis/.

(xvii) SM Online. 1997a. 3500–V—Vanadium

(Editorial Revisions, 2020). Standard

Methods Online. Available for purchase

at http://www.standardmethods.org.

(xviii) SM Online. 1997b. 6200—Volatile

Organic Compounds Method (Editorial

Revisions, 2011 and 2020). Standard

Methods Online. Available for purchase

at http://www.standardmethods.org.

(xix) SM Online. 1999a. 3111—Metals by

Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Method (Editorial Revisions, 2019).

Standard Methods Online. Available for

purchase at http://www.standard

methods.org.

(xx) SM Online. 1999b. 3120—Metals by

Plasma Emission Spectroscopy Method

(Editorial Revisions, 2020). Standard

Methods Online. Available for purchase

at http://www.standardmethods.org.

(xxi) SM Online. 1999c. 3500-Mn—

Manganese (Editorial Revisions, 2020).

Standard Methods Online. Available for

purchase at http://www.standard

methods.org.

(xxii) SM Online. 2000a. 4110—

Determination of Anions by Ion

Chromatography Method (Editorial

Revisions, 2020). Standard Methods

Online. Available for purchase at http://

www.standardmethods.org.

(xxiii) SM Online. 2000b. 4500–B—Boron

(Editorial Revisions, 2020). Standard

Methods Online. Available for purchase

at http://www.standardmethods.org.

(xxiv) SM Online. 2004a. 3500-Li—Lithium

(Editorial Revisions, 2020). Standard

Methods Online. Available for purchase

at http://www.standardmethods.org.

(xxv) SM Online. 2004b. 6610—Carbamate

Pesticides Method (Editorial Revisions,

2021). Standard Methods Online.

Available for purchase at http://

www.standardmethods.org.

(xxvi) SM Online. 2005. 6252—Disinfection

Byproducts: Aldehydes Method

(Proposed) (Editorial Revisions, 2020).

Standard Methods Online. Available for

purchase at http://www.standard

methods.org.

(xxvii) SM Online. 2007a. 6251—Disinfection

Byproducts: Haloacetic Acids and

Trichlorophenol Method (Editorial

Revisions, 2020). Standard Methods

Online. Available for purchase at http://

www.standardmethods.org.

(xxviii) SM Online. 2007b. 6450—

Nitrosamines Method (Editorial

Revisions, 2021). Standard Methods

Online. Available for purchase at http://

www.standardmethods.org.

(xxix) SM Online. 2007c. 9213—Recreational

Waters (Editorial Revisions, 2022).

Standard Methods Online. Available for

purchase at http://

www.standardmethods.org.

(xxx) SM Online. 2010. 3113—Metals by

Electrothermal Atomic Absorption

Spectrometry Method (Editorial

Revisions, 2020). Standard Methods

Online. Available for purchase at http://

www.standardmethods.org.

(xxxi) SM Online. 2013. 6810—

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care

Products Method (Editorial Revisions,

2021). Standard Methods Online.

Available for purchase at http://

www.standardmethods.org.

(xxxii) SM Online. 2021. 9750—Detection of

Naegleria fowleri in Water. Standard

Methods Online. Available for purchase

at http://www.standardmethods.org.

(xxxiii) USEPA. 1992a. Method 552.1—

Determination of Haloacetic Acids and

Dalapon in Drinking Water by IonExchange Liquid-Solid Extraction and

Gas Chromatography with an Electron

Capture Detector. Revision 1.0. Office of

Research and Development, Cincinnati,

OH. August 1992. Available at https://

www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/4784/.

(xxxiv) USEPA. 1992b. Method 554—

Determination of Carbonyl Compounds

in Drinking Water by

Dinitrophenylhydrazine Derivatization

and High Performance Liquid

Chromatography. Revision 1.0. Office of

Research and Development, Cincinnati,

OH. August 1992. Available at https://

www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/12611/.

(xxxv) USEPA. 1994a. Method 200.7—

Determination of Metals and Trace

Elements in Water and Wastes by

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic

Emission Spectrometry. Revision 4.4.

Office of Research and Development,

Cincinnati, OH. 1994. Available at

https://www.epa.gov/esam/method2007-determination-metals-and-traceelements-water-and-wastes-inductivelycoupled-plasma.

(xxxvi) USEPA. 1994b. Method 200.8—

Determination Trace Elements in Waters

and Wastes by Inductively Coupled

Plasma-Mass Spectrometry. Revision 5.4.

Office of Research and Development,

Cincinnati, OH. 1994. Available at

https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/

2015-06/documents/epa-200.8.pdf.


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(xxxvii) USEPA. 1994c. Method 200.9— 

Determination of Trace Elements by 

Stabilized Temperature Graphic Furnace 

Atomic Absorption. Revision 2.2. Office 

of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. 1994 Available at 

https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/ 

2015-08/documents/method_200-9_rev_

2-2_1994.pdf. 

(xxxviii) USEPA. 1995a. Method 502.2— 

Volatile Organic Compounds in Water by 

Purge and Trap Capillary Column Gas 

Chromatography with Photoionization 

and Electrolytic Conductivity Detectors 

in Series. Revision 2.1. Office of 

Research and Development, Cincinnati, 

OH. 1995. Available at https:// 

www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/4827/. 

(xxxix) USEPA. 1995b. Method 504.1—1,2- 

Dibromoethane (EDB), 1,2-Dibromo-3- 

Chloro-Propane (DBCP), and 1,2,3- 

Trichloropropane (123TCP) in Water by 

Microextraction and Gas 

Chromatography. Revision 1.1. Office of 

Research and Development, Cincinnati, 

OH. 1995. Available at https:// 

www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/4825/. 

(xl) USEPA. 1995c. Method 505—Analysis of 

Organohalide Pesticides and 

Commercial Polychlorinated Biphenyl 

(PCB) Products in Water by 

Microextraction and Gas 

Chromatography. Revision 2.1. Office of 

Research and Development, Cincinnati, 

OH. 1995. Available at https:// 

www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/4799/. 

(xli) USEPA. 1995d. Method 507— 

Determination of Nitrogen and 

Phosphorus Containing Pesticides in 

Water by Gas Chromatography with a 

Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detector. Revision 

2.1. Office of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. 1995. Available at 

https://www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/4801/. 

(xlii) USEPA. 1995e. Method 508— 

Determination of Chlorinated Pesticides 

in Water by Gas Chromatography with 

an Electron Capture Detector. Revision 

3.1. Office of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. 1995. Available at 

https://www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/4826/. 

(xliii) USEPA. 1995f. Method 508.1— 

Determination of Chlorinated Pesticides, 

Herbicides, and Organohalides by 

Liquid-Solid Extraction and Electron 

Capture Gas Chromatography. Revision 

2.0. Office of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. 1995. Available at 

https://www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/4802/. 

(xliv) USEPA. 1995g. Method 524.2— 

Measurement of Purgeable Organic 

Compounds in Water by Capillary 

Column Gas Chromatography/Mass 

Spectrometry. Revision 4.1. Office of 

Research and Development, Cincinnati, 

OH. 1995. Available at https:// 

www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-06/ 

documents/epa-524.2.pdf. 

(xlv) USEPA. 1995h. Method 525.2— 

Determination of Organic Compounds in 

Drinking Water by Liquid-Solid 

Extraction and Capillary Column Gas 

Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. 

Revision 2.0. Office of Research and 

Development, Cincinnati, OH. 1995. 

Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/ 

default/files/2015-06/documents/epa525.2.pdf. 

(xlvi) USEPA. 1995i. Method 531.1— 

Measurement of NMethylcarbamoyloximes and NMethylcarbamates in Water by Direct 

Aqueous Injection HPLC with Post 

Column Derivatization. Revision 3.1. 

Office of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. 1995. Available at 

https://www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/4805/. 

(xlvii) USEPA. 1995j. Method 551.1— 

Determination of Chlorination 

Disinfection Byproducts, Chlorinated 

Solvents, and Halogenated Pesticides/ 

Herbicides in Drinking Water by LiquidLiquid Extraction and Gas 

Chromatography with Electron-Capture 

Detection. Revision 1.0. Office of 

Research and Development, Cincinnati, 

OH. 1995. Available at https://

www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-06/ 

documents/epa-551.1.pdf. 

(xlviii) USEPA. 1995k. Method 552.2— 

Determination of Haloacetic Acids and 

Dalapon in Drinking Water by LiquidLiquid Extraction, Derivatization and 

Gas Chromatography with Electron 

Capture Detection. Revision 1.0. Office 

of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. 1995. Available at 

https://www.nemi.gov/methods/method_

summary/4787/. 

(xlix) USEPA. 1997. Method 300.1— 

Determination of Inorganic Anions in 

Drinking Water by Ion Chromatography. 

Revision 1.0. Office of Research and 

Development, Cincinnati, OH. 1997. 

Available at https://www.epa.gov/sites/ 

default/files/2015-06/documents/epa300.1.pdf. 

(l) USEPA. 1999. Method 556.1— 

Determination of Carbonyl Compounds 

in Drinking Water by Fast Gas 

Chromatography. Revision 1.0. Office of 

Research and Development, Cincinnati, 

OH. September 1999. Available at 

https://www.epa.gov/dwanalytical

methods. 

(li) USEPA. 2000a. Method 526— 

Determination of Selected Semivolatile 

Organic Compounds in Drinking Water 

by Solid Phase Extraction and Capillary 

Column Gas Chromatography/Mass 

Spectrometry (GC/MS). Revision 1.0. 

Office of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. June 2000. Available at 

https://www.epa.gov/dwanalytical

methods. 

(lii) USEPA. 2000b. Method 528— 

Determination of Phenols in Drinking 

Water by Solid Phase Extraction and 

Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/ 

Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Revision 

1.0. Office of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. April 2000. Available at 

https://www.epa.gov/dwanalytical

methods. 

(liii) USEPA. 2000c. Method 532— 

Determination of Phenylurea 

Compounds in Drinking Water by Solid 

Phase Extraction and High Performance 

Liquid Chromatography with UV 

Detection. Revision 1.0. Office of 

Research and Development, Cincinnati, 

OH. June 2000. Available at https://

www.epa.gov/dwanalyticalmethods. 

(liv) USEPA. 2001. Method 531.2— 

Measurement of NMethylcarbamoyloximes and NMethylcarbamates in Water by Direct 

Aqueous Injection HPLC with 

Postcolumn Derivatization. Revision 1.0. 

EPA 815–B–01–002. Office of Ground 

Water and Drinking Water, Cincinnati, 

OH. September 2001. Available at 

https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/ 

2015-06/documents/epa-531.2.pdf. 

(lv) USEPA. 2003a. Method 552.3— 

Determination of Haloacetic Acids and 

Dalapon in Drinking Water by LiquidLiquid Microextraction, Derivatization, 

and Gas Chromatography with Electron 

Capture Detection. Revision 1.0. EPA 

815–B–03–002. Office of Ground Water 

and Drinking Water, Cincinnati, OH. July 

2003. Available at https://nepis.epa.gov/ 

Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/901V0400.PDF?

Dockey=901V0400.PDF. 

(lvi) USEPA. 2003b. Method 200.5— 

Determination of Trace Elements in 

Drinking Water by Axially Viewed 

Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic 

Emission Spectrometry. Revision 4.2. 

EPA 600–R–06–115. Office of Research 

and Development, Cincinnati, OH. 

October 2003. Available at https://

www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-08/ 

documents/method_200-5_rev_4-2_

2003.pdf. 

(lvii) USEPA. 2004. Method 521— 

Determination of Nitrosamines in 

Drinking Water by Solid Phase 

Extraction and Capillary Column Gas 

Chromatography with Large Volume 

Injection and Chemical Ionization 

Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS). 

Version 1.0. EPA 600–R–05–054. Office 

of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. September 2004. 

Available at https://www.epa.gov/

dwanalyticalmethods. 

(lviii) USEPA. 2005. Method 527— 

Determination of Selected Pesticides and 

Flame Retardants in Drinking Water by 

Solid Phase Extraction and Capillary 

Column Gas Chromatography/Mass 

Spectrometry (GC/MS). Revision 1.0. 

EPA 815–R–05–005. Office of Ground 

Water and Drinking Water, Cincinnati, 

OH. April 2005. Available at https://

www.epa.gov/dwanalyticalmethods. 

(lix) USEPA. 2007. Method 536— 

Determination of Triazine Pesticides and 

their Degradates in Drinking Water by 

Liquid Chromatography Electrospray 

Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry 

(LC/ESI–MS/MS). Version 1.0. EPA 815– 

B–07–002. Office of Ground Water and 

Drinking Water, Cincinnati, OH. October 

2007. Available at https://nepis.epa.gov/ 

Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/P1005E35.PDF?

Dockey=P1005E35.PDF. 

(lx) USEPA. 2008. Method 522— 

Determination of 1,4-Dioxane in 

Drinking Water by Solid Phase 


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Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 27 / Thursday, February 8, 2024 / Proposed Rules 8597 

Extraction (SPE) and Gas 

Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry 

(GC/MS) with Selected Ion Monitoring 

(SIM). Revision 1.0. EPA 600–R–08–101. 

Office of Research and Development, 

Cincinnati, OH. September 2008. 

Available at https://www.epa.gov/

dwanalyticalmethods. 

(lxi) USEPA. 2009a. Method 524.3—

Measurement of Purgeable Organic

Compounds in Water by Capillary

Column Gas Chromatography/Mass

Spectrometry. Version 1.0. EPA 815–B–

09–009. Office of Ground Water and

Drinking Water, Cincinnati, OH. June

2009. Available at https://nepis.epa.gov/

Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/P100J75C.

PDF?Dockey=P100J75C.PDF.

(lxii) USEPA. 2009b. Method 557:

Determination of Haloacetic Acids,

Bromate, and Dalapon in Drinking Water

by Ion Chromatography Electrospray

Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry

(IC–ESI–MS/MS). Version 1.0. Office of

Water, Cincinnati, OH. September 2009.

Available at https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/

ZyPDF.cgi/P1005OKO.PDF?

Dockey=P1005OKO.PDF.

(lxiii) USEPA. 2009c. Method 538—

Determination of Selected Organic

Contaminants in Drinking Water by

Direct Aqueous Injection-Liquid

Chromatography/Tandem Mass

Spectrometry (DAI–LC/MS/MS). Version

1.0. EPA 600–R–09–149. Office of

Research and Development, Cincinnati,

OH. November 2009. Available at

https://www.epa.gov/dwanalytical

methods.

(lxiv) USEPA. 2010. Method 539—

Determination of Hormones in Drinking

Water by Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

and Liquid Chromatography

Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass

Spectrometry (LC–ESI–MS/MS). Version

1.0. EPA 815–B–10–001. Office of Water,

Cincinnati, OH. November 2010.

Available at https://www.epa.gov/

dwanalyticalmethods.

(lxv) USEPA. 2011. Method 523—

Determination of Triazine Pesticides and

their Degradates in Drinking Water by

Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

(GC/MS). Version 1.0. EPA 815–R–11–

002. Office of Water, Cincinnati, OH.

February 2011. Available at https://

nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/

P100J7D4.PDF?Dockey=P100J7D4.PDF.

(lxvi) USEPA. 2012. Method 525.3—

Determination of Semivolatile Organic

Chemicals in Drinking Water by Solid

Phase Extraction and Capillary Column

Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

(GC/MS). Version 1.0. EPA 600–R–12–

010. Office of Research and

Development, Cincinnati, OH. February

2012. Available at https://cfpub.epa.gov/

si/si_public_record_

report.cfm?Lab=NERL&

dirEntryId=241188.

(lxvii) USEPA. 2013a. Method 524.4—

Measurement of Purgeable Organic

Compounds in Water by Gas

Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

Using Nitrogen Purge Gas. EPA 815–R–

13–002. Office of Water, Cincinnati, OH.

May 2013. Available at https://nepis.

epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/P100J7EE.PDF?

Dockey=P100J7EE.PDF. 

(lxviii) USEPA. 2013b. Method 540—

Determination of Selected Organic

Chemicals in Drinking Water by Solid

Phase Extraction and Liquid

Chromatography/Tandem Mass

Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Version 1.0.

EPA 600–R–13–119. Office of Research

and Development, Cincinnati, OH.

September 2013. Available at https://

www.epa.gov/dwanalyticalmethods.

(lxix) USEPA. 2014. Method 1615—

Measurement of Enterovirus and

Norovirus Occurrence in Water by

Culture and RT-qPCR. Version 1.3.

Office of Research and Development,

Cincinnati, OH. September 2014.

Available at https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_

public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=

306930&Lab=NERL.

(lxx) USEPA. 2015a. Method 530—

Determination of Select Semivolatile

Organic Chemicals in Drinking Water by

Solid Phase Extraction and Gas

Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

(GC/MS). Version 1.0. EPA 600–R–14–

442. Office of Research and

Development, Cincinnati, OH. January

2015. Available at https://www.epa.gov/

dwanalyticalmethods.

(lxxi) USEPA. 2015b. Method 544—

Determination of Microcystins and

Nodularin in Drinking Water by Solid

Phase Extraction and Liquid

Chromatography/Tandem Mass

Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Version 1.0.

EPA 600–R–14–474. Office of Research

and Development, Cincinnati, OH.

February 2015. Available at https://www.

epa.gov/dwanalyticalmethods.

(lxxii) USEPA. 2015c. Method 543—

Determination of Selected Organic

Chemicals in Drinking Water by On-Line

Solid Phase Extraction-Liquid

Chromatography/Tandem Mass

Spectrometry (On-Line SPE–LC/MS/MS).

Version 1.0. EPA 600–R–14–098. Office

of Research and Development,

Cincinnati, OH. March 2015. Available at

https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/

P100MD0C.PDF?Dockey=

P100MD0C.PDF.

(lxxiii) USEPA. 2015d. Method 545:

Determination of Cylindrospermopsin

and Anatoxin-a in Drinking Water by

Liquid Chromatography Electrospray

Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry

(LC/ESI–MS/MS). EPA 815–R–15–009.

Office of Water, Cincinnati, OH. April

2015. Available at https://www.epa.gov/

dwanalyticalmethods.

(lxxiv) USEPA. 2015e. Method 541:

Determination of 1-Butanol, 1,4-Dioxane,

2-Methoxyethanol and 2-Propen-1-ol in

Drinking Water by Solid Phase

Extraction and Gas Chromatography/

Mass Spectrometry. EPA 815–R–15–011.

Office of Water, Cincinnati, OH.

November 2015. Available at https://

nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?

Dockey=P100NGIF.txt.

(lxxv) USEPA. 2016a. Method 600/R–16/114-

Analytical Protocol for Measurement of

Extractable Semivolatile Organic

Compounds Using Gas Chromatography/ 

Mass Spectrometry. Office of Research 

and Development, Cincinnati, OH. July 

2016. Available at https://cfpub.epa.gov/ 

si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntry

Id=337629&Lab=NHSRC. 

(lxxvi) USEPA. 2016b. Method Validation of

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA) Microbiological Methods of

Analysis. FEM Document Number 2009–

01. December 2016. Available at https://

www.epa.gov/measurements-modeling/

method-validation-and-peer-reviewpolicies-and-guidelines.

(lxxvii) USEPA. 2016c. Validation and Peer

Review of U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency Chemical Methods of Analysis.

FEM Document Number 2005–01.

February 2016. Available at https://

www.epa.gov/measurements-modeling/

method-validation-and-peer-reviewpolicies-and-guidelines.

(lxxviii) USEPA. 2019a. Method 533:

Determination of Per- and

Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Drinking

Water by Isotope Dilution Anion

Exchange Solid Phase Extraction and

Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass

Spectrometry. EPA 815–B–19–020.

Office of Water, Cincinnati, OH.

November 2019. Available at https://

www.epa.gov/dwanalyticalmethods.

(lxxix) USEPA. 2019b. Technical Brief

Innovative Research for a Sustainable

Future: Perfluoroalkyl and

Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)

Methods and guidance for sampling and

analyzing water and other environmental

media. EPA 600–F–17–022g. Office of

Research and Development, Cincinnati,

OH. March 2010. Available at https://

www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2019-12/

documents/pfas_methods-sampling_

tech_brief_23dec19_update.pdf.

(lxxx) USEPA. 2020a. Method 537.1:

Determination of Selected Per- and

Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances in

Drinking Water by Solid Phase

Extraction and Liquid Chromotography/

Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS/

MS). Version 2.0. EPA 600–R–20–006.

Office of Research and Development,

Cincinnati, OH. March 2010. Available at

https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_

record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=348508&

Lab=CESER&simpleSearch=0&

showCriteria=2&searchAll=537.1&

TIMSType=&dateBegi

nPublishedPresented=

03%2F24%2F2018.

(lxxxi) USEPA. 2020b. Method 559—

Determination of Nonylphenol and 4-

Tert-Octylphenol in Drinking Water by

Solid Phase Extraction and Liquid

Chromatography/Tandem Mass

Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Version 1.0.

EPA 600–R–20–270. Office of Research

and Development, Cincinnati, OH.

September 2020. Available at https://cf

pub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_

report.cfm?Lab=CESER&

dirEntryId=349691.

(lxxxii) USEPA. 2022a. Draft Method 1621:

Screening Method for the Determination

of Adsorbable Organic Fluorine (AOF) in

Aqueous Matrices by Combustion Ion


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8598 Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 27 / Thursday, February 8, 2024 / Proposed Rules 

Chromatography (CIC). EPA–821–D–22– 

0202. Office of Research and 

Development, Cincinnati, OH. April 

2022. Available at https://www.epa.gov/ 

system/files/documents/2022-04/draftmethod-1621-for-screening-aof-inaqueous-matrices-by-cic_0.pdf. 

(lxxxiii) USEPA. 2022b. Drinking Water

Contaminant Candidate List 5—Final.

Federal Register. Vol. 87, No. 218, p.

68060, November 14, 2022.

(lxxxiv) USEPA. 2023. Comptox Chemicals

Dashboard v2.3.0. https://

comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemicallists/PFASSTRUCT (accessed January 24,

2024) PFAS Structure Lists.

(lxxxv) Wong, C. & Coffin, S. 2022. Standard

Operating Procedures for Extraction and 

Measurement by Infrared Spectroscopy 

of Microplastic Particles in Drinking 

Water. California State Water Resources 

Control Board. May 27, 2022. Available 

at https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/ 

drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/ 

documents/microplastics/swb-mp1- 

rev1.pdf. 

Jennifer L. McLain, 

Director, Office of Ground Water and Drinking 

Water. 

[FR Doc. 2024–02247 Filed 2–7–24; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE P 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 

AGENCY 

40 CFR Parts 260, 261, and 270 

[EPA–HQ–OLEM–2023–0085; FRL–9247– 

01–OLEM] 

RIN 2050–AH27 

Definition of Hazardous Waste 

Applicable to Corrective Action for 

Releases From Solid Waste 

Management Units 

AGENCY: Environmental Protection 

Agency (EPA). 

ACTION: Proposed rule. 

SUMMARY: This proposed rule would 

amend the definition of hazardous 

waste applicable to corrective action to 

address releases from solid waste 

management units at RCRA-permitted 

treatment, storage, and disposal 

facilities and make related conforming 

amendments, thereby providing clear 

regulatory authority to fully implement 

the Resource Conservation and 

Recovery Act (RCRA) statutory 

requirement that permitted facilities 

conduct corrective action to address 

releases not only of substances listed or 

identified as hazardous waste in the 

regulations but of any substance that 

meets the statutory definition of 

hazardous waste. The proposed rule 

would also provide notice of EPA’s 

interpretation that the statutory 

definition of hazardous waste applies to 

corrective action for releases from solid 

waste management units at permitted 

and interim status facilities. 

DATES: Comments must be received on 

or before March 11, 2024. 

ADDRESSES: You may send comments, 

identified by Docket ID No. EPA–HQ– 

OLEM–2023–0085, by any of the 

following methods: 

• Federal eRulemaking Portal:

https://www.regulations.gov/ (our 

preferred method). Follow the online 

instructions for submitting comments. 

• Mail: U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency, EPA Docket Center, 

RCRA Docket, Mail Code 28221T, 1200 

Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, 

DC 20460. 

• Hand Delivery/Courier: EPA Docket

Center, WJC West Building, Room 3334, 

1301 Constitution Avenue NW, 

Washington, DC 20004. The Docket 

Center’s hours of operations are 8:30 

a.m.–4:30 p.m., Monday–Friday (except

Federal Holidays).

Instructions: All submissions received 

must include the Docket ID No. for this 

rulemaking. Comments received may be 

posted without change to https://

www.regulations.gov/, including any 

personal information provided. For 

detailed instructions on sending 

comments and additional information 

on the rulemaking process, see the 

‘‘Public Participation’’ heading of the 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of 

this document. 

Submit your comments, identified by 

Docket ID No. EPA–HQ–OLEM–2023– 

0085, at https://www.regulations.gov 

(our preferred method), or the other 

methods identified in the ADDRESSES

section of this document. Once 

submitted, comments cannot be edited 

or removed from the docket. EPA may 

publish any comment received to its 

public docket. Do not submit 

electronically any information you 

consider to be Confidential Business 

Information (CBI) or other information 

whose disclosure is restricted by statute. 

Multimedia submissions (audio, video, 

etc.) must be accompanied by a written 

comment. The written comment is 

considered the official comment and 

should include discussion of all points 

you wish to make. EPA will generally 

not consider comments or comment 

contents located outside of the primary 

submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or 

other file sharing system). For 

additional submission methods, the full 

EPA public comment policy, 

information about CBI or multimedia 

submissions, and general guidance on 

making effective comments, please visit 

https://www.epa.gov/dockets/ 

commenting-epa-dockets. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Barbara Foster, Program Information 

and Implementation Division, Office of 

Resource Conservation and Recovery 

(5303T)) Environmental Protection 

Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, 

Washington DC, 20460, 202–566–0382, 

foster.barbara@epa.gov. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Authority

These regulations are promulgated

under the authority of sections 2002(a), 

3004(u) and (v), and 3008(h) of the 

Resource Conservation and Recovery 

Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 6912(a), 

6924(u) and (v), and 6928(h). 

II. Background

A. Overview of RCRA Corrective Action

Requirements Applicable to Releases

From Solid Waste Management Units

The 1984 Hazardous and Solid Waste 

Amendments (HSWA) to the Resource 

Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) 

expanded EPA’s authority to address 

releases of hazardous waste and 

constituents at RCRA treatment, storage, 

and disposal facilities. 

Sections 3004(u) and (v) of RCRA, 

added to the statute by HSWA, provided 

for corrective action requirements at 

permitted facilities. Section 3004(u) 

directed EPA to require corrective 

action for ‘‘all releases of hazardous 

waste or constituents from any solid 

waste management unit’’ at permitted 

hazardous waste treatment, storage, or 

disposal facilities regardless of the time 

at which waste was placed in the units. 

Section 3004(v) directed EPA to require 

that corrective action be taken beyond 

facility boundaries where necessary to 

protect human health and the 

environment unless facility owners/ 

operators demonstrate to the Agency’s 

satisfaction that, despite their best 

efforts, they were unable to obtain the 

necessary permission to undertake offsite corrective action. 

Section 3008(h), also added by 

HSWA, provided EPA authority to 

require corrective action for ‘‘a release 

of hazardous waste into the 

environment from a facility’’ authorized 

to operate under interim status. 

B. Brief History of Regulatory Actions

Implementing HSWA and Leading to

This Proposed Rule

Prior to HSWA, regulatory 

requirements for corrective action to 

address releases of hazardous waste and 

constituents were limited in scope. The 

regulations in 40 CFR part 264 Subpart 

F imposed requirements on owners and 


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