FILED U.S. COURT OF AP P EALS E LEV EN T HC IRC U IT March 31, 2008 THOMAS K. KAH

N CLERK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 07- 15129 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D . C. D o c k e tN o . 9 4 - 0 0 0 5 0 - CR- CB U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , P la in tif f - A p p e lle e , v ersu s D E W E Y W A Y N E S A L T E R , D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lla n t.

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e So u th e rn D i s tr i c to f A l ab a ma

_________________________ ( M ar c h 31, 2008) B efo re D U B IN A , C A RN E S an d B A R K E T T , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: A pp el l antD ew eyW ay ne S al t erappeal s hi s 15-m on th sent ence i m po se d2

upon r e voc a t i on of

hi s s upe r vi s e d r e l e a s e , 18 U . S . C . 3583. S a l t e ra r gue s tha tthe di s tr i c tc our te rr e d w he n i tc a l c ul a t e d the appl i c abl e a dvi s ory gui de l i ne r a nge be c a us e i ti nc orr e c t l y de t e r m i ne d tha thi s vi ol a t i on of s upe rvi s e d r e l e a s e f

or d ri v i n g u n d er th e i n fl u en ce o f al co h o l w as a g rad e B v i o l at i o n . S al t er d i d n o trai se thi s a rgum entbefore the di stri ctcourtun t i l he fi l ed a m ot i on for r el i ef un der F e d. R . C r i m . P . 35( a ) , a f t e rhe f i l e d the pr e s e ntnot i c e of appe a l . S a l t e rdi d not a m e n d th e n o tic e o f

ap p e a l o rf

ile a n e w o n e a f

te rth e d is tr ic t c o u r t d e n ie d h is R u le 35( a ) m ot i on. S c ope of A ppe al

“ We h a v e a n o b l i g a t i o n t o r e v i e w s u a s p o n te w hether w e have j uri sdi ct i on . ” U ni te d State s v . C ar tw r i

ght , 41 3 F . 3d 12 95 , 12 99 (11th C i r. 20 05 ). “ W e r evi ew que s t i ons of

j ur i s di c t i on de no vo . ” I d. U n d e rF e d .R .A p p .P . 4 ( b ) ( 1 ) ( A ) ( i) , a c r i m i na l l i t i ga ntm us tf

i l e a not i c e of

appe a l w i thi n t e n da y s a f t e rthe e ntry of ju d g m e n t o rth e o r d e rb e in g ap p e a le d . C ar tw r i ght , 413 F . 3d a t1299. “ A bs e ntthe f ilin g o f a tim e ly n o tic e o f

ap p e a l, aC o u r t o f

A p p e a ls is w ith o u t ju r is d ic tio n to re vi ew the deci si on on the m er i t s. ” I d. ( c i t a t i o n o mi tt e d ) . U n d e rFe d . R. A p p . P. 3( c ) , the not i c e of

appe a l m us tde s i gna t e the j udgm e nt , or de r , orpa r tbe i ng ap p e a le d . C ar tw r i

ght , 4 1 3 F . 3 d at1 2 9 9 -1 3 0 0 . W h en a cri m i n al l i t i g an tfi l es a n o tic e o f ap p e a l a f

te rf in a l ju d g m e n t, b u t b e f

o r e th e d e n ia l o f

a m o tio n to c o rr e c t a3

s e nt e nc e unde rF e d. R . C r i m . P . 35( a ) , the l i t i ga ntm us tf i l e a ne w not i c e of

appe a l or a m e nd the pr i ornot i c e of appe a l f orus t o ha ve j ur i s di c t i on t o r e vi e w the de ni a l of th e R u le 3 5 ( a ) m o tio n . See C ar tw r i ght , 413 F . 3d a t1300. I n thi s c a s e , the r e c or d de m ons tr a t e s tha tS a l t e rdi d notf i l e a ne w not i c e of ap p e a l o ra m e n d h is o r ig in a l n o tic e o f ap p e a l a f

te rth e d is tr ic t c o u r t d e n ie d h is R u le 3 5 (a ) m o ti o n . A cc o rd in g ly, w e lac k ju risd icti o n to re v iew th e d istrict co u rt’s d e n ia l o f th e R u le 3 5 ( a ) m o tio n . Se e id. S en te n ce u

p o n R evo ca tio n o

f S u p ervised R elea se W e do ha ve j ur i s di c t i on t o r e vi e w the f i na l j udgm e nt . S i nc e S a l t e rdi d not t i m e l y obj e c tt o the di s tr i c tc our t ’ s appl i c a t i on of the G ui de l i ne s , w e r e vi e w the s e n te n c e f

o rp la in e rr o r . U

n ite d S ta te s v . B e n n e tt , 47 2 F . 3d 82 5, 83 1 (11 th C i r. 20 06 ). W e have di sc re t i on t o correc tan error und erthe pl ai n err or st andard w here (1) a n err or occurre d, (2) the error w as pl ai n, (3) the error a ff ec t ed subst ant i al r i ght s , a nd ( 4) the e rr ors e r i ous l y a f f e c t s the f a i rne s s , i nt e gr i ty orpubl i c r e put a t i on o f ju d ic ia l p r o c e e d in g s . See i d. a t831- 32. U nde rthe thi r d pr ong of the pl a i n e rr or t e s t , the bur de n i s on S a l t e rt o s how tha tthe r e i s a r e a s onabl e pr obabi l i ty tha tthe e rr o ra f f e c te d th e o u tc o m e o f

th e d is tr ic t c o u r t p r o c e e d in g . U ni te d State s v . W

ood , 43 0 F . 3d 13 23 , 13 26 (11th C i r. 20 05 ). If an un ce rt ai nty e xi st s, the appel l anthas n o t c a rr ie d h is b u r d e n to s h o w th a t th e e rr o ra f f e c te d h is s u b s ta n tia l r ig h ts . See i d.4

A ft er U ni ted Stat es v. B oo ke r , 5 4 3 U. S . 2 2 0 , 1 2 5 S . C t7 3 8 ( 2 0 0 5 ) , we e s tab lis h e d a tw o - p a r t p r o c e s s f o rd is tr ic t c o u r ts to u s e in c a lc u la tin g s e n te n c e s . U ni te d State s v . McB r i de , 51 1 F . 3d 12 93 , 12 97 (11th C i r. 20 07 ). F i rs t , the di stri ct c our tm us tc ons ul ta nd c orr e c t l y c a l c ul a t e the r a nge r e c om m e nde d by the S e n te n c in g G u id e lin e s . I d. S e c o n d , th e d is tr ic t c o u r t m u s t f a s h io n a r e a s o n ab le s e n te n c e b y c o n s id e r in g th e f a c to r s e n u m e r a te d in § 3 5 5 3 ( a ) . I d. U n d er U . S . S . G . § 7 B 1 . 1 , th ere are three g rad es o f su p erv i sed rel ease vi ol a t i ons . T he tw o tha ta r e pe r t i ne ntt o thi s c a s e a r e the f ol l ow i ng: (2) G ra de B V i ol at i on s- -c on du ctconst i tut i ng any other f eder al , st at e, orl oc a l of

f e ns e puni s habl e by a t e rm of i m pr i s onm e nte xc e e di ng one ye ar ; ( 3) G r a de C V i ol a t i ons - - c onduc tc ons t i tut i ng ( A ) a f e de r a l , s t a t e , or l oc a l of f e ns e puni s habl e by a t e rm of i m pr i s onm e ntof

one y e a ror l e s s ; or( B ) a vi ol a t i on of a ny othe rc ondi t i on of

s upe rvi s i on. U . S . S . G . §7B 1. 1( a ) . U pon r e voc a t i on of s upe rvi s e d r e l e a s e , gui de l i ne s e c t i on 7 B 1 .4 p r o v id e s th e r e c o m m e n d e d r a n g e s o f im p r is o n m e n t. See U .S .S .G . § 7 B 1 .4 . W h e n a g r a d e B v io la tio n o f s u p e rv is e d r e le a s e is c o u p le dw ith a n o r ig in a l cri m i n al h i st o ry cat eg o ry o f V I, th e ap p l i cab l e g u i d el i n e ran g e i s 2 1 t o 2 7 m o n th s’ im p r is o n m e n t. I

d. H ow e ve r , w he n the of f e ns e tha tr e s ul t e d i n the t e rm of s upe r vi s e d r e l e a s e w a s a c l a s s C f e l ony , the s t a tut ory m a xi m um s e nt e nc e f or r e v o c a t i o n o f

s u p e r v i s e d r e l e a s e i s 2 4 mo n th s ’ i mp r i s o n me n t . 1 8 U . S. C.5

§ 3 58 3(e) (3). W hen a grade C vi ol at i on i s c ou pl ed w i th a cr i m i nal hi st ory c at egory o f VI , th e ap p l i c ab l e g u i d e l i n e r a n g e i s 8 t o 1 4 m o n th s ’ i m p r i s o n m e n t . U. S . S . G. §7 B 1. 4(a) . U nde rthe A l aba m a C ode , a pe r s on’ s f our th D U I c onvi c t i on s ha l l be puni s he d by , a m ong othe rthi ngs , a t e rm of “ i m pr i s onm e ntof

notl e s s tha n one y e a ra nd one da y norm or e tha n 10 y e a r s . ” A l a . C ode § 32- 5A - 191( h) . T he C ode then p rovi des that“ [a ] pri or conv i ct i on w i thi n a fi ve-y ea r per i od for dri vi ng un der the i nf l ue nc e of a l c ohol ordrugs . . . s ha l l be c ons i de r e d by a c our tf ori m pos i ng a s e nt e nc e pur s ua ntt o thi s s e c t i on. ” A l a . C ode § 32- 5A - 191( o) . I n H a n kin s v . S ta te , the A l aba m a C our tof

C r i m i na l A ppe a l s he l d tha tA l a . C ode § 32- 5A - 191( o)

“ restri ct ed th e u se o f p ri o r D U I co n v i ct i o n s fo r sen t en ci n g p u rp o ses t o o n l y th o se c onvi c t i ons tha toc c urr e d w i thi n the f i ve - y e a rpe r i od i m m e di a t e l y pr e c e di ng the curr entconv i ct i on . ” H

a n kin s v . S ta te , __So . 2 d__ , ___ , CR- 0 6 - 0 3 1 0 ( A l a . Cr i m. A pp . S ep. 28 , 20 07 ). T hu s, a per son w i th n o D U I c on vi ct i on s w i thi n a fi ve-y ea r pe r i od pr e c e di ng the c onvi c t i on m a y notbe s e nt e nc e d t o m or e tha n one y e a rof i m pri sonm ent . A l a. C od e. § 3 2-5A -191 (e ). I n th is c a s e , th e g o v e rn m e n t c o n c e d e s th a t th e r e w a s a n e rr o rth a t w a s p la in b e c a u s e th e d is tr ic t c o u r t c a lc u la te d S a lte r ’s g u id e lin e im p r is o n m e n t r a n g e a s 2 1 to 24 m onths i ns t e a d of

8 t o 14 m onths . H ow e ve r , w e c onc l ude tha tS a l t e rha s not6

show n thatthere i s are as on abl e probabi l i ty thathi s s ent ence w ou l d h ave been di f f e r e ntha d the s e nt e nc i ng j udge c orr e c t l y c a l c ul a t e d the a dvi s ory gui de l i ne r a n g e . A c c o r d in g ly , w e a f f irm th e s e n te n c e b e c a u s e S a lte rh a s n o t s a tis f ie d h is b u r d e n u n d e rth e th ir d p r o n g o f th e p la in e rr o rs ta n d a r d . AF F I RME D.