# Patent

## Title
Cable barrier system

## Abstract

An example of the cable barrier system includes a cable-release anchor assembly; a length of need section having a plurality of line post spaced from each other, each of the line posts having an internal cavity and a slot formed along a sidewall extending downward from a top end of the post; a cable having a terminal end that is releasably held in tension by the cable-release anchor assembly; and the cable releasably connected to each line post by a post-cable connector, the post-cable connector having an elongated portion forming a loop, the elongated portion disposed substantially within the cavity and the loop extending through the slot exterior of the cavity, the cable slidingly disposed in the loop, wherein when an object impacts and deforms one of the posts toward ground level the cable is released from the deformed post in a manner such that the cable tends to stay in contact with the impacting object.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/175,940, filed on Jul. 6, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,364,137.
This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/175,939, entitled Releasable Post-Cable Connection, filed on Jul. 6, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,398,960; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/040,322, entitled Releasable Post-Cable Connection, filed on Feb. 29, 2008; and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/175,630, entitled Cable-Release Anchor Assembly, filed on Jul. 6, 2005, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,401,996. The above identified patent applications are incorporated herein by reference.


TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates in general to barriers and safety systems and more particularly to cable safety systems.
BACKGROUND
Cable barrier systems are often employed to redirect errant objects toward a less hazardous path. Often, cable barrier systems are utilized along the edges of roadways and in the medians between roadways. Cable barrier systems may reduce damage to an impacting errant vehicle and injury to its occupants. Cable barrier systems have been utilized for many years and are preferred in many applications. However, these prior art cable barrier systems still have disadvantages.
SUMMARY
An example of a cable barrier system includes a cable-release anchor assembly; a terminal end section having a terminal post, the terminal post being disposed adjacent to and spaced from the cable-release anchor assembly; a length of need section having a plurality of line posts spaced from each other, each of the line posts having an internal cavity and a slot formed along a sidewall extending downward from a top end of the post; a cable having a terminal end, the cable releasably held in tension by the cable-release anchor assembly proximate the terminal end of the cable; the cable releasably connected to the terminal post; and the cable releasably connected to each line post by a post-cable connector, the post-cable connector having an elongated portion forming a loop, the elongated portion disposed substantially within the cavity and the loop extending through the slot exterior of the cavity, the cable slidingly disposed in the loop, wherein when an object impacts and deforms one of the posts toward ground level the cable is released from the deformed post in a manner such that the cable tends to stay in contact with the impacting object.
An example of the cable barrier system includes a cable-release anchor assembly; a length of need section having a plurality of line post spaced from each other, each of the line posts having an internal cavity and a slot formed along a sidewall extending downward from a top end of the post; a cable having a terminal end that is releasably held in tension by the cable-release anchor assembly; and the cable releasably connected to each line post by a post-cable connector, the post-cable connector having an elongated portion forming a loop, the elongated portion disposed substantially within the cavity and the loop extending through the slot exterior of the cavity, the cable slidingly disposed in the loop, wherein when an object impacts and deforms one of the posts toward ground level the cable is released from the deformed post in a manner such that the cable tends to stay in contact with the impacting object.
Another example of a cable barrier system includes a cable release anchor assembly having a cable mounting plate fixedly position proximate the ground level, the plate having a post and a bracket defining a landing area, and a leveraging member disposed on the landing area; a length of need section having a line post, the line post having an internal cavity and a slot formed along a sidewall extending downward from its top end; a post-cable connector having an elongated portion forming a loop and a top section angled away from the elongated portion, the top section hung on top of the post; a cable having a terminal end, the cable connected to the bracket with the terminal end extending over the base of the leveraging member and held in tension by the cable-release anchor assembly proximate the terminal end and the cable sliding disposed through the loop; and a member positioned with the internal cavity of the post and releasably connected to the post-cable connector substantially positioning the elongated section substantially within the internal cavity and the loop exterior of the cavity such that when the post is urged toward the ground level the cable is released from the post.
The foregoing has outlined some of the features and technical advantages of the present invention in order that the detailed description of the invention that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be described hereinafter which form the subject of the claims of the invention.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The foregoing and other features and aspects of the present invention will be best understood with reference to the following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the invention, when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic of a section of an embodiment of a cable barrier system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the cable-release anchor assembly and the first terminal post of FIG. 1 in isolation;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a portion of an embodiment of a cable barrier system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a portion of an embodiment of the cable-release anchor assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a portion of an embodiment of the cable-release anchor assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of an embodiment of a cable-release anchor leveraging member of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a side view of the cable-release anchor leveraging member along section line I-I of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a top view of an embodiment of a cable-release anchor assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side view of the cable-release anchor assembly along the section line II-II of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is an illustration of an embodiment of a terminal end fitting of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a side view of an embodiment of a weak terminal post of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side view of an embodiment of a standard terminal post of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a top view of an embodiment of a line post;
FIG. 14 is a side view of an embodiment of a line post and a hairpin cable connector of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a view of an embodiment of a face of the line post to which cables are removably connected illustrating a lock plate;
FIG. 16 is a schematic of an embodiment of a cable-release anchor assembly for a barrier system of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a top view of the cable-release anchor assembly of FIG. 16; and
FIG. 18 is a view of a cable splice fitting of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Refer now to the drawings wherein depicted elements are not necessarily shown to scale and wherein like or similar elements are designated by the same reference numeral through the several views.
FIG. 1 is a schematic of a section of an embodiment of a cable barrier system of the present invention, generally identified by the numeral 10. Cable barrier system 10 includes cables 12 held in tension from a terminal end 14 through a length of need 16. Cable barrier system 10 may include additional terminal ends 14 and intermediate terminal ends (not shown). System 10 is illustrated and described herein for exemplary purposes as a three-cable, highway median safety barrier, or cable guardrail. However, it should be realized that the various systems, assemblies, members and concepts described herein may be utilized in various installations and configurations for varying purposes. It should further be understood that various components of the present invention may be utilized with various types and designs of barrier systems including, but not limited to, cable barrier systems, W-beam guardrail systems, crash cushions and attenuators.
Terminal end 14 includes a cable-release anchor assembly 17 having a leveraging member 18, one or more weak terminal posts 20, and one or more standard terminal posts 22. The terminal ends of cables 12 are removably mounted to cable-release anchor assembly 17 substantially at ground level 28 and removably connected to terminal posts 20, 22 and line posts 24 of length of need (LON) section 16. Cables 12 are angled upward relative to ground level 28 through a portion of terminal end section 14 until the desired distance above ground level 26 is obtained. Terminal end 14 is a gated terminal wherein substantially no resistance is provided upon impact by an errant vehicle.
Length of need section 16 includes a plurality of spaced line posts 24. Cables 12 are removably connected to line posts 24 in tension. Length of need 16 may be any desired length. System 10 may include cable splice fittings 30 (FIG. 18) for extending and repairing cables 12. Additionally, cable splice fittings 30 may be utilized to maintain tension in cables 12.
Refer now to FIG. 18, wherein an embodiment of a cable splice fitting 30 is shown. Cable splice fitting 30 includes a pair of elongated rods 70a and 70b connected by a turnbuckle 72. A first connector 74 is connected to elongated rod 70a and adapted to connecting to an end 11 of a cable 12. A second connector 76 is connected to elongated rod 70b and adapted to connecting to an end 13 of another cable 12. Cable splice fitting 30 facilitates forming and maintaining a spliced, elongated cable 12 in tension.
Referring back to FIG. 1, as is well known in the art, cables 12 are releasably connected to terminal posts 20, 22 and line posts 24 in a manner such that when an individual post fails and is moved toward the ground, cables 12 are released from that post. For example, if a vehicle impacts cable barrier system 10 in length of need section 16 and collapses one post 24 toward the ground, cables 12 are released from that post 24 so that cables 12 remain in contact with the vehicle and do not go under the vehicle. The cables remain supported by the remaining portions of system, urging the vehicle back to its designated and desired path.
FIG. 2 is a top view of cable-release anchor assembly 17 and the first terminal post 20 of terminal end 14, shown in isolation. Terminal ends 26 of cables 12 are removably connected at cable-release anchor assembly 17. As described in further detail below, cable-release assembly 17 may take various designs such that cables 12 are released from tension when cable-release leveraging member 18 is struck by an errant vehicle thereby preventing the vehicle from riding up cables 12. Various embodiments of cable-release anchor assembly 17 include, but are not limited to, an assembly as shown in FIGS. 4 through 9, and/or frangible pins.
As shown in FIG. 2, cables 12 are removably connected to a cable mounting plate 34. Desirably top cable 12a, relative to ground level 28, is removably connected in a center position on mounting plate 34. Cable mounting plate 34 is fixedly secured to the pad 36 of cable-release anchor assembly 17. As described further below, pad 36 may take various forms including, but not limited to, being a metal support member. Leveraging member 18 is mounted atop mounting plate 34 with a portion positioned under terminal ends 26 of cables 12. Leveraging member 18 is not secured to mounting plate 34; as such it is dislodged upon being impacted by a vehicle. In one embodiment of the present invention, when leveraging member post 18 is struck and dislodged, it leverages, or releases, cables 12 from cable-release anchor assembly 17. In the illustrated embodiment, leveraging member 18 is an elongated member such as, but not limited to, a post. Leveraging member 18 is referred to herein broadly, and without limitation, as a post or anchor element, capable of leveraging cable(s) 12 out of connection with anchor plate 34.
FIG. 3 is a top view of a portion of an embodiment of cable barrier system 10 of the present invention. System 10 illustrates one manner of mounting barrier system 10 for absorbing the impact from errant vehicles and redirecting the errant vehicles from two directions, such as for highway medians. Arrows 38 illustrate the direction of travel of vehicles impacting system 10. Posts 20, 22, and 24 each have a face 20a, 22a, and 24a respectively, adapted for removably mounting cables 12. Post faces 20a, 22a, and 24a are desirably oriented to face oncoming vehicles such that cables 12 are positioned between posts 20, 22, and 24 and the direction of vehicle travel 38. For applications wherein it is probable that vehicles may impact from either direction, posts 20, 22, and 24 may be installed such that at least a portion of post faces 20a, 22a, and 24a are oriented toward oncoming traffic. In the illustrated embodiment, posts 20, 22, and 24 are installed with each post face oriented opposite the orientation of the adjacent post faces.
FIG. 4 is a top view of a portion of an embodiment of cable-release anchor assembly 17 of the present invention. Cable-release assembly 17 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 with cable anchor release post 18 (FIGS. 1, and 6 through 9) removed.
Cable-release anchor assembly 17 includes a mounting plate 34. Mounting plate 34 includes a bracket 40 having a plurality of slots 42 each adapted to dispose a cable 12. In the illustrated embodiment slots 42 have an open top. It should be recognized that in other embodiments that the tops of slots 42 may not be open. Cables 12 are mounted in slots 42 with a terminal end fitting 50, illustrated in this embodiment as a nut 52 connected to threaded terminal end 26 of cable 12.
A rib 44 may be positioned between adjacent slots 42. An optional pin 46 is shown extending through bracket 40. Pin 46 is positioned above cables 12 and substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of cables 12. Pin 46 provides stability: aiding in maintaining cables 12 in slots when tensioning cables 12; maintaining cables 12 in cable-release assembly 17 when cables 12 are impacted further down the length of system 10; maintaining cables 12 in connection with assembly 17 during weather related changes in cables 12; and reducing vibrations in cables 12.
A post stop 48 extends from the same side of mounting plate 34 as bracket 40. Post stop 48 is spaced from bracket 40 to define a leveraging member landing 54 (post landing). Anchor post landing 54 extends under terminal ends 26 of cables 12.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a portion of an embodiment of cable-release anchor assembly 17 of the present invention. Mounting plate 34 is fixedly connected atop pad 36. With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, pad 36 may be a metal post and connected by welding. Pad 36 may be constructed in various manners as desired and pad 36 and mounting plate 34 connected in a sufficient and appropriate manner. For example, pad 36 may be a concrete pad wherein mounting plate or anchor plate 34 is connected via concrete bolts.
FIG. 5 illustrates rib 44 having a rib face 56 oriented toward post landing 54. Desirably, rib face 56 is non-perpendicular and has an inclined slope away from landing 54. Rib face 56 is sloped to mate with leveraging member 18 as described in relation to FIGS. 6 through 9.
FIG. 6 is a top view of an embodiment of a cable-release leveraging post 18 of the present invention. Leveraging member 18 of the present embodiment is a high strength steel member having a pair of legs 58 mounted atop feet 61 of a substantially C-shaped base 60. Base 60 includes a toe 62 formed between feet 58. Toe 62 is sloped to correspond with rib face 56 (FIG. 5). FIG. 7 is a side view of cable-release leveraging post 18 along section line I-I of FIG. 6 revealing toe 62.
FIG. 8 is a top view of an embodiment of a cable-release anchor assembly 17 of the present invention. Leveraging post 18 is disposed atop mounting plate 34 on post landing 54. Base 60 is disposed between post stop 48 and bracket 40 with feet 61 bracketing cable bracket 40. Cables 12 are disposed in slots 42, and terminal end fitting 50 is operated, tensioning cables 12 against bracket 40.
FIG. 9 is a side view of cable-release anchor assembly 17 along the section line II-II of FIG. 8. Base 60 of leveraging post 18 is shown disposed between post stop 48 and bracket 34. Toe 62 is abutting rib face 56. Terminal end 26 of cable 12, or terminal end fitting 50, extends above base 60 of post 18. In operation, when a vehicle impacts post 18, base 60 is dislodged from its position between post stop 48 and bracket 40. As post 18 is dislodged, base 60 leverages cables 12 from slots 42 and bracket 40 thus releasing the tension in cables 12.
FIG. 10 is an illustration of an embodiment of a terminal end fitting 50 of the present invention. Terminal end fitting 50 includes an elongated shaft 64 connected to cable 12 via a turnbuckle 66. The distal end of elongated shaft 64 becoming terminal end 26 of cable 12. Turnbuckle 66 provides a mechanism for tensioning cable 12. Portions 68 may be provided for positioning, for example, a wrench to rotate shaft 64 relative to turn buckle 66.
FIG. 11 is a side view of an embodiment of a weak terminal post 20 of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a side view of an embodiment of a standard terminal post 22. Posts 20, 22 may be driven in the ground, socketed or supported in any desired manner.
Desirably, weak terminal post 18 includes a hole formed through one or more of its sides proximate ground level 28. FIG. 11 illustrates a hole 78 formed through side 20b. 
As previously described, cables 12 are removably mounted to terminal posts 20, 22 and line posts 24. In the prior art systems, the cables are often connected to the posts (both terminal and line posts) by hook bolts, of various configurations, that substantially enclose the cable. Desirably, these hook bolts expand when needed to release the cable. However, in practice these hook bolts often fail, compromising the barrier system.
With reference to FIGS. 11 and 12, cables 12 are connected to terminal posts 20, 22 by first cable connectors 80. In an embodiment of the present invention, first cable connectors 80 are “J-bolts” having a substantially elongated longitudinal rod 82 and a riser 84. Riser 84 extends substantially at a right angle to longitudinal rod 82. With reference to FIG. 11, first cable connector 80 is described for both terminal posts 20 and 22. First cable connector 80 is connected to post 20 such that riser 84 extends outward from a post face 20a and vertically relative to ground surface 28 such that a trough 86 is formed for disposing cable 12. Although cables 12 are shown connected to a single side or face of posts 20, 22, and 24 through the various Figures, it should be realized that for each individual post, cables 12 may be mounted on opposing sides of the post.
First cable connector 80 may be connected to post 18 by threading a nut 52 to rod 82 or other suitable means of connection including, but not limited to, welding. A benefit of the present system is that first cable connectors 80 can be connected to post 20 easier and quicker than in the typical prior art systems. A further benefit is that cables 12 may be released from first connectors 80 without deforming the first cable connectors. Thus, one first cable connector does not interfere with the clean release of other post cables as may occur in the prior art systems.
With reference to FIG. 13, line post 24 is a C-section post. Post 24 is rectangular, and may be a square, having opposing side walls 24b and 24d defining the depth D, and a post face wall 24a and opposing back wall 24c defining the width W of post 24. Post face 24a forms a longitudinal slot 90 extending at least a portion of the length of post 24. A cavity 92, having an open top 94, is defined by walls 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d. Post 24 of the present invention may take other shapes including circular.
Post 24 is substantially the same strength of typical line posts that do not have a slotted section and are stronger than prior art posts split through opposing side walls. For example, line post 24 is a galvanized steel post having a width W of 2.5 inches, a depth D of 3.75 inches and a 0.5 inch slot. Post 24 weighs 5.4 pounds per foot and has a 75,600 pound bend moment.
FIG. 14 is a side view of an embodiment of a line post 24 and a second or line cable connector 88 of the present invention. Line cable connector 88 is a hairpin shaped connector adapted for removably connecting cables 12 to post 24. Hairpin connector 88 includes an elongated section 96 forming loops 98, each loop adapted to slidingly hold a cable 12. A top section 100 extends at an angle from longitudinal section 96 and terminates with a hooked end 102. Top section 100 is angled such as to depart from parallel with longitudinal section. The angle between top section 100 and longitudinal section 96 is determined by the distance it is desired to position the top cable 12a from the top end 25 of post 24 and/or ground level 28. For example, hairpin connector 88 may be formed of a twenty-four inch long round galvanized steel rod. Loops 98a, 98b, 98c are spaced five inches apart. Top loop 98a is positioned approximately three inches from top end 25 of post 24.
Hooked end 102 is angled downward from top end 100 toward ground level 28. Hook end 102 may be substantially parallel to longitudinal section 96. Hook end 102 is adapted for mounting on the top end 25 of post 24.
In operation cables 12 may be easily inserted into loops 98 through ports 104. Hairpin connector 88 may then be grasped at top section 100 and removably connected to post 24. Hairpin connector 88 is positioned with longitudinal section 96 disposed within cavity 92 and loops 98 extending through slot 90. Cables 12 are disposed proximate face wall 24a exterior of cavity 92. Top section 100 extends through open top 94 and hook end 102 extends over back wall 24c. When post 24 is bent toward ground level 28, hairpin connector exits cavity 92 releasing cables 12 from connection with post 24.
FIG. 15 is another view of an embodiment of line post 24 of the present invention. Shown adjacent to post 24 is an optional connection lock plate 106. Lock plate 106 is shown in connection with hairpin connector 88 and post 24 by hidden lines in FIGS. 14 and 15. Lock plate 106 is configured to connect with hairpin 88 and be positioned in cavity 92 abutting the interior of face wall 24a. Lock plate 106 facilitates the release of one cable 12 at a time from post 24. For example, when post 24 is deformed toward ground level 28 hairpin connector 88 begins to exit cavity 94, top cable 12a is released from connection with post 24. If deformation of post 24 ceases, cables 12b and 12c may remain in connection with post 24 maintaining the integrity of the barrier system. If deformation of post 24 continues, cables 12b and 12c will be subsequently released.
Lock plate 106 illustrated in FIG. 15 is an embodiment for a three-cable system. Lock plate 106 is a substantially flat member having spaced keyways 108 and 110. First keyway 108 is adapted for disposing the middle loop 98b and second keyway 110 is adapted to dispose the bottom loop 98c. 
FIG. 16 is a schematic of an embodiment of a cable-release anchor assembly 17 of the present for a barrier system. Cable-release anchor assembly 17 is illustrated releasably holding a single cable 12 in this embodiment. Barrier system 112 of the present invention may be a cable barrier system such as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Other examples of barrier system 112 include, but are not limited to, guardrails, guardrail end treatments, and guardrail end terminals.
FIG. 17 is a top view of cable-release anchor assembly 17 of FIG. 16. The Figure illustrates a single cable 12 releasably connected to cable mounting plate 34. With reference to FIGS. 16 and 17, post 18 of FIGS. 1 and 2 has been replaced by a post element 118. Post member 118 is defined broadly as a member for releasing cable 12 from anchor plate 34. Post member 118 may include, but is not limited to, elongated post members and terminal heads. As illustrated post member 118 has a base member positioned below terminal end 26 of cable 12 in a manner to leverage cable 12 from anchor plate 34 when impacted.
From the foregoing detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention, it should be apparent that safety systems, assemblies, and methods that are novel have been disclosed. Although specific embodiments of the invention have been disclosed herein in some detail, this has been done solely for the purposes of describing various features and aspects of the invention, and is not intended to be limiting with respect to the scope of the invention. It is contemplated that various substitutions, alterations, and/or modifications, including but not limited to those implementation variations which may have been suggested herein, may be made to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims which follow.

## Claims

1. A cable barrier system, the system comprising:
a cable release anchor assembly having a cable mounting plate fixedly positioned proximate the ground level, the plate having a post stop and a bracket defining a landing area, and a leveraging member disposed on the landing area;
a length of need section having a line post, the line post having an internal cavity and a slot formed along a sidewall extending downward from its top end;
a post-cable connector having an elongated portion forming a loop and a top section angled away from the elongated portion, the top section hung on top of the line post;
a cable having a terminal end, the cable connected to the bracket with the terminal end extending over the base of the leveraging member and held in tension by the cable-release anchor assembly proximate the terminal end and the cable slidingly disposed through the loop; and
a member positioned within the internal cavity of the line post and releasably connected to the post-cable connector substantially positioning the elongated section substantially within the internal cavity and the loop exterior of the cavity such that when the line post is urged toward the ground level the cable is released from the line post.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the leveraging member is not secured to the cable mounting plate.