⁄aoaÆø¥ Œa1·­ ̈aÆ Ò ±¥Ú ÍËÙ “±Ú ÔðÍ ÒÃ ́a­oøßÙ ÷ ́2a ÌÙ ÓððÌÒ Œ ́¥a­ ø2o Œa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2­ ÌÌððÎ

o±Æ  ̈ ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈a  ̈±  ́­a TM±¥ ́2 ̈øÆß 1⁄2±2­a2­ ́­ 

­ ̈ø2oøÆo­  ̄ ›Õ ̃Ù ¤–fl  ̧ø­ 2± ø ́ ̈ ̧±Æ· ̈ß 

 ̈± o·­ø°°Æ±TMa ø Õ×– ­ ́æ3·­­·±2 o±Æ 

oø·¥ ́Æa  ̈±  ́­a ›ÕÚ × ̈ ©± ́¥o  ̈ ̧ ́­ æa 

·21⁄2±2­·­ ̈a2 ̈ ©· ̈ ̧ ø°°¥·1⁄2øæ¥a ¥ø© o±Æ 

¤–flÙ © ̧a2 · ̈ ÆaTM·a©­ ø Õ×– ­ ́æ3·­­·±2Ù 

 ̈±  ́­a ›Õ ·2 °¥ø1⁄2a ±o ø Õ×– ­ ́æ3·­­·±2 

 ̈ ̧ø ̈ ± ̈ ̧aÆ©·­a ­ø ̈·­o·a­  ̈ ̧a °Æ±TM·­·±2­ ±o 

 ̈ ̧a ›¥aø2 fl·Æ fl1⁄2 ̈Ú Ã ̧ ́­Ù  ̈ ̧a 

ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­ ±o ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÔÓ ̄o ̃ ±o  ̈ ̧a 

“ø ̈·±2ø¥ Ãa1⁄2 ̧2±¥±1ß ÃÆø2­oaÆ ø2o 

floTMø21⁄2a3a2 ̈ fl1⁄2 ̈ ±o ÔÁÁÎ  ̄ÔÎ ÀÚÕÚ›Ú 

ÓÈÓ 2± ̈a ̃ o± 2± ̈ ø°°¥ßÚ Ã ̧·­ Æ ́¥a o±a­ 

2± ̈ ·3°±­a ø2 ·2o±Æ3ø ̈·±2 1⁄2±¥¥a1⁄2 ̈·±2 

æ ́Æoa2  ́2oaÆ  ̈ ̧a °Æ±TM·­·±2­ ±o  ̈ ̧a 

–ø°aÆ©±Æμ Œao ́1⁄2 ̈·±2 fl1⁄2 ̈ ±o ÔÁÁÎ  ̄ÏÏ 

ÀÚÕÚ›Ú ÌÎðÔ a ̈ ­aØÚ ̃Ú 

fiÚ Õ ́æ3·­­·±2  ̈± ›±21Æa­­ ø2o  ̈ ̧a 

›±3° ̈Æ±¥¥aÆ Ÿa2aÆø¥ 

Ã ̧a ›±21Æa­­·±2ø¥ ŒaTM·a© fl1⁄2 ̈Ù Î 

ÀÚÕÚ›Ú ËðÔ a ̈ ­aØÚÙ ø­ øooao æß  ̈ ̧a Õ3ø¥¥ 

fi ́­·2a­­ Œa1 ́¥ø ̈±Æß ¤2o±Æ1⁄2a3a2 ̈ 

⁄ø·Æ2a­­ fl1⁄2 ̈ ±o ÔÁÁÍÙ 1a2aÆø¥¥ß °Æ±TM·oa­ 

 ̈ ̧ø ̈ æao±Æa ø Æ ́¥a 3øß  ̈øμa aooa1⁄2 ̈Ù  ̈ ̧a 

ø1a21⁄2ß °Æ±3 ́¥1ø ̈·21  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a 3 ́­ ̈ 

­ ́æ3· ̈ ø Æ ́¥a Æa°±Æ ̈Ù © ̧·1⁄2 ̧ ·21⁄2¥ ́oa­ ø 

1⁄2±°ß ±o  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥aÙ  ̈± aø1⁄2 ̧ ÿ± ́­a ±o  ̈ ̧a 

›±21Æa­­ ø2o  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ›±3° ̈Æ±¥¥aÆ Ÿa2aÆø¥ 

±o  ̈ ̧a À2· ̈ao Õ ̈ø ̈a­Ú ¤–fl ©·¥¥ ­ ́æ3· ̈ ø 

Æa°±Æ ̈ 1⁄2±2 ̈ø·2·21  ̈ ̧·­ Æ ́¥a ø2o ± ̈ ̧aÆ 

ÆaØ ́·Æao ·2o±Æ3ø ̈·±2  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ÀÚÕÚ Õa2ø ̈aÙ 

 ̈ ̧a ÀÚÕÚ ÿ± ́­a ±o Œa°Æa­a2 ̈ø ̈·TMa­Ù ø2o 

 ̈ ̧a ›±3° ̈Æ±¥¥aÆ Ÿa2aÆø¥ ±o  ̈ ̧a À2· ̈ao 

Õ ̈ø ̈a­ °Æ·±Æ  ̈± ° ́æ¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 ±o  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a ·2 

 ̈ ̧a ⁄aoaÆø¥ Œa1·­ ̈aÆÚ Ã ̧·­ Æ ́¥a ·­ 2± ̈ ø 

LL3ø¶±Æ Æ ́¥aKK ø­ oao·2ao æß Î ÀÚÕÚ›Ú 

ËðÏ ̄Ó ̃Ú

›Ú –a ̈· ̈·±2­ o±Æ ÷ ́o·1⁄2·ø¥ ŒaTM·a© 

À2oaÆ ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÌðÈ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ô ̃ ±o  ̈ ̧a ›¥aø2 

fl·Æ fl1⁄2 ̈Ù °a ̈· ̈·±2­ o±Æ ¶ ́o·1⁄2·ø¥ ÆaTM·a© ±o 

 ̈ ̧·­ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 3 ́­ ̈ æa o·¥ao ·2  ̈ ̧a À2· ̈ao 

Õ ̈ø ̈a­ ›± ́Æ ̈ ±o fl°°aø¥­ o±Æ  ̈ ̧a 

ø°°Æ±°Æ·ø ̈a 1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́· ̈ æß fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÏÙ ÓððÌÚ 

⁄·¥·21 ø °a ̈· ̈·±2 o±Æ Æa1⁄2±2­·oaÆø ̈·±2 æß 

 ̈ ̧a flo3·2·­ ̈Æø ̈±Æ ±o  ̈ ̧·­ o·2ø¥ Æ ́¥a o±a­ 

2± ̈ øooa1⁄2 ̈  ̈ ̧a o·2ø¥· ̈ß ±o  ̈ ̧·­ Æ ́¥a o±Æ  ̈ ̧a 

° ́Æ°±­a­ ±o ¶ ́o·1⁄2·ø¥ ÆaTM·a© 2±Æ o±a­ · ̈ 

a® ̈a2o  ̈ ̧a  ̈·3a ©· ̈ ̧·2 © ̧·1⁄2 ̧ ø °a ̈· ̈·±2 

o±Æ ¶ ́o·1⁄2·ø¥ ÆaTM·a© 3øß æa o·¥aoÙ ø2o 

­ ̧ø¥¥ 2± ̈ °±­ ̈°±2a  ̈ ̧a aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa2a­­ ±o 

­ ́1⁄2 ̧ Æ ́¥a ±Æ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2Ú Ã ̧·­ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2Ù  ̈± 

°ÆaTMa2 ̈ ø2o 1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥ ø·Æ °±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 oÆ±3 

 ̈ ̧a a3·­­·±2 ±o ­ ́¥o ́Æ ±®·oa­ ·2 ...a­ ̈ 

 ·Æ1·2·øÙ 3øß 2± ̈ æa 1⁄2 ̧ø¥¥a21ao ¥ø ̈aÆ ·2 

°Æ±1⁄2aao·21­  ̈± a2o±Æ1⁄2a · ̈­ ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­Ú 

 ̄Õaa ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÌðÈ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ó ̃Ú ̃

‘·­ ̈ ±o Õ ́æ¶a1⁄2 ̈­ ·2 Ïð ›⁄Œ –øÆ ̈ ÎÓ 

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ °Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2Ù fl·Æ 

°±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥Ù ×21⁄2±Æ°±Æø ̈·±2 æß 

ÆaoaÆa21⁄2aÙ ×2 ̈aÆ1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ø¥ Æa¥ø ̈·±2­Ù 

Œa°±Æ ̈·21 ø2o Æa1⁄2±Æoμaa°·21 

ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­Ù Õ ́¥o ́Æ ±®·oa­Ú

‹ø ̈aoÊ ”øß ËÙ ÓððÌÚ 

÷ø3a­ ...Ú “a©­±3Ù 

fl1⁄2 ̈·21 Œa1·±2ø¥ flo3·2·­ ̈Æø ̈±ÆÙ Œa1·±2 ×××Ú

Ïð ›⁄Œ °øÆ ̈ ÎÓ ·­ ø3a2oao ø­ o±¥¥±©­Ê

–flŒÃ ÎÓâÅfl”¤“‹¤‹Ã

ÔÚ Ã ̧a ø ́ ̈ ̧±Æ· ̈ß 1⁄2· ̈ø ̈·±2 o±Æ °øÆ ̈ ÎÓ 

1⁄2±2 ̈·2 ́a­  ̈± Æaøo ø­ o±¥¥±©­Ê

fl ́ ̈ ̧±Æ· ̈ßÊ ÏÓ ÀÚÕÚ›Ú ÈÏðÔ a ̈ ­aØÚ

Õ ́æ°øÆ ̈ »»â...a­ ̈ ·Æ1·2·ø

ÓÚ Õa1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÎÓÚÓÎÓð ·­ ø3a2oao æß 

øoo·21 °øÆø1Æø° ̧  ̄1⁄2 ̃ ̄ÎÌ ̃  ̈± Æaøo øo±¥¥±©­Ê

y ÎÓÚÓÎÓð ×oa2 ̈·o·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 ±o °¥ø2Ú

ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ

 ̄1⁄2 ̃ ˆ ˆ ˆ 

 ̄ÎÌ ̃ ŒaTM·­·±2­  ̈± ...a­ ̈ ·Æ1·2·øKŒa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2­  ̈± °ÆaTMa2 ̈ ø2o 1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥ ø·Æ 

°±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 oÆ±3  ̈ ̧a a3·­­·±2 ±o ­ ́¥o ́Æ 

±®·oa­Ù ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao ±2 Õa° ̈a3æaÆ ÓÔÙ 

Óððð æß  ̈ ̧a ...a­ ̈ ·Æ1·2·ø ‹·TM·­·±2 ±o 

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2Ê 

 ̄· ̃ ×21⁄2±Æ°±Æø ̈·±2 æß ÆaoaÆa21⁄2aÚ 

 ̄fl ̃ ‘a ̈ ̈aÆ ±o Õa° ̈a3æaÆ ÓÔÙ Óððð oÆ±3 

 ̈ ̧a ...a­ ̈ ·Æ1·2·ø ‹·TM·­·±2 ±o 

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2  ̈± ¤–fl 

 ̈Æø2­3· ̈ ̈·21  ̈ ̧a Æa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2  ̈± °ÆaTMa2 ̈ 

ø2o 1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥ ø·Æ °±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 oÆ±3  ̈ ̧a 

a3·­­·±2 ±o ­ ́¥o ́Æ ±®·oa­Ú 

 ̄fi ̃ ŒaTM·­·±2­  ̈± Ã· ̈¥a ÏÎÙ ÕaÆ·a­ ÔðÙ 

ÏÎ›ÕŒÔðÙ Ã± –ÆaTMa2 ̈ ø2o ›±2 ̈Æ±¥ fl·Æ 

–±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 oÆ±3  ̈ ̧a ¤3·­­·±2 ±o Õ ́¥o ́Æ 

—®·oa­Ù aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÌÔÙ ÓðððÚ 

 ̄·· ̃ floo· ̈·±2ø¥ ”ø ̈aÆ·ø¥Ú 

 ̄fl ̃ ‘a ̈ ̈aÆ ±o fl°Æ·¥ ÓÁÙ ÔÁÁÍ oÆ±3  ̈ ̧a 

...a­ ̈ ·Æ1·2·ø ‹·TM·­·±2 ±o 

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2  ̈± ¤–fl 

 ̈Æø2­3· ̈ ̈·21  ̈ ̧a Æa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2  ̈± °ÆaTMa2 ̈ 

ø2o 1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥ ø·Æ °±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 oÆ±3  ̈ ̧a 

a3·­­·±2 ±o ­ ́¥o ́Æ ±®·oa­Ú 

 ̄fi ̃ ‘a ̈ ̈aÆ ±o ”øÆ1⁄2 ̧ ÔÁÙ ÓððÌ oÆ±3  ̈ ̧a 

...a­ ̈ ·Æ1·2·ø ‹a°øÆ ̈3a2 ̈ ±o 

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2  ̈± ¤–fl 

°Æ±TM·o·21 1⁄2¥øÆ·o·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 ±2  ̈ ̧a 

·2 ̈aÆ°Æa ̈ø ̈·±2 ø2o ·3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 ±o 

1⁄2aÆ ̈ø·2 Æa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2­ ±2 ø·Æ °±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 

1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥Ú 

 ̄› ̃ Œa3ø·2oaÆ ±o  ̈ ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈a ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥ 

°aÆ ̈ø·2·21  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ÆaTM·­·±2­ ¥·­ ̈ao ·2 

°øÆø1Æø° ̧  ̄1⁄2 ̃ ̄ÎÌ ̃ ̄· ̃ ±o  ̈ ̧·­ ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2Ú

Å⁄Œ ‹±1⁄2Ú ðÌPÔÌÈðÓ ⁄·¥ao ÍPÓPðÌÂ ËÊÏÎ ø3Ã 

fi×‘‘×“Ÿ ›—‹¤ ÍÎÍðäÎðä–

¤“ ×Œ—“”¤“Ãfl‘ –Œ—Ã¤›Ã×—“ 

flŸ¤“›«

Ïð ›⁄Œ –øÆ ̈ ÎÓ 

Å›fl ÓÍÈäðÌÁÏøÂ ⁄Œ‘äÈÏÁÎäÏÃ

ŒaTM·­·±2­  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ›ø¥·o±Æ2·ø Õ ̈ø ̈a 

×3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 –¥ø2Ù Õø2 ÷±øØ ́·2 

 ø¥¥aß À2·o·ao fl·Æ –±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 ›±2 ̈Æ±¥ 

‹·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈ ø2o Õ± ́ ̈ ̧ ›±ø­ ̈ fl·Æ œ ́ø¥· ̈ß 

”ø2ø1a3a2 ̈ ‹·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈

flŸ¤“›«Ê ¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2 

fl1a21⁄2ß  ̄¤–fl ̃Ú

fl›Ã×—“Ê ‹·Æa1⁄2 ̈ o·2ø¥ Æ ́¥aÚ

ÕÀ””flŒ«Ê ¤–fl ·­  ̈øμ·21 o·Æa1⁄2 ̈ o·2ø¥ 

ø1⁄2 ̈·±2  ̈± ø°°Æ±TMa ÆaTM·­·±2­  ̈±  ̈ ̧a Õø2 

÷±øØ ́·2 ø¥¥aß À2·o·ao fl·Æ –±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 

›±2 ̈Æ±¥ ‹·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈  ̄Õ÷ Àfl–›‹ ̃ ø2o Õ± ́ ̈ ̧ 

›±ø­ ̈ fl·Æ œ ́ø¥· ̈ß ”ø2ø1a3a2 ̈ ‹·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈ 

 ̄Õ›flœ”‹ ̃ °±Æ ̈·±2­ ±o  ̈ ̧a ›ø¥·o±Æ2·ø 

Õ ̈ø ̈a ×3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 –¥ø2  ̄Õ×– ̃Ú Ã ̧a­a 

ÆaTM·­·±2­ 1⁄2±21⁄2aÆ2 TM±¥ø ̈·¥a ±Æ1ø2·1⁄2 

1⁄2±3°± ́2o  ̄ —› ̃ ø2o °øÆ ̈·1⁄2 ́¥ø ̈a 3ø ̈ ̈aÆ 

 ̄–”PÔð ̃ a3·­­·±2­ oÆ±3 1⁄2±33aÆ1⁄2·ø¥ 

1⁄2 ̧øÆæÆ±·¥·21 ø2o —› a3·­­·±2­ oÆ±3 

­±¥TMa2 ̈ 1⁄2¥aø2·21Ú ...a øÆa ø°°Æ±TM·21 ¥±1⁄2ø¥ 

Æ ́¥a­  ̈ ̧ø ̈ Æa1 ́¥ø ̈a  ̈ ̧a­a a3·­­·±2 

­± ́Æ1⁄2a­  ́2oaÆ  ̈ ̧a ›¥aø2 fl·Æ fl1⁄2 ̈ øø3a2oao ·2 ÔÁÁð  ̄›flfl ±Æ  ̈ ̧a fl1⁄2 ̈ ̃Ú

‹flÃ¤ÕÊ Ã ̧·­ Æ ́¥a ·­ aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa ±2 fl ́1 ́­ ̈ 

ÏÙ ÓððÌ ©· ̈ ̧± ́ ̈ o ́Æ ̈ ̧aÆ 2± ̈·1⁄2aÙ  ́2¥a­­ 

¤–fl Æa1⁄2a·TMa­ øoTMaÆ­a 1⁄2±33a2 ̈­ æß ÷ ́¥ß 

ÌÙ ÓððÌÚ ×o ©a Æa1⁄2a·TMa ­ ́1⁄2 ̧ 1⁄2±33a2 ̈Ù ©a 

©·¥¥ ° ́æ¥·­ ̧ ø  ̈·3a¥ß ©· ̈ ̧oÆø©ø¥ ·2  ̈ ̧a 

⁄aoaÆø¥ Œa1·­ ̈aÆ  ̈± 2± ̈·oß  ̈ ̧a ° ́æ¥·1⁄2 

 ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧·­ Æ ́¥a ©·¥¥ 2± ̈  ̈øμa aooa1⁄2 ̈Ú

fl‹‹Œ¤ÕÕ¤ÕÊ ”ø·¥ 1⁄2±33a2 ̈­  ̈± fl2oß 

Õ ̈a1⁄2μa¥Ù Œ ́¥a3øμ·21 —oo·1⁄2a › ̧·ao  ̄fl×ŒP

Ï ̃Ù ÀÚÕÚ ¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2 

fl1a21⁄2ßÙ Œa1·±2 ×»Ù ÈÎ ÿø© ̈ ̧±Æ2a 

Õ ̈Æaa ̈Ù Õø2 ⁄Æø21⁄2·­1⁄2±Ù ›fl ÁÏÔðÎÂ 

­ ̈a1⁄2μa¥Úø2oÆa©‡a°øÚ1±TMÚ

«± ́ 1⁄2ø2 ·2­°a1⁄2 ̈ 1⁄2±°·a­ ±o  ̈ ̧a 

­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao Õ×– ÆaTM·­·±2­ ø2o ¤–flK­ 

 ̈a1⁄2 ̧2·1⁄2ø¥ ­ ́°°±Æ ̈ o±1⁄2 ́3a2 ̈­  ̄ÃÕ‹­ ̃ ø ̈ 

± ́Æ Œa1·±2 ×» ±oo·1⁄2a o ́Æ·21 2±Æ3ø¥ 

æ ́­·2a­­  ̧± ́Æ­Ú «± ́ 3øß ø¥­± ­aa 1⁄2±°·a­ 

±o  ̈ ̧a ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao Õ×– ÆaTM·­·±2­ ø ̈  ̈ ̧a 

o±¥¥±©·21 ¥±1⁄2ø ̈·±2­Ê

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2 fl1a21⁄2ßÙ fl·Æ 

‹±1⁄2μa ̈  ̄ÍÔðÓ ̃Ù flÆ·a¥ Œ·±­ fi ́·¥o·21Ù 

ÔÓðð –a22­ß¥TMø2·ø flTMa2 ́aÙ “...ÚÙ 

...ø­ ̧·21 ̈±2 ‹› ÓðÏÍðÚ 

›ø¥·o±Æ2·ø fl·Æ Œa­± ́Æ1⁄2a­ fi±øÆoÙ 

Õ ̈ø ̈·±2øÆß Õ± ́Æ1⁄2a ‹·TM·­·±2Ù Œ ́¥a 

¤TMø¥ ́ø ̈·±2 Õa1⁄2 ̈·±2Ù ÔððÔ LL×KK Õ ̈Æaa ̈Ù 

Õø1⁄2Æø3a2 ̈±Ù ›fl ÁÎËÔÏÚ 

Õø2 ÷±øØ ́·2 ø¥¥aß À2·o·ao fl·Æ 

–±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 ›±2 ̈Æ±¥ ‹·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈Ù ÔÁÁð ¤ø­ ̈ 

Ÿa ̈ ̈ß­æ ́Æ1 Õ ̈Æaa ̈Ù ⁄Æa­2±Ù ›fl ÁÌÈÓÍÚ 

Õ± ́ ̈ ̧ ›±ø­ ̈ fl·Æ œ ́ø¥· ̈ß ”ø2ø1a3a2 ̈ 

‹·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈Ù ÓÔËÍÎ ¤ø­ ̈ ›±°¥aß ‹Æ·TMaÙ 

‹·ø3±2o fiøÆÙ ›fl ÁÔÈÍÎÚ

fl 1⁄2±°ß ±o  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a­ 3øß ø¥­± æa 

øTMø·¥øæ¥a TM·ø  ̈ ̧a ×2 ̈aÆ2a ̈ ø ̈  ̧ ̈ ̈°ÊÒÒ

©©©ÚøÆæÚ1⁄2øÚ1±TMÒoÆoæÒoÆoæ¥ ̈® ̈Ú ̧ ̈3Ú

 aÆ‹ø ̈a ÷ø2‰ÌÔ‚ÓððÌ ÔÏÊÔÏ ÷ ́2 ðÓÙ ÓððÌ ÷μ ̈ ÓððððÔ –— ððððð ⁄Æ3 ðððÎÔ ⁄3 ̈ ÏÈðð Õo3 ̈ ÏÈðð ¤Êƒ⁄Œƒ⁄”ƒðÌ÷“ŒÔÚÕŸ” ðÌ÷“ŒÔ
ÌÌððÍ ⁄aoaÆø¥ Œa1·­ ̈aÆ Ò ±¥Ú ÍËÙ “±Ú ÔðÍ ÒÃ ́a­oøßÙ ÷ ́2a ÌÙ ÓððÌÒ Œ ́¥a­ ø2o Œa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2­ 

–¥aø­a æa øoTM·­ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧·­ ·­ 2± ̈ ø2 ¤–fl 

©aæ­· ̈a ø2o 3øß 2± ̈ 1⁄2±2 ̈ø·2  ̈ ̧a ­ø3a 

TMaÆ­·±2 ±o  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ©ø­ ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao 

 ̈± ¤–flÚ

⁄—Œ ⁄ÀŒÃÿ¤Œ ×“⁄—Œ”flÃ×—“ ›—“Ãfl›ÃÊ fl¥ 

–a ̈aÆ­a2Ù ÀÚÕÚ ¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2 

fl1a21⁄2ßÙ Œa1·±2 ×»Ù  ̄ÏÔÎ ̃ ÁÏÈPÏÔÔËÚ

ÕÀ––‘¤”¤“ÃflŒ« ×“⁄—Œ”flÃ×—“Ê

Ã ̧Æ± ́1 ̧± ́ ̈  ̈ ̧·­ o±1⁄2 ́3a2 ̈Ù LL©aÙKK LL ́­KK

ø2o LL± ́ÆKK ÆaoaÆ  ̈± ¤–flÚ

Ãøæ¥a ±o ›±2 ̈a2 ̈­ 

×Ú Ã ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈aK­ Õ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥ 

flÚ ... ̧ø ̈ Æ ́¥a­ o·o  ̈ ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈a ­ ́æ3· ̈· 

fiÚ flÆa  ̈ ̧aÆa ± ̈ ̧aÆ TMaÆ­·±2­ ±o  ̈ ̧a­a Æ ́¥a­· 

›Ú ... ̧ø ̈ ·­  ̈ ̧a ° ́Æ°±­a ±o  ̈ ̧a ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao 

Æ ́¥a­ ±Æ Æ ́¥a ÆaTM·­·±2­· 

××Ú ¤–flK­ ¤TMø¥ ́ø ̈·±2 ø2o fl1⁄2 ̈·±2 

flÚ ÿ±© ·­ ¤–fl aTMø¥ ́ø ̈·21  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a­· 

fiÚ ‹±  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a­ 3aa ̈  ̈ ̧a aTMø¥ ́ø ̈·±2 

1⁄2Æ· ̈aÆ·ø· 

›Ú – ́æ¥·1⁄2 1⁄2±33a2 ̈ ø2o o·2ø¥ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 

×××Ú fiø1⁄2μ1Æ± ́2o ·2o±Æ3ø ̈·±2 

... ̧ß ©aÆa  ̈ ̧a­a Æ ́¥a­ ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao· 

× Ú Õ ̈ø ̈ ́ ̈±Æß ø2o ¤®a1⁄2 ́ ̈·TMa —ÆoaÆ ŒaTM·a©­

×Ú Ã ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈aé­ Õ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥ 

flÚ ... ̧ø ̈ Œ ́¥a­ ‹·o  ̈ ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈a Õ ́æ3· ̈· 

Ãøæ¥a Ô ¥·­ ̈­  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a­ ©a øÆa 

ø°°Æ±TM·21 ©· ̈ ̧  ̈ ̧a oø ̈a­  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧aß ©aÆa 

øo±° ̈ao æß  ̈ ̧a ¥±1⁄2ø¥ ø·Æ ø1a21⁄2·a­ ø2o 

­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao æß  ̈ ̧a ›ø¥·o±Æ2·ø fl·Æ 

Œa­± ́Æ1⁄2a­ fi±øÆo  ̄›flŒfi ̃Ú

Ãflfi‘¤ ÔÚâÕÀfi”×ÃÃ¤‹ ŒÀ‘¤Õ

‘±1⁄2ø¥ ø1a21⁄2ß Œ ́¥a

2 ́3æaÆ Œ ́¥a  ̈· ̈¥a flo±° ̈ao ±Æ ø3a2oao Õ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao 

Õ÷ Àfl–›‹ ÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚ ÏÍÁÓ ›±33aÆ1⁄2·ø¥ › ̧øÆæÆ±·¥·21 ÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚ flo±° ̈ao ÌÒÓÔÒÓ ÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚ ÎÒÓÔÒÓÚ 

Õ›flœ”‹ ÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚ ÔÔÈÔ Õ±¥TMa2 ̈ ›¥aø2·21 —°aÆø ̈·±2­ ÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚ fl3a2oao ËÒÓÒÓ ÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚ ÔÓÒÓÌÒÓÚ 

—2 fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÍÙ ÓððÓ ø2o ‹a1⁄2a3æaÆ ÌðÙ 

ÓððÓÙ Æa­°a1⁄2 ̈·TMa¥ßÙ  ̈ ̧a­a Æ ́¥a ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥­ 

©aÆa o± ́2o  ̈± 3aa ̈  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2±3°¥a ̈a2a­­ 

1⁄2Æ· ̈aÆ·ø ·2 Ïð ›⁄Œ °øÆ ̈ ÎÔ ø°°a2o·® Ù 

© ̧·1⁄2 ̧ 3 ́­ ̈ æa 3a ̈ æao±Æa o±Æ3ø¥ ¤–fl 

ÆaTM·a©Ú 

fiÚ flÆa Ã ̧aÆa — ̈ ̧aÆ aÆ­·±2­ ±o Ã ̧a­a 

Œ ́¥a­·

Ã ̧aÆa øÆa 2± °ÆaTM·± ́­ TMaÆ­·±2­ ±o 

Õ÷ Àfl–›‹ Œ ́¥a ÏÍÁÓ ·2  ̈ ̧a Õ×–Ú ...a 

ø°°Æ±TMao ø TMaÆ­·±2 ±o Õ›flœ”‹ Œ ́¥a 

ÔÔÈÔ ·2 ̈±  ̈ ̧a Õ×– ±2 fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÔÌÙ ÔÁÁÁ 

 ̄ÍÏ ⁄Œ ÏÏÔÌÏ ̃Ú Ã ̧a Õ›flœ”‹ øo±° ̈ao 

ÆaTM·­·±2­  ̈±  ̈ ̧a Õ×–Ûø°°Æ±TMao TMaÆ­·±2 ±2 

—1⁄2 ̈±æaÆ ËÙ ÔÁÁÁ ø2o ›flŒfi ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao 

 ̈ ̧a3  ̈±  ́­ ±2 ÷ø2 ́øÆß ÓÔÙ ÓðððÚ ... ̧·¥a 

©a 1⁄2ø2 ø1⁄2 ̈ ±2 ±2¥ß  ̈ ̧a 3±­ ̈ Æa1⁄2a2 ̈¥ß 

­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao TMaÆ­·±2Ù ©a  ̧øTMa ÆaTM·a©ao 

3ø ̈aÆ·ø¥­ °Æ±TM·oao ©· ̈ ̧ °ÆaTM·± ́­ 

­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥­Ú 

›Ú ... ̧ø ̈ ×­  ̈ ̧a – ́Æ°±­a ±o  ̈ ̧a Õ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao 

Œ ́¥a­ ±Æ Œ ́¥a ŒaTM·­·±2­· 

Ã ̧a ° ́Æ°±­a­ ±o 2a© Œ ́¥a ÏÍÁÓ øÆa øo±¥¥±©­Ê 

Ã± Æao ́1⁄2a a3·­­·±2­ ±o —›­ ø2o 

–”PÔð oÆ±3 1⁄2 ̧ø·2ÛoÆ·TMa2 1⁄2±33aÆ1⁄2·ø¥ 

1⁄2 ̧øÆæÆ±·¥aÆ­Ú Ã ̧a 1⁄2 ̧øÆæÆ±·¥aÆ 3 ́­ ̈ æa 

aØ ́·°°ao ©· ̈ ̧ ø 1⁄2ø ̈ø¥ß ̈·1⁄2 ±®·o·¶aÆ 

1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥ oaTM·1⁄2a ±2  ̈ ̧a a® ̧ø ́­ ̈ 1ø­a­Ù ±Æ 

ø  ́2· ̈ 1⁄2aÆ ̈·o·ao æß  ̈ ̧a Õ›flœ”‹ 3 ́­ ̈ æa 

 ́­aoÙ ±Æ ø2± ̈ ̧aÆ 1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥ oaTM·1⁄2a 3øß æa 

 ́­ao ·o · ̈ ·­ ø­ aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa ø­ ø 1⁄2ø ̈ø¥ß ̈·1⁄2 

±®·o·¶aÆÚ Ã ̧a ° ́Æ°±­a­ ±o  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2 ̧ø21a­  ̈± 

Õ›flœ”‹ ÔÔÈÔ øÆa ø­ o±¥¥±©­Ê 

–øÆø1Æø° ̧  ̄1⁄2 ̃ ̄Ô ̃ ̄‹ ̃ ̄TM· ̃ ±2 À ·2μ 

ø°°¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 ·­ 1⁄2 ̧ø21ao  ̈± ·21⁄2¥ ́oa  ̈ ̧a 

­·3·¥øÆ ¤fi ·2μ ø°°¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2Ú 

–øÆø1Æø° ̧  ̄1⁄2 ̃ ̄Ô ̃ øoTMø21⁄2a­  ̈ ̧a 

ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈ o±Æ ¥±©aÆ —› 1⁄2±2 ̈a2 ̈ oÆ±3 

÷ ́¥ß ÔÙ ÓððÎ o±Æ©øÆo  ̈± ÷ø2 ́øÆß ÔÙ ÓððÌÚ 

Ã ̧a 1⁄2¥aø2·21 ±°aÆø ̈·±2­ øooa1⁄2 ̈ao 

·21⁄2¥ ́oa  ̄fl ̃ °Æ±o ́1⁄2 ̈ 1⁄2¥aø2·21 ø2o 

­ ́Æoø1⁄2a °Æa°øÆø ̈·±2O1a2aÆø¥Ù  ̄fi ̃ Æa°ø·Æ 

ø2o 3ø·2 ̈a2ø21⁄2a 1⁄2¥aø2·21O1a2aÆø¥Ù  ̄› ̃ 

1⁄2¥aø2·21 ±o ·2μ ø°°¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 aØ ́·°3a2 ̈O

1a2aÆø¥Ù o¥a®±1Æø° ̧·1⁄2 °Æ·2 ̈·21Ù 

°ø1⁄2μø1·21Ù ø2o Æa3±TMøæ¥a °Æa­­ 

1⁄2±3°±2a2 ̈­Ù ø2o  ̄‹ ̃ 1⁄2¥aø2·21 ±o 

°±¥ßa­ ̈aÆ Æa­·2 ø°°¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 aØ ́·°3a2 ̈Ú 

–øÆø1Æø° ̧  ̄a ̃ ̄Ï ̃ °Æ± ̧·æ· ̈­  ̈ ̧a  ́­a ·2 

ø ́ ̈±3± ̈·TMa 3ø·2 ̈a2ø21⁄2a ø2o Æa°ø·Æ ±o 

 ̄fl ̃ °aÆ1⁄2 ̧¥±Æ±a ̈ ̧ß¥a2aÙ  ̄fi ̃ 3a ̈ ̧ß¥a2a 

1⁄2 ̧¥±Æ·oaÙ ±Æ  ̄› ̃  ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̧¥±Æ±a ̈ ̧ß¥a2a 

­±¥TMa2 ̈­Ú 

–øÆø1Æø° ̧­  ̄ ̧ ̃ ̄Ì ̃ ø2o  ̄ ̧ ̃ ̄Î ̃  ̧øTMa 

oa¥a ̈ao ±æ­±¥a ̈a a®a3° ̈·±2­ o±Æ 

1⁄2¥aø2·21 ±o °¥ø­ ̈·1⁄2­ ø2o  ̧ø2o©·°a 

1⁄2¥aø2·21 ±o aØ ́·°3a2 ̈Ú 

–øÆø1Æø° ̧  ̄ ̧ ̃ ̄È ̃ 1⁄2¥øÆ·o·a­  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a ÓÎ 

1Æø3­Ò¥· ̈aÆ ¥·3· ̈ o±Æ 1a2aÆø¥ 1⁄2¥aø2·21 ±o 

·2μ ø°°¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 aØ ́·°3a2 ̈ ­ ̧ø¥¥ 2± ̈  ̈øμa 

°¥ø1⁄2a  ́2 ̈·¥ ÷ ́¥ß ÔÙ ÓððÎÚ 

Ã ̧a ø¥¥±©ø21⁄2a o±Æ ø °aÆ­±2  ̈± ø°°¥ß 

o±Æ ø ›¥aø2 fl·Æ Õ±¥TMa2 ̈ ›aÆ ̈·o·1⁄2ø ̈a ·­ 

oa¥a ̈aoÚ 

—æ­±¥a ̈a °øÆø1Æø° ̧­ oa­1⁄2Æ·æ·21 

o ́ ̈ ́Æa ¥·3· ̈ø ̈·±2­ ±2 ­±¥TMa2 ̈ 

1⁄2±21⁄2a2 ̈Æø ̈·±2 øÆa oa¥a ̈aoÚ 

Ã ̧a ÃÕ‹  ̧ø­ 3±Æa ·2o±Æ3ø ̈·±2 øæ± ́ ̈ 

 ̈ ̧a­a Æ ́¥a­Ú 

××Ú ¤–flé­ ¤TMø¥ ́ø ̈·±2 ø2o fl1⁄2 ̈·±2 

flÚ ÿ±© ×­ ¤–fl ¤TMø¥ ́ø ̈·21  ̈ ̧a Œ ́¥a­· 

Ÿa2aÆø¥¥ßÙ Õ×– Æ ́¥a­ 3 ́­ ̈ æa 

a2o±Æ1⁄2aøæ¥a  ̄­aa ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÔÔð ̄ø ̃ ±o  ̈ ̧a 

›flfl ̃Ù 3 ́­ ̈ ÆaØ ́·Æa Œaø­±2øæ¥ß 

flTMø·¥øæ¥a ›±2 ̈Æ±¥ Ãa1⁄2 ̧2±¥±1ß  ̄Œfl›Ã ̃ 

o±Æ 3ø¶±Æ ­± ́Æ1⁄2a­ ·2 2±2ø ̈ ̈ø·23a2 ̈ 

øÆaø­  ̄­aa ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÔËÓ ̄ø ̃ ̄Ó ̃ ̄fl ̃ ̃Ù ø2o 

3 ́­ ̈ 2± ̈ Æa¥ø® a®·­ ̈·21 ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­ 

 ̄­aa ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2­ ÔÔð ̄¥ ̃ ø2o ÔÁÌ ̃Ú Ã ̧a 

Õ÷ Àfl–›‹ ·­ ø ­aTMaÆa ±¶±2a 

2±2ø ̈ ̈ø·23a2 ̈ øÆaø ø2o ø ­aÆ·± ́­ –”P

Ôð 2±2ø ̈ ̈ø·23a2 ̈ øÆaø  ̄­aa Ïð ›⁄Œ °øÆ ̈ 

ËÔ ̃Ú Ã ̧aÆa øÆa 2± 3ø¶±Æ ­± ́Æ1⁄2a­ ±o —› 

·2  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2 ̧ø·2ÛoÆ·TMa2 1⁄2±33aÆ1⁄2·ø¥ 

1⁄2 ̧øÆæÆ±·¥·21 ­± ́Æ1⁄2a 1⁄2ø ̈a1±Æß ·2 

Õ÷ Àfl–›‹Ù ø2o  ̈ ̧aÆao±Æa  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a o±a­ 

2± ̈ 2aao  ̈± o ́¥o·¥¥ Œfl›Ã o±Æ —›Ú 

Õa1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÔËÁ ̄æ ̃ ±o  ̈ ̧a ›flfl ÆaØ ́·Æa­ 

­aÆ·± ́­ –”PÔð 2±2ø ̈ ̈ø·23a2 ̈ øÆaø­ 

©· ̈ ̧ 3ø¶±Æ ­± ́Æ1⁄2a­ ±Æ ­·12·o·1⁄2ø2 ̈ ­± ́Æ1⁄2a 

1⁄2ø ̈a1±Æ·a­ ±o –”PÔð  ̈± øo±° ̈ æa­ ̈ 

øTMø·¥øæ¥a 1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥ 3aø­ ́Æa­  ̄fifl›” ̃Ù 

·21⁄2¥ ́o·21 æa­ ̈ øTMø·¥øæ¥a 1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥ 

 ̈a1⁄2 ̧2±¥±1ß  ̄fifl›Ã ̃Ú fifl›” ·­ 2± ̈ 

ÆaØ ́·Æao o±Æ ­± ́Æ1⁄2a 1⁄2ø ̈a1±Æ·a­  ̈ ̧ø ̈ øÆa 

2± ̈ ­·12·o·1⁄2ø2 ̈  ̄oa 3·2·3·­ ̃ ø2o  ̈ ̧aÆa 

øÆa 2± 3ø¶±Æ ­± ́Æ1⁄2a­Ú Õaa flooa2o ́3  ̈± 

 ̈ ̧a Ÿa2aÆø¥ –Æaø3æ¥a o±Æ  ̈ ̧a 

×3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 ±o Ã· ̈¥a × ±o  ̈ ̧a ›¥aø2 

fl·Æ fl1⁄2 ̈ fl3a2o3a2 ̈­ ±o ÔÁÁðÙ ÎÁ ⁄Œ 

ÏÔÁÁË  ̄fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÔÍÙ ÔÁÁÏ ̃Ú Ã ̧a 1⁄2 ̧ø·2Û

oÆ·TMa2 1⁄2±33aÆ1⁄2·ø¥ 1⁄2 ̧øÆæÆ±·¥·21 ­± ́Æ1⁄2a 

1⁄2ø ̈a1±Æß ·­ oa 3·2·3·­ ©· ̈ ̧ øæ± ́ ̈ 

ðÚðÓ ̊ ±o  ̈ ̧a  ̈± ̈ø¥ –”PÔð a3·­­·±2­ ø2o 

o±a­ 2± ̈  ̧øTMa ø2ß 3ø¶±Æ ­± ́Æ1⁄2a­Ú 

Ã ̧aÆao±Æa Œ ́¥a ÏÓÁÓ o±a­ 2± ̈ 2aao  ̈± 

o ́¥o·¥¥ fifl›”Òfifl›Ã o±Æ –”PÔðÚ 

Ÿ ́·oø21⁄2a ø2o °±¥·1⁄2ß o±1⁄2 ́3a2 ̈­  ̈ ̧ø ̈ 

©a  ́­ao  ̈±  ̧a¥° aTMø¥ ́ø ̈a ­°a1⁄2·o·1⁄2 

a2o±Æ1⁄2aøæ·¥· ̈ß ø2o Œfl›Ã ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­ 

1⁄2±2­·­ ̈a2 ̈¥ß ·21⁄2¥ ́oa  ̈ ̧a o±¥¥±©·21Ê 

ŒaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­ o±Æ –Æa°øÆø ̈·±2Ù 

flo±° ̈·±2Ù ø2o Õ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥ ±o 

×3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 –¥ø2­Ù ÀÚÕÚ ¤–flÙ Ïð 

›⁄Œ °øÆ ̈ ÎÔÚ

×­­ ́a­ Œa¥ø ̈·21  ̈± —› Œa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2 

› ́ ̈°±·2 ̈­Ù ‹ao·1⁄2·a21⁄2·a­Ù ø2o ‹aTM·ø ̈·±2­Ù 

¤–fl  ̄”øß ÓÎÙ ÔÁËË ̃  ̄ ̈ ̧a fi¥ ́aæ±±μ ̃Ú 

Ÿ ́·oø21⁄2a ‹±1⁄2 ́3a2 ̈ o±Æ ›±ÆÆa1⁄2 ̈·21 

›±33±2 —›  ̇ — ̈ ̧aÆ Œ ́¥a 

‹ao·1⁄2·a21⁄2·a­Ù ¤–fl Œa1·±2 Á  ̄fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÓÔÙ 

ÓððÔ ̃  ̄ ̈ ̧a ‘· ̈ ̈¥a fi¥ ́aæ±±μ ̃Ú 

‹a ̈aÆ3·2ø ̈·±2 ±o Œfl›Ã ø2o fiflŒ›Ã 

o±Æ —Æ1ø2·1⁄2 Õ±¥TMa2 ̈ ›¥aø2·21 ‹a1Æaø­·21 

—°aÆø ̈·±2­Ù ›ø¥·o±Æ2·ø fl·Æ Œa­± ́Æ1⁄2afi±øÆo  ̄÷ ́¥ß ÈÙ ÔÁÁÔ ̃Ú 

›±2 ̈Æ±¥ ±o —¤ oÆ±3 Õ±¥TMa2 ̈ ”a ̈ø¥ 

›¥aø2·21Ù ¤–flPÏÎðPÓPÈÈPðÓÓ 

 ̄“±TMa3æaÆ ÔÁÈÈ ̃Ú 

Ÿa2aÆø¥ –Æaø3æ¥a o±Æ  ̈ ̧a 

×3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 ±o Ã· ̈¥a × ±o  ̈ ̧a ›¥aø2 

fl·Æ fl1⁄2 ̈ fl3a2o3a2 ̈­ ±o ÔÁÁðÙ ÎÈ ⁄Œ 

ÔÌÏÁËÙ ÔÌÎÏð  ̄fl°Æ·¥ ÔÍÙ ÔÁÁÓ ̃Ú 

flooa2o ́3  ̈±  ̈ ̧a Ÿa2aÆø¥ –Æaø3æ¥a 

o±Æ  ̈ ̧a ×3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 ±o Ã· ̈¥a × ±o  ̈ ̧a 

›¥aø2 fl·Æ fl1⁄2 ̈ fl3a2o3a2 ̈­ ±o ÔÁÁðÙ ÎÁ 

⁄Œ ÏÔÁÁË  ̄fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÔÍÙ ÔÁÁÏ ̃Ú 

–”äÔð Ÿ ́·oa¥·2a ‹±1⁄2 ́3a2 ̈  ̄¤–flP

ÏÎÓÒŒPÁÌPððË ̃Ú 

 aÆ‹ø ̈a ÷ø2‰ÌÔ‚ÓððÌ ÔÏÊÔÏ ÷ ́2 ðÓÙ ÓððÌ ÷μ ̈ ÓððððÔ –— ððððð ⁄Æ3 ðððÎÓ ⁄3 ̈ ÏÈðð Õo3 ̈ ÏÈðð ¤Êƒ⁄Œƒ⁄”ƒðÌ÷“ŒÔÚÕŸ” ðÌ÷“ŒÔ
⁄aoaÆø¥ Œa1·­ ̈aÆ Ò ±¥Ú ÍËÙ “±Ú ÔðÍ ÒÃ ́a­oøßÙ ÷ ́2a ÌÙ ÓððÌÒ Œ ́¥a­ ø2o Œa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2­ ÌÌððÈ

fiÚ ‹±  ̈ ̧a Œ ́¥a­ ”aa ̈  ̈ ̧a ¤TMø¥ ́ø ̈·±2 

›Æ· ̈aÆ·ø· 

...a æa¥·aTMa  ̈ ̧a­a Æ ́¥a­ øÆa 1⁄2±2­·­ ̈a2 ̈ 

©· ̈ ̧  ̈ ̧a Æa¥aTMø2 ̈ °±¥·1⁄2ß ø2o 1 ́·oø21⁄2a 

Æa1øÆo·21 a2o±Æ1⁄2aøæ·¥· ̈ßÙ Œfl›ÃÙ ø2o Õ×– 

Æa¥ø®ø ̈·±2­Ú Ã ̧a ÃÕ‹  ̧ø­ 3±Æa 

·2o±Æ3ø ̈·±2 ±2 ± ́Æ aTMø¥ ́ø ̈·±2Ú 

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fl­ ø ́ ̈ ̧±Æ·¶ao ·2 ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÔÔð ̄μ ̃ ̄Ì ̃ ±o 

 ̈ ̧a ›flflÙ ¤–fl ·­ o ́¥¥ß ø°°Æ±TM·21  ̈ ̧a 

­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao Æ ́¥a­ æa1⁄2ø ́­a ©a æa¥·aTMa  ̈ ̧aß 

o ́¥o·¥¥ ø¥¥ Æa¥aTMø2 ̈ ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­Ú ...a o± 

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°Æ±°±­·21 ø°°Æ±TMø¥ ±o  ̈ ̧a ­ø3a 

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æø­ao ±2  ̈ ̧a °Æ±°±­ø¥Ú ×o ©a o± 2± ̈ 

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o·Æa1⁄2 ̈ o·2ø¥ ø°°Æ±TMø¥ ©·¥¥ æa aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa 

©· ̈ ̧± ́ ̈ o ́Æ ̈ ̧aÆ 2± ̈·1⁄2a ±2 fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÏÙ 

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Æ ́¥a ø2o ·o  ̈ ̧ø ̈ °Æ±TM·­·±2 3øß æa 

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¤–fl 3øß øo±° ̈ ø­ o·2ø¥  ̈ ̧±­a °Æ±TM·­·±2­ 

±o  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a  ̈ ̧ø ̈ øÆa 2± ̈  ̈ ̧a ­ ́æ¶a1⁄2 ̈ ±o ø2 

øoTMaÆ­a 1⁄2±33a2 ̈Ú 

×××Ú fiø1⁄2μ1Æ± ́2o ×2o±Æ3ø ̈·±2 

... ̧ß ...aÆa Ã ̧a­a Œ ́¥a­ Õ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao· 

 —›­  ̧a¥° °Æ±o ́1⁄2a 1Æ± ́2oÛ¥aTMa¥ 

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© ̧·1⁄2 ̧  ̧øÆ3  ̧ ́3ø2  ̧aø¥ ̈ ̧ ø2o  ̈ ̧a 

a2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈Ú ¤–fl  ̧ø­ a­ ̈øæ¥·­ ̧ao 

“ø ̈·±2ø¥ fl3æ·a2 ̈ fl·Æ œ ́ø¥· ̈ß Õ ̈ø2oøÆo­ 

 ̄“flflœÕ ̃ o±Æ ±¶±2aÚ Õa1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÔÔð ̄ø ̃ ±o 

 ̈ ̧a ›flfl ÆaØ ́·Æa­ ­ ̈ø ̈a­  ̈± ­ ́æ3· ̈ 

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3ø·2 ̈ø·2  ̈ ̧a “flflœÕÚ Ãøæ¥a Ó ¥·­ ̈­ ­±3a 

±o  ̈ ̧a 2ø ̈·±2ø¥ 3·¥a­ ̈±2a­ ¥aøo·21  ̈±  ̈ ̧a 

­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥ ±o ¥±1⁄2ø¥ ø1a21⁄2ß —› Æ ́¥a­Ú

Ãflfi‘¤ ÓÚâ—Æ—“¤ “—“flÃÃfl×“”¤“Ã ”×‘¤ÕÃ—“¤Õ

‹ø ̈a ¤TMa2 ̈ 

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›⁄Œ ËÔÚÌðÎÚ 

”øß ÓÍÙ ÔÁËË ÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚÚ ¤–fl 2± ̈·o·ao Ÿ±TMaÆ2±Æ­  ̈ ̧ø ̈ °øÆ ̈­ ±o  ̈ ̧a·Æ Õ×–­ ©aÆa ·2øoaØ ́ø ̈a  ̈± ø ̈ ̈ø·2 ø2o 3ø·2 ̈ø·2  ̈ ̧a ±¶±2a ­ ̈ø2oøÆo ø2o ÆaÛ

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“±TMa3æaÆ ÔÎÙ ÔÁÁð ÚÚÚÚÚÚ ›¥aø2 fl·Æ fl1⁄2 ̈ fl3a2o3a2 ̈­ ±o ÔÁÁð ©aÆa a2ø1⁄2 ̈aoÚ – ́æ¥·1⁄2 ‘ø© ÔðÔäÎÏÁÙ ÔðÏ Õ ̈ø ̈Ú ÓÌÁÁÙ 1⁄2±o·o·ao ø ̈ ÏÓ ÀÚÕÚ›Ú ÈÏðÔä

ÈÍÈÔØÚ

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× Ú Õ ̈ø ̈ ́ ̈±Æß ø2o ¤®a1⁄2 ́ ̈·TMa —ÆoaÆ 

ŒaTM·a©­ 

À2oaÆ ¤®a1⁄2 ́ ̈·TMa —ÆoaÆ ÔÓËÍÍ  ̄ÎË ⁄Œ 

ÎÔÈÌÎÙ —1⁄2 ̈±æaÆ ÏÙ ÔÁÁÌ ̃Ù  ̈ ̧·­ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 ·­ 

2± ̈ ø LL­·12·o·1⁄2ø2 ̈ Æa1 ́¥ø ̈±Æß ø1⁄2 ̈·±2KK ø2o 

 ̈ ̧aÆao±Æa ·­ 2± ̈ ­ ́æ¶a1⁄2 ̈  ̈± ÆaTM·a© æß  ̈ ̧a 

—oo·1⁄2a ±o ”ø2ø1a3a2 ̈ ø2o fi ́o1a ̈Ú ⁄±Æ 

 ̈ ̧·­ Æaø­±2Ù  ̈ ̧·­ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 ·­ ø¥­± 2± ̈ 

­ ́æ¶a1⁄2 ̈  ̈± ¤®a1⁄2 ́ ̈·TMa —ÆoaÆ ÔÌÓÔÔÙ 

LLfl1⁄2 ̈·±2­ ›±21⁄2aÆ2·21 Œa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2­ Ã ̧ø ̈ 

Õ·12·o·1⁄2ø2 ̈¥ß flooa1⁄2 ̈ ¤2aÆ1ß Õ ́°°¥ßÙ 

‹·­ ̈Æ·æ ́ ̈·±2Ù ±Æ À­aKK  ̄ÍÍ ⁄Œ ÓËÌÎÎÙ ”øß 

ÓÓÙ ÓððÔ ̃Ú Ã ̧·­ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 3aÆa¥ß ø°°Æ±TMa­ 

­ ̈ø ̈a ¥ø© ø­ 3aa ̈·21 oaoaÆø¥ 

ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­ ø2o ·3°±­a­ 2± øoo· ̈·±2ø¥ 

ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­ æaß±2o  ̈ ̧±­a ·3°±­ao æß 

­ ̈ø ̈a ¥ø©Ú fl1⁄21⁄2±Æo·21¥ßÙ  ̈ ̧a 

flo3·2·­ ̈Æø ̈±Æ 1⁄2aÆ ̈·o·a­  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧·­ Æ ́¥a 

©·¥¥ 2± ̈  ̧øTMa ø ­·12·o·1⁄2ø2 ̈ a1⁄2±2±3·1⁄2 

·3°ø1⁄2 ̈ ±2 ø ­ ́æ­ ̈ø2 ̈·ø¥ 2 ́3æaÆ ±o ­3ø¥¥ 

a2 ̈· ̈·a­  ́2oaÆ  ̈ ̧a Œa1 ́¥ø ̈±Æß ⁄¥a®·æ·¥· ̈ß 

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Æ ́¥a ø°°Æ±TMa­ °ÆaÛa®·­ ̈·21 ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­ 

 ́2oaÆ ­ ̈ø ̈a ¥ø© ø2o o±a­ 2± ̈ ·3°±­a 

ø2ß øoo· ̈·±2ø¥ a2o±Æ1⁄2aøæ¥a o ́ ̈ß æaß±2o 

 ̈ ̧ø ̈ ÆaØ ́·Æao æß ­ ̈ø ̈a ¥ø©Ù · ̈ o±a­ 2± ̈ 

1⁄2±2 ̈ø·2 ø2ß  ́2o ́2oao 3ø2oø ̈a ±Æ 

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1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈­Ù ø­ oa­1⁄2Æ·æao ·2  ̈ ̧a 

À2o ́2oao ”ø2oø ̈a­ Œao±Æ3 fl1⁄2 ̈ ±o ÔÁÁÎ 

 ̄– ́æÚ ‘Ú ÔðÏPÏ ̃Ú 

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­ ́æ­ ̈ø2 ̈·ø¥ o·Æa1⁄2 ̈ aooa1⁄2 ̈ ±2 ±2a ±Æ 3±Æa 

×2o·ø2  ̈Æ·æa­Ù ±2  ̈ ̧a Æa¥ø ̈·±2­ ̧·° 

æa ̈©aa2  ̈ ̧a ⁄aoaÆø¥ Ÿ±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ ø2o 

×2o·ø2  ̈Æ·æa­Ù ±Æ ±2  ̈ ̧a o·­ ̈Æ·æ ́ ̈·±2 ±o 

°±©aÆ ø2o Æa­°±2­·æ·¥· ̈·a­ æa ̈©aa2  ̈ ̧a 

⁄aoaÆø¥ Ÿ±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ ø2o ×2o·ø2  ̈Æ·æa­Ù 

ø­ ­°a1⁄2·o·ao æß ¤®a1⁄2 ́ ̈·TMa —ÆoaÆ ÔÌÔÈÎ 

 ̄ÍÎ ⁄Œ ÍÈÓÏÁÙ “±TMa3æaÆ ÁÙ Óððð ̃Ú Ã ̧·­ 

ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 ø¥­± o±a­ 2± ̈  ̧øTMa ⁄aoaÆø¥·­3 

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­ ́æ­ ̈ø2 ̈·ø¥ o·Æa1⁄2 ̈ aooa1⁄2 ̈­ ±2  ̈ ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈a­Ù 

±2  ̈ ̧a Æa¥ø ̈·±2­ ̧·° æa ̈©aa2  ̈ ̧a 2ø ̈·±2ø¥ 

1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ ø2o  ̈ ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈a­Ù ±Æ ±2  ̈ ̧a 

o·­ ̈Æ·æ ́ ̈·±2 ±o °±©aÆ ø2o 

Æa­°±2­·æ·¥· ̈·a­ ø3±21  ̈ ̧a TMøÆ·± ́­ 

¥aTMa¥­ ±o 1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈Ù ø­ ­°a1⁄2·o·ao ·2 

¤®a1⁄2 ́ ̈·TMa —ÆoaÆ ÔÌÔÌÓ  ̄ÍÏ ⁄Œ ÏÌÓÎÎÙ 

fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÔðÙ ÔÁÁÁ ̃Ú Ã ̧·­ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 3aÆa¥ß 

ø°°Æ±TMa­ ø ­ ̈ø ̈a Æ ́¥a ·3°¥a3a2 ̈·21 ø 

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ø2o Æa­°±2­·æ·¥· ̈·a­ a­ ̈øæ¥·­ ̧ao ·2  ̈ ̧a 

›flflÚ Ã ̧·­ Æ ́¥a ø¥­± ·­ 2± ̈ ­ ́æ¶a1⁄2 ̈  ̈± 

¤®a1⁄2 ́ ̈·TMa —ÆoaÆ ÔÌðÏÎÙ LL–Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2 ±o 

› ̧·¥oÆa2 oÆ±3 ¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ ÿaø¥ ̈ ̧ 

Œ·­μ­ ø2o Õøoa ̈ß Œ·­μ­KK  ̄ÍÓ ⁄Œ ÔÁËËÎÙ 

fl°Æ·¥ ÓÌÙ ÔÁÁÈ ̃Ù æa1⁄2ø ́­a · ̈ ·­ 2± ̈ 

a1⁄2±2±3·1⁄2ø¥¥ß ­·12·o·1⁄2ø2 ̈Ú 

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°Æ±TM·oao  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧aß 3aa ̈  ̈ ̧a 1⁄2Æ· ̈aÆ·ø ±o 

 ̈ ̧a ›flflÚ ×2  ̈ ̧·­ 1⁄2±2 ̈a® ̈Ù ·2  ̈ ̧a øæ­a21⁄2a 

±o ø °Æ·±Æ a®·­ ̈·21 ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈ o±Æ  ̈ ̧a 

Õ ̈ø ̈a  ̈±  ́­a TM±¥ ́2 ̈øÆß 1⁄2±2­a2­ ́­ 

­ ̈ø2oøÆo­  ̄ ›Õ ̃Ù ¤–fl  ̧ø­ 2± ø ́ ̈ ̧±Æ· ̈ß 

 ̈± o·­ø°°Æ±TMa ø Õ×– ­ ́æ3·­­·±2 o±Æ 

oø·¥ ́Æa  ̈±  ́­a ›ÕÚ × ̈ ©± ́¥o  ̈ ̧ ́­ æa 

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¤–flÙ © ̧a2 · ̈ ÆaTM·a©­ ø Õ×– ­ ́æ3·­­·±2Ù 

 ̈±  ́­a ›Õ ·2 °¥ø1⁄2a ±o ø Õ×– ­ ́æ3·­­·±2 

 ̈ ̧ø ̈ ± ̈ ̧aÆ©·­a ­ø ̈·­o·a­  ̈ ̧a °Æ±TM·­·±2­ ±o 

 ̈ ̧a ›flflÚ Ã ̧ ́­Ù  ̈ ̧a ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­ ±o 

­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÔÓ ̄o ̃ ±o  ̈ ̧a “ø ̈·±2ø¥ 

Ãa1⁄2 ̧2±¥±1ß ÃÆø2­oaÆ ø2o floTMø21⁄2a3a2 ̈ 

fl1⁄2 ̈ ±o ÔÁÁÎ  ̄ÔÎ ÀÚÕÚ›Ú ÓÈÓ 2± ̈a ̃ o± 2± ̈ 

ø°°¥ßÚ Ã ̧·­ Æ ́¥a o±a­ 2± ̈ ·3°±­a ø2 

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°Æ±TM·­·±2­ ±o  ̈ ̧a –ø°aÆ©±Æμ Œao ́1⁄2 ̈·±2 

fl1⁄2 ̈ ±o ÔÁÁÎ  ̄ÏÏ ÀÚÕÚ›Ú ÌÎðÔ a ̈ ­aØÚ ̃Ú 

Ã ̧a ›±21Æa­­·±2ø¥ ŒaTM·a© fl1⁄2 ̈Ù Î 

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1a2aÆø¥¥ß °Æ±TM·oa­  ̈ ̧ø ̈ æao±Æa ø Æ ́¥a 

3øß  ̈øμa aooa1⁄2 ̈Ù  ̈ ̧a ø1a21⁄2ß 

°Æ±3 ́¥1ø ̈·21  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a 3 ́­ ̈ ­ ́æ3· ̈ ø 

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ø2o  ̈±  ̈ ̧a ›±3° ̈Æ±¥¥aÆ Ÿa2aÆø¥ ±o  ̈ ̧a 

À2· ̈ao Õ ̈ø ̈a­Ú ¤–fl ©·¥¥ ­ ́æ3· ̈ ø Æa°±Æ ̈ 

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ÿ± ́­a ±o Œa°Æa­a2 ̈ø ̈·TMa­Ù ø2o  ̈ ̧a 

›±3° ̈Æ±¥¥aÆ Ÿa2aÆø¥ ±o  ̈ ̧a À2· ̈ao 

Õ ̈ø ̈a­ °Æ·±Æ  ̈± ° ́æ¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 ±o  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a ·2 

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ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 3 ́­ ̈ æa o·¥ao ·2  ̈ ̧a À2· ̈ao Õ ̈ø ̈a­ 

›± ́Æ ̈ ±o fl°°aø¥­ o±Æ  ̈ ̧a ø°°Æ±°Æ·ø ̈a 

1⁄2·Æ1⁄2 ́· ̈ æß fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÏÙ ÓððÌÚ ⁄·¥·21 ø 

°a ̈· ̈·±2 o±Æ Æa1⁄2±2­·oaÆø ̈·±2 æß  ̈ ̧a 

flo3·2·­ ̈Æø ̈±Æ ±o  ̈ ̧·­ o·2ø¥ Æ ́¥a o±a­ 2± ̈ 

 aÆ‹ø ̈a ÷ø2‰ÌÔ‚ÓððÌ ÔÏÊÔÏ ÷ ́2 ðÓÙ ÓððÌ ÷μ ̈ ÓððððÔ –— ððððð ⁄Æ3 ðððÎÌ ⁄3 ̈ ÏÈðð Õo3 ̈ ÏÈðð ¤Êƒ⁄Œƒ⁄”ƒðÌ÷“ŒÔÚÕŸ” ðÌ÷“ŒÔ
ÌÌððË ⁄aoaÆø¥ Œa1·­ ̈aÆ Ò ±¥Ú ÍËÙ “±Ú ÔðÍ ÒÃ ́a­oøßÙ ÷ ́2a ÌÙ ÓððÌÒ Œ ́¥a­ ø2o Œa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2­ 

øooa1⁄2 ̈  ̈ ̧a o·2ø¥· ̈ß ±o  ̈ ̧·­ Æ ́¥a o±Æ  ̈ ̧a 

° ́Æ°±­a­ ±o ¶ ́o·1⁄2·ø¥ ÆaTM·a© 2±Æ o±a­ · ̈ 

a® ̈a2o  ̈ ̧a  ̈·3a ©· ̈ ̧·2 © ̧·1⁄2 ̧ ø °a ̈· ̈·±2 

o±Æ ¶ ́o·1⁄2·ø¥ ÆaTM·a© 3øß æa o·¥aoÙ ø2o 

­ ̧ø¥¥ 2± ̈ °±­ ̈°±2a  ̈ ̧a aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa2a­­ ±o 

­ ́1⁄2 ̧ Æ ́¥a ±Æ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2Ú Ã ̧·­ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 3øß 2± ̈ 

æa 1⁄2 ̧ø¥¥a21ao ¥ø ̈aÆ ·2 °Æ±1⁄2aao·21­  ̈± 

a2o±Æ1⁄2a · ̈­ ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­Ú  ̄Õaa ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 

ÌðÈ ̄æ ̃ ̄Ó ̃Ú ̃

‘·­ ̈ ±o Õ ́æ¶a1⁄2 ̈­ ·2 Ïð ›⁄Œ –øÆ ̈ ÎÓ 

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ °Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2Ù fl·Æ 

°±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 1⁄2±2 ̈Æ±¥Ù ×21⁄2±Æ°±Æø ̈·±2 æß 

ÆaoaÆa21⁄2aÙ ×2 ̈aÆ1±TMaÆ23a2 ̈ø¥ Æa¥ø ̈·±2­Ù 

—¶±2aÙ –øÆ ̈·1⁄2 ́¥ø ̈a 3ø ̈ ̈aÆÙ Œa°±Æ ̈·21 

ø2o Æa1⁄2±Æoμaa°·21 ÆaØ ́·Æa3a2 ̈­Ù 

 ±¥ø ̈·¥a ±Æ1ø2·1⁄2 1⁄2±3°± ́2o­Ú

‹ø ̈aoÊ fl°Æ·¥ ÓËÙ ÓððÌÚ 

fl¥a®·­ Õ ̈Æø ́­­Ù 

fl1⁄2 ̈·21 Œa1·±2ø¥ flo3·2·­ ̈Æø ̈±ÆÙ Œa1·±2 ×»Ú

–øÆ ̈ ÎÓÙ 1⁄2 ̧ø° ̈aÆ ×Ù  ̈· ̈¥a Ïð ±o  ̈ ̧a ›±oa 

±o ⁄aoaÆø¥ Œa1 ́¥ø ̈·±2­ ·­ ø3a2oao øo±¥¥±©­Ê

–flŒÃ ÎÓâÅfl”¤“‹¤‹Ã

ÔÚ Ã ̧a ø ́ ̈ ̧±Æ· ̈ß 1⁄2· ̈ø ̈·±2 o±Æ –øÆ ̈ ÎÓ 

1⁄2±2 ̈·2 ́a­  ̈± Æaøo ø­ o±¥¥±©­Ê

fl ́ ̈ ̧±Æ· ̈ßÊ ÏÓ ÀÚÕÚ›Ú ÈÏðÔ a ̈ ­aØÚ

Õ ́æ°øÆ ̈ ⁄â›ø¥·o±Æ2·ø

ÓÚ Õa1⁄2 ̈·±2 ÎÓÚÓÓð ·­ ø3a2oao æß 

øoo·21 °øÆø1Æø° ̧­  ̄1⁄2 ̃ ̄ÌÔð ̃ ø2o  ̄1⁄2 ̃ ̄ÌÔÔ ̃ 

 ̈± Æaøo ø­ o±¥¥±©­Ê

y ÎÓÚÓÓð ×oa2 ̈·o·1⁄2ø ̈·±2 ±o °¥ø2Ú

ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ

 ̄1⁄2 ̃ ˆ ˆ ˆ 

 ̄ÌÔð ̃ “a© ø2o ø3a2oao Æ ́¥a­ o±Æ  ̈ ̧a 

o±¥¥±©·21 o·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈­ ©aÆa ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao ±2 

”øß ÓÔÙ ÓððÓÙ æß  ̈ ̧a Ÿ±TMaÆ2±ÆKoa­·12aaÚ 

 ̄· ̃ ×21⁄2±Æ°±Æø ̈·±2 æß ÆaoaÆa21⁄2aÚ 

 ̄fl ̃ Õø2 ÷±øØ ́·2 ø¥¥aß À2·o·ao fl·Æ 

–±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 ›±2 ̈Æ±¥ ‹·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈Ú 

 ̄Ô ̃ Œ ́¥a ÏÍÁÓÙ øo±° ̈ao ±2 ”øÆ1⁄2 ̧ ÓÔÙ 

ÓððÓÚ 

 ̄ÌÔÔ ̃ “a© ø2o ø3a2oao Æ ́¥a­ o±Æ  ̈ ̧a 

o±¥¥±©·21 o·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈­ ©aÆa ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao ±2 

‹a1⁄2a3æaÆ ÓÌÙ ÓððÓÙ æß  ̈ ̧a Ÿ±TMaÆ2±ÆKoa­·12aaÚ 

 ̄· ̃ ×21⁄2±Æ°±Æø ̈·±2 æß ÆaoaÆa21⁄2aÚ 

 ̄fl ̃ Õ± ́ ̈ ̧ ›±ø­ ̈ fl·Æ œ ́ø¥· ̈ß 

”ø2ø1a3a2 ̈ ‹·­ ̈Æ·1⁄2 ̈Ú 

 ̄Ô ̃ Œ ́¥a ÔÔÈÔÙ øo±° ̈ao ±2 fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÓÙ 

ÔÁÁÔ ø2o ø3a2oao ±2 fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÓÙ ÓððÓÚ

ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ

Å⁄Œ ‹±1⁄2Ú ðÌPÔÌÈðÎ ⁄·¥ao ÍPÓPðÌÂ ËÊÏÎ ø3Ã 

fi×‘‘×“Ÿ ›—‹¤ ÍÎÍðäÎðä–

¤“ ×Œ—“”¤“Ãfl‘ –Œ—Ã¤›Ã×—“ 

flŸ¤“›«

Ïð ›⁄Œ –øÆ ̈ ÎÓ 

ÅÃ“äÓÔÌäÁÁÎÓ ̄ø ̃Â ⁄Œ‘äÈÎðÍäËÃ

fl°°Æ±TMø¥ ø2o –Æ±3 ́¥1ø ̈·±2 ±o 

×3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 –¥ø2­ Ãa22a­­aaÊ 

fl°°Æ±TMø¥ ±o ŒaTM·­·±2­  ̈±  ̈ ̧a 

Ãa22a­­aa Õ ̈ø ̈a ×3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 –¥ø2

flŸ¤“›«Ê ¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2 

fl1a21⁄2ß  ̄¤–fl ̃Ú

fl›Ã×—“Ê ‹·Æa1⁄2 ̈ o·2ø¥ Æ ́¥aÚ

ÕÀ””flŒ«Ê Ã ̧a ¤–fl ·­ ø°°Æ±TM·21 

ÆaTM·­·±2­  ̈±  ̈ ̧a Ãa22a­­aa ‹a°øÆ ̈3a2 ̈ 

±o ¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ ø2o ›±2­aÆTMø ̈·±2Koao·2· ̈·±2 ±o ±¥ø ̈·¥a —Æ1ø2·1⁄2 

›±3°± ́2o­ ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao ±2 ⁄aæÆ ́øÆß ÌÙ 

ÔÁÁÁ æß  ̈ ̧a ­ ̈ø ̈a ±o Ãa22a­­aaÚ Ã ̧a­a 

ÆaTM·­·±2­ øÆa oa­·12ao o±Æ  ̈ ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈a 

×3°¥a3a2 ̈ø ̈·±2 –¥ø2  ̄Õ×– ̃  ̈± ø ̈ ̈ø·2  ̈ ̧a 

2ø ̈·±2ø¥ ø3æ·a2 ̈ ø·Æ Ø ́ø¥· ̈ß ­ ̈ø2oøÆo­ 

 ̄“flflœÕ ̃ o±Æ ±¶±2a  ́2oaÆ  ̈· ̈¥a × ±o  ̈ ̧a 

›¥aø2 fl·Æ fl1⁄2 ̈  ̄›flfl ̃Ú Ã ̧a øoo· ̈·±2ø¥ 

1⁄2±3°± ́2o­ ÿ⁄›ÏÌPÔð3aaÙ ÿ›⁄›P

ÓÓÎ1⁄2øÙ ø2o ÿ›⁄›PÓÓÎ1⁄2æ øÆa øooao  ̈± 

 ̈ ̧a ¥·­ ̈ ±o a®a3° ̈ 1⁄2±3°± ́2o­ ±2  ̈ ̧a 

æø­·­  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧aß  ̧øTMa 2a1¥·1·æ¥a 

1⁄2±2 ̈Æ·æ ́ ̈·±2  ̈±  ̈ ̧a  ̈Æ±°±­° ̧aÆ·1⁄2 ±¶±2a 

o±Æ3ø ̈·±2Ú

‹flÃ¤ÕÊ Ã ̧·­ o·Æa1⁄2 ̈ o·2ø¥ Æ ́¥a ·­ aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa 

fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÏÙ ÓððÌ ©· ̈ ̧± ́ ̈ o ́Æ ̈ ̧aÆ 2± ̈·1⁄2aÙ 

 ́2¥a­­ ¤–fl Æa1⁄2a·TMa­ øoTMaÆ­a 1⁄2±33a2 ̈ 

æß ÷ ́¥ß ÌÙ ÓððÌÚ ×o øoTMaÆ­a 1⁄2±33a2 ̈ ·­ 

Æa1⁄2a·TMaoÙ ¤–fl ©·¥¥ ° ́æ¥·­ ̧ ø  ̈·3a¥ß 

©· ̈ ̧oÆø©ø¥ ±o  ̈ ̧a o·Æa1⁄2 ̈ o·2ø¥ Æ ́¥a ·2  ̈ ̧a 

⁄aoaÆø¥ Œa1·­ ̈aÆ ø2o ·2o±Æ3  ̈ ̧a ° ́æ¥·1⁄2 

 ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a ©·¥¥ 2± ̈  ̈øμa aooa1⁄2 ̈Ú

fl‹‹Œ¤ÕÕ¤ÕÊ fl¥¥ 1⁄2±33a2 ̈­ ­ ̧± ́¥o æa 

øooÆa­­ao  ̈±Ê Õ ̈aTMa Õ1⁄2±o·a¥o ±Æ “ø1⁄2±­ ̈ø 

...øÆoÂ Œa1 ́¥ø ̈±Æß ‹aTMa¥±°3a2 ̈ Õa1⁄2 ̈·±2Â 

fl·Æ –¥ø22·21 fiÆø21⁄2 ̧Â fl·ÆÙ –a­ ̈·1⁄2·oa­Ù 

ø2o Ã±®·1⁄2­ ”ø2ø1a3a2 ̈ ‹·TM·­·±2Â ÀÚ ÕÚ 

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2 fl1a21⁄2ß 

Œa1·±2 ÏÂ ÍÔ ⁄±Æ­ß ̈ ̧ Õ ̈Æaa ̈Ù Õ...ÚÙ 

fl ̈¥ø2 ̈øÙ Ÿa±Æ1·ø ÌðÌðÌPËÁÍðÚ 

›±°·a­ ±o  ̈ ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈a ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥ ̄­ ̃ øÆa 

øTMø·¥øæ¥a ø ̈  ̈ ̧a o±¥¥±©·21 øooÆa­­a­ o±Æ 

·2­°a1⁄2 ̈·±2 o ́Æ·21 2±Æ3ø¥ æ ́­·2a­­ 

 ̧± ́Æ­Ê 

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2 fl1a21⁄2ß 

Œa1·±2 ÏÙ fl·Æ –¥ø22·21 fiÆø21⁄2 ̧Ù ÍÔ 

⁄±Æ­ß ̈ ̧ Õ ̈Æaa ̈Ù Õ...ÚÙ fl ̈¥ø2 ̈øÙ Ÿa±Æ1·ø 

ÌðÌðÌPËÁÍðÚ ÅÕ ̈aTMa Õ1⁄2±o·a¥oÙ ÏðÏPÎÍÓP

ÁðÌÏ ±Æ “ø1⁄2±­ ̈ø ...øÆoÙ ÏðÏPÎÍÓPÁÔÏðÃÚ 

Ãa22a­­aa ‹a°øÆ ̈3a2 ̈ ±o ¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ 

ø2o ›±2­aÆTMø ̈·±2Ù ‹·TM·­·±2 ±o fl·Æ 

–±¥¥ ́ ̈·±2 ›±2 ̈Æ±¥Ù ‘  ̇ › fl22a®Ù Á ̈ ̧ 

⁄¥±±ÆÙ ÏðÔ › ̧ ́Æ1⁄2 ̧ Õ ̈Æaa ̈Ù “ø­ ̧TM·¥¥aÙ 

Ãa22a­­aa ÌÈÓÏÌPÔÎÌÔÚ ÍÔÎPÎÌÓPðÎÎÏÚ

⁄—Œ ⁄ÀŒÃÿ¤Œ ×“⁄—Œ”flÃ×—“ ›—“Ãfl›ÃÊ

Õ ̈aTMa Õ1⁄2±o·a¥o ±Æ “ø1⁄2±­ ̈ø ...øÆoÂ 

Œa1 ́¥ø ̈±Æß ‹aTMa¥±°3a2 ̈ Õa1⁄2 ̈·±2Â fl·Æ 

–¥ø22·21 fiÆø21⁄2 ̧Â fl·ÆÙ –a­ ̈·1⁄2·oa­Ù ø2o 

Ã±®·1⁄2­ ”ø2ø1a3a2 ̈ ‹·TM·­·±2Â ÀÚ ÕÚ 

¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ø¥ –Æ± ̈a1⁄2 ̈·±2 fl1a21⁄2ß 

Œa1·±2 ÏÂ ÍÔ ⁄±Æ­ß ̈ ̧ Õ ̈Æaa ̈Ù Õ...ÚÙ 

fl ̈¥ø2 ̈øÙ Ÿa±Æ1·ø ÌðÌðÌPËÁÍðÚ ”ÆÚ 

Õ1⁄2±o·a¥o ø2o ”­Ú ...øÆo 1⁄2ø2 ø¥­± æa 

Æaø1⁄2 ̧ao æß  ̈a¥a° ̧±2a ø ̈ ÏðÏPÎÍÓPÁðÌÏ 

ø2o ÏðÏPÎÍÓPÁÔÏðÙ ±Æ æß a¥a1⁄2 ̈Æ±2·1⁄2 

3ø·¥ ø ̈ ­1⁄2±o·a¥oÚ­ ̈aTMa‡a°øÚ1±TM ø2o 

©øÆoÚ2ø1⁄2±­ ̈ø‡a°øÚ1±TMÙ Æa­°a1⁄2 ̈·TMa¥ßÚ

ÕÀ––‘¤”¤“ÃflŒ« ×“⁄—Œ”flÃ×—“Ê

×Ú fl2ø¥ß­·­ ±o Õ ̈ø ̈aé­ Õ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥ 

—2 ⁄aæÆ ́øÆß ÌÙ ÔÁÁÁÙ  ̈ ̧a ­ ̈ø ̈a ±o 

Ãa22a­­aa  ̈ ̧Æ± ́1 ̧  ̈ ̧a Ãa22a­­aa 

‹a°øÆ ̈3a2 ̈ ±o ¤2TM·Æ±23a2 ̈ ø2o 

›±2­aÆTMø ̈·±2 ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ao ø ÆaTM·­·±2  ̈± 

1⁄2 ̧ø° ̈aÆ ÔÓððPÌPÔËÙ ±¥ø ̈·¥a —Æ1ø2·1⁄2 

›±3°± ́2o­Ù © ̧·1⁄2 ̧ °Æ±TM·oa­ Õ×– 

oao·2· ̈·±2­Ú Ã ̧a ÆaTM·­·±2  ̈± 1⁄2 ̧ø° ̈aÆ 

ÔÓððPÌPÔË °Æ±TM·oa­ 1Æaø ̈aÆ 1⁄2¥øÆ· ̈ß  ̈± 

 ̈ ̧a a®·­ ̈·21 oao·2· ̈·±2Ú Ã ̧a øoo· ̈·±2ø¥ 

1⁄2±3°± ́2o­ ÿ⁄›ÏÌPÔð3aaÙ ÿ›⁄›P

ÓÓÎ1⁄2øÙ ø2o ÿ›⁄›PÓÓÎ1⁄2æ øÆa øooao  ̈± 

 ̈ ̧a ¥·­ ̈ ±o a®a3° ̈ 1⁄2±3°± ́2o­ ±2  ̈ ̧a 

æø­·­  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧aß  ̧øTMa 2a1¥·1·æ¥a 

1⁄2±2 ̈Æ·æ ́ ̈·±2  ̈±  ̈ ̧a  ̈Æ±°±­° ̧aÆ·1⁄2 ±¶±2a 

o±Æ3ø ̈·±2Ú 

××Ú ⁄·2ø¥ fl1⁄2 ̈·±2 

¤–fl ·­ ø°°Æ±TM·21  ̈ ̧a øo±Æa3a2 ̈·±2ao 

1⁄2 ̧ø21a­  ̈±  ̈ ̧a Õ ̈ø ̈a ±o Ãa22a­­aaK­ Õ×– 

æa1⁄2ø ́­a  ̈ ̧aß øÆa 1⁄2±2­·­ ̈a2 ̈ ©· ̈ ̧  ̈ ̧a 

›flfl ø2o ¤–fl °±¥·1⁄2ßÚ Ã ̧a ¤–fl ·­ 

° ́æ¥·­ ̧·21  ̈ ̧·­ Æ ́¥a ©· ̈ ̧± ́ ̈ °Æ·±Æ 

°Æ±°±­ø¥ æa1⁄2ø ́­a  ̈ ̧a fl1a21⁄2ß TM·a©­  ̈ ̧·­ 

ø­ ø 2±21⁄2±2 ̈Æ±TMaÆ­·ø¥ ­ ́æ3· ̈ ̈ø¥ ø2o 

ø2 ̈·1⁄2·°ø ̈a­ 2± øoTMaÆ­a 1⁄2±33a2 ̈­Ú 

ÿ±©aTMaÆÙ ·2  ̈ ̧a °Æ±°±­ao Æ ́¥a­ ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 

±o  ̈ ̧·­ ⁄aoaÆø¥ Œa1·­ ̈aÆ ° ́æ¥·1⁄2ø ̈·±2Ù 

¤–fl ·­ ° ́æ¥·­ ̧·21 ø ­a°øÆø ̈a o±1⁄2 ́3a2 ̈ 

 ̈ ̧ø ̈ ©·¥¥ ­aÆTMa ø­  ̈ ̧a °Æ±°±­ø¥  ̈± 

ø°°Æ±TMa  ̈ ̧a Õ×– ÆaTM·­·±2 ­ ̧± ́¥o øoTMaÆ­a 

1⁄2±33a2 ̈­ æa o·¥aoÚ Ã ̧·­ Æ ́¥a ©·¥¥ æa 

aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÏÙ ÓððÌ ©· ̈ ̧± ́ ̈ o ́Æ ̈ ̧aÆ 

2± ̈·1⁄2a  ́2¥a­­  ̈ ̧a fl1a21⁄2ß Æa1⁄2a·TMaøoTMaÆ­a 1⁄2±33a2 ̈­ æß ÷ ́¥ß ÌÙ ÓððÌÚ 

×o  ̈ ̧a ¤–fl Æa1⁄2a·TMa­ ­ ́1⁄2 ̧ 1⁄2±33a2 ̈­Ù 

 ̈ ̧a2 ¤–fl ©·¥¥ ° ́æ¥·­ ̧ ø o±1⁄2 ́3a2 ̈ 

©· ̈ ̧oÆø©·21  ̈ ̧a o·2ø¥ Æ ́¥a ø2o 

·2o±Æ3·21  ̈ ̧a ° ́æ¥·1⁄2  ̈ ̧ø ̈  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a ©·¥¥ 

2± ̈  ̈øμa aooa1⁄2 ̈Ú fl¥¥ ° ́æ¥·1⁄2 1⁄2±33a2 ̈­ 

Æa1⁄2a·TMao ©·¥¥  ̈ ̧a2 æa øooÆa­­ao ·2 ø 

­ ́æ­aØ ́a2 ̈ o·2ø¥ Æ ́¥a æø­ao ±2  ̈ ̧a 

°Æ±°±­ao Æ ́¥aÚ Ã ̧a ¤–fl ©·¥¥ 2± ̈ 

·2­ ̈· ̈ ́ ̈a ø ­a1⁄2±2o 1⁄2±33a2 ̈ °aÆ·±oÚ 

–øÆ ̈·a­ ·2 ̈aÆa­ ̈ao ·2 1⁄2±33a2 ̈·21 ­ ̧± ́¥o 

o± ­± ø ̈  ̈ ̧·­  ̈·3aÚ ×o 2± ­ ́1⁄2 ̧ 1⁄2±33a2 ̈­ 

øÆa Æa1⁄2a·TMaoÙ  ̈ ̧a ° ́æ¥·1⁄2 ·­ øoTM·­ao  ̈ ̧ø ̈ 

 ̈ ̧·­ Æ ́¥a ©·¥¥ æa aooa1⁄2 ̈·TMa ±2 fl ́1 ́­ ̈ ÏÙ 

ÓððÌ ø2o 2± o ́Æ ̈ ̧aÆ ø1⁄2 ̈·±2 ©·¥¥ æa  ̈øμa2 

±2  ̈ ̧a °Æ±°±­ao Æ ́¥aÚ –¥aø­a 2± ̈a  ̈ ̧ø ̈ ·o 

©a Æa1⁄2a·TMa øoTMaÆ­a 1⁄2±33a2 ̈ ±2 ø2 

ø3a2o3a2 ̈Ù °øÆø1Æø° ̧Ù ±Æ ­a1⁄2 ̈·±2 ±o 

 ̈ ̧·­ Æ ́¥a ø2o ·o  ̈ ̧ø ̈ °Æ±TM·­·±2 3øß æa 

­aTMaÆao oÆ±3  ̈ ̧a Æa3ø·2oaÆ ±o  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥aÙ 

©a 3øß øo±° ̈ ø­ o·2ø¥  ̈ ̧±­a °Æ±TM·­·±2­ 

±o  ̈ ̧a Æ ́¥a  ̈ ̧ø ̈ øÆa 2± ̈  ̈ ̧a ­ ́æ¶a1⁄2 ̈ ±o ø2 

øoTMaÆ­a 1⁄2±33a2 ̈Ú 

 aÆ‹ø ̈a ÷ø2‰ÌÔ‚ÓððÌ ÔÏÊÔÏ ÷ ́2 ðÓÙ ÓððÌ ÷μ ̈ ÓððððÔ –— ððððð ⁄Æ3 ðððÎÏ ⁄3 ̈ ÏÈðð Õo3 ̈ ÏÈðð ¤Êƒ⁄Œƒ⁄”ƒðÌ÷“ŒÔÚÕŸ” ðÌ÷“ŒÔ