## Standards of Performance for **Gr eenhouse Gas Emissions fr** **om New Stationary Sour** **ces: Electric Utility Generating Units Response to Comments on January 8, 2014 Pr** **oposed Rule**

**U.S. Environmental Protection Agency**

**August 3, 2015**1

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## Chapter **1 Contents**  1.1 Introduction

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 3 1.2 Background

................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 4 1.3 Stakeholder Engagement
................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 4 1.4 Public Comments

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 5 1.5 Organization of This Document

................................ ................................ ......................... 251

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### 1.1 **INTRODUCTION** This document provides the Environmental Protection’s (EPA’s) responses to public comments on the Proposed Standards of Performanc e for Greenhouse Gas Emissions f rom New Stationary Sources: Electric Utility Generating Units. The Notice of Proposed Rulemaking was published in the Federal Register on January 8, 2013, at 79 FR 1430. The EPA received comments on the proposed rule via mail, e

- mail, facsimile, and at a public hearings held in Washington, DC on February 6, 2014 . Copies of all comments submitted and transcripts for the public hearings are available electronically

through http://www.regulations.gov by searching Docket ID: EPA

- HQ

OAR

- 2013

- 0495

. On June 18, 2 014, the EPA proposed standards of performance to limit emissions of CO 2 from modified and reconstructed fossil fuel

- fired electric utility steam generating units and natural gas - fired stationary

c ombustion turbines (79 FR 34959 ). This document only contai ns responses to comments on the January 8, 2014 proposal. A separate Response

- to
- Comments document has been develop ed for comments on the June 18, 2014 proposal. The EPA refers to the standards of performance for new, modified and reconstructed fossil fue l

fired EGUs as the ‘Carbon Pollution Standards’. The Response

- to
- Comments Document, together with the preamble to the final Carbon Pollution Standards, presents the responses of the EPA to the more than two million public comments received on the proposal s described above. The EPA has addressed all significant issues raised in the public comments. As a result of changes made to the preamble and final rule prior to signature, and due to the volume of comments received, some responses in the Response

- to
- Comm ents Documents may not reflect the language in the preamble and final rule in every respect. Where the response is in conflict with the preamble or the final rule, the language in the final preamble and rule controls and should be used for purposes of unde rstanding the scope, requirements, and basis of the final rule. In addition, due to the large number of comments that addressed similar issues, as well as the volume of the comments received, the Response

- to
- Comments Document s do not alway s cross - reference each response to the commenter(s) who raised the particular issue involved. The responses presented in this document are intended to augment the responses to comments that appear in the preamble to the final rule or to address comments not discussed in th at preamble. Although portions of the preamble to the final rule are paraphrased in this document where useful to add clarity to responses, the preamble itself remains the definitive statement of the rationale for the revisions adopted in the final rule. In many instances, particular responses presented in the Response

- to
- Comments Document s include cross references to responses on related issues that are located either in the preamble to the Carbon Pollution Standards , the Technical Support Document s , or el sewhere in the Response

- to
- Comments Document s . All issues on which the EPA is taking final action in the Carbon Pollution Standards are addressed in the Carbon Pollution Standards rulemaking record. Accordingl y, the Response

- to
- Comments Document s , together with the preamble to the Carbon Pollution Standards and the information contained in the Technical Support Documents, and the rest of the administrative record should be considered collectivel y as the agency ’s response to all of the significant comments submitted on the two propos als described above . The Response

- to
Comments Document s incorporate directl y or b y reference the significant public comments1

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addressed in the preamble to the Carbon Pollution Standards as well as other significant public comments that were submitted on the proposed rule. 

### 1.2 **BACKGROUND** On April 13, 2012, the EPA initially proposed standards under CAA section 111 (b) for newl y constructed fossil fuel

- fired electric utility steam generating units (77 FR 22392). The EPA withdrew that proposal on January 8, 2014 (79 FR 1352), and, on the same day , proposed the standards addressed in the final rule associated with this response

- to
- comments (RTC) document. Specificall y, the EPA proposed standards of performance under CAA section 111 (b) to limit emissions of CO 2 from newl y constructed fossil fuel

- fired electric utility steam generating units and newly constructed natural gas

- fired stationary combustion turbines. In support of the January 2014 proposal, on February 26, 2014, the EPA p ublished a notice of data availability

(NODA) (79 FR 10750). Through the NODA and an associated technical support document, Effect of EPAct05 on Best Sy stem of Emission Reduction for New Power Plants, the EPA solicited comment on its interpretation of the provisions in the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct05) , including how the provisions may affect the rationale for the EPA’s proposed determination that partial CCS is the best sy stem of emission reduction adequatel y demonstrated for fossil fuel

- fired electric utility steam generating units. On June 18, 2014, the EPA proposed standards of performance to limit emissions of CO 2 from modified and reconstructed fossil fuel

- fired electric utility steam generating units and natural gas - fired stationary

combustion turbines (79 FR 34959; June 2014 proposal). Specificall y, the EPA proposed standards of performance for: (1) modified fossil fuel

- fired electric utility steam generating units, (2) modified natural gas

- fired stationary combustion turbines, (3) reconstructed fossil fuel

- fired electric utility steam generating units, and (4) reconstructed natural gas

- fired stationary combustion turbines. 

### 1.3 **STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEME NT**  The EPA engaged extensively with a broad range of stakeholders and the general public regarding climate change, carbon pollution from power plants, and carbon pollution reduction opportunities. These stakeholders included industry and electric utility

representatives, state and local officials, tribal officials, labor unions, non

- governmental organization s and many others. In February

and March 2011, earl y in the process of developing carbon pollution standards for new power plants, the EPA held five listening sessions to obtain information and input from key stakeholders and the public. Each of the five sessions had a particular target audience: the electric power industry , environmental and environmental justice organizations, states and tribes, coalition groups, and the petroleum refinery industry

. The EPA conducted subsequent outreach prior to the June 2014 proposals of standards for modified and reconstructed EGUs and emission guidelines for existing EGUs, as well as during the public comment periods for the proposals. Although this stakeholder outreach was primaril y framed around the GHG emission guid elines for existing EGUs, the outreach encompassed issues relevant to this rulemaking and provided an opportunity for the EPA to better understand1

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previous state and stakeholder experience with reducing CO 2 emissions in the power sector. In addition to 11 public listening sessions, the EPA held hundreds of meetings with individual stakeholder groups, and meetings that brought together a variety of stakeholders to discuss a wide range of issues related to the electricity sector and regulation of GHGs under the CAA. The agency met with electric utility

associations and electricity grid operators. Agency officials engaged with labor unions and with leaders representing large and small industries, many of which have been utilities and industry representatives di rectl y related to the electricity sector. The agency

also met with energy

industries such as coal and natural gas interests, as well as with representatives of energy intensive industries, such as the iron and steel and aluminum industries, to help underst and the potential concerns of large industrial purchasers of electricity. In addition, the agency

met with companies that offer new technology to prevent or reduce carbon pollution. The agency

provided and encouraged multiple opportunities for engagement w ith state, local, tribal, and regional environmental and energy agencies. The EPA also met with representatives of environmental justice organizations, environmental groups, and religious organizations. 

### 1.4 **PUBLIC COMMENTS** The EPA received more than 2.5 millio n comments submitted in response to the original April 2012 proposal for newly

constructed fossil fuel

- fired EGUs. Because the original proposal was withdrawn, the EPA instructed commenters that wanted their comments on the April 2012 proposal to be consid ered in connection with the January 2014 proposal to submit new comments to the EPA or to re

- submit their previous comments. We received more comments in response to the January

2014 proposal

. The EPA has given stakeholder input provided prior to the propo sals, as well as during the public comment periods for each proposal, careful consideration during the development of the final rule and, as a result, it includes elements that are responsive to many stakeholder concerns and that enhance the rule. This pre amble and the Response

- to
- Comments (RTC) document summarize and provide the agency ’s responses to the comments received. Upon publication of the January 8, 2014 proposal for newl y constructed fossil fuel

- fired EGUs, the EPA offered a 60

- day public comm ent period. On March 6, 2014, in order to provide the public additional time to submit comments and supporting information, the EPA extended the comment period b y 60 days, to May 9, 2014, giving stakeholders over 120 days to review, and comment upon, the J anuary 2014 proposal, as well as the NODA. A public hearing was held on February 6, 2014, with 159 speakers presenting testimony

. The EPA received more than 2 million comments on the proposed standards for newl y constructed fossil fuel

- fired EGUs from a range of stakeholders that included industry and electric utility

representatives, trade groups, equipment manufacturers, state and local government officials, academia, environmental organizations, and various interest groups. The agency received comments on a range of topics, including the determination that a new highl y efficient steam generating EGU implementing partial CCS was the BSER for such sources, the level of the CO 2 standard based on implementation of partial CCS, the criteria that defines which newly constructed natural gas

- fired stationary combustion turbines will be subject to standards, the establishment of subcategories based on combustion turbine size, and the rule’s potential1

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effects on the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) pre construction permit program and title V operating permit program. Table 1 presents the list of public commenters.
**Table 1. List of Commenters Cited in this Summary Document Submitting Comments to EPA Air and Radiation Docket Number EPA**  **- HQ**  **- OAR** **- 2013**  **- 0495 Re**  **garding Standards of Performance for GHG Emissions from New EGUs (Proposed January 8, 2014, 79 FR 1430)**  **EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 0192 Media Production Center, Wildlife Conservation Society 0296 Hunton & Williams 0401 Sorgo Fuels 0583 Private Citizen 0585 Chamber of Commerce 0586 The Board of the Douglas County Global Warming Coalition 0587 Twin Valley s Public Power District 0588 Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI) 0636 ClearStack Power, LLC 0775 Pax World Management LLC 0782 North Carolina Conservation Network 0783 Trillium Asset Management, LLC 0784 Kansas House of Representatives 0785 Private Citizen 0825 Private Citizen 0827 Private Citizen 0829 The Young Democrats of America (YDA) 0830 The Association of Union Constructors (TAUC) 0833 Private Citizen 0834 Novetas Solutions, LLC 0836 Advocacy Department, Mass Audubon 0837 Private Citizen 0838 IC LEI Local Governments for Sustainability USA 0840 Navajo County District III1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 0915 Georgia Interfaith Power & Light 0933 Long Island Sierra Club 1386 Private Citizen 1419 Friends United for a Safe Environment (FUSE) 1508 Private Citizen 1510 Committee For A Constructive Tomorrow (CFACT) 1511 Arlington County Board 1512 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) 1529 Public Health Institute (PHI) 1530 New Progressive Alliance (NPA) 1612 Sustainable Community Initiatives and Community Forklift, LL C 1624 Distinguished University Teaching Professor 1635 Private Citizen 1637 Envirometrics, Inc. 1650 Private Citizen 1652 Private Citizen 1658 Private Citizen 1678 Private Citizen 1681 Burrell Mining Products, Inc. 1695 Mission Economic Development Corporation 1747 Climate Solutions

- Practical Solutions to Global Warming 1871 Medical Advocates for Healthy Air (MAHA) 1884 Private Citizen 1889 Private Citizen 1896 Kentucky Environmental Foundation 1898 The Sy nthesis Foundation 1899 First Energy 1900 University of Minnesota Duluth 1901 Private Citizen1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 1902 American Public Power Association (APPA) 1959 National Rural Electric Cooperative (NRECA) 1961 Private Citizen 1974 Clean Energy Action 1975 Coalition on the Environment and Jewish Life (COEJL) et

al. 2059 League of Women Voters of the San Antonio Area (LMV) 2107 Private Citizen 2227 ClearStack Power, LLC 2228 Sierra Club 2329 Value the Verde Ecotourism 2470 Florida Public Service Commission 2471 City Water Light & Power 2472 Missouri Public Service Commission (MoPSC) 2512 League of Women Voters of the United States 2525 New Progressive Alliance 2572 Waupaca Coalition for Public Response, Inc. (WCPR) 2658 Institute for 21st Century Energy , U.S. Chamber of

Commerce 2674 Monmouth County Audubon Society 2741 Blue Planet, LLC 2771 Private Citizen 2864 State of North Dakota Public Service Commission 2980 Climate Parents 2981 Coal Utilization Research Council (CURC) 2983 SanDiego350.org 2984 Sempra Energy 3043 Interfaith Power & Light 3093 Greater Pittsburgh Chamber of Commerce 3107 Plano Chamber of Commerce 3175 PW Power Systems (PWPS)1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 3176 Alabama Public Service Commission (APSC) 3179 Mesa County Board of County

Commissioners 3180 Utah Phy sicians for a Healthy Environment (UPHE) 3236 American Farm Bureau Federation 3353 Azul et al. 3360 Energy Producing States Coalition (EPSC) 3593 The Energy and Environmental Law Institute (E&E Legal) & The Free Market Environmental Law Clinic (FMEL C) 3594 Oregonians for Renewable Energy Progress (OREP) 3862 Occidental Chemical Corporation 4619 ClearStack Power LLC 4625 Private Citizen 4634 Institute for 21st Century Energy ,U.S. Chamber of

Commerce 4710 Minnkota Power Cooperative, Inc. 4711 Dresser
- Rand 4814 Southern States Energy Board (SSEB) 4845 Guam Power Authority 4846 The Center for Regulatory Effectiveness 4867 Resources for the Future 4926 State of Indiana House of Representatives 4927 State of Indiana Senate 5156 Office of Attorney General, State of West Virginia 5512 Chamber of Commerce, Frisco, Texas 5532 Building Materials Reuse Association 5537 Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management

(NESCAUM), Arthur N. Marin 5567 Missoula City

- County Air Pollution Control Board 5599 Clean Air Markets LLC 5602 Citizens Hearing, Virginia Chapter of the Sierra Club1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 5604 Bossier Parish Police Jury 5605 Citizens Hearing, Southern Alliance for Clean Energy et al. 5606 Citizens Hearing, Clean Air Carolina and North Carolina

Conservation Network 5630 Great Lakes Metro Chambers Coalition 5631 Mississippi Energy Institute 5731 Division of Environment, Kansas Department of Health

and Environment (KDHE) 5732 Environmental Law Project (ELP), University of Pennsylvania Law School 5746 Private Citizen 6115 Private Citizen 6273 Private Citizen 6501 The United States Conference of Mayors 6505 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Sy stems Americas, Inc.

(MHPSA) 6538 League of Women Voters of Santa Barbara 6564 Apex Compressed Energy Storage, LL C 6870 Division of Environment, Kansas Department of Health

and Environment (KDHE) 6871 Pennsylvania Senate Coal Caucus 6948 West Virginia Chamber of Commerce 6949 Energy Producing States Coalition (EPSC) 6962 Waupaca Coalition for Public Response 7017 L. Ramos
- Hernandez 7433 Public Utilities Commission of Ohio (PUCO) 7475 Alaska Power Association (APA) 7502 Garden Club of America (GCA) 7503 Douglas County Global Warming Coalition, Oregon 7533 Wyoming Machinery Company1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 7540 The Clean Energy Group 7893 Alaska Power Association (APA) 7976 Californians for Rational Regulation 7977 Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet 7990 Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) 7994 Missouri River Energy Services (MRES) and Western Minnesota Municipal Power Agency 8009 Berthold Klein 8020 National Tribal Air Association (NTAA) 8022 Utility Air Regulatory

Group (UARG) 8023 Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP),

Mark J. Sedlacek 8024 Unions for Jobs and Environmental Progress (UJEP) 8032 Western Farmers Electric Cooperative (WFEC) 8079 Industrial Contractors Inc. 8348 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. (B&W),

Kiplin C. Alexander 8349 Illinois Municipal Electric Agency (IMEA) 8487 Defenders of Wildlife 8501 Indiana Coal Council, Inc. 8742 Georgia Farm Bureau 8743 Excelsior Energy , Inc. 8906 Nebraska Farm Bureau Federation (NFBF) 8909 National Association of Clean Air Agencies (NACAA),

Stu Clark and L arry

Greene 8911 Californian's for Rational Regulation 8918 Great River Energy , Mary Jo Roth 8923 North American Coal Corporation 8924 Center for Rural Affairs 8925 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. (EPRI)1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 8937 Black Hills Corporation (BHC) 8939 Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa 8944 Solar Turbines Incorporated, Leslie Witherspoon 8947 Algenol Biofuels Inc. 8948 Delaware Solid Waste Authority (DSWA), Angela D. Marconi 8949 Enefit American Oil 8952 Gas Turbine Association (GTA), William H. Day 8954 American Coal Council (ACC) 8955 Campbell County Conservation District (CCCD) 8956 National Association of County and City Health Officials 8957 Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

(DEP) , E. Christopher Abruzzo 8958 Florida Electric Power Coordinating Group Environmental

Committee (FCG

- EC) 8964 City of Jackson, Ohio 8966 Pennsylvania Coal Alliance (PCA), John Pippy 8967 Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation 8968 Office of the Commissioner of Securities and Insurance,

Montana State 8969 City of Orville, Ohio 8970 Village of Ply mouth 8971 Ohio Coal Association 8972 Business Council for Sustainable Energy (BCSE)

- Li sa

Jacobson 8973 Orrville Utilities, Jeff Brediger 8974 Oklahoma Municipal Power Authority (OMPA), David

W. Osburn 8995 Borough of Smethport 9001 Surry

- Yadkin EMC 9002 Domtar Corporation 9003 South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental

Control (DHEC)1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 9004 Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) 9033 Alstom 9034 Buckeye Power, Inc. 9035 Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (C2ES) 9042 Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment 9047 Private Citizen 9107 ARCTECH Inc. 9190 Pocahontas Land Corporation 9191 Kentucky Coal Association (KCA) 9192 We Energies 9193 Io wa Farm Bureau Federation 9194 Florida Municipal Electric Association (FMEA) 9195 Committee on Science, Space, and Technology , U.S.

House of Representatives 9196 Electric Reliability Coordinating Council (ERCC) 9197 International Brotherhood of Boilermakers 9198 Waste Management (WM) 9201 National Mining Association (NMA) 9202 Eco
- Justice Ministries 9317 Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD) 9318 Village of Oak Harbor 9319 National Mining Association (NMA) 9320 Seminole Electric Cooperative, Inc. 9321 ARIPPA 9326 Institute of Clean Air Companies (ICAC) 9381 NextEra Energy , Inc. 9382 Hoosier Energy Rural Electric Cooperative 9396 Alliance for Fuel Options, Reliability and Diversity (AFFORD) 9397 Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** (MDEQ) 9398 Private Citizen 9401 Industrial Energy Consumers of America (IECA) 9403 Power4Georgians, LLC (P4G) 9406 Exelon Corporation 9407 Southern I llinois Power Cooperative (SIPC) 9408 JEA 9409 National Alliance of Forest Owners (NAFO) 9422 Omaha Public Power District (OPPD) 9423 Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) , Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUC), and Railroad Commission of Texas (RRC) 9424 Colorado Springs Utilities 9425 Dominion Resources Services, Inc. 9426 Duke Energy Business Services, LLC 9427 Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia (MEAG) 9428 Western Farmers Electric Cooperative 9469 Powder River Basin Resource Council 9471 PPl Services Corporation 9472 American Coalition for Clean Coal Electricity (ACCCE) 9486 Indiana Department of Environmental Management 9487 Southeastern Legal Foundation, Inc. 9494 National Federation of In dependent Business (NFIB) 9496 Western Organization of Resource Councils (WORC) 9497 Mississippi Public Service Commission (MPSC) 9498 Murray Energy Corporation (Murray

Energy) 9499 Golden Spread Electric Cooperative, Inc 9500 American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) 9503 International District Energy Association (IDEA)1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 9504 National Environmental Development Association/Clean

Air Project (NEDA/CAP) 9505 State of West Virginia Office of Attorney General, State Nebraska Office of Attorney General, et al. 1 9507 City Utilities of Springfield, Missouri (CU) 9508 City of New York 9509 Energy Recovery

Council (ERC) 9510 American Fuel & Petrochemical (AFPM) and American

Petroleum Institute (API) 9512 The SSM Coalition 9513 Sierra Club 9514 Sierra Club 9515 Institute for Policy Integrity 9589 The League of Women Voters of Texas 9590 Utah Mining Association (UMA) 9591 Public Service Enterprise Group, Inc. (PSEG) and The

Clean Energy

Group 9592 Gainesville Regional Utilities (GRU) 9593 Xcel Energy Inc. 9594 Forging Industry Association (FIA) 9595 Tennessee Electric Cooperative Association (TECA) 9596 Santee Cooper 9597 Consumers Energy Company 9599 Tri

- State Generation and Transmission Association, Inc.,

Sunflower Electric Power Corporation 9600 Minnkota Power Cooperative, INC.

1 This comment letter wa s submitted by State of West Virginia Office of Attorney General, State Nebraska Office of Attorney General, State Alabama Office of Attorney General , State of Alaska Office of Attorney General , State of Arizona Office of Attorney General , State of Georgia Office of Attorney General , State of Kansas Office of Attorney General , State of Kentucky Office of Attorney General , State of Louisiana Office of Attorney General , State of Michigan Office of Attorney General , State of North Dakota Offi ce of Attorney General , State of Ohio Office of Attorney General

.1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 9601 North Dakota Association of Rural Electric Cooperatives

(NDAREC) 9602 Nebraska Public Power District (NPPD) 9646 Delaware Department of Natural Resources and

Environmental Control on the Environmental Protection (DNREC) 9648 Division of Air Quality (DAQ), North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) 9649 Kansas City Board of Public Utilities, Unified Government of W yandotte County , Kansas City , Kansas 9650 The Ronald Reagan Legal Center, Landmark Legal

Foundation 9654 LPP Combustion, LL C 9655 Partnership for a Better Energy Future 9656 Natural Gas Suppl y Association (NGSA) 9657 American Action Forum (AAF) 9660 Eleven States' Attorney Generals 9661 Tampa Electric Company (TEC) 9664 Clean Air Task Force (CATF) 9665 General Electric Company (GE) 9666 Utility Air Regulatory

Group (UARG), Hunton & Williams LLP 9667 GE Energy Financial Services on behalf of EFS Shady Hills, LL C 9668 GE Energy Financial Services on behalf of Cogen Technologies Linden Venture, L.P. 9671 City of Piqua, Ohio 9672 City of Piqua, Ohio 9675 BioProcess Algae (BPA) 9676 Biomass Power Association 9677 Cleco Corporation 9678 America’s Natural Gas Alliance (ANGA) 9681 Environmental Defense Fund, et al.1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 9682 United States Senate, Oklahoma 9683 CCS Alliance 9684 Competitive Enterprise Institute (CEI) 9685 A. G. Randol III 9686 A. G. Randol III 9687 A. G. Randol III 9723 Montana
- Dakota Utilities, Co. 9725 Ambre Energy 9730 California Air Pollution Control Officers Association

(CAPCOA) 9731 Independent Petroleum Association of America (IPAA) 9733 American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA) and

American Wood Council (AWC) 9734 East Kentucky Power Cooperative (EKPC) 9735 United States Senate, North Dakota 9736 City of Hubbard 9737 A.G. Randol 9765 Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality (WDEQ) 9766 Algae Biotechnology Organization (ABO) 9767 Cass County Electric Cooperative Inc. 9768 Accelergy Corporation 9769 NorthWestern Energy 9770 Minnesota Municipal Utilities Association (MMUA) 9771 California Air Resources Board (ARB) 9772 Treasure State Resource Industry Association (TSRIA) 9773 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) 9774 Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) 9775 Salt L ake City, Utah 9776 National Mining Association (NMA) 9777 Luminant1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 9779 Puget Sound Energy (PSE) 9780 Edison Electric Institute (EEI), Quinlan J. Shea 10017 Ohio EPA 10020 Heat Mining Company LLC 10021 Heat Mining Company LLC 10022 Golden Valley Electric Association (GVEA) 10023 Kansas City Power & Li ght Company (KCP&L) 10024 Missouri Joint Municipal Electric Utility Commission (MJMEUC) 10025 Our Children's Trust 10026 Bioenergy Association of California (BAC) 10027 Coalition For Renewable Natural Gas (RNGC) 10028 State of South Dakota 10029 Sapphire Energy 10030 Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative Inc. 10031 Oglethorpe Power 10032 Id aho Farm Bureau Federation 10033 American Water Works Association 10034 The George Washington University Regulatory

Studies Center 10035 Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) 10036 Coal Utilization Research Council (CURC) 10038 CHP Association 10039 Ameren Corporation 10040 Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) et. al 10041 Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) et. al 10042 Center for Biological Diversity (CBD) et. al 10043 Indiana Municipal Power Agency (IMPA) 10044 Energy and Environment Le gal Institute (EELI) and Free Market Environmental Law Clinic (FMELC) 10045 Biogenic CO2 Coalition1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 10046 Murray Energy Corporation 10047 Regional Air Pollution Control Agency 10048 Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power

District (SRP) 10049 Private Citizen 10050 Arizona Mining Association (AMA) 10051 Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA) 10052 Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company 10053 America's Electric Cooperatives 10082 Georgia Public Service Commission 10083 WEST Associates 10084 Competitive Enterprise Institute 10085 American Chemistry Council (ACC) 10086 Old Dominion Electric Cooperative (ODEC) 10087 Institute for Energy Research 10088 Li gnite Energy Council 10089 Office of the People's Counsel for the District of Columbia 10090 National Wildlife Federation (NWF) 10091 Cato Institute 10092 Ohio Utility Group 10093 Yale Environmental Law Association, 2013

- 2014 Student

Board 10094 Illinois Farm Bureau 10095 Southern Company 10096 House of Representatives, Congress of the United States 10097 Associated Electric Cooperative, Incorporated (AECI) 10098 AFPM & API 10099 United States Senate, Committee on Environment and

Public Works United States Senate 10100 Class of ’85 Regulatory Response Group 10102 Arizona Public Service Company1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 10103 Navajo Nation Environmental Protection Agency 10104 Consumer Energy Alliance 10105 Nevada Division of Environmental Protection (NDEP) 10106 Clean Wisconsin 10108 Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), Natural Resources

Defense Council (NRDC), Western Resource Advocates (WRA) 10119 Center for Biological Diversity , Friends of the Earth,

Chesapeake Climate Action Network and Greenpeace USA 10131 National Waste & Recycling Association and Solid Waste

Association of North America (SWANA) 10134 Indiana

- Kentucky Electric Corporation (IKEC), Ohio Valley Electric Corporation (OVEC) 10135 Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission (PAPUC) 10136 Partnership for Policy Integrity (PFPI) 10137 Carbon Sequestration Council (CSC) 10141 Unknown 10237 Concentrating Solar Power Alliance 10238 Wabash Valley Power Association (WVPA) 10239 National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), et al. 10240 Arizona Departmetn of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) 10241 A.G. Randol 10242 SCANA Corporation 10243 DTE Energy 10294 Falkirk Mining Company 10296 Private Citizen 10301 U.S. House of Representatives 10304 Private Citizen 10358 Northwest Iowa Power Cooperative 10374 The Green Party of the United States1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 10387 South Mississippi Electric (SME) 10388 Associated Industries of Missouri 10389 Siemens Energy , Inc. 10390 El Paso Electric Company 10391 Southeastern Legal Foundation, Inc. (SLF) 10392 City of St. Mary ’s Ohio 10393 Manitowoc Public Utilities (MPU) 10394 South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) 10395 Basin Electric Power Cooperative 10396 Office of the Governor, Wyoming 10397 Energy Recovery

Council (ERC) 10398 Montana Public Service Commission 10466 TransAlta Centralia Generation, LLC (TCG) 10466 TransAlta Centralia Generation, LLC (TCG) 10499 Center for Biological Diversity , Friends of the Earth,

Chesapeake Climate Action Network and Greenpeace USA 10500 Arkansas Electric Cooperative Corporation (AECC) 10501 San Miguel Electric Cooperative, In c. 10502 The Right Climate Stuff (TRCS) Research Team 10503 National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), et al. 10504 Aurora Energy , LLC 10518 Cape Hatteras Electric Cooperative 10520 Otter Tail Power Company 10525 Tribal Environmental Policy Center (TEPC) 10527 Private Citizen 10551 Arizona’s Generation and Transmission Cooperatives

(AzGT) 10552 Arch Coal, Inc 10553 New York State Caucus of Environmental Legislators

(NYSCEL), 10554 FirstEnergy1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 10555 Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce (WMC) 10556 Gulf Coast Lignite Coalition (GCL C), Jackson Walker

L. L.P. 10557 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 10594 Private Citizen 10606 Golder Associates Inc. 10607 West Virginia Coal Association (WVCA) 10608 Montana Electric Cooperatives' Association (MECA) 10615 Gulf Coast Lignite Coalition (GCL C), Jackson Walker

L. L.P. 10617 Audubon New York 10618 American Electric Power (AEP) 10619 Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality 10620 Forest County Potawatomi Community 10621 Portland General Electric Company (PGE) 10660 The Air Permitting Forum 10661 Competitive Enterprise Institute 10662 West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection 10663 Oglethorpe Power Corporation 10664 Arizona State University 10665 Utah Associated Municipal Power Sy stems (UAMPS) 10667 Texas Mining and Reclamation Association (TMRA) 10668 Texas Mining and Reclamation Association (TMTA) 10670 Marathon Petroleum Company LP 10676 Guam Power Authority 10680 Alliance Coal, LLC 10681 Department of Ecology , State of Washington 10682 Alliance for Industrial Efficiency 10693 American Lung Association 10765 G. Y. Sugi yama 10785 60 plus1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 10786 North American Carbon Capture & Storage Association

(NACCSA) 10788 PowerSouth Energy Cooperative 10791 Tampa Electric Company (TEC) 10869 Union of Concerned Scientists 10870 North Dakota Department of Health, Division of Air

Quality 10876 Borough of Hatfield, Pennsylvania 10877 EFS Shady Hills LLC 10878 Florida Municipal Electric Association (FMEA) 10879 South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental

Control 10880 Western Fuels Association Inc. 10881 California Department of Justice 10928 Illinois Coal Association (I CA) 10929 Minnesota Power (ALLETE) 10930 Utah Phy sicians for a Healthy Environment (UPHE) 10930 Utah Phy sicians for a Healthy Environment (UPHE) 10950 Cogen Technologies Linden Venture, L.P. 10951 Peabody Energy Company 10952 The National Rural Electric Cooperative Association 10953 Southern Environmental Law Center et al. 10961 Private Citizen 10962 Deseret Power Electric Cooperative 10963 Rosebud Mining Company 10965 Association of Electric Companies of Texas ("AECT") 10966 Law Office 10967 Mississippi Manufacturers Association (MMA) 10974 Colorado Mining Association (CMA) 10975 Natural Resource Partners LP 10991 Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD)1

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**EPA -**  **HQ -**  **OAR -**  **2013 -**  **0495 Document No.**  **Name and Affiliation** 11005 Clean Air Task Force (CATF) 11036 Private Citizen 11051 Private Citizen 11052 Private Citizen 11053 Private Citizen 11054 Private Citizen 11056 Michigan House of Representatives 11057 Brattleboro Town Clerk 11058 City of Long Beach 11062 Hallador Energy Co. 11063 Regency Energy Partners dba PVR Partners L.P. 11083 Covanta 11105 Private Citizen 11134 S. Fakhari 11184 Public Hearing Rm A 2

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- 2014 11221 Public Hearing Rm B 2

- 6

- 20141

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### 1.5 **ORGANIZ ATION OF THIS**  **DOCUMENT** This RTC document is organized into Chapters as follows: Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Legal Issues Chapter 3: Costs and Benefits Chapter 4: Climate Science, Rational Basis Anal ysis and Endangerment Chapter 5: Applicability to New EGUs, IGCC, and CTs Chapter 6 : Standards for Utility Boilers and IGCC Units Chapter 7 : Standards for Stationary Combustion Turbines Chapter 8 : Other Configurations and Fuels Chapter 9: Other Rules and Programs Chapter 10: Issues for which EPA Requested Comments Chapter 11: Monitoring and Compliance Chapter 12 : Recordkeeping and Reporting Chapter 13 : Startup, Shutdown and Malfunction Chapter 14 : Statutory

and Executive Orders Chapter 15: General Provisions Chapter 16: Rule Language Chapter 17: Incorporation by Reference Chapter 18: General