Calendar No. 557

104TH CONGRESS

2D SESSION S. 1952

A BILL

Prevention Act of 1974, and for other purposes.

To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

AUGUST 1, 1996

Reported without amendment
II

Calendar No. 557

104TH CONGRESS

2D SESSION S. 1952

To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974,

and for other purposes.

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

JULY 12, 1996

Mr. THOMPSON (for himself and Mr. BIDEN) introduced the following bill;

which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

AUGUST 1, 1996

Reported by Mr. HATCH, without amendment

A BILL

To amend the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

Act of 1974, and for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the

5 ‘‘Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of

6 1996’’.
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1 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for

2 this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

TITLE I—AMENDMENTS TO THE JUVENILE JUSTICE AND

DELINQUENCY PREVENTION ACT OF 1974

Sec. 101. Findings and definitions.

Sec. 102. Juvenile justice and delinquency prevention.

Sec. 103. Authorization of appropriations for Runaway and Homeless Youth

Act.

Sec. 104. Repeals.

TITLE II—AMENDMENTS IN OTHER LAW

Sec. 201. Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988.

Sec. 202. Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990.

Sec. 203. Study and report by the National Academy of Sciences.

TITLE III—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Sec. 301. Study and report by the National Academy of Sciences.

Sec. 302. Technical and conforming amendments.

3 TITLE I—AMENDMENTS TO THE JUVENILE

4 JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVEN5 TION ACT OF 1974

6 SEC. 101. FINDINGS AND DEFINITIONS.

7 Title I of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Pre8 vention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) is amend9 ed—

10 (1) by striking sections 101 and 102 and insert11 ing the following:

12 ‘‘SEC. 101. FINDINGS.

13 ‘‘The Congress finds that—

14 ‘‘(1) recent statistics show a 60 percent in15 crease in murders committed by juveniles since

16 1984;
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1 ‘‘(2) youth who commit the most serious and

2 violent offenses are becoming more violent, younger

3 offenders are engaging in more violent acts, and the

4 number of violent youth offenders has tripled since

5 1985;

6 ‘‘(3) understaffed, overcrowded juvenile courts,

7 prosecutorial and public defender offices, probation

8 services, and correctional facilities and inadequately

9 trained staff in such courts, services, and facilities

10 are not able to provide individualized punishment or

11 effective help;

12 ‘‘(4) if recent violent crime rate trends con13 tinue, based on the projected growth of the teenage

14 population during the next decade, youth violence

15 will increase dramatically unless new, effective pre16 vention and control strategies are developed and im17 plemented;

18 ‘‘(5) illegitimacy, the decline of marriage, wel19 fare dependence, and youth violence are closely

20 interrelated;

21 ‘‘(6) there is a correlation between child abuse

22 and neglect and delinquency and violence;

23 ‘‘(7) child abuse has increased as the number of

24 babies born to drug-using parents has increased, and
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1 children of these parents are at great risk of becom2 ing violent;

3 ‘‘(8) child welfare agencies fail to break the

4 cycle between abuse and delinquency;

5 ‘‘(9) State and local communities that experi6 ence directly the devastating failures of the juvenile

7 justice system do not presently have sufficient tech8 nical expertise or adequate resources to deal com9 prehensively with the problems of juvenile delin10 quency;

11 ‘‘(10) the juvenile justice system has failed to

12 protect the public from violent youths, particularly

13 because a system of certain and graduated punish14 ment is often absent;

15 ‘‘(11) existing programs have not adequately re16 duced the increasing numbers of young people who

17 are addicted to or who abuse alcohol and other

18 drugs;

19 ‘‘(12) existing Federal programs have not fully

20 provided the research and evaluation necessary to

21 determine which programs designed to prevent youth

22 violence are effective, nor have they led to the most

23 effective dissemination of information regarding ef24 fective programs;
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1 ‘‘(13) prevention and intervention are more

2 likely to be effective when directed toward younger

3 children before they commit any offenses;

4 ‘‘(14) mandates on States under the Juvenile

5 Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974

6 have been administered in too inflexible a manner,

7 and have made the Act too focused on issues unre8 lated to preventing or punishing youth violence;

9 ‘‘(15) the juvenile justice system should give ad10 ditional attention to the problem of juveniles who

11 commit serious crimes and should give greater atten12 tion to halting early acts of juvenile delinquency;

13 ‘‘(16) the high incidence of youth violence in

14 the United States results in enormous annual cost

15 and immeasurable loss of human life, personal secu16 rity, and wasted human resources; and

17 ‘‘(17) youth violence constitutes a growing

18 threat to the national welfare requiring immediate

19 and comprehensive action by the Federal Govern20 ment to reduce and prevent youth violence.

21 ‘‘SEC. 102. PURPOSES.

22 ‘‘(a) PURPOSES.—It is the purpose of this Act—

23 ‘‘(1) to provide for the thorough and ongoing

24 scientific evaluation of all federally assisted juvenile

25 justice and delinquency prevention programs and re-
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1 search into effective means of preventing youth vio2 lence;

3 ‘‘(2) to provide technical assistance to public

4 and private nonprofit juvenile justice and delin5 quency prevention programs;

6 ‘‘(3) to establish a centralized research and

7 evaluation effort on the problems of youth violence,

8 including the dissemination of the findings of such

9 research and all data related to youth violence;

10 ‘‘(4) to establish a Federal assistance program

11 to deal with the problems of runaway and homeless

12 youth;

13 ‘‘(5) to assist State and local governments in

14 improving the administration of justice and services

15 for juveniles who enter the system;

16 ‘‘(6) to assist States and local communities to

17 prevent youth from becoming violent offenders; and

18 ‘‘(7) to assist State and local governments in

19 punishing and controlling violent youth offenders.

20 ‘‘(b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the

21 Congress to provide the necessary resources, leadership,

22 and coordination—

23 ‘‘(1) to develop an implement effective methods

24 of preventing and reducing youth violence;
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1 ‘‘(2) to develop and conduct effective programs

2 to prevent delinquency, to divert juveniles from the

3 traditional juvenile justice system and to provide

4 critically needed alternatives to institutionalization;

5 ‘‘(3) to improve the quality of juvenile justice in

6 the United States;

7 ‘‘(4) to increase the capacity of State and local

8 governments and public and private agencies to con9 duct effective juvenile justice and delinquency pre10 vention and rehabilitation programs and to provide

11 research, evaluation, and training services in the

12 field of juvenile delinquency prevention;

13 ‘‘(5) to encourage parental involvement in treat14 ment and alternative disposition programs;

15 ‘‘(6) to provide for coordination of services be16 tween State, local, and community-based agencies

17 and to promote interagency cooperation in providing

18 such services; and

19 ‘‘(7) to impose punishments, sanctions, and

20 control upon youth offenders.’’; and

21 (2) in section 103—

22 (A) in paragraph (4)(A), by inserting ‘‘title

23 I of’’ after ‘‘section 401 of’’;

24 (B) in paragraph (19), by striking sub25 paragraph (A) and redesignating subparagraphs
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1 (B) through (D) as subparagraphs (A) through

2 (C), respectively; and

3 (C) in paragraph (22), by redesignating

4 clauses (i) through (iii) as subparagraphs (A)

5 through (C), respectively.

6 SEC. 102. JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVEN7 TION.

8 Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Pre9 vention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5611 et seq.) is amend10 ed—

11 (1) in section 201—

12 (A) by striking ‘‘Office of Juvenile Justice

13 and Delinquency Prevention’’ and inserting

14 ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’; and

15 (B) by striking subsections (b) and (c) and

16 inserting the following:

17 ‘‘(b) ADMINISTRATOR.—The Office shall be headed

18 by an Administrator (hereafter in this title referred to as

19 the ‘Administrator’) who—

20 ‘‘(1) shall—

21 ‘‘(A) be a career appointee (as that term

22 is defined in section 3132(a)(4) of title 5, Unit23 ed States Code) having experience in juvenile

24 justice programs; and
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1 ‘‘(B) report to the head of the Office of

2 Justice Programs; and

3 ‘‘(2) may prescribe regulations consistent with

4 his Act to award, administer, modify, extend, termi5 nate, monitor, evaluate, reject, or deny all grants

6 and contracts from, and applications for, funds

7 made available under this title.’’;

8 (2) in section 204—

9 (A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘Unit10 ed States’’ and all that follows before the period

11 at the end of the paragraph and inserting the

12 following: ‘‘, and shall submit such plan to the

13 Congress’’;

14 (B) in subsection (b)—

15 (i) in paragraph (1), by adding ‘‘and’’

16 at the end; and

17 (ii) by striking paragraphs (2)

18 through (7) and inserting the following:

19 ‘‘(2) reduce duplication among Federal juvenile

20 delinquency programs and activities conducted by

21 Federal departments and agencies.’’;

22 (C) by redesignating subsection (h) as sub23 section (f); and

24 (D) by striking subsection (i);
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1 (3) by striking section 206 and redesignating

2 section 207 as section 206;

3 (4) in section 206, as redesignated—

4 (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘, includ5 ing’’ and all that follows through ‘‘Council’’;

6 (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and

7 with the plan’’ and all that follows before the

8 semicolon;

9 (C) by striking paragraph (4) and redesig10 nating paragraph (5) as paragraph (4); and

11 (D) in paragraph (4), as redesignated, by

12 striking ‘‘exemplary’’ and inserting ‘‘scientif13 ically evaluated and demonstrated effective’’;

14 (5) in section 221—

15 (A) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘coordi16 nating, and evaluating’’ and inserting ‘‘and co17 ordinating’’; and

18 (B) in subsection (b)—

19 (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘and

20 implementation’’ and all that follows before

21 the semicolon; and

22 (ii) in paragraph (2), by striking the

23 second sentence;

24 (6) in section 222—

25 (A) in subsection (a)—
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1 (i) in paragraph (2)(A)—

2 (I) by striking ‘‘(other than parts

3 D and E)’’;

4 (II) by striking ‘‘, up to

5 $400,000,’’ and inserting ‘‘up to

6 $400,000’’;

7 (III) by striking ‘‘1992’’ the first

8 place that term appears and inserting

9 ‘‘1996,’’;

10 (IV) by striking ‘‘, up to

11 $100,000,’’ and inserting ‘‘up to

12 $100,000’’; and

13 (V) by striking ‘‘1992’’ the sec14 ond place that term appears and in15 serting ‘‘1996’’;

16 (ii) in paragraph (2)(B)—

17 (I) by striking ‘‘(other than part

18 D)’’;

19 (II) by striking ‘‘, up to

20 $600,000,’’ and inserting ‘‘up to

21 $600,000’’;

22 (III) by striking ‘‘or such greater

23 amount, up to $600,000, as is avail24 able to be allocated if appropriations

25 have been enacted and made available
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1 to carry out parts D and E in the full

2 amounts authorized by section 299(a)

3 (1) and (3)’’;

4 (IV) by striking ‘‘, up to

5 $100,000,’’ and inserting ‘‘up to

6 $100,000’’; and

7 (V) by striking ‘‘1992’’ and in8 serting ‘‘1996,’’; and

9 (iii) in paragraph (3)—

10 (I) by striking ‘‘1992’’ each place

11 that term appears and inserting

12 ‘‘1996’’; and

13 (II) by striking ‘‘allot’’ and in14 serting ‘‘allocate’’; and

15 (B) by striking subsection (d);

16 (7) by striking section 223 and inserting the

17 following:

18 ‘‘SEC. 223. STATE PLANS.

19 (a) IN GENERAL.—In order to be eligible to receive

20 formula grants under this part, each State shall—

21 ‘‘(1) ensure that not less than 75 percent of the

22 funds made available to the State under section 222,

23 whether expended directly by the State, by the unit

24 of general local government, or by a combination
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1 thereof, or through grants and contracts with public

2 or private nonprofit agencies, shall be used—

3 ‘‘(A) for prevention and nonincarcerative

4 intervention, including drug and alcohol treat5 ment activities, and programs that encourage

6 courts to develop and implement a continuum

7 of post-adjudication restraints that bridge the

8 gap between probation and confinement in a

9 correctional facility, including graduated sanc10 tions for youth offenders; and

11 ‘‘(B) for implementing a system whereby

12 every offender receives some sanction for every

13 crime, except that such funds shall not be used

14 on initiatives that the organization created by

15 section 241 determines do not prevent or reduce

16 youth violence;

17 ‘‘(2) provide for records to be kept by recipients

18 of funds made available to the State under section

19 222 sufficient for the organization created by section

20 241 to monitor whether the use of said funds has

21 prevented or reduced youth violence;

22 ‘‘(3) ensure that juveniles who are charged with

23 or who have committed offenses that would not be

24 criminal if committed by an adult (other than an of25 fense that constitutes a violation of a valid court
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1 order or a violation of section 922(x) of title 18,

2 United States Code, or a similar State law), or alien

3 juveniles in custody, or such nonoffenders as de4 pendent or neglected children, shall not be placed in

5 secure detention facilities or secure correctional fa6 cilities, except that the juvenile or family court may

7 detain, after a hearing, in a secure detention facility

8 for a limited period of time, not to exceed 72 hours,

9 a runaway, truant, or incorrigible youth, if the

10 youth—

11 ‘‘(A) received a previous official court

12 warning that an additional instance of such be13 havior would result in the secure detention of

14 that youth; or

15 ‘‘(B) the chronic behavior of the youth

16 constitutes a clear and present danger to the

17 physical or emotional well-being of the youth or

18 the physical safety of the community, if the ju19 venile’s detention is for not more than the

20 amount of time necessary to eliminate such

21 danger through detention or through other

22 treatment, and secure detention is the least re23 strictive means available for guarding the safety

24 of the youth or the community;
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1 ‘‘(4) submit an annual report to the Adminis2 trator describing the status of compliance with this

3 section and containing a review of the progress made

4 by the State to achieve the deinstitutionalization of

5 juveniles described in paragraph (3) and a review of

6 the progress made by the State to provide that such

7 juveniles, if placed in facilities, are placed in facili8 ties that—

9 ‘‘(A) are the least restrictive alternatives

10 appropriate to the needs of the child and the

11 community;

12 ‘‘(B) are in reasonable proximity to the

13 family and the home communities of such juve14 niles; and

15 ‘‘(C) provide the services described in sec16 tion 103(1);

17 ‘‘(5) provide that juveniles alleged to be or

18 found to be delinquent and youths under paragraph

19 (3) shall not be detained or confined in any institu20 tion in which they have regular contact with adult

21 persons incarcerated because they have been con22 victed of a crime or are awaiting trial on criminal

23 charges or with the part-time or full-time security

24 staff (including management) or direct-care staff of

25 a jail or lockup for adults, unless that staff has been
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1 properly trained and certified by the State to deal

2 with juvenile offenders, and staff is not dealing di3 rectly with both adult and juvenile prisoners in the

4 same shift;

5 ‘‘(6) provide that no juvenile shall be detained

6 or confined in any jail or lockup for adults, except

7 that the State may permit the detention or confine8 ment of juveniles in a State-approved portion of a

9 county jail or secure detention facility for up to 72

10 hours if such exceptions are limited to areas that are

11 in compliance with paragraph (5), and—

12 ‘‘(A) are outside a metropolitan statistical

13 area; and

14 ‘‘(B) have no existing acceptable alter15 native placement that is easily accessible;

16 ‘‘(7) provide for such fiscal control and fund ac17 counting procedures necessary to assure prudent

18 use, proper disbursement, and accurate accounting

19 of funds received under this title;

20 ‘‘(8) provide reasonable assurances that Federal

21 funds made available under this part for any pe22 riod—

23 ‘‘(A) would be used to supplement and in24 crease (but not supplant) the level of the State,

25 local, and other non-Federal funds that would
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1 in the absence of such Federal funds be made

2 available for the programs described in this

3 part; and

4 ‘‘(B) would not replace such State, local,

5 and other non-Federal funds; and

6 ‘‘(9) address prevention efforts to reduce the

7 proportion of juveniles detained or confined in se8 cure detention facilities, jails, and lockups who are

9 members of minority groups, if such proportion ex10 ceeds the proportion that such groups represent in

11 the general population, and comply with the sub12 stantive requirements of section 804 of the Omnibus

13 Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968.

14 ‘‘(b) PENALTIES.—If a State fails to comply with—

15 ‘‘(1) any one of paragraph (3), (5), (6), or (9)

16 of subsection (a), in any fiscal year, the amount allo17 cated under section 299 to that State for that fiscal

18 year shall be reduced by 25 percent; and

19 ‘‘(2) any combination of paragraphs (3), (5),

20 (6), or (9) of subsection (a), in any fiscal year, the

21 amount allocated under section 299 to that State for

22 that fiscal year shall be reduced by 50 percent.

23 ‘‘(c) EFFECT OF STATE LAW.—Notwithstanding sub24 section (b), no penalty shall be imposed on any State for

25 failure to comply with the requirements of this section if
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1 the State has enacted legislation conforming to such re2 quirements and containing enforcement mechanisms suffi3 cient to ensure that such legislation is enforced effec4 tively.’’;

5 (8) in section 241—

6 (A) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘Juvenile

7 Justice and Delinquency Prevention Office’’

8 and inserting ‘‘Office of Justice Programs’’;

9 (B) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘Admin10 istrator’’ and inserting ‘‘Director of Juvenile

11 Justice and Delinquency Prevention (hereafter

12 in this Act referred to as the ‘‘Director’’), who

13 shall be appointed by the President, by and

14 with the advice and consent of the Senate, from

15 among individuals who have had experience in

16 juvenile justice programs or experience in sci17 entific research’’;

18 (C) in subsection (d)—

19 (i) in paragraph (1), by striking

20 ‘‘and’’ at the end;

21 (ii) by redesignating paragraph (2) as

22 paragraph (4); and

23 (iii) in paragraph (d), as redesig24 nated—
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1 (I) by striking ‘‘education person2 nel recreation’’ and inserting ‘‘edu3 cation personnel, recreation’’; and

4 (II) by striking ‘‘park person5 nel,,’’ and inserting ‘‘park person6 nel,’’; and

7 (iv) by inserting after paragraph (1)

8 the following new paragraphs:

9 ‘‘(2) for the rigorous and independent evalua10 tion of the delinquency and youth violence preven11 tion programs funded under this title;

12 ‘‘(3) funding for research and demonstration

13 projects on the nature, causes, and prevention of ju14 venile violence and juvenile delinquency; and’’;

15 (D) in subsection (e)—

16 (i) in paragraph (4), by adding ‘‘and’’

17 at the end;

18 (ii) in paragraph (5), by striking ‘‘;

19 and’’ and inserting a period; and

20 (iii) by striking paragraph (6); and

21 (E) by striking subsection (f) and inserting

22 the following:

23 ‘‘(f) DUTIES OF THE INSTITUTE.—

24 ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Institute shall make

25 grants and enter into contracts for the purposes of
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1 evaluating programs established and funded with

2 State formula grants, research and demonstration

3 projects funded by the National Institute of Juvenile

4 Justice and Delinquency, and discretionary funding

5 of the Office of Youth Violence Reduction.

6 ‘‘(2) REQUIREMENTS.—Evaluations and re7 search studies funded by the Institute shall—

8 ‘‘(A) be independent in nature;

9 ‘‘(B) be awarded competitively; and

10 ‘‘(C) employ rigorous and scientifically rec11 ognized standards and methodologies, including

12 peer review by nonapplicants.’’;

13 (9) in section 242, by striking ‘‘Administrator’’

14 and inserting ‘‘Director’’;

15 (10) in section 243—

16 (A) by striking ‘‘Administrator’’ each place

17 that term appears and inserting ‘‘Director’’;

18 (B) in subsection (a)—

19 (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘seek

20 to strengthen and preserve families or

21 which’’;

22 (ii) in paragraph (3)—

23 (I) by redesignating clauses (i)

24 and (ii) as subparagraphs (A) and

25 (B), respectively; and
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1 (II) in subparagraph (B), as so

2 designated, by inserting ‘‘best prac3 tices of ’’ before ‘‘information and

4 technical assistance’’;

5 (iii) in paragraph (4)—

6 (I) by striking ‘‘Encourage’’ and

7 inserting ‘‘encourage’’; and

8 (II) by striking ‘‘take into consid9 eration’’ and all that follows before

10 the semicolon and inserting the follow11 ing ‘‘through control and incarcer12 ation, if necessary, provide therapeutic

13 intervention such as providing skills’’;

14 (iv) by striking the second paragraph

15 designated as paragraph (5) (as added by

16 section 2(g)(3) of Public Law 102–586);

17 (v) by striking paragraphs (6) and (7)

18 and inserting the following:

19 ‘‘(6) prepare, in cooperation with education in20 stitutions, with Federal, State, and local agencies,

21 and with appropriate individuals and private agen22 cies, such studies as it considers to be necessary

23 with respect to prevention of and intervention with

24 juvenile violence and delinquency and the improve25 ment of juvenile justice systems, including—
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1 ‘‘(A) evaluations of programs and interven2 tions designed to prevent youth violence and ju3 venile delinquency;

4 ‘‘(B) assessments and evaluations of the

5 methodological approaches to evaluating the ef6 fectiveness of interventions and programs de7 signed to prevent youth violence and juvenile

8 delinquency;

9 ‘‘(C) studies of the extent, nature, risk and

10 protective factors, and causes of youth violence

11 and juvenile delinquency;

12 ‘‘(D) comparisons of youth adjudicated

13 and treated by the juvenile justice system com14 pared to juveniles waived to and adjudicated by

15 the adult criminal justice system (including in16 carcerated in adult, secure correctional facili17 ties);

18 ‘‘(E) recommendations with respect to ef19 fective and ineffective primary, secondary, and

20 tertiary prevention interventions, including for

21 which juveniles, and under what circumstances

22 (including circumstances connected with the

23 staffing of the intervention), prevention efforts

24 are effective and ineffective; and
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1 ‘‘(F) assessments of risk prediction sys2 tems of juveniles used in making decisions re3 garding pretrial detention;’’;

4 (vi) by redesignating paragraphs (8)

5 and (9) as paragraphs (7) and (8), respec6 tively;

7 (vii) in paragraph (8), as redesig8 nated, by adding ‘‘and’’ at the end; and

9 (viii) by striking paragraphs (10)

10 through (13) and redesignating paragraph

11 (14) as paragraph (9); and

12 (C) in subsection (b)—

13 (i) in paragraph (1), by striking

14 ‘‘and’’ at the end;

15 (ii) in paragraph (2)—

16 (I) by striking ‘‘subsection

17 (a)(9)’’ and inserting ‘‘subsection

18 (a)(8)’’; and

19 (II) by striking the period at the

20 end and inserting ‘‘; and’’; and

21 (iii) by adding at the end the follow22 ing new paragraph:

23 ‘‘(3) regular reports on the record of each State

24 on objective measurements of youth violence, such as
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1 the number, rate, and trend of homicides committed

2 by youths.’’;

3 (11) by striking sections 244 through 248;

4 (12) by striking the heading for subpart II of

5 part C of title II;

6 (13) by striking section 261 and redesignating

7 section 262 as section 244;

8 (14) in section 244, as redesignated—

9 (A)(i) by striking ‘‘Administrator’’ each

10 place that term appears and inserting ‘‘Direc11 tor’’;

12 (ii) by striking ‘‘this part’’ each place it

13 appears and inserting ‘‘section 243’’;

14 (B) in subsection (b)—

15 (i) in paragraph (4), by adding ‘‘and’’

16 at the end; and

17 (ii) by striking paragraphs (5)

18 through (7) and redesignating paragraph

19 (8) as paragraph (5);

20 (C) by striking subsection (c) and inserting

21 the following:

22 ‘‘(c) FACTORS FOR CONSIDERATION.—In determin23 ing whether or not to approve applications for grants and

24 for contracts under this part, the Administrator shall con25 sider—
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1 ‘‘(1) whether the project uses appropriate and

2 rigorous methodology, including appropriate sam3 ples, control groups, psychometrically sound meas4 urement, and appropriate data analysis techniques;

5 ‘‘(2) the experience of the principal and co-prin6 cipal investigators in the area of youth violence and

7 juvenile delinquency;

8 ‘‘(3) the protection offered human subjects in

9 the study, including informed consent procedures;

10 and

11 ‘‘(4) the cost-effectiveness of the proposed

12 project.’’;

13 (D) in subsection (d)—

14 (i) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking

15 ‘‘(other than section 241(f))’’;

16 (ii) in paragraph (1)(B)—

17 (I) in clause (i), by striking ‘‘;

18 or’’ and inserting a period;

19 (II) by striking clause (ii); and

20 (III) by striking ‘‘process—’’ and

21 all that follows through ‘‘with respect

22 to programs’’ and inserting ‘‘process

23 with respect to programs’’; and

24 (iii) in paragraph (2)—
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1 (I) by striking subparagraph (A)

2 and inserting the following:

3 ‘‘(A) Programs selected for assistance

4 through grants and contracts under this part

5 shall be selected after a competitive process

6 that provides potential grantees and contractors

7 with not less than 90 days to submit applica8 tions for funds. Applications for funds shall be

9 reviewed through a formal peer review process

10 by qualified scientists with expertise in the

11 fields of criminology, juvenile delinquency, soci12 ology, psychology, research methodology, eval13 uation research, statistics, and related areas.

14 The peer review process shall conform to the

15 process used by the National Institutes of

16 Health, the National Institute of Justice, or the

17 National Science Foundation’’; and

18 (II) in subparagraph (B), by

19 striking ‘‘Committee on Education

20 and Labor’’ and inserting ‘‘Committee

21 on Economic and Educational Oppor22 tunities’’;

23 (15) by striking parts D, E, F, G, and H;

24 (16) by striking the first part designated as

25 part I and redesignating the second part designated
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1 as part I (as added by section 2(i)(1)(A) of Public

2 Law 102–586) as part D;

3 (17) in section 299—

4 (A) by striking subsections (a) through (c)

5 and inserting the following:

6 ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be ap7 propriated to carry out this title $160,000,000 for each

8 of fiscal years 1997, 1998, 1999, and 20000, of which—

9 ‘‘(1) $70,000,000 shall be expended for State

10 formula grants;

11 ‘‘(2) $70,000,000 shall be made available to the

12 National Institute for Juvenile Justice and Delin13 quency Prevention for research, demonstration, and

14 evaluation, of which not less than $28,000,000 shall

15 be made available for evaluation research of pri16 mary, secondary, and tertiary juvenile delinquency

17 prevention programs;

18 ‘‘(3) $16,000,000 shall be expended for child

19 protection, of which $7,000,000 shall be made avail20 able to carry out title IV; and

21 ‘‘(4) not more than $4,000,000 shall be ex22 pended for administrative costs.

23 ‘‘(b) AVAILABILITY.—Amounts made available under

24 this section shall remain available until expended.’’;
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1 (B) by redesignating subsection (d) as sub2 section (c); and

3 (C) by striking subsection (e); and (18) in

4 section 299A—

5 (A) in subsection (c)(2), by striking ‘‘Of6 fice of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Pre7 vention’’ and inserting ‘‘Office of Youth Vio8 lence Reduction’’; and

9 (B) in subsection (d), by striking ‘‘The Ad10 ministrator’’ and inserting ‘‘Except with respect

11 to paragraphs (3), (5), (6), and (9) of section

12 223(a), the Administrator’’.

13 SEC. 103. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR RUN14 AWAY AND HOMELESS YOUTH ACT.

15 Section 385 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

16 Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5751) is amended by—

17 (1) striking subsections (a) and (b) and insert18 ing the following:

19 ‘‘(a) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry

20 out this title—

21 ‘‘(1) $69,000,000 for fiscal year 1997; and

22 ‘‘(2) such sums as may be necessary for each

23 of fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000.’’; and

24 (2) redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as

25 subsections (b) and (c), respectively.
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1 SEC. 104. REPEALS.

2 (a) SPECIAL STUDY AND REPORT.—Section 409 of

3 the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of

4 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5778) is repealed.

5 (b) INCENTIVE GRANTS FOR LOCAL DELINQUENCY

6 PREVENTION PROGRAMS.—Title V of the Juvenile Justice

7 and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5781

8 et seq.) is repealed.

9 TITLE II—AMENDMENTS IN OTHER LAW

10 SEC. 201. ANTI-DRUG ABUSE ACT OF 1988.

11 The Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 11801

12 et seq.) is amended—

13 (1) in title III, by striking subtitles B and C;

14 and

15 (2) by striking section 7295.

16 SEC. 202. VICTIMS OF CHILD ABUSE ACT OF 1990.

17 The Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C.

18 13001 et seq.) is amended—

19 (1) in section 214B—

20 (A) by striking ‘‘1993’’ each place that

21 term appears and inserting ‘‘1997’’; and

22 (B) by striking ‘‘1994, 1995, and 1996’’

23 each place that term appears and inserting

24 ‘‘1998, 1999, and 2000’’;
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1 (2) in section 217(a), by striking ‘‘Office of Ju2 venile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and in3 serting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’; and

4 (3) in section 223—

5 (A) in subsection (a)—

6 (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘to

7 national organizations’’;

8 (ii) by striking ‘‘(1)’’; and

9 (iii) by striking paragraph (2); and

10 (B) by striking subsections (b) and (c)

11 and inserting the following:

12 (b) GRANT CRITERIA.—The Administrator shall

13 make grants under subsection (a) consistent with sections

14 244, 299B, and 299E of title II of the Juvenile Justice

15 and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974.’’.

16 TITLE III—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

17 SEC. 301. STUDY AND REPORT BY THE NATIONAL ACADEMY

18 OF SCIENCES.

19 (a) STUDY.—The Attorney General shall enter into

20 a contract with the National Academy of Sciences (or,

21 upon the refusal of the National Academy of Sciences, an22 other public or nonprofit private entity having expertise

23 in juvenile justice, law enforcement, corrections, adjudica24 tion, psychology, criminal justice, and other related areas)

25 to conduct a study concerning—
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1 (1) the efficacy of the mandates described in

2 paragraphs (3), (5), (6), and (9) of section 223(a)

3 of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

4 Act of 1974 (as amended by this Act) in achieving

5 the goals of reducing crime and violence by juveniles,

6 the safety of children in the juvenile justice system,

7 and preventing juveniles from committing crimes of

8 violence;

9 (2) the status of research and information on

10 the causes of, and responses to, the problems of

11 crime and violence by juveniles;

12 (3) issues and topics relating to the causes of,

13 and responses to, the problems of crime and violence

14 by juveniles that merit further research;

15 (4) methodological approaches to evaluate the

16 effectiveness of violence and delinquency prevention

17 efforts;

18 (5) the efficacy of practices of Federal, State,

19 and local agencies at controlling, reducing, and pre20 venting crime and violence by juveniles; and

21 (6) an appropriate agenda and budget for con22 tinuing research on the problems of crime and vio23 lence by juveniles to be administered by the Attorney

24 General.
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1 (b) REPORT.—Not later than 12 months after the

2 date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General

3 shall—

4 (1) submit to the Committee on the Judiciary

5 of the Senate and the Committee on Economic and

6 Educational Opportunities of the House of Rep7 resentatives a report describing the results of the

8 study conducted under subsection (a); and

9 (2) make copies of such report available upon

10 request to members of the public.

11 (c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There

12 are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section

13 $600,000 for fiscal year 1997.

14 SEC. 302. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

15 (a) JUVENILE JUSTICE AND DELINQUENCY PREVEN16 TION ACT OF 1974.—the Juvenile Justice and Delin17 quency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. et seq.) is

18 amended—

19 (1) in section 217(a), by striking ‘‘Office of Ju20 venile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and in21 serting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’;

22 (2) in section 222, by striking ‘‘Office of Juve23 nile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and in24 serting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’; and
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1 (3) in section 403(2), by striking ‘‘Office of Ju2 venile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and in3 serting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’.

4 (b) TITLE 5.—Section 5315 of subchapter II of chap5 ter 53 of title 5, United States Code, is amended by strik6 ing ‘‘Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delin7 quency Prevention’’.

8 (c) TITLE 18.—Section 4351(b) of title 18, United

9 States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Office of Juvenile

10 Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and inserting ‘‘Of11 fice of Youth Violence Reduction’’.

12 (d) TITLE 39.—Section 3220 of title 39, United

13 States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘Office of Juvenile

14 Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ each place that term

15 appears and inserting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduc16 tion’’.

17 (e) SOCIAL SECURITY ACT.—Section 463(f) of the

18 Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 663(f)) is amended by

19 striking ‘‘Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Pre20 vention’’ and inserting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduc21 tion’’.

22 (f) OMNIBUS CRIME CONTROL AND SAFE STREETS

23 ACT OF 1968.—The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe

24 Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amend25 ed—
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1 (1) in section 102(a)(5), by striking ‘‘Office of

2 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and

3 inserting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’;

4 (2) in section 801, by striking ‘‘Office of Juve5 nile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ each place

6 that term appears and inserting ‘‘Office of Youth

7 Violence Reduction’’;

8 (3) in section 804, by striking ‘‘Office of Juve9 nile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ each place

10 that term appears and inserting ‘‘Office of Youth

11 Violence Reduction’’;

12 (4) in section 805, by striking ‘‘Office of Juve13 nile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and in14 serting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’;

15 (5) in section 813, by striking ‘‘Office of Juve16 nile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and in17 serting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’;

18 (6) in section 1701(a) by striking ‘‘Office of

19 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and

20 inserting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’; and

21 (7) in section 2501(a)(2), by striking ‘‘Office of

22 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and

23 inserting ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’.

24 (g) NATIONAL CHILD PROTECTION ACT OF 1993.—

25 Section 2(f) of the National Child Protection Act of 1993
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1 (42 U.S.C. 5119(f)) is amended by striking ‘‘Office of Ju2 venile Justice and Delinquency Prevention’’ and inserting

3 ‘‘Office of Youth Violence Reduction’’.

4 (h) OTHER REFERENCES.—Any reference in any

5 Federal law, Executive order, rule, regulation, or delega6 tion of authority, or any document of or relating to the

7 Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention es8 tablished under section 201 of the Juvenile Justice and

9 Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, as in effect on the

10 day before the date of enactment of this Act, shall be

11 deemed to refer to the Office of Youth Violence Reduction

12 established under section 201 of the Juvenile Justice and

13 Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, as amended by this

14 Act.