# Patent

## Title
Method and apparatus for utilizing prescribed aspect(s) of feedback object select operation to indicate user feedback of hypermedia content unit

## Abstract

A computer implemented method for gathering user feedback of one or more units of hypermedia content. Notice is made available to a user explaining a preestablished mapping between (1) at least one prescribed aspect of an operation of performing a predefined SELECT function to feedback objects and (2) user-indicated opinion of content units. Feedback objects comprise predetermined types of display objects provided to depart content units for different content units. Responsive to a user positioning a cursor upon a feedback object of a current content unit and performing the SELECT function, user-indicated opinion of the current content unit is ascertained by applying the preestablished mapping to the prescribed aspect of how the SELECT function was performed. Storage is initiated for a machine-readable record of the ascertained user-indicated opinion.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to computer interfaces by which people read and navigate hypermedia documents. More particularly, the invention concerns a method and apparatus for using prescribed aspect(s) of a user's feedback object select operation to indicate the user's feedback of a hypermedia content unit.
2. Description of the Related Art
Besides the keyboard, the mouse is the tool of choice for people that work with computers. The basic functions of a computer mouse are to position a cursor on a display monitor and to select objects using one or more buttons. Through the years, hardware engineers have improved on the basic mouse by adding balls, wheels, optical mechanisms, more buttons, and variety of other gadgets. In this time, software engineers have also done their part, developing a variety of mouse functions designed to improve the man-machine interface further.
Computer mice have become important tools for users to access Internet Web pages, chiefly because most Web content includes graphics that are most conveniently accessed by mouse rather than keyboard. Technically speaking, computer mice have become integral tools for using browsers, which are software programs that allow users to view and navigate hypertext and hypermedia documents.
In the computing realm, hypertext is a user interface paradigm for displaying documents which branch or perform on request. The most frequently discussed form of hypertext document contains automated cross-references to other documents called hyperlinks. Selecting a hyperlink causes the computer to display the linked document within a very short period of time. Hypermedia is an extension of the term hypertext, in which audio, video, plain text, and non-linear hyperlinks intertwine to create a generally non-linear medium of information. The World Wide Web is a classic example of hypermedia. For purposes of the present application, hypermedia is taken to include hypertext.
Browsers operate upon hypermedia content as follows. Typically, a user instructs the browser program to present a particular content page by operating the mouse to position a cursor upon a hyperlink that represents that page, and clicking the mouse. The user can also navigate inward to content pages by clicking a “forward” button, or outward using a “back” button.
Although the foregoing well known systems enjoy widespread commercial success today, the inventors have sought to further improve the performance and utility of browsers and related systems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Broadly, the invention concerns a computer implemented method for gathering user feedback of one or more units of hypermedia content. Notice is made available to a user explaining a preestablished mapping between (1) at least one prescribed aspect of an operation of performing a predefined SELECT function to feedback objects and (2) user-indicated opinion of content units. Feedback objects comprise predetermined types of display objects provided to depart content units for different content units. Responsive to a user positioning a cursor upon a feedback object of a current content unit and performing the SELECT function, user-indicated opinion of the current content unit is ascertained by applying the preestablished mapping to the prescribed aspect of how the SELECT function was performed. Storage is initiated for a machine-readable record of the ascertained user-indicated opinion.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the hardware components and interconnections of a computing system;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a digital data processing machine;
FIG. 3A shows an exemplary signal-bearing medium;
FIG. 3B shows exemplary logic circuitry;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart or of an operational sequence for receiving user feedback of one or more pages of hypermedia content;
FIG. 5 is a simplified diagram illustrating components of a browser window, in a first example and
FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram illustrating components of a browser window, in a second example.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Hardware Components & Interconnections
Computing System
One aspect of the invention concerns a computing system, which may be embodied by various hardware components and interconnections, with one example being described by the system 100 of FIG. 1. The system 100 includes a computer 108 of various subcomponents, each of which may be implemented by one or more hardware devices, software devices, a portion of one or more hardware or software devices, or a combination of the foregoing. The makeup of individual subcomponents is described in greater detail below, with reference to an exemplary digital data processing apparatus, logic circuit, and signal bearing medium.
More particularly, the computer 108 includes a processing engine 102 (including or coupled to a browser 102a), feedback gathering tool 104, pointing device software 114, and various other modules 112. The browser 102a comprises a software module configured to display various hypermedia content in human readable form. Such content includes pages, frames, documents, or other units of hypermedia content. As an example, the hypermedia content may be encoded in markup language such as HTML or another one of many existing markup languages. Without any intended limitation, “pages” of content may also be used to describe any of the foregoing units or sub-units of content as well as others familiar to ordinarily skilled artisans. To cite a few specific examples, the browser may comprise MICROSOFT INTERNET EXPLORER, MOZILLA FIREFOX, NETSCAPE NAVIGATOR, or another browser compatible with WINDOWS, MAC, LINUX, UNIX, or another operating system. (The foregoing terms in capital letters are trademarks of their respective owners)
The feedback gathering tool 104 comprises a software module configured to gather user feedback as to content presented by the browser 102a, as explained in greater detail below. The tool 104 may be integrated into the engine 102, or it may be a plug-in or other add-on component that operates in cooperation with the browser 102a. 
The pointing device software 114 includes drivers or other programming needed to convey a two dimensional cursor position from the pointing device 106 to the engine 102, tool 104, and/or other modules 112. The pointing device software 114 also includes drivers or other programming needed to convey one or more different SELECT functions from the pointing device 106 (or another device, not shown) to the engine 102, tool 104, and/or other modules 112. Optionally, the pointing device software 114 may also include programming to provide enhanced pointing device features. Although mouse software is used to provide a tangible example, there is no intended limitation, and such software 114 as disclosed shall include software corresponding to a variety of other user input devices as listed below.
The pointing device 106 comprises a hardware device operable by a user to convey a two dimensional cursor position and at least one SELECT function to the computer 108. Although a mouse is used to provide a tangible example, a variety of other user input devices may be used to perform the same function, such as keyboard, trackball, eye gaze input system, foot pedals, joystick, voice operated cursor, etc. Furthermore, cursor motion and SELECT may be effected by one device, or separately by different devices. One specific example of a SELECT function is clicking a mouse button.
The display 110 provides a visual output of signals from the computer 108, including output images generated by the browser, for viewing by the user. Among other things, content of the display includes the browser's depiction of hypermedia content pages, and a cursor whose position is controlled by the pointing device 106. The display 110 may be embodied by a cathode ray tube (CRT), plasma screen, liquid crystal display (LCD), television screen, or any other suitable video presentation device.
The remote computer 116 is an optional component comprising a digital data processing device coupled to the computer 108 by a link 118. As explained in greater detail below, the system 100 may employ the computer 116 to store certain data instead of (or in addition to) using the computer 108 to store such data. The link 118 may use technology such as telephone, Internet, Intranet, wireless, satellite link, fiber optic, or any other apparatus for conveying digital data conveyance.
Exemplary Digital Data Processing Apparatus
As mentioned above, data processing entities such as the computer 108, computer 116, engine 102, and tool 104 may be implemented in various forms. One example is a digital data processing apparatus, as exemplified by the hardware components and interconnections of the digital data processing apparatus 200 of FIG. 2.
The apparatus 200 includes a processor 202, such as a microprocessor, personal computer, workstation, controller, microcontroller, state machine, or other processing machine, coupled to storage 204. In the present example, the storage 204 includes a fast-access storage 206, as well as nonvolatile storage 208. The fast-access storage 206 may comprise random access memory (“RAM”), and may be used to store the programming instructions executed by the processor 202. The nonvolatile storage 208 may comprise, for example, battery backup RAM, EEPROM, flash PROM, one or more magnetic data storage disks such as a hard drive, a tape drive, or any other suitable storage device. The apparatus 200 also includes an input/output 210, such as a line, bus, cable, electromagnetic link, or other means for the processor 202 to exchange data with other hardware external to the apparatus 200.
Despite the specific foregoing description, ordinarily skilled artisans (having the benefit of this disclosure) will recognize that the apparatus discussed above may be implemented in a machine of different construction, without departing from the scope of the invention. As a specific example, one of the components 206, 208 may be eliminated; furthermore, the storage 204, 206, and/or 208 may be provided on-board the processor 202, or even provided externally to the apparatus 200.
Logic Circuitry
In contrast to the digital data processing apparatus discussed above, a different embodiment of the invention uses logic circuitry instead of computer-executed instructions to implement processing entities of the system 100. Depending upon the particular requirements of the application in the areas of speed, expense, tooling costs, and the like, this logic may be implemented by constructing an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) having thousands of tiny integrated transistors. Such an ASIC may be implemented with CMOS, TTL, VLSI, or another suitable construction. Other alternatives include a digital signal processing chip (DSP), discrete circuitry (such as resistors, capacitors, diodes, inductors, and transistors), field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic array (PLA), programmable logic device (PLD), and the like. FIG. 3B depicts an exemplary form 350 of logic circuitry.
Operation
Having described various structural features, some operational aspects will now be described. As mentioned above, the operational aspect of the disclosure basically involves computer-implemented operations of gathering user feedback as to one or more of hypermedia content units.
One Specific Example
As an introduction to the operating sequence described below, and without any intended limitation whatsoever, an illustration is now given to concisely explain a very specific operational embodiment. The scope of the invention is not limited in any way to this particular description.
With reference to FIGS. 1 and 6, this example begins when the user is viewing a World Wide Web page upon the browser window 506. Among other content of the current web page, there is an item of hyperlinked text 508. The hyperlink 508 qualifies as a feedback object, according to the definition 104b. Whenever the user selects the hyperlink 508 by positioning the cursor 602 thereover and “clicking,” the browser 102a leaves the current web page and transitions to the hyperlinked web page. At the moment of “clicking,” the feedback tool 104 consults the preestablished mapping 104a in order to translate the cursor position relative to the hyperlink 508 into the user's supposed opinion of the current web site. In the example of FIG. 6, if the user selects the hyperlink in a right zone 512, the mapping indicates that the user was pleased with the current web site. Conversely, if the user selects the hyperlink in a left zone 510, the tool 104 concludes that the user was displeased with the current web site. The tool 104 stores a record of the user's opinion, either locally at the computer 108 or remotely at the computer 116.
Thus, the disclosed example permits the user to signify his opinion of the current Web page, without requiring any more mouse clicks than normal, and without requiring a cumbersome graphical user interface (GUI).
Signal-Bearing Media
Wherever the functionality of any operational components of the disclosure is implemented using one or more machine-executed program sequences, these sequences may be embodied in various forms of signal-bearing media. In the context of FIG. 2, such a signal-bearing media may comprise, for example, the storage 204 or another signal-bearing media, such as a magnetic data storage diskette 300 (FIG. 3A), directly or indirectly accessible by a processor 202. Whether contained in the storage 206, diskette 300, or elsewhere, the instructions may be stored on a variety of machine-readable data storage media. Some examples include direct access storage, e.g. a conventional hard drive, redundant array of inexpensive disks (“RAID”), or another direct access storage device (“DASD”), serial-access storage such as magnetic or optical tape, electronic non-volatile memory, e.g. ROM, EPROM, flash PROM, or EEPROM, battery backup RAM, optical storage e.g. CD-ROM, WORM, DVD, digital optical tape, paper punch cards, or other suitable signal-bearing media including analog or digital transmission media and analog and communication links and wireless communications. In one embodiment, the machine-readable instructions may comprise software object code, compiled from a language such as assembly language, C, etc.
Logic Circuitry
In contrast to the signal-bearing medium discussed above, some or all functional components may be implemented using logic circuitry, instead of using a processor to execute instructions. Such logic circuitry is therefore configured to perform operations to carry out the method of the disclosure. The logic circuitry may be implemented using many different types of circuitry, as discussed above and exemplified by the logic circuitry 350 of FIG. 3B.
Operating Sequence
Introduction
FIG. 4 shows a sequence 400 to illustrate one example of the method aspect of this disclosure. Broadly, this sequence performs machine-implemented operations of receiving user feedback as to one or more hypermedia content units. For ease of explanation, but without any intended limitation, the example of FIG. 4 is described in the context of the system 100 illustrated above. FIG. 4 is explained with aid of FIGS. 5-6, which display exemplary browser windows 500, 600 (respectively).
By way of introduction, this disclosure discusses different examples of feedback objects and feedback mapping. Basically, the feedback objects are different items presented by the browser 102a by which the user can depart the currently displayed content page for a different page. In the example of FIG. 5, all hyperlinks (such as 508) constitute feedback objects. By selecting the hyperlink 508, for example, the user not only leaves the current page but also simultaneously indicates his/her opinion of the current page. In the present example, the user selects the hyperlink by positioning the cursor 602 over the hyperlink 508 and performing a SELECT function such as clicking one or more mouse buttons, tapping the “enter” or another keyboard key, etc.
In one embodiment, the user indicates his opinion by the location on the feedback object (hyperlink 508) at which the user executes the SELECT function. The predetermined relationship between different SELECT positions and their corresponding meaning (user opinion) is the feedback mapping. In the present example, the user SELECTS a left region 510 of the hyperlink 508 to signify that the user did not like the current page. Conversely, the user SELECTS a right region 512 to indicate a positive opinion. The left and right regions 510, 512 can but need not be marked anywhere. Under other embodiments, the user's opinion is indicated by other aspects of the SELECT operation than cursor position.
Defining Feedback Objects, Feedback Mapping
Broadly, step 402 defines types of feedback objects (104b) and establishes a feedback mapping 104a. In one example, these features are built-in to the feedback gathering tool 104, so they are defined when the tool 104 is installed designed, updated, installed, re-booted, or otherwise configured. In a different embodiment, the types of feedback objects 104b and feedback mapping 104a are established in whole or part by user input.
In the example given above, hyperlinks (such as 508) constitute one type of feedback object. In another example, the browser's back button 502 and forward button 504 also constitute feedback objects. As another example, hyperlinked regions, images, graphics, or other imagery may be defined as feedback objects. Feedback objects may also be defined to include radio buttons, check boxes, and the like. Furthermore, feedback objects may include menu items (such as pull-down menus), with two examples including a web browser's “Back” and “Forward” pull-down menu entries. Feedback objects may include virtually any subset of the display or browser window.
In one example, the tool 104 interprets SELECTION of different regions of the button 502 or 504 as different user opinions. In the example given above, the feedback mapping 104a specifies that each feedback object's left region (such as 510) indicates the user's negative opinion, and the right region (such as 512) indicates a positive opinion. Similarly, when the user SELECTS a left (or right) region of the button 502 or 504, the tool 104 interprets this as a negative (or positive) opinion. In a different example, the feedback mapping 104a accommodates more than two opinions (such as four), and each feedback object has a corresponding number of regions (in this example four). In still another example, the tool 104 senses user opinion on a continuum, such as rating the current content page on a scale of zero to ten, or zero to one hundred, or zero to a greater number as fine-grained as possible considering the limitations of the display screen resolution and mouse performance. In this case, the feedback mapping 104a specifies that user SELECTION of a feedback object at its rightmost point indicates one hundred, and SELECTING the object at its left most point indicates zero or minus one hundred. Furthermore, instead of using right/left, the feedback mapping 104a may specify a top/bottom distinction, where SELECTIONS toward the top of feedback objects indicate positive opinions, and SELECTIONS toward the bottom of feedback objects indicate negative opinions.
In still another example, different feedback mappings may be used for different types of feedback objects. For example, hyperlinks may use a left/right continuum, whereas the back and forward buttons 502, 504 use two distinct regions of “up” and “down.”
In a different embodiment, instead of mapping different cursor positions to different user opinions, feedback mapping may consider a different aspect of the SELECT operation entirely. For example, the feedback mapping may specify different durations of SELECT mapped to different user opinions. For example, a longer SELECT, e.g. mouse click, may indicate greater satisfaction with the current URL or greater curiosity about the linked URL. This variation may be advantageous for limited mobility computer users who experience difficulty controlling the click location with precision, but can more easily control click duration.
In still another embodiment, feedback mapping may consider still another different aspect of the SELECT operation. Namely, user opinion may be indicated by the particular mouse button used to perform the SELECT operation. For example, a left click may indicate a positive user feedback, while a right click indicates negative user feedback.
Providing Notice
Step 404 provides notice available to the user explaining the feedback mapping 104a and the types of feedback objects 104b. Step 404 may be carried out in various ways. For example, computer 108 may provide an on-demand help screen, offline help file, read-me.txt file, or other notice that makes a suitable explanation. In this example, the computer 108 makes notice available to the user, but does not necessarily provide notice to the user (because the user might not ask for it). As another example, the computer 108 may present a splash or other advisory screen whenever the browser 102a is started. As another example, the computer 108 may display an explanatory mouse-over box that selectively appears whenever the user positions the cursor 602 over anything recognized as a feedback object. In contrast to performing step 404 as disclosed, notice may be provided by the optional step 405 as discussed below.
Commencing Browsing
In step 404a, the browser 102a begins to operate, presenting human-readable output pages of content from a hypermedia source, responsive to user direction through user entry of uniform resource locators (URLs) or other addresses, selecting back/forward buttons 502/504, or making other customary browser inputs. The encoded source may comprise an Internet web page, Intranet web page, locally stored document, or other hypermedia source. Optionally, the hypermedia source may employ a markup language such as HTML, SGML, XML, or another markup language. The operation 404a repeats continually as long as the browser 102a is active.
Cursor Over; Displaying Tentative Opinion
In step 405, the browser determines that the cursor has moved over a feedback object, as defined by 104b. At this point, step 405 may also provide an optional enhancement to the presentation of the content by the browser 102a. This embodiment is implemented in the case where cursor position is the aspect of the SELECT function used to indicate user opinion. This enhancement is not used, for example, where SELECT duration is used to indicate user opinion.
In the optional enhancement to step 405, the browser 102a and tool 104 cooperatively display a tentative user opinion whenever the cursor 602 is positioned over a feedback object (such as hyperlink 508) prior to user activation of the SELECT function. In one embodiment, the foregoing feature may additionally constitute the notice specified by step 404, i.e., they are one in the same; alternatively, notice may be given separately of this feature.
More particularly, whenever components 102a/104 determine when the cursor 602 is positioned over a feedback object, the tool 104 responds by utilizing the feedback mapping 104a to translate cursor position into the corresponding user opinion. The tool 104 then instructs the browser 102a to provide a continually updated display 604 of user-indicated opinion corresponding to the current cursor position. This aids the user by indicating what his/her opinion would be, were s/he to perform a SELECT action at that cursor position.
In the present example, the displayed tentative user opinion 604 (FIG. 6) indicates that, should the user perform a SELECT, then s/he would enter a negative opinion of the current content page.
Receiving User's SELECT
With the cursor lying over a feedback object (step 405), the tool 104 in step 406 determines whether the user has performed a SELECT function upon any feedback object of the current page. In one example, step 406 involves the browser 102a using information supplied by the pointing device software 114 to recognize when the user has positioned the cursor 602 over a feedback object (such as the hyperlink 508) and performed a SELECT function such as clicking one or more mouse buttons, tapping the “enter” or another keyboard key, etc. The browser 102a also uses information supplied by the pointing device software 114 to recognize the cursor position upon the feedback object at the moment of the SELECT action. The browser 102a provides the tool 104 with a representative signal advising the tool 104 that the user has SELECTED a feedback object. The browser 102a also provides the tool 104 with a representative signal advising the tool 104 of the prescribed aspects of the user's SELECT action, such as (1) the position upon the object 508 where SELECTION was made, (2) the duration of the SELECT action, (2) the mouse button used to SELECT, or another indication of user opinion not necessarily related to position within the feedback object.
Discontinuing Tentative Opinion
As a counterpart to step 405, step 406a determines whether the cursor has left the current feedback object. If the cursor is still over the feedback object, step 406 continues to examine whether a SELECT has occurred. On the other hand, if the cursor has left the current feedback object, then step 407 discontinues the tentative opinion display (such as 604) that began in step 405. At this point, the display 604 is removed because it is no longer relevant; the user has moved the cursor elsewhere.
Similarly, when step 406 finds that a SELECT has occurred (in the optional embodiment employing the tentative opinion feature), then step 407 discontinues the tentative opinion display responsive to the SELECT. At this point, the display 604 is removed because the opinion is no longer tentative, since the browser is transitioning to the newly selected content page.
Step 407 is omitted for implementations of the routine 400 where user opinion is indicated by a non-positional aspect of the SELECT action, such as mouse click duration, mouse button choice, etc.
Determine User's Opinion
Responsive notice from step 406 that the user positioned the cursor upon a feedback object and activated a SELECT function, the tool 104 then proceeds to determine the user-indicated opinion signified by the SELECT action (step 408). Namely, the tool 104 applies the feedback mapping 104a to the designated aspect of the SELECT function, e.g. cursor position within the feedback object at the moment of SELECT, mouse click duration, mouse button choice, etc. In other words, the feedback mapping 104a is used to map the designated characteristic of the SELECT function into a representative user opinion.
The routine 400 correlates the user's opinion with a particular content unit of the hypermedia source. The type of content unit depends upon the manner in which the routine 400 is implemented, which may occur in different embodiments. For example, when determining the user's opinion (step 408), the tool 104 may be programmed to associate that opinion with one of the following content units: (1) the current page, namely, the page of hypermedia content containing the feedback object SELECTED by the user, (2) the entire hypermedia document, or a logical or functional subset of pages including the current page that contains the feedback object SELECTED by the user, (3) the entire Internet or Intranet web site containing the source page with the user-selected feedback object, (4) a subset of the Internet or Intranet web site containing the user-selected feedback object, such as a subset of the web site relating to a particular subject matter, or (5) another unit.
Thus, the user's SELECT operation may convey the user's sentiment about the current hypermedia page as the user leaves that page, or a more generalized sentiment concerning some or all of the hypermedia source document regardless of whether the user is leaving or entering a particular hypermedia page. In the illustrated embodiment, without any limitation, the significance of the user's SELECT operation is preset, e.g. fixedly associated with one particular class of content unit, depending upon how the routine 400 is written and installed.
Storing a Record
Step 410 initiates storage of the user opinion obtained from step 408. For instance, the engine 102 may transmit an instruction to write the user opinion to storage, or the engine 102 may perform the storage itself.
Storage may occur locally at the computer 108, remotely at another computer 116, or at another site. Step 410 is performed by the tool 104, the engine 102, browser 102a, another module 112, or a combination of the foregoing. Storage may be conducted in the form of any machine readable record such as ASCII file, binary file, memory address, sector, XML file, document, memory register, page, linked list, relational database, or any other desired data structure or physical storage construct.
Other Embodiments
While the foregoing disclosure shows a number of illustrative embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, although elements of the invention may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated. Additionally, ordinarily skilled artisans will recognize that operational sequences must be set forth in some specific order for the purpose of explanation and claiming, but the present invention contemplates various changes beyond such specific order.
In addition, those of ordinary skill in the relevant art will understand that information and signals may be represented using a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, any data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips referenced herein may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, other items, or a combination of the foregoing.
Moreover, ordinarily skilled artisans will appreciate that any illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and process steps described herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g. a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

## Claims

1. A computer implemented method for a user's hypermedia browsing system to gather the user's feedback as to hypermedia content presented by the hypermedia browsing system to the user, comprising operations of:
configuring the hypermedia browsing system to pre-establish different regions of hypermedia navigation objects presented by the hypermedia browsing system, and to recognize a preestablished mapping correlating the different regions with different respective user-indicated opinions of hypermedia content presented by the hypermedia browsing system;
wherein the pre-established different regions are free from any visible features distinguishing the regions from each other;
responsive to a user performing a predetermined SELECT function as to a user-selected hypermedia navigation object, the user's hypermedia browsing system performing operations comprising:
identifying one of the pre-established regions of the given hypermedia navigation object by which the user executed the SELECT function;
conducting hypermedia navigation operations to carry out the SELECT function;
withholding the identification of the pre-established region from hypermedia sites presented by the hypermedia browsing system;
applying the preestablished mapping to the identified region to determine user-indicated opinion of the hypermedia content being presented;

initiating storage of a machine-readable record of the ascertained user-indicated opinion.

2. The method of claim 1, where:
the operation of identifying one of the pre-established regions of the given navigation object by which the user executed the SELECT function comprises: determining which of the different regions contains a user-positioned cursor at a moment of performing the SELECT function.

3. The method of claim 2, where the operations further comprise: whenever the user-positioned cursor resides over a hypermedia navigation object without executing the SELECT function, substantially continuously performing operations comprising:
applying the preestablished mapping to current cursor position; and
providing an undated display of user-indicated opinion resulting from the application of the preestablished mapping to current cursor position.

4. The method of claim 1, the SELECT function performed in context of a current unit of hypermedia content presented by the hypermedia browsing system, the current content unit comprising any of the following:
a page of hypermedia content containing the hypermedia navigation object;
a hypermedia document containing multiple hypermedia pages, the hypermedia navigation object residing in at least one of the multiple hypermedia pages;
an Internet Web site; and
a subset of an Internet Web page including multiple Web pages.

5. The method of claim 1, the predetermined types of hypermedia navigation objects comprising any of the following:
a web browser “back” button;
a web browser “forward” button;
a prescribed pull-down menu entries;
a radio button;
a check box;
a hyperlinked image; and
hyperlinked text.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing notice available to a user explaining the preestablished mapping, by performing one or more of the following:
providing an explanation in a browser help file;
providing an on-demand help window;
displaying the notice in any of the following: a toolbar and a status bar;
posting an advisory upon browser startup.

7. The method of claim 1, the operation of initiating storage comprising any of the following:
storing the record locally upon the user's computer; and
transmitting the record to a remote computer.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising operations of:
receiving user input defining or enhancing the preestablished mapping.

9. The method of claim 1,
where the configuring operations is limited to predetermined types of hypermedia navigation objects, and the operations further include receiving user input defining or enhancing definition of the predetermined types of hypermedia navigation objects.

10. The method of claim 1, where:
the preestablished mapping is defined by a continuum of different user-indicated opinions proportional to a horizontal or vertical or horizontal and vertical position within a hypermedia navigation object.

11. The method of claim 1, where the hypermedia browsing system acts to universally recognize said regions and said preestablished mapping across different sources of hypermedia content independent content and other information received from sources of said hypermedia content.

12. The method of claim 1, where the user's hypermedia browsing system is implemented in an environment local to the user.

13. A computer-implemented method for modifying a user's hypermedia browsing system to gather the user's feedback as to hypermedia content presented by the hypermedia browsing system to the user, the method comprising:
modifying the browser by adding program modules configured to perform operations comprising:
configuring the hypermedia browsing system to pre-establish different regions of hypermedia navigation objects presented by the hypermedia browsing system, and to recognize a preestablished mapping correlating the different regions with different respective user-indicated opinions of hypermedia content presented by the hypermedia browsing system;
wherein the pre-established different regions are free from any visible features distinguishing the regions from each other;
responsive to a user performing a predetermined SELECT function as to a user-selected hypermedia navigation object, the user's hypermedia browsing system performing operations comprising:
identifying one of the pre-established regions of the given hypermedia navigation object by which the user carried out the SELECT function;
conducting hypermedia navigation operations to carry out the SELECT function;
withholding the identification of the pre-established region from hypermedia sites presented by the hypermedia browsing system;
applying the preestablished mapping to the identified region to determine user-indicated opinion of the hypermedia content being presented;

initiating storage of a machine-readable record of the ascertained user-indicated opinion.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising acts to cause the browser to universally recognize said regions and said preestablished mapping independent of the hypermedia content units and other information received from sources of said hypermedia content units.

15. A computer implemented method for a user's hypermedia browsing system to gather the user's feedback as to hypermedia content presented by the hypermedia browsing system to the user, comprising the steps of:
a step for configuring the hypermedia browsing system to pre-establish different regions of hypermedia navigation objects presented by the hypermedia browsing system, and to recoginize a preestablished mapping correlating the different regions with different respective user-indicated opinions of hypermedia content presented by the hypermedia browsing system;
wherein the pre-established different regions are free from any visible features distinguishing the regions from each other;
responsive to a user performing a predetermined SELECT function as to a user-selected hypermedia navigation object, the user's hypermedia browsing system performing operations comprising:
a step for identifying one of the pre-established regions of the given hypermedia navigation object by which the user carried out the SELECT function;
a step for conducting hypermedia navigation operations to carry out the SELECT function;
a step for withhold the identification of the pre-established region from hypermedia sites presented by the hypermedia browsing system;
a step for applying the preestablished mapping to the identified region to determine user-indicated opinion of the hypermedia content being presented;

a step for initiating storage of a machine-readable record of the ascertained user-indicated opinion.

16. A computer apparatus, comprising:
digital data storage;
coupled to the digital data storage, a digital data processor programmed to implement a hypermedia browsing system;
where the hypermedia browsing system is configured to gather the user's feedback as to hypermedia content presented by the hypermedia browsing system to the user by performing operations comprising:
configuring the hypermedia browsing system to pre-establish different regions of hypermedia navigation objects presented by the hypermedia browsing system, and to recognize a preestablished mapping correlating the different regions with different respective user-indicated opinions of hypermedia content presented by the hypermedia browsing system;
wherein the pre-established different regions are free from any visible features distinguishing the regions from each other;
responsive to a user performing a predetermined SELECT function as to a user-selected hypermedia navigation object, the user's hypermedia browsing system performing operations comprising:
identifying one of the pre-established regions of the given hypermedia navigation object by which the user carried out the SELECT function;
conducting hypermedia navigation operations to carry out the SELECT function;
withholding the identification of the pre-established region from hypermedia sites presented by the hypermedia browsing system;
applying the preestablished mapping to the identified region to determine user-indicated opinion of the hypermedia content being presented;

initiating storage of a machine-readable record of the ascertained user-indicated opinion.

17. A computer-implemented method of operating a browser to view hypermedia content, the method comprising the following operations:
the browser displaying content from a hypermedia site, the content containing a hypermedia navigation item having a prescribed navigation function prescribed by the hypermedia site;
independent of the prescribed function prescribed by the hypermedia site, the browser self-designating multiple regions of the hypermedia navigation item, where the designated regions are free from any features visually distinguishing the regions from each other;
the browser locally monitoring which one of said regions a user employs to select the hypermedia navigation item in order to invoke the prescribed navigation function prescribed by the hypermedia site, and applying a predetermined mapping to determine user feedback as to the hypermedia content being viewed according to which region the user employed to select the navigation item;
the browser withholding the feedback from the hypermedia site being viewed; and
the browser causing storage of a machine-readable record of the user feedback.

18. A computer-implemented method of operating a browser to view hypermedia content, the method comprising the following steps:
a step for the browser displaying content from a hypermedia site, the content containing a hypermedia navigation item having a prescribed navigation function prescribed by the hypermedia site;
a step for independent of the prescribed function prescribed by the hypermedia site, the browser self-designating multiple regions of the hypermedia navigation item, where the designated regions are free from any features visually distinguishing the regions from each other;
a step for the browser locally monitoring which one of said regions a user employs to select the hypermedia navigation item in order to invoke the prescribed navigation function prescribed by the hypermedia site, and applying a predetermined mapping to determine user feedback as to the hypermedia content being viewed according to which region the user employed to select the navigation item;
a step for the browser withholding the feedback from the hypermedia site being viewed; and
a step for the browser causing storage of a machine-readable record of the user feedback.

19. A computer apparatus, comprising:
digital data storage;
coupled to the digital data storage, a digital data processor programmed to operate a browser to view hypermedia content according to the following operations:
the browser displaying content of a hypermedia site, the content containing a hypermedia navigation item having a prescribed navigation function prescribed by the hypermedia site;
independent of the prescribed function prescribed by the hypermedia site, the browser self-designating multiple regions of the hypermedia navigation item, where the designated regions are free from any features visually distinguishing the regions from each other;
the browser locally monitoring which one of said regions a user employs to select the hypermedia navigation item in order to invoke the prescribed navigation function prescribed by the hypermedia site, and applying a predetermined mapping to determine user feedback as to the hypermedia content being viewed according to which region the user employed to select the navigation item;
the browser withhold the feedback from the hypermedia site being viewed; and
the browser causing storage of a machine-readable record of the user feedback.

20. At least one computer readable storage medium containing at least one program of machine-readable instructions executable by a digital data processing apparatus to perform operations for gathering user feedback, the operations comprising the methods of any of claims 1 or 17.