THE CALIFORNIA ALMANAC OF EMISSIONS AND AIR QUALITY— 2013 Edition —This almanac was prepared and published by the staff of theAir Quality Planning and Science DivisionCalifornia Air Resources BoardPrincipal AuthorsPaul Cox, Andy Delao, Anna KomorniczakThis document has been reviewed and approved by the staff of theCalifornia Air Resources Board. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarilyreflect the views and policies of the Air Resources Board.File 01 Title Preface and TOC Alm2013 pi-vi.indd i12/16/2013 10:22:46 AMARB Almanac 2013 – PrefaceiiPrefaceThis almanac was prepared and published by the Air ResourcesBoard (ARB) staff to aid air quality professionals and the public inevaluating air quality in California (State). The ARB, as part of theCalifornia Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), is the Stateboard responsible for achieving and maintaining healthful air qualityin California. This responsibility is shared with local air districts andthe United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA).The following staff and managers of the Air Quality Planning andScience Division contributed to the production of this almanac:Jagjeet Arce, Stephen Francis, Martin Johnson, Vivian Lerch, LinYingLi, Elizabeth Melgoza, Chris Nguyen, Michael Redgrave, Jon Taylor,and Xijie Zhang. The project was approved by Kurt Karperos, Chief ofthe Air Quality Planning and Science Division. The project was managed by Karen Magliano, Assistant Division Chief, Carla Takemoto,Chief of the Area Source & Emission Inventory Programs Branch,Sylvia Vanderspek, Chief of the Air Quality Planning Branch, StephenZelinka, Manager of the Emission Inventory Development Section,Mena Shah, Manager of the Air Quality & Statistical Studies Section,and Gayle Sweigert, Manager of the Air Quality Analysis Section.This is the eleventh edition of this almanac which is updated annuallyas additional air quality and emission inventory data become available. If you find errors or have suggestions for improvements, pleaselet us know. For general issues or issues related to air quality data,contact Paul Cox at (916) 327-7609 orpcox@arb.ca.gov. For issuesrelated to emissions data, contact Andy Delao at (916) 324-7169 oradelao@arb.ca.gov.File 01 Title Preface and TOC Alm2013 pi-vi.indd ii12/16/2013 10:23:16 AMARB Almanac 2013 – Table of ContentsiiiThe California Almanac of Emissions and Air Quality - 2013 EditionChapter 1:IntroductionOverview ......................................................................................................................................................................................................1-2Organization ................................................................................................................................................................................................1-3California Facts and Figures ........................................................................................................................................................................1-4Quick Facts ..................................................................................................................................................................................................1-5Interpreting the Emission and Air Quality Statistics .................................................................................................................................1-8Meteorology’s Role in Air Quality ............................................................................................................................................................1-11Sources of Emissions in California............................................................................................................................................................1-12Air Quality Monitoring .............................................................................................................................................................................1-13California Air Basins .................................................................................................................................................................................1-14Criteria Air Pollutants ...............................................................................................................................................................................1-17National Ambient Air Quality Standards ...........................................................................................................................................1-17Ozone .............................................................................................................................................................................................1-18Ozone National Area Designations ...............................................................................................................................................1-19Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ............................................................................................................................................................1-20Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Area Designations ..............................................................................................................................1-21Carbon Monoxide, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Sulfur Dioxide ...........................................................................................................1-22Air Quality Standards Table ..........................................................................................................................................................1-23Web Resources...........................................................................................................................................................................................1-24Chapter 2:Current Emissions and Air QualityIntroduction.................................................................................................................................................................................................2-2Emission Sources .........................................................................................................................................................................................2-3NOx Sources Statewide .........................................................................................................................................................................2-3VOC Sources Statewide.........................................................................................................................................................................2-3Directly Emitted Particulate Matter (PM2.5).......................................................................................................................................2-4Directly Emitted Particulate Matter (PM10)........................................................................................................................................2-4SOx Sources Statewide ..........................................................................................................................................................................2-5Ammonia Sources Statewide .................................................................................................................................................................2-5Diesel PM Sources Statewide ................................................................................................................................................................2-62012 Statewide Emission Inventory Summary ..........................................................................................................................................2-72012 Statewide Emission Inventory by Sub-Category...............................................................................................................................2-8File 01 Title Preface and TOC Alm2013 pi-vi.indd iii12/16/2013 10:23:16 AMARB Almanac 2013 – Table of Contentsiv2011 Statewide Air Quality ......................................................................................................................................................................2-15Ozone ...................................................................................................................................................................................................2-15Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ..................................................................................................................................................................2-17Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), and Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) .................................................................................2-19Chapter 3:Statewide Emission Trends and ForecastsIntroduction.................................................................................................................................................................................................3-2Emission Trends and Forecasts ..............................................................................................................................................................3-2Statewide Population and VMT............................................................................................................................................................3-3Emission Trends and Forecasts....................................................................................................................................................................3-4NOx........................................................................................................................................................................................................3-4VOC .......................................................................................................................................................................................................3-5Directly Emitted Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ........................................................................................................................................3-6Directly Emitted Particulate Matter (PM10) .........................................................................................................................................3-7Diesel PM ..............................................................................................................................................................................................3-8Sulfur Dioxide .......................................................................................................................................................................................3-9Ammonia .............................................................................................................................................................................................3-10Chapter 4:Regional Trends and ForecastsIntroduction.................................................................................................................................................................................................4-2South Coast Air Basin .................................................................................................................................................................................4-4Introduction...........................................................................................................................................................................................4-4Emission Trends and Forecasts..............................................................................................................................................................4-5Basinwide Trends/Population and Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT)...................................................................................................4-5Ozone Precursor Emissions...............................................................................................................................................................4-6Directly Emitted PM2.5Emissions ...................................................................................................................................................4-7Diesel PM Emissions ........................................................................................................................................................................4-8Ammonia Emissions ..........................................................................................................................................................................4-9Ozone ..................................................................................................................................................................................................4-10Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ..................................................................................................................................................................4-12Nitrogen Dioxide .................................................................................................................................................................................4-13San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin .............................................................................................................................................................4-14Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................................................4-14Emission Trends and Forecasts............................................................................................................................................................4-15Basinwide Trends/Population and Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT).................................................................................................4-15Ozone Precursor Emissions.............................................................................................................................................................4-16File 01 Title Preface and TOC Alm2013 pi-vi.indd iv12/16/2013 10:23:16 AMARB Almanac 2013 – Table of ContentsvDirectly Emitted PM2.5Emissions .................................................................................................................................................4-17Diesel PM Emissions ......................................................................................................................................................................4-18Ammonia Emissions ........................................................................................................................................................................4-19Ozone ..................................................................................................................................................................................................4-20Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ..................................................................................................................................................................4-21Nitrogen Dioxide .................................................................................................................................................................................4-22San Joaquin Valley Air Basin ....................................................................................................................................................................4-24Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................................................4-24Emission Trends and Forecasts............................................................................................................................................................4-25Basinwide Trends/Population and Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT).................................................................................................4-25Ozone Precursor Emissions.............................................................................................................................................................4-26Directly Emitted PM2.5Emissions .................................................................................................................................................4-27Diesel PM Emissions ......................................................................................................................................................................4-28Ammonia Emissions ........................................................................................................................................................................4-29Ozone ..................................................................................................................................................................................................4-30Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ..................................................................................................................................................................4-32Nitrogen Dioxide .................................................................................................................................................................................4-33San Diego Air Basin ..................................................................................................................................................................................4-34Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................................................4-34Emission Trends and Forecasts............................................................................................................................................................4-35Basinwide Trends/Population and Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT).................................................................................................4-35Ozone Precursor Emissions.............................................................................................................................................................4-36Directly Emitted PM2.5Emissions .................................................................................................................................................4-37Diesel PM Emissions ......................................................................................................................................................................4-38Ammonia Emissions ........................................................................................................................................................................4-39Ozone ..................................................................................................................................................................................................4-40Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ..................................................................................................................................................................4-41Nitrogen Dioxide .................................................................................................................................................................................4-42Sacramento Metropolitan Area .................................................................................................................................................................4-44Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................................................4-44Emission Trends and Forecasts............................................................................................................................................................4-45Basinwide Trends/Population and Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT).................................................................................................4-45Ozone Precursor Emissions.............................................................................................................................................................4-46Directly Emitted PM2.5Emissions .................................................................................................................................................4-47Diesel PM Emissions ......................................................................................................................................................................4-48File 01 Title Preface and TOC Alm2013 pi-vi.indd v12/16/2013 10:23:16 AMARB Almanac 2013 – Table of ContentsviAmmonia Emissions ........................................................................................................................................................................4-49Ozone ..................................................................................................................................................................................................4-50Particulate Matter (PM2.5) ..................................................................................................................................................................4-51Nitrogen Dioxide .................................................................................................................................................................................4-52Appendix A:Air Quality Trend Data by Pollutant: Ozone, PM2.5, CO, NO2, SO2..................................................................................A-1Appendix B:County Level Emissions and Air Quality by Air Basin.............................................................................................................B-1Appendix C:Surface Area, Population, and Average Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled..................................................................................... C-1Appendix D:Natural Sources.........................................................................................................................................................................D-1Appendix E:Lists of Figures and Tables for Chapters 1 through 4................................................................................................................E-1Glossary of Air Quality and Emission Terms.....................................................................................................................................................E-9File 01 Title Preface and TOC Alm2013 pi-vi.indd vi12/16/2013 10:23:16 AM