Page 1 of 20 **Subpart O —**  **HCFC –**  **22 Production and HFC –**  **23 Destruction**
The HCFC
– 22 production and HFC
– 23 destruction source category consists of HCFC
– 22 production processes and HFC
– 23 destruction processes. § 98.150 Definition of the source category.

(a) An HCFC
– 22 production process produces HCFC
– 22 (chlorodifluoromethane, or CHClF 2 ) from chloroform (CHCl 3 (b) An HFC
– 23 destruction process is any process in which HFC – 23 undergoes destruction. An HFC
– 23 destruction process may or may not be co
- located with an HCFC
– 22 production process at the same facility. ) and hydrogen fluoride (HF).

You must report GHG emissions under this subpart if your facility contains an HCFC
– 22 production or HFC – 23 destruction process and the facility meets the requirements of either §98.2(a)(1) or (a)(2). § 98.151 Reporting threshold.

(a) You must report under subpart C of this part (General Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources) the emissions of CO § 98.152 GHGs to report.

2 , CH 4 , and N 2 (b) You must report HFC
– 23 emissions from HCFC
– 22 production processes and HFC
– 23 destruction processes. O from each stationary combustion unit following the requirements of subpart C.Page 2 of 20
(a) The mass of HFC
– 23 generated fr om each HCFC
– 22 production process shall be estimated by using one of two methods, as applicable: § 98.153 Calculating GHG emissions.

(1) Where the mass flow of the combined stream of HFC
– 23 and another reaction product ( e.g. , HCl) is measured, multiply the weekly (or more frequent) HFC
– 23 c oncentration measurement (which may be the average of more frequent concentration measurements) by the weekly (or more frequent) mass flow of the combined stream of HFC
– 23 and the other product. To estimate annual HFC
– 23 production, sum the weekly (or more frequent) estimates of the quantities of HFC
– 23 produced over the year. This calculation is summarized in Equation O
– 1 of this section:

Where: G 23
c = Mass of HFC
– 23 generated annually (metric tons). 23 F = Fraction HFC
– 23 by weight in HFC
– 23/other product stream. p p = Period over which mass flows and concentrations are measured. = Mass flow of HFC
– 23/other product stream during the period p (kg).

n = Number of concentration and flow measurement periods for the year. 10 −3 = Conversion factor from kilograms to metric tons.Page 3 of 20 (2) Where the mass of only a reaction product other than HFC – 23 (either HCFC
– 22 or HCl) is measured, multiply the ratio of the weekly (or more frequent) measurement of the HFC
– 23 concentration and the weekly (or more frequent) mea surement of the other product concentration by the weekly (or more frequent) mass produced of the other product. To estimate annual HFC
– 23 production, sum the weekly (or more frequent) estimates of the quantities of HFC
– 23 produced over the year. This calc ulation is summarized in Equation O
– 2 of this section, assuming that the other product is HCFC
– 22. If the other product is HCl, HCl may be substituted for HCFC
– 22 in Equations O
– 2 and O
– 3 of this section.

Where: G 23
c = Mass of HFC
– 23 generated annually (m etric tons). 23
c = Fraction HFC
– 23 by weight in HCFC
– 22/HFC
– 23 stream. 22 P = Fraction HCFC
– 22 by weight in HCFC
– 22/HFC
– 23 stream. 22
p = Period over which ma sses and concentrations are measured. = Mass of HCFC
– 22 produced over the period p (kg), calculated using Equation O
– 3 of this section.

n = Number of concentration and mass measurement periods for the year.Page 4 of 20 10 −3 = Conversion factor from kilograms to metric tons. (b) The mass of HCFC
– 22 produced over the period p shall be estimated by using Equation O
– 3 of this section:
Where: P 22 = O Mass of HCFC
– 22 produced over the period p (kg). 22 = U mass of HCFC
– 22 that is measured coming out of the Production process over the period p (kg). 22 =
LF = Factor to account for the loss of HCFC
– 22 upstream of the measurement. The value for LF shall be determined pursuant to §98.154(e). Mass of used HCFC
– 22 that is added to the prod uction process upstream of the output measurement over the period p (kg).

(c) For HCFC
– 22 production facilities that do not use a thermal oxidizer destruction device or that have a thermal oxidizer destruction device that is not directly connected to the HCFC – 22 production equipment, HFC
– 23 emissions shall be estimated using Equation O
– 4 of this section:
Where: E 23 = G Mass of HFC
– 23 emitted annually (metric tons).

23 = S Mass of HFC
– 23 generated annually (metric tons). 23 = OD Mass of HFC
– 23 sent off site for sale annually (metric tons). 23 = Mass of HFC
– 23 sent off site for destruction (metric tons).Page 5 of 20 D 23 = I Mass of HFC
– 23 destroyed on site (metric tons). 23 = (d) For HCFC
– 22 production facilities that use a thermal oxidizer destruction device connected to th e HCFC – 22 production equipment, HFC
– 23 emissions shall be estimated using Equation O
– 5 of this section: Increase in HFC
– 23 inventory = HFC
– 23 in storage at end of year
— HFC – 23 in storage at beginning of year (metric tons).

Where: E 23 E = Mass of HFC
– 23 emitted annually (metric tons).

L
E = Mass of HFC
– 23 emitted annually from equipment leaks, calculated using Equation O
– 6 o f this section (metric tons).
PV
E = Mass of HFC
– 23 emitted annually from process vents, calculated using Equation O
– 7 of this section (metric tons).
D (1) The mass of HFC
– 23 emitted annually from equipment leaks (for use in Equation O
– 5 of this section) shall be estimated by using Equation O
– 6 of this section: = Mass of HFC
– 23 emitted annually from thermal oxidizer destruction device (metric tons), calculated using Equation O
– 8 of this section.

Where: E L
c = Mass of HFC
– 23 emi tted annually from equipment leaks (metric tons). 23 = Fraction HFC
– 23 by weight in the stream(s) in the equipment.Page 6 of 20 F Gt

N = The applicable leak rate specified in Table O
– 1 of this subpart for each source of equipment type and service t with a screening valu e greater than or equal to 10,000 ppmv (kg/hr/source). Gt

F = The number of sources of equipment type and service t with screening values greater than or equal to 10,000 ppmv as determined according to §98.154(i).
Lt

N = The applicable leak rate specified in Table O
– 1 of this subpart for each source of equipment type and service t with a screening value of less than 10,000 ppmv (kg/hr/source). Lt

p = One hour. = The number of sources of equipment type and service t with screening values less than 10,000 ppmv as determined according to §98.154(j).

n = Number of hours during the year during which equipment contained HFC
– 23. t = Equipment type and service as specified in Table O
– 1 of this subpart . 10 −3 = Factor converting kg to metric tons. (2) The mass of HFC
– 23 emitted annually from process vents (for use in Equation O
– 5 of this section) shall be estimated by using Equation O
– 7 of this section:

Where: E PV ER = Mass of HFC
– 23 emitted annually from process vents (metric tons).
T = The HFC
– 23 emission rate from the process vents during the period of the most recent test (kg/hr).Page 7 of 20 PR p PR = The HCFC
– 22 production rate during the period p (kg/hr).
T l = The HCFC
– 22 production rate during the most recent test period (kg/hr).
p 10 −3 = Factor converting kg to metric tons. = The length of the per iod p (hours).

n = The number of periods in a year. (3) The total mass of HFC
– 23 emitted from destruction devices shall be estimated by using Equation O
– 8 of this section:
Where: E D F = Mass of HFC
– 23 emitted ann ually from the destruction device (metric tons).
D D = Mass of HFC
– 23 fed into the destruction device annually (metric tons). 23 (4) For facilities that destroy HFC
– 23, the total mass of HFC – 23 destroyed shall be estimated by using Equation O
– 9 of this section: = Mass of HFC
– 23 destroyed annually (metric tons).

Where: D 23 F = Mass of HFC
– 23 destroyed annually (metric tons).
D DE = Destruction Efficiency of the destruction device (fra ction). = Mass of HFC
– 23 fed into the destruction device annually (metric tons).Page 8 of 20
These requirements apply to measurements that are reported under this subpart or that are used to estimate reported quantities pursuant to §98.153. § 98.154 Monitoring and QA/QC requirements.

(a) The concentrations (fractions by weight) of HFC
– 23 a nd HCFC – 22 in the product stream shall be measured at least weekly using equipment and methods ( e.g.

(b) The mass flow of the product s tream containing the HFC
– 23 shall be measured at least weekly using weigh scales, flowmeters, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. , gas chromatography) with an accuracy and precision of 5 percent or better at the concentrations of the process samples.

(c) The mass of HCFC
– 22 or HCl comi ng out of the production process shall be measured at least weekly using weigh scales, flowmeters, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. (d) The mass of any used HCFC
– 22 added back into the production process upstream of the output measurement in paragraph (c) of this section shall be measured (when being added) using flowmeters, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density meas urements with an accuracy andPage 9 of 20 precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. If the mass in paragraph (c) of this section is measured by weighing containers that include returned heels as well as newly produced fluorinated GHGs, the returned heels shall be considered used fluorinated HCFC
– 22 for purposes of this paragraph (d) of this section and §98.153(b). (e) The loss factor LF in Equation O
– 3 of this subpart for the mass of HCFC
– 22 produced shall have the value 1.015 or another value that can be demon strated, to the satisfaction of the Administrator, to account for losses of HCFC
– 22 between the reactor and the point of measurement at the facility where production is being estimated. (f) The mass of HFC
– 23 sent off site for sale shall be measured at lea st weekly (when being packaged) using flowmeters, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. (g) The mass of HFC
– 23 sent off site for destruction shall be mea sured at least weekly (when being packaged) using flowmeters, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. If the measured mass includes more than trace concent rations of materials other than HFC
– 23, the concentration of the fluorinated GHG shall be measured atPage 10 of 20 least weekly using equipment and methods ( e.g.

(h) The masses of HFC
– 23 in storage at the beginning and end of the year shall be measur ed using flowmeters, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. , gas chromatography) with an accuracy and precision of 5 percent or better at the concentrations of the pro cess samples. This concentration (mass fraction) shall be multiplied by the mass measurement to obtain the mass of the HFC
– 23 sent to another facility for destruction.

(i) The number of sources of equipment type t with screening values greater than or equal to 1 0,000 ppmv shall be determined using EPA Method 21 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A
– 7, and defining a leak as follows: (1) A leak source that could emit HFC
– 23, and (2) A leak source at whose surface a concentration of fluorocarbons equal to or greater than 1 0,000 ppm is measured. (j) The number of sources of equipment type t with screening values less than 10,000 ppmv shall be the difference between the number of leak sources of equipment type t that could emit HFC
– 23 and the number of sources of equipment ty pe t with screening values greater than or equal to 10,000 ppmv as determined under paragraph ( h i ) of this section.Page 11 of 20 (k) The mass of HFC
– 23 emitted from process vents shall be estimated at least monthly by incorporating the results of the most recent emissi ons test into Equation O
– 7 of this subpart. HCFC – 22 production facilities that use a destruction device connected to the HCFC
– 22 production equipment shall conduct emissions tests at process vents at least once every five years or after significant changes to the process. Emissions tests shall be conducted in accordance with EPA Method 18 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A
– 6, under conditions that are typical for the production process at the facility. The sensitivity of the tests shall be sufficient to detect a n emission rate that would result in annual emissions of 200 kg of HFC
– 23 if sustained over one year. (l) For purposes of Equation O
– 9 of this subpart, the destruction efficiency must be equated to the destruction efficiency determined during a new or prev ious performance test of the destruction device. HFC
– 23 destruction facilities shall conduct annual measurements of HFC
– 23 concentrations at the outlet of the destruction device in accordance with EPA Method 18 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A
– 6. Three sample s shall be taken under conditions that are typical for the production process and destruction device at the facility, and the average concentration of HFC
– 23 shall be determined. The sensitivity of the concentration measurement shall be sufficient to detec t anPage 12 of 20 outlet concentration equal to or less than the outlet concentration determined in the destruction efficiency performance test. If the concentration measurement indicates that the HFC
– 23 concentration is less than or equal to that measured during the p erformance test that is the basis for the destruction efficiency, continue to use the previously determined destruction efficiency. If the concentration measurement indicates that the HFC
– 23 concentration is greater than that measured during the performanc e test that is the basis for the destruction efficiency, facilities shall either: (1) Substitute the higher HFC
– 23 concentration for that measured during the destruction efficiency performance test and calculate a new destruction efficiency, or (2) Estimat e the mass emissions of HFC
– 23 from the destruction device based on the measured HFC
– 23 concentration and volumetric flow rate determined by measurement of volumetric flow rate using EPA Method 2, 2A, 2C,2D, or 2F at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A
– 1, or Method 26 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A
– 2. Determine the mass rate of HFC
– 23 into the destruction device by measuring the HFC
– 23 concentration and volumetric flow rate at the inlet or by a metering device for HFC
– 23 sent to the device. Determine a new destructio n efficiency based on the mass flow rate of HFC
– 23 into and out of the destruction device.Page 13 of 20 (m) HCFC
– 22 production facilities shall account for HFC
– 23 generation and emissions that occur as a result of startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions, either recording HFC – 23 generation and emissions during these events, or documenting that these events do not result in significant HFC
– 23 generation and/or emissions. (n) The mass of HFC
– 23 fed into the destruction device shall be measured at least weekly using flow mete rs, weigh scales, or a combination of volumetric and density measurements with an accuracy and precision of 1.0 percent of full scale or better. If the measured mass includes more than trace concentrations of materials other than HFC
– 23, the concentrations of the HFC
– 23 shall be measured at least weekly using equipment and methods ( e.g.

(o) In their estimates of the mass of HFC
– 23 destroyed, HFC – 23 destruction facilities shall account for any temporary reductions in the destruction efficiency that result from any start ups, shutdowns, or malfunctions of the destruction device, including departures from the operating conditions defined in , gas chromatography) with an accuracy and precision of 5 percent or better at the concentrations of the process samples. This concentration (mass fraction) shall be multipli ed by the mass measurement to obtain the mass of the HFC
– 23 destroyed.Page 14 of 20 State or local permitting requirements and/or destruction device manufacturer specifications. (p) Calibrate all flow meters, weigh scal es, and combinations of volumetric and density measures using NIST
traceable standards and suitable methods published by a consensus standards organization ( e.g.

(q) All gas chromatographs used to determine the concentration of HFC
– 23 in process streams shall be calibrated at least monthly through analysis of certified standards (or of calibration gases prepared from a high
- concentration certified standard using a gas dilution system that meets the requirements specified in Method 205 at 40 CFR part 51, appendix M) with known HFC
– 23 concentrations that are in the same range (fract ions by mass) as the process samples. , ASTM, ASME, ISO, or others). Recalibrate all flow meters, weigh scales, and combinations of v olumetric and density measures at the minimum frequency specified by the manufacturer.

(a) A complete record of all measured parameters used in the GHG emissions calculations is required. Therefore, whenever a quality
- assured value of a required parameter is unavailable ( § 98.155 Procedures for estimating missing data.

e.g. , if a meter malfunctions during unit operation or if a required process sample is not taken), a substitute data valuePage 15 of 20 for the missing parameter shall be used in the calculations, according to the following requirements: (1) For each mi ssing value of the HFC
– 23 or HCFC
– 22 concentration, the substitute data value shall be the arithmetic average of the quality
- assured values of that parameter immediately preceding and immediately following the missing data incident. If, for a particular pa rameter, no quality
- assured data are available prior to the missing data incident, the substitute data value shall be the first quality
- assured value obtained after the missing data period. (2) For each missing value of the product stream mass flow or prod uct mass, the substitute value of that parameter shall be a secondary product measurement where such a measurement is available. If that measurement is taken significantly downstream of the usual mass flow or mass measurement ( e.g. , at the shipping dock ra ther than near the reactor), the measurement shall be multiplied by 1.015 to compensate for losses. Where a secondary mass measurement is not available, the substitute value of the parameter shall be an estimate based on a related parameter. For example, i f a flowmeter measuring the mass fed into a destruction device is rendered inoperable, then the mass fed into the destruction device may be estimated using the production rate and the previously observed relationship betweenPage 16 of 20 the production rate and the mas s flow rate into the destruction device. (a) In addition to the information required by §98.3(c), the HCFC
– 22 production facility shall report the following information at the facility level: § 98.156 Data reporting requirements.

(1) Annual mass of HCFC
– 22 produced in metric tons. (2) Loss Factor used to account for the loss of HCFC
– 22 upstream of the measurement. (3) Annual mass of reactants fed into the process in metric tons of reactant. (4) The mass (in metric tons) of materials other than HCFC
– 22 and HFC – 23 ( i.e.

(5) The method for tracking startups, shutdowns, and malfunctions and HFC
– 23 generation/emissions during these events. , unreacted reactants, HCl and other by
products) that occur in more than trace concentrations and that are permanently removed from the process.

(6) The names and addresses of facilities to which any HFC
– 23 was sent for destruction, and the quantities of HFC
– 23 (metric tons) sent to each. (7) Annual mass of the HFC
– 23 generated in metric tons. (8) Annual mass of any HFC
– 23 sent off site for sale in metric tons.Page 17 of 20 (9) Annual mass of any HFC
– 23 sent off site for destruction in metric tons. (10) Mass of HFC
– 23 in storage at the beginning and end of the year, in metric tons. (11) Annual mass of HFC
– 23 emitted in metric tons. (12) Annu al mass of HFC
– 23 emitted from equipment leaks in metric tons. (13) Annual mass of HFC
– 23 emitted from process vents in metric tons. (b) In addition to the information required by §98.3(c), facilities that destroy HFC
– 23 shall report the following for each HFC – 23 destruction process: (1) Annual mass of HFC
– 23 fed into the destruction device. (2) Annual mass of HFC
– 23 destroyed. (3) Annual mass of HFC
– 23 emitted from the destruction device. (c) Each HFC
– 23 destruction facility shall report the concentration (mass fraction) of HFC
– 23 measured at the outlet of the destruction device during the facility's annual HFC
– 23 concentration measurements at the outlet of the device. If the concentration of HFC
- 23 is below the detection limit of the measuring device, repo rt the detection limit and that the concentration is below the detection limit.Page 18 of 20 (d) If the HFC
– 23 concentration measured pursuant to §98.154(l) is greater than that measured during the performance test that is the basis for the destruction efficiency (DE), the facility shall report the revised destruction efficiency calculated under §98.154(l) and the values used to calculate it, specifying whether §98.154(l)(1) or §98.154(l)(2) has been used for the calculation. Specifically, the facility shall report the following: (1) Flow rate of HFC
– 23 being fed into the destruction device in kg/hr. (2) Concentration (mass fraction) of HFC
– 23 at the outlet of the destruction device. (3) Flow rate at the outlet of the destruction device in kg/hr. (4) Emission rate (in kg /hr) calculated from paragraphs (d)(2) and (d)(3) of this section. (5) Destruction efficiency (DE) calculated from paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(4) of this section. (e) By March 31, 2011 or within 60 days of commencing HFC
– 23 destruction, HFC
– 23 destruction fa cilities shall submit a one - time report including the following information for each destruction process: (1) Destruction efficiency (DE). (2) The methods used to determine destruction efficiency.Page 19 of 20 (3) The methods used to record the mass of HFC
– 23 destroyed . (4) The name of other relevant federal or state regulations that may apply to the destruction process. (5) If any changes are made that affect HFC
– 23 destruction efficiency or the methods used to record volume destroyed, then these changes must be reflec ted in a revision to this report. The revised report must be submitted to EPA within 60 days of the change. (a) In addition to the data required by §98.3(g), HCFC
– 22 production facilities shall retain the following r ecords: § 98.157 Records that must be retained.

(1) The data used to estimate HFC
– 23 emissions. (2) Records documenting the initial and periodic calibration of the gas chromatographs, weigh scales, volumetric and density measurements, and flowmeters used to measure the quantities reported under this rule, including the industry standards or manufacturer directions used for calibration pursuant to §98.154(p) and (q). (b) In addition to the data required by §98.3(g), the HFC
– 23 destruction facilities s hall retain the following records: (1) Records documenting their one
- time and annual reports in §98.156(b) through (e).Page 20 of 20 (2) Records documenting the initial and periodic calibration of the gas chromatographs, weigh scales, volumetric and density measurement s, and flowmeters used to measure the quantities reported under this subpart, including the industry standard practice or manufacturer directions used for calibration pursuant to §98.154(p) and (q). All terms used in this subpart have the same meaning given in the Clean Air Act and subpart A of this part. § 98.158 Definitions.

**Table O –**  **1 to Subpart O of Part 98 —**  **Emission Factors for Equipment Leaks** 
**Equipment type Service**  **Emission factor (kg/hr/source)**  **≥10,000 ppmv <10,000 ppmv**  Valves Gas 0.0782 0.000131 Valves Light liquid 0.0892 0.000165 Pump seals Light liquid 0.243 0.00187 Compressor seals Gas 1.608 0.0894 Pressure relief valves Gas 1.691 0.0447 Connectors All 0.113 0.0000810 Open - ended lines All 0.01195 0.00150