File 'Estimated Emissions from Imported Products_111810.xls'

Created 18-Nov-10

Purpose Estimate the formaldehyde emissions from imported products (PB, MDF, HWPW) using available data.

Data Sources

US Import Volumes ITC, 2009

Emission Levels Presentation "The TPC Perspective" by Professional Service Industries (PSI) Inc, Eugene, OR

Formaldehyde emission levels are presented on charts (not tables) for each product.

Data were converted to excel tables for this analysis.

Data Limitations

1) The data are assumed to represent the state of the world after CARB 1 went into effect (before CARB 2

2) Because emission levels are presented on charts (not tables), there is uncertainty about the values.

Assumptions

1) The data collected by PSI are representative of overall imports to the U.S., by product.

It assumes the level of emissions found in imports from all countries except Canada.

2) Emissions are uniform across different countries that export their product to the U.S.

All countries except Canada are assumed to have the same level of emissions.

3) Canada is assumed to have the same emission levels as these in the U.S., i.e. come into full complianc

4) Facilities that met CARB 1 level at the time when CARB 1 was in effect are assumed to get to CARB 2 l

Estimation Method

Adjustment of Emission Levels

1) Converted the data from charts to excel tables by approximating the number of tests (axis Y). 

The values for emission levels are read from the charts.

3) Estimated the fraction of observations that meet CARB 1 and CARB 2 requirements using midpoint of in

4) Made the following adjustment to the data in order to account for the changes in emission levels when C

Adjusted the number of observations to account for those facilities that made changes to meet CARB 2 

Only those facilities that met CARB 1 are brought up to the highest emission level under CARB 2. 

This assumes that those facilities that made an effort to meet CARB 1 (when CARB 1 went in effect) wil
HWPW) using available data.

SI) Inc, Eugene, OR

ent into effect (before CARB 2).

certainty about the values.

., i.e. come into full compliance with CARB 2.

e assumed to get to CARB 2 level when the CARB 2 requirements are in effect.

ber of tests (axis Y). 

uirements using midpoint of intervals to make CARB status determinations.

ges in emission levels when CARB 2 goes into effect.

ade changes to meet CARB 2 requirements. 

on level under CARB 2. 

en CARB 1 went in effect) will meet CARB 2.
HCHO Emissions (ppm) and frequency for HWPW

HCHO 

midpoint 

Emissions 

(ppm)

Frequency 

from PSI data: 

CC

Frequency 

from PSI 

data: VC

Frequency 

from PSI data: 

All

Predicted Baseline 

Emissions

0 37 99 136 136

0.01 13 36 49 49

0.025 7 32 39 39

0.05 12 42 54 54

0.1 8 46 54 54

0.15 4 20 24 24

0.2 2 7 9 9

0.25 0 1 1 1

0.3 0 1 1 1

0.35 0 2 2 2

0.4 0 0 0 0

0.45 0 2 2 2

0.5 0 1 1 1

0.55 0 0 0 0

0.6 0 1 1 1

0.65 0 0 0 0

0.7 0 0 0 0

0.75 0 0 0 0

0.8 0 0 0 0

0.85 1 0 1 1

0.9 0 1 1 1

0.95 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0

2 1 1 0 0

3 0 1 0 0

4 0 0 0 0

85 293 375 375

Average Emissions 0.05 0.05
Color 

Key/Standard

Average 

Emissions Share

CARB 2 0.015 74%

CARB 1

Above CARB 1 0.163 26%

check TRUE

Midpoint is used for CARB status determination.
HCHO Emissions (ppm) and frequency for MDF

HCHO 

Emissions 

(ppm)

Frequency 

from PSI 

data

Predicted 

Baseline 

Emission

s

Color 

Key/Standard

Average 

Emissions Share

0 14 14 CARB 2 0.047 89%

0.01 13 13 CARB 1

0.03 17 17 Above CARB 1 0.502 11%

0.05 33 33

0.06 61 100 check TRUE

0.15 31 N/A Midpoint is used for CARB status determination.

0.2 8 N/A

0.25 6 6

0.3 4 4

0.35 1 1

0.4 1 1

0.45 0 0

0.5 0 0

0.55 1 1

0.6 0 0

0.65 1 1

0.7 4 4

0.75 0 0

0.8 0 0

0.85 0 0

0.9 1 1

0.95 0 0

1 1 1

1.19 1 1

3 0 0

4 0 0

Total 198 198

Avg Emiss. 0.11 0.10
HCHO Emissions (ppm) and frequency for PB

HCHO 

Emissions (ppm)

Frequency 

from PSI 

data

Predicted 

Baseline 

Emissions

Color 

Key/Standard

Average 

Emissions

0 26 26 CARB 2 0.036

0.01 7 7 CARB 1

0.03 10 10 Above CARB 1 0.384

0.05 20 86

0.1 37 N/A check

0.15 29 N/A Midpoint is used for CARB status determination.

0.2 25 25

0.25 12 12

0.3 7 7

0.35 6 6

0.4 4 4

0.45 2 2

0.5 3 3

0.55 5 5

0.6 4 4

0.65 5 5

0.7 0 0

0.75 2 2

0.8 2 2

0.85 1 1

0.9 0 0

0.95 1 1

1 0 0

1.22 1 1

3 0 0

4 0 0

209 209

Avg Emiss. 0.19 0.17
Share

62%

38%

TRUE

B status determination.
Estimate the share of U.S. imports for different emission standards

% Consumption Avg. Emissions 

(ppm)

% Consumption Avg. 

Emission

s (ppm)

% 

Consump

tion

Avg. 

Emission

s (ppm)

None 26% 0.163 11% 0.502 38% 0.384 

CARB 2 74% 0.015 89% 0.047 62% 0.036 

Certification 

Standard HWPW MDF PB

None 0.058 - 0.058

CARB 1a

- - 0.090

CARB 2 0.032 0.082 0.057

CARB ULEF 0.024 0.042

CARB NAF 0.013 0.035 0.013

None 0.4% - 0.2%

CARB 1a

- - 1.8%

CARB 2 60.2% 86.1% 88.5%

CARB ULEF 4.6% 2.8%

CARB NAF 39.4% 9.3% 6.7%

HWPW MDF

% Imports: 64% 8%

U.S./Can.

NonU.S./Can. U.S./Can.NonU.S./Can.

None 0.058 0.163 - 0.502 

CARB 1 - - - -

CARB 2 0.032 0.015 0.082 0.047 

Table x‐x: Baseline Emissions Levels For Imported Composite Wood Products (excluding Canada), by 

Product Type and Emissions Standard

Certification 

Standard 

Emissions Level

HWPW MDF PB

Table 1‐1: Baseline Emissions Levels (2013) For Domestically 

Produced Composite Wood Products, by Product Type and 

Emissions Standard

Weighted Average Emissions (ppm)

Share of Production

a

Some mills producing product currently certified under CARB Phase 1 reported that 

they would continue this product line after the CARB Phase 2 effective date.

Average Emissions (ppm)

Table 12‐5: Baseline Emissions Levels For Composite Wood Products by Product Type, Country of 

Emission Standard

Hardwood Plywood MDF
CARB ULEF 0.024

CARB NAF 0.013 0.035

None 0.1% 16.6% - 0.8%

CARB 1 - - -

CARB 2 21.7% 47.4% 79.2% 7.2%

CARB ULEF 4.2%

CARB NAF 14.2% 8.6%

CHECK

None 0.1% 16.6% 0.8%

CARB 1 0.0%

CARB 2 21.7% 47.4% 79.2% 7.2%

CARB ULEF 0.0% 0.0% 4.2% 0.0%

CARB NAF 14.2% 0.0% 8.6% 0.0%

100.0% 100.0%

Share of U.S. Consumption
Certification Standard Hardwood Plywood MDF Particleboard

None 0.163 0.502 0.384 

CARB 2 0.015 0.047 0.036 

None 26% 11% 38%

CARB 2 74% 89% 62%

PB LP

3% 64%

U.S./Can. Non-U.S./Can. U.S./Can. Non-U.S./Can.

0.058 0.384 0.080 0.163

0.090 -

0.057 0.036

Particleboard Laminated Products

Table 12‐3: Baseline Emissions Levels For Non-Canadian Imported Composite Wood Products, 

by Product Type and Certification Standard

Average Emissions (ppm)

Share of Imports

age Emissions (ppm)

roduct Type, Country of Origin, and Emissions Standard
0.042

0.013

0.2% 1.1% 36% 64%

1.7% -

85.8% 1.9%

2.7%

6.5%

0.2% 1.1% 36.0% 64.0%

1.7% 0.0% 0.0%

85.8% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0%

2.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

6.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

99.9% 100.0%

e of U.S. Consumption