# This document c ontains the 20 04 Holland America Veendam

Sampling Episode Report for sampling episode 6503. The

report and all the appendices can be downloaded from

http://www.epa.gov/owow/o ceans/cruise_ships/veendam.html



# Holland America V eendam

Sampling Episode Report

March 2006

# Sampling Episode Report

Holland America Veendam

Sampling Episode 6503

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Oceans and Coastal Protection Division

Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds

Engineering and Analysis Division

Office of Science and Technology

Office of Water

1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Washington, D.C. 20460

March 2006

# ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND DISCLAIMER

This report was prepared by the Engineeri ng and Analysis Division of the Office of

Science and Technology and the Oceans and Coastal Protection Division of the Office of

W e tlands, Oceans, and W a tersheds of the U.S. Environm ental Protection Agency. Neither the

United States Governm e nt nor any of its em pl oyees, contractors, subcontractors, or their

em ployees m ake any warrant, expressed or im plied, or assum e any legal liability or

responsibility for any third party’s use of, or the results of, such use of any inform ation,

apparatus, product, or process discussed in this report, or represents that its use by such party

would not infringe on privately owned rights.

The prim ary contact regarding questions or com m ents on this docum ent is:

Dr. Elizabeth Kim

U.S. Environm ental Protection Agency

Oceans and Coastal Protection Division, OW OW (4504T)

1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

W a shington, DC 20460

(202) 566-1270 (telephone)

(202) 566-1546 (fax)

kim

. elizabeth@epa.gov

For detailed technical inquiries on this docum ent:

Donald Anderson

U.S. Environm ental Protection Agency

Engineering and Analysis Division, OST (4303T)

1200 Pennsylvania Avenue

, NW

W a shington, DC 20460

(202) 566-1021 (telephone)

(202) 566-1053 (fax)

anderson.donaldf@epa.gov

# TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

E XECUTIVE 

# S UMMARY



# ......................................................... v i

1.0 I NTRODUCTION



# .................................................. 1

- 1

2.0 W ASTEWATER 

# S YSTEM AND 

# S AMPLING 

# P OINTS



# ......................... 2

- 1

2

. 1 W a s t e w a t e rG e n e r a t i o n a n d C o l l e c t i o n

......................... 2

- 1

2

. 2 W a s t e w a t e rT r e a t m e n t

...................................... 2

- 1

2

. 3 W a s t e w a t e ra n d R e s i d u a l S a m p l e C o l l e c t i o n P o i n t s

............... 2

- 4

2

. 4 F l o w M e t e r L o c a t i o n s

...................................... 2

- 5

3.0 S AMPLE 

# C OLLECTION AND 

# A NALYSIS 

# M ETHODOLOGY



# ................... 3

- 1

3.1 Pre-Sam p ling Activities

..................................... 3

- 1

3.2 Sam p le Collection and Analysis Methodology

................... 3

- 1

3.3 Converting Solids Mass Units to Volum e Units

.................. 3

- 2

3.4 Quality Assurance/Quality Control

............................ 3

- 3

3

. 5 I n t e r v i e w w i t h t h e S h i p ’ s C r e w

............................... 3

- 3

3

. 6 D e v i a t i o n s f r o m t h e S a m p l i n g a n d A n a l y s i s P l a n

................. 3

- 4

4.0 R ESULTS AND 

# D ISCUSSION



# ......................................... 4

- 1

4

. 1 L a b o r a t o r y A n a l y t i c a l R e s u l t s a n d D i s c u s s i o n

................... 4

- 1

4.1.1 Graywater

.......................................... 4

- 1

4.1.2 Influent to Treatm e nt System

........................... 4

- 3

4.1.3 Influent to the Ultraviolet (UV) Disinfection Part of the

T r e a t m e n t S y s t e m

................................... 4

- 7

4.1.4 Effluent from the Treatm e nt System

..................... 4

- 7

4.1.5 W a stewater Treatm e nt System Perform a nce: Com p arison

of Influent to Treatm e nt Syst em and Effluent from Treatm e nt

S y s t e m

........................................... 4

- 1 0

4.1.6 Screening Solids, W a ste Biosludge, and Incinerator Ash

.... 4

- 1 2

4.1.7 Source W a ter

...................................... 4

- 1 2

4.2 Sum m a ry of Interviews Regarding Activities that Im pact W a stewater

G e n e r a t i o n

.............................................. 4

- 1 3

4.2.1 W a stewater Generation

.............................. 4

- 1 3

4.2.2 Pesticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Use

............... 4

- 1 5

4

. 3 F l o w D a t a

............................................... 4

- 1 6

5.0 D ATA 

# Q UALITY



# ................................................. 5

- 1

5.1 Analytical Quality Control

................................... 5

- 1

5.1.1 Cyanide Results

..................................... 5

- 2

5.1.2 Mercury Results

..................................... 5

- 2

5.2 Field Quality Control

....................................... 5

- 3

5.2.1 Trip Blank

......................................... 5

- 3

5.2.2 Equipm ent Blank

.................................... 5

- 3

i

# TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

Page

5.2.3 Field Duplicates

..................................... 5

- 4

6.0 R EFERENCES



# .................................................... 6

- 1

Appendix A ANALYTICAL RESULTS

Appendix A-1 P athogen Indicators Analytical Results, Holland Am erica

V e e n d a m

......................................... A

- 1

Appendix A-2 A nalytical Results, Except Pathogen Indicators, Holland

A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

.................................. A

- 9

Appendix A-3 A nalytical Results Collected Onboard, Holland Am erica

V e e n d a m

....................................... A

- 1 0 0

Appendix B R AW FLOW DATA COLLECTED FROM 18 JUNE THROUGH 25 JUNE 2004

Appendix C I NTERVIEW RESULTS FOR ACTIVITIES THAT IMPACT W A STEW ATER

GENERATION

Appendix D DATA REVIEW NARRATIVES AND OTHER ANALYTICAL ISSUES

Appendix E SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN FOR HOLLAND AMERICA

VEENDAM SAMPLING EPISODE 6503

ii

# LIST OF TABLES

Page

2-1 W astewater, Sam p ling Point, and Flow Meter Descriptions

H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

........................................ 2

- 7

2-2 T reatm e nt Residuals and Incinerator Ash Descriptions

H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

....................................... 2

- 1 1

3-1 S am ple Collection Method Descriptions, Holland Am erica Veendam

....... 3

- 5

3-2 S am ple Collection Methods and Analyte Groups Tested by Sam p ling Point,

H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

........................................ 3

- 6

3-3 A nalytes and Analytical Methods, Holland Am erica Veendam

........... 3

- 1 1

3

- 4 F i e l d M e a s u r e m e n t E q u i p m e n t

, H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

............. 3

- 1 2

3-5 D eviations from the Sam p ling and Analysis Plan, Holland Am erica

V e e n d a m

..................................................... 3

- 1 3

4

- 1 G r a y w a t e r A n a l y t i c a l R e s u l t s

, H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

.............. 4

- 1 9

4-2 I nfluent to Treatm e nt System Analytical Results, Holland Am erica

V e e n d a m

..................................................... 4

- 2 3

4-3 I nf luent to UV Disinf ection Analytical Results, Holland Am erica

V e e n d a m

..................................................... 4

- 2 8

4-4 E ffluent from Treatm e nt System Analytical Results, Holland

A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

.............................................. 4

- 2 9

4-5 W astewater Treatm e nt System : Perform a nce Data for Pathogen Indicators,

H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

....................................... 4

- 3 4

4-6 W astewater Treatm e nt System : Perform a nce Data for Analytes Other

Than Pathogen Indicators, Holland Am erica Veendam

................. 4

- 3 5

4-7 T reatm e nt System Residuals and Incinerator Ash Analytical Results,

H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

....................................... 4

- 3 9

4

- 8 S o u r c e W a t e rA n a l y t i c a l R e s u l t s

, H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

............ 4

- 4 3

4-9 L aundry Cleaning Agents Used Onboard, Holland Am erica Veendam

..... 4

- 4 4

4-10 Flow Data by Sam p ling Period, Holland Am erica Veendam

............. 4

- 4 5

iii

# LIST OF TABLES (Continued)

Page

5-1 A vailable and Total Cyanide Analytical Results, Holland Am erica

V e e n d a m

...................................................... 5

- 7

5

- 2 E q u i p m e n t B l a n k A n a l y t i c a l R e s u l t s

, H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

.......... 5

- 8

5-3 F ield Duplicate Analytical Results f o r Classical Pollutants (Except HEM/SGTHEM), Total and Dissolved Metals, and Sem i volatile Organics, Holland

A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

............................................... 5

- 9

5-4 F ield Duplicate Analytical Results for Pathogen Indicators, HEM/SGTHEM, Volatile Organics, and Dioxins and Furans in Incinerator Ash,

H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

....................................... 5

- 1 7

iv

# LIST OF FIGURES

Pages

2-1 G raywater and Sewage Collection, Holding and Transfer System

, H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

....................................... 2

- 1 2

2-2 Z enon Treatm e nt System , Holland Am erica Veendam

.................. 2

- 1 3

4

- 1 T o t a l D a i l y F l o w

, H o l l a n d A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

........................ 4

- 4 6

4-2 A verage Hourly W a stewater Treatm e nt System Flow, Holland

A m e r i c a V e e n d a m

.............................................. 4

- 4 7

v

# E X E CUTIVE 

# S UMMARY



# Sampling Episode Report for Holland America Veendam

This Sam p ling Episode Report describes the sam p ling and analysis activities to

characterize wastewater (graywater and sewage) generated and discharged by the cruise vessel

Holland Am erica Veendam while in Alaska waters. This sam p ling took place from June 20

through June 25, 2004, under the direction of the U.S. Environm ental Protection Agency (EPA).

The sam p ling program is part of EPA’s data collection effort to evaluate whether to develop

wastewater discharge standards, under 33 USC 1901 Note, for cruise vessels authorized to carry

500 or m o re passengers for hire when operating in the waters of the Alexander Archipelago or

the navigable waters of the United States within the State of Alaska or within the Kachem ak Bay

National Estuarine Research Reserve. EPA will use inf o rm ation f r om the sam p ling of this vessel

and three other cruise ships in Alaska to characterize wastewater generated and discharged by

large cruise vessels with advanced wastewater treatm e nt system s.

EPA selected the Holland Am erica Veendam to characterize the perform a nce of

the Zenon Environm ental Inc. m e m b rane bioreactor treatm e nt system , an advanced wastewater

treatm e nt system that uses aerobic biological oxi dation f o llowed by ultraf iltration and ultraviolet

disinfection. Sam p les were collected of vari ous wastewater sources (laundry, accom m odations,

food pulper, and galley wastewater); influent to the treatm e nt system (com bined graywater and

sewage); influent to the ultraviolet (UV) di sinfection com ponent of the treatm e nt system ;

effluent from the treatm e nt system ; source wate r; wastewater treatm e nt residuals (screening

solids and wastewater biosludge); and incinerator ash. W a stewater source sam p les were

collected for a single 24-hour sam p ling period, while sam p les of the influent to and effluent from

the treatm e nt system were collected for five consecutive 24-hour sam p ling periods.

Strap-on ultrasonic flow m e ters were installed near the sam p ling locations for

laundry wastewater, influent to treatm e nt, and efflue nt from treatm e nt to collect flow data and, in

som e cases, to trigger autom a tic sam p ling m achines. In addition, flow data were collected from

the Veendam ’ s in-line f l ow m e ters installed on the graywater and sewage f eeds to the treatm ent

vi

# system (which, com b ined, represent the influent to the treatm e nt system ) and on the effluent

from the treatm e nt system

.

Various sam p le collection m e thods (com posite by flow, com posite by tim e, grab,

and grab com posite) were used depending on the sam p ling point and analyte. Tested analytes

included pathogen indicators (fecal coliform

, E. coli , enterococci), classical pollutants, total and

dissolved m e tals, volatile and sem i volatile organics, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and

dioxins and furans. Not all sam p les were analyzed for all target analytes.

The food pulper wastewater sam p les showed the highest concentration am ong

graywater sources for the m a jority of analytes, m o st notably E. coli and enterococci, oil and

grease, nutrients, and solids. Accom m odations wastewater sam p les had the highest

concentration for 11 of the analytes, including fecal coliform

, organics, and several m e tals.

Laundry wastewater sam p les showed the highest concentration for five analytes, including

alkalinity and several dissolved m e tals.

Because of water conservation m easures onboard cruise ships (such as vacuum

toilets), key analytes such as pathogen indicators, biochem i cal oxygen dem a nd (BOD

5 

# ), chem ical

oxygen dem a nd (COD), and total suspended solids (TSS) are found at m u ch higher

concentrations in the influent to the Veendam wastewater treatm e nt system than in typical

dom estic wastewater. Of the 54 m e tal analytes test ed for, 27 were detected in every influent to

treatm e nt system sam p le. Am ong the 365 target analytes for volatile and sem i volatile organics,

pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls, only 9 were detected in any influent to treatm e nt

sam p les, m o st at concentrations close to their detection lim its.

The Zenon treatm e nt system successfully rem oved alm o st all pathogen indicators

(>99%) and m o st classical pollutants, m e tals, and organics. Two pathogen indicators, fecal

coliform and E. coli , were not detected in any of the 15 effluent treatm e nt sam p les, while one

indicator, enterococci, was detected in 2 sam p les at close to the detection lim it. The treatm e nt

system rem oved alm o st all BOD

5 

# (>99%), COD (97%), total organic carbon (TOC) (93%),

settleable residue ( >99%) and TSS (>99%). The treatm e nt system reduced am m onia, total

vii

# Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN, which m easures both am m onia and organic form s of nitrogen), and

total phosphorus by approxim a tely 75%, while nitrate/nitrite levels rem a ined relatively

unchanged. The treatm e nt system was highly e fficient at rem oving particulate m e tals, and

rem oved dissolved m e tals at an average of 37%. The treatm e nt system rem oved m o st of the

volatile and sem i volatile organics to concentrations below detection levels.

The Zenon wastewater treatm e nt system generates two types of residual waste:

screening solids (from two coarse screens at the beginning of the treatm ent system ) and waste

biosludge (excess biological m a ss from the treatm e nt system ’s bioreactor). Screening solids are

collected m onthly for disposal on shore. W a ste biosludge is pum ped to a double-bottom holding

tank for overboard discharge outside of 12 nautical m iles from shore. Most of the analytes

detected in these residual wastes were also detected in the influent to the treatm e nt system

. For

m a ny analytes, concentrations in the screening solids and waste biosludge exceeded those in the

influent to treatm e nt, suggesting that these analytes are rem oved from the system in these waste

stream s.

On average, each person generated approxim a tely 62 gallons of untreated sewage

(17 gallons) and graywater (45 gallons) per day. The average discharge from the treatm e nt

system was approxim a tely 58 gallons of treated wastewater per person per day.

viii

# 1.0 

# I NTRODUCTION



# This Sam p ling Episode Report describes the Environm ental Protection Agency’s

sam p ling and analysis activities to characterize graywater and sewage generation and treatm ent

by Holland Am erica Line’s cruise ship m s Veendam (Veendam ) while in Alaska waters. This

sam p ling episode took place from June 20 through June 25, 2004, under the direction of the

Engineering and Analysis Division of the Offi ce of Science and Technology, and the Oceans and

Coastal Protection Division of the Office of W e tlands, Oceans, and W a tersheds of the U.S.

Environm ental Protection Agency (EPA).

The Veendam is a 55,451 gross-ton cruise vessel launched in 1996. The vessel

has 10 decks, a length of 720 feet, and a beam of 101 feet. The Veendam ’ s m a xim um cruising

speed is 22 knots. Its port of registry is Nassau, Baham a s. During the sam p ling episode, the

Veendam carried approxim ately 1,300 passengers and 520 crew. The ship’s itinerary was as

f

o llows:

Date Port

June 20, 2004 Seward, Alaska

June 21, 2004 Cruising College Fjord

June 22, 2004 Cruising Glacier Bay

June 23, 2004 Sitka, Alaska

June 24, 2004 Juneau, Alaska

June 25, 2004 Cruising Inside Passage

June 26, 2004 Vancouver, BC



# This sam p ling episode is part of EPA’s data collection efforts to evaluate whether

to develop wastewater discharge standards for cruise vessels authorized to carry 500 or m o re

passengers for hire when operating in the waters of the Alexander Archipelago or the navigable

waters of the United States within the State of Alaska or within the Kachem ak Bay National

Estuarine Research Reserve (hereafter referred to as Alaska waters). Such regulations are

authorized by “Title XIV - Certain Alaskan Cr uise Ship Operations” of the Miscellaneous

Appropriations Bill (H.R. 5666) passed by Congr ess on Decem ber 21, 2000, in the Consolidated

1-1

# Appropriations Act of 2001 (Pub L. 106-554, Sections 1401-1414, 33 USC 1901 Note). The

data and inform ation gathered through this sam p ling episode were collected using EPA' s

authority under section 308 of the Clean W a ter Act, as also provided by Title XIV. Holland

Am erica Line voluntarily provided inform ation and data gathered for and represented in this

report, notwithstanding the above cited authority, in the interest of research for the im provem ent

of wastewater treatm ent standards.

EPA selected the Veendam to characterize the perform a nce of the Zenon

Environm ental Inc. (Ontario, Canada) m em b rane bioreactor treatm ent system (Zenon treatm ent

system ), an advanced wastewater treatm ent system that uses aerobic biological oxidation

followed by ultrafiltration, using the proprietary ZeeW eed® m em b rane technology, and

ultraviolet (UV) disinfection. EPA will use the analytical and flow data included in this

sam p ling episode report to evaluate the perform ance of the Zenon treatm ent system , and to

analyze patterns and variability in wastewater sources.

Sam p les were collected in accordance with prodcedures specified in the

Generic Sampling and Analysis Plan for Large Cruise Ships in Alaska Waters (Generic SAP)

and the ship-specific Sampling and Analysis Plan for Holland America Veendam (Veendam

SAP). The Veendam SAP is presented in Appendix E and the Generic SAP is available on EPA’s

website at http://www.epa.gov/owow/oceans/cruise_ships/GenericSAP040602.pdf

. Pathogen

indicator analyses were performed onboard. S am p les for all other analyses were shipped to

shoreside laboratories for analysis. Appendix D identif ies all EPA-contract laboratories used

in this sam p ling episode.

Section 2.0 of this report describes the generation, collection, and treatm ent of

graywater and sewage on the Veendam

, as well as the sam p ling point and flow m eter locations

used in this sam p ling episode. Section 3.0 describes the sam p le collection m ethods and

deviations from the Veendam SAP. Section 4.0 pr esents and analyzes the analytical, flow, and

shipboard data collected during the sam p ling episode. Section 5.0 describes the quality

assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures and results. Section 6.0 presents references

1-2

# used in this docum ent. Tables and figures referred to in the text are located at the end of each

section.

1-3

# 2.0 

# W ASTEWATER 

# S YSTEM AND 

# S AMPLING 

# P OINTS



# This section describes graywater and sewage generation, collection, and treatm e nt

on the Veendam

, as well as the sam p le collection points and flow m e ter locations and installation

points used in this sam p ling episode.

2.1 Wastew a ter Generation and Collection

The ship’s collection, holding, and transfer system (CHT) collects and transfers

graywater and sewage generated onboard to the ship’s Zenon treatm ent system

. For the purpose

of this report, graywater refers to non-sewage wastewaters that are collected by the CHT system

.

The CHT system is com posed of five subsystem s , referred to by the ship’s crew as the galley,

food pulper, accom m odations, laundry, and sewage system s. Figure 2-1 is a sim p lified diagram

of the Veendam ’ s graywater and sewage CHT system

. W a stewater sources collected by each of

the five subsystem s are described in Table 2-1. Potable water is used as source water for all ship

operations that generate graywater and sewage (e.g., laundry, galley, food pulper, sinks, showers,

and toilets). Potable water is produced onboard and bunkered while in port, with each source

providing approxim a tely half of the fresh water requirem e nts for the ship.

2.2 Wastew a ter Treatment

The Veendam is outfitted with a Zenon treatm e nt system , an advanced

wastewater treatm e nt system that uses aerobi c biological oxidation f o llowed by ultraf iltration

and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection. Figure 2-2 is a sim p lified diagram of the Zenon treatm e nt

system

.

W a stewater from the laundry, accom m odations, food pulper, and galley CHT

subsystem s culm inates in two graywater storage tanks, while the sewage CHT subsystem

culm inates in four sewage collection tanks. W a stewater pum ped from the graywater storage

tanks and sewage collection tanks m i xes in a com m on line, flows through two coarse screens

operated in parallel, and enters a collection tank. From the collection tank, the wastewater is

2-1

# pum ped to two aerated bioreactor and m e m b rane cham ber treatm e nt trains operated in parallel.

Operators add defoam er (rarely) and caustic (for pH control) to the bioreactors as needed. From

the bioreactors, the wastewater is pum ped to the m e m b rane cham bers where it flows through the

proprietary ZeeW eed® hollow-fiber ultrafiltration m e m b rane system under a vacuum

.

Particulate m a tter and m i xed liquor (wastewater containing organic m a tter and biological floc)

rem a in in the m e m b rane cham bers. Coarse air diffusers scour the m e m b rane exteriors to rem ove

accum u lated solids, and these solids, along with the m i xed liquor and particulate m a tter,

overflow from the m e m b rane cham bers back to the bioreactor tanks. The system also

backwashes the m e m b ranes every eight m i nutes to keep the m e m b ranes clean; this backwash

rem a ins in the system

. Citric acid and sodium hypochlorite are added to the m e m b rane

backwash tanks on alternate days to enhance cleaning. In the final stage of treatm e nt, the

com b ined wastewater from the m e m b ranes unde rgoes UV disinfection. The hydraulic residence

tim e of the bioreactor and m e m b rane cham ber (i.e., the am ount of tim e the wastewater stays in

the treatm e nt system ) is less than one day.

According to the ship’s crew, the Zenon treatm e nt system can treat 700 m 3



# (185,000 gallons) per day of wastewater generated onboard. This is well in excess of its typical

daily load, approxim a tely 350 m 3 

# (9,250 gallons), as determ ined by interviews with the ship’s

crew and m easured flows collected during this sam p ling episode.

The Zenon treatm e nt system operates continuously, regardless of the ship’s

location (e.g., in port, at sea within Alaska waters, at sea outside Alaska waters). The vessel

typically continuously discharges treated wastewater from this system overboard. W h en

overboard discharge is restricted, such as when the cruise vessel enters Glacier Bay National

Park, the treated effluent is diverted to double-bottom holding tanks, where it is held for eventual

discharge overboard outside 12 nautical m iles (nm )

.

The Zenon wastewater treatm e nt system generates two types of residual waste:

screening solids (from the 2 coarse screens) and waste biosludge (excess biological m a ss from

the bioreactor). A solids collection tank located directly beneath the screens collects the

screening solids and uses a m acerator pum p to chop the solids. Macerating the solids releases

2-2

# additional water. Therefore, four to five tim es per day, the Zenon operator pum ps the contents of

the solids tank back to the screens to rem ove excess water. Once a m onth, the Zenon operator

rem oves approxim a tely 15 to 20 m 3 

# of screening solids from the solids collection tank and

disposes of it onshore.

W a ste biosludge is rem oved (or “wasted”) from the bioreactors daily. The Zenon

operator calculates the recom m e nded waste biosludge volum e to rem ove by m e asuring the

bioreactor total suspended solids (m ixed-liquor suspended solids (MLSS)) concentration. In

Alaska, the target MLSS concentration for the Zenon bioreactor is 9,000 to 10,000 m g /L. To

m a intain the target MLSS concentration, the typical daily biosludge volum e wasted is 15 m 3



# . If

additional waste volum e is required, e.g., 20 m 3 

# , then the Zenon operator would waste 15 m 3 

# in

the m o rning and an additional 5 m 3 

# in the evening. W a ste biosludge is held in a double-bottom

holding tank for overboard discharge outside of 12 nm from shore.

The ultraf iltration m e m b ranes require m o re intensive cleaning every f e w weeks

for optim al operation. The Zenon operator initiates the m e m b rane cleaning cycle when the

differential pressure across the m e m b ranes, or transm em brane pressure (TMP), reaches

approxim a tely -0.45 bars. The 2-day cleaning cycle requires shutdown of the

bioreactor/m em brane cham ber treatm e nt train. (W hen one bioreactor/m em brane cham ber is

being cleaned, all wastewater is diverted to the second, parallel bioreactor/m em brane cham ber.)

The first step in the cleaning cycle is the addition of two drum s (406 L in total) of sodium

hypochlorite to the m e m b rane cham ber, plus a sufficient am ount of treated wastewater to fill the

cham ber. The hypochlorite solution rem a ins in the cham ber overnight and is then sent to a

double-bottom holding tank (the sam e tank used to hold waste biosludge) for discharge

overboard outside 12 nm

. The second step is to add 150 kg of citric acid to the m e m b rane

cham ber, plus a sufficient am ount of treated wastewater perm eate to fill the cham ber. The

solution rem a ins in the cham ber for six hours and is then sent to the sam e double-bottom holding

tank.

During periods of reduced treatm e nt capacity (e.g., m a intenance, cleaning, high

TMP), additional untreated graywater storage capacity m a y be needed. The two graywater

2-3

# 2.3 storage tanks routinely used by the treatm e nt system provide a com b ined holding capacity of 240

m 3



# . Additional double-bottom holding tanks provide up to 740 m 3 

# of additional storage capacity,

yielding a total holding capacity of 980 m 3



# . Note that tank piping configurations allow the

contents of only som e of the additional double-bottom holding tanks to be pum ped to the

wastewater treatm e nt system

. Any untreated gray water stored in tanks that cannot be pum ped to

the treatm e nt system is held for discharge without treatm e nt outside 12 nm from shore.

According to the ship’s crew, such discharges are not typical and occur infrequently.

Wastew a ter and Residual Sample Collection Points

Sam p les were taken from the graywater sources (galley, laundry,

accom m odations, and food pulper); influent to the treatm e nt system (com bined graywater and

sewage); influent to the UV disinfection portion of the treatm e nt system ; effluent from the

treatm e nt system ; source water (water from the ship’s potable water system ); wastewater

treatm e nt residuals; and incinerator ash. Table 2-1 describes the wastewaters sam p led, their

sam p ling point locations, their flow m easurem ent locations (if applicable), and the num ber of

days they were sam p led. Table 2-2 provides the sam e inform ation for the treatm e nt residuals

and incinerator ash sam p led. In general, graywater source and wastewater treatm e nt residual

sam p les were taken for one 24-hour period, while sa m p les of the influent to and effluent from

the treatm e nt system were taken for five 24- hour periods. See Section 3.2 and Table 3-2 for

inform ation on the analytes tested.

Sam p les were collected f r om the ship’s potable water system (source water) to

determ ine if any of the target analytes were present as background contam ination. One trip

blank was prepared and analyzed f o r volatile organics to evaluate possible contam ination during

shipm e nt and handling of sam p les. Finally, an equipm ent blank was prepared and analyzed to

evaluate possible contam ination caused by the sam p ling equipm ent.

Sam p les were not taken directly from the sewage CHT system

. In addition,

sam p les could not be collected of wastewater held in double-bottom holding tanks for discharge

outside 12 nm from shore (i.e., treated effluent di verted to storage while the ship cruised Glacier

2-4

# 2.4 Bay) because (1) double-bottom holding tanks cannot be accessed directly due to safety

considerations, and (2) sam p ling from the holding tank discharge m a nifold would characterize

com b ined holding tank discharges and not discharges specific to the holding tanks of interest.

Flow Meter Locations

Strap-on ultrasonic flow m e ters (Controlotron Model 1010) were installed at three

sam p ling locations to collect flow data and, in som e cases, to control autom a tic com posite

sam p le m achines (by triggering sam p le collection after a defined am ount of flow passed through

the pipe). The first location was near the influe nt to the wastewater treatm e nt system (SP-6/7;

see Table 2-1 for a description of wastewat ers and Figure 2-2 for a sim p lified wastewater

treatm e nt system diagram showing sam p ling points.) This flow m e ter was installed on the outlet

pipe from the screens because there was not a suitable location on the inlet pipe to the screens.

The second location was at the effluent from the wastewater treatm ent system (on the overboard

discharge line for the treated effluent, SP-9/10; s ee Table 2-1 and Figure 2-2). This flow m e ter

was installed on the sam e piping as the sam p le tap. The third location was laundry wastewater

(SP-1/2; see Table 2-1 and Figure 2-1). This flow m e ter was installed on the outlet pipe from the

laundry wastewater holding tank. The sam p le tap, however, was installed on the inlet pipe to the

laundry wastewater holding tank because there was not a suitable location on the outlet pipe.

The flow m e ter at this location was not used to control sam p le collection at this sam p ling point

because the flow patterns at the flow m e ter and sam p le tap locations were not the sam e

.

Therefore, com posite sam p le collection at this sam p ling point was tim e-weighted (see Table 3-1

for a description of the sam p le collection m e thods).

Sam p ling points for accom m odations and galley wastewaters were located on

piping that would not support the installation of st rap-on ultrasonic flow m e ters (see Table 2-1),

precluding collection of flow data and flow-weighted com posite sam p les at these sam p ling

points. Tim e -weighted com posite sam p les were collected at the accom m odations and galley

wastewater sam p ling points (see Table 3-1 for a description of the sam p le collection m e thods).

Flow estim ates for the food pulper wastewater were provided by the ship’s crew.

2-5

# In addition, flow data were collected from three of the Veendam ’ s in-line Endress

+ Hauser Pro-m a g series flow m e ters (see Figure 2-2 for locations). One of these in-line flow

m e ters was on the discharge line from the sewage collection tanks. The second was on the

discharge line from the graywater storage tanks. Flow from these two m e ters com b ined

represents the total f l ow into the treatm e nt system

. The third in-line f l ow m e ter f r om which data

were collected was on the effluent from the wa stewater treatm e nt system (i.e., on the overboard

discharge line for the treated effluent), which was the sam e location where a strap-on flow m e ter

was installed.

2-6

# 2-7Table 2-1Wastewater, Sampling Point, and FlowMeter DescriptionsHolland America VeendamDescriptions of wastewaters sampled, sampling point locations, flow meter locations, and number of days sampled for the Veendamsampling episode (June 20through June 25, 2004).Wastewater NameWastewater Description (a)SamplingPoint #(b)(c)SamplingPoint Description (b)FlowMeter Description (b)# ofDaysSampledLaundryWastewaterfromlaundryequipment andlaundryfloordrains.Itdoes not includewastewaterfromdrycleaning operations orpassengerlaundrettes.All laundrywastewaterdrains to a singlelaundrywastewaterholding tank.SP-1/2Sample tap was installed on the inlet pipeto the laundrywastewaterholding tank.Sample tap could not be installed on theholding tank outlet pipe due tocommingling with othergraywatersources caused bybackflow fromthegraywater main common line.Strap-on flow meterwas installed on theoutlet pipe fromthe laundrywastewaterholding tank.Backflow fromthe graywatermain common line did not significantlyaffect the measured laundrywastewaterflows.Strap-on flow meterwas not suitable forgravityflow piping (i.e.,piping that is notfull) at the inlet to the holding tank.1 (Day4)AccommodationsWastewaterfromsinks,tubs,and showersin guest and crew rooms,barsinks,salonsinks and floordrains,most interiordeckdrains,passengerlaundrettes,drycleaningnoncontact cooling water,and non-engineroomshop sinks.Accommodations wastewater is pretreatedby gross particle filters as it drains to threeaccommodations wastewater holding tanksapproximatelyequal in size.SP-3Sample tap was installed on the outletpipe fromone of the holding tanks.According to the ship’s crew, all threeholding tanks receive similar wastewater;therefore, the specific holding tanksampled was selected based onaccessibility.Flow data for accommodations wastewaterwerenot obtained.Strap-on flow meterset-up and calibrationprocedures wereunsuccessful at the outletpipe fromthe accommodations wastewaterholding tank,most likelydue to poorpipeflow conditions such as pipe scaling orextreme aeration.Strap-on flow meterwas not suitable forgravityflow piping (i.e.,piping that is notfull) at the inlet to the holding tank.1 (Day4)(a)List of wastewatersources maynot be comprehensive.(b)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand wastewatertreatment systems indicating the sampling pointand flow meterlocations.(c)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.(d)Source watersamples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected forfive days.Source watersamples foranalysis of all other analytes were collected for one day.Table 2-1 (Continued)



# 2-8Wastewater NameWastewater Description (a)SamplingPoint #(b)(c)SamplingPoint Description (b)FlowMeter Description (b)# ofDaysSampledFood PulperWastewaterfromthe Somat food pulpersystem.Food waste is mixed with waterandprocessed into a slurry.The food slurryisthen separated into semi-dryfood solidsand wastewater(food pulperwastewater).Food solids are incinerated onboard,whilefood pulperwastewateris routed to a foodpulperwastewaterholding tank forrecirculation back to the Somat system.Three to fourtimes perday,the food pulperwastewateris drained fromthe holding tankto the wastewater treatment systemandreplaced with fresh water.SP-4Samples were collected froman existingsample tap located on the holding tank,just prior to the times the tank contentswere drained to wastewater treatment.Flow measurements not required.Approximately22 m3of food pulperwastewater is generated per day, accordingto the ship’s crew.1 (Day3)GalleyWastewater fromdishwashers, foodpreparation,galleysinks,and galleyandgarbage roomfloordrains.Galley wastewater drains fromeach ofthetwo passengergalleysand one crew galley,through three grease traps (one for eachgalley), into a single combined galleywastewaterholding tank.An enzymeisadded prior to the grease traps to helpdegrade grease.SP-5Sample tap was installed on the inlet pipeto one of the passengergalleygreasetraps.According tothe ship’s crew, allthree grease traps receive similarwastewater; therefore, the specific greasetrap sampled was selected based onaccessibility.Flow data forgalleywastewaterwerenotobtained.Strap-on flow meterwas not suitable forgravityflow piping (i.e.,piping that is notfull) at the inlet tothe grease trap.Pipeconfigurations precluded all otherlocations.1 (Day2)(a)List of wastewatersources maynot be comprehensive.(b)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand wastewatertreatment systems indicating the sampling pointand flow meterlocations.(c)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.(d)Source watersamples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected forfive days.Source watersamples foranalysis of all other analytes were collected for one day.Table 2-1 (Continued)



# 2-9Wastewater NameWastewater Description (a)SamplingPoint #(b)(c)SamplingPoint Description (b)FlowMeter Description (b)# ofDaysSampledInfluent to ZenonTreatment SystemCombined wastewaters fromthe fivecollection,holding,and transfer(CHT)subsystems(laundry,accommodations,food pulper,galley,and sewage).A vacuumCHTsystemconveyssewagefrompassengerand crew toilets andurinals.The sewage CHT systemalsoconveyswastewater frommedical facilitysink and floordrains.Note that sampleswerenot taken directlyfromthe sewageCHT system.Wastewaterfromthe laundry,accommodations, food pulper, and galleyCHT subsystemsculminates in twograywaterstorage tanks.The sewage CHTsubsystemculminates in four sewagecollection tanks (one of the sewagecollection tanks also receives 14 m3/day oftreated effluent for dilution).Wastewaterfromthe graywater storage tanks andsewage collection tanks mixes in a commonline as it flows to the treatment system.SP-6/7Sample tap was installed on the combinedgraywater and sewage inlet pipe to thetreatment system(before the screens).Strap-on flow meterwas installed on theoutlet pipe fromthe screens because therewas not a suitable location on the inlet pipeto the screens.The Veendamhas in-line flow metersinstalled on the discharge line fromthegraywaterstorage tanks and on thedischarge line fromsewage collectiontanks,priorto the point where thewastewaters are combined for treatment.The combined flow fromthese two flowmeters represents the influent to wastewatertreatment.5Influent to UVWastewater following treatment bySP-8Sample tap was installed on the inlet pipeFlow measurements not required.5Disinfection partofbiological oxidation and ultrafiltration butto the UV disinfection unit.Zenon Treatmentprior to ultraviolet (UV) disinfection.SystemEffluent fromZenonTreatment SystemFinal treated wastewater effluent fromtheZenon wastewatertreatment system.Effluent is typicallycontinuouslydischarged overboard.Where discharge isprohibited (e.g., Glacier Bay), wastewateris diverted to storage in double-bottomholding tanks foroverboarddischargeoutside 12 nmfromshore.SP-9/10Sample tap was installed on the effluentpipe fromUV disinfection,upstreamofthe diversion valve that directs wastewaterto eitheroverboarddischarge orto storagein double-bottomholding tanks.Piping distance fromthe effluent sampletap to the overboarddischarge port is 10.5m.Strap-on flow meterwas installed on theeffluent pipe fromUV disinfection justpriorto the overboarddischarge port anddownstreamof the diversion valve thatdirects wastewater to either overboarddischarge orstorage in double-bottomholding tanks.The Veendamhas an in-line flow meter5installed at the samelocation.(a)List of wastewatersources maynot be comprehensive.(b)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand wastewatertreatment systems indicating the sampling pointand flow meterlocations.(c)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.(d)Source watersamples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected forfive days.Source watersamples foranalysis of all other analytes were collected for one day.

# 2-10Table 2-1 (Continued)Wastewater NameWastewater Description (a)SamplingPoint #(b)(c)SamplingPoint Description (b)FlowMeter Description (b)# ofDaysSampledSource WaterPotable water used as source water for allsystems that generate wastewater that istreated bythe Zenon treatment system.SP-15Samples collected froma passenger cabinsink located forward in the ship (i.e., apoint farthest in the distribution line).Flow measurements not required.5 / 1 (d)(a)List of wastewatersources maynot be comprehensive.(b)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand wastewatertreatment systems indicating the sampling pointand flow meterlocations.(c)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.(d)Source watersamples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected forfive days.Source watersamples foranalysis of all other analytes were collected for one day.

# 2-11Table 2-2Treatment Residuals and Incinerator Ash DescriptionsHolland America VeendamDescriptions of treatment residuals and incinerator ash sampled, sampling point locations, flow meter locations, and number ofdays sampled for the Veendamsampling episode (June 20 through June 25, 2004).Treatment ResidualNameTreatment Residual DescriptionSamplingPoint #(a)(b)SamplingPoint Description (a)FlowMeter Description# ofDaysSampledScreening SolidsSolids generated bythe screens of theZenon wastewatertreatment system.Screening solids are collected monthlyfromthe solids collection tank fordisposalonshore.SP-11Sample tap was installed on the solidsrecirculation loop at the macerating pump.Flow measurements not required.Approximately15 to 20 m3ofscreeningsolids are generated per month, accordingto the ship’s crew.1 (Day1)Waste BiosludgeWaste biosludge removed dailyfromthebioreactors of the Zenon wastewatertreatment system.Waste biosludge is pumped to a doublebottomholding tank foroverboarddischarge outside of 12 nmfromshore.SP-12Sample tap was installed on the pipingthat routes the waste biosludge fromthetreatment systemto the double-bottomholding tank.Flow measurements not required.Approximately15 m3of waste biosludge isgenerated per day, according to the ship’screw.1 (Day2)IncineratorAshAsh generated fromthe incineration oftrash (e.g.,cardboard,paper,plastic)andfood solids fromthe Somat food pulpersystem.Incinerator ashis collected in incineratorash storage hoppersfordisposal onshore.SP-13/14Samples were collected directly fromanincineratorash storage hopper.Flow measurements not required.1 (Day1)(a)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand wastewatertreatment systems indicating the sampling pointand flow meterlocations.(b)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.

# Fo o d Pu l p e r

W a s t ew at e r

Ho l d i n g T a n k

(1 ) A c c o m m od a t i o ns

W a s t ew at e r

Ga l l e y

Ho l d i n g

Ta n k

(1 )

37 m 3 

# Gr a y wa t e r

S t o r ag e T a n k s (2 )

~1 2 0 m 3 

# ea ch

[ S e e F

i gur e 2- 2]

G r

eas e T r ap A c c o m m od a t i o ns H o l d i n g

T a nk ~ 1 2 m 3 

# L a

u ndr y

W a s t ew at e r L a u ndr y

Ho l d i n g T a n k

(1 )

47 m 3



# Fo o d

So l i d s 

# Fo o d Pu l p e r Sy s t e m

Tr a s h A s h S t or a g e

Ho p p e r As

h 

# As h t o

Sh o r e s i d e

Di s p o s a l In c i n e r a t o r SP

- 1 / 2

SP

- 3

SP- 5

SP- 4

SP

- 1 3 / 1 4 

# EF M



# Fo o d

Wa s t e W a s t ew ate r 

# Ga l l e y

W a s t ew at e r G r eas e T r ap

G r

eas e T r ap A c c o m m od a t i o ns H o l d i n g

T a nk ~ 1 2 m 3



# A c c o m m od a t i o ns H o l d i n g

T a nk ~ 1 2 m 3



# Se w a g e

C o l l e c t i on T a nks

(4 )

[ S e e F i gur e 2

- 2] Se w a g e

EF M SP -# 

# D e s i gna t e d S a m p li

ng P o i n t

EP A F l o w M e t e r

( # ) Nu m b e r o f T a n k s



# Figure 2-1. Grayw ater and Sew age Collection, Holding and Transfer System,

Holland America Veendam

Sim p lified diagram of the Holland Am erica Veendam gr aywater and sewage CHT System

. See Table 2-1

for a list of wastewater str eam s in each wastewater source.



# 2-12ScreenSolidsSolidsCollection Tank32m3AirGraywaterStorageTank~120m3GraywaterStorageTank~120m3VFMSewageCollectionTankSewageCollectionTankSewageCollectionTankSewageCollectionTankVFMSP-6/7MaceratorPumpSolidsScreenSP-11ScreenSolidsDisposedofOnshoreEFMLaundry,Accommodations,FoodPulper,andGalleyWastewater[SeeFigure2-1]ScreenedWastewaterCollectionTank10m3SewageSewageSewageSewageTreatedEffluentRecycle(fordilution)SodiumCausticHypochloriteSodiumDefoamerWashHypochlorite(rarely)AcidAcidAirAirWashBioreactorMembraneChamberBackwashTankMixedLiquorDoubleBottomHoldingTankSP-12DischargeOverboardOutside 12nmMixedLiquorBioreactorMembraneChamberBackwashTankWasteBiosludgeUltravioletDisinfectionSP-8SP-9/10OverboardContinuousDischargeEFMVFMStorage inDoubleBottomHoldingTanksforDischargeOutside12nm



# 2-13AirAirAcidAcid(rarely)WashDefoamerSodiumEFMVFMSP-#DesignatedSamplingPointCausticSodiumHypochloriteHypochloriteEPAFlowMeterWashVeendamFlowMeterFigure 2-2.Zenon Treatment System, Holland America VeendamSimplified diagramof the Holland America VeendamZenon membranebioreactor treatment system.See Table 2-1 for a list of wastewater streams in each wastewatersource, and Figure 2-1 for their collection and conveyance to the treatment system.

# 3.0 

# S AMPLE 

# C OLLECTION AND 

# A NALYSIS 

# M ETHODOLOGY



# This section describes the sam p le collection and analysis m e thods and deviations

from the ship-specific Sam p ling and Analysis Plan for Holland Am erica Veendam (Veendam

SAP; Appendix E). A m o re detailed explanati on of the sam p ling m e thodologies, analytes and

analytical m e thods, sam p ling frequency and durati on, schedule, and logistics that were followed

during sam p ling onboard the Veendam can be found in Section 3.0 of the Veendam SAP.

3.1 Pre-Sampling Activities

EPA performed an engineering ship visit to the Veednam on March 27, 2004.

T he Veendam SAP was prepared based on inform ation collected during that ship visit and from

subsequent follow-up com m unication with Holland Am erica personnel. One week prior to the

sam p ling episode, personnel conducted sam p ling setup activities onboard the Veendam

, including

loading sam p ling equipm ent and the onboard laboratory, inspecting the installed sam p ling ports,

installing the strap-on ultrasonic flow m eters, and installing and program m i ng the autom atic

sam p ling m achines.

3.2 Sample Collection and Analysis Methodology

In general, graywater sources and wastewater treatm e nt residual sam p les were

taken for one 24-hour period, while sam p les of the influent to and effluent from the treatm e nt

system were taken for five consecutive 24-hour periods (see Tables 2-1 and 2-2). Various

sam p le collection m e thods (described in Table 3-1) were used depending on the waste stream

and analyte (see Table 3-2). Most sam p les were com posited over each 24-hour sam p ling period

or were single grab sam p les in a 24-hour period. However, m u ltiple (1 to 4) grab sam p les per

24-hour period were collected for pathogen indicator analyses because these sam p les m u st be

analyzed within 6 hours of collection (see Table 3-2). Table 3-3 describes the analyte groups

and lists the analytical m e thods used.

3-1

# 3.3 Each tim e a grab or grab com posite sam p le was taken, another separate sam p le

was placed in a separate container to perform field m easurem ents of pH, tem p erature,

conductivity, salinity, turbidity, sulfide, and free and total chlorine on board. Tem p erature and

pH were m easured im m e diately at the sam p ling point, and the rem a ining param e ters were

m easured at the sam p le staging area on board. See Table 3-4 for equipm ent used for these

m easurem ents. Field m easurem ents are used prim arily to determ ine sam p le preservation

requirem e nts. Sam p les (other than those used for field m easurem ents) were preserved in

accordance with procedures described in the Veendam SAP (Appendix E), with exceptions as

noted in Section 3.6 and Table 3-5. Note that while Alaska and Federal regulations for cruise

ship discharges include standards for total residual chlorine, the equipm ent used to m e asure

residual chlorine onboard was not suitable for m easuring low levels of chlorine (detection lim it

of 20 μg/L com p ared to a standard of 10 μg/L) and was subject to various interferences, such as

from oxidized form s of m a nganese. Accordingly, the field m easurem ents collected during this

sam p ling episode should not be used to assess com p liance with cruise ship discharge standards.

Flow data were collected from both the strap-on flow m e ters installed by the

sam p ling team and the pre-existing Veendam in-line flow m e ters. See Section 2.4 for

descriptions of the flow m e ter locations and Figur es 2-1 and 2-2 for their locations. The strap-on

flow m e ters were program m e d to record the instantaneous flow rate (m 3 

# /m in) and total

cum u lative f l ow (m 3 

# ) every five m i nutes. Total cum u lative flow (m 3 

# ) f r om the in-line f l ow

m e ters was m a nually recorded approxim a tely every four hours during the sam p ling episode.

Converting Solids Mass Units to Volume Units

The food pulper, screening solids, and waste biosludge sam p les had high solids

contents; theref ore, the results listed below were reported by the laboratories in m a ss units.

C 

# Food pulper: volatile and sem i volatile organics;

C 

# Screening solids: classical pollutants (except total and available cyanide),

total m e rcury, and volatile and sem i volatile organics; and

3-2

# C 

# W a ste biosludge: classical pollutants (except total and available cyanide),

total m e rcury, and volatile and sem i volatile organics.

Solids contents for these sam p les ranged from 1.3% to 2.9%. To allow for direct com p arison of

these results to those of other wastewater sam p les, m a ss units for these sam p les were converted

to volum e units using the following equation and assum i ng a sam p le density of 1:

Am ount (m ass units) * (% solids/100) = Am ount (volum e units)

All data in this report pertaining to food pulper, screening solids, and waste

biosludge sam p les are reported in volum e units. The laboratory data packages, which are

included in the Cruise Ship Rulem a king Record and available upon request, contain the original

m a ss units results reported by the laboratories. Note that the analytical results f o r the incinerator

ash sam p le were also reported in m a ss units. However, the incinerator ash results were not

converted because the sam p le was 97.1% solids.

3.4 Quality Assurance/Quality Control

Duplicate sam p les were collected f o r quality assurance and quality control.

Results for duplicate sam p les were averaged. See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 for

details on duplicate sam p ling. Other field quality control sam p les prepared for this sam p ling

episode include a trip blank and an equipm ent blank, which are discussed in Sections 5.2.1 and

5.2.2, respectively.

3.5 Interview w i th the Ship’s Crew

The ship’s crew was interviewed to obtain inf o rm ation regarding activities that

im pact wastewater generation. See Appendix C for details on these interviews and Section 4.2

for a sum m a ry.

3-3

# 3.6 Deviations from the Sampling and Analysis Plan

The sam p ling episode proceeded as specified in the Veendam SAP with the

deviations described in Table 3-5.

3-4Table 3-1Sample Collection Method Descriptions, Holland America Veendam



# 3-5Sample CollectionMethodDescriptionComposite byFlowFlow-weighted composite sampleswere collectedusing an automatic sampling machine interfaced with an installed strap-on ultrasonic flowmeter (see Section 2.4).The flow meter signaled the automaticsampling machine to collect a 250-mLsample aliquot each time afixedquantityof wastewater passed through the wastewater pipe.Thenumber of composite sample aliquots collected per 24-hour samplingperiod ranged fromapproximately75 to 150, depending on the totalvolume of sample required for planned analyses each samplingday.Sample aliquots were collected into a 10-L sample composite jarstored within the sampling machine.At the end of each 24-hoursamplingperiod, the sample composite jar(s) were mixed and poured intoindividual sample bottles for analysis.Samples collected usingthecomposite-by-flow method best representa waste stream flowing through a pipe.Composite byTimeTime-weighted composite samples were collected using an automaticsampling machine programmed to collect 250-mL sample aliquots atfixed time intervals.The programmed time interval differed bysampling point (see Table 3-2).The number of composite samplealiquotscollected per 24-hour sampling period rangedfrom approximately75 to 150, depending on the total volume of sample required forplannedanalyses.Sample aliquots were collected into a 10-L sample composite jar stored within the sampling machine.At the end of the 24-hoursampling period, the sample composite jar(s) were mixed and poured into individual sample bottles for analysis.The composite-by-timemethod was used when the composite-by-flow method was not feasible.GrabGrab samples were discrete samples collected directlyintothe sample bottles fromthe sample tap or through Teflon® tubingconnected tothe sample tap.Note that samples for pathogen indicator analyses were collected asgrab samples (as opposed to composite samples)because theymust be analyzed within a 6-hour holding time.Grab CompositeSamples (1 to 4 per 24-hour sampling period) were manuallycollected as grab samples but composited either in thefield or at the laboratoryfor a single analysis.The grab compositemethod was used when the composite-by-flow or composite-by-time methods were notappropriate.Volatile organics- grab samples were collected directlyinto sample vials, which were filled completelyto avoid loss of target analytes byvolatilization.Grab samples for each 24-hour period for analysisof volatile organics were composited bythe laboratoryfor asingleanalysis.Total and available cyanide- grab samples were chemicallypreserved as soonas possible to minimize sample interferences.Thepreserved total and available cyanide grab samples for each 24-hour period were composited onboard bythe sampling teamfor a singleanalysis.Hexane extractable material/silica-gel treatedhexane extractable material (HEM/SGT-HEM)- grab sampleswere collected directlyinto sample containers to avoid loss of HEM/SGT-HEM that might adhere to the interior of anyinterim sampling container (e.g.,samplecomposite jar).See Table 3-5, HEM/SGT-HEM sample collection, for a description ofthe HEM/SGT-HEM grab composite samplingmethod, resulting in a single analysis for each 24-hour sampling period.

# 3-6Table 3-2Sample Collection Methods and Analyte Groups Tested by Sampling Point,Holland America VeendamWastewaterNameSampling Point#(a)(b)SampleCollection Methods (c)AnalyteGroups Tested(d)# of DaysSampledLaundrySP-1/2Composite bytimeAutomatic sampling machine was programmed to collect 250-mL sample aliquots atthree-minute time intervals.The sampling machine successfullycollected samplealiquots onlyduring the relativelyfew intervals during the 24-hour sampling period(2300 on 6/23/04 to 2300 on 6/24/04) when thelaundrywastewater was generated andflowed through the inlet pipe to the holdingtank, therebymore closelyapproximating aflow-weighted composite sample.Classical pollutants:- BOD5- Settleable residue- Group I- Group IITotal and dissolved metalsSemivolatile organicsDioxins and furans1 (Day4)Grab compositeCollection times of the foursubsamples in thecomposite can be found in Appendix A-3.Classical pollutants:- HEM/SGT-HEM- Total and available cyanideVolatile organicsGrabOne grab sample was taken.Appendix A-1 shows the collection time.Pathogen indicatorsAccommodationsSP-3Composite bytimeAutomatic sampling machine was programmed to collect 250-mL sample aliquots atthree-minute time intervals.The sampling machine successfullycollected samplealiquots onlyduring the relativelyfew intervals during the 24-hour sampling period(0600 on 6/23/04 to 0600 on 6/24/04) when the accommodations wastewater holdingtank discharge pump turned on, therebymore closelyapproximating a flow-weightedcomposite sample.Classical pollutants:- BOD5- Settleable residue- Group I- Group IITotal and dissolved metalsSemivolatile organics1 (Day4)GrabOne grab sample was taken.Appendix A-1 shows the collection time.Pathogen indicatorsClassical pollutants:- HEM/SGT-HEM- Total and available cyanideVolatile organics(a)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand treatment systems indicating the sampling point and flow meterlocations.(b)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.(c)See Table 3-1 fordescriptions of sample collection methods.(d)See Table 3-3 foradditional information regarding analytes tested and analytical methods used.(e)Source watersamples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected forfive days.Source watersamples foranalysis of all other analytes were collected for one day (Day 1).Table 3-2 (Continued)



# 3-7WastewaterNameSampling Point#(a)(b)SampleCollection Methods (c)AnalyteGroups Tested(d)# of DaysSampledFood PulperSP-4Grab compositeTo characterize the food pulper wastewater that is conveyed to the wastewater treatmentsystem, grab samples were collected fromthe tank just prior to discharging the foodpulper wastewater holding tank to the wastewater treatment system(i.e., justprior to0800, 1500, and 2000).See Appendix A-3 for the exact collection times for the threesubsamples inthe composite.Classical pollutants:- BOD5- Settleable residue- Group I- Group II- HEM/SGT-HEM- Total and available cyanideTotal and dissolved metalsVolatile and semivolatileorganics1 (Day3)GrabGrab food pulper samples were collected from the same location as described above.Two grab samples were taken.Results presented in Table 4-1 are an average.Resultsand collection timesfor each grab sample are presented in Appendix A-1.Pathogen indicatorsGalleySP-5Composite bytimeAutomatic sampling machine was programmedto collect sample aliquots at 20-minutetime intervals during the 24-hour sampling period (1200 on 6/21/04 to 1200 on 6/22/04).Classical pollutants:- BOD5- Settleable residue- Group I- Group IITotal and dissolved metalsSemivolatile organicsPesticides1 (Day2)Grab compositeCollection times of the foursubsamples in thecomposite can be found in Appendix A-3.Classical pollutants:- HEM/SGT-HEM- Total and available cyanideVolatile organicsGrabOne grab sample was taken.Appendix A-1 shows the collection time.Pathogen indicators(a)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand treatment systems indicating the sampling point and flow meterlocations.(b)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.(c)See Table 3-1 fordescriptions of sample collection methods.(d)See Table 3-3 foradditional information regarding analytes tested and analytical methods used.(e)Source watersamples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected forfive days.Source watersamples foranalysis of all other analytes were collected for one day (Day 1).Table 3-2 (Continued)



# 3-8WastewaterNameSampling Point#(a)(b)SampleCollection Methods (c)AnalyteGroups Tested(d)# of DaysSampledInfluent to ZenonTreatmentSystemSP-6/7Composite byFlowTwenty-four-hour sampling periods began at 0600 each day.Classical pollutants:- BOD5- Settleable residue- Group I- Group IITotal and dissolved metalsSemivolatile organicsPesticidesPolychlorinated biphenyls5Grab CompositeThe collection times of the four subsamplesin the composites each daycan be found inAppendix A-3.Classical pollutants:- HEM/SGT-HEM- Total and available cyanideVolatile organicsGrabThe number of grab samples taken per sampling daywere as follows: 4, 3, 2, 3, 3.Resultspresented in Table 4-2 are an average for each sampling day.Resultsandcollection timesfor each grab sample are presented in Appendix A-1.Pathogen indicatorsInfluent to UVDisinfection partof ZenonTreatmentSystemSP-8GrabThe number of grab samples taken per sampling daywere as follows: 4, 3, 2, 3, 3.Resultspresented in Table 4-3 are an average for each sampling day(calculation useddetection limits for nondetected results).Results and collection times for each grabsample are presented in Appendix A-1.Pathogen indicators5(a)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand treatment systems indicating the sampling point and flow meterlocations.(b)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.(c)See Table 3-1 fordescriptions of sample collection methods.(d)See Table 3-3 foradditional information regarding analytes tested and analytical methods used.(e)Source watersamples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected forfive days.Source watersamples foranalysis of all other analytes were collected for one day (Day 1).Table 3-2 (Continued)



# 3-9WastewaterNameSampling Point#(a)(b)SampleCollection Methods (c)AnalyteGroups Tested(d)# of DaysSampledEffluent fromZenonTreatmentSystemSP-9/10Composite byFlowTwenty-four-hour sampling periods began at 0600 each day.Classical pollutants:- BOD5- Settleable residue- Group I- Group IITotal and dissolved metalsSemivolatile organics5Grab CompositeCollection times of the four subsamplesin the composites each daycan be found inAppendix A-3.Classical pollutants:- HEM/SGT-HEM- Total and available cyanideVolatile organicsGrabThe number of grab samples taken per sampling daywere as follows: 4, 3, 2, 3, 3.Resultspresented in Table 4-4 are an average for each sampling day(calculation useddetection limits for nondetected results).Results and collection times for each grabsample are presented in Appendix A-1.Pathogen indicatorsScreening SolidsSP-11GrabOne grab sample was taken.Appendix A-3 shows the collection time.Classical pollutants:- BOD5- Settleable residue- Group I- Group II- Total and available cyanideTotal metalsVolatile and semivolatileorganics1 (Day1)Waste BiosludgeSP-12GrabOne grab sample was taken.Appendix A-3 shows the collection time.Classical pollutants:- BOD5- Settleable residue- Group I- Group II- Total and available cyanideTotal metalsVolatile and semivolatileorganics1 (Day2)(a)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand treatment systems indicating the sampling point and flow meterlocations.(b)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.(c)See Table 3-1 fordescriptions of sample collection methods.(d)See Table 3-3 foradditional information regarding analytes tested and analytical methods used.(e)Source watersamples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected forfive days.Source watersamples foranalysis of all other analytes were collected for one day (Day 1).Table 3-2 (Continued)



# 3-10WastewaterNameSampling Point#(a)(b)SampleCollection Methods (c)AnalyteGroups Tested(d)# of DaysSampledIncinerator AshSP-13/14GrabOne grab sample was taken.Appendix A-3 shows the collection time.Total metalsSemivolatile organicsDioxins and furans1 (Day1)Source WaterSP-15GrabOne grab sample was taken per sampling dayfor pathogen indicator analyses, while onegrab sample was taken for all other analytes.Appendix A-3 shows the collection times.Pathogen indicatorsClassical pollutants:- BOD5- Settleable residue- Group I- Group II- Total and available cyanideTotal and dissolved metalsVolatile and semivolatileorganics5 / 1 (e)Trip BlankSP-16GrabOne grab sample was taken.High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) water was poured directlyintosample vials in thecontractor'sChantilly, VAsampling roomand shipped to the Veendam.Thetrip blank was shipped back (unopened) to the laboratoryalong with the collectedsamples.Volatile organics1Equipment BlankSP-17GrabOne grab sample was taken.The equipment blank consisted of HPLCwater pumped through the automatic samplingmachine and tubing and directlyinto sample bottles.Total and dissolved metalsSemivolatile organics1(a)See Figures 2-1 and 2-2 forsimplified diagramsof the Veendamgraywaterand sewage CHTand treatment systems indicating the sampling point and flow meterlocations.(b)Two sampling point numbersindicate duplicate samples taken at this point for certain analytes.See Section 5.2.3 and Tables 5-3 and 5-4 fordetails on duplicate sampling.(c)See Table 3-1 fordescriptions of sample collection methods.(d)See Table 3-3 foradditional information regarding analytes tested and analytical methods used.(e)Source watersamples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected forfive days.Source watersamples foranalysis of all other analytes were collected for one day (Day 1).

# Table 3-3

Analytes and Analytical Methods, Holland America Veendam

Analyte Group A nalytes A nalytical Method Number

Pathogen Indicators E. Coli EPA 9223B

Enterococci ASTM D6503-99

Fecal Coliform E PA 9222D

Classical Pollutants B iochem ical Oxygen Dem a nd (BOD

5 

# ) E PA 405.1

Settleable residue (SS) EPA 160.5

Group I:

- Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

- Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

- Sulfate

- Chloride

- Alkalinity EPA 160.2

EPA 160.1

EPA 375.4

EPA 325.3

EPA 310.1

Group II:

- Total Organic Carbon (TOC)

- Chem ical Oxygen Dem a nd (COD)

- Am m onia as Nitrogen

- Nitrate/Nitrite as Nitrogen

- Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)

- Total Phosphorus EPA 415.1

HACH 8000

EPA 350.1

EPA 353.2, EPA 1685 (“solids” sam p les)

EPA 351.3, EPA 1687 (“solids” sam p les)

EPA 365.1

Oil and grease m easured as hexane

extractable m a terial and petroleum

hydrocarbons m easured as silica-gel

treated hexane extractable m a terial

(HEM/SGT-HEM) EPA 1664

Cyanide

- Total cyanide

- Available cyanide EPA 335.3

EPA 1677

Hardness SM 2340B

Total and Dissolved

Metals See Appendix A-2 for com p lete list of

total and dissolved m e tals analyzed. EPA 200.7, EPA 200.8 (selenium and

thallium ) , EPA 245.1 (m ercury, “liquid”

sam p les), EPA 245.5 (m ercury, “solids”

sam p les)

Volatile and

Sem i volatile Organics See Appendix A-2 for com p lete list of

volatile and sem i volatile organics

analyzed. EPA 624

EPA 625

Pesticides See Appendix A-2 for com p lete list of

organohalide and organophosphorus

pesticides analyzed. EPA 1656A

EPA 1657A

Polychlorinated

Biphenyls (PCBs) See Appendix A-2 for com p lete list of

PCBs analyzed. EPA 1668A

Dioxins and Furans See Appendix A-2 for com p lete list of

dioxins and furans analyzed. EPA 1613B



# 3-11

# Table 3-4

Field Measurement Equipment, Holland America Veendam

Parameter M easured by:

pH Four-color pH paper

Tem p erature A lcohol therm o m e ter

Conductivity and Salinity Portable conduc tivity /salinity m e ter (YSI Model 30)

Turbidity Pocket turbidim eter (Hach Cat. No. 52600-00)

Sulfide C olorim eter (Hach DR 890)

Free and Total Chlorine Pocket colorim e ter (Hach Cat. No. 46700-00)



# 3-12Table 3-5Deviations from the Sampling and Analysis Plan, Holland America Veendam



# 3-13DeviationDescriptionPathogen Indicators SampleCollectionThe number of grab samples collected for pathogen indicator analyses was reduced from 97 described in Table 3-1 of the VeendamSAP to66 (including QC samples), primarilydue tocapacitylimitations of the onboard laboratory.The actual number of pathogen indicatorssamplesanalyzed isindicated in the presentation of analyticalresults in Section 4.1 and in Appendix A-1 of this document.The samplingteam collected and analyzed as manypathogen indicators samples as was feasible, withan emphasis on wastewater treatment samples.Although diminished, the resulting pathogen indicators dataset is adequate for EPA’s needs for this program.Pathogen IndicatorsLaboratoryDuplicatesFor 5% of the pathogen indicators samples,duplicate 100-mL sample volumes were takenwith the intention that the laboratorywouldcomposite the 100-mLsample volumes and then analyze duplicate samples fromeach composite sample to evaluate laboratoryprecision(i.e., laboratoryduplicates).However, the laboratorydid not prepare composites, but instead analyzed each of the 100-mLsample volumesindividually.Accordingly,the results obtained from these analysesare field duplicate samples,not laboratoryduplicates, and are presentedand handled as such in this report.See Section 5.2.3 and Table 5-4 for detailson duplicate sampling for pathogen indicators.Pathogen Indicators FieldDuplicate SamplesThe sampling team planned to collect field duplicate samples for pathogen indicators at onlytheeffluent from treatment (SP-9/10).However, the laboratorymistakenlyanalyzed additional pathogenindicators sample volume that was collected as a contingencyattheinfluent to treatment (SP-6/7) and the influent to UV disinfection (SP-8).Contingencysample volume was collected using the samemethodologyas the original sample.Accordingly,the results obtained from these analyses are field duplicates and are presented andhandled as such in this report.The duplicate sample pairs include samples 65224/65310 and 65259/65304.See Section 5.2.3 andTable 5-4for details on duplicate sampling for pathogen indicators.HEM/SGT-HEM SampleCollectionHEM/SGT-HEM grab samples were not analyzedseparatelyat the laboratory.Instead,the sampling team developed a methodologytocomposite the HEM/SGT-HEM grab samples onboard for a single analysisper sampling point per day,rather than up to 4 separate sampleanalyses per sampling point per day.Forexample, at sampling pointswhere a total of four grab sampleswere collected duringa 24-hoursampling period, the sampling teamfilled approximatelyone-fourth(250 mL) of the sample containers when theycollected each grabsample, resulting in 1-liter of sample in each container at theend of each sampling period.This deviation significantlyreduced samplehandling and storage requirements, which were limited onboard the ship, while still producing a HEM/SGT-HEM data set adequate forEPA’s needs for this program.HEM/SGT-HEM FieldDuplicate SamplesField duplicate samples for HEM/SGT-HEM analysis were not planned.However, due tosampler error on the sample bottle labels,thelaboratorymistakenlyanalyzed additional HEM/SGT-HEMsample volume that wascollected asa contingencyat certain samplingpoints/days.Contingencysamplevolume was collected using the same methodologyasthe original sample.Accordingly,the resultsobtained fromthese analysesare field duplicatesand are presentedand handled as such in this report.The duplicate sample pairsincludesamples 65227/65228, 65231/65232, 65269/65270,65273/65274, and 65277/65278.See Section 5.2.3 and Table 5-4 for details on duplicatesampling for HEM/SGT-HEM.HardnessThe methodwas revisedto determine hardness froma field titration measurement to a calculation determined using metals analysis resultsfor calciumand magnesium.The calculation approach is consideredto be more accurate than the field titration approach (see Method2340B inStandard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20thEdition, 1998).Table 3-5 (Continued)



# 3-14DeviationDescriptionLaundryWastewater (SP-1/2)The sampling teamwas unable to integrate the strap-on flowmeter with the automatic sampling machine to collect a flow-weightedcomposite sample at this sampling point.Although the sampling set-up teamwas able to successfullyinstall a strap-on flow meter at thedischarge fromthe laundrywastewater holding tank, the sampling tap was not installed at this sameposition due to comminglingof othergraywater sources caused bybackflow from the graywater main common line.(Note: the flow meter was set to ignore negative flowthrough the pipe.)Instead, the ship’s crew installed the sampling tap on the gravitydrain inlet pipe to the laundrywastewater holding tank.The strap-on flow meter could not be used to initiate collectionof flow-weighted composite samples because flow measurements at thedischarge pipe consistentlytriggered samplecollection when no wastewater wasflowingin the inlet pipe.As an alternative samplingmethodology, the automatic sampling machine was programmed to collecta time-weighted composite sample as described in Table 3-2.EPAconcluded that thecollected samples were representative of laundrywastewater as generated onboard the Veendam.AccommodationsWastewater(SP-3), Composite SamplesThe strap-on flow meter set-up and calibration procedure wasunsuccessful at the accommodationswastewater sampling point (theoutletpipe fromthe accommodations wastewater holding tank), most likelydueto poor pipe flow conditionssuch as pipe scaling or extremeaeration.As a result, flow data could not be collected at this sampling point.In addition,the flow meter could not be usedto initiatecollection of flow-weighted composite samples at SP-3 as described in the Veendam SAP.As an alternative sampling methodology,theautomatic sampling machine wasprogrammed to collect a time-weightedcomposite sample as describedin Table 3-2.EPAconcludedthat the collected samples wererepresentative of accommodations wastewater as generated onboard the Veendam.AccommodationsWastewater(SP-3),GrabSamplesThe sampling teamsuccessfullycollected onlyone of the four planned grab samples at SP-3 due to the inabilityto coordinate samplecollection timeswith adequate wastewater volumesin the accommodationsholding tank.After collecting the first sample, samplersunsuccessfullyattempted to collect grab samples bymanuallyoperating the dutypump approximatelyonce per hour throughout the24-hoursampling period.EPAconcluded that the single grab sample represented an instantaneous snapshot of accommodations wastewater asgenerated onboard theVeendam.Effluent From Treatment (SP9/10)The sampling team was unable to use the input/output on the existing flow meter at SP-9/SP-10 tocollect flow-weighted composite samplesat this sampling point because it would modifyexisting flow meter outputs.As an alternative sampling methodology, the sampling teaminstalled a strap-on flow meter at this location to collect flowcharacterization data and to control automatic composite sample collection.Comparison of the instantaneous flow measurements for the existing and strap-onflow meters throughout the sampling episodedemonstrated excellent agreement.This deviation had no impact on the representativenessof the collected samples.Composite byflow sampling at SP-9/SP-10was suspended on Day3 from0645 to 2120 becauseoverboard discharge was restricted whilethe ship cruised Glacier Bay.(The flow meter that controlled composite byflow sample collection was located on the overboarddischargepipe, but during this time the effluent was diverted to double-bottom holding tanks.)However, grab and grab composite sampleswere takenduring this period.Waste Biosludge (SP-12)The sampling teamwas unable to collect waste biosludge samples during overboard discharge because of the inabilityto install a functionalsample tap on the vertical gravityflow discharge piping.Asan alternative sampling methodology, the sampling team collecteda one-timegrab sample of waste biosludge before itwas sent to and held in the double-bottomholding tank for eventual discharge 12 nm from shore.Accordingly,the collected samples characterize wastebiosludge as generated rather than as discharged.Table 3-5 (Continued)



# 3-15DeviationDescriptionCyanide Sample PreservationThe supplyof lead carbonate preservative was consumed after the second sampling day.Therefore, for sampling Days3 through 5, sampleswere not treated to remove sulfide prior toreceipt bythe laboratory.See the memorandumIssues Associated with Results for Total CyanideVersus Available Cyanide, included in Appendix D, for further information regarding the impact of sulfide interferenceson cyanide results.Volatile Organics PreservationFree chlorinewas detected in presampling field tests atall sampling points.Based on these results, the sampling teamprepreserved allvolatile organics sample vials with sodiumthiosulfate ratherthan waiting to determine preservation requirements based on thefree chlorinefield test results.Free chlorine was generallydetected ingrab samples collected throughoutthe sampling episode.(Sample vials were alsoprepreserved with hydrochloric acid to control biological activityas discussed in the Veendam SAP.)Analytical MethodsEPA-contracted laboratories substituted comparable approved EPA analytical methods for analysis of certain analytes.Table 3-3 lists theactual analytical methods used bythe laboratories.Note that while the VeendamSAP correctlylisted EPA Methods 624 and 625 as the planned methods for analyzing volatile and semivolatileorganics, respectively,Appendix E of theVeendam SAP mistakenlylisted the targetanalytes for EPA Methods 1624 and 1625.AppendixA-2 of this report presentsthe actual list of target volatile and semivolatile organics.Sampling ScheduleThe sampling teamadjusted the sampling schedule in Appendix C of the VeendamSAPto accommodate sampling logistics and shipoperations.Refer to Appendix A-3 of this report for actual samples collected and sample collection dates/times.Ship Overview InaccuraciesCertain information in Section 3.0, Ship Overview, of the VeendamSAP,wasinaccurate or incomplete:CFood pulper wastewater.Food pulper wastewater is not pretreated bygrease traps but conveyed to the treatment system withoutpretreatment.CWastewatertreatment chemical addition.Operatorsadd defoamer (rarely) and causticto the bioreactor asneeded; nitrogen (nutrient)addition is no longer used and has been disabled.Operators addcitric acid and sodium hypochlorite to the membrane backwash tankon alternate days.CUltrafiltration membrane cleaning cycle.See Section 2.2 of this report for a description of the membrane cleaning cycle.CWastewater treatment residuals.See Section 2.2 of this report for additionalinformation regarding wastewater treatment sludgegeneration, handling, and discharge/disposal.

# 4.0 

# R ESULTS AND 

# D ISCUSSION



# This section presents the data collected during this sam p ling episode. Section 4.1

presents the analytical results and discussion; Section 4.2 presents interview results for activities

that im pact wastewater generation; and Section 4.3 presents flow data and analysis. Analytical

results for field m easurem ents perform e d onboard are presented in Appendix A-3. Note that

anom alous analytical results were obtained for available and total cyanide; these data have not

been excluded from the data set, but the results are presented in and discussed in Section 5.1.1

(in the data quality section of this report) and not in the current section.

4.1 Laboratory Analytical Results and Discussion

4.1.1 Grayw ater

Table 4-1 presents analytical results for laundry, accom m odations, food pulper,

and galley wastewaters, which were sam p led for one 24-hour period. Only those analytes

detected at least once in any of the wastewater sam p les (i.e., graywater sources, influent to

treatm e nt system , or effluent from treatm e nt syst em ) are included in this table. Appendices A-1

and A-2 present results for both detected and nondetected analytes.

Of the 295 analytes tested for in the graywater sources, 67 were detected in these

waste stream s. Twenty-one of these 67 analytes were also detected at som e level in the

equipm ent blank (flagged by an “e” in Table 4-1; see Table 5-2 for equipm ent blank results),

m eaning that the sam p ling equipm ent m a y have contributed som e or all of these analytes to the

sam p les. EPA will consider the im pact of possible contam ination f r om sam p ling equipm ent in a

future analysis. Thirty-two of these 67 detected analytes were also detected at som e level in the

potable water used as source water for all graywater system s (flagged by an “s” in Table 4-1; see

Table 4-8 for source water results), m eaning that the source water m a y have contributed som e or

all of these analytes to the sam p les.

Chart 1 presents the num ber of analytes detected in each graywater source.

4-1

# Chart 1. Number of Analytes Detected in Grayw ater Sources

Analyte Group (a) Number of Analytes Detected

Laundry A ccommodations F ood Pulper Galley

Pathogen Indicators 0 3 3 3

Classical Pollutants 1 4 1 4 1 5 1 3

Total and Dissolved Metals 29 33 42 33

Volatile and Sem i volatile

Organics 1 4 2 2

Total 4 4 5 4 6 2 5 1

(a) See Table 3-3 for inform ation on analyte groups.



# Chart 2 presents the num ber of analytes that were detected in each graywater

source at the highest concentration. For exam ple, the highest detected concentrations for two of

the pathogen indicators were found in the food pulper wastewater, while the highest detected

concentration for the third indicator was found in the accom m odations wastewater. Note that a

graywater source that has the highest concentrati on of an analyte will not necessarily contribute

the greatest am ount of that analyte to the wastewater treatm e nt system

. The total am ount of an

analyte contributed by a particular graywater source also will depend on that source’s volum e

com p ared to the volum es of the other sources. Flow (and thus volum e) inform ation was not able

to be collected for all graywater sources (see Table 2-1).

Chart 2. Number of Analytes Detected at Highest Concentration in Grayw ater

Analyte Group (a) Number of

Analytes Detected

in Graywater Number of Analytes Detected at the Highest Concentration

Laundry A ccommodations F ood Pulper Galley

Pathogen Indicators 3 0 1 2 0

Classical Pollutants 1 6 1 0 1 5 0

Total and Dissolved

Metals 44 4 8 32 0

Volatile and

Sem i volatile

Organics 4 0 2 2 0

Total 6 7 5 11 51 0

(a) See Table 3-3 for inform ation on analyte groups.



# Food pulper wastewater contained both th e greatest num ber of detected analytes

(62) and the greatest num ber of analytes detect ed at the highest concentration (51 out of 67

4-2

# detected analytes). Food pulper wastewat er had the highest concentrations of E. coli and

enterococci, alm o st all classical pollutants (including hexane extractable m a terial (HEM) and

silica-gel treated hexane extractable m a terial (SGT-HEM), nutrients, and solids), and m o st

m e tals.

Accom m odations wastewater contained a total of 54 analytes and showed the

highest concentration am ong the wastewaters for 11 of the analytes, including fecal coliform

,

tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, and 8 m e tals.

Laundry wastewater contained a total of 44 analytes and showed the highest

concentration for 5 analytes, including alkalinity and several dissolved m e tals. Laundry

wastewater was the only graywater source that was analyzed for dioxins and furans because this

was the m o st likely possible source of these analytes; none were detected.

Galley wastewater contained a total of 51 analytes but did not have the highest

concentration of any of the analytes am ong gray water sources. Galley wastewater did, however,

show the second highest concentration for several analytes com m only used to m easure

wastewater strength: al1 3 pathogen i ndicators, biochem i cal oxygen dem a nd (BOD

5 

# ), chem ical

oxygen dem a nd (COD), HEM/SGT-HEM, and total suspended solids (TSS). The galley

wastewater was sam p led before pretreatm e nt (grease trap), which would reduce HEM/SGTHEM concentrations prior to entering the wastew ater treatm e nt system

. Galley wastewater was

the only graywater source that was analyzed for pesticides because this was the m o st likely

possible source; none were detected.

4.1.2 Influent to Treatment System

Table 4-2 presents analytical results for the influent to the treatm e nt system

,

which was sam p led for five consecutive 24-hour sam p ling periods. Only those analytes detected

at least once in any of the wastewater sam p les (i.e., graywater sources, influent to treatm e nt

system , or effluent from treatm e nt system ) are included in this table. Appendices A-1 and A-2

present results for both detected and nondetected analytes.

4-3

# Pathogen Indicators and Classical Pollutants

All 3 pathogen indicators and all 16 classical pollutants were detected in the

influent to treatm e nt sam p les. One of these 19 analytes (hardness) was also detected at som e

level in the equipm ent blank (flagged by an “e” in Table 4-2; see Table 5-2 for equipm ent blank

results), m eaning that the sam p ling equipm ent m a y have contributed som e or all of this analyte

to the sam p les. EPA will consider the im pact of possible contam ination f r om equipm ent in a

future analysis. Eight of these detected analytes were also detected at som e level in the potable

water used as source water for all graywater and sewage system s (flagged by an “s” in Table 4-2;

see Table 4-8 for source water results), m eaning that the source water m a y have contributed

som e or all of these analytes to the sam p les.

W a stewater conservation practices used onboard, such as use of vacuum toilets,

result in highly concentrated wastewater. Chart 3 com p ares the influent to the Veendam

treatm e nt system to typical dom estic wastewater for selected pathogen indicators and classical

pollutants. Fecal coliform and enterococci concentrations in the influent to the Veendam

treatm e nt system were two or m o re orders of m a gnitude greater than in typical untreated

dom estic wastewater. Key analytes com m only used to assess wastewater strength, such as

BOD

5 

# , TSS, and COD, were detected at concentrations two or m o re tim es greater than typical

dom estic wastewater.

Chart 3. Comparison of Influent to Veendam Treatment System to Untreated Domestic

Wastew a ter

Analyte Influent to Veendam

Treatment System Untreated Domestic

Wastewater (a)

Enterococci 10 5 

# to 10 6 

# MPN/100 m L 10 2 

# to 10 3 

# num ber/100 m L

Fecal Coliform 1 0 6 

# to 10 7 

# CFU/100 m L 10 4 

# to 10 5 

# num ber/100 m L

Am m onia 60 to 84 m g /L 12 to 50 m g /L

Biochem i cal Oxygen Dem a nd (BOD

5 

# ) 481 to 786 m g /L 110 to 400 m g /L

Chem ical Oxygen Dem a nd (COD) 799 to 2,040 m g /L 250 to 1,000 m g /L

Nitrate/Nitrite ND to 0.07 m g /L 0 m g /L

Oil and Grease 41 to 164 m g /L 50 to 150 m g /L

Total Phosphorus 10 to 20 m g /L 4 to 15 m g /L

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 473 to 805 m g /L 100 to 350 m g /L

(a) Source: Metcalf & Eddy, Wastewater Engineering , Third Edition, 1991.



# 4-4

# Total and Dissolved Metals

Of the 36 m e tal analytes detected in the influent to treatm e nt sam p les, 27 were

detected in every influent to treatm e nt sam p le (Table 4-2). Twenty of these 36 analytes were

detected at som e level in the equipm ent blank (flagged by an “e” in Table 4-2; see Table 5-2 for

equipm ent blank results), m eaning that the sam p ling equipm ent m a y have contributed som e or

all of these analytes to the sam p les. EPA will consider the im pact of possible contam ination

from equipm ent in a future analysis. Twenty-four of these detected analytes were also detected

at som e level in the potable water used as source water for all graywater system s (flagged by an

“s” in Table 4-2; see Table 4-8 for source water results), m eaning that the source water m a y have

contributed som e or all of these analytes to the sam p les.

The 10 m e tal analytes detected at the highest concentrations were: total and

dissolved calcium , total and dissolved m a gnesium , total and dissolved iron, total and dissolved

sodium , total alum inum , and total zinc. Total and dissolved copper, nickel, selenium , and zinc,

and dissolved m e rcury are priority pollutant m e tals (designated by EPA in 40 CFR Part 423,

Appendix A) that were detected in every influent to treatm e nt sam p le. Som e m e tals m a y result

from contact with carbon and stainless steel pipes and tanks in the ship.

Volatile and Semivolatile Organics, Pesticides, PCBs

Am ong the 365 target analytes for volatile and sem i volatile organics, pesticides,

and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), only 9 we re detected in any Veendam influent to

treatm e nt sam p les: 2 sem i volatile organics, 2 vol atile organics, and 5 PCBs (Table 4-2). Many

of these analytes were detected at concentrations close to their detection lim its. Neither of the 2

detected sem i volatile organics were detected in the equipm ent blank (see Table 5-2 f o r

equipm ent blank results; volatile organics and PCBs were not analyzed f o r in the equipm ent

blank). None of the 4 detected volatile or se m i volatile analytes were detected in the source

water (see Table 4-8 for source water results; PCBs were not analyzed for in source water).

4-5

# The two sem i volatile organics detected in the inf l uent to treatm e nt were: bis(2­

ethylhexyl)phthalate and phenol. Bi s(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate is a plasticizer (a chem ical added to

plastics to m a ke them flexible) and is com m only detected in environm ental sam p les (ATSDR,

2002). Cruise ships use a wide variety of plas tic products (e.g., floor tiles, shower curtains,

hoses, packaging m a terials and containers, PVC pi ping) that m a y result in the presence of bis(2­

ethylhexyl)phthalate in the influent to treatm e nt. Other possible sources include tubing and

other plastic m a terials used by the analytical laboratory.

Phenol is both m a n-m a de and produced naturally. It is found in hum an wastes

(urine). It is also found in som e foods (sm oked sum m e r sausage, fried chicken, m ountain

cheese, som e species of fish). Man-m a de sources include the use of phenol as a slim icide, as a

disinfectant, and in m e dicinal preparations such as ointm e nts, ear and nose drops, and antiseptic

wipes. (ATSDR, 1998) All of these are possibl e sources for the presence of phenol in cruise

ship wastewater.

The two volatile analytes detected in the inf l uent to treatm e nt were

tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene. Tetrachloroethene is a solvent used in m e tal cleaning and

dry cleaning (EPA, 2001). The Veendam has a dr y cleaning facility, but all tetrachloroethene

wastes are collected for shoreside waste disposal. According to the ship’s crew, noncontact

cooling water (cooling water that does not com e into contact with dry cleaning solvent) is routed

to the accom m odations wastewater system

. Tetrachloroethene was detected in accom m odations

wastewater; however, the average tetrachloroethene concentration in the influent to wastewater

treatm e nt was alm o st 20 tim es greater than the tetrachloroethene concentration detected in

accom m odations wastewater. Interviews with the ship’s crew did not identify any other sources

of tetrachloroethene aboard the Veendam

.

Trichloroethene is a solvent used in m e tal degreasing, m e tal finishing, paint and

ink form ulation, and electrical/electronic com ponents (EPA, 2001). The Veendam print shop is

equipped with a sink used for hand washing and diluting chem icals. The sink drains to the

accom m odations wastewater system

. Trichloroethene was detected in the accom m odations

wastewater and in the influent to treatm e nt at sim ilar concentrations.

4-6

# No pesticides were detected in the influent to the Veendam wastewater treatm e nt

system

.

Five PCB congeners and co-eluting congener groups were detected in the influent

to the wastewater treatm e nt system : PCB-6, PCB-11, PCB-16, PCB-21+PCB-33, and PCB153+PCB-168. In addition, the laboratory reported values for total dichloro-biphenyls and total

PCBs. PCBs were generally detected at very low concentrations, less than one part per billion,

just above the reported detection lim it. The only exception was PCB-11 (3,3' -dichlorobiphenyl),

which was detected at a concentration of twice the detection lim it. None of the detected PCBs

were am ong the 12 “toxic” PCBs identified by the W o rld Health Organization. (Note that PCBs

were not analyzed for in the source water.)

4.1.3 Influent to the Ultraviolet (UV) Di sinfection Part of the Treatment System

Table 4-3 presents pathogen indicator resu lts for the influent to UV disinfection

part of the Veendam ’ s wastewater treatm e nt system

. Grab sam p les for pathogen indicator

analyses were collected at this sam p ling point for five consecutive 24-hour sam p ling periods.

Pathogen indicators, which were generally in the m illions at the influent to the treatm e nt system

(see Table 4-2), were reduced to less than 100 after the bioreactor and m e m b rane filter (i.e.,

before the UV disinfection step). Data for pathoge n indicators in the final effluent (i.e., after the

UV disinfection step) are presented in the next section.

4.1.4 Effluent from the Treatment System

Table 4-4 presents analytical results for the effluent from the treatm ent system

,

which was sam p led for five consecutive 24-hour sam p ling periods. Only those analytes detected

at least once in any of the wastewater sam p les (i.e., graywater sources, influent to treatm e nt

system , or effluent from treatm e nt system ) are included in this table. Appendices A-1 and A-2

present results for both detected and nondetected analytes.

4-7

# Pathogen Indicators and Classical Pollutants

A total of 15 grab sam p les were collected for analysis of the three pathogen

indicators over the five 24-hour sam p ling periods (results and collection tim es for each grab

sam p le are presented in Appendix A-1). Pathogen indicators generally were not detected in the

effluent from the treatm e nt system ; the exceptions to this were 2 grab sam p les, both on Day 4,

with enterococci detected at concentrations close to the detection lim it.

Thirteen of the 16 classical pollutants we re detected in effluent from treatm e nt

system ; 3 classical pollutants (HEM, SGT-HEM, and TSS) were not detected in any effluent

sam p les. One of the 13 detected classical analytes



# S hardness



# S was also detected at som e level in

the equipm ent blank (flagged by an “e” in Table 4-4; see Table 5-2 for equipm ent blank results),

m eaning that the sam p ling equipm ent m a y have contributed som e or all of this analyte to the

sam p les. EPA will consider the im pact of possible contam ination f r om equipm ent in a f u ture

analysis. Eight of these detected analytes were also detected at som e level in the potable water

used as source water for all graywater and sewage system s (flagged by an “s” in Table 4-4; see

Table 4-8 for source water results), m eaning that the source water m a y have contributed som e or

all of these analytes to the sam p les.

Chart 4 shows that classical pollutant concentrations in the effluent from the

Veendam treatm e nt system are lower than EPA’s standards for secondary treatm e nt.

Chart 4. Classical Pollutant Comparison of Effluent from Veendam Treatment System to

Secondary Treatment Standards

Classical Pollutant Average Effluent from

Veendam Treatment System Secondary Treatment

Standards (a)

Biochem i cal Oxygen Dem a nd (BOD

5 

# ) < 3.20 m g /L 45 m g /L

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) ND(5.00) m g /L 45 m g /L

(a) 40 CFR 133.102 Secondary Treatm e nt Regulations, 7-day average.

< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value ( calculation uses detection lim its for nondetected results).

ND - Not detected (num ber in parentheses is detection lim it).



# 4-8

# Total and Dissolved Metals

Am ong the 54 total and dissolved m e tals analytes tested for, 29 were detected in

one or m o re effluent from treatm e nt sam p les (Tab le 4-4). Of these 29 detected m e tals analytes,

23 were detected in every effluent from treatm e nt sam p le. Seventeen of the 29 detected m e tal

analytes were also detected at som e level in the equipm ent blank (flagged by an “e” in Table 4-4;

see Table 5-2 for equipm ent blank results), m eaning that the sam p ling equipm ent m a y have

contributed som e or all of these analytes to the sam p les. EPA will consider the im pact of

possible contam ination from equipm ent in a future analysis. Twenty-three of these detected

analytes were also detected at som e level in the potable water used as source water for all

graywater system s (flagged by an “s” in Table 4-4; see Table 4-8 for source water results),

m eaning that the source water m a y have contributed som e or all of these analytes to the sam p les.

The 10 m e tal analytes detected at the highest concentrations were total and

dissolved calcium , m a gnesium , iron, sodium , and zinc. Total and dissolved copper, nickel,

selenium , and zinc, and dissolved m e rcury are priority pollutant m e tals (designated by EPA in 40

CFR Part 423, Appendix A) that were detected in every effluent from treatm e nt sam p le. Som e

m e tals m a y result from contact with carbon steel a nd stainless steel pipes and tanks in the ship.

There are no EPA secondary treatm e nt standards for m e tals.

Volatile and Semivolatile Organics, Pesticides, PCBs, Dioxins and Furans

Am ong the 84 target analytes for volatile and sem i volatile organics analyzed,

only one



# S tetrachoroethene



# S was detected in any Veendam effluent sam p les (Table 4-4).

Tetrachloroethene was detected in the Veendam effluent at an average concentration of 33.4

μg/L. On the Veendam

, possible sources of tetrachloroethene include m e tal cleaning and dry

cleaning (see Section 4.1.2).

Pesticides, PCBs, and dioxins and furans were not analyzed for in the effluent

from the treatm e nt system

.

4-9

# 4.1.5 Wastew a ter Treatment System Performance: Comparison of Influent to

Treatment System and Effluent from Treatment System

The Zenon system successfully rem oved alm o st all pathogen indicators (>99%;

Table 4-5) and m o st classical pollutants, m e tals, and organics (Table 4-6).

Pathogen Indicators and Classical Pollutants

Pathogen indicators were substantially rem oved by the bioreactor and m e m b rane

filter (>96%); any rem a ining pathogen indicator s were generally rem oved by UV disinfection to

levels below detection (overall system efficien cy >99%, see Table 4-5). Fecal coliform and E.

coli were not detected in any of the 15 effluent from treatm e nt sam p les; enterococci was detected

at levels close to the detection lim it in 2 of the 15 sam p les.

The treatm e nt system rem oved alm o st all biochem i cal oxygen dem a nd (BOD

5 

# )

(>99%), and m o st chem ical oxygen dem a nd (COD) (97%) and total organic carbon (TOC)

(93%) (Table 4-6). The system also rem oved alm o st all settleable residue and total suspended

solids (TSS) (both >99%). Oils and greases (HEM and SGT-HEM) were rem oved to levels

below detection.

The treatm e nt system reduced am m onia, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN, which

m easures both am m onia and organic form s of nitrogen), and total phosphorus by approxim a tely

75%, while nitrate/nitrite levels rem a ined relatively unchanged (Table 4-6). Nitrogen is likely

taken up by the m i croorganism s in the bioreactor and rem oved from the system in the waste

biosludge. It is unlikely that nitrogen is rem oved by nitrification (the m echanism of am m onia

biodegradation) as nitrification would have resulted in an increase in nitrate/nitrite concentration,

but these levels rem a ined relatively unchanged. Phosphorus also is m o st likely taken up by the

m i croorganism s in the bioreactor as evidenced by elevated total phosphorus concentrations in the

waste biosludge (see Section 4.1.6 and Table 4-7).

4-10

# Total and Dissolved Metals

The total m e tals analysis m easures both the particulate and dissolved form s of

m e tals, while the dissolved m e tals analysis m easures only the dissolved form

. The difference

between the total and dissolved m e tals m easurem ents is the particulate m e tals concentration.

Metals were present in both particulate and dissolved form s in the influent to the treatm e nt

system (i.e., the total m e tals concentrations exceeded the dissolved m e tals concentrations for

m o st m e tals analytes) (Table 4-2). In com p arison, m e tals were predom inantly present in the

dissolved form in the effluent from the treatm e nt system (i.e., the total and dissolved m e tals

concentrations were sim ilar in these sam p les) (Table 4-4). Furtherm ore, there were elevated

m e tals concentrations in the screening solids and waste biosludge (see Table 4-7). This m e ans

that the treatm e nt system is highly efficient in rem oving particulate m e tals, as would be expected

for m e m b rane filtration (and as supported by >99% rem oval of settleable residue and TSS, see

Table 4-6). The treatm e nt system s rem oved dissolved m e tals with an average efficiency of 37%

(Table 4-6).

Volatile and Semivolatile Organics, Pesticides, PCBs, Dioxins and Furans

The treatm e nt system was able to rem ove m o st of the volatile and sem i volatile

organic com pounds to levels below detection (Table 4-6). Possible rem oval m echanism s include

biological degradation, adsorption onto screeni ng solids and waste biosludge (see Table 4-7),

and/or volatilization.

Pesticides were not detected in the influent to treatm e nt and were not analyzed for

in the effluent from treatm e nt. W h ile PCBs were detected in the influent to treatm e nt at low

levels, they were not analyzed for in the effluent from treatm e nt; EPA has no data regarding the

perform a nce of the Zenon treatm e nt system for rem oving PCBs. Dioxins and furans were not

analyzed for in either the influent to or efflue nt from the treatm e nt system

. Dioxins and furans

were analyzed for in laundry wastewater, and none were detected.

4-11

# 4.1.6 Screening Solids, Waste Biosludge, and Incinerator Ash

Table 4-7 presents the results for analytes detected in one-tim e grab sam p les of

screening solids (from two coarse screens at the beginning of the treatm ent system ), waste

biosludge (excess biological m a ss from the treatm e nt system ’s bioreactor), and incinerator ash

(from incineration of trash, including food solids from the food pulper) collected during the

sam p ling episode. Table 4-7 also shows the averag e influent to treatm e nt analyte concentrations

from Table 4-6 for com p arison.

Most of the analytes detected in the screening solids and waste biosludge were

also detected in the influent to treatm e nt. For m a ny analytes, concentrations in the screening

solids and waste biosludge exceeded those in the influent to treatm e nt, suggesting that these

analytes are rem oved from the system in these waste stream s. See Section 4.1.5 for a detailed

discussion of wastewater treatm e nt system perform a nce.

4.1.7 Source Water

Potable water is used as source water for all ship operations that generate

graywater and sewage (e.g., laundry, galley, food pulper, sinks, showers, and toilets). Potable

water is produced onboard and bunkered while in port, with each source providing

approxim a tely half of the fresh water requirem e nts for the ship. Twelve total m e tals, 12

dissolved m e tals, and 8 classical pollutants were detected in the one-tim e grab sam p le of potable

water collected during this sam p ling episode (Table 4-8). None of the analytes detected in the

source water exceeded Federal drinking water standards (Table 4-8). Five grab sam p les of

source water were collected for pathogen indicat ors analysis. No pathogen indicators were

detected in these sam p les.

4-12

# 4.2 Summary of Interview s Regarding Activities that Impact Wastew a ter

Generation

The ship’s crew was interviewed to obtain inf o rm ation regarding activities that

im pact wastewater generation (see Appendix C for detailed reports). The ship’s crew provided

operational, discharge, and wastewater treatm e nt operating logs corresponding to the period of

the sam p ling episode. These docum ents are included in the Cruise Ship Rulem a king Record and

are available upon request.

4.2.1 Wastew a ter Generation

Galley

The Veendam has two dining room s and 24-hour room service. Approxim a tely

4,700 m eals (breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks) are served daily. The ship’s two galleys are

equipped with six autom a tic washing m achines (dishwashers, glass washer, pot washers). All

six washing m achines operate in the evening, and only one dishwasher operates in the m o rning

to handle the sm all num ber of m eals served at that tim e. Dishes are washed using Solid Power

or Solid Metal Pro (high alkaline solid autom a tic dishm achine detergents). Both detergents

contain 50% caustic soda. The im pact of the caustic com ponent of the dishwashing detergent is

m i nim a l as the pH of the sam p led galley wastewater was 6. The Veendam also uses Rinse Dry,

an autom a tic washing m achine rinse aid, which contains an ethyleneoxy/propyleneoxyderivative nonionic surfactant. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for these products are

included in the Cruise Ship Rulem a king Record and are available upon request.

Laundry

The Veendam laundry is operated 24 hours per day processing approxim a tely five

loads of towels and two loads of linens daily; m o st laundry is washed from approxim a tely 2100

to 0200 each day. On change-over days (i.e., when the ship disem b arks passengers and em barks

new passengers), m o re loads of linens are washed. The laundry uses cleaning agents provided

by Johnson Diversey; MSDS for these cleaning agents are included in the Cruise Ship

4-13

# Rulem a king Record and are available upon request. Table 4-9 lists the laundry cleaning agents

and their ingredients.

Photo Processing

The Veendam has an onboard photo processing lab. All waste photographic

chem icals are collected into drum s for disposal onshore. The drum s are stored in a

sum p /containm ent area to catch any spills. Silver-containing chem ical wastes are pretreated by a

silver recovery unit, which retains the silver within the f ilter f o r eventual recovery. The f iltrate

is collected into a drum and offloaded for di sposal as either hazardous or nonhazardous waste

depending on the tested silver content. A laboratory sink is used to rinse equipm ent such as

chem ical trays. The sink is physically blocked to prohibit discharges to the accom m odations

system , and collected rinse waters are pum ped to the silver recovery unit. The photo lab has no

f l oor drains to ensure spilled chem icals do not enter the drain system

.

Print Shop

The Veendam houses a print shop. The print shop sink is used for hand washing

and diluting chem icals for use. The sink drains to the accom m odations system

. Print shop staff

indicated they are careful not to overflow chem icals into the sink when diluting chem icals. The

shop has no waste pretreatm e nt facilities and no chem icals are stored in the area.

Trichloroethene is a com ponent of print ink and m a y have contributed to detected concentrations

in the accom m odations and influent to treatm e nt wastewater sam p les.

Dry Cleaning

The Veendam has a dry cleaning f acility. Solvent wastes f r om the operation are

disposed of onshore as hazardous waste. According to the ship’s crew, noncontact cooling water

(cooling water that does not com e into contact with dry cleaning solvent) drains to the forward

holding tank that feeds into the accom m odations system

. Dry cleaning solvent is stored in

plastic drum s, and all dry cleaning m achinery, piping, and solvent drum s are located within a

4-14

# curbed area designed to contain any spills or leaks and prevent them f

r om entering any f l oor

drains. A sink adjacent to the dry cleaning m achine is used for hand washing. Squirt bottles

containing stain rem over chem icals are stored over the sink.

Chemical Storage

The ship has a discrete area that is used only for chem ical storage, prim arily

laundry cleaning agents, general purpose cleaners, and hand cleaners (no waste is stored in this

location). There are no sinks present in the chem ical storage area. All chem icals are stored on

pallets with no containm ent. According to the ship’s crew, there are no floor drains in the

storage area. Additional chem icals m a y be stored in other locations, such as engine room shops,

but the sam p ling team did not tour these areas.

4.2.2 Pesticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Use

The Veendam uses Maxforce bait stations (active ingredient fipronil) to m onitor

the ship for insects. The bait stations are designed to attract insects and to keep floor wash water

out. The m onitoring stations are used at all tim es and are usually placed in galleys, bars, garbage

room s, and som e cabins. The Veendam uses two types of spray insecticides: Siegebait (active

ingredient hydram ethylnon) in cracks and crevi ces of grout and tiles and Cykick (active

ingredient cyfluthrin) in other places. Spray insecticides are used only when an infestation is

detected, generally less than once per week. No pesticides were detected in Veendam

wastewater sam p les.

The Veendam does not use fungicides or rodenticides onboard. Traps are set up

to catch rodents, and these are inspected routinely. Every six m onths, the ship hires an outside

contractor to conduct an inspection, and the ship is issued a derat certificate.

4-15

# 4.3 Flow Data

Strap-on ultrasonic flow m e ters were used to collect flow m easurem ents and, in

som e cases, to control autom a tic com posite sam p le m achines on (1) the outlet from the laundry

wastewater holding tank, (2) the influent to the wa stewater treatm e nt system , and (3) the effluent

from the wastewater treatm e nt system (see S ection 2.4 and Figures 2-1 and 2-2). The flow

m e ters were program m e d to record the instantaneous flow rate (m 3 

# /m in) and total f l ow (m 3 

# )

every five m i nutes. Appendix B-1 presents a ll flow m easurem ents from the strap-on flow

me t e r s

.

In addition, flow data were collected from three of the Veendam ’ s in-line flow

m e ters: (1) on the discharge line from sewage collection tanks, (2) on the discharge line from

the graywater storage tanks, and (3) on the effluent from the treatm e nt system (i.e., the overboard

discharge line for treated effluent) (see Section 2.4 and Figure 2-2). Com b ined, the in-line flow

m e ters on the sewage and graywater tank discharges represent the flow into the treatm e nt

system

. Continuous flow readings from the in-line flow m e ters are not recorded on the

Veendam

, so total flow (m 3 

# ) was m a nually recorded 3 to 5 tim es each day. Appendix B-2

presents the recorded in-line flow m e ter data.

Note that the tim es that the in-line flow data were recorded did not always

correspond to exactly 24 hours (readings for each sam p ling day ranged from approxim a tely 22 to

26 hours). Calculations were required to convert these daily flow volum es to the corresponding

24-hour flow volum e. First, the tota l daily flow was calculated as the difference between the

total flows recorded at the end of each sam p ling day. For exam ple, the calculated flow for Day 2

for the effluent from the treatm e nt system was 426 m 3 

# (300,551 m 3 

# at 0915 on June 22, 2004

m i nus 300,125 m 3 

# at 0654 on June 21, 2004). Second, the calculated total daily flow was

prorated to a 24-hour flow volum e by m u ltiplying by 24 hours and dividing by the actual tim e

interval of the recorded daily flow m easurem ents. For exam ple, the ratio for the daily flow

for Day 2 for the effluent from th e treatm ent system was 0.91 (1,440 m i nutes divided by 1,581

m i nutes), resulting in a 24-hour flow volum e of 388 m 3



# . Note that the calculated daily

4-16

# flow rates from the sewage and graywater in-line flow m e ters were sum m e d to determ ine the

total daily f l ow rates to the inf l uent to the treatm e nt system

.

Flow data analyses presented in this section are based on only those flow data

collected during the sam p ling episode of June 20 through June 25. Appendix B contains all flow

data collected while onboard the Veendam from June 18 through 25.

The total daily volum e of laundry wastewater, influent to the treatm e nt system

,

and effluent from the treatm e nt system for each 24-hour sam p ling period from both the strap-on

and in-line flow m e ters are presented in Figure 4-1. The Veendam discontinued discharge for

part of Day 3 of this sam p ling episode (while it cruised Glacier Bay National Park) and diverted

the wastewater to a holding tank for overboard discharge when outside 12 nm of shore, as can be

seen by a dip in the total daily effluent discharge on Day 3. The total daily flow from the

laundry, influent, and effluent (e xcluding Day 3) rem a ined relatively constant over the five-day

sam p ling episode, regardless of whether the ship was in port (Days 1, 4, and 5) or at sea (Days 2

and 3).

The daily flow rates m easured by the strap-on flow m e ter at the influent to

treatm e nt are approxim a tely half the influent flow rates calculated from the Veendam ’ s in-line

flow m e ters (on the discharge pipes from the sewage collection and graywater storage tanks) and

approxim a tely half the flow rates m easured at th e effluent from treatm e nt. These data indicate

that the quantitative f l ow data recorded by the strap-on f l ow m e ter on the inf l uent to the

treatm e nt system are suspect. Therefore, subseque nt analyses of flow rates for the influent to

and effluent from the treatm e nt system are ba sed on flow m easurem ents from the in-line flow

m e ters. (Analyses of laundry flow rates are based on the strap-on flow m e ter as there was no inline flow m e ter at this location.) Qualitative flow data recorded by the strap-on flow m e ter on

the influent to the treatm e nt system (i.e., fluctuations over tim e), which controlled collection of

flow-weighted com posite sam p les at this sam p ling point (see Tables 3-1 and 3-2), are believed to

be accurate based on a com p arison of strap-on and in-line flow m e ter data.

4-17

# Daily flow rates and flow per capita are presented in Table 4-10. Per capita flow

rates were calculated based on 1,820 people (1,300 passengers and 520 crew) onboard during the

sam p ling episode, as reported by the ship’s crew. On average, each person generated

approxim a tely 62 gallons of untreated sewage and graywater per day during the sam p ling

episode. This volum e included approxim a tely 17 gallons of sewage per day and 45 gallons of

graywater per day. Thus, sewage constituted approxim a tely 28% of the total f l ow to the

treatm e nt system and graywater constituted approxim a tely 72%. The average discharge f r om the

treatm e nt system was approxim a tely 58 gallons of treated wastewater per person per day.

Figure 4-2 presents the average effluent from treatm e nt flow for each hour

interval over the five consecutive 24-hour sam p ling periods, calculated from data collected via

the strap-on flow m e ter. The effluent fr om treatm e nt peaks at around 2200 and fluctuates

substantially during the hours from 2200 to around 0500, the period when m o st passengers are

not generating sewage or accom m odations wastewater, but when other activities that generate

graywater, such as laundry and dishwashing (galley), occur.

4-18

# 4-19Table 4-1Graywater Analytical Results, Holland America VeendamAnalytical results for each graywater source for analytes detected at least once in wastewater samples during the sampling episode.See Appendices A-1 and A-2for all analytical results (detected and nondetected).Graywater samples were collected for one 24-hour period; see Section 3.2 for the sample collectionmethodology. Table 2-1 lists the specific wastewater streams ineach graywater source, and Figure 2-1 identifies sampling pointlocations.Certain food pulperwastewater results were converted frommass to volume units; seeSection 3.3.Priority pollutants (designated by EPA in 40 CFRPart 423, Appendix A) areidentified where applicable.AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeLaundry(SP-1)(a)Accommodations(SP-3)(a)Food Pulper(SP-4)(a)Galley(SP-5)(a)Pathogen IndicatorsE. coli(b)MPN/100 mLND(10.0)5201,220,000 [N=2]77,600Enterococci (b)MPN/100 mLND(10.0)51019,600 [N=2]750Fecal Coliform(b)CFU/100 mLND(1,000)7,730,00079,500[N=2]1,300,000Classical PollutantsAlkalinity(s)mg/L13048.0ND(10.0)ND(10.0)Ammonia as Nitrogen (NH3-N)(s)mg/L0.3601.0029.00.460Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)mg/L63.639117,3001,050Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)mg/L17054151,4001,490Chloride (s)mg/L10.038.065542.0Hardness (e)(s)mg/L8.4554.327056.9Hexane Extractable Material (HEM)mg/L20.052.05,010142Nitrate/Nitrite (NO2-N+ NO3-N)(s)mg/L0.100ND(0.0500)0.220ND(0.0500)Settleable ResiduemL/LND(0.110)2.109001.70Silica Gel Treated HEM(SGT-HEM)mg/LND(6.00)ND(7.00)2,2407.00Sulfate (s)mg/L13.017.035.024.0Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)(s)mg/L2222426,050527(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-1.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with one grab sample forlaundry,accommodations, and galley,andtwo grab samples for food pulperforthe 24-hoursampling period.Results forthe food pulpergrabsamples are reported as the average,followed byan indication of the numberof results includedin the average (e.g., [N=2]).SeeAppendix A-1 forall individual grab sample results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).Table 4-1 (Continued)



# 4-20AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeLaundry(SP-1)(a)Accommodations(SP-3)(a)Food Pulper(SP-4)(a)Galley(SP-5)(a)Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)(s)mg/L3.0012.016624.0Total Organic Carbon (TOC)mg/L49.01445,370250Total Phosphorusmg/L1.003.0046.04.00Total Suspended Solids (TSS)mg/L32.025419,800413Total and Dissolved MetalsAluminum,Totalug/L1187452,910201Antimony,Totalug/LP114ND(5.97)ND(5.97)13.6ND(5.97)Arsenic,Totalug/LP115ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)Barium,Total (e)(s)ug/L14.789.310883.4Beryllium,Totalug/LP117ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)Boron,Total (s)ug/LND(3.37)55.516656.7Cadmium,Totalug/LP118ND(0.446)ND(0.446)1.50ND(0.446)Calcium,Total (e)(s)ug/L2,52018,20071,20018,200Chromium,Totalug/LP119ND(1.68)6.5016.3ND(1.68)Cobalt,Totalug/LND(0.914)ND(0.914)2.40ND(0.914)Copper,Total (e)(s)ug/LP12025897540088.3Iron,Total (e)(s)ug/L2295,7303,0102,530Lead,Total (e)ug/LP1228.9050.245.310.7Magnesium,Total (s)ug/L5252,16022,7002,790Manganese,Total (e)(s)ug/L6.5075.043436.3Mercury,Total (s)ug/LP123ND(0.0170)0.330ND(0.0170)ND(0.0170)Molybdenum,Totalug/LND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-1.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with one grab sample forlaundry,accommodations, and galley,andtwo grab samples for food pulperforthe 24-hoursampling period.Results forthe food pulpergrabsamples are reported as the average,followed byan indication of the numberof results includedin the average (e.g., [N=2]).SeeAppendix A-1 forall individual grab sample results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).Table 4-1 (Continued)



# 4-21AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeLaundry(SP-1)(a)Accommodations(SP-3)(a)Food Pulper(SP-4)(a)Galley(SP-5)(a)Nickel,Total (s)ug/LP12410.729.441.625.8Selenium,Totalug/LP1250.9600.82016.50.770Silver,Totalug/LP126ND(1.28)ND(1.28)2.10ND(1.28)Sodium,Total (e)(s)ug/L63,70030,100376,00031,800Thallium,Total (s)ug/LP127ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)0.0100ND(0.00900)Tin,Totalug/LND(3.45)4.5088.64.00Titanium,Total (e)ug/L1.206.008.802.20Vanadium,Totalug/LND(0.679)6.201.80ND(0.679)Yttrium,Totalug/LND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)Zinc,Total (e)(s)ug/LP1283031,5004,2101,010Aluminum,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L63.3268614114Arsenic,Dissolvedug/LP115ND(2.32)ND(2.32)5.70ND(2.32)Barium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L3.0051.469.657.3Boron,Dissolved (s)ug/LND(3.37)61.414756.3Calcium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L1,97016,30067,10015,800Chromium,Dissolvedug/LP119ND(1.68)ND(1.68)2.40ND(1.68)Cobalt,Dissolved (s)ug/L1.50ND(0.914)7.601.20Copper,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/LP12018290.317.550.9Iron,Dissolved (e)ug/L72.83,2705271,510Lead,Dissolved (e)ug/LP1225.903.704.904.00Magnesium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L4371,96020,9002,510Manganese,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L5.8041.68.1026.5(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-1.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with one grab sample forlaundry,accommodations, and galley,andtwo grab samples for food pulperforthe 24-hoursampling period.Results forthe food pulpergrabsamples are reported as the average,followed byan indication of the numberof results includedin the average (e.g., [N=2]).SeeAppendix A-1 forall individual grab sample results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).Table 4-1 (Continued)



# 4-22AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeLaundry(SP-1)(a)Accommodations(SP-3)(a)Food Pulper(SP-4)(a)Galley(SP-5)(a)Mercury,Dissolved (s)ug/LP1230.1800.3900.2600.270Nickel,Dissolved (s)ug/LP1247.3019.638.122.2Selenium,Dissolvedug/LP125ND(0.572)0.6706.800.840Sodium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L59,90029,300388,00029,800Thallium,Dissolvedug/LP1270.0200ND(0.00900)0.08000.0100Tin,Dissolvedug/LND(3.45)ND(3.45)29.96.40Titanium,Dissolved (e)ug/L1.700.330ND(0.253)0.340Vanadium,Dissolvedug/L1.20ND(0.679)0.940ND(0.679)Zinc,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/LP1281786353,780599Volatile and Semivolatile OrganicsBis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalateug/LP06629.132.626133.2Phenanthreneug/LP081ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(27.9)ND(10.0)Phenolug/LP065ND(10.0)12.432.422.2Tetrachloroetheneug/LP085ND(10.0)52.3ND(0.277)ND(10.0)Trichloroetheneug/LP087ND(10.0)20.9ND(0.277)ND(10.0)(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-1.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with one grab sample forlaundry,accommodations, and galley,andtwo grab samples for food pulperforthe 24-hoursampling period.Results forthe food pulpergrabsamples are reported as the average,followed byan indication of the numberof results includedin the average (e.g., [N=2]).SeeAppendix A-1 forall individual grab sample results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).

# 4-23Table 4-2Influent to Treatment System Analytical Results, Holland America VeendamAnalytical results for the influent to treatment systemfor analytes detected at least once inwastewater samples during the sampling episode.See Appendices A-1and A-2 for all analytical results (detected and nondetected).Influent to treatment systemsamples were collected for five consecutive 24-hour sampling periods;see Section 3.2 for the sample collection methodology.Figure 2-2identifies sampling point location.Average influent to treatment concentrations determinedfromthe daily results.Priority pollutants (designated by EPAin 40 CFR Part 423, Appendix A) are identified where applicable.AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 1Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 2Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 3Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 4Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 5AverageInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Pathogen IndicatorsE. coli(b)MPN/100 mL>1,370,000 [N=4]>8,650,000 [N=3]8,010,000 [N=2]6,290,000 [N=3]5,870,000 [N=3]>6,040,000Enterococci (b)MPN/100 mL>750,000 [N=4]>1,110,000 [N=3]4,950,000 [N=2]1,340,000 [N=3]2,910,000 [N=3]>2,210,000Fecal Coliform(b)CFU/100 mL8,390,000[N=4]10,900,000 [N=3]71,000,000 [N=2]68,300,000 [N=3]6,970,000 [N=3]33,100,000Classical PollutantsAlkalinity(s)mg/L311435323376368363Ammonia as Nitrogen (NH3-N)(s)mg/L60.084.063.080.068.071.0Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD5)mg/L504786576481537577Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)mg/L7991,9601,3002,0401,2801,480Chloride (s)mg/L72.088.075.084.076.079.0Hardness (e)(s)mg/L47.678.368.574.671.068.0Hexane Extractable Material(HEM) (c)mg/L41.079.012916488.0100Nitrate/Nitrite (NO2-N + NO3-N)(s)mg/L0.06000.0700ND(0.0500)ND(0.0500)ND(0.0500)<0.0560(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed for Days 3 and 4.Reported results for these analyses for these days areaveraged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Not collected.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> - Average result includes at least one result flagged by the laboratory as “>” because the sample was not diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).Table 4-2 (Continued)



# 4-24AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 1Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 2Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 3Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 4Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 5AverageInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Settleable ResidueML/L40.082.022.066.069.055.8Silica Gel Treated HEM (SGTHEM) (c)mg/L6.107.0034.514.510.014.4Sulfate (s)mg/L26.033.030.032.028.029.8Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)(s)mg/L453492510435432464Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)(s)mg/L91.014110386.0103105Total Organic Carbon (TOC)mg/L182187192235195198Total Phosphorusmg/L10.013.013.019.020.015.0Total Suspended Solids (TSS)mg/L473805630655710655Total and Dissolved MetalsAluminum,Totalug/L419597508597532531Antimony,Totalug/LP114ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)Arsenic,Totalug/LP115ND(2.32)2.60ND(2.32)ND(2.32)2.50<2.41Barium,Total (e)(s)ug/L59.171.064.665.260.664.1Beryllium,Totalug/LP117ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)Boron,Total (s)ug/L62.169.377.972.159.068.1Cadmium,Totalug/LP118ND(0.446)0.460ND(0.446)ND(0.446)ND(0.446)< 0.449Calcium,Total (e)(s)ug/L13,30023,20020,90022,60020,80020,200Chromium,Totalug/LP119ND(1.68)3.702.003.704.00<3.02Cobalt,Totalug/LND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)Copper,Total (e)(s)ug/LP120185314285263184246(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed for Days 3 and 4.Reported results for these analyses for these days areaveraged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Not collected.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> - Average result includes at least one result flagged by the laboratory as “>” because the sample was not diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).Table 4-2 (Continued)



# 4-25AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 1Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 2Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 3Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 4Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 5AverageInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Iron,Total (e)(s)ug/L1,5901,5901,7401,7001,4301,610Lead,Total (e)ug/LP12214.89.204.903.90ND(3.08)<7.18Magnesium,Total (s)ug/L3,5004,9403,9704,4204,6304,290Manganese,Total (e)(s)ug/L48.367.756.561.861.159.1Mercury,Total (s)ug/LP1230.3600.5000.520ND(0.0170)0.720<0.423Molybdenum,Totalug/LND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)Nickel,Total (s)ug/LP12435.733.024.221.621.927.3Selenium,Totalug/LP1251.101.501.001.301.401.26Silver,Totalug/LP126ND(1.28)1.70ND(1.28)1.303.90<1.89Sodium,Total (e)(s)ug/L76,00091,90080,20074,40068,20078,100Thallium,Total (s)ug/LP127ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.000900)Tin,Totalug/LND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)6.804.40<4.31Titanium,Total (e)ug/L1.902.802.102.403.402.52Vanadium,Totalug/LND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)Yttrium,Totalug/LND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)Zinc,Total (e)(s)ug/LP1281,3001,080841797719947Aluminum,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L10731.051.423865.398.5Arsenic,Dissolvedug/LP115ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)Barium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L19.814.518.134.115.720.4Boron,Dissolved (s)ug/L63.268.871.272.862.367.7(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed for Days 3 and 4.Reported results for these analyses for these days areaveraged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Not collected.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> - Average result includes at least one result flagged by the laboratory as “>” because the sample was not diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).Table 4-2 (Continued)



# 4-26AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 1Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 2Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 3Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 4Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 5AverageInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Calcium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L9,60012,70013,90017,50013,20013,400Chromium,Dissolvedug/LP119ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)Cobalt,Dissolved (s)ug/L4.004.103.002.104.203.48Copper,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/LP12044.537.142.813634.459.0Iron,Dissolved (e)ug/L624395512921419574Lead,Dissolved (e)ug/LP1223.10ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)<3.08Magnesium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L2,7803,6803,0203,9003,4803,370Manganese,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L18.120.817.237.620.722.9Mercury,Dissolved (s)ug/LP1230.3500.3200.3300.4200.3800.360Nickel,Dissolved (s)ug/LP12433.326.320.717.216.022.7Selenium,Dissolvedug/LP1250.8701.200.8401.001.000.982Sodium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L73,90086,00072,90075,20065,40074,700Thallium,Dissolvedug/LP127ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)Tin,Dissolvedug/LND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)Titanium,Dissolved (e)ug/LND(0.253)ND(0.253)ND(0.253)0.560ND(0.253)<0.314Vanadium,Dissolvedug/LND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)Zinc,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/LP128634288199357111318Volatile and Semivolatile OrganicsBis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalateug/LP06610.115.320.324.0ND(10.0)<15.9Phenanthreneug/LP081ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed for Days 3 and 4.Reported results for these analyses for these days areaveraged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Not collected.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> - Average result includes at least one result flagged by the laboratory as “>” because the sample was not diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).Table 4-2 (Continued)



# 4-27AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 1Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 2Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 3Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 4Influent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Day 5AverageInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Phenolug/LP06513.915.013.4ND(10.0)25.1<15.5Tetrachloroetheneug/LP0854432741471,3602,740993Trichloroetheneug/LP08732.220.124.466.958.040.3Polychlorinated BiphenylsPCB-6pg/L60.0NCNCNCNCPCB-11pg/L496NCNCNCNCPCB-16pg/L124NCNCNCNCPCB-21+PCB-33pg/L230NCNCNCNCPCB-153+PCB-168pg/L610NCNCNCNCTotal DichloroBiphenylspg/L556NCNCNCNCTotal HexachloroBiphenylspg/L610NCNCNCNCTotal Trichloro Biphenylspg/L354NCNCNCNCTotal PCBspg/L1520NCNCNCNC(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed for Days 3 and 4.Reported results for these analyses for these days areaveraged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Not collected.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> - Average result includes at least one result flagged by the laboratory as “>” because the sample was not diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).

# 4-28Table 4-3Influent to UV Disinfection Analytical Results, Holland America VeendamAnalytical results for the influent to UV disinfection part ofthe wastewater treatment system.Influent to UV disinfection samples were collected for fiveconsecutive 24-hour sampling periods; see Section 3.2 for the sample collection methodology.Figure 2-2 identifies sampling point location.Average influent toUV concentrations determined fromthe daily results.AnalyteUnitInfluent to UV(SP-8)(a)Day 1Influent to UV(SP-8)(a)Day 2Influent to UV(SP-8)(a)Day 3Influent to UV(SP-8)(a)Day 4Influent toUV(SP-8)(a)Day 5AverageInfluent to UV(SP-8)(a)Pathogen IndicatorsE. coli(b)MPN/100 mL97.9 [N=4]7.33 [N=3]<1.50 [N=2]<1.02 [N=3]43.2 [N=3]<30.2Enterococci (b)MPN/100 mL37.0 [N=4]9.25 [N=2]2.50 [N=2]54.2 [N=3]54.2 [N=3]31.4Fecal Coliform(b)CFU/100 mL100 [N=4]12.0 [N=3]6.00 [N=2]<3.80 [N=3]<13.1 [N=3]<27.0(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples collected per24-hoursampling period.Results are reported as an average for each24-hour sampling period,followed byan indication of the numberof results included in the average (e.g.,[N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).

# 4-29Table 4-4Effluent from Treatment System Analytical Results, Holland America VeendamAnalytical results for the effluent fromtreatment systemfor analytes detected at least once inwastewater samples during thesampling episode.See AppendicesA-1 and A-2 for all analytical results (detected and nondetected).Effluent fromtreatment systemsamples were collected for five consecutive 24-hour samplingperiods; see Section 3.2 for the sample collection methodology.Figure 2-2 identifies sampling point location.Average effluent fromtreatment concentrationsdetermined fromthe daily results.Priority pollutants (designated by EPA in 40 CFR Part 423, Appendix A) are identified whereapplicable.AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 1Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 2Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 3Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 4Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 5AverageEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Pathogen IndicatorsE. coli(b)MPN/100 mLND(1.00)[N=4]ND(1.00)[N=3]ND(1.00)[N=2]ND(1.00)[N=3]ND(1.00)[N=3]ND(1.00)Enterococci (b)MPN/100 mLND(1.00)[N=3]ND(1.00)[N=3]ND(1.00)[N=2]<1.68 [N=3]ND(1.00)[N=3]<1.14Fecal Coliform(b)CFU/100 mLND(1.00)[N=4]ND(1.00)[N=3]ND(1.00)[N=2]ND(1.00)[N=3]ND(1.00)[N=3]ND(1.00)Classical PollutantsAlkalinity(s)mg/L222265252244242245Ammonia as Nitrogen (NH3-N)(s)mg/L11.012.012.028.029.018.4Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)mg/L3.645.95ND(2.00)2.052.37<3.20Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)mg/L33.537.034.038.042.537.0Chloride (s)mg/L61.067.070.068.064.066.0Hardness (e)(s)mg/L24.236.040.645.145.338.2Hexane Extractable Material (HEM)(c)mg/LND(5.00)ND(6.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.50)ND(6.00)ND(5.50)Nitrate/Nitrite (NO2-N+ NO3-N)(s)mg/LND(0.0500)0.1200.110ND(0.0500)ND(0.0500)<0.0760Settleable Residuemg/LND(0.100)ND(0.130)ND(0.110)ND(0.110)< 0.555<0.201(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed forDays3,4,and 5.Reported results forthese analyses for these days are averaged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).Table 4-4 (Continued)



# 4-30AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 1Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 2Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 3Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 4Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 5AverageEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Silica Gel Treated HEM (SGT-HEM)(c)mg/LND(5.00)ND(6.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.50)ND(6.00)ND(5.50)Sulfate (s)mg/LND(3.00)4.009.0018.015.0<9.80Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)(s)mg/L324386354318309338Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)(s)mg/L34.013.022.029.028.525.3Total Organic Carbon (TOC)mg/L12.516.014.015.013.014.1Total Phosphorusmg/L0.1900.1200.1309.007.503.39Total Suspended Solids (TSS)mg/LND(5.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.00)Total and Dissolved MetalsAluminum,Totalug/L33.143.646.240.340.040.6Antimony,Totalug/LP114ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)Arsenic,Totalug/LP115ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)Barium,Total (e)(s)ug/L16.024.725.818.614.619.9Beryllium,Totalug/LP117ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)ND(0.0540)Boron,Total (s)ug/LND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)Cadmium,Totalug/LP118ND(0.446)ND(0.446)ND(0.446)ND(0.446)ND(0.446)ND(0.446)Calcium,Total (e)(s)ug/L7,24011,30013,00014,20014,10012,000Chromium,Totalug/LP119ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)Cobalt,Totalug/LND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)Copper,Total (e)(s)ug/LP12010.611.88.706.906.908.97(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed forDays3,4,and 5.Reported results forthese analyses for these days are averaged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).Table 4-4 (Continued)



# 4-31AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 1Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 2Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 3Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 4Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 5AverageEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Iron,Total (e)(s)ug/L376296367283171298Lead,Total (e)ug/LP122ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)Magnesium,Total (s)ug/L1,4901,9002,0002,3502,4602,040Manganese,Total (e)(s)ug/L12.216.218.118.415.816.1Mercury,Total (s)ug/LP123ND(0.0170)ND(0.0170)< 0.1640.3200.320<0.168Molybdenum,Totalug/LND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)Nickel,Total (s)ug/LP12423.818.314.611.88.0015.3Selenium,Totalug/LP125< 0.5860.8400.6800.8300.970<0.781Silver,Totalug/LP126ND(1.28)ND(1.28)ND(1.28)ND(1.28)ND(1.28)ND(1.28)Sodium,Total (e)(s)ug/L93,600107,00089,10074,60069,60086,800Thallium,Total (s)ug/LP127ND(0.00900)0.0100ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)<0.00920Tin,Totalug/LND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)Titanium,Total (e)ug/LND(0.253)ND(0.253)ND(0.253)ND(0.253)ND(0.253)ND(0.253)Vanadium,Totalug/LND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)Yttrium,Totalug/LND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)Zinc,Total (e)(s)ug/LP128549562333196162360Aluminum,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L34.741.937.238.634.637.4Arsenic,Dissolvedug/LP115ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)Barium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L15.624.525.818.214.519.7Boron,Dissolved (s)ug/LND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)20.7<6.84(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed forDays3,4,and 5.Reported results forthese analyses for these days are averaged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).Table 4-4 (Continued)



# 4-32AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 1Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 2Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 3Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 4Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 5AverageEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Calcium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L7,09011,20013,00014,00014,00011,800Chromium,Dissolvedug/LP119ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)Cobalt,Dissolved (s)ug/L<0.957ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)1.50<1.04Copper,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/LP1208.7011.07.205.607.508.00Iron,Dissolved (e)ug/L356296357266152285Lead,Dissolved (e)ug/LP122ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)Magnesium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L1,4601,8802,0202,3202,4402,020Manganese,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L13.416.119.319.418.317.3Mercury,Dissolved (s)ug/LP1230.2700.2700.3300.3600.3900.324Nickel,Dissolved (s)ug/LP12423.518.814.911.78.4015.5Selenium,Dissolvedug/LP125< 0.6060.7200.8050.7000.900<0.746Sodium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L91,200105,00089,00073,50069,70085,700Thallium,Dissolvedug/LP127ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)Tin,Dissolvedug/LND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)Titanium,Dissolved (e)ug/L<0.317ND(0.253)< 0.297ND(0.253)ND(0.253)<0.274Vanadium,Dissolvedug/LND(0.679)0.760ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)<0.695Zinc,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/LP128534553323191164353(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed forDays3,4,and 5.Reported results forthese analyses for these days are averaged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).Table 4-4 (Continued)



# 4-33AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 1Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 2Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 3Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 4Effluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Day 5AverageEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9)(a)Volatile and Semivolatile OrganicsBis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalateug/LP066ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)Phenanthreneug/LP081ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)Phenolug/LP065ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)Tetrachloroetheneug/LP08510.437.447.726.545.133.4Trichloroetheneug/LP087ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(b)Samples forpathogen indicatoranalyses werecollected as grab samples forindividual analysis,with a minimumof two grabsamples and a maximumof fourgrab samples per24-hoursamplingperiod.Results are reported as an average for each 24-hour sampling period, followedbyan indication of the number of results included in the average (e.g., [N=3]).See Appendix A-1 forallindividual grab sample results.(c)Two sample volumes of HEMand SGT-HEMwereinadvertentlyanalyzed forDays3,4,and 5.Reported results forthese analyses for these days are averaged results.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).

# 4-34Table 4-5Wastewater Treatment System: Performance Data for Pathogen Indicators, Holland America VeendamPathogen indicators performance data for the Veendam’s Zenon wastewater treatment system.Averageanalyte concentrations weredetermined fromthe dailyresults presented in Tables 4-2 through 4-4.Percent removalswere calculated using the average influent to and effluent fromtreatment analyte concentrations.AnalyteUnitAverage Influent toTreatment Concentration(SP-6)(a)Average Influent to UVDisinfection Concentration(SP-8)(a)AverageEffluent fromTreatment Concentration(SP-10) (a)Percent RemovalPathogen IndicatorsE. coliMPN/100 mL> 6,040,000<30.2ND(1.00)> 99EnterococciMPN/100 mL> 2,210,00031.4<1.14> 99Fecal ColiformCFU/100 mL33,100,000<27.0ND(1.00)> 99(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.ND -Not detected (numberin parenthesis is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> - In an average, average result includes at least one result flagged by the laboratory as “>” because the sample was not diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).Ina removal,indicates a minimumlevelof removal.

# 4-35Table 4-6Wastewater Treatment System: Performance Data for AnalytesOther Than Pathogen Indicators, Holland America VeendamPerformance data for the Veendam’s Zenon wastewater treatment systemfor analytes other than pathogen indicators detected in either the influent to or effluentfromtreatment.Range and average analyte concentrations were determined fromthe daily results presented in Tables 4-2 and 4-4.Percent removals werecalculated using the average influent and effluent analyte concentrations.Priority pollutants (designated by EPA in 40 CFR Part 423, Appendix A) are identifiedwhere applicable.AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeAverage Influent toTreatmentConcentration(SP-6)(a)Influent toTreatmentConcentration Range(SP-6)(a)Average EffluentfromTreatmentConcentration(SP-9)(a)Effluent fromTreatmentConcentration Range(SP-9) (a)Percent RemovalClassical PollutantsAlkalinity(s)mg/L363311 -435245222 -26532Ammonia As Nitrogen (NH3-N)(s)mg/L71.060.0 -84.018.411.0 -29.074Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD5)mg/L577481 -786<3.20ND(2.00)-5.95> 99Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)mg/L1,480799 -2,04037.033.5 -42.597Chloride (s)mg/L79.072.0 -88.066.061.0 -70.016Hardness (e)(s)mg/L68.047.6 -78.338.224.2 -45.344Hexane Extractable Material (HEM)mg/L10041.0 -164ND(5.50)ND(5.00)-ND(6.00)> 95Nitrate/Nitrite (NO2-N+ NO3-N)(s)mg/L<0.0560ND(0.0500)-0.0700<0.0760ND(0.0500)-0.120NCSettleable ResiduemL/L55.822.0 -82.0<0.201ND(0.100)-<0.555> 99Silica Gel Treated HEM (SGTHEM)mg/L14.46.10 -34.5ND(5.50)ND(5.00)-ND(6.00)> 62Sulfate (s)mg/L29.826.0 -33.0<9.80ND(3.00)-18.067Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)(s)mg/L464432 -510338309 -38627Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)(s)mg/L10586.0 -14125.313.0 -34.076Total Organic Carbon (TOC)mg/L198182 -23514.112.5 -16.093(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 andTable 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Percent removal not calculated becausethe effluent concentration was greater thanthe influent concentration, or the analyte was not detected in the influent sample.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> -Indicates a minimumlevel of removal.Table 4-6 (Continued)



# 4-36AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeAverage Influent toTreatmentConcentration(SP-6)(a)Influent toTreatmentConcentration Range(SP-6)(a)Average EffluentfromTreatmentConcentration(SP-9)(a)Effluent fromTreatmentConcentration Range(SP-9) (a)Percent RemovalTotal Phosphorusmg/L15.010.0 -20.03.390.120 -9.0077Total Suspended Solids (TSS)mg/L655473 -805ND(5.00)ND(5.00)> 99Total and Dissolved MetalsAluminum,Totalug/L531419 -59740.633.1 -46.292Arsenic,Totalug/LP115<2.41ND(2.32)-2.60ND(2.32)ND(2.32)> 3.8Barium,Total (e)(s)ug/L64.159.1 -71.019.914.6 -25.869Boron,Total (s)ug/L68.159.0 -77.9ND(3.37)ND(3.37)> 95Cadmium,Totalug/LP118<0.449ND(0.446)-0.460ND(0.446)ND(0.446)> 0.62Calcium,Total (e)(s)ug/L20,20013,300 -23,20012,0007,240 -14,20041Chromium,Totalug/LP119<3.02ND(1.68)-4.00ND(1.68)ND(1.68)> 44Copper,Total (e)(s)ug/LP120246184 -3148.976.90 -11.896Iron,Total (e)(s)ug/L1,6101,430 -1,740298171 -37681Lead,Total (e)ug/LP122<7.18ND(3.08)-14.8ND(3.08)ND(3.08)> 57Magnesium,Total (s)ug/L4,2903,500 -4,9402,0401,490 -2,46052Manganese,Total (e)(s)ug/L59.148.3 -67.716.112.2 -18.473Mercury,Total (s)ug/LP123<0.423ND(0.0170)-0.720<0.168ND(0.0170)-0.32060Nickel,Total (s)ug/LP12427.321.6 -35.715.38.00 -23.844Selenium,Totalug/LP1251.261.00 -1.50<0.781<0.586 -0.97038Silver,Totalug/LP126<1.89ND(1.28)-3.90ND(1.28)ND(1.28)> 33Sodium,Total (e)(s)ug/L78,10068,200 -91,90086,80069,600 -107,000NCThallium,Total (s)ug/LP127ND(0.00900)ND(0.00900)<0.00920ND(0.00900) - 0.0100NC(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 andTable 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Percent removal not calculated becausethe effluent concentration was greater thanthe influent concentration, or the analyte was not detected in the influent sample.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> -Indicates a minimumlevel of removal.Table 4-6 (Continued)



# 4-37AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeAverage Influent toTreatmentConcentration(SP-6)(a)Influent toTreatmentConcentration Range(SP-6)(a)Average EffluentfromTreatmentConcentration(SP-9)(a)Effluent fromTreatmentConcentration Range(SP-9) (a)Percent RemovalTin,Totalug/L<4.31ND(3.45)-6.80ND(3.45)ND(3.45)> 20Titanium,Total (e)ug/L2.521.90 -3.40ND(0.253)ND(0.253)> 90Zinc,Total (e)(s)ug/LP128947719 -1,300360162 -56262Aluminum,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L98.531.0 -23837.434.6 -41.962Barium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L20.414.5 -34.119.714.5 -25.83.6Boron,Dissolved (s)ug/L67.762.3 -72.8<6.84ND(3.37)-20.790Calcium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L13,4009,600 -17,50011,8007,090 -14,00011Cobalt,Dissolved (s)ug/L3.482.10 -4.20<1.04ND(0.914)-1.5070Copper,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/LP12059.034.4 -1368.005.60 -11.086Iron,Dissolved (e)ug/L574395 -921285152 -35750Lead,Dissolved (e)ug/LP122<3.08ND(3.08)-3.10ND(3.08)ND(3.08)> 0.13Magnesium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L3,3702,780 -3,9002,0201,460 -2,44040Manganese,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L22.917.2 -37.617.313.4 -19.424Mercury,Dissolved (s)ug/LP1230.3600.320 -0.4200.3240.270 -0.39010.0Nickel,Dissolved (s)ug/LP12422.716.0 -33.315.58.40 -23.532Selenium,Dissolvedug/LP1250.9820.840 -1.20<0.746<0.606 -0.90024Sodium,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/L74,70065,400 -86,00085,70069,700 -105,000NCTitanium,Dissolved (e)ug/L<0.314ND(0.253)-0.560<0.274ND(0.253)-<0.31713Vanadium,Dissolvedug/LND(0.679)ND(0.679)<0.695ND(0.679)-0.760NCZinc,Dissolved (e)(s)ug/LP128318111 -634353164 -553NC(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 andTable 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Percent removal not calculated becausethe effluent concentration was greater thanthe influent concentration, or the analyte was not detected in the influent sample.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> -Indicates a minimumlevel of removal.

# 4-38Table 4-6 (Continued)AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeAverage Influent toTreatmentConcentration(SP-6)(a)Influent toTreatmentConcentration Range(SP-6)(a)Average EffluentfromTreatmentConcentration(SP-9)(a)Effluent fromTreatmentConcentration Range(SP-9) (a)Percent RemovalVolatile and Semivolatile OrganicsBis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalateug/LP066<15.9ND(10.0)-24.0ND(10.0)ND(10.0)> 37Phenolug/LP065<15.5ND(10.0)-25.1ND(10.0)ND(10.0)> 35Tetrachloroetheneug/LP085993147 -2,74033.410.4 -47.797Trichloroetheneug/LP08740.320.1 -66.9ND(10.0)ND(10.0)> 75(a)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 andTable 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Percent removal not calculated becausethe effluent concentration was greater thanthe influent concentration, or the analyte was not detected in the influent sample.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).> -Indicates a minimumlevel of removal.

# 4-39Table 4-7Treatment System Residuals and Incinerator AshAnalytical Results, Holland America VeendamAnalytical results for one-time grab samples of treatment systemresiduals (screening solids fromtwo coarse screens and excessbiological mass frombioreactors)and incinerator ash for analytes detected at least once in these samples.See Appendix A-2 for all analytical results (detected and nondetected). Figures 2-1 and 2­2 identify the sampling point locations; see Table 3-2 for samplecollection methodology.Also shown are average concentrations for the influent to treatmentsamples (fromTable 4-2) for comparison.Certain screening solids and waste biosludge results were converted frommass to volumeunits; see Section 3.3.Priority pollutants (designated by EPA in 40 CFR Part423, Appendix A) are identified where applicable.AnalytePriorityPollutant CodeScreening Solids(SP-11)(a)Biosludge(SP-12)(a)Incinerator Ash(SP-13)(a)AverageInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Classical PollutantsAlkalinity(s)223mg/L499 mg/LNC363 mg/LAmmonia as Nitrogen (NH3-N)(s)21.6mg/L76.3 mg/LNC71.0 mg/LBiochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5)6,610mg/L3,870 mg/LNC577 mg/LChemical Oxygen Demand (COD)12,300mg/L14,800 mg/LNC1,480 mg/LChloride (s)137mg/L62.4 mg/LNC79.0 mg/LHardness (e)(s)55.3mg/L49.2 mg/LNC68.0 mg/LSettleable Residue1,000mL/L560 mL/LNC55.8 mL/LSulfate (s)90.2mg/L398 mg/LNC29.8 mg/LTotal Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)(s)470mg/L1,280 mg/LNC105 mg/LTotal Organic Carbon (TOC)348mg/L75.5 mg/LNC198 mg/LTotal Phosphorus75.9mg/L153 mg/LNC15.0 mg/LTotal MetalsAluminum,Total19,200ug/L10,500 ug/L44,800 mg/kg531 ug/LAntimony,TotalP11425.8ug/L16.9 ug/L28.3 mg/kgND(5.97)ug/LArsenic,TotalP115ND(2.32)ug/L7.60 ug/L5.20 mg/kg<2.41 ug/L(a)Sampling point location; see Figures 2-1 and 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Not collected.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is the detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).Table 4-7 (Continued)



# 4-40AnalytePriorityPollutant CodeScreening Solids(SP-11)(a)Biosludge(SP-12)(a)Incinerator Ash(SP-13)(a)AverageInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Barium,Total (e)(s)1,950ug/L1,560 ug/L837 mg/kg64.1 ug/LBeryllium,TotalP117ND(0.0540)ug/LND(0.0540) ug/L0.410 mg/kgND(0.0540) ug/LBoron,Total (s)286ug/L775 ug/L585 mg/kg68.1 ug/LCadmium,TotalP1183.50ug/L5.20 ug/L1.40 mg/kg<0.449 ug/LCalcium,Total (e)(s)166,000ug/L132,000 ug/L174,000 mg/kg20,200 ug/LChromium,TotalP11972.4ug/L64.1 ug/L286 mg/kg<3.02 ug/LCobalt,Total9.30ug/L7.90 ug/L13.7 mg/kgND(0.914)ug/LCopper,Total (e)(s)P1202,180ug/L4,230 ug/L6,510 mg/kg246 ug/LIron,Total (e)(s)59,600ug/L43,800 ug/L28,500 mg/kg1,610 ug/LLead,Total (e)P12240.6ug/L59.8 ug/L417 mg/kg<7.18 ug/LMagnesium,Total (s)33,600ug/L39,400 ug/L13,600 mg/kg4,290 ug/LManganese,Total (e)(s)1,150ug/L980 ug/L673 mg/kg59.1 ug/LMolybdenum,Total26.5ug/L36.5 ug/L42.8 mg/kgND(1.50)ug/LNickel,Total (s)P124160ug/L234 ug/L223 mg/kg27.3 ug/LSelenium,TotalP12516.7ug/L25.7 ug/L1.39 mg/kg1.26 ug/LSilver,TotalP12617.5ug/L30.1 ug/L15.4 mg/kg<1.89 ug/LSodium,Total (e)(s)157,000ug/L142,000 ug/L49,600 mg/kg78,100 ug/LThallium,Total (s)P1270.0800ug/LND(0.0450) ug/LND(1.53) mg/kgND(0.00900) ug/LTin,Total76.9ug/L51.6 ug/L61.6 mg/kg<4.31 ug/LTitanium,Total (e)23.6ug/L7.10 ug/L1,060 mg/kg2.52ug/LVanadium,Total77.6ug/L21.8 ug/L484 mg/kgND(0.679)ug/LYttrium,TotalND(0.222)ug/LND(0.222)ug/L3.10 mg/kgND(0.222)ug/L(a)Sampling point location; see Figures 2-1 and 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Not collected.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is the detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).Table 4-7 (Continued)



# 4-41AnalytePriorityPollutant CodeScreening Solids(SP-11)(a)Biosludge(SP-12)(a)Incinerator Ash(SP-13)(a)AverageInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)Zinc,Total (e)(s)P1286,390ug/L5,930 ug/L2,700 mg/kg947 ug/LVolatile and Semivolatile OrganicsBis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalateP06691.6ug/L21.1 ug/L2,260 ug/kg<15.9 ug/LPhenanthreneP081ND(28.8)ug/LND(13.5)ug/L441 ug/kgND(10.0)ug/LPhenolP065700ug/L875 ug/L1,140 ug/kg<15.5 ug/LTetrachloroetheneP0851.66ug/L2.63 ug/LNC993 ug/LTrichloroetheneP087ND(0.283)ug/L1.14 ug/LNC40.3 ug/LDioxins and Furans1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDDNCNC192 pg/gNC1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDFNCNC1,890 pg/gNC1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDFNCNC117 pg/gNC1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDDNCNC<11.8 pg/gNC1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDFNCNC188 pg/gNC1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDDNCNC17.5 pg/gNC1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDFNCNC187 pg/gNC1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDDNCNC29.2 pg/gNC1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDFNCNC<11.2 pg/gNC1,2,3,7,8-PeCDDNCNC<8.2 pg/gNC1,2,3,7,8-PeCDFNCNC42.4 pg/gNC2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDFNCNC426 pg/gNC2,3,4,7,8-PeCDFNCNC130 pg/gNC2,3,7,8-TCDDNCNC1.50 pg/gNC(a)Sampling point location; see Figures 2-1 and 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Not collected.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is the detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).

# 4-42Table 4-7 (Continued)AnalytePriorityPollutant CodeScreening Solids(SP-11)(a)Biosludge(SP-12)(a)Incinerator Ash(SP-13)(a)AverageInfluent toTreatment(SP-6)(a)2,3,7,8-TCDFNCNC35.2 pg/gNCOctachlorodibenzo-p-dioxinNCNC427 pg/gNCOctachlorodibenzofuranNCNC742 pg/gNC(a)Sampling point location; see Figures 2-1 and 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 forequipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel inthe source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 forsource waterresults.NC - Not collected.ND -Not detected (numberin parentheses is the detection limit).< -Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits fornondetected results).

# Table 4-8

Source Water Analytical Results, Holland America Veendam

Analytical results for one-tim e grab sam p le of source water for detected analytes. See Appendix A-2 for all

analytical results (detected and nondetected). Also s hown are Federal drinking water standards for com p arison.

Priority pollutants (designated by EPA in 30 CFR Part 423, Appendix A) are identified where applicable.

Analyt e U nit Prio rity

Pollutant Code Source Water

(SP-1 5 ) (a ) Federal Drink i ng Water

Standards (b)

Classical Pollutants

Alkalinity m g /L 57.0

Am m onia As Nitr ogen ( NH3- N ) m g/L 0

. 0570

Chlor i de m g /L 15. 0 250

Har dness m g /L 68. 5

Nitrate/Nitrite (NO2-N + NO3-N) m g/L 0 .270 10 (Nitrate)

1 (Nitrite)

Sulfate m g/L 21. 0 250

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) m g/L 121 500

T o tal Kjeldahl Nitr ogen ( T KN) m g /L 1. 00

Total and Dissolved Metals

Bar i um

, T o tal ug/L 32. 0 2

, 000

Bor on, T o tal ug/L 33. 0

Calcium

, T o tal ug/L 24, 200

Copper

, T o tal ug/L P 120 72. 2 1

, 300

I r on, T o tal ug/L 30. 6 300

M a gnesium

, T o tal ug/L 1

, 950

M a nganese, T o tal ug/L 0

. 720 50

M e r c ur y

, T o tal ug/L P 123 0. 310 2. 0

Nickel, T o tal ug/L P 124 15. 8

Sodium

, T o tal ug/L 10, 500

Thallium

, Total ug/L P 127 0.0200 2.0

Z i nc, T o tal ug/L P 128 13. 6 5

, 000

Alum inum

, Dissolved ug/L 14. 8

Bar i um

, Dissolved ug/L 30. 9

Bor on, Dissolved ug/L 39. 1

Calcium

, Dissolved ug/L 24, 300

Cobalt, Dissolved ug/L 1

. 7 0

Copper

, Dissolved ug/L P 120 59. 7

M a gnesium

, Dissolved ug/L 1

, 960

M a nganese, Dissolved ug/L 2

. 6 0

M e r c ur y

, Dissolved ug/L P 123 0. 420

Nickel, Dissolved ug/L P 124 14. 5

Sodium

, Dissolved ug/L 10, 500

Z i nc, Dissolved ug/L P 128 8. 40

( a ) Sam p ling point num ber ; see T a ble 2- 1.

( b ) 40 CFR 141. 62 National Pr im ar y M a xim u m Contam inant L e vels for I nor ganic Contam inants ( n itr ate/nitr ite, bar i um

, m e r c ur y

, tha llium ) ; 40

CFR 141. 51 National Pr im ar y M a xim u m Contam inant L e vel Goals fo r I nor ganic Contam inants ( c opper ) ; and 40 CFR 143. 3 Secondar y

M a xim u m Contam inant L e vels ( c hlor ide, sulfate, T D S, ir on, m a nganese, zinc)

. 

# 4-43

# Table 4-9

Laundry Cleaning Agents Used Onboard, Holland America Veendam

Chemical Name Ingredients According to Material Safety Data Sheets

Diver Alik-Liquid alkali 10% to 30% NaOH

3% to 7% sodium nitrolotriacetate

Renew Extra-Liquid Laundry Detergent 10% to 30% linear alcohol ethoxylate

3% to 7% sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate

3% to 7% ethylene glycol m onobutyl ether

Super Im pede-Stain Rem over U nknown (MSDS not provided)

Divercide 6F-Liquid Laundry Sour

(silicofluorides m i neral acid) 10% to 30% hydrofluorosilic acid

Valid II-Fabric Softener

(cationic surfactant) 10% to 30% ditallow diam ido m e thosulphate

1% to 5% isopropanol

Em phasize-Starch and Sizing Blend S odium chloride

Wa t e r

Polyvinylacetate em ulsion

Modified corn starch



# 4-44

# 4-45Table 4-10FlowData by Sampling Period, Holland America VeendamFlow data collected via strap-on ultrasonic flow meter for thelaundry and via the Veendam’s in-line flow meters for the influent to and effluent fromthe treatment system(see Section 4.3).Total daily flow data for the influent to treatment systemwere calculated fromflow readings recorded fromthe Veendam’s in-line flow meters installedon the graywater and sewage lines that feed into the treatment system.These sources added together equal the total flow intothe treatment system.Figures 2-1 and 2-2show the flow meter locations.Flow per capita was calculatedby dividing the daily flow totals by the total number of passengers and crew (1,820 people) onboard theVeendamduring the sampling episode.SamplingPeriodLaundry (SP-1)Influent to Treatment System(SP-6)Effluent fromTreatment System(SP-9)Strap-onDaily TotalFlow,gal/day(m3/day)(a)DailyFlowPerCapita,gal/day/person(m3/day/person)In-lineSewage DailyTotal Flow,gal/day(m3/day)(b)Sewage DailyFlowPerCapita,gal/day/person(m**3**/day/person)In-lineGraywaterDaily TotalFlow,gal/day(m3/day)(b)GraywaterDailyFlowPerCapita,gal/day/person(m**3**/day/person)In-line DailyTotal Flow,gallons/day(m3/day)(c)CombinedSewage andGraywaterDailyFlowPerCapita,gal/day/person(m3/day/person)In-line DailyTotal Flow,gal/day (m3/day)(b)DailyFlowPerCapita,gal/day/person(m3/day/person)Day126,700 (101)14.7 (0.055)31,100 (118)17.1 (0.065)82,300 (312)45.2 (0.171)113,000 (429)62.3 (0.236)109,000 (412)59.8 (0.226)Day223,200 (88.0)12.8 (0.048)33,000 (125)18.1 (0.069)81,300 (308)44.7 (0.169)114,000(432)62.8 (0.238)103,000 (388)56.3 (0.213)Day326,700 (101)14.7 (0.055)31,700 (120)17.4 (0.066)81,800 (310)45 (0.17)114,000 (430)62.4 (0.236)50,000 (189)(d)27.5 (0.104)(d)Day421,400 (81.0)11.7 (0.045)29,800 (113)16.4 (0.062)81,800 (310)44.9 (0.17)112,000 (422)61.3 (0.232)97,600 (370)53.6 (0.203)Day520,600 (78.0)11.3 (0.043)31,200 (118)17.2 (0.065)79,000(299)43.4 (0.164)110,000 (417)60.6 (0.229)115,000 (435)63.1 (0.239)Average23,800 (90.0)13.1 (0.049)31,400 (119)17.2 (0.065)81,200 (307)44.6 (0.169)113,000 (426)61.9 (0.234)106,000 (401)(d)58.2(0.220)(d)(a)Flow data collected fromstrap-on flow meter installed by the sampling team.(b)Flow data calculated fromflow readings recordedfromthe Veendam’s in-line flow meters; see Section 4.3.(c)Influent to treatment flow was calculated byadding flow data collected fromin-line flow meters installed on the graywaterand sewage lines that feedinto the treatment system.(d)Average dailydischarge flow rate foreffluent fromtreatment systemexcludes data forDay3 when the Veendamdiscontinueddischarge while it cruised GlacierBayNational Park.

# 0 100 200 300 400 500

Day 1 S e war d Day 2 C o llege

Fj o r d Day 3 G l ac i e r

Ba y Day 4 S i t k a D ay 5 J u neau



# S a m p lin g P e r i o dTotalFlowperDay(cu m/day)



# Lau ndry St rap

- o n

I n f l u ent St ra p-o n

Ef f l ue nt St rap

- o n

Veenda m I n -line I n f l uent (GW + B W )

Veenda m I n -line Ef f l uent



# Figure 4-1. Total Daily Flow , Holland America Veendam

Flow data collected via strap-on ultrasonic flow m e ters installed by the sam p ling team and from the Veendam ' s

in-line flow m e ters. Flow data are presented as daily to tals calculated for each location. Com b ined, the in-line flow

m e ters on the sewage and graywater tank discharges represen t the flow into the treatm e nt system

. Figures 2-1 and

2-2 show the flow m e ter locations. Flow data recorded by the strap-on flow m e ter installed at the influent to

treatm e nt are suspect.



# 4-46

# 0 5 10 15 20 25

06: 0

0 08: 00 10: 00 12: 00 14: 00 16: 00 18: 00

2

0:

00 22 :0

0 00: 0

0 02: 00 04: 00



# Ti m e of D a yHourlyFlow(cu m/hour)



# S t r ap- on E f f l ue nt



# Figure 4-2. Average Hourly Wastew a ter Treatment System Flow , Holland America

Veendam

Average effluent flow for each hour interval over th e five consecutive 24-hour sam p ling periods, calculated

and plotted from the strap-on flow m e ter installed by the sam p ling team

. Figure 2-2 shows the flow m e ter

location. Bars represent the standard deviation of the hourly flow calculated for the five consecutive

sam p ling days.



# 4-47

# 5.0

5.1 

# D ATA 

# Q UALITY



# Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) procedures applicable to the Veendam

sam p ling episode are outlined in the Quality Assurance Project Plan for Rulemaking Support for

Large Cruise Ships in Alaska Waters (QAPP) , which is included in the Cruise Ship Rulem a king

Record and is available upon request. This section describes the quality control practices used to

assess the precision and accuracy of the analytical data presented in Section 4.0. Quality control

(QC) practices used for this sam p ling episode include the analysis of m a trix spikes, duplicate

sam p les, and quality control standard checks.

Analytical Quality Control

EPA verified that laboratory performance was acceptable by conductig quality

checks of the analytical data as specif i ed by the QAPP. D ata review chem ists prepared written data

review narratives (Appendix D) describing any qualifications of the analytical data. The following data

were not considered to be of acceptable quality for the reasons discussed in Appendix D and were

excluded from the data set:

C 

# Three pesticides:

— N orflurazon in sam ples 65215, 65227, and 65240,

— A ncephate in sam p le 65227, and

— K epone in sam p le 65240.

One pathogen indicator:

— E nterococci in sam p le 65262.

5-1 C

# C 

# Four sem i volatile organics:

— B enzidine for all sam p les, and

— 4 -Nitrophenol, pentachlorophenol, and hexachlorocyclopentadiene

in sam p le 65293.

5.1.1 Cyanide Results

There was uncertainty regarding the analytical results for available and total

cyanide. Although these data have not been excluded from the database, the results are

presented in Table 5-1 and not in the analytical results sum m a ry tables in Section 4.1. Available

cyanide was detected in m a ny sam p les, while total cyanide was not detected in these sam p les. In

theory, the total cyanide results f o r any given sam p le will be greater than the available cyanide

results in the sam e sam p le. Further investigation identif ied m u ltiple issues with sam p le

collection and analysis that m a y have led to the irreconcilable results for total and available

cyanide in these sam p les, including poor m a trix spike/m a trix spike duplicate recoveries for total

cyanide, lack of treatm e nt to rem ove sulfides interferences for som e sam p les, and poor

agreem ent of duplicate sam p le results (see m em o randa Data Review Narrative for Classical

Analyses for the Alaska Cruise Ship Industry Episode 6503 and Issues Associated with Results

for Total Cyanide Versus Available Cyanide in Appendix D for a com p lete discussion). Because

it was not possible to determ ine which analysis was correct, EPA flagged the irreconcilable

results in the database to alert data users to the presence of such problem s.

EPA did not identify any known source of cyanide onboard the Veendam during

its onboard interviews regarding activities that im pact wastewater generation.

5.1.2 Mercury Results

There was expressed uncertainty regarding the analytical results f o r total and dissolved

m e rcury because these analytes were detected in a laboratory blank at concentrations greater

than the m e thod detection lim it (MDL). See data review narrative for total and dissolved m etals

analyses in Appendix D for a com p lete discussion. Although other m etals analytes were detected in

laboratory blanks at concentrations greater than the MDL, total m ercury was the only

5-2

# analyte that was detected in the treatm e nt effluent above one or m o re water quality

criteria/standards.

5.2 Field Quality Control

The trip blank, equipm ent blank, and fi eld duplicate results are the field QA/QC

m easures discussed in this subsection. Section 3.8 of the Veendam SAP discusses field QC

specifications. Tables presented in this section of this docum ent include results for only those

analytes detected in the field QC sam p les dur ing the sam p ling episode. Appendices A-1 and A-2

contain the results for all analytes, both detected and nondetected.

5.2.1 Trip Blank

A trip blank was collected and analyzed f o r volatile organics to evaluate possible

contam ination during shipm e nt and handling of sam p les. This sam p le consisted of high

perform a nce liquid chrom a tography (HPLC) water. The trip blank was prepared prior to the

start of the sam p ling episode, and accom p anied sam p les shipped to the laboratory on June 25,

2004.

No volatile organics were detected in the trip blank, indicating that there was no

contam ination of sam p les during transport, field handling, storage, or shipping. (Note that there

is no table with the results of the analyses in this section of the report because all results are

nondetects.)

5.2.2 Equipment Blank

The sam p ling team collected an equipm ent blank to assess the potential

introduction of contam inants by sam p le collection equipm ent. The sam p le collection equipm ent

used to collect the equipm ent blank was the sam e as that used at the sam p ling points:

approxim a tely 4 feet of Teflon® tubing connect ed on one end to a series of m e tal plum bing

fixtures installed on each sam p le port, and the other end to a sm all segm ent of silicone tubing

5-3

# used in the peristaltic pum p m echanism of the autom a tic sam p ler. The equipm ent blank was

collected by pum ping HPLC water through this equipm ent directly into sam p le bottles.

Table 5-2 presents the detected results for the equipm ent blank. Nine total m e tals

and 11 dissolved m e tals were detected in the equipm ent blank. Table 5-2 also includes a value

for hardness (a classical analyte), which was calculated based on the total m a gnesium and

calcium concentrations detected in the sam p le using Standard Method 2340B. In tables

presenting the analytical results in Section 4.1, all 20 of these m e tal analytes and hardness are

flagged with an “(e)” to indicate they were detected in the equipm ent blank. EPA will consider

the im pact of possible contam ination from sam p ling equipm ent in a future analysis.

5.2.3 Field Duplicates

Field duplicate sam p les were collected to assess the precision of the entire sam p le

collection, handling, preparation, and analysis process. The relative percent difference (RPD)

between the two duplicate sam p le results is calculated and com p ared to the data quality

objective. For this program , the QAPP provides an RPD target for field duplicate sam p les as

less than 30% for all analytes of a specific analytical m e thod.

Classical Pollutants (Except HEM/SGT-HEM), Total and Dissolved Metals,

and Semivolatile Organics

For classical pollutants (except HEM/SGT-HEM), total and dissolved m e tals, and

sem i volatile organics, field duplicate sam p les were sam p les collected from the sam e source, at

the sam e tim e, then stored and analyzed independently. The duplicate sam p les were collected as

split sam p les poured from the sam e m i xed sam p le com posite jars to m i nim i ze sam p le

wastestream variability. Duplicate sam p les f o r these analytes were collected f r om the ef f l uent

from the wastewater treatm e nt system (SP-9/10) , except for the following: duplicate sam p les for

dioxins and furans analytes were collected fr om the laundry graywater (SP-1/2), and duplicate

sam p les for pesticides analytes were collected from the influent to the wastewater treatm e nt

system (SP-6/7).

5-4

# Table 5-3 presents analytical results and the RPDs for these duplicate sam p les and

includes analytical results for only those analytes that were detected at least once in wastewater

sam p les (i.e., graywater sources, influent to treatm e nt system , or effluent from treatm e nt system )

during the sam p ling episode. Duplicate sam p le results for pesticides and dioxins and furans are

not shown in Table 5-3 because these analytes were not detected in any wastewater sam p les

during the sam p ling episode, including these duplicate sam p les.

There was excellent precision in sam p ling and analysis for this sam p ling episode.

Of the 134 duplicate pairs listed in Table 5-3, 122 either achieved the RPD target, or the RPD

could not be calculated because both of the duplicate sam p les were less than the detection lim it.

The RPD could not be calculated for 9 of the duplicate pairs because the analyte was detected in

one sam p le but not the other. Analytical variability increases as analyte concentrations approach

their detection lim its. The three duplicate pairs with an RPD outside of the target (i.e., $ 

# 30%

difference) include one of two duplicate pairs fo r each of alum inum , dissolved m e rcury, and total

Kjeldahl nitrogen. These results are not uncom m on in com p lex wastewater sam p les.

In tables presenting the analytical results in Section 4.1, duplicate sam p le results

are presented as averages (calculation uses detection lim its for nondetected results).

Pathogen Indicators, HEM/SGT-HEM, Volatile Organics, and Dioxins and

Furans in Incinerator Ash

For pathogen indicators, HEM/SGT-HEM, volatile organics, and dioxins and

furans in incinerator ash, field duplicate sam p les were collected sequentially and not as split

sam p les as was done for the other analytes. For these sam p les, this m e thodology introduced

sam p le wastestream variability into the assessm ent of the precision of sam p le collection and

analysis. Duplicate sam p les for these analytes were collected from the effluent from the

treatm e nt system (SP-9/10), except for the follo wing: one duplicate sam p le pair for pathogen

indicators and two duplicate sam p le pairs for HE M/SGT-HEM were collected from the influent

to the treatm e nt system (SP-6/7), and one dup licate sam p le pair for pathogen indicators was

collected from the influent to UV disinfection ( SP-8). Duplicate sam p les for dioxins and furans

were collected from the incinerator ash (SP-13/ 14). As discussed in Section 3.6, collection and

5-5

# analysis of duplicate sam p les for analysis of HEM/SGT-HEM is a deviation from the Veendam

SAP. In addition, collection and analysis of pathogen indicators duplicate sam p les at sam p ling

locations other than the effluent from the treat m e nt system (SP-9/10) was also a deviation from

the Veendam SAP (see Section 3.6). Table 5-4 presents analytical results and the RPDs for these

duplicate sam p les.

The RPD target of less than 30% m a y not be appropriate for these duplicate

sam p les because the wastestream s are expected to be variable. As shown in Table 5-4, for

influent to treatm e nt and influent to UV disi nfection wastewaters, 5 of the 10 duplicate sam p le

pairs had RPDs greater than 30%. Of the 37 duplicate sam p le pairs listed in Table 5-4 for the

effluent from treatm e nt, one achieved the QA PP-specified RPD target, and for 33, the RPD

could not be calculated because both of the duplicate sam p les was less than the detection lim it.

The RPD could not be calculated for one of the duplicate pairs because the analyte was detected

in one sam p le but not the other. The two sam p le pairs with an RPD outside of the target (i.e.,

$ 

# 30% difference) were for tetrachloroethene. For incinerator ash sam p les, 12 of the 17 duplicate

sam p le pairs had RPDs greater than 30%.

In tables presenting the analytical results in Section 4.1, duplicate sam p le results

are presented as averages (calculation uses detection lim its for nondetected results). In the case

of pathogen indicators, average daily results presented incorporate both duplicate grab sam p les

and m u ltiple grab sam p les collected for individual analysis during each 24-hour sam p ling period.

First, duplicate results, where applicable, were averaged to determ ine the average individual grab

sam p le results for that sam p le (e.g., grab 1 duplicate sam p le results for Day 3 were averaged

together to represent the average grab 1 sam p le result for Day 3). Next, the individual grab

sam p le results for each day were averaged to calculate the average daily pathogen indicators

results presented in the tables (e.g., grab sam p le results 1 through 3 for Day 3 were averaged

together to calculate the average Day 3 pathogen indicators sam p le results). In this way, the

average daily pathogen indicators results presented in the tables are weighted equally by tim e of

day, rather than weighted m o re heavily by the particular tim e of day when duplicate grab

sam p les were collected.

5-6

# Table 5-1

Available and Total Cyanide Analytical Results, Holland America Veendam

Available and total cyanide analytical resu lts are irreconcilable; see Section 5.1.1.



# Waste Stream Available Cyanide

(ug/L) Total Cyanide

(ug/L)

Laundry (SP-1) ND(2.00) ND(5.00)

Accom m odations (SP-3) 15.7 ND(5.00)

Food Pulper (SP-4) 88.4 14.0

Galley (SP-5) ND(2.00) ND(5.00)

Influent to Treatm e nt (SP-6), Day 1 10.4 ND(5.00)

Influent to Treatm e nt (SP-6), Day 2 ND(2.00) ND(5.00)

Influent to Treatm e nt (SP-6), Day 3 7 .54 ND(5.00)

Influent to Treatm e nt (SP-6), Day 4 35.4 ND(5.00)

Influent to Treatm e nt (SP-6), Day 5 16.0 ND(5.00)

Effluent from Treatm e nt (SP-9), Day 1 < 5.48 ND(5.00)

Effluent from Treatm e nt (SP-9), Day 2 < 3.93 ND(5.00)

Effluent from Treatm e nt (SP-9), Day 3 ND(2.00) ND(5.00)

Effluent from Treatm e nt (SP-9), Day 4 ND(2.00) ND(5.00)

Effluent from Treatm e nt (SP-9), Day 5 2 .01 ND(5.00)

Screening Solids (SP-11) ND(2.00) ND(5.00)

Biosludge (SP-12) ND(2.00) ND(5.00)

Source W a ter (SP-15) 19.1 ND(5.00)

< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection lim its for nondetect results).

ND - Not detected (num ber in parentheses is detection lim it).



# 5-7

# Table 5-2

Equipment Blank Analytical Results, Holland America Veendam

Analytical results for analytes detected in the equipm ent blank. See Appendix A-2 for all analytical results (detected

and nondetected). The equipm ent blank was collected as a one-tim e grab sam p le. Priority pollutants (designated by

EPA in 40 CFR Part 423, Appendix A) are identified where applicable.

Analyte U nit Priority Pollutant

Code Equipment Blank

(SP-17)

Classical Pollutants

Hardness m g /L 0.170

Total and Dissolved Metals

Barium , Total ug/L 8 .00

Calcium

, Total ug/L 58.2

Copper, Total ug/L P 120 23.5

Iron, Total ug/L 191

Lead, Total ug/L P 122 27.8

Manganese, Total ug/L 5 .20

Sodium , Total ug/L 197

Titanium , Total ug/L 0 .440

Zinc, Total ug/L P 128 256

Alum inum , Dissolved ug/L 406

Barium , Dissolved ug/L 21.2

Calcium

, Dissolved ug/L 53.2

Copper, Dissolved ug/L P 120 3.10

Iron, Dissolved ug/L 35.1

Lead, Dissolved ug/L P 122 77.2

Magnesium , Dissolved ug/L 12.4

Manganese, Dissolved ug/L 5 .80

Sodium , Dissolved ug/L 260

Titanium , Dissolved ug/L 0 .960

Zinc, Dissolved ug/L P 128 46.5



# 5-8

# 5-9Table 5-3Field Duplicate Analytical Results for Classical Pollutants (Except HEM/SGT-HEM),Total and Dissolved Metals, and Semivolatile Organics, Holland America VeendamField duplicate analytical results for classical pollutants (except HEM/SGT-HEM), total and dissolved metals, and semivolatileorganics, detected at least once inwastewater samples during the sampling episode.See Appendix A-2 for all field duplicate analytical results (detected and nondetected).Field duplicate samplesfor these analytes are split samples collected fromthe samesource,at the sametime, stored and analyzed independently.Results for duplicate samples forpesticides fromthe influent to treatment (SP-6/7) and dioxinsand furans fromthe laundry wastewater (SP-1/2) are not presented in this table as these analyteswere not detected in these samples.See Figure 2-2 for the sampling point locations.Also listed are the average result and relative percent difference calculatedfor each duplicate pair.Priority pollutants (designated by EPAin 40 CFR Part 423, Appendix A) are identified where applicable.AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers(a)OriginalEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9) (b)DuplicateEffluent fromTreatment(SP-10) (b)AverageRelativePercentDifferenceClassical PollutantsAlkalinity(s)mg/L65261652812222222220.0Alkalinity(s)mg/L65265652832612692653.0Ammonia As Nitrogen (NH3-N) (s)mg/L652616528111.011.011.00.0Ammonia As Nitrogen (NH3-N) (s)mg/L652776528929.029.029.00.0Available Cyanide (s)ug/LP1216526165281ND(2.00)8.96< 5.48NCAvailable Cyanide (s)ug/LP12165265652835.86ND(2.00)< 3.93NCBiochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD5)mg/L6526965285ND(2.00)ND(2.00)ND(2.00)NCBiochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD5)mg/L65277652892.242.492.3711Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)mg/L652616528134.033.033.53.0Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)mg/L652776528939.046.042.516(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-3 (Continued)



# 5-10AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers(a)OriginalEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9) (b)DuplicateEffluent fromTreatment(SP-10) (b)AverageRelativePercentDifferenceChloride (s)mg/L652616528160.062.061.03.3Chloride (s)mg/L652656528368.066.067.03.0Hardness (e) (s)mg/L652616528124.424.024.21.7Hardness (e) (s)mg/L652696528540.440.740.60.74Nitrate/Nitrite (NO2-N + NO3-N)(s)mg/L6526165281ND(0.050)ND(0.050)ND(0.050)NCNitrate/Nitrite (NO2-N + NO3-N)(s)mg/L6527765289ND(0.050)ND(0.050)ND(0.050)NCSettleable ResiduemL/L6527365287ND(0.110)ND(0.110)ND(0.110)NCSettleable ResiduemL/L65277652891.00ND(0.11)< 0.555NCSulfate (s)mg/L6526165281ND(3.00)ND(3.00)ND(3.00)NCSulfate (s)mg/L65265652834.004.004.000.0Total Cyanidemg/LP1216526165281ND(0.005)ND(0.005)ND(0.005)NCTotal Cyanidemg/LP1216526565283ND(0.005)ND(0.005)ND(0.005)NCTotal Dissolved Solids (TDS) (s)mg/L65261652813233243240.31Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) (s)mg/L65265652833853863860.26Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN)(s)mg/L652616528112.056.034.0130Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) (s)mg/L652776528929.028.028.53.5Total Organic Carbon (TOC)mg/L652616528113.012.012.58.0Total Organic Carbon (TOC)mg/L652776528914.012.013.015(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-3 (Continued)



# 5-11AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers(a)OriginalEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9) (b)DuplicateEffluent fromTreatment(SP-10) (b)AverageRelativePercentDifferenceTotal Phosphorusmg/L65261652810.2100.1700.19021Total Phosphorusmg/L65277652897.008.007.5013Total Suspended Solids (TSS)mg/L6526165281ND(5.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.00)NCTotal Suspended Solids (TSS)mg/L6526565283ND(5.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.00)NCTotal andDissolvedMetalsAluminum, Totalug/L652616528136.829.433.122Aluminum, Totalug/L652696528528.463.946.277Aluminum, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L652616528133.136.234.78.9Aluminum, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L652696528534.340.037.215Antimony, Totalug/LP1146526165281ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)NCAntimony, Totalug/LP1146526965285ND(5.97)ND(5.97)ND(5.97)NCArsenic, Totalug/LP1156526165281ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)NCArsenic, Totalug/LP1156526965285ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)NCArsenic, Dissolvedug/LP1156526165281ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)NCArsenic, Dissolvedug/LP1156526965285ND(2.32)ND(2.32)ND(2.32)NCBarium, Total (e) (s)ug/L652616528116.215.816.02.5Barium, Total (e) (s)ug/L652696528525.725.825.80.39Barium, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L652616528115.415.715.61.9Barium, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L652696528526.325.225.84.3(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-3 (Continued)



# 5-12AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers(a)OriginalEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9) (b)DuplicateEffluent fromTreatment(SP-10) (b)AverageRelativePercentDifferenceBeryllium,Totalug/LP1176526165281ND(0.054)ND(0.054)ND(0.054)NCBeryllium,Totalug/LP1176526965285ND(0.054)ND(0.054)ND(0.054)NCBoron, Total (s)ug/L6526165281ND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)NCBoron, Total (s)ug/L6526965285ND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)NCBoron, Dissolved (s)ug/L6526165281ND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)NCBoron, Dissolved (s)ug/L6526965285ND(3.37)ND(3.37)ND(3.37)NCCadmium, Totalug/LP1186526165281ND(0.446)ND(0.446)ND(0.446)NCCadmium, Totalug/LP1186526965285ND(0.446)ND(0.446)ND(0.446)NCCalcium, Total (e) (s)ug/L65261652817,2907,1907,2401.4Calcium, Total (e) (s)ug/L652696528512,90013,00013,0000.77Calcium, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L65261652817,1007,0707,0900.42Calcium, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L652696528513,20012,70013,0003.9Chromium, Totalug/LP1196526165281ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)NCChromium, Totalug/LP1196526965285ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)NCChromium, Dissolvedug/LP1196526165281ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)NCChromium, Dissolvedug/LP1196526965285ND(1.68)ND(1.68)ND(1.68)NCCobalt, Totalug/L6526165281ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)NCCobalt, Totalug/L6526965285ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)NCCobalt, Dissolved (s)ug/L65261652811.00ND(0.914)< 0.957NC(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-3 (Continued)



# 5-13AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers(a)OriginalEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9) (b)DuplicateEffluent fromTreatment(SP-10) (b)AverageRelativePercentDifferenceCobalt, Dissolved (s)ug/L6526965285ND(0.914)ND(0.914)ND(0.914)NCCopper, Total (e) (s)ug/LP120652616528110.111.010.68.5Copper, Total (e) (s)ug/LP12065269652859.008.408.706.9Copper, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/LP12065261652818.708.708.700.0Copper, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/LP12065269652857.207.207.200.0Iron, Total (e) (s)ug/L65261652813763753760.27Iron, Total (e) (s)ug/L65269652853643693671.4Iron, Dissolved (e)ug/L65261652813543583561.1Iron, Dissolved (e)ug/L65269652853633513573.4Lead, Total (e)ug/LP1226526165281ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)NCLead, Total (e)ug/LP1226526965285ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)NCLead, Dissolved (e)ug/LP1226526165281ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)NCLead, Dissolved (e)ug/LP1226526965285ND(3.08)ND(3.08)ND(3.08)NCMagnesium, Total (s)ug/L65261652811,5001,4701,4902.0Magnesium, Total (s)ug/L65269652851,9902,0102,0001.0Magnesium, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L65261652811,4601,4601,4600.0Magnesium, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L65269652852,0501,9802,0203.5Manganese, Total (e) (s)ug/L652616528112.312.112.21.6Manganese, Total (e) (s)ug/L652696528518.018.218.11.1(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-3 (Continued)



# 5-14AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers(a)OriginalEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9) (b)DuplicateEffluent fromTreatment(SP-10) (b)AverageRelativePercentDifferenceManganese, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L652616528114.212.513.413Manganese, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L652696528519.119.519.32.1Mercury,Total (s)ug/LP1236526165281ND(0.017)ND(0.017)ND(0.017)NCMercury,Total (s)ug/LP1236526965285ND(0.017)0.310< 0.164NCMercury,Dissolved (s)ug/LP12365261652810.2500.2900.27015Mercury,Dissolved (s)ug/LP12365269652850.2700.3900.33036Molybdenum, Totalug/L6526165281ND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)NCMolybdenum, Totalug/L6526965285ND(1.50)ND(1.50)ND(1.50)NCNickel, Total (s)ug/LP124652616528123.923.723.80.84Nickel, Total (s)ug/LP124652696528514.215.014.65.5Nickel, Dissolved (s)ug/LP124652616528123.623.323.51.3Nickel, Dissolved (s)ug/LP124652696528514.815.014.91.3Selenium, Totalug/LP1256526165281ND(0.572)0.600< 0.586NCSelenium, Totalug/LP12565269652850.7200.6400.68012Selenium, Dissolvedug/LP1256526165281ND(0.572)0.640< 0.606NCSelenium, Dissolvedug/LP12565269652850.8100.8000.8051.2Silver, Totalug/LP1266526165281ND(1.28)ND(1.28)ND(1.28)NCSilver, Totalug/LP1266526965285ND(1.28)ND(1.28)ND(1.28)NCSodium, Total (e) (s)ug/L652616528194,80092,30093,6002.7(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-3 (Continued)



# 5-15AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers(a)OriginalEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9) (b)DuplicateEffluent fromTreatment(SP-10) (b)AverageRelativePercentDifferenceSodium, Total (e) (s)ug/L652696528588,70089,40089,1000.79Sodium, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L652616528191,40090,90091,2000.55Sodium, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/L652696528590,60087,30089,0003.7Thallium,Total (s)ug/LP1276526165281ND(0.009)ND(0.009)ND(0.009)NCThallium,Total (s)ug/LP1276526965285ND(0.009)ND(0.009)ND(0.009)NCThallium,Dissolvedug/LP1276526165281ND(0.009)ND(0.009)ND(0.009)NCThallium,Dissolvedug/LP1276526965285ND(0.009)ND(0.009)ND(0.009)NCTin, Totalug/L6526165281ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)NCTin, Totalug/L6526965285ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)NCTin, Dissolvedug/L6526165281ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)NCTin, Dissolvedug/L6526965285ND(3.45)ND(3.45)ND(3.45)NCTitanium, Total (e)ug/L6526165281ND(0.253)ND(0.253)ND(0.253)NCTitanium, Total (e)ug/L6526965285ND(0.253)ND(0.253)ND(0.253)NCTitanium, Dissolved (e)ug/L6526165281ND(0.253)0.380< 0.317NCTitanium, Dissolved (e)ug/L65269652850.340ND(0.253)< 0.297NCVanadium, Totalug/L6526165281ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)NCVanadium, Totalug/L6526965285ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)NCVanadium, Dissolvedug/L6526165281ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)NCVanadium, Dissolvedug/L6526965285ND(0.679)ND(0.679)ND(0.679)NC(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-3 (Continued)



# 5-16AnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers(a)OriginalEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9) (b)DuplicateEffluent fromTreatment(SP-10) (b)AverageRelativePercentDifferenceYttrium, Totalug/L6526165281ND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)NCYttrium, Totalug/L6526965285ND(0.222)ND(0.222)ND(0.222)NCZinc, Total (e) (s)ug/LP12865261652815535455491.5Zinc, Total (e) (s)ug/LP12865269652853203463337.8Zinc, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/LP12865261652815365325340.75Zinc, Dissolved (e) (s)ug/LP12865269652853293163234.0Semivolatile OrganicsBis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalateug/LP0666526565283ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)NCBis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalateug/LP0666527765289ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)NCPhenanthreneug/LP0816526565283ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)NCPhenanthreneug/LP0816527765289ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)NCPhenolug/LP0656526565283ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)NCPhenolug/LP0656527765289ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)NC(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).

# 5-17Table 5-4Field Duplicate Analytical Resultsfor Pathogen Indicators, HEM/SGT-HEM,Volatile Organics, and Dioxins and Furans in Incinerator Ash, Holland America VeendamField duplicate analytical results for pathogen indicators, HEM/SGT-HEM, volatile organics, and dioxins and furans in incinerator ash.Field duplicate samplesfor these analytes were collected sequentially fromthe samesource, stored and analyzed independently.See Figure 2-2 for thesampling point locations.Alsolisted are the average result and relative percent difference calculated for each duplicate pair.Priority pollutants (designated by EPA in 40 CFR Part 423,Appendix A) are identified where applicable.WasteStreamAnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers (a)OriginalDuplicateAverageRelativePercentDifferenceInfluent toPathogen IndicatorsTreatment(SP-6/7)(b)E. coliMPN/100 mL6522465310> 2,420,00075,900> 1,250,000NCEnterococciMPN/100 mL6522465310> 2,420,000201,000> 1,310,000NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL652246531014,500,0003,600,0009,050,000120Classical PollutantsHexane Extractable Material (HEM)mg/L65227652281271311293.1Hexane Extractable Material (HEM)mg/L652316523215417416412Silica Gel Treated HEM(SGT-HEM)mg/L652276522848.021.034.578Silica Gel Treated HEM(SGT-HEM)mg/L652316523212.017.014.534Influent toPathogen IndicatorsUVDisinfection(SP-8) (b)E. coliMPN/100 mL652596530475.477.176.32.2EnterococciMPN/100 mL652596530460.835.448.153Fecal ColiformCFU/100mL652596530418.28.1813.276(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-4 (Continued)



# 5-18WasteStreamAnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers (a)OriginalDuplicateAverageRelativePercentDifferenceEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9/10)(b)Pathogen IndicatorsE. coliMPN/100 mL6526465302ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCE. coliMPN/100 mL6526765303ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCE. coliMPN/100 mL6527665311ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCE. coliMPN/100 mL6527965305ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCE. coliMPN/100 mL6526165281ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCE. coliMPN/100 mL6526565283ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCE. coliMPN/100 mL6527365287ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCE. coliMPN/100 mL6527465288ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCE. coliMPN/100 mL6527765289ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCEnterococciMPN/100 mL6526465302ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCEnterococciMPN/100 mL6526765303ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCEnterococciMPN/100 mL65276653111.001.001.000.0EnterococciMPN/100 mL6527965305ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCEnterococciMPN/100 mL6526165281ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCEnterococciMPN/100 mL6526565283ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCEnterococciMPN/100 mL6527365287ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCEnterococciMPN/100 mL65274652885.10ND(1.00)< 3.05NC(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-4 (Continued)



# 5-19WasteStreamAnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers (a)OriginalDuplicateAverageRelativePercentDifferenceEffluent fromTreatment(SP-9/10)(b)EnterococciMPN/100 mL6527765289ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL6526465302ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL6526765303ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL6527665311ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL6527965305ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL6526165281ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL6526565283ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL6527365287ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL6527465288ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCFecal ColiformCFU/100 mL6527765289ND(1.00)ND(1.00)ND(1.00)NCClassical PollutantsHexane Extractable Material (HEM)mg/L6526965270ND(5.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.00)NCHexane Extractable Material (HEM)mg/L6527365274ND(5.00)ND(6.00)ND(5.50)NCHexane Extractable Material (HEM)mg/L6527765278ND(6.00)ND(6.00)ND(6.00)NCSilica Gel Treated HEM(SGT-HEM)mg/L6526965270ND(5.00)ND(5.00)ND(5.00)NCSilica Gel Treated HEM(SGT-HEM)mg/L6527365274ND(5.00)ND(6.00)ND(5.50)NCSilica Gel Treated HEM(SGT-HEM)mg/L6527765278ND(6.00)ND(6.00)ND(6.00)NC(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).Table 5-4 (Continued)



# 5-20WasteStreamAnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers (a)OriginalDuplicateAverageRelativePercentDifferenceEffluent fromVolatile OrganicsTreatment(SP-9/10)(b)Tetrachloroetheneug/LP085652656528321.753.037.484Tetrachloroetheneug/LP085652696528539.456.047.735Trichloroetheneug/LP0876526565283ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)NCTrichloroetheneug/LP0876526965285ND(10.0)ND(10.0)ND(10.0)NCIncineratorDioxins and FuransAsh(SP-13/14)(b)1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDDpg/g652936529443.93401921501,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDFpg/g65293652941933,5801,8901801,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDFpg/g652936529415.52191171701,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDDpg/g6529365294ND(10.0)13.6<11.8NC1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDFpg/g652936529443.73321881501,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDDpg/g65293652946.1228.817.51301,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDFpg/g652936529443.33311871501,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDDpg/g65293652949.3449.029.21401,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDFpg/g6529365294ND(10.0)12.4<11.2NC1,2,3,7,8-PeCDDpg/g6529365294ND(10.0)6.40<8.20NC1,2,3,7,8-PeCDFpg/g652936529429.055.742.4632,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDFpg/g652936529465.8787426170(a)Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)Sampling point location; see Figure 2-2.(e)Analyte detected at somelevel in the equipment blank.See Section 5.2.2 and Table 5-2 for equipment blank results.(s)Analyte detected at somelevel in the source water.See Section 4.1.7 and Table 4-8 for source water results.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan the laboratorydetection limit, or becauseone or both sample results is flagged bythe laboratoryas “>”becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently(see Appendix D).ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).

# 5-21Table 5-4 (Continued)WasteStreamAnalyteUnitPriorityPollutantCodeSample Numbers (a)OriginalDuplicateAverageRelativePercentDifferenceIncineratorAsh(SP-13/14)(b)2,3,4,7,8-PeCDFpg/g652936529453.42061301202,3,7,8-TCDDpg/g65293652941.631.371.50172,3,7,8-TCDFpg/g652936529437.632.835.214Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxinpg/g652936529473.4780427170Octachlorodibenzofuranpg/g652936529463.81,420742180(a)- Sample numbers identifycorresponding analytical results in Appendices A-1 and A-2.(b)- Sampling point location; see Figures 2-1 and 2-2.NC - Not calculated becauseone or both of the sample resultsislessthan and/or greater than the laboratorydetection limit.ND - Not detected (number in parenthesis is detection limit).< - Average result includes at least one nondetect value (calculation uses detection limits for nondetected results).> - Average result includesat least one result flagged bythe laboratoryas“>” becausethe sample wasnot diluted sufficiently.

# 6.0 

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for Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) . Available Online: www.atsdr.cdc.gov

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# 3. ATSDR, 1998. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Public Health

Statement for Phenol . Available Online: www.atsdr.cdc.gov

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Veendam . Cruise Ship Rulem a king Record (DCN 00581).

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6-1