September 11, 2012 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6103 

CELEBRATING STAN OVSHINSKY 

∑ Mr. LEVIN. Over the August recess, I 

had the pleasure of attending a 90th 

birthday party for a remarkable 

Michiganian, Stan Ovshinsky. I would 

like to share with my colleagues some 

of my remarks from that event. 

The word ‘‘visionary’’ is over used, 

but surely it applies to Stan 

Ovshinsky. 

His vision for decades has been a 

world freed from its dependence on fossil fuels. One in which we create good 

jobs and a growing economy on the 

strength of green ideas. One in which 

science lights the way to a brighter future, and in which justice and fairness 

prevail. 

He has worked for that vision every 

day of his 90 years, beginning in the 

machine shops of Akron, OH. 

The science behind what Stan has accomplished might be incomprehensible 

to most of us, even though Webster’s 

New World Dictionary tries to make it 

simple. Webster’s defines the word 

‘‘ovonic,’’ from the name Ovshinsky, as 

‘‘designating, of, or utilizing various 

glassy, amorphous materials that undergo electronic or structural changes, 

act as semiconductors when subjected 

to voltage, light, etc., and are used in 

computer memory elements, electronic 

switches, etc.’’ That may still be pretty hard to understand for many of us. 

But we certainly can understand the 

impact these innovations have had on 

the world. Through his work on advanced batteries, solar cells, hydrogen 

power and more, Stan is one of the people who has brought us closer to breaking our dependence on energy sources 

that endanger our environment, our 

economic well-being, and our national 

security. 

We can also understand Stan’s passion. Spend a few minutes talking to 

him about his vision, and you see the 

world as it could be, a world in which 

American innovators pioneer the technologies that power a new economy 

and create good jobs. 

So his vision isn’t just that of a scientist. It is the vision of a patriot. 

Stan knows that the visionary’s path 

is not an easy one. Those who seek to 

change the world embark on a lifetime 

of ups and downs. 

He never attended college, but lack 

of formal education didn’t stop him. As 

Edison showed us, humankind’s creative juices aren’t always meant for 

the more confined spaces of academia. 

Two centuries ago, a Frenchman, 

Alexis de Tocqueville, toured our 

brandnew Nation, traveling from its 

major cities to the raw frontier of 

places such as Detroit and Saginaw. 

Reflecting on the American character, de Tocqueville wrote that the 

average American was ‘‘above all an innovator. . . . Nothing prevents him 

from innovating. Everything leads him 

to innovate.’’ 

Stan is proof positive that the American spirit of innovation de Tocqueville 

described is alive and well. 

Many others joined me in celebrating 

Stan’s accomplishments. I would like 

to share with my colleagues the remarks of two distinguished guests: 

those of Hellmut Fritzche, the former 

chairman of the Physics Department at 

the University of Chicago; and of Harley Shaiken, the chair of the Center for 

Latin American Studies at the University of California-Berkley. I ask unanimous consent that their remarks be included in the RECORD.∑ 

There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in the 

RECORD, as follows: 

REMARKS OF HELLMUT FRITZCHE

STAN’S 90TH BIRTHDAY

This is a very special occasion! We are getting together with love, admiration and 

gratitude to celebrate the 90th birthday of 

Stan. He has deeply touched and profoundly 

influenced each one of us and changed our 

lives. Let me tell you about myself. 

Exactly 49 years ago began our most fruitful and exciting collaboration and a deeply 

enriching friendship that includes all our 

family members. Max Powel picked me up 

from the airport and I looked in vain for a 

sign saying Energy Conversion Devices at 

any of the big buildings we passed; Max said 

‘‘they haven’t put up a big sign yet’’. Soon I 

was sitting across Stan at his storefront office and laboratory at W. McNichols Rd. 

Right away Stan showed me the completely 

symmetric switching characteristics of his 

new devices on his oscilloscope. I was flabbergasted, astonished, puzzled and curious 

about the materials covering the two crossing wires which formed his device. All this 

was new. I was hooked. This was the opening 

to a new science which started a fruitful 

phase of my research. 

I was captivated by Stan’s immense intellect, exuberance, and his personal warmth 

and that of his young wife Iris. Iris, Stan’s 

soul, spirit and closest collaborator. Soon I 

was guest in their small house in Birmingham and played violin with their eight 

year old Steven. 

I realized that Stan had discovered a huge 

unexplored field of material science. This 

happens very rarely. We were in unchartered 

territory. In Stan’s disordered Ovonic materials we were confronted with phenomena of 

bewildering diversity and complexity which 

required for their explanation a new language and concepts. Stan’s intuition and 

deep understanding of the roles of different 

elements in his materials were ingenious. 

You would think that the scientific community welcomed with enthusiasm Stan’s 

lead into an entirely new field of materials 

with promising device possibilities. What a 

disappointment! Stan’s discoveries were contemptuously dismissed and attacked by 

mainstream physicists. Was it because Stan 

did not carry the union card of academic credentials? Stan who rightfully views science 

as the noblest endeavor was greatly disappointed by the pettiness, irrationality and 

lack of curiosity of a good fraction of scientists. Stan’s reaction was admirable. He 

did not respond impatiently or in anger. 

Since he was absolutely convinced of the correctness of his ideas and the potential of his 

materials, he trusted that his opponents 

would be won over as soon as they understood his ideas and discoveries. However, 

since his enemies were from the established 

research institutions, they were able to 

block all federal research support. That 

brought out Stan’s other talents, that of attracting and convincing like-minded people 

to help him accomplish his goals and realize 

his vision. These usually were likewise extraordinarily creative and imaginative personalities. Frequent visitors to Stan and Iris 

and ECD were Sir Nevill Mott, Isidor Rabi, 

Robert Wilson, Ed and Haru Reishauer and 

Edward Teller. 

Since I am name dropping, I have to tell 

you about a fascinating dream. I dreamed 

that Stan and Albert Einstein had become 

close friends, Stan was sitting at the desk 

and Einstein on his bed, there was no other 

furniture in Einstein’s Spartan room—They 

were in the house near Berlin which Einstein 

designed and had built for himself after the 

city of Berlin rescinded on its promise to 

present a house to Einstein as a gift of the 

city to his 50th birthday. Stan and Einstein 

were in a deep discussion. Einstein had just 

said ‘‘Stan, we have much in common. We 

both feel that the greatest joy in life is to 

discover a new truth of nature, we both were 

fortunate to experience it a number of 

times.’’ Stan objected to equating their 

achievements but Einstein stopped him ‘‘No, 

my work was much easier. Both of us follow 

our intuition and are doggedly stubborn like 

mules, but I needed only pencil and paper 

and was kept on a safe track by the logical 

rules of mathematics. You, on the other 

hand, navigated in unchartered territories, 

gathering all knowledge by experiments of 

your design on new materials of your making and interpreting measurements of limited accuracy. Yet you succeeded many 

times in discovering new materials and new 

laws of material science. Not only that, you 

designed these materials to be of great value 

to society.’’ 

‘‘I know some of the difficulties you must 

have encountered. I did an experiment only 

once in my life, with the young De Haas. It 

was a complete flop. We made such an unforgivable mistake that our experiment is still 

quoted under the demeaning rubric ‘‘Pathological Science’’ serving as an example of 

what experimentalists must avoid: ‘Never let 

your preconceived notion influence your experiment!’. We fell into that trap. We knew 

the value which we should find in our experiment because I had calculated it. We indeed 

measured it quite accurately. However, we 

were influenced and fooled by our prior 

knowledge. The true value turned out to be 

different by a factor two. My calculation, 

based on classical concepts, was wrong.’’ 

‘‘Now you see, Stan, how much I admire 

your successful forays into completely unknown territories with naysayers and enemies lurking around you. Who was this Oxford professor who claimed amorphous semiconductors cannot exist because he taught 

his students that their energy gap is formed 

by interference of the electron wave functions at the periodic lattice of crystals? We 

both had plenty of enemies, but for us they 

lived in a different universe because we knew 

we were right. I could easily disregard them, 

but for you they were serious, they tried to 

prevent your work from getting funded, experiments are expensive. So you had to play 

all the other roles: being an entrepreneur, 

fund raiser, inventor and engineer and machine builder, all in one person. Now you 

know why I consider you to be the one to be 

admired.’’ 

Stan was speechless, so Einstein carried on 

and said ‘‘I learned to protect my solitude, 

uncombed and dressed in my ragged sweater—I protect my privacy. You notice there is 

no living room and no telephone in this 

house I designed, and my wife Elsa has a 

great talent shunning away visitors.’’ 

I don’t remember what Stan said, but Einstein continued: ‘‘People are in awe of me 

but no one loves me. I never had true friends, 

I failed in my marriage. I envy you and Iris 

for your talent to form deep friendships and 

to elicit love. People are drawn to you; you 

understand them and you care. Even more, 

you bring out their best, many working with 

you feel you changed their lives. You and 


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S6104 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE September 11, 2012 

Iris created a unique ECD culture of innovation and collaboration. Enough said. So stop 

admiring me, you are great!’’ 

‘‘We share fundamental human values, I 

talked about them, but you practiced them; 

you were effective starting as a Union organizer and continued fighting against injustice and prejudice all your life. It is typical 

for you to be the only Fellow of the American Physical Society who, at the same time, 

is a union member of the International Association of Machinists.’’ 

Einstein then talked about his work in the 

patent office and how he enjoyed reading 

many of Stan’s 400 or so patents. Their discussion became too technical for me to include in this talk. Getting up, Einstein finally said: ‘‘by the way Stan, I learned about 

your explanation of dark matter, the 26 percent of all matter in the universe, one of the 

great puzzles of modern Cosmology. You said 

it is not matter at all but pure gravitation 

without matter. It is space/time curvature 

produced by non-uniform expansion of the 

universe instead of by matter. I agree with 

you, the expansion cannot be uniform because mass, that is the galaxies and nebula 

fill space in clumps. That will cause wrinkles 

in space time and hence additional curvatures, which of course act gravitationally, 

just what dark matter does. The referee was 

wrong rejecting your paper on the grounds of 

my field equations. These were written for a 

stationary universe in order to keep the 

mathematics simple and tractable. Modern 

scientists must not take as a gospel what I 

wrote down more than 80 years ago.’’ 

Here our dog jumped on my bed waking me 

up—what a dream! I had to tell you about it. 

I hope you appreciate my effort to imitate 

Einstein’s German accent. 

You might be surprised to hear Stan thinking about cosmological problems. I always 

stayed with Stan and Iris when I visited 

ECD. When we got to his home after a grueling and strenuous day for Stan, we swam in 

the lake, had a martini and enjoyed Iris’ delicious dinner. Then Stan said ‘‘Let us relax 

and talk about physics’’. Besides high temperature superconductivity, Bose Einstein 

condensation, non-silver photography, high 

remanence magnets, catalytic actions of 

nano-crystals, and of course the Ovonic 

switching and memory phenomena, we discussed current problems of cosmology. We 

sat in his basement study surrounded by 

thousands of his books, discussed and argued 

about scientific problems. Between my visits 

we exchanged letters summarizing and clarifying our thoughts in preparation of our next 

session. I found a bundle of our letters. These 

are the ones of 6 years between 1994 and 2000 

dealing with cosmology. They awake fond 

memories. 

I mentioned thousands of his books. They 

fill all rooms and the study, the guest room, 

the former gym and sauna in the basement. 

The books, most of them heavily annotated 

with colored markers, lead you through the 

history of the labor movement, biographies 

of all important and admirable people including some anarchists, books on Japanese 

Haiku, Chinese art, history of social movements and world history. With his incredible 

memory, Stan picks from the books piling up 

to the ceiling and finds the passage supporting his argument. Stan is a Renaissance 

man except for the important difference that 

in the Renaissance no one was at the same 

time a scientist, social activist, entrepreneur, machine builder, inventor, and 

manufacturer. We have to find a new name 

for a person with the incredible scope of 

knowledge and creativity of Stan. On the 

other hand, there is no other person, so let’s 

just call him Stan Ovshinsky. 

We wish you good health, success and a 

happy birthday. 

STAN OVSHINSKY: CELEBRATING THE PAST AND

ILLUMINATING THE FUTURE—HARLEY

SHAIKEN, UC-BERKELEY

It is an honor and a joy to be here today 

with Stan and Rosa, with their family and 

friends, to celebrate Stan’s 90th birthday. I 

will take my cue from Stan who has always 

celebrated the past while looking to the future. 

From a very young age Stan set out to 

change the world in a progressive—no, in a 

radical way—and the world is a far better 

place for his efforts. As impressive as his 

works have been, I believe they will prove 

defining for future generations. 

Stan has combined brilliant science with a 

deep commitment to social justice and he 

has pursued both with exceptional vision and 

courage. They are fully intertwined in his 

mind and his heart. They are not separate 

sides of Stan, they are Stan. 

If the term were not already used in physics, we might call the passionate combination of science and social justice: Ovonics. 

His path has never been easy. When the 

times were toughest, when the night was 

darkest, Stan persevered. Since it’s his 

birthday, let me begin with a verse by Ralph 

Chaplin, the IWW poet and troubadour, who 

at times wrote from a jail cell and who Stan 

reads in difficult times. 

Chaplin wrote in ‘‘No Truce for Us′′: 

‘‘Stubborn we stood against the stars to 

span 

The night with dreams, our faces to the 

gale’’. 

Stan has spanned a lifetime with dreams, 

surmounted the fiercest gales, and turned 

those dreams into profound new realities. 

Stan for me has been the dearest of friends, 

the most exceptional of mentors. There is no 

one with whom it is more exciting to share 

good news. When I met a beautiful young 

woman from Chile in 1973, who is the love of 

my life, I first brought her to meet Stan and 

Iris. And, there is no one who is more supportive when the sky appears to be falling. I 

wouldn’t be who I am today without Stan. 

Out of a lifetime of special moments I will 

speak briefly about two separated by decades 

and thousands of miles: the first was when I 

met Stan and Iris so many years ago in Detroit and, the second, when I stood with Stan 

and Rosa only a few years ago on an 8,000 

foot mountain in the north of Chile. 

I first met Stan and Iris when I was 15 in 

a basement community room in Northwest 

Detroit at a meeting to organize a chapter of 

the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), a 

civil rights group. Their ideals and their love 

for each other flowed through the room. The 

1960s were just beginning. The times were 

very heady and the times were deeply troubled. Stan and Iris’s commitment to civil 

rights was inspiring. They supported students in the South who were being brutally 

beaten for sitting at lunch counters and they 

stood with African American families in Detroit who were threatened for wanting a decent home down the block. 

I would soon learn that Stan had organized 

workers into unions in the 1930s and 1940s, on 

occasion being chased or beaten for his efforts, and I would see him stand proudly with 

labor throughout his life; I would see Stan 

champion human rights throughout the 

world whether in Russia or Chile; I would see 

his support of women in his life and in his 

company far ahead of the curve; and I would 

witness him oppose unjust wars guided by a 

moral compass whatever the personal cost. 

In the weeks and months after we met a 

friendship bloomed. I would meet Stan and 

Iris after school in the storefront offices on 

Six Mile Road of a company they had just 

founded. At the time, the company had an 

oscilloscope or two and was about to hire its 

first employee. It’s name and its mission 

would prove prophetic: Energy Conversion 

Laboratories. What a name to choose in 1960! 

In Stan’s office, there was a periodic table 

of the elements on the wall and shelves of 

books from Albert Einstein to the Chilean 

poet Pablo Neruda, from the British philosopher Bertrand Russell to the American labor 

leader A. Philip Randolph. 

As we talked, Stan would pull books off 

the shelves and put them into my hands, 

books that would change my life. George Orwell’s Homage to Catalonia; John Reed’s Ten 

Days That Shook the World; the Rev. Martin 

Luther King Jr’s Stride Toward Freedom; 

and the German expressionist George Grosz’s 

paintings and drawings, among many others. 

Although Stan has honorary doctorates in 

physics from the University of Michigan and 

great universities throughout the world, he 

says he acquired his advanced degree at the 

Akron Public Library; I acquired mine in 

that Six Mile Road office. 

In his office and in his living room, Stan 

spoke passionately about science, he spoke 

about energy and information as the pillars 

of a new age, and he spoke about building a 

better world with urgency. 

As I would quickly learn, for Stan speaking was the prelude to action. Ideas led to 

new theories, new materials, new areas of 

science; they led to machines and factories; 

they laid the foundation for new industries. 

Stan’s path-breaking science harnessed the 

energy of the sun and his values sought to 

use science to create jobs, avoid wars over 

energy, and preserve the environment. 

His vision was always international. He 

has traveled the world tirelessly I suspect 

with the words of Eugene Debs in mind ‘‘if 

there is a lower class I am in it, if there is 

a criminal element I am of it, if there is a 

soul in prison I am not free.’’ And, his practice seemed to have added ‘‘if someone sits 

in darkness my world becomes dimmer.’’ 

Among so many global achievements, forgotten villagers in Oaxaca, Mexico were able to 

light the night using his solar materials and 

illuminate a path to a better future. 

Three years ago I came with Ricardo 

Lagos, the legendary former president of 

Chile, to Detroit to meet Stan and Rosa. 

He was so impressed by the visit—Stan and 

he proved to be kindred spirits—that he organized a trip for them to Chile a few 

months later. 

We were invited to spend a magical day at 

the Paranal Observatory on an 8,000-foot 

peak in the Atacama desert, the driest place 

on the planet. Under a sundrenched sky and 

during a night overflowing with stars, Stan 

expressed admiration for what democratic 

governments had achieved in Chile and spoke 

eloquently about solar possibilities for the 

future. Over an intense week, he added a 

vital, transforming voice to thinking about 

renewable energy in the country. 

The magic continued at the home of President Michelle Bachelet, a remarkable woman 

and an exceptional president. Stan and her 

shared an instant rapport and a deep, personal connection on values and ideals. The 

commitment for a better world burned 

brightly for both of them. 

These special moments made me realize 

that Stan has changed the world in ways 

that he and we may not yet fully recognize. 

We will look back and see that his science 

and his life defined our age in profound ways. 

He has inspired far more deeply and far 

more widely than he may know. He has inspired because, as Senator CARL LEVIN so 

eloquently put it, ‘‘Stan has allowed us to 

see the world as it could be.’’ 

Those who worked with him at Energy 

Conversion Devices saw his ideals in practice. He created a culture that celebrated the 

worth and capacity of people—whatever 


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September 11, 2012 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6105 

their formal qualifications, whoever they 

were—and inspired unparalleled innovation 

and achievement over five decades. 

Along the way there have been setbacks 

and tough defeats. How could there not be 

given the powerful interests he has challenged and the profound ways in which he 

has upended the status quo? I am reminded 

about something his friend Norman Thomas 

once said, which is now enshrined on a 

plaque in the library at Princeton University. ‘‘I am not the champion of lost causes, 

but the champion of causes not yet won.’’ 

Let me conclude with another poem. In a 

world spiraling toward nightmare in 1938 

Bertolt Brecht wrote ‘‘To Posterity.’’ 

He lamented ‘‘Alas, we who sought a world 

of human kindness could not ourselves be 

kind.’’ 

Stan has rewritten the poem with the work 

of a lifetime. His version would read ‘‘we who 

sought a world of human kindness could only 

achieve it through kindness, generosity, and 

solidarity with our fellow human beings.’’ 

Happy birthday, Stan! 

f 

REMEMBERING LEO R. SEGALLA, 

SR. 

∑ Mr. VITTER. Mr. President, today I 

wish to honor the life, legacy, and contributions of Leo R. Segalla, Sr., who 

passed away on Monday, September 10, 

2012. Mr. Segalla was a dedicated prolife leader whose tireless efforts for 

many ministries and outreaches had a 

tremendous impact on the fight to defend the dignity of life. 

In 2007, Leo approached Louisiana 

Right to Life with the vision of creating a pro-life leadership training program for high school students. He developed the Louisiana Camp Joshua 

program on behalf of the Knights of Columbus and Louisiana Right to Life. 

Under his leadership, Camp Joshua 

flourished and grew to two camps, the 

first in Baton Rouge and the second in 

Lake Charles. Over the past 5 years, 

this program has trained hundreds of 

teens to speak effectively on life issues 

and has inspired young adults to be 

pro-life leaders in their communities. 

Leo also greatly contributed to the 

pro-life cause through his leadership in 

Baton Rouge Right to Life and as part 

of the Louisiana Life March Coalition. 

The pro-life community has lost a 

great friend and advocate, but his legacy will live on in the hundreds of 

young people who have been empowered to stand for the dignity and sanctity of all human life. 

It is with great sadness but also great 

honor that I recognize, commend, and 

celebrate the life and legacy of Leo 

Segalla. Leo was a champion of life 

who was unwavering in his defense of 

those who cannot defend themselves. I 

extend my deepest condolences to his 

family and friends in Louisiana.

f 

∑ 

MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT 

Messages from the President of the 

United States were communicated to 

the Senate by Mr. Pate, one of his secretaries. 

f 

EXECUTIVE MESSAGES REFERRED 

As in executive session the PRESIDING OFFICER laid before the Senate messages from the President of the 

United States submitting sundry nominations which were referred to the appropriate committees. 

(The messages received today are 

printed at the end of the Senate proceedings.) 

f 

REPORT ON THE CONTINUATION 

OF THE NATIONAL EMERGENCY 

WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS 

WHO COMMIT, THREATEN TO 

COMMIT, OR SUPPORT TERRORISM THAT WAS ESTABLISHED IN EXECUTIVE ORDER 

13224 ON SEPTEMBER 23, 2001—PM 

61 

The PRESIDING OFFICER laid before the Senate the following message 

from the President of the United 

States, together with an accompanying 

report; which was referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 

Urban Affairs: 

To the Congress of the United States: 

Section 202(d) of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1622(d)) provides 

for the automatic termination of a national emergency unless, within the 90- 

day period prior to the anniversary 

date of its declaration, the President 

publishes in the Federal Register and 

transmits to the Congress a notice 

stating that the emergency is to continue in effect beyond the anniversary 

date. In accordance with this provision, 

I have sent to the Federal Register for 

publication the enclosed notice, stating that the national emergency with 

respect to persons who commit, threaten to commit, or support terrorism is 

to continue in effect beyond September 

23, 2012. 

The crisis constituted by the grave 

acts of terrorism and threats of terrorism committed by foreign terrorists, including the terrorist attacks on 

September 11, 2001, in New York and 

Pennsylvania and against the Pentagon, and the continuing and immediate threat of further attacks on 

United States nationals or the United 

States that led to the declaration of a 

national emergency on September 23, 

2001, has not been resolved. These actions pose a continuing unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security, foreign policy, and economy of 

the United States. For these reasons, I 

have determined that it is necessary to 

continue the national emergency declared with respect to persons who 

commit, threaten to commit, or support terrorism, and maintain in force 

the comprehensive sanctions to respond to this threat. 

BARACK OBAMA.

THE WHITE

f 

HOUSE, September 11, 2012. 

REPORT RELATIVE TO THE CONTINUATION OF THE NATIONAL 

EMERGENCY WITH RESPECT TO 

THE TERRORIST ATTACKS ON 

THE UNITED STATES OF SEPTEMBER 11, 2001—PM 62 

The PRESIDING OFFICER laid before the Senate the following message 

from the President of the United 

States, together with an accompanying 

report; which was referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 

Urban Affairs: 

To the Congress of the United States 

Section 202(d) of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1622(d)) provides 

for the automatic termination of a national emergency unless, within the 90- 

day period prior to the anniversary 

date of its declaration, the President 

publishes in the Federal Register and 

transmits to the Congress a notice 

stating that the emergency is to continue in effect beyond the anniversary 

date. Consistent with this provision, I 

have sent to the Federal Register the enclosed notice, stating that the emergency declared with respect to the terrorist attacks on the United States of 

September 11, 2001, is to continue in effect for an additional year. 

The terrorist threat that led to the 

declaration on September 14, 2001, of a 

national emergency continues. For this 

reason, I have determined that it is 

necessary to continue in effect after 

September 14, 2012, the national emergency with respect to the terrorist 

threat. 

BARACK OBAMA.

THE WHITE

f 

HOUSE, September 11, 2012. 

MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE 

At 2:15 p.m., a message from the 

House of Representatives, delivered by 

Mr. Novotny, one of its reading clerks, 

announced that the House has passed 

the following bills, in which it requests 

the concurrence of the Senate: 

H.R. 406. An act to amend the Federal 

Election Campaign Act of 1971 to permit candidates for election for Federal office to designate an individual who will be authorized 

to disburse funds of the authorized campaign 

committees of the candidate in the event of 

the death of the candidate. 

H.R. 2139. An act to require the Secretary 

of the Treasury to mint coins in commemoration of the centennial of the establishment 

of Lions Clubs International. 

H.R. 2489. An act to authorize the acquisition and protection of nationally significant 

battlefields and associated sites of the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812 under the 

American Battlefield Protection Program. 

H.R. 2706. An act to prohibit the sale of 

billfish. 

H.R. 3397. An act to modify the Forest 

Service Recreation Residence Program by 

implementing a simple, equitable, and predictable procedure for determining cabin 

user fees, and for other purposes. 

H.R. 6007. An act to exempt from the Lacey 

Act Amendments of 1981 certain water transfers by the North Texas Municipal Water 

District and the Greater Texoma Utility Authority. 

H.R. 6122. An act to revise the authority of 

the Librarian of Congress to accept gifts and 

bequests on behalf of the Library, and for 

other purposes. 

H.R. 6186. An act to require a study of voluntary community-based flood insurance options and how such options could be incorporated into the national flood insurance 

program, and for other purposes. 

H.R. 6336. An act to direct the Joint Committee on the Library to accept a statue depicting Frederick Douglass from the District 


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