<PAGE>

                                    BY LAWS
                                       OF
                              COVALENT GROUP, INC.

                                   ARTICLE I

                                 IDENTIFICATION


Section 1.     Principal and Registered Office.
               -------------------------------

The principal office of the Corporation shall be located at 1275 Drummers Lane,
Suite 100, Wayne, PA. 19087

The address of either the principal or registered office may be may be changed
by the Board of Directors.

Section 2.     Other Offices.
               -------------

The Corporation may have such other offices, either within or without the State
of Nevada, as the Board of Directors may designate or as the business affairs of
the Corporation may require from time to time.

                                   ARTICLE II

                          MEETINGS OF THE SHAREHOLDERS

Section 1.     Place of meetings.
               -----------------

All meetings of shareholders shall be held at the principal office of the
Corporation, or at such other place, either within or without the State of
Nevada, as shall be designated in the notice of the meeting agreed upon by a
majority of the shareholders entitled to vote thereat.

Section 2.     Annual Meetings.
               ---------------

The annual meeting of the shareholders shall be held at the principal office of
the Corporation on the first Tuesday in March of each year, if not a legal
holiday, for the purpose of electing directors of the Corporation and for the
transaction of such other business as may be properly brought before the
meeting.

Section 3.     Substitute Annual Meeting.
               -------------------------

If the annual meeting shall not be held on the day designated by the by-laws, a
substitute annual meeting may be called in accordance with the provisions of
Section at of this Article.  A meeting so called shall be designated and treated
for all purposes as the annual meeting.
<PAGE>

Section 4.     Special Meetings.
               ----------------

Special meetings of the shareholders may be called at any time by the President,
Secretary, or Board of Directors of the Corporation, or by any shareholder
pursuant to the written request of the holder of not less than one-tenth of all
the shares entitled to vote at the meeting.

Section 5.     Notice of Meeting.
               -----------------

Written or printed notice stating the time and place of the meeting shall be
delivered not less than ten or more than fifty days before the date of any
shareholders' meeting, either personally or by mail, by or at the direction of
the President, the Secretary or other person calling the meeting, to each
shareholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting.  If mailed, such notice
shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the United States mail
addressed to the shareholder at his address as it appears on the record of
shareholders of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid.

In the case of a special meeting, the notice of meeting shall specifically state
the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called; but, in the case of an
annual or substitute annual meeting, the notice of meeting need not specifically
state the business to be transacted thereat unless such a statement is required
by the provisions of the State of Nevada.

When a meeting is adjourned for thirty days or more, notice of the adjourned
meeting shall be given as in the case of an original meeting.  When a meeting is
adjourned for less than thirty days in any one adjournment, it is necessary to
give any notice of the adjourned meeting other than by announcement at the
meeting at which the adjournment is taken.

Section 6.     Voting Lists.
               ------------

At least ten days before each meeting of shareholders the Secretary of the
Corporation shall prepare an alphabetical list of the shareholders entitled to
vote at such meeting or any adjournment thereof, with the address of and number
of shares held by each, which list shall be kept on file at the registered
office of the Corporation for a period of ten days prior to such meeting, and
shall be subject to inspection by any shareholder at any time during the usual
business hours.  The list shall be produced and kept open at the time and place
of the meeting and shall be subject to inspection by any shareholder during the
whole time of the meeting.

Section 7.     Quorum.
               ------
A majority of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote,
represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of
shareholders.


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<PAGE>

The shareholders at a meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to do
business until adjournment, notwithstanding be withdrawal of enough shareholders
to leave less than a quorum.

In the absence of a quorum at the opening of any moving of shareholders, such
meeting be adjourned from time to time by a vote of the majority of the shares
voting on the motion to adjourn; and at any adjourned meeting at which a quorum
is present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at
the original meeting.

Section 8.     Proxies.
               -------

Shares may be voted either in by person by one of more agents authorized by a
written proxy executed by the shareholder or by his duly authorized attorney-in-
fact.

A proxy is not valid after the expiration of eleven months from the date of its
execution, unless the person executing it specifies therein the length of time
for which it is to continue in force, or limits its use to a particular meeting,
but no proxy shall be valid after ten years from the date of its execution.

Section 9.     Voting of Shares.
               ----------------

Each outstanding share entitled to vote shall be entitled to one vote on each
matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of shareholders.

Except in the election of directors, the vote of a majority of the shares voted
on any matter at a meeting of shareholders at which a quorum is present shall be
the act of the shareholders on that matter, unless the vote of a greater number
is required by law or by the character or by-laws of this corporation.

Shares of its own stock owned by the Corporation, directly or indirectly;
through a subsidiary, corporation or otherwise, or bid directly or indirectly in
a fiduciary capacity by it or by a subsidiary corporation, shall not be in
determining the total number of outstanding shares at a given time.

Section 10.    Cumulative Voting.
               -----------------

No Shareholder shall have the right of Cumulative Voting unless required by law.

Section 11.    Informal Action by Shareholders
               -------------------------------

Any action which may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting
forth the action so taken, shall be signed by all of the persons who would be
entitled to vote upon such action at a meeting, and filed with the Secretary of
the Corporation to be kept as part of he corporate records.


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<PAGE>

Section 12.    Indemnification.
               ---------------

COVALENT GROUP, INC. hereby adopts a resolution to indemnify the officers and
directors of the corporation from and against any liability which might be
asserted against them for actions taken while serving in their respective
capacities on behalf of the corporation or at its request.  The corporation will
indemnify and hold harmless all officers and directors from and against
liability and litigation expense, including reasonable attorneys fees, arising
out of their status as such of their activities in any of their capacities as
officers or directors.  No indemnification is clearly in conflict with the best
interests of the corporation.

It is further resolved that the Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless
all of its officers and directors for claims made or liabilities asserted prior
to the adoption of this resolution and for that purpose and to that extent, this
resolution is ratified, authorized, and approved by the Shareholders of this
corporation.

In accordance with this resolution, the corporation may advance expenses in
defending any civil or criminal action prior to its final disposition if the
Shareholders authorize it in a particular case and if the person for whose
benefit such expenses are paid shall agree to repay the corporation unless it
shall be ultimately determined that he is entitled to be indemnified by the
corporation.

                                  ARTICLE III

                               BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Section 1.     General Powers.
               --------------

The business   and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by its Board of
Directors.

Section 2.     Number, Term and Qualifications.
               -------------------------------

The number of directors of the Corporation shall be not less than that required
by law nor more than that which allowed by law.

The Directors shall be elected at the annual or adjourned annual meeting of the
shareholders (except as herein otherwise provided for the filling of vacancies)
and each director shall hold office until his death, resignation, retirement,
removal, disqualification, or his successor shall have been elected and
qualified.

Directors need not be residents of the State of Nevada or shareholders of the
Corporation.


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<PAGE>

Section 3.     Removal.
               -------

Any director may be removed at any time with or without cause by a vote of the
shareholders holding a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote at an
election of directors.

Section 4.     Vacancies.
               ---------

Any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors may be filled by the affirmative
vote of a majority of the remaining directors even though less than a quorum or
by the sole remaining director.

Any vacancy created by an increase in the authorized number of directors shall
be filled only by election at an annual meeting or at a special meeting of
shareholders called for that purpose.

Any director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term
of his predecessor in office.  At a special meeting of shareholders the
shareholders may elect a director to fill any vacancy not filled by the
directors.

Section 5.     Chairman of the Board.
               ---------------------

There may be a Chairman of the Board of Directors elected by the directors from
their number at any meeting of the Board.  The Chairman shall preside at all
meetings of the Board of Directors and perform such other duties as may be
directed by the Board.

Section 6.     Compensation.
               ------------

The Board of Directors may compensate Directors for their services as such and
may provide for the payment of all expenses incurred by directors in attending
regular and special meetings of the Board.

                                   ARTICLE IV

                             MEETINGS OF DIRECTORS

Section 1.     Regular Meetings.
               ----------------

A regular meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately after, and
at the same place as, the annual meeting of shareholders.  In addition, the
Board of Directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place, either within
or without the State of Nevada, for the holding of additional regular meetings.

Section 2.     Special Meetings.
               ----------------

Special Meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by or at the request of
the


                                       5
<PAGE>

President or any two directors. Such meetings may be held either within or
without the State of Nevada.

Section 3.     Notice of Meetings.
               ------------------

Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice.

The person or persons calling a special meeting of the Board of Directors shall,
at least three days before the meeting, give notice thereof by any usual means
of communication which notice need specify the purpose for which the meeting is
called and during normal business hours.

Section 4.     Waiver of Attendance.
               --------------------

Attendance by a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of
such meeting, except where a director attends a meeting for the express purpose
of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not
lawfully called or convened.

Section 5.     Quorum.
               ------

A majority of the number of directors fixed by these by-laws shall constitute a
quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board of Directors.

Section 6.     Manner of Acting.
               ----------------

Except for otherwise provided in these by-laws, the act of the majority of the
directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of
the Board of Directors.

Section 7.     Presumption of  Assent.
               ----------------------

A director of the corporation who is present at a meeting of the Board of
Directors at which action on any corporate matter is taken shall presumed to
have assented to the action taken unless his contrary vote is recorded or his
dissent is otherwise entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless he shall
his written dissent to such action with the person acting as the secretary of
the meeting before the adjournment thereof or shall forward such dissent by
registered mail to the Secretary immediately after be adjournment of the
meeting.  Such right to dissent shall not apply to a director who voted in favor
of such action.

Section 8.     Informal Action by Directors.
               ----------------------------

Action taken by a majority of the directors without a meeting is nevertheless
Board action if written consent to the action in question is signed by all
directors and filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board, whether
done before or after the action so taken.


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<PAGE>

                                   ARTICLE V

                              EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Section 1.     Creation.
               --------

The Board of Directors, by resolution adopted by a majority of the number of
directors fixed by these by-laws, may designate two or more directors to
constitute an Executive Committee, which committee, to the extent provided in
such resolution, shall have and may exercise all of the authority of the Board
of Directors in the management of the Corporation.

Section 2.     Vacancy.
               -------

Any vacancy occurring in an Executive Committee shall be filled by a majority of
the number of directors fixed by these by-laws at a regular or special making of
the Board of Directors.

Section 3.     Removal.
               -------

Any member of an Executive Committee may be removed at any time with or without
cause by a majority of the number of directors fixed by these by-laws.

Section 4.     Minutes.
               -------

The Executive Committee shall keep regular minutes of its proceeding are report
same to the Board when required.

Section 5.     Responsibility of Directors.
               ---------------------------

The designation of Executive Committee and the delegation thereto of authority
shall not operate to relieve the Board of Directors, or any member thereof of
any responsibility or liability imposed upon it or him by law.

If action taken by an Executive Committee is not thereafter formally considered
by the Board, a director may dissent from such action by filling his written
objection with the Secretary with reasonable promptness after learning of such
action.

                                 ARTICLE VI

                                  OFFICES

Section 1.     Officers of the Corporation.
               ---------------------------

The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a CEO, President, a Secretary,
a Treasurer and such Vice-Presidents, Assistant Secretaries, and Assistant
Treasures as the Board of


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<PAGE>

Directors may from time to time elect. In addition, the Board of Directors may
from time to time elect a Chairman of the Executive Committee. Any two or more
offices may be held by the same person, but no officer may act in more than one
capacity where action of two or more Officers is required.

Section 2.     Election and Term.
               -----------------

The officers  Corporation shall be elected by the Board of Directors and each
officer shall hold office until the death, resignation, retirement, removal,
disqualification or his successor shall have been elected and qualified.

Section 3.     Compensation of Officers.
               ------------------------

The compensation of all officers of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board
of Directors and no officer shall serve the Corporation in any other capacity
and receive compensation therefore unless such additional compensation be
authorized by the Board of Directors.

Section 4.     Removal of Officers and Agents.
               ------------------------------

Any officer or agent elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be
removed by the Board with or without prejudice to the contract rights, if any,
of the person so removed.

Section 5.     Bonds.
               -----

The Board of Directors may by resolution require any officer, agent, or employee
of the Corporation to give bond to the Corporation, with sufficient sureties
conditioned on the faithful performance of the duties of his respective office
or position, and to comply with such other conditions as may from time to time
be required by the Board of Directors.

Section 6.     President.
               ---------

The president shall be the principal executive officer of the Corporation and,
subject to the control all of the business and affairs of the Corporation.

He shall, when present, preside at all meetings of the shareholders.  He shall
sign, with the Secretary, or any other proper officer of the Corporation
thereunto authorized by the Board of Directors, certificates for shares of the
Corporation, any deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, or other instruments which
the Board of Directors has authorized to be executed except in the cases where
the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of
Directors or by these by-laws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation,
or shall be required by law to be otherwise signed or executed; and in general
shall perform all duties incident to the office of President and such other
duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.


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<PAGE>

Section 7.     Vice Presidents.
               ---------------

In the absence of the President or in the event of his death, inability or
refusal to act, the Vice Presidents in the order of their length of service as
Vice-Presidents, unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, shall
perform the duties of the President, and when so acting shall have all the
powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President.  Any Vice-
President may sign, with the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, certificates
for shares of the Corporation; and shall perform such other duties as from time
to time may be assigned to him by the President or Board of Directors.

Section 8.     Secretary.
               ---------

The Secretary shall: (a) keep the minutes of the meetings of shareholders, of
the Board of Directors and of all Executive Committees in one or more books
provided for that purpose; (b) we that all notices are duly given in accordance
with the provisions of these by-laws or as required by law; (c) be custodian of
the corporate records and of the seal of the Corporation and see that the seal
of the Corporation is affixed to all documents the execution of which on behalf
of the Corporation under its seal is duly authorized; (d) keep a register of the
post office address of each shareholder; (e) sign with the President or a Vice-
President, certificates for shares of the Corporation, the issuance of which
shall have been authorized by resolution of the Board of Directors; (f) have
general charge of the stock transfer books of the Corporation; and (g) in
general perform all duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other
duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the President or the Board
of Directors.

The Secretary shall keep, or cause to be kept in the State of Nevada at the
Corporation's principal place of business, and in the State of Nevada at the
Corporation's Registered Office, a record of the Corporation's shareholders,
giving the names and addresses of all shareholders and the number and class of
shares held by each.

Section 9.     Assistant Secretaries.
               ---------------------

In the absence of the Secretary or in the event of his death, inability or
refusal to act, the Assistant Secretaries in the order of their length of
service as Assistant Secretaries, unless otherwise determined by the Board of
Directors, shall perform the duties of the Secretary, and when so acting shall
have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the
Secretary.  They shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to them by
the Secretary, by the President, or by the Board of Directors.

Any Assistant Secretary may sign, with the President, certificates for shares of
he Corporation.


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<PAGE>

Section 10.    Treasurer.
               ---------

The Treasurer shall: (a) have charge and custody of and be responsible for all
funds and securities of the Corporation; receive and give receipts for monies
due and payable to the  Corporation from any source whatsoever, and deposit all
such monies in the name of the Corporation in such depositories as shall be
selected in accordance with the Provisions of Article VII, Section 4, of these
By-laws; and (b) in general perform all of the duties as from time to time may
be assigned to him by the President or by the Board of Directors, or by these
By-laws.

The Treasurer shall prepare, or cause to be prepared, a true statement of the
Corporation's assets and liabilities as of the close of each fiscal year, all in
reasonable detail, which statement shall be made and filed at the Corporation's
registered office or principal place of business in the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania within four months after the end of such fiscal year and thereat
kept available for a period of at least ten years.  Such statement shall
include, when applicable, a statement of the then current conversion ratio of
any outstanding securities and a statement of the number of shares covered by
any outstanding options and the price at which the options are exercisable.

Section 11.    Assistant Treasurers.
               --------------------

In the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of his death, inability or
refusal to act, the Assistant Treasurers in the order of their length of service
as Assistant Treasurer, unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors,
shall perform the duties of the Treasurer, and when so acting shall have all the
powers of and be subject to all the restrictions of the Treasurer. They shall
perform such other duties as may be assigned to them by the Treasurer, the
President, or by the Board of Directors.

Section 12.    Chairman of the Board.
               ---------------------

The Chairman of the Board, who shall be chosen from among the Directors, shall
preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors if present, and shall, in
general, perform all duties incident to the office of the Chairman of the Board
and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board
of Directors.

Section 13.    Chairman of the Executive Committee.
               -----------------------------------

The Chairman of the Executive Committee, who shall be chosen by and from among
the Directors, shall have general supervision and direction over the business
and affairs of the Corporation, subject, however to the control of the Board of
Directors and the Executive Committee.  He shall, in general, perform all duties
incident to the office of the Chairman of the Executive Committee and such other
duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board of Directors or
the Executive Committee.


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<PAGE>

                                  ARTICLE VII

                     CONTRACT, LOANS, CHECKS, AND DEPOSITS

Section 1.     Contracts.
               ---------

The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents,
to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of
and on behalf of the Corporation, and such authority may be general or confined
to the specific instances.

Section 2.     Loans.
               -----

No loans shall be contracted on behalf of the Corporation and no evidence of
indebtedness shall be issued in its name unless authorized by a resolution of
the Board of Directors.  Such authority shall be general or confined to specific
instances.

Section 3.     Checks and Drafts.
               -----------------

All checks, drafts, or other orders for be payment of money, issued in the name
of the Corporation, shall be signed by such officer or officers, agent or agents
of the Corporation and in such manner shall from time to time be determined by
resolution of the Board of Directors.

Section 4.     Deposits.
               --------

All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time
to time to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as the Board of
Directors may select.

                                 ARTICLE VIII

                   CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES AND THEIR TRANSFER

Section 1.     Certificates for shares.
               -----------------------

Certificates representing shares of the Corporation shall be in such form as
shall be determined by the Board of Directors.  The Corporation shall issue and
deliver to each shareholder certificates representing all fully paid shares
owned by him. Certificates shall be signed by the President or Vice-President
and by the Secretary or Assistant Treasurer.  All certificates for shares shall
be consecutively numbered or otherwise identified.  The name and address of the
person to whom the shares represented thereby are issued, with the number and
class of shares and the date of issue, shall be entered an the stock transfer
books of the Corporation.

Section 2.     Transfer of shares.
               ------------------

Transfer of shares of the Corporation shall be made only on the stock transfer
books of the Corporation by the holder of the record thereof or by his legal
representative, who shall furnish proper evidence of authority to transfer, or
by his attorney thereunto authorized by power of attorney duly executed or filed
with the Secretary, and on surrender for cancellation of the Certificate for
such shares.


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<PAGE>

Section 3.     Lost Certificate.
               ----------------

The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate to be issued in place of any
certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation claimed to have been lost or
destroyed, upon receipt of an affidavit of such fact from the person claiming
the certificate of stock to have been lost or destroyed.  When authorizing such
issue of a new certificate; the Board of Directors shall require that the owner
of such lost or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative, give the
Corporation a bond in such sum as the Board may direct as indemnity against any
claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate
claimed to have been lost or destroyed, except where the Board of Directors by
resolution finds that in the judgment of the Directors the circumstances justify
omission of a bond.

Section 4.     Closing Transfer Books and Fixing Record Date.
               ---------------------------------------------

For the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at
any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive
payment of any dividend, or in order to make a determination of shareholders for
any other proper purpose, the Board of Directors may provide that the stock
transfer books shall be closed for the purpose of determining shareholders
entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders, such books shall
be closed for at least ten days immediately preceding such meeting.

In lieu of closing the stock transfer books, the Board of Directors may fix in
advance a date as the record date for any such determination of shareholders,
such record date in any case not to be more than fifty days and, in case of a
meeting of shareholders, not less than ten days immediately preceding the date
on which the particular action, requiring such determination of shareholders, is
to be taken.

If the stock transfer books are not closed and no record date is fixed for the
determination of shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of
shareholders, or shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend, the
date on will notice of a meeting is mailed or the date on which the resolution
of the Board of Directors declaring such dividend is adopted as the case may be,
shall be the record date for such determination of shareholders.

When a determination of shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of
shareholders has been made as provided in this section, such determination shall
apply to any adjournment thereof except where the determination has been made
through the closing of the stock transfer books and the stated period of closing
has expired.

Section 5.     Holder of the Record.
               --------------------

The Corporation may treat as absolute owners of shares the person in whose name
the shares stand on records on its books just as if that person had full
competency, capacity, and authority to exercise all rights of ownership
irrespective of any knowledge or notice


                                      12
<PAGE>

to the contrary or any description indicting a representative, pledge, or other
fiduciary relation or any reference to any other instrument or to the rights of
any other person appearing upon to record or upon the share certificate except
that any person furnishing to the Corporation proof of his appointment as a
fiduciary shall be treated as if he were a holder of record of its shares.

Section 6.     Treasury Shares.
               ---------------

Treasury shares of the Corporation shall consist of such shares as have been
issued and thereafter acquired but not canceled by the Corporation.  Treasury
shares shall not carry voting or dividend rights.

                                 ARTICLE IX

                               GENERAL PROVISIONS

Section 1.     Dividends.
               ---------

The Board of Directors may from time to time declare, and the Corporation may
pay, dividends on its outstanding shares in cash, property, or its own shares
pursuant to law and subject to the provisions of its Charter.

Section 2.     Seal.
               ----

The corporation seal of the Corporation shall consist of a concentric circle
between which, is the name of the Corporation and in the center of which is
inscribed SEAL; and such seal, as impressed on the margin hereof, is adopted as
the corporate Seal of the Corporation.

Section 3.     Waiver of Notice.
               ----------------

Whenever any notice is required to be given to any shareholder or Director by
law, by the Charter or by these By-laws, a waiver thereof in writing signed by
the person or persons entitled to such notice whether before or after the time
stated therein, shall be equivalent to the giving of such notice.

Section 4.     Fiscal Year.
               -----------

The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors, and
shall be a calendar year unless otherwise designated.

Section 5.     Amendments.
               ----------

Except as otherwise provided herein, these By-laws may be adopted by the
affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors then holding office at any
regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors.


                                      13
<PAGE>

The Board of Directors shall have no power to adopt a By-law: (1) requiring more
than a majority of the voting shares for a quorum at a meeting of shareholders
or more than a majority of the votes cast to constitute action by the
shareholders, except where higher percentages are required by law; (2) providing
for the management of the Corporation otherwise than by the Board of Directors
or its Executive Committee; (3) increasing or decreasing the number of
Directors: (4) classifying and staggering the election of Directors.

No By-law adopted or amended by the shareholders shall be altered or repealed by
the Board of Directors.

This the 31st day of January, 1998.


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