1144-1 (Adopted March 6, 2009)(Amended July 9, 2010)

RULE 1144 METALWORKING FLUIDS AND DIRECT-CONTACT

LUBRICANTS

(a) Purpose The purpose of Rule 1144 is to reduce volatile orga nic compound (VOC) emissions from the use of metalworking fluids and d irect-contact lubricants at
industrial facilities.
(b) Applicability The rule applies to all persons who use metalworkin g fluids and direct-contact lubricants on products and parts during manufacture and assembly; and all manufacturers and suppliers who supply, sell, or of fer for sale metalworking
fluids and direct-contact lubricants for use at ind ustrial facilities. This rule shall apply to all VOC containing fluids used for metalwo rking including metal removal, metal forming, metal treating or lubricati ng operations where the metalworking fluid or direct-contact lubricant come s into direct contact with products and parts including, but not limited to, b lanking, broaching, coining, cutting, drilling, drawing, forming, forging, grind ing, heading, honing, lapping, marquenching, milling, piercing, quenching, roll fo rming, rolling, stamping, tapping, threading, turning and wire drawing. The rule also applies to VOC containing fluids used for metal protection, includ ing rust and corrosion prevention and inhibition, during the manufacture a nd assembly of products and parts. The provisions of this rule shall not apply to repair, maintenance or research operations.
(c) Definitions For the purpose of this rule, the following definit ions shall apply: (1) ASSEMBLED AIRCRAFT is any machine that is a com plete vehicle, assembly of parts at an aircraft assembly facility or major partial section including wheel wells, fuselage sections, pressure decks, wings, blades or cockpit, designed to travel through the air, withou t leaving the earth’s atmosphere, including airplanes, balloons, dirigibl es, helicopters and
missiles. (2) DIRECT-CONTACT LUBRICANT is a fluid that comes into direct contact with the product or part during manufacturi ng or assembly and is used to reduce friction and to prolong the life of machine tools andRule 1144 (Cont.) (Amended July 9, 2010)

1144-2 machinery. A direct-contact lubricant is not a met al forming fluid and is
not a metal removal fluid. (3) EXEMPT COMPOUND is as defined in Rule 102. (4) GRAMS OF VOC PER LITER OF MATERIAL is the weigh t of VOC per volume of material and can be calculated by the fol lowing equation:

Grams of VOC per liter of material =


### W W W s w e s − − 

### V m

Where: Ws = Weight of volatile compounds in grams

Ww = Weight of water in grams Wes = Weight of exempt compounds in grams Vm = Volume of material in liters
(5) LAPPING is a manufacturing method that employs particles of an abrasive material, suspended in a liquid carrier, b etween rotating plates. (6) MANUFACTURING is the use of tools and labor to make things for sale. (7) METAL FORMING FLUID is a fluid used at the tool and workpiece
interface to facilitate the flow of metal over the tool and to extend the life of the tool. Common metal forming operations inclu de, but are not limited to, blanking, coining, drawing, forming, forging, h eading, piercing, roll forming, stamping and wire drawing. (8) METAL PROTECTING FLUID is fluid that inhibits o r prevents the corrosion of metal surfaces. It is applied indepen dently of any other metalworking, lubricating or cleaning application. (9) METAL REMOVAL FLUID is a fluid used at the tool and workpiece
interface to facilitate the removal of metal from t he part, cool the part and tool, extend the life of the tool, and to flush awa y chips and debris. Common metal removal operations include, but are no t limited to, broaching, cutting, drilling, grinding, honing, lap ping, milling, tapping, threading and turning. (10) METAL TREATING FLUID is a fluid used to remove heat from metal parts, affect their hardness, and/or change the gra in structure of the metal. Common metal treating operations include, but are n ot limited to, marquenching and quenching. (11) METALWORKING FLUID is a fluid that facilitates operations involving the working, protecting or modification of metals, including metalRule 1144 (Cont.) (Amended July 9, 2010)

1144-3 forming, protecting, treating and removal, and may consist of straight oils, emulsifiable oils and synthetic and semi-synthetic fluids. (12) MILITARY SPECIFIED PRESERVATIVE is a preventat ive or protecting fluid qualified under military specification and us ed in a military application. (13) PRECISION METAL REMOVAL FLUID is a fluid used for carbide grinding machine tools, where the manufacturer of t he machine tool specifies the viscosity of the fluid, or for machin ing of aluminum or magnesium in single or multiple spindle automatic m achines. (14) SINKER ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING (EDM) is a method of removing material by a series of rapid re curring electric arcing discharges between an electrode and the workpiece, in the presence of an energetic electric field, in an insulating oil. (15) SPACE VEHICLE is a vehicle designed to travel beyond the earth’s atmosphere. (16) SOLICIT is to require for use or to specify, b y written or oral contract. (17) SUPER COMPLIANT MATERIAL is any material conta ining 50 grams or less of VOC per liter of material. (18) VANISHING OIL is a direct-contact lubricant or metalworking fluid with a flash point less than 200°F (93°C). (19) VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND (VOC) is as defined in Rule 102.
(d) Requirements (1) VOC Content A person shall not use or solicit the use of any me talworking fluid or
direct-contact lubricant that has a VOC content in excess of the limits contained in Table A of this paragraph:Rule 1144 (Cont.) (Amended July 9, 2010)

1144-4 Table A – Fluid Categories and VOC Limits

EFFECTIVE 1/1/2010 EFFECTIVE

1/1/2011 EFFECTIVE

1/1/2012
FLUID VOC g/l (lb/gal) VOC

g/l (lb/gal) VOC

g/l (lb/gal)
(A) Vanishing Oil 50 (0.42)
(B) Metalworking Fluid

(i) Metal Forming 75 (0.63)
(ii) Metal Removal

(a) General 75 (0.63) (b) Precision Metal Removal 130 (1.08)

(iii) Metal Treating 75 (0.63)
(iv) Metal Protecting

(a) General 300 (2.50) 50 (0.42) (b) Military Specified Preservative 340 (2.83)

(C) Direct-Contact Lubricant 50 (0.42)

(2) Prohibition of Sale (A) No person shall manufacture for use, offer for sale, sell or distribute directly to a person any metalworking fl uid or directcontact lubricant for use in the District which, at the time of sale or manufacture, contains more VOC per liter of materia l after recommended dilution, and after the effective date, as listed in
Table A. (B) The prohibition of sale shall not apply to any manufacturer or supplier of metalworking fluid or direct-contact lu bricant provided the product was sold to an independent distributor that was informed in writing by the manufacturer or supplier that theRule 1144 (Cont.) (Amended July 9, 2010)

1144-5 metalworking fluid or direct-contact lubricant is n ot to be used in the South Coast Air Quality Management District. (C) The prohibition of sale shall not apply to any manufacturer or supplier of metalworking fluid or direct-contact lu bricant collected and directed to an emission control system pursuant to subdivision (e). (3) Sell-Through Provision Any metalworking fluid or direct-contact lubricant that is manufactured prior to the effective date of the applicable limit , and that has a VOC content above that limit (but not above the limit i n effect on the date of manufacture), may be sold, supplied, offered for sa le, or applied for up to six months after the specified effective date.
(e) Control Equipment A person may use metalworking fluids and direct-con tact lubricants in excess of the limits provided all metalworking fluids and dir ect-contact lubricants are controlled by an emission control system that meets the following: (1) The control device reduces VOC emissions from a n emission collection system by at least 95 percent by weight or the outp ut of the air pollution control device is no more than 5 PPM VOC by volume calculated as carbon with no dilution; and (2) The emission collection system has been demonst rated to collect at least 90 percent by weight of the VOC emissions generated by the sources of
VOC emission.
(f) Administrative Requirements (1) Effective January 1, 2010, containers, for sale or distribution, of any vanishing oil or metal protecting fluid subject to this rule shall display the
date of manufacture of the contents or a code indic ating the date of manufacture. The manufacturers of such vanishing o ils or metal protecting fluids shall file with the Executive Off icer of the District an explanation of each code. (2) Effective January 1, 2012, containers for sale or distribution, of any metalworking fluid or direct-contact lubricant subj ect to this rule shall display the VOC content and either the date of manu facture of the contents or a code indicating the date of manufacture. The manufacturer orRule 1144 (Cont.) (Amended July 9, 2010)

1144-6 supplier of such fluids shall file with the Executi ve Officer of the District an explanation of each date code. (3) For each calendar year (January 1 through Decem ber 31) beginning with 2011 and continuing with each subsequent calendar y ear until 2013, a metalworking fluid or direct-contact lubricant manu facturer or supplier shall submit to the District by April 1 of the foll owing calendar year, an annual quantity and emissions report for products s ubject to the rule sold within the District. The report format shall be ap proved by the Executive Officer, and shall include the annual sales volume and VOC content of metalworking fluids and direct-contact lubricants s old or distributed
within the District.
(g) Recordkeeping Requirements (1) An owner or operator shall develop and maintain a VOC listing of all metalworking fluids and direct-contact lubricants p urchased for use at the facility. The list shall be kept in a format speci fied by the District or in an equivalent format and shall contain the following d ata: (A) Name and AQMD facility identification number (i f applicable) of the stationary source; (B) For each metalworking fluid and direct-contact lubricants: (i) Manufacturer, a manufacturer product number, ID , or code that uniquely identifies the VOC-containing fluid, and a fluid category; (ii) Grams of VOC per liter of material; The VOC Listing shall be updated within seven (7) c alendar days from the date of receipt of a new metalworking fluid or dire ct-contact lubricant at the facility. (2) An owner or operator shall record the following information on a monthly usage log in a format specified by the District or in an equivalent format: (A) Name and AQMD identification number of the faci lity; (B) Manufacturer product number, ID, or code from t he VOC Listing; (C) Amount of each VOC-containing fluid purchased o n a monthly basis; (D) Initials of the person entering the data; and (E) Date the data was entered.Rule 1144 (Cont.) (Amended July 9, 2010)

1144-7 (3) An owner or operator of a stationary source sha ll maintain and make available to a District representative upon request all of the information necessary to verify the amount of metalworking flui ds and direct-contact lubricants used at the facility including, but not limited to purchase records identifying the supplier's name, date, and amount p urchased. (4) In lieu of meeting paragraphs (g)(1), (g)(2) an d (g)(3), records may be maintained pursuant to Rule 109 for all application s subject to this rule. (5) Any person using an emissions control system as a means of complying with this rule shall maintain daily records of all key system parameters, including hours of operation, temperatures, pressur es and flow rates, that are necessary to ensure control efficiency requirem ents. (6) Manufacturers utilizing the provision of subpar agraph (d)(2)(B) shall maintain notification letters for five (5) years, w hich shall be made available to the Executive Officer or designee upon request. (7) Manufactures or suppliers of metalworking fluid s and direct-contact lubricants shall maintain records to verify data us ed to determine VOC content in preparing their annual quantity and emis sions report. The records shall be maintained for five (5) years and made available upon request by the Executive Officer. Such records sha ll include: (A) Laboratory reports; or (B) VOC content calculations.
(h) Test Methods and Procedures The following test methods and procedures shall be used to determine compliance with this rule. Other applicable test methods may be used if they are determined to be equivalent and approved in writing by the Exe cutive Officer, the California
Air Resources Board and the U.S. Environmental Prot ection Agency. (1) Determination of VOC Content (A) ASTM E 1868 - 10 Standard Test Method for Loss -On-Drying by Thermogravimetry. Quality assurance and quality co ntrol procedures shall be conducted using SCAQMD Addition al Requirements to ASTM Standard Test Method E 1868-10 for Metalworking Fluids and Direct-Contact Lubricants. Water content shall be determined by ASTM D 4017 (Standar d Test Method for Water in Paints and Paint Materials by K arl Fischer Method) if applicable to the specific sample. The exempt solventRule 1144 (Cont.) (Amended July 9, 2010)

1144-8 content shall be determined by SCAQMD Method 303 (Determination of Exempt Compounds) contained in th e SCAQMD "Laboratory Methods of Analysis for Enforcem ent Samples" manual; or, (B) Exempt Perfluorocarbon Compounds The following classes of compounds: cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated alkanes; cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated ethers with no unsaturations; cyclic, branched, or linear, completely fluorinated tertiary amines with no unsaturations; and sulfur-containing perfluorocarbons with no unsatura tions and with sulfur bonds only to carbon and fluorine, will be analyzed as exempt compounds for compliance with paragraph (d), only when manufacturers specify whic h individual compounds are used in the coating formulation. In addition, the manufacturers must identify the USEPA, CARB, and th e SCAQMD approved test methods used to quantify the a mount of each exempt compound. (2) Determination of Flash Point
ASTM D93 - 07 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by PenskyMartens Closed Cup Tester. (3) Determination of Efficiency of Emission Control System (A) The capture efficiency of an emission control syste m shall be determined by verifying the use of a Permanent Tota l Enclosure (PTE) and 100% capture efficiency as defined by U.S . EPA
Method 204 “Criteria for and Verification of a Perm anent or Temporary Total Enclosure.” Alternatively, if a U.S . EPA Method 204 defined PTE is not employed, capture efficiency shall be determined using a minimum of three sampling runs s ubject to data quality criteria presented in U.S. EPA technical gu idance document “Guidelines for Determination Capture Effi ciency, January 9, 1995.” Individual capture efficiency tes t runs subject to the U.S. EPA technical guidelines shall be determin ed by: (i) The Temporary Total Enclosure (TTE) approach of U.S. EPA Method 204 through 204F; orRule 1144 (Cont.) (Amended July 9, 2010)

1144-9 (ii) The SCAQMD “Protocol for Determination of Vola tile organic Compounds (VOCs) Capture efficiency.” (B) The efficiency of the control device and the VO C content
measured and calculated as carbon in the control de vice exhaust gases shall be determined by U.S. EPA's Test Method 18, or Air Resources Board (ARB) Method 422 for the determinat ion of emissions of Exempt Compounds and U.S. EPA's Test M ethods 25, 25A, SCAQMD Method 25.1 for the determination o f Total Gaseous Non-Methane Organic Emissions as Carbon, or SCAQMD Method 25.3 for the determination of Low Concentration Non-Methane Non-Ethane Organic Compou nd Emissions from Clean Fueled Combustion Sources, as applicable. (C) The overall efficiency of an emission control system shall be determined using the following equation: Overall Efficiency = (Capture Efficiency) x (Control Equipment Effici ency)/100
(i) Exemptions (1) Paragraph (d)(2) and subdivision (f) shall not apply to metalworking fluids and direct-contact lubricants subject to the Califo rnia Air Resources Board consumer products regulation found in Title 17 of t he California Code of Regulations, beginning at Section 94507. (2) Until January 1, 2011, paragraph (d)(1) shall n ot apply to metalworking fluids and direct-contact lubricants subject to the California Air Resources Board consumer products regulation found in Title 1 7 of the California Code of Regulations, beginning at Section 94507. (3) The provisions of this rule shall not apply to metalworking fluids and
direct-contact lubricants sold in this District for shipment outside of this District or for shipment to other manufacturers for repackaging. (4) The provisions of subdivisions (d) and (f) of t his rule shall not apply to metalworking fluids and direct-contact lubricants s ubject to VOC limits in other Regulation XI rules. (5) The provisions of subdivision (d) shall not app ly to the following operations: (A) Lapping; (B) Sinker EDM;Rule 1144 (Cont.) (Amended July 9, 2010)

1144-10 (C) Avionics and assembled aircraft; (D) Space vehicle components; (E) Fluids utilizing the control device option in subdivision (e); (F) Until January 1, 2011, metal protecting fluids used in association with a military specification, military standard, D epartment of Defense document or Production Part Approval Proces s (PPAP). The specifications for the part shall be made avail able to the Executive Officer upon request. (6) The provisions of subdivision (g) shall not app ly to any Super Compliant Material(s). This exemption shall only apply to fa cilities that demonstrate that total permitted and non-permitted facility VOC emissions do not exceed 4 tons in any calendar year, including emiss ions from the Super Compliant Material, as shown by annual purchase rec ords. (7) Paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) shall not apply to the use of dimethyl carbonate used as a cooling solvent in computed num erically controlled (CNC) machines where permeable media are used to ma intain a vacuum that holds the part in place during cutting provide d that the equipment existed at the time of rule adoption, is enclosed a nd an exhaust fan discharges the exhaust air from the equipment outsi de of the building.